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Ir Report - 4
Ir Report - 4
Track-two diplomacy
unofficial, informal interaction among members of
adversarial groups or citizens from different states
strives to exchange information, prepare public
opinion for compromise, and conflict resolution
strategies development
“citizen democracy”
TRACK-TWO DIPLOMACY:
Involves International Government Organizations
(INGOs)
environmental groups, human rights advocates,
churches & multinational corporations
advocate workshops to solve conflicts of adversarial
parties (arbitrated by third parties)
Track-two diplomatic act performed by an
individual
Egypt and Israel – news anchor (Cronkite)
interviewed the President of Egypt and Prime
Minister of Israel
Blending of track-two and track one diplomacy
Israel (which is a state) negotiating with Palestine
Liberation Organization (PLO) which is an ING
Roman Catholic Church – The Vatican has diplomatic
relations with over a hundred states
Knights of Malta –has diplomatic relations with more
than 40 states
Multinational Corporations
Allies in economic development (3rd World Countries)
Can offer funds, aid, technology etc.
Significant actor that can bargain and negotiate with
states
“Corporate Diplomacy” – INGOs provide
assistance to other states and act as
representatives
INGOs bring government representatives, economic
scholars, and business leaders in contact with each
other
Increase in participation of INGOs, private actors
etc. in diplomacy and international relations.
Importance of nonstate actors should remain in
perspective
State is still the primary actor
State still has the authority to make binding
decisions
Also known as conference diplomacy
Involves a meeting of several states to deal with
one or more shared problems
Problems like atomic waste disposal, pollution of
oceans, seabed resources and radio wavelengths
cannot be addressed by acting unilaterally
United Nations (UN)
Arab League Organization
African Unity
Organization of American States
INGOs often go to conferences with states
Earth Summit 1992 – hundreds of states and private
organizations attended to shape environmental norms
and goals proposed by states
The Law of the Sea Conference – articles offering
concern about the seas
The Law of the Sea Conference – brings up the
question of whether or not a majority of signatory
states can make a minority of non-signatory
states to do what they want
quasi-legislative step
Conclusion: Multilateral diplomacy allows all
concerned parties to meet together to solve their
problems and to be able to make agreements.
This helps in the formation of an International
Society among states and INGOs.
Regular use of Multilateral Diplomacy shows that
pursuit of state interests unilaterally in no longer
affordable to the world.