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.. Dnyaneshvari or Bhavarthadipika Chapter 3 ..

  
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Encoded and proofread by


Chhaya Deo, Sharad Deo, and Vishwas Bhide.
Assisted by
Sunder Hattangadi, Ashwini Deo, and Shree Devi Kumar.
Please send corrections to sanskrit@cheerful.com
Last updated October 15, 2005

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