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The Little
Data Book
10
on Africa
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ISBN: 978-0-8213-8255-4
e-ISBN: 978-0-8213-8274-5
DOI: 10.1596/978-0-8213-8255-4
SKU: 18255
The Little Data Book on Africa 2010 is a product of the Africa Region of the
World Bank.
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . v
Users guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vi
Algeria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Angola . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Benin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Botswana . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Burkina Faso. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Burundi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Cameroon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Cape Verde. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Central African Republic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Chad . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Comoros . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Congo, Dem. Rep.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Congo, Rep. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Côte d’Ivoire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Djibouti. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Egypt, Arab Rep. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Equatorial Guinea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Eritrea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Ethiopia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Gabon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
Gambia, The . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
Ghana . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
Guinea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
Guinea-Bissau . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
Kenya. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Lesotho . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
Liberia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
Libya . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
Madagascar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
Malawi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
Mali . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
Mauritania . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
Mauritius . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
Morocco . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
Mozambique. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
Namibia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
Niger . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
Nigeria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
Rwanda . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
São Tomé and Príncipe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
Senegal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
Seychelles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
Sierra Leone. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
Somalia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
South Africa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
Sudan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
Swaziland . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
Tanzania . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
Togo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
Tunisia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
Uganda . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
Zambia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
Zimbabwe. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
Glossary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108
The overall work was carried out under the guidance of Shantayanan
Devarajan, Chief Economist of the Africa Region.
Aggregates data are based on the World Bank’s regional classification for
Sub-Saharan Africa and North Africa, which may differ from common geo-
graphic usage. Former Spanish Sahara is not included in any aggregates.
Statistics
Data are for the most recent year available, usually 2008, as economies were
constituted in 2007. Consistent time-series data for 1961–2008 are avail-
able on Africa Development Indicators CD-ROM and ADI Online. Data for some
indicators, including macroeconomic statistics, Doing Business indicators,
investment climate indicators, governance and anticorruption indicators, and
Country Policy and Institutional Assessment ratings, are for 2009 or 2010.
Symbols
.. means that data are not available or that aggregates cannot be calcu-
lated because of missing data in the years shown.
— is not applicable.
0 or 0.0 means zero or small enough that the number would round to zero
at the displayed number of decimal places.
Considerable effort has been made to harmonize the data, but full com-
parability cannot be assured, and care must be taken in interpreting indi-
cators. Many factors affect data availability, reliability, and comparability.
Data coverage may be incomplete because of circumstances affecting the
collection and reporting of data, such as conflicts. Although drawn from
sources thought to be the most authoritative, data should be construed
as indicating trends and characterizing differences across economies. Dis-
crepancies in data presented in different editions of The Little Data Book
on Africa reflect updates from countries as well as revisions to historical
series and changes in methodology. Readers are therefore advised not to
compare data series between editions or across World Bank publications.
The cutoff date for data is September 30, 2009, except for data on official
development assistance, for which the cutoff date is December 8, 2009.
Drivers of growth
Gross domestic savings (% of GDP) 71.5 45.5
Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 27.9 23.4
Private sector fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 27.9 23.9
Gross primary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) 109.7 106.3
Gross secondary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) .. ..
Gross tertiary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) 24.0 ..
Public spending on education, total (% of gov't expenditure) .. 20.5
Number of startup procedures to register a business 14.0 9.0
Time to start a business (days per procedure) 24 14
Cost to start a business (% of GNI per capita) 12.1 12.5
Time to register property (days) 47 51
Time to enforce a contract (days) 630 705
Protecting investors, disclosure index (0 low to 10 high) 6 6
Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (days) 451 379
Total tax rate (% of profit) 72.0 54.9
Average time to clear direct exports through customs (days) 16.8 9.8
Average time to clear imports through customs (days) 16.8 9.8
Rigidity of employment index (0 least rigid to 100 most rigid) 41 42
Delay for firms in obtaining electrical connection (days) 49.1 70.2
Electric power outages for firms (number per month) 5.1 5.4
Ratio of paved to total roads (%) 70.2 68.0
Road density (road km per 100 km2 of land area) 4.5 7.0
Real interest rate (%) –7.8 ..
Domestic credit to private sector (% of GDP) 12.9 34.4
Corruption as major constraint (% of firms) 64.7 —
Firms that believe court system is fair, impartial, & uncorrupt (%) .. —
Crime, theft, and disorder as major constraint (% of firms) 0.9 —
Tax rates as major constraint (% of firms) 46.7 —
Finance as major constraint (% of firms) 50.1 —
Electricity as major constraint (% of firms) 48.1 —
Labor regulations as major constraint (% of firms) 13.8 —
Labor skill level as major constraint (% of firms) 36.8 —
Irrigated land (% of cropland) 6.9 ..
Fertilizer consumption (100 grams per hectare of arable land) 116.4 893.4
Tractors per 100 hectares of arable land 135 143
Cereal crop yield (kg per hectare) 1,390.7 2,483.8
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) 59.1 46.4
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) 24.5 36.9
Terms of trade index (2000 = 100) 188.8 ..
Real effective exchange rate (2000 = 100) 85.0 85.0
Export diversification index (%) 2.4 ..
Foreign direct investment, net inflows ($ millions) .. 18,544.3
Workers' remittances received ($ millions) .. 12,090.6
Migrant remittance inflows ($ millions) 2,120.0 18,238.0
Capable states
IDA resource allocation index (1 low to 6 high) .. —
Corruption Perceptions Index score (0 corrupt to 10 clean) 3.2 —
Control of corruption (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.4 —
Voice and accountability (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –1.1 —
Political stability (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –1.2 —
Government effectiveness (-2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.5 —
Regulatory quality (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.8 —
Rule of law (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.7 —
Combined polity score (–10 autocratic to 10 democratic) 2.0 —
Partnership
Net official development assistance (ODA) ($ millions) 316.0 3,420.2
Net ODA (% of GDP) 0.2 0.6
Net ODA per capita ($) 9.2 20.9
Net ODA from DAC donors ($ millions) 241.3 2,112.9
Net ODA from non-DAC bilateral donors ($ millions) –23.3 168.1
Net ODA from multilateral donors ($ millions) 98.0 1,139.3
Net ODA (% of central government expenditure) 2.7 7.0
PDI-1—Country with operational nat'l development strategies (A–F) .. —
PDI-12—Existence of a mutual accountability review (A–F) .. —
Drivers of growth
Gross domestic savings (% of GDP) 62.6 33.6
Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 12.3 18.5
Private sector fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 1.8 12.9
Gross primary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) .. 96.8
Gross secondary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) .. ..
Gross tertiary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) .. ..
Public spending on education, total (% of gov't expenditure) 6.4 ..
Number of startup procedures to register a business 8 9
Time to start a business (days per procedure) 68 45
Cost to start a business (% of GNI per capita) 151.1 197.5
Time to register property (days) 184 80
Time to enforce a contract (days) 1,011 656
Protecting investors, disclosure index (0 low to 10 high) 5 5
Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (days) 272 302
Total tax rate (% of profit) 53.2 66.8
Average time to clear direct exports through customs (days) .. 10.1
Average time to clear imports through customs (days) .. 15.9
Rigidity of employment index (0 least rigid to 100 most rigid) 66 36
Delay for firms in obtaining electrical connection (days) .. 29.1
Electric power outages for firms (number per month) .. 10.5
Ratio of paved to total roads (%) 10.4 12.1
Road density (road km per 100 km2 of land area) 4.1 6.9
Real interest rate (%) –6.3 ..
Domestic credit to private sector (% of GDP) 12.7 39.4
Corruption as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Firms that believe court system is fair, impartial, & uncorrupt (%) .. —
Crime, theft, and disorder as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Tax rates as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Finance as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Electricity as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Labor regulations as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Labor skill level as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Irrigated land (% of cropland) 2.2 3.5
Fertilizer consumption (100 grams per hectare of arable land) 36.6 ..
Tractors per 100 hectares of arable land 31 13
Cereal crop yield (kg per hectare) 490.3 1,251.2
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) 89.5 41.2
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) 39.3 37.1
Terms of trade index (2000 = 100) .. ..
Real effective exchange rate (2000 = 100) .. 109.8
Export diversification index (%) 1.1 ..
Foreign direct investment, net inflows ($ millions) –1,805.1 ..
Workers' remittances received ($ millions) 0.0 6,055.6
Migrant remittance inflows ($ millions) .. 18,615.4
Capable states
IDA resource allocation index (1 low to 6 high) 2.7 —
Corruption Perceptions Index score (0 corrupt to 10 clean) 1.9 —
Control of corruption (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –1.2 —
Voice and accountability (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –1.1 —
Political stability (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.4 —
Government effectiveness (-2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –1.0 —
Regulatory quality (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.9 —
Rule of law (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –1.3 —
Combined polity score (–10 autocratic to 10 democratic) –2.0 —
Partnership
Net official development assistance (ODA) ($ millions) 368.8 35,688.7
Net ODA (% of GDP) 0.4 3.5
Net ODA per capita ($) 20.5 43.6
Net ODA from DAC donors ($ millions) 184.0 21,253.7
Net ODA from non-DAC bilateral donors ($ millions) 34.2 405.6
Net ODA from multilateral donors ($ millions) 150.6 14,029.4
Net ODA (% of central government expenditure) .. 24.9
PDI-1—Country with operational nat'l development strategies (A–F) .. —
PDI-12—Existence of a mutual accountability review (A–F) .. —
Drivers of growth
Gross domestic savings (% of GDP) .. 33.6
Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) .. 18.5
Private sector fixed capital formation (% of GDP) .. 12.9
Gross primary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) .. 96.8
Gross secondary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) .. ..
Gross tertiary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) .. ..
Public spending on education, total (% of gov't expenditure) 18.0 ..
Number of startup procedures to register a business 7.0 9
Time to start a business (days per procedure) 31 45
Cost to start a business (% of GNI per capita) 155.5 197.5
Time to register property (days) 120 80
Time to enforce a contract (days) 825 656
Protecting investors, disclosure index (0 low to 10 high) 6 5
Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (days) 270 302
Total tax rate (% of profit) 73.3 66.8
Average time to clear direct exports through customs (days) .. 10.1
Average time to clear imports through customs (days) .. 15.9
Rigidity of employment index (0 least rigid to 100 most rigid) 40 36
Delay for firms in obtaining electrical connection (days) .. 29.1
Electric power outages for firms (number per month) .. 10.5
Ratio of paved to total roads (%) 9.5 12.1
Road density (road km per 100 km2 of land area) 17.2 6.9
Real interest rate (%) .. ..
Domestic credit to private sector (% of GDP) 20.9 39.4
Corruption as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Firms that believe court system is fair, impartial, & uncorrupt (%) .. —
Crime, theft, and disorder as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Tax rates as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Finance as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Electricity as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Labor regulations as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Labor skill level as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Irrigated land (% of cropland) 0.4 3.5
Fertilizer consumption (100 grams per hectare of arable land) 0.0 ..
Tractors per 100 hectares of arable land 1 13
Cereal crop yield (kg per hectare) 1,257.9 1,251.2
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) .. 41.2
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) .. 37.1
Terms of trade index (2000 = 100) .. ..
Real effective exchange rate (2000 = 100) .. 109.8
Export diversification index (%) 6.4 ..
Foreign direct investment, net inflows ($ millions) .. ..
Workers' remittances received ($ millions) 186.2 6,055.6
Migrant remittance inflows ($ millions) 224.0 18,615.4
Capable states
IDA resource allocation index (1 low to 6 high) 3.6 —
Corruption Perceptions Index score (0 corrupt to 10 clean) 3.1 —
Control of corruption (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.4 —
Voice and accountability (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) 0.3 —
Political stability (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) 0.4 —
Government effectiveness (-2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.5 —
Regulatory quality (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.5 —
Rule of law (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.5 —
Combined polity score (–10 autocratic to 10 democratic) 7.0 —
Partnership
Net official development assistance (ODA) ($ millions) 640.8 35,688.7
Net ODA (% of GDP) 9.6 3.5
Net ODA per capita ($) 74.0 43.6
Net ODA from DAC donors ($ millions) 302.6 21,253.7
Net ODA from non-DAC bilateral donors ($ millions) 6.8 405.6
Net ODA from multilateral donors ($ millions) 331.5 14,029.4
Net ODA (% of central government expenditure) .. 24.9
PDI-1—Country with operational nat'l development strategies (A–F) C —
PDI-12—Existence of a mutual accountability review (A–F) B —
Drivers of growth
Gross domestic savings (% of GDP) 49.6 33.6
Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 27.0 18.5
Private sector fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 18.6 12.9
Gross primary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) .. 96.8
Gross secondary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) .. ..
Gross tertiary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) .. ..
Public spending on education, total (% of gov't expenditure) 21.0 ..
Number of startup procedures to register a business 10.0 9
Time to start a business (days per procedure) 61 45
Cost to start a business (% of GNI per capita) 2.1 197.5
Time to register property (days) 16 80
Time to enforce a contract (days) 687 656
Protecting investors, disclosure index (0 low to 10 high) 7 5
Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (days) 140 302
Total tax rate (% of profit) 17.1 66.8
Average time to clear direct exports through customs (days) .. 10.1
Average time to clear imports through customs (days) .. 15.9
Rigidity of employment index (0 least rigid to 100 most rigid) 13 36
Delay for firms in obtaining electrical connection (days) .. 29.1
Electric power outages for firms (number per month) .. 10.5
Ratio of paved to total roads (%) 32.6 12.1
Road density (road km per 100 km2 of land area) 4.6 6.9
Real interest rate (%) –0.5 ..
Domestic credit to private sector (% of GDP) 22.0 39.4
Corruption as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Firms that believe court system is fair, impartial, & uncorrupt (%) .. —
Crime, theft, and disorder as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Tax rates as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Finance as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Electricity as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Labor regulations as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Labor skill level as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Irrigated land (% of cropland) 0.3 3.5
Fertilizer consumption (100 grams per hectare of arable land) .. ..
Tractors per 100 hectares of arable land 250 13
Cereal crop yield (kg per hectare) 554.8 1,251.2
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) 45.7 41.2
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) 41.1 37.1
Terms of trade index (2000 = 100) 69.3 ..
Real effective exchange rate (2000 = 100) .. 109.8
Export diversification index (%) 2.8 ..
Foreign direct investment, net inflows ($ millions) –32.3 ..
Workers' remittances received ($ millions) 80.0 6,055.6
Migrant remittance inflows ($ millions) 141.2 18,615.4
Capable states
IDA resource allocation index (1 low to 6 high) .. —
Corruption Perceptions Index score (0 corrupt to 10 clean) 5.8 —
Control of corruption (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) 1.0 —
Voice and accountability (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) 0.6 —
Political stability (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) 1.0 —
Government effectiveness (-2.5 worse to 2.5 better) 0.7 —
Regulatory quality (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) 0.5 —
Rule of law (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) 0.6 —
Combined polity score (–10 autocratic to 10 democratic) 8.0 —
Partnership
Net official development assistance (ODA) ($ millions) 716.4 35,688.7
Net ODA (% of GDP) 5.5 3.5
Net ODA per capita ($) 376.1 43.6
Net ODA from DAC donors ($ millions) 682.7 21,253.7
Net ODA from non-DAC bilateral donors ($ millions) –1.5 405.6
Net ODA from multilateral donors ($ millions) 35.1 14,029.4
Net ODA (% of central government expenditure) 28.7 24.9
PDI-1—Country with operational nat'l development strategies (A–F) .. —
PDI-12—Existence of a mutual accountability review (A–F) .. —
Drivers of growth
Gross domestic savings (% of GDP) .. 33.6
Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) .. 18.5
Private sector fixed capital formation (% of GDP) .. 12.9
Gross primary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) 71.0 96.8
Gross secondary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) 18.1 ..
Gross tertiary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) 3.0 ..
Public spending on education, total (% of gov't expenditure) 15.4 ..
Number of startup procedures to register a business 4.0 9
Time to start a business (days per procedure) 14 45
Cost to start a business (% of GNI per capita) 50.3 197.5
Time to register property (days) 59 80
Time to enforce a contract (days) 446 656
Protecting investors, disclosure index (0 low to 10 high) 6 5
Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (days) 270 302
Total tax rate (% of profit) 44.9 66.8
Average time to clear direct exports through customs (days) .. 10.1
Average time to clear imports through customs (days) .. 15.9
Rigidity of employment index (0 least rigid to 100 most rigid) 21 36
Delay for firms in obtaining electrical connection (days) .. 29.1
Electric power outages for firms (number per month) .. 10.5
Ratio of paved to total roads (%) 4.2 12.1
Road density (road km per 100 km2 of land area) 33.8 6.9
Real interest rate (%) .. ..
Domestic credit to private sector (% of GDP) 18.6 39.4
Corruption as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Firms that believe court system is fair, impartial, & uncorrupt (%) .. —
Crime, theft, and disorder as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Tax rates as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Finance as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Electricity as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Labor regulations as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Labor skill level as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Irrigated land (% of cropland) 0.5 3.5
Fertilizer consumption (100 grams per hectare of arable land) 73.7 ..
Tractors per 100 hectares of arable land 4 13
Cereal crop yield (kg per hectare) 1,148.2 1,251.2
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) .. 41.2
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) .. 37.1
Terms of trade index (2000 = 100) .. ..
Real effective exchange rate (2000 = 100) .. 109.8
Export diversification index (%) 1.9 ..
Foreign direct investment, net inflows ($ millions) .. ..
Workers' remittances received ($ millions) 43.6 6,055.6
Migrant remittance inflows ($ millions) 50.0 18,615.4
Capable states
IDA resource allocation index (1 low to 6 high) 3.7 —
Corruption Perceptions Index score (0 corrupt to 10 clean) 3.5 —
Control of corruption (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.4 —
Voice and accountability (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.3 —
Political stability (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.1 —
Government effectiveness (-2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.7 —
Regulatory quality (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.3 —
Rule of law (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.4 —
Combined polity score (–10 autocratic to 10 democratic) 0.0 —
Partnership
Net official development assistance (ODA) ($ millions) 997.9 35,688.7
Net ODA (% of GDP) 12.6 3.5
Net ODA per capita ($) 65.6 43.6
Net ODA from DAC donors ($ millions) 475.1 21,253.7
Net ODA from non-DAC bilateral donors ($ millions) 7.4 405.6
Net ODA from multilateral donors ($ millions) 515.5 14,029.4
Net ODA (% of central government expenditure) .. 24.9
PDI-1—Country with operational nat'l development strategies (A–F) B —
PDI-12—Existence of a mutual accountability review (A–F) B —
Drivers of growth
Gross domestic savings (% of GDP) .. 33.6
Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) .. 18.5
Private sector fixed capital formation (% of GDP) .. 12.9
Gross primary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) 114.5 96.8
Gross secondary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) 15.2 ..
Gross tertiary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) 1.9 ..
Public spending on education, total (% of gov't expenditure) 17.7 ..
Number of startup procedures to register a business 11 9
Time to start a business (days per procedure) 32 45
Cost to start a business (% of GNI per capita) 151.6 197.5
Time to register property (days) 94 80
Time to enforce a contract (days) 832 656
Protecting investors, disclosure index (0 low to 10 high) 4 5
Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (days) 140 302
Total tax rate (% of profit) 278.6 66.8
Average time to clear direct exports through customs (days) .. 10.1
Average time to clear imports through customs (days) .. 15.9
Rigidity of employment index (0 least rigid to 100 most rigid) 28 36
Delay for firms in obtaining electrical connection (days) .. 29.1
Electric power outages for firms (number per month) .. 10.5
Ratio of paved to total roads (%) 10.4 12.1
Road density (road km per 100 km2 of land area) 48.0 6.9
Real interest rate (%) –6.4 ..
Domestic credit to private sector (% of GDP) 21.5 39.4
Corruption as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Firms that believe court system is fair, impartial, & uncorrupt (%) .. —
Crime, theft, and disorder as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Tax rates as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Finance as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Electricity as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Labor regulations as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Labor skill level as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Irrigated land (% of cropland) 1.5 3.5
Fertilizer consumption (100 grams per hectare of arable land) 0.0 ..
Tractors per 100 hectares of arable land 2 13
Cereal crop yield (kg per hectare) 1,288.6 1,251.2
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) .. 41.2
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) .. 37.1
Terms of trade index (2000 = 100) .. ..
Real effective exchange rate (2000 = 100) 73.7 109.8
Export diversification index (%) 2.6 ..
Foreign direct investment, net inflows ($ millions) 0.5 ..
Workers' remittances received ($ millions) 0.2 6,055.6
Migrant remittance inflows ($ millions) 0.2 18,615.4
Capable states
IDA resource allocation index (1 low to 6 high) 3.0 —
Corruption Perceptions Index score (0 corrupt to 10 clean) 1.9 —
Control of corruption (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –1.0 —
Voice and accountability (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.7 —
Political stability (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –1.4 —
Government effectiveness (-2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –1.2 —
Regulatory quality (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –1.2 —
Rule of law (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –1.1 —
Combined polity score (–10 autocratic to 10 democratic) 6.0 —
Partnership
Net official development assistance (ODA) ($ millions) 508.5 35,688.7
Net ODA (% of GDP) 43.7 3.5
Net ODA per capita ($) 63.0 43.6
Net ODA from DAC donors ($ millions) 255.1 21,253.7
Net ODA from non-DAC bilateral donors ($ millions) 0.2 405.6
Net ODA from multilateral donors ($ millions) 253.2 14,029.4
Net ODA (% of central government expenditure) .. 24.9
PDI-1—Country with operational nat'l development strategies (A–F) C —
PDI-12—Existence of a mutual accountability review (A–F) A —
Drivers of growth
Gross domestic savings (% of GDP) 19.7 33.6
Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 18.7 18.5
Private sector fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 14.3 12.9
Gross primary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) 109.6 96.8
Gross secondary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) 25.2 ..
Gross tertiary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) 7.2 ..
Public spending on education, total (% of gov't expenditure) 17.0 ..
Number of startup procedures to register a business 12.0 9
Time to start a business (days per procedure) 34 45
Cost to start a business (% of GNI per capita) 121.1 197.5
Time to register property (days) 93 80
Time to enforce a contract (days) 800 656
Protecting investors, disclosure index (0 low to 10 high) 6 5
Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (days) 1,400 302
Total tax rate (% of profit) 50.5 66.8
Average time to clear direct exports through customs (days) .. 10.1
Average time to clear imports through customs (days) .. 15.9
Rigidity of employment index (0 least rigid to 100 most rigid) 39 36
Delay for firms in obtaining electrical connection (days) .. 29.1
Electric power outages for firms (number per month) .. 10.5
Ratio of paved to total roads (%) 8.4 12.1
Road density (road km per 100 km2 of land area) 11.0 6.9
Real interest rate (%) 12.7 ..
