VT86 Ifg

DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY
COMMANDING OFFICER TRARON EIGHTY SIX

390 SAN CARLOS ROAD SUITE G PENSACOLA, FLORtDA 32508-5503

IN REI'!. Y REH!R TO:

TRARONEIGHTSIXINST 3710_1Y 30000

5 Jan 09

TRAINING SQUADRON EIGHT SIX INSTRUCTION 3710.1Y

From: Commanding Officer, Training Squadron EIGHT SIX

Subj: STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURES (SOP)

Ref: (a) OPNAVINST 3710.7 Series (b) T-39N/G NATOPS Manual

(c) CNATRAINST 3710_13 Series

(d) OPNAVINST 4790.2 (Volumes I-VI) (e) CNATRAINST 3710.2 Series

(f) CNATRAINST 3710_8 Series

(g) CNATRAINST 3710.1 Series

(h) COMTRAWINGSIXINST 3710.1 Series (i) NASPINST 3722.1 Series

(j) TRARONEIGHTYSIXINST 5400.1 Series (k) COMTRAWINGSIXINST 3710.15 Series (1) TRARONEIGHTYSIXNOTE 3740

(m) CNATRAINST 6410.2

(n) T-45C NATOPS Manual

1. Purpose_ To issue Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) for flight operations within VT-86.

2. Cancellation. TRARONEIGHTSIXINST 3710.1X

3_ General. This instruction is written to supplement references (a) through (n) and to cover those instances where there are no governing directives. Should conflict exist between this instruction and other publications, the higher level directive will govern.

TRARONEIGHTSIXINST 3710.1Y

4. Action. All personnel, including Reserve, Associate, and Contract employees, operating VT-86 aircraft shall comply with the contents of this instruction.

E. M. GALVIN

Distribution:

TRARONEIGHTSIXINST S216.6H (List I & II)

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CHAPTER ONE - GENERAL

100. Objective

101. Scope

102. Action

103. Waivers

104. Reference Directives

105. Change Procedures

CHAPTER TWO - GENERAL OPERATIONS

200. General

201. Crew Day/Crew Rest

202. CDO

203. Call Signs

204. Cross-Country Flights

205. Static Displays

206. Airsickness

207. BASH

208. Chock Removal

CHAPTER THREE - T-39N/G AIRCRAFT PROCEDURES

300. General Aircrew Training and Qualifications

301. Instrument Qualifications

302. NATOPS Qualifications

303. NATOPS Instructor Qualifications

304. Mission Qualifications and Designations


305. Aircrew Currency

306. Instructor Proficiency Flights (IPF)

307. Crew Positions

308. GFR Pilots

309. General Regulations

310. Minimum Equipment

311. Observers

312. Water Temperature

313. Severe Weather

314. Flight Plans

315. Briefing/Debriefing

316. Fuel Requirements

317. Taxi

318. Cockpit Seat Exchanges

319. Formation Flights

320. Low Level Flight

321. Bird Strike

322. WSO Pattern

323. Aircrew Coordination

324. Guard Frequency

CHAPTER FOUR - T-45C AIRCRAFT PROCEDURES

400. General Aircrew Training and Qualifications


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403. NATOPS Instructor Qualifications


405. Functional Check Flight (FCF) Qualifications

406. Aircrew Currency Requirements

407. Annual Out of Control Flight (OCF) Training

408. General Regulations

409. Minimum Equipment

410. Observers

411. Water Temperature

412. Severe weather

413. BFM Training Rules


415. Taxi

416. Section Formation Flights

417. Division Formation Flights

418. Safety

419. G-Overstress

420. Low Level

421. Bird Strike

422. Aircrew Coordination

423. Guard Frequency

424. NORDO

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RECORD OF CHANGES

IV


CHAPTER ONE

GENERAL

100. Objective. The objective of this instruction is to ensure standardization of flight operations conducted by VT-86. This Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) instruction is written to supplement general directives already in existence, thereby providing aircrew operating VT-86 aircraft with uniform procedures for flight operations and training.

101. Scope. These procedures are applicable to flights conducted in VT-86 aircraft, or in aircraft assigned to fulfill VT-86 training requirements. These instructions are not to be construed as restricting or impeding any deviation from standard procedures in order to maintain safety of flight, however such deviations shall be reported as soon as possible to the Safety and Operations Officers. This instruction is written primarily to provide guidance in instances where no other governing references exist.

102. Action. All personnel, including Reserve, Associate, and Contract employees, participating in the operation and

support of aircraft assigned to VT-86 shall be thoroughly familiar with and comply with this instruction.

103. Waivers. Only the Commanding Officer or his designated representative(s) may approve deviations from this instruction to meet operational commitments or to allow for unusual circumstances. In descending order, the Executive Officer, Operations Officer, and if applicable, the detachment Officerin-Charge (OIC) are afforded the special trust as designated representative for approving SOP deviations. Where such deviation is authorized, it will be brought to the attention of the Commanding Officer as soon as possible.

104. Reference Directives. References (a) through (n), while not all-inclusive, provide the minimum level of required familiarity for squadron aircrew.

105. Change Procedures. Change recommendations to this instruction shall be submitted to the VT-86 Commanding Officer via the Operations Officer.


CHAPTER TWO

GENERAL OPERATIONS

200. General. Before flying as an instructor or student in a VT-86 aircraft, an Emergency Data Sheet shall be on file with the squadron.

201. Crew Day/Crew Rest. The crew duty day for students and instructors shall be scheduled in accordance with reference (h) Additionally, student crew day begins 30 minutes prior to brief or official duty and ends one hour after landing or completion of official duty, not to exceed 12 hours. 12 hours of continuous crew rest shall be afforded for both instructors and students following completion of the duty day. The CO, XO, or Operations Officer may waive the instructor duty day to a maximum of 18 hours on a case-by-case basis. Aircrew may not fly more than three sorties or 6.5 hours daily. Authorization to exceed these limits can only be approved by the Commanding Officer.

202. Command Duty Officer (CDO)

a. Specific responsibilities and qualifications requirements for the Command Duty Officer (CDO) are delineated in reference (j). The CDO's primary responsibility is to ensure the daily flight schedule is completed safely and efficiently.

b. The CDO will coordinate changes to the squadron flight schedule with the appropriate Wingleader or designated Operations Department representative. The CDO shall request authorization to change the daily flight schedule from the Operations Officer and annotate these changes in red on the flight schedule board. Additions to the flight schedule must be approved by the Commanding Officer. In the absence of the Commanding Officer, the Executive Officer, Operations Officer, or Assistant Operations Officer may authorize the addition.

c. The CDO is authorized to add Flight Surgeons and Student observers to the flight schedule if they meet the following requirements:

(1) Flight Surgeons must be on the wing cleared to fly list (COMTRAWINGSIXNOTE 3710), approved for the particular aircraft (T-39 or T-45), and not have an expired Flight Physical Exam date. If there is any question about approval, see the


Commanding Officer, the Executive Officer, Operations Officer, or Assistant Operations Officer.

