Magnetic Balance Test on Transformers

The Magnetic Balance test is conducted on

Transformers to identify inter turn faults and magnetic imbalance. 
The magnetic balance test is usually done on the star side of a
transformer.  A two phase supply 440V is applied across two phases,
say, 1U and 1V.  The phase W is kept open.  The voltage is then
measured
between U-V and U-W.  The sum of these two voltages should give
the applied voltage.  That is, 1U1W + 1V1W will be equal to 1U1V.

For instance, if the voltage applied is 440V between 1U1V, then the
voltages obtained can be

1U1V = 1U1W  + 1V1W

440V =  260V +  180V

The voltages obtained  in the secondary will also be proportional to

the voltages above.

This indicates that the transformer is magnetically balanced.  If

there is any inter-turn short circuit that may result in the sum of the
two voltages not being equal to the applied voltage.
The Magnetic balance test is only an indicative test for the
transformer. Its results are not absolute.  It needs to be used in
conjunction with other tests.