Domestic credit to private sector (% of GDP) 10.4 39.4
Corruption as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Firms that believe court system is fair, impartial, & uncorrupt (%) .. —
Crime, theft, and disorder as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Tax rates as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Finance as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Electricity as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Labor regulations as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Labor skill level as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Irrigated land (% of cropland) 0.4 3.5
Fertilizer consumption (100 grams per hectare of arable land) 90.2 ..
Tractors per 100 hectares of arable land 1 13
Cereal crop yield (kg per hectare) 1,338.1 1,251.2
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) 29.2 41.2
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) 28.2 37.1
Terms of trade index (2000 = 100) 140.6 ..
Real effective exchange rate (2000 = 100) 119.1 109.8
Export diversification index (%) 3.3 ..
Foreign direct investment, net inflows ($ millions) 589.2 ..
Workers' remittances received ($ millions) 154.0 6,055.6
Migrant remittance inflows ($ millions) 167.4 18,615.4
Capable states
IDA resource allocation index (1 low to 6 high) 3.2 —
Corruption Perceptions Index score (0 corrupt to 10 clean) 4.0 —
Control of corruption (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.9 —
Voice and accountability (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –1.0 —
Political stability (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.5 —
Government effectiveness (-2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.8 —
Regulatory quality (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.7 —
Rule of law (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –1.0 —
Combined polity score (–10 autocratic to 10 democratic) –4.0 —
Partnership
Net official development assistance (ODA) ($ millions) 524.6 35,688.7
Net ODA (% of GDP) 2.2 3.5
Net ODA per capita ($) 27.8 43.6
Net ODA from DAC donors ($ millions) 297.7 21,253.7
Net ODA from non-DAC bilateral donors ($ millions) 10.7 405.6
Net ODA from multilateral donors ($ millions) 216.3 14,029.4
Net ODA (% of central government expenditure) 17.7 24.9
PDI-1—Country with operational nat'l development strategies (A–F) C —
PDI-12—Existence of a mutual accountability review (A–F) B —
Drivers of growth
Gross domestic savings (% of GDP) 8.2 33.6
Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 42.9 18.5
Private sector fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 33.7 12.9
Gross primary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) 101.5 96.8
Gross secondary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) 79.3 ..
Gross tertiary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) 8.9 ..
Public spending on education, total (% of gov't expenditure) 16.4 ..
Number of startup procedures to register a business 9.0 9
Time to start a business (days per procedure) 24 45
Cost to start a business (% of GNI per capita) 17.0 197.5
Time to register property (days) 73 80
Time to enforce a contract (days) 425 656
Protecting investors, disclosure index (0 low to 10 high) 1 5
Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (days) 100 302
Total tax rate (% of profit) 49.7 66.8
Average time to clear direct exports through customs (days) .. 10.1
Average time to clear imports through customs (days) .. 15.9
Rigidity of employment index (0 least rigid to 100 most rigid) 46 36
Delay for firms in obtaining electrical connection (days) .. 29.1
Electric power outages for firms (number per month) .. 10.5
Ratio of paved to total roads (%) 69.0 12.1
Road density (road km per 100 km2 of land area) 33.5 6.9
Real interest rate (%) 4.3 ..
Domestic credit to private sector (% of GDP) 54.1 39.4
Corruption as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Firms that believe court system is fair, impartial, & uncorrupt (%) .. —
Crime, theft, and disorder as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Tax rates as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Finance as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Electricity as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Labor regulations as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Labor skill level as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Irrigated land (% of cropland) 6.1 3.5
Fertilizer consumption (100 grams per hectare of arable land) .. ..
Tractors per 100 hectares of arable land 12 13
Cereal crop yield (kg per hectare) 800.0 1,251.2
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) 19.9 41.2
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) 54.7 37.1
Terms of trade index (2000 = 100) 58.7 ..
Real effective exchange rate (2000 = 100) .. 109.8
Export diversification index (%) 9.0 ..
Foreign direct investment, net inflows ($ millions) 191.5 ..
Workers' remittances received ($ millions) 138.5 6,055.6
Migrant remittance inflows ($ millions) 138.9 18,615.4
Capable states
IDA resource allocation index (1 low to 6 high) 4.2 —
Corruption Perceptions Index score (0 corrupt to 10 clean) 5.1 —
Control of corruption (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) 0.8 —
Voice and accountability (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) 1.0 —
Political stability (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) 0.9 —
Government effectiveness (-2.5 worse to 2.5 better) 0.1 —
Regulatory quality (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) 0.0 —
Rule of law (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) 0.5 —
Combined polity score (–10 autocratic to 10 democratic) .. —
Partnership
Net official development assistance (ODA) ($ millions) 218.5 35,688.7
Net ODA (% of GDP) 12.6 3.5
Net ODA per capita ($) 438.2 43.6
Net ODA from DAC donors ($ millions) 162.7 21,253.7
Net ODA from non-DAC bilateral donors ($ millions) 0.4 405.6
Net ODA from multilateral donors ($ millions) 55.4 14,029.4
Net ODA (% of central government expenditure) 68.8 24.9
PDI-1—Country with operational nat'l development strategies (A–F) C —
PDI-12—Existence of a mutual accountability review (A–F) B —
Drivers of growth
Gross domestic savings (% of GDP) 1.6 33.6
Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 10.3 18.5
Private sector fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 6.6 12.9
Gross primary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) 73.6 96.8
Gross secondary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) .. ..
Gross tertiary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) .. ..
Public spending on education, total (% of gov't expenditure) .. ..
Number of startup procedures to register a business 8.0 9
Time to start a business (days per procedure) 22 45
Cost to start a business (% of GNI per capita) 244.9 197.5
Time to register property (days) 75 80
Time to enforce a contract (days) 660 656
Protecting investors, disclosure index (0 low to 10 high) 6 5
Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (days) 504 302
Total tax rate (% of profit) 203.8 66.8
Average time to clear direct exports through customs (days) .. 10.1
Average time to clear imports through customs (days) .. 15.9
Rigidity of employment index (0 least rigid to 100 most rigid) 50 36
Delay for firms in obtaining electrical connection (days) .. 29.1
Electric power outages for firms (number per month) .. 10.5
Ratio of paved to total roads (%) .. 12.1
Road density (road km per 100 km2 of land area) 3.9 6.9
Real interest rate (%) 12.8 ..
Domestic credit to private sector (% of GDP) 7.0 39.4
Corruption as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Firms that believe court system is fair, impartial, & uncorrupt (%) .. —
Crime, theft, and disorder as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Tax rates as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Finance as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Electricity as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Labor regulations as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Labor skill level as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Irrigated land (% of cropland) 0.1 3.5
Fertilizer consumption (100 grams per hectare of arable land) .. ..
Tractors per 100 hectares of arable land 0 13
Cereal crop yield (kg per hectare) 1,092.3 1,251.2
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) 14.4 41.2
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) 23.1 37.1
Terms of trade index (2000 = 100) 72.5 ..
Real effective exchange rate (2000 = 100) 123.8 109.8
Export diversification index (%) 5.5 ..
Foreign direct investment, net inflows ($ millions) .. ..
Workers' remittances received ($ millions) .. 6,055.6
Migrant remittance inflows ($ millions) .. 18,615.4
Capable states
IDA resource allocation index (1 low to 6 high) 2.5 —
Corruption Perceptions Index score (0 corrupt to 10 clean) 2.0 —
Control of corruption (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.9 —
Voice and accountability (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –1.0 —
Political stability (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –1.8 —
Government effectiveness (-2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –1.5 —
Regulatory quality (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –1.3 —
Rule of law (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –1.4 —
Combined polity score (–10 autocratic to 10 democratic) –1.0 —
Partnership
Net official development assistance (ODA) ($ millions) 256.4 35,688.7
Net ODA (% of GDP) 13.0 3.5
Net ODA per capita ($) 58.0 43.6
Net ODA from DAC donors ($ millions) 128.5 21,253.7
Net ODA from non-DAC bilateral donors ($ millions) 0.2 405.6
Net ODA from multilateral donors ($ millions) 127.7 14,029.4
Net ODA (% of central government expenditure) 375.0 24.9
PDI-1—Country with operational nat'l development strategies (A–F) D —
PDI-12—Existence of a mutual accountability review (A–F) B —
Drivers of growth
Gross domestic savings (% of GDP) 25.2 33.6
Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 14.1 18.5
Private sector fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 6.4 12.9
Gross primary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) 74.0 96.8
Gross secondary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) 18.8 ..
Gross tertiary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) .. ..
Public spending on education, total (% of gov't expenditure) 10.1 ..
Number of startup procedures to register a business 19.0 9
Time to start a business (days per procedure) 75 45
Cost to start a business (% of GNI per capita) 176.7 197.5
Time to register property (days) 44 80
Time to enforce a contract (days) 743 656
Protecting investors, disclosure index (0 low to 10 high) 6 5
Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (days) 122 302
Total tax rate (% of profit) 60.9 66.8
Average time to clear direct exports through customs (days) .. 10.1
Average time to clear imports through customs (days) .. 15.9
Rigidity of employment index (0 least rigid to 100 most rigid) 33 36
Delay for firms in obtaining electrical connection (days) .. 29.1
Electric power outages for firms (number per month) .. 10.5
Ratio of paved to total roads (%) 0.8 12.1
Road density (road km per 100 km2 of land area) 3.2 6.9
Real interest rate (%) 13.0 ..
Domestic credit to private sector (% of GDP) 3.7 39.4
Corruption as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Firms that believe court system is fair, impartial, & uncorrupt (%) .. —
Crime, theft, and disorder as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Tax rates as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Finance as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Electricity as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Labor regulations as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Labor skill level as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Irrigated land (% of cropland) 0.8 3.5
Fertilizer consumption (100 grams per hectare of arable land) .. ..
Tractors per 100 hectares of arable land 0 13
Cereal crop yield (kg per hectare) 1,210.9 1,251.2
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) 44.0 41.2
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) 33.8 37.1
Terms of trade index (2000 = 100) 100.0 ..
Real effective exchange rate (2000 = 100) .. 109.8
Export diversification index (%) 1.1 ..
Foreign direct investment, net inflows ($ millions) .. ..
Workers' remittances received ($ millions) .. 6,055.6
Migrant remittance inflows ($ millions) .. 18,615.4
Capable states
IDA resource allocation index (1 low to 6 high) 2.5 —
Corruption Perceptions Index score (0 corrupt to 10 clean) 1.6 —
Control of corruption (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –1.5 —
Voice and accountability (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –1.5 —
Political stability (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –1.9 —
Government effectiveness (-2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –1.5 —
Regulatory quality (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –1.3 —
Rule of law (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –1.6 —
Combined polity score (–10 autocratic to 10 democratic) –2.0 —
Partnership
Net official development assistance (ODA) ($ millions) 416.2 35,688.7
Net ODA (% of GDP) 5.0 3.5
Net ODA per capita ($) 37.6 43.6
Net ODA from DAC donors ($ millions) 277.5 21,253.7
Net ODA from non-DAC bilateral donors ($ millions) 0.4 405.6
Net ODA from multilateral donors ($ millions) 138.4 14,029.4
Net ODA (% of central government expenditure) 85.7 24.9
PDI-1—Country with operational nat'l development strategies (A–F) C —
PDI-12—Existence of a mutual accountability review (A–F) .. —
Drivers of growth
Gross domestic savings (% of GDP) –8.1 33.6
Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 16.1 18.5
Private sector fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 8.1 12.9
Gross primary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) .. 96.8
Gross secondary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) .. ..
Gross tertiary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) .. ..
Public spending on education, total (% of gov't expenditure) 24.1 ..
Number of startup procedures to register a business 11.0 9
Time to start a business (days per procedure) 24 45
Cost to start a business (% of GNI per capita) 182.1 197.5
Time to register property (days) 24 80
Time to enforce a contract (days) 506 656
Protecting investors, disclosure index (0 low to 10 high) 6 5
Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (days) 100 302
Total tax rate (% of profit) 41.1 66.8
Average time to clear direct exports through customs (days) .. 10.1
Average time to clear imports through customs (days) .. 15.9
Rigidity of employment index (0 least rigid to 100 most rigid) 40 36
Delay for firms in obtaining electrical connection (days) .. 29.1
Electric power outages for firms (number per month) .. 10.5
Ratio of paved to total roads (%) 76.5 12.1
Road density (road km per 100 km2 of land area) 47.3 6.9
Real interest rate (%) 1.4 ..
Domestic credit to private sector (% of GDP) 11.5 39.4
Corruption as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Firms that believe court system is fair, impartial, & uncorrupt (%) .. —
Crime, theft, and disorder as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Tax rates as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Finance as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Electricity as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Labor regulations as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Labor skill level as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Irrigated land (% of cropland) .. 3.5
Fertilizer consumption (100 grams per hectare of arable land) .. ..
Tractors per 100 hectares of arable land 1 13
Cereal crop yield (kg per hectare) 1,312.5 1,251.2
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) 12.8 41.2
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) 36.9 37.1
Terms of trade index (2000 = 100) 100.0 ..
Real effective exchange rate (2000 = 100) .. 109.8
Export diversification index (%) 4.9 ..
Foreign direct investment, net inflows ($ millions) .. ..
Workers' remittances received ($ millions) .. 6,055.6
Migrant remittance inflows ($ millions) 12.0 18,615.4
Capable states
IDA resource allocation index (1 low to 6 high) 2.3 —
Corruption Perceptions Index score (0 corrupt to 10 clean) 2.5 —
Control of corruption (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.8 —
Voice and accountability (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.4 —
Political stability (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –1.0 —
Government effectiveness (-2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –1.9 —
Regulatory quality (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –1.5 —
Rule of law (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –1.0 —
Combined polity score (–10 autocratic to 10 democratic) 9.0 —
Partnership
Net official development assistance (ODA) ($ millions) 37.3 35,688.7
Net ODA (% of GDP) 7.0 3.5
Net ODA per capita ($) 57.9 43.6
Net ODA from DAC donors ($ millions) 20.8 21,253.7
Net ODA from non-DAC bilateral donors ($ millions) 1.2 405.6
Net ODA from multilateral donors ($ millions) 15.2 14,029.4
Net ODA (% of central government expenditure) 58.2 24.9
PDI-1—Country with operational nat'l development strategies (A–F) .. —
PDI-12—Existence of a mutual accountability review (A–F) .. —
Drivers of growth
Gross domestic savings (% of GDP) 6.9 33.6
Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 17.0 18.5
Private sector fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 10.1 12.9
Gross primary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) 85.1 96.8
Gross secondary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) 33.4 ..
Gross tertiary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) 4.1 ..
Public spending on education, total (% of gov't expenditure) .. ..
Number of startup procedures to register a business 13.0 9
Time to start a business (days per procedure) 149 45
Cost to start a business (% of GNI per capita) 391.0 197.5
Time to register property (days) 57 80
Time to enforce a contract (days) 625 656
Protecting investors, disclosure index (0 low to 10 high) 3 5
Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (days) 308 302
Total tax rate (% of profit) 322.0 66.8
Average time to clear direct exports through customs (days) .. 10.1
Average time to clear imports through customs (days) .. 15.9
Rigidity of employment index (0 least rigid to 100 most rigid) 63 36
Delay for firms in obtaining electrical connection (days) .. 29.1
Electric power outages for firms (number per month) .. 10.5
Ratio of paved to total roads (%) 1.8 12.1
Road density (road km per 100 km2 of land area) 6.8 6.9
Real interest rate (%) .. ..
Domestic credit to private sector (% of GDP) 3.7 39.4
Corruption as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Firms that believe court system is fair, impartial, & uncorrupt (%) .. —
Crime, theft, and disorder as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Tax rates as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Finance as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Electricity as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Labor regulations as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Labor skill level as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Irrigated land (% of cropland) 0.1 3.5
Fertilizer consumption (100 grams per hectare of arable land) .. ..
Tractors per 100 hectares of arable land 4 13
Cereal crop yield (kg per hectare) 772.7 1,251.2
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) 23.2 41.2
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) 33.3 37.1
Terms of trade index (2000 = 100) 134.5 ..
Real effective exchange rate (2000 = 100) 31.6 109.8
Export diversification index (%) 7.6 ..
Foreign direct investment, net inflows ($ millions) .. ..
Workers' remittances received ($ millions) .. 6,055.6
Migrant remittance inflows ($ millions) .. 18,615.4
Capable states
IDA resource allocation index (1 low to 6 high) 2.7 —
Corruption Perceptions Index score (0 corrupt to 10 clean) 1.7 —
Control of corruption (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –1.3 —
Voice and accountability (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –1.5 —
Political stability (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –2.3 —
Government effectiveness (-2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –1.9 —
Regulatory quality (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –1.4 —
Rule of law (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –1.7 —
Combined polity score (–10 autocratic to 10 democratic) 5.0 —
Partnership
Net official development assistance (ODA) ($ millions) 1,609.8 35,688.7
Net ODA (% of GDP) 13.9 3.5
Net ODA per capita ($) 25.1 43.6
Net ODA from DAC donors ($ millions) 944.4 21,253.7
Net ODA from non-DAC bilateral donors ($ millions) 7.9 405.6
Net ODA from multilateral donors ($ millions) 657.4 14,029.4
Net ODA (% of central government expenditure) 126.1 24.9
PDI-1—Country with operational nat'l development strategies (A–F) D —
PDI-12—Existence of a mutual accountability review (A–F) B —
Drivers of growth
Gross domestic savings (% of GDP) 57.2 33.6
Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 26.7 18.5
Private sector fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 15.8 12.9
Gross primary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) 105.9 96.8
Gross secondary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) .. ..
Gross tertiary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) .. ..
Public spending on education, total (% of gov't expenditure) 8.1 ..
Number of startup procedures to register a business 10.0 9
Time to start a business (days per procedure) 37 45
Cost to start a business (% of GNI per capita) 86.5 197.5
Time to register property (days) 116 80
Time to enforce a contract (days) 560 656
Protecting investors, disclosure index (0 low to 10 high) 6 5
Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (days) 606 302
Total tax rate (% of profit) 65.5 66.8
Average time to clear direct exports through customs (days) .. 10.1
Average time to clear imports through customs (days) 31.4 15.9
Rigidity of employment index (0 least rigid to 100 most rigid) 63 36
Delay for firms in obtaining electrical connection (days) 8.5 29.1
Electric power outages for firms (number per month) 25.3 10.5
Ratio of paved to total roads (%) 5.0 12.1
Road density (road km per 100 km2 of land area) 5.1 6.9
Real interest rate (%) 24.9 ..
Domestic credit to private sector (% of GDP) 3.5 39.4
Corruption as major constraint (% of firms) 65.0 —
Firms that believe court system is fair, impartial, & uncorrupt (%) 32.3 —
Crime, theft, and disorder as major constraint (% of firms) 44.1 —
Tax rates as major constraint (% of firms) 40.9 —
Finance as major constraint (% of firms) 44.8 —
Electricity as major constraint (% of firms) 71.1 —
Labor regulations as major constraint (% of firms) 24.5 —
Labor skill level as major constraint (% of firms) 51.5 —
Irrigated land (% of cropland) 0.4 3.5
Fertilizer consumption (100 grams per hectare of arable land) .. ..
Tractors per 100 hectares of arable land 14 13
Cereal crop yield (kg per hectare) 798.3 1,251.2
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) 73.0 41.2
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) 42.9 37.1
Terms of trade index (2000 = 100) .. ..
Real effective exchange rate (2000 = 100) .. 109.8
Export diversification index (%) 1.4 ..
Foreign direct investment, net inflows ($ millions) 2,638.4 ..
Workers' remittances received ($ millions) 5.7 6,055.6
Migrant remittance inflows ($ millions) 14.8 18,615.4
Capable states
IDA resource allocation index (1 low to 6 high) 2.7 —
Corruption Perceptions Index score (0 corrupt to 10 clean) 1.9 —
Control of corruption (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –1.2 —
Voice and accountability (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –1.2 —
Political stability (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.6 —
Government effectiveness (-2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –1.3 —
Regulatory quality (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –1.2 —
Rule of law (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –1.2 —
Combined polity score (–10 autocratic to 10 democratic) –4.0 —
Partnership
Net official development assistance (ODA) ($ millions) 505.0 35,688.7
Net ODA (% of GDP) 4.7 3.5
Net ODA per capita ($) 139.7 43.6
Net ODA from DAC donors ($ millions) 420.8 21,253.7
Net ODA from non-DAC bilateral donors ($ millions) 0.6 405.6
Net ODA from multilateral donors ($ millions) 83.6 14,029.4
Net ODA (% of central government expenditure) 11.0 24.9
PDI-1—Country with operational nat'l development strategies (A–F) .. —
PDI-12—Existence of a mutual accountability review (A–F) .. —
Drivers of growth
Gross domestic savings (% of GDP) 14.8 33.6
Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 10.1 18.5
Private sector fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 7.1 12.9
Gross primary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) 72.1 96.8
Gross secondary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) .. ..
Gross tertiary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) 7.9 ..
Public spending on education, total (% of gov't expenditure) 21.5 ..
Number of startup procedures to register a business 10.0 9
Time to start a business (days per procedure) 40 45
Cost to start a business (% of GNI per capita) 133.3 197.5
Time to register property (days) 62 80
Time to enforce a contract (days) 770 656
Protecting investors, disclosure index (0 low to 10 high) 6 5
Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (days) 270 302
Total tax rate (% of profit) 44.7 66.8
Average time to clear direct exports through customs (days) 16.6 10.1
Average time to clear imports through customs (days) 31.2 15.9
Rigidity of employment index (0 least rigid to 100 most rigid) 33 36
Delay for firms in obtaining electrical connection (days) 20.9 29.1
Electric power outages for firms (number per month) 4.5 10.5
Ratio of paved to total roads (%) 8.1 12.1
Road density (road km per 100 km2 of land area) 25.2 6.9
Real interest rate (%) .. ..
Domestic credit to private sector (% of GDP) 16.3 39.4
Corruption as major constraint (% of firms) 75.0 —
Firms that believe court system is fair, impartial, & uncorrupt (%) 35.3 —
Crime, theft, and disorder as major constraint (% of firms) 53.8 —
Tax rates as major constraint (% of firms) 30.5 —
Finance as major constraint (% of firms) 66.6 —
Electricity as major constraint (% of firms) 39.8 —
Labor regulations as major constraint (% of firms) 6.1 —
Labor skill level as major constraint (% of firms) 26.7 —
Irrigated land (% of cropland) 1.1 3.5
Fertilizer consumption (100 grams per hectare of arable land) 227.7 ..