(2) Flight Students must be in training at TW-6

and not in a down status. Students shall not be allowed to observe a FS-2X, OR COMP-5X. Students in ground school may observe flights prior to their FAM-O if they are medically qualified and receive egress training from a qualified Mission Commander before the flight. The training will be documented on a form at the CDO desk and will be given to Student Control immediately following the flight. Care should be taken not to let a student observe a 3rd or 4th cycle flight if it will prevent proper crew rest prior to the next day's scheduled events.

d. FCFs shall be approved by the Commanding Officer. In the absence of the Commanding Officer, the Executive Officer or Operations Officer may authorize the FCF. Additionally, FCFs shall be executed lAW COMTRAWINGINST 3710.K which requires local weather allowing VFR launches and recoveries. FCFs shall be conducted in VMC.

e. The CDO shall be on station 1.0 hours prior to the first takeoff and will end with the last plane on deck. A VT-86 CDO must be assigned and on duty whenever a VT-86 aircraft is airborne during local operations. Local operations shall be defined as flights that are within one leg of NAS Sherman Field. Weekend CDO shall be on station 2.0 hours prior to the scheduled land time of the last leg of any returning cross-country flights. Both the Mission Commander and CDO shall coordinate land times if other than scheduled so the CDO can be present. Weekend cross country Mission Commanders shall keep the CDO informed of takeoff and land times while enroute.

f. All squadron aircraft shall notify the CDO when leaving the VT-86 line by calling "Base, ROKTxxx, outbound" and upon return to the line report "Base, ROKTxxx, back with (flight time) and (number of X's complete)."

203. Call Signs. The following Call Signs will be assigned to all TRARON EIGHTY-SIX aircraft.

a. T-39N/G:

(1) ROKT 500

CTW-6

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(2) ROKT 501 CO

(3) ROKT 502 = XO

(4) ROKT 503-550 = daily flights

Note: 512, 517 and 518 are retired and will not be used.

(5) ROKT 551-599 = Det Flights

(6) ROKT 950-959 = Maintenance (FCF)

b. T-45C:

(1 ) ROKT 400 CTW-6
(2 ) ROKT 401 :=:: CO
(3 ) ROKT 402 = XO
(4 ) ROKT 403 - 450 :::: Daily Flights
(5 ) ROKT 451 - 499 Det Flights
(6 ) ROKT 920 - 929 - Maintenance (FCF)
204. Cross-Country Flights a. Per reference (e), flights that originate or terminate at a location other than NAS Pensacola are considered crosscountry flights. Aircrew will conduct preflight, flight, and post-flight operations in accordance with appropriate NATOPS and this instruction. Mission Commanders are responsible for all aspects of cross-country planning and ensuring that the flights are conducted professionally and safely. For five or more squadron T/M/S aircraft at one cross-country destination, a 5050 notice must also be drafted and briefed to CTW-6 with an Officer-in-charge (OIC) identified.

b. Non-curriculum cross-country flights in the T-39 and T-45 may be authorized by the Commanding Officer to maintain pilot/NFO proficiency.

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TRARONEIGHTSlXINST 3710.1Y

c. Requests for weekend cross-country flights will be submitted by 1600 on Friday the week before the flight is to occur on CNATRA-GEN 3700/2 (REV 4-75) with per diem and lodging costs. A request for a Thursday departure for a long weekend must be in by Friday 2 weeks prior for Wing approval. See the Assistant Operations Officer for an electronic version of the form. The Mission Commander is responsible for ensuring the request is thoroughly researched and completed lAW reference (e) as well as lAW local/squadron directives, including verification of quarters availability, recall numbers, points of contact, SOAR requirements, obtaining PPR's where required and all necessary aircraft servicing. Out of CONUS cross-countries must be approved by CNATRA/NAVAIR and shall be submitted NLT 40 days prior. Basic guidelines for planning are one curriculum event per leg for T-39 and T-45 cross-countries.

d. Cross-country requests will be routed as follows

(1) Appropriate Wing Leaders - assign/schedule students and staff.

(2) Assistant Operations Officer - review.

(3) Operations Officer - review.

(4) Commanding Officer - approval.

(5) Operations will then get the necessary

approval, if required from CTW-6, and forward the approved requests to Admin for orders. Orders can be picked-up the day prior at the squadron duty desk.

e. Flights will be planned so as not to exceed three sorties or 6.5 hours of flight time per day. Provisions for adequate crew rest will be in accordance with reference (a) and this instruction and shall be the responsibility of the Aircraft/Mission Commander.

f. Operations will be planned so as not to require special handling by transient maintenance crews. In no case will the flight be planned to terminate later than 2400 local time or in excess of crew day requirements lAW reference (h).

g. Authorized Airfields for VT-86 aircraft shall be in lAW references (e) and (h).

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(1) Minimum T-39 runway length shall be 5000 feet or the critical field length plus 500 feet, whichever is greaterj 6000 feet for T-45's.

(2) VT-86 aircraft are prohibited from landing at airfields which do not have contract fuel, except in the case of an emergency or if servicing is not required.

(3) If a landing, parking, or overnight fee is required at destination, prior command approval is required.

h. Flights will not be planned to terminate at airfields where braking action is forecast or reported to be less than "fair", or the runway condition reading (RCR) is 12 or less for VT-86 aircraft.

l. Flights will not be planned to locations with forecast snow accumulation during the period of stay. Good judgment is required to prevent VT-86 aircraft/personnel from becoming "snowed-in" while on cross-country events.

J. Mission Commanders/Pilots in Command will ensure that the VT-86 CDO receives flight time, aircraft status, recall and any other appropriate details immediately upon reaching final destination on a cross-country flight. The CDO will notify the Operations Officer and commanding Officer of cross-country status and of any deviations to the approved itinerary due to weather, aircraft status, etc. The CDO/SDO shall be contacted by cross-country/out-and-in flights at all stopover points. Call DSN or toll free (888) 762-9837.

k. All cross-country flights will be planned to arrive at NAS Pensacola as scheduled, unless prior arrangement has been made with the Operations Officer and Command Duty Officer (CDO)

1. The cross-country flight will proceed as approved on the CROSS COUNTRY FLIGHT REQUEST. Deviations from this approved request, such as addition of a flight leg, deletion of a flight leg or change of destination, will require prior approval of the Operations Officer. This paragraph should not be construed as restricting in-flight deviations to an alternate or another suitable airfield in the event the Pilot in Command deems the deviation necessary for the safety of the aircraft and crew.

