‫‪ -‬תדפיס ‪-‬‬

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‫מאמר‪»È‬בדיני נדר‬‫½¯½‪¯»Ã¿³ ´Ç‬‬

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‫מנהג טוב‪,‬‬ ‫‪ÂÀ´¸ °Ç³‬משום‬
‫מזה‬ ‫והמסתעף‬
‫‪Å"²°³‬‬ ‫‪Ç°¶´ °Çº ¾³º» ²½Á´½³‬‬
‫‪À·¸¸³ ¾´¯ÇÆ É»¸³Æ°‬‬
‫מאת‬
‫הרב יוסף ישעי' ברוין שליט"א‬
‫רב דקהילת "צמח‪-‬צדק" בסידני‪,‬‬
‫ומועמד לכהן כרב וחבר הבד"צ‬
‫בקהילת קראון הייטס‬

‫¡ ‪¡ Z[CL HLS LTSCQ‬‬

‫]\[‪CT C RHLOE IK GS\ ¡ CU\] L‬‬

‫‪.indd 1‬לארשי רוא‬ ‫‪8/30/2010 3:57:27 AM‬‬

‫‪ěĠij ĤĴijěħ.indd 1‬‬ ‫‪8/29/2010 6:17:46 PM‬‬
‫רלז‬ χ¯˘È È‚‰Ó

oiexa 'iryi sqei axd

ipciqc wcv gnv zlidwc ax

äæî óòúñîäå ,áåè âäðî íåùî øãð éðéãá

dgizt
epipnfae .dnrhe dxewn ,dzedn ,k"ei lila ixcp lk oipra exazyp miqenlew daxd
lk lhal d"xra mixcp zxzda mb ,k"ei lila ixcp lk zxin`l sqepa mibdepe ,`xc xeyk`
yix d"lya `aenk) `eal micizrd mixcpd lk lr `rcen f` mixqen mbe ,exary mixcpd
eixcpl dxzd dyri d"x mcew lel`ay fnx `iad zehn 't seq z"dr j"yae] .(ely `nei 'qn
± lel` g"xa mixcp zxzd zeyrl enicwdy yie .lel` z"q lkk exac lgi `l '`py meyn
,`"pn 'kn micwdl u"aki l-` zia w"w bdpne .`"wq miycegna h"ixzq g"e` deab ogley
.mixtqa `aenk ,mixcp oipr xneg zngn f"ke .[(y"xr lka mbdpnl sqep) d"x mcew mei 'n
mc` lkl yiy (`w w"q `"twzq `"hnl obnd sl` .g"q glw llk `"iig) exidfd xake
.e"g mda lykidl `ly mixcp 'ld cenll
s`e ,e"g ynn mixcpa `le zeaeh zebdpda `ed dl` epinia uetpd mixcp oipr xwir dpde
,devn jxq ea yiy xac lka p"la xnel zeltekne zeletk zexdf`a mipexg`d exidfdy
ep`vn `ly hrnke ,'ievn dgkyde qpe`d oiicr ,zeyxd ixaca 'it` ok xnel r"` libxiye
xy` `p dbiv`e mixrya d`ea` izxn` ok lr .oiprd zegiky zngn c"ndiaa epilbxe epici
zeaxl mbe ,'itirqe 'ihxt ,'ldd ixcba mipexg`d da erbp `le hrnky) ef dnenr 'lda icnr
dnka ,da xcbzdl egipd mewn ,ihewil xza ihewila ehwily zeteq` ilra eaxzpy epxeca
k"yn mdipirn ehnypy yie ,xaca mpeir oir eny `ly ,mhxetl t"``e md miax ik mihxt
j` mizty xace ,mipey mibyene mipic oia eaaxire ekeap mihxt dnkae ,miwqetd ilecb
miaezka icnr `vnp cere) dxizi zekix` yxec oiprdy zngne .ixeve ipew xfra ,(xeqgnl
e`a ,jix`dl exn`y mewna xvwl i`yx dz` i`e ,(mkiptl izixwy dnn xzei dpdke dpdk
lr xzi mixacd ekx`y yie .`xewd lr ciakdl `ly ,oeilbd ileya zexrda mihxt dnk
.mixyin dpifgz `xewd ipir xy`k ,zexrdl mi`elina mizvaiye ,dcnd

dncwd
dyrp ,dfa mihxtd jenqa 'ziy itk ,aeh bdpna bdepdy (c"ixq c"ei) r"eya x`ean dpd
.dxzd ila ebdpn lhal el xeq`e xcpk eilr df bdpn
aiigzny miillk mipte` 'a yiy ,(1 my r"eya myexit ceqi lr) `id miwqetd znkqde
'lae .mlerl ok bedpl ezrca 'id `ly s` ,aeh bdpna "libxy in" (` :aeh bdpn i"r xcpa

Ï"È .„ÂÚ .Ìȯ„

˙¯˙‰ 'ÒÏ ˙¯ډ· Î"‰Ú˘· ‰‡¯ Y ¯Ó‡˜ ÈÏÈÓ ÈÏÈÓ„ ,Ì˘ „"È¯Ò Ú"¢‰ 'Ï· ÁÎÂӄΠ1
.Ó"· .ÌÈÙÈÚÒ '·Ï Ê"„ ˜ÏÁÏ ‰˙ȉ Â˙
ÂÂÎ Èχ ,˙ÂÚËÏ ‰Ó¯‚ ¯·ÁÓ‰ 'Ï ÏÙΠ˙ÂÎȯ‡„
χ¯˘È ¯Â‡ ‫רלח‬

bedpl ligzdy drya" (a ."minrt yly ok bdp" (2 n"kae .f"iq g"qzq f"dc` r"ey) miwqetd
.(my r"eyd 'l) "cg` mrt 'it` ok bdpe mlerl ok bedpl ezrca 'id
xcpk eilr df xac dyrp daeh dbdpda t"b bdpy lky dfn `vei dpey`x dtwyda dpde
giky ixde .mipey minrhn eplhiay zeaeh zebdpd ibeq lk lr oicd meia wchvp ji`e .ynn
zeaxae ,zeaeh zebdpde mixecida zeax dpdke ,zeciqge zeyixt ly zexnega mibdepy `aeh
.mei lka e"g mixcp oern levip mc` oi`y `vnpe .cinzd lhazn zepey zeaiqn minid
.l"pd cbpl dpeaze dvr yiy xnel gxkdae .ddnz`
ok mixne`yk k"yke ,devn xacl dlaw c"r ala mihilgnyk miizray xacd xenge
zlhazn onf ixg`le ,dxezd cenila zniieqn zeriaw c"r mihilgny oebk ,`ln dta
miywane xcp maiygdl mipeyne mipey mibdpna mixingn ux`d inrn miaxe .zeriawd
wxt dpy`e miky` xne`d" (` ,g mixcp) l"fg exn` 'ilry ,devn xacl dlawa mle` ,dxzd
.dxzd ywal al lr my yi` oi` ,"l`xyi iwl`l xcp lecb xcp df
mipiprdn zvwnl miillk miew hhxyp o`ke .mi`ad mipniqa df wxt dpyp p"la d"frae
.epecipy
lk lhal `rcen mixqen ,ixcp lk zxin`a oke ,d"xray df lr jenql eazky yi .`
.dfa h"ewyd ` ze` onwl d`xe .mixcpd
lr jenql t"`` mlerl ok bedpl ezrca 'idy zeyixt ibdpnay ` ze`a x`azp .a
mewn yi ile` ,(l"pd 'ad ote`) t"b bdpy zeyixt bdpna ,mpn` .dligzkl `rcen zxiqn
.14 dxrde 12 dxrd onwl d`x ± xaca lwdl
onwl d`x ± zeyixt bdpn `le (ok bdpy bdpna e` dxin`a) devn xacl dlawa .b
.29 dxrdl mi`elina
d`x ± exary mixcpd lk mixizny ,d"xrc mixcp zxzd xcq lr jenql t"``y dn .c
.myl mi`elinae 5 dxrd onwl
.2 dxrdl mi`elina d`x ± xcpl mipeekzn `ly cvn lwdl mewn yi m`a .d
dxrd d`x ± (k"eie d"xra) `rcen zxiqnl ,ezbdpd zligza p"la zxin` oia weligd .e
.11
ik ,zlren `rcen zxiqn e` ,p"la zxin` oi`e ,ith xeng ,xingnd wqet zrck laiw .f
.dkex`a a ze` d`x ± xcp meyn epic oi`
dxrdl mi`elina d`x ± ok laiwy `xwp izn ,(xingnd zrck laiw) l"pd oica xcbd .g
.35

˙¯ډ ˙‰‚‰·Â) ·"˜Ò „"È¯Ò ‰˘È¯Ù .Ó"Ò ‰Ú·˘ ˙ÏÁ

˙"¢ .‡"Ò ‡"Ï˘Ò Ó"ÂÁ ‡"Ó¯‰ 'ÓÓ Â¯ÈÚ‰ ¯·Î 2
ËϘ ÏÏÎ ‡"ÈÈÁ .·"˜Ò „"ί˙Ò ‡"‡·Â ‰ÙÂÒ· ‰ÏÙ˙ 'Ï‰Ï ‰ÁÈ˙Ù ‚"ÓÙ) ÌÈ
¯Á‡ ‰ÓΠ¢
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· ‰"ÎÂ .‡
È„Ï („ÂÚ .‡"Ï¯Ò „"ÂÈ Ò"˙Á ˙"¢ .Ê"Ò Ê"ÒÒ Ú"¢ ¯Âˆ˜ .·"ÈÒ
ÁÈ ˙‡ (Ê"Θ˙ ˙
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) ‡„¯ÂÈÙ È‚‰
ÓÓ ¯ÈډϠ.(352 'Ú Ìȯ„
È
È„) ˯ÂÙ˜
‡¯Ù ıÓ‡ ÛÒÂÈ· ‰"Π.‰"¯Ú„ Ìȯ„

:Ê"È˜Ò „"ÂÈ (‡"Ó¯‰„ ¯„ Ô·) ÛÂ

‰ÙÈ ˙"¢· ÔÎ ·˙Î ¯·Î˘ Ó"¢ .¯„
Î ‡‰È ‡Ï˘ ÌÈÙˆ¯ Ù"‚ ˜"ÎÂÈ ÔÈ˘ÂÚ Ôȇ˘
.Â"ˆÒ Á"‡ Ì˘ Ú"ˆÂ ."ÂÈÏÚ ÏÙÂ
¯„
Ì˘ Ù"‚ ÍÎ ‚‰
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‫רלט‬ χ¯˘È È‚‰Ó

ik ,xcp llka opi`y ,lwdl yi zelirene zeaeh zebdpd dnkay xxal epkx`d b ze`a .h
.devn ixcpa e` zeyixt ly xaca wx `ed xcp xcb
30 dxrd d`x ± devn ixcp xcba opi` zn`a la` devn jxq yi zebdpd dnka .i
.myl mi`elinae
31 dxrd d`x ± xcp llka opi` devn xcba opi`y dyre meway zeaeh zebdpd .`i
.myl mi`elinae
.Ì˘Ï ÌȇÂÏÈÓ·Â dxrda d`x ± mipexg`a exkfpy zeaeh zebdpdl ze`nbec .ai
.myl mi`elinae 28 dxrda d`x ± xcpk liren f"d recne aeh bdpnc xcbd zellka .bi

aeh bdpn xizdl d"xrc `rcen zxiqn lr jenql

lwdl jenql yi ,xcp mrhn `edy aeh bdpnac ,4 d`xza `xcc 3 miwqet dnka epivn .`
.5 ixcp lk zrya k"eiae d"xra `rcen mixqeny epbdpnl
.6 (`"q `"ixq c"ei `"nx) lecb jxeva `"k dligzkl f"r opiknq `l oicd xwirny s`e

'ÈÓ˘Ó ‚"Ú˜Ò ‡"Á Ìȯه ˙··¯ ˙"¢ .Î"˜Ò ‡"ˆÒ ‡"Á ‰ÓÏ˘ ˙Á
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24 'Ú‰ ¯„
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‡Â‰˘ ¯˘Ù‡Â ,¯„
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ȇ ˙¯Á‡ ‰·ÈÒ Â‡ ˙¢ÏÂÁ ˙ÓÁÓ