Tractors per 100 hectares of arable land 33 13
Cereal crop yield (kg per hectare) 1,710.4 1,251.2
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) 51.1 41.2
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) 46.3 37.1
Terms of trade index (2000 = 100) 76.8 ..
Real effective exchange rate (2000 = 100) 123.3 109.8
Export diversification index (%) 7.7 ..
Foreign direct investment, net inflows ($ millions) 426.9 ..
Workers' remittances received ($ millions) 2.1 6,055.6
Migrant remittance inflows ($ millions) 179.4 18,615.4
Capable states
IDA resource allocation index (1 low to 6 high) 2.7 —
Corruption Perceptions Index score (0 corrupt to 10 clean) 2.0 —
Control of corruption (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –1.2 —
Voice and accountability (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –1.2 —
Political stability (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –1.9 —
Government effectiveness (-2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –1.4 —
Regulatory quality (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.9 —
Rule of law (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –1.5 —
Combined polity score (–10 autocratic to 10 democratic) 0.0 —
Partnership
Net official development assistance (ODA) ($ millions) 616.5 35,688.7
Net ODA (% of GDP) 2.6 3.5
Net ODA per capita ($) 29.9 43.6
Net ODA from DAC donors ($ millions) 192.9 21,253.7
Net ODA from non-DAC bilateral donors ($ millions) 4.3 405.6
Net ODA from multilateral donors ($ millions) 419.3 14,029.4
Net ODA (% of central government expenditure) 32.4 24.9
PDI-1—Country with operational nat'l development strategies (A–F) E —
PDI-12—Existence of a mutual accountability review (A–F) B —
Drivers of growth
Gross domestic savings (% of GDP) 18.1 33.6
Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 38.9 18.5
Private sector fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 26.2 12.9
Gross primary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) 55.5 96.8
Gross secondary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) 29.5 ..
Gross tertiary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) 2.6 ..
Public spending on education, total (% of gov't expenditure) 22.8 ..
Number of startup procedures to register a business 11.0 9
Time to start a business (days per procedure) 37 45
Cost to start a business (% of GNI per capita) 195.1 197.5
Time to register property (days) 40 80
Time to enforce a contract (days) 1,225 656
Protecting investors, disclosure index (0 low to 10 high) 5 5
Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (days) 114 302
Total tax rate (% of profit) 38.7 66.8
Average time to clear direct exports through customs (days) .. 10.1
Average time to clear imports through customs (days) .. 15.9
Rigidity of employment index (0 least rigid to 100 most rigid) 46 36
Delay for firms in obtaining electrical connection (days) .. 29.1
Electric power outages for firms (number per month) .. 10.5
Ratio of paved to total roads (%) 45.0 12.1
Road density (road km per 100 km2 of land area) 13.2 6.9
Real interest rate (%) 7.9 ..
Domestic credit to private sector (% of GDP) 27.8 39.4
Corruption as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Firms that believe court system is fair, impartial, & uncorrupt (%) .. —
Crime, theft, and disorder as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Tax rates as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Finance as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Electricity as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Labor regulations as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Labor skill level as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Irrigated land (% of cropland) .. 3.5
Fertilizer consumption (100 grams per hectare of arable land) .. ..
Tractors per 100 hectares of arable land 62 13
Cereal crop yield (kg per hectare) 1,666.6 1,251.2
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) 59.2 41.2
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) 80.0 37.1
Terms of trade index (2000 = 100) .. ..
Real effective exchange rate (2000 = 100) .. 109.8
Export diversification index (%) 5.9 ..
Foreign direct investment, net inflows ($ millions) 195.4 ..
Workers' remittances received ($ millions) 3.5 6,055.6
Migrant remittance inflows ($ millions) 28.6 18,615.4
Capable states
IDA resource allocation index (1 low to 6 high) 3.1 —
Corruption Perceptions Index score (0 corrupt to 10 clean) .. —
Control of corruption (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.3 —
Voice and accountability (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –1.1 —
Political stability (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.1 —
Government effectiveness (-2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –1.0 —
Regulatory quality (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.8 —
Rule of law (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.5 —
Combined polity score (–10 autocratic to 10 democratic) 2.0 —
Partnership
Net official development assistance (ODA) ($ millions) 120.9 35,688.7
Net ODA (% of GDP) 13.8 3.5
Net ODA per capita ($) 142.6 43.6
Net ODA from DAC donors ($ millions) 65.9 21,253.7
Net ODA from non-DAC bilateral donors ($ millions) 9.9 405.6
Net ODA from multilateral donors ($ millions) 45.1 14,029.4
Net ODA (% of central government expenditure) 52.8 24.9
PDI-1—Country with operational nat'l development strategies (A–F) .. —
PDI-12—Existence of a mutual accountability review (A–F) .. —
Drivers of growth
Gross domestic savings (% of GDP) 17.2 45.5
Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 23.7 23.4
Private sector fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 20.2 23.9
Gross primary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) 104.7 106.3
Gross secondary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) .. ..
Gross tertiary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) .. ..
Public spending on education, total (% of gov't expenditure) 12.6 20.5
Number of startup procedures to register a business 6.0 9.0
Time to start a business (days per procedure) 7 14
Cost to start a business (% of GNI per capita) 16.1 12.5
Time to register property (days) 72 51
Time to enforce a contract (days) 1,010 705
Protecting investors, disclosure index (0 low to 10 high) 8 6
Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (days) 480 379
Total tax rate (% of profit) 43.0 54.9
Average time to clear direct exports through customs (days) 8.7 9.8
Average time to clear imports through customs (days) 8.7 9.8
Rigidity of employment index (0 least rigid to 100 most rigid) 27 42
Delay for firms in obtaining electrical connection (days) 142.7 70.2
Electric power outages for firms (number per month) 8.7 5.4
Ratio of paved to total roads (%) 81.0 68.0
Road density (road km per 100 km2 of land area) 9.3 7.0
Real interest rate (%) 0.0 ..
Domestic credit to private sector (% of GDP) 42.8 34.4
Corruption as major constraint (% of firms) 7.3 —
Firms that believe court system is fair, impartial, & uncorrupt (%) .. —
Crime, theft, and disorder as major constraint (% of firms) 0.0 —
Tax rates as major constraint (% of firms) 49.5 —
Finance as major constraint (% of firms) 25.0 —
Electricity as major constraint (% of firms) 19.8 —
Labor regulations as major constraint (% of firms) 27.1 —
Labor skill level as major constraint (% of firms) 30.6 —
Irrigated land (% of cropland) 100.0 ..
Fertilizer consumption (100 grams per hectare of arable land) 4,455.3 893.4
Tractors per 100 hectares of arable land 330 143
Cereal crop yield (kg per hectare) 7,662.9 2,483.8
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) 37.7 46.4
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) 44.2 36.9
Terms of trade index (2000 = 100) 100.1 ..
Real effective exchange rate (2000 = 100) .. 85.0
Export diversification index (%) 17.2 ..
Foreign direct investment, net inflows ($ millions) 10,913.3 18,544.3
Workers' remittances received ($ millions) 7,655.8 12,090.6
Migrant remittance inflows ($ millions) 7,655.8 18,238.0
Capable states
IDA resource allocation index (1 low to 6 high) .. —
Corruption Perceptions Index score (0 corrupt to 10 clean) 2.8 —
Control of corruption (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.7 —
Voice and accountability (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –1.2 —
Political stability (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.7 —
Government effectiveness (-2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.4 —
Regulatory quality (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.2 —
Rule of law (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.1 —
Combined polity score (–10 autocratic to 10 democratic) –3.0 —
Partnership
Net official development assistance (ODA) ($ millions) 1,348.4 3,420.2
Net ODA (% of GDP) 0.8 0.6
Net ODA per capita ($) 16.5 20.9
Net ODA from DAC donors ($ millions) 959.8 2,112.9
Net ODA from non-DAC bilateral donors ($ millions) 114.5 168.1
Net ODA from multilateral donors ($ millions) 274.1 1,139.3
Net ODA (% of central government expenditure) 7.7 7.0
PDI-1—Country with operational nat'l development strategies (A–F) .. —
PDI-12—Existence of a mutual accountability review (A–F) B —
Drivers of growth
Gross domestic savings (% of GDP) 72.8 33.6
Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 28.2 18.5
Private sector fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 11.4 12.9
Gross primary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) 124.2 96.8
Gross secondary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) .. ..
Gross tertiary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) .. ..
Public spending on education, total (% of gov't expenditure) 4.0 ..
Number of startup procedures to register a business 20.0 9
Time to start a business (days per procedure) 136 45
Cost to start a business (% of GNI per capita) 100.4 197.5
Time to register property (days) 23 80
Time to enforce a contract (days) 553 656
Protecting investors, disclosure index (0 low to 10 high) 6 5
Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (days) 296 302
Total tax rate (% of profit) 59.5 66.8
Average time to clear direct exports through customs (days) .. 10.1
Average time to clear imports through customs (days) .. 15.9
Rigidity of employment index (0 least rigid to 100 most rigid) 66 36
Delay for firms in obtaining electrical connection (days) .. 29.1
Electric power outages for firms (number per month) .. 10.5
Ratio of paved to total roads (%) .. 12.1
Road density (road km per 100 km2 of land area) 10.3 6.9
Real interest rate (%) 16.4 ..
Domestic credit to private sector (% of GDP) 4.4 39.4
Corruption as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Firms that believe court system is fair, impartial, & uncorrupt (%) .. —
Crime, theft, and disorder as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Tax rates as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Finance as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Electricity as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Labor regulations as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Labor skill level as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Irrigated land (% of cropland) .. 3.5
Fertilizer consumption (100 grams per hectare of arable land) .. ..
Tractors per 100 hectares of arable land 18 13
Cereal crop yield (kg per hectare) .. 1,251.2
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) 78.3 41.2
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) 32.1 37.1
Terms of trade index (2000 = 100) .. ..
Real effective exchange rate (2000 = 100) 170.9 109.8
Export diversification index (%) 1.3 ..
Foreign direct investment, net inflows ($ millions) .. ..
Workers' remittances received ($ millions) .. 6,055.6
Migrant remittance inflows ($ millions) .. 18,615.4
Capable states
IDA resource allocation index (1 low to 6 high) .. —
Corruption Perceptions Index score (0 corrupt to 10 clean) 1.7 —
Control of corruption (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –1.6 —
Voice and accountability (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –1.9 —
Political stability (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.1 —
Government effectiveness (-2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –1.4 —
Regulatory quality (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –1.4 —
Rule of law (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –1.3 —
Combined polity score (–10 autocratic to 10 democratic) –5.0 —
Partnership
Net official development assistance (ODA) ($ millions) 37.6 35,688.7
Net ODA (% of GDP) 0.2 3.5
Net ODA per capita ($) 57.1 43.6
Net ODA from DAC donors ($ millions) 24.1 21,253.7
Net ODA from non-DAC bilateral donors ($ millions) 0.1 405.6
Net ODA from multilateral donors ($ millions) 13.5 14,029.4
Net ODA (% of central government expenditure) 7.7 24.9
PDI-1—Country with operational nat'l development strategies (A–F) .. —
PDI-12—Existence of a mutual accountability review (A–F) .. —
Drivers of growth
Gross domestic savings (% of GDP) –17.7 33.6
Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 10.6 18.5
Private sector fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 1.2 12.9
Gross primary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) 54.9 96.8
Gross secondary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) 29.2 ..
Gross tertiary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) .. ..
Public spending on education, total (% of gov't expenditure) .. ..
Number of startup procedures to register a business 13.0 9
Time to start a business (days per procedure) 84 45
Cost to start a business (% of GNI per capita) 76.5 197.5
Time to register property (days) 101 80
Time to enforce a contract (days) 405 656
Protecting investors, disclosure index (0 low to 10 high) 4 5
Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (days) 216 302
Total tax rate (% of profit) 84.5 66.8
Average time to clear direct exports through customs (days) .. 10.1
Average time to clear imports through customs (days) .. 15.9
Rigidity of employment index (0 least rigid to 100 most rigid) 20 36
Delay for firms in obtaining electrical connection (days) .. 29.1
Electric power outages for firms (number per month) .. 10.5
Ratio of paved to total roads (%) 21.8 12.1
Road density (road km per 100 km2 of land area) 4.0 6.9
Real interest rate (%) .. ..
Domestic credit to private sector (% of GDP) 25.6 39.4
Corruption as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Firms that believe court system is fair, impartial, & uncorrupt (%) .. —
Crime, theft, and disorder as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Tax rates as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Finance as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Electricity as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Labor regulations as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Labor skill level as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Irrigated land (% of cropland) 3.5 3.5
Fertilizer consumption (100 grams per hectare of arable land) 0.2 ..
Tractors per 100 hectares of arable land 7 13
Cereal crop yield (kg per hectare) 454.0 1,251.2
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) 6.3 41.2
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) 34.5 37.1
Terms of trade index (2000 = 100) 98.3 ..
Real effective exchange rate (2000 = 100) .. 109.8
Export diversification index (%) 2.1 ..
Foreign direct investment, net inflows ($ millions) .. ..
Workers' remittances received ($ millions) .. 6,055.6
Migrant remittance inflows ($ millions) 3.0 18,615.4
Capable states
IDA resource allocation index (1 low to 6 high) 2.3 —
Corruption Perceptions Index score (0 corrupt to 10 clean) 2.6 —
Control of corruption (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.4 —
Voice and accountability (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –2.2 —
Political stability (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.8 —
Government effectiveness (-2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –1.4 —
Regulatory quality (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –2.1 —
Rule of law (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –1.2 —
Combined polity score (–10 autocratic to 10 democratic) –7.0 —
Partnership
Net official development assistance (ODA) ($ millions) 143.1 35,688.7
Net ODA (% of GDP) 8.7 3.5
Net ODA per capita ($) 28.6 43.6
Net ODA from DAC donors ($ millions) 52.5 21,253.7
Net ODA from non-DAC bilateral donors ($ millions) 6.9 405.6
Net ODA from multilateral donors ($ millions) 83.8 14,029.4
Net ODA (% of central government expenditure) 36.4 24.9
PDI-1—Country with operational nat'l development strategies (A–F) .. —
PDI-12—Existence of a mutual accountability review (A–F) .. —
Drivers of growth
Gross domestic savings (% of GDP) 3.8 33.6
Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 20.8 18.5
Private sector fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 5.9 12.9
Gross primary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) 90.8 96.8
Gross secondary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) 30.5 ..
Gross tertiary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) 2.7 ..
Public spending on education, total (% of gov't expenditure) 23.3 ..
Number of startup procedures to register a business 5.0 9
Time to start a business (days per procedure) 9 45
Cost to start a business (% of GNI per capita) 18.9 197.5
Time to register property (days) 41 80
Time to enforce a contract (days) 620 656
Protecting investors, disclosure index (0 low to 10 high) 4 5
Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (days) 198 302
Total tax rate (% of profit) 31.1 66.8
Average time to clear direct exports through customs (days) .. 10.1
Average time to clear imports through customs (days) .. 15.9
Rigidity of employment index (0 least rigid to 100 most rigid) 28 36
Delay for firms in obtaining electrical connection (days) .. 29.1
Electric power outages for firms (number per month) .. 10.5
Ratio of paved to total roads (%) 12.8 12.1
Road density (road km per 100 km2 of land area) 4.2 6.9
Real interest rate (%) .. ..
Domestic credit to private sector (% of GDP) .. 39.4
Corruption as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Firms that believe court system is fair, impartial, & uncorrupt (%) .. —
Crime, theft, and disorder as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Tax rates as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Finance as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Electricity as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Labor regulations as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Labor skill level as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Irrigated land (% of cropland) 2.5 3.5
Fertilizer consumption (100 grams per hectare of arable land) 139.5 ..
Tractors per 100 hectares of arable land 2 13
Cereal crop yield (kg per hectare) 1,720.4 1,251.2
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) 11.6 41.2
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) 28.6 37.1
Terms of trade index (2000 = 100) 82.9 ..
Real effective exchange rate (2000 = 100) .. 109.8
Export diversification index (%) 4.7 ..
Foreign direct investment, net inflows ($ millions) 222.0 ..
Workers' remittances received ($ millions) 355.9 6,055.6
Migrant remittance inflows ($ millions) 357.8 18,615.4
Capable states
IDA resource allocation index (1 low to 6 high) 3.4 —
Corruption Perceptions Index score (0 corrupt to 10 clean) 2.6 —
Control of corruption (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.7 —
Voice and accountability (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –1.3 —
Political stability (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –1.8 —
Government effectiveness (-2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.4 —
Regulatory quality (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.9 —
Rule of law (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.6 —
Combined polity score (–10 autocratic to 10 democratic) 1.0 —
Partnership
Net official development assistance (ODA) ($ millions) 3,327.5 35,688.7
Net ODA (% of GDP) 12.6 3.5
Net ODA per capita ($) 41.2 43.6
Net ODA from DAC donors ($ millions) 1,839.0 21,253.7
Net ODA from non-DAC bilateral donors ($ millions) 35.4 405.6
Net ODA from multilateral donors ($ millions) 1,453.1 14,029.4
Net ODA (% of central government expenditure) 110.9 24.9
PDI-1—Country with operational nat'l development strategies (A–F) B —
PDI-12—Existence of a mutual accountability review (A–F) A —
Drivers of growth
Gross domestic savings (% of GDP) 66.3 33.6
Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 27.3 18.5
Private sector fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 23.0 12.9
Gross primary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) .. 96.8
Gross secondary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) .. ..
Gross tertiary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) .. ..
Public spending on education, total (% of gov't expenditure) .. ..
Number of startup procedures to register a business 9.0 9
Time to start a business (days per procedure) 58 45
Cost to start a business (% of GNI per capita) 17.8 197.5
Time to register property (days) 39 80
Time to enforce a contract (days) 1,070 656
Protecting investors, disclosure index (0 low to 10 high) 6 5
Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (days) 272 302
Total tax rate (% of profit) 44.7 66.8
Average time to clear direct exports through customs (days) 3.8 10.1
Average time to clear imports through customs (days) 10.3 15.9
Rigidity of employment index (0 least rigid to 100 most rigid) 52 36
Delay for firms in obtaining electrical connection (days) 34.5 29.1
Electric power outages for firms (number per month) 7.8 10.5
Ratio of paved to total roads (%) 10.2 12.1
Road density (road km per 100 km2 of land area) 3.6 6.9
Real interest rate (%) 9.3 ..
Domestic credit to private sector (% of GDP) 8.6 39.4
Corruption as major constraint (% of firms) 41.4 —
Firms that believe court system is fair, impartial, & uncorrupt (%) 41.3 —
Crime, theft, and disorder as major constraint (% of firms) 34.1 —
Tax rates as major constraint (% of firms) 30.9 —
Finance as major constraint (% of firms) 30.4 —
Electricity as major constraint (% of firms) 58.0 —
Labor regulations as major constraint (% of firms) 16.4 —
Labor skill level as major constraint (% of firms) 42.7 —
Irrigated land (% of cropland) 1.4 3.5
Fertilizer consumption (100 grams per hectare of arable land) 84.6 ..
Tractors per 100 hectares of arable land 29 13
Cereal crop yield (kg per hectare) 1,663.4 1,251.2
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) 77.2 41.2
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) 38.2 37.1
Terms of trade index (2000 = 100) 185.7 ..
Real effective exchange rate (2000 = 100) 109.8 109.8
Export diversification index (%) 1.9 ..
Foreign direct investment, net inflows ($ millions) .. ..
Workers' remittances received ($ millions) 1.5 6,055.6
Migrant remittance inflows ($ millions) 11.0 18,615.4
Capable states
IDA resource allocation index (1 low to 6 high) .. —
Corruption Perceptions Index score (0 corrupt to 10 clean) 3.1 —
Control of corruption (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –1.1 —
Voice and accountability (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.8 —
Political stability (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) 0.2 —
Government effectiveness (-2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.7 —
Regulatory quality (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.7 —
Rule of law (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.6 —
Combined polity score (–10 autocratic to 10 democratic) –4.0 —
Partnership
Net official development assistance (ODA) ($ millions) 54.5 35,688.7
Net ODA (% of GDP) 0.4 3.5
Net ODA per capita ($) 37.6 43.6
Net ODA from DAC donors ($ millions) 37.6 21,253.7
Net ODA from non-DAC bilateral donors ($ millions) 0.7 405.6
Net ODA from multilateral donors ($ millions) 16.2 14,029.4
Net ODA (% of central government expenditure) 4.8 24.9
PDI-1—Country with operational nat'l development strategies (A–F) .. —
PDI-12—Existence of a mutual accountability review (A–F) B —
Drivers of growth
Gross domestic savings (% of GDP) 6.2 33.6
Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) .. 18.5
Private sector fixed capital formation (% of GDP) .. 12.9
Gross primary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) 83.4 96.8
Gross secondary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) 48.6 ..
Gross tertiary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) .. ..
Public spending on education, total (% of gov't expenditure) 8.9 ..
Number of startup procedures to register a business 8.0 9
Time to start a business (days per procedure) 27 45
Cost to start a business (% of GNI per capita) 215.1 197.5
Time to register property (days) 371 80
Time to enforce a contract (days) 434 656
Protecting investors, disclosure index (0 low to 10 high) 2 5
Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (days) 376 302
Total tax rate (% of profit) 292.4 66.8
Average time to clear direct exports through customs (days) .. 10.1
Average time to clear imports through customs (days) .. 15.9
Rigidity of employment index (0 least rigid to 100 most rigid) 27 36
Delay for firms in obtaining electrical connection (days) .. 29.1
Electric power outages for firms (number per month) .. 10.5
Ratio of paved to total roads (%) 19.3 12.1
Road density (road km per 100 km2 of land area) 37.4 6.9
Real interest rate (%) 21.0 ..
Domestic credit to private sector (% of GDP) 16.2 39.4
Corruption as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Firms that believe court system is fair, impartial, & uncorrupt (%) .. —
Crime, theft, and disorder as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Tax rates as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Finance as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Electricity as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Labor regulations as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Labor skill level as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Irrigated land (% of cropland) 0.6 3.5
Fertilizer consumption (100 grams per hectare of arable land) 5.0 ..
Tractors per 100 hectares of arable land 3 13
Cereal crop yield (kg per hectare) 1,299.6 1,251.2
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) 30.1 41.2
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) 49.0 37.1
Terms of trade index (2000 = 100) 71.2 ..
Real effective exchange rate (2000 = 100) 68.3 109.8
Export diversification index (%) 6.6 ..