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This includes early departures from a field to avoid being "weathered-in". Any deviation shall be reported to the squadron CDO/SDO immediately.

m. A fuel packet and U.S. Government AIR card will be checked out from Maintenance Control by the Aircraft Commander/Pilot In Command. The Aircraft Commander shall be solely accountable for the proper use and return of these items. T-39 Mission Commanders will turn in all fuel receipts attached to a fuel receipt form so that they can be routed through RMS. T-45 PIC's shall comply with maintenance-directed post-flight procedures IRT fuel receipts.

n. lAW reference (e), all cross-country flights shall attempt to coordinate support to the maximum extent possible towards the recruiting effort as outlined in the instruction.

205. Static Displays.

a. Approval Authority is lAW reference (h).

b. Flight or Aerial Demonstrations are strictly prohibited while participating in a static display or on a cross-country flight.

c. Specific aircraft requirements and regulations shall be lAW reference (h) and applicable NATOPS.

206. Airsickness. A student who becomes airsick shall be managed lAW reference (m). Airsickness binders are located at the CDO desk for reference and action.

207. BASH.

a. Takeoffs and Landings:

(1) CO permission (delegated if necessary to the command Duty Officer) is required for takeoffs from any airfield reporting SEVERE bird hazard via USAHAS that is confirmed by actual conditions reported at the field (i.e. ATIS or Tower).

(2) If arriving at an airfield forecast to be severe, aircrew will verify with tower the actual bird condition prior to beginning the approach. If tower confirms bird activity to

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be severe, aircrew will conduct a straight-in, full stop landing only.

(3) If the drop-in airfield is in an area forecast to have severe bird activity, aircrew will call tower prior to commencing an approach to determine the actual bird condition. If bird activity is severe, aircrew will not conduct practice approaches.

b. Low level: If either the BAM or AHAS forecast indicates severe bird activity, aircrew will check the AHAS within one hour of route entry (or radio the squadron CDO) to get an updated AHAS assessment based on observed activity (NEXRAD). If the AHAS radar observation indicates severe

activity on the route or route segments, aircrew should fly the affected route segment no lower than 15001 AGL. The decision to break off from the affected route will be at the discretion of the Mission Commander if they deem continued operations on the route to be unsafe.

208. Chock Removal. When away from home field, respective Aircraft Commander or MCs shall confer with linemen to ensure they remove the chocks and stow them totally away from the aircraft (beyond the wingtips), and not just pull them and leave them underneath the aircraft behind the nose gear. In the absence of a lineman, the Aircraft Commander or MC shall verify that the chocks have been pulled and placed beyond the wing tip and aft of the main mounts, prior to entering the aircraft.

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CHAPTER THREE

T-39N/G AIRCRAFT PROCEDURES

300. General Aircrew Training and Qualifications. Maintenance of aircrew qualifications is the responsibility of the individual aircrew. Procedures set forth herein do not relieve aircrew of this responsibility.


a. Annual Instrument Ground School class completion will be forwarded through the T-39 NATOPS Officer and properly documented in the individual's NATOPS jacket.

b. NFO and Navigator instrument check flights are not required.


a. Initial NATOPS qualifications and annual NATOPS requalifications shall be in accordance with references (a), (b) and (c). Pilot qualifications shall be limited to appropriate contract or CTW-6 designated pilots.

b. Initial and Annual NATOPS check flights will be conducted on dedicated flights with no student training in the same aircraft.

c. Initial Mission Commander NATOPS checks require a minimum of 7.5 hours flight time in the T-39.

d. In compliance with CNATRAINST 3710.13F, T-39 Mission Commanders shall complete an emergency procedures simulator at FSI no later than 6 months +/- 30 days from their annual NATOPS checks. If no simulator period is available, this requirement may be completed on an IPROF flight, or with a qualified NATOPS instructor in a static T-39.

303. NATOPS Instructor Qualifications. NATOPS Instructor and Assistant NATOPS Instructor Qualifications shall be in accordance with references (a), (b), (c), and (d). Re-qualifications for both shall be conducted annually. The NATOPS Model Manager/Wing Evaluator shall administer initial qualification and requalification for the Squadron NATOPS Instructor. Either the


NATOPS Model Manager/Wing Evaluator or the Squadron NATOPS Instructor will conduct initial qualification and requalification for Assistant NATOPS Instructors. Reference (a) requires only one NATOPS Instructor for the squadron. All others will be designated Assistant NATOPS Instructors. Nominations for the Squadron NATOPS Instructor and Assistant NATOPS Instructor(s) require the following:

a. One year as a squadron Mission Commander.

b. Minimum one year remaining in the squadron.

c. Nomination by the Safety Officer and T/M/S NATOPS Officer.

d. Successful completion of the NATOPS evaluation shall consist of an open book, closed book and Immediate Action examinations and a flight evaluation. All exams will be completed, graded and logged prior to the NATOPS flight evaluation. Designation will be in writing by the Commanding Officer.


a. Mission Commanders shall be NATOPS and instrument qualified Naval Flight Officers or Air Force Navigators who are designated as qualified instructors in the stage in which training is to be conducted. All qualified Mission Commanders shall be designated in writing by the Commanding Officer and shall be assigned for all T-39 Strike or Strike-Fighter syllabus training flights.

b. A Standardization Instructor shall be assigned to evaluate annual standardization check flights and IUT events. STAN Instructors will be nominated by the appropriate stage Standardization Officer via the chain of command and approved by the Commanding Officer. It is recommended that instructors have a minimum of one year of experience as a qualified instructor before being recommended as a Stan/IUT Instructor.

c. T-39 Functional Check Crewmembers (FCC) shall be assigned to all T-39 FCF flights. Designation shall be in accordance with reference (h). Additionally, the following is required for designation:

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(1) A minimum of 200 T-39N/G hours as an Instructor in VT-86.

(2) Nomination by the Safety Officer and Operations Officer.

(3) Briefing by a senior T-39 FCC to include preflight, flight and post-flight techniques and procedures, available operating areas, appropriate controlling agencies and required weather minimums.

(4) Completion of the T-39 FCF written exam.

(5) Completion of a T-39 emergency procedures simulator (FSI).

(6) Completion of a T-39 FCF Profile "A" with a senior T-39 FCC in a fully mission capable T-39.

A squadron Senior T-39 FCC shall be defined as an already designated squadron T-39 FCC with experience commensurate with the title.

305. Aircrew Currency

a. Requirements:

(1) Hold a current NATOPS qualification in model.

(2) Hold a valid instrument qualification.

(3) Fly at least one sortie every 14 calendar days.

(4) Complete an abbreviated Immediate Action/limits exam monthly and ensure read and initial card is green prior to any flight.

(5) Complete a written standardization test and a standardization check flight annually.

(6) Meet syllabus currency requirements per ref (1).

