INTRODUCTION

INTRODUCTION

Transducers
Transducershave
haveaagreat
greatimpact
impactininthe
thefield
fieldof
of
technology
technology
We
Weare
arethe
theusers
usersof
oftransducers
transducerswithout
withoutknowing
knowingitit??!!
??!!

Have
Haveyou
youever
everthought
thoughthow
howthe
theauto
autoscreen
screenrotation
rotationinin
modern
modernmobile
mobiletakes
takesplace??
place??
How
Howthe
thewireless
wirelesscommunication
communicationhas
hasbeen
beenmade
mademore
more
effective??
effective??

Do
Doyou
youknow
knowhow
howproximity
proximityswitching,
switching,positioning,
positioning,speed
speed
detection,
detection, light sensing, sound sensing and currentsensing
light sensing, sound sensing and current sensing
applications
applicationswork??
work??
 The
Theseminar
seminaraim
aimto
todescribe
describe
Transducers
Transducersand
andto
tomake
makeaabrief
brief
classification
classification
 W
What
hatisisaaTRANSDUCER
TRANSDUCER??
??

AAtransducer
transducerisisaadevice,
device,usually
usuallyelectrical,
electrical,electronic,
electronic,electro-
electro-
mechanical,
mechanical,electromagnetic,
electromagnetic,photonic,
photonic,or
orphotovoltaic
photovoltaicthat
that
converts
convertsone
onetype
typeofofenergy
energyor
orphysical
physicalattribute
attributetotoanother
anotherfor
for
various
variouspurposes
purposesincluding
includingmeasurement
measurementor orinformation
informationtransfer.
transfer.

for
forexample,
example,pressure
pressuresensors
sensors
 TTheheterm
termtransducer
transducerisiscommonly
commonlyused
usedinintwo
twosenses;
senses;the
the
sensor,
sensor,used
usedto
todetect
detectaaparameter
parameterininoneoneform
formand
andreport
reportititinin
another
another(usually
(usuallyan
anelectrical
electricalor
ordigital
digitalsignal),
signal),and
andthe
theaudio
audio
loudspeaker,
loudspeaker,which
whichconverts
convertselectrical
electricalvoltage
voltagevariations
variations
representing
representingmusic
musicororspeech,
speech,totomechanical
mechanicalconeconevibration
vibrationand
and
hence
hencevibrates
vibratesair
airmolecules
moleculescreating
creatingsound.
sound.
M
Most
ostof
ofthe
thetransducers
transducerseither
eitherconvert
convertelectrical
electricalenergy
energyinto
into
mechanical
mechanicaldisplacement
displacementand/or
and/orconvert
convertsome
somenon
nonelectrical
electrical
physical
physicalquantity
quantity(such
(suchas
astemperature,
temperature,light,
light,force,
force,sound
soundetc.)
etc.)
to
toan
anelectrical
electricalsignal.
signal.

In
Inan
anelectronic
electronicinstrumentation
instrumentationsystem,
system,the
the
functions of a transducer (being the input device) are
functions of a transducer (being the input device) are
two-fold
two-fold

11. .To
Todetect
detector
orsense
sensethe
thepresence,
presence,magnitude
magnitudeand
andchanges
changesininphysical
physical
quantity
quantitybeing
beingmeasured,
measured,and
and

22. .To
Toprovide
provideaaproportional
proportionalelectrical
electricaloutput
outputsignal
signal
Classification
Classification of
of Transducers
Transducers

 Passive
Passivetransducers
transducers

 Self
Selfgenerating
generatingtransducers
transducers
 Passive
Passivetransducers
transducers

(A)
(A)Resistance
ResistanceVariation
Variationtype
type

(B)
(B)Capacitance
CapacitanceVariation
Variationtype
type

(C)
(C)Inductance
InductanceVariation
VariationType
Type

(D)
(D)Voltage
Voltageand
andCurrent
Currenttype
type
 PASSIVE TYPE
PASSIVE TYPE
(A)
(A)Resistance
ResistanceVariation
Variationtype
type

Resistance
Resistancestrain
strainGauge
Gauge
Resistance
ResistanceThermometer
Thermometer
Resistance
ResistanceHygrometer
Hygrometer
Hot
Hotwire
wiremeter
meter
Photo
Photoconductive
conductivecell
cell
Thermistor
Thermistor
Potentiometer
Potentiometertype
type
(B)
(B)Capacitance
CapacitanceVariation
Variationtype
type

Variable
VariableCapacitance
Capacitancepressure
pressuregauge.
gauge.
Dielectric
Dielectricgauge
gauge
Capacitor
Capacitormicrophone
microphone
(C)
(C)Inductance
InductanceVariation
VariationType
Type
Eddy
Eddycurrent
currentgauge
gauge
Variable
Variablereluctance
reluctancetype
type
Proximity
ProximityInductive
Inductivetype
type
Differential
DifferentialTransformer
Transformer
Magnetostriction
Magnetostrictiongauge
gauge
(D)
(D)Voltage
Voltageand
andCurrent
Currenttype
type

Photo-emissive
Photo-emissivecell
cell
Hall
Halleffect
effect
Ionization
IonizationChamber
Chamber
 SELF
SELFGENERATING
GENERATINGTYPE
TYPE

Photo-voltaic
Photo-voltaiccell
cell
Thermo-couple
Thermo-coupletypetypeor
orThermopile
Thermopiletype.
type.
Piezo-electric
Piezo-electrictype
type
Moving
MovingCoil
Coiltype
type

Vishnu
VishnuPrasad.K
Prasad.K (vishnukpsd.gmail.com)
(vishnukpsd.gmail.com)

Sachin.R.P
Sachin.R.P(rp_sachin@rocketmail.com)
(rp_sachin@rocketmail.com)

Rakesh.R.K
Rakesh.R.K(mailrakesh@gmail.com)
(mailrakesh@gmail.com)

Vaishak
Vaishak.Krishnan
.Krishnan(vaishak.krishnan@gmail.com)
(vaishak.krishnan@gmail.com)

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