Formulario Física Plan Común

1.Cinemática
a ⋅t2
x(t ) = x0 + V0 ⋅ t +
2
V (t ) = V0 + a ⋅ t
V f2 − Vi 2 = 2ad = 2a∆x

2.Dinámica
1º Ley de Newton: Inercia
M .R.U .
∑ F = 0 ⇒ V = cte ⇒ V = 0 (reposo)


2º Ley de Newton: Ley fundamental de la dinámica

∑F = m⋅a
3º Ley de Newton: Acción y Reacción
FAB = − FBA

Fuerzas Conocidas
Fre ≤ µ e N
Frc = µ c N
Fe = − K ⋅ ∆x

3.Torque

Τ = r×F
Τ = r ⋅ F ⋅ sen(θ )

4.Momentum Lineal e Impulso

p = m ⋅V
I = F ⋅ t = ∆ p = m ⋅ ∆V
Choques ⇒ ∑ pi = ∑ p f (sistema)

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5.Trabajo y Energía
W = F • d = F ⋅ d ⋅ cos(θ )
W
P= = F •V
t
EM = EP + EK
E Pg = mgh
1
E Pe =
2
K ⋅ ∆x 2 ( )
1
EK = m ⋅V 2
2
∆E M = WFNC

6.Ondas
λ
V = f ⋅λ =
T
n 1
f = =
t T
T T ⋅L
V= =
ρ m
VS ± V R
f ' = f0 ⋅
VS m VM
 I 
dB = 10 ⋅ log 
 I0 
sen(θ1 ) sen(θ 2 )
=
V1 V2
TI DI
=
TO DO
do > 0
1 1 1 
= + ↔ di > 0 ⇔ imagen real
df do di df > 0 ⇔ lente convergente


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7.Electricidad

K ⋅Q ⋅q
F=
r2
Q
I=
t
V = R⋅I
R = R0 (1 + α (t − t 0 ))
ϕ⋅L
R=
A
PARALELO
SERIE
1 1 1 1
RT = R1 + R2 + R3 = + +
RT R1 R2 R3
I = I1 = I 2 = I 3
I = I1 + I 2 + I 3
V = Vº + V2 + V3
V = Vº = V2 = V3
2
V
P =V ⋅I = R⋅I2 =
R
E = P ⋅t

8.Magnetismo

µ0 ⋅ I
B= → conductor
2πr
µ0 ⋅ I
B= → espira
2r
µ ⋅N ⋅I
B= 0 → solenoide
L
µ ⋅N ⋅I
B= 0 → toroide
2πr
V1 N 1
=
V2 N 2

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9.Calor

TK = TC + 273
TC 5
=
TF − 32 9
(
L f = L0 1 + α ⋅ ∆T 0)
Sf = S (1 + 2α ⋅ ∆T )
0
0

Vf = V (1 + 3α ⋅ ∆T )
0
0

Q
C=
∆T
Q
cp = ⇒ Q = m ⋅ c p ⋅ ∆T
m ⋅ ∆T
Q ABS + QCED = 0
Q
L=
m

10. Constantes

Magnitud Valor Unidad

Aceleración de Gravedad 9,8 m

s2
Radio de la tierra 6400 Km

Distancia al sol 150 ⋅ 10 6 Km

Velocidad del sonido 340 m

s
Velocidad de la luz 3 ⋅ 10 8 m
s
−11 N ⋅ m2
Constante de Gravedad Universal 6,67 ⋅10
Kg 2
N ⋅ m2
Constante Eléctrica 9 ⋅ 10 9
Cb 2
Carga del Electrón − 1,6 ⋅ 10 −19 Cb

Calor específico del agua 1

cal
g⋅0 C

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