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‰ ˙ÏÈÁ˙· ,˙ÂÈ˯ٷ
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ψ‡ Íω ˜¯ ,Ï¢ÎÓ ˘˘Á ˙ÓÁÓ Ì¯˙ȉ· ‰ˆÂ¯Â ̉· ¯ÂÎÊ˘ Ìȯ„
Ô˙‡· (‰"¯Ú· Ìȯ„
˙¯˙‰„) ‰Ê ¯Â„ÈÒ ÁÒÂ

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˙¯˙‰ ÔÈ„Ó ‡Â‰˘ Ìȯ·ÂÒ‰Ï ,ȯ„

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χ¯˘È ¯Â‡ ‫רמ‬

yegl yie ,`rcend lr jneqe excpn c"kz `rcena xkfpa m` ik liren epi`y `"ic ,z`f cere
xirdle .7 minrh dnkn ip`y bdpn ixcpay eazk xak ± (`"i mya a"q `"ix r"ey) mdixacl
elbxedy epipnfa f"r jenql `ly (a"q my) `"tyae (i"q `"ixq) y"dexra k"yn itl mby
,ixc xeyk`c epinia dpd ± (f"cr minrh cer y"iire) oebipae dltzk df mixne`e ,df gqepa
.`rcen zxiqnl mipeeknc `xazqn ,mixcp zxzd onfa d"xra mb 'b ipta exne`l elbxede
.liren dltzk mixne`yk mbc 'p (bl ± fw sl` c"g) f"acxd z"eyay mb dne

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Ôȇ˘ ¯Ó‡È ‡Ï‡ ,‰¯˙‰ ÏÈÚÂÈ ‡Ï˘ ¯ÂÓÁ ¯˙ÂÈ 'È‰È Ï·‡ ,¯„
˙¯Â˙Ó È‰ ‡Ï„ ¯˘Ù‡„ ,È‚Ò ‡Ï ‰Ê· 'Èه .‰¯˙‰
ÍÎÈÙÏ ,¯„
˙¯Â˙Ó ‡Â‰ ‰ˆ¯È˘ ÌÈÓÚÙ‰ Ô˙‡„ Ï"Ù‡ ÔÈÈ„Ú .‰ˆÂ¯˘ ÌÈÓÚÙ‰ ‡ ‡"Ù ‡Ï‡ ,ÌÏÂÚÏ ÔÎ ‚‰
Ï Â˙Ú„
.˘Â·Ï‰ ˙
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¯·È„ ¯˘‡ ¯·„‰ ‡Â‰Â ."¯„Â
Â
ȇ„ ˘¯ÙÈ„ 'ˆ
.
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‰Ó ¯ÈÙ˘ ,Ìȯ„
È
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È˘ ÂÈÏÚ Ï·È˜ ‡Ï ,Ù"‚ ‚‰
·„ Ô·ÂÓ Ê"ÙÏÂ
Âȯ·„Ï Ï·‡ ,˙Â˘È¯Ù È‚‰
Ó· ,‡Ú„ÂÓ ˙¯ÈÒÓ Ó"Ï ,˘Â·Ï‰ 'È˘· Ì‚„ ,Âχ ȯ·„Î Âχ ȯ·„ Ìȷ¯˜„ Â
Ï ‡ˆÈ Ê"ÙÏÂ
.¯ÂÒÈ‡Ï ‚ÈÈÒ ‡Â‰˘Î ˜¯ Ê"‰
,Ì
Ó‡ .˙·‡‰ ˙Ï·˜Â ¯„
ÔÈ„Ó ‡Â‰ ˙˜ÂÏÁÓ ·"È˘ ¯·„· Ì‚˘ Ï"¯ (È˙·˘ ‰"„ ʘ 'ÈÒ „"ÂÈ) Ò"˙Á ˙"¢· 17
‡¯˜ÈÚÓ ‡Â‰˘ ¯·„ ¯È˙‰Ï ˘"Ï ,Â˙ÂÓÎ ‰Îω ‰Ú·˜
˜ÒÂÙÎ ‰Ú¯Î‰·˘ ‡"Î ,¯„
ÌÂ˘Ó ‡Ï ‡Â‰ Ê"η ¯Â‡È·‰ ˙ÂˢÙ
'Ú‰·˘ Ì"„˘¯‰ÓÎ ‡Ï„ .ÌȘÒÂÙ‰ ËÂÚÈÓ ˙Ú„ ˜¯ ‡Â‰˘ ‚"‰Î· Ì‚ Ì˘ Ò"˙Á‰ ¯ÈÓÁ‰ Ë"‰Ó˘ ,Ï"ȇÂ] .‡
È„„
‰"„ È ˙‡ Á"ÈÒ Ô„¯Â‚ ¯ÊÚÈχ '¯ ˙·¢˙ Ì‚ ‰‡¯Â .‚"˜Ò Á"ÏÒ ·"Á Ú˘Â‰È ¯·„ ˙"¢· ˘¯ÙÏ Î"Π.[Ó"· .‰‡·‰
.ÌȘÒÂÙ· ÔÂ˘Ï‰ ˙ÓÈ˙Ò ‰"Π.(‡"„Á 'È˘Ù
‡ ‡È¢ „"Ú) Ï·‡
˜ÒÂÙ „ÁÎ ¯ÈÓÁ‰Ï ‚‰
 ˙˜ÂÏÁÓ ·"È˘ ̘ӷ„ ,‰"˜Ò „"Ϙ˙Ò· ÂÏ ˙È
˘Â Ê"˜Ò ‡"
˜˙Ò ‡"‚Ó‰ ˘"ÓÙÏ 18
ÌÈ·¯ ÂÓÚ ÂÓÈÎ҉ .Ó"Ò „"ÂÈ Ì"„˘¯‰Ó ˙"¢ Ì˘· '· ˙‡ ‰"‡ È‚‰
Ó Â"ˆ˙Ò Á"¯Ù· ˘„˜· ÔΠ.ÏÏÎ ‰¯˙‰ Ó"Ï
χ¯˘È ¯Â‡ ‫רמד‬

zrc laiwc oicd xcbae ,daeg zxeza mlawn epi`y zexnega i`pzd
dxzd ipdn `l mixqe`d
p"la xne`y dna ibq `l ,zeyixt ibdpn lawnac gken r"eyd oeylnc ,` ze`a l"zp .a
.mlerl ok bedpl dvex epi`y mb l"v `l`
cr i"hp iabl (f"dc` r"eye f"he `"bna mye ,'iqd seq i"aa) `"qwq g"e`a epivn mpn`
'ad i`pzd mb 'fp `le ,daeg zxeza lawn epi`y dpziy zexneg x`ya b"dke rexf ly dpwd
d`xpke ,elw 'iq a"g xyei ixn` z"eya dywdy enke) mlerl ok bedpl dvex epi`y xn`iy
.a"ve .(`iyewa x`yp
,a"eike zeyixta ixiin `l mzdc ,f"`f axw `le ,llk w"lc ,ycg xac `pin` c"prtle
.dfa wlgl yi `aehe .mixingnd zrck bdepe r"n meiw ote`a miwqetd zwelgna `"k
dpziy `c oebka libxk `le ,zeyx zxeza `edy dpziy my k"yna a"vc dncwdae
'e`kl ,xcp llka `edy mipexg`d znizqy s`c ,mcwdae] 20 dfa 'iad sxeze .19 p"la `diy

