ADDRESSING SCHEME

&

URL
 URL [ UNIFORM RESOURCE LOCATOR]

A Uniform Resource Locator (URL) is a Uniform

Resource Identifier (URI) that specifies where an
identified resource is available and the mechanism for
retrieving it.
The URL is set of 4 numbers separated by periods.
Eg: 72.14.207.99 [ Google IP address ]
URL is represented as a string that explains full
location of resource on the internet.
A specific website can be accessed by typing its URL
in the address bar of the browser.
Syntax of URL

scheme://domain:port/path/query_string#fragment_id

1. Scheme name [ Protocol ]

2. Domain name
3. Port number
4. Resource path
5. Query string [ for programs such as Common Gateway
Interface (CGI) scripts ]
6. fragment identifier ( Optional )
Scheme name [ Protocol ]

The scheme name defines the namespace, purpose,

and the syntax of the remaining part of the URL.
Browser will try to process a URL according to its
scheme and context.
For example http://example.org:80
Other examples of scheme names include https:,
gopher:, wais:, ftp:.
 Domain name
The domain name or IP address gives the destination
location for the URL.
The domain name portion of a URL is case-insensitive
Eg: WWW.GOOGLE.COM / www.google.com
Domain type
com: specifies commercial entities
net: highlights network
org: organizations
edu: colleges and universities
 gov: government organization
mil: military entities of USA

Local domains

in: India
cu: Cuba
uk: United Kingdom
cn: China
dk: Denmark
Port number

The port number is optional.

if omitted, the default for the scheme is used.
The default port for an http: request is 80.
The default port for an https: request is 443.
Path
The path is used to specify and find the resource
requested.
It is case-sensitive.
Eg: http://www.wondercliparts.com/birthday
/birthday_graphics_30.gif&imgrefur
Thank
u….
Query String

The query string contains data to be passed to

software running on the server. It may contain
name/value pairs separated by ampersands.
Eg: ?first_name=John&last_name=Doe.
Fragment Identifier

It specifies a part or a position within the overall

resource or document. When used with HTTP, it
usually specifies a section or location within the
page.