Foreign direct investment, net inflows ($ millions) 68.5 ..
Workers' remittances received ($ millions) 45.7 6,055.6
Migrant remittance inflows ($ millions) 47.3 18,615.4
Capable states
IDA resource allocation index (1 low to 6 high) 3.2 —
Corruption Perceptions Index score (0 corrupt to 10 clean) 1.9 —
Control of corruption (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.8 —
Voice and accountability (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –1.0 —
Political stability (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) 0.1 —
Government effectiveness (-2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.8 —
Regulatory quality (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.4 —
Rule of law (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.3 —
Combined polity score (–10 autocratic to 10 democratic) –5.0 —
Partnership
Net official development assistance (ODA) ($ millions) 93.8 35,688.7
Net ODA (% of GDP) 12.0 3.5
Net ODA per capita ($) 56.5 43.6
Net ODA from DAC donors ($ millions) 27.8 21,253.7
Net ODA from non-DAC bilateral donors ($ millions) 4.4 405.6
Net ODA from multilateral donors ($ millions) 61.6 14,029.4
Net ODA (% of central government expenditure) 76.0 24.9
PDI-1—Country with operational nat'l development strategies (A–F) .. —
PDI-12—Existence of a mutual accountability review (A–F) .. —
Drivers of growth
Gross domestic savings (% of GDP) 5.6 33.6
Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 32.0 18.5
Private sector fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 18.1 12.9
Gross primary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) 103.7 96.8
Gross secondary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) 53.3 ..
Gross tertiary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) 5.8 ..
Public spending on education, total (% of gov't expenditure) .. ..
Number of startup procedures to register a business 8.0 9
Time to start a business (days per procedure) 33 45
Cost to start a business (% of GNI per capita) 26.4 197.5
Time to register property (days) 34 80
Time to enforce a contract (days) 487 656
Protecting investors, disclosure index (0 low to 10 high) 7 5
Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (days) 224 302
Total tax rate (% of profit) 32.7 66.8
Average time to clear direct exports through customs (days) 6.8 10.1
Average time to clear imports through customs (days) 6.8 15.9
Rigidity of employment index (0 least rigid to 100 most rigid) 27 36
Delay for firms in obtaining electrical connection (days) 24.4 29.1
Electric power outages for firms (number per month) 9.7 10.5
Ratio of paved to total roads (%) 14.9 12.1
Road density (road km per 100 km2 of land area) 25.3 6.9
Real interest rate (%) .. ..
Domestic credit to private sector (% of GDP) .. 39.4
Corruption as major constraint (% of firms) 38.8 —
Firms that believe court system is fair, impartial, & uncorrupt (%) 59.8 —
Crime, theft, and disorder as major constraint (% of firms) 0.9 —
Tax rates as major constraint (% of firms) 30.6 —
Finance as major constraint (% of firms) 66.2 —
Electricity as major constraint (% of firms) 86.2 —
Labor regulations as major constraint (% of firms) 1.7 —
Labor skill level as major constraint (% of firms) 4.6 —
Irrigated land (% of cropland) 0.5 3.5
Fertilizer consumption (100 grams per hectare of arable land) 126.5 ..
Tractors per 100 hectares of arable land 9 13
Cereal crop yield (kg per hectare) 1,327.5 1,251.2
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) 36.8 41.2
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) 63.2 37.1
Terms of trade index (2000 = 100) 107.9 ..
Real effective exchange rate (2000 = 100) 109.2 109.8
Export diversification index (%) 4.5 ..
Foreign direct investment, net inflows ($ millions) 970.4 ..
Workers' remittances received ($ millions) 117.4 6,055.6
Migrant remittance inflows ($ millions) 117.4 18,615.4
Capable states
IDA resource allocation index (1 low to 6 high) 3.9 —
Corruption Perceptions Index score (0 corrupt to 10 clean) 3.6 —
Control of corruption (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.1 —
Voice and accountability (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) 0.5 —
Political stability (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) 0.1 —
Government effectiveness (-2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.1 —
Regulatory quality (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) 0.1 —
Rule of law (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.1 —
Combined polity score (–10 autocratic to 10 democratic) 8.0 —
Partnership
Net official development assistance (ODA) ($ millions) 1,293.3 35,688.7
Net ODA (% of GDP) 8.0 3.5
Net ODA per capita ($) 55.4 43.6
Net ODA from DAC donors ($ millions) 723.2 21,253.7
Net ODA from non-DAC bilateral donors ($ millions) 6.2 405.6
Net ODA from multilateral donors ($ millions) 564.0 14,029.4
Net ODA (% of central government expenditure) 59.0 24.9
PDI-1—Country with operational nat'l development strategies (A–F) B —
PDI-12—Existence of a mutual accountability review (A–F) A —
Drivers of growth
Gross domestic savings (% of GDP) 10.5 33.6
Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 12.7 18.5
Private sector fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 9.9 12.9
Gross primary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) 90.8 96.8
Gross secondary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) 37.6 ..
Gross tertiary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) .. ..
Public spending on education, total (% of gov't expenditure) 25.6 ..
Number of startup procedures to register a business 13.0 9
Time to start a business (days per procedure) 41 45
Cost to start a business (% of GNI per capita) 139.2 197.5
Time to register property (days) 104 80
Time to enforce a contract (days) 276 656
Protecting investors, disclosure index (0 low to 10 high) 6 5
Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (days) 416 302
Total tax rate (% of profit) 49.9 66.8
Average time to clear direct exports through customs (days) .. 10.1
Average time to clear imports through customs (days) .. 15.9
Rigidity of employment index (0 least rigid to 100 most rigid) 24 36
Delay for firms in obtaining electrical connection (days) .. 29.1
Electric power outages for firms (number per month) .. 10.5
Ratio of paved to total roads (%) 9.8 12.1
Road density (road km per 100 km2 of land area) 18.0 6.9
Real interest rate (%) .. ..
Domestic credit to private sector (% of GDP) .. 39.4
Corruption as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Firms that believe court system is fair, impartial, & uncorrupt (%) .. —
Crime, theft, and disorder as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Tax rates as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Finance as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Electricity as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Labor regulations as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Labor skill level as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Irrigated land (% of cropland) 5.4 3.5
Fertilizer consumption (100 grams per hectare of arable land) 13.3 ..
Tractors per 100 hectares of arable land 27 13
Cereal crop yield (kg per hectare) 1,436.8 1,251.2
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) 27.8 41.2
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) 30.0 37.1
Terms of trade index (2000 = 100) 90.2 ..
Real effective exchange rate (2000 = 100) .. 109.8
Export diversification index (%) 3.2 ..
Foreign direct investment, net inflows ($ millions) 385.9 ..
Workers' remittances received ($ millions) 15.1 6,055.6
Migrant remittance inflows ($ millions) 150.7 18,615.4
Capable states
IDA resource allocation index (1 low to 6 high) 3.0 —
Corruption Perceptions Index score (0 corrupt to 10 clean) 1.6 —
Control of corruption (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –1.4 —
Voice and accountability (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –1.3 —
Political stability (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –1.9 —
Government effectiveness (-2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –1.4 —
Regulatory quality (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –1.2 —
Rule of law (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –1.6 —
Combined polity score (–10 autocratic to 10 democratic) –1.0 —
Partnership
Net official development assistance (ODA) ($ millions) 319.0 35,688.7
Net ODA (% of GDP) 7.5 3.5
Net ODA per capita ($) 32.4 43.6
Net ODA from DAC donors ($ millions) 208.9 21,253.7
Net ODA from non-DAC bilateral donors ($ millions) 1.5 405.6
Net ODA from multilateral donors ($ millions) 108.5 14,029.4
Net ODA (% of central government expenditure) 153.7 24.9
PDI-1—Country with operational nat'l development strategies (A–F) .. —
PDI-12—Existence of a mutual accountability review (A–F) .. —
Drivers of growth
Gross domestic savings (% of GDP) 4.9 33.6
Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 23.8 18.5
Private sector fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 10.6 12.9
Gross primary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) .. 96.8
Gross secondary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) .. ..
Gross tertiary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) .. ..
Public spending on education, total (% of gov't expenditure) 11.9 ..
Number of startup procedures to register a business 16.0 9
Time to start a business (days per procedure) 213 45
Cost to start a business (% of GNI per capita) 323.0 197.5
Time to register property (days) 211 80
Time to enforce a contract (days) 1,140 656
Protecting investors, disclosure index (0 low to 10 high) 6 5
Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (days) 208 302
Total tax rate (% of profit) 45.9 66.8
Average time to clear direct exports through customs (days) .. 10.1
Average time to clear imports through customs (days) .. 15.9
Rigidity of employment index (0 least rigid to 100 most rigid) 54 36
Delay for firms in obtaining electrical connection (days) .. 29.1
Electric power outages for firms (number per month) .. 10.5
Ratio of paved to total roads (%) 27.9 12.1
Road density (road km per 100 km2 of land area) 12.3 6.9
Real interest rate (%) .. ..
Domestic credit to private sector (% of GDP) 9.1 39.4
Corruption as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Firms that believe court system is fair, impartial, & uncorrupt (%) .. —
Crime, theft, and disorder as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Tax rates as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Finance as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Electricity as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Labor regulations as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Labor skill level as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Irrigated land (% of cropland) 4.5 3.5
Fertilizer consumption (100 grams per hectare of arable land) .. ..
Tractors per 100 hectares of arable land 1 13
Cereal crop yield (kg per hectare) 1,471.6 1,251.2
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) 29.8 41.2
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) 49.8 37.1
Terms of trade index (2000 = 100) 79.3 ..
Real effective exchange rate (2000 = 100) .. 109.8
Export diversification index (%) 1.2 ..
Foreign direct investment, net inflows ($ millions) .. ..
Workers' remittances received ($ millions) 26.9 6,055.6
Migrant remittance inflows ($ millions) 29.0 18,615.4
Capable states
IDA resource allocation index (1 low to 6 high) 2.6 —
Corruption Perceptions Index score (0 corrupt to 10 clean) 1.9 —
Control of corruption (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –1.2 —
Voice and accountability (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.8 —
Political stability (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.4 —
Government effectiveness (-2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –1.3 —
Regulatory quality (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –1.2 —
Rule of law (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –1.4 —
Combined polity score (–10 autocratic to 10 democratic) 6.0 —
Partnership
Net official development assistance (ODA) ($ millions) 131.6 35,688.7
Net ODA (% of GDP) 30.6 3.5
Net ODA per capita ($) 83.5 43.6
Net ODA from DAC donors ($ millions) 52.6 21,253.7
Net ODA from non-DAC bilateral donors ($ millions) 0.7 405.6
Net ODA from multilateral donors ($ millions) 78.3 14,029.4
Net ODA (% of central government expenditure) 221.0 24.9
PDI-1—Country with operational nat'l development strategies (A–F) .. —
PDI-12—Existence of a mutual accountability review (A–F) .. —
Drivers of growth
Gross domestic savings (% of GDP) 10.6 33.6
Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 24.7 18.5
Private sector fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 20.4 12.9
Gross primary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) 112.6 96.8
Gross secondary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) 52.8 ..
Gross tertiary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) 3.5 ..
Public spending on education, total (% of gov't expenditure) 17.9 ..
Number of startup procedures to register a business 12.0 9
Time to start a business (days per procedure) 34 45
Cost to start a business (% of GNI per capita) 36.5 197.5
Time to register property (days) 64 80
Time to enforce a contract (days) 465 656
Protecting investors, disclosure index (0 low to 10 high) 3 5
Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (days) 417 302
Total tax rate (% of profit) 49.7 66.8
Average time to clear direct exports through customs (days) 12.0 10.1
Average time to clear imports through customs (days) 12.0 15.9
Rigidity of employment index (0 least rigid to 100 most rigid) 17 36
Delay for firms in obtaining electrical connection (days) 40.5 29.1
Electric power outages for firms (number per month) 7.3 10.5
Ratio of paved to total roads (%) 14.1 12.1
Road density (road km per 100 km2 of land area) 11.1 6.9
Real interest rate (%) –10.2 ..
Domestic credit to private sector (% of GDP) 26.4 39.4
Corruption as major constraint (% of firms) 79.2 —
Firms that believe court system is fair, impartial, & uncorrupt (%) 22.3 —
Crime, theft, and disorder as major constraint (% of firms) 3.9 —
Tax rates as major constraint (% of firms) 58.2 —
Finance as major constraint (% of firms) 41.8 —
Electricity as major constraint (% of firms) 27.6 —
Labor regulations as major constraint (% of firms) 4.3 —
Labor skill level as major constraint (% of firms) 3.3 —
Irrigated land (% of cropland) 1.8 3.5
Fertilizer consumption (100 grams per hectare of arable land) 367.2 ..
Tractors per 100 hectares of arable land 26 13
Cereal crop yield (kg per hectare) 1,857.0 1,251.2
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) 24.9 41.2
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) 39.0 37.1
Terms of trade index (2000 = 100) 119.9 ..
Real effective exchange rate (2000 = 100) .. 109.8
Export diversification index (%) 21.9 ..
Foreign direct investment, net inflows ($ millions) 691.7 ..
Workers' remittances received ($ millions) 645.2 6,055.6
Migrant remittance inflows ($ millions) 1,588.0 18,615.4
Capable states
IDA resource allocation index (1 low to 6 high) 3.6 —
Corruption Perceptions Index score (0 corrupt to 10 clean) 3.5 —
Control of corruption (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –1.0 —
Voice and accountability (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.2 —
Political stability (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –1.3 —
Government effectiveness (-2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.6 —
Regulatory quality (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.1 —
Rule of law (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –1.0 —
Combined polity score (–10 autocratic to 10 democratic) 7.0 —
Partnership
Net official development assistance (ODA) ($ millions) 1,360.4 35,688.7
Net ODA (% of GDP) 3.9 3.5
Net ODA per capita ($) 35.3 43.6
Net ODA from DAC donors ($ millions) 951.4 21,253.7
Net ODA from non-DAC bilateral donors ($ millions) 3.7 405.6
Net ODA from multilateral donors ($ millions) 405.3 14,029.4
Net ODA (% of central government expenditure) 36.5 24.9
PDI-1—Country with operational nat'l development strategies (A–F) C —
PDI-12—Existence of a mutual accountability review (A–F) B —
Drivers of growth
Gross domestic savings (% of GDP) –34.7 33.6
Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 28.8 18.5
Private sector fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 17.5 12.9
Gross primary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) .. 96.8
Gross secondary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) .. ..
Gross tertiary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) .. ..
Public spending on education, total (% of gov't expenditure) 29.8 ..
Number of startup procedures to register a business 7.0 9
Time to start a business (days per procedure) 40 45
Cost to start a business (% of GNI per capita) 27.0 197.5
Time to register property (days) 101 80
Time to enforce a contract (days) 695 656
Protecting investors, disclosure index (0 low to 10 high) 2 5
Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (days) 324 302
Total tax rate (% of profit) 18.5 66.8
Average time to clear direct exports through customs (days) 5.4 10.1
Average time to clear imports through customs (days) 4.4 15.9
Rigidity of employment index (0 least rigid to 100 most rigid) 14 36
Delay for firms in obtaining electrical connection (days) 13.9 29.1
Electric power outages for firms (number per month) 7.2 10.5
Ratio of paved to total roads (%) 18.3 12.1
Road density (road km per 100 km2 of land area) 19.6 6.9
Real interest rate (%) 6.0 ..
Domestic credit to private sector (% of GDP) 10.9 39.4
Corruption as major constraint (% of firms) 46.7 —
Firms that believe court system is fair, impartial, & uncorrupt (%) 33.2 —
Crime, theft, and disorder as major constraint (% of firms) 33.5 —
Tax rates as major constraint (% of firms) 47.1 —
Finance as major constraint (% of firms) 28.6 —
Electricity as major constraint (% of firms) 44.3 —
Labor regulations as major constraint (% of firms) 11.3 —
Labor skill level as major constraint (% of firms) 16.5 —
Irrigated land (% of cropland) 0.9 3.5
Fertilizer consumption (100 grams per hectare of arable land) .. ..
Tractors per 100 hectares of arable land 67 13
Cereal crop yield (kg per hectare) 463.0 1,251.2
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) 47.3 41.2
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) 110.8 37.1
Terms of trade index (2000 = 100) 154.5 ..
Real effective exchange rate (2000 = 100) 117.0 109.8
Export diversification index (%) 6.6 ..
Foreign direct investment, net inflows ($ millions) 130.3 ..
Workers' remittances received ($ millions) 12.9 6,055.6
Migrant remittance inflows ($ millions) 443.3 18,615.4
Capable states
IDA resource allocation index (1 low to 6 high) 3.5 —
Corruption Perceptions Index score (0 corrupt to 10 clean) 3.2 —
Control of corruption (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) 0.0 —
Voice and accountability (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) 0.0 —
Political stability (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) 0.0 —
Government effectiveness (-2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.3 —
Regulatory quality (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.6 —
Rule of law (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.3 —
Combined polity score (–10 autocratic to 10 democratic) 8.0 —
Partnership
Net official development assistance (ODA) ($ millions) 143.4 35,688.7
Net ODA (% of GDP) 8.8 3.5
Net ODA per capita ($) 71.1 43.6
Net ODA from DAC donors ($ millions) 66.0 21,253.7
Net ODA from non-DAC bilateral donors ($ millions) –0.3 405.6
Net ODA from multilateral donors ($ millions) 77.7 14,029.4
Net ODA (% of central government expenditure) 33.0 24.9
PDI-1—Country with operational nat'l development strategies (A–F) .. —
PDI-12—Existence of a mutual accountability review (A–F) .. —
Drivers of growth
Gross domestic savings (% of GDP) –30.5 33.6
Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) .. 18.5
Private sector fixed capital formation (% of GDP) .. 12.9
Gross primary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) 83.4 96.8
Gross secondary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) .. ..
Gross tertiary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) .. ..
Public spending on education, total (% of gov't expenditure) .. ..
Number of startup procedures to register a business 5.0 9
Time to start a business (days per procedure) 20 45
Cost to start a business (% of GNI per capita) 52.9 197.5
Time to register property (days) 50 80
Time to enforce a contract (days) 1,280 656
Protecting investors, disclosure index (0 low to 10 high) 4 5
Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (days) 158 302
Total tax rate (% of profit) 43.7 66.8
Average time to clear direct exports through customs (days) .. 10.1
Average time to clear imports through customs (days) 6.7 15.9
Rigidity of employment index (0 least rigid to 100 most rigid) 27 36
Delay for firms in obtaining electrical connection (days) .. 29.1
Electric power outages for firms (number per month) 5.6 10.5
Ratio of paved to total roads (%) 6.2 12.1
Road density (road km per 100 km2 of land area) 11.0 6.9
Real interest rate (%) –0.8 ..
Domestic credit to private sector (% of GDP) 10.0 39.4
Corruption as major constraint (% of firms) 31.2 —
Firms that believe court system is fair, impartial, & uncorrupt (%) 44.3 —
Crime, theft, and disorder as major constraint (% of firms) 26.8 —
Tax rates as major constraint (% of firms) 19.0 —
Finance as major constraint (% of firms) 35.0 —
Electricity as major constraint (% of firms) 59.1 —
Labor regulations as major constraint (% of firms) 2.6 —
Labor skill level as major constraint (% of firms) 5.1 —
Irrigated land (% of cropland) 0.5 3.5
Fertilizer consumption (100 grams per hectare of arable land) .. ..
Tractors per 100 hectares of arable land 8 13
Cereal crop yield (kg per hectare) 1,290.0 1,251.2
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) 33.3 41.2
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) 83.8 37.1
Terms of trade index (2000 = 100) .. ..
Real effective exchange rate (2000 = 100) .. 109.8
Export diversification index (%) 3.5 ..
Foreign direct investment, net inflows ($ millions) 131.6 ..
Workers' remittances received ($ millions) 0.0 6,055.6
Migrant remittance inflows ($ millions) 64.6 18,615.4
Capable states
IDA resource allocation index (1 low to 6 high) .. —
Corruption Perceptions Index score (0 corrupt to 10 clean) 3.7 —
Control of corruption (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.6 —
Voice and accountability (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.3 —
Political stability (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –1.0 —
Government effectiveness (-2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –1.4 —
Regulatory quality (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –1.3 —
Rule of law (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –1.2 —
Combined polity score (–10 autocratic to 10 democratic) 6.0 —
Partnership
Net official development assistance (ODA) ($ millions) 1,250.4 35,688.7
Net ODA (% of GDP) 143.7 3.5
Net ODA per capita ($) 329.6 43.6
Net ODA from DAC donors ($ millions) 808.9 21,253.7
Net ODA from non-DAC bilateral donors ($ millions) 37.3 405.6
Net ODA from multilateral donors ($ millions) 404.2 14,029.4
Net ODA (% of central government expenditure) 652.4 24.9
PDI-1—Country with operational nat'l development strategies (A–F) D —
PDI-12—Existence of a mutual accountability review (A–F) B —
Drivers of growth
Gross domestic savings (% of GDP) .. 45.5
Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) .. 23.4
Private sector fixed capital formation (% of GDP) .. 23.9
Gross primary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) .. 106.3
Gross secondary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) .. ..
Gross tertiary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) .. ..
Public spending on education, total (% of gov't expenditure) .. 20.5
Number of startup procedures to register a business .. 9.0
Time to start a business (days per procedure) .. 14
Cost to start a business (% of GNI per capita) .. 12.5
Time to register property (days) .. 51
Time to enforce a contract (days) .. 705
Protecting investors, disclosure index (0 low to 10 high) .. 6
Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (days) .. 379
Total tax rate (% of profit) .. 54.9
Average time to clear direct exports through customs (days) .. 9.8
Average time to clear imports through customs (days) .. 9.8
Rigidity of employment index (0 least rigid to 100 most rigid) .. 42
Delay for firms in obtaining electrical connection (days) .. 70.2
Electric power outages for firms (number per month) .. 5.4
Ratio of paved to total roads (%) 57.2 68.0
Road density (road km per 100 km2 of land area) 4.7 7.0
Real interest rate (%) –31.8 ..
Domestic credit to private sector (% of GDP) 6.3 34.4
Corruption as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Firms that believe court system is fair, impartial, & uncorrupt (%) .. —
Crime, theft, and disorder as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Tax rates as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Finance as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Electricity as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Labor regulations as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Labor skill level as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Irrigated land (% of cropland) 21.9 ..
Fertilizer consumption (100 grams per hectare of arable land) 421.4 893.4
Tractors per 100 hectares of arable land 227 143
Cereal crop yield (kg per hectare) 636.8 2,483.8
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) .. 46.4
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) .. 36.9
Terms of trade index (2000 = 100) .. ..