.[‚"‰Î· ÂÏ ÔÈÚÓ¢ Ôȇ ‰Èχ ‡Â·È 'ÈÙ‡„ (‡ ,·˜ ˙ÂÓ·È Ù"Ú) ‰"ÚÒ „"ÂÈ ˆ"ˆ ˙"¢·Â] .ÌÈÓÏ˘Â
ȯÂÒȇΠÂÈÏÚ ÂϷȘ˘ È
ÙÓ ‡Â‰
"Ï· ˙¯ÈÓ‡ Ó"‡˘ ‰Ó„ ,Ó"˜Ï ‰"‡Ï· ,ÌÈ
Ù· ÏÈÚÏ„ ˘Â·Ï‰ 'È˘Ï ,Ì
Ó‡ 19
Ê"ȇ˘ Ô·ÂÓ ‡ÏÈÓÓ„ ,‰· ‰
˙ȇ ‰Èȯ˙ ,‰·ÂÁ ˙¯Â˙· ‡Ï ˙¢¯ ˙¯Â˙· ‡Â‰˘ ¯Ó‡· Î"‡Â ,(14 'Ú‰ Ï"
Î) ‰¯Â˙
¯ÂÒÈ‡Ï ‚ÈÈÒ· ȯÈȇ ‡Ï ‡Î‰„ ,ԇΠ˘Â·Ï‰„ ÂÓÚË ¯˜ÈÚ ˘"Ï ‰"‡Ï·„ ,„ÂÚ ˙‡Ê .¯„
ÌÂ˘Ó Â· Ôȇ˘Â ,‰¯Â˙ ȯÂÒȇÎ
.Ï"˜Â .(29 'Ú‰Ï ÌȇÂÏÈÓ· ÔÓ˜Ï ‰‡¯Â)
(Ì˘ ÔÓ˜Ï) '˙
Y ¯„
Î ‰Ï ÈÂ˘Ó ‚‰
Ó‰ ÌˆÚ˘ ÈÙÏ
"Ï· ˙¯ÈÓ‡ Ó"‡˘ ‰Ó„ (ÌÈ
¯Á‡‰ '„Ó) Ï"˙
˘ÓÏ Ì‚ Û‡Â
¯ÓÂÏ ¯·˙ÒÓÂ .„ÂÁÏ
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‰Ó„ ¯ÓÂÏ ÌÂ˜Ó (˙Â˘È¯Ù È‚‰
Ó· Î"‡˘Ó ,‰ÂˆÓ È‚‰
Ó·Â) ‰ÂˆÓ ¯·„Ï ‰Ï·˜·˘
.‰ÂˆÓ ¯·„Ï ‰Ï·˜Î ‰ÂÓÎ È"Ë
· ‡¯ÓÂÁ„
."Ï· ¯Ó‡˘ ("‰·ÂÁ ˙¯Â˙· Â
ȇ˘") Ï"
‰ 'Ï· ‰Ï ˘¯ÙÓ„ Ë 'ÈÒ ı
ÈÓ È"¯‰Ó ˙"Â˘Ï Ù"ȯ‰Ó 'È·· ‰‡¯ Ì
Ó‡
·"
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‰ÓÎ ‰
˜‰ „Ú È"Ë
· Ï·‡ ,‡ÓÏÚ· ‡¯ÓÂÁ ‡Â‰„ Ì˙‰ È
‡˘„ ¯Ó‡
Î"‡‡ ,¯Á‡ ÔÈ
ÚÏ) Á"È˜Ò ·Ò˜ 'ÈÒ ˆ"‰Ú˘·
·È˘Ó ÌÁ
Ó ˙"¢·Â .(·"˜Ò ‡"Ò˜Ò ˆ"‰Ú˘· Ú"ˆÂ .ÂÙÂÒ· ‡Ò˜ 'ÈÒ Ï"‰·· Ú"‰ Î"˘Ó ÔÈÚΠ,‡È„Ó ÔÎ Ìȯ·ÂÒ ÌȘÒÂÙ
.‡‰· È‚Ò Âȯ·„Ï ,ÌÏÂÚÏ ÔÎ ‚‰Â
Â
ȇ˘ Â
Èȉ ˙¢¯ ˙¯Â˙·Â ,˙Á‡ ‰
ÂÂÎÏ ‰ÏÂÚ ÏΉ˘ ÈÓ
'ÈÙ Ê"ÓÒ (ÌÈ·
˘¯È˜)
.ÌȘÒÂÙ· ˙Â
Â˘Ï‰ ȘÂÏÈÁ· 23 'Ú‰Ï ÌȇÂÏÈÓ· Ì‚ ‰‡¯Â
ÌÚËÓ ‡Â‰ ,ÂÈ˙Ù˘· ‡ÈˆÂ‰ ‡Ï˘ Û‡ ¯„
¯Â˙· ÏÈÚÂÓ ÏÏη ·ÂË ‚‰
Ó˘ ‰Ó„ ,‡"‡· ˜ÏÁÏ ‡"‰ ˘È¯Ó 20
˙"¢ ‰‡¯Â .ËÓ¯ 'ÈÒÂÒ Á"‡ ˜È˘ Ì"¯‰Ó ˙"¢ .Ò˙ 'ÈÒÂÒ Á"‡ ˙"Ú˘· Ê"„Ú ‰‡¯) ÂÈ˘ÚÓ ÍÂ˙Ó ˙¯ÎÈ
Â˙·˘ÁÓ„
(‡"Ò¯˙ ‡
ÏÈÂÂ ,Ô‡Ò
ÈÒÂ
) ÌÈÈÁ ÌÈÓ ¯‡· 'Ò· Ì‚ ‰‡¯Â .Â"˘Ò „"ÂÈ Ê"
·‡ ˙"¢· ˙ˆ˜ Ó"Π.·Ò 'ÈÒÂÒ Á"‡ „Â„Ï Ô¯˜
ÔÎ ‚‰Â
˘ ‰˘ÚÓ È˙‡„ ,
"Ï· ˜¯ ¯Ó‡È˘ ‰Ó Ó"‡ ÈΉÏ .(‡"‡· Ì˘Ï ÌȇÂÏÈÓ·Â 28 'Ú‰ ÔÓ˜Ï ‰‡¯Â .‡ ,·È ˙È
Ú˙
‡"Ù˘‰ ˙ÈÈ˘Â˜ ˙·˘ÂÈÓÂ] .ÌÏÂÚÏ ÂÊ ˙Â˘È¯Ù· ÔÎ ‚‰
Ï ‡Ï˘ Ú"Ú Ï·˜È ¯Ó‡Ï ÛÈÒÂÈ˘ 'ˆ ÔÎÏ ,¯·Ȅ ÏË·Ó ÌÏÂÚÏ
ÔÎ ‚‰
Ï ‡Ï˘ Ï·˜Ó ˙Ó‡·˘ ‰
ÂÂΉ ȇ„„ Y Â˙¯ÈÓ‡· ¯˜˘È ‰ÓÏ ÌÏÂÚÏ ÔÎ ‚‰
Ï Â˙Ú„· ̇„ ,‡"Ò „"È¯Ò „"ÂÈ·
.[ÌÏÂÚÏ
.(Ì˘ Ê"ˉ ˘"ÓÎ ,‡ÈÒ‰¯Ù· ‡Ï˘ Ù"ÎÚ) „ÈÓ˙ ÔÎ ¯ÈÓÁÓ˘ ȯÈÈÓ È‡„ ,È"Ë
· Ô‚ΠÌȯÈÓÁÓ ˙Ú„Î ‚‰
· Ì
Ó‡
¯„
ÔÈ„ ·"ȇ ‡ÏÈÓÓ ,˙¢¯ ˙¯Â˙· ‡Â‰˘ ,¯Á‡ ÔÂ
‚Ò· Ï"ˆ ‰"¢Ó ,ÌÏÂÚÏ ÔÎ ‚‰
Ï Â˙Ú„· Ôȇ˘ ÔÎ Ï"Ù‡‡ Î"ÚÂ
¯Ó‡˘ ‡Ù‚ ‰Ê·„ :˙ˆ˜ ¯Á‡ ÔÂ
‚Ò·Â) .
"Ï· ‡‰È˘ ‰
˙È˘ ·˙Î ‡Ï ˙¢¯ ˙¯Â˙· ‡Â‰˘ ‰
˙È˘ 'ω ˘"‡Â .ÏÏÎ
.((Ì˘ ‚"ȯҷ Ú"¢‰ 'ÏÎ) "‰ˆ¯È˘ ÌÈÓÚÙ·" ˜¯Â ,ÌÏÂÚÏ ÔÎ ‚‰
È˘ Á¯Î‰ Ôȇ˘ Ï"¯ ˙¢¯ ‡Â‰˘
,¯„
· ÂÈÏÚ ÏÂÁÈ ‡Ï˘ ¯‰ÊÈÏ 'ˆ˘ ÔÈÚ‰ ̈ÚÏ ˜¯ ‡Â‰ Y „"È¯Ò „"ÂÈÏ ÔÈÈˆÏ ‚"È˜Ò ‡"Ò˜Ò· Ì˘ ‡"‚Ó· Î"˘Ó Ê"ÙÏÂ
.‡"‡· 23 'Ú‰ ÔÓ˜Ï ‰‡¯Â .Ï"
Î ,‰Ó‰ ÌȘÂÏÁ ȇ
˙‰ È˯ٷ Ï·‡
‡‰È ‡Ï˘ È"η ‰˜„ˆÏ ˙Â
È˙
‰ ¯ÙÒÓ ˙Â
˘Ï (Ó"η .161 'Ú „"˘˙ ˘"‰Ò ‰‡¯) ÌÈ
¯Á‡· ‡·ÂÓ‰ Ô·ÂÓ Ê"ÙÚÂ
·Â¯· Ì
Ó‡ .
"Ï· Â˙¯ÈÓ‡Ó ‡ÈˆÂÓ Ê"‰ „ÈÓ˙ È"η ÔÎ ‚‰Â
˘ ‰Ê·„ ,˘"‡ Ï"
‰Ï .È‚ÒÈ˙
"Ï· ˙¯ÈÓ‡· '‡ÎÏ ,¯„
Î
¯Ó‡· È‚Ò ‰ÂˆÓ È‚‰
Ó·„ ,29 'Ú‰Ï ÌȇÂÏÈÓ· ÔÓ˜Ï '˙
‰Ï .
"Ï· Ï"ˆ˘ ˜¯Â ,‰˜„ˆ ˙
È˙
È·‚Ï ÔÎ 'Ê
‡Ï ˙ÂÓ˜Ӊ
.˘"‡
"Ï·
·¯ ÂÓΠ·¯ ȯ‰˘ ·"ˆ '‡ÎÏ .¯„
· ÏÂÁÈ ‡Ï˘ ÁÒÙ· Ìȯ„ȉ· ‚‰
Ï ‡Ï˘ ÁÏ ˙¯·ÂÁ ˙ÂÓÈ˘¯Ó ¯ÈÚ‰Ï ÔÎ
‫רמה‬ χ¯˘È È‚‰Ó

,l"pk `lc l"z` 'it`e .jxe`a b ze` onwl z"iynke ,inrh dnkn ,llk xcp oic dfa y"l
oecl yi cer f"ecpa n"n ,mipexg`d miwqetdn dnk znizqke ,(opaxcn) lgi la meyn a"iye
oiprlc oeik ,eteqa ` 'iq l"pk dxzd n"` mixingnd zrc laiwac l"iiw ixdc ,[xg` oicn dfa
lhil xingna k"`e .21 p"la zxin` mb n"`c heyt ,oky oeikne .llk xcp oicn epi`y i`ce df
zxeza `edy xn`iy 'vy dn ,mixingnd zrc laiwy zexneg x`ya b"dke rexfd cr eici
22 ef 'iyk daege dkld lawi `ly ezpeek `"k ,xcp oicn `l `ed ,daeg zxeza `le zeyx

29 'Ú‰ ÔÓ˜Ï ‰‡¯Â)

"Ï· (¯ÓÂÏ ÏÂÎÈÂ) ¯ÓÂÏ ‚‰
ȯ‰„ È˘˜È˙ ‰"‡Ï· Ì‚Â ,‡Ù‚ Ì˘ ÔÈȈÓÎ ,ÁÒÙ· Ìȯ„ȉ‰
.¯„
Î ‡‰È ‡Ï˘ ,˙ÂÚÈ·˜· ÔÎ ‚‰Ï ‡Ï˘ Ì‚ 'ˆ„ ‰
ÂÂΉ Ï"È .(‰˙ÏÈÁ˙·
·ÂË ‚‰
Ó· Ì‚
"Ï· ¯ÓÂÏ È‚Ò„ (Ï"
‰ 'Ú‰Ï ÌȇÂÏÈÓ· ÔÓÒ
‰· ‰‡¯) Ó"η ‡·ÂÓ‰ Ú"ˆÚ ,‰Ê ¯Â‡È· ÈÙÏ ,Ì
Ó‡
χ˘
Â Ï‡Â˘ ˙"¢· Ì‚ ‰‡¯Â .(˙¢¯ ˙¯Â˙· ‡‰È˘ ˙Â
˙‰Ï ·˙Î ‡ÏÂ) ·"ÂÈΠÌÈÙÒÎ ¯˘ÚÓÎ È„ÈÓ˙ ‚‰
Ó ‡Â‰˘
'Ú‰ ÔÓ˜Ï ‰‡¯Â .„ÂÁÏ
"Ï· ˙¯ÈÓ‡ ‰ÏÈÚÂÓ„ Ï"È ,‰ÂˆÓ È‚‰
Ó· ‰"‡Ï· ,Ï"
Î ,Ì
Ó‡ .Ê"„Ú ‰˘˜‰˘ ‰Ó 12 'Ú‰·˘
.23
Ó"Ó ,Î"ÂÈÚ· ˜¯ ÏËÂ
„ Û‡„ ,Î"ÂÈÚ· ÌÈ
¯Á‡ ÌÈÓ ˙ÏÈË
È·‚Ï ‡"Ò Ë"ȯ˙Ò ‡"ËÓ· Â
ÈˆÓ ‚"‰Î„ ,Ê"ÙÏ ·"ˆ Ì‚
'Ú‰) Ï"
‰ ·È˘Ó ÌÁ
Ó ˙"¢·Â) „ÈÓ˙ ÔÎ ‚‰
Ï ‡Ï˘ ‰Ê· ‰
ÂÂΉ„ Ì˘ ˘¯ÂÙÓ ,‰·ÂÁÏ ‰Ê ڷ˜ Â
ȇ˘ ‰
˙È˘ ¯Ó‡˜
ÔÂÂÎ˙
‡Ï˘ ËÂ˘Ù„ ,ÛÈ҉Ϡ.˙Â
˙‰Ï 'ˆ Ú„Ó ,(˙"È˘Ú· ‡) Î"ÂÈÚ· ˜¯ ÔÎ ‚‰Â
· Ì˘ ȯÈÈÓ ‰"‡Ï· ȯ‰„ ‰˘˜˙
(17
¯‡˘Ï ¯„
· ÏÁ Â
ȇ˘ ('„ΠÌÈ‚ ˙ÙÎ) ˙"È˘Ú·˘ ˙Â¯È‰Ê ¯‡˘Ó ˘"Ó„ ,¯„
ÌÂ˘Ó ‰
˘‰ Ïη ÂÈÏÚ ¯ÈÓÁ‰Ï ‡"ËÓ‰
‰‡¯Â .(˜Á„ .ÏΉ ˘"‡Â .Î"ÂÈÚ Ïη „ÈÓ˙ ÔÎ ‚‰
È ‡Ï ‰
˙È˘ ‰
ÂÂΉ Èχ .‚"¯˙Ò Á"‡ È"·· ˘"ÓÎ ,‰
˘‰ ˙ÂÓÈ
.‰‡·‰ 'Ú‰·
˘„Á· ¯ÈÓÁ‰Ï Ï·˜Ó‰„ (‚È ˙‡ ‡ 'ÈÒÂÒ ˘„Á ˙ίÚÓ „"Ò‡ Á"„˘· ‡·Â‰Â) ‡ ÔÓÈÒ ‰"ʯ‰ 'ÈÁ· ‰‡¯Â 21
ÔÈ· ‰Ê ÔÈ
Ú· ˜ÏÁÓ˘ È"Ò ÊΘ ÏÏÎ ‡"ÈÈÁ· ‰‡¯Â .˙ˆ˜ ¯Á‡ ÌÚËÓ ‰ÏÚ È‡˜ Ì˘„ '
Ï·‡] ÏÏÎ
"Ï· ˙¯ÈÓ‡ Ó"‡
‚‰
Ï Ï·È˜˘ ÈÓÏ ‰¯˙‰ Ó"Ï„ 'È˘‰Ï„ Ê"˜Ò „"ί˙Ò Á"‡ Ó"„· Â
ÈˆÓ ‚"‰Î .[Ù"‰Â¯ „"΢ ÌÂ˘Ó Â‡ ˙Â˘È¯ÙΠϷȘ
‡"Î ¯„
ÔÈ„Ó Ê"ȇ„ ÌÂ˘Ó Â
Èȉ ,
"‰ÈÙΠ.(Ê"˜Ò Ì˘ ‡"‚Ó· 'ÈÚÂ) Ó"Ï ÌÏÂÚÏ ÔÎ ‚‰
È ‡Ï˘ ȇ
˙ Ì‚ ,Î"ÂÈ ÌÈÓÈ '·
.‰·ÂÁÎ 'ÈÏÚ 'ÈÈ¢„
¯˘·Â Ï"ÂÁ· ˘„ÁÎ ‡
È„Ó ÌȯÒ‡ ˘È˘ ¯·„· ˙"È˘Ú· ¯„‰Ï Ôȇ˘ (·"Ò ‚"¯˙Ò Á"‡) ˘"‰Â¯Ú· Î"˘Ó Ô·ÂÓ Ê"ÙÚÂ
Á"‡ È"·· ‡·Â‰) ı"·˘˙‰ ˙¯·Ò Â‰Ê ‰‡¯
ÎÂ) Î"Á‡ ÂÏÎÂ‡Ï ÂÏ ¯Â҇ ,ÌȯÒ‡‰ ˙Ú„ ÂÈÏÚ Ï·È˜Î Ê"‰„ ,‡Î¯ÈÒ ‡Ï·
Âȯ·„Ó ,(‰"Ò Á"Ò˜Ò ¯È‡Ó ˙È·Î ‡Ï„ ‡Â‰Â .ÌÈ‚ ˙Ù· ˜¯ Ϙ‰ ȇ ‰Ê· ÂÓˆÚ È"·‰ ˙
ÂÂη Ú"ˆÂ .ÌÈ‚ ˙Ù· (‚"¯˙Ò
,‰·ÂÁ ˙¯Â˙· ‡Ï ˙¢¯ ˙¯Â˙· Ê"„ Ï·˜Ó ‡Â‰˘ ¯Ó‡È˘ ‰·ÂË ‰ˆÚ ˘"˙Î ‡Ï˘ ‰Ó .
"Ï· ˙¯ÈÓ‡ Ì‚ ÏÈÚÂ˙ ‡Ï˘ 'Ó
‡Â‰˘ ¯Ó‡· Î"‡˘Ó ,'ÂΠ‰ÂˆÓ ȯ„ȉ· ‰¯‰Ë ‰˘Â„˜· ÛÈÒÂ‰Ï Â
È
Ú˘ ˙"È˘Ú· ˘"Ï Ê"„„ ,˜Á„· Ï"È Y ÔӘτÎ
Â
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¯Á‡ ÌÈÓ· ˙Â
˙‰Ï Íȯˆ‰ (˙ӄ˜‰ 'Ú‰·˘) ‡"ËÓ‰˘ ‰Ó ˘"‡ Ê"ÙÚ .‡„ȯ‚ ˙¢¯‰ ¯·„
ϷȘ ‡Ï ‰ÏÈÁ˙ÎÏÓ˘ Û‡ ,‰·ÂÁ ˙¯Â˙· Ï·˜Ó Â
ȇ˘ (‰¯‰Ë ˙ÂȘ ˙ÙÒÂ˙Ï „ÈÙ˜‰Ï ÂÏ È‡¯ ,‰
˘‰ ͢ӷ ¯‰Ê

