001 Aankhon Dekhi Sanch

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
thou dh [kst
esjs fiz; vk®eu]
eT lksprk Fk] D;k vkils dgwa` dk,u lh vkidh [kst g,` D;k thou eX vki pk
grs gT` [;ky vk;k] mlh laca/ eX Fks\Lh vkils ckr dWa rks mi;ksxh gksxk4
esjs ns[s] tks ge ikuk pkgrs gT ls Nks\Ldj vk,j ge lc ikus ds mik; djrs gT4
blfyS thou eX nq[ vk,j ih\Lk Gfyr gksrs gT4 tks o¬rqrA gekjh vkdka{k g,] t
ks gekjs cgqr xgjs izk<kX dh î;kl g,] mldks gh Hwydj vk,j ge lkjh phtX [kst
rs vk,j blhfyS thou Sd oapuk fl0 gks tkrk g,4 Je rks cgqr djrs gT] vk,j
ifj<ke dqN Hh miyç/ ugC gksrk4 nk,\Lrs cgqr gT] ysfdu dgC igqaprs >jus m
iyç/ ugC gksrs4 thou dk dksB Ûksr ugC feyrk g,4 ßlk fu‘Gy Je ls Hjk gq
vk gekjk thou g,4 bl ij gh Fks\Lk fopkj djX4 bl ij gh Fks\Lk fopkj eT vk
ils djuk pkgrk gwa4
D;k g, gekjh [kst` ;fn ge vius ij fopkj djXxs] ns[Xxs] vka[X [ksyXxs rks D;k
fn[kB i\Lsxk` D;k ge [kst jgs gT` 'k;n lkG gh geX vuqHo gks] ge yksx
lq[ dks [kst jgs gT4 vk,j yxsxk fd euq‘; dk izk< lq[ rks pkgrk g,3euq‘; dk
gh D;kX] vk,j lkjs i'qvkX dh vkdka{kSa lq[ dks ikus ds fyS gT] ßlk ge fopk
j djXxs4
gj dksB lq[ pkgrk g,] ysfdu eT vkils fuosnu djuk pkgrk gwa izFe gh] vk,j
fGj ml ij fo¬rkj ls le>kus dk iz;kl dWaxk4 lq[ dh [kst >wOh [kst g,4 o
¬rqrA ge lq[ ugC pkgrs gT] ge dqN vk,j pkgrs gT4 ge D;k pkgrs gT] og eT
vkils dgwaxk4 vk,j lq[ ge D;kX ugC pkgrs] og Hh eT vkils dgwaxk4 ysfdu vk
erk,j ls ßlk izrhr gksrk g, fd ge lHh yksx lq[ [kst jgs gT4 ;g lq[ dh [ks
t pkgs fdlh Wi eX izdI gks jgh gks3/u ds Wi eX] ;' ds Wi ex] in ds Wi
eX vk,j pkgs lq[ dh [kst tehu ij py jgh gks vk,j pkgs ¬oxZ dh d¥iukvkX
eX] ysfdu gekjk eu tkus7vutkus bl lq[ ds fyS ikxy g,4
D;k dHh ;g fopkj fd;k fd vkt rd tehu ij cgqr yksxkX us lq[ [kstk g,]
ysfdu fdlh us lq[ ik;k g,` D;k dHh ;g fopkj fd;k fd djks\L7djks\L] vjc
7vjc yksx ftl ckr dks [kst pwds gT vk,j vlGy gks xS] D;k eT mleX viokn
fl0 gks tkMaxk` vk,j D;k dkj< g, fd lq[ brus yksx [kstrs gT] ysfdu lq[
miyç/ ugC gksrk g,` t,ls gh fdlh lq[ dks ge ik ysrs gT] o,ls gh og ø;FZ gks
tkrk g, vk,j gekjh vkdka{k vkxs c\P tkrh g,4
ßlk D;kX gksrk g,` fdl dkj< ls ;g gksrk g,` D;k lq[ dk ¬oHko ßlk g, fd
ge mls ikS rks og ø;FZ gks tkS` ;k fd vlfy;r ;g g, fd lq[ dh [kst eX
ge fdlh vk,j [kst dks fNikS jgrs gT viuh vka[kX ls` lq[ dh nk,\L eX ge f
dlh vk,j ckr dks viuh vka[kX ls vks>y fdS jgrs gT4 dksB vk,j g, gekjh [kst
4 vk,j ge lq[ dh nk,\L eX ml [kst dks HqykS j[us dk mik; djrs gT4 t,ls gh
Page 1 of 123 http://www.oshoworld.com

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
lq[ fey tkrk g,] lq[ dh nk,\L can gks tkrh g,] o,ls gh Hhrj dk lq[ fGj fn
[k;h i\Lus yxrk g,4 fGj geX fdlh uS lq[ dh [kst 'qW djuh i\Lrh g, rkfd
lq[ dks fGj Hqyk;k tk lds4 tc rd lq[ feysxk ugC] nk,\L jgsxh4 eu my>k
jgsxk rks yxsxk fd lq[ feyus okyk g,4 t,ls lq[ feysxk] nk,\L can gksxh] eu
[kyh gksxk] Hhrj ds nq[ ds n'Zu fGj 'qW gks tkSaxs4 lq[ tc rd ikus dh ps
‘Ik pyrh g,] vkdka{k pyrh g,] bπNk pyrh g,] rc rd rks nq[ Hwyk jgrk g,
] vk,j t,ls gh lq[ feyk] nk,\L can gqB] eu [kyh gqvk] eu Fks\Lk dke ls foJk
e eX x;k vk,j Hhrj dk nq[ fGj fn[kB i\Lus yxrk g,4 fGj geX uS lq[ dh
[kst 'qW dj nsuh i\Lrh g,4 lq[ dh [kst †;knk ls †;knk nq[ dks Hqykus dk dk
e djrh g,] lq[ dh [kst †;knk ls †;knk Sd u's dk dke djrh g,] ysfdu d
gC igqapkrh ugC6 u dgC igqapk ldrh g,4 lq[ dh fdruh gh c\Lh [kst gks] Hhr
j dk nq[ u‘I ugC gks ldrk4 ;g vlaHo g,4 ;g bruk vlaxr g,] bu nksukX dk
dksB esy ugC g,4
eTus lquk g,] Sd eqlyeku ckn'kg Fk] Sd jkr vius igy eX lks;k gqvk Fk4
va/sjh jkr g,] vk/h jkr g,] OaL ds fnu gT] lnñ tksj ls g,4 mlus ns[k] mlds
Nîij ij dksB Mij py jgk g,4 iqjkus tekus ds edku Fs4 Nîij fgyus yxk4 m
lus iwNk] dk,u g, bl va/sjh jkr eX` vk/h jkr eX Nîij ds Mij dk,u g,` vk,j
jktk ds Hou ds Mij2 Mij ls vkokt vk;h] eT gwa Sd ukxfjd4 jktk us iwNk
] ukxfjd gks` vk,j Hou ds Mij Nîij ij D;k dj jgs gks` D;k rqe pksj gks
` mlus dgk fd ugC] pksj ugC gwa] cf¥d esjk MaI [ks x;k g,] mldks [kst jgk
gwa4 jktk us dgk] ikxy] MaI [ks tkS rks mls Hou ds NîijkX ij [kstk tkrk
g,` MaI dgC NîijkX ij [ksrk g,` ;k NîijkX ij [kstus ls fey tkSxk` Mij ls
vkokt vk;h fd eT rks vkidk gh vuqdj< dj jgk gwa4 vxj vki Vlgklu ij
c,Odj lksprs gT fd lq[ fey tkSxk] vxj vki lksprs gT fd /u feyus ls lq
[ fey tkSxk] vxj vki lksprs gT] jk†; miyç/ gks tkus ls izk<kX dh î;kl r1î
r tkSxh] vk,j vxj vki lgh gT rks fGj eT dk,u lh c\Lh Hwy dj jgk gwa` Nî
ij ij MaI Hh [ks;k gqvk fey ldrk g,4
jktk g,jku gqvk4 og vkneh ikxy ugC ekywe gksrk4 Hkxdj ckgj vk;k4 mlus
yksxkX dks dgk] id\Lks] Mij dksB g,4 og vkneh rks ugC feyk] cgqr [kstk4 N
îij ij rks ugC feyk] ysfdu nwljs fnu Sd vk,j ?Iuk ?Ih4 nwljs fnu jktk Hh
egy eX [kstus ls ugC feyk4 og Hh jkr gh pyk x;k4
Nîij ij MaI [kstus ls ugC feysxk4 Nîij ij MaI [ksrk Hh ugC g,4 ysfdu ge
lkjs yksx ogC [kst jgs gT4 ge [kst jgs gT lq[4 D;kX [kst jgs gT lq[` lq[
[kst jgs gT] rkfd nq[ feI tkS4 Sd vkneh chekj gks] ¬ok¬ƒ; dks [ksts3D;k
gksxk` D;k ¬ok¬ƒ; [kstk tkrk g,` og nk,\Lrk jgs nqfu;k eX vk,j ¬ok¬ƒ; dh [ks

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
t djrk jgs rks D;k gksxk` ¬ok¬ƒ; ugC [kstk tkrk4 chekjh feIk;h tkrh g,]
chekjh u‘I dh tkrh g,4
tks tkurs gT os lq[ dks ugC [kstrs] cf¥d nq[ dks feIkus dk dksB mik; djrs
gT4 nq[ feIk;k tk ldrk g,] lq[ ugC ik;k tk ldrk4 vk,j tks lq[ dks ikus eX
tkSxk og †;knk ls †;knk nq[ dks Hqykus eX leFZ gks ldrk g,4 Fks\Lh nsj ds f
yS fo¬ej< gks ldrk g,] Fks\Lh nsj ds fyS Hwy ldrk g,] ysfdu nq[ feIsxk u
gC4 nq[ dks feIkuk g, rks nq[ ds dkj< dks tkudj] dkj< dks u‘I djus ls nq
[ u‘I gks tkSxk vk,j tks nq[ dks u‘I dj nsrk g,] og tWj lq[ dks miyç/
gks tkrk g,4 vk,j tks lq[ dks [kstrk g,] og nq[ dks dHh ugC feIk ikrk4
eT vkils dgwa] ge lkjs yksx lq[ [kst jgs gT] ;g ok¬rfod ckr ugC g,] ok¬rf
od [kst ugC g,4 gekjh ok¬rfod [kst g, fd ge nq[ dks feIkuk pkgrs gT4 ysf
du ml ok¬rfod [kst dks Sd Hzkar ekxZ ls ge id\Lrs gT vk,j geX yxrk g, f
d ge lq[ dks ikuk pkgrs gT4 D;k eT vkidks ;kn fnykMa] nqfu;k eX nks gh rjg
ds yksx gksrs gT3Sd os yksx tks lq[ dks [kstrs gT] Sd os yksx tks nq[ dks fe
Ikus dks [kstrs gT4 vk,j ;g tehu7vkleku dk GdZ g, nksukX eX4 ;s 'çn Sd ls
ekywe gks ldrs gT4 Mij ls nq[us ij ßlk yxsxk] tks lq[ dks [kstrk g, og Hh
ogh [kst jgk g,] tks nq[ dks feIkus dks [kstrk g,] og Hh ogh [kst jgk g,4
ugC] fcydqy ugC4 tehu vk,j vkleku eX Hh bruk GdZ ugC g, ftruk bu nks
ckrkX eX GdZ g,4
tks lq[ dks [kstrk g,] og nq[ eX i\L tkrk g,4 vk,j tks nq[ dks feIkus dks [kst
rk g,] og lq[ dks miyç/ gksrk pyk tkrk g,4 D;k dkj< g,` D;kX ge bl rƒ
; dks ugC ns[rs fd gekjs Hhrj nq[ g,` vki D;kX lq[ dks [kst jgs gT` fufæp
r gh] tc vki lq[ dks [kst jgs gT] ;g bl ckr dk izek< g, vk,j lcwr g, fd
vki lq[h gT4 vxj dksB vkneh lq[h ugC g, rks lq[ dks D;k [kstsxk` vxj d
ksB vkneh fu/Zu ugC g, rks /u D;kX [kstksxs` blfyS tks vkneh ftruk †;knk
/u [kstrk gks] tkuuk pkfgS mruk gh xgjk og fu/Zu gksxk4 ugC rks D;kX [ks
tsxk` tks vkneh chekj ugC g,] og ¬ok¬ƒ; dks D;kX [kstsxk` vk,j tks †;knk ls
†;knk ¬ok¬ƒ; dks [kstrk gks] tkuuk pkfgS og mruk gh xgjk chekj g,4
Sd Gdhj Fk4 Sd cgqr c\Ls ckn'kg ls mldk izse Fk4 ml Gdhj ls xkao ds
yksxkX us dgk] ckn'kg rqégX bruk vknj nsrs gT] bruk léeku nsrs gT4 muls dgks
fd xkao eX Sd NksIk lk ¬dwy [ksy nX4 mlus dgk] eT tkMa] eT tkMa4 eTus vkt
rd dHh fdlh ls dqN ekaxk ugC] ysfdu rqe dgrs gks rks rqégkjs fyS ekaxwa4 o
g Gdhj x;k4 og jktk ds Hou eX igqapk4 lqcg dk oDr Fk vk,j jktk viuh
lqcg dh uekt i\P jgk Fk4 Gdhj ihNs [\Lk gks x;k4 uekt iwjh dh] izkFZuk iw
jh dh4 ckn'kg mOk4 mlus gkF Mij G,yk;k4 dgk] gs ijek®ek] esjs jk†; dh
lhekvkX dks vk,j c\Lk dj4 esjs /u dks vk,j c\Pk] esjs ;' dks vk,j nwj rd vkd

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
k' rd igqapk4 txr dh dksB lhek u jg tkS tks esjs dçts eX u gks6 ftldk
eT ekfyd u gks tkMa4 gs ijek®ek] ßlh Îik dj4 mlus izkFZuk iwjh dh] og yk,
Ik4 mlus ns[k fd Gdhj lhf\P;kX ls uhps mrj jgk g,4 mlus fp¥ykdj vkokt
nh D;kX okil yk,I pys` Gdhj us dgk] eT lkspdj vk;k Fk fd fdlh ckn'kg
ls feyus vk;k gwa4 ;gka ns[k fd ;gka Hh fH[kjh ek,twn g,4 vk,j eT rks nax jg x
;k] ftruh c\Lh ftldh ekax gks mruk gh c\Lk og fH[kjh gksxk4 rks vkt eTus
tkuk fd ftlds ikl cgqr dqN g,] cgqr dqN gksus ls dksB ekfyd ugC gksrk4 ek
fyd dh igpku rks blls gksrh g, fd fdruh mldh ekax g,4 vxj dksB ekax ug
C rks og ekfyd g,] ckn'kg g,] vk,j vxj mldh cgqr c\Lh ekax g, rks mruk c\
Lh fH[kjh g,4
blfyS nqfu;k cgqr vthc g,4 ;gka tks cgqr ekax jgs gT vk,j cgqr /u g,] cgqr
[kst g,] cgqr in g,4 tkuuk fd Hhrj cgqr fu/Zu vk,j nfj– gkXxs4 mlh dks Hq
ykus ds fyS mik; dj jgs gT] vü;Fk dksB dkj< ugC g,4 blfyS nqfu;k eX c\Ls
ls c\Lk /u g,] vkneh vius Hhrj cgqr xgjk fu/Zu gksrk g,4 vk,j c\Ls ls c\Ls
inkX ij c,Ok gqvk ø;fDr vius Hhrj cgqr n;uh; vk,j nfj–rk gksrk g,4 vk,j c
gqr c\Lh eg®okdka{k ds yksx nqfu;k dks thr ysus dh vkdka{k j[rs gT] Hhrj c
gqr detksj gksrs gT vius dks thrus eX cgqr vlGy vk,j vleFZ gksrs gT4
;g tks eTus dgk] ;g gekjh [kst g,3pkgs /u dh] pkgs ;' dh] pkgs lq[ dh]
ewyrA rks lq[ dh [kst g,4 ;g ge lq[ blfyS [kstrs gT fd og tks geX nq[ iz
rhr gksrk g,] og feI tkS4 ysfdu D;k ;g mfpr gksxk3D;k ;g mfpr gksxk f
d nq[ Hhrj g,] mls feIkus ds fyS ge lq[ [kstX` ;k ;g mfpr gksxk fd nq[
vxj Hhrj rks mlds dkj< dks [kstX] igpkus fd dk,u lk dkj< g, esjs Hhrj]
ftlds dkj< eT nq[h vk,j ihf\Lr gwa] vk,j ml dkj< dks feIkS vk,j ml dkj
< ls eqDr gks tkS4 D;k ;g o,Kkfud gksxk] ;k igyh ckr o,Kkfud gksxh` D;k
dksB chekjh gks rks mlds dkj< [kstdj ml chekjh dks u‘I djuk gksxk ;k f
d fdlh dk¥ifud ¬ok¬ƒ; dks [kstus ds fyS fgeky; vk,j igk\LkX ij tkuk gks
xk` ysfdu geX ßlk fn[k;h i\Lrk g,4
vk,j ;g euq‘; dh cqf0 ds lcls c\Ls HzekX eX ls] lcls c\Ls >wOs rdk˜ eX ls Sd
rdZ g, fd tc mls nq[ vuqHo gksrk g, rks cgqr lq[ dks [kstus yxrk g,4 ;g
[kst ok¬rfod u gksdj] nq[ dks feIkus okyh u gksdj nq[ dks Hqykus okyh gks
tkrh g,4 vk,j ¬ej< j[X] nq[ ls Hh [rjukd ckr nq[ dks Hqyk nsuk g,4 D;kXfd
tks pht Hwy tkrh g, Mij ls] og Hhrj ljdrh jgrh g, vk,j G,yrh pyh t
krh g,4 blfyS Mij ge lq[ dks [kstrs tkrs gT vk,j Hhrj nq[ ?uk gksrk tkr
k g,4 vk,j Hhrj fpR dh irZ ij xgjs vpsru] vk,j xgjs eu ds dksukX eX] eu
ds Hou ds cgqr nwj ds dejkX eX] izdks‘OkX eX] ry?jkX eX gekjk nq[ G,yrk pyk
tkrk g,4 Mij ge lq[ dks [kstrs jgrs gT] Hhrj nq[ ?uk gksrk tkrk g,4 ftr

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
uk †;knk ckgj lq[ dh [kst gksxh mrus †;knk nq[ ds dkj< etcwr gks tkSaxs
vk,j Hhrj nq[ ?uk gks tkSxk vk,j ø;kid gks tkSxk] lq[ ds [ksth var eX ik
rs gT fd nq[ eX f?j xS gT4
blfyS eTus izkjaH eX gh ;g ckr vkidks dguh pkgh4 bl laca/ eX Fks\Lh vkils
ckr dgwa] ;g lq[ dh [kst Sdek_ Hzkafr g,] Sdek_ vKku g,4 lq[ dh [kst
ls nq[ ugC feIsxk4 nq[ ds funku] nq[ ds dkj< dks tkuus] igpkuus vk,j veIk
us ls nq[ feIsxk rks igyh rks ckr ;g fd lq[ dh [kst Hzkar g, vk,j nq[ dks ¬
i'Z Hh ugC djrh g,] nq[ ds Mij7Mij G,y tkrh g, vk,j Hhrj nq[ etcwr c
uk jgrk g,] mls dgC Hh ugC Nwrh g,4
;g o,lh gh g, t,lh dksB Sd o1{ gks vk,j ge mldh t\LkX dks rks dkIX ugC vk,j
mlds iRkX dks dkIrs jgX4 D;k vki tkurs gT fd iRkX ds dkIus ls vk,j †;knk
iRs o1{ eX vk tkSaxs` D;k dksB o1{ iRkX ds dkIus ls u‘I gksrk g,` ugC] vk,j
Hh l?u gks tkrk g,4 vk,j Hh ?uk gks tkrk g,4 vk,j Hh mlds fodkl ds ekxZ
[qy tkrs gT4 o1{ u‘I gksrk g, t\LkX dks u‘I djus ls4 lq[ dh [kst nq[ ds iR
kX dks NkaIus t,lh g,] nq[ dh t\L dks u‘I djus t,lh ugC g,4 tks ø;fDr lq[ dh
[kst dj jgk g,] mls eT v/k√ed dgrk gwa vk,j tks ø;fDr nq[ ds dkj<kX dks
u‘I djus dh [kst dj jgk g,] mls eT /k√ed dgrk gwa4 mudks /k√ed ugC dg
rk tks eafnj tk jgs gkX] izkFZuk dj gjs gkX6 D;kXfd gks ldrk g,] mudk eafnj t
kuk vk,j izkFZuk djuk lHh lq[ dh [kst gks4 nq[ dks feIkus dk o,Kkfud mik;
ugC g,] bl ckr dks Ohd ls le> ysuk4 ;g gks ldrk g, fd eafnj eX mudh iz
kFZuk lq[ dks gh ikus dh [kst dk fg¬lk gks vk,j og Hxoku dks Hh lq[ dh [
kst eX v÷;k®e cukuk pkgrs gkX vk,j ogka Hh tkdj izkFZuk dj jgs gkX lq[ dks
ikus dh4 vk,j vxj Hxoku mügX lq[ nsrk gqvk ekywe i\Ls rks os ekuXxs fd Hxo
ku g, vk,j dqN ukfj;y p\PkSaxs] Gwy p\PkSaxs4 vk,j vxj lq[ nsrk gqvk u ekyw
e i\Ls rks os budkj djXxs fd Hxoku dk dksB izek< ugC feyrk4 ge rks nq[h
gT4 mudh lq[ dh [kst gh mügX nqdku ls gIkdj eafnj rd ys tk ldrh g,4 ysf
du lq[ ds [ksth dks eT /k√ed ugC dgrk gwa4
Sd nqfu;k g,] tgka ge /u dek jgs gT] Hou cuk jgs gT] ;' izfr‘Ok dks bdØk
dj jgs gT] laxzg dj jgs gT] ifjxzg dj jgs gT4 Sd lhek vkrh g, fd euq‘; d
ks fn[k;h i\Lrk g, fd blls rks nq[ feIrk ugC] vk,j eq>s pkfgS lq[4 ;g Hh
gks ldrk g, fd blh izfrf∂;k eX] blds fjSD'u eX og lkjk ?j7}kj Nks\L ns]
laifR Nks\L ns] lk/q gks tkS4 d‘I >syus yxs] 'jhj dks ih\Lk nsus yxs] Hw[k jg
us yxs] 'jhj dks dks\Ls ejus yxs] dkaIkX ij lksus yxs] /wi eX i\Lk jgus yxs] uaxk
jgus yxs4 ftrus d‘I 'jhj dks ns ldrk g,] nsus yxs4 ysfdu ¬ej< jgs ;g gks
ldrk g, fd ;g lkjk d‘I vk,j ih\Lk Hh ¬oxZ eX] bl yksx eX] ijyksd eX bl

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
tüe eX] vyx tüe eX] dgC lq[ dks ikus dh vkdka{k ls fd;k tk jgk gks ;s Î
®; v/k√ed gks tkrs gT4
;g rks vkidks Kkr gh gksxk] lkjs /ek˜ us ¬oxZ dh d¥iuk dh g, vk,j ¬oxZ eX m
u lHh lq[kX dh ø;o¬Fk dh g,] tks ;gka geX miyç/ ugC gT6 ;k ftudh ;gka o
tZuk g, vk,j fu"s/ g,4 ;g fdl ckr dk lcwr g,` ;g bl ckr dk lcwr g, fd
tks yksx bl yksd eX lq[ ikus eX vleFZ gks tkrs gT] mudh vkdka{kvkX dh gn
ugC g,4 og ijyksd eX mügC lq[kX dks ikus dh dkeuk ls fGj ihf\Lr gks tkrs gT4
ßlk eq¥d g,] ßls yksx gT ftügkXus ¬oxZ eX d¥iuk dh g, fd 'jkc ds >jus cgqr
g,4 ;gka 'jkc fuf"0 g,4 /eZ dgrs gT] ;gka 'jkc ihuk cqjk g,4 ysfdu c\Ls vkæ
p;Z dh ckr g,] os /eZ tks dgrs g,] 'jkc ihuk cqjk g, os] gh dgrs gT] tks 'jk
c ugC ihSaxs] ßls ¬oxZ eX tkSaxs] tgka 'jkc dh ufn;ka cgrh gT4 ;g fojks/ fn
[k;h i\Lrk g,4 ;g le> eX vkrk g, fd ftügkXus ;gka 'jkc Nks\Lh g,] mügkXus bl
otg ls Hh Nks\Lh gks ldrh g, fd os ßls ¬oxZ eX izos' ikuk pkgrs gT tgka4 'j
kc ds >jus cgrs gkX] ufn;ka cgrh gks4 ;gka ftu7ftu dkeukvkX dks fu"s/ fd;k
x;k g,] mügC7mügC dkeukvkX dh ifjiw<Z r1fîr dh ø;o¬Fk ¬oxZ eX dh x;h g,4
;s lc cqHqf{r] î;kls Hw[s] lq[7yksHh yksxkX dh d¥iukvkX ls †;knk ugC gks ld
rs gT4 vk,j blfyS nqfu;k ds ftl eq¥d eX ftl rjg dh ckr lq[ ekuh tkrh
g, ml eq¥d ds yksxkX us vius ¬oxZ eX mldh ø;o¬Fk dj yh g,4 lHh eq¥dkX ds ¬
oxZ Sd t,ls ugC g,] D;kXfd lHh eq¥dkX dh lq[ dh dkeukSa fHU7fHU gT4
vxj vki frçcr eX i,nk gkX rks og ogka lnñ cgqr nq[ g,] ogka OaL cgqr ih\Lk
nsrh g,4 blfyS mügkXus vius ¬oxZ eX m‘< dh dkeuk dh g,4 ogka lnñ fcydqy
ugC g,] cGZ fcydqy ugC g,] igk\L fcydqy ugC gT] e,nku gT4 frçcr;kX dk tks
¬oxZ g, ogka lnñ fcydqy ugC g,] c\Lk mRîr okrkoj< g,4 ysfdu gekjk tks ¬
oxZ g,] ogka 'hry gokSa cgrh gT4 xeZ eq¥d dk ¬oxZ vyx gksxk4 frçcfr;kX dk
tks udZ g,] ogka cGZ gh cGZ g,] ogka tks i\Lsxk xy tkSxk4 ge xeZ eq¥d ds yks
x gT] xeñ d‘I nsrh g,4 geus udZ eX d‘I dh ø;o¬Fk dj j[h g,4 vk,j 'hryr
k lq[ nsrh g, rks ¬oxZ dks S;jdaLh'aL dj j[k g,4 OaLs eq¥d ds yksx gT] mudh
d¥iuk eX OaL cgqr ih\Lk ns jgh g,4 mügkXus vius ¬oxZ eX xeñ dh ø;o¬Fk dj y
h g, vk,j udZ eX lnñ dh ø;o¬Fk dj yh g,4 ;g gekjh lq[7nq[ dh d¥iukvkX
ds iz{si< gT] mlds gh izkstsD'u gT] mldk gh fo¬rkj g,4
ge ftu lq[kX dks ;gka ugC ik ikrs] cgqr ls yksx tks ;gka ihf\Lr jg tkrs gT] ;
gka vuqHo djrs gT fd ugC feyrk] mlls Hh os tkxrs ugC4 mlls Hh mügX ;g
[;ky ugC vkrk fd esjh lq[ dh [kst txr g,] cf¥d ;g [;ky vkrk g, fd
bl lalkj eX lq[ dh [kst xyr g,] ml lalkj eX lq[ [kstuk pkfgS4 lq[ dh
[kst ek,twn jg tkrh g,4 vxj lq[ dh [kst ds ihNs dksB laü;kl eX x;k gks rks

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
og laü;klh Hh] og lk/q Hh lalkjh dk fg¬lk g,] lalkj ds ckgj ugC g,4 mld
h [kst vHh IwIh ugC4 vHh mls ;g ¬ej< ugC vk;k fd lq[ dh [kst gh Hzkar
g,] pkgs bl yksd eX] pkgs ml yksd eX4 ml yksd eX rks vk,j Hh †;knk Hzkar g,
4 vk,j Hh †;knk4 D;kXfd vk,j Hh †;knk d¥iuk dh ckr gksxh4 ge d¥iuk eX m
ügC ckrkX dh ø;o¬Fk dj ysrs gT] tks gekjs Hhrj dgC gekjs fpR dks id\Ls jg
rh g,4
eTus lquk g,] Sd ?j eX Sd dqRs vk,j fc¥yh nksukX dk vkokl Fk4 nksukX lkF7lk
F jgrs Fs rks e,_h gks x;h Fh4 Sd jkr nksukX lksS] cgqr mOrs rks fc¥yh cgqr
izlU Fh4 mldh vka[kX eX c\Lk tks' Fk4 c\Lh vd\Ldj py jgh Fh4 rks dqRs us
iwNk] ckr D;k gks x;h` fc¥yh us dgk] jkr rks xtc gks x;k4 o"kZ vkus dks
g,] ckny f?j xS gT] jkr eTus D;k ns[k] rc eTus ns[k fd bl o"Z o"kZ eX ikuh
dh o"kZ ugC gks jgh g,] cf¥d pwds cjl jgs gT4 ml dqRs us dgk] ukle> ew[Z
fc¥yh2 tc ns[rh g,] xyr ckr ns[rh g,4 dHh ßlk gqvk g,` tc Hh o"kZ gks
rh g, rks lkF eX gfÒ;ka cjlrh gT] pwgs vkt rd u dHh cjls gT vk,j u dHh
cjl ldrs gT] dqRs ds ¬oxZ eX gfÒ;ka gkXxh] fc¥yh ds ¬oxZ eX pwgs gkXxs4 fc¥yh
ds lius eX ogh gksxk] tks mldk lq[ g,4 dqRs ds lius eX ogh gksxk] tks mldk
lq[ g,4 D;k vkidks irk g,] ¬oxZ eX ftu yksxkX us vîljkvkX dh ø;o¬Fk dj j[h
g, vk,j muds vax7vax dk o<Zu fd;k g, D;k ;s os gh yksx ugC gkXxs tks f¬_;kX
ls ;gka vr1îr jg xS gT` D;k ;g lpkB ugC gh Hhrj] D;k ;g eu 'k¬_ br
uh Hh ugC le> ldrk` D;k ge brus va/s gT fd ;g Hh ugC tku ldrs fd f
tügkXus ¬oxZ eX vîljkvkX ds vax iz®;ax dh c\Lh7c\Lh lqanj7lqanj d¥iuk dh g, vk,
j Sd7Sd vax dk o<Zu fd;k g,] ;s yksx os gh gkXxs tks ¬_h ls ;gka vr1îr jg
xS gT vk,j ¬_h dh d¥iuk ogka rd pyh xB g,`
vkidks ;g irk g,] ¬oxZ eX vîljkSa dHh cq0 ugC gksrh` lnk ;qok jgrh g,] f
pj ;qok jgrh gT4 D;k vkidks irk g,] ¬oxZ eX d¥io1{ gksrs gT] ftuds uhps c,O
rh gh lc dkeukSa iwjh gks tkrh gT` tks /eZ dgrs gT] lc dkeukSa Nks\L nks] os
gh /eZ dgrs gT] dkeuk Nks\Lus okys yksxkX dks ¬oxZ fey tkSxk] tgka d¥io1{kX
ds uhps c,Odj lkjh dkeukSa r1îr gks tkrh gT4 ;s lc lq[ dk gh fo¬rkj g,4 ;
g dksB /eZ dh [kst ugC g,4 ;g dksB ok¬rfod thou dh fn'k ugC g, vk,j bl
vFZ eX lkjh nqfu;k ds /ek˜ us mu yksxkX dks] tks mudh ckrkX dks ekuXxs] ¬oxZ
dh ø;o¬Fk ns nh g, vk,j mu yksxkX dks] tks mudh ckrkX dks ugC ekuXxs] udZ dh
ø;o¬Fk ns nh g,4 tks mudh ckrkX dks ekuXxs] mudks lq[ dk vk;kstu g, vk,j t
ks ugC ekuXxs] muds fyS nq[ dh c\Lh ø;o¬FkSa gT4
vk,j fdruk vkæp;Ztud g,] ¬I,fyu dks] fgIyj dks ;k eqlksfyuh dks Hh ftu ck
rkX dk irk ugC gksxk fd vknfe;kX dks fdl7fdl Hkafr d‘I fnS tkSa] muds c
gqr iqjkus xqQvkX us lc xzaFkX eX fy[ fn;k g,4 udZ eX dk,u7dk,u ls d‘I fnS tk

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
ldrs gT] dk,u dk,u lh d¥iuk dh tk ldrh g,] og cgqr igys dj yh x;h g,4
vHh ckn eX Gsfl¬I eq¥dkX us vknfe;kX dks ijs'ku djus dh cgqr BtknX fudky
h4 vxj mudks le> gksrh vk,j og lkjs iqjkus xzaF i\P ysrh vk,j udZ eX D;k7D;
k ;kstuk dh xB gT] vxj mudks tku ysrs rks muds dkjkx1g vk,j Hh le10 gks
tkrs4 ogka os vk,j ijs'ku djus ds] IkpZj djus ds] yksxkX dks ih\Lk nsus dh u;h7
u;h Btkn tku ldrs4 ysfdu ftu yksxkX us ;g d¥iuk dh g, fd tks gekjh ckr
kX ugC ekuXxs] mudks bl7bl rjg ds naL fnS tkSaxs] ;s yksx dksB vπNs yksx u
gC jgs gkXxs4 vly eX tks vius fyS lq[ [kstrk g, og lnk nwljs ds fyS nq[
[kstus dk vkdka{h gksrk g,4 ;g rks fu;e dh ckr g,4 tks vius fyS lq[ [kstr
k g, og vfuok;Zr;k nwljs ds fyS nq[ [kstus dh ø;o¬Fk j[rk g,4 blhfyS rks
eTus dgk] lq[ dk [ksth v/k√ed gksrk g,4
vxj vki lkjk lq[ Nhu ysuk pkgrs gT rks d,ls NhuXxs] tc rd fd nwljs yksxkX
dk lkjk lq[ vkids ikl u vk tkS` vki d,ls lq[h gks tkSaxs` lcdk lq[ Nh
u yks] ;s lq[ ds dkfe;kX us udZ dh Hh d¥iuk dh g,] tgka fd tks muds fojks/
eX gT] mudks Lky fn;k tkSxk4 vk,j vki g,jku gks tkSaxs] NksIs7NksIs funk∆" iki
kX ds fyS3ftudks fd iki Hh dguk dfOu g,] muds fyS bIuZy daLeus'u rd
dh Hh ø;o¬Fk vuardky ds fyS Hh2 Sd vkneh Vtnxh eX fdrus iki dj l
drk g,` vxj eT fglkc yxkMa rks ftrus iki fdS gkXxs] d¥iuk eX lksps gkXxs]
vxj lcdk Hh dksB l“r ls l“r eft¬I≠sI ls G,lyk djokMa rks ikap lky ls †
;knk ltk feyuk eqfædy g,4 nl ikap lky dh ltk gksxh] lk, lky dh ltk gks
xh] ysfdu bIuZy daLeus'u] vuardky rd udZ eX i\Ls jguk2 tWj fdügC nq‘I
eukX dh] fdügC cgqr ok;yXI] fdügC Vgld eukX dh] ;g d¥iuk g,4 ysfdu tks
vkneh Hh lq[ dh [kst djrk g,] og vkneh Vglk gksrk gh g,] D;kXfd mlds Hh
rj gksrk g, nq[] mlds Hhrj gksrh g, ijs'kuh] mlds Hhrj gksrh g, v'kafr] vk,
j lq[ dh og [kst djrk g,4 ysfdu Hhrj bruk csp,u] v'kar] ijs'ku vk,j nq
[h gksrk g, fd og dHh fdlh nwljs dks lq[ eX ugC ns[ ldrk4 nwljs dks lq[
eX ns[uk mls dfOu gks tkSxk4 og r®{< nwljs ds lq[ dks feIk nsuk pkgsxk4
pkgsxk fd eq>s lc fey tkS vk,j 's" lcdk lc fNu tkS4
;g tks nk,\L g,] ∂kb¬I dks ftl fnu lwyh nh x;h ml fnu muds lkjs f'‘; mu
ds ikl bdØs Fs vk,j mu f'‘;kX us ∂kb¬I ls iwNk fd ;g [rjk ekywe gksrk g, f
d 'k;n vki id\L fyS tkS vk,j vkidks lwyh ns nh tkS4 rks vki Îik djds
;g rks crk nX fd geus tks vkids lkF bruh rdyhGX lgC] ejus ds ckn ¬oxZ
eX gekjh in izfr‘Ok D;kX gksxh`
vkidks irk g,] ;g ∂kb¬I ls muds f'‘;kX us iwNk fd vki dy vxj ej xS
rks de ls de bruk rks vkæoklu ns nX fd tc vki ej tkSaxs] tc ge Hh e

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
jdj ¬oxZ eX vkSaxs rks dk,u dgka c,Osxk` ijek®ek ds vklikl dh D;k ø;o¬Fk
gksxh` fdldk D;k in gksxk`
;s d,ls yksx jgs gkXxs2 vk,j ∂kb¬I ds eu dks d,lk ugC yxk gksxk] d,lh n;k ug
C vk;h gksxh3d,ls ikxy yksx2 tks dgrs gT] geus bruk Nks\Lk] geus bruk [ks;k
] vkids ihNs bruh rdyhG mOk;h4 og tks vkneh xgjh Hw[ ls ej jgk g,] m
iokl dj jgk g,] 'jhj dks d‘I ns jgk g,3ßls Gdhj gqS gT] ftudks dks\Ls ekj
jgs gT Vtnxh Hj] D;kXfd ;g [;ky g, fd 'jhj dks ftruk lrkvksxs] ijek®ek
mlds izfrGy eX ij yksx eX mruk gh lq[ nsxk4 ;s lc lq[oknh gT] ;s lc e,Ihf
j;fy¬I gT] ;s lc gsLkfu¬I gT4 ;s lcds lc lq[ dh [kst dj jgs gT4 ;s ml t
xr eX lq[ dh ø;o¬Fk djus ds fyS rdyhG >sy jgs gT4 ;g rdyhG ok¬rfod
ugC g,] ;g riæp;kZ >wOh g,4 riæp;kZ rHh ok¬rfod gksrh g, tc og lq[ dh
[kst ds fyS u gks] cf¥d nq[ ds ewy dkj< feIkus ds fyS gks4 tc og nq[
ds Hhrj ls ewy dkj< u‘I djus ds fyS g,4
rks lcls igyh tWjr rks ;g g, fd ge ;g tkus yX vk,j ;g igpku yX fd pk
gs bl yksd eX] pkgs ij yksx eX lq[ dh tks vkdka{k g,] ogh HIdkus okyk r®o
g,] ogh Hzkar fn'k eX ys tkus okyk [;ky g,4 D;kX g, Hkafr fn'k eX ys tkus ok
yk` Hzkar fn'k eX ys tkus okyk blfyS ugC g, fd nwljkX us dgk] g,] 'k¬_kX us
dgk g,] lk/qvkX us dgk g,] xqQvkX us dgk g,] blfyS ugC6 vxj vki [qn vuqH
o djX] fopkj djX rks vkidks fn[kB i\Lsxk fd lq[ dgC Hh ys tkus eX leFZ u
gC g,4 dHh vki d¥iuk eX Hh fopkj djX] tks Hh lq[ vkius ikuk pkgk g,] vx
j mls ik yX rks fGj D;k djXxs` fGj D;k gksxk` mlds ckn ckr [®e tks tkSa
xh` ;rkfr dk m¥ys[ g,] iqjkuh dgkuh g,3;rkfr lk, o"Z dk gks x;k] ejus dk
gqvk3Sd iqjkuk jktk Fk] dk¥ifud dFk gksxh3ejus dks gks x;k] ek,r djhc
vk xB4 ;rkfr us dgk] ;g D;k` vHh rks eT th Hh ugC ik;k] dksB lq[ ik H
h ugC ik;k vk,j ek,r vk x;h2 ;g d,lk vü;k; g, ijek®ek2 vk,j eT rks jkst iw
tk djrk Fk] izkFZuk djrk Fk4 ;g d,lk /ks[k g,2 ek,r us dgk] D;k lk, o"Z c
hr xS] rqe lq[ miyç/ ugC dj ikS` ;rkfr us dgk] vHh rks dqN Hh ugC f
eyk4 vHh rks [kyh gkF gwa4 Îik djks] lk, o"Z eq>s vk,j ns nks4 ek,r us dgk] eT
vleFZ gwa4 eq>s rks fdlh dks ys tkuk i\Lsxk4 rqégkjs y\LdkX eX ls dksB jkth gks
tkS rks eT mldks ys tkMa] rqedks Nks\L tkMa4 rqe mldh mez ys yks vk,j lk, o
"Z th yks4 ml cw\Ps us vius y\LdkX ls gkF tks\Ls vk,j izkFZuk dh fd Îik djks vk,
j eq>s mez ns nks4 dk,u y\Ldk nsxk` vk,j cki d,lk ikxy Fk] d,lk ukle> Fk2
tc rqe cw\Ps gksdj ejus dks jkth ugC rks toku y\LdkX ls mlus izkFZuk dh4 ysf
du tks lcls NksIk y\Ldk Fk] vHh chl gh o"Z mldh mez Fh] mlus dgk] esjh
mez ys yX4 ek,r us mlls iwNk fd rw d,lk ikxy g,` cki rsjk ejuk ugC pkgr
k g,] rw ejuk pkgrk g,4 mlus dgk] eT le> x;k] tc lk, o"Z eX firk dks lq[

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
ugC feyk rks eq>s d,ls fey tkSxk` esjs fyS ekeyk gy gks x;k4 esjh mez ys
yX] ckr [®e gks x;h4 eT iz;ksx djds ns[rk] og eq>s fn[k;h i\L x;k4 ;gh
rks esjk gksxk tks firk dk gqvk] ;gh nk,\L eX Hh nk,Lwaxk4
gj vkneh djhc7djhc Sd lh nk,\L nk,\L jgk g,4 D;k vkidks irk g,] ge lc
yksx Sd gh rjg dh Vtnxh fjihI dj jgs gT` ;gka brus yksx c,Os gT] D;k vki
lksprs gT] vki vyx7vyx Vtnxh th jgs gT` ogh ∂ks/ g,] ogh dke g,] ogh
yksH g,] ogh nq[ g,] ogh ih\Lk g,4 Sd lh Vtnxh fjihI dj jgs gT4 ;g dgkuh
fcydqy Sd g,] cgqr Hsn ugC g,4 bleX Fks\Ls cgqr ds varj gkXxs4 nqfu;k eX bld
k dksB cgqr Hsn ugC g,4
ml y\Lds us dgk] ckr le> eX vk x;h] ;gh Vtnxh rks eT thMaxk mez ns nh4
lk, o"Z fGj chr xS4 fGj lk, o"Z chrus eX nsj fdruh yxrh g,2 lk, o"Z fGj
chr xS4 fGj ek,r vk x;h4 ;rkfr pkTd x;k4 mlus dgk fd vHh` brus le
; chr x;k D;k` vHh rks eT dqN miyç/ dj ugC ik;k4 ek,r us dgk] fGj rq
égX Nks\L ldrh gwa] vxj rqégkjk Sdk/ y\Ldk~~~bl lk, o"Z eX fGj mlls y\Lds
gks xS3dksB viuh mez nsus dks jkth gks tkS4 vk,j ßlh dgkuh pyrh g,4 ;rkf
r Sd gtkj o"Z th;k4 vk,j Sd gtkj o"Z ds ckn tc ek,r vk;h rks elyk o
gC Fk4 mlus dgk fd vHh` eT rks ogC dk ogC gwa4
D;k vkidks [;ky g, fd dy lqcg vki tgka Fs] vkt lqcg Hh ogh Fs` D;k v
kidks [;ky g, fd Sd o"Z igys tgka Fs] bl o"Z Hh ogh Fs` D;k vkidks [;k
y g,] nl o"Z igys vki tgka Fs] bl o"Z Hh vki ogC Fs` ;k fd lq[ dh ek_
k eX dksB fodkl gks x;k` vk,j vxj nl lky eX fodkl ugC gqvk rks lk, lky
eX d,ls gksxk] gtkj lky eX d,ls gksxk` ;g rks flGZ xf<r dks Fks\Lk c\Lk dj ys
uk g,4 ;g rks Fks\Ls ls xf<r dh ckr g,] ;g rks dksB cgqr le>nkjh dk] dksB
cgqr c\Ls rdZ dh ckr ugC g,] dy lqcg vki ogh Fs] vkt lqcg Hh ogh gT] d
y lqcg Hh ogC gkXxs rks D;k gksxk` gtkj lky chrX fd yk[ lky chrX] vki
ogC dh ogC gkXxs4
bl thou eX] ftls ge lq[ dh [kst ekudj pyrs gT] dHh dksB miyfç/ ugC
gqB g,] u gks ldrh g,4 u gks ldus dk dkj< g,4 igyh ckr] tks vkneh lq[ d
ks[ tkrk g,] t,lk eTus dgk mlds Hhrj nq[ rks cuk gh jgrk g,] og rks dgC
tkrk ugC] lq[ ls Nwrk Hh ugC4 lq[ dh u;h7u;h >yd foyhu gks tkrh g,] nq
[ fGj [\Lk gks tkrk g,4 blfyS lkjh nqfu;k ex lq[ ds tks ikxy gT os uS ls
uS lXlsl dh] u;h ls u;h laosnukvkX dh [kst djrs gT4 u;h ls u;h laosnukvkX
dh [kst djrs gT4 vk,j ;gh dkj< g, fd foKku us cgqr lh u;h laosnukSa [ks
t nh gT] ftudks ge lq[ dh laosnukSa dgX4 vk,j ;gh dkj< g, fd foKku vk,j
;g ¬oxZ oknh /k√ed tks gT] fojks/ eX i\L xS4 nks rjg ds lq[ okn gks xS nqf
u;k eX] nksukX eX >x\Lk 'qW gks x;k4 vk,j yksx o,Kku ds lq[ okn dh vksj t¥nh

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
>qd xS] D;kXfd ijyksd dh jksIh dk D;k foæokl2 bl yksd eX tks jksIh feyr
h g,] og †;knk foæokl g,6 vlafn≈/ g,4 vl ij 'd ugC fd;k tk ldrk4 tc
rd nqfu;k eX foKku ugC Fk] ;g rFkdfFr /eZ dk] ;g tks ¬oxZ vk,j udZoknh
/eZ g,] ;g tks lq[ dk foæokl fnykus okyk /eZ g, fd tks ßlk djsxk mls lq
[ feysxk] tks ßlk ugC djsxk mls nq[ feysxk] ßlk tks /eZ g,] ftldk izyksHu
vk,j H; ls ukrk g,] tks izyksHu nsrk g, fd ;g7;g lq[ nXxs rqedks] bl rjg
dk thou ft;ks] rks tks lq[ ikus ds vkdka{h gT] ml rjG dk thou thus dks j
kth gks tkrs gT4
bl rjg dk tks /eZ g,] foKku dk tc rd tüe ugC gqvk] vdsyk Fk4 lkjh nqf
u;k /k√ed ekywe i\Lrh Fh4 fGj Sd u;k izfr;ksxh i,nk gqvk b/j rhu lk, o
"k˜ eX4 vk,j foKku us dgk] Nks\Lks ¬oxZ dh cdokl ge ;gh cukS nsrs gT4 Nks\Lks
vîljkvkX dh fGdj] ge vîljkSa tehu ij [\Lh fdS nsrs gT4 Nks\Lks ;g fGdj]
ge ;gh Hou cukS nsrs gT tks fd lq[n gkXxs4 vk,j c\Ls tksj ls ikxyiu 'qW gq
vk tehu dks gh ¬oxZ cukus dk4 /k√ed yksx ?c\Lk xS4 >wOs /k√ed yksx lc
?c\Lk xS] D;kXfd c\Lh fnDdr gks x;h4 mleX xzkgd fNu tkus dk Lj cgqr ls
tksj i,nk gks x;k4 D;kXfd xzkgd ijyksd dh nqdku ij vc jkth ugC gks ldrs
Fs4 vc tc ;gka iz®;{ feyrk gks rks d¥iuk eX dk,u fGdj djs` blfyS foKk
u dk tksj ls izHko gqvk4 lkjh nqfu;k eX foKku dk Hk,frdokn izHkoh gks x;k4
/k√ed yksx xkyh nsus yxs fd ge vk÷;kf®ed gT vk,j ;s Hk,frdoknh g,4
eT vkidks dgwa] Hk,frd dk gh Hk,frdokn ls fojks/ gks ldrk g,4 vk÷;kf®ed dk
Hk,frdokn ls dksB fojks/ gh ugC gks ldrk g,4 d,ls gks ldrk g,` v÷;k®eokn
dk Hk,frdokn ls D;k fojks/ gks ldrk g,` os rks fn'kSa gh vyx gT4 ysfdu H
k,frdokn dk Hk,frdokn ls fojks/ gks ldrk g,4 iqjkus rjg dk tks e,Ihfj;fy†e
Fk] og tks ¬oxZ udZ dh Hk"k eX lksprk Fk] iki iq≤; ds izfrGy nsus dh Hk"
k eX lksprk Fk4 vehj vkneh gks tehu ij rks ge dgrs Fs fd fiNys tüekX ds
iq≤; deZ dk Gy Hkst jgk g,4 tc fd vlfy;r ;g g, fd blh tüe ds ikikX
dk Gy g,] /u6 fiNys tüe ds iq≤;kX dk Gy ugC4 vk,j xjhc Fk nfj– Fk rks
mldks dgrs fd fiNys tüe ds ikikX dk Gy Hksx jgk g,4 ;g gekjh ø;o¬Fk Fh
] fglkc Fk fd yksxkX ds fnekx eX fdlh rjg dh ∂kafr laHo u gks] dksB fopk
j] dksB fo–ksg i,nk u gks4 yksxkX dks geus r; dj j[k Fk fd tks xjhc g,] og
iki dh otg ls xjhc g,] tks vehj g,] og iq≤; dh otg ls vehj g,4
;g lkjh tks ø;o¬Fk Fh] ;g lkjh dh lkjh inkFZoknh Hk,frdoknh ø;o¬Fk Fh]
lc e,Ihfj;fy†e Fk4 bu lkjs ds lkjs esIh fj;fy†e ls lkbal ds e,Ihfj;fy†e
dk fojks/ gks x;k4 lkbal us tks Hk,frdokn [\Lk fd;k og lcy lkfcr gqvk4 l
kjs /k√ed ?c\Lk xS vk,j xkyh nsus yxs foKku dks4 ysfdu xkyh ges'k detksj
nsrk g, vk,j nsus ls dksB Gy ugC gksrk g,4 og xkyh nsrs c,Os jgs vk,j foKku d

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
k Hk,frdokn tksj ls G,yrk x;k4 eT bleX dksB cgqr fojks/ ugC ns[rk gwa4 ;s nks
ukX Sd gh rjg ds Hk,frdokn gT4 /eZ cgqr nwljh ckr g,4 og Hk,frdokn g, gh
ugC] og lq[ dh [kst gh ugC g,4 og rks rHh 'qW gksrh g, /eZ dh cqfu;kn]
/eZ dh fn'k] og tks ok¬rfod /eZ g,] mldh fn'k rHh 'qW gksrh g, tc dks
B ø;fDr lq[ dh nk,\L ds Hze ls tkx tkrk g,4 vk,j mls fn[k;h i\Lrk g, fd ;
g rks ikxy nk,\L g,] bldk dksB var ugC g,] bldk dksB vFZ ugC g,4 tc ;g f
n[k;h i\Lrk g, fd lq[ dh nk,\L dgC Hh ugC ys tk ldrh] ml {< eX] ml f
LbywtueXI eX] ml Hze ds IwI tkus ij ø;fDr dk fpR fdlh vk,j fn'k eX eq\L
uk 'qW gksrk g, vk,j og fn'k /eZ dh fn'k gksrh g,4
ge vusd7vusd izdkjkX ds Hk,frdoknh gkXxs4 dksB /k√ed izdkj dk Hk,frdoknh
gksxk] dksB o,Kkfud izdkj dk Hk,frdoknh gksxk] ysfdu ;s lc Hk,frdokn gT4 ;s
lc Hk,frdokn gT4 fn[k;h ugC i\Lrs] cgqr lw”e gks ldrh g, gekjh id\L4 ge
kjh e,Ihfj;fy¬I tks id\L gksrh g,] og lw”e gks ldrh g,4
eT Sd lk÷oh ls feyrk Fk3dy gh eT ckr dj jgk Fk6 dy gh eT yksxkX ls d
g jgk Fk3Sd lk÷oh ls feyrk Fk] esjk di\Lk m\Lrk Fk gok eX] mldks Nw x;
k4 og ?c\Lk x;h4 gok m\Lrh jgh] di\Lk Nwrk jgk] og cgqr ?c\Lkrh jgh4 fd
lh us eq>s jksdk vk,j dgk fd lk÷oh dks iqQ" dk di\Lk ugC Nwuk pkfgS4 rks eT
us dgk] eT le> gh ugC ikrk fd lk/q7lk÷oh dgrs gkX fd ge vk®ek gT vk,j '
jhj ugC gT] og di\Ls ds Nwus ls ?c\Lk tkSa4 di\Lk fdldks Nwrk g,6 vk®ek dks
;k 'jhj dks` vk,j tc 'jhj dks di\Lk Nwrk gks] vk,j og di\Lk Hh iqQ" vk,j
¬_h dk gks tkS rks cgqr vkæp;Z dh ckr gks tkSxh4 ;g rks gY nt∆ dk] cgqr
uhps nt∆ dk inkFZokn gks x;k fd esjk di\Lk pwafd iqQ" igus gqS g, blfyS di\
Lk Hh iqQ" gks x;k vk,j ¬_h igus gqS g, rks di\Lk ¬_h gks x;k4 di\Lk rks di\L
k g, cl4
ysfdu ;g gekjh cgqr cgqjh Hk,frdoknh id\L g, vk,j Hk,frdokn dh ;g fojks/
h id\L fn[k;h ugC i\Lrh4 ;g gekjs [;ky eX ugC vkrh] D;kXfd geus ijaijk
ls lqu j[k g, fd ;g Ohd g, vk,j ge ijaijk ls ekus c,Os gT fd ;g Ohd g,4 tks
ge cgqr fnu rd Ohd ekus jgrs gT] cgqr fnu rd] cgqr le; rd] cgqr o
"k˜ rd tks ckrX geX Ohd le>k;h tkrh jgrh gT] ge mudh Ohd ekuus dks jk
th gks tkrs gT3fcuk fopkjs] fcuk lksps gqS4
;s lc Hk,frdokn ds Wi gT4 budk v÷;k®e ls dksB xgjk laca/ ugC g,] v÷;k®e
dk laca/] /eZ dk laca/ rks lkjh fn'k ds vk,j [kst ds ifjo√rr gks tkus ls]
Sd fjø;ksyw'u] Sd ∂kafr gks tkus ls g,4
Sd NksIh lh dgkuh vkils dgwa vk,j mlds ckn eT dgwa] ;g ∂kafr gks rks mlds
ckn D;k gksxk` ysfdu d,ls gks` NksIh lh cπpkX dh dgkuh g,4

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
Sd vykbl uke dh y\Ldh g,] og ifj;kX ds ns' eX igqap x;h g,4 ifj;kX dk ns
' g,] og ogka igqap x;h g,4 cπpkX dh dgkuh g,] dk¥ifud dFk] og igqap x;h
g,4 Fd x;h tehu ls vkdk' rd igqapus eX4 Hw[ yx vk;h] î;kl yx vk;h4
mlus vka[ mOkdj ns[k] rks ns[k] c\Lk gjk7Hjk g, ifj;kX dk ns'4 ifj;kX dh
jkuh3og nwj Sd o1{ ds uhps [\Lh g,4 fdlh d¥io1{ ds uhps [\Lh gksxh4 jkuh
ds ikl cgqr feOkb;ka g,] cgqr Gy gT4 ml jkuh us mls gkF ls b'kjk fd;k fd
vkvks] vkokt nh4 djhc gh g, nj“r] †;knk nwj Hh ugC g,4 'hry Nk;k g, m
lds uhps] ikuh dk >juk g,] feOkb;ka g,] Gy gT4 og bykbl nk,\Lus yxrh4 Hw[
h g, y\Ldh4 tehu ls ¬oxZ rd dh ;k_k dh g,4 og og Hkxus yxh4 lqcg Fh]
lwjt mx jgk Fk] og Hkxrh x;h] Hkxrh x;h vk,j Hkxrh x;h4 vkf[j eX ?
c\Lk x;h] nksigj gks x;h vk,j mlus [\Ls gksdj ns[k] jkuh vk,j mlds chp Gkl
yk mruk dk mruk g,] mleX dksB GdZ ugC i\Lk4 mlus cgqr fp¥ykdj iwNk fd
;g D;k ckr g,` eT nk,\Lrs7nk,\Lrs Fd x;h] lqcg ls nksigj gks x;h vk,j vHh
rd eT dgC igqaph ugC4 jkuh us dgk] lkspks er] tks lksprk g,] og nk,\Lrk ugC
g,4 jkuh us dgk] lkspks er4 tks lksprk g,] fGj nk,\L ugC ikrk4 nk,\Ls pyks4 tks
nk,\Lrk pyrk g,] og gh nk,\L ldrk g,4 ftlus lkspk] fd Qd tkSxk] [\Lk gks
tkSxk6 fGj eqfædy gks tkSxh4 vkvks] ?c\Lkvks er] tWj igqap tkvksxh4
fGj mlus nk,\Luk 'qW fd;k4 fGj og nk,\Lh4 vk,j nk,\Lh vk,j nk,\Lh4 lka> gksus yx
h] lwjt Pyus yxk rks fGj [\Lh gks x;h4 mlus fp¥ykdj iwNk] ekeyk D;k g,`
;g le¬;k d,lh g,` ;g igsyh D;k g,` lka> gksus ds djhc vk x;h] nk,\Lrs7nk,\L
rs eT Fd x;h gwa] Gklyk mruk dh mruk g,] fLlIXl ogh dk ogh g,4 og jkuh
[\Lh g, lkeus vk,j nksukX ds chp dk varj mruk dk mruk g,4 jk¬rk mruk v
Hh Hh ikj djuk g,4 ml jkuh us dgk] ns[ks] eTus fGj Hh dgk] lkspks er] tks
lksprk g,] Qd tkrk g,4 nk,\Lks4 vxj igqapuk g, rks nk,\Lrs jgks4 og fGj nk,\Lus y
xh] lwjt Py x;k] jkr gks x;h4 mlus fp¥ykdj dgk] vc rks jkr gksus yxh4
;g rqégkjh nqfu;k d,lh g,] tgka dksB pys rks jk¬rk iwjk ugC gksrk` og jkuh ga
lus yxh4 mlus dgk] ikxy2 fdlh nqfu;k eX] fdlh Hh nqfu;k eX dksB fdruk
pys] dksB Hh jk¬rk dHh iwjk ugC gksrk4 rqégkjh nqfu;k eX dksB fdruk pys] d
ksB Hh jk¬rk dHh iwjk ugC gksrk4 rqégkjs nqfu;k eX Hh dksB fdruk gh pys] dks
B fdruk gh nk,\Ls dksB fdruk gh Je djs] jk¬rk dHh iwjk ugC gksrk4 tks ikuk
Fk] og tüe ds fnu ftruk nwj jgrk g,] e1®;q ds fnu Hh mruk gh nwj ik;k
tkrk g,4
og Gklyk ogh dk jgrk g,4 tüe ds fnu ftruk v/wjk gksrk g, vkneh] ftruk
nq[h gksrk g,] e1®;q ds fnu Hh mruk gh irk g,4 dksB lq[ miyç/ ugC gksrk4
miyç/ gks gh ugC ldrk] vxj dksB lq[ dks [kstsxk rks4 fGj d,ls gks ldrk g,
` fGj d,ls gksxk` vk,j ftruk dksB lq[ dks [kstrk g,] ihNs nq[ [\Lk gks gh j

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
grk g,4 lq[ vk,j nq[ nksukX Sd gh flDds ds nks igys gT4 os vyx7vyx ugC g,4
os Sd gh ckr ds nks igyw gT4 D;k vkidks irk g, fd lq[ vk,j nq[ Sd7nwljs
ds ihNs fNis jgrs gT` izse vk,j ?1<k Sd7nwljs ds ihNs fNis jgrs gT` 'kafr vk,j
∂ks/ Sd7nwljs ds ihNs fNis jgrh gT` vHh vki 'kar gT vk,j cxy dk vkneh
tjk lk Sd xkyh vkidh rjG GXd ns vk,j 'kafr foyhu gks tkSxh] v'kafr vk
tkSxh4 vHh vki eq>s c\Lk izse dj jgs gT vk,j eT Sd ßlh ckr dg nwa] fd izs
e foyhu gks tkSxk vk,j ?1<k lkeus vk tkSxh4 vHh vki eq>s c\Lk vknj dj
jgs gT] Sd NksIk lk dke ßlk dj nwa] lc vknj foyhu gks tkSxk] vuknj lke
us vk tkSxh4 ftldks vki Gwy dh ekyk iguk jgs gT] tjk dqN ckr x\Lc\L gks
tkS] Gwy dh ekyk vyx vk,j xnZu ij Nqjh ysdj [\Ls gks tkSaxs4
vkids Hhrj 'kafr ds ihNs v'kafr fNih jgrh g,] vkids izse ds ihNs ?1<k fNih
jgrh g,] vkids lq[ ds ihNs nq[ fNik jgrk g,] vHh lq[h gT] Sd {< eX nq[
h gks ldrs gT4 vHh nq[h gT] Sd {< eX lq[h gks ldrs gT4 ;s Sd7nwljs ds igyw
gT] Sd gh flDds ds nks igyw gT4 rks tks vkneh fdruk gh lq[ dks [ksts] tkSx
k dgka` nwljk ihNs Nk;k dh rjg [\Lk jgsxk4 vki fdruk gh HkxX] vkidh Nk
;k vkids lkF gksxh4 fdruk gh lq[ [kstX] nq[ ihNs Nk;k dh Hkafr [\Lk jgsxk4
tjk gh vka[ eks\LXxs] ikSaxs og ek,twn g,4
blfyS ftügkXus lq[ ds thou dk foæys"< fd;k gks3vki Hh djX] dksB Hh djs]
mls fn[k;h i\Lsxk] lq[ dh [kst dgC ys tkrh ugC4 ;g fcydqy gh oa÷;k] ;g
fcydqy ekxZ tks g,] oa÷;k ekxZ g,4 bl ij dgC dqN m®ifR ugC gksrh] bl ij
dqN dgC ik;k ugC tkrk4 ;g fcydqy cka> g,4 ;g fn'k fcydqy gh m®ifRgh
u g,4 ;g fcydqy Mt\L tehu g,] tehu g,] bl ij dqN ugC gksrk4 ;g lq[ d
h [kst dh tks tehu g,] ;g tc fn[k;h i\Ls] ;g tc [;ky eX vkS rks vkidks
yxsxk] ;g rks D;k gqvk] ;g rks thou ø;FZ x;k] vc D;k dWa` vc D;k kgks
` ;g lq[ dh [kst rks lc fGtwy gks x;h vk,j eT dgC igqapk guC4 vc D;k gks
` rks vki vius nq[ dks ns[X fd og dgka g,` vki Hhrj tkS vk,j igpkus fd
nq[ dgka g,] dgka g, nq[ dk D;k ¬oWi g,` D;k feysxk`
vxj Hhrj >kaddj ns[Xxs rks nq[ ds ¬oWi D;k feyXxs` gkF7i,j eX nnZ g,] ;g
nq[ ugC g,] ;g rks d‘I g,4 ;g rks nok ns nXxs rks Ohd gks tkSaxs4 fdlh ds 'jh
j eX dksB chekjh g,] ;g dksB nq[ ugC g,] ;g rks d‘I g,4 ;g rks bykt ls Oh
d gks tkSxh4 d‘I dks rks foKku Ohd dj ysrk g,4 ysfdu vxj dksB chekjh u
gks] dksB gkF7i,j eX rdyhG u gks] lc Hkafr lqfo/k gks] ?j eX dksB vlqfo/k
u gks rks D;k vki lksprs gT] vkids Hhrj nq[ u‘I gks tkSxk` vxj ;g lp g
ksrk rks egkohj dks ?j Nks\Ldj Hkxus dk D;k loky Fk` cq0 dks ?j7}kj nk,\L
nsus dk D;k loky Fk` lc lq[ muds ikl Fk4 dk,u lh deh Fh` dk,u lh ck
r ugC Fh` lc Fk] ysfdu Hhrj nq[ Fk4 d‘I u gks] blls nq[ ugC feIrk4

