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Shiva Abap Ddic
Shiva Abap Ddic
Ans: ABAP dictionary is the central information base for the developers. This manages all
definitions(metadata) required for different applications in SAP. ABAP dictionary is
completely integrated into ABAP development workbench. All other component of ABAP
development workbench can access the data definitions(meta data) stored in the data
dictionary.
Ans:
• Table fields: For table fields, field names and data types are defined.
• Foreign keys: Relationship between the table and the other tables are defined.
• Technical settings: Data class and size category defines that what type of table
to be created and how much space required.
• Indexes: Secondary indexes are created for a table for faster data selection.
• Field name can be of maximum 16 characters in a table and must start with a
letter.
• Key flag determines if a field should be the table key.
• Field type depicts the data type of the field in the ABAP dictionary.
• Field length denotes the number of valid places in the field.
• Decimal places Number of places after decimal point for float type value.
• Short text describes the business meaning of the field.
Also fields from other structures can be added to the table definition as include.
Q. How data Type, field Length and short Text of any field is assigned?
Ans: i. Data type, field length (and if necessary decimal places) short text can be directly
assigned to a field in the table definition.
ii. Data element can be assigned to a field so that data type, field length (and decimal
places) are automatically determined from the domain of the data element. The short
description of the data element is then assigned to the field as a short text.
Q. What are the assignment options to the field?
Ans: i. Direct assignment of data types, field length, short text to a field.
iii. An input check(check table) for a field can be defined with a foreign key.
v. Reference field or reference table must be specified for a table field that holds currency or
quantity type value.
E.g.: TAB1 contains the field PRICE which holds price values. Field UNIT contains currency
key for PRICE.
So,TAB1 is the reference table for field PRICE and UNIT is the reference field for field
PRICE.
Q. What’s table include?
Ans: In addition to listing the individual fields in a table or structure, fields from another
structure can be included as includes.
Ans: If an include is added to define a database table or database structure, a name can be
assigned to that included (included substructure). The group of fields of that include can be
addressed as a whole in ABAP application programs with a group name which is called as
named include.
E.g.:We can access field of a table/ structure in the ABAP application program in the
following manner:
Ans: Relationships between tables are defined in the ABAP dictionary by creating foreign
keys.
Ans: One field of the foreign key table corresponds to each key field of the check table. That
field of the is called as foreign key field.
Uses: A foreign key permits assigning data records in the foreign key table and check table.
One record of the foreign key table uniquely identifies a record of the check table (using the
value entries in the foreign key fields of the foreign key table).
Q. What’s check table?
Ans: Data class is that which allows the table to get automatically assigned under specific
tablespace/dbspace during table creation in the SAP database i.e. dataclass determines that
under which table space/dbspace the table will be stored.
i.Choose APPL0(master data) for data that is frequently accessed but rarely
updated/changed.
ii.Choose APPL1(transaction data) for data that is frequently changed.
iii.Choose APPL2(organizational data) for customizing data that is defined/entered
during system installation and rarely changed.
The other two types of data classes are:USR and USR1(for customer’s own development
purpose).
Ans: The Size category is used to defined the space requirement for the table in the
database.
Q. What’s buffering?
Q. How buffers are filled up?
Q. What are the different buffering types?
Q. What are the different buffering permissions?
Q. How database tables are buffered?
Q. What’s logging?
Q. How many tables are there in SAP?
Ans: The tables which create 1-to-1 correspondence between the table definition in the
ABAP data dictionary and the table definition in the physical database are called as
transparent tables in SAP.
Ans: Table pool is a table in the SAP database in which many pool tables are assigned.
Ans: Table cluster is a table in the SAP database in which many cluster tables are stored.
Q. What are clustered tables?
Ans: Table pool or table cluster is used to store SAP’s internal control information (screen
sequences, program parameters, temporary data, continuous texts such as documentation).
Ans: i. The table cluster RFBLG holds data for five transparent tables i.e. BSEC, BSED,
BSEG, BSES and BSET.
ii. Other examples of table clusters are CDCLS, CDHDR, RFBLG, DOKCLU, DOKTL .
Q. What are the differences between transparent and cluster/pool tables?
Ans: i. A transparent table has 1-to-1 cardinality between the table definition in the data
dictionary and in the table definition of sap database whereas cluster/pool tables have many-
to-1 cardinality between the table definition in the data dictionary and in the table definition of
sap database.
ii. Transparent tables are accessible both by Open and native SQL statements whereas
table pool/cluster tables are accessible only by open SQL but never by native SQL.
iii. Transparent tables can store table relevant data whereas table pool or cluster tables can
store only system data/ application data based on the transparent tables.
Q. What are tabs under the maintenance screen of the ABAP data dictionary screen?
Ans: i.Domain depicts the technical attributes of a field (its data type, field length, no. of
decimal places, appreance on the sreen) of a SAP database table. Whereas data element
denotes the semantic attributes(short description, label names) for a field.
ii.Data elements are directly attaced to the fields of SAP database tables and each data
element has an underlying domain within it. Whereas domains are not directly attached to
the fields and a single domain can be under many data elements.
iii.Within domain value range of a field can be described. Whereas within the data element
parameter id and search help for a particular field can be assigned.
Ans: Value table is maintained at domain level in SAP. During domain creation, value range
of the domain is defined by specifying value table. Suppose for a particular domain, its value
table holds the values ‘A’, ‘B’, ‘Z’. So whenever the domain will be used, system will allow to
use these values only.