.‰ÙÂÒ· 35 'Ú‰· ‰‡¯ Ï·‡ .ÔÈ„‰ ¯˜ÈÚÓ ÌȯÈÓÁÓ ˘È˘ ÌÈ

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‡˘„ Y ˙"È˘Ú· ‡"Î
ÌÈ
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·
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ȯ·„Ï ‡˙ÚÈÈÒ 22
χ¯˘È ¯Â‡ ‫רמו‬

.[f ze` mixe`iaa g llk (x`ec) izxn` lh 'qa f"irk n"ey]

,zeyx f"d d"`lac ,zeyx zxeza `edy dpziy exn` `l zeciqge zeyixt bdpna jci`l
zeyixt mlek ,23 dxzd 'vy miwqete `"bne i"aa 'fpy n"ka ok`e] .xcp 'idi `ly ezpeeke
.25 c"qa lkd y"`e .24 [dxzd n"` f`c ,oicd xwirn ok mixingn yiy `le ,`bdpnn zeciqge

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.ÌȇÂÏÈÓ· ‰‡¯Â .‰·ÂÁΠ‰
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Ú˙Î 23
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È„ ÌÈÎÏÓ ÔÁÏ˘ Ì‚ ‰‡¯Â
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.(‰ÏÙ˙Ï ‰
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‰ Ôȇ˘ ‰ÊÓ 'ȇ¯‰Â
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È
Ú·Â .(„ÂÚÂ
‫רמז‬ χ¯˘È È‚‰Ó

zexrdl mi`elin

:2 dxrdl
,xcp oic dfa y"l ,ynn xeqi` myl mlaiw `ly zexnegac oecl `"tyd k"yn dpde
`l`) p"la xne` 'id xkef 'id eli`y icdq op`e ,xcp zxeza mzeyrl ezrc 'id `l i`cec
`"`a k"b 'k f"cr ± (lwdl yi ,ixcp lk xn`y ote`a n"n ,dlr opiknq `lc idpc miiqy
ok miiwny l"x d`xpke] xecz `l xy` aeh miiwny mc`ac ,z"ecdn `"twzq yh`yhean
oecpa dxzd jixvd `ed mb la`) xcpl oeekzp `l i`ce ['iytp ifexfl devny devn ixcpa mb
oixizne oil`ypy lwdl sipqk wx l"pd `xaql jxvpy ,oihiyd oian eixacn d`xpke ,'icic
bdpn c"r b"iq `"g liredl cnln z"ey zpeeka 'p f"irke .(ezpeeka a"vre .devn ixcp
jldy in k"l`c ,xcpa f"c envr lr lawn mc` oi`y xazqnc 'ky ,dpnfa ziaxr lltzdl
wqtd ila t"b lltzdy in e` zecigia lltzdl k"g` dvexe p"kdiaa lltzdl wqtd ila t"b
dvex m` xcp xzid jixv `di dpnfa `ly oilltzny p"kdial k"g` `ae dpnfa aixrn
k"re" :my dlr miiq mle`] .xcp myl mc`d zpeek oi`c l"x d`xpke .xeavd mr my lltzdl
ebdpy xacac ,ezpeek p"ditke ."xcpk df pdpn eilr law llka xeavd `ny wx yegl oi`
,dtcrdl `l` dkxvp `le ,heyt f"ce .k"b ihxt xcpa r"r lawl cigid zpeek oi` xeaivd
.cigi lkc ihxt xcp cvn yyg oi` bdpnd lr xearl xzeny ote`ay ,xeaiv bdpn ipicn n"kc
`ly oeik m`c k"b azky `"iq h"nxq g"e` y"dexrn `"g ipxirde .[`"wna dfn epazke .t"fe
bedpl `l oeiky ezpeekc `ed epiprn cnld xacc ,o`kl jiiy epi` la` .ziaeig dpi` xcp myl
.(az 'iqeq c"ei eixaca d"ke) mlerl ok

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Ó ˙"¢ ‰‡¯) Ï·ËÈ˘ „Ú ‰¯Â˙ ‰ÏÙ˙· ¯ÂÒ‡˘
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χ¯˘È ¯Â‡ ‫רמח‬

xcepa 'il `wtqnc y"iir ,(` ,g mixcp) `"fyxbdl q"ydr dnly zgpna `vnp f"irke]
zxifbn xcp ied `linne ezrca xenbiy wx opira `lc e` ,xecpl oeekziy jixv m` ,miiprl
i` :zvw `"e`ae) dxeza yiy mixcp zyxtn rci `l la` ozil eala xnba n"wtpe .aezkd
.[r"va x`ype .(xcp ied `l d"`lae xcpk ez`yr dxezdy ezlaw zrya df xac rciy opira

xwira ,mpn` .mdixacn d`xpke ,cegl ef `xaq lr l"pdk eknq `l dyrnl rbepa dpde
,liren epi` xcpl ezrca oi`y dnc ,`cg .il dey eppi` f"ke ,b"rv izeekcle icicl ,mixacd
,devn xacl dlaw lka oke ,zepyle mikydl eilry dpy`e miky` xne`a ok `nip eh`c
xirdle] .`teb xcpd edf ,zepyle mikydl oeekzpy dnc e"` .xcpl oeekzp `ly icdq op`c
... miiwl zaiigzp `ly aeygz l`" :(fq) c yexc zeygl zr a"g (ebit) mizrl dpiad 'ln
eil` rbepy dn oiprl(c) ... dreay e` dlaw mey ila `nlra `nzq xeaic jxc zxn`y dn
zxaicy dn ynn dacp aygpy `ed dfa ,`veike devn efi` zeyrl e` dxez cenll oebk 'zi
,devn xaca c"ecpae) xcp 'l eitn `ivedy lkc mixcp ipica n"ka yxetnke .["mzqa jita
dnke .i`ade oifixf ixcp ip`ye) xcp f"d envr xeq`l oeekzp `ly s` ,(xcp 'l `ll mb 'e`kl
dyn z`yn .jli`e n 'r mixcp z`ltd 'hpewa (dti) oiprk l`ey d`x ± xacl zegked
k"yke .(b"q mixe`d ze`ltd d`xe .e"q mixcp l`eny zkxa d`x la` .`"q mixcp (ipexag)
.devn lawle r"` aiigl oeekzp zn`ay dpy`e miky`a

rxb `l ± xcp 'l o`k oi`y itl ,zniieqn dcna ith rxb dpy`e miky`ac l"z` s`e]
,xcpl ci mrhn ipdn `teb dpy`e miky`c zercdl hxtae) xcp 'l oda oi`y mixcp zecin
zrya melk ayg `l 'it` epiide) xeqi`l oeekzp `nzqnc zecia l"iiwe ,(24 'rd onwl d`x
yxit k"`` ,(30 'rd mixcp yix `"ahixl xicdnd zedbda d`xe ,flhn g"xbd 'ig ± xeaicd
,d mixcp 'qezn gkenck) oiwleg yi df ote`a mbe ,(mixcp yix `"ahix) xeqi`l oeekzp `ly
zn`ay c"ecpa `ed k"yk ,l"pke ,(`"q xifp awri zelidw d`xe .`"avixd mya ipzil d"c a
mby (c"wq b"xq c"ei j"y) izkec dnka gkenc ,dwcv ozil wqeta f"cre .devn lawl oeekzp
enk) dwcv meyn a"iy c"ka ,zeax dpdk epivne .xcp l"ed xcpl dpeek `ll mzq wqeta
oeekzp `lc heyty s` ,ea xefgl i"`e xcpk l"edc ,(a"eike ,(onwl d`x) iprl dpzn gihand
oirk e` xcp zxeza milge ,xcp 'l a"i`y mixacn ,xetqn eax ze`nbec dnke] .llk xcpl
'iyl) y"qez zlaw enk ,mnvr aiigl e` mnvr xeq`l epeiky lk ,xcpl epeek `ly s` ,xcp
mye .28 'rd onwl d`xe ,ok mixaeqdl) `xeqi`c dkizg 'iytp` `iey ,(b"qxq g"e` yeald
.(c"id a"t mixcp m"anx) xwtde ('iytp` `iey oicn milg aeh bdpne devn xacl dlawy
.c"ecpa p"de .[n"k`e

i`ce `dc ,xcpk 'iieey`l mc`d zrc cvn epi` xcpk epic aeh bdpny dn ixdc ,cere
elflfi `ly ick opaxcn `l` epi` df oic xwir lke .llk xcpl ezpeek oi` zeyixt bdpn lkay
miky` xne`a f"cre) xcpk oeeik `ly dfn ol ztki` i`ne ,(28 'rda onwlcke) mixcpa
y"nke .xcp cvn `le ,dwcv ef jita meyn eaeig (25 'rd onwl d`x) o"xd zrcly ,dpy`e
dxezdy wxe xcpl llk ezpeek oi`y dpy`e miky`ac (f"wq f"q my) envr dnly zgpnd
dlaw ly ote`a oeekzp `lac ('qezd 'ca ` ,g my) `"e`ae .`rcen zxiqn ipdn xcpk ez`yr
mizty iehia `kil ixdc ,xcp ixcb a"i` aeh bdpna d"`la `lde .(`rcen zxiqn ipdn ynn
epiwf zhiya `"tydy okzie] .(aeh bdpnc xcp xcba ,myl mi`elinae 28 'rd onwl d`xe)
‫רמט‬ χ¯˘È È‚‰Ó