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
d‘I lc feI tkS] nq[ dksB vk,j ckr g,4 nq[ D;k g,` nq[ g, vk®e7vKku4 ¬o
;a dks u tkuuk gh nq[ g,4 ¬o;a ds ifjfpr u gksuk gh nq[ g,4 ¬o;a ls igpku
u gksuk gh nq[ g,4 [qn ds ¬oWi ds izfr vutku] vifjfpr] vKku eX cus jguk
gh nq[ g,4 nq[ g, Sd fd eT ¬o;a dks ugC tkurk gwa4 vk,j tc rd eT ¬o;a dks
u tku ywa rc rd nq[ ds ckgj ugC gks ldrk gwa4 vk,j ftl fnu eT ¬o;a dks
tku ywa mlh fnu lq[ ds vk,j vkuan ds }kj [qy tkSaxs vk,j eT nq[ ds ckgj gks
tkMaxk4
¬o;a dks tkuuk3;gh g,] ;gh g, og pkch] og lh∂sI] og jg¬; tks euq‘; dks
/eZ dh fn'k eX ys tkrk g,4 vk,j cl tku ys] dqN Hh gksxk4 bldks tkuuk gh
gksxk] tks Hhrj c,Ok g,4 d,ls bls tkuXxs] d,ls bls igpkuXxs` D;k djXxs ftlls ;
g tkuk tk lds` Sd NksIk lk dke djXxs rks 'k;n ;g tkuk tk lds4 bl Nks
Is ls lw_ dks eT var eX vkils dgrk gwa] vxj bldh iz;ksx gks rks tkuk tk ld
rk g, fd Hhrj dk,u g,` lk/kj<rA nq[ vkrk g, rks ge dgus yxrs gT fd eT nq
[h gwa4 lq[ vkrk g, rks geus dgus yxrs gT] eT lq[h gwa4 tks Hh ?Iuk ge ij ?
Ius yxrh g,] ge dgus yxrs gT] eT ;gh gwa4 cπpk gksrk gwa rks eT dgus yxrk gwa]
eT cπpk gwa4 toku gksrk gwa rks dgus yxrk gwa] eT toku gwa4 cw\Pk gks tkrk gwa] r
ks dgus yxrk gwa] cw\Pk gwa4
;g eT D;k cπpk Hh gks ldrk g,] toku Hh gks ldrk g,] cw\Pk Hh gks ldrk g,
` ;g eT nq[h Hh gks ldrk g,] lq[h Hh gks ldrk g,4 rks D;k blls ;g ckr [
;ky eX ugC vkrh fd ;g tks eT uke dk r®o gksxk] lq[ ls] nq[ ls] pqipki ls
] cq\Pkis ls vyx gksxk`
vHh eT ;gka c,Os gqS gT] ;gka Hou ds ckgj c,Os gqS gT4 vki pkgX rks Hxoku ds
Hhrj tk ldrs gT4 vki pkgs rks fGj ckgj vk ldrs gT4 rks tks vkneh Hou
ds Hhrj tk ldrk g,] ckgj vk ldrh g,] mlds Hhrj tkus vk,j ckgj vkus ls
D;k og izekf<r ugC gksrk g, fd og Hhrj tkus vk,j ckgj vkus ls D;k og iz
ekf<r ugC gksrk g, fd og Hou ls i1Fd vk,j vyx g,` vxj eT nq[ eX tk l
drk gwa vk,j nq[ ds ckgj vk ldrk gwa] lq[ eX tk ldrk gwa] lq[ ds ckgj vk
ldrk gwa] rks D;k blls ;g izekf<r ugC gksrk g, fd eT lq[ vk,j nq[ nksukX ls
vyx gwa4 vxj eT nq[h gksrk rks fGj eT lq[h ugC gks ldrk Fk4 vxj eT lq[h
gksrk rks fGj eT nq[h ugC gks ldrk Fk4 eT lqcg Sd >k\L ds uhps c,O tkMa] lw
jt fudysxk] izdk' G,y tkSxk rks eT dgwaxk fd eT fnu gwa` jkr vkSxh] va/sjk
Hj tkSxk] rks D;k eT dgwaxk fd eT jkf_ gwa` eT dgwaxk fd eTus ns[k fd fnu
vk;k] eTus ns[k fd jkr vk;h vk,j eT rks vyx gwa4
thou ds iz®;sd vuqHo ds lkF vius dks cka/ nsus ls fd eT ;gh gwa] vKku ?
uk gksrk g, vk,j vk®e7vKku izxk\P gksrk g,4 vk,j thou ds iz®;sd vuqHo ls ¬o
;a dks i1Fd dj ysus ls fd eT nq[ dks ns[us okyk gwa] nq[h eT ugC4 eT dsoy lq[

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
dks ns[us okyk gwa] lq[h eX ugC4 eT dsoy ns[us okyk gwa fd ;qok vo¬Fk vk xB
] eT dsoy ns[us okyk gwa fd cq\Pkik vk jgk g,] eT dsoy ns[us okyk gwa fd vHh
tkx jgk gwa vk,j vc uCn vk jgh g,4 vk,j eT dsoy ns[us okyk gwa fd fnu gqvk]
izdk' gqvk] jkf_ gqB vk,j va/sjk gqvk4 vxj ;g –‘Ik dk r®o] vxj ;g ns[
us okys dk cks/ i1Fd gks lds] vxj ;g lk{h dk Hko i1Fd gks lds3gks ldrk
g,] fufæpr gks ldrk g,4 igk\L [ksndj ikuh fudkyk tk ldrk g,] pkan ij ;k
_k dh tk ldrh g,] xzg u{_kX dh ;k_kSa laHo gks tkSaxh] leq– ds Hhrj ehy
kX xgjkb;kX eX j®u [ksts tk ldrs gT] rks vius Hhrj bl ¬o;a dks D;kX ugC [ks
tk tk ldrk`
euq‘; us c\Lk iqQ"kFZ fn[yk;k g, ckgj ds txr eX4 bruk c\Lk iqQ"kFZ fn[k;k
g,] vxj mruk gh lkgl vk,j lkeƒ;Z vk,j Je ¬o;a ds Hhrj izfo‘I fd;k tkS]
¬o;a ds lkF yxk;k tkS rks Hh dkj< ugC g, fd ge ¬o;a dks D;kX u tku l
dX` tks ge gT] og D;kX u tkuk tk lds` ¬o;a dks tkuus dk lw_ g,] lc vuqH
okX ls] lc SDlihfjSalsl ls tks vuqHwfr;ka gksrh gkX] vius dks vyx dj ysuk] f
HU dj ysuk4 pk,chl ?aIs dksB eafnj tkus dh ckr ugC g,4 vxj eafnj tkS] rks
tkuX fd eafnj tkus okyk eT ugC gwa] eT dsoy ns[ jgk gwa fd Gyka l†tu eafnj
tk jgs gT 4 jk¬rs ij pyrs gT rks tkuX fd jk¬rs ij eT pyus okyk ugC gwa] eT
ns[ jgk gwa fd Gyka l†tu py jgs gT4
Sd lk/q Fs] mudk uke Fk jke4 og ßlk ugC dgrs Fs fd eT Gyka txg x;k4
og dgrs Fs] jkr Gyka txg xS4 og dHh ßlk ugC dgrs Fs fd ogka yksx vk
S vk,j eq>s xkfy;ka nC4 og dgrs Fs fd ogka dqN yksx vkS vk,j jke dks xkfy
;ka nsus yxs4 rks yksx muls iwNrs fd dk,u jke` rks og dgrs] ;g4 rks yksx dg
rs fd vki ßlk D;kX ugC dgrs fd eT` mügkXus dgk fd ugC] eT d,ls dgwa` eT r
ks ns[us okyk Fk4 yksx jke dks xkfy;ka ns jgs Fs] eT Hh ns[ jgk Fk4
Sd rhljk Vcnq i,nk djs] Sd lk{h dk Vcnq i,nk djX] tks vyx [\Lk gks lds v
kids thou eX4 tks vkids lkjs thou ds pyrs gqS ?sjs ls nwj [\Lk gks lds] ns[
lds] tkus lds] lk{h gks lds] foIuXl gks lds4 vxj ßlk Vcnq vki /hjs7/hjs fo
dflr djX] vkt cht dh rjg g,] dy vadqj cusxk] ijlkX c\Lk ik,/k cu ldrk
g,4 fGj c\Lh ?uh Nk;k ns ldrk g,4 vk,j tc ;g ftruk fodflr gksrk tkSxk
] vki ikSaxs] u rks nq[ g,] u lq[ g,4 vki ikSaxs] u rks dksB ih\Lk g,4 rc vki
ikvksxs] u rks va/sjk g,] u izdk' g,4 eT rks vyx gwa] eT rks i1Fd gwa4 eT rks gj
vuqHwfr ls nwj gwa vk,j fHU gwa4 tc ;g vuqHo eX gksxk fd eT i1Fd gwa] vy gwa]
eT rks nwj gwa] rc Sd r®o psruk vkids Hhrj tkxzr gksxh rks vki ikSaxs fd
ml r®o dks ik ysuk gh vkuan dks ik ysuk g,4 ml r®o dks ik ysuk gh /eZ dks
ik ysuk g,4 ml r®o dks ik ysuk gh /eZ g,4 D;kXfd /eZ dk D;k vFZ g,` /eZ
dk vFZ g, ¬oWi4 vius [qn ds ¬oWi dks ik ysuk /eZ g,4 vk,j mls tks ik ysrk

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
g, og thou ds vfHizk; dks ik ysrk g,4 og ÎrkFZ gks tkrk g,] og /ü; gks tk
rk g,4
ysfdu ge lq[ dks [kstrs jgXxs] nq[ ls cprs jgXxs] rks mldks ge d,ls ikSaxs]
tks u lq[ g, vk,j u nq[ g,` ge va/sjs eX Hkxrs jgXxs vk,j izdk' dks [kstrs jgX
xs rks mls d,ls ikSaxs] tks u izdk' g, vk,j u va/sjk g,` vxj ge Hkstu dks [ks
trs jgXxs ;k fGj dHh miokl dks [kstus jgXxs rks mls ge d,ls ikSaxs tk fd H
kstu djus dk Hh –‘Ik g, vk,j miokl djus dk Hh –‘Ik g,3og tks nksukX ls vy
x g,4 vxj og x1g¬Fh dks [kstrs jgXxs vk,j fGj laü;kl dks [kstrs jgXxs rks mls
d,ls ikSaxs tks fd x1g¬Fh dks Hh ns[us okyk g, vk,j laü;kl dks Hh ns[us okyk
g,` og tks lcls i1Fd g, vk,j fdlh vuqHwfr eX] fdlh vuqHo eX vkfo‘I ugC g
ksrk] ckgj jg tkrk g,] mldks d,ls ns[ ikSaxs` mls ns[us ds fyS rks tkuuk gks
xk] igpkuuk gksxk] Je djuk gksxk4 mOrs] c,Ors] lksrs] tkxrs mldk ¬ej< j
[uk gksxk4 vxj ge mldk ¬ej< j[ ldX3vHh vki lqu jgs gT4 esjh ckr] S
d {< dks] tc vki lqu jgs gT esjh ckr rks vkidks ;g [;ky gks jgk gksxk f
d eT cksy jgk gwa vk,j vki lqu gjs gT4 vxj esjh rjG ls yX rks eT ;g ns[ jgk
gwa fd cksyk tk jgk g,4 vxj vki Hh Fks\Lk [;ky djX rks vkidks Gk,ju fn[k
;h i\Lsxk fd vki ns[us okys ihNs [\Ls gT vk,j vkids Hhrj dksB eu g, tks lqu
jgk g,4 vHh eT cksy jgk gwa] Sd {< dks Hh vxj ml rjG [;ky tkS rks v
kidks ¬i‘I fn[k;h i\Lsxk fd vki lqu jgs gT] bldks Hh tkuus okyk vkids Hhr
j Sd r®o ek,twn g,4 vki lqu jgs gT] bldk Hh cks/ djus okyk Sd r®o ek,tw
n g,] tks vyx [\Lk gqvk g,4
ml r®o dh rjG ÷;ku fodflr gks] ml r®o dh rjG fn'k pys rks vkidh
/eZ dh rjG fn'k gksxh4 vk,j ftl fnu vki ml r®o dks [kst yXxs] ml fnu
vki eafnj eX izfo‘I gks tkSaxs4 ml fnu vki ijek®ek ds lkeus [\Lk gks tkSaxs4
vHh bu edkukX eX er [kstrs fGjs] ftudks geus eafnjkX ds uke ns j[s gT4 ge
cgqr ikxy gT] ge phtkX ij Hh yscy yxk nsrs gT] edkukX ij Hh yxk nsrs gT
3dksB ef¬tn dk] dksB eafnj dk4 os lc edku gT4 eafnj rks Hhrj g, vk,j ije
k®ek ogka g, vk,j ogka [ksyus dh eT vkidks pkch dg jgk gwa3tkxX vk,j lk{h Hk
o dks] tks vyx g, ges'k4 tc jkr vki lksus tkrs gT rks [ky djX] Sd ø;fDr
lks jgk g, vk,j vkids Hhrj Sd r®o g, tks tku jgk g, fd dksB lksus tk jgk
g,4 tc Hw[ yxrh g, rc vki ns[X] fopkj djX] le>X rks vkidks fn[k;h i\Lsxk]
Sd ry ij Hw] yx jgh g,] nwljs ry ij dksB ns[ jgk g, fd Hw[ yx jgh g,
4 Hw[ yxus dks dks tkuk tk jgk g,4
nks fn'kSa eTus vkils dgC3Sd lq[ dh [kst dh fn'k g, vk,j Sd nq[ ds ewy
dkj< dks feIkus dh fn'k g,4 nq[ dk ewy dkj< eTus dgk] vk®e7vKku4 vk,j ÷
;ku dk eTus vFZ vkils dgk] ml r®o ds izfr ltx gksuk tks gekjs Hhrj iz®;s

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
d f¬Ffr eX Kkrk g,] iz®;sd f¬Ffr eX uksvj g,] iz®;sd f¬Ffr eX Kku g, vk,j iz®
;sd f¬Ffr eX dsoy tku jgk g,4 ;g tkuuk gh vk®ek dk ¬oWi g,4 ;g Kku3;
g dsoy Kku ek_ gh vk®ek dk ¬oWi g,4 ;gh psruk dk izk< g,] bls] bl fn'
k eX dqN xfr djXxs~~~vk,j ßlk u lkspX4
yksx eq>ls dgrs gT] c\Lh dfOu ckr dj jgs gT4 blls ljy vk,j dksB ckr ugC
gks ldrh] D;kXfd l®; ls ljy vk,j D;k gks ldrk g,` vl®; dfOu gksrk g,]
tfIy gksrk g,4 l®; ls ljy vk,j D;k gksxk` ;g fcydqy ljy ckr g,] ;g fc
ydqy lh/h ckr g,4 vxj ;g dfOu ekywe gksxh rks dfOurk vkids eu eX dgC
gksxh4 vxj ;g tfIy ekywe gksrh g, rks dksB iwoZ /kj<kSa cuh gkXxh ftuds d
kj< tfIy ekywe gksrh gkXxh4 vxj eu dh lkjh /kj<kvkX dks Sd {< vyx
dj nX] vius lh[s gqS fl0kar Sd rjG j[ nX rks lh/s tks eT dg jgk gwa] ml
ds rƒ; ij] mlds G,DI ij fopkj djX rks vkidks ¬o;a fn[k;h i\Lsxk fd lh/h
vk,j ljy ckr g,4 vk,j thou eX l®; dks ik;k tk ldrk g, vk,j iz®;sd ik ld
rk g,4 ;g dqN pqus gqS yksxkX dk] dksB pwtsu ©;w] mudk vf/dkj ugC g,4 l®;
lcdk vf/dkj g,] iz®;sd dk ¬oWifl0 vf/dkj g,4 vk,j vxj ge u ik ldX
rks gekjs vfrfjDr vk,j dksB ftéesnkj ugC gksxk4 vk,j dksB ftéesnkj ugC gksxk]
mRjnkf;®o gekjk g,4 bl mRjnkf;®o dks le>X] fopkj djX] thou eX iz;ksx
djX] bldh izkFZuk djrk gwa4
esjh ckrkX dks brus izse vk,j 'kafr ls lquk] mlds fyS cgqr vuqxzgh gwa vk,j lc
ls var eX] lc ds Hhrj c,Os ijek®ek dks iz<ke djrk gwa] esjs iz<ke ¬ohdkj d
jX4
?kIdksij] cacB] fnukad ¡§ viz,y] ¡ª§§
¬o;a dh [kst
chrs nks fnukX eX ¬o;a dh [kst ds fyS dqN ckrX eTus vkils dgC4 igys fnu eTus
vkils dgk] geX bl ckr dk ¬ej< Hh ugC g, fd ge gT4 gekjh lRk dk cks/
Hh geX ugC g,4vk,j ftls ;g Hh irk u gks og g,] mlds thou] mlds Hfo‘;
mldh miyfç/;kX dk ;fn ;g Hh cks/ ugC gks fd eT gwa rks thou eX vk,j D;k
gks ldsxk` fGj rks dksB Hh thou eX xfr vk,j fodkl ugC gks ldrk4 lcls i
gyh ckr rks ;g gksxh fd eT tkuwa fd eT gwa4
vk,j eT vkils dgk] ;g cgqr vkæp;Ztud g, fd geX bldk ¬ej< Hh ugC vkrk
4 thou chr tkrk g, vk,j geX irk Hh ugC pyrk fd ge Fs4
Sd ø;fDr ds ckcr eTus lquk g,3;g ckr fufæpr gh vly gksxh3eTus lquk g, f
d tc og ej x;k] rc mls irk pyk fd eT Vtnk Fk4 ysfdu ;g lc ø;fDr;
kX ds ckcr lp g,4 tc ge ejus yxXxs rks irk pysxk fd thou gkF eX Fk vk,j
ugC g,4 ysfdu ge gT] tc thou gekjs gkF g, rks ge nwljs dkekX eX brus ø;¬
r gT fd thou dk geX cks/ ugC gks ikrk4 ge thus eX brus ø;¬r gT fd thou

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
dk geX irk ugC py ikrk4 ge thus eX brus †;knk my>s gqS gT fd og tks th
ou dk dX– g,] vifjfpr jg tkrk g,4 bl laca/ eTus vkils dgk fd ;g cgqr iz
kFfed cks/ g,] tks euq‘; dks thou ds fodkl dh rjG] m®d"Z dh rjG] tho
u ds vuqHo dh rjG ys tkS4 ¬ej< vkuk pkfgS fd eT gwa4
Sd rks gekjs dke dh nqfu;k g,] tks ge dj jgs gT] vk,j Sd gekjk gksuk g,] t
ks ge gT4 Sd rks gekjh Lwbax vk,j dkekX dk txr g, vk,j Sd gekjs chbax dk]
gekjs gksus dh vk,j gekjh lRk dh nqfu;k g,4 ge lkjs yksx dke dh gh nqfu;k
eX lekîr gks tkrs gT vk,j mls ugC tku irs tks fd gekjk gksuk g,4 ge dke d
jrs gT] vk,j dke djrs gT] vk,j dke djrs gT] vk,j dke djrs gqS lekîr gks t
krs gT4 ysfdu ;g dk,u Fk tks dke ds Hhrj th jgk Fk` ;g dk,u Fk tks lc
dke ds ihNs [\Lk Fk` ;g dk,u Fk ftlus lkjs dke fdS vk,j lkjs dk ns[s` m
ldh rjG gekjh vka[X ugC mO ikrh gT4
eTus vkidks dgk fd mldh rjG vka[X u mOX rks thou eX dksB vkuan laHo ugC
g,] D;kXfd vkuan dk Ûksr rks ogka g,4 vk,j mldh vksj vka[X u mOX rks nq[ ls
eqDr gksuk vlaHo g,] D;kXfd nq[ g, flGZ blhfyS fd gekjh vka[X mldh rjG
ugC gT4 t,ls dksB vkneh lwjt dh rjG ihO dj ys vk,j Hkxrk tkS vk,j Hkx
rk tkS] mldh Nk;k mlds lkeus i\Lsxh] va/sjk mlds lkeus gksxk vk,j og jksS
vk,j fp¥ykS fd esjs thou eX va/sjk g,] va/sjk g,] eT D;k dWa` vk,j Hkxrk t
kS] ysfdu lwjt dh vksj vka[X u mOkS rks mlds thou ls va/sjk ugC feIsxk4
og yk[ mik; djs vk,j gtkjkX ehy dh ;k_kSa djX] Nk;k mlds lkeus gh i\Lr
h jgsxh4 ftlds ihNs lwjt gks mlds lekus Nk;k i\Lsxh] vk,j tks lwjt dh vksj
vka[X mOk ys mlds fyS Nk;k foyhu gks tkSxh vk,j thou izdk' ls Hj tkSxk
4
g, dksB lwjt gekjs Hhrj3gekjh lrk dk4 mldh rjG vka[X mOkuh gT4 ysfdu
igyh ckr gksxh fd ge tkuX fd ge gT4 ml laca/ eX eTus igys fnu vkils ckrX
dC4 nwljs fnu eTus bl laca/ eX ckr dh fd ;g eT dk,u gaw bldks ge [kstX4 d,
ls [kstXxs4 rks eTus vkils dgk] ∂e'A6 tks ge ugC gT mls tkuus ls mldh rjG
c\PXxs tks ge gT4 vxj ge Ohd ls tkurs pys tkS fd ;g eT ugC gwa] 'jhj eT
ugC gwa] eu eT ugC gwa] fopkj eT ugC gwa] rks /hjs7/hjs ge mldh rjG tkSaxs t
ks ge gT4 nks gh ckrX eg®oiw<Z gT3;g tkuuk fd eT gwa] vk,j fGj ;g [kst ysuk
fd eT dk,u gwa4 vkt eT bl laca/ eX dgwaxk fd ;g [kst d,ls fpR dh Hwfedk eX
gks ldrh g,4
vkius esjh ckrX lquh] vusd yksx eq>ls dgrs gT] ;g rks cgqr dfOu g,4 vc Sd
vkneh gks] Sd fdlku gks] cht mls ns fn;k tkS vk,j og igk\L ij pyk tkS
vk,j pÈku ij cht dks cksus yxs vk,j fGj okfil yk,Idj vkS fd cht rks t
y tkrs gT] ik,/s rks fudyrs ugC4 ;s cht dfOu g,] cgqr dOksj gT] buls dksB f

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
udysxk ugC4 rks mls D;k dgXxs` ge dgXxs fd cht cksS dgka Fs` dgC fdlh
pÈku ij cksus rks ugC pys xS Fs` cht rks c\Ls dksey Fs4 cht ls rks vadqj fu
dyus dks izfr {< m®lqd Fk4 ogka rks cht dks Gks\Ldj izk< fudyus dks ckgj
G,yus dh vkdka{k ls Hjs Fs4 ogka rks cht ds Hhrj tks vk®ek c,Oh Fh og lwjt
dh rjG mOus dks ykykf;r Fh4 ysfdu cht Lkys dgka Fs` vxj cht i®Fj i
j cksS xS Fs] iFjhyh tehu ij] rks Gy ugC ykSaxs4 rks eTus tks ckr dgC] o
g dfOu ekywe gks ldrh g,] vxj eu dh Hwfe iFjhyh gks] i®FjkX ls Hjh gks6
rks dfOu gks tkSxh4 rks eu dh Hwfe pkfgS mitkM4
eu dk [sr d,ls mitkM cu tkS mlds ckcr vkt ckr dWaxk4 cht ds ckcr
eTus vkils ckr dh] cht dks cksus dh vkdka{k ds ckcr ckr dh] ysfdu vyx
[sr ds ckcr ckr u dWa rks ckr v/wjh gks tkSxh4 vkt eT vkils ckr djuk
pkgwaxk fd fdl [sr eX ;g cht cksS tk ldrs gT` eu d,lk gks] rc ;g miy
fç/ gks ldrh g,4 fpR d,lk gks] fpR Hh Hwfedk d,lh gks fd fufæpr gh ;g c
gqr ljy gks tkrk g,4 vc cht dks dksB fdlku cksrk g, rks [Cp7[Cpdj mleX
ls vadqj Fks\Ls gh fudkyus i\Lrs gT2 cl] tehu eX cks nsus i\Lrs gT] tehu gks m
itkM] vadqj rks vius vki vk tkSxk4 vadqj dks [Cpdj fudkyuk ugC i\Lrk4
l®; dks Hh [Cpdj i,nk ugC djuk gksrk4 og rks vk tkSxk] Sd nGk Hwfe r,
;kj gks4 vk,j eT vkidks dg nwa] gekjs eu dh Hwfe cgqr iFjhyh g,] cgqr i®Fj
gT mleX4 vk,j ;s i®Fj fdlh vk,j us Lkys gksrs rks Hh dksB ckr Fh] ;s i®Fj
geus gh Lkys gqS gT4 ;s tehu geus gh iFjhyh dj yh g,4 geus gh bleX i®Fj
yk ykdj bdØs dj fnS gT vk,j vusd7vusd rjg ds i®Fj gT4 d,ls ;s i®Fj
vyx gks ldrs gT] D;k ;s i®Fj gT] mlds ckcr vkt vkils dgwaxk4
igyh ckr3tks eu cgqr †;knk 'çnkX ls Hjk gks] og eu l®; dks ugC tk ld
rk4 tks fpR 'çnkX ls cgqr Hjk gks] og fpR l®; dks ugC tku ldrk4 'çn l
cls †;knk i®Fj t,lh pht g, tks eu ij te tkS rks fGj dqN Hh ugC gks ld
rk4 vk,j ge lcds eukX eX cgqr 'çn c,Os gqS gT4 'çnkX us gekjs eukX dks fcydq
y Nk fy;k g,4 vxj vki vius Hhrj [kstXxs rks 'çnkX ds flok; vk,j D;k ikSa
xs` vxj vki vius Hhrj [kstus tkSaxs rks 'çn feyXxs] vk,j 'çn feyXxs] vk,j
'çn feyXxs vk,j 'çnkX dh geus ßlh iwtk dh g, fd tks vkneh 'çn j[s gqS gT]
ftlds ikl cgqr 'çn gT] tks cgqr 'çnkX dk iz;ksx dj ldrk g,] mldk ge cgq
r vknj djrs gT4 mldks ge iafLr dgrs gT] mldks fo}ku dgrs gT] mldks Kkuh
dgrs gT4 'çn dk ftlds ikl cgqr laxzg g,] ge dgrs gT og Kkuh g,4 tc fd
eT vkils dgwa] tks vius Hhrj fuA'çn gks tkrk g,] dsoy ogh Kku dks miyç/
gksrk g,4 'çnkX ls dksB Kkuh ugC gksrk4 'çnkX dh bl [ksys ds Hhrj vKku ek,
twn jgrk g,4 ;s 'çn Mij ls fpidkS xS gqS gT4 lc 'çn geus ckgj ls lh[s
gqS gT4 dksB 'çn vkids Hhrj ls vk;k gqvk ugC g,4 ;k fd vki lksprs gT fd

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
dksB 'çn vkids Hhrj ls vk;k gqvk g,` lc 'çn vkius ckgj ls lh[s gT4 tks
vkidks fl[k fn;k x;k g,] mu 'çnkX us vkids eu dks ?sj fy;k g,4
dksB vkneh Vgnw g,] dksB eqlyeku g,] dksB t,u g,4 ;g D;k g,` D;k dksB vkne
h Vgnw gksrk g,] dksB eqlyeku gksrk g,` ;g 'çnkX dk Hsn g,4 Sd rjg ds 'çn
fdlh dks fl[k fnS xS gT] og t,u g,4 nwljh rjg ds 'çn fdlh dks fl[k fnS
xS gT] og eqlyeku g,4 rhljh rjg ds 'çn fdlh dks fl[k fnS xS gT] og V
gnw g,4 vk,j gtkj rjg ds 'çnkX dh vo¬Fk g,] og geus lh[ fyS gT4 ;s 'çn
gekjs Hhrj c,O tkrs gT vk,j tc Hh ge fopkj djrs gT] tc Hh ge lksprs gT
rks og fopkj ¬ora_ ugC gks ikrk] bu 'çnkX ls ca/k gqvk gks tkrk g,4 bu 'çnkX
ls 'qW gksrk g, gekjk lc Vpru] gekjk lc fopkj4
'çn ls izkjaH gqvk Vpru vl®; gksrk g,4 'çn ls ca/k gqvk Vpru vl®; gksrk
g,] feƒ;k gksrk g,] D;kXfd vFZ gh ;g gqvk fd igys ls lh[s gqS 'çnkX ds ?sjs eX
?weus yxrs gT4 'çn dh c\Lh ijra_rk g,4 vk,j D;k eT vkidks dgwa] euq‘; ds bf
rgkl eX ftruh bl ijra_rk us euq‘; dks ih\Lk nh g,] nq[ fn;k g,] vk,j fdlh
ijra_rk us ugC fn;k4 ftruh g®;kSa vk,j VglkSa vk,j ftrus vukpkj gqS gT] b
u 'çnkX ds dkj<] vkbfL;ksykbt ds dkj<] laiznk;kX ds dkj<] fl0karkX ds dkj
< gqS gT4
euq‘; vk,j euq‘; ds chp 'çn ds vfrfjDr vk,j dksB nhokj ugC g,4 vk,j ;g xq
ykeh bruh xgjh g, fd bldk geX irk Hh ugC pyrk fd ge fdügC 'çnkX ds
xqyke gT4 vHh jke ds 'çn ds fojks/ eX dqN dg nwa4 vkids izk< fryfeyk tkSa
xs3Sd 'çn ds fojks/ eX dqN dg nwa4 vxj eT Î‘< ds fojks/ eX dqN dg nwa rks
vkids izk< fryfeyk tkSaxs3Sd 'çn ds fojks/ eX4 vxj eT ∂kb¬I dks dqN d
g nwa] egkohj dks dqN dg nwa rks vkids izk< fryfeyk tkSaxs4 Sd 'çn ds fojks
/ eX vkids izk< dai tkSaxs4 Sd 'çn vkids Mij bruk izHkoh g,4 Sd 'çn v
kidks id\L ys ldrk g, vk,j vkidh tku fyok ys ldrk g,4 Sd NksIk lk 'çn
vk,j vk,j vkids izk<kX dks cka/s jgrk g,4 yksgs dh tathjX bruh l“r ugC gksrh f
truk fpR ij 'çnkX dh tathjX gks tkrh gT4
esjs Sd fe_ tsy eX can Fs4 yk,Idj3eT Sd 'çnkX dh muls ckr dj jgk Fk3o
g eq>ls dgus yxs] ßlh Sd ?Iuk tsy eX ?Ih4 Sd d,nh muds lkF Fk4 vktk
nh ds fnukX dh ckr gksxh] Sd d,nh Hh muds lkF Fk4 ml d,nh dh c\Lh “;kfr
Fh] og d,lh Hh tathj dks rks\L ldrk Fk] d,lh Hh tathj dks] vk,j rks\Ldj f
n[k nsrk Fk4 vk,j d,lh Hh nhoky Gkandj Hkx ldrk Fk4 mlus vius tsyj d
ks dgk Hh] vxj eq>s ;g foæokl fnyk;k tkS fd eq>s okil ugC id\Lk tkS r
ks vki lkjk vk;kstu dj yks] eT rhu fnu ds Hhrj tsy ds ckgj gks tkMa4 vk,j
o,lh mldh lkeƒ;Z Fh4 esjs fe_ Hh ogka Fs4 os jkst lqcg c,Odj izkFZuk djkrs
Fs] os jke7jke dk ti djkrs Fs4 ml d,nh dks Hh mügkXus dgk] rqe Hh ml t

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
i eX vk;k djks4 mlus dgk] jke7jke ds te eX2 og Fk eqlyeku4 rks og eq>
ls dgus yxk fd og yksgs dh tathj rks\L ldrk Fk] ysfdu jke7jke ds ti eX
ugC c,O ldrk Fk4 mlds eu eX rks dksB vk,j nwljs 'çn c,Os gqS Fs4 jke dk t
i4
vHh Sd t,u lk/q esjs ikl esgeku Fs4 og lqcg mOs vk,j eq>ls dgus yxs] eq>s
>su eafnj tkuk g,4 eTus dgk] fdlfyS` D;k dke g,` og dgus yxs] vki Hh
D;k iwNrs gT` eafnj dksB fdlfyS tkrk g,` ogka ÷;ku dWaxk] 'kafr ls c,Owaxk]
vk®e7¬ej< dWaxk] Sdkar eX lkekf;d dWaxk] blfyS tkuk pkgrk gwa4 eTus d
gk] vki lp cksy jgs gT` blfyS tkuuk pkgrs gT` mügkXus dgk] eT >wO D;kX cks
ywaxk` blhfyS tkuk pkgrk gwa4 rks eTus dgk] ;gka dk >su eafnj tks g,] og rks
cktkj g,4 ogka c\Lh Hh\LHk\L g,] 'ksj7xqy g,4 esjs ikl eX Sd ppZ g,] c\Lk vdsy
k g, vk,j brokj dk fnu gksus ls ogka dksB ugC vkrk] D;kXfd Blkb;kX dk /eZ r
ks flGZ brokj ds fnu g,] vk,j fdlh fnu rks gksrk ugC4 rks ogka ppZ eX pys p
yX4 ogka dksB Hh ugC g,] c\Lk lUkIk g,] c\Lk vdsyk g,] c\Lk cxhpk g,4 ogh v
iuk ÷;ku djX] ogC viuk vk®e7¬ej< djX4
mügkXus dgk] ppZ2 vki dgrs D;k g,` rks eTus muls dgk] rks fGj vki >wO gh
dgrs gkXxs fd eT vk®e7¬ej< ds fyS tkuk pkgrk gwa4 vki t,u eafnj tkuk pkg
rs gkXxs] og 'çn c\Lk ew¥;oku g,4 vk®e7¬ej< ds fyS rks ppZ eX Hh c,O ldrs
gT] unh ds fdukjs Hh c,O ldrs gT4 t,u eafnj eX D;k ysuk nsuk g,` ;k Vgnw eaf
nj ls ;k ef¬tn ls ;k ppZ ls D;k ysuk7nsuk g,` ugC] ysfdu Sd 'çn gekjs e
u eX c\Lk xgjk gks tkuk g, vk,j 'çn dks ge id\Ldj c,O tkrs gT4 vk,j ge lc
'çnkX dks id\Ldj c,Os gT4 vk,j tks Hh 'çn dks id\Ldj c,Ok g,] og l®; rd
d,ls tkSxk` d,ls tk ldrk g,` l®; rd izos' ds fyS tWjh g, fd lc 'çn
Nks\L fnS tkS] lkjs 'çnkX dh id\L Nks\L nh tkS] rHh ;k_k gks ldrh g, ml
txr eX] rHh ge ¬o;a eX izfo‘I gks ldrs gT4
vki eq>s ugC id\Ls gqS gT] lekt fdlh dks ugC id\Ls gqS gT] ysfdu lekt ls
iznR 'çn] fl0kar] fopkj] 'k¬_] og euq‘; ds eu dks td\Ls gqS gT4 ogC ge
?wers gqS jg tkrs gT dks¥gw ds c,y dh rjg4 mügC7mügC 'çnkX dks thou Hj nks
gjkrs jg tkrs gT vk,j muls Mij mOus dk [;ky ugC vkrk4 'çn fdlus fnS
gT` 'çn rks lekt us fnS gT4 'çn rks nwljs us fnS gT ysfdu ek,u` ek,u fdlus
fn;k g,` fuA'çnrk fdlus nh g,` fdlh us Hh ugC nh4 og vkids ¬oWi dk fg¬
lk g,4 tks fdlh us ugC fn;k g,] mls gh [kstus ls ¬o;a dk irk pysxk] D;kXfd ¬
o;a dk l®; fdlh dk fn;k gqvk ugC g,4 ;g ¬o;a dh lRk fdlh dh nh gqB ug
C g,4 vkids Mij fdlh dk +< ugC g, blds fyS4 ;g vkidh viuh g,] fut
g,4 bl fut dh lRk dks tkuuk gks rks ij ls] nwljkX ls] vü;kX ls fnS xS 'çn
ck/k gks tkSaxs] QdkoI gks tkSaxs4

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
Sd lk/q Sd fnu lqcg7lqcg unh eX ¬uku djus dks mrjk gksxk4 vHh lwjt fu
dyk Hh ugC Fk vk,j rkjs Hh vkdk' eX Fs4 og ¬uku dj jgk g, vk,j ikl eX
gh ns[k] Sd vkneh LkXxh ij] NksIh uko ij lokj gqvk g,4 LkXxh dks [s jgk g,]
vk,j ikuh eX ys tkus dh dksf'' dj jgk g,4 ysfdu c\Lh nsj gks x;h mls irok
j pykrs] vk,j LkXxh g, fd ogC vIdh g,4 ml vkneh us fp¥ykdj iwNk laü;klh
dks fd ckr D;k g,] ;g LkXxh ;gh Qdh D;kX g,` eT bls xgjs eX ys tkuk pkgrk
gwa4 ml laü;klh us dgk] tgka rd eT lksprk gwa] rqe mldh tathj [ksyuk Hwy x
S gks4 rqe irokj rks GXd jgs gks] tksj ls pyk jgs gks ysfdu uko dh tathj f
dukjs ls ca/h gksxh4 og vkneh uhps mrjk] ns[k uko fdukjs ls ca/h g,4
ge lc Hh [suk pkgrs gT] l®; ds xgjs lkxj eX tkuk pkgrs gT] ;k_k djuk p
kgrs gT] vk®ek vk,j ijek®ek ls ifjfpr gksuk pkgrs gT thou ds vFZ dks] vfHiz
k; dks tkuuk pkgrs gT] ysfdu gekjs fpR dh tks tathj g,] og fdukjs ls ca/h
g,4 'çnkX ds fdukjs ls ca/h g,4 fdukjs unh ugC gT4 tgka fdukjkX dks Nks\L nsrk g,]
ogh dksB izokg eX vkrk g,4 fdukjs rks t\L gT vk,j unh dk izokg thfor g,4 th
ou rks thfor izokg g, vk,j mlds pkjkX rjG tks 'çn ds Gwy cu tkrs] fdukjs
cu tkrs gT4 mu fdukjkX ij vIds jgus ls dqN gksxk ugC4 ysfdu ge lc Qds
gT4 ge lc Ogjs gqS gT4 tc lksprs Hh gT fd geX l®; ikuk g, rks bu 'çnkX ds
fdlh ?sjs ij lksprs gT4
Sd eqlyeku esjs ikl vkrk g,] og eq>ls dHh ugC iwNrk fd iqutZüe gksrk g,
fd ugC` mldh fdrkc eX fy[k gqvk ugC g,4 Sd Vgnw vkrk g,] og iwNrk g,]
iqutZüe gksrk g, ;k ugC` mldh fdrkc eT fy[k gqvk g,4 Sd t,u eq>ls iwNrk
g,] vk®ek D;k g,` ysfdu t,u eq> ls dHh ugC iwNrk fd Û‘Ik ijek®ek D;k g,
` mldh fdrkc eX fy[k gqvk ugC g,4 Sd ck,0 esjs ikl vkrk g,] og ugC iwN
rk] vk®ek D;k g,` og iwNrk g,] vuk®ek D;k g,` mldh fdrkc eX vk®ek ugC
fy[h gqB g,] vk®ek fy[h gqB g,4 tks ftldh fdrkc eX fy[k gqvk g,] ml dh
iwNrk g,4
;s fdrkc ls mOs gqS izæu ok¬rfod ugC gT4 ;g 'çnkX ls ca/k gqvk fdukjk g,4 o
k¬rfod izæu vxj gkXxs rks Vgnw dk] eqlyeku dk] BlkB dk vyx7vyx d,ls gks
ldrk g,` og rks thou dk gksxk vk,j lcdk gksxk vk,j leku gksxk4 ok¬rfod
le¬;k euq‘; dh gksrh g,4 >wOh le¬;k fdrkc dh gksrh g,] 'çn dh gksrh g,4
bu >wOh le¬;kvkX dks ysdj tks [kst eX fudyrs gT] os rks dHh ugC igqap ldrs
4 vusd yksx eq>ls dgrs gT] ge Bæoj dks [kst jgs gT4 eT muls dgrk gwa] ftl
dk rqégX irk gh ugC g,] mldks [kstksxs d,ls` d,ls [kstksxs` fdlh fdrkc eX i\P
fy;k gksxk] Bæoj g,] [kstus fudy i\Ls dksB eq>ls dgrk g,] ge vk®ek dks [ks
tus pys gT4 ftl vk®ek dk rqégX irk ugC g,] mls [kstksxs d,ls` D;kX [kstus py
i\Ls gks` fdlh us dg fn;k g,] blfyS` ugC] tc thou dh [qn dh le¬;k v

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
k,j î;kl txrh g,] vk,j thou ds rƒ; [qn fn[k;h i\Lus 'qW gksrs gT vk,j vius7
vki vKku dk cks/ gksrk g,3fdlh us dgus ls ugC] cf¥d thou ds vuqHo ls6
tc fn[rk g, fd eT Sdne vKku ds f?jk gqvk gwa] eq>s dqN Hh irk ugC] esjs
gksus dk irk ugC] eq>s vius thou dk dksB dwy7fdukjk irk ugC] eq>s dksB fn
'k dk vuqeku ugC] eq>s thou ds fdlh vk;ke dk] fdlh ?sjs dk dksB laidZ u
gC4 eT ;g d,lk gwa` ;g esjh D;k f¬Ffr g,` tc ;g ih\Lk euq‘; dks id\Lrh g,
rks mldh ftKklk 'çnkX dh ugC gksrh g,] l®; dh gks tkrh g,4 'çnkX dh ftKkl
k euq‘; dks iafLr cuk ldrh g,] ysfdu izKkoku ugC4 vk,j iafLr bl txr eX
lcls c\Lh ck/k g, izKk rd mOus eX3[qn ds fyS] [qn ds fyS ck/k g,4 'çn m
lus lh[ fyS vk,j mügC dks nksgjkrk jgsxk] nksgjkrk jgsxk vk,j 'çnkX ds o1R eX
?werk jgsxk] ?werk jgsxk vk,j [wc rdZ djsxk] [wc fopkj djsxk] ysfdu dgC
igqapsxk ugC] igqap ldrk ugC4
'çn dks Nks\Ldj xfr g,] fdukjs dks Nks\Ldj ;k_k g,4 rks igyh ckr vkils dgu
k pkgwaxk] fpR dks 'çnkX dh nklrk ls eqDr dj yX4 'çnkX dh tathjkX ls ca/k gq
vk fpR dHh Hh l®; dks ugC tku ldsxk4 fGj pkgs os tathjX fdlh dh gkX3os
nkar dh gkX] fd ck,0 /eZ dh gks] fd t,u /eZ dh gkX] os 'çn dh tathjX eu dks
id\LX jgXxh] rc rd dgC vki tk ugC ldrs4 cgqr lkgl pkfgS tathjX rks\L
nsus dks4 D;kXfd vki dgXxs] tathjX rks\L nsus dks D;k lkgl pkfgS` cgqr dfOu
g, tathj dks rks\L nsuk4 blfyS dfOu g, fd /hjs7/hjs tathj dks Hh ge izse dj
us yxrs gT4 og Hh gekjs thou dk fg¬lk gks tkrh g,4 og Hh gekjh ifjfpr g
ks tkrh g, vk,j yxus yxrk g,] blds fcuk d,ls th ldXxs` d,ls th ldXxs`
ogka Ìkal eX jk†; ∂kafr gqB rks os¬Ihy us fdys eX cgqr ls d,nh can Fs4 ∂kafrdkf
j;kX us lkspk] lcls igys t,ls gh muds gkF eX lRk vk;h fd tkSa vk,j os¬Ihy
ds fdys dks rks\L nX vk,j d,fn;kX dks eqDr dj nX4 mügkXus lkspk] ge c\Lk dke d
jus tk jgs gT4 ßlk Hze cgqr yksxkX dks id\Lrk g,3cq0 dks di\Lk] egkohj dks]
lqdjkr dks] ∂kb¬I dks4 ßlk Hze cgqr yksxkX dks id\Lrk g, fd tkSa vk,j d,fn;
kX dks eqDr dj nX4 ∂kafrdfj;kX dks Hh id\Lk fd tkS vk,j d,fn;kX dks eqDr dj
nX4 d,nh fdrus izlU gks tkSaxs2 og xS vk,j mügkXus tkdj nhoky rks\L nh vk,j
d,fn;kX ls dgk] tkvks] rqe eqDr gks4 izlU gksvks] ukpks vk,j dwnks vk,j xkvks] vk
uafnr gksvks4 ysfdu d,nh c\Ls ?cjkSa gqS [\Ls Fs fd og dg D;k jgs gT` ogka rks
lcls iqjkus t?ü; vijk/h j[s tkrs Fs ftügX vkthou dh d,n gksrh Fh4 dksB
chl o"Z dh mez eX vk;k Fk vk,j v¬lh o"Z gks x;k Fk4 lkO lky] gkF dh ta
thjX og Hwy x;k Fk fd gkF ls vyx gT4 lkO lky2 tathjX gkF eX FC vk,j gk
F eX jgh FC4 Hwy gh x;k Fk fd gkF ls vyx gT4 t,ls gkF eX vius] o,ls gh
tathj Hh viuh gks x;h Fh4 lquk fd ¬ora_2 lquk fd eqDr2 cgqr csp,u vk,j i
js'ku gks xS4 Sd u;h nqfu;k eX dgka /Dds nsrs gks` cgqr yksxkX us dgk] ge O

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
hd gT4 ge tgka g, ogC Ohd g,4 vki Îik djks] ;s gekjh dksOfj;ka dkGh vπNh
gT4 os fcydqy va/dkj ls Hjh gqB dksOfj;ka FC vk,j gkF7i,j eX tathjX FC4 ysfd
u Hkstu fey tkrk Fk] ogka os i\Ls jgrs Fs4 va/sjs eX vknh gks xS Fs4 ysfdu ∂
kafrdkfj;kX dks rks ikxyiu lokj Fk yksxkX dks eqDr djus dk4 mügkXus rks mudks
/Ddk fn;k vk,j ckgj fudky fn;k] tathjX rq\Lok nC4 ysfdu fdruk nq[n g,]
lka> dks va/s d,nh okil yk,I vkS] vk,j ;g dksB dgkuh guC g,] ;g ßfrgkfld
rƒ; g,4 vk,j mu d,fn;kX us dgk] vki {ek djX] ge ij Îik djX] ge tgka gT
] ogka jgus nX4 ckgj cgqr H; ekywe gksrk g,4
vk,j eT tc vkils dgrk gwa] 'çn dh tathjX rks\L nX] eT tc vkils dgrk gwa] eqD
r gks tkS rks eT tkurk gwa fd o,lh ?cjkgI Hhrj ljdrh gksxh4 d,ls rks\L nX]
d,ls eqDr gks tkSa] ;gh rks gekjh laink g,] ;gh rks ge lc gT] ;gh rks 'k¬_
gekjs izk< gT vk,j dgrs gT Nks\L nX` vk,j budks Nks\Ldj fGj ge dgka tkSaxs`
eT tc cksyrk gwa] rc Hh vkids eu eX vki fglkc fcOkrs jgrs gT fd fdl 'k¬
_ ds vuqdwy g, ;g ckr4 ijlkX ;gka ls fudyk] Sd fe_ us dgk] vki tks dg
jgs gT ogh g, u] tks xhrk eX gT` os larq‘I gks tkuk pkgrs Fs] viuh fdrkc dks
id\Ls jgX4 eTus lkspk] Ohd g,] vk,j eT buls D;k dgwa` ogh g, u tks xhrk eX g,`
vk,j eT rks dqN cksyk gh ugC] mügkXus [qn gh dgk] gka] fcydqy Ohd6 ogh g,4
vk,j os fufæpr pys xS4 og os¬Ihy dk d,nh tks Fk] 'ke dks ?j okil yk,I
vk;k d,n eX4 vk,j mlus dgk] Îik djX4 ;gh rks nqfu;k g,] dgka vki ckrX dj
jgs gT2 vki] tc eT cksy jgk gwa] rc Hh viuh fdrkc ls esy fcOkrs tkrs gT f
d egkohj ¬okeh us ;g dgk g, fd ugC] cq0 us ;g dgk g, fd ugC] ∂kb¬I us
;g dgk g, fd ugC4 vxj ;gh dgk rks fcydqy Ohd g,] vxj ugC dgk rks fG
j cgqr c\Lc\L g,4 fGj vkids 'çnkX eX fnDdr gks tkSxh4 fGj vkidks v\Lpu g
ks tkSxh4 Hhrj fGj esjs 'çn x\Lus yxXxs] ysfdu eT pkgrk gwa fd 'çn x\L tkS
vk,j eT pkgrk gwa fd Hhrj rqyuk u djX4 D;kXfd rqyuk dh fd vki fGj uCn
eX lks tkrs gT4 Sd djoI ys yh vk,j fGj lks xS4 fGj yxk fd fcydqy Ohd
g,] ogh rks g,] tks ge ekurs Fs4 fGj vki lks xS4
ugC] Îik djX] rqyuk er djX] iqjkus 'çnkX ls esy u fcOk yX] cf¥d lkspX4 lkspX
Fks\Lk4 ugC dgrk gwa] xhrk xyr g,4 ugC dgrk gwa] dqjku xyr g,4 ugC dgrk
gwa] dksB xyr g,4 ugC dgrk gwa] dksB lgh g,4 ysfdu ftl fnu vki lc gIkd
j [qn dks tkuXxs] ml fnu tWj ;s lc /eZ'k¬_ l®; gks tkSaxs] ysfdu mdls i
gys ugC4 mlds igys lc vl®; gT4 ftl fnu vki vius futh l®; dks tkuXxs]
ml fnu lc /eZ'k¬_ Sd gh lkF l®; gks tkSaxs4 ysfdu mlds igys lc xyr
g, vkids fyS4 vkids fyS 'çn ls †;knk ugC g,4 mu 'çnkX dks bdØk djrs jgX
xs vk,j mu 'çnkX ls ca/s jgXxs rks dgC Hh tk ugC ldrs4 l®; dh [kst eX] ¬o;a
dh [kst eX 'çnkX ls eqDr gks tkuk igyh 'rZ g,4 eqDr gks tkSa] rks\L nX ;s tat

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
hjX] ;s tathjX fn[k;h ugC i\Lrh4 eu eX [kstXxs rks fn[k;h i\LXxh4 eu eT [kstXxs
rks Kkr gksxk] tathjX c\Lh xgjh gT4
vHh eT vk;k ftl fnu] esjs Sd fe_ Sd fpØh ysdj vkS] ml fpØh eX fdlh
us gfj vkse] gfj vkse] gfj vkse] gfj vkse fy[ fn;k gqvk Fk4 vk,j uhps fy[
fn;k Fk fd vxj blh Hkafr dh nl fpfØ;ka vkius fy[dj nl yksxkX dks ugC
LkyC] rks ¬ej< j[uk fd Hxoku naL nsxk4 vk,j vxj LkyC rks nl fnu ds Hh
rj bldk ykH Hh feysxk4 vc og ?c\Lk xS4 og esjs ikl vkS4 LkDIj gT] i\
Ps7fy[s gT4 vc ßls LkDIj ls ejhtkX dk bykt djokuk c\Lk [rjukd g,4 bueX
foKku dh rks cqf0 ugC g,] bueX lkbal dh rks dksB cqf0 ugC g,] bueX dksB cqf
0 ugC g,4os fpØh ysdj vkS] eTus dgk] ;g rks Ohd g,] ysfdu vkbank3dHh7d
Hh eT chekj i\Lrk Fk4 esjk bykt djrs Fs3vc esjk bykt dHh er djuk4 c
ksy] D;kX` eTus dgk] vkidk fnekx gh vulkbafIfGd g,] vkidk fnekx gh t\L
g,4
?c\Lk D;kX xS bleX` ?c\LkgI gks x;h fd dgC Hxoku naL u ns ns2 Sd7nks 'ç
n] vk,j izk< dkai xS muds4 os nl fpfØ;ka fy[dj ys vkS fd eT fdl7fdlds
irs ij Lky nwa2 Sd 'çn3eT Vgnw gwa vk,j gfj vkse] gfj vkse fy[k gqvk g,4 gk
ykafd mleX v¥ykg7g¥ykg fy[k gqvk gksrk rks csfGdj ls Gk\Ldj GXd nsrs] mü
gX dksB Lj ugC gksrk4 dksB Lj dh ckr u Fh4 Sd eqlyeku Sd Vgnw ds eafnj
dks rks\Ldj GXd nsrk g,4 tjk Hh H;Hhr ugC gksrk] D;kXfd mlds 'çn blds f
ojks/ eX i\Lrs gT4 ysfdu vki] vxj Hxoku dh ew√r dks i,j yx tkS rks izk<
dkai tkSaxs] D;kXfd Hxoku dh ew√r~~~2 vk,j eqlyeku mlh dks rks\Lrs jgs vk,j
os [q' gksrs jgs vk,j vkids izk< dkai tkSaxs4 Sd eqlyeku eafnj dks vkx yxk
ns rks fnDdr ugC gksrh] ysfdu ef¬tn dks vkx yxk ns rks izk< dkai tkSaxs4 D
;kX` Sd 'çn id\L ysrk g,4
Vgnw dks] eqlyeku dks] t,u dks lcdks id\Ls gqS gT4 vk,j ge lc 'çnkX ds xqyke
g, vk,j 'çnkX dh xqykfe;kX eX caIs gqS gT4 vk,j bu xqykfe;kX ds vyx7vyx >aLs
gT4 vk,j bu xqykfe;kX ds vyx7vyx laxOu gT4 vk,j mu xqykfe;kX dks iks"< ns
us ds fyS fujarj izpkj py jgk g,4 lk/q g,] laü;klh gT] iafLr gT] ;g lc py
jgk g, fd og 'çn dh xqykeh u IwIus ikS4
cki cπps ds i,nk gksrs gh mldks xqyke djuk 'qW dj nsrk g,4 fl[kuk 'qW dj
nsrk g, fd rqe dk,u gks` rqégkjk foæokl D;k g,` rqégkjk /eZ D;k g, fd rqe
dk,u gks` rqégkjk foæokl D;k g,` rqégkjk /eZ D;k g,` eafnj dk,u lk g, rqégkjk
` gtkjkX o"k˜ ls pyh vkrh xqykeh dks og vius cπps eX la∂fer dj nsrk g,4
blls c\Lk dksB iki ugC4 ftl ø;fDr dks ¬o;a l®; ikuk gks og ¬ej< j[s fd
nwljs dks l®; ds laca/ eX 'çn u fl[kS] ftKklk fl[kS fd [kstuk] tkuuk] iz
k<kX dks le√ir djuk] [kstuk] vius iwjs izk<kX dks yxk nsuk vk,j tkuus dh dksf

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
'' djuk fd D;k g,2 ysfdu 'çnkX dks er lh] ysuk nwljkX ds4 nwljkX ds 'çn l
h[s gqS rksrkX dh Hkafr gks tkrs gT vk,j mudks ge nksgjkrs jgrs gT4
eTus lquk g, fd 'adj] vkpk;Z 'adj tc eaLu feJ ds ikl fookn djus dks igqa
ps] xkao eX og og izfo‘I gqS vk,j mügkXus yksxkX ls iwNk fd eaLu dk Hou dgka
g,` dqSa ij f¬_;ka ikuh HjrC FC4 mügkXus dgk] ;g Hh dksB iwNus dh ckr g,`
eaLu dh dh√r rks nwj7nwj fnxar eX ø;kîr gks jgh g,4 mlds edku dk Hh dksB
irk yxkuk g,` fGj Hh 'adj us dgk] d,ls eT igpkuwaxk brus c\Ls uxj eX fd
eaLu dk Hxoku dgka g,` f¬_;kX us dgk] tkvks] ftl Hou ds vklikl i{h Hh
osn ds ea_kX dk mπpkj djrs gkX] le> ysuk fd eaLu dk Hou vk x;k4 c\Lh
iz'alk eX mu f¬_;kX us dgk fd ftlds vklikl i{h Hh osn ds ea_kX dk mπpkj
djrs gkX] le> ysuk fd eaLu dk Hou vk x;k4
ysfdu nq[ rks ;g g, fd i{h gh vxj osn ds ea_ dk mπpkj djrs gkX rks Hh O
hd] vkneh Hh if{;kX dh Hkafr osn ds ea_kX dk mπpkjdj jgs gT4 iafLr Hh ogh
dj jgs gT4 lh[s gqS 'çn gT] mudks nksgjkS pys tk jgs gT] mudks nksgjkS pys
tk jgs gT4 ;g euq‘; dh t\Lrk dh lwpuk g,] mlds Kku dh ugC4 t\L tks cqf0
gksrh g,] og nwljkX dks iquQDr djrh g,4 vk,j tks psru cqf0 gksrh g,] og ¬o;a
eX izfo‘I gksrh g, vk,j fdlh ek,fyd thou ds vk/kj dks [kstus dh ps‘Ik djr
h g,4 'çn ij psru ø;fDr Qdrk ugC] t\L ø;fDr Qd tkrk g,4og bfL;kfId e
kbaL dk y{< g,4 og t\L cqf0 dk y{< g,] og 'çn ij Qd tkrk g,4 'çn d
ks id\L ysrk g,] 'çn dks ;kn dj ysrk g, vk,j mldks nksgjkus yxrk g,] vk,j fG
j nksgjkus eX etk vkus yxrk g,4 D;kXfd ftruk †;knk nksgjkrk g,] mruk vk,j
vπNk nksgjkus yxrk g,4 ftruk vk,j vπNk nksgjkrk g,] lqfo/kiw<Z gks tkrk g,4
/hjs7/hjs mls yxrk g,] ;gh l®; g,4 D;k vki lcdks Hh] ge lcdks Hh ßlk g
h ugC yx jgk g,` ftu 'çnkX dks ge ckj7ckj lqurs vk,j nksgjkrs gT os l®; ek
ywe gksrs gT4 SLks¥G fgIyj us viuh vk®edFk eX Sd opu fy;k g,] cgqr vFZ
iw<Z g,4 fgIyj vius vk®edFk eX Sd NksIk lk opu fy[k g,] fdlh Hh vl®;
dks ckj7ckj nksgjkvks] /hjs7/hjs og l®; gks tkrk g,4 fdlh Hh vl®; dk [wc
izpkj djks] yksxkX ds eu eX iquQDr gksus nks] iquQDr gksrs7gksrs gh og mügX l®
; ekywe gksus yxsxk4
D;k geus gtkjkX ßlh gh ckrkX dks ¬ohdkj ugC dj fy;k g,] ftügX ge ugC tku
rs fd os l®; gT] ;k vl®;` D;k fdlh cgqr xgjs izpkj vk,j izksisxaLk us gekjs
eukX eX dqN 'çn izfo‘I ugC dj fnS gT` flok; blds vk,j gekjh laifR D;k g,
` gekjs fpR dh vk,j laifR D;k g, flok; izpkfjr 'çnkX ds`
mUhl lk, lUg eX ∂kafr gks x;h Wl eX4 ogka tks yksx gqdwer eX vkS] muds 'ç
nkX dk i,IuZ vk,j Pkapk nwljk Fk4 iqjkuk 'çnkX dk Pkapk Fk Bæoj] mudk Pkapk
Fk Bæoj ugC4 iqjkus 'çnkX dk Pkapk Fk vk®ek] mudk Pkapk Fk vk®ek ugC4 iqj

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
kus 'çn dqN vk,j dgrs Fs3os ckbfcy dks nksgjkrs Fs6 os nksgjkrs Fs dkyZ ekDlZ
dks] d,fiIy dks nksgjkrs Fs4 mudk 'çn u;k Fk] muds 'çn dk Pkapk u;k Fk4
rhl7pkyhl lky mügkXus esgur dh] lq>k;k yksxkX dks] le>k;k4 djks\L7djks\L yks
x mügC 'çnkX dks nksgjkus yxs4 nksgjkus dh vknr iqjkuh Fh4 igys vk®ek7ijek®
ek nksgjkrs Fs] ¬oxZ7udZ] vksfjtuy flu dh ckrX djrs Fs] vc dé;qfu†e dh ck
rX djus yxs4 Bæoj ugC g,] /eZ vGhe dk u'k g,] ;g dgus yxs4 vc uS 'çn
nksgjkus yxs4 ysfdu 'çn ls NqIdkjk ugC gksrk g,4 Sd 'çn gIrk g,] nwljk 'ç
n id\L ysrk g,4
eT tks vkils dg jgk gwa] blfyS ugC fd vki vk,j 'çn Nks\L nX] esjs 'çn id\L
yX4 og Sd gh ckr gks x;h4 og rks ew[Zrk ogh jgh] iqjkuh jgh] dksB GdZ u
gqvk4 vc eq>s yksx feyrs gT] os dgrs gT] geX rks vkidh ckr fcydqy Ohd y
xrh g,4 os esjh ckr nksgjkus yxrs gT] eT Sdne ?c\Lk tkrk gwa4 eT ;gh rks dg
jgk gwa fdlh vk,j dh ckr vkidks Ohd u yxs4 lc ckrX nwljkX dh Nks\L nX4 ml
eX eT Hh lféefyr gwa] D;kXfd eT Hh nwljk gwa4 vk,j ml txg pyX tgka fd fdlh
nwljs dh ckr izos' ugC djrh] vki ¬o;a gT4
vHh eT iwuk x;k Fk] rks ogka dh unh ij eTus ns[k] nwj7nwj rd gjs ikuh ds ik,
/s us unh dks ?sj fy;k g,4 gjh unh tks g,] fcydqy ik,/k gh ik,/k gks x;h g,4
ehykX rd flGZ ik,/kX dk fo¬rkj gks x;k g, vk,j ikuh fcydqy Pad x;k g,4 irk
gh guC pyrk fd ikuh g,4 mls ns[dj eT lkspus yxk] vkneh dk eu Hh ßls
gh g,4 'çnkX ds ik,/s G,yrs pys xS gT vk,j mügkXus iwjs eu dks ?sj fy;k g, vk,j
ihNs irk gh guC pyrk fd thou dksB ikuh Hh g,4 vc mudks tjk gIkSa] ik,/
kX dks] rks uhps fey tkSxk4 'çnkX dks Fks\Lk gIkSa rks uhps izk< fey tkSaxs] l®
; fey tkSxk4 igyh 'rZ g,] 'çnkX dks gIkSa4 lkgl ds lkF 'çnkX dks vyx d
jX] 'çnkX dh t\Lrk dks rks\Ls vk,j vius dks p,rü; djX] vius dks t\L u cukS4 n
ksgjkus okyk eu t\L gks tkrk g,4 vly eX nksgjkus dh f∂;k gh t\Lrk dk y{<
g,4 Sd e'hu g,] og fujarj gh nksgjkrh jgrh g,4 e'hu dHh x\Lc\L ugC dj
rh] dHh chp eX vfu;ferrk ugC djrh4 bjjsxqyfjIh uke dh pht e'hu eX
ugC gksrh] D;kXfd og t\L g,4 vk,j vxj vkidk eu Hh e'hu dh rjg nksgjkrk
jgrk g,] jkst lqcg mOdj xhrk i\P ysrk g, Ohd Ng cts ls ysdj lkr cts r
d] jkr dks Ohd feuIkX eX izkFZuk dj ysrk g,] Ohd iqjkus 'çnkX eX Hxoku ls ck
rX dj ysrk g,] jkst7jkst djrk tkrk g, pkyhl lky rd] rks vki t\L gks tkv
ksxs] e'hu gks tkvksxs4 vkids Hhrj p,rü; dk y{< gh ugC jgk4
p,rü; dk y{< rks lgt ¬Gqj<k g,] fjihIh'u ugC4 ysfdu dksB eq>s dy fy[
dj iwNk fd vxj ge jke7jke dk ti djX rks D;k ykH gksxk` ykH gksxk D;k
2 eqnkZ gks tkvksxs4 ykH ;g gksxk fd cqf0 u‘I gks tkSxh4 ykH ;g gksxk fd ps
ruk foyhu gks tkSxh4 ykH ;g gksxk fd Sd t\L vkneh dh rjg thus yxksxs

