Introduction

Single Stage Reciprocating without Clearance:

Stage a - 1
 Suction Stroke. The inlet valve opens and the cylinder fills with air at Ambient
Pressure.
(1)

Stage 1 - b
 Compression Stroke. Both Valves are shut. The Pressure is raised from   to 
Stage 2 - b
 Delivery Stage. The Exhaust Valve opens. Air at   is delivered to the receiver at
Constant Pressure.
(2)

The Work Done during compression = 

The Work Done in the Compressor = 

(3)

(4)

Work Done In An Isothermal Compression

Work Done on Air
(5)

But
(6)

(7)

or
(8)

Work Done In An Adiabatic Compression

(9)

(10)

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Alternative Forms Of The Work Done Expression.
The Work Done is given by the following Expressions:
(12)

(13)

where N is the number of Cycles per Min

(14)

where W is the weight Handled per Min.

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A Comparison Of The Work Done With Different Indices Of Compression.

(17)

(18)
(19)

where R =Pressure Ratio
Points on the Graph;-
 2 Isothermal. n = 1
 2' Compression when 
 2''   - Adiabatic Reversible.
 2''' 
For Reciprocating Compressors:-:
The efficiency referred to is the Isothermal case since fairly successful cooling can
be achieved.
(20)

For Rotary Compressors::

The Cooling is very difficult and Ineces of less than   are never achieved. It is
therefore normal to compare the Performance with the Adiabatic reversible case.
(21)

The Overall Isothermal Efficiency Of The Plant:-

(22)

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The Cooling Of Compressors.

It is usually considered that the heat is given up during the Compression:-
For a Polytropic Compression.
(27)

For an Isothermal Compression.

(28)

Example 1:
An Air Compressor takes in Air at 14 psi and at 20 degrees C. It is compressed in
accord to the law   and delivers it to receiver at 140psi.
Find the Temperature at the end of the Compression and Calculate per pound of
Air, the Compressor Work input and the heat rejected during Compression.

(29)

(30)

(31)

(32)
Work input to Compressor per lb.
(33)

(34)

Heat Rejected during Compression.

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(37)

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