GENERIC NURSING

ACTION INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION SIDE EFFECTS

NAME CLASSIFICATION CONSIDERATION
DIAZEPAM CENTRAL Facilitates/ Symptomatic Hypersensitivity. Hypersensitivity: > inform pt. that
NERVOUS SYSTEM potentiates the relief of Dependence, cardiorespiratory drug may be taken
BRAND DRUGS- inhibitory activity of anxiety, withdrawal insufficiency, with food
NAME GABA at the limbic agitation, symptoms pregnancy, >advice pt. not to
Anti-anxiety
Valium system and reticular tension lactation abruptly
(Anticonvulsant/ formation to reduce discontinue drug
DOSAGE Hypnotics/ anxiety, promote Dizziness, after long term
Adult: 250- Sedatives/ calmness and sleep fatigue, blurred use
500mg every Anxiolytics) vision, >advice pt. to
8 hours dependence, avoid driving and
Children: 20- withdrawal activities that
40mg/kg/day reactions require alertness
divided bec, drug can
dosage given cause drowsiness
every 8 hrs >inform pt. that
smoking may
decrease effect
 GENERIC CLASSIFICATION CONTRAINDICATIO NURSING
ACTION INDICATION SIDE EFFECTS
NAME N CONSIDERATION
Salbutamol ANTI-ASTHMA Facilitates/ Reversible airway Hypersensitivity Hyperthyroidism,D > drug may be
potentiates the obstruction M, cardiovascular decrese sensitivity
BRAND inhibitory including bronchial disease of spirometry used
NAME activity of asthma, chronic for diagnosis of
Ventolin GABA at the bronchitis Fine tremor of asthma
vilmax limbic system skeletal muscle, >syrup may be taken
and reticular feeling of tension, a as young as age 2
DOSAGE formation to compensory small >monitor for
Adult: 8mg reduce anxiety, increase in heart evidence of allergic
tablet BID promote rate, headache, rxn
Pedia: 3-12 calmness and muscle cramps
yrs sleep
4mg tab BID
 CLASSIFICATI CONTRAINDICATIO NURSING
GENERIC NAME ON ACTION INDICATION SIDE EFFECTS
N CONSIDERATION
metropolol CARDIOVASC Exerts mainly Hypertension, AV blocks, Slowing of heart >tablet may be
ULAR DRUGS- beta-1 chronic angina cardiogenic shock, rate, occasionally crashed or
BRAND NAME BETA- adrenergic pectoris sinus bradycardia severe swallowed whole
Neobloc BLOCKERS blocking activity bradycardia may > instruct pt to take
but also blocks lead to vertigo with meals
DOSAGE beta-2 receptors >inform the pt that
Adult : 50mg at high doses Occasionally drug only controls
BID or fatigue, but does not cure
100 mg OD dizziness, the disorder
headache, GI >tell the pt. not to
disturbance, skin discontinue drug
rashes nausea abruptly can worsen
angina
 CLASSIFICATI NURSING
GENERIC NAME ACTION INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION SIDE EFFECTS
ON CONSIDERATION

