Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA)

• Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) is a paradigm for the realisation

(creation, execution and evolution) of business processes in distributed
systems. It represents an architectural model that aims to enhance the
agility and cost-effectiveness of an enterprise.

•The key technical concepts of SOA include:

• Services
- Web services using SOAP or REST
• Interoperability
- Business functions/services spread over multiple distributed
systems through an Enterprise Service Bus (ESB)
• Loose coupling
- Flexibility, scalability and fault tolerance
Characteristics of SOA
 SOAP-based Web Service in SOA
- An early incarnation

•WSDL (Web Service Description

Language) described the service

•SOAP (Simple Object Access

Protocol ) provided the
messaging format used by the
service and its requestor

•UDDI (Universal Description,

Discovery and Integration)
provided the standardized
service registry format
 Restful Web Service in SOA
-Lightweight SOA
•REST (Representational State Transfer)
is based on
- HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol)
- URI (Uniform Resource Identifier)
- XML (Extensible Markup Language)

•REST is lightweight comparing to SOAP

•Presented as WADL (Web Application

Description Language) rather than WSDL

•CRUD operations (Get, Retrieve,

Update, and Delete)
 Contemporary SOA

• Contemporary SOA is formed based on XML and Web services

technology platforms. WSDL and SOAP have become core technologies
to define the fundamental communications framework for SOA.

•An instantiation of SOA realisation

• Enterprise Service Bus (ESB)
- Providing connectivity
- Data transformation
- Intelligent routing
- Dealing with security
- Dealing with reliability
- Service management
- Monitoring and logging

• ESB Layered architecture

 Communication in SOA

•Synchronous: blocked service call

•Asynchronous: multiple interactions

•Message exchange patterns for

service provider and consumer:
- Request/response
- Publish/subscribe
- Fire and forget
- Store and forward