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AGENCY PROBLEM

• Shareholder (principal)
• Manager (agent)

• Clash of goals
• Connecting pay to the profit earned.
• Rewarding managers with shares.
• Direct intervention by owners
• Thereat of firing
• Threat of takeover.
DEVELOPING CASH FLOWS
• CASH FLOWS

• ELEMENTS OF CASH FLOW


• Initial investment
• Operating cash flows/net cash flows.
• Terminal cash flows
FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT

MAXIMISATION OF SHARE VALUE

FINANCIAL DECISIONS

INVESTMENT LIQUIDITY FINANCING DIVIDEND


DECISION DECISION DECISION DECISION

TRADE-OFF
RETURN RISK

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