Atropine SO4 Helps to Contraindicated in Can cause  monitor level of

Anticholinergic reduce - Antidote to patients with blurred vision, consciousness
BRAND NAME saliva and overdosage with glaucoma, pyloric dilated pupils,  do not sit up or stand
fluid in cholinergic substances stenosis or dry mouth, up quickly
Dose/Route: the (nerve gases, prostatic palpitations  advise patient to stay
respirator hypertrophy, urinary out of bright light
0.5-1.0 mg IVP poisonous mushroom)
y tract. except in doses retention,  chew sugarless gums
Q3-5min max of May also - Pre-op medication to ordinarily used for tachycardia and suck hard candies
0.04mg/kg (ETT be used preanesthetic drowsiness, to avoid mouth
reduce salivary and
2-2.5 x dosage) to treat a medication. and confusion dryness
slow resp. tract secretions.
 use lubricating drops is
OPP: 2-5mg heartbeat wearing contact lenses
Q10-15 min or avoid extreme heat
insecticid
(Peds
e or
0.05mg/kg) mushroo
m
Pediatric: poisoning
0.02mg/kg
(minimum
0.1mg
 GENERIC CLASSIFICATI CONTRAINDICATIO NURSING
ACTION INDICATION SIDE EFFECTS
NAME ON N CONSIDERATION
Dobutamine Andrenergics Stimulates Increased cardiac Contra indicated in Increased heart  Before starting
HCL heart’s beta1 output in short-term patients rate, dobutamine therapy:
receptors to treat ment of cardiac hypersensitive to hypertension, (1) give a plasma
increase drug and in those Angina, volume expander to
decompensation
myocardial with idiopathic phlebitis, correct hypovolemia
contractility caused by depressed hypertrophic nonspecific (2) give cardiac
BRAND and stoke contractility, such as subaortic stenosis chest pain, glycoside
NAME volume. At during refractory Use cautiously in palpitations,  Continuously monitor
dosages, drug heart failure; patients with hypotension, ECG, blood pressure,
Dobutrex increases adjunctive therapy in history of nausea, pulmonary artery
cardiac cardiac surgery hypertension vomiting, wedge pressure,
output by because drug may shortness of cardiac output and
decreasing increase pressor breath, urine output
Infusion peripheral response hypersensitivit  Monitor Electrolyte
rate: 2.5-10 vascular Use cautiously in y reactions levels. Drug may lower
mcg/kg/min resistance, patients with potassium level
Zeducing history of sulfite  Do not confuse with
ventricular sensitivity Dopamine
filling .  Tell patient to report
pressure and adverse reactions
facilitating AV promptly, especially
node labored breathing and
therapeutic drug-induced
conduction headache
Instruct patient to
report discomfort at IV
insertion site
 CLASSIFICATI CONTRAINDICATIO NURSING
GENERIC NAME ACTION INDICATION SIDE EFFECTS
ON N CONSIDERATION
Furosemide Loop inhibits acute pulmonary  Anuria  To prevent nocturia,
Diuretic sodium and edema  hepatic coma & vertigo, give preparation in the
BRAND NAME chloride edema precoma dizziness, morning and early in
reabsorptio
hypertension  severe headache, the afternoon
Lasix hypokalemia &/or paresthesia,  Watch for signs of
n at the
hyponatremia orthostatic hpokalemia
proximal  do not confuse with
DOSAGE  hypovolemia w/ hypotension,
Adult: and distal or w/o thrombophlebit Torsemide or Lasix with
tubules and hypotension is, Lonox
Initially 1/2-1-2 the Hypersensitivity to abdominal pain,  advise patient to take
tab/day ascending furosemide or hypokalemia, drug with food to
Maintenance: loop of sulfonamides anemia prevent GI upset
1/2-1 tab/day muscle spasm inform patient of possible
Henle
need for potassium or
20-40 mg IV/IM magnesium supplements