Real effective exchange rate (2000 = 100) .. 85.0
Export diversification index (%) 1.3 ..
Foreign direct investment, net inflows ($ millions) 3,921.8 18,544.3
Workers' remittances received ($ millions) 6.0 12,090.6
Migrant remittance inflows ($ millions) 16.0 18,238.0
Capable states
IDA resource allocation index (1 low to 6 high) .. —
Corruption Perceptions Index score (0 corrupt to 10 clean) 2.6 —
Control of corruption (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.8 —
Voice and accountability (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –1.9 —
Political stability (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) 0.5 —
Government effectiveness (-2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.8 —
Regulatory quality (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.9 —
Rule of law (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.7 —
Combined polity score (–10 autocratic to 10 democratic) –7.0 —
Partnership
Net official development assistance (ODA) ($ millions) 60.2 3,420.2
Net ODA (% of GDP) 0.1 0.6
Net ODA per capita ($) 9.6 20.9
Net ODA from DAC donors ($ millions) 51.7 2,112.9
Net ODA from non-DAC bilateral donors ($ millions) 2.4 168.1
Net ODA from multilateral donors ($ millions) 6.1 1,139.3
Net ODA (% of central government expenditure) .. 7.0
PDI-1—Country with operational nat'l development strategies (A–F) .. —
PDI-12—Existence of a mutual accountability review (A–F) .. —
Drivers of growth
Gross domestic savings (% of GDP) 10.4 33.6
Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 35.7 18.5
Private sector fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 25.9 12.9
Gross primary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) 141.4 96.8
Gross secondary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) 26.4 ..
Gross tertiary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) 3.2 ..
Public spending on education, total (% of gov't expenditure) 16.4 ..
Number of startup procedures to register a business 2.0 9
Time to start a business (days per procedure) 7 45
Cost to start a business (% of GNI per capita) 7.1 197.5
Time to register property (days) 74 80
Time to enforce a contract (days) 871 656
Protecting investors, disclosure index (0 low to 10 high) 5 5
Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (days) 201 302
Total tax rate (% of profit) 39.2 66.8
Average time to clear direct exports through customs (days) 14.2 10.1
Average time to clear imports through customs (days) 19.3 15.9
Rigidity of employment index (0 least rigid to 100 most rigid) 56 36
Delay for firms in obtaining electrical connection (days) 92.1 29.1
Electric power outages for firms (number per month) 13.7 10.5
Ratio of paved to total roads (%) 11.6 12.1
Road density (road km per 100 km2 of land area) 8.6 6.9
Real interest rate (%) 32.3 ..
Domestic credit to private sector (% of GDP) 11.1 39.4
Corruption as major constraint (% of firms) 42.7 —
Firms that believe court system is fair, impartial, & uncorrupt (%) 28.8 —
Crime, theft, and disorder as major constraint (% of firms) 48.1 —
Tax rates as major constraint (% of firms) 40.8 —
Finance as major constraint (% of firms) 39.4 —
Electricity as major constraint (% of firms) 54.6 —
Labor regulations as major constraint (% of firms) 2.2 —
Labor skill level as major constraint (% of firms) 17.0 —
Irrigated land (% of cropland) 30.6 3.5
Fertilizer consumption (100 grams per hectare of arable land) 25.5 ..
Tractors per 100 hectares of arable land 2 13
Cereal crop yield (kg per hectare) 2,510.9 1,251.2
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) 26.3 41.2
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) 51.6 37.1
Terms of trade index (2000 = 100) 89.1 ..
Real effective exchange rate (2000 = 100) .. 109.8
Export diversification index (%) 21.2 ..
Foreign direct investment, net inflows ($ millions) .. ..
Workers' remittances received ($ millions) 1.4 6,055.6
Migrant remittance inflows ($ millions) 11.0 18,615.4
Capable states
IDA resource allocation index (1 low to 6 high) 3.7 —
Corruption Perceptions Index score (0 corrupt to 10 clean) 3.4 —
Control of corruption (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.1 —
Voice and accountability (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.2 —
Political stability (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.4 —
Government effectiveness (-2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.6 —
Regulatory quality (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.3 —
Rule of law (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.5 —
Combined polity score (–10 autocratic to 10 democratic) 7.0 —
Partnership
Net official development assistance (ODA) ($ millions) 841.4 35,688.7
Net ODA (% of GDP) 9.4 3.5
Net ODA per capita ($) 44.0 43.6
Net ODA from DAC donors ($ millions) 274.2 21,253.7
Net ODA from non-DAC bilateral donors ($ millions) 4.2 405.6
Net ODA from multilateral donors ($ millions) 563.1 14,029.4
Net ODA (% of central government expenditure) 204.5 24.9
PDI-1—Country with operational nat'l development strategies (A–F) C —
PDI-12—Existence of a mutual accountability review (A–F) B —
Drivers of growth
Gross domestic savings (% of GDP) 4.1 33.6
Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 30.2 18.5
Private sector fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 20.7 12.9
Gross primary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) 116.5 96.8
Gross secondary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) 28.3 ..
Gross tertiary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) 0.5 ..
Public spending on education, total (% of gov't expenditure) 24.6 ..
Number of startup procedures to register a business 10.0 9
Time to start a business (days per procedure) 39 45
Cost to start a business (% of GNI per capita) 108.0 197.5
Time to register property (days) 88 80
Time to enforce a contract (days) 432 656
Protecting investors, disclosure index (0 low to 10 high) 4 5
Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (days) 157 302
Total tax rate (% of profit) 25.8 66.8
Average time to clear direct exports through customs (days) .. 10.1
Average time to clear imports through customs (days) .. 15.9
Rigidity of employment index (0 least rigid to 100 most rigid) 21 36
Delay for firms in obtaining electrical connection (days) .. 29.1
Electric power outages for firms (number per month) .. 10.5
Ratio of paved to total roads (%) 45.0 12.1
Road density (road km per 100 km2 of land area) 16.4 6.9
Real interest rate (%) 18.9 ..
Domestic credit to private sector (% of GDP) 10.5 39.4
Corruption as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Firms that believe court system is fair, impartial, & uncorrupt (%) .. —
Crime, theft, and disorder as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Tax rates as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Finance as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Electricity as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Labor regulations as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Labor skill level as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Irrigated land (% of cropland) 2.2 3.5
Fertilizer consumption (100 grams per hectare of arable land) 182.9 ..
Tractors per 100 hectares of arable land 5 13
Cereal crop yield (kg per hectare) 1,953.1 1,251.2
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) 23.4 41.2
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) 51.2 37.1
Terms of trade index (2000 = 100) 142.9 ..
Real effective exchange rate (2000 = 100) 51.0 109.8
Export diversification index (%) 3.8 ..
Foreign direct investment, net inflows ($ millions) .. ..
Workers' remittances received ($ millions) 0.8 6,055.6
Migrant remittance inflows ($ millions) 1.0 18,615.4
Capable states
IDA resource allocation index (1 low to 6 high) 3.4 —
Corruption Perceptions Index score (0 corrupt to 10 clean) 2.8 —
Control of corruption (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.6 —
Voice and accountability (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.2 —
Political stability (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) 0.1 —
Government effectiveness (-2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.7 —
Regulatory quality (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.4 —
Rule of law (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.3 —
Combined polity score (–10 autocratic to 10 democratic) 6.0 —
Partnership
Net official development assistance (ODA) ($ millions) 912.7 35,688.7
Net ODA (% of GDP) 21.4 3.5
Net ODA per capita ($) 63.9 43.6
Net ODA from DAC donors ($ millions) 431.8 21,253.7
Net ODA from non-DAC bilateral donors ($ millions) 9.5 405.6
Net ODA from multilateral donors ($ millions) 471.4 14,029.4
Net ODA (% of central government expenditure) 195.6 24.9
PDI-1—Country with operational nat'l development strategies (A–F) C —
PDI-12—Existence of a mutual accountability review (A–F) A —
Drivers of growth
Gross domestic savings (% of GDP) 13.5 33.6
Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 23.3 18.5
Private sector fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 14.6 12.9
Gross primary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) 83.1 96.8
Gross secondary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) 31.6 ..
Gross tertiary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) 4.4 ..
Public spending on education, total (% of gov't expenditure) 16.8 ..
Number of startup procedures to register a business 7.0 9
Time to start a business (days per procedure) 15 45
Cost to start a business (% of GNI per capita) 89.2 197.5
Time to register property (days) 29 80
Time to enforce a contract (days) 626 656
Protecting investors, disclosure index (0 low to 10 high) 6 5
Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (days) 270 302
Total tax rate (% of profit) 52.1 66.8
Average time to clear direct exports through customs (days) 9.1 10.1
Average time to clear imports through customs (days) 9.1 15.9
Rigidity of employment index (0 least rigid to 100 most rigid) 31 36
Delay for firms in obtaining electrical connection (days) 48.4 29.1
Electric power outages for firms (number per month) 4.4 10.5
Ratio of paved to total roads (%) 18.0 12.1
Road density (road km per 100 km2 of land area) 1.5 6.9
Real interest rate (%) .. ..
Domestic credit to private sector (% of GDP) 17.1 39.4
Corruption as major constraint (% of firms) 28.9 —
Firms that believe court system is fair, impartial, & uncorrupt (%) 49.6 —
Crime, theft, and disorder as major constraint (% of firms) 0.6 —
Tax rates as major constraint (% of firms) 54.0 —
Finance as major constraint (% of firms) 60.4 —
Electricity as major constraint (% of firms) 55.7 —
Labor regulations as major constraint (% of firms) 1.9 —
Labor skill level as major constraint (% of firms) 8.0 —
Irrigated land (% of cropland) 4.9 3.5
Fertilizer consumption (100 grams per hectare of arable land) .. ..
Tractors per 100 hectares of arable land 6 13
Cereal crop yield (kg per hectare) 1,114.0 1,251.2
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) 27.3 41.2
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) 37.1 37.1
Terms of trade index (2000 = 100) 88.4 ..
Real effective exchange rate (2000 = 100) .. 109.8
Export diversification index (%) 2.0 ..
Foreign direct investment, net inflows ($ millions) 65.5 ..
Workers' remittances received ($ millions) 323.1 6,055.6
Migrant remittance inflows ($ millions) 343.9 18,615.4
Capable states
IDA resource allocation index (1 low to 6 high) 3.7 —
Corruption Perceptions Index score (0 corrupt to 10 clean) 3.1 —
Control of corruption (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.5 —
Voice and accountability (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) 0.3 —
Political stability (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.2 —
Government effectiveness (-2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.8 —
Regulatory quality (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.3 —
Rule of law (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.4 —
Combined polity score (–10 autocratic to 10 democratic) 7.0 —
Partnership
Net official development assistance (ODA) ($ millions) 963.8 35,688.7
Net ODA (% of GDP) 11.0 3.5
Net ODA per capita ($) 75.8 43.6
Net ODA from DAC donors ($ millions) 531.1 21,253.7
Net ODA from non-DAC bilateral donors ($ millions) 0.4 405.6
Net ODA from multilateral donors ($ millions) 432.4 14,029.4
Net ODA (% of central government expenditure) 138.8 24.9
PDI-1—Country with operational nat'l development strategies (A–F) C —
PDI-12—Existence of a mutual accountability review (A–F) B —
Drivers of growth
Gross domestic savings (% of GDP) 18.7 33.6
Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 25.9 18.5
Private sector fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 21.3 12.9
Gross primary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) 103.2 96.8
Gross secondary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) 25.2 ..
Gross tertiary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) 4.0 ..
Public spending on education, total (% of gov't expenditure) 10.1 ..
Number of startup procedures to register a business 9.0 9
Time to start a business (days per procedure) 19 45
Cost to start a business (% of GNI per capita) 34.7 197.5
Time to register property (days) 49 80
Time to enforce a contract (days) 370 656
Protecting investors, disclosure index (0 low to 10 high) 5 5
Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (days) 696 302
Total tax rate (% of profit) 86.1 66.8
Average time to clear direct exports through customs (days) .. 10.1
Average time to clear imports through customs (days) .. 15.9
Rigidity of employment index (0 least rigid to 100 most rigid) 39 36
Delay for firms in obtaining electrical connection (days) .. 29.1
Electric power outages for firms (number per month) .. 10.5
Ratio of paved to total roads (%) 26.8 12.1
Road density (road km per 100 km2 of land area) 1.1 6.9
Real interest rate (%) 26.7 ..
Domestic credit to private sector (% of GDP) .. 39.4
Corruption as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Firms that believe court system is fair, impartial, & uncorrupt (%) .. —
Crime, theft, and disorder as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Tax rates as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Finance as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Electricity as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Labor regulations as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Labor skill level as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Irrigated land (% of cropland) 9.8 3.5
Fertilizer consumption (100 grams per hectare of arable land) .. ..
Tractors per 100 hectares of arable land 8 13
Cereal crop yield (kg per hectare) 844.0 1,251.2
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) 57.7 41.2
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) 64.9 37.1
Terms of trade index (2000 = 100) .. ..
Real effective exchange rate (2000 = 100) .. 109.8
Export diversification index (%) 3.9 ..
Foreign direct investment, net inflows ($ millions) .. ..
Workers' remittances received ($ millions) .. 6,055.6
Migrant remittance inflows ($ millions) 2.0 18,615.4
Capable states
IDA resource allocation index (1 low to 6 high) 3.3 —
Corruption Perceptions Index score (0 corrupt to 10 clean) 2.8 —
Control of corruption (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.8 —
Voice and accountability (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.9 —
Political stability (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.9 —
Government effectiveness (-2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –1.0 —
Regulatory quality (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.6 —
Rule of law (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –1.0 —
Combined polity score (–10 autocratic to 10 democratic) 4.0 —
Partnership
Net official development assistance (ODA) ($ millions) 310.7 35,688.7
Net ODA (% of GDP) 10.9 3.5
Net ODA per capita ($) 97.1 43.6
Net ODA from DAC donors ($ millions) 139.1 21,253.7
Net ODA from non-DAC bilateral donors ($ millions) 24.2 405.6
Net ODA from multilateral donors ($ millions) 147.4 14,029.4
Net ODA (% of central government expenditure) 64.4 24.9
PDI-1—Country with operational nat'l development strategies (A–F) C —
PDI-12—Existence of a mutual accountability review (A–F) B —
Drivers of growth
Gross domestic savings (% of GDP) 16.9 33.6
Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 24.2 18.5
Private sector fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 19.5 12.9
Gross primary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) 101.4 96.8
Gross secondary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) .. ..
Gross tertiary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) 14.0 ..
Public spending on education, total (% of gov't expenditure) 12.7 ..
Number of startup procedures to register a business 5.0 9
Time to start a business (days per procedure) 6 45
Cost to start a business (% of GNI per capita) 4.1 197.5
Time to register property (days) 26 80
Time to enforce a contract (days) 720 656
Protecting investors, disclosure index (0 low to 10 high) 6 5
Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (days) 161 302
Total tax rate (% of profit) 22.9 66.8
Average time to clear direct exports through customs (days) 10.3 10.1
Average time to clear imports through customs (days) 11.7 15.9
Rigidity of employment index (0 least rigid to 100 most rigid) 18 36
Delay for firms in obtaining electrical connection (days) 19.2 29.1
Electric power outages for firms (number per month) 3.6 10.5
Ratio of paved to total roads (%) 100.0 12.1
Road density (road km per 100 km2 of land area) 99.6 6.9
Real interest rate (%) 12.9 ..
Domestic credit to private sector (% of GDP) 93.6 39.4
Corruption as major constraint (% of firms) 50.7 —
Firms that believe court system is fair, impartial, & uncorrupt (%) 63.6 —
Crime, theft, and disorder as major constraint (% of firms) 41.5 —
Tax rates as major constraint (% of firms) 25.1 —
Finance as major constraint (% of firms) 46.3 —
Electricity as major constraint (% of firms) 42.9 —
Labor regulations as major constraint (% of firms) 8.8 —
Labor skill level as major constraint (% of firms) 45.7 —
Irrigated land (% of cropland) 20.8 3.5
Fertilizer consumption (100 grams per hectare of arable land) 2,581.2 ..
Tractors per 100 hectares of arable land 60 13
Cereal crop yield (kg per hectare) 7,666.6 1,251.2
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) 61.6 41.2
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) 69.9 37.1
Terms of trade index (2000 = 100) 86.0 ..
Real effective exchange rate (2000 = 100) .. 109.8
Export diversification index (%) 13.4 ..
Foreign direct investment, net inflows ($ millions) 325.3 ..
Workers' remittances received ($ millions) 0.0 6,055.6
Migrant remittance inflows ($ millions) 215.0 18,615.4
Capable states
IDA resource allocation index (1 low to 6 high) .. —
Corruption Perceptions Index score (0 corrupt to 10 clean) 5.5 —
Control of corruption (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) 0.5 —
Voice and accountability (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) 0.9 —
Political stability (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) 0.8 —
Government effectiveness (-2.5 worse to 2.5 better) 0.6 —
Regulatory quality (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) 1.0 —
Rule of law (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) 0.9 —
Combined polity score (–10 autocratic to 10 democratic) 10.0 —
Partnership
Net official development assistance (ODA) ($ millions) 109.7 35,688.7
Net ODA (% of GDP) 1.3 3.5
Net ODA per capita ($) 86.4 43.6
Net ODA from DAC donors ($ millions) 16.1 21,253.7
Net ODA from non-DAC bilateral donors ($ millions) –1.9 405.6
Net ODA from multilateral donors ($ millions) 95.5 14,029.4
Net ODA (% of central government expenditure) 9.8 24.9
PDI-1—Country with operational nat'l development strategies (A–F) .. —
PDI-12—Existence of a mutual accountability review (A–F) .. —
Drivers of growth
Gross domestic savings (% of GDP) 23.8 45.5
Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 32.0 23.4
Private sector fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 27.5 23.9
Gross primary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) 107.2 106.3
Gross secondary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) 55.8 ..
Gross tertiary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) 11.3 ..
Public spending on education, total (% of gov't expenditure) 26.1 20.5
Number of startup procedures to register a business 6.0 9.0
Time to start a business (days per procedure) 12 14
Cost to start a business (% of GNI per capita) 16.1 12.5
Time to register property (days) 47 51
Time to enforce a contract (days) 615 705
Protecting investors, disclosure index (0 low to 10 high) 6 6
Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (days) 358 379
Total tax rate (% of profit) 41.7 54.9
Average time to clear direct exports through customs (days) 3.8 9.8
Average time to clear imports through customs (days) 3.8 9.8
Rigidity of employment index (0 least rigid to 100 most rigid) 60 42
Delay for firms in obtaining electrical connection (days) 18.8 70.2
Electric power outages for firms (number per month) 2.5 5.4
Ratio of paved to total roads (%) 61.9 68.0
Road density (road km per 100 km2 of land area) 12.9 7.0
Real interest rate (%) .. ..
Domestic credit to private sector (% of GDP) 79.5 34.4
Corruption as major constraint (% of firms) 13.4 —
Firms that believe court system is fair, impartial, & uncorrupt (%) 43.5 —
Crime, theft, and disorder as major constraint (% of firms) 0.0 —
Tax rates as major constraint (% of firms) 55.7 —
Finance as major constraint (% of firms) 31.6 —
Electricity as major constraint (% of firms) 37.0 —
Labor regulations as major constraint (% of firms) 15.8 —
Labor skill level as major constraint (% of firms) 31.0 —
Irrigated land (% of cropland) 15.4 ..
Fertilizer consumption (100 grams per hectare of arable land) 559.3 893.4
Tractors per 100 hectares of arable land 62 143
Cereal crop yield (kg per hectare) 520.8 2,483.8
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) 40.6 46.4
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) 50.0 36.9
Terms of trade index (2000 = 100) 99.1 ..
Real effective exchange rate (2000 = 100) 93.7 85.0
Export diversification index (%) 67.3 ..
Foreign direct investment, net inflows ($ millions) 2,193.8 18,544.3
Workers' remittances received ($ millions) 6,730.5 12,090.6
Migrant remittance inflows ($ millions) 6,730.5 18,238.0
Capable states
IDA resource allocation index (1 low to 6 high) .. —
Corruption Perceptions Index score (0 corrupt to 10 clean) 3.6 —
Control of corruption (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.3 —
Voice and accountability (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.7 —
Political stability (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.5 —
Government effectiveness (-2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.1 —
Regulatory quality (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) 0.0 —
Rule of law (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.1 —
Combined polity score (–10 autocratic to 10 democratic) –6.0 —
Partnership
Net official development assistance (ODA) ($ millions) 1,216.9 3,420.2
Net ODA (% of GDP) 1.4 0.6
Net ODA per capita ($) 39.0 20.9
Net ODA from DAC donors ($ millions) 611.8 2,112.9
Net ODA from non-DAC bilateral donors ($ millions) 81.0 168.1
Net ODA from multilateral donors ($ millions) 524.1 1,139.3
Net ODA (% of central government expenditure) 9.1 7.0
PDI-1—Country with operational nat'l development strategies (A–F) .. —
PDI-12—Existence of a mutual accountability review (A–F) B —
Drivers of growth
Gross domestic savings (% of GDP) 13.0 33.6
Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 23.0 18.5
Private sector fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 7.1 12.9
Gross primary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) 111.0 96.8
Gross secondary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) 18.3 ..
Gross tertiary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) .. ..
Public spending on education, total (% of gov't expenditure) 21.0 ..
Number of startup procedures to register a business 10.0 9
Time to start a business (days per procedure) 26 45
Cost to start a business (% of GNI per capita) 19.3 197.5
Time to register property (days) 42 80
Time to enforce a contract (days) 730 656
Protecting investors, disclosure index (0 low to 10 high) 5 5
Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (days) 230 302
Total tax rate (% of profit) 34.3 66.8
Average time to clear direct exports through customs (days) 10.4 10.1
Average time to clear imports through customs (days) 10.4 15.9
Rigidity of employment index (0 least rigid to 100 most rigid) 40 36
Delay for firms in obtaining electrical connection (days) 12.7 29.1
Electric power outages for firms (number per month) 3.1 10.5
Ratio of paved to total roads (%) 18.7 12.1
Road density (road km per 100 km2 of land area) 3.9 6.9
Real interest rate (%) 11.0 ..