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
vk,j le>ksxs fd cgqr c\Lh ckr gks x;h4 dksB pht ckj7ckj nksgjkus ls eu dh
psruk dks {h< dj tkrh g,4 nksgjkuk ugC] psruk dks txkuk g, vk,j psruk dks
txkus ds fyS ¬Gqj<k ykuh g, vk,j ¬Gqj<k ds fyS 'çnkX dks gIkuk g,4 eT dksB
ti vk,j ea_ dk i{ikrh ugC gwa4 mügkXus rks euq‘; ds eu ds uhps ls ys tkdj
u‘I dj fn;k g,4 lc gIk nX eu dks vk,j fuA'çn eX pyX4 dks gIkSa vk,j fuA'ç
n eX pyX4 fopkj dks gIkSa vk,j fu√opkj eX pys4 igys rks ;g cks/ eu eX ys
vkS fd 'çn ls eqDr gks tkuk g, rks l®; dh ;k_k gks ldrh g,4
nwljh ckr3'çn ls eqDr gksuk g, vk,j neu ls fjDr gksuk g,4 tks eu cgqr neu
djrk g, og eu cgqr tfIy] cgqr déiy,Dl vk,j cgqr vkarfjd daI≠kfLD'al
vlaxfr;k eX] fojks/ eX i\L tkrk g,4 ge pk,chl ?aIs vius ls y\L jgs gkXxs4 rks
y\Lus okyk eu /hjs7/hjs viuh 'fDr rks [ksrk gh g,] viuh 'fDr rks viø;;
djrh gh g,] cgqr lh tfIyrkSa [\Lh dj ysrk g, ftudk geX ¬ej< ugC gksrk
g,4 ∂ks/ vk;k] ∂ks/ dks nck fn;k4 dksB okluk mOh] okluk dks nck fy;k4 lsD
l dk Hko gqvk] mls nck fy;k` nckdj lc phtX tkSaxh dgka` nckus ls phtX
dgka tkSaxh` nckus ls phtX rks vkids Hhrj ds gh vrA izdks‘OkX eX izfo‘I gks t
kSaxh4 cgqr xgjs eX Hh vkids gh vudkalsl eX] vkids gh eu ds vpsru rykX i
j pyh tkSaxh] ogka c,O tkSaxh4 mudh t\LX vk,j xgjh gks x;C4 t,ls fdlh vkn
eh dks fdlh o1{ ls fojks/ gks vk,j tehu eX x\Lk ns rks mldh t\LX vk,j xgjh
uhps c,O tkS4
vki tc Hh dksB pht nck jgs gT tcnZ¬rh rks ogka vk,j xgjs eX c,O tkSaxh vk,j
vkids fpR dks Hhrj ls ejks\Lus yxsxh] id\Lus yxsxh4 Hhrj ls csp,fu;ka] v'ka
fr;ka i,nk djus yxXxh vk,j rc vkids fpR dh lkjh ljyrk u‘I gks tkSxh4 ds
oy ogh fpR ljy gks ldrk g,] tks neu ls eqDr gks] tks lizs'u ls eqDr gks4
ugC rks fpR rks dkaîysDl gksxk] tfIy gksxk4 tfIy fpR d,ls l®; dks tku lds
xk` tfIy fpR rks Hhrj tkus eX gh Ljrk g,4
eq>s dB izæu Fs] ftueX fy[k g, fd ge rks vdsys eX c,Ors gT rks c\Lh cqjh Hko
ukSa vkus yxrh gT4 blfyS vki dgrs gT vdsys eX c,Oks4 ge rks vdsys eX c,Ors
gT rks flok; iki ds dksB fopkj ugC mOrs gT vk,j vki dgrs gT] vdsys eX c,Oks]
futh gks tkvks4 rks gekjs /eZxqQ vk,j gekjs l®lax nsus okys yksx rks ;g dgrs
gT fd dHh vdsys er jgks] ges'k l®lax djrs jgks] ftleX fd cqjh HkoukSa u
vkS4 ikxy gqS gT4 vdsys eX tks cqjh HkoukSa vkrh gT] os crk jgh gT fd vki
ds Hhrj cqjh HkoukSa gT4 l®lax eX vxj tkdj vπNh HkoukSa vkus yxX vk,j
vdsys eX cqjh HkoukSa vkS rks le>uk vlyh ugC g,] vlyh rks vdsys eX tks m
O jgk g,] ogh g,4 nwljs dh ckrX lqudj Fks\Lh nsj vπNk Hko cuk jgk rks mldk
D;k ew¥; g,` ew¥; rks mldk g, tks vkids Hhrj g,] ogh vkids lkF jgsxk4 d
ksB l®lax vkids lkF ugC jgsxk] l®; vkids lkF jgsxk4 vxj ;gh l®; g, fd

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
esjs Hhrj cqjkb;ka gT] rks HkxX er] ?cLkSa er] nckS er4 mügX tkuX] igpkuX4
jk¬rk g, muds foltZu dk] jk¬rk g, muds ifjorZu dk] jk¬rk g, muds I≠kalGk
e∆'u dk4 neu jk¬rk ugC g,4 esjh ckr lqudj yxrk g,] fGj D;k ge Hksx d
jX` ∂ks/ vk tkS rks ∂ks/ djX` okluk vk tkS rks okluk dks iwjk djX` D;k
djX` ugC] eT dgrk fd Hksx djX4 ysfdu vxj dksB eq>ls iwNrk gks fd neu v
k,j Hksx ex ls fdldks pquX rks eT dgwaxk] Îik djX vk,j Hksx dks pqu yX4 de ls
de Hksx lgt g,] u,l√xd g,4 †;knk ls †;knk i'q gkXxs4 ysfdu vxj neu dks
pquk rks ikxy gks tkSaxs4 vu,l√xd g,] tcnZ¬rh g,] veukso,Kkfud g,4 dksB foKk
u u mlds leFZu eX g,] u gks ldrk g,4 u dHh jgk g,4 tks tkurs jgs gT os Hh
dHh mlds i{ eX ugC jgs gT4
ysfdu Sd rhljk jk¬rk Hh g,4 u rks Hksx dks pquus dh tWjr g, u neu dh4
u i'q gksus dh tWjr g,] u ikxy gksus dh4 tWjr g, eqDr gksus dh4 vk,j Sd
vk,j rhljk jk¬rk g,] mldh eT vkils ckr djrk gwa4 ysfdu mldks [;ky eX yk
us ds igys vkids eu eX yx jgk gksxk fd t¥nh eT crkMa fd dk,u7lk jk¬rk g,
4 ;g D;kX yx jgk g,` vki tkurs g,` ;g blfyS yx jgk g, fd neu dh geX
rks cgqr vknr g,4 vxj og jk¬rk fey tkS rks mlh ls nck nX4 nckuk rks ∂ks
/ dks g,] nckuk rks lsDl dks g,] u‘I rks budks djuk gh g,4 vki crk nX] dksB
jk¬rk g, rks mlh ls dj nX4
ugC] blfyS eT igys vkidks ;g dgwa fd igys le> yX fd ;g neu D;k g,`
vk,j neu dk Hko Nks\L nX4 nckus ls dHh dqN ugC gksrk g,4 fpR foÎr gksrk
tkrk g,4 dqWi gksrk tkrk g,] dqWi ls dqWi gksrk tkrk g,4 lcls c\Lh v≈yhusl
vxj dksB gks ldrh g, rks lizs¬L ekbaL g,] og nck gqvk eu g,4 og gj pht d
ks nckS gqS gT4 mldh gj pht dqWi gks tkrh g,3gj pht4 vxj og Gwy dks
Nwrk g, rks mlds izk< dkai tkrs gT] D;kXfd Hhrj mlus nck;k gqvk g, dqN4 vx
j og fdlh lqanj Wi dks ns[rk g, rks mlds izk< dkai tkrs gT] D;kXfd Hhrj dq
N nck;k gqvk g,4 mlds thou eX lc dqWi gks tkrk g,] lc ?c\LkgI] lc csp,u
h] lc eqfædy gks tkrh g,4 og pk,chl ?aIs pk,dUk vk,j Ljk gqvk jgus yxrk g,
] H;Hhr gks tkrk g,4 gj oDr mls Lj yx jgk g, fd dgC ;g u gks tkS] d
gC og u gks tkS4 og ncs gqS osx Mij vkuk pkgrs gT] vk,j nck nsrs gT vki D
;kXfd f'{k fl[krh g,3Hksx cqjk g,] ∂ks/ djuk cqjk g,] izse djuk cqjk g,] ?1<k
djuh cqjh g,] lc cqjk g,4 gj pht cqjh g,] bldks nckvks4 rks nckus dk Hko f
'{k lh[krh g,] bldks nckvks4 eT vkidks dgrk gwa] nckvks ugC] bldks cnyks n
ckvks ugC] bls ifjo√rr djks4 ;s lc 'fDr;ka gT] ftügX nckuk ugC] cf¥d I≠kal
GkeZ djuk g,] cnyuk g,4 ;s rks 'fDr;ka gT4
D;k vkidks ;g dHh [;ky eX vk;k g,] bl txr eX tks yksx ije cz‰p;Z dks
miyç/ gqS gT] os dk,u yksx Fs` D;k os yksx Fs ftuds ikl lsDl dh 'fDr ugC

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
Fh` ugC] ;s os gh yksx Fs ftuds ikl lsDl dh vfr 'fDr Fh4 ogh vfr 'fD
r ifjo√rr gqB4 D;k vkidks irk g,] tks {ek dks miyç/ gqS] ;s os yksx Fs ft
ügkXus dHh ∂ks/ ugC fd;k` ugC] ;s os gh yksx Fs ftuds ikl ∂ks/ dh pje 'f
Dr Fh4 ∂ks/ dh pje 'fDr gh ifjo√rr gksdj Sdne {ek vk,j n;k cu tkr
h g,4 vk,j dke dh] lsDl dh 'fDr gh ifjo√rr gksdj izse vk,j vkuan cu tkr
k g,4 'fDr;ka ogh gT] muds I≠kalGke∆'u dk loky g,4 ysfdu tks neu eX i\L tk
Sxk mldk fpR dqWi vk,j foÎr gks tkSxk4 og [qn ds Hhrj foHkftr gks t
kSxk4 Sd gkF ls djuk pkgsxk] Sd gkF ls ugC djuk pkgsxk4 og ßlh gkyr
eX gks tkSxk] t,ls fdlh dkj eX nksukX rjG batu yxk fnS gkX ;k pkjkX rjG]
vk,j batu Sd lkF 'qW dj fnS xS gkX vk,j pkjkX rjG xk\Lh dks Hxkus dh dks
f'' py jgh gks4 D;k gksxk ifj<ke` D;k ifj<ke gks ldrk g,` f?lIsxh xk\Lh
vkokt djsxh] 'ksjxqy epkSxh] ogC dh ogC [\Lh jgsxh4 ijs'ku djrh jgsxh
vk,j [qn ds izk<kX dks daikrh jgsxh4
ge lHh ßls gh nksgjh rjG tqrs gqS gT4 mlh dks Hksxuk pkgrs gT] mlh dks nck
uk pkgrs gT] mlh dks Hksxuk pkgrs gT] mlh dks nckuk pkgrs gT4 fGj dfOu gks
tkrk g,4 gIkrs gT vk,j [qn cqykrs gT4 [qn fuea_< Hstrs gT] [qn }kj can djrs
gT4 rc fGj cgqr eqfædy gks tkrh g,] fpR tfIy gks tkrk g,4 tfIy fpR l
®; dks ugC tku ldrk vk,j tfIy fpR ¬o;a eX izos' djus eX Ljus yxrk g,4
vki lc LjXxs4 vxj vkidks Sdkar eX fcOk fn;k tkS vk,j dgk tkS] fcydqy
fut gks tkS] vdsys gks tkS] vkidh c\Lh ?c\LkgI gksus yxsxh] ;s dgka7dgka ds
fopkj vk gjs gT` ;g rks c\Lh eqfædy gks x;h4 vxj ßls eghus Hj jg x;k rks
ikxy gks tkMaxk] ;g D;k gks jgk g,` dHh vdsys eX c,Os] njoktk can dj yX]
tksj7tksj ls tks eu eX vkrk gks] cksyX4 vki ?c\Lk tkSaxs4 dgXxs fd ;g esjs e
u eX D;k vk jgk g,3D;k vk jgk g, ;g` vki vius fudIre fe_ ds ikl c,O
dj Hh viuk Ôn; ugC [ksy ldrs gT4 ugC [ksy ldrs] D;kXfd vki [qn gh L
j tkSaxs] vius lkeus ugC [ksy ldrs4 bruk nck;k g,] bruk7bruk nck fy;k
g, tkSaxs] vius lkeus ugC [sy ldrs4 bruk nck;k g,] bruk7bruk nck fy;k g,
dpjk g,] ogh vkidh laifR gks x;h g,4 ml laifR ds dkj< vki Hhrj izos'
ugC dj ldrs gT4
eTus lquk g,] Sd gksIy eX Sd jkr Sd u;k esgeku vkdj Ogjk4 og tc vk;k
rks gksIy eX Sd gh dejk [kyh Fk4 rks ml gksIy ds e,ustj us dgk fd dgC
vk,j Ogj tkS4 Sd dejk [kyh rks g,] ysfdu nsus eX Lj yxrk g,4 ml dejs
ds uhps tks esgeku Ogjs gqS gT] os dqN c\Ls vthc vk,j c\Ls ikxy gT4 vxj Mij
vki tjk tksj ls Hh pyX vk,j mudks vkokt fey x;h] rks os >x\Lk djus igqa
p tkSaxs4 vxj vkius dksB lkeku tjk tksj ls j[ fn;k ;k dqlñ tksj ls [Cp
yh rks os >x\Lk djus igqap tkSaxs4 vki dgC vk,j py tkS4 mldh otg ls og

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
dejk fdlh vk,j dks nsuk dfOu g,4 ysfdu ml vkneh us dgk] eq>s dksB dke
Hh ugC djuk] dksB ek,dk Hh ugC g,4 jkr eT ckjg ctX yk,Iwaxk] vkdj fGj lqc
g gh okil pyk tkMaxk4 dksB xqatkb' ugC g,4 fGj eT ÷;ku j[waxk4 pkj7Ng ?a
Is lksMaxk fd dksB uCn eX eq>s x\Lc\L u gks4 ugC ekuk rks ml ;k_h dks Ogjk f
n;k x;k4 jkr ckjg cts yk,Ik4 Fdk7ekank fnu7Hj ds dke ds ckn fc¬rj ij
c,Ok] Sd twrk [ksyk] Nks\Lk4 t,ls gh twrk fxjk] vkokt vkB4 mls [;ky vk;k]
dgC uhps dqN c\Lc\L u gks tkS4 mlus nwljk /hjs ls fudkydj j[k vk,j lks
x;k2
uhps c\Lc\L gks x;h4 uhps ds vkneh us vkokt lquh] njoktk [qyrs gh le>k f
d Mij ds l†tu vk xS4 fGj twrk iIdus dh vkokt vk;h rks mlus vk;k fd
Sd twrk mrkjk4 vc og nwljs dh izrh{k djus yxk fd nwljs twrs dk D;k gq
vk` nwljs twrs dk vkf[j gqvk D;k` nsj ij nsj gksus yxh vk,j nwljk twrk rks f
xjk ugC4 mlus vius eu eX cgqr lkspk fd eq>s fdlh ds twrs ls D;k ysuk g,2
vyx djks bl fopkj dks4 og ftruk /Ddk nsus yxk] mruh uCn eqfædy gks x
;h4 og fudkyus yxk bl fopkj dks] eq>s fdlh ds twrs ls D;k ysuk7nsuk2 vyx
djks] vyx djs] blls eq>s D;k djuk g,` ysfdu nwljk twrk mlds Mij fcydq
y >wyus gh yxk fd og fxj D;kX ugC jgk g,` ml nwljs twrs dk gqvk D;k` o
g ftruk /dkus yxk] ftruk mls gIkus yxk] mruk gh ik;k fd og vkus yxk
g,4 og ?c\Lk x;k] og csp,u gks x;k] og ijs'ku gks x;k] og ijs'ku gks x;k4
vkf[j mlds cnkZær ds ckgj gks x;k] og mOk vk,j Mij x;k4 dksB Sd7Ls\P
ctrk gksxk] njoktk [I[Ik;k4 ;g vkneh cgqr ?c\Lk;k fd D;k ckr g,4 njo
ktk [ksyk] vk'k rks gqB fd uhps okys l†tu gksus pkfgS4 og vkneh xq¬ls eX
[\Lk gqvk Fk4 mlus dgk] D;k ekeyk g,] nwljs twrs dk D;k gqvk`
~~~fu"s/ vkea_< cu tkrk g,4 fu"s/ vkea_< cu tkrk g,] bls ¬ej< j[X4 ;gka
njokts ij fy[ fn;k tkS] Hhrj >kaduk euk g,] fGj bruk 'fDr'kyh euq‘
; 'k;n gh mlds lkeus ls fudys tks fcuk >kads fudy tkS4 vk,j vxj dksB f
dlh rjg ls la;e djds fudy Hh tkS rks ?j igqapdj Hh yk,Ius dk eu cuk
jgsxk fd nGk >kaddj ns[ gh ysuk Fk fd ckr D;k Fh] ekeyk D;k Fk` ßls
;s njokts [qys gqS i\Ls gT] vk,j dksB buls >kadsxk ugC4 ysfdu bu ij c\Ls7c\Ls
v{jkX eX fy[ nX fd ;gka >kaduk euk g, vk,j cl rc dfOukB 'qW gks tkSxh4
geus Vtnxh ij lc txg fy[ fn;k g, fd >kaduk cuk g, vk,j bldh otg ls
lkjh dfOukB i,nk gks x;h g,4 ∂ks/ djuk euk g,] lsDl djuk euk g,] lc phtX
o√tr gT] lc eu gT4 lcds Hhrj >kadus dk eu i,nk gks tkrk g,4 fl[k fn;k
tkrk g,] >kaduk euk g,] bl otg ls vkd"Z< xgjk gks tkrk g,4 fGj >kadrs H
h gT rks iNrkrs gT] D;kXfd cqf0 dgrh g, fd >kaduk euk Fk] og d,lk iki dj
fn;k2 >kadrs g, rks iNrkrs gT] ugC >kadrs rks iNrkrs gT fd >kad D;kX u fy;k

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
` rks cgqr dfOukB [\Lh gks tkrh g,4 vk,j fpR cgqr eqfædy eX my>rk pyk
tkrk g,4 Vtnxh NksIh vk,j mi–o c\Lk gks tkrk g,4 mls >syuk eqfædy gks tkrk
g,4 vkf[j eX vki ikrs gT fd bl mi–o eX] bl la?"Z eX u‘I gks xS4 ;g dkaf
Gy©I nq[ nsrh g,4 dkaf©yDI] var }a} ds vfrfjDr euq‘; dks u‘I djus okyh
vk,j dksB pht nqfu;k eX ugC g,4 ogh rks\L nsrh g, vk,j u‘I dj nsrh g,4 vk,j r
c ge Sd [aLgj dh rjg jg tkrs gT ftldk dqy /a/k iNrkuk g,] vk,j dqN
Hh ugC g,4 vxj Hksx yX rks iNrkrs gT fd iki dj fy;k] vxj u Hksx ikS rks
iNrkrs gT fd irk ugC] iki eX gh lq[ jgk gks2 ;gka rks dksB lq[ ekywe gksrk
ugC4
tks x1g¬F gT] os eq>s feyrs gT] dgrs gT] x1g¬Fh ls Mcs gT4 os lcds lkeus dgrs
gT] ljy yksx gT] laü;klh eq>s feyrs gT] os vdsys eX dgrs gT] cgqr Mcs gqS gT]
dqN le> eX ugC vkrk D;k djX` x1g¬Fh Fh4 mldks Nks\Lk fd ;gka lq[ ugC g,4
;gka Hh dksB lq[ ugC g,] ftldks laü;kl djds id\L fy;k Fk4 eq>ls Sdkar eX
dgrs gT] D;kXfd laü;klh mrus ljy ugC g,] x1g¬F Hh\L eX dg nsrk g, fd esjk
fpR c\Lk v'kar g,4 laü;klh dgrk g,] vdsys eX esjk fpR cgqr v'kar g,] eT
eqfædy eX i\Lk gwa4 dB nGk eu gksrk g, mldk fd okil yk,I tkMa] nqfu;k dks
fcuk >kads Nks\L vk;k gwa] >kad gh ywa] 'k;n ogC jl gks4 ;gka rks dksB jl ekyw
e gksrk ugC4 os o√tr Gy ehOs gks tkrs gT4
Blkb;kX dh dgkuh g,] vkne us cfgær ds cxhps eX] bLsu ds cxhps eX og tks K
ku dk Gy Fk] mldks [k fy;k4 vc mldk ftéek vne ij ugC gks ldrk] H
xoku ij gksxk4 mügkXus o√tr dj fn;k igys fd bl Gy dks er [kuk4 dfOuk
B gks x;h4 mügkXus dg fn;k fd cxhps ex lc Gy [k ysuk] Hxoku us vkneh
dks] Bo dks dgk] lc Gy [k ysuk] tks I≠h vkG ukyst g,] og >k\L g, Kku g,]
bldk By er [kuk4 cl] ;g otZu gh vkd"Z< gks x;k4
vc Bo vk,j vne fdrus ijs'ku gqS gkXxs] ugC dgk tk ldrk4 d,ls jkr mügkX
us csp,uh eX xqtkjh gksxh] d,ls tkxrs gkXxs6 lksprs gkXxs] D;k djX] d,ls djX] d,ls
og Gy gksxk] D;k gksxk mleX] D;k ugC gksxk2 og tks dgk tkrk g,] ',rku mu
dks le>kus yxk] [ks yks] mldk eryc ;gh g,4 mudk eu gh muls dgus yxk]
[k yks] p[ yks] tWj mleX dqN ekeyk gksxk] rHh rks Hxoku us otZu fd;k
4 rks ',rku us muls dgk fd Hxoku [qn rks ;g [krk g, vk,j rqedks o√tr d
jrk g,3;g muds eu us gh dgk4 ',rku dgka g,] dk,u` fd [qn rks [krk g, vk,
j rqedks euk djrk g,] lcls c\Lk jg¬; ;gh g,4 tgka otZu g,] ogh jg¬; g,4 r
ks vxj vne cxhps ls fudyk vk,j mlus iki fd;k Gy dks [kus dk rks ftéek
vxj fdlh dk gks rks ijek®ek dk gh gksxk4 u fu"s/ djrk] u irk pyrk mr
us c\Ls taxy eX fd dk,u ls >k\L dks ugC [kuk g,4

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
ysfdu ge lcdks fu"s/ fl[k;k x;k g, vk,j mlls neu i,nk gksrk g,4 eT vkidks
dgrk gwa] thou dks lgt Hko ls yX] ?c\LkS ugC vk,j fdlh Gy dk o√tr u
ekuX4 o√tr ekuk fd nq[ eX i\L tkSaxs4 p[X] tkus] igpkuX] viuh 'fDr;kX ls
ifjfpr gkX] ∂ks/ dh 'fDr ls Hh ifjfpr gkX] dke dh 'fDr ls Hh ifjfpr
gkX] vius fpR ds lkjs osxkX ls ifjfpr gkX4 vk,j ifjfpr gksus ls vki ml jg¬;
ij igqapXxs tgka osx ls eqDr gks tkuk gksrk g,4 rks u rks dgrk gwa] Hksx eT tho
u Hj i\Ls jgs4 og Hh Sd ewπNkZ g, fd dksB vkneh Hksx eX gh i\Lk jgs vk,j m
lds Mij u mO tkS4 vk,j u dgrk gwa fd neu djX] og vk,j Hh c\Lh ewπNkZ g,
4 mlls dksB eqDr ugC gksrk4 dgrk gwa fd thou ds lkjs osxkX ds izfr] eu ds l
kjs osxkX ds izfr] tkxzr gkX] lk{h cuX] ns[X] igpkuX] ifjfpr gkX] vk,j vki g,jk
u gks tkSaxs fd vxj Sd ckj Hh ∂ks/ ds iwjs lk{h gks tkS rks vki ∂ks/ ls eq
Dr gks tkSaxs4 vxj Sd ckj Hh viuh fdlh okluk ds iwjs lk{h gks tkS3'qW
ls ysdj var rd3iRs ls ysdj t\L rd] xgjs eu ds vafre dksus rd] vxj m
l okluk ds iwjs Wi ls vki ifjfpr gks tkS rks og tkuuk gh eqDr dj nsrk g,
4
Kku gh eqDr dj nsrk g,] D;kXfd mlds ckn djus t,lk dqN Hh ugC jg tkrk]
mleX dksB vFZ ugC gj tkrk g,4 dksB jl ugC jg tkrk4 fu"s/ ugC djuk gksr
k g,4 fu"s/ rks ogh djrk g,] ftls jl g,4 Sd vkneh izfrKk ysrk g, fd eT rks
cz‰p;Z ls jgwaxk4 ;g vkneh lsDlqvy g,] rc rks izfrKk ysrk g,4 vxj bldk ls
Dl dk Hko tkuus ls foyhu gks x;k gks rks izfrKk cz‰p;Z dh D;k vFZ j[rh
g,` tks Hh izfrKk ysrs gT vk,j ozr ysrs gT] ?ks"<k djrs gT] mlls foijhr jl m
uds Hhrj ek,twn g,4 ugC rks dksB otg ugC g,4 tks tkurk g,] D;k izfrKk ysxk
` D;k eT izfrKk ywaxk fd tc Hou ls fudywaxk rks njokts ls gh fudywaxk] nhok
y ls ugC fudywaxk` fGj D;k izfrKk ywaxk` tkurk gwa fd nhoky ls fudyk gh
ugC tk dlrk4 flj Gk\L ldrk gwa4 tkurk gwa fd fudyuk njokts ls gksrk g,4 f
cuk izfrKk fdS rhu fnu ls jkst fudy tkrk gwa4 njokts ls fudy tkrk gwa] n
jokts ls vkrk gwa4 izfrKk Sd Hh fnu ysus dh tWjr ugC i\Lrh4 ysfdu vxj
dksB vkneh ;gka dgs fd eT lcds lkeus [\Ls gksdj izfrKk djrk gwa fd vkt rks
njokts ls fudywaxk] nhoky ls ugC] rks ge lkspXxs fd ef¬r‘d eX nhoky ls fu
dyus dh dksB ckr py jgh g,4 ugC rks ;g d,ls gksrk` Sd vkneh cz‰p;Z ys
rk g, fd cz‰p;Z ls jgwaxk] vFZ gqvk fd eu ds Hhrj cgqr dkeukSa] oklukSa
py jgh gT4 mlds fojks/ eX [\Lk gks jgk g,4 fojks/ eX [\Ls gksus ls eu 'qW gks
tkSxk4
ugC] eT ugC dgrk fd cz‰p;Z dk ozr yX] eT dgrk gwa] lsDl dks tkuX vk,j le
>X] vk,j vki ikSaxs fd cz‰p;Z vkuk 'qW gks x;k4 mlls LjX u] ?c\LkS u4 ∂ks
/ ls LjX u] ?c\LkS u] mlls ifjfpr gkX] tkuX] vk,j tc ∂ks/ vkS rks bldk

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
Sd volj cukS vkçto∆'u dk] bls Sd volj cukS fujh{< dk] bls Sd
volj cukS fd fdruk cf\P;k ek,dk feyk fd eT tkuwa vius fpR dh Sd lks;h
o1fR dks fd ;g D;k g,4 c,O tkS Sd dksus eX vk,j ∂ks/ dks G,yus nX] Gwyus nX]
c\Pus nX vk,j 'kar gksdj mldk fujh{< djX fd ;g ∂ks/ D;k g,4 er nksgjkSa
firk us tks fl[k;k g, fd ∂ks/ cqjk g,6 D;kXfd ;g nksgjk;k fd ∂ks/ dk fGj fu
jh{< ugC gks ldrk4 fdrkc eX D;k fy[k g, fd ∂ks/ cqjk g,] er nksgjkS6 D;
kXfd nksgjk;k fd fGj fujh{< ugC gks ldsxk4 vxj eT ;g ekudj gh vkids ?
j vk tkMa fd ;g vkneh cqjk g,] ',rku g,] rks fGj vkils feyuk D;k gks lds
xk] vkils igpku D;k gks ldsxh2 esjh ekü;rk ck/k cu tkSxh4 ∂ks/ ;k] ?1<k]
;k dke ;k yksH] fdlh ds izfr dksB Hkouk u cukS4 thou iki dks feyk g,4
nwljkX dh m/kj n1f‘I;kX dks ysus dk dksB Hh dkj< ugC g,4 ftS vk,j tkuX4 ∂ks
/ dks igpkuX] vcktoZ djX] Ohd7Ohd lé;d fujh{< djX rks vki g,jku gks tk
Saxs] ftl fnu vki ∂ks/ dh irZ7irZ m?k\Ldj ns[ yXxs] vki ikSaxs fd bleX rks
dqN Hh u Fk] bleX rks dksB vFZ u Fk] bleX rks dksB vfHizk; u Fk4 rc vk
i flGZ galXxs4 rc flGZ galXxs fd d,lk ikxy Fk fd nhoky ls fudyus dh dksf'
' djrk Fk2 vka[ [qy tkSxh4 rks galXxs4 galus ds flok; dq' 's" u jg tkSx
k vk,j rc ∂ks/ foyhu gks tkSxk4
tkuus ls] ifjfpr gksus ls] igpkuus ls] o,Kkfud fujh{< ls] rI¬F –‘Ik ds Hk
o ls ∂ks/] vk,j mlh Hkafr vk,j oklukSa {h< gksrh gT] vk,j foyhu gks tkrh gT4
ysfdu ;g foyhu gksuk cgqr fHU g, vk,j neu cgqr fHU g,4 nckus ls ∂ks/ rks
foyhu gksrk] ∂ks/ rks Hhrj gksrk g,] v∂ks/ dk Hko Mij tkrk g,4 ∂ks/ Hhr
j nck jgrk g,] v∂ks/ dh os'7Hw"k Mij gks tkrh g,4 dke Hhrj gksrk g,] cz‰
p;Z Mij gksrk g, vk,j blhfyS ges'k Lj cuk jgrk g, fd og tks Hhrj g,] pk,
chl ?aIs /Dds nsrk g, fd ckgj u vk tkS] ckgj u fudy vkS] blfyS mls
légkyuk i\Lrk g,4 vk,j Vtnxh Sd légkyuk gks tkrh g,] thuk ugC4 fyVox nw
ljh ckr g, vk,j légkyuk nwljh ckr g,4
Sd vkneh légky jgk g, pk,chl ?aIs vius dks4 og dksB thuk g,` ysfdu ;fn
∂ks/ ds Kku ls ∂ks/ foyhu gks tkS rks vnHqr ?Iuk gksrh g,4 og tks ∂ks/ dh
'fDr Fh] og tks osx Fk tks butñ Fh] og tks MtkZ Fh] og vc pwafd ∂ks/
ds ekxZ ls fudyus eX vleFZ gks tkrh g,] ∂ks/ dk ekxZ gh u‘I gks tkrk g,6 fG
j og dgka tkSxk` ogh MtkZ {ek cu tkrh g,4 rks I≠kalGke∆'u gksrk g,4 vxj
Sd ekxZ can gks tkS] vxj vki Sd >jus ij gkX vk,j >jus dk Sd ekxZ can
gks tkS] fGj >juk nwljs ekxZ ls izokfgr gksxk4 vxj uhps ds ekxZ can gksrs pys
tkS3Kku ls] tcnZ¬rh ugC] rks 'fDr;ka Mij ds ekxk˜ ls izokfgr gksus yxrh
g,4 vxj ø;fDr dh i'qrk ftl7ftl }kj ls foyhu gks tkrh g,] mlh7mlh }kj
ls ø;fDr ds izHq dk izdk'u 'qW gks tkrk g,4 i'q ex gh izHq fNik gqvk g,4 os

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
tks vkids osx gT mueX gh lkjh Js‘O ckrX fNih gT tks euq‘; dks eqDr dj nX vk,
j eks{ eX izfrf‘Or dj nX4 buls ?c\LkS u vk,j eu dks tfIy u djX] neu u
djX4
nwljh ckr g,] neu ls fjDr gks tkS vk,j lk{h Hko dks txkS4 foltZu dks i,nk
djX] o1fR;kX dk ifjorZu djX] o1fR;kX dk fojks/ ugC4 o1fR;kX ds '_q u cuX] izs
e djX] fe_ gks tkS vk,j thr yX4 ;s nks ckrX3'çn ls eqDr gks tkS vk,j neu
ls fjDr gks tkS rks vkids fpR dh Hwfe ls i®Fj gks tkSaxs4 i®Fj gI tkSaxs4
cl ;s nks rjg ds i®Fj gT3fl0kar vk,j neu4 ;s eu dks ?sjs gqS gT4 og [kyh
dj yX] Hwfe fucZy gks tkSxh4 Hwfe mitkM gks tkSxh4 i®Fj gI tkSaxs4 vc
bleX cksS tk ldrs gT chp4 vc bleX os l®;] ftuds ckcr eTus nks fnu ppkZ
dh] bleX Lkys tk ldrs gT4
D;k eTus ppkZ dh` eTus nks fnu ppkZ dh fd ∂e'A7∂e'A geX mlls gIkrs tkuk
g, tks ge ugC gT vk,j mls txkuk g, tks ge gT4 D;k7D;k ge ugC gT` vly eX
tks Hh ge dj ldrs gT] tks Hh ge lksp ldrs gT] ftldh Hh ge d¥iuk dj
ldrs gT] og ge ugC gkXxs4 tks ge dj ldrs gT] gekjk deZ gks ldrk g,] og
ge ugC gkXxs4 D;kXfd deZ vyx gksxk vk,j eT vyx4 djus okyk vyx gksxk4
vHh eT c,Ok gwa] vHh py ugC jgk gwa4 vHh mOwaxk rks py ldrk gwa4 pyus dh
f∂;k ugC g,] rc Hh pyus okyk ek,twn g,4 vHh mOwa rks py ldrk gwa4 vHh cks
y ldrk gwa] vHh pqi gks tkMa4 pqi gks x;k] rc Hh cksyus okyk ek,twn g,4 f∂
;k u gks rks drkZ ek,twn g,] blfyS fGj ge cksy ldrs gT] fGj py ldrs gT4
f∂;kSa ge ugC gT3pkgs 'jhj dh vk,j pkgs eu dh] rks fpR ls vxj i®FjkX d
ks vyx dj nX rks fGj vf∂;k eX] ml n'k eX] tc u fd esjs 'jhj dh dksB f
∂;k g, vk,j u eu dh dksB f∂;k g,] ¬o;a eX izos' gks tkrk g,4
vf∂;k ÷;ku g,] uku SD'u4 lc rykX ij3'jhj ds ry ij] eu ds ry ij v
f∂;k] fdlh rjg dh f∂;k dk u gksuk] fdlh rjg ds daiu dk u gksuk ÷;ku g,
4
Sd Gdhj gqvk g,] cgqr c\Lk Gdhj Fk3cgqr c\Lk nwj rd mlds izHko dk ?sjk
Fk4 gtkjkX7yk[kX yksx mlds ikl vkrs gT4 cgqr c\Lk muds foJke ds fyS vk
Je Fk4 nwj7nwj rd G,ys gqS taxy eX Hou Fs] dqfI;k FC4 Sd ckj ns' dk jk
tk Hh ogka vk;k rks og Gdhj fn[ykus ys x;k vius vkJe dks4 mlus Hkstuk
y; ls ysdj iq¬rdky; rd lc fn[yk;k] lc crk;k3;gka ;g] ;gka ;g4 lkjs
HoukX ds ?sjs ds chp eX Sd fo'ky Hou Fk4 vk,j lc Hou rks NksIs7NksIs Fs]
>ksi\Ls Fs4 chp eX Fk Sd fo'ky Hou4 jktk ckj7ckj iwNus yxk] ;g D;k g,]
;gka D;k gksrk g,` ysfdu Gdhj bls lqus vk,j pqi jg tkS] jktk cgqr g,jku gq
vk4 NksIs7NksIs >ksi\Ls fn[kS] tkdj crk;k fd ;g ¬ukux1g g,] ;s ik[kus gT] ;g
Gyka g,] fPdka g,4 jktk ckj7ckj iwNus yxk fd] vk,j ;g tks chp eX] ;g tks f

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
o'ky Hou g,] ;g D;k g,` Gdhj ls t,ls gh ;g iwNs] Gdhj pqi jg tkS4 jk
tk cgqr g,jku gqvk fd ;g vkneh ikxy g, fd D;k g,4 tks fn[kus t,lk g, og f
n[krk ugC4 tks ugC fn[kus t,lk g, og ?qek jgk g, vk,j fn[k jgk g,4
vkf[j fonk dk Hh oDr vk x;k] }kj ij Hh jktk vk x;k4 jktk us iwNk] eT
dqN le>us eX vleFZ gwa fd tks Hou bl vkJe eX lcls c\Lk g,] dX– eX g,] fo
'ky g,] nwljs ls ftlds xqacn fn[kB i\Lrs gT] ;g D;k g,` ;gka D;k gksrk g,` v
k,j ogka eq>s fn[k;k Hh ugC vk,j fGtwy ds >ksi\Ls eq>s ?qekS xS4 Gdhj dgus
yxk] ckj7ckj vki iwNrs Fs] eT D;k crkMa` dqN ckr gh ßlh g, fd crkuk eqf
ædy g,4 jktk us dgk] fGj Hh dqN rks ogka djrs gkXxs` D;k djrs gks` D;k g,
;g` ml Gdhj us dgk] ;gh rks dfOukB g,4 ogka c,Odj dqN Hh ugC djrs]
ogka ge flGZ c,O tkrs gT] [kyh gks tkrs gT] djrs dqN Hh ugC4 og rks uku SD
'u dh txg g,] og rks esLhIs'u dh txg g,] og rks ÷;ku dh txg g,4 vc g
e d,ls crkS fd ogka D;k djrs gT` ogka rks dqN Hh ugC djrs4 fdlh dks dqN
Hh ugC djuk gksrk g, rks ogka pyk tkrk g,4 fGj ogka og dqN Hh ugC djuk
g,4 cl jg tkrk g,] gks tkrk g,] flGZ gksrk g,] djrk dqN Hh ugC4 dqN Hh gu
C djrk] ek_ jg tkrk g,4 t¬I SfD>¬I2 flGZ gksuk2
vki u 'jhj ls dqN dj jgs gT] u eu ls dqN dj jgs gT] ogka ÷;ku g,4 ysfdu
;k rks dksB ekyk Gsj jgk g,] rks ;g lc f∂;k g,4 ;k dksB jke uke ti jgk g,
] ;g Hh f∂;k g,4 ;k dksB xk;_h dk ikO dj jgk g,] ;g Hh f∂;k g,4 tgka d
ksB Hh f∂;k ugC g,] ogka ¬o;a lRk g,4 fpR dh Hwfe dks r,;kj djX] eqDr djX
'çn ls] fjDr djX neu ls vk,j fGj vki3vklku gks ;g fdügC ?f\L;ka eX] fdüg
C vew¥; {<kX eX] cl gks tkSa] flGZ gkX] vk,j dqN u djX4
Sd vk,j ?Iuk dgwa] 'k;n mlls [;ky eX vkS4 eq>ls gh yksx iwNrs gT] ÷;ku
dc djrs gT` eT eqfædy eX gks tkrk gwa4 dc djrs gT~~~` ftuds ?jkX Ogjrk gwa]
os utj j[rs gT eq> ij4 lqcg mOk rks dc ÷;ku ds fyS c,Ok` jkr lks;k] fG
j c,Ok fd ugC] fGj c\Ls fujk' gks tkrs gT4 eT rks dHh ÷;ku dks c,Ork gh ugC
4 dB yksx gT] dB ikxy gT] eq>ls dgrs gT] vkids ikl7ikl vkuk pkgrs gT] th
oup;kZ ns[uk pkgrs gT4 thoup;kZ D;k ns[Xxs` [krk gwa] ihrk gwa] ugkrk gwa] di\
Ls igurk gwa] D;k djXxs` dksB vkxzg ugC esjk fd pkj cts mOwa4 esjk dksB vkxz
g ugC4 tc uCn [qyrh g, rks mOrk gwa uCn vkrh g, rks lksrk gwa4 Hw[ yxrh g,]
[krk gwa] ugC Hw[ ysrh g,] ugC [krk gwa4 rks fn[Xxs D;k` D;k ns[Xxs` os cspkjs
ns[us vkuk pkgrs gT fd ÷;ku dc djrk gwa] d,ls djrk gwa` ÷;ku dksB djus d
h ckr ugC g, fd vki c,O xS ikyFh yxkdj vk,j ineklu yxkdj vk,j vka[X
can djds4 cπpkX t,lh ckr g,] bé;ksπ;ksj ckr g,4 ßls c,O xS cudj rks lkspk ÷
;ku gks x;k4 dksB ekyk ysdj c,O x;k] lkspk ÷;ku gks x;k4 ÷;ku c\Lh vnHqr

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
ckr g,4 ÷;ku dksB f∂;k ugC g,4 ÷;ku dksB SD'u dk fg¬lk ugC g,] ÷;ku chba
x dk fg¬lk g,4 ÷;ku g, vk®ek dk ¬oWi ÷;ku vkidh dksB f∂;k ugC g,4
Sd Gdhj Sd igk\Lh ds fdukjs [\Lk Fk4 dqN fe_ vkrs Fs] djhc vkrs Fs4 lks
pus yxs] D;k ogka djrk gksxk` dksB Hh3eT ugC c,Ok gwa] lkspXxs D;k djrs gkXxs
` vHh cksy jgk gwa rks vkidks yxrk gksxk] cksy jgk gT] ysfdu Sd ry g,] t
gka dqN Hh ugC gks jgk g,4 og [\Lk Fk ogka rks lkspk] dqN u dqN djrk gksxk4
fookn gks x;k] vk,j gekjk fookn rks fdlh Hh ckr eX gks tkS4 fpR rks fook
n ls Hjk gqvk g,] fdlh eX Hh y\L tkS2 NksIh7eksIh ckrkX eX y\L tk ldrs gT f
d fdl fG¥e eX dk,u vfHusrk dke djrk g,] bl ij y\L ldrs gT4 egkohj c\
Ls Fs fd cq0 c\Ls Fs] bl ij y\L ldrs gT4 Sd iafLr us eq>ls iwNk fd vki eq
>s crkbS fd mez eX egkohj c\Ls Fs fd cq0 c\Ls Fs` eTus dgk] vkidk fnekx O
hd g, fd [jkc gks x;k g,` eq>s D;k iz;kstu` ugC] eT b/j lkr o"k˜ ls [kst
dj jgk gwa4 lkr o"Z rks feÈh eX xS vkids] vk,j vHh Hh Fks\Lk cgqr le; g,]
mldh fGdj dj yX] viuh mez dh fGdj djX4 egkohj c\Ls Fs mez eX ;k cq0
c\Ls Fs] D;k eryc g,` ysfdu nqfu;k eX fjlpZ ds uke ls cgqr ikxyiu vk;k
g,] cgqr e,Lusl vk;h g,4 vk,j og ikxyiu py jgk g, fd dgka D;k Fk] fdl
xkao eX i,nk gqS Fs4 fdlh eX gqS gkX] D;k ysuk7nsuk g,` u Hh gqS gkX rks D;k G
dZ i\Lrk g,` vki gT] ;g rks fopkj dh ckr g,] rks og NksIh7lh ckr eX gekjs
rks fookn gks ldrs gT] dksB fookn dh rks fnDdr ugC g,4
Sd xkao eX x;k] eT cksyrk Fk] Sd Gdhj dk uke fy;k] Sd l†tu chp eX
[\Ls gqS] cksys fcydqy xyr g,] ;g uke rks Ohd ugC g,4 ;g ?Iuk rks fdlh nw
ljs Gdhj dh g,4 eTus dgk] nwljs dh le> yks] rhljs dh gks] rhljs dh le>
yks4 D;k ysuk7nsuk` v] c] l] dksB Hh uke j[ yks4 eq>s dksB iz;kstu ugC g,4
ysfdu bleX fookn D;k g,` bleX xqatkb' D;k g,] y\Lus dh`
og Gdhj [\Lk g,] rhu7pkj fe_ xS] lkspus yxs D;k dj jgk g,` Sd dgk f
d vDlj ßlk gksrk g, fd mldh xk; [ks tkrh g,4 igk\Lh ij tkdj [kstrk g,
fd esjh xk; dgka g,4 ogh [kstrk gksxk ysfdu nwljs us dgk fd ekywe ugC gksrk
fd xk; [kstrk g,] D;kXfd [kstus okys dh vka[X HIdrh gqB gksrh gT4 og rks
'kar gh [\Lk gqvk g,4 eq>s ßlk yxrk g, fd dksB fe_ ihNs vk;k gksxk] NwI x;
k ?weus eX] mldh izrh{k djrk gksxk4 rhljs us dgk] {ek djX] izrh{k djus ok
yk Fks\Lh7Fks\Lh nsj eX yk,Idj ihNs ns[rk g,4 og rks yk,Idj ns[rk ugC] [\Lk gh
gqvk g,4 izrh{k7ozrh{k ugC dj jgk g,] eT le>rk gwa Gdhj g,] lk/q ÷;ku dj
jgk g,] ijek®ek dk ¬ej< dj jgk g,4 dksB izkFZuk dj jgk g,4
ugC r; gks ldk rks lkspk] pyks mlh ls iwN yX4 p\Ps igk\L ij Mij xS4 Gdhj
ls tkdj igys ø;fDr us iwNk fd D;k fH{q vkidh xk; [ks x;h g,` mldks [ks
t jgs gT` fH{q us dgk] xk;2 d,lh xk;] fdldh xk;` esjk dqN Hh ugC g,] x

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
k; esjh d,ls gks ldrh g,` iwNus okyk g,jku gqvk] fGj Hh lkspk] vkidh dHh7
dHh xk; [ks tkrh g,4 esjh dksB xk; gh ugC rks [ksSxh d,ls` eT dqN ugC [ks
t jgk4 nwljs us dgk] fufæpr gh fGj vkidk dksB fe_ ihNs NwI x;k gksxk4 m
lus dgk] d,lk fe_] d,lk '_q` esjk dksB '_q ugC] esjk dksB fe_ ugC4 eT fd
lh ds lkF vk;k ugC] fdlh ds lkF tkMaxk ugC4 rks eT fdlh izrh{k dWa` eT
dgwa vdsyk fuiI4 fdlh dh izrh{k]fdlh dh izrh{k ugC dj jgk4 rc rks rhl
js us lkspk] vc rks thr dk ekeyk iDdk gh g,4 mlus dgk] vc rks r; g, fd
vki Hxoku dh izkFZuk dj jgs gT4 mlus dgk] d,lk Hxoku vk,j d,lh izkFZuk`
eT dHh dksB izkFZuk ugC fd;k djrk4 esjh dksB dkeuk ugC rks izkFZuk D;k gksx
h` d,lk Hxoku` eT rks vius vfrfjDr fdlh dks tkurk ugC4 rks d,ls fdlh H
xoku dk ¬ej< dWa` mu rhukX us dgk fd vthc ckr g,4 vki dj D;k jgs ;
gka` vkf[j gks D;k jgk g, ;gka` D;k dj jgs gT ;gka` Gdhj us dgk] eT rks ds
oy gwa4 vk,j dj dqN Hh ugC jgk4 eT flGZ gwa vk,j dj dqN Hh ugC jgk4 eT rks
cl gwa ek_4
;g gksuk ek_ flGZ gks tkuk ek_3;g g, ckr4 fGj mls dqN Hh dgX3÷;ku dgX]
dqN vk,j uke nX] tks eu eX vkS og dgX] ;g g,4 vk,j bl laxhr dks tks gksus
ek_ ls vuqHo gksrk g, og ijek®ek dgk tkrk g,4 bl laxhr dks thus ek_ gksus
ls vuqHo ik;k tkrk g, thou] bl laxhr dks tks gksus ek_ ls laifnr gksrk g,
vk,j lkjs ru7izk<kX dks ?sj ysrk g, vk,j ?sjrk pyk tkrk g,] vk,j /hjs7/hjs lkjs
txr dks ?sj ysrk g, vk,j vkuan ds MtkZ eX ¬Fkfir dj nsrk g,] bls dgk g, e
ks{4 ø;fDr ;gka feI tkrk g,] vk,j lef‘I jg tkrh g,4 bls dgk g, ¬o;a dk gks
uk4 ysfdu t,ls gh ge bleX izfo‘I gqS] ¬o;a dk Hh Hko foyhu gks tkrk g, vk,
j jg tkrh g, ek_ lRk SfDt¬IXl] og tks g,4 vk,j ogh g, Bæoj] tks g,4 ogh
g, l®;] tks g,4 vk,j mls gh ikuk g, vk,j mleX gh gksuk g,4 vk,j mlds ckgj nq[
g,] ih\Lk g,4 mlds ckgj Vprk g,4 mlds ckgj va/dkj g,] vk,j lius gT4 vk,j m
lds ckjg lc vl®; g,] vk,j mlds Hhrj g, l®;4
bl l®; dks ikus ds fyS bu rhu fnukX eX Fks\Lh7lh ckrX eTus vkils dgC4 tks ck
rX dgC] mu ij [;ky djuk vk,j tks b'kjk fd;k] ml ij Fks\Lh vka[X mOkuk4
ugC rks vDlj ;g gksrk g, fd dksB pkan ds maxyh ls fn[kS rks maxyh dks ge
id\L ysrs gT vk,j pkan dks Hwy tkrs gT4 maxyh dks Hwy tkuk mldk dksB Hh ew
¥; ugC g,4 ew¥; g, pkan dk] ftl rjG maxyh mOk;h Fh4 vk,j ugC rks esjh ma
xyh ij fopkj djrs jgXxs vk,j pkan ogC i\Lk jg tkSxk tgka i\Lk Fk4
rks Îik djuk] esjs 'çnkX dks Hwy tkuk4 eTus tks dgk] mls Hwy tkuk4 eTus tks c
krX dgC] mügX fo¬ej< dj nsuk vk,j ftl rjG b'kjk fd;k g, vk,j ftl rjG
vkids ÷;ku dks vkd√"r djus dh ps‘Ik dh g, ml rjG ns[uk4 maxyh esjh gks
ldrh g,] maxyh egkohj dh gks ldrh g,] maxyh ∂kb¬I dh] Î‘< dh gks ldrh

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
g,] pkan fdlh dk Hh ugC g,4 maxyh fdlh dh Hh gks ldrh g,] pkan fdlh dk
Hh ugC g,4 tks maxyh dks id\Lrk g,] og laiznk; dks id\L ysrk g,4 vk,j tks pkan
dks ns[rk g,] og /eZ dks ns[ ysrk g,4 ijek®ek djs] /eZ dks ns[us dh {erk
miyç/ gks4 mlls gh feysxk3tks feyus t,lk g,] vk,j mlls gh NwIsxk3tks ø;FZ g,
vk,j NwI tkus t,lk g,4
esjh ckrkX dks brus izse vk,j 'kafr ls lquk] vk,j ßlh ckr dks] ftleX Gwy de
gT vk,j dkaIs †;knk gT vk,j ßlh ckrkX dks] ftueX vkidks pksIX igqap tkrh gT] br
us izse vk,j 'kafr ls lqurs gT rks eq>s c\Lk +< ekywe gksrk g,] eq>s c\Lh Îik ek
ywe gksrh g,3brus izse vk,j 'kafr ls lquk] mlls cgqr vuqx1ghr gwa vk,j var eX
lcds Hhrj c,Os ijek®ek dks iz<ke djrk gwa] esjs iz<ke ¬ohdkj djX4
fc\Lyk ∂h\Lk dX–] pk,ikIh] cacB] fnukad ¡¶ viz,y ¡ª§§
¬o;a dh [kst
chrs nks fnukX eX ¬o;a dh [kst ds fyS dqN ckrX eTus vkils dgC4 igys fnu eTus
vkils dgk] geX bl ckr dk ¬ej< Hh ugC g, fd ge gT4 gekjh lRk dk cks/
Hh geX ugC g,4vk,j ftls ;g Hh irk u gks og g,] mlds thou] mlds Hfo‘;
mldh miyfç/;kX dk ;fn ;g Hh cks/ ugC gks fd eT gwa rks thou eX vk,j D;k
gks ldsxk` fGj rks dksB Hh thou eX xfr vk,j fodkl ugC gks ldrk4 lcls i
gyh ckr rks ;g gksxh fd eT tkuwa fd eT gwa4
vk,j eT vkils dgk] ;g cgqr vkæp;Ztud g, fd geX bldk ¬ej< Hh ugC vkrk
4 thou chr tkrk g, vk,j geX irk Hh ugC pyrk fd ge Fs4
Sd ø;fDr ds ckcr eTus lquk g,3;g ckr fufæpr gh vly gksxh3eTus lquk g, f
d tc og ej x;k] rc mls irk pyk fd eT Vtnk Fk4 ysfdu ;g lc ø;fDr;
kX ds ckcr lp g,4 tc ge ejus yxXxs rks irk pysxk fd thou gkF eX Fk vk,j
ugC g,4 ysfdu ge gT] tc thou gekjs gkF g, rks ge nwljs dkekX eX brus ø;¬
r gT fd thou dk geX cks/ ugC gks ikrk4 ge thus eX brus ø;¬r gT fd thou
dk geX irk ugC py ikrk4 ge thus eX brus †;knk my>s gqS gT fd og tks th
ou dk dX– g,] vifjfpr jg tkrk g,4 bl laca/ eTus vkils dgk fd ;g cgqr iz
kFfed cks/ g,] tks euq‘; dks thou ds fodkl dh rjG] m®d"Z dh rjG] tho
u ds vuqHo dh rjG ys tkS4 ¬ej< vkuk pkfgS fd eT gwa4
Sd rks gekjs dke dh nqfu;k g,] tks ge dj jgs gT] vk,j Sd gekjk gksuk g,] t
ks ge gT4 Sd rks gekjh Lwbax vk,j dkekX dk txr g, vk,j Sd gekjs chbax dk]
gekjs gksus dh vk,j gekjh lRk dh nqfu;k g,4 ge lkjs yksx dke dh gh nqfu;k
eX lekîr gks tkrs gT vk,j mls ugC tku irs tks fd gekjk gksuk g,4 ge dke d
jrs gT] vk,j dke djrs gT] vk,j dke djrs gT] vk,j dke djrs gqS lekîr gks t
krs gT4 ysfdu ;g dk,u Fk tks dke ds Hhrj th jgk Fk` ;g dk,u Fk tks lc

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
dke ds ihNs [\Lk Fk` ;g dk,u Fk ftlus lkjs dke fdS vk,j lkjs dk ns[s` m
ldh rjG gekjh vka[X ugC mO ikrh gT4
eTus vkidks dgk fd mldh rjG vka[X u mOX rks thou eX dksB vkuan laHo ugC
g,] D;kXfd vkuan dk Ûksr rks ogka g,4 vk,j mldh vksj vka[X u mOX rks nq[ ls
eqDr gksuk vlaHo g,] D;kXfd nq[ g, flGZ blhfyS fd gekjh vka[X mldh rjG
ugC gT4 t,ls dksB vkneh lwjt dh rjG ihO dj ys vk,j Hkxrk tkS vk,j Hkx
rk tkS] mldh Nk;k mlds lkeus i\Lsxh] va/sjk mlds lkeus gksxk vk,j og jksS
vk,j fp¥ykS fd esjs thou eX va/sjk g,] va/sjk g,] eT D;k dWa` vk,j Hkxrk t
kS] ysfdu lwjt dh vksj vka[X u mOkS rks mlds thou ls va/sjk ugC feIsxk4
og yk[ mik; djs vk,j gtkjkX ehy dh ;k_kSa djX] Nk;k mlds lkeus gh i\Lr
h jgsxh4 ftlds ihNs lwjt gks mlds lekus Nk;k i\Lsxh] vk,j tks lwjt dh vksj
vka[X mOk ys mlds fyS Nk;k foyhu gks tkSxh vk,j thou izdk' ls Hj tkSxk
4
g, dksB lwjt gekjs Hhrj3gekjh lrk dk4 mldh rjG vka[X mOkuh gT4 ysfdu
igyh ckr gksxh fd ge tkuX fd ge gT4 ml laca/ eX eTus igys fnu vkils ckrX
dC4 nwljs fnu eTus bl laca/ eX ckr dh fd ;g eT dk,u gaw bldks ge [kstX4 d,
ls [kstXxs4 rks eTus vkils dgk] ∂e'A6 tks ge ugC gT mls tkuus ls mldh rjG
c\PXxs tks ge gT4 vxj ge Ohd ls tkurs pys tkS fd ;g eT ugC gwa] 'jhj eT
ugC gwa] eu eT ugC gwa] fopkj eT ugC gwa] rks /hjs7/hjs ge mldh rjG tkSaxs t
ks ge gT4 nks gh ckrX eg®oiw<Z gT3;g tkuuk fd eT gwa] vk,j fGj ;g [kst ysuk
fd eT dk,u gwa4 vkt eT bl laca/ eX dgwaxk fd ;g [kst d,ls fpR dh Hwfedk eX
gks ldrh g,4
vkius esjh ckrX lquh] vusd yksx eq>ls dgrs gT] ;g rks cgqr dfOu g,4 vc Sd
vkneh gks] Sd fdlku gks] cht mls ns fn;k tkS vk,j og igk\L ij pyk tkS
vk,j pÈku ij cht dks cksus yxs vk,j fGj okfil yk,Idj vkS fd cht rks t
y tkrs gT] ik,/s rks fudyrs ugC4 ;s cht dfOu g,] cgqr dOksj gT] buls dksB f
udysxk ugC4 rks mls D;k dgXxs` ge dgXxs fd cht cksS dgka Fs` dgC fdlh
pÈku ij cksus rks ugC pys xS Fs` cht rks c\Ls dksey Fs4 cht ls rks vadqj fu
dyus dks izfr {< m®lqd Fk4 ogka rks cht dks Gks\Ldj izk< fudyus dks ckgj
G,yus dh vkdka{k ls Hjs Fs4 ogka rks cht ds Hhrj tks vk®ek c,Oh Fh og lwjt
dh rjG mOus dks ykykf;r Fh4 ysfdu cht Lkys dgka Fs` vxj cht i®Fj i
j cksS xS Fs] iFjhyh tehu ij] rks Gy ugC ykSaxs4 rks eTus tks ckr dgC] o
g dfOu ekywe gks ldrh g,] vxj eu dh Hwfe iFjhyh gks] i®FjkX ls Hjh gks6
rks dfOu gks tkSxh4 rks eu dh Hwfe pkfgS mitkM4
eu dk [sr d,ls mitkM cu tkS mlds ckcr vkt ckr dWaxk4 cht ds ckcr
eTus vkils ckr dh] cht dks cksus dh vkdka{k ds ckcr ckr dh] ysfdu vyx

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
[sr ds ckcr ckr u dWa rks ckr v/wjh gks tkSxh4 vkt eT vkils ckr djuk
pkgwaxk fd fdl [sr eX ;g cht cksS tk ldrs gT` eu d,lk gks] rc ;g miy
fç/ gks ldrh g,4 fpR d,lk gks] fpR Hh Hwfedk d,lh gks fd fufæpr gh ;g c
gqr ljy gks tkrk g,4 vc cht dks dksB fdlku cksrk g, rks [Cp7[Cpdj mleX
ls vadqj Fks\Ls gh fudkyus i\Lrs gT2 cl] tehu eX cks nsus i\Lrs gT] tehu gks m
itkM] vadqj rks vius vki vk tkSxk4 vadqj dks [Cpdj fudkyuk ugC i\Lrk4
l®; dks Hh [Cpdj i,nk ugC djuk gksrk4 og rks vk tkSxk] Sd nGk Hwfe r,
;kj gks4 vk,j eT vkidks dg nwa] gekjs eu dh Hwfe cgqr iFjhyh g,] cgqr i®Fj
gT mleX4 vk,j ;s i®Fj fdlh vk,j us Lkys gksrs rks Hh dksB ckr Fh] ;s i®Fj
geus gh Lkys gqS gT4 ;s tehu geus gh iFjhyh dj yh g,4 geus gh bleX i®Fj
yk ykdj bdØs dj fnS gT vk,j vusd7vusd rjg ds i®Fj gT4 d,ls ;s i®Fj
vyx gks ldrs gT] D;k ;s i®Fj gT] mlds ckcr vkt vkils dgwaxk4
igyh ckr3tks eu cgqr †;knk 'çnkX ls Hjk gks] og eu l®; dks ugC tk ld
rk4 tks fpR 'çnkX ls cgqr Hjk gks] og fpR l®; dks ugC tku ldrk4 'çn l
cls †;knk i®Fj t,lh pht g, tks eu ij te tkS rks fGj dqN Hh ugC gks ld
rk4 vk,j ge lcds eukX eX cgqr 'çn c,Os gqS gT4 'çnkX us gekjs eukX dks fcydq
y Nk fy;k g,4 vxj vki vius Hhrj [kstXxs rks 'çnkX ds flok; vk,j D;k ikSa
xs` vxj vki vius Hhrj [kstus tkSaxs rks 'çn feyXxs] vk,j 'çn feyXxs] vk,j
'çn feyXxs vk,j 'çnkX dh geus ßlh iwtk dh g, fd tks vkneh 'çn j[s gqS gT]
ftlds ikl cgqr 'çn gT] tks cgqr 'çnkX dk iz;ksx dj ldrk g,] mldk ge cgq
r vknj djrs gT4 mldks ge iafLr dgrs gT] mldks fo}ku dgrs gT] mldks Kkuh
dgrs gT4 'çn dk ftlds ikl cgqr laxzg g,] ge dgrs gT og Kkuh g,4 tc fd
eT vkils dgwa] tks vius Hhrj fuA'çn gks tkrk g,] dsoy ogh Kku dks miyç/
gksrk g,4 'çnkX ls dksB Kkuh ugC gksrk4 'çnkX dh bl [ksys ds Hhrj vKku ek,
twn jgrk g,4 ;s 'çn Mij ls fpidkS xS gqS gT4 lc 'çn geus ckgj ls lh[s
gqS gT4 dksB 'çn vkids Hhrj ls vk;k gqvk ugC g,4 ;k fd vki lksprs gT fd
dksB 'çn vkids Hhrj ls vk;k gqvk g,` lc 'çn vkius ckgj ls lh[s gT4 tks
vkidks fl[k fn;k x;k g,] mu 'çnkX us vkids eu dks ?sj fy;k g,4
dksB vkneh Vgnw g,] dksB eqlyeku g,] dksB t,u g,4 ;g D;k g,` D;k dksB vkne
h Vgnw gksrk g,] dksB eqlyeku gksrk g,` ;g 'çnkX dk Hsn g,4 Sd rjg ds 'çn
fdlh dks fl[k fnS xS gT] og t,u g,4 nwljh rjg ds 'çn fdlh dks fl[k fnS
xS gT] og eqlyeku g,4 rhljh rjg ds 'çn fdlh dks fl[k fnS xS gT] og V
gnw g,4 vk,j gtkj rjg ds 'çnkX dh vo¬Fk g,] og geus lh[ fyS gT4 ;s 'çn
gekjs Hhrj c,O tkrs gT vk,j tc Hh ge fopkj djrs gT] tc Hh ge lksprs gT
rks og fopkj ¬ora_ ugC gks ikrk] bu 'çnkX ls ca/k gqvk gks tkrk g,4 bu 'çnkX
ls 'qW gksrk g, gekjk lc Vpru] gekjk lc fopkj4

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
'çn ls izkjaH gqvk Vpru vl®; gksrk g,4 'çn ls ca/k gqvk Vpru vl®; gksrk
g,] feƒ;k gksrk g,] D;kXfd vFZ gh ;g gqvk fd igys ls lh[s gqS 'çnkX ds ?sjs eX
?weus yxrs gT4 'çn dh c\Lh ijra_rk g,4 vk,j D;k eT vkidks dgwa] euq‘; ds bf
rgkl eX ftruh bl ijra_rk us euq‘; dks ih\Lk nh g,] nq[ fn;k g,] vk,j fdlh
ijra_rk us ugC fn;k4 ftruh g®;kSa vk,j VglkSa vk,j ftrus vukpkj gqS gT] b
u 'çnkX ds dkj<] vkbfL;ksykbt ds dkj<] laiznk;kX ds dkj<] fl0karkX ds dkj
< gqS gT4
euq‘; vk,j euq‘; ds chp 'çn ds vfrfjDr vk,j dksB nhokj ugC g,4 vk,j ;g xq
ykeh bruh xgjh g, fd bldk geX irk Hh ugC pyrk fd ge fdügC 'çnkX ds
xqyke gT4 vHh jke ds 'çn ds fojks/ eX dqN dg nwa4 vkids izk< fryfeyk tkSa
xs3Sd 'çn ds fojks/ eX dqN dg nwa4 vxj eT Î‘< ds fojks/ eX dqN dg nwa rks
vkids izk< fryfeyk tkSaxs3Sd 'çn ds fojks/ eX4 vxj eT ∂kb¬I dks dqN d
g nwa] egkohj dks dqN dg nwa rks vkids izk< fryfeyk tkSaxs4 Sd 'çn ds fojks
/ eX vkids izk< dai tkSaxs4 Sd 'çn vkids Mij bruk izHkoh g,4 Sd 'çn v
kidks id\L ys ldrk g, vk,j vkidh tku fyok ys ldrk g,4 Sd NksIk lk 'çn
vk,j vk,j vkids izk<kX dks cka/s jgrk g,4 yksgs dh tathjX bruh l“r ugC gksrh f
truk fpR ij 'çnkX dh tathjX gks tkrh gT4
esjs Sd fe_ tsy eX can Fs4 yk,Idj3eT Sd 'çnkX dh muls ckr dj jgk Fk3o
g eq>ls dgus yxs] ßlh Sd ?Iuk tsy eX ?Ih4 Sd d,nh muds lkF Fk4 vktk
nh ds fnukX dh ckr gksxh] Sd d,nh Hh muds lkF Fk4 ml d,nh dh c\Lh “;kfr
Fh] og d,lh Hh tathj dks rks\L ldrk Fk] d,lh Hh tathj dks] vk,j rks\Ldj f
n[k nsrk Fk4 vk,j d,lh Hh nhoky Gkandj Hkx ldrk Fk4 mlus vius tsyj d
ks dgk Hh] vxj eq>s ;g foæokl fnyk;k tkS fd eq>s okil ugC id\Lk tkS r
ks vki lkjk vk;kstu dj yks] eT rhu fnu ds Hhrj tsy ds ckgj gks tkMa4 vk,j
o,lh mldh lkeƒ;Z Fh4 esjs fe_ Hh ogka Fs4 os jkst lqcg c,Odj izkFZuk djkrs
Fs] os jke7jke dk ti djkrs Fs4 ml d,nh dks Hh mügkXus dgk] rqe Hh ml t
i eX vk;k djks4 mlus dgk] jke7jke ds te eX2 og Fk eqlyeku4 rks og eq>
ls dgus yxk fd og yksgs dh tathj rks\L ldrk Fk] ysfdu jke7jke ds ti eX
ugC c,O ldrk Fk4 mlds eu eX rks dksB vk,j nwljs 'çn c,Os gqS Fs4 jke dk t
i4
vHh Sd t,u lk/q esjs ikl esgeku Fs4 og lqcg mOs vk,j eq>ls dgus yxs] eq>s
>su eafnj tkuk g,4 eTus dgk] fdlfyS` D;k dke g,` og dgus yxs] vki Hh
D;k iwNrs gT` eafnj dksB fdlfyS tkrk g,` ogka ÷;ku dWaxk] 'kafr ls c,Owaxk]
vk®e7¬ej< dWaxk] Sdkar eX lkekf;d dWaxk] blfyS tkuk pkgrk gwa4 eTus d
gk] vki lp cksy jgs gT` blfyS tkuuk pkgrs gT` mügkXus dgk] eT >wO D;kX cks
ywaxk` blhfyS tkuk pkgrk gwa4 rks eTus dgk] ;gka dk >su eafnj tks g,] og rks

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
cktkj g,4 ogka c\Lh Hh\LHk\L g,] 'ksj7xqy g,4 esjs ikl eX Sd ppZ g,] c\Lk vdsy
k g, vk,j brokj dk fnu gksus ls ogka dksB ugC vkrk] D;kXfd Blkb;kX dk /eZ r
ks flGZ brokj ds fnu g,] vk,j fdlh fnu rks gksrk ugC4 rks ogka ppZ eX pys p
yX4 ogka dksB Hh ugC g,] c\Lk lUkIk g,] c\Lk vdsyk g,] c\Lk cxhpk g,4 ogh v
iuk ÷;ku djX] ogC viuk vk®e7¬ej< djX4
mügkXus dgk] ppZ2 vki dgrs D;k g,` rks eTus muls dgk] rks fGj vki >wO gh
dgrs gkXxs fd eT vk®e7¬ej< ds fyS tkuk pkgrk gwa4 vki t,u eafnj tkuk pkg
rs gkXxs] og 'çn c\Lk ew¥;oku g,4 vk®e7¬ej< ds fyS rks ppZ eX Hh c,O ldrs
gT] unh ds fdukjs Hh c,O ldrs gT4 t,u eafnj eX D;k ysuk nsuk g,` ;k Vgnw eaf
nj ls ;k ef¬tn ls ;k ppZ ls D;k ysuk7nsuk g,` ugC] ysfdu Sd 'çn gekjs e
u eX c\Lk xgjk gks tkuk g, vk,j 'çn dks ge id\Ldj c,O tkrs gT4 vk,j ge lc
'çnkX dks id\Ldj c,Os gT4 vk,j tks Hh 'çn dks id\Ldj c,Ok g,] og l®; rd
d,ls tkSxk` d,ls tk ldrk g,` l®; rd izos' ds fyS tWjh g, fd lc 'çn
Nks\L fnS tkS] lkjs 'çnkX dh id\L Nks\L nh tkS] rHh ;k_k gks ldrh g, ml
txr eX] rHh ge ¬o;a eX izfo‘I gks ldrs gT4
vki eq>s ugC id\Ls gqS gT] lekt fdlh dks ugC id\Ls gqS gT] ysfdu lekt ls
iznR 'çn] fl0kar] fopkj] 'k¬_] og euq‘; ds eu dks td\Ls gqS gT4 ogC ge
?wers gqS jg tkrs gT dks¥gw ds c,y dh rjg4 mügC7mügC 'çnkX dks thou Hj nks
gjkrs jg tkrs gT vk,j muls Mij mOus dk [;ky ugC vkrk4 'çn fdlus fnS
gT` 'çn rks lekt us fnS gT4 'çn rks nwljs us fnS gT ysfdu ek,u` ek,u fdlus
fn;k g,` fuA'çnrk fdlus nh g,` fdlh us Hh ugC nh4 og vkids ¬oWi dk fg¬
lk g,4 tks fdlh us ugC fn;k g,] mls gh [kstus ls ¬o;a dk irk pysxk] D;kXfd ¬
o;a dk l®; fdlh dk fn;k gqvk ugC g,4 ;g ¬o;a dh lRk fdlh dh nh gqB ug
C g,4 vkids Mij fdlh dk +< ugC g, blds fyS4 ;g vkidh viuh g,] fut
g,4 bl fut dh lRk dks tkuuk gks rks ij ls] nwljkX ls] vü;kX ls fnS xS 'çn
ck/k gks tkSaxs] QdkoI gks tkSaxs4
Sd lk/q Sd fnu lqcg7lqcg unh eX ¬uku djus dks mrjk gksxk4 vHh lwjt fu
dyk Hh ugC Fk vk,j rkjs Hh vkdk' eX Fs4 og ¬uku dj jgk g, vk,j ikl eX
gh ns[k] Sd vkneh LkXxh ij] NksIh uko ij lokj gqvk g,4 LkXxh dks [s jgk g,]
vk,j ikuh eX ys tkus dh dksf'' dj jgk g,4 ysfdu c\Lh nsj gks x;h mls irok
j pykrs] vk,j LkXxh g, fd ogC vIdh g,4 ml vkneh us fp¥ykdj iwNk laü;klh
dks fd ckr D;k g,] ;g LkXxh ;gh Qdh D;kX g,` eT bls xgjs eX ys tkuk pkgrk
gwa4 ml laü;klh us dgk] tgka rd eT lksprk gwa] rqe mldh tathj [ksyuk Hwy x
S gks4 rqe irokj rks GXd jgs gks] tksj ls pyk jgs gks ysfdu uko dh tathj f
dukjs ls ca/h gksxh4 og vkneh uhps mrjk] ns[k uko fdukjs ls ca/h g,4

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
ge lc Hh [suk pkgrs gT] l®; ds xgjs lkxj eX tkuk pkgrs gT] ;k_k djuk p
kgrs gT] vk®ek vk,j ijek®ek ls ifjfpr gksuk pkgrs gT thou ds vFZ dks] vfHiz
k; dks tkuuk pkgrs gT] ysfdu gekjs fpR dh tks tathj g,] og fdukjs ls ca/h
g,4 'çnkX ds fdukjs ls ca/h g,4 fdukjs unh ugC gT4 tgka fdukjkX dks Nks\L nsrk g,]
ogh dksB izokg eX vkrk g,4 fdukjs rks t\L gT vk,j unh dk izokg thfor g,4 th
ou rks thfor izokg g, vk,j mlds pkjkX rjG tks 'çn ds Gwy cu tkrs] fdukjs
cu tkrs gT4 mu fdukjkX ij vIds jgus ls dqN gksxk ugC4 ysfdu ge lc Qds
gT4 ge lc Ogjs gqS gT4 tc lksprs Hh gT fd geX l®; ikuk g, rks bu 'çnkX ds
fdlh ?sjs ij lksprs gT4
Sd eqlyeku esjs ikl vkrk g,] og eq>ls dHh ugC iwNrk fd iqutZüe gksrk g,
fd ugC` mldh fdrkc eX fy[k gqvk ugC g,4 Sd Vgnw vkrk g,] og iwNrk g,]
iqutZüe gksrk g, ;k ugC` mldh fdrkc eT fy[k gqvk g,4 Sd t,u eq>ls iwNrk
g,] vk®ek D;k g,` ysfdu t,u eq> ls dHh ugC iwNrk fd Û‘Ik ijek®ek D;k g,
` mldh fdrkc eX fy[k gqvk ugC g,4 Sd ck,0 esjs ikl vkrk g,] og ugC iwN
rk] vk®ek D;k g,` og iwNrk g,] vuk®ek D;k g,` mldh fdrkc eX vk®ek ugC
fy[h gqB g,] vk®ek fy[h gqB g,4 tks ftldh fdrkc eX fy[k gqvk g,] ml dh
iwNrk g,4
;s fdrkc ls mOs gqS izæu ok¬rfod ugC gT4 ;g 'çnkX ls ca/k gqvk fdukjk g,4 o
k¬rfod izæu vxj gkXxs rks Vgnw dk] eqlyeku dk] BlkB dk vyx7vyx d,ls gks
ldrk g,` og rks thou dk gksxk vk,j lcdk gksxk vk,j leku gksxk4 ok¬rfod
le¬;k euq‘; dh gksrh g,4 >wOh le¬;k fdrkc dh gksrh g,] 'çn dh gksrh g,4
bu >wOh le¬;kvkX dks ysdj tks [kst eX fudyrs gT] os rks dHh ugC igqap ldrs
4 vusd yksx eq>ls dgrs gT] ge Bæoj dks [kst jgs gT4 eT muls dgrk gwa] ftl
dk rqégX irk gh ugC g,] mldks [kstksxs d,ls` d,ls [kstksxs` fdlh fdrkc eX i\P
fy;k gksxk] Bæoj g,] [kstus fudy i\Ls dksB eq>ls dgrk g,] ge vk®ek dks [ks
tus pys gT4 ftl vk®ek dk rqégX irk ugC g,] mls [kstksxs d,ls` D;kX [kstus py
i\Ls gks` fdlh us dg fn;k g,] blfyS` ugC] tc thou dh [qn dh le¬;k v
k,j î;kl txrh g,] vk,j thou ds rƒ; [qn fn[k;h i\Lus 'qW gksrs gT vk,j vius7
vki vKku dk cks/ gksrk g,3fdlh us dgus ls ugC] cf¥d thou ds vuqHo ls6
tc fn[rk g, fd eT Sdne vKku ds f?jk gqvk gwa] eq>s dqN Hh irk ugC] esjs
gksus dk irk ugC] eq>s vius thou dk dksB dwy7fdukjk irk ugC] eq>s dksB fn
'k dk vuqeku ugC] eq>s thou ds fdlh vk;ke dk] fdlh ?sjs dk dksB laidZ u
gC4 eT ;g d,lk gwa` ;g esjh D;k f¬Ffr g,` tc ;g ih\Lk euq‘; dks id\Lrh g,
rks mldh ftKklk 'çnkX dh ugC gksrh g,] l®; dh gks tkrh g,4 'çnkX dh ftKkl
k euq‘; dks iafLr cuk ldrh g,] ysfdu izKkoku ugC4 vk,j iafLr bl txr eX
lcls c\Lh ck/k g, izKk rd mOus eX3[qn ds fyS] [qn ds fyS ck/k g,4 'çn m

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
lus lh[ fyS vk,j mügC dks nksgjkrk jgsxk] nksgjkrk jgsxk vk,j 'çnkX ds o1R eX
?werk jgsxk] ?werk jgsxk vk,j [wc rdZ djsxk] [wc fopkj djsxk] ysfdu dgC
igqapsxk ugC] igqap ldrk ugC4
'çn dks Nks\Ldj xfr g,] fdukjs dks Nks\Ldj ;k_k g,4 rks igyh ckr vkils dgu
k pkgwaxk] fpR dks 'çnkX dh nklrk ls eqDr dj yX4 'çnkX dh tathjkX ls ca/k gq
vk fpR dHh Hh l®; dks ugC tku ldsxk4 fGj pkgs os tathjX fdlh dh gkX3os
nkar dh gkX] fd ck,0 /eZ dh gks] fd t,u /eZ dh gkX] os 'çn dh tathjX eu dks
id\LX jgXxh] rc rd dgC vki tk ugC ldrs4 cgqr lkgl pkfgS tathjX rks\L
nsus dks4 D;kXfd vki dgXxs] tathjX rks\L nsus dks D;k lkgl pkfgS` cgqr dfOu
g, tathj dks rks\L nsuk4 blfyS dfOu g, fd /hjs7/hjs tathj dks Hh ge izse dj
us yxrs gT4 og Hh gekjs thou dk fg¬lk gks tkrh g,4 og Hh gekjh ifjfpr g
ks tkrh g, vk,j yxus yxrk g,] blds fcuk d,ls th ldXxs` d,ls th ldXxs`
ogka Ìkal eX jk†; ∂kafr gqB rks os¬Ihy us fdys eX cgqr ls d,nh can Fs4 ∂kafrdkf
j;kX us lkspk] lcls igys t,ls gh muds gkF eX lRk vk;h fd tkSa vk,j os¬Ihy
ds fdys dks rks\L nX vk,j d,fn;kX dks eqDr dj nX4 mügkXus lkspk] ge c\Lk dke d
jus tk jgs gT4 ßlk Hze cgqr yksxkX dks id\Lrk g,3cq0 dks di\Lk] egkohj dks]
lqdjkr dks] ∂kb¬I dks4 ßlk Hze cgqr yksxkX dks id\Lrk g, fd tkSa vk,j d,fn;
kX dks eqDr dj nX4 ∂kafrdfj;kX dks Hh id\Lk fd tkS vk,j d,fn;kX dks eqDr dj
nX4 d,nh fdrus izlU gks tkSaxs2 og xS vk,j mügkXus tkdj nhoky rks\L nh vk,j
d,fn;kX ls dgk] tkvks] rqe eqDr gks4 izlU gksvks] ukpks vk,j dwnks vk,j xkvks] vk
uafnr gksvks4 ysfdu d,nh c\Ls ?cjkSa gqS [\Ls Fs fd og dg D;k jgs gT` ogka rks
lcls iqjkus t?ü; vijk/h j[s tkrs Fs ftügX vkthou dh d,n gksrh Fh4 dksB
chl o"Z dh mez eX vk;k Fk vk,j v¬lh o"Z gks x;k Fk4 lkO lky] gkF dh ta
thjX og Hwy x;k Fk fd gkF ls vyx gT4 lkO lky2 tathjX gkF eX FC vk,j gk
F eX jgh FC4 Hwy gh x;k Fk fd gkF ls vyx gT4 t,ls gkF eX vius] o,ls gh
tathj Hh viuh gks x;h Fh4 lquk fd ¬ora_2 lquk fd eqDr2 cgqr csp,u vk,j i
js'ku gks xS4 Sd u;h nqfu;k eX dgka /Dds nsrs gks` cgqr yksxkX us dgk] ge O
hd gT4 ge tgka g, ogC Ohd g,4 vki Îik djks] ;s gekjh dksOfj;ka dkGh vπNh
gT4 os fcydqy va/dkj ls Hjh gqB dksOfj;ka FC vk,j gkF7i,j eX tathjX FC4 ysfd
u Hkstu fey tkrk Fk] ogka os i\Ls jgrs Fs4 va/sjs eX vknh gks xS Fs4 ysfdu ∂
kafrdkfj;kX dks rks ikxyiu lokj Fk yksxkX dks eqDr djus dk4 mügkXus rks mudks
/Ddk fn;k vk,j ckgj fudky fn;k] tathjX rq\Lok nC4 ysfdu fdruk nq[n g,]
lka> dks va/s d,nh okil yk,I vkS] vk,j ;g dksB dgkuh guC g,] ;g ßfrgkfld
rƒ; g,4 vk,j mu d,fn;kX us dgk] vki {ek djX] ge ij Îik djX] ge tgka gT
] ogka jgus nX4 ckgj cgqr H; ekywe gksrk g,4

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
vk,j eT tc vkils dgrk gwa] 'çn dh tathjX rks\L nX] eT tc vkils dgrk gwa] eqD
r gks tkS rks eT tkurk gwa fd o,lh ?cjkgI Hhrj ljdrh gksxh4 d,ls rks\L nX]
d,ls eqDr gks tkSa] ;gh rks gekjh laink g,] ;gh rks ge lc gT] ;gh rks 'k¬_
gekjs izk< gT vk,j dgrs gT Nks\L nX` vk,j budks Nks\Ldj fGj ge dgka tkSaxs`
eT tc cksyrk gwa] rc Hh vkids eu eX vki fglkc fcOkrs jgrs gT fd fdl 'k¬
_ ds vuqdwy g, ;g ckr4 ijlkX ;gka ls fudyk] Sd fe_ us dgk] vki tks dg
jgs gT ogh g, u] tks xhrk eX gT` os larq‘I gks tkuk pkgrs Fs] viuh fdrkc dks
id\Ls jgX4 eTus lkspk] Ohd g,] vk,j eT buls D;k dgwa` ogh g, u tks xhrk eX g,`
vk,j eT rks dqN cksyk gh ugC] mügkXus [qn gh dgk] gka] fcydqy Ohd6 ogh g,4
vk,j os fufæpr pys xS4 og os¬Ihy dk d,nh tks Fk] 'ke dks ?j okil yk,I
vk;k d,n eX4 vk,j mlus dgk] Îik djX4 ;gh rks nqfu;k g,] dgka vki ckrX dj
jgs gT2 vki] tc eT cksy jgk gwa] rc Hh viuh fdrkc ls esy fcOkrs tkrs gT f
d egkohj ¬okeh us ;g dgk g, fd ugC] cq0 us ;g dgk g, fd ugC] ∂kb¬I us
;g dgk g, fd ugC4 vxj ;gh dgk rks fcydqy Ohd g,] vxj ugC dgk rks fG
j cgqr c\Lc\L g,4 fGj vkids 'çnkX eX fnDdr gks tkSxh4 fGj vkidks v\Lpu g
ks tkSxh4 Hhrj fGj esjs 'çn x\Lus yxXxs] ysfdu eT pkgrk gwa fd 'çn x\L tkS
vk,j eT pkgrk gwa fd Hhrj rqyuk u djX4 D;kXfd rqyuk dh fd vki fGj uCn
eX lks tkrs gT4 Sd djoI ys yh vk,j fGj lks xS4 fGj yxk fd fcydqy Ohd
g,] ogh rks g,] tks ge ekurs Fs4 fGj vki lks xS4
ugC] Îik djX] rqyuk er djX] iqjkus 'çnkX ls esy u fcOk yX] cf¥d lkspX4 lkspX
Fks\Lk4 ugC dgrk gwa] xhrk xyr g,4 ugC dgrk gwa] dqjku xyr g,4 ugC dgrk
gwa] dksB xyr g,4 ugC dgrk gwa] dksB lgh g,4 ysfdu ftl fnu vki lc gIkd
j [qn dks tkuXxs] ml fnu tWj ;s lc /eZ'k¬_ l®; gks tkSaxs] ysfdu mdls i
gys ugC4 mlds igys lc vl®; gT4 ftl fnu vki vius futh l®; dks tkuXxs]
ml fnu lc /eZ'k¬_ Sd gh lkF l®; gks tkSaxs4 ysfdu mlds igys lc xyr
g, vkids fyS4 vkids fyS 'çn ls †;knk ugC g,4 mu 'çnkX dks bdØk djrs jgX
xs vk,j mu 'çnkX ls ca/s jgXxs rks dgC Hh tk ugC ldrs4 l®; dh [kst eX] ¬o;a
dh [kst eX 'çnkX ls eqDr gks tkuk igyh 'rZ g,4 eqDr gks tkSa] rks\L nX ;s tat
hjX] ;s tathjX fn[k;h ugC i\Lrh4 eu eX [kstXxs rks fn[k;h i\LXxh4 eu eT [kstXxs
rks Kkr gksxk] tathjX c\Lh xgjh gT4
vHh eT vk;k ftl fnu] esjs Sd fe_ Sd fpØh ysdj vkS] ml fpØh eX fdlh
us gfj vkse] gfj vkse] gfj vkse] gfj vkse fy[ fn;k gqvk Fk4 vk,j uhps fy[
fn;k Fk fd vxj blh Hkafr dh nl fpfØ;ka vkius fy[dj nl yksxkX dks ugC
LkyC] rks ¬ej< j[uk fd Hxoku naL nsxk4 vk,j vxj LkyC rks nl fnu ds Hh
rj bldk ykH Hh feysxk4 vc og ?c\Lk xS4 og esjs ikl vkS4 LkDIj gT] i\
Ps7fy[s gT4 vc ßls LkDIj ls ejhtkX dk bykt djokuk c\Lk [rjukd g,4 bueX

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
foKku dh rks cqf0 ugC g,] bueX lkbal dh rks dksB cqf0 ugC g,] bueX dksB cqf
0 ugC g,4os fpØh ysdj vkS] eTus dgk] ;g rks Ohd g,] ysfdu vkbank3dHh7d
Hh eT chekj i\Lrk Fk4 esjk bykt djrs Fs3vc esjk bykt dHh er djuk4 c
ksy] D;kX` eTus dgk] vkidk fnekx gh vulkbafIfGd g,] vkidk fnekx gh t\L
g,4
?c\Lk D;kX xS bleX` ?c\LkgI gks x;h fd dgC Hxoku naL u ns ns2 Sd7nks 'ç
n] vk,j izk< dkai xS muds4 os nl fpfØ;ka fy[dj ys vkS fd eT fdl7fdlds
irs ij Lky nwa2 Sd 'çn3eT Vgnw gwa vk,j gfj vkse] gfj vkse fy[k gqvk g,4 gk
ykafd mleX v¥ykg7g¥ykg fy[k gqvk gksrk rks csfGdj ls Gk\Ldj GXd nsrs] mü
gX dksB Lj ugC gksrk4 dksB Lj dh ckr u Fh4 Sd eqlyeku Sd Vgnw ds eafnj
dks rks\Ldj GXd nsrk g,4 tjk Hh H;Hhr ugC gksrk] D;kXfd mlds 'çn blds f
ojks/ eX i\Lrs gT4 ysfdu vki] vxj Hxoku dh ew√r dks i,j yx tkS rks izk<
dkai tkSaxs] D;kXfd Hxoku dh ew√r~~~2 vk,j eqlyeku mlh dks rks\Lrs jgs vk,j
os [q' gksrs jgs vk,j vkids izk< dkai tkSaxs4 Sd eqlyeku eafnj dks vkx yxk
ns rks fnDdr ugC gksrh] ysfdu ef¬tn dks vkx yxk ns rks izk< dkai tkSaxs4 D
;kX` Sd 'çn id\L ysrk g,4
Vgnw dks] eqlyeku dks] t,u dks lcdks id\Ls gqS gT4 vk,j ge lc 'çnkX ds xqyke
g, vk,j 'çnkX dh xqykfe;kX eX caIs gqS gT4 vk,j bu xqykfe;kX ds vyx7vyx >aLs
gT4 vk,j bu xqykfe;kX ds vyx7vyx laxOu gT4 vk,j mu xqykfe;kX dks iks"< ns
us ds fyS fujarj izpkj py jgk g,4 lk/q g,] laü;klh gT] iafLr gT] ;g lc py
jgk g, fd og 'çn dh xqykeh u IwIus ikS4
cki cπps ds i,nk gksrs gh mldks xqyke djuk 'qW dj nsrk g,4 fl[kuk 'qW dj
nsrk g, fd rqe dk,u gks` rqégkjk foæokl D;k g,` rqégkjk /eZ D;k g, fd rqe
dk,u gks` rqégkjk foæokl D;k g,` rqégkjk /eZ D;k g,` eafnj dk,u lk g, rqégkjk
` gtkjkX o"k˜ ls pyh vkrh xqykeh dks og vius cπps eX la∂fer dj nsrk g,4
blls c\Lk dksB iki ugC4 ftl ø;fDr dks ¬o;a l®; ikuk gks og ¬ej< j[s fd
nwljs dks l®; ds laca/ eX 'çn u fl[kS] ftKklk fl[kS fd [kstuk] tkuuk] iz
k<kX dks le√ir djuk] [kstuk] vius iwjs izk<kX dks yxk nsuk vk,j tkuus dh dksf
'' djuk fd D;k g,2 ysfdu 'çnkX dks er lh] ysuk nwljkX ds4 nwljkX ds 'çn l
h[s gqS rksrkX dh Hkafr gks tkrs gT vk,j mudks ge nksgjkrs jgrs gT4
eTus lquk g, fd 'adj] vkpk;Z 'adj tc eaLu feJ ds ikl fookn djus dks igqa
ps] xkao eX og og izfo‘I gqS vk,j mügkXus yksxkX ls iwNk fd eaLu dk Hou dgka
g,` dqSa ij f¬_;ka ikuh HjrC FC4 mügkXus dgk] ;g Hh dksB iwNus dh ckr g,`
eaLu dh dh√r rks nwj7nwj fnxar eX ø;kîr gks jgh g,4 mlds edku dk Hh dksB
irk yxkuk g,` fGj Hh 'adj us dgk] d,ls eT igpkuwaxk brus c\Ls uxj eX fd
eaLu dk Hxoku dgka g,` f¬_;kX us dgk] tkvks] ftl Hou ds vklikl i{h Hh

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
osn ds ea_kX dk mπpkj djrs gkX] le> ysuk fd eaLu dk Hou vk x;k4 c\Lh
iz'alk eX mu f¬_;kX us dgk fd ftlds vklikl i{h Hh osn ds ea_kX dk mπpkj
djrs gkX] le> ysuk fd eaLu dk Hou vk x;k4
ysfdu nq[ rks ;g g, fd i{h gh vxj osn ds ea_ dk mπpkj djrs gkX rks Hh O
hd] vkneh Hh if{;kX dh Hkafr osn ds ea_kX dk mπpkjdj jgs gT4 iafLr Hh ogh
dj jgs gT4 lh[s gqS 'çn gT] mudks nksgjkS pys tk jgs gT] mudks nksgjkS pys
tk jgs gT4 ;g euq‘; dh t\Lrk dh lwpuk g,] mlds Kku dh ugC4 t\L tks cqf0
gksrh g,] og nwljkX dks iquQDr djrh g,4 vk,j tks psru cqf0 gksrh g,] og ¬o;a
eX izfo‘I gksrh g, vk,j fdlh ek,fyd thou ds vk/kj dks [kstus dh ps‘Ik djr
h g,4 'çn ij psru ø;fDr Qdrk ugC] t\L ø;fDr Qd tkrk g,4og bfL;kfId e
kbaL dk y{< g,4 og t\L cqf0 dk y{< g,] og 'çn ij Qd tkrk g,4 'çn d
ks id\L ysrk g,] 'çn dks ;kn dj ysrk g, vk,j mldks nksgjkus yxrk g,] vk,j fG
j nksgjkus eX etk vkus yxrk g,4 D;kXfd ftruk †;knk nksgjkrk g,] mruk vk,j
vπNk nksgjkus yxrk g,4 ftruk vk,j vπNk nksgjkrk g,] lqfo/kiw<Z gks tkrk g,4
/hjs7/hjs mls yxrk g,] ;gh l®; g,4 D;k vki lcdks Hh] ge lcdks Hh ßlk g
h ugC yx jgk g,` ftu 'çnkX dks ge ckj7ckj lqurs vk,j nksgjkrs gT os l®; ek
ywe gksrs gT4 SLks¥G fgIyj us viuh vk®edFk eX Sd opu fy;k g,] cgqr vFZ
iw<Z g,4 fgIyj vius vk®edFk eX Sd NksIk lk opu fy[k g,] fdlh Hh vl®;
dks ckj7ckj nksgjkvks] /hjs7/hjs og l®; gks tkrk g,4 fdlh Hh vl®; dk [wc
izpkj djks] yksxkX ds eu eX iquQDr gksus nks] iquQDr gksrs7gksrs gh og mügX l®
; ekywe gksus yxsxk4
D;k geus gtkjkX ßlh gh ckrkX dks ¬ohdkj ugC dj fy;k g,] ftügX ge ugC tku
rs fd os l®; gT] ;k vl®;` D;k fdlh cgqr xgjs izpkj vk,j izksisxaLk us gekjs
eukX eX dqN 'çn izfo‘I ugC dj fnS gT` flok; blds vk,j gekjh laifR D;k g,
` gekjs fpR dh vk,j laifR D;k g, flok; izpkfjr 'çnkX ds`
mUhl lk, lUg eX ∂kafr gks x;h Wl eX4 ogka tks yksx gqdwer eX vkS] muds 'ç
nkX dk i,IuZ vk,j Pkapk nwljk Fk4 iqjkuk 'çnkX dk Pkapk Fk Bæoj] mudk Pkapk
Fk Bæoj ugC4 iqjkus 'çnkX dk Pkapk Fk vk®ek] mudk Pkapk Fk vk®ek ugC4 iqj
kus 'çn dqN vk,j dgrs Fs3os ckbfcy dks nksgjkrs Fs6 os nksgjkrs Fs dkyZ ekDlZ
dks] d,fiIy dks nksgjkrs Fs4 mudk 'çn u;k Fk] muds 'çn dk Pkapk u;k Fk4
rhl7pkyhl lky mügkXus esgur dh] lq>k;k yksxkX dks] le>k;k4 djks\L7djks\L yks
x mügC 'çnkX dks nksgjkus yxs4 nksgjkus dh vknr iqjkuh Fh4 igys vk®ek7ijek®
ek nksgjkrs Fs] ¬oxZ7udZ] vksfjtuy flu dh ckrX djrs Fs] vc dé;qfu†e dh ck
rX djus yxs4 Bæoj ugC g,] /eZ vGhe dk u'k g,] ;g dgus yxs4 vc uS 'çn
nksgjkus yxs4 ysfdu 'çn ls NqIdkjk ugC gksrk g,4 Sd 'çn gIrk g,] nwljk 'ç
n id\L ysrk g,4

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
eT tks vkils dg jgk gwa] blfyS ugC fd vki vk,j 'çn Nks\L nX] esjs 'çn id\L
yX4 og Sd gh ckr gks x;h4 og rks ew[Zrk ogh jgh] iqjkuh jgh] dksB GdZ u
gqvk4 vc eq>s yksx feyrs gT] os dgrs gT] geX rks vkidh ckr fcydqy Ohd y
xrh g,4 os esjh ckr nksgjkus yxrs gT] eT Sdne ?c\Lk tkrk gwa4 eT ;gh rks dg
jgk gwa fdlh vk,j dh ckr vkidks Ohd u yxs4 lc ckrX nwljkX dh Nks\L nX4 ml
eX eT Hh lféefyr gwa] D;kXfd eT Hh nwljk gwa4 vk,j ml txg pyX tgka fd fdlh
nwljs dh ckr izos' ugC djrh] vki ¬o;a gT4
vHh eT iwuk x;k Fk] rks ogka dh unh ij eTus ns[k] nwj7nwj rd gjs ikuh ds ik,
/s us unh dks ?sj fy;k g,4 gjh unh tks g,] fcydqy ik,/k gh ik,/k gks x;h g,4
ehykX rd flGZ ik,/kX dk fo¬rkj gks x;k g, vk,j ikuh fcydqy Pad x;k g,4 irk
gh guC pyrk fd ikuh g,4 mls ns[dj eT lkspus yxk] vkneh dk eu Hh ßls
gh g,4 'çnkX ds ik,/s G,yrs pys xS gT vk,j mügkXus iwjs eu dks ?sj fy;k g, vk,j
ihNs irk gh guC pyrk fd thou dksB ikuh Hh g,4 vc mudks tjk gIkSa] ik,/
kX dks] rks uhps fey tkSxk4 'çnkX dks Fks\Lk gIkSa rks uhps izk< fey tkSaxs] l®
; fey tkSxk4 igyh 'rZ g,] 'çnkX dks gIkSa4 lkgl ds lkF 'çnkX dks vyx d
jX] 'çnkX dh t\Lrk dks rks\Ls vk,j vius dks p,rü; djX] vius dks t\L u cukS4 n
ksgjkus okyk eu t\L gks tkrk g,4 vly eX nksgjkus dh f∂;k gh t\Lrk dk y{<
g,4 Sd e'hu g,] og fujarj gh nksgjkrh jgrh g,4 e'hu dHh x\Lc\L ugC dj
rh] dHh chp eX vfu;ferrk ugC djrh4 bjjsxqyfjIh uke dh pht e'hu eX
ugC gksrh] D;kXfd og t\L g,4 vk,j vxj vkidk eu Hh e'hu dh rjg nksgjkrk
jgrk g,] jkst lqcg mOdj xhrk i\P ysrk g, Ohd Ng cts ls ysdj lkr cts r
d] jkr dks Ohd feuIkX eX izkFZuk dj ysrk g,] Ohd iqjkus 'çnkX eX Hxoku ls ck
rX dj ysrk g,] jkst7jkst djrk tkrk g, pkyhl lky rd] rks vki t\L gks tkv
ksxs] e'hu gks tkvksxs4 vkids Hhrj p,rü; dk y{< gh ugC jgk4
p,rü; dk y{< rks lgt ¬Gqj<k g,] fjihIh'u ugC4 ysfdu dksB eq>s dy fy[
dj iwNk fd vxj ge jke7jke dk ti djX rks D;k ykH gksxk` ykH gksxk D;k
2 eqnkZ gks tkvksxs4 ykH ;g gksxk fd cqf0 u‘I gks tkSxh4 ykH ;g gksxk fd ps
ruk foyhu gks tkSxh4 ykH ;g gksxk fd Sd t\L vkneh dh rjg thus yxksxs
vk,j le>ksxs fd cgqr c\Lh ckr gks x;h4 dksB pht ckj7ckj nksgjkus ls eu dh
psruk dks {h< dj tkrh g,4 nksgjkuk ugC] psruk dks txkuk g, vk,j psruk dks
txkus ds fyS ¬Gqj<k ykuh g, vk,j ¬Gqj<k ds fyS 'çnkX dks gIkuk g,4 eT dksB
ti vk,j ea_ dk i{ikrh ugC gwa4 mügkXus rks euq‘; ds eu ds uhps ls ys tkdj
u‘I dj fn;k g,4 lc gIk nX eu dks vk,j fuA'çn eX pyX4 dks gIkSa vk,j fuA'ç
n eX pyX4 fopkj dks gIkSa vk,j fu√opkj eX pys4 igys rks ;g cks/ eu eX ys
vkS fd 'çn ls eqDr gks tkuk g, rks l®; dh ;k_k gks ldrh g,4

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
nwljh ckr3'çn ls eqDr gksuk g, vk,j neu ls fjDr gksuk g,4 tks eu cgqr neu
djrk g, og eu cgqr tfIy] cgqr déiy,Dl vk,j cgqr vkarfjd daI≠kfLD'al
vlaxfr;k eX] fojks/ eX i\L tkrk g,4 ge pk,chl ?aIs vius ls y\L jgs gkXxs4 rks
y\Lus okyk eu /hjs7/hjs viuh 'fDr rks [ksrk gh g,] viuh 'fDr rks viø;;
djrh gh g,] cgqr lh tfIyrkSa [\Lh dj ysrk g, ftudk geX ¬ej< ugC gksrk
g,4 ∂ks/ vk;k] ∂ks/ dks nck fn;k4 dksB okluk mOh] okluk dks nck fy;k4 lsD
l dk Hko gqvk] mls nck fy;k` nckdj lc phtX tkSaxh dgka` nckus ls phtX
dgka tkSaxh` nckus ls phtX rks vkids Hhrj ds gh vrA izdks‘OkX eX izfo‘I gks t
kSaxh4 cgqr xgjs eX Hh vkids gh vudkalsl eX] vkids gh eu ds vpsru rykX i
j pyh tkSaxh] ogka c,O tkSaxh4 mudh t\LX vk,j xgjh gks x;C4 t,ls fdlh vkn
eh dks fdlh o1{ ls fojks/ gks vk,j tehu eX x\Lk ns rks mldh t\LX vk,j xgjh
uhps c,O tkS4
vki tc Hh dksB pht nck jgs gT tcnZ¬rh rks ogka vk,j xgjs eX c,O tkSaxh vk,j
vkids fpR dks Hhrj ls ejks\Lus yxsxh] id\Lus yxsxh4 Hhrj ls csp,fu;ka] v'ka
fr;ka i,nk djus yxXxh vk,j rc vkids fpR dh lkjh ljyrk u‘I gks tkSxh4 ds
oy ogh fpR ljy gks ldrk g,] tks neu ls eqDr gks] tks lizs'u ls eqDr gks4
ugC rks fpR rks dkaîysDl gksxk] tfIy gksxk4 tfIy fpR d,ls l®; dks tku lds
xk` tfIy fpR rks Hhrj tkus eX gh Ljrk g,4
eq>s dB izæu Fs] ftueX fy[k g, fd ge rks vdsys eX c,Ors gT rks c\Lh cqjh Hko
ukSa vkus yxrh gT4 blfyS vki dgrs gT vdsys eX c,Oks4 ge rks vdsys eX c,Ors
gT rks flok; iki ds dksB fopkj ugC mOrs gT vk,j vki dgrs gT] vdsys eX c,Oks]
futh gks tkvks4 rks gekjs /eZxqQ vk,j gekjs l®lax nsus okys yksx rks ;g dgrs
gT fd dHh vdsys er jgks] ges'k l®lax djrs jgks] ftleX fd cqjh HkoukSa u
vkS4 ikxy gqS gT4 vdsys eX tks cqjh HkoukSa vkrh gT] os crk jgh gT fd vki
ds Hhrj cqjh HkoukSa gT4 l®lax eX vxj tkdj vπNh HkoukSa vkus yxX vk,j
vdsys eX cqjh HkoukSa vkS rks le>uk vlyh ugC g,] vlyh rks vdsys eX tks m
O jgk g,] ogh g,4 nwljs dh ckrX lqudj Fks\Lh nsj vπNk Hko cuk jgk rks mldk
D;k ew¥; g,` ew¥; rks mldk g, tks vkids Hhrj g,] ogh vkids lkF jgsxk4 d
ksB l®lax vkids lkF ugC jgsxk] l®; vkids lkF jgsxk4 vxj ;gh l®; g, fd
esjs Hhrj cqjkb;ka gT] rks HkxX er] ?cLkSa er] nckS er4 mügX tkuX] igpkuX4
jk¬rk g, muds foltZu dk] jk¬rk g, muds ifjorZu dk] jk¬rk g, muds I≠kalGk
e∆'u dk4 neu jk¬rk ugC g,4 esjh ckr lqudj yxrk g,] fGj D;k ge Hksx d
jX` ∂ks/ vk tkS rks ∂ks/ djX` okluk vk tkS rks okluk dks iwjk djX` D;k
djX` ugC] eT dgrk fd Hksx djX4 ysfdu vxj dksB eq>ls iwNrk gks fd neu v
k,j Hksx ex ls fdldks pquX rks eT dgwaxk] Îik djX vk,j Hksx dks pqu yX4 de ls
de Hksx lgt g,] u,l√xd g,4 †;knk ls †;knk i'q gkXxs4 ysfdu vxj neu dks

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
pquk rks ikxy gks tkSaxs4 vu,l√xd g,] tcnZ¬rh g,] veukso,Kkfud g,4 dksB foKk
u u mlds leFZu eX g,] u gks ldrk g,4 u dHh jgk g,4 tks tkurs jgs gT os Hh
dHh mlds i{ eX ugC jgs gT4
ysfdu Sd rhljk jk¬rk Hh g,4 u rks Hksx dks pquus dh tWjr g, u neu dh4
u i'q gksus dh tWjr g,] u ikxy gksus dh4 tWjr g, eqDr gksus dh4 vk,j Sd
vk,j rhljk jk¬rk g,] mldh eT vkils ckr djrk gwa4 ysfdu mldks [;ky eX yk
us ds igys vkids eu eX yx jgk gksxk fd t¥nh eT crkMa fd dk,u7lk jk¬rk g,
4 ;g D;kX yx jgk g,` vki tkurs g,` ;g blfyS yx jgk g, fd neu dh geX
rks cgqr vknr g,4 vxj og jk¬rk fey tkS rks mlh ls nck nX4 nckuk rks ∂ks
/ dks g,] nckuk rks lsDl dks g,] u‘I rks budks djuk gh g,4 vki crk nX] dksB
jk¬rk g, rks mlh ls dj nX4
ugC] blfyS eT igys vkidks ;g dgwa fd igys le> yX fd ;g neu D;k g,`
vk,j neu dk Hko Nks\L nX4 nckus ls dHh dqN ugC gksrk g,4 fpR foÎr gksrk
tkrk g,4 dqWi gksrk tkrk g,] dqWi ls dqWi gksrk tkrk g,4 lcls c\Lh v≈yhusl
vxj dksB gks ldrh g, rks lizs¬L ekbaL g,] og nck gqvk eu g,4 og gj pht d
ks nckS gqS gT4 mldh gj pht dqWi gks tkrh g,3gj pht4 vxj og Gwy dks
Nwrk g, rks mlds izk< dkai tkrs gT] D;kXfd Hhrj mlus nck;k gqvk g, dqN4 vx
j og fdlh lqanj Wi dks ns[rk g, rks mlds izk< dkai tkrs gT] D;kXfd Hhrj dq
N nck;k gqvk g,4 mlds thou eX lc dqWi gks tkrk g,] lc ?c\LkgI] lc csp,u
h] lc eqfædy gks tkrh g,4 og pk,chl ?aIs pk,dUk vk,j Ljk gqvk jgus yxrk g,
] H;Hhr gks tkrk g,4 gj oDr mls Lj yx jgk g, fd dgC ;g u gks tkS] d
gC og u gks tkS4 og ncs gqS osx Mij vkuk pkgrs gT] vk,j nck nsrs gT vki D
;kXfd f'{k fl[krh g,3Hksx cqjk g,] ∂ks/ djuk cqjk g,] izse djuk cqjk g,] ?1<k
djuh cqjh g,] lc cqjk g,4 gj pht cqjh g,] bldks nckvks4 rks nckus dk Hko f
'{k lh[krh g,] bldks nckvks4 eT vkidks dgrk gwa] nckvks ugC] bldks cnyks n
ckvks ugC] bls ifjo√rr djks4 ;s lc 'fDr;ka gT] ftügX nckuk ugC] cf¥d I≠kal
GkeZ djuk g,] cnyuk g,4 ;s rks 'fDr;ka gT4
D;k vkidks ;g dHh [;ky eX vk;k g,] bl txr eX tks yksx ije cz‰p;Z dks
miyç/ gqS gT] os dk,u yksx Fs` D;k os yksx Fs ftuds ikl lsDl dh 'fDr ugC
Fh` ugC] ;s os gh yksx Fs ftuds ikl lsDl dh vfr 'fDr Fh4 ogh vfr 'fD
r ifjo√rr gqB4 D;k vkidks irk g,] tks {ek dks miyç/ gqS] ;s os yksx Fs ft
ügkXus dHh ∂ks/ ugC fd;k` ugC] ;s os gh yksx Fs ftuds ikl ∂ks/ dh pje 'f
Dr Fh4 ∂ks/ dh pje 'fDr gh ifjo√rr gksdj Sdne {ek vk,j n;k cu tkr
h g,4 vk,j dke dh] lsDl dh 'fDr gh ifjo√rr gksdj izse vk,j vkuan cu tkr
k g,4 'fDr;ka ogh gT] muds I≠kalGke∆'u dk loky g,4 ysfdu tks neu eX i\L tk
Sxk mldk fpR dqWi vk,j foÎr gks tkSxk4 og [qn ds Hhrj foHkftr gks t

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
kSxk4 Sd gkF ls djuk pkgsxk] Sd gkF ls ugC djuk pkgsxk4 og ßlh gkyr
eX gks tkSxk] t,ls fdlh dkj eX nksukX rjG batu yxk fnS gkX ;k pkjkX rjG]
vk,j batu Sd lkF 'qW dj fnS xS gkX vk,j pkjkX rjG xk\Lh dks Hxkus dh dks
f'' py jgh gks4 D;k gksxk ifj<ke` D;k ifj<ke gks ldrk g,` f?lIsxh xk\Lh
vkokt djsxh] 'ksjxqy epkSxh] ogC dh ogC [\Lh jgsxh4 ijs'ku djrh jgsxh
vk,j [qn ds izk<kX dks daikrh jgsxh4
ge lHh ßls gh nksgjh rjG tqrs gqS gT4 mlh dks Hksxuk pkgrs gT] mlh dks nck
uk pkgrs gT] mlh dks Hksxuk pkgrs gT] mlh dks nckuk pkgrs gT4 fGj dfOu gks
tkrk g,4 gIkrs gT vk,j [qn cqykrs gT4 [qn fuea_< Hstrs gT] [qn }kj can djrs
gT4 rc fGj cgqr eqfædy gks tkrh g,] fpR tfIy gks tkrk g,4 tfIy fpR l
®; dks ugC tku ldrk vk,j tfIy fpR ¬o;a eX izos' djus eX Ljus yxrk g,4
vki lc LjXxs4 vxj vkidks Sdkar eX fcOk fn;k tkS vk,j dgk tkS] fcydqy
fut gks tkS] vdsys gks tkS] vkidh c\Lh ?c\LkgI gksus yxsxh] ;s dgka7dgka ds
fopkj vk gjs gT` ;g rks c\Lh eqfædy gks x;h4 vxj ßls eghus Hj jg x;k rks
ikxy gks tkMaxk] ;g D;k gks jgk g,` dHh vdsys eX c,Os] njoktk can dj yX]
tksj7tksj ls tks eu eX vkrk gks] cksyX4 vki ?c\Lk tkSaxs4 dgXxs fd ;g esjs e
u eX D;k vk jgk g,3D;k vk jgk g, ;g` vki vius fudIre fe_ ds ikl c,O
dj Hh viuk Ôn; ugC [ksy ldrs gT4 ugC [ksy ldrs] D;kXfd vki [qn gh L
j tkSaxs] vius lkeus ugC [ksy ldrs4 bruk nck;k g,] bruk7bruk nck fy;k
g, tkSaxs] vius lkeus ugC [sy ldrs4 bruk nck;k g,] bruk7bruk nck fy;k g,
dpjk g,] ogh vkidh laifR gks x;h g,4 ml laifR ds dkj< vki Hhrj izos'
ugC dj ldrs gT4
eTus lquk g,] Sd gksIy eX Sd jkr Sd u;k esgeku vkdj Ogjk4 og tc vk;k
rks gksIy eX Sd gh dejk [kyh Fk4 rks ml gksIy ds e,ustj us dgk fd dgC
vk,j Ogj tkS4 Sd dejk [kyh rks g,] ysfdu nsus eX Lj yxrk g,4 ml dejs
ds uhps tks esgeku Ogjs gqS gT] os dqN c\Ls vthc vk,j c\Ls ikxy gT4 vxj Mij
vki tjk tksj ls Hh pyX vk,j mudks vkokt fey x;h] rks os >x\Lk djus igqa
p tkSaxs4 vxj vkius dksB lkeku tjk tksj ls j[ fn;k ;k dqlñ tksj ls [Cp
yh rks os >x\Lk djus igqap tkSaxs4 vki dgC vk,j py tkS4 mldh otg ls og
dejk fdlh vk,j dks nsuk dfOu g,4 ysfdu ml vkneh us dgk] eq>s dksB dke
Hh ugC djuk] dksB ek,dk Hh ugC g,4 jkr eT ckjg ctX yk,Iwaxk] vkdj fGj lqc
g gh okil pyk tkMaxk4 dksB xqatkb' ugC g,4 fGj eT ÷;ku j[waxk4 pkj7Ng ?a
Is lksMaxk fd dksB uCn eX eq>s x\Lc\L u gks4 ugC ekuk rks ml ;k_h dks Ogjk f
n;k x;k4 jkr ckjg cts yk,Ik4 Fdk7ekank fnu7Hj ds dke ds ckn fc¬rj ij
c,Ok] Sd twrk [ksyk] Nks\Lk4 t,ls gh twrk fxjk] vkokt vkB4 mls [;ky vk;k]

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
dgC uhps dqN c\Lc\L u gks tkS4 mlus nwljk /hjs ls fudkydj j[k vk,j lks
x;k2
uhps c\Lc\L gks x;h4 uhps ds vkneh us vkokt lquh] njoktk [qyrs gh le>k f
d Mij ds l†tu vk xS4 fGj twrk iIdus dh vkokt vk;h rks mlus vk;k fd
Sd twrk mrkjk4 vc og nwljs dh izrh{k djus yxk fd nwljs twrs dk D;k gq
vk` nwljs twrs dk vkf[j gqvk D;k` nsj ij nsj gksus yxh vk,j nwljk twrk rks f
xjk ugC4 mlus vius eu eX cgqr lkspk fd eq>s fdlh ds twrs ls D;k ysuk g,2
vyx djks bl fopkj dks4 og ftruk /Ddk nsus yxk] mruh uCn eqfædy gks x
;h4 og fudkyus yxk bl fopkj dks] eq>s fdlh ds twrs ls D;k ysuk7nsuk2 vyx
djks] vyx djs] blls eq>s D;k djuk g,` ysfdu nwljk twrk mlds Mij fcydq
y >wyus gh yxk fd og fxj D;kX ugC jgk g,` ml nwljs twrs dk gqvk D;k` o
g ftruk /dkus yxk] ftruk mls gIkus yxk] mruk gh ik;k fd og vkus yxk
g,4 og ?c\Lk x;k] og csp,u gks x;k] og ijs'ku gks x;k] og ijs'ku gks x;k4
vkf[j mlds cnkZær ds ckgj gks x;k] og mOk vk,j Mij x;k4 dksB Sd7Ls\P
ctrk gksxk] njoktk [I[Ik;k4 ;g vkneh cgqr ?c\Lk;k fd D;k ckr g,4 njo
ktk [ksyk] vk'k rks gqB fd uhps okys l†tu gksus pkfgS4 og vkneh xq¬ls eX
[\Lk gqvk Fk4 mlus dgk] D;k ekeyk g,] nwljs twrs dk D;k gqvk`
~~~fu"s/ vkea_< cu tkrk g,4 fu"s/ vkea_< cu tkrk g,] bls ¬ej< j[X4 ;gka
njokts ij fy[ fn;k tkS] Hhrj >kaduk euk g,] fGj bruk 'fDr'kyh euq‘
; 'k;n gh mlds lkeus ls fudys tks fcuk >kads fudy tkS4 vk,j vxj dksB f
dlh rjg ls la;e djds fudy Hh tkS rks ?j igqapdj Hh yk,Ius dk eu cuk
jgsxk fd nGk >kaddj ns[ gh ysuk Fk fd ckr D;k Fh] ekeyk D;k Fk` ßls
;s njokts [qys gqS i\Ls gT] vk,j dksB buls >kadsxk ugC4 ysfdu bu ij c\Ls7c\Ls
v{jkX eX fy[ nX fd ;gka >kaduk euk g, vk,j cl rc dfOukB 'qW gks tkSxh4
geus Vtnxh ij lc txg fy[ fn;k g, fd >kaduk cuk g, vk,j bldh otg ls
lkjh dfOukB i,nk gks x;h g,4 ∂ks/ djuk euk g,] lsDl djuk euk g,] lc phtX
o√tr gT] lc eu gT4 lcds Hhrj >kadus dk eu i,nk gks tkrk g,4 fl[k fn;k
tkrk g,] >kaduk euk g,] bl otg ls vkd"Z< xgjk gks tkrk g,4 fGj >kadrs H
h gT rks iNrkrs gT] D;kXfd cqf0 dgrh g, fd >kaduk euk Fk] og d,lk iki dj
fn;k2 >kadrs g, rks iNrkrs gT] ugC >kadrs rks iNrkrs gT fd >kad D;kX u fy;k
` rks cgqr dfOukB [\Lh gks tkrh g,4 vk,j fpR cgqr eqfædy eX my>rk pyk
tkrk g,4 Vtnxh NksIh vk,j mi–o c\Lk gks tkrk g,4 mls >syuk eqfædy gks tkrk
g,4 vkf[j eX vki ikrs gT fd bl mi–o eX] bl la?"Z eX u‘I gks xS4 ;g dkaf
Gy©I nq[ nsrh g,4 dkaf©yDI] var }a} ds vfrfjDr euq‘; dks u‘I djus okyh
vk,j dksB pht nqfu;k eX ugC g,4 ogh rks\L nsrh g, vk,j u‘I dj nsrh g,4 vk,j r
c ge Sd [aLgj dh rjg jg tkrs gT ftldk dqy /a/k iNrkuk g,] vk,j dqN