Children: 2
mg/kg body/wt
 CLASSIFICATI NURSING
GENERIC NAME ACTION INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION SIDE EFFECTS
ON CONSIDERATION
Electrolytes Replaces Hypocalcemia, Hypercalcemia, GI irritation  Use cautiously in
Calcium and hemorrhage patients with
and hypocalcemic ventricular
gluconate replacement constipation sarcoidosis and renal
solutions
maintains tetany, magnesium fibrillation, renal
vomiting or cardiac disease
calcium toxicity, canaliculi
BRAND NAME thirst and in digitalized
hypoparathyroidism renal canaliculi patients.
Kalcinate hypercalcemia  monitor blood
polyuria calcium level
frequently.
DOSAGE
Tablets 500 mg,
650 mg, 975
mg, 1 g
(contains 90
mg elemental
calcium/g)
 GENERIC CLASSIFICATION CONTRAINDICATIO NURSING
ACTION INDICATION SIDE EFFECTS
NAME N CONSIDERATION
Antihypertensive  drowsiness  Monitor blood
Clonidine s  dizziness pressure and pulse
hydrochloride Inhibits central Essential renal and Patient  fatigue rate.
vasomotor malignant hypersensitive to  sedation  May be given rapidly
BRAND NAME centers, hypertension clonidine  nervousness lower blood
thereby  headache pressure in some
Catapres  orthostatic hypertensive
decreasing
hypotension emergencies.
sympatheric
DOSAGE  bradycardia  Rising slowly and
01-02 mg P.O outflow. avoid sudden
 urine retetion
B.  impotence position change to
 transient prevent orthostatic
glucose hypotension.
intolerance Remove patch before
(after large defribrillation to
dose) prevent arcing
 constipation
 pruritis
dermatitis
 GENERIC CLASSIFICATIO CONTRAINDICATIO NURSING
ACTION INDICATION SIDE EFFECTS
NAME N N CONSIDERATION
Nifedipine Antianginals/ Thought to •Vasospastic  •Contraindicated in Dizziness,  Don’t give
Calcium channel inhibit calcium angina, classic patients light- immediate-release
BRAND NAME blocker ion influx chronic stable hypersensitive to headedness, form within 1 week
drug headache, of acute MI or in
across cardiac angina pectoris
Adalat  weakness, acute coronary
and smooth-
•Hypertension  •Use cautiously in peripheral syndrome
DOSAGE muscle cells, patients with heart edema,  Alert: despite the
Adults: decreasing failure or flushing, previously
Initial: 10- contractility hypotension and nausea, widespread SL use
30mg PO TID and oxygen in elderly patients. Syncope, nifedipine capsule,
demand. Also Use extended- nervousness, avoid this route of
Maximum:
release tablets hypotension, administration.
120-180mg may dilate
cautiously in palpitations, Excessive
coronary nasal
patients with hypotension, MI, and
Hypertension: arteries and severe GI congestion, death may result
30-60mg PO arteriole narrowing diarrhea,  Monitor blood
 constipation, pressure regularly,
abdominal especially in patients
discomfort, who take beta
muscle blockers or
cramps, antihypertensive
dyspnea,  Watch for symptoms
pulmonary of heart failure
edema, cough,
rash, puritus
 GENERIC CLASSIFICATION CONTRAINDICATIO NURSING
ACTION INDICATION SIDE EFFECTS
NAME N CONSIDERATION
Nicardipine Antianginals Inhibits calcium Chronic stable Patient who are  Headache Patients with hepatic
ion influx across angina hypersensitive to  Dizziness impairment should
BRAND NAME cardiac and nicardipine  Paresthesis receive lower dose
smooth muscle  Drowsiness
Cardipine  Peripheral Monitor blood
cells, thus
edema pressure.
DOSAGE decreasing
 Palpitations
Initially myocardial
 Tachycardi Allow atleast 3 days
contractility a between dosage
20 mg P.O Tid and oxygen  Nausea adjustment to
demand and  Dry mouth achieve steady
hypertension coronary  Abdominal plasma levels.
20 to 40 mg arteries and discomfort
arterioles.  Rash Advise patient to
P.O t.i.d
 Flushing report immediately if
increase
dosage experiencing chest
depends on pain
the patients
response
 CLASSIFICATIO NURSING
GENERIC NAME ACTION INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION SIDE EFFECTS
N CONSIDERATION
Corticosteroi Diffuses Inflammation of  Patient had an allergic Increased Stop drug and
Dexamethasone ds across cell corticosteroid- reaction previously. appetite notify doctor if
membrane responsive  Have an active peptic Weight gain patient develops
BRAND NAME ulcer Water retention
and dermatoses signs of systemic
 Have an active herpes Increased WBC
Dexon complexes Hypokalemia absorption.
simplex fungal or
with specific mycobacterial infection Skin rash
cytoplasmic Before applying,
DOSAGE anti-inflammatory ot the eye, ear infection Dizziness
receptors Insomia gently wash skin
effects in disorders to prevent
The initial dosage Headache
of many organ damage to skin
varies from 0.75 to Active tuberculosis
systems rub medication
9 mg a day
Have psychoneurosis or gently.
depending on the
psychosis
disease being
Treatment should
treated
be continued for a
few days after
clearing of lesions
to prevent
recurrence
Name of the Drug Classificati Action Indication Contraindications SIDE EFFECTS Nursing Responsibilities
on