(7) Prior to T-39 FAM A, rUTs shall complete the T-39 NAMO classes, pass a Immediate Action emergency procedures and limits exam, and complete the open and closed book NATOPS tests.

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b. Aircrew Currency may be re-established as follows:

(1) If T-39 currency was lost do to numbers 1,2,4,5, or 6 in section 305.a, completion of those requirements will reestablish currency.

(2) If T-39 currency was lost due to number 3:

(a) 15-30 days: Complete a Immediate Action emergency procedures exam.

(b) 31-60 days: Complete a Immediate Action emergency procedures exam and open book NATOPS exam.

(c) 60 days or greater: Complete an Immediate Action emergency procedures exam, an open and closed book NATOPS exam and an instructor proficiency flight.

c. Aircrew Syllabus currency flights shall be executed and be in compliance with CNATRAINST 1550.61 and CNATRAINST 3710.13F.

306. Instructor Proficiency Flights (IPF). T-39 MCs shall fly a right seat proficiency flight once every 90 days. Flights require one takeoff and one landing with the MC in the right seat. FCF's satisfy the proficiency flight requirement. Annual evaluation flights will count as 90-day proficiency flights.

307. Crew Positions. The instructor NFO/Mission Commander may occupy the copilot's seat any time he/she or the pilot feel the situation warrants this action. Per reference (a), the T-39 is neither configured for nor assigned an all weather mission, and is therefore considered single piloted for approach minimums regardless of the crew position of the NATOPS qualified NFO/Mission Commander.

308. GFR Pilots. GFR pilots may fly T-39 training sorties in accordance with enclosure (h).

309. General Regulations. All flights in TRARON EIGHTY-SIX aircraft shall be conducted in compliance with the provision of applicable OPNAV, CNATRA, TRAWING SIX, and TRARON EIGHTY-SIX instructions.

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310. Minimum Equipment. All Communications/Navigation Equipment shall be checked on every flight. Any deviations from the following minimum equipment list will be at the discretion of the CO, XO, or Operations Officer.

Crew Station Equipment Mission
S/F ANAV L RNAV STK/CO
L MP
Forward Instructor Seat Movable X X X X X
ICS X X X X X
Forward Student Pressure Altimeter X X X X X
VSI X X X X X
HSI X X X X X
Mach/AS Indicator X X X X X
Fuel Quantity X X X X X
IFF X X X X X
COMM(I) X X X X X
NAV (2 ) X X X X X
Radar(3) X X X Note:

(1) Two of the three systems in the T-39N (2) Two of three systems including DME.

(3) On a case-by-case basis, an A/A radar may be converted into an A/G radar for strike and composite missions only. The procedure is to pull the RAD ANT c/b prior to turning on the radar. Once the radar has aligned, reset the RAD ANT c/b.

311. Observers. Observers shall be in accordance with COMTRAWINGSIXNOTE 3710. Requests for observers must by made to the Commanding Officer, via the Operations Officer, for CTW- 6/CNATRA approval. Observers must be in flight suits unless a specific waiver is approved by CTW-6.

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312. Water Temperature. In the event the water temperature in W-155 is 60 degrees Fahrenheit or below, or the outside air temperature is 32 degrees Fahrenheit or below (wind chill factor corrected), T-39 flights will be planned to the Pensacola South MOA or other overland working areas. The water and air temperature should be from the National Data Buoy Center Station #42040, which is located 64 nautical miles south of Dauphin Island. The data can be obtained from the following website: http://www.ndbc.noaa.gov/Maps/Florida.shtml and then clicking on 42040.

313. Severe Weather. T-39 aircraft shall not file into/through areas covered by Aviation Severe Weather Watch Bulletin, Military Aviation Weather Warnings, or CNATRA Aviation Weather Warnings. T-39 aircraft shall not file into/through SIGMETS issued by the National Weather Service unless the aircraft is equipped with an operable radar capable of detecting thunderstorms and the mission commander has approval from the CO. The crew must be able to comfortably and safely navigate around any severe weather. Weather minimums for take-off should be predicated on pilot experience and good judgment but in no case will VT-86 aircraft take-off with less than OPNAV standard instrument rating minimums.

a. Icing. T-39 shall not file into areas with known or forecast severe icing conditions. T-39 aircraft shall not operate in icing. If icing is observed, the crew shall exit the icing conditions as soon as possible.

b. Turbulence. T-39 aircraft shall not be flown in areas where severe turbulence is forecasted. In the low-level environment, if aircrew experience severe turbulence, low level flight shall be discontinued. Low-level flights in designated mountainous terrain shall not be flown if moderate or greater turbulence is forecast or experienced.

314. Flight Plans. All flight briefs will take place in the squadron briefing spaces. The brief shall commence at the MCGprescribed brief time prior to scheduled take-off with the Mission Commander and the appropriate students. Flights requiring a DD-175 will be input into the Navy Flight Weather Briefer. The DD-17S-l will be completed in the FWB NLT than 1 hour prior to scheduled takeoff. The Mission Commander shall review the DD-175-1, sign and file the DD-175. Aircrew shall

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fax or personally deliver the DD-175 to Base Ops. Mission Commanders shall ensure a copy of the DD-175 is left with the Squadron CDO prior to departure.

315. Briefing/Debriefing

a. A face to face NATOPS brief shall be conducted with the L-3 pilot prior to walking to the aircraft. All Strike Fighter flights will complete this brief in the contract pilot spaces. Only 1st cycle Strike Flights will conduct this brief in the VT-86 squadron spaces, all others will take place in the contract pilot spaces.

b. Post-flight debrief shall take place in squadron spaces with all aircrew present including contract pilots. If there are maintenance discrepancies, post-flight debrief shall take place in the contract pilot spaces.


a. All flights shall be planned so as to land with a minimum of 1100 pounds of fuel remaining.

b. Minimum fuel shall be declared whenever the estimated total usable fuel at the point of landing will be less than 1,000 pounds but greater than 800 pounds.

c. Emergency fuel shall be declared whenever the estimated total usable fuel at the point of landing will be less than 800 pounds. The Pilot/MC shall declare an emergency and report fuel remaining in minutes.

317. Taxi

a. Upon leaving the chocks, pilots shall perform a brake check.

b. Taxi speed in the line area shall be no faster than the taxi director can walk.

c. Aircraft shall taxi on taxiway centerline during night operations.

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d. Extreme care shall be taken to ensure that taxi light use does not inhibit the vision of other alr or ground crew personnel.

318. Cockpit Seat Exchanges. Flights requiring students to change seating in the cockpit of the T-39 presents a possible safety of flight danger. The following procedure shall be standardized and briefed as follows:

a. Swap should be made only after aircraft is in level flight and at a minimum altitude of 1500' AGL.

h. Instructor seat will be fully stowed.

c. After the first student is completely out of the seat and has moved to the back of the aircraft, the second student may enter the co-pilot's seat. Care will be taken so as not to bump the yoke, console or overhead switches, while moving in and out of the co-pilot's seat.

