First period

 First 30 minutes after birth the infant is very alert, cries vigorously, may suck
his fist greedily, and appears very interested in his environment.
 For 6 to 8 hours after birth the newborn is in the first period of reactivity.
 At this time his eyes are usually open, suggesting that this is an excellent
opportunity for mother, father, and child to see each other.

Things to remember:

 The baby has a vigorous suck reflex, an opportune time to begin breast-
feeding.
 Physiologically the respiratory rate can be high as 80 breaths/minute, rales
may be heard,
 Heart rate may reach 180beats/minute,
 Bowel sounds are active,
 Mucous secretions are increased and temperature may decrease.

After this initial stage of alertness and activity the infant's responsiveness diminishes.
Heart and respiratory rates decrease, temperature continues to fall, mucous production
decreases, and urine or stool is usually not passed.

Sleep period.

 This second stage of the first reactive period generally lasts 2 to 4 hours.
 The infant is in a state of sleep and relative calm. Any attempt to stimulate him
usually elicits a minimal response.
 Due to the continued decrease in body temperature, it is best to avoid
undressing of bathing the infant during this time.

Second period
The second period of reactivity begins when the infant awakes from the deep sleep
following the first period.

 This second period of reactivity lasts about 4 to 6 hours and provides another
excellent opportunity for child and parents to interact

Things to remember:

 The infant is again alert and responsive,

 Heart and respiratory rates increase,
 Gag reflex is active,
 Gastric and respiratory secretions are increased, and
 Passage of meconium commonly occurs.

 Following this stage is a period of stabilization of physiologic systems and a

vacillating pattern of sleep and activity.
 Close observation is a must during this period