Generic Name: Beta2 Stimulates beta o Asthma Contraindicate in nervousness, >Monitor V/S. and check for
epinephrine Adrenergic receptors in o Bronchiti patients with angle- tremor, vertigo, cardiac dysrhythmias
lung. s closure glaucoma,
Agonists pain, widened >Drug increases rigidity and
Brand Name: o Emphyse shock (other than
Injection, OTC nasal Relaxes ma anaphylactic shock), pulse pressure, tremor in patients with
solution: bronchial o All organic brain damage, hypertension Parkinson’s disease
Adrenalin Chloride smooth muscle. cardiac cardiac dilation, nausea >Epinephrine therapy interferes
arrest, arrhythmias, coronary with tests for urinary
Ophthalmic solution: Increases vital anaphyla insufficiency, or
Epifrin, Glaucon catecholamine
capacity xis cerebral
 BP,  HR,  o Used for arteriosclerosis. Also > Avoid IM use of parenteral
Insect sting emergencies: suspension into buttocks. Gas
PR symptom contraindicated in
EpiPen Auto-Injector
atic patient receiving gangrene may occur
(delivers 0.3 mg IM adult
dose), EpiPen Jr. Auto- Decreases bradycar general anesthesia >Massage site after IM injection
Injector (delivers 0.15 mg airway dia. with halogenated to counteract possible
IM for children) resistance. o Relief of hydrocarbons or
vasoconstriction. >Observe
OTC solutions for bronchos cyclopropane and in
pasm patients in labor (may patient closely for adverse
Cardiac arrest: occurring delay second stage) reactions. Notify doctor if
1 mg IV of 1:10,000 solution during adverse reaction develop
q 3-5 min; double dose if anesthes Some products >If blood pressure increases
administering ia containing sulfites and
sharply, rapid-acting
via ET tube o Exercised are contraindicated in
vasodilators such as nitrates or
-induced patients with sulfite
bronchos allergies except when alpha blockers can be given to
Anaphylaxis: 0.1- 1 mg SQ
or IM of 1:1000 solution. pasm drug is used for counteract
serious allergic
Asthma: 0.1-0.3 mg SQ or reactions or in other
IM of 1:10,000 solution emergency situations.

Refractory bradycardia and

hypotension: 2-10ug/min
Name of the Drug Classification: Action Indications Contraindications Side Effects Nursing
Responsibilities
Generic Name: Antiarrythmic and Decrease cardiac Decrease Contraindicated in CNS: Confusion, Monitor EKG, BP,
lidocane Anesthetic excitability, cardiac cardiac patients tremor, lethargy, pulse, rhythm,
excitability, hypersensitive to continuously.
contraction is delayed somnolence,
Brand Name: cardiac amide-type local
Xylocaine in the atrium and contraction is anesthetics and in stupor, restlessness Monitor serum
ventricle delayed in the those with Adams – anxiety, lidocaine levels
Dosage/Route atrium and Stoke syndrome. hallucinations, throughout
1-1.5 mg/kg IVP or ventricle Wolff-Parkinsons- nervousness, theraphy;
ETT (double dose if White Syndrome, or therapreutic range
seizure. CV:
giving via ET tube), severe degrees of SA, 1.5-5 mcg/ml
may repeat q 5-10 AV, or intraventricular hypotension,
min. max block in the absence bradychardia, new Monitor intake and
3 mg/kg; If of pacemaker. or worsened output
conversion arrhythmias EENT:
successful start an tinnitus, blurred or Do not mix in the
infusion of 2-4 same syringe with
double vision.
mg/min amphoterin B or
Respiratory: cefazolin
Respiratory
depression and Administer
arrest Lidocaine TIV.
Skin: soreness at
injection site In case of
Other: anaphylaxis, circulatory
depression have
dopamine available
Name of the Drug Classification Action Indication Contraindications Side Effects Nursing
Responsibilities
Generic Name: Cardiac Inhibits the Indications: Contraindicated in patients CNS: Monitor K+, Mg++,
digoxin Glycosides sodium- V-fib, V-flutter, CHF, hypersensitive to the drug or hallucinations, ECG, liver/renal
potassium pulmonary edema, any of its components and in paresthesia, function tests, drug
Brand Name: ATP phase. atrial fibrillation and or those with digitalis-induced stupor, vertigo. level (therapeutic
Lanoxin, Digoxin, flutter, and toxicity, ventricular fibrillation, CV: Arrythmias, level 0.5-2.0 mg/ml,
Lanoxicap paroxysmal atrial or ventricular tachycardia heart failure, toxicity is >2.0
contractions unless caused by heart failure. hypotension. mg/ml).
Dosage/Route EENT: blurred
Injection 500 mcg Use cautiously in patients with vision, diplopia, Before each dose
(0.5 mg) in 2 mL acute MI, in complete Av light flashes, assess apical pulse
(250 mcg [0.25 block, sinus bradycardia, PVCs,, photophobia, for full minute,
mg] per mL) chronic constrictive yellow-green halos record and report
pericarditis, hyperthropic around visual changes in rate or
cardiomyopathy, renal images. rhythm.
insufficiency, severe GI: anorexia,
pulmonary disease, or diarrhea, nausea, Withhold drug and
hypothyroidism. vomiting. contact provider if
pulse is < 60/min. or
>100 (adults) or <
110/minute
(children)