319. Formation Flights. Formation flights are not authorized, except in case of an emergency requiring an airborne visual inspection. In such a case, two-way pilot-to-pilot communications shall be established, and airspeed, altitude, and intentions shall be made clear.

320. Low Level Flight

a. Minimum Altitude for low-level training is 500' AGL. The radar altimeter shall be set at 90% of the briefed minimum altitude. All aircrew will abide by the Low Altitude Training Rules as published in the Wing In-flight Guide.

b. Minimum weather for low-level flights shall be a 3,000 foot ceiling and 5 miles visibility.

c. Aircrew shall exit the low-level route 30 minutes prior to sunset.

d. All comms will be in accordance with reference (h).

321. Bird Strike. In the event of a known or suspected bird strike, the mission shall be terminated.

322. WSO Pattern. An operable air-to-air radar is required for

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the fighter and the bogey during all advanced intercept flights. A T-39G will not be used as a bogey for advanced intercepts.

323. Aircrew Coordination. All VT-86 aircrew shall strictly adhere to aircrew coordination guidelines put forth per reference (b).

324. Guard Frequency. Guard Frequency shall be monitored at all times, normally on the #2 UHF radio.

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CHAPTER FOUR

T-4SC AIRCRAFT PROCEDURES

400. General Aircrew Training and Qualifications. Maintenance of aircrew qualifications is the responsibility of the individual aircrew. Procedures set forth do not relieve aircrew of this responsibility.

401.

Instrument Qualifications

a. Initial instrument evaluation and annual renewal will be in accordance with reference (a) with the following stipulation:

(1) Initial instrument evaluation shall be

completed in the T-4SC aircraft. Subsequent annual evaluation/renewal may be conducted in either the Instrument Flight Trainer (1FT), Operational Flight Trainer (OFT), or T-4SC aircraft as required by the Operations Officer.

b. Instrument qualification expiration will be listed in the squadron monthly qualification notice published by the Safety/NATOPS department.

c. Instrument check pilot qualification and requalification procedures shall be in accordance with references (a ) . (c), and (n).


a. pilot NATOPS qualification and re-qualification procedures shall be in accordance with references (a) and (n). The following shall be completed by the pilot prior to the NATOPS evaluation with the examinations completed, graded and entered into the pilot's NATOPS jacket prior to the flight evaluation:

(1) T-4SC Open Book Exam

(2) T-4SC Closed Book Exam

(3) T-4SC Immediate Action Exam


b. NFO's, Navigators (staff/associate/reserve) and Squadron Flight Surgeons desiring a T-4SC backseat qualification, will keep this qualification current in accordance with reference (a). They shall also complete the following annual requirements:

(1) SJU-17 ejection seat lecture

(2) T-4SC NATOPS open book examination

(3) T-4SC Immediate Action examination

(4) T-4SC CRM lecture

(S) Emergency egress drill

Upon completion of backseat qualification requirements, the aircrew member will be designated as a ATM Observer by the Commanding Officer.

c. In compliance with CNATRAINST 3710.13F, T-4SC Instructor pilots shall complete an emergency procedures simulator no later than 6 months +/- 30 days from their annual NATOPS checks in either the Operational Flight Trainer (OFT) or Instrument Flight Trainer (1FT). If no simulator period is available, this requirement may be completed on a dual-IP flight, or with a qualified NATOPS instructor in a static T-4SC.

403. NATOPS Instructor Qualifications. NATOPS Instructor and Assistant NATOPS Instructor Qualifications shall be in accordance with references (a), (c), and (n). Re-qualifications for both shall be conducted annually. The NATOPS Wing Evaluator shall administer initial qualification and re-qualification for the Squadron NATOPS Instructor. The T-4SC aircraft or Operational Flight Trainer (OFT) may be utilized. Either the NATOPS Wing Evaluator or the Squadron NATOPS Instructor will conduct initial qualification and re-qualification for Assistant NATOPS Instructors. The T-4SC aircraft or OFT may be utilized. Reference (a) requires only one NATOPS Instructor for the squadron. All others will be designated Assistant NATOPS Instructors. Nominations for the Squadron NATOPS Instructor and Assistant NATOPS Instructor(s) require the following:

a. Full syllabus qualification (Contact/WEPS/BFM) i

2


b. Minimum one year remaining in the squadron;

c. Nomination by the Safety Officer and T/M/S NATOPS Officer.

The NATOPS evaluation shall consist of an open book, closed book and Immediate Action examinations and a flight evaluation. All exams will be completed, graded and logged prior to the NATOPS flight evaluation. Designation will be in writing by the Commanding Officer.


a. The Pilot in Command (PIC) will be a NATOPS qualified pilot who signs for the aircraft, thereby assuming responsibility for the safety of the aircraft and crew. On NATOPS check flights, instrument check flights, Spin/OCF Flights and rUT events, the Check Pilot/Evaluator will be the PIC.

b. The ATM Instructor Pilot will be designated by the Commanding Officer when the Contact rUT is completed. Upon designation, the rUT will be able to instruct the Contact portion of the syllabus.

c. A Weapons Instructor will have at least 10 Contact flights instructing students before beginning the Weapons IUT. Upon completion of the Weapons rUT, the IUT will be able to instruct section and division weapons flights. Flight Lead criteria is applicable as set forth in the Designated Section Leader/Division Leader paragraph(s).

d. A Designated Section Leader is required in any flight of two unless an emergency exists which requires join up of two non-section leaders. Requirements for section leader designation are categorized into previously designated fleet section leader or not previously designated fleet section leader.

(1) Previously designated fleet section leader requires the following to be designated a VT-86 ATM section leader:

(a) Completed the Contact rUT syllabus.

(b) Accumulated 50 hours in a VT-86 T-45C

3

TRARONEIGHTSIXINST 37l0.lY

aircraft.

(c) Completed the Weapons rUT syllabus.

(d) Nominated by the ATM Standardization Officer via the chain of command and designated by the Commanding Officer.

(2) Not previously designated fleet section leader requires the following to be designated a VT-86 ATM section leader:

(a) Completed the Contact IUT syllabus.

(b) Accumulated 100 hours in a VT-86 T-4SC

aircraft.

(c) Completed the Weapons IUT syllabus.

(d) Completed a VT-86 ATM section leader work-up syllabus as prescribed by the ATM Standardization Officer and approved by the Commanding Officer.

(e) Nominated by the ATM Standardization Officer via the chain of command and designated by the Commanding officer.

e. A BFM Instructor pilot requires the following for qualification as a VT-86 ATM BFM Instructor Pilot:

(1) Completed the Weapons IUT syllabus.