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
Hh ugC g,4 vxj Hksx yX rks iNrkrs gT fd iki dj fy;k] vxj u Hksx ikS rks
iNrkrs gT fd irk ugC] iki eX gh lq[ jgk gks2 ;gka rks dksB lq[ ekywe gksrk
ugC4
tks x1g¬F gT] os eq>s feyrs gT] dgrs gT] x1g¬Fh ls Mcs gT4 os lcds lkeus dgrs
gT] ljy yksx gT] laü;klh eq>s feyrs gT] os vdsys eX dgrs gT] cgqr Mcs gqS gT]
dqN le> eX ugC vkrk D;k djX` x1g¬Fh Fh4 mldks Nks\Lk fd ;gka lq[ ugC g,4
;gka Hh dksB lq[ ugC g,] ftldks laü;kl djds id\L fy;k Fk4 eq>ls Sdkar eX
dgrs gT] D;kXfd laü;klh mrus ljy ugC g,] x1g¬F Hh\L eX dg nsrk g, fd esjk
fpR c\Lk v'kar g,4 laü;klh dgrk g,] vdsys eX esjk fpR cgqr v'kar g,] eT
eqfædy eX i\Lk gwa4 dB nGk eu gksrk g, mldk fd okil yk,I tkMa] nqfu;k dks
fcuk >kads Nks\L vk;k gwa] >kad gh ywa] 'k;n ogC jl gks4 ;gka rks dksB jl ekyw
e gksrk ugC4 os o√tr Gy ehOs gks tkrs gT4
Blkb;kX dh dgkuh g,] vkne us cfgær ds cxhps eX] bLsu ds cxhps eX og tks K
ku dk Gy Fk] mldks [k fy;k4 vc mldk ftéek vne ij ugC gks ldrk] H
xoku ij gksxk4 mügkXus o√tr dj fn;k igys fd bl Gy dks er [kuk4 dfOuk
B gks x;h4 mügkXus dg fn;k fd cxhps ex lc Gy [k ysuk] Hxoku us vkneh
dks] Bo dks dgk] lc Gy [k ysuk] tks I≠h vkG ukyst g,] og >k\L g, Kku g,]
bldk By er [kuk4 cl] ;g otZu gh vkd"Z< gks x;k4
vc Bo vk,j vne fdrus ijs'ku gqS gkXxs] ugC dgk tk ldrk4 d,ls jkr mügkX
us csp,uh eX xqtkjh gksxh] d,ls tkxrs gkXxs6 lksprs gkXxs] D;k djX] d,ls djX] d,ls
og Gy gksxk] D;k gksxk mleX] D;k ugC gksxk2 og tks dgk tkrk g,] ',rku mu
dks le>kus yxk] [ks yks] mldk eryc ;gh g,4 mudk eu gh muls dgus yxk]
[k yks] p[ yks] tWj mleX dqN ekeyk gksxk] rHh rks Hxoku us otZu fd;k
4 rks ',rku us muls dgk fd Hxoku [qn rks ;g [krk g, vk,j rqedks o√tr d
jrk g,3;g muds eu us gh dgk4 ',rku dgka g,] dk,u` fd [qn rks [krk g, vk,
j rqedks euk djrk g,] lcls c\Lk jg¬; ;gh g,4 tgka otZu g,] ogh jg¬; g,4 r
ks vxj vne cxhps ls fudyk vk,j mlus iki fd;k Gy dks [kus dk rks ftéek
vxj fdlh dk gks rks ijek®ek dk gh gksxk4 u fu"s/ djrk] u irk pyrk mr
us c\Ls taxy eX fd dk,u ls >k\L dks ugC [kuk g,4
ysfdu ge lcdks fu"s/ fl[k;k x;k g, vk,j mlls neu i,nk gksrk g,4 eT vkidks
dgrk gwa] thou dks lgt Hko ls yX] ?c\LkS ugC vk,j fdlh Gy dk o√tr u
ekuX4 o√tr ekuk fd nq[ eX i\L tkSaxs4 p[X] tkus] igpkuX] viuh 'fDr;kX ls
ifjfpr gkX] ∂ks/ dh 'fDr ls Hh ifjfpr gkX] dke dh 'fDr ls Hh ifjfpr
gkX] vius fpR ds lkjs osxkX ls ifjfpr gkX4 vk,j ifjfpr gksus ls vki ml jg¬;
ij igqapXxs tgka osx ls eqDr gks tkuk gksrk g,4 rks u rks dgrk gwa] Hksx eT tho
u Hj i\Ls jgs4 og Hh Sd ewπNkZ g, fd dksB vkneh Hksx eX gh i\Lk jgs vk,j m

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
lds Mij u mO tkS4 vk,j u dgrk gwa fd neu djX] og vk,j Hh c\Lh ewπNkZ g,
4 mlls dksB eqDr ugC gksrk4 dgrk gwa fd thou ds lkjs osxkX ds izfr] eu ds l
kjs osxkX ds izfr] tkxzr gkX] lk{h cuX] ns[X] igpkuX] ifjfpr gkX] vk,j vki g,jk
u gks tkSaxs fd vxj Sd ckj Hh ∂ks/ ds iwjs lk{h gks tkS rks vki ∂ks/ ls eq
Dr gks tkSaxs4 vxj Sd ckj Hh viuh fdlh okluk ds iwjs lk{h gks tkS3'qW
ls ysdj var rd3iRs ls ysdj t\L rd] xgjs eu ds vafre dksus rd] vxj m
l okluk ds iwjs Wi ls vki ifjfpr gks tkS rks og tkuuk gh eqDr dj nsrk g,
4
Kku gh eqDr dj nsrk g,] D;kXfd mlds ckn djus t,lk dqN Hh ugC jg tkrk]
mleX dksB vFZ ugC gj tkrk g,4 dksB jl ugC jg tkrk4 fu"s/ ugC djuk gksr
k g,4 fu"s/ rks ogh djrk g,] ftls jl g,4 Sd vkneh izfrKk ysrk g, fd eT rks
cz‰p;Z ls jgwaxk4 ;g vkneh lsDlqvy g,] rc rks izfrKk ysrk g,4 vxj bldk ls
Dl dk Hko tkuus ls foyhu gks x;k gks rks izfrKk cz‰p;Z dh D;k vFZ j[rh
g,` tks Hh izfrKk ysrs gT vk,j ozr ysrs gT] ?ks"<k djrs gT] mlls foijhr jl m
uds Hhrj ek,twn g,4 ugC rks dksB otg ugC g,4 tks tkurk g,] D;k izfrKk ysxk
` D;k eT izfrKk ywaxk fd tc Hou ls fudywaxk rks njokts ls gh fudywaxk] nhok
y ls ugC fudywaxk` fGj D;k izfrKk ywaxk` tkurk gwa fd nhoky ls fudyk gh
ugC tk dlrk4 flj Gk\L ldrk gwa4 tkurk gwa fd fudyuk njokts ls gksrk g,4 f
cuk izfrKk fdS rhu fnu ls jkst fudy tkrk gwa4 njokts ls fudy tkrk gwa] n
jokts ls vkrk gwa4 izfrKk Sd Hh fnu ysus dh tWjr ugC i\Lrh4 ysfdu vxj
dksB vkneh ;gka dgs fd eT lcds lkeus [\Ls gksdj izfrKk djrk gwa fd vkt rks
njokts ls fudywaxk] nhoky ls ugC] rks ge lkspXxs fd ef¬r‘d eX nhoky ls fu
dyus dh dksB ckr py jgh g,4 ugC rks ;g d,ls gksrk` Sd vkneh cz‰p;Z ys
rk g, fd cz‰p;Z ls jgwaxk] vFZ gqvk fd eu ds Hhrj cgqr dkeukSa] oklukSa
py jgh gT4 mlds fojks/ eX [\Lk gks jgk g,4 fojks/ eX [\Ls gksus ls eu 'qW gks
tkSxk4
ugC] eT ugC dgrk fd cz‰p;Z dk ozr yX] eT dgrk gwa] lsDl dks tkuX vk,j le
>X] vk,j vki ikSaxs fd cz‰p;Z vkuk 'qW gks x;k4 mlls LjX u] ?c\LkS u4 ∂ks
/ ls LjX u] ?c\LkS u] mlls ifjfpr gkX] tkuX] vk,j tc ∂ks/ vkS rks bldk
Sd volj cukS vkçto∆'u dk] bls Sd volj cukS fujh{< dk] bls Sd
volj cukS fd fdruk cf\P;k ek,dk feyk fd eT tkuwa vius fpR dh Sd lks;h
o1fR dks fd ;g D;k g,4 c,O tkS Sd dksus eX vk,j ∂ks/ dks G,yus nX] Gwyus nX]
c\Pus nX vk,j 'kar gksdj mldk fujh{< djX fd ;g ∂ks/ D;k g,4 er nksgjkSa
firk us tks fl[k;k g, fd ∂ks/ cqjk g,6 D;kXfd ;g nksgjk;k fd ∂ks/ dk fGj fu
jh{< ugC gks ldrk4 fdrkc eX D;k fy[k g, fd ∂ks/ cqjk g,] er nksgjkS6 D;
kXfd nksgjk;k fd fGj fujh{< ugC gks ldsxk4 vxj eT ;g ekudj gh vkids ?