Weigh daily
Monitor I&O and
signs of CHF
Name of the Drug Classification Action Indications: Contraindications Side Effects Nursing
Responsibilities
Generic Name: Inotropic, Stimulates To treat shock Contraindicated in patient Cv: anginal pain, Blood is not a
Dopamine HCl. vasopressor dopaminergic and correct with uncorrected arrythmias, substitute for blood
and alpha and hemodnamic tachyarrhythmias, bradycardia, or fluid volume
Brand Name: beta receptors imbalances, pheocromocytoma, or conduction deficit. If deficit
Intropin; Revimine of the improve ventricular fibrillation. disturbances ectopic occurs, replace fluid
sympathetic perfusion of vital - Use cautiously in patients breasts,hypertension, deficit first before
Dosage nervous organs, to with occlusive vascular hypotension, giving meds.
Adults: initially, 1 system. Action increase cardiac disease, cold injuries, palpitations,
to 5 is dose-related; output, and to diabetic endarteritis, and tachycardia, During infusion,
mcg/kg/minute by large doses can correct arterial embolism; in vasoconstriction, frequently monitor
I.V. infusion. Adjust cause mainly hypotension. pregnant woman; with a widening of QRS ECG, BP, cardiac
dose to desired alpha history of sulfite sensitivity; complex. output, CVP,
hemodynamic or stimulation. and in those taking MAO pulmonary artery
renal response, inhibitor. GI: vomiting. wedge pressure,
increase by 1 to 4 pulse rate, urine
mcg/kg/minute at GU: azotemia output, and color and
10 to 30-minute Respiratory: asthma temperature of the
intervals. attacks, dyspnea limbs.

Skin: If diastolic pressure

necrosis,piloerection, rises
tissue sloughing with disproportionately,
extravasation. decrease perfusion
rate and watch out
Other: anaphylaxis. carefully for further
signs of
vasoconstriction
unless such action is
desired.

