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a'ocHjynfov l x
l yk ikd f ypPnf;rsm; 1990 tapmydkif;ESpfrsm;txd &Srf;jynfta&S@awmifydkif;wGif rD;&xm;jzifh c&D;oGm;vm&aom pepfr&dSay? jynfrrS
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ckESpf=um;wGif ppftpdk;&u a&$anmifòrd@ ta&S@awmifzufrSonf atmufzuf u&ifeDjynfe,f vGdKifaumfòrd@ESifh
aqmufvyk af &;ypPn;f rsm;udrk ild ;f Edik ;f òrd@ awmif zufyikd ;f rS txufzuf &yfapmufòrd@txd rD;&xm;vrf;topfwnfaqmuf&ef trdef@xkwfcJhonf? a'ocHaus;&Gmom;aygif;
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tvkyu f u G &f &dS mod@k òrd@v,faumifujkd zwfum q,fb;D azmufvkyfpOfumvtwGif; vlaygif;rsm;pGm toufqHk;&H_;cJh&onf?
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rdrdwkd@. awmif;qdkcsufrsm;
Õ jrefrmppfwyftm%mydkifrsm;onf udef;wkef (usdKif;wkH) - rdlif;Edkif; (rdk;eJ) rD;&xm;vrf; azmufvkyfaer_udk csufcsif; &yfwef@ay;&rnf?
Õ rD;&xm;vrf;opfrsm;udk xdkvrf;a=umif;wav#mufaexkdifol a'ocHvlxk. trSefwu,f tusdK;pD;yGm;jzpfa&;twGuf a&S;&_aqmif&Guf
onfh tajctaerSomv#if wnfaqmufoihfonf?

&Srf;trsdK;orD;a&;&m qufoG,fv_yf&Sm; aqmif&Gufa&; toif; (SWAN) &Srf;vl@tcGifhta&; r¿dKif (SHRF)


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2010 ck E S p f =o*k w f v

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