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Radio Act 2
Radio Act 2
7,ت ا:
-ا
@Oظ
د ا
ت ا:
'D
186 = A+0
A=186.
-ا
@Oظ ا Oا:7
H"A
Z=76-1
Z=75
إذن
3د اO0ل اوي
ة ام :,*>( 186
186
75 Re→186
76 Os + −1 e
0
(
O( S( -1-4ر
3 Tة ه!ا ا
واء و S0 Sا2آ
@0ء
D
Hرة %إJ a0 )V
Gن
ط Z0
<3ا.a(t)=a0e-λt :53X
:
-2-4
m0 .N A
a0 = λN 0 = λ (186
)75 Re
M (186
)75 Re
إذن:
186
)a0 M ( Re
= m0 75
λ (186
75 Re) N A
ت ع:
37.108.186
= m0 −6 23
= 5,21.10 −7 g
2,2.10 .6,0.10
m0 = 5,21.10 −7 g
-3-4
:
t=3,7jours
و
3 PB S#ت ا 50أن 3,7joursه ا>]
ة اHم .186
إذن
د ى اHم 186ا
%*0ه! ا =O#ه >] ى اHم t=0
186
N0
= N1
2
و
*0
Hر ا^
W a=Nλ :Fأن:
a0
= a1
2
:ت ع
3700
a1 = = 1850 MBq
2
a=λN :
H <
د اى ا'دة3 P1
0
أن
طH -4-4
:
0
H و
a1 = λN1
و
ath = λNth
:
رورة% ا53 3 =O
ذjRل ا#O اSW <3 P1
0 186 مHآ
أن
د ى ا
N1=C.Vf
Nth= C.Vth
:
W !اAو ه
a1 = λN1=λ. C.Vf
ath = λNth= =λ. C.Vth
:G# :>O S( 53 و
ath Vth
=
a1 V f
:إذن
ath
Vth = V f .
a1
:ت ع
70
Vth = 10. = 0,4mL
1850
:32 رN اO+ ي ل ي1 ورE – II
.(N=32-15=17) .
(و17 و(
وH 15 53 32 @ر1@ن اة اA0( -1
-2
32
15 P →1632S + −10e
E = ∆m.c 2 = m ( ( S ) + m( e) − m( P ))c
32
16
0
−1
32
15
2
:ت ع
(
E = 5,30803.10 −26
− 5,30763.10 −26
− 9,1.10 −31
).9.10
16
= 2,78.10 −13
J = 1,74MeV ≈ 1,7 MeV
.
ولW| ا
ة اE| F _
(اH
B
"# :>O اW0ا
.
رة+
ة
إ0 و'د اى اW0 * ا!يγ
عD ا53 53R3 6ن اA1 -3
:
D` اF
0
ن اF -4
-λt
N(t)=N0e
. >]
د ىI0@0 3 ا^ز3X ا
ة اt1/2 ]> اGB -5
N0
N1 / 2 = = N 0e − λ .t1 / 2
2
:
0
H و
λ .t1 / 2
2=e
ln 2 = λ .t1 / 2
ln 2
t1 / 2 =
λ
-6
ln 2
t1 / 2 =
λ
:ت ع
ln 2
t1 / 2 = −7
= 1,23.106 s = 14 jours
5,6.10
.
ولW ا>] ا
ة اF _ (ا%و ه! ا
:5Lا ا
γ < إ
ع3) β أوβ أوα %F د$
H
ة03 اة0
*7
%#( I0@0( ة%0B3 f ااة ا اة-1
– +
.(
رة+
ة
إ0 ااة اI
إذا آ
-2
86 Rn → 84 Po + 2 He
222 218 4
; α
Dا
ط ا
84 Po → 82 Pb + 2 He
218 214 4
; α
Dا
ط ا
82 Pb → 83 Bi + −1 e ;
214 214 0
; β–
Dا
ط ا
-3
214
83 Bi → 214
84 Po + −1 e
0
(
E = ∆m.c 2 = m( −01 e) + m ( 214
84 Po ) − m( 214
83 Bi )).c 2
:ت ع
( −4
E = 5,49.10 + 213,995176 − 213,998691 .1,6605402.10 .9.10 = −4,43.10 ) −27 16 −13
J = −2,77 MeV
E = −2,77 MeV
-5
:
-1-5
ln 2
λ=
t1 / 2
:ت ع
ln 2
λ= = 2,1.10 −6 s −1
3,8.3600.24
:
-2-5
m0 .N A
a0 = λ .N 0 = λ .
(
M 222 Rn )
:)3و
m0 =
a.M ( 222
Rn )
λN A
:ت ع
6000.222
m0 = −6 23
= 1,05.10 −12 g
2,1.10 .6,02.10
m0 = 1,05.10 −12 g
:
-3-5
− λ .t
a (t ) = a0 .e
a (t )
= .e −λ .t
a0
a(t )
− λ.t = ln
0 a
a (t ) a
ln ln 0
a
t= 0 =
a (t )
−λ λ
:ت ع
6000
ln
t=
400
−6
= 1,29.106 s = 14,9 jours
2,1.10
t = 14,9 jours