NUCLEAR MAGNETIC

RESONANCE
SPECTROSCOPY
-an ideal tool for Diagnosis &
Drug Design

B. HASEENA BANU
Asst.Professor,SriPadmavathi School
of Pharmacy,Tiruchanoor,Tirupati
 CONTENTS
 INTRODUCTION
 BASIC PRINCIPLE

 DIFFERENT TECHNIQUES

 APPLICATIONS OF NMR IN MEDICINE

 CLINICAL APPLICATIONS IN DIAGNOSIS

 DRUG DEVELOPMENT

 NMR Nobel prize laureates

 INTRODUCTION
 BASIC PRINCIPLE IN NMR
 Atomic nuclei – tiny magnets
 In external magnetic field - allign or oppose
 If irradiated with EMR of proper frequency –
Resonance
√ α βo
PARAMETERS
 Chemical shifts

 Spin lattice relaxation time

 DIFFERENT TECHNIQUES
 Based on nuclei
 H1 NMR
 C13 NMR
 F13 NMR & P31 NMR
 N15 NMR & O17 NMR

 CWNMR
 FTNMR

 2D_NMR &3D_NMR
 COSY _CORRELATION SPECTROSCOPY
 MRI_MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING
 ESR_ELECTRON SPIN RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY
 APPLICATIONS OF NMR
IN MEDICINE
 CLINICAL APPLICATION OF PROTON
IMAGING IN DIAGNOSIS
BRAIN
 Distinguishing gray matter & white matter
 Imaging posterior fossae, brain stem, spinal
cord
 Detect demyelinating lesions, tumors,
hemorrhages, infarctions
ABDOMEN
o Metabolic liver disease
o Measures liver iron over load in
hemochromatosis
o Focal areas of inflammation in chronic active
hepatisis
KIDNEYS
o Distinguishing renal cortex & medulla
o To evaluate transplanted kidney
PELVIS
o Differentiates between Benign prostatic
hyperplasia & prostatic carcinoma
o Detects bladder tumours
MEDIASTINUM, HILUM, LUNG
o Assessing abnormalities
o Respiratory gating

HEART
o Tomographic images of heart muscle,
chambers, valvular structures
o ECHO-PLANAR TECHNIQUE
o Discrimination between infarcted, ischemic &
normal myocardium

BREAST
o 3D-NMR & single-slice planar imaging in detecting
breast abnormalities
MUSCULO SKELETAL SYSTEM
 Demonstrates Osteo myelitis, tumor metastasis in
vertebral bodies & pelvic bones
 Images of muscles, tendons, ligaments

BLOOD VESSELS & FLOW

 Atherosclerotic vascular disease
 Assess blood flow in major vessels.

INVIVO SPECTROSCOPY
 Chemical shift phenomenon
 Diagnosis of rare disease to inborn errors-
Mc Ardle’s syndrome
 INVIVO Analysis of Bone flouride content.
 PUTTING NMR IMAGING
INTO PERSPECTIVE
 Eliminates risk of x-radiation

 Excellent spatial & contrast

resolution

 Detecting diseases at earlier stages

NMR IN PHARMACEUTICAL
RESEARCH
 Leading technology for 3-D structure
determination of bio-macromolecules
 Studying protein structure
 SAR by NMR – Novel lead compounds
 Chemical shift mapping – Structural information
on the binding modes and site positions
 Molecular dynamics, conformational analysis
 SHAPES
 NMR – SOLVE
Structural genomics
 Identifying gene products in disease
 Targets of drug design.

Development of Novel drug delivery

systems

Enhancing HTS assays

 Thousands of compounds
 Cryogenic NMR technology / cryoprobes
 NMR Nobel Prize Laureates
 The Nobel Prize in Physics 1943, Ohostern, USA –
Discovery of magnetic moment of proton
 The Nobel Prizein Physics 1952- IsidorJ. Rafi,USA –
Discovery of new methods for nuclear magnetic
precision
 The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1991 – Felix Bloch,
USA and Edward M. Purcell, USA – Methodology of
high resolution NMR.
 The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2002 – Kurt Wuthrich,
Switzerland – Determining 3-D Structure by NMR.
 The Nobel Prize in Medicine 2003 – Paul C.
Lauterbur, USA and Peter Mans field, U.K. –
Discoveries concerning MRI.
THANKING YOU
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