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Traffic
Traffic
CONTROLLER
VIKRAM BANERJEE sity is high. This controller allows the pe- of 8 seconds each. For the left- and right-
MRINAL KANTI MANDAL destrians to safely cross the road during turning traffic and pedestrians crossing
DR ANIRUDHA GHOSAL certain periods. from north to south, south to north, east
3. The controller uses digital logic, to west, and west to east, only green and
T
his automated traffic signal control- which can be easily implemented by us- red signals are used.
ler can be made by suitably pro- ing logic gates. Table I shows the simultaneous states
gramming a GAL device. (For GAL 4. The controller is a generalised one of the signals for all the traffic. Each row
programming you may refer to the con- and can be used for different roads with represents the status of a signal for 8
TABLE I
Simultaneous States of Signals for All the Traffic
X Y Z B-C/B-G B-E D-E/D-A D-G F-G/F-C F-A H-A/H-E HC WALK WALK
Lt/Rt St Lt/Rt St Lt/Rt St Lt/Rt St (N-S)/(S-N) (E-W)/(W-E)
0 0 0 R R R R G G R R R R
0 0 1 R G R R R G R R G R
0 1 0 R G R R R Y R R G R
0 1 1 G Y R R R R R R R R
1 0 0 R R R R R R G G R R
1 0 1 R R R G R R R G R G
1 1 0 R R R G R R R Y R G
1 1 1 R R G Y R R R R R R
struction project published on page 52 in slight modification. seconds. As can be observed from the
EFY’s September issue.) Its main features 5. The control can also be exercised table, the ratio of green, yellow, and red
are: manually when desired. signals is 16:8:40 (=2:1:5) for the straight
1. The controller assumes equal traffic The time period for which green, yel- moving traffic. For the turning traffic the
density on all the roads. low, and red traffic signals remain ‘on’ ratio of green and red signals is 8:56
2. In most automated traffic signals the (and then repeat) for the straight moving (=1:7), while for pedestrians crossing the
free left-turn condition is provided through- traffic is divided into eight units of 8 road the ratio of green and red signals is
out the entire signal period, which poses seconds (or multiples thereof) each. Fig. 16:48 (=2:6).
difficulties to the pedestrians in crossing 1 shows the flow of traffic in all permis- In Table II (as well as Table I) X, Y,
the road, especially when the traffic den- sible directions during the eight time units and Z are used as binary variables to
TRAFFIC.C