CT & PT FAMILIARIZATIONS AND

SELECTION PROCESS
CURRENT TRANSFORMER (C.T.)

FAMILIARIZATIONS
• DIFFERENCE BETWEEN CONVENTIONAL
TRANSFORMER & C.T.
• EQUIVALENT CIRCUIT AND PHASOR DIAGRAM OF C.T.
• WHY C.T. CAN’T BE OPEN CIRCUITED WHILE PRIMARY
IS ENERGIZED
• C.T. ERROR’S
• C .T . RATIO
• ACCURACY LIMIT FACTOR (A.L.F)
• VOLTAGE DEVELOPED ACROSS CT SECONDARY
 CURRENT TRANSFORMER (C.T.)

• NUMBER OF CORES
• LIST OF PARAMETERS FOR C.T. SPECIFICATION
• OTHER APPLICATIONS
 DIFFERENCE BETWEEN CONVENTIONAL
TRANSFORMER AND C.T.
CONVENTIONAL TRANSFORMER CURRENT TRANSFORMER
• DRIVING FUNCTION- • DRIVING FUNCTION-
VOLTAGE CURRENT
• SECONDARY LOAD • C.T. PRIMARY CURRENT IS
IMPEDANCE DETERMINES THE DRIVING FORCE
SEC CURRENT • SECONDARY CURRENT
• CORRESPONDING PRIMARY FOLLOWS THE PRIMARY
CURRENT FLOWS CURRENT
• WHY C.T. CAN’T BE OPEN CIRCUITED WITH PRIMARY
ENERGIZED ?
• PRIM. AMPS x PRIM TURNS = SEC AMPS x SEC TURNS
(NEGLECTING EXCITING CURRENT)
• IF SEC IS OPEN, ONLY EXCITING CURRENT FLOWS THROUGH
C.T. PRIMARY
• HIGH FLUX PRODUCED IN C.T. CORE DUE TO ABSENCE ‘ BACK
AMP TURNS ’ IN C.T. SEC
• THIS RESULTS IN GREATLY INCREASED INDUCED VOLTAGE IN
THE C.T. SEC WINDING
• WHAT HAPPENS TO C.T. THEN?
 RATIO ERROR
• DIFFERENCE IN THE MAGNITUDE BETWEEN
PRIMARY CURRENT & SECONDARY CURRENT
REFLECTED ON THE PRIMARY.
• RATIO ERROR = (Kn x Is –Ip)/Ip x 100