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
j vk tkMa fd ;g vkneh cqjk g,] ',rku g,] rks fGj vkils feyuk D;k gks lds
xk] vkils igpku D;k gks ldsxh2 esjh ekü;rk ck/k cu tkSxh4 ∂ks/ ;k] ?1<k]
;k dke ;k yksH] fdlh ds izfr dksB Hkouk u cukS4 thou iki dks feyk g,4
nwljkX dh m/kj n1f‘I;kX dks ysus dk dksB Hh dkj< ugC g,4 ftS vk,j tkuX4 ∂ks
/ dks igpkuX] vcktoZ djX] Ohd7Ohd lé;d fujh{< djX rks vki g,jku gks tk
Saxs] ftl fnu vki ∂ks/ dh irZ7irZ m?k\Ldj ns[ yXxs] vki ikSaxs fd bleX rks
dqN Hh u Fk] bleX rks dksB vFZ u Fk] bleX rks dksB vfHizk; u Fk4 rc vk
i flGZ galXxs4 rc flGZ galXxs fd d,lk ikxy Fk fd nhoky ls fudyus dh dksf'
' djrk Fk2 vka[ [qy tkSxh4 rks galXxs4 galus ds flok; dq' 's" u jg tkSx
k vk,j rc ∂ks/ foyhu gks tkSxk4
tkuus ls] ifjfpr gksus ls] igpkuus ls] o,Kkfud fujh{< ls] rI¬F –‘Ik ds Hk
o ls ∂ks/] vk,j mlh Hkafr vk,j oklukSa {h< gksrh gT] vk,j foyhu gks tkrh gT4
ysfdu ;g foyhu gksuk cgqr fHU g, vk,j neu cgqr fHU g,4 nckus ls ∂ks/ rks
foyhu gksrk] ∂ks/ rks Hhrj gksrk g,] v∂ks/ dk Hko Mij tkrk g,4 ∂ks/ Hhr
j nck jgrk g,] v∂ks/ dh os'7Hw"k Mij gks tkrh g,4 dke Hhrj gksrk g,] cz‰
p;Z Mij gksrk g, vk,j blhfyS ges'k Lj cuk jgrk g, fd og tks Hhrj g,] pk,
chl ?aIs /Dds nsrk g, fd ckgj u vk tkS] ckgj u fudy vkS] blfyS mls
légkyuk i\Lrk g,4 vk,j Vtnxh Sd légkyuk gks tkrh g,] thuk ugC4 fyVox nw
ljh ckr g, vk,j légkyuk nwljh ckr g,4
Sd vkneh légky jgk g, pk,chl ?aIs vius dks4 og dksB thuk g,` ysfdu ;fn
∂ks/ ds Kku ls ∂ks/ foyhu gks tkS rks vnHqr ?Iuk gksrh g,4 og tks ∂ks/ dh
'fDr Fh] og tks osx Fk tks butñ Fh] og tks MtkZ Fh] og vc pwafd ∂ks/
ds ekxZ ls fudyus eX vleFZ gks tkrh g,] ∂ks/ dk ekxZ gh u‘I gks tkrk g,6 fG
j og dgka tkSxk` ogh MtkZ {ek cu tkrh g,4 rks I≠kalGke∆'u gksrk g,4 vxj
Sd ekxZ can gks tkS] vxj vki Sd >jus ij gkX vk,j >jus dk Sd ekxZ can
gks tkS] fGj >juk nwljs ekxZ ls izokfgr gksxk4 vxj uhps ds ekxZ can gksrs pys
tkS3Kku ls] tcnZ¬rh ugC] rks 'fDr;ka Mij ds ekxk˜ ls izokfgr gksus yxrh
g,4 vxj ø;fDr dh i'qrk ftl7ftl }kj ls foyhu gks tkrh g,] mlh7mlh }kj
ls ø;fDr ds izHq dk izdk'u 'qW gks tkrk g,4 i'q ex gh izHq fNik gqvk g,4 os
tks vkids osx gT mueX gh lkjh Js‘O ckrX fNih gT tks euq‘; dks eqDr dj nX vk,
j eks{ eX izfrf‘Or dj nX4 buls ?c\LkS u vk,j eu dks tfIy u djX] neu u
djX4
nwljh ckr g,] neu ls fjDr gks tkS vk,j lk{h Hko dks txkS4 foltZu dks i,nk
djX] o1fR;kX dk ifjorZu djX] o1fR;kX dk fojks/ ugC4 o1fR;kX ds '_q u cuX] izs
e djX] fe_ gks tkS vk,j thr yX4 ;s nks ckrX3'çn ls eqDr gks tkS vk,j neu
ls fjDr gks tkS rks vkids fpR dh Hwfe ls i®Fj gks tkSaxs4 i®Fj gI tkSaxs4

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
cl ;s nks rjg ds i®Fj gT3fl0kar vk,j neu4 ;s eu dks ?sjs gqS gT4 og [kyh
dj yX] Hwfe fucZy gks tkSxh4 Hwfe mitkM gks tkSxh4 i®Fj gI tkSaxs4 vc
bleX cksS tk ldrs gT chp4 vc bleX os l®;] ftuds ckcr eTus nks fnu ppkZ
dh] bleX Lkys tk ldrs gT4
D;k eTus ppkZ dh` eTus nks fnu ppkZ dh fd ∂e'A7∂e'A geX mlls gIkrs tkuk
g, tks ge ugC gT vk,j mls txkuk g, tks ge gT4 D;k7D;k ge ugC gT` vly eX
tks Hh ge dj ldrs gT] tks Hh ge lksp ldrs gT] ftldh Hh ge d¥iuk dj
ldrs gT] og ge ugC gkXxs4 tks ge dj ldrs gT] gekjk deZ gks ldrk g,] og
ge ugC gkXxs4 D;kXfd deZ vyx gksxk vk,j eT vyx4 djus okyk vyx gksxk4
vHh eT c,Ok gwa] vHh py ugC jgk gwa4 vHh mOwaxk rks py ldrk gwa4 pyus dh
f∂;k ugC g,] rc Hh pyus okyk ek,twn g,4 vHh mOwa rks py ldrk gwa4 vHh cks
y ldrk gwa] vHh pqi gks tkMa4 pqi gks x;k] rc Hh cksyus okyk ek,twn g,4 f∂
;k u gks rks drkZ ek,twn g,] blfyS fGj ge cksy ldrs gT] fGj py ldrs gT4
f∂;kSa ge ugC gT3pkgs 'jhj dh vk,j pkgs eu dh] rks fpR ls vxj i®FjkX d
ks vyx dj nX rks fGj vf∂;k eX] ml n'k eX] tc u fd esjs 'jhj dh dksB f
∂;k g, vk,j u eu dh dksB f∂;k g,] ¬o;a eX izos' gks tkrk g,4
vf∂;k ÷;ku g,] uku SD'u4 lc rykX ij3'jhj ds ry ij] eu ds ry ij v
f∂;k] fdlh rjg dh f∂;k dk u gksuk] fdlh rjg ds daiu dk u gksuk ÷;ku g,
4
Sd Gdhj gqvk g,] cgqr c\Lk Gdhj Fk3cgqr c\Lk nwj rd mlds izHko dk ?sjk
Fk4 gtkjkX7yk[kX yksx mlds ikl vkrs gT4 cgqr c\Lk muds foJke ds fyS vk
Je Fk4 nwj7nwj rd G,ys gqS taxy eX Hou Fs] dqfI;k FC4 Sd ckj ns' dk jk
tk Hh ogka vk;k rks og Gdhj fn[ykus ys x;k vius vkJe dks4 mlus Hkstuk
y; ls ysdj iq¬rdky; rd lc fn[yk;k] lc crk;k3;gka ;g] ;gka ;g4 lkjs
HoukX ds ?sjs ds chp eX Sd fo'ky Hou Fk4 vk,j lc Hou rks NksIs7NksIs Fs]
>ksi\Ls Fs4 chp eX Fk Sd fo'ky Hou4 jktk ckj7ckj iwNus yxk] ;g D;k g,]
;gka D;k gksrk g,` ysfdu Gdhj bls lqus vk,j pqi jg tkS] jktk cgqr g,jku gq
vk4 NksIs7NksIs >ksi\Ls fn[kS] tkdj crk;k fd ;g ¬ukux1g g,] ;s ik[kus gT] ;g
Gyka g,] fPdka g,4 jktk ckj7ckj iwNus yxk fd] vk,j ;g tks chp eX] ;g tks f
o'ky Hou g,] ;g D;k g,` Gdhj ls t,ls gh ;g iwNs] Gdhj pqi jg tkS4 jk
tk cgqr g,jku gqvk fd ;g vkneh ikxy g, fd D;k g,4 tks fn[kus t,lk g, og f
n[krk ugC4 tks ugC fn[kus t,lk g, og ?qek jgk g, vk,j fn[k jgk g,4
vkf[j fonk dk Hh oDr vk x;k] }kj ij Hh jktk vk x;k4 jktk us iwNk] eT
dqN le>us eX vleFZ gwa fd tks Hou bl vkJe eX lcls c\Lk g,] dX– eX g,] fo
'ky g,] nwljs ls ftlds xqacn fn[kB i\Lrs gT] ;g D;k g,` ;gka D;k gksrk g,` v
k,j ogka eq>s fn[k;k Hh ugC vk,j fGtwy ds >ksi\Ls eq>s ?qekS xS4 Gdhj dgus

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
yxk] ckj7ckj vki iwNrs Fs] eT D;k crkMa` dqN ckr gh ßlh g, fd crkuk eqf
ædy g,4 jktk us dgk] fGj Hh dqN rks ogka djrs gkXxs` D;k djrs gks` D;k g,
;g` ml Gdhj us dgk] ;gh rks dfOukB g,4 ogka c,Odj dqN Hh ugC djrs]
ogka ge flGZ c,O tkrs gT] [kyh gks tkrs gT] djrs dqN Hh ugC4 og rks uku SD
'u dh txg g,] og rks esLhIs'u dh txg g,] og rks ÷;ku dh txg g,4 vc g
e d,ls crkS fd ogka D;k djrs gT` ogka rks dqN Hh ugC djrs4 fdlh dks dqN
Hh ugC djuk gksrk g, rks ogka pyk tkrk g,4 fGj ogka og dqN Hh ugC djuk
g,4 cl jg tkrk g,] gks tkrk g,] flGZ gksrk g,] djrk dqN Hh ugC4 dqN Hh gu
C djrk] ek_ jg tkrk g,4 t¬I SfD>¬I2 flGZ gksuk2
vki u 'jhj ls dqN dj jgs gT] u eu ls dqN dj jgs gT] ogka ÷;ku g,4 ysfdu
;k rks dksB ekyk Gsj jgk g,] rks ;g lc f∂;k g,4 ;k dksB jke uke ti jgk g,
] ;g Hh f∂;k g,4 ;k dksB xk;_h dk ikO dj jgk g,] ;g Hh f∂;k g,4 tgka d
ksB Hh f∂;k ugC g,] ogka ¬o;a lRk g,4 fpR dh Hwfe dks r,;kj djX] eqDr djX
'çn ls] fjDr djX neu ls vk,j fGj vki3vklku gks ;g fdügC ?f\L;ka eX] fdüg
C vew¥; {<kX eX] cl gks tkSa] flGZ gkX] vk,j dqN u djX4
Sd vk,j ?Iuk dgwa] 'k;n mlls [;ky eX vkS4 eq>ls gh yksx iwNrs gT] ÷;ku
dc djrs gT` eT eqfædy eX gks tkrk gwa4 dc djrs gT~~~` ftuds ?jkX Ogjrk gwa]
os utj j[rs gT eq> ij4 lqcg mOk rks dc ÷;ku ds fyS c,Ok` jkr lks;k] fG
j c,Ok fd ugC] fGj c\Ls fujk' gks tkrs gT4 eT rks dHh ÷;ku dks c,Ork gh ugC
4 dB yksx gT] dB ikxy gT] eq>ls dgrs gT] vkids ikl7ikl vkuk pkgrs gT] th
oup;kZ ns[uk pkgrs gT4 thoup;kZ D;k ns[Xxs` [krk gwa] ihrk gwa] ugkrk gwa] di\
Ls igurk gwa] D;k djXxs` dksB vkxzg ugC esjk fd pkj cts mOwa4 esjk dksB vkxz
g ugC4 tc uCn [qyrh g, rks mOrk gwa uCn vkrh g, rks lksrk gwa4 Hw[ yxrh g,]
[krk gwa] ugC Hw[ ysrh g,] ugC [krk gwa4 rks fn[Xxs D;k` D;k ns[Xxs` os cspkjs
ns[us vkuk pkgrs gT fd ÷;ku dc djrk gwa] d,ls djrk gwa` ÷;ku dksB djus d
h ckr ugC g, fd vki c,O xS ikyFh yxkdj vk,j ineklu yxkdj vk,j vka[X
can djds4 cπpkX t,lh ckr g,] bé;ksπ;ksj ckr g,4 ßls c,O xS cudj rks lkspk ÷
;ku gks x;k4 dksB ekyk ysdj c,O x;k] lkspk ÷;ku gks x;k4 ÷;ku c\Lh vnHqr
ckr g,4 ÷;ku dksB f∂;k ugC g,4 ÷;ku dksB SD'u dk fg¬lk ugC g,] ÷;ku chba
x dk fg¬lk g,4 ÷;ku g, vk®ek dk ¬oWi ÷;ku vkidh dksB f∂;k ugC g,4
Sd Gdhj Sd igk\Lh ds fdukjs [\Lk Fk4 dqN fe_ vkrs Fs] djhc vkrs Fs4 lks
pus yxs] D;k ogka djrk gksxk` dksB Hh3eT ugC c,Ok gwa] lkspXxs D;k djrs gkXxs
` vHh cksy jgk gwa rks vkidks yxrk gksxk] cksy jgk gT] ysfdu Sd ry g,] t
gka dqN Hh ugC gks jgk g,4 og [\Lk Fk ogka rks lkspk] dqN u dqN djrk gksxk4
fookn gks x;k] vk,j gekjk fookn rks fdlh Hh ckr eX gks tkS4 fpR rks fook
n ls Hjk gqvk g,] fdlh eX Hh y\L tkS2 NksIh7eksIh ckrkX eX y\L tk ldrs gT f

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
d fdl fG¥e eX dk,u vfHusrk dke djrk g,] bl ij y\L ldrs gT4 egkohj c\
Ls Fs fd cq0 c\Ls Fs] bl ij y\L ldrs gT4 Sd iafLr us eq>ls iwNk fd vki eq
>s crkbS fd mez eX egkohj c\Ls Fs fd cq0 c\Ls Fs` eTus dgk] vkidk fnekx O
hd g, fd [jkc gks x;k g,` eq>s D;k iz;kstu` ugC] eT b/j lkr o"k˜ ls [kst
dj jgk gwa4 lkr o"Z rks feÈh eX xS vkids] vk,j vHh Hh Fks\Lk cgqr le; g,]
mldh fGdj dj yX] viuh mez dh fGdj djX4 egkohj c\Ls Fs mez eX ;k cq0
c\Ls Fs] D;k eryc g,` ysfdu nqfu;k eX fjlpZ ds uke ls cgqr ikxyiu vk;k
g,] cgqr e,Lusl vk;h g,4 vk,j og ikxyiu py jgk g, fd dgka D;k Fk] fdl
xkao eX i,nk gqS Fs4 fdlh eX gqS gkX] D;k ysuk7nsuk g,` u Hh gqS gkX rks D;k G
dZ i\Lrk g,` vki gT] ;g rks fopkj dh ckr g,] rks og NksIh7lh ckr eX gekjs
rks fookn gks ldrs gT] dksB fookn dh rks fnDdr ugC g,4
Sd xkao eX x;k] eT cksyrk Fk] Sd Gdhj dk uke fy;k] Sd l†tu chp eX
[\Ls gqS] cksys fcydqy xyr g,] ;g uke rks Ohd ugC g,4 ;g ?Iuk rks fdlh nw
ljs Gdhj dh g,4 eTus dgk] nwljs dh le> yks] rhljs dh gks] rhljs dh le>
yks4 D;k ysuk7nsuk` v] c] l] dksB Hh uke j[ yks4 eq>s dksB iz;kstu ugC g,4
ysfdu bleX fookn D;k g,` bleX xqatkb' D;k g,] y\Lus dh`
og Gdhj [\Lk g,] rhu7pkj fe_ xS] lkspus yxs D;k dj jgk g,` Sd dgk f
d vDlj ßlk gksrk g, fd mldh xk; [ks tkrh g,4 igk\Lh ij tkdj [kstrk g,
fd esjh xk; dgka g,4 ogh [kstrk gksxk ysfdu nwljs us dgk fd ekywe ugC gksrk
fd xk; [kstrk g,] D;kXfd [kstus okys dh vka[X HIdrh gqB gksrh gT4 og rks
'kar gh [\Lk gqvk g,4 eq>s ßlk yxrk g, fd dksB fe_ ihNs vk;k gksxk] NwI x;
k ?weus eX] mldh izrh{k djrk gksxk4 rhljs us dgk] {ek djX] izrh{k djus ok
yk Fks\Lh7Fks\Lh nsj eX yk,Idj ihNs ns[rk g,4 og rks yk,Idj ns[rk ugC] [\Lk gh
gqvk g,4 izrh{k7ozrh{k ugC dj jgk g,] eT le>rk gwa Gdhj g,] lk/q ÷;ku dj
jgk g,] ijek®ek dk ¬ej< dj jgk g,4 dksB izkFZuk dj jgk g,4
ugC r; gks ldk rks lkspk] pyks mlh ls iwN yX4 p\Ps igk\L ij Mij xS4 Gdhj
ls tkdj igys ø;fDr us iwNk fd D;k fH{q vkidh xk; [ks x;h g,` mldks [ks
t jgs gT` fH{q us dgk] xk;2 d,lh xk;] fdldh xk;` esjk dqN Hh ugC g,] x
k; esjh d,ls gks ldrh g,` iwNus okyk g,jku gqvk] fGj Hh lkspk] vkidh dHh7
dHh xk; [ks tkrh g,4 esjh dksB xk; gh ugC rks [ksSxh d,ls` eT dqN ugC [ks
t jgk4 nwljs us dgk] fufæpr gh fGj vkidk dksB fe_ ihNs NwI x;k gksxk4 m
lus dgk] d,lk fe_] d,lk '_q` esjk dksB '_q ugC] esjk dksB fe_ ugC4 eT fd
lh ds lkF vk;k ugC] fdlh ds lkF tkMaxk ugC4 rks eT fdlh izrh{k dWa` eT
dgwa vdsyk fuiI4 fdlh dh izrh{k]fdlh dh izrh{k ugC dj jgk4 rc rks rhl
js us lkspk] vc rks thr dk ekeyk iDdk gh g,4 mlus dgk] vc rks r; g, fd
vki Hxoku dh izkFZuk dj jgs gT4 mlus dgk] d,lk Hxoku vk,j d,lh izkFZuk`

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
eT dHh dksB izkFZuk ugC fd;k djrk4 esjh dksB dkeuk ugC rks izkFZuk D;k gksx
h` d,lk Hxoku` eT rks vius vfrfjDr fdlh dks tkurk ugC4 rks d,ls fdlh H
xoku dk ¬ej< dWa` mu rhukX us dgk fd vthc ckr g,4 vki dj D;k jgs ;
gka` vkf[j gks D;k jgk g, ;gka` D;k dj jgs gT ;gka` Gdhj us dgk] eT rks ds
oy gwa4 vk,j dj dqN Hh ugC jgk4 eT flGZ gwa vk,j dj dqN Hh ugC jgk4 eT rks
cl gwa ek_4
;g gksuk ek_ flGZ gks tkuk ek_3;g g, ckr4 fGj mls dqN Hh dgX3÷;ku dgX]
dqN vk,j uke nX] tks eu eX vkS og dgX] ;g g,4 vk,j bl laxhr dks tks gksus
ek_ ls vuqHo gksrk g, og ijek®ek dgk tkrk g,4 bl laxhr dks thus ek_ gksus
ls vuqHo ik;k tkrk g, thou] bl laxhr dks tks gksus ek_ ls laifnr gksrk g,
vk,j lkjs ru7izk<kX dks ?sj ysrk g, vk,j ?sjrk pyk tkrk g,] vk,j /hjs7/hjs lkjs
txr dks ?sj ysrk g, vk,j vkuan ds MtkZ eX ¬Fkfir dj nsrk g,] bls dgk g, e
ks{4 ø;fDr ;gka feI tkrk g,] vk,j lef‘I jg tkrh g,4 bls dgk g, ¬o;a dk gks
uk4 ysfdu t,ls gh ge bleX izfo‘I gqS] ¬o;a dk Hh Hko foyhu gks tkrk g, vk,
j jg tkrh g, ek_ lRk SfDt¬IXl] og tks g,4 vk,j ogh g, Bæoj] tks g,4 ogh
g, l®;] tks g,4 vk,j mls gh ikuk g, vk,j mleX gh gksuk g,4 vk,j mlds ckgj nq[
g,] ih\Lk g,4 mlds ckgj Vprk g,4 mlds ckgj va/dkj g,] vk,j lius gT4 vk,j m
lds ckjg lc vl®; g,] vk,j mlds Hhrj g, l®;4
bl l®; dks ikus ds fyS bu rhu fnukX eX Fks\Lh7lh ckrX eTus vkils dgC4 tks ck
rX dgC] mu ij [;ky djuk vk,j tks b'kjk fd;k] ml ij Fks\Lh vka[X mOkuk4
ugC rks vDlj ;g gksrk g, fd dksB pkan ds maxyh ls fn[kS rks maxyh dks ge
id\L ysrs gT vk,j pkan dks Hwy tkrs gT4 maxyh dks Hwy tkuk mldk dksB Hh ew
¥; ugC g,4 ew¥; g, pkan dk] ftl rjG maxyh mOk;h Fh4 vk,j ugC rks esjh ma
xyh ij fopkj djrs jgXxs vk,j pkan ogC i\Lk jg tkSxk tgka i\Lk Fk4
rks Îik djuk] esjs 'çnkX dks Hwy tkuk4 eTus tks dgk] mls Hwy tkuk4 eTus tks c
krX dgC] mügX fo¬ej< dj nsuk vk,j ftl rjG b'kjk fd;k g, vk,j ftl rjG
vkids ÷;ku dks vkd√"r djus dh ps‘Ik dh g, ml rjG ns[uk4 maxyh esjh gks
ldrh g,] maxyh egkohj dh gks ldrh g,] maxyh ∂kb¬I dh] Î‘< dh gks ldrh
g,] pkan fdlh dk Hh ugC g,4 maxyh fdlh dh Hh gks ldrh g,] pkan fdlh dk
Hh ugC g,4 tks maxyh dks id\Lrk g,] og laiznk; dks id\L ysrk g,4 vk,j tks pkan
dks ns[rk g,] og /eZ dks ns[ ysrk g,4 ijek®ek djs] /eZ dks ns[us dh {erk
miyç/ gks4 mlls gh feysxk3tks feyus t,lk g,] vk,j mlls gh NwIsxk3tks ø;FZ g,
vk,j NwI tkus t,lk g,4
esjh ckrkX dks brus izse vk,j 'kafr ls lquk] vk,j ßlh ckr dks] ftleX Gwy de
gT vk,j dkaIs †;knk gT vk,j ßlh ckrkX dks] ftueX vkidks pksIX igqap tkrh gT] br
us izse vk,j 'kafr ls lqurs gT rks eq>s c\Lk +< ekywe gksrk g,] eq>s c\Lh Îik ek

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
ywe gksrh g,3brus izse vk,j 'kafr ls lquk] mlls cgqr vuqx1ghr gwa vk,j var eX
lcds Hhrj c,Os ijek®ek dks iz<ke djrk gwa] esjs iz<ke ¬ohdkj djX4
fc\Lyk ∂h\Lk dX–] pk,ikIh] cacB] fnukad ¡¶ viz,y ¡ª§§
l®; dk cks/
l®; ds laca/ eX dy Fks\Lh7lh ckrX eTus fopkj dC4 eTus vkidks dgk] ftls ge
thou le>rs gT] thou ekurs gT] og ok¬rfod u gksdj Nk;k dk thou g,4 vk,
j tks ø;fDr Nk;k dk ihNk djsxk] mldh miyfç/ D;k gksxh` igyh ckr ;g
g, fd Nk;k dk ge fdruk Hh ihNk djX mls dHh id\L ugC ldXxs4 vlaHo g, f
d ge Nk;k dks id\L yX4 vk,j Nk;k dks id\L Hh yX rks Hh gekjh eqØh eX D;k
gksxk] gekjs ikl D;k gksxk`
;g tks Nk;k dk thou g,] ;g tks ',Lks SfDt¬IXl g,] blds izfr ;fn ge tkx
tkS] vk,j ;g gekjs cks/ eX vk lds fd D;k vlkj g, vk,j D;k lkj g,] ok¬rfo
d g, vk,j D;k dk¥ifud g,] D;k ¬oîu g, vk,j D;k l®; g, rks thou eX Sd u;
h fn'k dk mn?kIu izkjaH gksrk g,4 mlds laca/ eX Fks\Lk7lk geus fopkj fd;k4
vkt eT bl laca/ eX vkils ckr djuk pkgwaxk] ;g tks Nk;k dk thou g,] ;g
tks ¬oîu dk thou g,] ;g tks vok¬rfod] ;g tks vlkj g,] ;g fdu vk/kjkX i
j [\Lk g,` ;g eu ds fdu ekxk˜ ij] eu dh fdu o1fR;kX ij [\Lk g,` D;kXfd
pkgs ge ¬oîu ns[rs gkX] vk,j pkgs tkx xS gkX] nksukX f¬Ffr;kX eX gekjk eu jp
uk dj jgk g,] dqN fuekZ< dj jgk g,4 gekjs eu dh jpuk ij gh gekjh thou
dh ok¬rfodrk ;k dk¥ifudrk fuHZj djrh g,4 gekjk eu gh cgqr xgjs eX g
ekjk lalkj g,] gekjk eu gh gekjk txr g,] eu gh gekjk gksuk g,4 bl eu d
ks tkuuk] igpkuuk tWj g,4 rks gh ge bl Nk;k ds thou dks le>us eX leFZ
gks ldXxs4 dqN Fks\Ls ls Vcnq eTus vkils dgs] vkt muds iwjs vk/kj ij vkils fo
pkj djuk pkgwaxk4
dk,u7lh ckr g, tks geX ¬oîu eX ys tkrh g,` dk,u7lh ckr g, tks geX vlkj dh
vksj izsfjr djrh g,` fufæpr gh] cgqr izkFfed Wi ls Sd NksIh lh ckr g,] t
ks bl lkjs tky ds ihNs vk/kjHwr g, vk,j og ;g g, fd tks ge gT mlls vü;Fk
] mlls fHU] mlls dqN vk,j ge gksuk pkgrs gT4
dy jkf_ esjs ikl dksB ø;fDr vkS vk,j mügkXus eq>ls dgk fd dksB ekxZ crkb
S fd yksH u‘I gks tkS4 eT eu eX lksprk jgk] D;k yksH dks u‘I djus dh dk
euk yksH dk gh izrhd ugC g,` D;k ;g Hh cgqr xgjs vFk˜ eX yksH ugC g,` j
kst dksB vkrk g, tks dgrk g,] ge 'kar gksuk pkgrs gT4 vk,j eT lksprk gwa] D;k
'kar gksus7pkgrs dh ;g tks okluk g,] ;gh v'kafr dk dkj< ugC g,` tc ge
'kar gksuk pkgrs gT rks v'kafr dk izkjaH gks x;k4 tc ge vyksH dks ikuk pkg
rs gT rks yksH dk izkjaH gks x;k4 ge o¬rqrA tks gT] mls Nks\Ldj dqN vk,j gksuk

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
pkgrs gT4 dksB okluk] dksB dkeuk izkjaH gks x;h4 ;k_k 'qW gks x;h4 Nk;k dh
;k_k 'qW gks x;h4
nq[h ø;fDr lq[h gksuk pkgrk g,4 vkt nq[h g, rks dy lq[h gksuk pkgrk g,4 d
y Hh u gks lds rks ijyksd eX lq[h gksuk pkgrk g,4 bl tüe eX u gks lds rks
vxys tüe eX lq[h gksuk pkgrk g,4 ge tks gT] mlls ge r1îr ugC gT4 ge tks gT
] mlls gekjh ¬ohÎfr vk,j lgefr ugC g,4 ge dqN vk,j gksuk pkgrs gT4 NksIs
o1{ c\Ls gksuk pkgrs gT] NksIh dq√l;kX ij c,Os yksx c\Lh dq√l;kX ij c,Ouk pkgrs
gT4 nfj– /uh gksuk pkgrs g,4 dqN ge gksuk pkgrs gT4 Sd ckr fufæpr g,]tks g
e gT mlls fHU gekjs Hhrj gksus dh dkeuk g,4 lkjs Nk;k dk thou bl ewy
dkeuk ij [\Lk gksrk g,] ewy r1‘<k ij fd ge dqN vk,j gksuk pkgrs gT4 vk,j dq
N gksuk pkgrs gT] ;g ¬okHkfod Hh ekywe gksrk g,] D;kXfd t,lk ge vius dks i
krs gT] t,lk ge vius dks vuqHo djrs gT] mleX u rks dksB vkuan izrhr gksrk g,
] u dksB 'kafr izrhr gksrh g,] u dksB ÎrkFZrk vk,j /ü;rk dk vuqHo gksrk g,4
t,ls ge gT] og ih\Lknk;d g,] blfyS dqN vk,j ge gksuk pkgrs gT] dqN ßls g
ksuk pkgrs gT] tgka ih\Lk u gks] nq[ u gks] Vprk u gks4 fdlh ¬oxZ eX] fdlh izHq
ds jk†; eX ge tkuk pkgrs gT] fdlh eks{ eX4 fGj pkgs /u bdØk djds ge
tkuk pkgrs gkX ;k iq≤; bdØk djds tkuk pkgrs gks] c\Ls Hou pkgrs gkX bl i1ƒ
oh ij] ;k ø;o¬Fk djuk pkgrs gT ¬oxZ eX Hou dh e1®;q ds ckn] ysfdu gekjh
dkeuk tks ge gT] mlls nwj geX ys tkuk pkgrs g,4 vk,j tks ge gT og ih\Lk ns
us okyk g,] tks ge gT og Vprk i,nk djus okyk g,] tks ge gT og Sd SüGkbIh
g,] Sd Vprk g,] Sd larki g,4 ¬okHkfod g, fd tks ge gT] vxj ;g larki g,]
Vprk g,] nq[ g,] ih\Lk g, rks ge dqN vk,j gksuk pkgXxs4 blls gh dkeuk i,nk gks
rh g,] okluk i,nk gksrh g,4
ysfdu D;k geus Ohd ls tkuk g, fd tks ge gT] tks gekjk gksuk g,] Vprk g,] nq
[ g,3D;k vius iwjs ø;fDr®o dh xgjh ls xgjh irk˜ eX izos' fd;k g,` D;k ge
viuh lRk ls iwjh rjg ifjfpr gqS gT vk,j ;g fu<Z; fy;k g,] tks gwa og nq[
g,` ugC] geus cgqr Mij ls gh] cgqr ifjf/ ij t,ls dksB fdlh Hou dh ckg
j dh nhokyX ns[dj yk,I vkS] ßlk fd ge eX vius ø;fDr®o ds ckgj7ckgj d
h irk˜ dks ns[dj ;g fu<Z; ys fyS gT4 fd cgqr Vprk g,] cgqr nq[ g,] cgqr i
h\Lk g,4 geus vius ø;fDr®o ds dX– dks] geus viuh lRk ds dX– dks Hh tkuk u
gC g,4 ckgj ls gh ge yk,I i\Ls gT vk,j ge [kst eX yx xS gT vius dks cnyus
dh4 fcuk viuh ifjiw<Zrk dks tkus vius dks cnyus dh ps‘Ik eX lay≈u gks xS gT
4
eT fuosnu djuk pkgwaxk] vius dks iwjk tku ysuk cgqr nwljs vuqHokX ij ys tkrk
g,4 vius ¬o;a dh lRk dh lexzrk dks tku ysuk] cnykgI dh r1‘<k dh vk,j
ifjorZu dh tks Sd vkdka{k g,] mlls eqfDr ys vkrk g,4 tks ø;fDr viuh lRk

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
dh] lexzrk dh >yd Hh ik ysxk mls ¬o;a dks cnyus dk] fdlh vk,j ¬oxZ dks
[kstus dk] dgC vk,j igqapus dk lkjk Hko foyhu gks tkSxk4 rc og ikSxk]
tks og g, og iw<Z g,] lexz g,4 tks og g, ogka 'kafr g,4 ogka vkuan g,4 ftl eks{
dh [kst Fh] og ogka ek,twn g,4 lkjh okluk ¬o;a dks u tkuus ds dkj< i,nk
gksrh g,4 vKku gh] vk®eKku gh okluk dk ewy g,4 fGj tc og okluk nq[ ns
rh g,] ge nk,\Lrs gT ikus dks] vk,j miyç/ Hh dj ysrs gT4 miyç/ djrs gh ik;
k tkrk g, fd tks geus ik;k] og ø;FZ gks x;k4 okluk vk,j vkxs pyh x;h4 tks
geus ik;k] mldk tks lq[ Fk og dsoy dkeuk eX] vk'k eX vk,j vis{k eX Fk
] miyfç/ eX ugC4
dfo ck;ju gqvk4 mlds thou eX eq>s Sd ?Iuk c\Lh eg®oiw<Z ekywe i\Lrh g,4
cgqr eqfædy ls f¬_;kX dks izse djus ds ckn og fookg djus dks Sd ¬_h ls jk
th gqvk4 ftl la÷;k mldk fookg gqvk ppZ ls vHh7vHh fookgh i®uh dk gkF
id\Ldj og lhf\P;ka mrj jgk g,4 vHh ppZ dh ?afI;ka ct jgh gT] tks mlds fo
okg dh [q'h eX ctC4 vk,j eksecfR;ka vHh cq>h ugC gT] tks fd fookg ds fyS
tyk;h x;h gT4 viuh i®uh dk gkF gkF eX fyS g,4 dy rd ikxy Fk mls i
kus dks4 pwd tkrk rks thou7Hj nq[h gksrk] ihf\Lr gksrk4 vkt mldk gkF ml
ds gkF eX g,] ysfdu mldh vka[ ml ij ugC g,4 mldh vka[ l\Ld ij tkrh S
d nwljh ¬_h dh rjG g,4 mls gkF dk lgkjk nsdj mlus xk\Lh eX fcOk;k vk,j
mlus dgk] d,lk vkæp;Z g,2 dy rd esjh n1f‘I rqe ij Fh vk,j eT rqégX ikus d
ks ikxy Fk vk,j vkt esjh n1f‘I fdlh vk,j ij yx x;h g, vk,j esjk eu mls ik
us dks ikxy g,4 vk,j tcfd rqe eq>s miyç/ gks x;h gks] miyç/ gksus ds lkF
gh ø;FZ Hh gks x;h gks4
'k;n gh fdlh ifr us i®uh ls igys ;s 'çn dgs gkXxs4 ysfdu tks bl laca/ eX
l®; g,] gekjh vk,j lkjh miyfç/;kX ds ckcr l®; g,4 t,ls gh ge ik ysrs gT]
tks ik fy;k og ø;FZ gks tkrk g,4 vk,j ikus dh vkdka{k vkxs c\P tkrh g,4 ;g
gksxk gh4 ;g gksxk blfyS fd ikus dh dkeuk eX] vk'k eX] laHkouk eX] vis{k
eX lq[ g,4 vk'k g, fd dqN fey tkSxk rks lc fey tkSxk4 ysfdu t,ls gh ik
;k tkrk g,] Kkr gksrk g, fd ge Ohd o,ls gh nfj–] o,ls gh ghu gT] t,ls ikus
ds igys Fs4 blfyS nqfu;k dh dksB laifR] dksB in] dksB ;'] dksB xk,jo r1fîr
ugC nsrk4 t,ls gh ge igqaprs gT] ikrs gT] ø;FZ gks x;k4
t,ls dksB f{frt dh vksj c\Puk pkgs] tgka vkdk' tehu dks Nwrk gqvk ekywe
i\Lrk g,] rks ftruk vkxs c\Prk tkS] mruk gh f{frt vkxs c\P tkrk g,4 o,ls
gh r1‘<k nq‘iwj g,4 ftrus ge vkxs c\Prs tkS] ik;k tkrk g, fd r1‘<k vk,j vkxs
c\P x;h4 r1‘<k dHh iwjh ugC gksrh g,6 ugC gks ldrh g,4 ugC gks ldrk g, bl
fyS Fd ge Nk;k ds ba–/uq" dk ihNk dj jgs gT4 blfyS ø;fDr fdruk gh n
k,\Ls] fdruk gh nwljkX dks fn[k;h i\Ls fd mlus dqN ik fy;k g,] mls dqN Hh fn

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
[k;h ugC i\Lrk fd eTus D;k ik fy;k g,4 tks ik ysrk g,] og ø;FZ gks tkrk g,
vk,j tks u ik;k gqvk g, og mldh vka[kX dks] mldh dkeuk dks id\Ls jgrk g,4
vHko jgrk g,] vk,j ftldh lRk fudI vk tkrh g, og Hwy tkrk g,4 og vka[
ls vks>y gks tkrk g,4 tks gekjs fudI g,] og Hwy tkrk g, vk,j tks nwj g,] og
gekjs eu dks id\Ls jgrk g,4 vkd"Z< nwj dk g,4 Pksy lqgkous nwj ds gT] fudI
vkrs gh ø;FZ gks tkrs gT4
rks ßls r1‘<k dk ;k okluk dk] bπNk dk tks Hh G,yko g, og var eX fujarj n
k,\Ldj vk,j vlGy gksdj euq‘; dks Kkr gksrk g, fd ogh mldh Vprk] ogh ml
dk nq[] ogh mldh ih\Lk g,4 dksf'' djrs gT] ikrs gT] vk,j fGj ikrs gT fd dqN
Hh ugC ik;k4 gj ckj ;gh vlGyrk] eu Lwcrk pyk tkrk g, vk,j fo"kn ls
Hjrk pyk tkrk g,4 bl fo"kn eX] bl Vprk eX vk,j tksj ls ikus dh dksf'' eX
yxrs gT] ysfdu bl ckr dks ugC ns[ ikrs fd ikus dh ;g dksf'' gh lkjs nq[
dks vk,j lkjh ih\Lk dks i,nk dj jgh g,4 vk,j bl ikus dh nk,\L ds ihNs t,lk eT
us vkidks dgk] ¬o;a dks u tkuus dh f¬Ffr g,4 ;fn ge tku ldX rks r1‘<k fo
yhu gks tkSxh] D;kXfd rc tks ge gkXxs] tks gekjk ok¬rfod gksuk g,] tks gekjk
vkaFsfId chbax g, og gekjh ije r1fîr vk,j ije 'kafr gksxh4
Nk;k dk thou ;fn ø;FZ fn[k;h i\Ls] ;g nk,\L vxj ø;FZ fn[k;h i\Ls rks dqN
∂kafr laHo gks ldrh g,4 ysfdu vf/d yksxkX dks ;g fn[k;h ugC i\Lrk4 ftu
Fks\Ls ls yksxkX dks bldh Fks\Lh7lh vuqHwfr 'qW gksrh g, os dqSa ls csprs gT vk,j [
kB eX fxj tkrs gT4 os bπNk ds fojks/ eX pyuk 'qW dj nsrs gT] r1‘<k ds fojks/
eX pyuk 'qW dj nsrs gT4 Sd rks os yksx gT tks dqN ikus ds fyS nk,\L jgs gT] f
Gj nwljs os yksx i,nk gks tkrs gT tks dqN [ksus ds fyS] ®;kxus ds fyS] dqN Nks\
Lus ds fyS nk,\Lus yxrs gT4 ;s nksukX gh r1‘<k ds nks igyw gT4 Hksx vk,j ®;kx r1‘
<k ds gh nks vax gT4 x1g¬F vk,j laü;klh r1‘<k ds gh nks flDds gT4 Sd rjG ge
ikus dks nk,\Lrs gT4 fGj Kkr gksrk g, fd dqN miyç/ ugC gksrk6 nq[ ih\Lk] vl
Gyrk vk,j fo"kn] rks ge lksprs gT] Nks\Ls4 rc ge Nks\Lus dks nk,\Lus yxrs gT4 ;
g okluk dh gh izfr÷ofu g,4 ;g Hh Nk;k dk thou g,4 okluk Nk;k dk thou
g,4 ftls ge dgrs gT] ®;kx] ftls ge dgrs gT fojfDr] ftls ge dgrs gT Nks\L
uk] og Hh okluk dh gh izfr÷ofu g,4 vk,j nksukX rjG ls okluk eu dks id\Ls
jgrh g,4 Sd vkneh /u bdØk djus ds fyS ikxy g,] fGj nwljk vkneh /u
Nks\Lus ds fyS ikxy gks tkrk g,4 okluk us foijhr vk,j foÎr Wi ys fy;k4 ok
luk dks geus ihNs gIk fn;k ysfdu okluk us ihNs ls geX id\L fy;k4
Sd NksIh7lh dgkuh eT i\Prk Fk] fdlh ?j eX jkr dks nsj rd] og tks x1fg<h
g, mleX vk,j tks x1gifr gT] cgqr fookn gqvk] cgqr >x\Lk gqvk4 ?j Fk e÷;ox
ñ; vk,j i®uh Sd cgqr egaxh lk\Lh [jhn yk;h Fh4 og mudh g,fl;r ds ckgj
Fh4 ifr mls yk,Idj lka> dks gh ns[dj ?cjk x;k vk,j mlus dgk] ;g rqeus

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
D;k fd;k` ml ¬_h us dgk] eTus Hh vius dks cgqr le>k;k] cI n Lsfoy Isé
iIsL eh4 ysfdu ',rku Fk fd og eq>s m®izsfjr djus yxk fd [jhn yks4 eTus c
gqr budkj fd;k] ysfdu ',rku ihNs i\L x;k vk,j dgus yxk] [jhn yks4 rks if
r us dgk] rqeus D;kX u dgk ',rku ls fd ihNs gI tk` t,lk fd ∂kb¬I us ',rk
u ls dgk Fk fd ihNs gI tkvks] lk/q7lar dgrs jgs gT ',rku ls fd ihNs gI tk
vks4 rq>s tksj ls dguk Fk fd ',rku] ihNs gI tkvks4 i®uh us dgk] ;gh rks eq
lhcr gks x;h4 ;gh dgdj rks eT eqfædy eX i\L x;h4 eTus ',rku ls dgk] ',rk
u] ihNs gI4 ',rku ihNs gI x;k] ysfdu mlus ihNs ls esjs da/s ij gkF j[k v
k,j mlus dgk] fiz; ihNs ls rks lk\Lh cgqr vπNh yxrh g,4 ;gh rks eqlhcr gks
x;h fd eTus ',rku ls dgk fd ihNs gI tkvks4 lkeus ls rks y\Luk Hh laHo Fk]
ihNs ls y\Luk Hh eqfædy gks x;k4 lkeus ls rks eT Hh lk\Lh dks ns[rh Fh] ih
Ns ls eq>s ns[uk Hh laHo ugC Fk4 vk,j rc eT IséiIs'u eX i\L x;h vk,j rc eq
>s ;g lk\Lh [jhnuh i\Lh4
cgqr ls yksx ',rku dks dgrs gT] ihNs gI tkvks] ysfdu ',rku ihNs ls vk,j vk
lkuh ls id\L ysrk g,4 cgqr ls yksx okluk ls dgrs gT] ihNs gI tkvks vk,j rc
okluk ihNs ls vk,j Hh vklkuh ls id\L ysrh g,4 ysfdu lkeus ls okluk ns[h
Hh tk ldrh g,] ihNs ls fn[k;h Hh ugC i\Lrh g,4 dqSa ls cprs gT vk,j [kB eX
fxj tkrs gT4 Sd vkneh /u dks ikus ds fyS nk,\Lrk jgrk g,] /u bdØk djr
k jgrk g,4 djrs7djrs mls vuqHo eX vkrk g,] [;ky eX vkrk g, fd ;g rks nk,\
L ø;FZ g,] dqN Hh ik;k ugC4 og /u Nks\Lus dh nk,\L eX i\L tkrk g,] rc og /
u Nks\Lus yxrk g,4 vk,j og lksprk g, fd eT dqN c\Lh eg®oiw<Z miyfç/ dj j
gk gwa4
Fks\Lk fopkj dfjS] vxj /u dks ikus ls dqN ugC feyk rks /u dks Nks\Lus ls dq
N d,ls fey tkSxk4 /u dks ikus ls Hh tc ugC feyrk rks /u dks Nks\Lus ls d,
ls fey tkSxk` ftlds ikus eX dqN ugC feyrk mlds Nks\Lus eX rks vk,j Hh dqN
ugC feysxk4 ysfdu ;gka ',rku ihNs gks tkrk g, vk,j [rjukd gks tkrk g,4 /
u gekjs ikl ge bdØk djrs tkrs gT vk,j vuqHo djrs gT] dqN Hh ugC feyrk
4 ysfdu /u ge Nks\Lus yxrs gT rks ßlk yxrk g, fd ®;kx gks jgk g,] iq≤; gks
jgk g,] ijek®ek izlU gks jgk g,4 vk,j vgadkj dh cgqr lw”e r1fîr vk,j lar1fîr
gksuh 'qW gks tkrh g,4 vgadkj dk iks"< gksuk 'qW gks tkrk g,3eTus Nks\Lk] eTus
®;kx fd;k4 blfyS lkekü;rk x1g¬F ls Hh laü;klh dk vgadkj xgjk] izxk\P] c
gqr iq‘I] cgqr i,uk gks tkrk g,4 cgqr lw”e gks tkrk g,] ysfdu cgqr i,uk4 mlls
NqIdkjk dfOu gks tkrk g,4 laü;klh gwa] eTus ®;kxk g,] ;g Hko id\Lus yxrk g,
4 Fks\Lk fopkj djus ds fyS tWjh g,] vxj /u dk] vxj r1‘<k dk dksB ew¥;
ugC rks r1‘<k ds ®;kx dk rks vk,j Hh dksB ew¥; ugC gksxk4 blfyS eT vkils

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
dg jgk gwa fd vxj okluk dh Hwy fn[k;h i\Lrh g, rks ge okluk dks Nks\Lus
dh Hwy eX i\L tkrs gT4
vk,j euq‘; dk eu Sd SDI≠he ls nwljh SDLI≠he ij] Sd vfr ls nwljh vfr i
j cgqr t¥nh pyk tkrk g,4 Hksxh cgqr t¥nh ®;kxh gks tkrk g,4 Vgld cgqr t
¥nh vVgld gks tkrk g,] v/k√ed cgqr t¥nh /k√ed gks tkrk g,] ikih cgqr t
¥nh iq≤;k®ek gks tkrk g,4 bleX cgqr dfOukB ugC g,4 t,ls ?\Lh dks iXLqye Sd
dksus ls Ohd nwljs dksus eX pyk tkrk g,] chp eX ugC Qdrk] nwljs dksus ls fGj
Ohd igys dksus eX pyk tkrk g,4 iXLqye dh Hkafr euq‘; dk eu vfr;kX eX Lksy
rk g,4 tks vkneh vfr Hkstufiz; g, og fdlh fnu vfr mioklk gks ldrk g,4 b
leX dksB dfOukB ugC g,4 ;s Sd gh pht dh nks vfr;ka gT4 tks vkneh f¬_;kX ds
ihNs ikxy gksdj nk,\L jgk g,] og f¬_;kX dks Nks\Lus ds ihNs ikxy gks ldrk g,4
ysfdu nksukX ckrX Sd gh pht ds vax gT] Sd gh r1‘<k ds fg¬ls gT4 ;g le>
ysuk cgqr vkoæ;d g, fd ;s nksukX Sd gh okluk ds nks fg¬ls gT4 Hksx vk,j ®;kx
i1Fd ckrX ugC gT] Hksx dh Nk;k ®;kx g,4
lkjs txr eX vf/drj nks gh rjg ds yksx gT] nks gh rjg dh fpR dh vo¬FkSa
gT3;k rks Hksfxoknh g,] ;k ®;kxoknh g,4 esjh n1f‘I eX nksukX gh Q≈<] nksukX gh c
hekj gT4 ¬o¬F euq‘; u rks Hksxoknh gksrk g,] u ®;kxoknh gksrk g,4 ¬o¬F euq‘;
u rks bl [;ky ls ihf\Lr gksrk g,] bl okluk ls fd /u ;k ;' vxj eT de
ywa rks dqN fey tkSxk] u nwljh okluk ls ihf\Lr gksrk g, fd bügX vxj Nks\L
nwa rks dqN fey tkSxk4 mls Sd uS vk,j rhljs Vcnq dk vuqHo 'qW gksrk g,4 ®
;kx vk,j Hksx nksukX ls i1Fd Sd rhljs l®; ds izfr mldk tkxj< 'qW gksrk gwa
4
ml rhljs l®; ds izfr rks eT dy vkils ppkZ dWaxk4 vkt eT bu nks vfr;kX ds
ckcr ¬i‘I Wi ls vkils dqN vk,j dguk pkgwaxk4 tks Hksx eX i\Lk g,] mls ®;kx
vknj<h; ekywe gksxk4 ¬okHkfod g,4 mls yxsxk fd eT rks nq[ vk,j lalkj eX
my>k gwa4 tks yksx lalkj dks Nks\Ldj Hkx jgs gT] os /ü; gT4 ysfdu mls irk u
gC fd os esjs gh t,ls yksx gT3esjs gh t,ls eu ds] esjh gh t,lh oklukvkX ds] ds
oy eq>ls foijhr fn'k eX mügkXus pyuk 'qW dj fn;k g,4 muds vrA dX– ij
dksB ∂kafr ugC gqB g,] dsoy mudh fn'kSa cny x;h gT4 Sd vkneh lalkj dh
vksj Hkxk tk jgk g,] vk,j Sd vkneh lalkj Nks\Ldj Hkxk tk jgk g,3nksukX lal
kj ls ca/s gqS gT] nksukX ds fyS lalkj vFZiw<Z g,] nksukX ds thou dk vrA lalkj
g,4 Sd NksIh lh dgkuh ls 'k;n vkidh le> eX vkS4
Sd lqcg Sd taxy ls Sd ø;fDr ydf\L;ka dkIdj vius ?j dh vksj yk,I jgk
g,4 cgqr l†tu g,] cgqr lk/qeuk g,] cgqr thou eX ®;kx dks izfr‘Ok nh g,] la
ifR ds eksg dks Nks\Lk g,] ijek®ek ds gh ¬ej< eX lkjs thou dks yxk;k g,4 ysf
du b/j pkj7ikap fnukX ls o"kZ Fh] vk,j og ydf\L;ka ugC dkI ldk] ydf\L;ka

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
dkIrk] cprk vk,j Hkstu djrk4 u fH{k ekaxrk Fk] u laifR ikl eX j[rk
Fk blfyS ihNs ikap7lkr fnu Hw[s jguk i\Lk4 ikap7lkr fnu dh Hw[ ds ckn
ydf\L;ka dkIdj Fdk7ekank] detksj] ydf\L;kX ds cks> dks fyS gqS taxy ls ok
il yk,I jgk g,4 jkg ds fcydqy fdukjs mls F,yh i\Lh gqB fn[k;h i\Lrh g,4 dq
N eq–kSa ckgj i\Lh gT] dqN F,yh ds Hhrj gT4 Sdne ls mlds eu dks yxrk g,]
eTus rks ¬o<Z ij fot; ik yh g,4 esjh i®uh ihNs vk jgh g,] dgC mldk eu u
Lksy tkS4 Hw[] xjhch] nfj–rk3dgC Sd {< mlus eu eX [;ky u vk tkS4
t¥nh ls mls x∏s eX Lkydj ml F,yh dks feÈh ls iwj fn;k4 iwj Hh ugC ik;k
g, fd i®uh ihNs vk x;h vk,j mlus iwNk fd vki D;k djrs gT` vl®; u cksyus
dk fu;e Fk] mls dguk i\Lk fd ¬o<Z dh dqN eq–kSa FC] mügX ns[dj esjs eu
dks gqvk fd eTus rks ¬o<Z dks thr fy;k g, ysfdu dgC rqégkjs eu eX dksB vkd
ka{k i,nk u gks tkS] dksB okluk i,nk u gks tkS eq–kvkX dks mOkus dh4 blfyS
eTus mügX x∏s eX Lkydj iwj fn;k4 mldh i®uh us dgk] eq>s vkæp;Z g, fd rqégX
vHh ¬o<Z fn[k;h i\Lrk g,4 vk,j eq>s vkæp;Z g, fd rqe feÈh ds Mij feÈh Lk
yus eX Fks\Lh Hh 'eZ vuqHo ugC dj jgs Fs4
;s nks vyx f¬Ffr;ka gT4 Sd g, ¬o<Z ds ®;kx dh] ysfdu ¬o<Z fn[k;h i\Lrk jgs
xk4 D;kXfd cgqr xgjs eX ¬o<Z dh dkeuk 's" cuh jgsxh4 Mij ls NwI tkSxk]
Hhrj vkdka{k cuh jgsxh4 Mij ls NwI tkSxk] Hhrj vkdka{k cuh jgsxh4 Mij
ls tcnZ¬rh Nks\Lk tkSxk blfyS Hhrj vkdka{k vk,j cyorh gks tkSxh4 Mij
ls neu fd;k tkSxk] okluk dks tcnZ¬rh rks\Lk tkSxk4 t,ls dksB dπps iRkX dks
m[k\L ys4 tcnZ¬rh dh tkSxh eu ds lkF] blfyS eu mlds fojks/ eX fujarj
lf∂; vk,j vlay≈u jgsxk4 ¬o<Z dk fojks/ cukS j[uk i\Lsxk4 ¬o<Z dks xkyh
nsuh i\Lsxh4 dkfeuh dkapu dh fujarj xkyh nsuh i\Lsxh] fujarj neu djuk i\Lsx
k4 fujarj eu dks le>kuk i\Lsxk fd cqjk g,] iki g,] cpks4 fujarj lko/kuh cj
ruh i\Lsxh4 fGj Hh] eu ds Hhrj cgqr xgjs eX jl dk;e jgsxk4 neu ls] foj
ks/ ls] ®;kx ls o¬rqSa NwI ldrh gT] jl foyhu ugC gksrk6 ugC gks ldrk g,4 j
l ds foyhu djus dk ;g fu;e Hh ugC g,4 cf¥d ftruk Hh neu rhoz gksxk m
ruk gh †;knk jl xgjk] lw”e vk,j izk<kX ds cgqr var¬rykX eX izfo‘I gks tkSxk4
rks ftu dkeukvkX ls lk/kj< tu Mij7Mij ø;fFr vk,j ihf\Lr gksrk g,] mügC
dkeukvkX ls rFkdfFr laü;klh cgqr xgjs eX ihf\Lr vk,j ø;fFr jgus yxrk g,4
neu bruk rhoz Hh gks ldrk g, fd mldk vpsru eu] mldk dkalsl ekbaL m
ldks tkuus eX Hh vleFZ gks tkS4 og bruk rhoz neu gks ldrk g, fd cgqr x
gjs vpsru eX gh mls [qn Hh cks/ u jgs4 mldh oklukSa ljdus yxX] dHh li
ukX eX mudh >ydh fey tkS] ;k dHh u'k dj ys rks mudk irk pys] ysfdu
lkekü;rA mudk irk pyuk can gks tkS4 vk,j blhfyS lk/q uCn ls Ljus yxrs

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
gT] D;kXfd uCn eX tks nck;k g, og liukX izdI gksus yxrk g,4 lk/q Ljus yxrk
g, uCn ls3de uCn gks] de ls de uCn gks4 D;kXfd fnu7Hj rks og mlds lps
r eu eX] mlds psru eX mls irk ugC pyrk fd oklukSa gT4 ysfdu tc jkr f
'fFy gksdj lks tkrk g,4 f'fFy gksrs gh eu dk fu;a_< Phyk gksrs gh] okluk
vkX ds osx mOus 'qW gks tkrs gT4 rks tks iki lkekü; euq‘; fnu eX djrk g,] og
h iki neu fd;k gqvk ø;fDr jkr ds va/sjs eX liukX eX dj ysrk g,4 ysfdu iki
djus eX dksB Hsn guC g,4 tks cqjkb;ka vk,j dkeukSa vk,j oklukSa fnu eX ?sjrh
gT os mls jkr lius eX ?sj ysrh gT4 eu dk dke iwjk gks tkrk g,4 eu ds dke
eX dksB Hsn ugC i\Lrk4
;g tks neu dh] rFkdfFr ®;kx dh] fjuaflS'u dh] Nks\Ldj Hkx tkus dh t
ks o1fR g,] ;g okluk dk gh nwljk Wi g,4 vk,j Sd vksj ls cpdj vxj ge nwl
jh vksj fxj tkSa rks dksB ∂kafr] dksB ifjorZu ugC gksrk] cf¥d geus dsoy da
/s cny fyS gT4 t,ls yksx eqn∆ dks ej?I ys tkrs gT] Sd da/k Fd tkrk g, rks
nwljs da/s ij ckal dks j[ ysrs gT4 fGj nwljkX Fd tkrk g, rks nwljs ij cny ys
rs gT4 da/s cny ysus ls otu lekîr ugC gksrk4 Fks\Lh nsj g¥dk ekywe gks ldrk
g,4 da/k cnyuk g,4 vxj tcnZ¬rh ge oklukvkX ds fojks/ eX [\Ls gks tkSa3okl
uk dh vlGyrk okluk ds fojks/ eX ys tkS rks ckr ø;FZ gks x;h4
fGj D;k gks` nks gh ckrX lkeus fn[k;h i\Lrh gT3;k rks Hksx fn[k;h i\Lrk g,]
;k ®;kx4 nks gh fod¥i ekywe gksrs gT3;k rks vgadkj fn[k;h i\Lrk g,] fouezrk
4 vgadkj cqjk g,] ßlk vuqHo eX vkrk g, rks ge fouez gksus eX yx tkrs gT4 dks
f'' djrs gT fd fouez gks tkS] fouhr gks tkS] ysfdu D;k fouhr euq‘; ds v
gadkj ls vki ifjfpr gT` D;k tks cgqr fouhr gks x;k euq‘; g,] mlds Hhrj
vkidks vgadkj ds n'Zu ugC gksrs` D;k tks dgrk g, fd eT fcydqy fouez gwa] m
lds Hhrj vgadkj ek,twn ugC g,` vgadkj ø;FZ ekywe gksrk g, rks fouezrk dk
vkjksi< ge 'qW dj nsrs gT4 vgadkj vlGy ekywe i\Lrk g,] ih\Lk nsrk ekywe
gksrk g, rks lksprs g,] vgadkj ls foijhr dksB ckr id\L yX4 Vglk ih\Lk nsrh g,
rks vVglk dks id\L yX] ?1<k ih\Lk nsrh g, rks izse dks id\L yX4 ysfdu tks eu ?1
<k ls Hjk gqvk g,] og izse d,ls dj ldsxk4 vk,j vxj izse dh ps‘Ik djsxk rks
og ps‘Ik >wOh gksxh] vkjksfir gksxh] Mij ls yknh x;h gksxh4
dy eTus Fks\Lk7lk jkf_ eX bl laca/ eX dgk fd psf‘Ir izse >wOk gks tkSxk] vf
Hu; gks tkSxk4 psf‘Ir fouezrk Hh >wOh gks tkSxh4 psf‘Ir ®;kx Hh >wOk gks
tkSxk4 vk,j rc ;g ®;kx Hh okluk dk gh fNik gqvk Wi gksxk vk,j ;g ',rk
u ihNs ls id\L ysxk4 lkeus ls id\Lus eX fGj Hh y\LkB vklku Fh4 ihNs ls id\
Lus eX y\LkB cgqr dfOu vk,j eqfædy gks tkSxh4 blhfyS tks ®;kxh gT] rFkdf
Fr ®;kx ls ifjfpr gT] os lkjs yksx ml ®;kx ds iqj¬dkj eX Hksx dh gh dksB
dkeuk djrs jgrs gT4 o,dqaO eX] ¬oxZ eX] cfgær eX Hksx dh gh dkeuk djrs jg

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
rs gT4 ogka d¥io1{kX dk fuekZ< djrs jgrs gT4 ogka vîljkvkX] gwjkX dh ø;o¬Fk d
jrs jgrs gT4 ogka 'jkc ds >jus cgkrs jgrs gT4 ogka vuar ;k,ou] vuar lq[ dh
d¥iuk djrs jgrs gT4 os yksx tks ;gka ®;kxh ekywe i\Lrs gT] var eX ml ®;kx
ds iqj¬dkj eX Hksx dh gh vkdka{k djrs gT4 rks ;g ®;kx tWj fNik gqvk Hksx
gksxk4
cksf//eZ uke dk Sd fH{q Hkjr ls dksB pk,ng lk, o"Z igys pht x;k4 ogka ow
uke ds lezkI us mldk ¬okxr fd;k4 jk†; dh lhek ij vkdj cksf//eZ ds ¬o
kxr eX mlus c\Lk lekjksg fd;k4 lekjksg ds ckn fuiI tkus ij la÷;k dks foJk
e ds le; og cksf//eZ ds pj<kX eX c,Ok4 mlus iwNk] eTus brus fogkj cuokS]
bruh Hxoku dh ew√r;ka fu√er djok;h] brus fH{qvkX dks Hkstu nsrk gwa] brus
/eZxzaF izdkf'r djokS] bl lc iq≤; dk Gy D;k gksxk` lHh iq≤;k®ek ;gh
iwN jgs gT fd bl iq≤; dk Gy D;k gksxk`
eT xaxk ds fdukjs ihNs x;k Fk Sd ;K eX] ogka Sd c\Ls lk/q yksxkX dks le>k j
gs Fs fd ;gka xaxk ds fdukjs tks Sd Qi;k nku djrk g,] Hxoku mls gtkj Qi
S nsuk g,4 yksx nku Hh dj jgs Fs4 Sd QiS ds cnys eX gtkj QiS feyrs gkXxs
rks dksB ukle> gksxk] tks nku ugC djsxk` lkjs /eZ ;g le>krs jgs gT fd tks
;gka ®;kx djrk g,] ogka miyç/ djrk g,4 rks tks ikxy gkXxs] tks ;gka] ®;kx
u djX ogka miyç/ u dj yX4 ftuds eu eX yksH xgjk g, og tWj ®;kxh cu
tkSaxs D;kXfd yksH] iqj¬dkj] laHkouk] lqj{k og lc muds eu dks id\L ysxh4
cksf//eZ ls ml jktk us dgk] D;k Gy gksxk` cksf//eZ cksyk] dqN Hh ugC4 jk
tk g,jku gqvk gksxk4 laü;klh ßlh ckr dHh ugC cksyrs gT4 Gy cgqr c\Pkdj c
rkrs gT fd D;k Gy gksxk] D;kXfd mlh ds cy ij laü;klh thrs gT4 vkids ®;kx
ds cy ij os thrs gT vki Hksx ds fyS ®;kx djrs gT4 ysfdu cksf//eZ us dgk]
dqN Hh ugC4 foijhr rqégX ;g [;ky i,nk gqvk rks iki gks x;k vk,j gkfu gks
x;h4
ow cgqr ijs'ku gqvk] jktk cgqr ijs'ku gqvk4 mlus dgk] vki ;g dgrs D;k gT
` rks eTus ;g lc fd;k] csdkj x;k` cksf//eZ us dgk] fcydqy feÈh eX x;k]
ikuh eX x;k] lc csdkj x;k4 vk,j uqdlku ;g gks x;k fd rqégX [;ky i,nk gks
x;k fd eTus dqN fd;k g,4 eTus dqN /eZ fd;k g,4
og tks vkneh lqcg eafnj gks vkrk g,] okil vk tkrk g,] lksprk g,] eTus /eZ f
d;k g,4 iπphl dne xS] iπphl dne yk,Is] Sd nGk flj uhps i®Fj ij iI
dk vk,j r; gks x;k fd eTus /eZ fd;k g,4 Sd vkneh lqcg ls Sd fdrkc dks
[ksydj c,O tkrk g,] og ikap iafDr;ka i\P ysrk g,] ue¬dkj dj ysrk g,] lkspr
k g,] eTus /eZ fd;k g,4 Sd vkneh tusM Lky ysrk g,] dku eX yxk ysrk g,] lks
prk g, eTus /eZ fd;k g,] Sd vkneh dqN vk,j jke7jke dk uke ys ysrk g,] lq
cg ls mOdj lksprk g,] eTus /eZ fd;k g,4

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
cgqr jk¬rs eX /k√ed gksus dk etk ys fy;k tkrk g, vk,j vgadkj dh r1fîr gks
tkrh g,4 Sd vkneh dqN Fks\Lk Nks\L nsrk g,] nku dj nsrk g,] ;k cgqr †;knk]
lksprk g, fd eT /k√ed gks x;k4 bl lcds ihNs vkdka{k g,4 blfyS /eZxzaFkX dks
vki i\PXxs rks mueX ®;kx dk Hh o<Zu g, vk,j lkF eX D;k7D;k iqj¬dkj feysxk
] mldk Hh4 iqj¬dkj dh cgqr c\Pk7p\Pkdj ø;o¬Fk dh x;h g,4 vk,j tks ®;kx
u djXxs] mudks naL D;k feysxk] mldk o<Zu g,4 vk,j tks Hh djXxs] muds fyS
D;k naL feysxk] mldk Hh o<Zu g,4 muds fyS Hh udk˜ dh ø;o¬Fk g, vk,j mu
ds fyS tks iq≤; djXxs] ®;kx djXxs] ¬oxZ dh ø;o¬Fk g,4 D;k blds dkj< gekjk
yksH eu izHkfor ugC gks tkrk gksxk` vk,j D;k ml yksH ds ihNs gh ge eafn
j /eZ'kykSa cukrs gT` D;k ml yksH ds ihNs gh ge nku Hh djrs gT4 ysfdu ;
g dksB eu dh ∂kafr ugC g,4 ;g ogh Hksx g, tks uS Wi eX [\Lk gks x;k g,4 ;
g ogh Hksx g,4 ;g Hksx dh gh nwljh ifj<fr g,4 ;g Hksx dk gh nwljk Wikarj
< g,4
Hksx vk,j ®;kx nksukX gh ekxZ ugC gT4 Hksx Hh ca/u g, vk,j ®;kx Hh ca/u g,6 D
;kXfd nksukX eX gh okluk] lw”e okluk dke dj jgh g,] dqN vk,j gksus dh okluk
dke dj jgh g,4 vHh Sd laü;klh eq>s feys4 os eq>ls dgus yxs] dqN Hh gks
tkS] blh thou eX eqDr gksuk g,4 eTus muls iwNk] ßlh t¥nh Hh D;k g,` vk,j
vkf[j vkidks eqDr gksuk gh pkfgS] bldh tWjr Hh D;k g,` vk,j blh tüe
eX D;kX` vk,j D;k dHh vki lksprs gT fd ;g ogh eu g, tks dgrk g, fd djks\L
QiS gksus pkfgS6 tks dgrk g,] c\Lk Hou gksuk pkfgS6 tks dgrk g,] cgqr7 xk
f\L;ka gksuh pkfgS6 tks dgrk g,] cgqr c\Lk in gksuk pkfgS6 iz/kuea_h gks tkMa
fd jk‘I≠ifr gks tkMa fd dqN vk,j gks tkMa tks ;g dgrk g,] D;k ;g ogh eu
ugC g,] tks dgrk g, fd eks{ ik ywa] Hxoku dks ik ywa] c,dqaO eX ¬Fku cyk ywa]
fl0 f'yk ij fojkteku gks tkMa3D;k ;g ogh eu ugC g,` D;k ogh Ohd fp
R dh n'k ugC g,` ;g dksB ∂kafr u gqB4 ;gka ds in NwIrs gT rks ogka eks{ ds
in 'qW gks tkrs gT4 ;g ogh eu dk Wi g, tks pkgrk g, fd eT dqN gks tkMa4
vk,j ;g NksIk yksH ugC g,4 blfyS eTus dgk] dqSa ls cpdj [kB eX fxj tkuk
g,4 D;kXfd tks vkneh dgrk g, fd eT c\Ls in ij gks tkMa] fefu¬Ij gks tkMa] jk
‘I≠ifr gks tkMa] bldk yksH fGj Hh lhfer g,4 D;kXfd fdrus fnu jk‘I≠ifr jgsx
k` o"Z nks o"Z] ipkl o"Z] fGj` fGj ek,r lc feIk nsxh4 ysfdu yksHh dk tc
eu cgqr cgjk gks tkrk g, rks og ßlk eks{ ikrk g, tks vuar gks] fGj ftld
k dHh var gh u vkS4 ßlk in pkgrk g,] ije in fd fGj mldk dksB var u
gks] fGj og lnk lq[ eX vk,j lnk 'kafr eX fojkteku jgs4 vej vk®ek gks] '
kæor vuar eks{ gks4 mleX izfrf‘Or gksuk pkgrk g,] mleX izos' ikuk pkgrk g,4
;g ogh vkneh g,] ykH c\Lk gks x;k4 ;g ogh x1g¬F g, laü;kl ds uke ls4 bl