`pcne` wx 've ,mixcpa mizty iehia v"`y (c"iq c"ei n"ixd z"eya) l"qc dxn` m"ixd 'igd
aeh bdpny dnc ,y"iir la`) .26 'rdl mi`elina onwlck ,ealay zrc zexinb lr gkenc
ly md c"eil `"tyd 'igy `"i ixde .(xcp zxez lr giken epi` ebdpny oeik ,opaxcn wx `ed
ala zrc zexinb 'v xcpa ixdc ,epriyei `l f"k ,mle` .ok epi`y xxazpy `l` ,m"ixd 'ig
eala xnb `ly s` ok bedpl ezrcy e` ,t"b ok bdpy lke ,dfl mb v"` aeh bdpnae ,t"kr
lif`c ,wicv ly egwn ayiil iala dlr dligzne .xcpk epic `"t bdpe (28 'rd onwl d`x)
'rdl mi`elina onwl d`x) dxin`n sicr 'rnc ,z"dn xcp ded aeh bdpnc ,miwqetd 'iya
`edy my eixaca yxetn la` .(29 'rdl mi`elinak) eala xnb epiid bedpl ezrcy e` ,(l"pd
.[opaxcn xcp wx
mrhn oecl (eixac zligza) my `"tyd k"yn t"r ,mixacd miiwl mewn yi n"nc okzie
iccd ik ediieexz ile`e .`xneg jxca `"k ynn xeqi` myl mlaiw `l el` zexnegac xg`
,zeyixte xeqi` myl mixzend mixacn yextl ezrca t"kr ,aeh bdpnac ,ezpeeke ,hiwp
zexnega la` .mixcpl `inc n"nc ,xcp myl mc`d zrca oi`y s` ,xcpk epic d"eyne
xcp my f"r legiy laiw `l ikdc `zrc`c icdq op`e ,`xneg jxca mlaiwy ,`nlrc
meyn i`c ,cere .oiprd zxaqda r"vre .mixenb mixcp eh` xfbinl `kil i`d ik lk ,opaxcn
f"i` xeqi` myl laiw `ly lkc ,'iyta l"lede ,xcpl oeeik `ly icdq op`l ribdl v"` ,`d
.aeh bdpn xcba
cnll ycgle dfn xzei zeyrl licbd k"wq c"ei c"g daeyz zexxerzd z"eya ,mpn`
ziaa xewiak) devn jxq meyn a"iy c"k eyriy mzxin`a p"la `"`y mlerd bdpn lr zekf
df xacy mircei eid eli`c ,(30 'rd onwl d`x la` .eixed ziaa xewia k"ek`re ,exiag
zerha xcp enk dede [p"la mixne` eidy ezpeek ile`e] df xac mixne` eid `l mzaiign
mdy mixaeqy zngn mixzend mixaca xeqi` mibdepl dnece .xn` `l ikdc `zrc`c
zeabl ef 'lda o`k zekf lra `vn mewn dfi` ,`prci `le .xcpa melaw eli`k d"lc mixeq`
heyt la` .xcpd xwira drhenyk zerh ixcpe zebby ixcpk f"dc zehiyta l"lede ,ezekf z`
.a"eike dpy`e miky`c devn ixcp ipic lk xwer z`vnp ef `xaqlc ,llk oekp epi` f"ky
df zngne ,mixzen mixaca xeqi` bdepay oeikc ,xnele zkl wigxdl xyt` ,ef ezxaqle
.c"lq oilaeln m"xdn z"ey) zebby ixcpl incc ,llk xcp a"i` ,dlecb xzei devnn lhazn
'ir ,xcpd zrya `icdl ok 'it `ly oeik ,t"kr dxzd 'vc 'k b"wq d"kq `"bna mpn`
devnn lhazne ,lgi lac dlecb dxiar mxbp excp zngny ina k"` ± (my cere y"dgna
`"g mine`z mixcp z"`ltdn xirdle) .zerha xcpk d"d ,xenyz jizty `venc xzei dlecb
,ryxe `heg 'wpy z"l x"`c `zlin ied xcp lkc 'wdy (cecig jxcae d"c ` ,g mixcp)
`ven zevnn lhaziy gxkd oi`y dfl sqep)c ,zrcd z` gipn f"i`y heyte .(n"lr`e
xcp oic sebl dxizqa f"d ,l"pk(y ,xwird `ede z`f cer .mdipy miiwl eciae ,jizty
mikydl ezxin`y ,l"pk e"` .dpy`e miky`c 'ldd mvrl dxizqa f"d ,eppiprae .dxezay
`"k ,llk xcp oicn epi` eaeigc ,xg` oepbqae .xwire llk zerh dfa y"le ,`teb xcpd edf
gken l"v ,xcpd xwira drhenyk 'it` ,zerh ixcpac ,da cere .l"pk ,dwcv ef jita meyn
xne` 'id `ly qitn o`nc ,c"ecpa df y"le ,(a"iwq a"lxq c"ei f"h d`x) zn`a d"ky lkl
yic gztdy l"ic `"twq c"ei v"vd z"eya k"ynn ,xirdle] .xcpa lgy rcei 'id m`a ok
geztl leki envr `edy ,xcp xcepa dxiar yiy el xxazpy (` ,ak mixcp d`x) 'eb dhea
χ¯˘È ¯Â‡ ‫רנ‬

`teb l"pd oicn xirdl cere .devn xacl xcpa n"l ,(c"iwq a"lxq c"ei f"h) ok envrl
c"ei `"ty) mipexg`d 'k zn`ac ,xcepa dxiar yiy el xxazpy dfa geztl el xyt`y
wx `edy itl `ed dxzd irac i`ne ,zerh ixcp xcba `ed gzt lkc (n"ka d"ke .f"q g"kxq
.[c"ecpa `ed p"de .ok xcep 'id `l zn`ay gkenc `pcne` oi`e ,alay mixac
:mizyae ,l`xyi ly obdpn ayiil oiytp ipekynl `"e`a l"i ile`e
t"kre ,oiey eale eit oi`e ,ale al ila (a"eike dpy`e miky`) ok mixne`y libxy ,`cg (`
oiprl 26 'rdl mi`elina onwl d`x) ixnbl eala xacd ayiizpy ote`a ynn eala xneb epi`
dgiy jxc wcpq 'id` xne`a ,epivnpe d"c e"nq q`bxi` sqei ixac z"eya d`xe .dwcv ixcp
mi`elina onwl d`x) onf xg`l lr zeaygn ayega mgpzdl mc`d jxcny hxtae ,(`nlra
`ly oiprc b"wq d"nyq c"ei v"vd v"eya d`xe) zhlgene dxenb dlaw f"i`e ,(c"eqa 3 'rdl
b"rwq d"g izdwd hay z"eya k"ke .(eiztya `ived `ly dn oiprn xzei akrn eala xnb
xirdle .h"dn xcp meyn a"i`y (n"k`e .cizr 'l `edy 'itdl mb) jlr oxcd zxin` oiprl
eiptl) f"cr dltzd zepeyl dnka (fhx oeilb dxez ild` mixe`iae zexrd uaewa) h"ewydn
zad`e ly r"n ilr lawn ipixd zxin` oke ,dlile mnei dbdp mdae ,'eke cgte d`xia cearp
k"yn r"ve .gk 'r f"ig w"b` d`xe ,`ed q"dn cnere rayen l"pdkay `l`) .xcp oiprl ,('ek
dvx `ly oilaeln dfegd zbdpda (el ze` mya ihewl ,d"`n iazk) `"g ikcxn mya 'qa
.(xcp meyn daeyz dyriy xnel
ezii`e iell iaxa y"x 'itiike ilyn ol eziil xn` ielc ` ,hi f"ra `"yn ayiil yi dfae
lg excpy ,cere `"ahixd 'itl) ef 'qn dpy`e miky` enk iel ly ezxin` 'e`kl ixde ,miliz
ixac z"eyac ,l"i cecigd jxcae] .ixnbl xnb `ly l"ve .(? 'rdl mi`elina d`x ,'qnd lr
ly 'itn xirdl la`) utg eal ef 'qnay meyn lg excp dpy`e miky`ay k"wq b"g aivi
iazkna r"cn k"ke .jtidl ,bv ze` dxez jxr b"g ycgd ycew itxy giya ,wv`wn w"dxd
w"b`ae .y"xi elek mildzy itl 'iitky 'it b"`cga `"yxdna dpde .(h"iwq xebn dxez
cenll zn`a 'vy dn wx epiid utg ealy dnc iell l"qc f"tr 'k `z 'r `"g r"p a"yxden
utg eal y"l dzr el jxvp epi`y dn cenll utg m` la` ,(355 'r c"kg y"ewln xirdle)
l"ve evtg 'd zxeza p"fry s`e .g"`c cenil oiprl mye) 'vy dn cenll etekl milekie
utg yiyk n"n ,(`y 'r d"g c"ei xdfd r"eya dxwi oa` d`xe .` ,fw g"efn xirdle) ybxda
.[xcp meyn 'ia zil k"`e .(xe`d l` ribi mlrp
,devn miiwl eita xne`a `l` y"l ,xcpk epi` ixnbl eala ayiizp `lac ef `xaq ,mpn`
ezrca 'id la` `"t bdpa mbe .llk ezrca ol ztki` `l ixd ,t"b ok bdpy zexnega la`
,llk zrc zexinbl v"`e ,ezbdpd mvre seb cvn lg xcpd xwir ,xcpa lgy mlerl ok bedpl
t"`ca 29 'rdl mi`elina onwl 'zpd t"ry `l`] .xcpa 'ieey`l ibq ok bedpl ezrcay lke
cvn milg devn ibdpnc ,z"`eya zeyixte zexneg ibdpnl r"ewa devn ibdpn oia wlgl yic
,zeyixt ibdpna mbe .ixnbl eala ayiizp `lyk devn ibdpna lwdl mewn yi ± eala xnb oic
`pcne` `ed t"b libxy dnc ,xcp oic a"i`y xazqn ,`nlra i`xw`a 'id m` ,t"b ok bdpy
.[i`xw`a dyra ok xnel y"le ,mlerl ok bedpl dvexy
,llk devnl oeekzp `ly lk `icdl eala xnba mbc ,mlerd bdpn aeyia l"p cere (a
iprl daexn dpzn gihadac miwqetd zrca (my) v"vd z"eyn ilic `lige .xcp oic dfa y"l
‫רנא‬ χ¯˘È È‚‰Ó

ze`nbec cer y"iire) oexec jxc `l` dwcvl oeekzp `ly oeik ,oiey eale eit oi`c ,xcp d"l
oeekzpy i"r ewlg rxbi recne ,dwcv zevn f"d q"eq 'e`kle .(30 'rda onwl e`aed ,a"eik
'cn `vei ok lr xzie .llk devnl oeekzn epi`yk devn xacl dlaw y"lc ,l"vkre ,oexecl
iax ipe`xwiy n"r `"k minyl eal d"l i` dpy`e miky`ac (` ,g mixcp) b"`cga `"yxdn
eixacye ,f"r w"dyn ,izi`xe d"c l"pd mixcp z"`ltda d`x la`) `nlra xeaca xcp d"l
,devn xaca libxe ,llk eiztya `ived `lyk (wlgl yiy s`) e"we k"yke .(ce`n miycg md
k"b 'n ,l"pd v"vd z"eyne] .opaxcn 'it` xcp meyn 'ia zilc ,devnd meiwl dpeek ilan
olpnc e"wq yix my k"yne .xcpl oeekzp `ly dfn ol ztki` `l r"eklc ,lirl epixack
.zerhdl icka wx xn`y dn xn`e ,exac miiwl llk oeek `ly ote`a wx epiid ,xcpl oeekzpy
xwira encwy v"vd 'c d`x `le ,`xai` d"c g"iq cl`eepixb mdy ipa` z"eya f"irke
.[eziiyew
mcwdae ,l"pd 'eyz zexxerzda k"yn zvw ayiil mbe ,xzei mixacd wizndle l"i ile`e
dfa dnze] .xcp ded xcpl ezrc m` xiyr ipeltl dpznac `"kzzq dlibn ikcxna k"yn
wgcpy eteqa d"kq miig zkxa z"eya d`xe) dfa jiiy xcp dfi` (d"wq a"ixq) g"devwa
oic k"b a"i mixiyrl g"nbc l"qc l"x my jexa ixn` zedbdae .(dreayl dpeekdy yxtl
xefgl leki xiyrl daexn dpzn ozil xne`c (g"vzq `"t a"a) envr ikcxnd azky s`e .xcp
i`ne ,xcpl ezpeek l"vy 'k `l iprl dpzna ixde .[xcpl ezrc oi`ya i`w mzdc l"vkr ,ea
xexae ,dwcvc (30 'rd onwl d`x) zyxetn devn `idy ,iprl dpznac ,xnel gxkdae .`py
a"aa envr ikcxnd zrcl ± ozil eala xnb e`) eiztya `ivedy lk ,dwcvl ezpeeky xacd
devn jxq lka oke ,xiyrl dpzna la` .xcpl oeekzp `ly s` ,ynn xcp d"d (`"vzq `"t
seb ixd ,iprl dpznac ,xg` oepbqae .xcpl ezrc l"v ,devnl ezpeek oi`y ,zyxetn dpi`y
'rd onwlc qgpit zrab z"eya f"cr d`x) devnl ezpeek `lel mb ,devn 'rn `ed 'rnd
.ezpeek cvn wx devn d"d ,xiyrl dpzna la` ,(l"pd
ynn xeqi` myl mlaiw `l el` zexnegac xg` mrhn oecl my `"tyd k"yna dpde]
miwcwcndy n"kay 'p g"ad 'cn n"nc ,dlr miiq ± xcp oic dfa y"le ,`xneg jxca `"k
`"tyd zxaqk ,mpn` .l"pd g"ad 'cl iz`vn `l iiprae .p"la zepzdl 'v xingdl mibdep
zrcl oiyyegy dnc ,h"q c"ixql zekiiyd z"eya mixcp iiepika a"g oifixf ixcpa mb `vnp
mdy exaqe mixzend mixack l"edc oeik dxzd v"`c k"ynn la`) bdpn 'wp epi` xqe`d
z"eya d`xe .(r"ve .dkld dwqtpy mewna mixqe`d zrcl yeygl erha ixiinc 'n ,mixeq`
m` ,ikd `picy xaeqac) xcp oic y"l ,wtqn xeqi` bdepy lkc x 'iq `"g c"ei mixry zia
m` mbe .xeq`d xaca `"k xzend xaca xeqi` f"i` ,ok oicd m`e ,zerh xcp f"d oica dreh
'rd onwl d`xe .xcp xeza `le ,r"r laiw ef `xneg oibdepc `zrc` ,`xneg zngn wx `ed
`edy r"eya 'fpy lkc (y`xd ieqik oiprl) `"q `"g g"e` n"b` z"eya `vnp f"irke .(34
f"cre .zeciqg zcnl wx `edy dyer r"eyd c"rc ,llk xcp oic dfa `kil zeciqg zcn
`lc zrncn dpi` i`nc znexzc ,rce d"c a"q n"exz ipic a"g j`axrie` a"n`a iz`vn
g"`y oipin x`y znexz la` ,opaxc `aeig miiwl `"k xcpk epevxe evtgn dnexz my `xw
z"ey d`x) dnk eywzpy dn ayiil yi ile` ,ef `xaqle] .zrncne xcpk lg my `xw m` oda
my dhnl sl`ae d"q b"ixzq `"hnd k"yna ,mcia qxg elrde (cere .d"nq i"g i"gpn
epi`y oeik ,k"eia mb ok zeyrl xzene xcp enk l"ed k"dian ez`ivia t"b eici lehil bdepdc
χ¯˘È ¯Â‡ ‫רנב‬

