KECEMERLANGAN DAN KESEJAHTERAAN

CHAPTER 6:

ELECTROCHEMISTRY
Factors that affect the electrolysis of an aqueous
solution

a) Position of ions in the electrochemical series

b) Concentration of ions in the electrolytes

c) Types of electrodes used in the electrolysis

b) Concentration of ions in the electrolytes
During the electrolysis process;

Cl- and OH- Na+ and H+

Cathode:
Although ions Na+ are concentrated, ions H+ are
selected to discharged.

Half equation:

Anode:

Concentration of chloride ions Cl- prevent the hydroxide

ions, OH- from reaching the anode. So, ions Cl- selected
to be discharged at cathode.

Half equation:
c) Types of electrodes used in the electrolysis
During the electrolysis process;
Anode:
- Hydroxide ions, OH -
and SO 4
2-
move to anode
but none of these ions discharged.

- Copper electrode ionized:

Half equation: Cu (s)  Cu2+ (l) + 2e

- Then, Copper (II) ions, Cu2+ formed attracted to cathode

- The mass of anode decreases.

Cathode:

- Copper ions, Cu2+ and hydrogen ions, H+ move

to cathode.
- Copper ions Cu2+ are selected to be discharged at
cathode.

Half equation: Cu2+ (l) + 2e  Cu (s)

-The brown solid deposited at cathode and it mass

increases.
Question:

What happen to the intensity of blue colour of the

copper (II) sulphate solution? Why?

Answer:

The intensity of the blue colour of the solution does not

change because the Cu2+ ions that discharged at the
cathode is replace by the Cu2+ ions produced at the anode.