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
dk yksH] vgadkj vuar gks xS] cgqr vusd xq< c\Ls gks xS4 ;g dksB ∂kafr eu
dh ugC g,4
yksH vk,j vyksH] vk,j ;g Hksx vk,j ®;kx fHU ckrX ugC gT] ;s fojks/h ckr ug
C gT4 fojks/h fn[rh gT] ysfdu Sd gh ckr g,4 fHU ugC gT D;kXfd nksukX ds Hhr
j Sd gh fpR dke djrk g,4 ;g ns[uk] vuqHo djuk] fopkj djuk] foæys"
< djuk tWjh g,4 ugC rks cgqr ¬okHkfod g,] r1‘<k ø;FZ ekywe i\Ls rks ge r1‘
<k ds fojks/ ds ekxZ ij pys tkS4 cgqr ¬okHkfod g,4 cgqr ¬okHkfod4 dkeuk
ø;FZ ekywe i\Ls rks rqe vdke gksus dh ps‘Ik eX yx tkS4 lsDl nq[n vk,j ihf\
Lr ekywe i\Ls rks ge cz‰p;Z dks Fksius dh dksf'' eX lay≈u gks tkS4 ysfdu ß
ls cz‰p;Z ds Hhrj Hh lsDlqvfyIh] dkeqdrk dk;e jgsxh] ;g geX fn[k;h ugC
i\Lrk4 ;g rFkdfFr tks Hsn g,] xgjk ugC g,] cgqr Mijh g,4
eT Sd lk÷oh ds ikl Fk4 leq– dh gok pyrh Fh4 esjk pknj m\Lrk Fk vk,j l
k÷oh dks Nwrk Fk4 muds izk< dai xS4 muds psgjs ij eq>s yxk fd os ckrX rks
vk®ek dh dj jgh gT ysfdu pYj esjk mügX cgqr rdyhG ns jgk g,4 ysfdu eTus
dgk] gokSa pyrh gT] pyus nks4 gokSa pYj dks m\Lkrh g,] m\Lkus nks] viuk D;
k o' g,` pknj mügX Nwrk x;k4 fGj esjs ikl dksB tkudkj Fs] iafLr Fs] mügkX
us esjk pknj jksdk vk,j dgk fd vkidks bruk Hh [;ky ugC g,` iqQ" dk pY
j lk÷oh dks Nw jgk g,] mügX c\Lk iki yx jgk g,4 mügX c\Lh eqfædy gks jgh g,4
eTus mu lk÷oh dks iwNk fd vki vk®ek dh ckrX dj jgh g, vk,j vki dg jgh f
d ge 'jhj ugC gT] ysfdu esjk pYj] pwafd eT vks\Ps gqS gwa blfyS og pYj Hh
iqQ" gks x;k` og pYj Hh2 mleX Hh lsDl izfo‘I gks x;k] og Hh iqQ" vk,j
¬_h gks x;k2 vk,j esjk pYj pwafd vkidks Nw jgk g,] vkids psgjs gj ?cjkgI v
k,j csp,uh g,4 ;g ?cjkgI vk,j csp,uh Hhrj fNih gqB dkeqdrk dk izrhd ugC g,
` D;k Hhrj cgqr xgjs eX lsDlqvfyIh ugC c,Oh g,` lsDlqvfyIh tc cgqr xgjs
eX c,O tkS rks iqQ" dk gkF Nwus dh tWjr ugC g,4 iqQ" dk pYj Hh NqS rks
Hhrj okluk ygjX ysuk 'qW dj nsxh4 dkeuk mOuk 'qW dj nsxh4 tc cgqr x
gjs eX] Mij ls nck fy;k tkS vk,j dkeqdrk cgqr xgjs eX c,O tkS rks iqQ" d
k ¬i'Z ek_ ;k ¬_h dk ¬i'Z ek_ cgqr okluk dks txkus yxsxk4
vk®ek dh ckrX gT] 'jhj ge ugC gT] bldk fopkj g,] vk,j pYj Hh ijs'ku dj
nsrh g, rks fGj bleX dksB laxfr fn[rh g,` bu lkjs VprukX eX dksB vFZ fn[
rk g,` ;g rFkdfFr cz‰p;Z] Fksik gqvk cz‰p;Z lsDlqvfyIh dk gh] mldh gh
foÎr Wi g,6 mldk gh nck;k gqvk Wi g,4 blfyS ?cjkgI] blfyS csp,uh vk,
j ijs'kuh g,4 blfyS lkjh ijs'kuh g,] blfyS lkjh fnDdr g,4
Sd cq0 ds thou eX m¥ys[ g,4 os Sd igk\L ds fdukjs] o1{ ds uhps c,Odj lqc
g7lqcg ds ÷;ku ds ckn mOs Fs4 lwjt mxk gqvk Fk4 dksB Hkxrk gqvk muds lk
eus ls fudyk4 ihNs ls dqN yksx vk,j Hkxrs gqS vkS4 xkao ds dqN ;qod Sd os

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
æ;k dks id\Ldj ys vkS Fs taxy eX4 osæ;k Hkx x;h Fh vk,j ;qod mls [kstus
fudys4 ns[k] Sd fH{q c,Ok g,4 mlls iwNk fd D;k vkius ;gka ls fdlh osæ;k dks
tkrs ns[k` cq0 us dgk] osæ;k dks` dksB fudyk tWj] osæ;k Fh ;k ugC] dg
uk dfOu g,4 mügkXus iwNk] fdlh ¬_h dks tkrs ns[k` cq0 us dgk] dksB fudyk
tWj] ¬_h Fh fd iqQ" Fk] dguk dfOu g,4 rks mügkXus dgk] djrs D;k gT ;gka
c,Os` lHh dqN dfOu g,4 rks cq0 us dgk] tc rd eT iqQ" Fk rc rd ckgj ¬
_h fn[k;h i\Lrh Fh4 tc rd eT iqQ" Fk rc rd ckgj ¬_h fn[k;h i\Lrh Fh4
og esjh dkeuk Fh] tks ¬_h dks fn[krh Fh4 vc rks yksx fn[k;h i\Lrs gT] ¬_h
vk,j iqQ" ugC4 vk,j tc eT xk,j ls ns[rk gwa rks eq>s gfÒ;ka fn[kB i\Lrh gT] e
kal fn[kB i\Lrk g,] vk,j rks ogka dqN Hh fn[k;h ugC i\Lrk4 rks gfÒ;ka dk Sd
Psj ;gka ls x;k4 vk,j cq0 us dgk] fe_kX] D;k mfpr u gksxk fd rqe mldh [
kst eX tkvks] mlls †;knk mfpr u gksxk] fd rqe viuh [kst djks` D;k ;g mf
pr g, fd rqe mldh [kst eX tkvks ;k fd ;g fd rqe viuh [kst djks` rqe
brus Vpfrr gks xS gks fd dksB rqe ftls ykS Fs] Hkx x;k4 vk,j rqe blds fy
S tjk Hh Vpfrr ugC gks fd rqégkjk [qn] rqégkjh [qn dh lRk rqels Hkxh gqB
g, vk,j rqégX mldk dksB irk ugC g,4
ge lkjh nqfu;k eX fdlh vk,j dks [kstus eX yxs gT vk,j viuh [kst eX ugC gT4
vk,j tc ;g [kst cnyrh Hh g, rks ftls ge [kstus eX yxs Fs mlls ge Hkxus
eX yx tkrs gT4 bywtu] og Hze dk;e jgrk g,4 ftls ge [kstus tk jgs Fs3le
> yX fd ;s ;qod Fs] cq0 us dgk] mfpr g, fd rqe vius dks [kstks osæ;k dks
[kstus ls] ml ¬_h dks [kstus ls] ;k ftldks Hh rqe [kstus fudys gks] mldks i
rk yxkus ls D;k iz;kstu g,` rks ;qod dgX fd ckr rks Ohd g,] ftl osæ;k dks
ge [kstus fudys Fs] vc mfpr gksxk fd mlls nwj Hkxus eX yx tkS4 vc ge
HkxX vk,j irk yxkS fd osæ;k dgka ugC g,] mügC fn'kvkX eX tkS4 rks ge bu
dks dgXxs] ;s ikxy gT4 osæ;k dks [kstrs Fs rks ikxy Fs] vc ikxyiu us nwljk
Wi ys fy;k fd vc tgka7tgka ls osæ;k gks] ogka7ogka ls Hkxuk g,4 vc ;g nwljk
ikxyiu] ;g nwljh bulsfuIh] nwljh e,Lusl 'qW gqS4 Sd ikxyiu Fk fd tgka
7tgka osæ;k gT] ogka7ogka tkuk g, vk,j vc Sd ikxyiu 'qW gqvk g, fd tgka7tg
ka osæ;k u gks] ogka7ogka tkuk g,4 lalkj Nks\Luk g,] fgeky; dh rjkb;kX eX tkuk
g,4 vc Hkxuk g, ogka tgka iki dh dksB laHkouk] dksB vk/kj] dksB vkyacu u
gks4 igys Fk fd tgka iki gks ogh tkuk g,] tgka cqjkB gks] tgka dkeuk gks4 ;g
nwljh f¬Ffr Hh ikxyiu dh g,4
ugC] u rks /u ds ihNs Hkxus eX vFZ g,] u /u ls nwj Hkxus eX vFZ g,4 u rks
',rku dks lkeus j[us eX vFZ g,] u ',rku dks ihNs gIk nsus eX vFZ4 [kstuk mls
g,] tks ge g,4 u rks dqN vk,j [kstuk g,] u dqN vk,j ®;kxuk g,4 u rks dqN v
k,j Hh ihNs tkuk g,] u fdlh vk,j ls Hkxuk g,4 [kstuk mls g, tks bl lkjh [ks

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
t ds Hhrj g,6 og tks [ksth gks6 og tks lc [kst jgk g,4 tks ®;kx [kst jgk
g,] Hksx [kst jgk g,] mls [kstuk g,4 tks mls [kstrk g, og Nk;k ds thou ls eq
Dr gksdj ok¬rfod thou dh fn'k eX izfo‘I gksrk g,4
d,ls ge mls [kst ldXxs tks lc [kst ds ihNs [\Lk g,] mdls laca/ eX ge dy
lqcg ppkZ djXxs4 esjh bu ckrkX dk bruh izhfr vk,j 'kafr ls lquk g,] mlds fy
S cgqr7cgqr vuqx1ghr gwa4
Se~ Sl~ dkyst] iwuk] fnukad ¡¡ twu] ¡ª§§] lqcg
izæu7'wü; fpR
cgqr izæu bdØs gks xS gT4 ;g izæukX dh tks Hh\L g,] ;g gekjs eu dh Hh\L dh
lwpuk g,4 t,ls o1{kX ds iRs yxrs gT] o,ls chekj eu eX izæu yxrs gT4 Q≈< fpR
gks] vo¬Fk fpR gks rks cgqr izæu i,nk gksrk rks gT4 t,ls7t,ls fpR ¬o¬F gksrk
tkrk g, o,ls7o,ls izæu fxjrs tkrs gT4 ¬o¬F fpR dk y{< fu‘izæu gks tkuk g,4
eu eX cgqr7lh ckrX mOrh gT] mueX ls dqN vkius iwNh gT4 tks cgqr vk/kjHwr
izæu gT] ftuls thou dk laca/ g,] mu ij Fks\Lh7lh vafre ckr vkt vkils dgwa
xk4
izæu nks izdkj ds gksrs gT3Fks\Lk bl laca/ eX vkils dgwa] fGj vkids izæukX dks ywa4
Sd rks os izæu gT tks 'k¬_kX }kjk i,nk gks tkrs gT vk,j Sd os izæu gT tks thou
ls i,nk gksrs gT4 'k¬_kX ls tks izæu i,nk gksrs gT mügX gy djus eX tks yxk g,] og
vius le; dks ø;FZ [ks jgk g,4 ysfdu thou ls tks izæu i,nk gksrs gT mügX gy
djus dh fn'k eX tks lay≈u gksrk g, og tWj fdlh lkFZd lek/ku dks miyç/
gks tkrk g,4 vk,j o,lk ø;fDr] tks vius thou dh le¬;kvkX dk lek/ku [kst
ysrk g,] og lkjs 'k¬_kX eX mOkS xS izæukX dk lek/ku vuk;kl ik tkrk g,4 m
ls [kstus vyx ls ugC tkuk gksrk g,4 ysfdu tks 'k¬_kX ds izæu [kstus tkrk g,
og 'k¬_kX ds izæukX ds mRj rks dHh miyç/ ugC djrk] thou dk tks lek/ku
fey ldrk Fk] og ml le; dks Hh ø;FZ [ks nsrk g,4 cgqr fopkj<h; g,] D;
k ge [kstX` dk,u7lh gekjh le¬;k dX–h; g, ftls ge id\Ls] lqy>kS vk,j mlls
eqDr gkX`
cq0 ds thou eX Sd ?Iuk g,4 Sd xkao eX xS Fs4 fGj ml ?Iuk dks os thou7
Hj nksgjkrs jgs6 cgqr yksxkX dks ml ?Iuk ds laca/ eX dgrs jgs4 tc Hh dksB m
uls izæu iwNrk Fk rks og ml ?Iuk dks tWj okil nksgjk nsrs Fs4 Sd xkao eX
xS Fs4 Sd vkneh dks rhj yx x;k Fk4 ml vkneh ls yksxkX us dgk fd ge r
hj dks fudky nX` og vkneh cksyk] igys eq>s bldk irk yx tkS Fd rhj f
dlus ekjk4 igys eq>s bldk irk py tkS fd '_q us] fd fe_ us] fd Hwy ls4
;g Hh eq>s irk py tkS fd rhj fo"cq>k g, ;k fcuk fo"cq>k6 rhj fdl /k
rq dk cuk g,4 rks tks fe_ bdØs Fs mügkXus dgk] vxj ge rqégkjs bu lc izæukX

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
dk irk yxkus tkS rks 'k;n lc ckrkX dk irk py tkS] ysfdu rc rd rqe
thfor ugC jgksxh4 rks mfpr g,] izæu ckn eX iwNuk] igys rhj fudky ysus nks4
vk,j rhj fudy vkS] fGj rqe [qn gh [kst ysuk fd rhj fdlus ekjk3fe_ us
fd '_q us] fd fo"cq>k g, fd ugC] fdl /krq dk cuk g,4 rqe [qn gh [kst ys
uk4 cq0 yksxkX ls dgrs] ge lc Hh rhj ls Vc/s i\Ls gT4 vk,j ge iwNrs D;k gT`
ge cgqr7ls izæu iwNrs gT] 'k;n Sd cqfu;knh izæu dks Nks\Ldj fd ;g tks nq[
dk rhj gekjs Hhrj yxk g,] ;g d,ls nwj gks` cgqr7ls izæu gT4 dksB izæu g,] l1f
‘I ijek®ek us cuk;h ;k gC cuk;C` vki dks rhj yxk i\Lk g,] vk,j vki iwN
jgs gT fd rhj fdl yksgkj us cuk;h` yksgkj us cuk;k ;k ugC` gkF dk cuk gq
vk g, ;k r“rh dk cuk gqvk g,` vk,j bldk irk Hh py tkS fd fdl yksgkj
us cuk;k rks Hh rhj dk fNnk gksuk blls lekîr ugC gksxk4 ;g irk Hh py t
kS fd ijek®ek us l1f‘I cuk;h rks D;k gksxk` ;g Hh irk py tkS fd ijek®
ek us l1f‘I ugC cuk;h rks D;k gksxk`
thou dh tks ih\Lk g,] thou dk tks ladI g,] tks lar g,] og ek_ bl rjg ds
ck,f0d fopkjkX ls Mgkiksg ls lekîr ugC gksrh g,4 fGj blh rjg ds cgqr7ls izæ
u gT] mügX eT thou ds izæu ugC ekurk gwa] os gekjh ck,f0d [qtykgIX gT4 t,ls
[kyh gks tkS] mls [qtykus ls cgqr lq[ feyrk ekywe gksrk g,] ysfdu ckn eX
irk pyrk g,] [qtkus dk lq[ fgrdj ugC Fk4 mlls ?ko c\Ls gks xS gT4 Ohd
o,ls gh cqf0 cgqr7lh ckrkX dks [qtykus eX lq[ ysrh g,4 [kt dks [qtykus t,lh
g,] c\Lh Q≈< vknr g,] mleX cgqr vFZ ugC g,4 vFZ g, thou dh le¬;kvkX dks
id\Lus dk] igpkuus dk4 Ohd7Ohd le¬;k dks id\Lus vk,j igpkuus dk4 ml l
e¬;k dks vxj vki id\L ysrs gT rks le> yhftS] vk/k lek/ku rks gks x;k4
Ohd le¬;k dks id\L ysuk] Ohd jksx dk funku dj ysuk vk/h fpfd®lk g,4 'k
;n vk/h ls Hh †;knk fpfd®lk g,4
rks tks eq>s thou ds izæu ekywe gksrs gT mu ij eT vkt vafre fnu Fks\Lh7lh ck
r vkil ds dgwaxk4
Sd cgqr eg®oiw<Z ckr iwNh g,3iwNk g,] eTus dgk fd vki lc fopkjkX ls eqDr
gks tkS] lc 'k¬_kX ls eqDr gks tkS] lc 'çnkX ls eqDr gks tkS rks fpR ¬ora_
gksxk4 rks iwNk g,] fGj rks ge vkids 'çnkX ds izHko eX vk tkSaxs4 vkids 'çn
gekjs Hhrj c,O tkSaxs] vkids fopkj dk lgkjk gks tkSxk4 rks D;k ;g Hh ca
/u g,`
fufæpr gh] ;g Hh ca/u g,4 eT ;g ugC dg jgk gwa fd nwljkX ds fopkj rks ca/
u gT vk,j esjs fopkj eqfDr gT4 fopkj ek_ ca/u gT4 og pkgs fdlh ds gkX6 esjs
gkX] ;k fdlh vk,j ds gkX4 tc Hh fopkj ckgj ls vkrk g, rks ca/u gks tkrk g,4
rks esjh ckrkX dks vxj vki ;kn dj yX] vk,j esjh ckr ij J0k dj yX vk,j
esjh ckr dks id\L yX rks vki xyrh eX gks xS4 xqykeh dk;e jgsxh eu dh] b

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
lls NqIdkjk ugC gksxk4 ugC] eT ;g ugC dg jgk gwa fd esjh ckr dks vki eku
yX4
Sd vkneh jk¬rs ij tkrk g,] i,j eX dkIk yx tkrk g,4 rks D;k djrk g,` Sd
nwljk dkaIk mOrk g, vk,j igys dkaIs dks fudky nsrk g,4 ysfdu D;k nwljs dkaIs
dks ?ko eX j[ ys rks g,` ugC] igyk fudy x;k] nwljk Hh GXd nsrk g,4 rks eT
dg jgk gwa] vkids eu eX fopkjkX dk tks yxk dkaIk g,] vxj esjs fopkj nwljs
dkaIs dh rjg mls fudky yX rks vki c\Lh Îik djXxs] bl nwljs dkaIs dks cgqr t
¥nh GXd nsrk6 bls j[us dk Lj g,4 ;g j[ fy;k tkS rks dkaIk dkaIk g,] dksB
GdZ u gC i\Lrk4 fGj csdkj dh esgur gqB4 igys gh dkaIk yxk jgrk rks Hh
dksB GdZ ugC i\Lrk4 fGj rks iqjkuk gh dkaIk csgrj g,4 de ls de mldh pqH
u de gks tkrh g,4 u;k dkaIk vk,j Hh †;knk pqHu nsxk4
rks esjs fopkj dks id\L ugC ysuk g,4 esjk fopkj dksB laiznk; ugC cuk ysuk g,
eu eX4 esjk fopkj dksB iaF ugC g,] dksB i{ ugC g,4 eT vkidks dksB fopkj
ugC ns jgk gwa] eT dsoy vkils dg jgk gwa fd ;g cks/ vxj vki Ohd ls vius
eu eX le>Xxs rks vkidks [;ky eX vkSxk] tks eq>s fn[kB i\L jgk g,] og eT v
kils ckr dj jgk gwa4 dksB mins' ugC ns jgk gwa4 eq>s fn[k;h i\Lrk g, fd tks f
opkj ckgj ls vkrs gT os fpR dks ?sj ysrs gT4 fpR mueX ca/ tkrk g,4 rks ge
D;k djX` D;k mfpr u gksxk fd bu lkjs fopkjkX dks {h< gksus nX` vk,j fpR
dks eqDr gksus nX` fpR gekjk g,] fopkj nwljs ds gT4 fGj fpR ca/k gqvk gks rks
og ;k_k ugC dj ldrk4
igk\L ij p\Puk gksrk g, fdlh dks rks lkjs cks> dks uhps Nks\L nsuk gksrk g,4 ftr
us Mij p\Pus yxrk g,] mrus cks> dks Nks\L nsuk gksrk g,4 ftruh MapkB ij tku
k gks mruk fuHkZj gksuk tWjh g,4 cks>] otu de gksuk tWjh g,4 vkf[jh xk,jh
'adj dh pksIh p\Puh gks rks lc cks> Nks\Ldj uhps tkuk gksrk g,4 l®; dh pksIh
ij p\Pus dh ftuds eu eX î;kl g,] ijek®ek ds jg¬; dks tkuus dh ftuds e
u eX vHhîlk txh g,] mügX lkjs Hkj dks Nks\L nsuk eu dk4 vk,j eu ls fcydqy
fuHkZj gks tkuk i\Lsxk4 tc eu fcydqy fuHkZj gksrk g, rks mldh xfr Mij7M
ij mOuh 'qW gks tkrh g,4 bl fuHkZj gksus ds fyS esjs fopkjkX dks vki j[ yXxs
rks fuHkZj ugC gkXxs6 fGj Hkjxz¬r gks tkSaxs4 esjh ckr Nks\L nsuh g,4 ftl n1f‘I
dh eT ckr dj jgk gwa ml n1f‘I ij [;ky j[uk g,4
eT pkan dh crkMa maxyh ls rks nks jk¬rs gT3;k rks vki esjh maxyh id\L yX fd
c\Lh vkius Îik dh tks pkan fn[yk;k] ge vkidh maxyh dh iwtk djXxs4 ßlk g
h gqvk g,4 egkohj dh maxyh id\Ls gqS yksx t,u dgykrs gT] eksgéen dh maxyh
id\Ls gqS yksx eqlyeku dgykrs gT] cq0 dh maxyh id\Ls gqS yksx ck,0 dgykrs
gT] jke dh maxyh id\Ls gqS yksx Vgnw dgykrs gT4 pkan dks dksB ugC ns[rk4 ma
xfy;ka id\L yh gT] maxfy;kX dh iwtk py jgh g,4 ugC] maxfy;ka Nks\L nsus t,lh

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
gT] pkan ns[us t,lk g,4 maxfy;kX dk D;k iz;kstu g,` maxfy;ka Nks\L nX4 maxyh id\
L yXxs] pkan ns[uk eqfædy gks tkSxk4 maxyh dh lkFZdrk ;gh g, fd mls Nks\L
nX vk,j pkan dks ns[X4
rks eT ftl rjG b'kjk dj jgk gwa] ml rjG4 eT tks dgk jgk gwa] ogu gC4 eT
ftlls b'kjk dj jgk gwa] ftu 'çnkX ls] og ugC] cf¥d ftl ek,u vk,j fu'çn
dh vksj b'kjk dj jgk gwa] og4 vk,j og esjk ugC g,4 og fdlh dk Hh ugC g,4
ek,u] og ije 'kafr] og fpR dh lekf/ n'k] og l®; dk }kj fdlh dk Hh
ugC g,4 pkan fdlh dk Hh ugC g,] maxfy;ka ge lcds ikl gT4 maxfy;ka ge cr
kS pkan dks rks Hh pkan gekjk ugC gks tkrk g,4 maxfy;ka Nks\L nX vk,j pkan dks~~~
4 b'kjs Nks\L nX] 'çn Nks\L nX] rks esjs 'çn gkX ;k fdlh vk,j ds lc ck/kSa gT4
mudk dksB Hh ew¥; ugC g,4
blh lanHZ eX Sd izæu vk,j iwNk g, fd eT tks dg jgk gwa] ;g 'çn tky g,] bl
ls fgr gksus okyk ugC g,6 ßlk Sd izæu iwNk g,4 D;kXfd eu rks ek,u gksrk gh u
gC g,4 ysfdu dHh vxj Fks\Lk Hh iz;ksx fd;k gksrk tkuus dk rks ßlh xkr ugC
dgC tk ldrh Fh4 tc vki lksp jgs gksrs gT] rc Hh rks 'çnkX ds chp eX x,i
gksrk g, ;k ugC` t,ls eTus dgk] jke vk;k] rks jke vk,j vk;k ds chp eX [ky
h txg g, ;k ugC` tc vki eu eX lksprs gT rks 'çnkX ds chp eX fu'çn txg
gksrh g, ;k ugC` vxj chp eX [kyh txg u gks rks Sd 'çn nwljs ij p\P tkS
xk vk,j vki ikxy gks tkSaxs4 le> eX ugC vk ldsxk fd D;k gks jgk g,] D;k
ugC gks jgk g,4 ;gka brus yksx ge c,Os gT4 ge brus yksx ;gka blfyS c,O lds
fd ;gka [kyh txg g, vk,j ge fdrus gh c,O xS gkX] fGj Hh gekjs chp eX [k
yh txg i\Lh gqB g,4
rks eu eX fdruh gh 'çn c,O tkS vk,j fdrus gh fopkj] os lc [kyh eu eX
izos' ik xS gT4 ¬isl g, ogka4 mleX gh rks c,O xS6 ugC rks c,Ors dgka` vxj e
u eX ek,u u gksrk 'çn izos' dgk ls djrs` vki ;gka vk lds D;kXfd ;g Hou
[kyh g,4 vxj ;g Hou Oksl gksrk] i®Fj ls Hjk gksrk rks vki d,ls izos' djrs
` eu eX 'çn tkrs gT] bl ckr dh lwpuk g, fd eu eX ¬o;a fu'çn g,] eu [k
yh g,] eu Hjk gqvk ugC g,4 fGj 'çn fdrus gh bdØs gks tkS] gj nks 'çn ds
chp eX [kyh txg cuh gqB g,4 fopkj fdrus gh bdØs gks tkSa] chp7chp eX fu
√opkj dk baIjoy] x,i] varjky g,4 'çn ckgj ls vkS gT] ;g varjky dgka ls
vk;k` ;g [kyh txg dgka ls vk;h` ;g rks ogka g,4 rks [kyh txg] ;g Séi
Ihusl] ;g eu ds Hhrj ¬isl tks g,] vodk' tks g,] fjDr ¬Fku tks g,] ;g rks
vkidk ¬oHko g,4 vk,j fopkj vk,j 'çn tks vkS gT] ;s ¬oHko ugC gT] ;s fotk
rh; gT] ;s Gksj,u gT] ;s esgeku gT vkids4 bu esgekukX eX vxj vki Hwy tkS m
ldks] ftlds ;s esgeku gT rks x\Lc\L gks tkSxh] eqfædy gks tkSxh4 ogh gqvk g,
4 ?j eX dksB esgeku vkS vk,j /hjs7/hjs gks' rks Hwy tkS vk,j xs¬I gh ¬ej<

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
eX jg tkS] Fks\Ls fnukX eX xs¬I ekfyd gks tkS vk,j gks¬I ?j ds ckgj gks tkS]
o,lh gkyr g,] tks esgeku gT] og ekfyd gks xS gT vk,j ftlds esgeku gT] og
bu esgekukX dh Hh\L eX fcydqy gh [ks x;k g,6 mldk dksB irk ugC pyrk4
blfyS vki dgrs gT fd fu'çn rks eu eX gksrk ugC] lkbyXl rks ogka gksrk ugC
4 ogka rks 'çn gh 'çn gksrs gT4 rks eT tks ;g dg jgk gwa] 'wü; gks tkS] 'kar g
ks tkS] ¬ora_ gks tkS] 'çn ls eqDr gks tkS] ;g d,ls gks ldsxk` ;g fcydqy
gks ldsxk4 ;gh gekjk ¬oHko g,] ;gh gekjk fulxZ g,4 vk,j D;kX eT ;g dg jgk
gwa fd fu'çn gks tkS` fuA'çn gksdj gh ge izÎfr ds fudI gkXxs4 vk,j izkÎfr
d ds izÎfr fudI gks tkuk ijek®ek ds fudI gks tkuk g,4 tks gekjk ¬oHko g,]
tks gekjk SlXfl;y uspj g,] tks fotkrh; ugC g,] tks ckgj ls vk;k ugC g,]
mldks [kst ysuk g,3ml SlXfl;y dks] ml lkjHwr dks] tks izkekf<d Wi ls ge
kjk ¬oHko g,4 vxj ge vius bl ¬oHko dks [kst ldX rks ge l®; dks [kst yX
xs] D;kXfd ¬oHko gh] ¬oWi gh l®; g,4 ogh g, ijek®ek4 ogh g, ijek®ek dk
eafnj4 ;g tks fuA'çn dk tks eT dg jgk gwa] ek,u gksus dk] 'kar gksus dk] ÷;ku
dk] lk/uk dk] 'wü; gksus dk] ;g vlaHo ugC g,4 izfr{< gekjs Hhrj fuA'çn
Hh ek,twn g, ysfdu ge 'çn eX my> xS gT] blfyS mldk [;ky ugC vkrk4
vxj ÷;ku ml rjG ys tkSaxs4 rks cjkcj ds uhps fuA'çn] ok<h ds uhps ek,u]
÷ofu ds uhps 'wü;] lkmaL ds uhps lkbyXl vuqHo eX vkSxh4
Sd igk\L ds fdukjs tkS] vkokt djX3eT ;gka cksy jgk gwa] pqi gks tkMa] Fks\Lh
nsj vkokt xwatsxh vk,j lUkIk Nk tkSxk4 tc vkokt ugC Fh] rc Hh lUkIk
Fk] Fks\Lh nsj ckn vkokt ugC gks tkSxh] lUkIk gks tkSxk4 lUkIk 'kæor g,]
vkokt xwatrh g, vk,j foyhu gks tkrh g,4 ÷ofu 'wü; ls gh i,nk gksrh g,] fGj ∂
e'A 'wü; eX gh foyhu gks tkrh g,4 'wü; 'kæor g,] ÷ofu lkef;d g,6 vkrh g,
vk,j pyh tkrh g,4 vkdk' eX ckny vkrs gT] f?jrs gT] fGj foyhu gks tkrs gT4
dksjk vkdk' lnk ls g,4 ckny vkrs gT vk,j pys tkrs gT4 ckny fdrus gh f?j
tkS] vkdk' fdruk dh Pad tkS rks Hh vkdk' u‘I ugC gksrk o,lk gh vkdk'
ge lc ds Hhrj g,4 mlh vkdk' dk uke vk®ek g,4 ml ij 'çn ds ckny] f
opkj ds ckn bdØs gT] vkrs gT] pys tkrs gT4 tc os f?js jgrs gT rc Hh og 'q
0] fu√odkj] 'kar] gekjs Hhrj ek,twn gT4 os gI tkrs gT rc Hh ek,twn gT4 cq0
vk,j egkohj ftls tkurs gT] jke vk,j Î‘< vk,j ∂kb¬I ftls igpkurs gT og
lcds Hhrj ek,twn g,4 og ge lcds lkF [\Lk gqvk g,4 ysfdu ge cknykX dks ns
[ jgs gT] os vkdk' dks ns[uk 'qW dj nsrs gT4 ge cknykX dks ns[rs gT os vkdk
' dks ns[uk 'qW dj nsrs gT4 ckny ds ckcr eTus ppkZ dh bu rhu fnukX eX4 og
tks vlkj g,] og tks Nk;k dk thou g,] og ckny g, vk,j tks lkjHwr g,] og
tks vk/kjHwr g,] og tks 'kæor g,] fu®; g,] og vkdk' g,4 og ok¬rfod ve1

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
r dk] thou dk] l®; dk }kj g,4 iz®;sd dh laHkouk g,] iz®;sd ds Hhrj ek,tw
n g,4
iwNk g, fd vk,j us fd vki tks ckr djrs gT] D;k ;g lcds fyS laHo gksxh` D
;k lHh yksx leku gksrs gT` D;k lHh yksxkX eX Sd ls xq<] izfrHk] IsyXI gksrh
g,`
fufæpr gh] ßlk rks fn[k;h ugC i\Lrk4 dksB ckalqjh cktrh g, rks lHh ckalqjh
ugC ctk ldrs4 dksB nk,\Lrk g, rks lHh mlds cjkcj ugC nk,\L ldrs4 dksB dqN
vk,j djrk g,] dksB o,Kkfud g,] dksB dfo g,] dksB yksgkj g,] dksB pekj g,4 l
Hh rks lc ugC gks ldrs4 fufæpr fn[k;h i\Lrk g, fd ;g rks d,ls laHo g, fd
vki tks dgrs gT] ;g lHh dks laHo gks tkS esjh le> eX vkrh g, ckr4 yksgk
j yksgkj g,] dfo dfo g,] lkfg®;dkj g,] o,Kkfud g,] ;s lc vyx7vyx gT4 l
cds xq< lcdh {erkSa] lcdh fo's"rkSa vyx gT4 ysfdu D;k vki lksprs gT]
lcdk fulxZ Hh fHU g,` D;k dqN yksx ßls gT tks fcuk æokl ds thrs gkX4 vk,j
ckdh yksx æokl ls thrs gkX` dqN yksx æokl ysrs gkX] vk,j dqN yksx æokl u
ysrs gkX` ;k dqN yksxkX dks fo's" lqfo/k feyh gks æokl dh] dqN dks u feyh g
ks` fdlh dk Ôn; /\Ldrk gks vk,j fdlh dk u /\Ldrk gks` fdlh dks pksI igqa
pkS rks ih\Lk igqaprh gks vk,j fdlh dks u igqaprh gks`
ugC] t,ls7t,ls dX– dh rjG pyXxs] ikSaxs fd lekurk izdI gksuh 'qW gks x;h
g,4 Sd [;ky ls le>s6 ge brus yksx ;gka bdØs gT4 vxj ge lcdks nk,\Lk;k t
kS rks dksB vkxs gksxk] dksB ihNs gksxk] dksB cgqr rst gksxk] dksB cgqr /hek g
ksxk] rks vki dgXxs] ;s lc leku dgka g,` ysfdu lc yksx nk,\L jgs gkX vk,j Sd
ne ls vkKk nh tkS fd Ogj tkvks] rks D;k Ogjkus eX Hh lcdh {erk vyx7
vyx gksxh` nk,\Lus eX vyx gks ldrh g,] Ogjus eX` Ogjus eX rks leku gksxh4
nk,\Lus eX cl dh {erk vyx gks ldrh g,] ysfdu Ogjus eX` Ogjus eX rks leku
gksxh4 /eZ nk,\Luk ugC g,] Ogj tkuk g,4 rks lalkj eX fHUrk gks ldrh g,] /eZ
eX fHUrk ugC gksxh4 fpR nk,\Lrk g, rks fdlh dk †;knk nk,\L ldrk g,] fdlh d
k de4 ysfdu fpR Ogj tkS rks lcdk fpR leku Wi ls Ogj ldrk g,4 fdlh
ds fpR eX cgqr 'çn gks ldrs gT] fdlh ds fpR eX Fks\Ls 'çn] ysfdu nksukX vx
j fuA'çn gks tkS] nksukX ek,u gks tkSa] nksukX eX dksB 'çn u gks rks D;k Hsn gksx
k`
ge ;gka brus yksx c,Os gT3dksB Vgnw gksxk] dksB eqlyeku] dksB fdlh d,n dk ca
nh gksxk] fdlh nwljs Vitjs dk gksxk] dksB dgC dk gksxk dksB dgC dk gksxk4 v
xj ge lkjs yksx c,Odj ;gka lksprs jgX rks dksB dqjku lkspsxk] dksB ckbfcy lks
psxk] dksB dqN lkspsxk] dksB dqN lkspsxk4 lc fHU gkXxs] vxj lkspXxs rks4 ysfd
u ge ;gka brus yksx c,Os gT] vxj lcdk lkspuk can gks vk,j lc fcuk lksps jg
tkS rks dksB fHUrk jg tkSxh` fopkj fHU gks ldrk g,] fu√opkj d,ls fHU

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
gksxk` fopkj eX fHUrk gks ldrh g,] 'çn eX fHUrk gks ldrh g,] ysfdu 'wü;
eX` 'wü; eX dksB fHUrk ugC gksxh4 'wü; gh vdsyk vfHU g,] vHsn g,] v},r
g,3vdsyk 'wü;4 vdsyk 'wü; gh cz‰ g,4 ogC ge leku g,] vk,j Sd fulxZ ds
djhc gT4 Sd dX– ij igqap xS gT4 fGj ;g lcdh {erk g,3nfj– dh] /uh dh
] Hw[s dh] î;kls dh] egy eX jgus okys dh] l\Ld ij lksus okys dh4 ;g ek,u
gksus dh {erk iz®;sd ds ikl g,4 vFZ ;g fd ijek®ek dks ikus eX u rks dksB Is
yXIsL g,] u rks dksB fo's" Wi ls xq<h g,] u dksB fo's" Wi ls voxq<h g,4 vxj
ijek®ek dks ikus dk [;ky gks] Ogj tkus dk] Qd tkus dk] eu ds ek,u gks
tkus dk] pqi gks tkus dk] 'kar gks tkus dk rks iz®;sd ø;fDr ds fyS Sd lh gh
{erk g,3Sd lh gh4 vk,j bls gj ø;fDr ik Hh ldrk g,4 ;g Hh Sd izæu iw
Nk g, fd vki tks dgrs gT] ;s ckrX dqN Fks\Ls ls yksxkX ds fyS Ohd gkXxh] lcds
fyS rks drB Ohd ugC gT4
ges'k ls gekjs eu eX ßlk jgk g,3Dyklsl cukus dk [;ky] oxX cukus dk [;k
y4 dqN vehj gT] dqN xjhc g,] dqN cqf0eku gT] dqN ew[Z gT4 euq‘; dks Sd l
kF ysus dh gekjh n1f‘I ugC jgh4 cgqr fnu ds oxZ7foHktu ds dkj<] cgqr fn
u Dyklsl jgus ds dkj< gj pht eX] ijek®ek ds txr eX Hh gekjs eX Dyklsl
gT4 ogka Hh dksB Mij gT] pwtsu] ©;w] xqQ] rhFΩdj vorkj6 fGj muls NksIs] m
uls NksIs f'‘; NksIs ew\Ps ij c,Os gT] fGj muls uhps tehu ij c,Os yksx gT] fGj
GksFZ Dykl Hh g,] lc oxZ g,4 ijek®ek ds txr eX dksB oxZ ugC g,4 lc oxZ e
uq‘; dh df¥ir Btkn g,4 euq‘; ds 'ks"< ds lkjs ds lkjs vk/kj vk,j Pax gT4 '
kar gksus eX dksB oxZ ugC g,4 dksB Hh 'kar gks ldrk g,4 iz®;sd dh laink g,4 lk
/kj< ls lk/kj< tu] ftls nqfu;k lk/kj< dgrh gks~~~i,nk u gksxk] inoh u gks
xh] f'{k u gksxh] l√IfGdsI u gkXxs] lk/kj< gT4 i,lk gksxk] inoh gksxh] l√If
GdsI gksxk] vlk/kj< gT] fo's" gT4 ;g gekjs vgadkj us lkjs foHktu fdS gT4
euq‘; g,4 vk,j lc txg Dyklsl cukbSxk4 Îik dfjS] de ls de ijek®ek
ds txr eX dksB Dyklsl er cukSxk4 ogka dksB Dyklsl] dksB oxZ ugC g,4
;g oxZfoghu] ek,u] 'kafr vk,j l®; dk txr g,] esjh n1f‘I eX ø;fDr vf/dkjh
g,3pkgs og yax\Lk gks] pkgs ywyk gks] pkgs chekj gks pkgs ¬o¬F gks] dksB Hh gks4
Sd ckj vxj og lé;dWis<] ¬o;a dh lRk ds izfr txuk 'qW gks] dw\Ls7djd
I dks vyx djuk 'qW djs rks fufæpr gh dksB Hh dkj< ugC g,] dksB Hh dkj
< ugC g, fd og ogka u igqap tkS tgka ge ¬oWirkA lkjs yksx gT4 eT dksB ;g
Hsn ugC djrk4 ;s lc Hsn 'ks"< dh rjdhcX gT4
izæu dk eryc ;g g, fd vki dqN Fks\Ls ls yksxkX ls dgX] ysfdu ckdh yksxkX dks
rks eafnj tkus nX4 ckdh yksxkX dks rks iwtk djus nX] ckdh yksxkX dks rks ekyk Gs
jus nX] ckdh yksxkX dks rks l®;ukjk;< dh dFk djus nX4 dqN Fks\Ls ls yksxkX ls
vki dgX] ;g ckdh yksxkX dks rks ijs'ku u djX4 ;s rks lkekü; tu gT gkykafd

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
eq>s eq¥d eX b/j yk[kX yksxkX ls feyus dk ek,dk vk;k4 eT [kstrk gwa fd dk,u
vkneh lkekü; g,4 vHh rd eq>s feyk ugC6 D;kXfd tks feyrk g,] og vius dks
rks le>rk g,] 's" dks lkekü; le>rk g,4 rks eT lkekü; vkneh dks [kstrk ?w
erk gwa4 vHh rd eq>s n'Zu Hh ugC gqS4 dc gkXxs] dguk dfOu g,4 vly eX d
ksB lkekü; g, gh ugC] blfyS feyuk cgqr dfOu g,4 vHh vius dks fo's" le
>rs gT4 nwljkX ij n;k djds os dgrs gT] bu ij tjk Îik djX] bu cspkjkX dks
ogC iqjkus jk¬rs ij pyus nX4 ge rks le> xS] ysfdu budk D;k gksxk` vHh
rd Sd Hh vkneh eq>s ßlk ugC feyk tks ;g dgs fd esjk D;k gksxk` og rks
[qn pwtsu ©;w eX ls g,4 og rks pqus gqS dqN pqVunk yksxkX eX ls g,] ckdh lk/kj
< yksxkX dh c\Lh eqlhcr g,4 vki fGdj Nks\L nX] dksB vkneh lk/kj< ugC g,4
gj æokl ds Hhrj ijek®ek g, rks dksB vkneh lk/kj< d,ls gks tkSxk` gj iRs
eX ijek®ek g, rks dksB irk lk/kj< d,ls gks tkSxk` gj i®Fj eX ogh g, rks
dksB i®Fj lk/kj< d,ls gks tkSxk` D;k vki dsoy bl dkj< ls~~~fd Sd NksI
k7lk dad\L i\Lk g,] ftl yksx twrkX ls OqdjkS pys tkrs gT] D;kXfd mldk dksB
ew¥; ugC g, tk,gjh ds cktkj eX4 vk,j Sd nwljk i®Fj g, ftls yksx eqdqI ij y
xkrs gT vk,j yk[kX QiS [pZ djrs gT4 rks vki lksprs gT eqdqI eX yxk gqvk i®F
j vlk/kj< g,] l\Ld ij i\Lk gqvk] }kj ij twrs dh Oksdj [krk i®Fj vlk/k
j< g,4 ysfdu dHh vkius lkspk g,] ;g lk/kj< vk,j vlk/kj< dk Hsn g,] vx
j nqfu;k eX dksB euq‘; u gks` nksukX i®Fj leku g,3ghjk Hh] dad\L Hh4 ;g e
uq‘; dk Hsn g,4 ;g dksfguwj vk,j l\Ld ij i\Lk gqvk i®Fj euq‘; dk Gklyk g,
4 izÎfr eX dksB Gkaluk ugC g,] nksukX i®Fj gT] nksukX leku gT4
Sd nj“r dks ge c\Lk dgrs gT] Sd dks NksIk4 euq‘; dks gIk nX] lc nj“r l
eku gT3NksIk Hh] c\Lk Hh4 Sd Gwy dks ge lqanj dgrs gT] Sd Gwy dks lqanj u
gC dgrs4 euq‘; dks gIk nX4 nksukX Gwy gT4 u dksB lqanj g,] u dksB vlqanj g,4 lk
js foHktu euq‘; dh cqf0 ls i,nk gksrs gT] fopkj ls i,nk gksrs gT lkjs foHktu4
euq‘; dks gIk nX] nqfu;k cl g,6 ogka dksB foHktu ugC g,4 ogka vifo_ ufn;ka
ugC gT] ogka vifo_ xaxk ugC gT4 ogka ikuh g,] cl ikuh4 ogka ifo_ ioZr ugC
g,] ogka vifo_ ioZr ugC g,4 ogka dksB Hwfe rhFZ ugC g,] ogka dksB Hwfe vifo
_ ugC g,4 ogka dksB Vgnq¬rku ugC g, ogka dksB ikfd¬rku ugC g,4 ogka dksB dkys
vk,j xk,j ds Gklys ugC gT] ogka t¬I SfDt¬IXl g,4 euq‘; dks tjk gIkdj ns[X]
izÎfr eX lc g,] vk,j dksB Gklyk ugC g,4 dksB uhps ugC g,] dksB Mij ugC g,
4 lc foHktu euq‘; ds eu dk g,4 mldh vgark ds dkj< lkjh d,Isxzht gT4
eTus lquk g,] Sd vkneh eft¬I≠sI Fk4 dqN >Ddh jgk gksxk] t,ls vkerk,j ls lH
h yksx gksrs gT4 og viuh vnkyr eX dksB dqlñ ugC j[rk Fk] vdsys gh c,Ork
Fk4 tc dksB vkrk Fk rks mldh g,fl;r ls dqlñ mlds ikl dB FC] dB uacj
dh FC] Sd ls ysdj lkr uacj dh FC] Sd ls ysdj lkr uacj rd dh4 og ih

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
Ns ds dejs eX j[h gksrh FC4 pijklh ls og dgrk] uacj Sd ys vkvks rks pij
klh uacj Sd ys vkrk4 uacj Sd NksIk7lk ¬Iwy Fk4 ns[ ysrk vkneh dh g,fl;
r d,lh g,4 vxj g,fl;r fcydqy gh u gksrh rks dqlñ dh dksB tWjr u i\Lrh]
fcuk uacj ds gh dke pykuk i\Lrk Fk4 tjk g,fl;r gksrh] dqN [krk7ihrk]
e÷;oxñ; vkneh gksrk rks og dgrk] uacj Sd ys vkvks4 dqN vk,j tjk di\Ls7
yRkX ij dyG gksrk] lGsnh gksrh] og dgrk] uacj nks ys vkvks4 dqN vk,j tjk
vka[kX eX jk,ud gksrh] jh\P tjk gksrh] twrs ij tjk ikfy' gksrh] og dgrk uac
j rhu ys vkvks4 ßlk uacj pyrk Fk4 vkneh ds pyus vk,j ?qlus ls igpku tk
rk Fk fd fdl uacj dh dqlñ okyk vkneh g,4
Sd fnu ßlk gqvk] Sd fcydqy gh nfj–] Sd cw\Pk lk yd\Lh Isdrk gqvk vkn
eh vk;k4 pæek Hh Fk rks j¬lh ca/h Fh4 og vanj ?qlk] ns[k fd fcu uacj dk
vkneh g,4 Fks\Lh nsj ßls gh jgk4 iwNk]dk,u gks` rks mlus dgk] eT Gyka7Gyka x
kao dk jgus okyk gwa4 eky7xqtkj gwa4 og Sdne pkTdk fd Hwy gks x;h] Mij ok
yk vkneh g,4 mlus t¥nh ls dgk fd uacj Sd ys vkvks4 pijklh Hhrj ls ysd
j tc rd yk,Irk Fk] rc rd ml vkneh us cw\Pk vkneh Fk] /hjs7/hjs [kalrk
Fk] cksyk fd jk;cgknqj gwa] og ogC ls fp¥yk;k fd Ogj] uacj nks ykuk4 fGj
og j[us x;k] nks ysus x;k4 rc rc mlus crk;k fd eTus okj GaL eX iπphl
gtkj QiS nku fnS gT] mlus dgk fd uacj rhu yk4 og cw\Pk cksyk] Sd yk[
vk,j nsus dk fopkj g,4 mlus dgk] HkB Ogj3vHh cw\Pk [\Lk gh g, vk,j uacj dh
cnyh gksrh tkrh g, rks uacj pkj yk4 ml cw\Ps us dgk] D;kX fGtwy ijs'ku dj
jgs gT` vki vkf[jh uacj cqykok yX] D;kXfd yk[ nsus dk fopkj g,] ysfdu esj
k cπpk7cπpk dksB Hh ugC] c\Lh tk;nkn g,] vkf[j D;k dWaxk` lksprk gwa] lj
dkj dks gh ns nwa4 mlus dgk] vkf[jh uacj cqyok yX] ø;FZ D;kX ijs'ku dj jgs
gT` eT cw\Pk vkneh gwa] eT dc rd [\Lk jgwa`
;g gekjk ikxyiu g, ;k cqf0` ßls ge d,Isxzht cukS gqS gT] oxZ cukS gqS gT
4 ;g gekjk vgadkj g,] ftlus ;g lc i,nk fd;k ijek®ek ds txr eX uacj S
d ls uacj lkr rd dh dksB dq√l;ka ugC g,4 vk,j vxj ogka Hh gkX rks ßls ije
k®ek dh g®;k djuh i\Lsxh4 ßls ijek®ek dks Vtnk ugC jgus fn;k tk ldrk4
vxj ßlk dksB eks{ gks tgka fd ;s dq√l;ka gkX rks eks{ eX vkx yxk nsuh i\Lsxh4
ßls eks{ dks cnkZær ugC fd;k tk ldrk4 ßlk ijek®ek vk,j ßlk eks{ blh
oxZ7foHkftr eu dh d¥iuk g,4 ;gh tks gekjk ekbaL g,] ;g tks uacj Sd ls ua
cj lkr rd lksprk g,4 ;g blh dh d¥iuk g,] vxj ßlk dksB eks{ vk,j ßlk
dksB ijek®ek gks4 ugC] ogka lc leku gT4 ogka Sd vnHqr lekurk g,4 pkgs iz
Îfr dks ns[X] ogC fn[kB i\L tkSxk4 ogka Sd vnHqr lekurk g,4 ogka Sd v
nHqr ø;kfîr g,4 ogka Sd vnHqr lUkIk vk,j Sd vnHqr lké; g,4 ogka dksB fo
Hktu ugC g,4 ysfdu ge foHktu djrs gT4 foHktu djus okyk eu g,4 tgka e

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
u ugC g,] ogka foHktu lekîr gks tkrs gT4 Fks\Lk eu ls nwj gIdj ns[X rks vki
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h eX ogh Sd lRk vfHø;Dr gksuh fn[k;h i\Lsxh3og Sd gh4 dksB Hsn ugC g,
ogka4 Hsn euq‘;Îr g,] vHsn ijek®ek dk g,] Hsn izÎfr dk g,4
blfyS eq>s dqN fn[k;h ugC i\Lrk fd dksB lkekü;tu g,] lkekü; dk uke ys
dj 'ks"< tkjh j[us dh dksf'' u djX4 lkekü; dk cgqr 'ks"< gks pqdk] cgq
r 'ks"< gks pqdk3tkjh g, tkjh g,4 jgsxk] ßlk ekywe i\Lrk g,6 D;kXfd ge Nks\L
us dk lkgl djus eX leFZ ugC ekywe gksrs gT4 eq>s dksB Hsn ugC fn[k;h i\Lrk4
dksB Hsn g, ugC4 vk,j tgka7tgka Hsn g, ogC7ogC eu g,4 rks eT rks eu dks Nks\L
us dks dg jgk gwa4 Hsn dk txr gh Nks\Lus dks dg jgk gwa4 Hsn dk txr gh eu
g,4 eT rks eu dks gh Nks\Lus dks dg jgk gwa4 ogC rks ge ijek®ek eX izos' djXxs
4 ogka Hsn d,ls ys tkSaxs` ogka vkidh jk‘I≠h; js[kSa] lekt dh js[kSa] vk,j tk
fr vk,j mikf/ dh js[kSa d,ls ys tkSaxs` ogka dksB jk¬rk ugC g,] lkjs Hsn ;gh
Nks\L nsus i\LXxs4
rks ;g cgkuk u [kstX] ;g cgkuk Ohd ugC g,4 bl laca/ eX vk,j Hh cgqr7ls iz
æu gT] ij eT le>rk gwa] blls muds laca/ eX vkidks [;ky gksxk4 vkt dk izpf
yr /eZ] mleX dqN nks"kX ds gksrs gqS Hh lekt ds fyS mi;ksxh lkfcr gqvk g,4
blh /eZ7ø;o¬Fk ds dkj< ri] iki] iq≤; dh d¥iuk ds dkj< yksxkX us v¬irk
y] ¬dwy] vukFx1g vkfn eX dqN nku fn;k g,4 ;g rks ckr Ohd g,] ;kuh eryc
;g gqvk fd yksxkX dks /ks[k ns jgs gT4 iki vk,j iq≤; ds uke ij muls nku fe
y jgk g,4 rks dgk g,] eT rks nku ox,jg dh dksB ckr ugC djrk] rks c\Lh eqfæ
dy gks tkSxh4
igyh rks ckr ;g g, fd /eZ dk ewyrA dksB laca/ lekt ls ugC gksrk4 /eZ v®
;ar o,;fDr ?Iuk g,4 /eZ dk lewg vk,j lekt ls dksB laca/ ugC gkrk4 t,ls gh
/eZ lkekftd curk g,] o,ls gh /eZ u jgdj laiznk; gks tkrk g,4 t,ls gh lewg
curk g,] la¬Fk curh g,] vkx∆ukbts'u curk g,] o,ls gh /eZ rks foyhu gks tk
rk g,] jktuhfr 'qW gks tkrh g,4 jktuhfr dk laca/ lekt ls g, vk,j /eZ dk la
ca/ ø;fDr ls g,4 brus ;s tks /eZ fn[k;h i\Lrs gT] ;s dksB Hh /eZ ugC gT] /eZ
ds uke ij >wOs laxOu gT] vkx∆ukbts'u gT4 vk,j ;gh dkj< g, fd uke rks /eZ
dk g, ysfdu dke lc jktuhfr ds gT4 nks gtkj] rhu gtkj o"Z dk bfrgkl D;
k g,` D;k ;g /k√ed] jktuhfrKkX ds mi–o dk bfrgkl ugC g,` ;s /eZ ds uk
e ij laxOu7/eZ dk Hh 'ks"< g, vk,j yksd7tu dk Hh 'ks"< g,4 /eZ dk dksB
laxOu gks gh d,ls ldrk g,` /eZ rks o,;fDrd ?Iuk g,4 esjs vk,j ijek®ek ds
chp] esjs vk,j ije l®; ds chp esjk vk,j vkidk /eZ eX dgka laca/ vkrk g,`
vxj dksB laca/ Hh vkrk g, vkils esjk rks og ijek®ek ds }kjk vkrk g,4 vki
ls esjk dksB lh/k laca/ ugC vkrk4 /eZ lkewfgd laca/ ugC g,] /eZ o,;fDrd izk

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
< dk lef‘Ixr izk< ls laca/ g,4 og fuosnu ø;fDr dk lef‘I ls g,] ø;fDr ls
ugC4
vxj dksB dke djuk gks rks lewg dh tWjr g,4 ysfdu vxj foJke djuk gks
rks` ogka Hh laxOu cukbSxk` laxOu dh ogka dk,u lh tWjr g,` vk,j laxOu
gksxk] n©rj gksxk] dke7/ke pysxk] rks uCn u vkus nXxs] foJke u djus nXxs]
os yksx4 vkidks dksB >x\Lk >kalk [\Lk djuk gks rks laxOu dh tWjr g,] D;kXf
d fcuk laxOu ds 'fDr ugC vkrh4 Vglk ds fyS laxOu dh tWjr g,] ysfdu
vVglk ds fyS laxOu dh dk,u7lh tWjr g,` izse ds fyS laxOu dh dk,u7lh t
Wjr g,` blfyS tc Hh dksB pht laxfOr gksrh g, rks ?1<k ds vk/kj ij gksrh
g,4
eT vHh ihNs jkt/kuh eX Fk4 mu fnukX Hkjr vk,j ikd ds chp ukle>h pyrh
Fh4 rks eq>s yksxkX us dgk] ;g rks c\Lk fgrdj g,4 eq¥d laxfOr gks x;k4 tWj
gh vxj ikd ls ;k phu ls dksB >x\Lk pys rks eq¥d laxfOr gks tkSxk D;kXfd
?1<k laxOu ls vkrh g,4 ?1<k dh 'fDr laxOu djok nsrh g,4 ysfdu dHh izse
ds laxOu ns[s gT` ?1<k ds laxOu nqfu;k eX gT] tks jk‘I≠ gT] us'al gT] ;s lc ?1<k
ds laxOu gT4 nwljs dk Lj] nwljs ls ?1<k laxOu [\Lk fdS gqS gT] Gk,tX [\Ls fd
S gqS gT] SIe ce cuk jgs gT4 ;s lc ?1<k ds laxOu gT blfyS bu ?1<kvkX ls
Vglk gksrh g,] Vglk ls ;q0 i,nk gksrk g,4 lc laxOu ;q0 ykrs gT var eX4 lc la
xOu dyg vk,j >x\Lk vk,j ;q0 ykrs gT4 lc laxOu Vglk ykrs gT4 /eZ dk laxO
u d,ls gksxk`
vxj ge ÷;ku djus c,Os gkX] izkFZuk djus c,Os gkX] ek,u gksus c,Os gks rks laxOu d
gka g,` vxj ge brus yksx Hh vHh ÷;ku djus c,Os rks t,ls7t,ls ÷;ku xgjk gks
xk] eu ek,u gksxk] ckdh yksx feIrs tkSaxs4 Fks\Lh nsj eX vki vdsys jg tkSaxs4
;gka brus yksx c,Os gT] gtkj yksx gkXxs] vxj ge lkjs yksx vka[ can djds 'ka
r gks tkS] Fks\Lh nsj eX vki ikSaxs] vki vdsys gT] ckdh uk, lk, fuü;kucs ;gka gT
gh ugC4 gj vkneh ;gC ikSxk fd vdsyk g,4 /eZ rks vdsys dk vdsys eX izos'
g,4 S ©ykbI vkG nh vyksu Iq nh vyksu4 og rks vdsys ls vdsys dh rjG m\
Lku g,4 ogka dk,u lh Hh\L dk,u7lk laxOu g,` blfyS vki ftl eafnj eX Hh\L
bdØh gks tkrh g, ogka tkrs gT4 rks eT ekurk gwa fd vki /eZ eX Fks\Lh tk jgs gT]
dksB lkewfgd tylk g,] ogka tk jgs gT4 /eZ eT tkus ds fyS rks vdsys eX izos'
djuk gksxk4
Sd SdgkIZ uke dk Gdhj Fk teZuh eX4 Sd igk\L dh NksIh7lh >k\Lh ds ikl
c,Ok gqvk Fk4 mlds fe_ vkS Fs] xkao ls fidfud djus vkS Fs] mügkXus ns[k S
dgkIZ vdsyk g,4 og xS4 lkspk fd pyks daiuh nX] lkF nX] cspkjk vdsys c,Os7c,
Os ?cjk x;k gksxk4 lkjs yksx vdsys c,Os7c,Os ?cjk xS gT blfyS rks lkjh nqfu;
k eX Sd7nwljs dks lkF nsus dh dksf'' py jgh g,] Sd7nwljs ds lkF gksus dh d

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
ksf'' py jgh g,4 lc vkneh vdsys7vdsys eX ?c\Lk xS gT4 ;g vdsyk c,Ok g,]
?c\Lk x;k gksxk4 os xS] mügkXus mldh ihO fgyk;h4 og vkneh vka[ can fdS
ek,u Fk4 mügkXus dgk] fn[rk g,] ?c\Lk x;k c,Os7c,Os] bruk †;knk fd lks x;k4 f
gyk;k] SdgkIZ us vka[ [ksyh] iwNk D;k ckr g,` mügkXus dgk] lkspk] vkS gT]
rqe vdsys c,Os gks] Mc xS gkX] pyks rqégX lkF nX4 SdgkIZ cksyk fd eqfædy gks
x;h] bruh nsj rd ge vius lkF Fs] rqeus vkdj fGj x\Lc\L dj nh4 SdgkIZ
us dgk] bruh nsj rd ge vius lkF Fs] rqeus vkdj fGj vdsyk dj fn;k4
vki Îik djks] viuh daiuh dks dgC vk,j ys tkvks4 bruh nsj ge vius lkF Fs
4 vk,j tc vki vius lkF gksrs gT rHh vki ijek®ek ds lkF gksus dh {erk m
iyç/ djrs gT4
/eZ ¬o;a ds lkF gksuk g,4 ysfdu bldk ;g vFZ ugC g, fd /eZ ds lkewfgd ifj
<ke u gkXxs4 /eZ lkewfgd ?Iuk ugC g,] ysfdu /eZ ds lkewfgd ifj<ke gkXxs4
vxj Sd ø;fDr 'kar gks tkS] ijek®ek ds izdk' ls Hj tkS rks mldk thou
vk,j mldk vkpj< lc ifjo√rr gks tkSaxs4 vkpj< dk laca/ nwljkX ls g,4 bl
fyS mlds vkpj< ls nwljs Hh izHkfor gkXxs] vkd√"r gkXxs] vkd√"r gkXxs4 nwl
jkX ds thou eX Hh vkuan dh >yd vk,j izse dh >yd igqapsxh4 /eZ dk dksB la
ca/ nwljs ls ugC g,4 ysfdu /eZ ds }kjk tks vkpj< i,nk gksrk g,] og lkewfgd
?Iuk g,4 /eZ o,;fDrd g,] /eZ dk dX– o,;fDrd g,] /eZ dh vk®ek o,;fDrd g,4
mldk izHko] mldk vkpj<3og lkewfgd g,] lkoZtfud g,4 ysfdu /eZ lkewfg
d ?Iuk ugC g,4 vk,j tc Hh /eZ lkewfgd ?Iuk cukus dh dksf'' pyrh g,]
rHh /eZ rks ej tkrk g,] yk' gkF ex jg tkrh g,] Vgnw] eqlyeku] t,u] Blk
B ;s /eZ ds ejs gqS 'jhj gT4 /eZ rks o,;fDrd g,4 egkohj dks gksrk gksxk] cq0
dks gksrk gksxk] ∂kb¬I dks gksrk gksxk4 ysfdu fGj ge muds vklikl tks laxO
u [\Lk djrs gT] cl ogh laxOu lc izk< ys ysrk g,4
rks eq>s fn[k;h ugC i\Lrk fd /eZ lkewfgd gksus ls dksB fgr gqvk g,4 vfgr gq
vk g,] vfgr gks jgk g,4 og o,;fDrd g,] o,;fDrd MtkZ g,4 vk,j dHh ns[X] tks
Hh Js‘O g, thou eX] pkgs l®;] pkgs lkTn;Z] pkgs izse] lc o,;fDrd ?Iuk g,4
dHh lewg us l®; dks tüe fn;k g,` dHh lewg us lkTn;Z dks vuqHo fd;k g,`
dHh lewg us izse fd;k g,` thou eX tks Js‘Ore g, og ø;fDr dh futrk eX] v
dsys eX] mldh yksuyhusl eX] mlds Sdkar eX Gfyr vk,j iqf‘ir gksrk g,4 tks Hh
Js‘O g,] tks Hh Js‘O gqvk g, dHh] og lc ø;fDr dh futrk eX] vdsysiu eX m
ldh viuh psruk ds Hhrj iqf‘ir vk,j i¥yfor gksrk g,4 Hh\L eX] Hh\L ds uke
ij dksB vπNs dkekX dk ys[k7tks[k ugC g,4 lekt ds uke ij lkjs vijk/ fyS
] gqS gT4 lekt] Hh\L3og tks ∂kmL g,] ogh lkjs mi–o dh t\L g,4 /eZ lkewfg
d lk/uk ugC g,] laxOu ugC g,] vkx∆ukbts'u ugC g,4 o,;fDrd vuqHwfr g, izse
t,lh4 izse ds laxOu ugC gT] rks /eZ ds d,ls gkXxs] izkFZuk ds d,ls gkXxs`

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
rks lekt dks lkewfgd /eZ ls dksB fgr ugC gqvk4 /eZ ls gqvk g,4 /eZ ls lnk
gksxk4 ftruk lewg ls /eZ eqDr gksxk] laxOu ls eqDr gksxk] mruk gh †;knk3m
ruk gh †;knk /eZ l®; gksrk g,] 'q0 gksrk g,4
fGj ;g dgk g,] nku /eZ ds uke ls yksx nsrs gT4 esjh ckrX lquXxs rks nku d,ls nX
xs`
dHh ;g Hh lkspk fd /eZ ds uke ls os 'ks"< djrs gT] vk,j fGj /eZ ds gh
uke ls nku nsrs gT4 vthc csBekuh g,] vthc /ks[k4 /uifr dgrk g,] esjs fiN
ys tüekX ds dek˜ dk Gy g, fd bruk /u esjs ikl g,4 rqe nfj– gks] fiNys tü
ekX dk iki rqégkjs ihNs g,4
Se~ Sl~ dkyst iwuk] fnukad ¡™ twu] ¡ª§§] lqcg
¬ora_rk] ljyrk] 'wü;rk
dy nks fnukX eX Fks\Lh ckrX eTus vkils dh gT4 igys fnu3euq‘; dk thou vlkj
eX] ¬oîu eX Nk;k eX u‘I gks ldrk g,6 vf/d yksxkX dk u‘I gks tkrk g,4 ml la
ca/ eX Fks\Ls ls fopkj vkils dgs Fs4 nwljs fnu3dk,u7lk thou Nk;k dk vk,j v
lkj thou g,] okluk dk] r1‘<k dk] dqN gksus dh nk,\L dk] mlds laca/ eX] ml
vk/kj ds laca/ eX geus lkspk4 vkt eT vkils dguk pkgwaxk] fdl ekxZ ls] fdl
∂kafr ls vlkj thou dh rjG nk,\Lrh gqB gekjh psruk /kjk lkFZd] l®; vk,j
lkjh dh vksj müeq[ gks ldrh g,4 blds igys fd eT mldh ppkZ dWa] Sd Nks
Ih7lh dgkuh vkils dguk pkgwaxk4
Sd jktk o10 gks x;k Fk4 mldh e1®;q djhc vk x;h4 yxk dqN gh fnu dk vk,
j esgeku g,4 nks mlds iq_ Fs4 fopkj eX i\Lk] fdldks jk†; dk Hkj ns tkMa` n
ksukX tq\Loka Fs] dksB NksIk7c\Lk u Fk4 dksB c\Lk7NksIk gksrk rks fuiIkjk dfOu u
Fk4 nksukX gh cjkcj Fs] nksukX gh dq'y Fs] nksukX gh ;ks≈; Fs] nksukX gh izfrHk'k
yh Fs] fu<Z; cgqr dfOu Fk4 d,ls fu<Z; djX] fd ij ftéek Nks\L ns] dk,u var
rA lkFZd fl0 gksxk` rks xkao eX] xkao ds ckgj >ksi\Ls eX Sd Gdhj jgrk Fk4
tc xkao eX eqfædy eX dksB i\Lrk rks mlls iwNus tkrs Fs4 jktk Hh x;k4 mlus
tkdj mlh Gdhj dks iwNk] ßlh7ßlh my>u g,] D;k dWa` ml Gdhj us dgk]
Sd dke djks4 vius nksukX y\LdkX dks Fks\Ls7Fks\Ls QiS ns nks4 nksukX y\LdkX dks] nks
ukX ds] nksukX jktdqekjkX ds vius egy Fs4 vk,j nksukX ls dguk fd bu Fks\Ls ls Qi
;kX eX dqN ßlh pht ykvks fd iqjk egy Hj tkS] iqjk egy Hj tkS4 cgqr F
ks\Ls QiS fnS vk,j dgk fd iwjk egy Hj tkS] ßlh dqN phtX ykvks4
vc vkils gh dksB dgrk] eq>ls gh dksB dgrk rks ge D;k djrs` iwjk egy
Hj tkS] c\Ls egy Fs4 cgqr Vprk i,nk gqB4 c\Ls y\Lds us] igys7igys us] lksp f
opkj ds r; dj fy;k4 og dqN phtX ys vk;k vk,j lkjs egy dks Hj fn;k4 Q
iS Fs Fks\Ls egy Fk c\Lk flok; dw\Lk7djdI ds vk,j dqN Hh yk;k ugC tk ld
rk Fk4 rks xkao ds ckgj ls mlus xkf\L;kX eX tgka dpjk Fk] og Pqyok;k4 QiS