(2) Accumulated a minimum of 100 VT-86 T-45C

hours. The Commanding Officer may waive this requirement based on individual experience.

(3) Completed the BFM rUT syllabus.

(4) Designation by the Commanding Officer.

f. A Designated Division Leader is required in all flights of three or more aircraft. Division Leaders will be nominated by the ATM Standardization Officer via the chain of command and designated by the Commanding Officer. Nomination will be based on previous experience, flight leadership qualities and the

4


needs of the Squadron. Prerequisites include Section Leader designation. If a candidate has been designated as a division lead in a previous command, qualification will be based on the successful completion of one flight as Division Flight Lead under supervision of another qualified Division Lead. If the candidate has not been previously qualified as a Division Lead, qualification will be based on the successful completion of a Division Lead work-up syllabus as prescribed by the ATM Standardization Officer and approved by the Commanding Officer.

g. A BFM Mission Commander must be assigned to each BFM event. The BFM Mission Commander designation requires the following:

(1) Completed the BFM IUT syllabus.

(2) Nominated by the ATM Standardization Officer and NATOPS Officer via the chain of command and designated by the Commanding Officer.

h. IUT/Standardization Instructors will be nominated by the ATM Standardization Officer via the chain of command and designated by the Commanding Officer. Specific designation(s) authorizes individuals to instruct IUT's on NATOPS and Contact IUT events except OCF flights, Instrument Evaluations and NATOPS check flights. Weapons and BFM IUT events require an instructor who is designated as a Section Lead. A Standardization Qualification in each respective phase (Weapons and BFM) is required to instruct IUTs within that phase. Weapons IUT events shall have a Weapons Standardization Instructor in the IUT's aircraft, and the other aircraft will have an applicable designated flight lead. The other aircraft may also be a Weapons Standardization Instructor but is not required. BFM IUT events shall have a BFM Standardization Instructor in the IUT's aircraft, and opposing aircraft may be either a qualified BFM mission commander or BFM standardization instructor. Solo BFM IUT events will have a BFM IUT/Standardization Instructor as the lead for that event. Candidates for the IUT/Standardization Instructor designation will normally be senior pilots with at least one year of experience as a qualified flight instructor but may be waived by the Commanding Officer due to operational need and experience.

i. Initial instructor designation will qualify an individual to teach only the ATM Contact block flights. The

5


Standardization Officer will address further qualifications as the specific criteria outlined in this instruction are met.

405. Functional Check Flight (FCF) Qualifications

a. A minimum of 200 T-45C hours in VT-86 and 1000 hours total pilot time are required for nomination. The T-45C Senior FCF Pilot, via the Safety Officer and Operations Officer, will nominate appropriately experienced aircrew for designation by the Commanding Officer. The Commanding Officer may waive these requirements based on previous experience and designation. In addition to requirements set forth in ref. (a), the work-up syllabus shall include:

(1) Briefing by the senior T-4SC FCF Pilot to include preflight, flight and post-flight techniques and procedures, available operating areas, appropriate controlling agencies and required weather minimums.

(2) Completion of the qualification shall be no more than 30 days after completion of the T-45C FCF written exam.

(3) Complete the T-4SC emergency procedures

simulator.

b. T-45C NATOPS qualified pilots may man the rear cockpit to enhance lookout doctrine and assist the T-4SC FCF pilot in recording data.

c. The Squadron Senior T-45C FCF pilot shall already be a designated squadron T-45C FCF pilot. Squadron Senior T-4SC FCF pilot designation shall be based on the recommendation of the Safety Officer and Operations Officer, and designated in writing by the Commanding Officer.

406. Aircrew Currency Requirements

a. If 14 to 20 days have elapsed since the instructor's last flight, he/she must complete an Immediate Action procedures exam.

b. If 21 to 30 days have elapsed since the instructor's last flight, he/she must complete an Immediate Action procedures exam and a T-4SC emergency procedures simulator.

6


c. If 31 to 60 days have passed since the instructor's last flight, he/she must complete an Immediate Action procedures exam, a T-4SC emergency procedures simulator and a warm-up flight with a qualified and current pilot. The flight shall execute at a minimum an instrument approach, NATOPS landings, and a precautionary approach.

d. If more than 60 days have passed since the instructor's last flight, he/she must complete a Immediate Action procedures exam, a T-4SC NATOPS open and closed book exam, a T-4SC emergency procedures simulator, and a NATOPS warmup flight with a NATOPS Standardization instructor pilot or Squadron NATOPS/Assistant NATOPS instructor(s).

e. To conduct BFM, a pilot must have flown a BFM sortie within the last 14 calendar days. If 15 or more days have elapsed, a pilot will require a BFM warm-up flight with a current BFM instructor pilot in the aircraft.

f. Aircrew Syllabus currency flights shall be executed and be in compliance with CNATRAINST 1550.61 and CNATRAINST 3710.13F.

407. Annual Out of Control Flight (OCF) Training. Six months (+/- 30 days) after the initial and each subsequent annual NATOPS evaluation flight, a satisfactory flight demonstration of OCF prevention, recognitionl and recovery procedures will be performed by each ATM pilot. The annual OCF flight will include at a minimum: high AOA/deep stall investigation, 70 and 110 degree departures, and lateral stick/adverse yaw departure. OCF instructor pilots are exempt from the annual OCF flight requirement due to their habitual exposure to the OCF flight regime. OCF Instructor Pilots will be designated in writing by the Commanding Officer. OCF Instructor Pilots will be nominated by the ATM Standardization Officer and will complete a work-up syllabus as prescribed by the ATM Standardization Officer and approved by the Commanding Officer.

408. General Regulations. All flights in TRARON EIGHTY-SIX aircraft shall be conducted in compliance with the provision of applicable OPNAV, CNATRA, TRAWING SIX, and TRARON EIGHTY-SIX instructions.

409. Minimum Equipment. All Communications/Navigation Equipment shall be checked on every flight. Any deviations from

7


the minimum equipment list XO, or Operations Officer. equipment.

will be at the discretion of the CO, The following table lists required

1 operable Pilot Standby Gyro (if IMC
radio expected)
TACAN Altimeter (both standby and Norm)
IFF Transponder Operable MFD's/HUD
ICS (Dual) Turn needle/ball
Operable GINA Fuel system quantity indicator 410. Observers. Only those observers who meet the requirements set forth in paragraph S02.b or who are specifically approved by the Commanding Officer may fly in the T-4SC.

411. Water Temperature. In the event the water temperature in W-ISS is 60 degrees F or below, or the outside air temperature is 32 degrees F or below (wind chill factor corrected), T-4SC flights will be planned to the Pensacola South MOA or other overland working areas. The water and air temperature should be from the National Data Buoy Center Station #42040, which is located 64 nautical miles south of Dauphin Island. The data can be obtained from the following website: http://www.ndbc.noaa.gov/Maps/Florida.shtml and then clicking on 42040.