Domestic credit to private sector (% of GDP) 18.7 39.4
Corruption as major constraint (% of firms) 14.8 —
Firms that believe court system is fair, impartial, & uncorrupt (%) 16.6 —
Crime, theft, and disorder as major constraint (% of firms) 1.8 —
Tax rates as major constraint (% of firms) 30.8 —
Finance as major constraint (% of firms) 50.1 —
Electricity as major constraint (% of firms) 24.8 —
Labor regulations as major constraint (% of firms) 6.0 —
Labor skill level as major constraint (% of firms) 18.8 —
Irrigated land (% of cropland) 2.6 3.5
Fertilizer consumption (100 grams per hectare of arable land) 49.5 ..
Tractors per 100 hectares of arable land 14 13
Cereal crop yield (kg per hectare) 942.1 1,251.2
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) 32.0 41.2
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) 42.0 37.1
Terms of trade index (2000 = 100) 69.7 ..
Real effective exchange rate (2000 = 100) .. 109.8
Export diversification index (%) 3.5 ..
Foreign direct investment, net inflows ($ millions) 587.0 ..
Workers' remittances received ($ millions) 30.9 6,055.6
Migrant remittance inflows ($ millions) 99.4 18,615.4
Capable states
IDA resource allocation index (1 low to 6 high) 3.7 —
Corruption Perceptions Index score (0 corrupt to 10 clean) 2.6 —
Control of corruption (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.6 —
Voice and accountability (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) 0.0 —
Political stability (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) 0.3 —
Government effectiveness (-2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.4 —
Regulatory quality (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.5 —
Rule of law (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.7 —
Combined polity score (–10 autocratic to 10 democratic) 6.0 —
Partnership
Net official development assistance (ODA) ($ millions) 1,993.8 35,688.7
Net ODA (% of GDP) 20.5 3.5
Net ODA per capita ($) 91.5 43.6
Net ODA from DAC donors ($ millions) 1,340.3 21,253.7
Net ODA from non-DAC bilateral donors ($ millions) 3.9 405.6
Net ODA from multilateral donors ($ millions) 649.6 14,029.4
Net ODA (% of central government expenditure) 166.8 24.9
PDI-1—Country with operational nat'l development strategies (A–F) C —
PDI-12—Existence of a mutual accountability review (A–F) A —
Drivers of growth
Gross domestic savings (% of GDP) 13.5 33.6
Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 22.6 18.5
Private sector fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 15.8 12.9
Gross primary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) 109.2 96.8
Gross secondary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) 59.0 ..
Gross tertiary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) .. ..
Public spending on education, total (% of gov't expenditure) 21.0 ..
Number of startup procedures to register a business 10.0 9
Time to start a business (days per procedure) 66 45
Cost to start a business (% of GNI per capita) 20.4 197.5
Time to register property (days) 23 80
Time to enforce a contract (days) 270 656
Protecting investors, disclosure index (0 low to 10 high) 5 5
Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (days) 375 302
Total tax rate (% of profit) 9.6 66.8
Average time to clear direct exports through customs (days) .. 10.1
Average time to clear imports through customs (days) .. 15.9
Rigidity of employment index (0 least rigid to 100 most rigid) 13 36
Delay for firms in obtaining electrical connection (days) .. 29.1
Electric power outages for firms (number per month) .. 10.5
Ratio of paved to total roads (%) 12.8 12.1
Road density (road km per 100 km2 of land area) 5.1 6.9
Real interest rate (%) 1.6 ..
Domestic credit to private sector (% of GDP) 47.1 39.4
Corruption as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Firms that believe court system is fair, impartial, & uncorrupt (%) .. —
Crime, theft, and disorder as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Tax rates as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Finance as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Electricity as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Labor regulations as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Labor skill level as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Irrigated land (% of cropland) 1.0 3.5
Fertilizer consumption (100 grams per hectare of arable land) 28.7 ..
Tractors per 100 hectares of arable land 39 13
Cereal crop yield (kg per hectare) 411.5 1,251.2
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) 38.9 41.2
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) 48.1 37.1
Terms of trade index (2000 = 100) 99.7 ..
Real effective exchange rate (2000 = 100) .. 109.8
Export diversification index (%) 9.1 ..
Foreign direct investment, net inflows ($ millions) 718.5 ..
Workers' remittances received ($ millions) 6.2 6,055.6
Migrant remittance inflows ($ millions) 16.2 18,615.4
Capable states
IDA resource allocation index (1 low to 6 high) .. —
Corruption Perceptions Index score (0 corrupt to 10 clean) 4.5 —
Control of corruption (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) 0.6 —
Voice and accountability (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) 0.6 —
Political stability (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) 1.0 —
Government effectiveness (-2.5 worse to 2.5 better) 0.3 —
Regulatory quality (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) 0.1 —
Rule of law (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) 0.4 —
Combined polity score (–10 autocratic to 10 democratic) 6.0 —
Partnership
Net official development assistance (ODA) ($ millions) 206.8 35,688.7
Net ODA (% of GDP) 2.4 3.5
Net ODA per capita ($) 97.8 43.6
Net ODA from DAC donors ($ millions) 150.0 21,253.7
Net ODA from non-DAC bilateral donors ($ millions) 2.4 405.6
Net ODA from multilateral donors ($ millions) 54.5 14,029.4
Net ODA (% of central government expenditure) 13.4 24.9
PDI-1—Country with operational nat'l development strategies (A–F) .. —
PDI-12—Existence of a mutual accountability review (A–F) .. —
Drivers of growth
Gross domestic savings (% of GDP) .. 33.6
Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) .. 18.5
Private sector fixed capital formation (% of GDP) .. 12.9
Gross primary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) 53.3 96.8
Gross secondary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) 10.6 ..
Gross tertiary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) 1.0 ..
Public spending on education, total (% of gov't expenditure) 17.6 ..
Number of startup procedures to register a business 9.0 9
Time to start a business (days per procedure) 17 45
Cost to start a business (% of GNI per capita) 118.7 197.5
Time to register property (days) 35 80
Time to enforce a contract (days) 545 656
Protecting investors, disclosure index (0 low to 10 high) 6 5
Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (days) 270 302
Total tax rate (% of profit) 46.5 66.8
Average time to clear direct exports through customs (days) .. 10.1
Average time to clear imports through customs (days) .. 15.9
Rigidity of employment index (0 least rigid to 100 most rigid) 68 36
Delay for firms in obtaining electrical connection (days) .. 29.1
Electric power outages for firms (number per month) .. 10.5
Ratio of paved to total roads (%) 20.5 12.1
Road density (road km per 100 km2 of land area) 1.5 6.9
Real interest rate (%) .. ..
Domestic credit to private sector (% of GDP) 11.0 39.4
Corruption as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Firms that believe court system is fair, impartial, & uncorrupt (%) .. —
Crime, theft, and disorder as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Tax rates as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Finance as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Electricity as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Labor regulations as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Labor skill level as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Irrigated land (% of cropland) 0.5 3.5
Fertilizer consumption (100 grams per hectare of arable land) 0.0 ..
Tractors per 100 hectares of arable land 0 13
Cereal crop yield (kg per hectare) 424.4 1,251.2
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) .. 41.2
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) .. 37.1
Terms of trade index (2000 = 100) .. ..
Real effective exchange rate (2000 = 100) .. 109.8
Export diversification index (%) 1.4 ..
Foreign direct investment, net inflows ($ millions) .. ..
Workers' remittances received ($ millions) 49.1 6,055.6
Migrant remittance inflows ($ millions) 78.1 18,615.4
Capable states
IDA resource allocation index (1 low to 6 high) 3.3 —
Corruption Perceptions Index score (0 corrupt to 10 clean) 2.8 —
Control of corruption (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.8 —
Voice and accountability (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.4 —
Political stability (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.8 —
Government effectiveness (-2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.8 —
Regulatory quality (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.5 —
Rule of law (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.8 —
Combined polity score (–10 autocratic to 10 democratic) 6.0 —
Partnership
Net official development assistance (ODA) ($ millions) 605.4 35,688.7
Net ODA (% of GDP) 11.3 3.5
Net ODA per capita ($) 41.3 43.6
Net ODA from DAC donors ($ millions) 269.1 21,253.7
Net ODA from non-DAC bilateral donors ($ millions) 1.7 405.6
Net ODA from multilateral donors ($ millions) 334.6 14,029.4
Net ODA (% of central government expenditure) .. 24.9
PDI-1—Country with operational nat'l development strategies (A–F) C —
PDI-12—Existence of a mutual accountability review (A–F) B —
Drivers of growth
Gross domestic savings (% of GDP) .. 33.6
Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) .. 18.5
Private sector fixed capital formation (% of GDP) .. 12.9
Gross primary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) .. 96.8
Gross secondary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) .. ..
Gross tertiary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) .. ..
Public spending on education, total (% of gov't expenditure) .. ..
Number of startup procedures to register a business 8.0 9
Time to start a business (days per procedure) 31 45
Cost to start a business (% of GNI per capita) 76.7 197.5
Time to register property (days) 82 80
Time to enforce a contract (days) 457 656
Protecting investors, disclosure index (0 low to 10 high) 5 5
Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (days) 938 302
Total tax rate (% of profit) 32.2 66.8
Average time to clear direct exports through customs (days) 12.8 10.1
Average time to clear imports through customs (days) 12.8 15.9
Rigidity of employment index (0 least rigid to 100 most rigid) 7 36
Delay for firms in obtaining electrical connection (days) 7.7 29.1
Electric power outages for firms (number per month) 26.8 10.5
Ratio of paved to total roads (%) 15.0 12.1
Road density (road km per 100 km2 of land area) 21.2 6.9
Real interest rate (%) 0.9 ..
Domestic credit to private sector (% of GDP) 33.1 39.4
Corruption as major constraint (% of firms) 40.9 —
Firms that believe court system is fair, impartial, & uncorrupt (%) 53.5 —
Crime, theft, and disorder as major constraint (% of firms) 4.1 —
Tax rates as major constraint (% of firms) 20.9 —
Finance as major constraint (% of firms) 53.1 —
Electricity as major constraint (% of firms) 75.9 —
Labor regulations as major constraint (% of firms) 4.0 —
Labor skill level as major constraint (% of firms) 6.3 —
Irrigated land (% of cropland) 0.8 3.5
Fertilizer consumption (100 grams per hectare of arable land) 0.0 ..
Tractors per 100 hectares of arable land 8 13
Cereal crop yield (kg per hectare) 1,452.7 1,251.2
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) 43.5 41.2
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) 30.4 37.1
Terms of trade index (2000 = 100) .. ..
Real effective exchange rate (2000 = 100) 144.7 109.8
Export diversification index (%) 1.3 ..
Foreign direct investment, net inflows ($ millions) 5,618.7 ..
Workers' remittances received ($ millions) 17,945.9 6,055.6
Migrant remittance inflows ($ millions) 9,221.0 18,615.4
Capable states
IDA resource allocation index (1 low to 6 high) 3.4 —
Corruption Perceptions Index score (0 corrupt to 10 clean) 3.5 —
Control of corruption (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.9 —
Voice and accountability (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.6 —
Political stability (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –2.0 —
Government effectiveness (-2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –1.0 —
Regulatory quality (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.6 —
Rule of law (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –1.1 —
Combined polity score (–10 autocratic to 10 democratic) 4.0 —
Partnership
Net official development assistance (ODA) ($ millions) 1,289.8 35,688.7
Net ODA (% of GDP) 0.6 3.5
Net ODA per capita ($) 8.5 43.6
Net ODA from DAC donors ($ millions) 636.4 21,253.7
Net ODA from non-DAC bilateral donors ($ millions) 2.8 405.6
Net ODA from multilateral donors ($ millions) 650.6 14,029.4
Net ODA (% of central government expenditure) .. 24.9
PDI-1—Country with operational nat'l development strategies (A–F) C —
PDI-12—Existence of a mutual accountability review (A–F) B —
Drivers of growth
Gross domestic savings (% of GDP) 1.3 33.6
Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 20.8 18.5
Private sector fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 10.7 12.9
Gross primary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) 147.4 96.8
Gross secondary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) 18.1 ..
Gross tertiary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) .. ..
Public spending on education, total (% of gov't expenditure) 19.0 ..
Number of startup procedures to register a business 2.0 9
Time to start a business (days per procedure) 3 45
Cost to start a business (% of GNI per capita) 10.1 197.5
Time to register property (days) 60 80
Time to enforce a contract (days) 260 656
Protecting investors, disclosure index (0 low to 10 high) 7 5
Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (days) 160 302
Total tax rate (% of profit) 31.3 66.8
Average time to clear direct exports through customs (days) .. 10.1
Average time to clear imports through customs (days) .. 15.9
Rigidity of employment index (0 least rigid to 100 most rigid) 7 36
Delay for firms in obtaining electrical connection (days) .. 29.1
Electric power outages for firms (number per month) .. 10.5
Ratio of paved to total roads (%) 19.0 12.1
Road density (road km per 100 km2 of land area) 56.8 6.9
Real interest rate (%) 4.8 ..
Domestic credit to private sector (% of GDP) .. 39.4
Corruption as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Firms that believe court system is fair, impartial, & uncorrupt (%) .. —
Crime, theft, and disorder as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Tax rates as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Finance as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Electricity as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Labor regulations as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Labor skill level as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Irrigated land (% of cropland) 0.6 3.5
Fertilizer consumption (100 grams per hectare of arable land) .. ..
Tractors per 100 hectares of arable land 0 13
Cereal crop yield (kg per hectare) 1,049.2 1,251.2
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) 8.1 41.2
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) 27.5 37.1
Terms of trade index (2000 = 100) .. ..
Real effective exchange rate (2000 = 100) .. 109.8
Export diversification index (%) 4.1 ..
Foreign direct investment, net inflows ($ millions) 80.1 ..
Workers' remittances received ($ millions) 28.3 6,055.6
Migrant remittance inflows ($ millions) 51.3 18,615.4
Capable states
IDA resource allocation index (1 low to 6 high) 3.7 —
Corruption Perceptions Index score (0 corrupt to 10 clean) 3.0 —
Control of corruption (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) 0.0 —
Voice and accountability (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –1.2 —
Political stability (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.1 —
Government effectiveness (-2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.2 —
Regulatory quality (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.5 —
Rule of law (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.5 —
Combined polity score (–10 autocratic to 10 democratic) –3.0 —
Partnership
Net official development assistance (ODA) ($ millions) 930.6 35,688.7
Net ODA (% of GDP) 20.9 3.5
Net ODA per capita ($) 95.7 43.6
Net ODA from DAC donors ($ millions) 450.2 21,253.7
Net ODA from non-DAC bilateral donors ($ millions) 3.1 405.6
Net ODA from multilateral donors ($ millions) 477.3 14,029.4
Net ODA (% of central government expenditure) 228.6 24.9
PDI-1—Country with operational nat'l development strategies (A–F) B —
PDI-12—Existence of a mutual accountability review (A–F) B —
Drivers of growth
Gross domestic savings (% of GDP) .. 33.6
Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) .. 18.5
Private sector fixed capital formation (% of GDP) .. 12.9
Gross primary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) 130.2 96.8
Gross secondary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) 46.3 ..
Gross tertiary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) .. ..
Public spending on education, total (% of gov't expenditure) .. ..
Number of startup procedures to register a business 10.0 9
Time to start a business (days per procedure) 144 45
Cost to start a business (% of GNI per capita) 81.7 197.5
Time to register property (days) 62 80
Time to enforce a contract (days) 1,185 656
Protecting investors, disclosure index (0 low to 10 high) 3 5
Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (days) 424 302
Total tax rate (% of profit) 47.2 66.8
Average time to clear direct exports through customs (days) .. 10.1
Average time to clear imports through customs (days) .. 15.9
Rigidity of employment index (0 least rigid to 100 most rigid) 59 36
Delay for firms in obtaining electrical connection (days) .. 29.1
Electric power outages for firms (number per month) .. 10.5
Ratio of paved to total roads (%) 68.1 12.1
Road density (road km per 100 km2 of land area) 33.3 6.9
Real interest rate (%) 7.0 ..
Domestic credit to private sector (% of GDP) 28.3 39.4
Corruption as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Firms that believe court system is fair, impartial, & uncorrupt (%) .. —
Crime, theft, and disorder as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Tax rates as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Finance as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Electricity as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Labor regulations as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Labor skill level as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Irrigated land (% of cropland) 18.2 3.5
Fertilizer consumption (100 grams per hectare of arable land) .. ..
Tractors per 100 hectares of arable land 139 13
Cereal crop yield (kg per hectare) 2,307.6 1,251.2
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) .. 41.2
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) .. 37.1
Terms of trade index (2000 = 100) .. ..
Real effective exchange rate (2000 = 100) .. 109.8
Export diversification index (%) 3.9 ..
Foreign direct investment, net inflows ($ millions) 32.2 ..
Workers' remittances received ($ millions) 2.0 6,055.6
Migrant remittance inflows ($ millions) 2.0 18,615.4
Capable states
IDA resource allocation index (1 low to 6 high) 3.0 —
Corruption Perceptions Index score (0 corrupt to 10 clean) 2.7 —
Control of corruption (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.4 —
Voice and accountability (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) 0.2 —
Political stability (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) 0.3 —
Government effectiveness (-2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.7 —
Regulatory quality (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.7 —
Rule of law (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.5 —
Combined polity score (–10 autocratic to 10 democratic) .. —
Partnership
Net official development assistance (ODA) ($ millions) 47.0 35,688.7
Net ODA (% of GDP) 26.9 3.5
Net ODA per capita ($) 292.2 43.6
Net ODA from DAC donors ($ millions) 26.3 21,253.7
Net ODA from non-DAC bilateral donors ($ millions) 0.2 405.6
Net ODA from multilateral donors ($ millions) 20.5 14,029.4
Net ODA (% of central government expenditure) .. 24.9
PDI-1—Country with operational nat'l development strategies (A–F) .. —
PDI-12—Existence of a mutual accountability review (A–F) .. —
Drivers of growth
Gross domestic savings (% of GDP) 7.7 33.6
Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 30.2 18.5
Private sector fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 20.2 12.9
Gross primary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) 83.5 96.8
Gross secondary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) 26.3 ..
Gross tertiary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) 7.7 ..
Public spending on education, total (% of gov't expenditure) 26.3 ..
Number of startup procedures to register a business 4.0 9
Time to start a business (days per procedure) 8 45
Cost to start a business (% of GNI per capita) 63.7 197.5
Time to register property (days) 124 80
Time to enforce a contract (days) 780 656
Protecting investors, disclosure index (0 low to 10 high) 6 5
Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (days) 666 302
Total tax rate (% of profit) 46.0 66.8
Average time to clear direct exports through customs (days) 8.9 10.1
Average time to clear imports through customs (days) 8.9 15.9
Rigidity of employment index (0 least rigid to 100 most rigid) 59 36
Delay for firms in obtaining electrical connection (days) 9.4 29.1
Electric power outages for firms (number per month) 11.8 10.5
Ratio of paved to total roads (%) 29.3 12.1
Road density (road km per 100 km2 of land area) 7.1 6.9
Real interest rate (%) .. ..
Domestic credit to private sector (% of GDP) 24.2 39.4
Corruption as major constraint (% of firms) 18.1 —
Firms that believe court system is fair, impartial, & uncorrupt (%) 55.4 —
Crime, theft, and disorder as major constraint (% of firms) 0.5 —
Tax rates as major constraint (% of firms) 40.5 —
Finance as major constraint (% of firms) 49.2 —
Electricity as major constraint (% of firms) 57.7 —
Labor regulations as major constraint (% of firms) 4.8 —
Labor skill level as major constraint (% of firms) 9.5 —
Irrigated land (% of cropland) 4.8 3.5
Fertilizer consumption (100 grams per hectare of arable land) 73.3 ..
Tractors per 100 hectares of arable land 2 13
Cereal crop yield (kg per hectare) 822.5 1,251.2
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) 24.9 41.2
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) 47.4 37.1
Terms of trade index (2000 = 100) 92.2 ..
Real effective exchange rate (2000 = 100) .. 109.8
Export diversification index (%) 22.3 ..
Foreign direct investment, net inflows ($ millions) 272.7 ..
Workers' remittances received ($ millions) 1,106.7 6,055.6
Migrant remittance inflows ($ millions) 1,191.8 18,615.4
Capable states
IDA resource allocation index (1 low to 6 high) 3.6 —
Corruption Perceptions Index score (0 corrupt to 10 clean) 3.6 —
Control of corruption (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.5 —
Voice and accountability (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.2 —
Political stability (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.2 —
Government effectiveness (-2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.1 —
Regulatory quality (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.3 —
Rule of law (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.3 —
Combined polity score (–10 autocratic to 10 democratic) 8.0 —
Partnership
Net official development assistance (ODA) ($ millions) 1,057.7 35,688.7
Net ODA (% of GDP) 8.0 3.5
Net ODA per capita ($) 86.6 43.6
Net ODA from DAC donors ($ millions) 544.2 21,253.7
Net ODA from non-DAC bilateral donors ($ millions) 48.5 405.6
Net ODA from multilateral donors ($ millions) 465.1 14,029.4
Net ODA (% of central government expenditure) 80.1 24.9
PDI-1—Country with operational nat'l development strategies (A–F) C —
PDI-12—Existence of a mutual accountability review (A–F) B —
Drivers of growth
Gross domestic savings (% of GDP) 6.7 33.6
Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 28.3 18.5
Private sector fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 24.6 12.9
Gross primary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) 125.3 96.8
Gross secondary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) 111.8 ..
Gross tertiary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) .. ..
Public spending on education, total (% of gov't expenditure) 12.6 ..
Number of startup procedures to register a business 9.0 9
Time to start a business (days per procedure) 38 45
Cost to start a business (% of GNI per capita) 7.3 197.5
Time to register property (days) 33 80
Time to enforce a contract (days) 720 656
Protecting investors, disclosure index (0 low to 10 high) 4 5
Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (days) 76 302
Total tax rate (% of profit) 44.1 66.8
Average time to clear direct exports through customs (days) .. 10.1
Average time to clear imports through customs (days) .. 15.9
Rigidity of employment index (0 least rigid to 100 most rigid) 36 36
Delay for firms in obtaining electrical connection (days) .. 29.1
Electric power outages for firms (number per month) .. 10.5
Ratio of paved to total roads (%) 96.0 12.1
Road density (road km per 100 km2 of land area) 99.6 6.9
Real interest rate (%) –10.8 ..
Domestic credit to private sector (% of GDP) 38.3 39.4
Corruption as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Firms that believe court system is fair, impartial, & uncorrupt (%) .. —
Crime, theft, and disorder as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Tax rates as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Finance as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Electricity as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Labor regulations as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Labor skill level as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Irrigated land (% of cropland) .. 3.5
Fertilizer consumption (100 grams per hectare of arable land) .. ..