Acidosis decrease
effectiveness of
dopamine.
Name of the Drug Classification Action Indication Contraindications Side Effects Nursing
Responsibilities
Generic Opioid agonist Principal opium Relief of Contraindicated with CNS: Light- Assessment
Morphine Sulfate analgesic alkaloid; acts as moderate to hypersensitivity to headedness, History:
agonist at specific severe acute opioids; diarrhea dizziness, sedation, Hypersensitivity to
Brand opioid receptors in and chronic caused by poisoning euphoria, dysphoria, opioids; diarrhea
Immediate-release the CNS to produce pain until toxins are delirium, insomnia, caused by poisoning;
tablets: analgesia, eliminated; during agitation, anxiety, labor or delivery of a
MSIR euphoria, sedation; Preoperative labor or delivery of a fear, hallucinations, premature infant;
Timed-release: the receptors medication to premature infant (may disorientation, biliary tract surgery or
Kadian, M-Eslon (CAN), mediating these sedate and allay cross immature drowsiness, surgical anastomosis;
MS Contin, Oramorph SR effects are thought apprehension, blood–brain barrier lethargy, impaired head injury and
Oral solution: to be the same as facilitate more readily); after mental and physical increased intracranial
MSIR, Rescudose, those mediating induction of biliary tract surgery or performance, coma, pressure; acute
Roxanol, Roxanol T the effects of anesthesia, and following surgical mood changes, asthma, COPD, cor
Rectal suppositories: endogenous reduce anastomosis; weakness, pulmonale,
RMS opioids anesthetic pregnancy; labor headache, tremor, preexisting
Injection: (enkephalins, dosage (respiratory seizures, miosis, respiratory
Astramorph PF, endorphins). depression in visual disturbances, depression; acute
Duramorph, Epimorph Analgesic neonate; may prolong suppression of abdominal conditions,
(CAN) adjunct during labor). cough reflex CV disease,
Preservative-free anesthesia supraventricular
concentrate for Use cautiously with CV: Facial flushing, tachycardias,
microinfusion devices for Component of head injury and peripheral myxedema, seizure
intraspinal use: most increased intracranial circulatory collapse, disorders, acute
Infumorph preparations pressure; acute tachycardia, alcoholism, delirium
Dosage/Route that are asthma, COPD, cor bradycardia, tremens, cerebral
ADULTS referred to as pulmonale, arrhythmia, arteriosclerosis,
Oral Brompton's preexisting respiratory palpitations, chest ulcerative colitis,
One-third to one-sixth as cocktail or depression, hypoxia, wall rigidity, fever, kyphoscoliosis,
effective as parenteral mixture, an oral hypercapnia (may hypertension, Addison's disease,
administration because of alcoholic decrease respiratory hypotension, prostatic hypertrophy,
first-pass metabolism; solution that is drive and increase orthostatic urethral stricture,
10–30 mg q 4 hr PO. used for chronic airway resistance); hypotension, recent GI or GU
Controlled-release: 30 mg severe pain, lactation (wait 4–6 hr syncope surgery, toxic
q 8–12 hr PO or as especially in after administration to psychosis, renal or
directed by physician; terminal cancer nurse the baby); acute Dermatologic: hepatic dysfunction;
Kadian: 20–100 mg PO patients abdominal conditions, Pruritus, urticaria, pregnancy; lactation
daily–24-hr release CV disease, Respiratory: Physical: T; skin color,
system; MS Contin: Intraspinal use supraventricular laryngospasm, texture, lesions;
200 mg PO q 12 hr. with tachycardias, bronchospasm, orientation, reflexes,
SC and IM microinfusion myxedema, seizure edema bilateral grip strength,
10 mg (5–20 mg)/70 kg q devices for the disorder, renal or affect; P, auscultation,
4 hr or as directed by relief of hepatic dysfunction. GI: Nausea, BP, orthostatic BP,
physician. intractable pain vomiting, anorexia, perfusion; R,
IV biliary tract spasm; adventitious sounds;
2.5–15 mg/70 kg of body Unlabeled use: increased colonic bowel sounds, normal
weight in 4–5 mL water Dyspnea motility in patients output; urinary
for injection administered associated with with chronic frequency, voiding
over 4–5 min, or as acute left ulcerative colitis pattern, normal
directed by physician. ventricular output; ECG; EEG;
Continuous IV infusion: failure and GU: Ureteral spasm, thyroid, liver, kidney
0.1–1 mg/mL in 5% pulmonary spasm of vesical function tests
dextrose in water by edema sphincters, urinary
controlled infusion retention or Interventions
device. hesitancy, oliguria, Caution patient not to
Rectal antidiuretic effect, chew or crush
10–30 mg q 4 hr or as reduced libido or controlled-release
directed by physician. potency preparations.
Epidural
Initial injection of 5 mg in Respiratory: Dilute and administer
the lumbar region may Respiratory slowly IV to minimize
provide pain relief for up depression, likelihood of adverse
to 24 hr. If adequate pain apnea, effects.
relief is not achieved circulatory
within 1 hr, incremental depression, Tell patient to lie
doses of 1–2 mg may be respiratory down during IV
given at intervals arrest, shock, administration.
sufficient to assess cardiac arrest
effectiveness, up to Keep opioid
10 mg/24 hr. antagonist and
facilities for controlled
respiration readily
available during IV
administration.