412. Severe Weather. Flights shall not be filed or flown into areas covered by Aviation Severe Weather Watch Bulletinl Military Aviation Weather Warnings, or CNATRA Aviation Weather Warnings. pilots may fly through or file into SIGMETS and Convective SIGMETS by meeting either of the following:

a. A weather forecaster declares that the SIGMET is not developing as forecast.

b. CO may grant a SIGMET waiver providing the aircraft must be able to maintain VMC and safely navigate around the area of defined severe weather. AdditionallYI aircrew must ensure a suitable VFR alternate with a published approach exists and is available.

Weather minimums for take-off should be predicated on pilot experience and good judgment but in no case will VT-86 T-4SC aircraft take-off with less than OPNAV standard instrument rating minimums.

8


c. Icing. T-4SC aircraft shall not file into areas with known or forecast moderate icing conditions. T-4SC aircraft shall not operate in icing. If icing is observed, the crew shall exit the icing conditions as soon as possible.

d. Turbulence. VT-86 T-4SC aircraft shall not be flown in areas where greater than moderate turbulence is forecasted. In the low-level environment, if aircrew experience greater than moderate turbulence, low level flight shall be discontinued. Low-level flights in designated mountainous terrain shall not be flown if moderate or greater turbulence is forecast or experienced.

e. Wind Restrictions. VT-86 T-4SC flight operations shall not be conducted when surface winds are greater than 25 knots, gusting or sustained.

413. BFM Training Rules

a. BFM training rules will be briefed prior to each BFM mission and must adhere to the requirements of OPNAV 3710.7 Series and applicable CNATRA Instructions. BFM training rules are found in the ATM Squadron briefing guide.

b. The Commanding Officer will ensure that all participants are qualified and current in accordance with applicable directives in order to participate in BFM.


a. All ATM flights shall be planned so as to land with a minimum of 500 pounds of fuel remaining.

b. Minimum fuel shall be declared whenever the estimated total usable fuel at the point of landing will be less than 500 pounds but 400 pounds or greater.

c. Emergency fuel shall be declared whenever the estimated total usable fuel at the point of landing will be less than 400 pounds.

9


41S. Taxi

a. Upon leaving the chocks, pilots shall perform a brake check.

b. Taxi speed in the line area shall be no faster than the taxi director can walk.

c. T-4SC aircraft will taxi in accordance with reference (h) and (n). Additionally, multiple aircraft shall taxi on alternate sides of the taxiway centerline with at least ISO feet nose-to-tail separation. If mUltiple aircraft must taxi centerline, a distance of SOD feet nose-to-tail shall be referenced. Deviations from this policy must be approved by the Commanding Officer.

d. Extreme care shall be taken to ensure that taxi light use does not inhibit the vision of other aircrew or ground personnel.

416. Section Formation Flights

a. Section formation flights in the T-4SC will be in accordance with reference (h) of this instruction, led by a qualified flight lead and will be briefed thoroughly. In emergency situations, join up of like aircraft is approved if required to ensure safe return to the airfield. A formation briefing shall consist of, but is not limited to, the following:

(1) Takeoff

(2) Type rendezvous and airspeed

(3) Rendezvous safety

(4) Signals (hand/light)

(S) NORDO

(6) Succession to lead/lead changes

(7) Recovery

(8) Loss of visual contact

10


(9) Emergencies

b. Section Take-Offs are not authorized if any of the following conditions exist:

(1) 90-degree crosswind component greater than 10

knots.

(2) Standing water, ice, or slush on the runway.

(3) Greater then 400 lbs fuel difference between participating aircraft.

(4) Weather below published circling weather minimums. If circling minimums are not published, weather must be greater then 1000' and 3 sm visibility.

c. Interval Take-Offs shall be conducted with at least eight seconds of separation between aircraft.

d. The standard section recovery will be a 2 second interval break. Fan breaks may be utilized at the flight lead's discretion. All aircraft will land centerline and transition to the inboard side once below 100 knots and checked for good brakes.

e. Section formation lost sight procedures shall be briefed and executed in the following manner:

(1) "Lost sight" shall be transmitted immediately.

(2) Lead Pilot in command is responsible for maintaining predictable flight in this dangerous situation.

(3) Lead will maintain climb or descent to last cleared altitude, while -2 will immediately level off and report on UHF primary frequency current altitude.

(4) If in a level turn away from the wingman, lead will continue turn to assigned heading, while -2 will roll wings level and maneuver to maintain 30 degrees off assigned heading.

11


(5) If in a turn into the wingman, lead will immediately roll wings level upon receiving "lost sight" transmission, and report heading, while -2 continues turn away from lead to rollout 30 degrees past lead's reported heading.

f. Section formation Lost Comm/Lost Sight procedures shall be briefed and executed in the following manner:

(1) If LCLS occurs on a low level, -2 shall climb to 2000 feet AGL and proceed to the next turn point while lead climbs to 3000 feet AGL.

(2) Both aircraft will enter left hand turns at the prescribed altitudes while attempting to gain sight for 10 minutes or until joker fuel is reached. If joker fuel is reached or sight is not re-gained in 10 minutes, aircraft will maintain VFR and return to base or divert airfield as good judgment dictates.

(3) If sight is regained, -2 will effect a safe rendezvous and both aircraft will return to base or the divert field.

(4) If LCLS occurs in the W-155A during ATM training flights, lead will establish left hand orbit at 15K feet; wing at 14 K on the area entry radial at 40 nm from NPA.

(5) If joker fuel is reached or sight is not re-gained in 10 minutes, aircraft will maintain VFR and return to base or divert airfield as good judgment dictates.

(6) If sight is regained, -2 will effect a safe rendezvous and both aircraft will return to base or the divert field as good judgment dictates.