ixyw cr wx lhepy l"iiwc dfn y"n 'e`kle .ebdpn zngn aeig zxeza wx beprzl oeekn
`zlin jdc `xwir` 'wd f"wq `"`a c"q b"ntae) dpwd cr lhep dpyd lkay s` ,eizerav`
edpi`e ,miwqetd c"r ok dyer dpwd cr lehil bdepdc ,l"ie .(beprz ly dvigx f"i` ixdc
`ly k"dian ez`ivia t"b lhepd la` ,eizerav` ixyw cr wx lhep k"eiac ixaq ediiteb
`lc 'n `teb `"hna mpn` .xcpk f"d xitye ,elyn `xnege xecid f"d miwqetd znizqk
n"ka ,`id `znil` `xaq 'e`kl ik m` ,mle` .[`"e`a 19 'rd onwl d`xe .ef `xaqk
dlawd mvr mzrclc ,l"ve .b"dk zexnega mb xcp oicl eygy gken (oldl 'fp) mipexg`a
.[xeqi`k mlaiwy giken (ok bedpl libxy e`) mlerl ok bedpl laiwy

:3 dxrdl
dpd ,xcpd hexit `ll ,exary mixcpd lk lhal ,d"xra mixcp zxzd xcq miyery dna
:xaca minrh dnk
xeqi` yygn z`vl ick epl xyt`y dn opicare ,xcpd hexit `la liren z"dnc (`
ixg`l 'iy dnklc s` ,(hrw 'r on`pd oeiv xney uaewa qnx`een ield w"ixd) `ziixe`c
.(eteqa jixv d"c a ,dl oihib q"zg 'ig .h"iq mixcp ipic a"n`) z"dn n"` minkg epwizy
c"dry iede "md miax ik" ,dligzkl wx `ed xcpd hexitc 'iyd lr mikneqy (a
g"kxq r"ey) ok l"iiw `lc s` ,(`"wq freaa e"t zexeka l`xyi zx`tz) `inc caricake
.(c"iq
yyg y"l ,"oze` xizdl oi`y mixcpd mze` lr dxzd" miywan oi`y mixne`y oeiky (b
z"eya a"g oifixf ixcp ± d"q b"t mixcp y"`xd t"r) hexit ila dxzd dlirene xeqi` ixcp
'hpewa `"fyxbd .ipdn caricay xyt`c mye .c"iq g"kxq c"ei `"ty .c"iwq g"kxq r"eyl
,(my) y"`xdl f"kc l"iy s` ,(b ,l zehn frel mrn hewlia mncw xake .bi 'rd xcp inly
cere .(l"pd on`pd oeiv xney uaew) ok l"iiw `lc l"i ixcp lk gqepa z"xk l"qc ocicl la`
,xcpd hxtl t"``y ote`a wx la` dligzkl mb e` ,(my `"ty) carica wx edfc `"ic
miwleg dnkc ,z`f cere .(a ,dq mixcp dyn ld`) "mhxetl t"``e md miax ik" d"xrak
zrc yxtn d`xpke .b"iwq c"kq c"ei wgvi oir z"ey) dliren dxzd oi` df ote`a mby l"qe
p"wa 'ir ,xeqi` ixcp xizdl ldwd zrc oi`e xeaiva xn`py ixcp lk iabl wx l"pd y"`xd
ick yecwd lila xdhil `ad `nzqnc g"q v zkxrn l`xyic `rx` 'qae .my y"`xl
.(devn ly xcp xizi `l i`ce [mixcp] ypern lvpidl
mixcp wx mixizn mixcp zxzdae ,(a ,bk mixcp c"ixez) hxtl v"` egkypy mixcpac (c
eceqie .cere .`w w"q `"twzq `"hnl obnd sl` .d"xra mixcp zxzd 'ld g"dxc) egkypy
r"ve .(l"pd xcp inly 'hpew) "md miax ik" 'it edf d`xpke ,(ixcp lk iabl f"iyq l"dya
zrk `l la` ,llka el mireciy dpeekdy ,wgeca l"ie ."il mirecid mze` od" epiptly gqepa
.dxzdd zrya
d"xrae ,(l"pd `"ty) carica dxzdd dliren hxti `ly mkgdl xne`yk `"iy (d
.mhxetl t"``y oeik `inc carick
`ll xizdle jenql xyt` dxzd 'v i` ol `wtqn iwetqc n"kac ,t"`ca siqedl yie (e
‫רנג‬ χ¯˘È È‚‰Ó

.wtqn wx mixizn d"xrae .(b"wq f"vxq c"ei f"pa` z"ey d`x) hexit
yi mbe .d"xra mixcp zxzd lr dligzkl jenql t"``y xexae heyt ,inrh oild lkne
xizdl `ly (f"q g"kxq c"ei `"nx) oibdepy s` ,`cixb dhxg i"r oixizn d"xrac ,xirdl
.l"iere d"c g"iq mixcp ipic dpia ixn`a dfa ayiil k"yn d`x) gzt `ll `cixb dhxg i"r
mb ,gqepd epiaiy 'vy jkl sqep edfe] .(f"hq mixcp 'ld `"pgna `"e`ae .l"pd oifixf ixcp
.[a"eik cere ,mixcp zxzd ipic erci oixizndy 've .oixiznd mbe ,xzipd
oi`y mlerd bdpn ayiil 'ky ,a"iwq `"pq c"ei (uieexed) `hef `gzt z"eya r"ve]
zxzd lr mikneqe ,dxzd jixvdl ,mlerl ok bedpl mihilgny s` zexnega k"k oiyyeg
dxenb 'gn dfa oi` `linne ,mgpzdl mc`d jxc onf xg`l lr dhlgday itl ,d"xrc mixcp
ile`e .w"rve .(dwcv ixcp oiprl 'it` ,dteqa 26 'rdl mi`elina onwl d`x) ynn zhlgene
mlerl bedpl ezrca ('eyzd okez t"r) my ixiin ixdc ,r"v f"be .`rcen zxiqnl dpeekd
mpn` .mipta onwlck ,`rcen zxiqn n"`c zeyixt ibdpnl rbepa l"iiw dfae ,t"nk ok ebdpe
zxiqnac xnel mewn ,zexneg x`ya `le ,(dl`yda my ixiin ikdac) cegl dwcvc icina
.ibq `rcen
liren dne ,ok bedpl ezrca 'idiy llka v"` t"b xak bdp m` ixdc ,eixaca r"v d"`lae
,mlerl zeyixta bedpl ezrca ,opaxcn ixdc ,eixaca r"lv cere .zhlgen 'gn el oi`y dn
xwir lke .28 'rd onwlc `"bnak ,lgi laa xaer ,ok bedpl ligzde ,ixnbl eala xnb `ly s`
.eala xnb meyn a"i`c ,oiicr ezbdpda ligzd `ly ote`a `l` y"l ezxaq
ik n"`y ,dgpn iptl xedxda ziprz zlaw oiprl h"wq a"qwzq g"e` f"hn x"dy dne
`xaq oirk ,mpn`e .n"k`e .miwqetd eilr ewlg dfa mbe) onf xg`l lr mgpzdl mc`d jxc
b"rv ± (eala xnbl zeprzdl ezrc oia wlgl my `"bnd 'ita `"iwq a"qwzq y"dgna d"k ,ef
yecige .f"g`l lr ayga n"`y ,ibq eala xnbc xcp beq lka f"hd ol liik `llkc xnel
meya ok `vnp `le ,ievne libxd xac ,zeyixt ibdpne ,dwcv ixcpl rbepa `aeh n"wtp ,dfky
oicn ,`wec dgpn zltza elawl reaw ezryy ,ziprz ixcpa wx i`w f"hdc xwir 'pe .mewn
ick ,ziprzl jenq dltza dxenb dlaw 've ,mixenb devn ixcpk epi`c meyn i`) mev eycw
ziprzdy ezltza ywaiy icka e` ,(` ,ai ziprz `"ahix) h"eiey zlaw enke ,raw zeyrl
d"`la ixde ,(a"eike ,(izni`n d"c l"daa a"qwzq a"pyna e`aed ,d"`xde leky`d) lawzz
,reaw ezry oi`y xcp mzqa mpn` .carica 'it` n"` dgpn mcew dta mb dlaw 'iy dnkl
devn xacl xcpac ,l"pd f"hd c"tl d"wq a"qwzq i"ereyia n"eye] .ipdn `l ef `xaqy heyt
xnb ipdn d"eyne ,mgpzdl `"pa jxc oi` (mzq zereaye mixcp k"`yn) `id daeh 'gny
.[devn ixcpa eala
.c"kez xg`l cr d`ln dnkqd oi`c (` ,ft mixcp ± `zklde d"c) o"xd 'cn xirdl ok
c"ed ,g"iq odkd aye z"ey d`x) miwqetd 'cn gkencke ,dfa 'gnl xeaic oia wlgl oi`e
d"c ` ,bp) dwcv 'ld r"eyl zedbda b"g dad`n daeyz z"ey .d"tq b"g m"yxdn z"eya
dxfg n"lc ocicl h"ewyc (`"iwq c"eig xteq azk z"ey .bl ze` f"kq h"cd ixwir .(my
ixcpn c"kez xefgl leki i` ,(my y"zta 'ire .g"wq d"pxq n"eg j"y) dwcv ixcpa c"kez
.'rnk oieed dwcv ixcpc ,cegl 'gn i"r ea xefgl i"`c l"x l"pd q"zkae) 'gnay dwcv
lky ,xac seq .ea xefgl i"`y i`ce ikd xzac ,o`kne ,(f"cr 189 'r h"ig y"ewln xirdle
χ¯˘È ¯Â‡ ‫רנד‬