Tractors per 100 hectares of arable land 400 13
Cereal crop yield (kg per hectare) .. 1,251.2
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) 130.9 41.2
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) 152.5 37.1
Terms of trade index (2000 = 100) 100.0 ..
Real effective exchange rate (2000 = 100) .. 109.8
Export diversification index (%) 3.9 ..
Foreign direct investment, net inflows ($ millions) 240.8 ..
Workers' remittances received ($ millions) 10.9 6,055.6
Migrant remittance inflows ($ millions) 11.2 18,615.4
Capable states
IDA resource allocation index (1 low to 6 high) .. —
Corruption Perceptions Index score (0 corrupt to 10 clean) 4.8 —
Control of corruption (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) 0.2 —
Voice and accountability (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) 0.0 —
Political stability (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) 0.9 —
Government effectiveness (-2.5 worse to 2.5 better) 0.0 —
Regulatory quality (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.7 —
Rule of law (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) 0.2 —
Combined polity score (–10 autocratic to 10 democratic) .. —
Partnership
Net official development assistance (ODA) ($ millions) 12.1 35,688.7
Net ODA (% of GDP) 1.5 3.5
Net ODA per capita ($) 139.9 43.6
Net ODA from DAC donors ($ millions) 5.0 21,253.7
Net ODA from non-DAC bilateral donors ($ millions) 0.2 405.6
Net ODA from multilateral donors ($ millions) 6.9 14,029.4
Net ODA (% of central government expenditure) 9.8 24.9
PDI-1—Country with operational nat'l development strategies (A–F) .. —
PDI-12—Existence of a mutual accountability review (A–F) .. —
Drivers of growth
Gross domestic savings (% of GDP) 7.5 33.6
Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 19.7 18.5
Private sector fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 11.0 12.9
Gross primary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) 147.1 96.8
Gross secondary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) 31.6 ..
Gross tertiary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) .. ..
Public spending on education, total (% of gov't expenditure) .. ..
Number of startup procedures to register a business 6.0 9
Time to start a business (days per procedure) 12 45
Cost to start a business (% of GNI per capita) 118.8 197.5
Time to register property (days) 236 80
Time to enforce a contract (days) 515 656
Protecting investors, disclosure index (0 low to 10 high) 6 5
Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (days) 357 302
Total tax rate (% of profit) 235.6 66.8
Average time to clear direct exports through customs (days) .. 10.1
Average time to clear imports through customs (days) 12.2 15.9
Rigidity of employment index (0 least rigid to 100 most rigid) 41 36
Delay for firms in obtaining electrical connection (days) 14.8 29.1
Electric power outages for firms (number per month) 15.9 10.5
Ratio of paved to total roads (%) 8.0 12.1
Road density (road km per 100 km2 of land area) 15.8 6.9
Real interest rate (%) 11.5 ..
Domestic credit to private sector (% of GDP) 7.1 39.4
Corruption as major constraint (% of firms) 36.9 —
Firms that believe court system is fair, impartial, & uncorrupt (%) 29.7 —
Crime, theft, and disorder as major constraint (% of firms) 14.2 —
Tax rates as major constraint (% of firms) 42.5 —
Finance as major constraint (% of firms) 34.6 —
Electricity as major constraint (% of firms) 53.4 —
Labor regulations as major constraint (% of firms) 11.4 —
Labor skill level as major constraint (% of firms) 16.0 —
Irrigated land (% of cropland) 4.7 3.5
Fertilizer consumption (100 grams per hectare of arable land) .. ..
Tractors per 100 hectares of arable land 1 13
Cereal crop yield (kg per hectare) 1,013.8 1,251.2
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) 24.9 41.2
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) 37.1 37.1
Terms of trade index (2000 = 100) .. ..
Real effective exchange rate (2000 = 100) 79.8 109.8
Export diversification index (%) 7.3 ..
Foreign direct investment, net inflows ($ millions) 94.5 ..
Workers' remittances received ($ millions) 146.3 6,055.6
Migrant remittance inflows ($ millions) 148.4 18,615.4
Capable states
IDA resource allocation index (1 low to 6 high) 3.1 —
Corruption Perceptions Index score (0 corrupt to 10 clean) 3.8 —
Control of corruption (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –1.1 —
Voice and accountability (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.3 —
Political stability (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.2 —
Government effectiveness (-2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –1.1 —
Regulatory quality (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.9 —
Rule of law (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –1.0 —
Combined polity score (–10 autocratic to 10 democratic) 7.0 —
Partnership
Net official development assistance (ODA) ($ millions) 366.8 35,688.7
Net ODA (% of GDP) 18.8 3.5
Net ODA per capita ($) 66.0 43.6
Net ODA from DAC donors ($ millions) 174.9 21,253.7
Net ODA from non-DAC bilateral donors ($ millions) –0.9 405.6
Net ODA from multilateral donors ($ millions) 192.9 14,029.4
Net ODA (% of central government expenditure) 147.7 24.9
PDI-1—Country with operational nat'l development strategies (A–F) C —
PDI-12—Existence of a mutual accountability review (A–F) B —
Drivers of growth
Gross domestic savings (% of GDP) .. 33.6
Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) .. 18.5
Private sector fixed capital formation (% of GDP) .. 12.9
Gross primary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) .. 96.8
Gross secondary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) .. ..
Gross tertiary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) .. ..
Public spending on education, total (% of gov't expenditure) .. ..
Number of startup procedures to register a business .. 9
Time to start a business (days per procedure) .. 45
Cost to start a business (% of GNI per capita) .. 197.5
Time to register property (days) .. 80
Time to enforce a contract (days) .. 656
Protecting investors, disclosure index (0 low to 10 high) .. 5
Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (days) .. 302
Total tax rate (% of profit) .. 66.8
Average time to clear direct exports through customs (days) .. 10.1
Average time to clear imports through customs (days) .. 15.9
Rigidity of employment index (0 least rigid to 100 most rigid) .. 36
Delay for firms in obtaining electrical connection (days) .. 29.1
Electric power outages for firms (number per month) .. 10.5
Ratio of paved to total roads (%) 11.8 12.1
Road density (road km per 100 km2 of land area) 3.5 6.9
Real interest rate (%) .. ..
Domestic credit to private sector (% of GDP) .. 39.4
Corruption as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Firms that believe court system is fair, impartial, & uncorrupt (%) .. —
Crime, theft, and disorder as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Tax rates as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Finance as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Electricity as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Labor regulations as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Labor skill level as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Irrigated land (% of cropland) 15.7 3.5
Fertilizer consumption (100 grams per hectare of arable land) .. ..
Tractors per 100 hectares of arable land 12 13
Cereal crop yield (kg per hectare) 416.7 1,251.2
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) .. 41.2
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) .. 37.1
Terms of trade index (2000 = 100) .. ..
Real effective exchange rate (2000 = 100) .. 109.8
Export diversification index (%) 6.6 ..
Foreign direct investment, net inflows ($ millions) .. ..
Workers' remittances received ($ millions) .. 6,055.6
Migrant remittance inflows ($ millions) .. 18,615.4
Capable states
IDA resource allocation index (1 low to 6 high) .. —
Corruption Perceptions Index score (0 corrupt to 10 clean) 1.0 —
Control of corruption (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –1.9 —
Voice and accountability (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –1.9 —
Political stability (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –3.3 —
Government effectiveness (-2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –2.5 —
Regulatory quality (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –2.8 —
Rule of law (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –2.7 —
Combined polity score (–10 autocratic to 10 democratic) 0.0 —
Partnership
Net official development assistance (ODA) ($ millions) 758.3 35,688.7
Net ODA (% of GDP) .. 3.5
Net ODA per capita ($) 84.7 43.6
Net ODA from DAC donors ($ millions) 565.5 21,253.7
Net ODA from non-DAC bilateral donors ($ millions) 8.1 405.6
Net ODA from multilateral donors ($ millions) 184.7 14,029.4
Net ODA (% of central government expenditure) .. 24.9
PDI-1—Country with operational nat'l development strategies (A–F) .. —
PDI-12—Existence of a mutual accountability review (A–F) .. —
Drivers of growth
Gross domestic savings (% of GDP) 18.4 33.6
Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 22.2 18.5
Private sector fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 19.4 12.9
Gross primary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) 102.5 96.8
Gross secondary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) 97.1 ..
Gross tertiary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) .. ..
Public spending on education, total (% of gov't expenditure) 17.4 ..
Number of startup procedures to register a business 6.0 9
Time to start a business (days per procedure) 22 45
Cost to start a business (% of GNI per capita) 5.9 197.5
Time to register property (days) 24 80
Time to enforce a contract (days) 600 656
Protecting investors, disclosure index (0 low to 10 high) 8 5
Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (days) 200 302
Total tax rate (% of profit) 30.2 66.8
Average time to clear direct exports through customs (days) 5.9 10.1
Average time to clear imports through customs (days) 5.9 15.9
Rigidity of employment index (0 least rigid to 100 most rigid) 35 36
Delay for firms in obtaining electrical connection (days) 15.8 29.1
Electric power outages for firms (number per month) 2.2 10.5
Ratio of paved to total roads (%) 17.3 12.1
Road density (road km per 100 km2 of land area) 30.0 6.9
Real interest rate (%) 3.9 ..
Domestic credit to private sector (% of GDP) 79.6 39.4
Corruption as major constraint (% of firms) 15.1 —
Firms that believe court system is fair, impartial, & uncorrupt (%) 59.6 —
Crime, theft, and disorder as major constraint (% of firms) 1.0 —
Tax rates as major constraint (% of firms) 4.6 —
Finance as major constraint (% of firms) 15.5 —
Electricity as major constraint (% of firms) 20.8 —
Labor regulations as major constraint (% of firms) 5.9 —
Labor skill level as major constraint (% of firms) 8.7 —
Irrigated land (% of cropland) 9.5 3.5
Fertilizer consumption (100 grams per hectare of arable land) 475.6 ..
Tractors per 100 hectares of arable land 43 13
Cereal crop yield (kg per hectare) 2,796.0 1,251.2
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) 36.3 41.2
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) 40.4 37.1
Terms of trade index (2000 = 100) 119.3 ..
Real effective exchange rate (2000 = 100) 76.9 109.8
Export diversification index (%) 45.6 ..
Foreign direct investment, net inflows ($ millions) 11,936.5 ..
Workers' remittances received ($ millions) .. 6,055.6
Migrant remittance inflows ($ millions) 833.7 18,615.4
Capable states
IDA resource allocation index (1 low to 6 high) .. —
Corruption Perceptions Index score (0 corrupt to 10 clean) 4.9 —
Control of corruption (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) 0.3 —
Voice and accountability (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) 0.7 —
Political stability (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) 0.0 —
Government effectiveness (-2.5 worse to 2.5 better) 0.8 —
Regulatory quality (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) 0.6 —
Rule of law (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) 0.1 —
Combined polity score (–10 autocratic to 10 democratic) 9.0 —
Partnership
Net official development assistance (ODA) ($ millions) 1,124.9 35,688.7
Net ODA (% of GDP) 0.4 3.5
Net ODA per capita ($) 23.1 43.6
Net ODA from DAC donors ($ millions) 881.3 21,253.7
Net ODA from non-DAC bilateral donors ($ millions) 2.1 405.6
Net ODA from multilateral donors ($ millions) 241.6 14,029.4
Net ODA (% of central government expenditure) 2.0 24.9
PDI-1—Country with operational nat'l development strategies (A–F) .. —
PDI-12—Existence of a mutual accountability review (A–F) A —
Drivers of growth
Gross domestic savings (% of GDP) 24.3 33.6
Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 20.2 18.5
Private sector fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 12.8 12.9
Gross primary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) 66.4 96.8
Gross secondary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) 33.4 ..
Gross tertiary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) .. ..
Public spending on education, total (% of gov't expenditure) .. ..
Number of startup procedures to register a business 10.0 9
Time to start a business (days per procedure) 36 45
Cost to start a business (% of GNI per capita) 36.0 197.5
Time to register property (days) 9 80
Time to enforce a contract (days) 810 656
Protecting investors, disclosure index (0 low to 10 high) 0 5
Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (days) 180 302
Total tax rate (% of profit) 36.1 66.8
Average time to clear direct exports through customs (days) .. 10.1
Average time to clear imports through customs (days) .. 15.9
Rigidity of employment index (0 least rigid to 100 most rigid) 36 36
Delay for firms in obtaining electrical connection (days) .. 29.1
Electric power outages for firms (number per month) .. 10.5
Ratio of paved to total roads (%) 36.3 12.1
Road density (road km per 100 km2 of land area) 0.5 6.9
Real interest rate (%) .. ..
Domestic credit to private sector (% of GDP) 10.9 39.4
Corruption as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Firms that believe court system is fair, impartial, & uncorrupt (%) .. —
Crime, theft, and disorder as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Tax rates as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Finance as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Electricity as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Labor regulations as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Labor skill level as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Irrigated land (% of cropland) 10.2 3.5
Fertilizer consumption (100 grams per hectare of arable land) 24.9 ..
Tractors per 100 hectares of arable land 10 13
Cereal crop yield (kg per hectare) 707.6 1,251.2
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) 22.7 41.2
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) 22.0 37.1
Terms of trade index (2000 = 100) 100.0 ..
Real effective exchange rate (2000 = 100) .. 109.8
Export diversification index (%) 1.2 ..
Foreign direct investment, net inflows ($ millions) 2,425.6 ..
Workers' remittances received ($ millions) 1,766.7 6,055.6
Migrant remittance inflows ($ millions) 1,769.2 18,615.4
Capable states
IDA resource allocation index (1 low to 6 high) 2.5 —
Corruption Perceptions Index score (0 corrupt to 10 clean) 1.6 —
Control of corruption (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –1.5 —
Voice and accountability (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –1.8 —
Political stability (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –2.4 —
Government effectiveness (-2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –1.4 —
Regulatory quality (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –1.4 —
Rule of law (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –1.5 —
Combined polity score (–10 autocratic to 10 democratic) –4.0 —
Partnership
Net official development assistance (ODA) ($ millions) 2,383.6 35,688.7
Net ODA (% of GDP) 4.1 3.5
Net ODA per capita ($) 57.6 43.6
Net ODA from DAC donors ($ millions) 1,818.2 21,253.7
Net ODA from non-DAC bilateral donors ($ millions) 106.4 405.6
Net ODA from multilateral donors ($ millions) 459.0 14,029.4
Net ODA (% of central government expenditure) 24.8 24.9
PDI-1—Country with operational nat'l development strategies (A–F) D —
PDI-12—Existence of a mutual accountability review (A–F) B —
Drivers of growth
Gross domestic savings (% of GDP) 15.1 33.6
Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 14.9 18.5
Private sector fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 15.0 12.9
Gross primary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) 113.4 96.8
Gross secondary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) 54.4 ..
Gross tertiary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) .. ..
Public spending on education, total (% of gov't expenditure) 24.4 ..
Number of startup procedures to register a business 13.0 9
Time to start a business (days per procedure) 61 45
Cost to start a business (% of GNI per capita) 33.9 197.5
Time to register property (days) 46 80
Time to enforce a contract (days) 972 656
Protecting investors, disclosure index (0 low to 10 high) 0 5
Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (days) 104 302
Total tax rate (% of profit) 36.6 66.8
Average time to clear direct exports through customs (days) .. 10.1
Average time to clear imports through customs (days) .. 15.9
Rigidity of employment index (0 least rigid to 100 most rigid) 10 36
Delay for firms in obtaining electrical connection (days) .. 29.1
Electric power outages for firms (number per month) .. 10.5
Ratio of paved to total roads (%) 30.0 12.1
Road density (road km per 100 km2 of land area) 20.9 6.9
Real interest rate (%) 11.1 ..
Domestic credit to private sector (% of GDP) 25.6 39.4
Corruption as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Firms that believe court system is fair, impartial, & uncorrupt (%) .. —
Crime, theft, and disorder as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Tax rates as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Finance as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Electricity as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Labor regulations as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Labor skill level as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Irrigated land (% of cropland) 26.0 3.5
Fertilizer consumption (100 grams per hectare of arable land) .. ..
Tractors per 100 hectares of arable land 223 13
Cereal crop yield (kg per hectare) 1,146.4 1,251.2
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) 80.2 41.2
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) 80.1 37.1
Terms of trade index (2000 = 100) 133.0 ..
Real effective exchange rate (2000 = 100) .. 109.8
Export diversification index (%) 20.0 ..
Foreign direct investment, net inflows ($ millions) 14.3 ..
Workers' remittances received ($ millions) 1.5 6,055.6
Migrant remittance inflows ($ millions) 100.5 18,615.4
Capable states
IDA resource allocation index (1 low to 6 high) .. —
Corruption Perceptions Index score (0 corrupt to 10 clean) 3.6 —
Control of corruption (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.4 —
Voice and accountability (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –1.2 —
Political stability (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) 0.2 —
Government effectiveness (-2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.7 —
Regulatory quality (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.6 —
Rule of law (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.5 —
Combined polity score (–10 autocratic to 10 democratic) –9.0 —
Partnership
Net official development assistance (ODA) ($ millions) 67.4 35,688.7
Net ODA (% of GDP) 2.6 3.5
Net ODA per capita ($) 57.7 43.6
Net ODA from DAC donors ($ millions) 17.6 21,253.7
Net ODA from non-DAC bilateral donors ($ millions) –0.5 405.6
Net ODA from multilateral donors ($ millions) 50.3 14,029.4
Net ODA (% of central government expenditure) 10.9 24.9
PDI-1—Country with operational nat'l development strategies (A–F) .. —
PDI-12—Existence of a mutual accountability review (A–F) .. —
Drivers of growth
Gross domestic savings (% of GDP) .. 33.6
Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) .. 18.5
Private sector fixed capital formation (% of GDP) .. 12.9
Gross primary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) 112.4 96.8
Gross secondary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) .. ..
Gross tertiary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) 1.5 ..
Public spending on education, total (% of gov't expenditure) .. ..
Number of startup procedures to register a business 12.0 9
Time to start a business (days per procedure) 29 45
Cost to start a business (% of GNI per capita) 36.8 197.5
Time to register property (days) 73 80
Time to enforce a contract (days) 462 656
Protecting investors, disclosure index (0 low to 10 high) 3 5
Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (days) 172 302
Total tax rate (% of profit) 45.2 66.8
Average time to clear direct exports through customs (days) .. 10.1
Average time to clear imports through customs (days) .. 15.9
Rigidity of employment index (0 least rigid to 100 most rigid) 54 36
Delay for firms in obtaining electrical connection (days) .. 29.1
Electric power outages for firms (number per month) .. 10.5
Ratio of paved to total roads (%) 8.6 12.1
Road density (road km per 100 km2 of land area) 8.9 6.9
Real interest rate (%) 5.6 ..
Domestic credit to private sector (% of GDP) 16.3 39.4
Corruption as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Firms that believe court system is fair, impartial, & uncorrupt (%) .. —
Crime, theft, and disorder as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Tax rates as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Finance as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Electricity as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Labor regulations as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Labor skill level as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Irrigated land (% of cropland) 1.8 3.5
Fertilizer consumption (100 grams per hectare of arable land) 68.1 ..
Tractors per 100 hectares of arable land 23 13
Cereal crop yield (kg per hectare) 1,192.7 1,251.2
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) .. 41.2
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) .. 37.1
Terms of trade index (2000 = 100) .. ..
Real effective exchange rate (2000 = 100) .. 109.8
Export diversification index (%) 30.1 ..
Foreign direct investment, net inflows ($ millions) 647.0 ..
Workers' remittances received ($ millions) 8.3 6,055.6
Migrant remittance inflows ($ millions) 14.3 18,615.4
Capable states
IDA resource allocation index (1 low to 6 high) 3.8 —
Corruption Perceptions Index score (0 corrupt to 10 clean) 3.0 —
Control of corruption (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.5 —
Voice and accountability (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.1 —
Political stability (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) 0.0 —
Government effectiveness (-2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.5 —
Regulatory quality (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.4 —
Rule of law (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.3 —
Combined polity score (–10 autocratic to 10 democratic) –1.0 —
Partnership
Net official development assistance (ODA) ($ millions) 2,330.7 35,688.7
Net ODA (% of GDP) 11.4 3.5
Net ODA per capita ($) 54.9 43.6
Net ODA from DAC donors ($ millions) 1,365.7 21,253.7
Net ODA from non-DAC bilateral donors ($ millions) 4.8 405.6
Net ODA from multilateral donors ($ millions) 960.2 14,029.4
Net ODA (% of central government expenditure) .. 24.9
PDI-1—Country with operational nat'l development strategies (A–F) B —
PDI-12—Existence of a mutual accountability review (A–F) A —
Drivers of growth
Gross domestic savings (% of GDP) .. 33.6
Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) .. 18.5
Private sector fixed capital formation (% of GDP) .. 12.9
Gross primary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) 97.1 96.8
Gross secondary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) 39.3 ..
Gross tertiary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) 5.2 ..
Public spending on education, total (% of gov't expenditure) 17.2 ..
Number of startup procedures to register a business 7.0 9
Time to start a business (days per procedure) 75 45
Cost to start a business (% of GNI per capita) 205.0 197.5
Time to register property (days) 295 80
Time to enforce a contract (days) 588 656
Protecting investors, disclosure index (0 low to 10 high) 6 5
Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (days) 270 302
Total tax rate (% of profit) 52.7 66.8
Average time to clear direct exports through customs (days) .. 10.1
Average time to clear imports through customs (days) .. 15.9
Rigidity of employment index (0 least rigid to 100 most rigid) 54 36
Delay for firms in obtaining electrical connection (days) .. 29.1
Electric power outages for firms (number per month) .. 10.5
Ratio of paved to total roads (%) 31.6 12.1
Road density (road km per 100 km2 of land area) 13.8 6.9
Real interest rate (%) .. ..
Domestic credit to private sector (% of GDP) 19.2 39.4
Corruption as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Firms that believe court system is fair, impartial, & uncorrupt (%) .. —
Crime, theft, and disorder as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Tax rates as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Finance as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Electricity as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Labor regulations as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Labor skill level as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Irrigated land (% of cropland) 0.3 3.5
Fertilizer consumption (100 grams per hectare of arable land) 0.0 ..
Tractors per 100 hectares of arable land 0 13
Cereal crop yield (kg per hectare) 1,187.3 1,251.2
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) 40.4 41.2
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) 67.5 37.1
Terms of trade index (2000 = 100) .. ..
Real effective exchange rate (2000 = 100) 121.8 109.8
Export diversification index (%) 9.3 ..
Foreign direct investment, net inflows ($ millions) .. ..