417. Division Formation Flights

a. The preferred division departure will be two sections splitting the dual runways, with the lead and -2 on the outboard runway. Both sections will perform section take-offs. If the dual runways are not available, an interval go will be used with 8 seconds between each aircraft. Minimum runway width of 150 feet is required for 3 aircraft to be on the runway simultaneously with the 4th aircraft positioned at the hold short. Once the lead begins their takeoff roll, the 4th aircraft

12


may taxi into position and await their interval for takeoff. A minimum runway width-length of 200 feet is required for 4 aircraft to be on the runway simultaneously. In all cases, the formation will join in fingertip formation with -2 crossing to the outside of the turn and -3 and -4 joining to the inside of the turn.

b. The standard division recovery will be a 2 second interval break. All aircraft will land centerline and proceed to the end of the runway transitioning to the inboard once below 100 knots and checked for good brakes.

c. If the break is not available, the division shall be split into two sections or individuals for the recovery.

d. Division lost sight procedures will be briefed prior to each division flight. In the event of lost sight, aircraft will call IIlost sightll on the tactical frequency and the lead will call his altitude and flight trend (e.g."lead is level at 15 thousand heading 180"). Lost sight aircraft will appropriately deconflict.

e. If NORDO when lost sight occurs, aircraft will turn away from the lead or increase their AOB away from the lead and maintain it for fifteen seconds prior to rolling out on the new heading. Dash 3 and dash 4 should make an effort to establish an altitude trend 500 feet below the lead (altitude permitting) while dash 2 should climb 500 feet above the lead's trend.

f. Care must be taken by the lead to use minimum AOB turns when lost sight may occur and to smoothly rollout of a turn if he suspects lost sight has occurred.

418. Safety

a. Engines should not be operated above 70 percent RPM in the line area or above 75 percent RPM while taxiing.

b. The following are ejection seat and safety pin requirements/restrictions:

(1) Both aircraft occupants shall be properly strapped in their seats prior to engine start.

(2) Ejection Seat and MDC firing handle plns may

13

TRARONElGHTSlXlNST 3710.1Y

be removed prior to engine start. Ejection seat and MDC firing handle pins shall be removed prior to taxiing the aircraft. Ejection seat and MDC firing handle pins shall be stowed in the map case.

(3) The ejection seat and MDC firing handle pins shall be replaced prior to exiting the aircraft upon shutdown. Aircrews are solely responsible for the placement of the ejection seat and MDC firing handle pins.

(4) Ejection seats shall be armed prior to crossing the hold short and shall remain armed until the aircraft has cleared the runway to return to the line area.

(5) Whenever both seats in the T-45C are

occupied, ejection seats shall be armed and de-armed together with an lCS report and acknowledgment.

c. Canopy procedures shall be briefed and executed Vla the following:

(1) Prior to taxi, the canopy shall be fully closed.

Aircrew shall confirm this action via the rcs.

(2) Ground personnel shall not open or close the canopy from outside the aircraft while the engine is running.

(3) Prior to opening or closing the canopy, an lCS report and acknowledgment shall take place.

d. Unusual Attitudes and aerobatic maneuvering in the ATM Contact block will be performed so that recovery can be made above 10,000 feet AGL or as area rules require, whichever is higher.

e. BFM weather requirements shall be briefed and executed via the following:

(1) Recommended take off weather criteria for

the execution of the BFM missions in the local flying area are the circling minimums via the local airfield approach requirements.

(2) To launch a section on BFM missions with

weather below or forecasted to be below the published circling minimums, individual take-off's may be performed as long as the

14


weather airborne satisfies BFM weather requirements as delineated by the BFM training rules.

(3) If there are no published circling minimums,

the minimum weather of 1000 feet of ceiling and 3 statute miles of visibility shall be used for a section departure.

f. Bogey sorties for lookout checks may be done when available but not specifically scheduled. The Mission Commander of each flight shall have a face to face brief with the bogey aircrew and ensure the BFM training rules are briefed prior to the flight. Un-briefed BFM between VT-86 aircraft, other naval aircraft, or aircraft of any other service is prohibited.

g. FOD consideration shall be briefed and executed via the following:

(1) Mechanical pencils or pens with detachable caps shall not be used in the aircraft.

(2) Charts, flying publications and flight gloves should be placed in the storage compartment until required. Soft visor covers shall be removed from helmets and stowed before engine start.

(3) While on an out-and-in/cross-country,

aircrew shall ensure that the canopy is closed and locked when away from the aircraft with landing gear and tailhook pins installed. Canopies shall be permitted to be open during hot weather but are limited to no more than 6 inches of opening. If aircraft are remaining overnight, the additional use of the engine inlet covers, tailpipe covers, ejection seat headbox covers, pitot tube cover and the emergency nose landing gear pin is mandatory.

(4) No person other than authorized aircrew and maintenance personnel may sit in the aircraft.

419. G-Overstress. The T-45C is limited to 7.3gls above 5000 feet AGL and 6.5g's 5000 feet and below except to recover the aircraft from a departure or in an emergency situation. ATM Pilots will conserve the aircraft service life by reporting all overstresses and slowing to turbulence penetration airspeed when required. Accelerometer readings at the time of the overstress shall be reported to Maintenance Control and the CO as soon as

15

TRARONEIGHTSIXINST 3710.lY

possible after recovery. Recovery will be a straight-in full stop.

420. Low Level

a. Minimum Altitude for low-level training is 500' AGL. The radar altimeter shall be set at 90% of the briefed altitude. All aircrew will abide by the Low Altitude Training Rules as published in the Wing In-flight Guide.

b. Minimum weather for low-level flights shall be a ceiling of 3000 foot and 5 miles visibility.

c. Aircrew will complete the low-level portion of their flight 30 minutes prior to sunset.

d. Section departure weather minimums shall be published circling minimums. In the case of no published circling minimums, the minimum weather of 1000 feet of ceiling and 3 statute miles of visibility shall be used.

e. Single ship T-45C low levels are prohibited unless a T-45C qualified pilot or NFO occupies the backseat as per para 502.

421. Bird Strike.

In the event of a known or suspected bird

strike, training will be terminated.

422. Aircrew Coordination. All VT-86 aircrew shall strictly adhere to aircrew coordination as put forth per reference (n).

423. Guard Frequency. Guard Frequency will be monitored at all times on Comm I, but will be deselected as necessary to prevent interference with safety of flight communications during BFM.

424. NaRDO. Any NORDO T-45C aircraft may join on or be joined on by another VT-86 aircraft. Once joined up, the NORDO aircraft will assume the wing position. The lead will advise approach/tower that the wingman has lost communications and request a green ALDIS lamp.

a. During day VFR operations, the NORDO aircraft can expect to be led into the break. If the NORDO is cleared to land, the lead will perform a touch and go on the runway the

16


NORDO is to land on. If the NORDO is not cleared to land, the lead will wave off and the NORDO will follow.

b. During night/IMC operations, the NORDO aircraft can expect to be led to a GCA. Dirty-up will be done in VMC conditions if possible. Flashing exterior lights with runway environment in sight, followed by a positive break away by the lead, will constitute clearance to land. After dropping the NORDO wingman on the ball, the lead will remain at the NORDO's 10 o!clock position until the NORDO is safely on deck, giving him the option to rejoin.

c. All pilot-to-pilot hand and light signals for aircraft configuration changes and other maneuvers shall be in accordance with NATOPS.

17

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DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY

COMMANDING OFFICER TRARON EIGHTY SIX

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﻿DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY

COMMANDING OFFICER TRARON EIGHTY SIX

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DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY