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Tanya Kabore Week 9 FINAL

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http://medlibrary.org/medwiki/Psychology

University of Phoenix Health Psychology Committee Report Week 9 :

Final Project Tanya LaVonne Kabore 4/25/2010 The word psychology can
have many different meanings, depending on who you may ask, but
literally psychology is the study of the soul study of the mind.
“Psychology is an academic and applied discipline which involves the
scientific study of human or animal mental functions and behaviors. or
researcher in this field is called a psychologist. A psychologist is classified
as a social of behavioral scientist. Psychologists try to understand the role
of mental functions in and social also the underlying physiological and
neurological processes. Psychologists study such as cognition, attention,
motivation, personality, behavior, and interpersonal relationships.
Psychological knowledge is applied to various spheres of human activity,
including family, employment, and education. Also psychological
knowledge is applied to the treatment of mental health problems.
Psychology includes many sub – fields span areas as diverse as human
development, sports, industry, and law. Psychology incorporates
research from the sciences, sciences, and humanities.” (Sarafino, 2006).
The Health Psychology Committee a psychiatry comprised of five
specialists responsible for implementing psychological methods will
enable the treatment of the patients. Implementing these psychological
methods will insure that the patients will be treated completely, mentally
and physically, which will be essential to better the patient’s overall
health. Studies and research show that one of the top fears of both and
is the fear of hospitals.(Child Development Institute, 2008). The fears that
adults and children have of hospitals would be enough of a reason to
implement the use of psychological methods in the treatment of patients,
however it is not the only reason. We also have to take into consideration
the amount of stress that is associated with any type or form of an illness
of disease. “Stress not only effects behavior responses but also impairs
immune functioning, by changes in the body’s physical systems, the role
of psychology becomes even more evident in providing patient care.
(Sarafino, 2006). The patient experience a reduction in stress, will
ultimately enhance overall health of the patient, if we integrate
psychology into the health care of the patient. In my opinion, the results of
integrating psychology into the health care of the patient, will ultimately
result in shorter hospital stays and an increase in the patient’s compliance
with treatment plans. patients will be better with the necessary skills to
successfully and with a variety of illnesses and / or diseases that they
may have. Psychological methods are the only avenue from which
effective coping skills and coping strategies can be obtained. The
psychiatry division will include four psychologists and a pain
management specialist. The psychologist will comprise of a substance
abuse counselor, only psychologist, child psychologist adult
psychologist. Each of these specialists will work closely with the and
with other specialists in the division, to ensure the patient’ needs are
adequately addressed. In addition, the division will meet a regular basis
in order to discuss patient management and treatment plans and address
and assess the patient’s current progress. Patient interactions and
treatment plans will be developed using the positive psychology approach
the human strengths of self control will be main focus. “Because
individuals who have well developed skills and ability to control their
internal states are less likely to succumb to negative effects of stress. The
fostering of self control is essential to patient health.”(Bolt, 2004). Patients
will in treatment plans to strengthen self control, inducing increased
positivity towards their illness, or medical regimens. areas will be
target or thought patterns will be set. benefits of these goals will be
identified. possible obstacles will be with a plan for overcoming such
obstacles and patients will in monitoring their progress. The social
support network will be assessed and utilized as well. “Hope is a good
thing, maybe the best of things.”(Bolt, p.159). Hope is perhaps the most
powerful human Hope encourages optimism, and optimism has shown
to have effect on health. with high levels of optimism have been proven
to suffer less distress from major surgical procedures than those possessing
pessimistic attitudes. Optimism also aids in the patient’s behavior
following surgery as optimistic patients tend to achieve milestones at a
quicker pace than pessimistic patients by walking sooner or sitting up in
bed, which would merit to the idea that incorporating psychology patient
treatment regimens would shorten hospitalization periods. Individuals who
have hope are generally optimistic people who have a sense of control over
their lives and circumstances. (Bolt, 2004). The patient who feels involved
and has sense of control will respond to illness, and hospitalization more
than those who little hope. the division will put an additional
importance on strengthening the feelings of self control with the patient.
The substance abuse counselor will be responsible for the coordination of
the use of recovery programs for the substance abuse patient. In addition,
the substance abuse counselor will work with a social worker to ensure
after care plans are in place upon patient discharge. Those suffering from
addiction must receive intervention which addresses both their physical
dependence as well as psychological dependence. Withdrawal must be
approached carefully and on a case specific level to ensure the least
amount of physical discomfort and psychological distress. The substance
abuse counselor will develop a plan of initial detoxification for the client
which is case appropriate implementing various methods of treatment
including medical assistance when necessary. readiness for change will
be assessed prior to beginning treatment. The group sessions will enable
to patient to identify with other individual’s also in the recovery process
which can inspiration and hope to the patient. Individual therapy will aid
in the development of coping skills and reduce relapse potential by
reducing stress levels and increasing patient confidence. The substance
abuse counselor will develop a stress management plan involving
relaxation exercises and cognitive restructuring to aid the patient in his or
her ability to develop constructive and realistic thought patterns related to
his or her recovery. (Sarafino, 2006). The duties of the inpatient only
psychologist will include coordination of outpatient care for the recovering
addict, working with the chronic, terminal or acute patient to facilitate
effective coping skills and adjustment skills and providing patient
preparation training prior to medical procedures. Psychological preparation
for surgery will include special attention to developing a sense of patient
control over their experience. The psychologist will use age appropriate
methods of educating the patient about their procedure to reduce anxiety
levels. These methods may include audio, video recordings or books for
children. Coping skills for the inpatient will be developed through working
with the psychologists to identify strategies beneficial to the patient. These
strategies may include the implementation of distraction techniques,
strengthening relaxation techniques, imagery methods and biofeedback.
The psychologists will use an operant approach to treatment when
necessary. (Sarafino, 2006). The psychologist will also perform an initial
pain assessment of each patient and develop a recommendation for patient
pain management which will be forwarded to the pain management
specialist for cases involving chronic pain or which may be complicated
by aggravating circumstances such as a patient identified as a substance
abuser or who is in recovery. The child psychologist will have duties
which include collaboration with local schools to encourage the of
various health education programs for school aged children. These
programs would include nutritional education and exercise programs
which would promote healthy behavior. In addition, the psychologist
would work with the school to identify areas of special need for education.
The child psychologist will be responsible for working with the child to
reduce stress and anxiety levels during patient hospitalization. Particular
attention will be paid to avoid separation distress in the event of the parent
or guardians absence. The child psychologist will work with the patient
prior to hospitalization with the goal of educating the patient about their
upcoming hospitalization and / or procedures in the attempt to reduce
feelings of anxiousness. The psychologist will also tour the hospital with
the patient to familiarize the patient with the surroundings. (Sarafino,
2006). The psychologist will also be responsible for coordinating group
sessions in which children that are able to can interact with other children
on a regular basis in a community room designed for children. During
these group sessions the psychologist will be available to observe and
assess any noticeable behavioral or physical difficulties which may need
attention and will then consult with other members of the division to
address these needs. The child psychologist will visit with each child
regularly and work closely with the family, physicians, surgeons and other
division members to ensure minimal stress for the child during their illness
or procedure. The adult psychologist will be responsible for psychological
preparations for adults prior to medical procedures and surgery, diagnosis
of stress disorders, implementing any necessary stress-relief interventions
and working with the patient to enhance coping skills and promote
successful patient adjustment to chronic or terminal illness. The
psychologist will also work with any other divisions when necessary in the
attempt to provide optimal pain management, stress reduction and
emotional well-being of the patient. Should the patient require complex
pain management methods for their illness the adult psychologist will
make a recommendation to the pain management specialist. The
psychologist will work closely with the patient on an individual level as
well as providing services to family members who may need help in
dealing with a terminally or chronically ill loved one. In cases involving
terminal illness the psychologist will discuss hospice care, living will
arrangements and other legal issues regarding the care of the patient and
final stage preparations. Our final will utilize a psychologist trained in
patient pain management. By effectively reducing or eliminating pain in
the patient the patient will be more motivated to adhere to medical
regimens, will maintain an optimistic attitude and maintain a greater sense
of hope regarding their illness or recovery. (The Health Psychology
Network, 2008). In cases involving patients who require extensive pain
management for illness, or procedures which result in pain not easily
managed, chronic, or in the event the patient is a known substance abuser
or recovering addict where careful attention needs to be paid to the plan of
treating the patients pain this psychologist will be utilized to develop the
most beneficial method of treatment for the pain will often be treated
with pharmaceutical methods psychologists finds appropriate for the case.
In an effort to reduce the likelihood of dependence the psychologist will
examine all possible methods of pain treatment for ongoing relief.
Narcotic treatment plans will be closely monitored by the specialist and
when the patient will be switched to non narcotic methods involving the
NSAID drugs or over the counter pain relievers. the specialist will
recommend other pain relief and management methods including physical
therapy, relaxation training, cognitive and massage therapy while also
working on an individual level with the patient to enhance coping skills.
(The Health Psychology Network, 2008). In conclusion, the patient is an
unique individual, and while health care has been successful in treating
patient’s physical illnesses without the added benefit of psychology, it
does not mean that psychology is not needed. Psychology is very
important when considering an individuals health and treating the “whole”
patient. Each patient has their own thoughts and feelings that are related in
some way, shape or form to their health. To treat the “whole” patient we
must not ignore the emotional health. By incorporating psychology into
total health care we are assured of the fact that there will be a better
outcome for patients. Hope, sometimes the only thing we have to bring
us through darkness, is essential to patient’ attitude and behavior. (Bolt,
2004). References 1 .Bolt, M. (2004). Pursuing human strengths a
positive psychology guide. New York: Worth Publishers. .Child
Development Institute (2008). Helping your child deal with fears &
phobias. Retrieved 17, 2010, from http://www.cdipage.com/ .The Health
Psychology Network (2008). Pain management. Retrieved 17, 2010, from
http://www.healthpsychology.net/Pain_Management.htm .Recovery and
mental health (2008). Community Care, Issue 1737, 32-34. Retrieved 17,
2010, from EBSCOhost database. .Sarafino, E.P. (2006). Health
psychology biopsychosocial interactions (5th ed.). Hoboken, N.J.: John
Wiley & Sons