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
rks dpjk Pksus eX yx xS4 dpjk rks eqDr feyrk g,4 ¬ej< j[X] dpjk eqDr f
eyrk g,] flGZ Pksus eX 'fDr ø;; gksrh g,4 og x;k] mlus xkao ls] ckgj ls] ft
l dpjs dks yksx ckgj GXd vkS Fs vk,j ckgj GXdus eX i,ls [pZ fdS Fs] mlh
dpjs dks og i,lk [pZ djds okil egy eX ys vk;k4 lkjs ?j eX dw\Lk7ddZI H
j fn;k4 vk,j dksB jk¬rk u Fk4 i,ls Fs de] egy Fk c\Lk Hjuk Fk iwjk4 flok
; dw\Ls7ddZI ds vk,j Hjus dk dksB ekxZ ugC Fk4 nwj7nwj rd nqxΩ/ G,yus yxh4
ijh{k dk fnu fudI vkSxk rc rd og dpjs dks Hjrk x;k] Hjrk x;k4 te
hu ls ysdj Nîij rd mlus lkjs egy dks dpjs ls Hj fn;k4 fGj Hh i,ls Fks\Ls
i\L xS] D;kXfd dpjk Pksuk Hh dksB vklku ckr rks ugC g,4 fGj nqxΩ/ ls og
[qn Hh ?c\Lk x;k4 ysfdu ijh{k ds fnu rd rks de ls de nqxΩ/ lguh gh Fh
4
nwljk y\Ldk Hh Vpfrr Fk] fopkj eX Fk4 ijh{k dk fnu djhc vkus yxk] ysf
du mldk egy lwuk Fk4 og dksB fu<Z; u ys ik;k4 mlus cgqr lkspk] fd eT
Hh dpjk Hj nwa] ysfdu mlus dgk] dpjs ls Hh Hjuk dksB Hjuk g,` blls rks
[kyh jguk csgrj g,4 vk,j dpjs ls Hjuk] vxj Hj ds thr Hh x;k vk,j jk†
; Hh fey x;k rks Hh D;k djXxs` mlls rks gkj tkuk csgrj vk,j [kyh jg tk
uk csgrj g,4 dpjs dks Hjdj thr tkus eX Hh dksB lkj ugC g,4 dpjk Hjdj
gkj tkus eX Hh lkjs g,] ßls mls yxk4 cgqr Vprk eX Fk4 og Hh [kstrk7Pwa\Prk
ml Gdhj ds ikl x;k ftlus ;g lykg nh Fh4 lqcg dk oDr Fk] mlus tkdj
Gdhj dks iwNk] eT D;k dWa` cgqr my>u eX gwa4 iwjk Hou Hjuk g,] i,ls cgqr
Fks\Ls gT4
Gdhj us dgk] eq>ls D;k iwNrs gks` ckgj tkvks] vka[ [ksydj ns[ks] jk¬rk fe
y tkSxk4 nqfu;k eX tks tkurs jgs gT] mügkXus lHh us ;gh dgk g,] vka[ [ksydj
ns[ks] jk¬r fey tkSxk4 og ckgj vk;k] mlus vka[ [ksydj ns[k] jk¬rk fey
x;k] okil yk,Ik] lka> dks ijh{k dh ?\Lh vk x;h] rc rd mldk egy [k
yh Fk4 vekol dh jkr mrj vk;h4 egy [kyh Fk4
jktk] jktk ds ea_h fu<kZ;d lc vkS4 Sd ?j eX rks bruk dpjk] bruh xa/
Fh fd fu<kZ;d Hhrj Hh guC tk lds4 mügkXus dgk] eku fy;k fd Hj x;k g,]
ysfdu Hhrj dk,u tkS` os lc Vpfrr Fs] nwljk egy [kyh Fk vHh Hh] vc
}kj can Fs4 igyk jktdqekj Hh g,jku Fk fd nwljs jktdqekj us D;k fd;k` D
;k og izfr;ksfxrk ls gI x;k` D;k mlus izfr¬i/kZ Nks\L nh` D;k jk†; ysus dk
mldk [;ky ugC jgk` D;k mlus gkj ¬ohdkj dj yh` D;kXfd u rks dksB lk
eku ykrk gqvk ns[k x;k] u dksB c,yxkf\L;ka vk;C] u dksB etwj vkS] u dksB
Hhrj vk;k] u dksB ckgj x;k4 fGj lkjs fu<kZ;d vk,j jktk mlds }kj ij igqa
ps4 }kj [ksys xS] jktk Hh g,jku gqvk] mlus iwNk] ;g rks Hou [kyh g,4 jkt
dqekj us dgk] vka[X [ksfyS vk,j nsf[S] Hou Hjk gqvk g,4 vk,j os lc nwaxk jg

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
xS] Hou tWj Hjk Fk4 jktdqekj us cgqr ls nhS tyk fnS Fs vk,j izdk' ls
Hou Hjk gqvk Fk4 cgqr i,ls cp xS Fs] Fks\Ls eX gh dke gks x;k Fk4 vk,j dq
N Hh u ykuk i\Lk Fk] nhS Hh Hou eX Fs] rsy Hh Hou eX Fk] ckrh Hh Hou
eX Fh4 vkxs Hh Hou eX Fh4 dsoy mu lcdks tks\L nsuk Fk4 vekol dh jkr
Fh] og Hou izdk' ls Hjk gqvk Fk4 mldk dksuk7dksuk izdk' ls Hjk gqvk Fk4
vk,j Hou tc izdk' ls Hjrk g, rks [qn gh ugC Hjrk] }kj] >jks[kX ls] f[\Lf
d;kX ls izdk' ckgj tkus yxrk g,4 dpjk Hjrk g, rks xa/ ckgj igqaprh g,] iz
dk' Hjrk g, rks vkyksd ckgj igqaprk g,4 og thr x;k4 ysfdu mlus jk†; ys
us ls badkj dj fn;k4 mlus dgk] esjs nwljs HkB dks ns nX] D;kXfd vc eq>s fn[k
B i\Lrk g, fd jk†; Hh Sd dpjk g,] mlls vius thou dks D;kX HWa` tc izd
k' eX Hou dks Hjk g, rks izdk' ls ¬o;a dks Hh Hjus dh î;kl i,nk gks x;h g,4
nks gh rjg ds yksx gT3dpjs ls thou dks Hj ysus okys vk,j rc muds thou eX
vxj nqxΩ/ G,yus yxs rks dksB vkæp;Z ugC g,4 vk,j izdk' ls thou dks Hj ys
us okys vk,j rc muls nwljkX ds nhS Hh ty tkS vk,j nwljs ds va/sjs d{kX rd
Hh izdk' igqap tkS rks Hh dksB vkæp;Z ugC g,4 vk,j ges'k ;gh fu<Z; dj ysus
dk g,4 thou dh laink g, Fks\Lh] QiS feys gT] Fks\Ls] le; g, v¥i vk,j iwjs th
ou dks Hjuk g, rks t¥nh eX dpjk gh fn[kB i\Lrk g,4 t¥nh ls mlh ls Hjus
eX ge yx tkrs gT4 ysfdu Fks\Lk OgjX] Fks\Lk fopkj djX] dpjs ls Hjdj thr H
h xS rks og Hh thr ugC g,4 mlls rks csgrj g,] [kyh jgdj gkj tkuk4 ysfd
u ßlk Hh mik; g, fd Hou Hh [kyh gks vk,j Hj Hh tkS4 izdk' ßlh gh Hj
koI g,4 Hou [kyh Hh gksrk g, vk,j Hj Hh tkrk gT4 thou dks Hh izdk' ls H
jk tk ldrk g,4
d,ls` bu nks fnukX eX Fks\Lh7lh eTus Hwfedk dh ckr dh g,4 vkt vkils dgwa] d,ls
thou dks izdk' ls Hjk tk ldrk g,` D;k g, ckrh` D;k g, rsy` D;k g, fn;
k vk,j d,ls bls tyk;k tk ldrk g,` euq‘; ds Hhrj lc dqN ek,twn g,4 cq0 ds
Hhrj tks ek,twn gksxk] jke ds] ;k Î‘< ds ;k ∂kb¬I ds ;k egkohj ds Hhrj
tks ek,twn gksxk og ge lcds Hhrj ek,twn g,4 ysfdu vxj ckrh vyx i\Lh jgs]
rsy vyx vk,j vkx vyx] rks nh;k ugC tyrk vk,j izdk' ugC G,yrk4 bu l
cdk Ohd la;ksx gks tkS rks thou vkyksd ls Hj tkrk g,4 bl la;ksx dk uke
gh /eZ g,4 lkjh 'fDr;ka gekjs Hhrj gT] mügX Ohd la;ksx dk uke gh ;ksx g,4 m
uds Ohd ls la;ksx dk uke gh /eZ g,4 /eZ thou dks vkyksd ls Hjus dk mik;
g,4
;g /eZ d,ls miyç/ gksxk] mlds rhu lw_kX ij eT vkils ppkZ djuk pkgwaxk4

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
igyh ckr g,] fpR dh ¬ora_rk6 nwljh ckr g,] fpR dh ljyrk] rhljh ckr
g,] fpR dh 'wü;rk4 ;s rhu lw_ ;fn thou eX Gfyr gkX rks nhS ls rsy tq\Lrk
g,] rsy ls ckrh] ckrh ls vkx vk,j thou vkyksd ls Hj tkrk g,4
fpR dh ¬ora_rk3ysfdu ge lcds fpR rks ijra_ gT4 ge rks vius fpRkX eX]
ge rks vius eukX eX nwljkX ds nkl vk,j xqyke cus gqS gT4 vk,j eu dh xqykeh
cgqr xgjh g,4 eu dh xqykeh vk,j nklrk ls vk,j d\Lh dksB xqykeh ugC g,4 ge
lksprs gh ugC] lksp gh ugC ldrs] D;kXfd 'k¬_kX ls] 'çnkX ls] fl0karkX ls] laiz
nk;kX ls gekjs eu d,n g,] vkc0 gT ge tc Hh lksprs gT rks thou ls gekjk Vp
ru 'qW ugC gksrk] Vpru gekjk 'çnkX vk,j fl0karkX ls 'qW gksrk g,4 ßls fl0kar
kX ls] ßls 'k¬_kX ls ftügX ge vKku eX Kku le> fy;k g,] ftügkXus geus vKku
eX Kku le> fy;k g,] ftügX ge Kku ekudj c,O xS gT] ftügX id\Ldj ge Qd
xS gT6 ftuds vk/kj ij ge lksprs gT] fopkj djrs gT4 tc Hh fdlh lksp7f
opkj eX dksB iwoZi{ gksrk g,] dksB izhtfLl gksrh g,] rHh Vpru ijra_ gks tkr
k g,] rc lksp7fopkj can gks tkrk g,] foæokl 'qW gks tkrk g,4 /eZ dks yksx fo
æokl ls] GsF ls tks\Ls gqS gT tcfd ok¬rfod /eZ dk laca/ foæokl ls] GsF ls j
puk ek_ Hh ugC4 GsF ls japek_ Hh ugC g,4 va/foæokl dk laca/ GsF ls g,] f
oæokl ls g,] fcyhG ls g,] J0k ls g,4 ok¬rfod /eZ dk laca/ fopkj ls g,] fo
osd ls g,] ek,fyd Vpru ls g,4
d,ls ek,fyd Vpru dh MtkZ geeX izdI gks` d,ls fpR ¬ora_ gks] eqDr gks ca/u
ls] mu lcls tks gekjs eu dks cka/s gqS gT` dksB Vgnw g,] dksB eqlyeku g,] dks
B BlkB g,] dksB t,u g,4 ;s lc xqykfe;kX ds uke gT] ;s lc ¬yscjht gT] ;s lc
nklrkSa gT4 vk,j tc rd buls ge ca/s gT] rc rd Vpru eqDr ugC gks ldrk4
vk,j tks eqDr ugC g, og l®; dks ikus eX d,ls leFZ gksxk` l®; dks ikus ds f
yS eqDr gksuk vkoæ;d g,4 ;s lkjh tathjX rks\L nsuk tWjh gT4 tks Vgnw vk,j t,u
vk,j eqlyeku vk,j BlkB vk,j ck,0 bu tathjkX ls eqDr gks tkrk g, mls /eZ d
h ¬ora_rk miyç/ gksrh g,4 vk,j tks buls ca/k jgrk g, og laiznk;kX ds ?sjkX eX
ej tkrk g,] l\L tkrk g,] foyhu gks tkrk g,4 ysfdu /eZ dk vkyksd] /eZ dh
eqfDr mls miyç/ ugC gks ikrh4 fpR bu la¬dkjkX ls cgqr xgjk f?jk g,4 ge
lkspX] ge ns[X] ge Fks\Lk tkxX rks geX Kkr gksxk] ge cgqr7lh ckrX ekus gqS c,Os
gT] cgqr7lh ekü;rkSa id\Ls gqS c,Os gT4 ge cgqr7ls fl0karkX dks vius eu eX t
ekS c,Os gT4 ßlh ijra_ f¬Ffr eX] ßls vKku eX id\Ls xS foæoklkX eX foosd d,
ls mOsxk` d,ls foosd eqDr gksxk] d,ls foosd dks ij feyXxs] d,ls og vkdk' eX
m\L ldsxk` t,ls geus fdlh i{h dks Vit\Ls eX can dj fn;k gks] mlds izk< NI
iIkrs gkX] o,ls gh ge lcds foosd dh 'fDr Vit\Ls eX can g, vk,j NIiIkrh g, v
k,j NwI ikrh4 vk,j fGj c\Lk etk g,~~~vk,j ;g ¬ej< j[s ;ks≈; g, fd vxj dksB
i{h cgqr fnu rd Vit\Ls eX can jg tkS rks Vit\Ls ls izse djuk 'qW dj nsrk

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
g,4 fGj vxj dksB mldk Vit\Lk rks\Lus vkS rks og mls nqæeu ekywe gksrk g,4
vxj eT vkidk Vit\Lk rks\Lus vkMa rks nqæeu ekywe gksMaxk4
os¬Ihy ds fdys eX Ìkal dh ∂kafr ds le; cgqr7ls d,nh can Fs4 iqjkus d,nh3yach
ftudks ltk gqB ßls d,nh] vkthou ftudks d,n gqB ßls d,nh3dksB chl lky ls
can Fk] dksB rhl lky ls4 ßls d,nh Hh Fs tks ipkl vk,j ipiu lky ls viu
h dkydksfOj;kX eX can Fs4 bu ipkl lkykX eX muds gkFkX eX eksIh tathjX jgh FC]
i,jkX eX tathjX jgh FC] va/sjk jgk Fk] vka[X mudh eanh gks xB FC4 jkst jksIh f
ey tkuh vk,j viuh lhyu7Hjh dksOjh eX i\Ls jguk4 Ìkal eX ∂kafr gqB] ∂kafrd
kfj;kX us lkspk tkS vk,j os¬Ihy ds fdys dks rks\Ldj d,fn;kX dks eqDr dj nX4 fd
ruk mügX vkuan ugC gksxk2 os xS mügkXus }kj rks\Ls vk,j d,fn;kX dks dgk] rqe ¬o
ra_ gks4 ysfdu d,nh ckgj vkS] mudh vka[X jks'uh dks ns[rs gh pkTf/;k x;C4
og ?cjk xS4 mueX ls muds dgus yxs] geX gekjh dksOfj;ka eX jgus nX] ge ij
Îik djX] ge cgqr ets eX gT4 fGj Hh mügkXus /Dds nsdj tcnZ¬rh mügX ckgj f
udky fn;k4 ysfdu tcnZ¬rh dksB fdlh dks eqDr dj ldrk g,` tcnZ¬rh ijra_
rks dj ldrk g,] ysfdu ¬ora_ ugC dj ldrk4 tcnZ¬rh cka/ rks ldrk g,] ys
fdu Nq\Lk ugC ldrk4 d,fn;kX dks mügkXus tcnZ¬rh /Dds nsdj ckgj fudky fn;k
4 D;k vki d¥iuk djXxs] lka> gksrs7gksrs cgqr7ls d,nh okil vk xS vk,j mügkXus
dgk] c\Lh n;k gksxh] ge dgC Hh ugC tkuk pkgrs4 vc ge ;gC jguk pkgrs
gT4 fcuk gFdf\L;kX ds gkF gkF gh ugC ekywe gksrs4 ipkl lky rd gFd\Lh ij
Fh] vc mlds fcuk ßlk yxrk g,] gkF gkF ugC gT4
t,ls vki vius d\Ls Nks\Ldj uaxs [\Ls gks tkS rks vkidks yxs fd ;g D;k gks x;k
` ;g di\Lk gh ugC g,] ;g 'jhj dk fg¬lk gks x;k g,4 bls Nks\Ldj vkidks ßl
k yxsxk] eT dqN v/wjk gwa] dqN de gwa4 g¥dk yxsxk] Hkj vyx gks tkSxk] vif
jfpr ekywe gkXxs] vius ls gh vifjfpr ekywe gkXxs4 gFdf\L;ka muds thou dk
fg¬lk gks x;h FC] muds 'jhj dk vax gks x;h Fs4 xqykeh eu dk fg¬lk gks t
krh g, vk,j rc mls rks\Luk c\Lk dfOu gks tkrk g,4 vk,j gtkjkX lky rd vxj
xqykeh dh f'{k nh tkS4 vk,j yksxkX ls dgk tkS foæokl djks 'k¬_kX ij] xqQv
kX ij /eZxzaFkX ij] fl0karkX ij] laiznk;kX ij4 vk,j tks foæokl ugC djsxk og d‘
I ikSxk] nq[ ikSxk] iki gksxk4 vxj gtkjkX o"Z ;g ckr dgh x;h gks] ;g g
ekjs eu ds cgqr xgjs eX tathjX c,O tkrh g,4 budks ysdj ge i,nk gksrs gT vk,j
rc fGj budks rks\Luk c\Lk eqfædy ekywe gksrk g,4 cqr eqfædy ekywe gksrk g,4
;s gekjs [wu vk,j gÒh ds fg¬lk gks tkrs gT4 ysfdu fcu bügX rks\Ls] fcuk ¬ora_
gqS] fcuk eqDr gqS dksB ekxZ ugC g,4
rks\Luk gh gksxk] pkgs fdruh gh ih\Lk gks4 tathjX rks\Luh gh gkXxh] pkgs fdruh g
h ih\Lk gks4 D;kXfd ;g laHo ugC g, fd eT tathjkX dks Hh cpk ywa vk,j ijek®ek
dh vksj xfr Hh dj ywa4 ;g laHo ugC g, fd uko fdukjs ls Hh ca/h jgs vk,j

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
lkxj dh ;k_k Hh gks tkS4 ;g laHo ugC g,] ;g dHh laHo ugC gqvk g,] u d
Hh laHo gks ldrk g,4
fpR ¬ora_ gksuk pkfgS4 geus ijra_ fd;k g,] blfyS ge ¬ora_ dj ldrs gT4
gekjk lg;ksx g, ijra_ djus eX4 blfyS vxj ge tkxX vk,j le>X fd ;g ge
us cka/k gqvk g, bls rks\L nsuk dfOu rks g,] vlaHo ugC g,4 vk,j vxj lé;d Wi
ls ge vius eu ds Hhrj izos' djX vk,j ogka c,Oh gqB tathjkX dks igpku yX3
tks tathjkX dks igpku ysus eX Sd [wch g,4 vxj tathjX fn[k;h i\Luh 'qW gks tk
S rks muds lkF thuk dfOu gks tkrk g,4 vxj vuqHo eX vkuk 'qW gks tkS fd
eT ca/k gwa rks NwIus dh vkdka{k 'qW gks tkrh g,4 vuqHo gh geX ugC g,4
Sd tknwxj ds laca/ eX eTus lquk g,] mlds ikl tks Hs\LX FC] mu lcdks fgîuksIkb
t djds] mu lkjh Hs\LkX dks léeksfgr djds ml tknwxj us dg j[k Fk] rqe Hs\
L ugC gks] rqe rks 'sj gks] Vlg gks4 lkjh Hs\LX ekurh FC ge 'sj gT] ge Vlg gT
blfyS ets ls thrh FC4 nwljh Hs\LX rks Hs\LX fn[k;h i\Lrh FC] [qn Vlg ekywe
gksrh FC4 tc Sd Hs\L dks dkIdj tknwxj [k tkrk Fk rks nwljh Hs\LX dksB fG
dj ugC djrh FC] D;kXfd mudks rks [;ky Fk] ge Vlg g,4 nwljh Hs\LX dIrh
tkrh vk,j ejrh tkrC vk,j gj Hs\L dk uacj /hjs7/hjs vkrk tkrk4 tknwxj ls f
dlh us iwNk fd rqégkjh Hs\LX Hkxrh ugC] gekjh Hs\LX rks Hkxrh gT4 tknwxj us d
gk] budks geus le>k fn;k g,] buds cgqr xgjs eu eX fcOk fn;k g, fd rqe rks
Vlg gks] rqedks dk,u ekj ldrk g,` vk,j ;g le> bügX gels cka/s jgrs g,4
ge lcdks fl[k;k x;k g,] vki rks ¬ora_ gT] tc fd vki cgqr xgjs eX xqyke
gT4 blfyS ¬ora_rk dk etk ge ysrs jgrs gT] cx,j bl ckr dks tkus gqS fd g
ekjs iwjs izk< xqyke gT4 vk,j ge FksFh vktkfn;ka rks [kstrs jgrs gT fd Sd eq¥
d ls nwljk eq¥d vktkn gks tkS] Sd tkfr ls nwljh tkfr vktkn gks tkS6 ysf
du cgqr xgjs eX gekjk fpR] gekjk eu] gekjh psruk eqDr gks] ¬ora_ gks] ;
g u ge [kstrs gT] u geX [;ky vkrk g,] D;kXfd geX fl[yk;k gh ;g x;k g,
fd eu rks eqDr g, gh] ¬ora_ g, gh4 eu rks xqyke g, gh ugC] eu rks jktk g,4
>wOh g, ;g ckr4 eu fcydqy gh xqyke g,4 vk,j tc rd ;g fn[k;h u i\Ls3
Hs\L dks vxj ;g vuqHo u vk tkS fd eT Hs\L gwa] rks fGj ml tknwxj ls H;H
hr gks tkSxh D;kXfd rc og g®;kjk fn[k;h i\Lsxk4 vxj vkidks fn[k;h i\L t
kS fd ftu eafnjkX eX vkt flj >qdk jgs gT] ftu iqtkfj;kX] /eZ iqjksfgrkX] laü;kf
l;kX ds i,j Nw jgs gT] ftu /eZxzaFkX dks flj ij ysdj ?we jgs gT] vxj vkidks
[;ky vk tkS Fd blh lceX vkids fpR dk ca/u fNik gqvk g, rks cgqr f¬Ff
r cny tkSxh4 vkidks fn[k;h i\Lsxk] ;g rks df\L;ka gT] tks eq>s cka/s gqS gT4
vk,j ge bu df\L;ka dks pwe jgs gT vk,j ue¬dkj dj jgs gT4 ugC] ftu yksxkX us
Hh3egkohj us ;k cq0 us ;k ∂kb¬I us l®; dks ik;k gksxk] mügkXus fdügC df\L;kX
eX ca/s jgdj ugC ik;k g,] cf¥d lkjh df\L;ka rks\Ldj ik;k g,4 ysfdu ge mu

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
dks gh viuh d\Lh cuk yxrs gT4 tks ¬ora_ gqS gT] ogh muds ca/u gksus dk dkj
< cuk ysrs gT4
egkohj dk Sd f'‘; Fk xk,re4 cgqr o"Z rd egkohj ds ikl Fk4 izeq[ Fk]
cgqr ls 'k¬_ egkohj ds ihNs tks fy[s xS] muds xk,re dk gkF g,4 og mlh
us fy[okS] mlh us fy[s us mudks ;kn j[k4 ysfdu egkohj ds ejrs rd mld
ks l®; ds dksB n'Zu ugC gqS Fs4 egkohj dks mlus iwNk fd D;k dkj< g, fd eT
?j Nks\Ldj vk x;k] i®uh] cπps] /u] laifR lc Nks\L fnS] vc esjs ikl Nks\L
us dks D;k g,` ysfdu l®; dk vuqHo D;kX ugC gksrk` egkohj us dgk] rwus lc
Nks\Lk] ysfdu eq>s id\L fy;k g,4 lalkj Nks\Lk] cπps] i®uh] ?j7}kj] ysfdu eq
>s id\L fy;k4 cπps vk,j i®uh Nks\L nsuk dfOu ugC g,4 og fpR dh cgqr xgjs
eX xqykeh ugC g,4 fpR ds xgjs eX xqykeh vk,j Hh †;knk nwljh g,4 egkohj us
dgk] rwus eq>s id\L fy;k4 eT rsjh xqykeh gks x;k gwa4 eq>s Hh Nks\L4 ysfdu egk
ohj dks Nks\Luk c\Lk dfOu g,4 cq0 dks Nks\Luk] eksgéen dks] ∂kb¬I dks] jke dks
Nks\Luk c\Lk dfOu g,4 buls rqégkjs izk< ca/ xS gT4 og lc feydj Hh vkids
lkeus vkdj dgX fd Îik djks] gedks Nks\L nks rks muds dgus ds ckn vki mu
dks /ü;okn nksxs vk,j muds i,j i\Lksxs fd vkius cgqr vπNh f'{k nh] vk,j lnk
7lnk gedks blh Hkafr légkys jguk4 vk,j vkidh Îik gh rks Holkxj tWj ik
j gks tkSxk4
cq0 us yksxkX ls dgk fd esjh ew√r;ka er cukuk4 ysfdu bl le; cq0 dh ftr
uh ew√r;ka gT tehu ij] vk,j fdlh dh ugC gT4 i√l;u vk,j mnwZ eX rks cqr 'çn
g,4 cqr] og cq0 dk gh Wikarj g,4 cqr dk eryc gh ew√r gks x;k4 bruh ew√
r;ka gT cq0 dh] cq0 'çn dk vFZ gh cqr] ew√r gks x;k4 vk,j cq0 us dgk Fk]
esjh ew√r er cukuk4 D;kXfd ew√r cka/ ysrh g, vk,j id\Ls ysrh g, vk,j td\L ys
rh g,4 ysfdu cq0 dks tks ekurs gT] mudh ew√r ds uhps flj j[s c,Os gT vk,j iwN
jgs gT fd rqe Hxoku gks4
egkohj us yksxkX ls dgk] dksB Hxoku ugC g,] fdlh dh iwtk er djks] vius d
ks cnyks4 yksxkX us dgk] Hxoku vk x;k] Hxoku dk vorkj vk x;k4 egkohj
ds i,j id\L fyS vk,j gtkjkX lky ls mudks Hxoku egkohj dgs tk jgs gT4 Sd
txg eT bu egkohj Hxoku ds ikxykX ds chp eX cksyus x;k Fk] rks eTus dgk
egkohj] rks Sd us eq>ls dgk] Îik djX] de ls de Hxoku rks tks\LX2 vdsyk
egkohj dg nsrs g, rks gedks c\Lk nq[ gksrk g,4 rks eTus dgk] rqégX 'k;n irk H
h u gks] egkohj us dgk g,] dksB Hxoku ugC g,4 ftldh rqe izkFZuk djks vk,j
iwtk djks] tks rqégX eqDr dj ns4 rqégC gks Hxoku vxj rqe [kstksxs rks miyç/
dj yksxs4 ysfdu bl ckr dks lqudj rqeus egkohj dks Hxoku cuk fy;k] vk,j
rqe egkohj dks Hxoku ekudj id\Ldj c,O xS4 iqjkuk Hxoku gIk] egkohj

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
dk eafnj [\Lk gks x;k4 fo‘<q dh] jke dh iwtk gIh rks egkohj dk eafnj [\Lk
gks x;k4 fo‘<q dh] jke dh iwtk gIh rks egkohj dh iwtk 'qW gks x;h4
ge dqN ßls yksx gT fd Sd nklrk Nks\Lrs gT] r®{< nwljh id\L ysrs gT4 tc nw
ljh id\Lus dk jk¬rk iwjk r,;kj gks tkrk g, rHh ge igyh Nks\Lrs gT4 nklrkSa
cnyrh tkrh gT vkneh dk eu ugC cnyrk4 og eu ogh dk ogh g,4 dé;qfu¬I
gT] mügkXus lc Nks\L fn;k4 dgk fd /eZ g, vGhe dk u'k vk,j ;g lc g, ik[a
L4 blfyS jke dks Nks\Lks] Î‘< dks Nks\Lks] ∂kb¬I dks Nks\Lks] mügkXus lc eafnj [
kyh djok fnS] vk,j mügX irk Hh u jgk fd eafnj] b/j ls mügkXus ew√r;ka [ky
h dC4 ihNs ls ekDlZ dh] Sats¥l dh] ysfuu dh] ¬I,fyu dh ew√r;ka vk x;C4 ;gka
mügkXus iqjkuh dczX m[k\LC vk,j ∂sefyu ds ikl ysfuu dh dcz cuk nh vk,j ml
ij gj lky iwtk djrs gT vk,j Gwy p\Pkrs gT vk,j lykeh nsrs gT4 eafnj cny
tkrs gT] ew√r;ka cny tkrh gT ysfdu Hxoku dk;e jgrk g, D;kXfd gekjh xqyk
eh ugC cnyrh4 rks dé;qfu¬I jke ls Nq\Lk nsrs gT] Î‘< ls ∂kb¬I ls rks fGj ysf
uu vk,j ekDlZ4 ckbfcy] xhrk vk,j dqjku dks dg nsrs gT4 dpjk rks fGj nkl
d,fiIy dks fyS flj ij ?qlrs gT4 rks GdZ ugC i\Lrk4
rks fGj vxj cgqr fgéer dh rks nkl d,fiIy dks Hh tks\L nsrs gT jke] Î‘< l
c NqI tkrs gT rks fGj lkbal dk lqij¬Ih'u i,nk gksrk g,4 vkba¬Ihu tks dgrk g,
] og l®;4 ü;wIu tks dgrk g,] og l®;4 pkgs vkba¬Ihu gh fp¥ykdj dgrk jgs
fd geX l®; dk dksB irk ugC] ge rks l®; ds vkl7ikl Fks\Lk cgqr lksprs gT]
fopkjrs gT] dke py tkrk g,4 l®; dk geX dksB irk ugC4 ysfdu fGj foKku
dk /eZ i,nk gksuk 'qW gqvk4 iqjkus euh"h vk,j +f" gIs rks o,Kkfud mudh t
xg c,Ous 'qW gks xS4 ysfdu gekjk fpR xqykeh ugC Nks\Lrk4 ekfyd cny ysrk
g,] ysfdu xqykeh ugC Nks\Lrk4 eT vkils dguk pkgrk gwa] ekfyd cnyus eX vFZ
ugC g,] xqykeh rks\L nsus eX vFZ g,4 fpR dks eqDr dfjS] l®; dksB Hh vkidks
ugC ns ldrk4 l®; fdlh xzaF ls vk,j xqQ ls ugC fey ldrk4 vk,j l®; fdlh
laiznk; dh cik,rh ugC g,4 vk,j ijek®ek fdlh eafnj eX d,n ugC g,4 thou g,
l®;] thou g,] 'k¬_] thou g, ijek®ek4 bl if\PS] bls nsf[S6 ugC rks c\Lh
Hwy gks tkrh g,4 joC–ukF Sd ctjs ij Fs jkr eX vk,j lkTn;Z 'k¬_ ij Sd xza
F i\Prs Fs] S¬FsfIDl ij Sd xzaF i\Prs Fs4 lkTn;Z ds izseh Fs rks lkTn;Z dk xzaF i\
Prs Fs4 jkr nsj rd nks ct xS gkXxs4 tykS gqS nhS dks uko eX vius ctjs ds
>ksi\Ls eX c,Os gqS lkTn;Z 'k¬_ dk xzaF i\Prs jgs4 fGj fdrkc can dh] Fd xS]
nh;k cq>k;k4 nh;k cq>krs gh pkTd xS4 xzaF i\Pus eX yxs Fs] ckgj iw√<ek dk pka
n >ksi\Ls ds ckgj [\Lk Fk4 unh dh ygjkX ij mldh pkanuh fc[j jgh FC4 vk
dk' lUkIs vk,j ek,u eX Fk4 NksIh7lh cnfy;ka vkdk' eX r,j jgh FC4 f[\Ldh i
j tkdj [\Ls gqS vk,j ekFk OkXd fy;k vk,j dgk fd eT lkTn;Z 'k¬_ dks i\Pus eX
le; xaokrk jgk vk,j lkTn;Z }kj ij [\Lk gqvk g,4 lkTn;Z }kj ij [\Lk gqvk g,]

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
ge lkTn;Z 'k¬_ i\P jgs gT4 ijek®ek Hxoku ds ckgj n¬rd ns jgk g,] ge jk
ek;< i\P jgs gT4
thou g, NksIs7NksIs ik,/kX eX] if{;kX eX] bl pkjkX rjG ø;kîr txr eX lkjk jg¬
; izdI gks jgk g,4 ge vka[X Gks\L jgs gT] danhy tykdj /qvka ys jgs gT mldk
vk,j fdrkcX i\P jgs gT4
ugC] fdrkckX eX ugC g,] u 'çnkX eX g,4 l®; g, cgqr fojkI4 dksB fdrkc mls v
ius eX ugC fNik ldrh4 l®; g, cgqr vuar4 dksB 'çn mls vius eX ugC lek l
drk4 l®; ds cgqr fojkI6 {q– ok<h mls izdI ugC dj ldrh4 ysfdu izdI gks
jgk g, vuar7vuar WikX eX4 pkjkX rjG vka[ [ksydj ns[us dh ckr g,4 ysfdu
vc vkidks Hxoku dk [;ky vkrk g, rks vki eafnj eX Hkxs gqS tkrs gT4 vc
Hxoku dk [;ky vkS rks nhokykX ls ckgj vkS] nhokykX ds Hhrj u tkS D;kXf
d nhokyX cka/rh gT] nhokyX jksdrh gT4 nhokyX rks\L nX vk,j eqDr gkX4 fpR ij l
kjh nhokyX rks\L nsuh tWjh gT4 vk,j tc fpR ij dksB nhoky u jg tkS] fdlh
xzaF dh] fdlh 'çn dh] fdlh fl0kar dh rks Sd vHwrioZ ∂kafr ?fIr gksrh g,
3fpR ¬ora_ gksrk g,4 psruk tkxrh g, vk,j eqDr gksrh g, mlds ca/u vk,j df\L
;ka fxjrh gT vk,j mleX ik,Q" vk,j xfjek tkrh g,4 mls ¬ej< vkrk g, vius gks
us dk4 eT gwa] mldk cks/ txrk g,4
ysfdu ge ;fn ca/ jgX] ;g cks/ dHh i,nk ugC gksxk4 ge vxj tehu ij f?l
Irs jgX rks ;g cks/ dHh i,nk ugC gksxk4 ;g cks/ i,nk djus ds fyS lkgl dh]
fopkj dh tWjr g,4 bu rhu fnukX eX cgqr7lh ckrX eTus dgC gT] cgqr7lh pksIX
dh gT] flGZ blh [;ky ls fd ;fn vkidks viuh tathjX ekywe gkX] mügX rks\Lus
dk cks/ i,nk gks rks vkidks fn[k;h i\Lsxk fd fpR ds lkjs ds lalkj] fpR dh
lkjh daLh'Vux] fpR eX c,Os gqS lkjs fopkj vkidks ijra_ fdS gqS gT4 D;k d
Hh vkius ;g [;ky fd;k fd tks Hh fopkj vkids Hhrj c,Os gT] os vkbfL;ksyk
th] mueX dksB Hh vkidh viuh ugC g,] fdlh vk,j us vkidks nh gT] m/kj gT]
nwljs ls vk;h gT` dHh vkius [;ky fd;k g, fd mueX ls dqN Hh vkils i,nk u
gC gqvk g,` lc nwljkX dk g,] m/kj g,] lc laxzg g,] geus ckgj ls bdØk dj f
y;k g,4 fopkj r,j jgs gT gokvkX eX] ge mügX bdØk fdS tk jgs gT4 fGj ge d
grs gT] esjk laiznk;] esjk 'k¬_4 vkidk bleX dqN Hh ugC g,4 lc vkius vk,jkX
dk fxu fy;k4
cq0 dgk djrs Fs] esjs xkao eX Sd ßlk ;qod Fk] unh ds fdukjs c,Odj nwljkX
dh xk;7HTls fcuk djrk Fk4 vghj Fk] mlds ikl dksB xk;7HTl ugC Fh rks o
g nwljkX dh xk;7HTl fudyrh FC] mudh fxurh fd;k djrk Fk fd xkao eX fd
ldh fdruh HTl gT] fdldh fdruh xk;] fdlds fdrus c,y2 rks yksxkX us mlls
dgk fd rw viuk tho ø;FZ xaok jgk g,4 nwljkX dh xk;7HTl fxuus ls D;k gksxk`
rks viuh Hh dksB xk;7HTl g,`

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
gels dksB iwNs] gekjk viuk dksB vuqHwfrtü; fopkj g,` ;k fd ge nwljkX ds f
opkj fxu jgs gT] nwljkX dh xk;7HTl fxj jgs gT` jke us D;k dgk] cq0 us D;k
dgk] egkohj us D;k dgk] ∂kb¬I us D;k dgk] bldks fxu jgs gT fd gekjk H
h dksB viuk fopkj tüek g,` vius fopkjkX dks id\LX vk,j ij[X] vki ikSaxs lc
ijkS gT4 vk,j tks ijkS dk g,] og 'fDr ugC cu ldrk4 tks ijkS dk g,] ml
dh vkids Hhrj t\LX gh ugC gT4 os rks dkxt dk Gwy gT tks ge cktkj ls [jh
n ykS gT vk,j ?j eX yIdk fyS gT4 u bueX xa/ gT] u bueX izk< g,4 vius Gwy
i,nk djus gks rks ik,/s yxkus i\Lrs gT] cht cksus i\Lrs gT] cxhpk légkyuk i\Lrk
g,4 mudh t\LkX dks ikuh nsuk i\Lrk g,4 lqj{k djuh i\Lrh g,] rc vius ik,/s y
xrs gT vk,j mueX cht vadqfjr gksrk g,] Gwy curk g,] lqxa/ vkrh g,4 og fGj
thfor Gwy gksrk g,4 thfor fopkj vk,j ckr g,4 e1r fopkjkX dks ladfyr dj ys
uk] L,L FkIl dks bdØk dj ysuk vk,j ckr g,4 fp_ ijra_ gks tkrk g, vxj e1
r fopkj laxzghr gks tkS4 vk,j fpR eqDr gksrk g, vxj bu e1r fopkjkX ls NqI
dkjk ik yX4
igys rks cgqr nfj–rk ekywe gksxh4 yxsxk] eT rks lc [ks c,Ok tc dksB Hh fop
kj esjk ugC g, rks eT rks vKkuh gks x;k4 ysfdu ;g vKku cgqr fLøgkbu g,4 ;
g vKku cgqr fLøbkbu bxuksjXl g,] ;g cgqr fnø; g,] Hkxor g,4 D;kXfd lkG
gksxh] m/kj Gwy vyx gkXxs] dkxt ds Gwy GXd fnS tkSaxs4 Hwfe lkG gksxh rks
vius cht cksS tk ldrs gT4
Sd ekyh cxhpk r,;kj djrk g,4 ?kl dks m[k\Lrk g,] fGtwy >i\LkX dks vyx
djrk g,] ?kl dks vyx djrk g,] tehu dks [ksnrk g,] dad\L7i®Fj vyx djr
k g,] fGj lqj{k djrk g,] fGj ckxq\L yxrk g,4 fGj cht cksrk g,] fGj ikuh l
Cprk g,] Je djrk g,4 fGj izrh{k djrk g,] izse djrk g,] izrh{k djrk g,] r
c ik,/s tüers g,4 fGj c\Prs gT vk,j rc mueX Gwy vkrs gT4 ¬o;a dk fopkj Hh
ßls Mij ls ugC Fksik tkrk4 og Hh lc ?kl7ikr m[k\Ldj GXd nsuh i\Lrh g,4
;g lc ?kl7ikr g, tks geus ckgj ls bdØk dj yh g,4 bls yxkuk ugC i\Lrk
g,] blds cht gok eX m\Lrs jgs gT4 vki vius ?j dks Fks\Ls fnu ds fyS [kyh
Nks\L nX] mleX ?kl7>a[k\L vkius vki i,nk gks tkSxk4 mls yxkuk ugC i\Lrk] m
ls m[k\Luk i\Lrk g,4 ysfdu vxj lqanj Gwy vkidks yxkus gks rks yxkus i\Lrs gT]
tekus i\Lrs gT4 vxj vius fopkj dks txkuk gks rks yxkuk i\Lrk g,4 vxj nwl
jkX ds fopkjkX ls dke pykuk gks rks vki dqN u djX] og vius vki muds cht
gokvkX eX m\L jgs gT4 og vkieX c,O tkSaxs vk,j ?kl mxk nXxs vk,j vkids Hxu
dks dpjs ls Hj nXxs4 xkf\L;ka ys tkdj ckgj ls ykuk Hh ugC i\Lsxk4 ysfdu] iz
dk' dk dqN vk,j jk¬rk g,4 xa/ dk] Gwy dk dqN vk,j jk¬rk g,4
igyh 'rZ g,] fpR ¬ora_ gks4 fopkj ds tüe dh] foosd ds tüe dh igyh Hwfe
dk g,] fpR eqDr gks le¬r laiznk;kX ls] le¬r 'k¬_kX ls4 lksprs gkXxs] eT c\Lk la

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
iznk; vk,j 'k¬_7fojks/h gwa4 lksprs gkXxs] eT c\Ls /eZ dh fojks/ dh ckr dg jgk
gwa4 ugC] /eZ dk tüe gh blh Hkafr gksrk g,4 /eZ dk tüe vk,j fdlh Hkafr gks
rk gh ugC4 tks Hh euq‘; ckgj ls bdØk eu eX dj ysrk g, mlls NwIdj gh /
eZ dh MtkZ izdI gksrh g,4 igyh ckr4
nwljh ckr g,] fpR ljy gks] ¬ora_ gks] ljy gks4 ljyrk dk D;k vFZ g,4 D;k
vFZ g, fd vki gkF dk drk gqvk di\Lk iguus yxX rks vki ljy gks tkSaxs`
;k Sd ckj Hkstu djus yxX rks ljy gks tkSaxs` ;k yaxksIh yxk yX rks ljy g
ks tkSaxs` ;k lkx7lçth ;k ?kl7ikr [kus yxX rks ljy gks tkSaxs` ugC] ljyr
k ßlh l¬rh ckr ugC g,4 vk,j u ljyrk bruh ljy ckr g,4 ;s lc ftldks g
e ljyrk dgrs gT] ;g cgqr dkaîysDl vk,j tfIy fpR dk y{< g,4 Sd vkne
h dks ljy gksuk g,] igys cgqr vπNs di\Ls igurk Fk] mlus Sd yaxksIh yxk y
h vk,j dgus yxs] fdruk lh/k g,] fdruk ljy] fdruk lk/q g,2 lc di\Ls Nks\L
fnS] Sd yaxksIh yxkrk g,4 igys cgqr vπNk [kuk [krk Fk] vc miokl dj
us yxk] ozr j[us yxk4 yksx dgus yxs] d,lk ifjorZu gks x;k2 fdruk lh/k v
k,j fdruk ljy gks x;k4 igys vd\Ldj pyrk Fk4 vc ftlls Hh feyrk g,] >q
ddj ue¬dkj djrk g, vk,j dgrk g,] eT rks cgqr fouez vkneh gwa] eT dqN ugC
gwa] eT rks uk dqN gwa4 rks ge dgrs gT] fdruk fouez vk,j fdruk ljy vkneh
g,2 cgqr le>Xxs] ns[Xxs] bl rjg dh fouezrk ds ihNs] vgadkj fNik c,Ok gksrk
g,4 D;kXfd tks vkneh ;g dgrk g, fd eT cgqr fouez gwa mls vHh eT Hwyk ugC
g,4 tks dgrk g,] eT cgqr fouez gwa] mls vHh eT Hwyk ugC g,4 tks dgrk g,] eT c
gqr fouez gwa] mls vHh eT] Bxks] vgadkj vHh Hwyk ugC g,4 vgadkj us u;h 'D
y ys yh g,4 vc og fouez gks x;k g,4 vc mlus fouezrk dks vks\P fy;k g,4 tks
vkneh dgrk g, fd eT rks cgqr lh/k7lknk thou ilan djrk gwa] [knh igu y
h] W[k7lq[k [k fy;k] bl vkneh dk eu lh/k7lknk ugC g,4
cgqr g,jku gkXxs vki] Sd xkao eX ßlk gqvk] Sd Gdhj dk vkxeu gqvk] c\Lk
laü;klh Fk] nwj rd mldh “;kfr Fh] u≈u jgrk Fk4 xkao ds jktk us ¬okxr }
kj cuokS] xkao ds jktk us jk¬rs ij dkyhu fcNokS] ml Gdhj ds ¬okxr dks
jk¬rs ij4 xkao ds ckgj x;k] lkjk jktnjckj x;k4 [qn jkuh x;h4 Gdhj dk
cpiu dk fe_ Fk4 nksukX Sd gh ikO'kyk eX lkF7lkF i\Ps Fs4 tc Gdhj vk;k
] vkus ds Sd fnu igys gh yksxkX us mls [cj nh fd og tks jktk g,] ftldh j
kt/kuh eX rqe tk jgs gks] viuk naH fn[ykus ds fyS fd eT dqN gwa] lkjh jkt
/kuh dks lkG djok jgk g,] }kj cuok jgk g,] jk¬rkX ij cgqew¥; dkyhu fcNo
k jgk g,] og rqégX ghu djuk pkgrk g,] og rqégX uhpk fn[kuk pkgrk g,4 Gdh
j galk4 vk,j cgqr7ls Gdhj galrs g,] cgqr7ls yksx galrs gT] vk,j ge lksprs gkXxs
] galus eX c\Lh ljyrk g,] ysfdu galus eX c\Lk xgjk naH gT4 c\Lh pksI] c\Lh Vgl
k Hh gks ldrh g,4 Gdhj galk4 mlus dgk] ns[ yXxs4 ge e¬rkX dks D;k fGdj`

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
ftl fnu ¬okxr gqvk3uaxk Gdhj Fk3ftl fnu og jktegy ds }kj ij vk;k]
cgqew¥; dkyhukX ij pyk rks lkjs yksx nax gqS4 ?qIus rd mlds i,j dhp\L ls
Hjs Fs4 lc yksx g,jku gqS] o"kZ ds fnu u Fs] lw[k Fk] xeñ ds fnu Fs] jk¬rs
lw[s i\Ls Fs4 brus i,j dhp\L eX d,ls fH\L xS` jktk us egy eX igqapdj fufæpr
gksus ij tc mls cgqew¥; Vlgklu ij fcOk;k rks og vius dhp\L Hjs i,jkX dks
ikyFh ekjdj c,O x;k4 jktk us fufæpr gks tkus ij iwNk fd Îi;k {ek djXxs
] iwNuk eq>s ugC pkfgS] ysfdu ekxZ eX dksB d‘I gqvk D;k` ikuh fxjk D;k`
dhp\L Fh D;k` ;s ?qIus rd vkids i,j dhp\L eX d,ls fH\L xS` ek,le lw[k g,]
xeñ ds fnu gT] ikuh dk irk ugC g,] ikuh dks yksx rjl jgs gT] bruh dhp\L
l\Ld ij d,ls fey x;h` ml Gdhj us dgk] rqe D;k le>rs gks` rqe vxj
cgqew¥; dkyhu fcNkdj viuh 'ku7'k,dr fn[k ldrs gks rks ge Hh Gdhj gT]
ge dhp\L Hjs i,jkX ls dkyhukX ij py ldrs gT4
;g fouezrk vk,j u≈urk ds Hhrj Hh vgadkj c,Ok gqvk g,4 ;g [wc uS WikX eX
c,Ok g,] igpkuuk dfOu g,4 Sd vkneh eafnj tkrk g,] lh/k7ljy vkneh g,] jks
t eafnj tkrk g,4 ysfdu og ns[rk gqvk tkrk g, fd dk,u7dk,u ns[ jgs gT fd eT
eafnj tk jgk gwa4 og eafnj eX iwtk Hh djrk tkrk g,] og ihNs >kaddj ns[rk
tkrk g, fd ftudks fn[kuk Fk og vk xS fd ugC4 og yk,Irk g,] og eu eX
naH ysdj yk,Irk g, fd eT /k√ed gwa4
eksgéen us dgk g,] muds ifjfpr dk Sd y\Ldk Sd fnu lqcg muds lkF uek
t i\Pus dks ef¬tn eX x;k4 igys fnu x;k4 jkst rks lks;k jgrk Fk4 eksgéen d
Hh mldks dgus ugC fd pyks4 Sd fnu lqcg7lqcg tkxk gqvk Fk] eksgéen uek
t dks tkrs Fs4 mügkXus dgk] py] rw Hh py4 og eksgéen ds lkF x;k4 uekt
dh] yk,Ik4 tc yk,I jgk Fk rks mlus eksgéen ls dgk fd yksx Hh d,ls ikih vk,
j vKkuh gT] vHh rd lks jgs gT4 eksgéen ogC Qd xS4 mügkXus ijek®ek ls dg
k fd gs ijek®ek] eq>ls Hwy gks x;h tks bldks ef¬tn ys x;k4 de ls de jkst
lks;k jgrk Fk rks ;g naH rks u Fk fd eT ef¬tn x;k vk,j nwljs ikih vHh r
d lks jgs gT4
/k√ed vkneh dks nsf[S Fks\Lk og pkjkX rjG v/k√ed yksxkX eX c\Lk jl ys j
gk g,4 ;g lkjh nqfu;k v/k√ed ns[dj mldks c\Lk etk vk jgk g,] mlds vga
dkj dh r1fîr gks jgh g,4 tgka Hh ek,dk mls fey tkS fdlh dks v/k√ed fl0
djus dk] og pwdsxk ugC4 vk,j fryd ugC yxk;k g, rks og le>rk g, fd v
/k√ed g,4 vxj eafnj ugC xS gT rks le>rk g,] v/k√ed gT4 vxj tusM ugC
cka/k g, rks og le>rk g,] lc la¬Îfr vk,j /eZ u‘I gks x;k4 d,lh7d,lh ew[Zrk
dh ckrX gT2 dksB fryd yxkus ls] dksB eafnj tkus ls] dksB tusM iguus ls dks
B /eZ gksrk g,` vk,j vxj buls /eZ gksrk g, rks ßls /eZ ls Hxoku ftrus t¥n
h NqIdkjk fnyk nX nqfu;k dk] mruk csgrj g,4 /eZ dqN vk,j c\Lh ckr g,4 /eZ

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
bu {q–re ckrkX eX ugC g,4 bu {q–re ckrkX eX gekjh {q– cqf0 izdI gksrh g,]
/eZ ugC4 bu ckrkX dks ge fu√er djrs gT3{q– yksx4 vk,j gekjk ;g NksIk7lk f
efL;dj ekbaL] ;g NksIk7lk fnekx] ;g bu lkjh phtkX dks fu√er djrk g,] c
ka/uk vk,j cukrk g,4 vk,j fGj budks ?sj dj] bu lcdks ?sj dj dksB [\Lk gks
tkS rks mls vki ljy vkneh er le> ysuk4 ;k vki [qn ßls gks tkS rks lj
y er le> ysuk vki vius dks4 ljyrk] ÍqfefyIh c\Lh vk,j ckr g,4 fléiyhf
lIh c\Lh vk,j ckr g,4 cgqr vk,j ckr g,4 lh[h ugC tkrh ljyrk] Fksih ugC t
krh4 Hkstu vk,j di\LkX ls mldk laca/ ugC g,4 fGj fdl ckr ls laca/ g,` laca/
g, ljyrk dk bl ckr ls3eT tkuwa] fdruk eT tkurk gwa4 lkspwa] fdruk esjk Kk
u g,4 lk∂sIhl Fk4 mlds xkao eX Sd vkneh dks nsoh vkrh Fh4 ml nsoh ls fd
lh us iwNk fd bl xkao eX] SFXl eX lcls †;knk Kkuh dk,u g,` ml nsoh us dgk
ls∂kIhl4 rks yksx Hkxs gqS lk∂sIhl ds ikl xS vk,j dgk] nsoh us dgk g,] rqé
gC bl xkao eX lcls c\Ls Kkuh gks4 lk∂sIhl us dgk] tWj dksB Hwy gks x;h4 eT
ftruk tkurk gwa bruk gh eq>s Kkr gksrk g, fd eT vKkuh gwa4 ftruk esjk Kku
dh [kst c\Prh g, mruk eq>s vius vKku dk irk pyrk g,4 tkvks] dqN Hwy gks
x;h4 esjs ls SFXl eX eq>ls c\Lk vKkuh dksB Hh ugC g,4
Kku dks igpkuX] ljyrk i,nk gksxh4 Kkr gksxk] eT dqN Hh ugC tkurk4 viuh
'fDr dks igpkuX rks Kkr gksxk] D;k esjh 'fDr` lw[s iRs dh Hkafr m\Lk tkrk
gwa vk,j le>rk gwa] eT dqN gwa4
Sd egy ds ikl dqN cπps [syrs Fs4 i®Fj dk Sd Psj Fk Sd cπps us Sd i®
Fj mOk;k vk,j Mij GXdk4 tc i®Fj Mij mOus yxk] tc mlus ns[k] eT Mij
mO jgk gwa] mlus uhps i\Ls i®Fj ds Psj eX] cgqr i®Fj i\Ls Fs] mlus dgk] fe
_ks] eT tjk ;k_k ij tk jgk gwa4 i®Fj pkTd xS4 fufæpr gh dksB >wO dh rks
ckr u Fh4 og ;k_k dks tk gh jgk Fk] Mij mOk tk jgk Fk4 os pkTds gqS ns
[rs jgs4 muds rks ia[ u Fs4 d,lk 'fDr'kyh i®Fj g, tks Mij tk jgk g,2 fG
j og egy dh f[\Ldh ls tkdj Idjk;k4 dkap pdukpwj gks x;k4 mlus dgk]
fdruh ckj eTus ugC dgk fd esjs jk¬rs eX dksB u vkS] ugC rks pdukpwj gks t
kSxk4 f[\Ldh GwI x;h Fh4 og Hhrj x;k] G'Z ij fxj i\Lk4 fxjrs gh mlus
dgk] dkGh yach ;k_k gqB] Fks\Lk foJke dj yX4 Hou ds uk,djkX dks irk pyk4
vkokt gqB] [Idk gqvk] Hkxs xS i®Fj dks mOk;k vk,j okil GXdk4 tc i®F
j okil fxjus yxk] mlus dgk] dkGh ;k_k dh] Sd '_q dk uk' fd;k] vc
vkil yk,I pyX4 tk ds tc vius Psj eX okil fxjk rks mlus yksxkX ls dgk] cgq
r yach ;k_k djs vk;k gwa] cgqr Fd x;k gwa] vc foJke dWaxk4
D;k bl i®Fj dh Vtnxh eX vk,j gekjh Vtnxh eX dksB GdZ g,` tgka7tgka ge
eT dks Lkyrs gT] ogka7ogka ge bl i®Fj dh cqf0 ls gh dke ugC dj jgs gT` t
ks esjs jk¬rs eX vkSxk] pdukpwj gks tkSxk3;g bl i®Fj dh cqf0 ugC g,] ;g

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
gekjh Hh cqf0 g,] gekjh jktuhfrKkX dh Hh cqf0 g,4 ;g ge lc dk fnekx g,4
vki i,nk gqS gT] vxj vkius i,nk gksus ij ;fn fopkj djX rks vkidks eu Íqfe
fyIh ls Hj tkSxk4 vki Sd fnu ej tkSaxs4 tüe g, vk,j e1®;q g,4 vxj bl i
j fopkj djX rks vki Sdne fouez gks tkSaxs] Sdne ljy gks tkSaxs4 vxj ;g
vkidks fn[k;h i\Ls4 Kkr dqN Hh ugC g,] Sd vKkr] Sd fcydqy vuuksu t
xr eX ge [\Ls gT4 lkeƒ;Z dqN Hh ugC g, fGj Hh vgadkj dks iksf"r fdS tk
jgs gT fd eT gwa] vk,j eT gwa4
Sd p∂orñ gqvk3iqjkus fnukX eX gksrs Fs4 dgkfu;kX eX fy[k g,] irk ugC gksrs Fs
;k ugC gksrs Fs3p∂orñ gqvk] mlus lkjs txr dks thr fy;k4 dFkSa dgrh g,
fd tks vkneh p∂orñ gks tkrk Fk] esW ioZr ij mls tkdj g¬rk{j djus i\
Lrs Fs4 ;g lcls c\Lk xk,jo Fk4 ;g flGZ p∂o√r;kX dks miyç/ gksrk Fk fd o
g tkS vk,j esW ioZr ij g¬rk{j dj nX4 vfLx pÈkukX ij vius g¬rk{j dj
nX4 Sd jktk p∂orñ gqvk] og cgqr izlU gqvk4 esW ioZr ij g¬rk{j djus d
h ckr Fh4 blls c\Lk dksB xk,jo ugC Fk4 og c\Lh Gk,t7GkaIs dks ysdj esW ioZr
dh vksj pyk4 xoZ ls pwj gqvk tkrk Fk4 i,j tehu ij u i\Lrs Fs] vka[X vkdk
' eX u fIdrh FC] o,lk xk,jo Fk4 dkj< Hh Fk4 lc thrdj yk,Ik Fk4 ;g ek,
dk eqfædy ls fdlh dks feyrk Fk4 gtkjkX7gtkjkX o"k˜ eX dksB p∂orñ gksrk Fk
4 og p∂orñ gks xS4 }kj ij }kjiky us dgk] vk,j lc rks ;gC Qd tkSaxs] v
dsys gh vkidks tkuk i\Lsxk] D;kXfd lkekü;tu rks esW ioZr ds n'Zu Hh ugC d
j ldrs4 vi vdsys tkS] lkF eX izgjh tkSxk] vkids n¬r[r djok nsxk4
jktk Hhrj x;k] N,uh7gFk,\Lh lkF ysdj izgjh x;k4 c\Lk fo'ky ioZr Fk4 Sd
Nksj ls nwljs Nksj rd tkuk vlaHo Fk4 fnu ij fnu chrus yxs ysfdu txg u
feyrh Fh] tgka jktk g¬rk{j djs4 iwjk igk\L igys ls gh ls Hjk gqvk Fk4 g¬r
k{jkX iwjk igk\L igys gh ls Hjk gqvk Fk4 txg u feyrh Fh dgka g¬rk{j djs4
fnu ij fnu] ekg ij ekg chrus yxs4 naH] vgadkj fxjus yxk4 {h< gksus yx
k4 lkspk Fk c\Lk dke djus tk jgk gwa] ;gka rks iwjs igk\L ij igys ls yksx g¬rk
{j dj pqds Fs] cgqr p∂orñ gks pqds Fs4 igjsnkj ls mlus dgk] dc rd ;g
pysxk` txg rks feyrh ugC4 ml igjsnkj us dgk] eTus vius cki ls lquk g,] m
ügkXus Hh vius cki ls lquk Fk vk,j mügkXus Hh] vk,j mügkXus Hh] muds igys Hh]
fd tc Hh ;gka g¬rk{j djus i\Lrs gT rks iqjkuk g¬rk{j feIkuk i\Lrk g,] u;h
txr] Ìs' txg feyrh ugC] dHh feyh gh ugC4 rks jktk us dgk] g¬rk{j
djuk fGtwy g,4 mlus lkspk] g¬rk{j djus dk dksB vFZ Hh u jgk4 bl c\Ls i
gk\L ij dk,u ns[sxk] dk,u igpkusxk` eT fdu g¬rk{jkX dks igpku ik jgk gwa`
og okil yk,Ius yxk4 igjsnkj us dgk] feIk nwa` g¬rk{j djrs gT` vki` mlus
dgk] {ek djX` cgqr vd\L ls x;k Fk4 eghukX chr xS Fs] mldh Gk,tX ckgj
izrh{k djrs ?c\Lk x;h FC4 yk,I rks fcydqy fouez Fk4 os igpku Hh u ldC

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
fd dk,u jktk g,] dk,u igjsnkj g,4 og okil yk,Ik rks Sd nfj– vkneh vkdj
[\Lk gks x;k vk,j mlus Gk,tkX ls dgk] tkvks] vc eT dksB jktk ugC gwa] vc eT
dksB p∂orñ ugC gwa4 og ikxyiu x;k4
thou dks ns[X vk,j fopkjX] tkxX] ljyrk i,nk gksuh 'qW gks tkSxh4 ljyrk Fksi
h ugC tkrh4 thou ds l®; dks ns[us ls vkuh 'qW gksrh g,4 vk,j tc fpR ljy
gksrk g, rks fpR dksey gks tkrk g,4 vk,j fpR tfIy gksrk g, rks dOksj gks tk
rk g,4 dkseyrk eX gh] ml fouezrk eX gh l®; dk izos' gksrk g,4 dOksj Ôn;
dh Hkafr] g,4 ml ij cht Hh i\Lsxk rks u‘I gks tkSxk4 dksey Ôn; Hwfe dh
Hkafr g,] dksey] ml ij cht i\Lsxk rks vadqj cu tkSxk4 Ôn; dks dksey gksus
nX4 cukus dh dksf'' u djX] cukus dh dksf'' ls rks >wO gks tkrk g,4 tkxX vk,
j ns[X vk,j thou dh lkjh f¬Ffr dks le>X] vkidk Ôn; dksey gksuk 'qW gks
tkSxk] fpR ljy gksuk 'qW gks tkSxk4 Sd vius fd¬e dh ÍqfefyIh i,nk gksu
h 'qW gksxh4 Sd vius fd¬e dh fouezrk] tks Fksih ugC x;h g,] tks vk;h g,4 t
ks d¥IhosI ugC dh x;h g,] cuk;h ugC x;h g,] laokjh ugC x;h g,] tks thou d
ks ns[us ls i,nk gks x;h g,4 Sd iRh o1{ eX fgy jgh g,] D;k mlls †;knk vkid
k gksuk g,` Sd NksIk7lk dh\Lk tehu ij py jgk g,] D;k mlls †;knk vkidk
gksuk g,` ns[X thou dks] ns[X nwj rd G,ys vkdk' dks] djks\L7djks\L lw;k˜ dks] d
jks\L7djks\L lw;k˜ ds Gklys dks] ns[X bl fojkI cz‰kaL dks] lkspX bl NksIh7lh i1ƒo
h dks] ml ij NksIs ls vius gksus dks4 blds izfr tkoX4 rks D;k irk pysxk` irk
pysxk fd eT rks dqN Hh ugC gwa bl lc gksus eX] Sd lkxj eX cwan Hh t,lh esj
k gksuk ugC g,4 vk,j rc] rc vgadkj {h< gksxk vk,j foyhu gks tkSxk4 vk,j l
jyrk i,nk gksxh4 ¬ora_ gkX] ljy gkX vk,j 'wü; gks tkS4
'wü; dk vFZ3'wü; dk vFZ g,3eu dks [kyh Nks\Lus dh lkeƒ;Z4
Sd ø;fDr Sd eafnj eX fdlh nwj ns' eX gkF tks\Ldj c,Ok gqvk g,4 ijns'h ;k_
h us Hhrj vkdj mlls iwNk] D;k vki izkFZuk dj jgs gT` ml ø;fDr us dgk]
d,lh izkFZuk] fdldh izkFZuk` ijns'h g,jku gqvk gksxk4 iwNk] Hxoku dh izkFZuk
djrs gkXxs4 mlus dgk] eT bruk NksIk gwa fd eq>s Hxoku dk dksB irk ugC4 fd
lh pht dks ekaxus ds fyS izkFZuk djrs gkXxs` mlus dgk] fdruk gh ekaxX vk,j f
druk gh bdØk djX] ek,r lc Nhu ysrh g,] blfyS ekaxus dk eksg pyk x;k4
D;k ekaxX` tc lc fNu gh tkrk g, rks ekaxus eX dksB vFZ u jgk4 ml vkneh
us dgk] fGj Hh vki izkFZuk rks dj gh jgs gT` ml vkneh us dgk] d,ls dgwa f
d eT izkFZuk dj jgk gwa` vc rd cgqr vius Hhrj [kstk] fdlh eT dks rks ik
gh ugC ldk4
;g tks {< g,] ßlk fpR dh n'k dk4 u dksB ijek®ek dk [;ky g,] u dqN
ekaxus dk] u viuk4 ;g 'wü;] [kyh] ;g ukuchbax dh vo¬Fk g,] ;g uVFxusl
4 thou eX ¬ora_rk vkS] ljyrk vkS rks 'wü;rk vkuh dfOu ugC g,4 dqN ?\L

