ARGUMENTS AGAINST

DISCRIMINATION

SUBMITTED BY:
NAGARAJ HG
 INTRODUCTION
 Today, many business have done the
affirmative actions, which can reduce the
effects of past discrimination.
 Workforce demographics for the next decade
make it absolutely clear that companies which
fails to do an excellent job of recruiting,
retaining, developing, and promoting the
women and minorities simply will be unable
to meet their staffing needs.
THREE ARGUMENTS AGAINST DISCRIMINATION

1) Utility

2) Rights, and

3) Justice.
 UTILITY
 The standard utilitarian arguments against racial and
sexual discrimination is based of society’s productivity
will be optimized to the extent that jobs are awarded on
the basis of competency ( or “merit’’)
 Discriminating among job applicants on the basis of
race, religion, sex or other characteristics unrelated to
job performance is necessarily inefficient and there fore
contrary to utilitarian principles
 RIGHTS
 Non-utilitarian arguments against racial and sexual
discrimination may take the approach that
discrimination is wrong because it violates a person’s
basic moral rights.
 Kantian theory, for example, holds that human beings
should be treated as ends and never used merely as
means. At a minimum, this principle means that each
individual has a moral right to be treated as a free
person equal to any other person and that all individuals
have a correlative moral duty to treat each individual as
a free and equal person.
 JUSTICE
 A second group of non-utilitarian arguments against
discriminations views it as a violation of the principles of
justices.
 For examples, John Rawls argued that among the principles of
justices that the enlightened parties to the “original position”
would choose for themselves is the principle of equal
opportunity: “Social and Economic inequalities are to be
arranged so that they are attached to offices and positions open
to all under conditions of fair equality of opportunity”.
 Discrimination violates this principle by arbitrarily closing-off to
minorities the more desirable offices and positions in an
institution, thereby not giving them an opportunity equal to that
of others.