.[izeekcle icicl b"rv eixac

:12 dxrdl
."p"la xn`iy" wx 'k (i"ka cenll reaw weg oiprl) b"q g"lxq g"e` y"dexray xirdle
.(`"e`a `"bna t"liy 29 'rdl mi`elina onwl d`xe) `"wq my `"bnd 'ln dfa dpiy la`
xirdle] .(my onwl d`x) zeyixt ibdpna `le ,devn xacl dlawa i`w inp mzd mpn`
mpn` .mipta onwlc yealak xagnd 'ca yxtl c"q c"ixq c"ei y"dexra r"ed k"ynn
dvxi `l zxg` dpya m`ye ,p"la `diy eala xenbi e` xn`i" ediieexz 'k i"q `"twzqa
.["'ek zeprzdl
xcp mey ila" xnel mbdpn c"r ,e"h 'rd g"qwq a"g c"ei xvewnd r"eya k"ynn xirdle
ilae xcp mey ila" :exn` dfd 'lae ,micxtqd i"ag`n k"ek lv` izi`x a"eike) "'gn mey ilae
bdpndc xird ('rdd miptay) l`ype l`ey z"eya mpn` .h"dn dl yxtne ,("dlaw mey
'ne ,f"r mixidfny mipexg`de xqend ilra 'cn p"ke .cal xcp `la xac lk lr xnel heyt
edi`e) mlerl bedpl ezrca oi`y xnel 'v dligzkl wxc 'ky y"iire .ibq cal dfc ehwpc
xqend ilra exidfd `ly dn ,r"vr eixacle .(d`ad 'rdake ,mipta onwlc yeald 'iya lif`
ixd mlerl r"r lawny zeyixt ibdpnac ,zehyta p"le .t"kr dligzkl ,mdipy xnel
lr my oi`y xaca i`w edpi`e ,f"r xidfdle siqedl xqend ilra ekxved `le ,r"eya yxetn
xqend ilrac ,xn`i e` .'rdd mipta lirlck ,cala p"la zxin` ipdn dfae ,t"b mibdepy ,al
d`xpk ,devn jxq a"i `ny yegl yiy zeyxd ixaca ,efn dxizie ,devn xacl dlawa ixii`
.29 'rdl mi`elina onwlck ,k"b cegl p"la zxin`a ibq dfae ,mdixacn
jxved `ly rnyn 'nbac (a ,aw oixcdpq) `"cigdl oird zi`xna k"ynl oiiv` ab`e]
`xwirnc :mdne ,mipte` dnka y"iir ,mikln 'ba yexcl `ly eda` 'x laiwy dna dxzdl
bdep 'idy e` ,[11 'rda d`x] dxzd jixv didi `l xac dfi` lawi m`c miptl z`f dpzd jk
m`de ,a"i xcp xcb dfi` a"v ,`hdix metle .xcp ila cinz xnel xac dfi` eilr lawnyk
xaca mpewa `icdl xcp zn`ay e` ,mlerl ok bedpl ezrca 'idy zeyixt bdpn 'wpc l"t`
oeike ,dreaye xcp zlawa 'idy (i` d"c c"kq c"ei) cec l`yp z"eyn xirdle .ynn a"i`y
.[edexizd devn xacl xcp d"ly
zvw 'n r"eya 'ld iepiync ,('rdd mipta l"pd) c"ixq r"eyd 'la xirdl mewnd o`ke
oicn ip`y t"b bdpa dxzdd xcbc (edencwy mipey`xa `vnpy itk 'ld wizrdy l"iy s`)
`"t bdpa k"`yn ,el exiziy 'vy wx 'k t"b bdpac .mlerl bedpl ezrce `"t bdpa dxzd
dkldl ,letltd c"re .ira `nrhe .xcp myl bdpy dhxga gztiy siqed mlerl bedpl ezrce
ote` zellka (c"iq c"ixq) y"dexrd ziiyew mcwdae ,zvw wgeca l"t` ,dyrnl `le
hxgziy y"l t"b bdpa ok`c ,l"ie .hxgzn dn lre llk xcp `l zn`a ixdy ,dfa dhxgd
bedpl llk ezrca 'id `ly ,efn dxizie ,xcp myl bdp `l zn`a ixdy ,xcp myl bdpy lr
ila ebdpn r"r laiw `ly lr hxgzn mlerl bedpl ezrca k"`yn ,`nzqa ok bdpe `adl ok
dhxg n"` t"b ok bdpay xnel b"rve .t"b bdpa dxzdd ote` a"v f"tly ,`l`] .l"we .xcp
r"ey d`x) dxzd oiprl dey mdipicy dxen mlek mipexg`d znizq n"ne .[`wec gzt l"ve
.(cere .f"hq g"qzq f"dc`
‫רנה‬ χ¯˘È È‚‰Ó

:14 dxrdl
`edc l"i ile`e .xcp oicn `le ,r"vn ezaiign dlawdy `zlin jdc xcbe ceqia r"ve
dpyna yxetnk) dxezl biiq zeyrl `"e`k cia zn`ay ,izxnynl zxnyn eyrc xcba
opaxc ixeqi` x`yak miaxd z` aiign f"i`y `l` ,opaxc xeqi` c"r ,(`"n `"t zea`
,miaxd zlawe xeaiv inxg :xacl `nbece .l`xyi lk mdilr enikqde lecbd c"ia epwizy
z"ey) zexifb xefbl ldwd gkn `"k ,(dq 'iq o"xd z"eya y"nk) dreaye xcp xeza wx f"i`y
zxnyn eyrc oicn xeaivd gka `edy ,`zlin xcbinl `edyk hxtae ,(c"q d llk y"`xd
g"kxq c"ei r"ey) mxga r"r xeq`l leki cigid mb ixde .(a"nwq g"kxq c"ei f"h) izxnynl
.c"iwq `"ewa `"q dhigy 'ld f"dc` r"ey) c"ia enk r"r mc` lke ,(f"hwq my j"yae g"q
lka oi`y enk ,siqez la meyn a"i`e] .(28 'rdl mi`elina oiiev ± `"wna dfn epkx`de
'qa i"zkn mlype ,zvw my xqge ,e"yq c"ei z"ey) f"pa`d k"ynn xirdl la` .opaxc ixeqi`
b"g daeyz zexxerzd z"ey mb d`x) mixcpa siqez la oi`y dna (cr 'r `"g `ycd ze`p
i"av zx`tz z"eya epixack n"ey .[dl`y i"r xzid el yiy oeik ,(c"q `"g zeycga .e"qq
.izpeeiky jexae .a"wq h"iq dcp 'ld a"g

mb bdepe ,lecbd c"ial v"` opaxc zepwzay (cid 'q zncwda) m"anxd zrcl wzneie]
zepexkfd 'qa 'ire .`xnbd inkg t"r bedpl oitek h"dne ,l`xyi lk znkqd i"r f"dfa
.[110 'r h"kg y"ewl d`xe .`"q ` oexkf adea` y"xdnl

,xcp oicn 'iytp` `iey xcba (`w iq y"iire w iq a"g r"d` z"ey) q"zgd k"ynn xirdle
xacd qipkdl zleki el yiy `l` lrad zxtd i"r e` dylya xzid el yiy xcp oirk epi`c"
el oi`y ezrc lre mewnd c"r l`xyi z` d"rxn riaydy dxezd zixa zezixk llka df
`iey oicn `edy aeh bdpn xcba 28 'rdl mi`elina onwl eplv` 'zpdl wzneie ."xzid
.'iytp`

xcepa `dc ,dxzd n"l biiql 'rpd xcpy df oica dnzy dn l"pd xbii` y"x z"eya d`xe]
icin eh` ,mlerl xeq` 'idi `"k excpl xzid 'idi `ly xcpy drya `icdl yxit eli` mb
,mixcp iiepika ,a"g oifixf ixcpa 'wd f"cre) mkg i"r xzid el yi n"n `lde ,exaca yi `yyn
ixcpae) .dlawd seb cvn `l` ,llk xcp oicn f"i` epixacl ,mpn` .(i"q c"ixq c"eil z"eya
xnebd lky itl ,dl`ya epi`y oeyny zexifpn gken df oicc ,ekxc itl yxtl 'k oifixf
dqtzd `idy) efky dqtzd sicre ,dxzd el oi` dxzd el oi`y `"ck f"c zeidl ezrca
f"d `xwc `nrhay s`e .dxzd 'idi `ly mzq xne`dn (lirez `ly cala dl`y oiprl
.[(f"lf miaexw mixacd oiprd seba n"n ,eplv` z"pynn zvw `"e`a

`nrh 'e`klc ,(16 'rd onwlc) dxzd n"l miieqn wqet zrck laiwc oicd xcb `ed f"cre
dfae" ,dlr miiqy l"pd q"zgd z"eya n"ke .r"vn ezaiign `teb dlawdc l"i l"pdle ,ira
z"eya d`xe] .dxzd n"l xingnd zrck laiwc jd epiide ,"f"wq `"pwzq `"bnd 'c epaei
`l` .dxzd n"` biiql 'rpd xcpay l"pd `"ayxd 'iyl f"c deydy (l"pd 'rday) m"cyxdn
xeqi`k iedc xeqi` mda ebdpe ixnbl mixzend mixaca `l` t"l k"rc" ,ecen r"ek dfac 'ky
`l, mixqe`d 'ck ebdp `"wnae ,minkgd oia 'elgn a"iy xaca la` ,xcp enk ied k"re ycg
eze` zrcl 'id cnere xeq` df xeqi` ixdy ,xcp enk d`xp `diyl ycg xeqi` mdilr elaw
χ¯˘È ¯Â‡ ‫רנו‬

.[l"pk `ed 'e`kle ."mkg

mb l"ic ,"daeg ediilr edpieey"c r"dtqa miypl rbepa `"wq `"tzq `"bnd 'ln xirdle
.n"k`e .31 'rdl mi`elina onwl dfa d`x ± l"pke ,xcp oicn f"i`y dfa

:20 dxrdl
xak ligzdyk e` ,`"t lltzdy in oke) `pci`d ziaxr zltzc `d xcba h"ewye
dl`y wnrd d`x ± daegk edpieey (`"n `"t zekxa v"vd 'iga 'iyd mekiq d`x ± lltzdl
d`x) mipexg` dnk dpde .cere .e"d `"t dltz edinxi ixac d`xe .`"wq g `zli`y jl 't
zehnyd c"ldz .`"wq e"tq `"g a` zia z"ey .drh d"cezl ` ,ek zekxa dnelrz cibn mb
'iytpcn 'k eixac lkke .a ,ft `nei q"zg 'iga d"ke .cere .e"wq e"q mely zxnyn .f"wql
mzxaq d`xpke .xcp oicn `edy oecl eazk (`a d"c `"d c"t zekxa 'exil sqei zpen`a
.ev 'r `"g v"vdl f"da d`x ± zvw) q"eqc ,`id zeyxc ocicl mb devn ixcp xcb dfa jiiyc
,r"ve .drh d"c ` ,ek zekxa 'qezd 'ck ,mpga dlhal oi`e `id devn (l"pd v"vd 'iga d"ke
i`c ,edpip i`xzq ilin jpdc d`xi (my v"vd 'iga d`x) df oipra mipey`xd 'iya oiirndc
ixnegk l"qc s"ixd 'cl f"c okziy s`e .daegk edelaiwy xnel oi` aey ,`id devnc opihwp
oi`y i`ce 'icicly ,`id dxenb zeyxc c"nl daegk ederawc jd zxaqda a"v izk` ,mdipy
'iyd itl xcp xcb xnel y"l 'e`kl ,d"`lae .il dnl `zbelt iyet`e ,xcp oica `edy xnel
ligzda e` ,(mlerl ok bedpl ezrca 'id `lc s`) zelil x`ya `"t lltzdyk `wecc
.daeg l"ed ,lltzdl
oicn `le ,c"n cgk laiwy mrhn `edy 'n 31 'rdl mi`elina onqpd n"cd 'cn ,mpn`
gken oke .'rdd miptay izltd zernynke .h"tzq g"e` oeyny zexifpa eixac 'ity itke .xcp
(`zil epiptle .h"qwq zekxa o"a`xae .evw 'iqeq d"ia`xa `aed) ziprz `xza wxt 'yexin
`xnb` bilt `lc mye .y"eri) "'eke daeg ziaxr zltz xn`y b"xk dkld ecinrd meia ea"y
ecinrd ,`id zeyxc dkld oicd xwirn zn`ay s`y 'p mixacd z`vxde oepbqne .(ocic
r"tzl eyr(e) `iyp `edy b"xc eceak meyn :my o"a`xae) daeg `idy b"x zrck dkld
.(iwvilac zxecdna ,xicdnd zexrda epiiev ,o"a`xd ifexga mb d`xe .daeg `id eli`k
dyecw zxin` xcrd ,ok mixaeqdl dltzl dle`b oia wqtd) mihxt dnka oiliwn n"ne]
'lae .zeyx dzeid cvn (a"eik cere ,(f"d b"t dltz m"anxl) i"eran lltzdle ,u"yd zxfge
'ln xirdle] ."ocic 'nba opiwqtck zeyx r"tzc i"xk dkldy ricedl" (l"pd) mipey`xd
ze`xdl 'v (la`) .. daeg bdpn da bedpl l`xyi inkg enikqd :(bv 'r my f"daa) v"vd
.[ynn daeg 'iyrp `l la` daegk 'iieeyl `nlr bedp wx :l"pd eiyecigae .ynn daeg dpi`y
'idy enk dze` xi`ydl evx daeg derawyk k"g`c (` ,b zekxa) i"xz 'c epaei dfae
d"c a ,g zekxa (d"nxl qgeind) zeicxtq 'qeza d`xe .daeg deraw ikdc `zrc`e
`aeigc ipic edlka daeg dl opieync oeik"c (a-` oeilb bi dpy 'ixena i"zkn qtcp) `xazqne
`l [epipir e`xi iweqt] edpixninl `lc i`xza bedpc igqp ipd oiprl [n"ne] .. dl opieyn
`l l"pdn dnke ."zeyx dzid dzlgzny itl" e"d i"t dltz n"qkd k"f d`xpke ."opilawn
.[f"ka h"ewyy mipexg`d dnk i"gz 'id
d`x) ef 'iyk elaiwy dpeekde ,ynn xcp `wec e`l ,xcp oicn mipexg`d k"yny l"ie
‫רנז‬ χ¯˘È È‚‰Ó