Workers' remittances received ($ millions) 199.9 6,055.6
Migrant remittance inflows ($ millions) 229.0 18,615.4
Capable states
IDA resource allocation index (1 low to 6 high) 2.7 —
Corruption Perceptions Index score (0 corrupt to 10 clean) 2.7 —
Control of corruption (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –1.0 —
Voice and accountability (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –1.1 —
Political stability (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.1 —
Government effectiveness (-2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –1.4 —
Regulatory quality (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –1.1 —
Rule of law (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.8 —
Combined polity score (–10 autocratic to 10 democratic) –4.0 —
Partnership
Net official development assistance (ODA) ($ millions) 329.7 35,688.7
Net ODA (% of GDP) 11.7 3.5
Net ODA per capita ($) 51.0 43.6
Net ODA from DAC donors ($ millions) 176.0 21,253.7
Net ODA from non-DAC bilateral donors ($ millions) –0.5 405.6
Net ODA from multilateral donors ($ millions) 154.2 14,029.4
Net ODA (% of central government expenditure) 71.7 24.9
PDI-1—Country with operational nat'l development strategies (A–F) .. —
PDI-12—Existence of a mutual accountability review (A–F) B —
Drivers of growth
Gross domestic savings (% of GDP) 21.9 45.5
Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 24.1 23.4
Private sector fixed capital formation (% of GDP) .. 23.9
Gross primary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) 104.7 106.3
Gross secondary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) 88.0 ..
Gross tertiary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) 30.8 ..
Public spending on education, total (% of gov't expenditure) 20.5 20.5
Number of startup procedures to register a business 10.0 9.0
Time to start a business (days per procedure) 11 14
Cost to start a business (% of GNI per capita) 5.7 12.5
Time to register property (days) 39 51
Time to enforce a contract (days) 565 705
Protecting investors, disclosure index (0 low to 10 high) 5 6
Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (days) 228 379
Total tax rate (% of profit) 62.8 54.9
Average time to clear direct exports through customs (days) .. 9.8
Average time to clear imports through customs (days) .. 9.8
Rigidity of employment index (0 least rigid to 100 most rigid) 40 42
Delay for firms in obtaining electrical connection (days) .. 70.2
Electric power outages for firms (number per month) .. 5.4
Ratio of paved to total roads (%) 65.8 68.0
Road density (road km per 100 km2 of land area) 12.4 7.0
Real interest rate (%) .. ..
Domestic credit to private sector (% of GDP) 66.6 34.4
Corruption as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Firms that believe court system is fair, impartial, & uncorrupt (%) .. —
Crime, theft, and disorder as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Tax rates as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Finance as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Electricity as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Labor regulations as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Labor skill level as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Irrigated land (% of cropland) 7.4 ..
Fertilizer consumption (100 grams per hectare of arable land) 387.9 893.4
Tractors per 100 hectares of arable land 140 143
Cereal crop yield (kg per hectare) 1,434.3 2,483.8
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) 65.2 46.4
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) 68.3 36.9
Terms of trade index (2000 = 100) 96.5 ..
Real effective exchange rate (2000 = 100) 81.6 85.0
Export diversification index (%) 35.8 ..
Foreign direct investment, net inflows ($ millions) 1,515.3 18,544.3
Workers' remittances received ($ millions) 1,446.3 12,090.6
Migrant remittance inflows ($ millions) 1,715.8 18,238.0
Capable states
IDA resource allocation index (1 low to 6 high) .. —
Corruption Perceptions Index score (0 corrupt to 10 clean) 4.4 —
Control of corruption (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) 0.0 —
Voice and accountability (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –1.3 —
Political stability (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) 0.3 —
Government effectiveness (-2.5 worse to 2.5 better) 0.4 —
Regulatory quality (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) 0.1 —
Rule of law (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) 0.2 —
Combined polity score (–10 autocratic to 10 democratic) –4.0 —
Partnership
Net official development assistance (ODA) ($ millions) 478.8 3,420.2
Net ODA (% of GDP) 1.2 0.6
Net ODA per capita ($) 46.4 20.9
Net ODA from DAC donors ($ millions) 248.4 2,112.9
Net ODA from non-DAC bilateral donors ($ millions) –6.6 168.1
Net ODA from multilateral donors ($ millions) 237.0 1,139.3
Net ODA (% of central government expenditure) 8.8 7.0
PDI-1—Country with operational nat'l development strategies (A–F) .. —
PDI-12—Existence of a mutual accountability review (A–F) .. —
Drivers of growth
Gross domestic savings (% of GDP) 5.8 33.6
Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 23.3 18.5
Private sector fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 17.9 12.9
Gross primary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) 116.2 96.8
Gross secondary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) 22.5 ..
Gross tertiary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) .. ..
Public spending on education, total (% of gov't expenditure) 18.3 ..
Number of startup procedures to register a business 18.0 9
Time to start a business (days per procedure) 25 45
Cost to start a business (% of GNI per capita) 84.4 197.5
Time to register property (days) 77 80
Time to enforce a contract (days) 510 656
Protecting investors, disclosure index (0 low to 10 high) 2 5
Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (days) 161 302
Total tax rate (% of profit) 35.7 66.8
Average time to clear direct exports through customs (days) .. 10.1
Average time to clear imports through customs (days) .. 15.9
Rigidity of employment index (0 least rigid to 100 most rigid) 0 36
Delay for firms in obtaining electrical connection (days) .. 29.1
Electric power outages for firms (number per month) .. 10.5
Ratio of paved to total roads (%) 23.0 12.1
Road density (road km per 100 km2 of land area) 35.9 6.9
Real interest rate (%) 11.0 ..
Domestic credit to private sector (% of GDP) 14.1 39.4
Corruption as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Firms that believe court system is fair, impartial, & uncorrupt (%) .. —
Crime, theft, and disorder as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Tax rates as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Finance as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Electricity as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Labor regulations as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Labor skill level as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Irrigated land (% of cropland) 0.1 3.5
Fertilizer consumption (100 grams per hectare of arable land) 14.2 ..
Tractors per 100 hectares of arable land 9 13
Cereal crop yield (kg per hectare) 1,525.2 1,251.2
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) 15.6 41.2
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) 33.4 37.1
Terms of trade index (2000 = 100) 101.5 ..
Real effective exchange rate (2000 = 100) 92.7 109.8
Export diversification index (%) 10.4 ..
Foreign direct investment, net inflows ($ millions) 787.4 ..
Workers' remittances received ($ millions) 451.6 6,055.6
Migrant remittance inflows ($ millions) 451.6 18,615.4
Capable states
IDA resource allocation index (1 low to 6 high) 3.9 —
Corruption Perceptions Index score (0 corrupt to 10 clean) 3.2 —
Control of corruption (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.8 —
Voice and accountability (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.5 —
Political stability (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.9 —
Government effectiveness (-2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.5 —
Regulatory quality (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.1 —
Rule of law (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.5 —
Combined polity score (–10 autocratic to 10 democratic) –1.0 —
Partnership
Net official development assistance (ODA) ($ millions) 1,656.8 35,688.7
Net ODA (% of GDP) 11.4 3.5
Net ODA per capita ($) 52.3 43.6
Net ODA from DAC donors ($ millions) 1,005.0 21,253.7
Net ODA from non-DAC bilateral donors ($ millions) 4.7 405.6
Net ODA from multilateral donors ($ millions) 647.1 14,029.4
Net ODA (% of central government expenditure) 97.0 24.9
PDI-1—Country with operational nat'l development strategies (A–F) B —
PDI-12—Existence of a mutual accountability review (A–F) B —
Drivers of growth
Gross domestic savings (% of GDP) 24.7 33.6
Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 21.4 18.5
Private sector fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 15.5 12.9
Gross primary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) 119.0 96.8
Gross secondary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) 43.1 ..
Gross tertiary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) .. ..
Public spending on education, total (% of gov't expenditure) 14.8 ..
Number of startup procedures to register a business 6.0 9
Time to start a business (days per procedure) 18 45
Cost to start a business (% of GNI per capita) 28.4 197.5
Time to register property (days) 39 80
Time to enforce a contract (days) 471 656
Protecting investors, disclosure index (0 low to 10 high) 3 5
Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (days) 132 302
Total tax rate (% of profit) 16.1 66.8
Average time to clear direct exports through customs (days) 6.6 10.1
Average time to clear imports through customs (days) 6.6 15.9
Rigidity of employment index (0 least rigid to 100 most rigid) 21 36
Delay for firms in obtaining electrical connection (days) 97.0 29.1
Electric power outages for firms (number per month) 4.2 10.5
Ratio of paved to total roads (%) 22.0 12.1
Road density (road km per 100 km2 of land area) 12.3 6.9
Real interest rate (%) 7.5 ..
Domestic credit to private sector (% of GDP) 15.3 39.4
Corruption as major constraint (% of firms) 14.8 —
Firms that believe court system is fair, impartial, & uncorrupt (%) 55.0 —
Crime, theft, and disorder as major constraint (% of firms) 1.0 —
Tax rates as major constraint (% of firms) 25.5 —
Finance as major constraint (% of firms) 20.1 —
Electricity as major constraint (% of firms) 11.9 —
Labor regulations as major constraint (% of firms) 5.9 —
Labor skill level as major constraint (% of firms) 8.0 —
Irrigated land (% of cropland) 2.9 3.5
Fertilizer consumption (100 grams per hectare of arable land) 138.9 ..
Tractors per 100 hectares of arable land 11 13
Cereal crop yield (kg per hectare) 1,541.9 1,251.2
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) 36.8 41.2
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) 34.3 37.1
Terms of trade index (2000 = 100) 108.1 ..
Real effective exchange rate (2000 = 100) 145.7 109.8
Export diversification index (%) 2.5 ..
Foreign direct investment, net inflows ($ millions) 983.9 ..
Workers' remittances received ($ millions) 59.3 6,055.6
Migrant remittance inflows ($ millions) 59.3 18,615.4
Capable states
IDA resource allocation index (1 low to 6 high) 3.5 —
Corruption Perceptions Index score (0 corrupt to 10 clean) 3.2 —
Control of corruption (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.5 —
Voice and accountability (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.1 —
Political stability (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) 0.3 —
Government effectiveness (-2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.7 —
Regulatory quality (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.3 —
Rule of law (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –0.5 —
Combined polity score (–10 autocratic to 10 democratic) 5.0 —
Partnership
Net official development assistance (ODA) ($ millions) 1,085.9 35,688.7
Net ODA (% of GDP) 7.6 3.5
Net ODA per capita ($) 86.0 43.6
Net ODA from DAC donors ($ millions) 703.2 21,253.7
Net ODA from non-DAC bilateral donors ($ millions) 1.0 405.6
Net ODA from multilateral donors ($ millions) 381.7 14,029.4
Net ODA (% of central government expenditure) 84.0 24.9
PDI-1—Country with operational nat'l development strategies (A–F) B —
PDI-12—Existence of a mutual accountability review (A–F) B —
Drivers of growth
Gross domestic savings (% of GDP) .. 33.6
Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) .. 18.5
Private sector fixed capital formation (% of GDP) .. 12.9
Gross primary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) .. 96.8
Gross secondary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) .. ..
Gross tertiary school enrollment (% of relevant age group) .. ..
Public spending on education, total (% of gov't expenditure) .. ..
Number of startup procedures to register a business 10.0 9
Time to start a business (days per procedure) 96 45
Cost to start a business (% of GNI per capita) 4,999.5 197.5
Time to register property (days) 31 80
Time to enforce a contract (days) 410 656
Protecting investors, disclosure index (0 low to 10 high) 8 5
Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (days) 270 302
Total tax rate (% of profit) 39.4 66.8
Average time to clear direct exports through customs (days) .. 10.1
Average time to clear imports through customs (days) .. 15.9
Rigidity of employment index (0 least rigid to 100 most rigid) 33 36
Delay for firms in obtaining electrical connection (days) .. 29.1
Electric power outages for firms (number per month) .. 10.5
Ratio of paved to total roads (%) 19.0 12.1
Road density (road km per 100 km2 of land area) 25.1 6.9
Real interest rate (%) .. ..
Domestic credit to private sector (% of GDP) .. 39.4
Corruption as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Firms that believe court system is fair, impartial, & uncorrupt (%) .. —
Crime, theft, and disorder as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Tax rates as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Finance as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Electricity as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Labor regulations as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Labor skill level as major constraint (% of firms) .. —
Irrigated land (% of cropland) 5.2 3.5
Fertilizer consumption (100 grams per hectare of arable land) 410.7 ..
Tractors per 100 hectares of arable land 74 13
Cereal crop yield (kg per hectare) 649.0 1,251.2
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) .. 41.2
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) .. 37.1
Terms of trade index (2000 = 100) .. ..
Real effective exchange rate (2000 = 100) .. 109.8
Export diversification index (%) 10.8 ..
Foreign direct investment, net inflows ($ millions) .. ..
Workers' remittances received ($ millions) .. 6,055.6
Migrant remittance inflows ($ millions) .. 18,615.4
Capable states
IDA resource allocation index (1 low to 6 high) 1.4 —
Corruption Perceptions Index score (0 corrupt to 10 clean) 1.8 —
Control of corruption (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –1.4 —
Voice and accountability (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –1.5 —
Political stability (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –1.6 —
Government effectiveness (-2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –1.6 —
Regulatory quality (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –2.2 —
Rule of law (–2.5 worse to 2.5 better) –1.8 —
Combined polity score (–10 autocratic to 10 democratic) –4.0 —
Partnership
Net official development assistance (ODA) ($ millions) 611.0 35,688.7
Net ODA (% of GDP) .. 3.5
Net ODA per capita ($) 49.0 43.6
Net ODA from DAC donors ($ millions) 530.2 21,253.7
Net ODA from non-DAC bilateral donors ($ millions) 2.2 405.6
Net ODA from multilateral donors ($ millions) 78.6 14,029.4
Net ODA (% of central government expenditure) .. 24.9
PDI-1—Country with operational nat'l development strategies (A–F) .. —
PDI-12—Existence of a mutual accountability review (A–F) .. —
Agriculture value added is the gross output of forestry, hunting, and fishing
as well as cultivation of crops and livestock production (International Stan-
dard Industrial Classification revision 3 divisions 1–5) less the value of their
intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for deprecia-
tion of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources.
For countries that report that report national accounts data at producer
prices (Benin, the Republic of Congo, Côte d’Ivoire, Gabon, Ghana, Niger,
Rwanda, Tanzania, Togo, and Tunisia), gross value added at market prices
is used as the denominator. For countries that report national accounts
data at basic prices (all other countries), gross value added at factor cost is
used as the denominator. (World Bank and Organisation for Economic Co-
operation and Development national accounts data files)
Cereal crop yield includes wheat, rice, maize, barley, oats, rye, millet, sor-
ghum, buckwheat, and mixed grains. Cereal crops harvested for hay or
harvested green for food, feed, or silage and those used for grazing are
excluded. (Food and Agriculture Organization's Production Yearbook and
data files)
Consumer price index reflects changes in the cost to the average con-
sumer of acquiring a basket of goods and services that may be fixed or
changed at specified intervals, such as yearly. The Laspeyres formula is
generally used. (International Monetary Fund's International Financial Sta-
tistics database and data files)
Crime, theft, and disorder as major constraint are the percentage of firms
that ranked crime, theft, and disorder as a major constraint to current oper-
ations. (World Bank Enterprise Surveys)
Current account balance is the sum of net exports of goods and services,
net income, and net current transfers. All transfers not considered to be
Deaths of adults and children due to HIV/AIDS are the estimated number
of adults and children that have died based on the modeling of HIV sur-
veillance data using standard and appropriate tools. (Joint United Nations
Programme on HIV/AIDS and World Health Organizaiton's Report on the
Global AIDS Epidemic).
Electric power outages for firms are the average number of days per year
that establishments experienced power outages or surges from the public
grid. (World Bank Enterprise Surveys)
Exports of goods and services represent the value of all goods and other
market services provided to the rest of the world. They include the value
of merchandise, freight, insurance, transport, travel, royalties, license
fees, and other services, such as communication, construction, financial,
Firms that believe court system is fair, impartial, and uncorrupt are the
percentage of firms that believe the court system is fair, impartial, and
uncorrupt. (World Bank’s Doing Business project)
Gini index is the most commonly used measure of inequality. The coef-
ficient ranges from 0, which reflects complete equality, to 1, which indi-
cates complete inequality (one person has all the income or consumption,
all others have none). Graphically, the Gini coefficient can be easily rep-
resented by the area between the Lorenz curve and the line of equality.
(World Bank’s World Development Indicators database)
Gross domestic product (GDP) growth is the average annual growth rate
calculated from GDP at constant 2000 prices. (World Bank and Organisation
for Economic Co-operation and Development national accounts data files)
Gross domestic product (GDP) per capita is calculated by dividing real GDP
by the corresponding midyear population. (World Bank and Organisation for
Economic Co-operation and Development national accounts data files)
Gross domestic product (GDP) per capita growth is the average annual
growth rate of real GDP per capita. (World Bank and Organisation for Eco-
nomic Co-operation and Development national accounts data files)
HIV prevalence rate is the percentage of people ages 15–49 infected with
HIV. (Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS and the World Health
Organization’s Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic)
Imports of goods and services represent the value of all goods and other
market services received from the rest of the world. They include the value
of merchandise, freight, insurance, transport, travel, royalties, license
fees, and other services, such as communication, construction, financial,
information, business, personal, and government services. They exclude
labor and property income (formerly called factor services) as well as trans-
fer payments. (World Bank and Organisation for Economic Co-operation
and Development national accounts data files)
Improved water source refers to the percentage of the population with rea-
sonable access to an adequate amount of water from an improved source,
such as a household connection, public standpipe, borehole, protected
well or spring, or rainwater collection. Unimproved sources include vendors,
tanker trucks, and unprotected wells and springs. Reasonable access is
defined as the availability of at least 20 liters a person a day from a source
within one kilometer of the dwelling. (World Health Organization and United
Nations Children’s Fund’s Progress on Drinking Water and Sanitation)
Infant mortality rate is the number of infants dying before reaching one
year of age, per 1,000 live births. (World Health Organization, United
Nations Children’s Fund, and World Bank)
Labor skills as major constraint are the percentage of firms that ranked
skills of available workers as a major constraint to current operations.
(World Bank Enterprise Surveys)
Life expectancy at birth is the number of years a newborn infant would live
if prevailing patterns of mortality at the time of its birth were to remain the
same throughout its life. (World Bank)
Net official development assistance (ODA) is net ODA from the Organi-
sation for Economic Co-operation and Development’s Development Assis-
tance Committee (DAC), non-DAC bilateral ODA (from the Organization of
Petroleum Exporting Countries [OPEC], the former Council for Mutual Eco-
nomic Assistance [CMEA] countries, and China), and ODA from multilat-
eral donors. OPEC countries are Algeria, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Libya, Nigeria,
Qatar, Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, and Venezuela. The former
CMEA countries are Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, the former German Demo-
cratic Republic, Hungary, Poland, Romania, and the former Soviet Union).
(Organisation for Economic Co-operation)
Political stability measures the perceptions of the likelihood that the gov-
ernment will be destabilized or overthrown by unconstitutional or violent
means, including domestic violence or terrorism. (World Bank Institute’s
Worldwide Governance Indicators database)
Private sector fixed capital formation is gross fixed capital formation for
the private sector. Gross fixed capital formation consists of gross domestic
fixed capital formation plus net changes in the level of inventories, divided
by gross domestic product (GDP), which is obtained by converting national
currency GDP series in current prices to U.S. dollars at official annual
exchange rates. (World Bank and Organisation for Economic Co-operation
and Development national accounts data files)
Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school is the ratio of the
female gross enrollment rate to the to male gross enrollment rate in pri-
mary and secondary school. (United Nations Educational, Scientific, and
Cultural Organization Institute for Statistics)
Ratio of paved to total roads is the length of paved roads, which are surfaced
with crushed stone (macadam) and hydrocarbon binder or bituminized agents,
with concrete, or with cobblestones, as a percentage of the length of all the
country’s roads. (World Bank’s World Development Indicators database)
Real interest rate is the lending interest rate adjusted for inflation as mea-
sured by the gross domestic product (GDP) deflator. (International Mone-
tary Fund’s International Financial Statistics and data files and World Bank)
Road density is the total length of national road network per 1,000 square
kilometers of total land area. (World Bank’s World Development Indicators
database)
Rule of law measures the extent to which agents have confidence in and
abide by the rules of society, in particular the quality of contract enforce-
ment, the police, and the courts, as well as the likelihood of crime and vio-
lence. (World Bank Institute’s Worldwide Governance Indicators database)
Rural population is the difference between the total population and the
urban population. (United Nations Population Division's World Urbanization
Prospects and World Bank)
Tax rates as major constraint are the percentage of firms that ranked tax
rates as a major constraint to current operations. (World Bank Enterprise
Surveys)
Terms of trade index measures the relative movement of export and import
prices. This series is calculated as the ratio of a country’s export unit val-
ues or prices to its import unit values or prices shows changes over a base
year (2000) in the level of export unit values as a percentage of import
unit values. (World Bank and Organisation for Economic Co-operation and
Development national accounts data files)
Time to enforce a contract is the number of calendar days from the fil-
ing of the lawsuit in court until the final determination and, in appropriate
cases, payment. (World Bank’s Doing Business project)
Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes is the number of hours it takes to
prepare, file, and pay (or withhold) three major types of taxes: the corpo-
rate income tax, the value added or sales tax, and labor taxes, including
payroll taxes and social security contributions. (World Bank’s Doing Busi-
ness project)
Total tax rate is the total amount of taxes payable by the business (except
for labor taxes) after accounting for deductions and exemptions as a per-
centage of profit.
Tractors per 100 hectares of arable land are the number of wheel and
crawler tractors (excluding garden tractors) in use in agriculture at the end
of the calendar year or during the first quarter of the following year. Arable
land includes land defined by the Food and Agriculture Organization as
land under temporary crops (double-cropped areas are counted once), tem-
porary meadows for mowing or for pasture, land under market or kitchen
gardens, and land temporarily fallow. Land abandoned as a result of shift-
ing cultivation is excluded. (Food and Agriculture Organization's Production
Yearbook and data files)
Under-five mortality rate is the probability that a newborn baby will die
before reaching age 5, if subject to current age-specific mortality rates,
expressed as a rate per 1,000. (World Health Organization, United Nations
Children’s Fund, and World Bank)
Urban households with own telephone are the percentage of urban house-
holds possessing a telephone. (Demographic and Health Surveys)
Youth literacy rate is the percentage of people ages 15–24 who can, with
understanding, both read and write a short, simple statement about their
everyday life. (United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organi-
zation Institute for Statistics)
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