c"r `edy ,14 'rdl mi`elina d`xe .xcp xcba `ed xqe`d zrc zlaw q"zgdlc 15 'rda
'iyk laiwy envra d`xnc ,ok t"li daegk 'ieey lltzdl ligzday f"be] .(biiql 'rpd xcp
.[(a"vre .f"g`ly zelila ezlaw iabl gxkd dfa oi`y `l`) ef
dxzd n"lc (hk 'r d"g xdva 'cp) z"xc`d i"zka mpn` .dxzd n"lc dn y"` f"tle
n"ke .l`xyi llk zlaw `idy mrhn (xg` d"c `"q d"kq g"e`) i"y jxrae .yehz l` meyn
k"ynn ok n"l ,mpn` .bdpnd zepyl xeq`y (c"nl d"c a ,h zay) y"`xd 'qeza zvw
i"gpn z"eya d`xe .zeyxk l"ed oiicr laiw `ly v"nxad lilac g"wq b"pq g"e` i"reyid
.i"reyid 'cn xird `le ,f"iq i"g
`nzqe ,xcp zevn xcba e` dltz zevn xcba ded daeg derawy xg`l i` f"ka n"wtpe]
mbc e"d i"t dltz ield g"x 'iga mpn` .dltz zevn lehia lr xaer dlhandc 'n `zlinc
eli`kc e"d i"t dltz dpyn xcqa f"irke .dacp zltz zx`yp dltzd mvr daeg `idyk
.[wlgl yi lwae .i"ka dacp oaxw eilr laiw

:22 dxrdl
,i"wqe c"wq e"hq b"g i"gpn z"eya 'k dpdc ,oeird on dfa yi cer r"iahc c"ecpa dpde
t"``y mewna xg` mrhn xizdl yi n"n ,ezriiqe n"eyd zrck dxzd el oi`y `nip i` mbc
epiidc] devn xac lr lg epi` 'ita mpewa eilr laiw `ly oeik devn xacl dlawac ,dliaha
r"wzqe g"izq g"e`ae a"q e"hxq c"eia) x`eank ,[dper zevn lehia e` dltze y"w lehia
f"ce ,'` wqet zrck laiwy mrhn `id ,ok mixaeqdl ,dxzd el oi`y df ixdc ,r"ve .(`"q
k"``) devn mewna lg epi`y gxkdd edne ,dxez ixeqi`k elaiwy `"k ,llk xcp oicn epi`
mewna lg `le ,xcp zxezn `ticr `l ,dxzd n"l '` wqet zrck laiwy f"cc wgeca xn`p
i"gpn z"ey mb d`xe) biiql 'rpd xcp mrhn `edy n"eyd zrca 'ity eixacn xexa 'pe .(devn
.(itk dpde d"c g"rq g"g
`"twzq `"bn .my n"ebc .a"wq c"ixq j"y) mipexg`d ewgcp recn eixaclc ,a"v mb]
a"da ziprz zeprzdl `ly (a"q `"twzq my .a"q g"qwzq g"e` `"nx) xzidda (a"iwq
'k `le ,mipey mipte`a elrde ,df oebka zeprzdl ebdp `ly oeik ,n"ixa zcerqa z"iyre
devnc `zrc`c f"cr 'k e"q g"qwzq y"dexrae) n"ixa zcerqc devn xac` lg `lc 'iyta
h"dn 'k `"iwq z"ecdn iy zxeyz z"eya ok`e .(29 'rd onwlc dcy inexn d`xe .ebdp `l
z"eyn d`xe) devn mewna mb lge xcpa mdilr elaiw eli`k ied zeprzdl ebdpac t"`ca
'la `icdl eilr laiwa 'it` ixiin mzdc l"pd aeyia l"i wgecae .(a"wq a"lq a"g b"yxdn
.[(`"iwq g"qwzq `"bna y"iir) ilr ixd
meyn a"iy mewna xg` mrhn dxzd v"` 'e`kl ,xcp oica mbc ,ircenl ep` oikixv oiicre
ealay mixac iede ,ezlitz lhaiy eilr laiw `l ikdc `zrc` ixdc ,'ecke dltz lehia
.(l"pd `"bna d`x) n"ka epivn a"eike) .ezlitz lhal n"r excpa ezpeek oi`y mc` lk alae
g"driwyn zay lawl ebdpy s`c (azk cer d"c) g"xtdl `yny iac 'hpewa :`nbecle
la` .dpnfa dlin zevnn lhal mipe`bd 'iy elaiw `l ikdc `zrc` n"n ,xcpk f"de ,jli`e
(dlin ea rxi`e cigi ziprz oiprl) h"nyq `"g (iwipel`yn i"xl) cec zia z"eyn xirdl
.(a"wq d"txzq z"ry d`xe .cigi (ziprz) bdpna ikdc `zrc` laiw `lc ef `xaq y"lc
χ¯˘È ¯Â‡ ‫רנח‬

c"wq f"pq g"e` aivi ixac z"ey d`x) `bdpnc `zrc` `"k eilr laiw `lc ,xg` oepbqae
cre fenza f"in xya lek`l `ly (xcp oeyla `ly) 'ita eilr laiwy inn rxb `le] .(eppiprl
.[(f"kwq `"pwzq `"bn) xcep `bdpnc `zrc` xcepd lky itl ,zaya xzenc ,a"z
dper zevnn f"cre dltze y"wn elhal epiide ,xeq`d z` xizdl bdpn y"lc ,cere z`f
mewna df y"l ,xcpk `ed bdpndy s`e .(z"`eya `"k xaer epi`y `kd ip`yc xn`p k"``)
ibdpna e"vzq g"e` g"xt) miwqetd y"nk ,xeqi` jxqc yyge devn cqtd bdpndn `veiy
mewna ziprz oiprl dnec f"i`e .(b"q f"hg xfril` uiv z"ey mb d`xe .cere .e"hq xeqi`
onqpdae .n"ixa zcerq xcba b"lwq `"pwzq z"ry d`xe] inrh dnkn ,n"ixa zcerq
.[edi `ly d"c a ,`l dcp q"nr dklda mipiievn mixrya
oeikc ,`"e`a a"qwzq i"ereyia k"ynn r"dli ,devn xac` lg `lc i"gpnd zxaq sebae
devn xacl dxizqa `ed excpy mewna k"`e ,devn eilr lawc mrhn `ed dlawd lkc
dlhae ,devn ixcp ded `lc giken f"d ,[mda zeprzdl xeq`y minia eziprz ixcp ini lgak]
z"eya 'k f"irke .dpde d"c c"kq (`w`xwn xvianc p"gxl) i"` ipibn 'qa k"ke .dlawd lk
.dpkq mewna i"`l zelrl xcepd oiprl (b ze` i 'iq `"wrx ipeilba d"g) zeycgd `"wrx
.eteqa g"kq a"g h"ixdn z"eya ynn ef `xaqk d`xe

:23 dxrdl
cr lehiy 'v ezhiyl ixdc ,daeg zxeza epi`y dpziy `"bnd 'ca a"v llkac ,micwdae
l"q my y"dgn 'itle ,`"nxd zrca `"wq a"qwqa eixaca yxetnke ,oicd xwirn dpwd
.`c oebka i`pzd liren dn k"`e ,xagnd zrca mb ok `"bndl
,mixacd miwiiecn dn o`k mbc ,enipir dpifgz xyi oiirndc ,mcwda ,l"p mixacd aeyiae
ezrcl m`zda 'ld zepyl edencwy miwqetd 'c zwzrda wiicn `"bndy recidl m`zdae
oke" i"ad k"ynl `"bnd hinyd c"ecpa dpdc .(n"kae .d"wq `"ew a"pxq f"dc` r"ey d`x)
,`xneg zxezn dlr opiz`w `l o`k 'iylc meyn `ede ,"r"r xingdl dvex mc`y c"ka
xingdl el oi` `iqdxtac 'k d"eyne ,`xneg jxca `edc l"qc (e"wq) f"hd k"`yn .z"iynke
dvex mc`y c"ka" i`w f"cc xnel xity jiiy okle ,y"iir ,(ciqtd `l lwindc 'ky cre)
.d"yiir ,f"hdk f"ka l"qc (g"q my) f"dc` r"eya mb `ed f"cre ."r"r xingdl
i"hpc miwqetdk l"iiw oicd xwirny 'iciclc ,`"e`a yxtl 'v `"bnd 'iyac gxken f"kne
mewna cigi` opiknqc ,`pixg` `nrhne ,c"drya `"k r"vn dfa lwdl xzid oi` ,dpwd cr
xirdle) xcpa ok eilr laiw m`a cigi zrck lwdl t"`` n"ny `l` .c"drya opaxca miax
opiz`w aex mrhn `l aexk dkld dwqtpy xg`l f"dfay dpde d"c a ,h dcpl q"zg 'ign
seb cvn `le `"wnn wtq clepa `l` c"drya lwdl y"le ,xcpa eplaiwy iptn `l` dlr
z"`eya zeyixtk d"d i"hpa `xnegc l"q d`xpke] .xcp xcb meyn a"i zn`ay l"qe ,(oiprd
'ql zexrda k"dryd 'cn mb 'p ,xcp oicn a"ic ef `xaqke .rexfd cr i"hp ila lek`l `ly
recn ,miax mewna cigik c"drya miliwny n"ka ef `xaql ixdc ,r"vre .cere .mixcp zxzd
n"ey .(dxzd v"` i`xw`ay f"ptly 'rday n"ebcd 'iyl `l m`) dxzd 'vy xn`p `l
`kd ip`yc l"xe ,dfa cnry (milyexi oekn zxecdn r"eya) i"zkn oihwih `"xdn zedbda
.[`"e`a z"pyn 35 'rdl mi`elina d`xe .xcpk eilr dyrpe i"ka reaw xac dedc i"hpa
 ¡©± ™šŠ Šƒ…‘

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LWD CCD EQWD
LU [FSN HLOU

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GSZG FU LKS\ GODZG FU
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SH
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OZH HLOU GDHJ CGL CO\ LCS]G RWHC \[W]S P\F FL[TO RLLYQ GH\QH

,"‫ בעמח"ס "שערים מצויינים בהלכה‬,‫הרב שלמה זלמן ברוין ז"ל‬

,‫ הרב יוסף ישעי' ברוין שליט"א‬,‫מבקש ברכה מהרבי עבור נכדו‬
.‫ שימשיך לשגשג בלימוד‬- "‫אותו הוא מכנה "א גרויסע למדן‬
:‫תשובת הרבי‬

‫ס'איז דאך דא א כלל אז‬

"‫"קדושה אינה זזה ממקומה‬
.‫ובפרט קדושת התורה‬

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‫לארשי רוא‬.indd 2 8/30/2010 4:07:05 AM