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
h dks rks fpR fcydqy ek,u gh gks tkuk pkfgS4 vFZ ;g ugC g, fd vki tcnZ¬
rh ek,u dj nX4 tcnZ¬rh nckdj c,O tkSa viuh æokl dks jksddj] rks o,lh 'wü;
rk lπph ugC g,4 ugC] vkus nX] xzksF gksus nX] 'wü;rk dks vkus nX4
d,ls vkSxh 'wü;rk` nks rks eTus ckrX dgC3¬ora_ fpR gh rks cgqr [kyh gks tk
S] D;kXfd tc Hjko nwljs dk g,4 ljy fpR gks rks cgqr foxfyr gks tkSxk D;
kXfd lkjh dOksjrk Hjs gqS g,] ;g foyhu gks tkSxh4 mlds ckn 'wü;] thou dks
ns[X4 D;k ekaxus ;ks≈; yxrk g,` ijek®ek dks tkurs ugC g,] ¬o;a dks [kstX] eT
dk dksB irk ugC pyrk` fGj D;k gksxk` rks fGj ek,u jg tkSaxs4 ek,u] Sd
lkbyXl] Sd lUkIk id\Luk 'qW gksxk4 ;g psf‘Ir lUkIk u gksxk4 ;g ?sj ysx
k vpkud4 ;g fdlh vKkr {< eX] fdlh fcydqy vuuksu ewoeXI eX] tc fd
ge [;ky eX Hh u Fs] vpkud id\L ysuk4 vxj ¬ora_ vk,j ljy gksus dh fo
dflr vo¬Fk cuh rks 'wü; dk Hko fdlh {< eX vpkud id\L ysxk4 vkidks i
rk yxsxk fd eT rks gwa gh ugC] eT rks gok7ikuh gks x;k] eT rks dqN gwa gh ugC]
lq[k iRk gks x;k4 ikuh ij cgrk gqvk Sd yd\Lh dk Iqd\Lk gks x;k4 Sd ikuh
ij Sd yd\Lh dk Iqd\Lk cgrk gks] Sd vkneh r,jrk g, ikuh eX4 r,juk] 'wü;
ugC gksrk g,4 fGj Sd vkneh cgrk g, ikuh eX] r,jrk ugC] cgk tkrk g, lc N
ks\L fn;k g, mlus vk,j cgk tkrk g,4 r,juk Hjk gksuk g, vk,j cgs tkuk 'wü; gks
tkuk g,4
rks thou eX Fks\Lk cgX4 r,jus dk cgqr [;ky Nks\L nX4 r,jus ls gh naH i,nk gksrk
g,4 r,jus ls vgadkj i,nk gksrk g,4 r,jus dk gh Hko fd eT r,Waxk vk,j thrwaxk vk,
j igqapwaxk] bleX lceX eT [\Lk gqvk g,4 dOksj eT ugC] cgX] Nks\L nX] cg tkS4 v
ki Hh Sd fg¬ls eX lkjs txr ds vyx ugC4 Sd iRk g, o1{ dk] vyx Fks\Lh
g,4 ihNs tq\Lk g, 'k[kvkX ls] ihNs tq\Lk g, is\L ls6 vk,j ihNs tq\Lk g, t\LkX ls4 vk,j
t\LX] tq\Lh g, lwjt ls] leq– ls] i1ƒoh ls] lkjs ikap r®okX ls4 Sd NksIk7lk iRk
lkjs txr ls tq\Lk g,] vyx ugC g,4 dksB vyx ugC g,4 ns[X thou dks] igpkuX
vk,j izos' djX4 vkidks irk yxsxk fd eT rks gwa gh ugC4 'wü;rk Gfyr gksuh 'q
W gks tkSxh4 fpR /hjs7/hjs ek,u gksrk tkSxk4 fpR cgus yxsxk] r,juk can dj
nsxk4 r,juk /k√ed vkneh dk y{< g,4 cguk] cg tkuk] lkxj eX cg tkuk
/k√ed fpR dk y{< g,4 og tks fjyhtl ekbaL g,] og r,jrk ugC] cgrk g,4
lc Nks\L nsrk g, vk,j cg tkrk g,4 vk,j ftl oDr vki lc Nks\L nXxs] lc fjysD
l dj nXxs vk,j cgus yxXxs rks vki ikSaxs] vki ijek®ek ds lkF Sd gks xS gT4
vki ikSaxs] vc vkidks viuh 'fDr [pZ ugC djuh i\Lrh g,] unh dh 'fDr
vkidks cgkS ys tk jgh g,4 vc vkidks lkxj ugC igqapuk g,] vki lkxj igqap
xS4 vc vkidks dgC [kstus ugC tkuk g,] vkius vius dks [ks fn;k lc ik fy;
k4 ∂kb¬I dk opu g,] tks vius dks cpkrs gT os u‘I gks tkrs gT vk,j tks vius
dks [ks nsrs gT os miyç/ gks tkrs gT4 tks vius dks Nks\L nsrk g,] Nks\L nsus dk uk

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
e 'wü;rk g,4 tks vius dks lc Hkafr Nks\L nsrk g, og mlh {< ijek®ek dks mi
yç/ gks tkrk g,4 Sd NksIh7lh ?Iuk] vk,j viuh ppkZ dks eT iwjk dWaxk4
Sd jkr Sd igk\Lh ds fdukjs Sd va/sjh jkr eX Sd vkneh ;k_k dj jgk g,4
vpkud mlus ik;k fd og fdlh x∏s eX fxj x;k g,4 mlus tksj ls >kf\L;ka id\
L yC4 irk ugC] uhps fdruk c\Lk x∏k g,] fdruh vry [kB g,4 D;k gksxk] D;
k ugC gksxk] lh/h pÈku ekywe gksrh g,4 vc gkF7i,j fgykuk] Mij p\Puk laHo
ugC ekywe gksrk4 >kf\L;ka Hh iryh gT] izk< dai jgs gT4 dc IwI tkS] dc IwI
tkS] dguk dfOu g,4 ysfdu og id\Ls g,] id\LX g,4 jkr xgjh gksus yxh4 lnZ
jkr g,] gkF dh eqfØ;ka t\L gksus yxh] 'jhj OaLk gksus yxk] lkgl IwIus yxk] m
ls yxus yxk] vc ugC] Fks\Lh nsj eX gkF IwI gh tkSaxs vk,j fGj izk< dh lekfî
r g, ysfdu tc rd viuk o' Fk] id\Ls Fk] id\L jgk4 vkf[j dk,u Nks\Lrk g,
vius gkF ls` vius o' ls dk,u Nks\Lrk g,] tc rd ek,r gh u Nq\Lk ys4 vius
gkF ls dk,u Nks\Lrk g,] tc rd fd NwI u tkS4 id\Ls jgk] id\Ls jgk] lkjh tk
u yxkdj id\Ls jgk4 gkF /hjs7/hjs OaLs gksrs xS] jkr xgjh gksrh x;h] va/sjk
?uk gksrk x;k4 lUkIk tksj id\Lrk x;k] fGj vkf[j eX gkFkX eX rkdr u gjh
] fGj vkf[j eX mldk lkgl NwI x;k4 gkF vius7vki [qy xS vk,j NwI xS
vk,j gkF NwIrs gh mlus vius7vkidks dgka ik;k` vry x∏s eX ugC] dsoy Ng
bap ds Gklys ij gh tehu Fh4 og tehu ij [\Lk Fk4 lkjk H; id\Ls Fk] lk
jh ?cjkgI id\Ls Fk] blls Fh4 uhps [kB u Fh4
uhps [kB ugC g,] ijek®ek g,4 Nks\L nX4 uhps vk/kj g,4 id\Ls jgX] IwI tkSaxs4 N
ks\L nX] miyç/ gks tkSaxs4 yksx dgrs gT] ftu [kstk fru ikb;ka] eT dgrk gwa] ft
u [ks;k fru ikb;ka4 tks [kstrs gT os ikrs gT] ßlk yksx dgrs gT4 eT dgrk gwa fd
tks [ks nsrs gT os ik ysrs gT4 bldks 'wü; Hko dgrk gwa4 'wü; Hko izkFZuk g,] 'wü
; Hko ÷;ku g,] 'wü; Hko lekf/ g,4
bu rhu fnukX eX Fks\Lh7lh ckrX vkils dgC gT6 mldh brus izse ls lquk g,] cgqr
vuqx1ghr gwa4 var ex lcls Hhrj c,Os ijek®ek ds fyS esjs iz<ke ¬ohdkj djX4
Se~ Sl~ dkyst iwuk] fnukad ¡™ twu] ¡ª§§] 'ke
thou vk,j /eZ
b/j lksprk Fk3vHh c,Os7c,Os eq>s ;g [;ky vk;k] vk,j tgka Hh /eZ ds m®lo
gksrs gkX] tgka Hh /eZ dh vkjk/uk gksrh gks] tgka Hh /eZ ds fyS yksx bdØs gq
S gkX] ogka fujarj eq>s ;gh [;ky vkrk g,3;g [;ky vkrk g, fd /eZ ls gek
jk dksB Hh laca/ ugC g,4 fGj ;g /eZ dh ¬e1fr eX ge bdØs D;kX gksrs gT` /eZ
ls gekjk dk,u7lk laca/ g,` gekjs thou dk] gekjs izk<kX dk dk,u7lk ukrk g,`
gekjh t\LX rks /eZ ls cgqr fnu gqS IwI x;h gT] ysfdu fGj Hh ge iRkX dks lé
gkyus pys tkrs gT4

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
uh®'s dk uke lquk gksxk4 Sd ppZ ds ikl ls fudyrk Fk4 jfookj dk fnu Fk
vk,j ppZ dh ?afI;ka ct jgh FC4 lkF eX pyrs Sd fe_ dks mlus dgk fd eq>s
cgqr g,jkuh gksrh g, fd nks gtkj lky igys ftl ∂kb¬I dks lwyh ij yIdk fn
;k x;k] mlds fyS yksx vHh Hh mldh ¬e1fr eX ?afI;ka D;kX ctkrs gT` eq>s g,
jkuh gksrh g, fd egkohj dks gqS PkB gtkj o"Z gqS] ∂kb¬I dks gqS nks gtkj o
"Z gqS] Î‘< dks gqS 'k;n ikap gtkj o"Z gqS] fGj jke dks Hh cgqr le; ch
rk4 ysfdu ge mudh ¬e1fr eX bdØs D;kX gksrs gT` mudh ;kn eX muds léeku eX
ge D;kX viuh J0kSa v√ir djrs gT` vkæp;Z eq>s u gksrk ;fn gekjs thou]
;fn gekjs izk< ml l®; ls lacaf/r gkX ftl l®; dh bu ø;fDr;kX us xokfg;ka
nh gT4 ysfdu gekjs thou dh fn'k rks fcydqy fojks/h g,4 ge Hxoku ds eafnj
eX iwtk p\Pkrs gT vk,j ',rku ds eafnj eX fuokl djrs gT4 rks fGj bl ¬e1fr dk
D;k iz;kstu g,` dgC ;g ¬e1fr vk®e?krh rks ugC] vk®eoapd rks ugC g,] ;g
ls¥G fLlsfîIo rks ugC g,` vk,j eq>s yxk g, ;g g,4
thou tc cgqr ikl ls Hj tkrk g,] thou tc cgqr iki ls xz¬r gks tkrk g,
rks ge /eZ dh ¬e1fr eX ml iki dks fNik ysuk pkgrs gT4 thou eX tc cgqr va
/dkj gks tkrk g, rc ge izdk' dh ckrX djds ml va/dkj dks Hqykus eX yx
tkrs gT4 thou eX tc fcydqy xyr gks tkrk g, rks ge vπNh7vπNh ckrkX eX]
vπNs7vπNs ukjkX ls [qn dks ;g foæokl fnykuk pkgrs gT fd ge xyr ugC g,4
;s lc vk®efoæokl [kstus ds rjhds gT4 ysfdu bldks eTus dgk] ;g vk®e?krh
izo1fR gT] ;g ¬ohlkbLy g,4 D;kXfd tks ø;fDr viuh chekfj;kX dks ugC tkusxk
vk,j mügX ¬ok¬ƒ; dh ppkZvkX eX fNikSxk] chekjh c\Prh tkSxh] vk,j mlds izk<
ys yXxh4
v/eZ dks ge fNikrs gT /eZ dh ckrkX eX4 v/eZ c\Prk tkrk g,] /eZ dh ckrX dk
e ugC ns ldrh gT4 ;s lkjs eafnj gekjs ikikX dks fNikus dh rjdhcX gT vk,j ;s
lkjh /eZ dh ppkZSa gekjs Hhrj tks xyr gks x;k g,] bl /eZ dh ppkZ ds 'ksj
xqy eX mldks Hqyk nsus ds mik; gT4 ysfdu ;g vk®e?krh g, og ckr4 ;g gekj
h iwtkSa] gekjh izkFZukSa] gekjs eafnj ?krd gT4 ?krd blfyS gT fd bleX ftls
ge fNik jgs gT og gekjs izk< ys ysxk4 v/eZ gekjs izk< ys ysxk4 v/eZ gekjs
izk< ys jgk g,4 jkst7jkst gekjs thou dh 'kafr] thou dk vkuan] thou dk la
xhr lc fNurk tk jgk g,4 Hhrj ls ge u‘I gksrs tk jgs gT] Hhrj euq‘; Sd
[ks[yh yk' dh Hkafr gks tk jgk g,4 ysfdu bldh ckrX lquX] blds 'k¬_kX dks ns
[X vk,j mlds eafnjkX dks ns[X rks yxrk g, fd cgqr /eZ gksxk4 tehu ij fdrus
eafnj gT] fdrus /eZ gT]fdruk laiznk;] fdrus lk/q] fdrus laü;klh] fdrus iafLr
] fdrus le>kus okys yksx] fdrus le>us okys yksx2 ysfdu /eZ dgka g,`
;g fojks/kHkl D;k vkidks fn[k;h ugC i\Lrk` ;g gekjs thou eX vk x;h v
laxfr D;k geX fn[k;h ugC i\Lrh` vk,j ;g vlaxfr ftls fn[k;h ugC i\Lrh]

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
og cgqr c\Ls /ks[s eX g,4 vk,j og /ks[k fdlh vk,j dks ugC ns jgk g,] [qn dks
ns jgk g,4
eq>s ¬ej< vkrk g,] dksB lk, o"Z igys dh ckr g,] baxyTL eX mu fnukX Hys yksx
ukId ugC ns[rs Fs4 ukId ns[uk Hys yksxkX ds fyS o√tr Fk4 'sDlih;j dk
Sd ukId ba≈yTL ds Sd c\Ls uxj eX pyrk Fk4 ml uxj dk tks c\Lk iqjksfgr
Fk] c\Lk iknjh Fk] tks vkpZfc'i Fk] mlds eu eX Hh ykylk Fh fd ml ukI
d dks d,ls ns[s] ysfdu ukId dks d,ls ns[s` mlus fF;sIj ds e,ustj dks [cj Hs
th fd esjh ukId ns[us eX Qfp g,3D;k rqégkjs fF;sIj eX ihNs dksB njoktk g,]
ftlls pqipki eT vk ldwa`
e,ustj us c\Ls iknjh vkpZfc'i dks tokc Hstk3gekjs fF;sIj ds ihNs njoktk
g,] mlls vki Hhrj vk ldrs gT] yksx vkidks ugC ns[ ldXxs4 ysfdu Sd ckr
¬ej< j[X] gekjs fF;sIj eX ßlk dksB Hh njoktk ugC g,] ftls ijek®ek u ns[
rk gks4 fGj vkidh etñ4 yksxkX ls rks cpk;k tk ldrk g,] ysfdu ijek®ek ls
d,ls cpkbSxk`
ge Hh thou eX ihNs ds njokts [ksyrs gT4 lkeus ds njokts ij /eZ gksrk g,] i
hNs ds njokts ls Vtnxh pyrh g,4 vk,j ftl ø;fDr ds thou ex nks njokts gkX]
mldk thou udZ cu tkrk g,4 cu tkuk ¬okHkfod g,4 og nks fojks/h fn'kvkX
eX Sd lkF thrk g,4 t,ls Sd c,yxk\Lh eX geus nksukX rjG c,y tksr fnS gkX] f
Gj D;k gksxk` c,yxk\Lh ds izk<kar gks ldrs gT4 vk,j geeX ls vf/d yksxkX ds t
hou eX nksukX rjG c,y tqrs gqS gT4 gekjs lkjs izk< v/eZ dh rjG pyrs gT] ge
kjs lkjs fopkj /eZ dh rjG4 vk,j rc thou Sd v®;ar varAla?"Z eX Sd dkaf©
yDI eX i\L tkrk g,4 vk,j ftl ø;fDr ds Hhrj }a} g,] vrA la?"Z g,] ftl ø;fD
r ds Hhrj fujarj fojks/ py jgk g,] ml fojks/ eX gh mldh 'fDr {h< gks
tkrh g,6 ml fojks/ eX gh mldh 'fDr u‘I gks tkrh g,4 vius ls gh y\Lus eX m
ldh lkjh MtkZ] lkjk lkeƒ;Z IwI tkrk g,4 vkf[j eX og Sd jhrs ?\Ls dh Hkaf
r lekîr gks tkrk g,] ftleX dqN Hh u gks4 vk,j ftlds ikl Hhrj 'fDr u c
ps] rks og ø;fDr l®; dks d,ls ik ldsxk` vk,j ftl 'fDr ds Hhrj baIhxzs'u
u gks] Sdrk u gks ftlds ø;fDr®o eX] fojks/ eX gks] var√ojks/ gks] og ø;fDr
ijek®ek ds n'Zu d,ls dj ldksxs` tks ø;fDr Hhrj laxhriw<Z ugC g, l®; dk
Hk≈; ugC cu ldrk4 l®; dsoy mügX miyç/ gks ldrk g, ftuds Ôn; laxhr
ls Hjs gkX4 vk,j laxhr ogka gksrk g,] tgka }a} u gks] tgka Hhrj fojks/ u gks4
vπNk gks fd vki lc ukf¬rd gks tkS vk,j fdlh eafnj eX u tkSa6 D;kXfd de
ls de rc vkids Hhrj }a} rks u gksxk2 vk,j ftlds Hhrj }a} u gksxk4 og cgq
r fnu ukf¬rd ugC jg ldrk4 ijek®ek [qn mlds }kj ij tkSxk4 ysfdu vki
lc gT vkf¬rd4 vki lcds Hhrj }a} g,4 ijek®ek dh ckr g,] ijek®ek dk th
ou ugC g,4 rc3rc ijek®ek vkids }kj ij dHh ugC vk ldrk4 dksB jk¬rk

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
ugC g, vkids }kj ij ijek®ek ds vkus dk2 l®; vkids fyS dHh mn?kfIr u
gC gks ldrk g,] D;kXfd }a}xz¬r eu vius eX gh y\Lrk vk,j IwIrk vk,j u‘I gks
tkrk g,4 mls Gqjlr Hh ugC feyrh g, fd og vius ckgj vka[ mOkdj ns[ l
ds4 ge lc Hhrj dyg ls f?js gT vk,j blfyS esjk [;ky g, fd eT var dyg
ds laca/ eX Fks\Lh ckr vkils dWa] blls eqDr gksus ds mik; ds laca/ eX Fks\Lh ck
r vkils dWa4 bu nks fnukX eX bldh gh ckr dWaxk4
vardZy D;kX g,` ;g lkjk var }a} D;kX i,nk gksrk g,` dk,u7ls dkj< gT ftuls g
e fujarj vius Hhrj foHkftr] [afLr gT4 vius ls gh y\L jgs gT4 t,ls eT vius
nksukX gkFkX dks y\LkMa] rks dk,u thrsxk` dksB Hh ugC thrsxk] nksukX gkF esjs gT
4 nksukX vksj ls 'fDr yxsxh4 dksB Hh ugC thrsxk4 nksukX gkF y\LXxs] vk,j mudh
y\LkB eX eT eWaxk4 D;kXfd mudh y\LkB eX esjh 'fDr u‘I gksxh4 cgqr tkuuk
tWjh g, fd ge eu eX] bl }a} eX D;kX i\Ls gT` vk,j ;g }a} gh rks geX rks\Lrk
g,] fLIksfjSI djrk g,4 /hjs7/hjs }a} vk,j dyg gekjs thou dks u‘I dj nsrs gT
4 euq‘; dk 'jhj rks cw\Pk gksuk ¬okHkfod g,] ysfdu eu blfyS cw\Pk gks tkrk
g, fd }a} ls f?j tkrk g,4 vü;Fk ftuds eu }a} ls ugC f?jrs] mudk eu lnk
;qok gksxk4 vk®ek ds cw\Ps gksus dk dksB Hh dkj< ugC g,4 'jhj ds cw\Ps gksus dk
dkj< g,4 dkj<] 'jhj cw\Pk gksxk4 ysfdu ftldk eu }a} ls f?jk g,] mldh v
k®ek Hh cw\Ph gksrh tkrh g,4 vk,j ijek®ek vk,j l®; dks tkuus ds fyS ;qok eu
pkfgS] lrst] ltx] ¬o¬F vk,j ¬oπN psruk pkfgS4 gekjh psruk v¬oπN gks
tkrh g,] }a}xz¬r gks tkrh g,4 vk,j ge ns[X] ;g eT vkils dg jgk gwa] fdlh fl
0kar dh ckr ugC dg jgk gwa] u fdlh 'k¬_ dh ckr dg jgk gwa4 tks eu eX g
ksrk g, fujarj] mu rƒ;kX dh ckr dg jgk gwa4 eT tks dg jgk gwa] mls ekuus dh
tWjr ugC g,4 vius eu dks ns[X4 fdlh 'k¬_ eX [kstus dh tWjr ugC g,] fd
lh dh xokgh ysus dh tWjr ugC g,4 c,OX Fks\Lk Sdkar eX] vius eu dks ns[X] D;
k vkidk eu }a}xz¬r g, vk,j ;fn }a}xz¬r g, rks vki vius eu ds nqæeu g, vk,j
vkidk eu /hjs7/hjs cw\Pk gksrk tkSxk] 'fDr'kyh gksrk tkSxk] IwIrk tkSxk4
fGj ßls eu dks ysdj ijek®ek ds }kj ij d,ls tkbSxk` ;g eu rks vkidks c
gqr uhps j[sxk4 ;g D;kX g, f¬Ffr eu dh` ;g }a} dk dkj< D;k g,` bl }a}
ds ihNs cqfu;knh vk/kj D;k g,` D;k dkj< g, fd ge }a} eX gh i,nk gksrs gT vk,
j }a} eX gh lekîr gks tkrs gT` dqN dkj< g,4
igyh ckr3vk,j bu dkj<kX dks ge Ohd ls ns[X4 vkt rks eT bu dkj<kX dh gh
ppkZ dWaxk vk,j dy buls eqDr gksus dh4 dk,u7ls dkj< geX ?sjs gqS gT` igyk
tks eq>s fn[k;h i\Lrk g,] og ;g g, fd ge thou eX vius vuqHo ls] vius t
hou ds fujarj fodkl ls rƒ;kX dks ns[rs ugC] oju ijaijk ls rƒ;kX dks vk,j fl
0karkX dks ¬ohdkj dj ysrs gT4 rc ijaijk geX dqN ckrX crkrk g,4 bu nksukX ds
chp dyg mif¬Fr gks tkuh fcydqy ¬okHkfod g,4 bu nksukX ds chp fojks/ mi

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
f¬Fr gks tkuk ¬okHkfod g,4 ge thou dh lh/h le¬;k dks [qn dHh ugC ns[
rs4 gekjh vka[X ges'k ijaijk ds in∆ ls phtkX dks ns[rh gT4 Sd NksIh7lh dgkuh
dgwa rks le> eX vkS4
Sd jktk dk othj ej x;k rks mls vius lkjs jk†; eX Sd cqf0eku vkneh [ks
tuk Fk tks othj dh txg fu;qDr fd;k tk lds4 c\Lk jk†; Fk] cgqr cqf0eku
Fs vk,j lcls c\Ls cqf0eku dh [kst djuh Fh4 mlus cgqr7lh ijh{kvkX dh ø;
o¬Fk dh4 varrA cgqr7lh ijh{kvkX dks ikj djrs7djrs rhu ø;fDr pqus xS Fs4
vc mu rhukX ø;fDr;kX eX vafre fu<kZ;d ijh{k gksuh Fh vk,j Sd pquk tkSx
k vk,j og jktk dk othj gks tkSxk4 og ml jk†; dk lcls c\Lk léeku Fk4
os rhukX ø;fDr viuh ps‘Ik eX yxs gkXxs4 ftl fnu vafre ijh{k gksuh Fh mlds
Sd fnu igys lkjs uxj eX vGokg m\L x;h fd dy jktk mudks Sd ßls Hou
eX can dj nsxk ftleX Sd gh njoktk g, vk,j ml njokts ij Sd ßlk rkyk
yxk;k x;k gT3ml le; dh tks bathfu;Vjx Fh] ml le; dh tks ;a_ fo|k Fh
] ml le; ds tks xf<rK Fs] mügkXus c\Lh dksf'' djds ml rkys dks cuk;k g,4
og rkyk xf<r dh Sd igsyh dh Hkafr g,4 tks ø;fDr xf<r eX izHko'kyh gks
xk] ogh ø;fDr ml rkys dks [ksyus dh rjdhc [kst djsxk4 tks ml rkys dks
[ksydj ckgj vk tkSxk] ogh othj gks tkSxk4
¬oHkorA Fk] lkjs uxj eX vGokg G,yh4 mu rhukX ø;fDr;kX us Hh lquh4 mueX
ls nks Gk,ju xS] mügkXus bathfu;Vjx dh fdrkcX [jhnh] xf<r dh fdrkcX [jhnh
4 rkykX ds laca/ eX tks dqN Hh fy[k gqvk Fk mudks bdØk fd;k jkrHj4 os m
udks i\Prs jgs vk,j igsfy;ka lqy>krs jgs4 vk,j nksukX g,jku jgs] og tks rhljk vk
neh Fk] jkr7Hj vkjke ls lk,;k jgk4 le>k fd ;g ikyx g,4 mu nksukX us le
>k fd ikxy g,4 dy ;g D;k djsxk` lkspk fd blus le>k gks fd ;g vGokg
g,] ysfdu ;g dgC vxj l®; gqvk rc` vius gkF ls ek,dk [ks jgk g,4 lqcg
os rhukX jktegy xS4 nks rks bu xf<r ls Hj xS Fs] jkrHj tkxdj mügkXus x
f<r fd;k Fk4 muls vxj dksB dgrk] nks vk,j nks fdrus gksrs g, rks os ?c\Lk t
krs4 xf<r bruk †;knk fnekx eX gks rks nks vk,j nks tks\Luk Hh dfOU gks tkrk
g,4 ¬okHkfod g,] xf<r vxj fnekx eX de gks rks nks vk,j nks tks\Ls tk ldrs gT
4 xf<r vxj cgqr †;knk gks rks nks vk,j nks dks tks\Luk dfOu gks tkrk g,4
muds i,j Hh Ohd ugC i\Lrs Fs] vka[X uCn ls Hjh FC4 jkrHj dh csp,uh] ?cjk
gI4 jktegy igqap4 ij rhljk vkneh ek,t ls xhr xkrk gqvk jktegy igqapk4

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
¬oHkorA tks jkr Hj lks;k gks og lqcg xhr xk ldrk g,4 egy igqaps4 jktk us
rks fufæpr gh3vGokg lp Fh] mudks Sd egy eX can dj fn;k x;k vk,j m
l ij Sd rkyk yxk gqvk Fk4 ml rkys ij xf<r ds vad cus gqS Fs4 rc rks
os nksukX izlU gqS fd bl rhljs dks vc irk pysxk fd jkr7Hj 'kafr ls lksus
dk D;k eryc gksrk g,4 ysfdu og vthc Fk4 os nksukX rks dqN fdrkcX Hh vius
[hlkX eX] di\LkX ex fNikdj ys xS Fs fd oDr7csoDr tWjr i\L tkS rks os
muls ns[ yXxs4 mügkXus rks t¥nh ls viuh fdrkcX fudkyh4 mudks [cj dj nh x
;h] jktk us dgyok fn;k fd rkyk [ksydj tks ckgj fudy tkSxk] ogh othj
cu tkSxk4 os nksukX rks t¥nh viuh fdrkcX [ksydj dkxt ij fglkc yxkus eX
yx xS] rkys ds vadkX dks ns[us eX yx xS4 og rhljk vkneh vka[ can djds
fGj c,Os x;k4 fufæpr gh og gkj x;k Fk] D;kXfd vc mldks D;k [ksyus dks
g,` rks mu nksukX us lkspk fd 'k;n mlus izfr;ksfxrk gh Nks\L nh g,4 og dqN lks
p Hh ugC jgk Fk] dqN fglkc Hh ugC yxk jgk FK] og flGZ vka[ can fdS
c,Ok Fk4 mlds psgjs ls Hh ekywe ugC i\Lrk Fk fd og dqN lksp jgk g,4 os nks
ukX rks r¥yhu gks xS4 OaLh lqcg Fh] f[\Lfd;kX ls OaLh gokSa vkrh FC] ysfdu
muds rks ekFX ls ilhuk pw jgk Fk] os rks vius xf<r eX yxs gqS Fs4 og vkne
h /hjs ls vpkud mOk4 ckgj x;k4 njokts ij x;k4 gTfLy ij mlus gkF ?qek;
k] g,jku gks x;k] njoktk [qyk gqvk Fk4 njoktk yxk gqvk ugC Fk4 mlus gTfL
y dks ?qek;k vk,j njoktk gIk;k] njoktkr [qyk gqvk Fk4 og pqipki ckgj f
udy x;k4 os tks nksukX c,Os Fs mügX irk Hh ugC pyk fd vc dejs eX rhu ugC
gT] nks gh cps gT4 Sd vkneh ckgj fudy x;4 mudks irk rc pyk tc jktk
dks ysdj og vkneh okil yk,Ik4 vk,j jktk us dgk] viuk fglkc can djks] v
iuh fdrkcX can djks4 ftldks fudyuk Fk] og ckgj fudy pqdk g,4 rqeus igy
h ckr gh ugC lksph fd le¬;k g, Hh ;k ugC` rqeus igyh ckr gh ugC fopkjh
fd rkyk yxk gqvk g, ;k ugC yxk gqvk g, vk, jrqe rkys ds laca/ eX [kstchu
djus eX lay≈u gks xS4
Vtnxh dh igyh le¬;k ;g g, fd ge le¬;k dks ns[X fd og g, ;k ugC` ysfd
u blds igys fd ge le¬;k dks ns[X] lek/ku gekjs eu eX ijaijk fcOky nsrh
g,4 ge muds Mgkiksg eX i\L tkrs gT4 ge rkys [ksyus dk fopkj djus yxrs gT]
d,ls [ksyX` vk,j 'k¬_ v÷;;u djus yxrs gT fd d,ls rkyk [ksyk tkS` vk,j
iπphl 'k¬_ gT vk,j iπphl laiznk; gT vk,j iπphl fojks/h yksx gT vk,j muds M
gkiksg eX gekjk lkjk ef¬r‘d tjkth<Z gks tkrk g,4 thou eX le¬;k D;k g,] vk,
j g, Hh ;k guC] bls ns[us dk lkgl djus okys cgqr Fks\Ls ls yksx gksrs gT4 vk,j
tks yksx mOdj thou dh le¬;kdks lh/k ns[rs gT] chp eX 'k¬_kX dks] ijaijkv
kX dks] fl0karkX dks ugC ysrs] mügkXus vDlj ik;k g, fd thou dh le¬;kSa os ug
C gT] tks 'k¬_ dh le¬;kSa gT4 thou dh igsfy;ka os ugC gT] tks xf<r dh igsf

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
y;ka gT4 thou cgqr ljy g,] vxj fpR 'k¬_kX eX Hkjxz¬r gks6 vxj fpR ijai
jk vk,j I≠sLh'al ls hjk gqvk u gks4 Vtnxh cgqr ljy g,4 'k;n ml ij dksB rk
yk ugC yxk gqvk g,4 'k;n }kj vIdk g, vk,j /Ddk nsus ls [qy tkSxk4
igyh ckr tWjh g, fd ge thou dh le¬;kvkX dks lh/k yX] ctkS blds fd g
e 'k¬_kX dks id\L yX4 Sd ø;fDr esjs ikl vkrk g,] og dgrk g,] eq>s 'kafr p
kfgS4 D;k eT jke7jke tiwa] rks 'kafr feysxh` og rkyk [ksyus eX yx x;k4 m
lus eku fy;k fd jke7jke u tius ls v'kafr i,nk gqB g,4 jke7jke tius ls rk
yh yx tkSxh vk,j rkyk [qy tkSxk4 mlus ;g fGdj ugCdh fd v'kafr g, d
gka` g, rks D;k g,` v'kafr dh Ghdj ugC dh] 'kafr d,ls vkS] rkyk d,ls [qys]
bldh dksf'' eX yx x;k4 Sd vkneh nq[h g,] ihf\Lr g,] og iwNrk g,] eT Bæ
oj dks d,ls ikMa` mls Bæoj ls dksB iz;kstu ugC g,4 'k¬_ dgrs gT tks Bæoj
dks ik ysrk g,] mls 'kafr feyrh g,] nq[ foyhu gks tkrk g,4 og nq[h g, blfy
S og lksprk g, fd eT Bæoj dks d,ls ikMa` og 'k¬_kX eX [kstus pyk tkrk g,4
tc fd lpkB ;g g, fd Bæoj ds feyus ls fdlh dks 'kafr ugC feyrh4 ftls
'kafr fey tkrh g,] mls Bæoj tWj fey tkrk g,4 tc fd lpkB ;g g, fd fd
lh ds Hhrj v'kafr gks rks og Bæoj dk yk[ uke tis] 'kafr ugC fey ldrh4
ysfdu tks viuh v'kafr dks le>dj mlls eqDr gks tkrk g,] mls Bæoj tWj
fey tkrk g,4 vkf[j Bæoj dks ikus ds fyS 'kar eu dh Hwfe pkfgS4 v'kar
eu d,ls Bæoj dks ik ldsxk` ysfdu ge3v'kar eu gksrk g, rks Bæoj dks [kst
us pys tkrs g,4 le¬;k dks ugC njs[rs] lek/ku dh dksf'' 'qW dj nsrs gT4
thou dh cqfu;knh HwykX eX Sd g, tks eu dks }a} eX Lky nsrh g,3le¬;k dks [ks
tX] lek/ku dks ugC4 le¬;k gh eg®oiw<Z g,] lek/ku eg®oiw<Z ugC g,4 vk,j v
xj nqfu;k ds yksx le¬;kSa [kstX rks le¬;kSa gy gks ldrh gT4 ysfdu nqfu;k ds
yksx lek/ku [kstus gT] fGj lek/ku id\L ysrs gT4 fGj ;s lek/ku u;h le¬
;kSa ys vkrs gT] iqjkus le¬;kSa lekîr ugC gksrC4 gj lek/ku u;h le¬;k i,nk
dj nsrk g,4 dksB Vgnw g,] dksB t,u g,] dksB eqlyeku g,] dksB ck,0 g,3bu lkjs
yksxkX us lek/ku id\L fyS gT4 vxj ;s le¬;kSa [kstrs3nqfu;k eX vkneh gksrs3
u dksB Vgnw gksrk ] u dksB t,u gksrk] u dksB eqlyeku gksrk4 ;s le¬;kvkX dks
id\L fyS gqS yksx gT4 rks tc Sd le; lek/ku dks id\L ysrs gT rks ;s nwljs
ls y\LrsgT fd rqégkjk lek/ku xyr g,] esjk lek/ku lgh g,4 blfyS ugC fd b
udks nwljs ds lek/kju xyr gksus ls dksB iz;kstu g,4 bügX gj Hkafr vius dks fo
æokl fnykuk g, fd esjk lek/ku lgh g,4 vk,j ;s foæokl lHh fnyk ldrs gT t
c ;s nwljkX ds] lcds Hhrj lek/kukX ds xyr dgus dk tksj7'ksj ls izpkj djX4
rc bügX foæokl vkSxk fd gekjk lek/ku lgh g,4 budk lek/ku u;h le¬;
kSa [\Lh dj nsrk g,4

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
nqfu;k ds /ek˜ us dksB le¬;kSa lekîr ugC dh] u;h le¬;kSa [\Lh dj nh gT4
vxj nqfu;k ls /eZ lekîr gks tkS] euq‘; dh ipkl izfr'r le¬;kSa muds lk
F pyh tkSxh4 mldh y\Lkb;ka] mlds fojks/]mlds la?"Z] mldh nokyX] mlds
eafnj vk,j ef¬tn] mlds 'k¬_] mlds iafLr] mlds lk/q] ;g lkjk mi–o foyh
u gks tkSxk4 ysfdu cqfu;knh ckr dgka g,` cqfu;knh ckr ogka g, fd D;k ge l
ek/ku [kstrs gT] ;k le¬;k [kstrs gT` vxj ge lek/ku [kstrs gT rks ge le
¬;k ls iyk;u [kst jgs gT] S¬dsi [kst jgs gT4 Sd vkneh ds Hhrj Vglk gksrh
g, rks ok;yXl gksrh g,] fpR eX ∂ks/ gksrk g,4 Vglk gksrh g, rks og mlls ihf\Lr
gksrk g,] ijs'ku gksrk g,] D;kXfd Vglk fdlh dks lq[ ugC ns ldrh g,4 ∂ks/ fd
lh dks 'kafr ugC ns ldrk] }s" fdlh ds eu eX laxhr ugC yk ldrk4 blls ijs
'ku gksrk g,4 ijs'ku gksrk g,4 rks og lek/ku [kstus tkrk g,4 dksB dgrk g,]
vVgld gks tkvks rks lek/ku gks tkSxk4 ;g o,ls gh g, t,ls Sd chekj vkneh
dgC tkS vk,j dgs fd eT chekjh ls cgqr ijs'ku gwa vk,j Sd LkDIj mlls dgs
fd rqe ¬o¬F gks tkvks rks Ohd gks tkSxk4 rks ;g fdruk ikxyiu ekywe gksxk
2 LkDIj fdlh chekj dks dgs tkvks] ¬o¬F gks tkvks] lc Ohd gks tkSxk4 ugC]
LkDIj ;g ugC dgrk4 ysfdu /eZ LkDIj ;gh dgrs gT4 vxj Vglk g,] vVgld
gks tkvks] lcOhd gks tkSxk4 vxj chekj g, rks ¬o¬F gks tkvks4
LkDIj chekjh dks [kstrs gT6 ¬o¬F gks tkvks ;g ugC dgrk4 chekjh D;k g,] dg
ka g,] D;kX g,] ml chekjh dks [kstrk g, vk,j ml chekjh dks] chekjh ds Hhrj
mlds nwj djus ds mik; [kstrk g,4 vc chekjh ugC jg tkrh rks ¬ok¬ƒ; miyç
/ gks tkrk g,4 chekj ds fojks/ eX ¬ok¬ƒ; ugC feyrk g,] chekjh ds vHko eX ¬
ok¬ƒ; miyç/ gksrk g,4 Vglk ds fojks/ eX dksB vkneh vVgld gks ldrk4 tc V
glk ugC jg tkrh rks vVglk vius7vki miyç/ gksrh g,4 ysfdu gekjs Hhrj Vg
lk gksrh g,] ge vVglk eX mik; [kstrs gT4 gekjs Hhrj ∂ks/ gksrk g,] ge {ek
eX mik; [kstrs gT4 vk,j ∂ks/ vkneh dh {ek dk D;k ew¥; g,` gekjs Hhrj y
ksH gksrk g, rks ge ®;kx eX mik; [kstrs g,4 ysfdu yksHh vkneh ds ®;kx dk D
;k ew¥; g,` tks vkneh yksHh g,] mlds ®;kx ds ihNs dksB u dksB yksH dke d
jrk g,3¬oxZ ikus dk yksH] eks{ ikus dk yksH] ijek®ek dks ikus dk yksH4 ysfd
u yksHh vkneh ds ü;k; ds ihNs yksH ek,twn gksxk6 D;kXfd yksHh ®;kx d,ls dj
ldrk g,` og rks tks Hh djsxk] mlds ihNs yksH gksxk] dqN ikus dh vkdka{k g
ksxh4 blfyS nqfu;k eX cgqr7ls yksHh ®;kxh gks tkrs gT4 ns[rs gT fd bl txr eX
yksH dkGh ugC g,4 mudk yksH fo¬rh<Z g,] vk,j c\Lk g,] nwj vkdk' rd tkrk
g,] eks{ rd tkrk g,] ¬oxk˜ rd tkrk g, rks lc Nks\Lus dks jkth gks tkrk gT4
Sd eqlyeku [yhGk gqvk] cgqr ∂ks/h Fk] cgqr nq‘I Fk] cgqr Vgld o1fR dk
Fk4 Sf fnu mlus vius dqN fe_kX dks vius tüe fnu ij Hkstu ds fyS cqyk;
k4 mlds xqyke ls] Hwy ls mlds xqyke ds gkF ls xeZ Fkyh mlds i,j ij fxj

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
i\Lh ijkslrs oDr4 lc esgeku le> xS fd vc flok; bldh e1®;q ds vk,j dq
N gksus okyk ugC g,4 ml [yhGk us Hh ryokj [Cp yh4 xqyke Hh le> fd;k
fd ejus ds flok; vc dksB mik; ugC g,4 og FjFj dkaius yxk4 ;gh ltk g
ks ldrh Fh bl vkneh dh fd bldh xnZu vyx dj nX] blus Hwy ls Fkyh MI
j fxjk nh4 burk gh ∂ks/h Fk4 ysfdu ejrk D;k u djrk2 ml xqyke us dqjku
dh Sd vk;r dgh4 mlus dgk fd /ü; gT os] tks ∂ks/ ugC djrs4 ml [yhGk
us viuh ryokj Hhrj dj yh4 mlus dgk] eq>s ∂ks/ ugC g,4 gkykafd tc ml
us dgk fd eq>s ∂ks/ ugC g,] rks mlds opukX eX Hh Hkjh ∂ks/ Fk4 mlds fe_
g,jku gqS 4 ;g vkæp;Ztud ckr Fh4 mu lcds fny iz'alk ls Hj xS4 [yhGk
us pkjkX rjG ns[k] og Hh [q' gqvk4 xqyke us vk;r dk nwljk fg¬lk i\Pk vk,
j mlus dgk] /ü; gT os] tks {ek dj nsrs gT4 ml [yhGk us dgk] tkvks eTus rq
égX {ek fd;k4 ml xqyke us vk;r dk vafre fg¬lk dgk4 mlus dgk fd /ü;
gT os] ijek®ek mügC dks miyç/ gksxk] ftuds Ôn; eX izse ls ifjiw<Z gT4 ml [
yhGk us dgk] u eTus dsoy rqégX {ek fd;k] ;s gtkj QiS Hh yks] eTus rqégX xq
ykeh ls eqDr fd;k4 lkjs fe_kXus tksj ls rkfy;ka ctk;h4 vk,j dgk fd vki br
us vyk,fdd /k√ed ø;fDr gT] ftldk geX irk ugC Fk4
;g vkneh l¬rs eX ¬oxZ ik x;k g,3Sd xqyke dks NqIdkjk nsus ls4 Sd gtkj Q
i;k Nks\L nsus eX ;g eks{ dk ekfyd gks x;k4 og ∂ks/h g,] vxj {ek djus ls
¬oxZ feyrk g, rks ;g {ek djus dks jkth g,4 ;g yksHh g,] vxj gtkj QiS v
k,j xqyke dks Nks\L nsus ls] izse izdI djus ls ijek®ek dk î;kjk gks ldrk g, rks
mlds fyS r,;kj g,4 gekjk eu bldh iz'alk djsxk] ysfdu ;g vkneh ogh dk
g ogh g,] bleX dksB GdZ ugC gqvk4 ;g ogh dk ogh vkneh g,4 ∂ks/h {ek djs
xk] mlds [ek ds fHhrj Hh dqN ∂ks/ ek,twn gksxk4 yksHh ®;kx djsxk] mlds ®
;kx ds Hhrj Hh yksH ek,twn gksxk] D;kXfd tks gekjk eu g,] ge ml eu ls gh
rks dqN djXxs` og eu tks djsxk mlls ek,twn jgsxk4 Sd vgadkjh ø;fDr fouh
r gks tkS] dgus yxs] eT uk dqN gwa rks mlds uk dqN gksus eX Hh mldk vgadkj
ek,twn jgsxk4 Sd vgadkjh ø;fDr u≈u gks tkS] lkjs o¬_ ®;kx ns] mldh u≈u
rk eX Hh mldk vgadkj ek,twn jgsxk4 lk/q7laü;klh vdkj< gh ∂ks/h ugC gksrs
gT] lk/q7laü;klh vdkj< gh vgadkj xz¬r ugC gksrs gT4 og lc vgadkjxz®l eu
dh gh izf∂;kSa gT vk,j blfyS dksB varj ugC i\Lrk g,4 cqfu;knh ;g gekjh le
¬;k dks Nks\Ldj lek/ku [kstus dh dksf'' g, ;g [rjukd g,4 ;g ¬o;a dks /ks
[k nsus dh rjdhc g,4 loky lek/ku dk ugC g,] loky le¬;k dk g,4 esjh l
e¬;k D;k g,` esjh Vtnxh dh le¬;k D;k g,` vk,j vki lksprs gkXxs fd le¬;kSa
rks lc fy[h gqS gT 'k¬_kX eX] ogh le¬;kSa gT4 os Hh gks ldrh gT] vkidh l
e¬;kSa u gkX4 D;k lp eX Bæoj dks [kstuk vkidh le¬;k g,` D;k lp eX vk®
ek dks [kstuk vkidh le¬;k g,` D;k lp eX eks{ tkuk vkidh le¬;k g,` gks

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
ldrk g, ;g dksB Hh vkidh le¬;kSa u gkX4 vk,j eT ugC le>rk fd ;s vkidh
le¬;kSa gT4 vkidh le¬;kSa gkXh4 fd eu eX ∂ks/ g,] nq[ g,] ?1<k g,] Vglk g,]
B‘;kZ g,] izfr;ksfxrk g,] tyu g,4 ;s gekjh le¬;kSa gT4 dksB vk÷;kf®ed le¬;
k fdlh euq‘; dh ugC g,] lHh euq‘; dh le¬;k ekufld gT] lkbdksykftd gT4
¬izhπ;qvy fdlh dks dksB le¬;k dHh ugC gksrh g,4 ¬izhπ;qvy lek/ku gksrs gT]
le¬;kSa ges'k lkbdksykftdy gksrh g,4 le¬;kSa ges'k ekufld gksrh gT] lek/
ku ges'k vkf®ed gksrs gT4 vk,j tks ekufld le¬;kvkX dks lqy>k ysrs gT mügX v
kf®ed lek/ku miyç÷ gks tkrs gT4 vk÷;kf®ed le¬;k fdlh Hh euq‘; dh u d
Hh gqB g, vk,j u gksrh g,4
ysfdu vxj ge 'k¬_kX dks i\Pus eX tkSaxs rks egX Kkr gksxk fd le¬;kSa ;s gT f
d Bæoj g, ;k ugC` le¬;k ;g g, fd vk®ek g, ;k ugC` le¬;k ;g g, fd iqu
tZüe gksrs gT ;k ugC` le¬;k ;g g, fd Û‘Ik us dHh l1f‘I cuk;h ;k ugC` le
¬;k ;g g, fd Hxoku ds fdrus psgjs gksrs gT` le¬;k ;g g, fd Hxoku vkdkj
okyk g, fd fujkdkj okyk g,` ;s le¬;kSa gT4 ;s le¬;kSa FksFh le¬;kSa gT] t
ks vkidh le¬;kSa ugC gT4 ;s fdlh iafLr dh le¬;kSa gkXxh] fdlh fGykslGj d
h le¬;kSa gkXxh4 ftls thou [jkc djus dh lqfo/k gks] mlds fyS le¬;kSa gkX
xh4 thou dh ;s le¬;kSa ugC gT4 ysfdu vxj bu le¬;kvkX dks ge id\L yX r
ks gekjh ewy le¬;kSa Sd rjG i\Lh jg tkrh gT] gekjh ewy chekfj;ka Sd rj
G i\Lh jg tkrh gT vk,j ge >wOh vk,j FksFh chekfj;ka ds my>ko eX i\L tkrsgT4
ge rkys dks [ksyus dh dksf'' djus yxrs gT ogka] tgka fd rkyk yxk gqvk u
gC g,4
rks eT kvils fuosnu djuk pkgwa] eu blfyS }a} ls Hjk g, fd mlus viuh cqfu
;knh le¬;kvkx dks Sd rjG j[ Nks\Lk g, vk,j ßlh FksFh vk,j >sOh vk,j ehVu
xysl le¬;kvkX dks id\L fy;k g, tks fd o¬rqrA fdlh euq‘; dh le¬;kSa u d
Hh jgh gT] u gT] vk,j u gks ldrh g,4 vki [qn gh lkspX4 vkidh le¬;k Bæoj
dks ikuk dgka g,` vkids izk<kX eX dgka Bæoj dk dksB loky g,` dgka vkidh ;
g le¬;k g, fd Bæoj us nqfu;k dc cuk;h` dgka vkidk ;g loky g, fd vk®
ek dk iqutZüe gksrk g, ;k ugC` ugC] vkidh ;s le¬;kSa ugC gT4 vkidh le¬;
kSa nwljh gT vk,j bu le¬;kvkX ds ihNs Hh vkidh os gh cqfu;knh le¬;kSa [\Lh
gT4
Sd vkneh vkrk g, vk,j iwNrk g,] vk®ek vej g, ;k ugC` fn[k;h i\Lrk g, f
d mldh le¬;k ;gh g, fd og vk®ek dh vejrk ds laca/ eX iwNuk pkgrk g,4
ysfdu ;g mldh vlyh le¬;k ugC g,4 vlyh le¬;k mldh ;g g, fd ejus
ls Ljrk g,4 vlyh le¬;k mldh ;g g, fd fG;j] ejus dk H; mldh le¬;k
g,4 gkykafd og ßlk ugC iwNrk fd eT ejus ls Ljrk gwa4 og iwNrk g,] D;k vk®
ek vej g,` GdZ lef>S nksukX eX4 vxj og ;g iwNs fd eq>s e1®;q ls H; ekyw

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
e gksrk g,] eT D;k dWa` ;g vlyh le¬;k gksxh] bldk dksB gy gks ldrk g,4
ysfdu og iwNrk g,] D;k vk®ek vej g,` ;g udyh le¬;k g,4 bldk dksB g
y ugC gks ldrk4 dksB dgsxk] vk®ek vej g,4 dksB dgsxk] vk®ek vej ugC g,
4 dksB dgsxk fd vk®ek gksrh gh ugC g,4 dksB dgsxk] vk®ek ds laca/ eX ;g4 v
k®ek ds laca/ eX iπphl 'k¬_ gT4 og Mgkiksg eX i\L tkSxk4 vk,j mldks tks H
; Fk ejus dk] og Hhrj ek,twn cuk jgsxk] og dgka tkSxk` vki fdlh Hh '
k¬_ dks eku yX] vk®ek vej dgus okys 'k¬_ dks eku yX] vk®ek u vej dgus
okys 'k¬_ dks eku yX] ysfdu e1®;q dk H; dgka tkSxk` og rks Hhrj c,Ok j
gsxk4 le¬;k Sd rjG c,Oh jgsxh] lek/ku nwljh rjG bdØs gksrs pys tkSaxs4
rc thou eX }a} i,nk gks tkSxk4 lek/ku dqN dgXxs] le¬;k dqn dgXxh4
Sd vkneh iwNrk g,] lkdkj g, Bæoj ;k fujkdkj g,` yxrk g, fd c\Lh Maph]
e,IkfGftdy le¬;k g,4 mldh c\Lh Maph le¬;k g,4 og Hh le>rk g, fd esjh
dksB NksIh7eksIh le¬;k ugC g,4 mldh le¬;k vly eX e,IkfGftdy ugC g,4 m
ldh le¬;k dqN vk,j g,4 mldh le¬;k ;g g, fd Bæoj ls esjk dksB laca/ gks
ldrk g, ;k ugC` Bæoj dks eT izse dj ldrk gwa ;k ugC` Bæoj vxj lkdkj
gks rks eT izse dj ldrk gwa4 Bæoj esjh lqusxk ;k ugC` vxj og lkdkj g, rks
esjh lqu ldsxk] esjh izkFZuk lqu ldsxk] esjh dkeukvkX dh iw√r dj ldsxk ;k u
gC` vk,j vanj ?qlX rks Kkr gksxk] mlds thou eX Ì¬I≠s'u g,4 mlds thou eX t
ks mlus pkgk] og iwjk ugC gks ldk4 tks mlus ekaxk og ugC feyk4 blfyS og
iwNrk g,] D;k dksB Bæoj g,` ftlls eT og ugC feyk4 blfyS og iwNrk g,] D
;k dksB Bæoj g,` ftlls eT ekaxwa rks fey lds6 ftlls eT izkFZuk dWa rks eq>s iz
kîr gks lds` eTus lGy gksuk pkgk Fk] vlGy gks x;k4 eT c\Ls in ij gksuk pk
gk Fk] c\Lk in eq>s ugCfey ldk4 eTus cgqr /u dekuk pkgk Fk] og /u eq>s
ugC vk ldk4 D;k dksB Bæoj g, tks esjh lgk;rk dj ldsxk` eT nq[h gwa] eT i
hf\Lr gwa4 D;k dksB Bæoj g, tks esjk NqIdkjk bl lkjs nq[ vk,j ih\Lk ls djk ld
rk g,`
og fdlh Bæoj dh ryk' eX g,] D;kXfd Hhrj og cgqr ?c\Lk x;k g,4 vdks g,]
og dksB lgkjk pkgrk g,4 mldh le¬;k g,] eT vdsyk gwa] eq>s dksB lgkjk pkf
gS4 fGj og lgkjk vusd WikX eX [kstrk g,4 gks ldrk g,] og Bæoj dks eku
ys vk,j mls lgkjk fey tkS4 gks ldrk g,] og Bæoj dks u ekus] og dé;qfu†e
dks eku ys vk,j mls lgkjk fey tkS4 gks ldrk g, og] dé;qfu†e dks u ekus
rks 'jkc ihus eX yxs vk,j mls lgkjk fey tkS4 gks ldrk g,] og dksB iπphl
jk¬rs fudky ldrk g,] tgka og vius vdsysiu ls NqIdkjk ikus dh dksf'' djs
xk4 vdsyk gwa] cslgkjk gwa] bls Hqyuk g,] bl f¬Ffr dks vius ls nwj gIkuk g,4 b
ldh fdlh rjg ¬e1fr ds ckgj dj nsuk g,4 mldh le¬;k D;k g,` mldh le¬
;k g,] og vdsyk g, vk,j vdsys gksus eX Lj jgk g,4 blfyS og fdlh dk lgkjk

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
pkgrk g,4 fdlh dk lgkjk pkgrk g,] fdlh loZ'fDr'kyh dk lgkj pkgrk g,4
rks g, Bæoj ;k ugC] ;g mldh le¬;k ugC g,4 mldh le¬;k g,] og vdsyk g,4
vk,j fcuk lgkjs ds jgus eX c\Lh vlqfo/k ekywe i\L jgh g,4 ;g gekjh Vtnxh
eX e,IkfGftd¥l izkçyél us] vk÷;kf®ed le¬;kvkX us euq‘; ds Hhrj }a} i,nk f
d;k g,4 euq‘; dh le¬;kSa eukso,Kkfud gT] lkbdksykftdy gT4 mldh le¬;kSa
cgqr vk,j gT4 vk,j tc le¬;k dqN gks vk,j ge le¬;k dks dqN vk,j le>rs gkX
rks ¬okHkfod g, fd gekjs Hhrj GwI i,nk gks tkS] gekjk ø;fDr /hjs7/hjs [afL
r gks tkS4
rks igyk rks fuosnu eT vkils ;g djuk pkgrk gwa fd fdlh euq‘; dh dksB vk÷
;kf®ed le¬;k ugC g,4 blhfyS ftu vk÷;kf®ed le¬;kvkX dks vkius id\L fy
;k g, muls dksB le¬;k gy ugC gqB g,4 ikap gtkj lky eX nqfu;k eX cgqr /eZ
gT] dk,u7lh le¬;k gy gks x;h g,` euq‘; de nq[h gks x;k g,] †;knk vkuafnr
gks x;k g,` ugC] dksB varj ugC i\Lk4 eafnj Sd gks xkao eX fd eafnj ikap gkX
xkao eX ikao ds fpR7f¬Ffr eX dksB GdZ ugC i\Lsxk4 Sd 'k¬_ gks fd gtkj 'k¬
_ gkX] eu t,lk g,] o,lk gh cuk jgsxk] mleX dksB GdZ ugC i\Lrk D;kXfd eu d
h ;g le¬;k ugC g,4 ysfdu ge bl ij y\Lrs gT] bl ij g®;kSa djrs gT4 mu
lek/kukX ij ge yr\Lrs gT] tks gekjh le¬;kA ugC gT4 vxj Sd eqlyeku dh
ef¬tn fxjk nh tkS rks eqlyeku y\Lus dks r,;kj g,4 vxj Sd Vgnw dk eafnj
IwI tkS rks Vgnw y\Lus dks r,;kj g,4 mu lek/kukX ds fyS og tku nsus dks r,;k
j g,] tks mldh le¬;kSa ugC gT4
vxj nqfu;k eX euq‘; dks ¬i‘I cks/ gks tkS fd esjh le¬;k D;k g, rks ;s /eZ
vk,j buds foHktu vk,j bues 'k¬_ vk,j budh y\Lkb;ka vius7vki foyhu gks l
drh gT vk,j ;s foyhu gksuh pfkgS4 c\Lk etk g, ;g4 D;k Sd eqlyeku dh l
e¬;k Sd Vgnw dh le¬;k ls vyx gks ldrh g,` D;k Sd t,u dh le¬;k Sd
BlkB fd le¬;k ls vyx gks ldrh g,` euq‘; dh le¬;kSa4 lkjs euq‘; dh le
¬;kSa fHU gT] lkjh nqfu;k eX Sd g,4 euq‘; euq‘; dh le¬;kSa ysfdu e,IkfGft
dy le¬;kSa vyx7vyx gT4 t,u dqN vk,j lksprk g,4 mlds fyS dksB Bæoj u
gC g,4 og mldh le¬;k ugC4 Vgnw ds fyS ;g le¬;k g, fd Bæoj g, ;k ugC`
t,u iqutZüe dks ekurk g,] mlds fyS iqutZüe dh le¬;k ugC g,4 Sd eqlyek
u ds fyS le¬;k g, fd iqutZüe g, ;k ugC g,` ugC g,4 ysfdu Sd Vgnw ds eu
dks id\Ls] Sd eqlyeku ds eu dks id\LX] Sd t,u ds eu dks id\LX4 D;k budh
le¬;kSa vyx gT` euq‘; dh le¬;kSa vyx ugC gT] ysfdu /ek˜ dh le¬;kSa
vyx gT4 fufæpr gh /ek˜ dh le¬;kSa >wO gkXxh4 lkjs euq‘; dh3pkgs og Vgnq¬
rku eX gks ;k pkgs phu eX] pkgs tkiku eX] pkgs dgC vk,j vÌhdk eX6 euq‘; dh
cqfu;knh le¬;kSa Sd gT4 og ekufld g,] og vk÷;kf®ed ugC g,4 tc rd ;g

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
rƒ; geX ¬i‘I u gkX] tc rd ge vius ckcr bl lπpkB dks lkG7lKG u l
e> yX fd gekjh le¬;k D;k g,] rc ge tks Hh djXxs] ge tks Hh djXxs] geX v
k,j dü©;wftu eX ys tkSxk vk,j mi–o eX ys tkSxk4 mlls dksB gy mlls dksB
eqfDr vlaHo g,4
igyh ckr g, rks ;g eT vkils dgwa4 nwljh ckr eT vkils ;g dgwa] le¬;kSa bu
vk÷;kf®ed lek/kukX us i,nk dC] vk,j nwljh ckr] vkn'Z ijajkvkX us ¬Fkfir dj
fyS gT] mlus gekjh ;s le¬;kSa i,nk dj nC4 vkn'Z D;k gT` egkohj vkn'Z gT
] jke vkn'Z gT] Î‘< vkn'Z gT] cq0 vkn'Z gT4 vkn'Z dk eryc ;g g, fd ija
ijk gels dgrh g, fd rqe buds t,ls gkus dh dksf'' djuk4 ;s vkn'Z gT4 buds
t,ls cuuk4 buds t,ls cuuk4 ;s t,ls gT o,ls rqe cuuk4 blls lkjh nqfu;k eX S
d udy] Sd vfHu;] Sd ik[aL i,nk gqvk4 tc Hh dksB ø;fDr fdlh nwljs ø;
fDr t,lk cuuk pkgsxk] vfuok;Z Wi ls ik[aLh gks tkSxk4 vfuok;Z Wi ls4 blf
yS ik[aLh gks tkSxk fd Sd euq‘;] Sd ø;fDr o¬rqrA Ohd nwljs t,lk dHh u
cuk g, vk,j u dHh cu ldrk g,4 gj ø;fDr dh viuh ;wfud] viuh cstks\L l
Rk g,4
D;k vkidks irk g,] PkB gtkj o"k˜ eX egkohj t,lk ø;fDr nwljk ø;fDr D;kX u
gC cu ik;k` nks gtkj o"Z gks xS ∂kb¬i dks ejs] nks gtkj o"Z ls yk[kX yksx
muds t,ls cuus dh dksf'' djrs gT] nwljk vkneh ∂kb¬I D;kX ugC cuk` jke
dksB nwljk D;kX ugC cuk` jkeyhyk ds jkekX dks Nks\L nX4 jke dksB nwljk ø;fDr
D;kX ugC cu ldk` Î‘< dksB nwljk ø;fDr D;kX ugC cu ldk` Î‘<yhyk dh
ckr vyx g,4 jkeyhyk eX tks cu tkrs gT Î‘<] mudks Nks\L nX4 ysfdu lp ;g
g, fd dHh dksB euq‘; nwljs euq‘; t,lk Ohd ugC cu ldrk g,4 iz®;sd ø;fDr
dh viuh vf}rh; {erk g,] viuh vf}rh; izfrHk g,4 viuk vf}rh; ø;fDr®o
g,4 Sd i®Fj Hh vxj eT vkidks ns nwa vk,j dgwa fd tkS] nwljk i®Fj bl t,l
k [kst ykS4 bl c\Lh tehu ij ml t,lk nwljk i®Fj ugC [kstk tk ldrk4 v
laHo g,4 Sd t,ls nks i®Fj ds tc Iqd\Ls Hh ugC gksrs rks Sd t,lh nks psrukSa~~
~Sd t\L o¬rq Hh Sd ugCgksrh rks p,rü; t,lk thoar izokg Sd t,lk ugC gks l
drk g,4 ysfdu gex fl[k;k tk ldrk g, fd ge fdlh nwljs t,ls gks tkS4 xka/
h t,ls gks tkvks] egkohj t,ls gks tkvks] Gyka t,ls gks tkvks4
D;kX gks tkS` dksB ø;fDr fdlh nwljs t,lk D;kX gksuk pkgs` D;k ;g ?krd ugC
g,` vk,j tc ;g nwljs t,lk gksuk pkgsxk rks D;k gksxk` gksxk ;g] vius dks nc
kSxk] nwljs dk vks\Psxk4 egkohj dks vks\Psxk] cq0 dks vks\Psxk4 fdlh dks vks\Psxk v
ius Mij4 vius dks nckSxk4 vius ls ?1<k djsxk] nwljs dks izse djsxk4 vius dks
feIkSxk] nwljs dks ykSxk4 og viuk nqæeu gks tkSxk4 tks Hh ø;fDr fdlh d
ks vkn'Z ekurk g, og viuk '_q gks tkrk g,4 vk,j viuk '_q gksus ls }a} i,nk g
ksxk4 D;kXfd vlfy;r eX] eT rks eT gwa4 u eT egkohj gwa] u eT cq0 gwa] u gks ld

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
rk gwa4 u gksus dh dksB tWjr g,4 ysfdu tc eT egkohj gksuk pkgwaxk rks eT }a}
eX i\L tkMaxk4 esjs lkeus nks phtX gks tkSaxh3tks eT gwa vk,j tks egkohj gT4 mu
t,lk gksuk g, vk,j vius t,lk feIuk g,4 vius dks rks\Luk g,] gIkuk g,] mudks yk
uk g,4 rc rd dk¥ifud vkn'Z esjs izk< ysus yxsxk4 eT vius lkF rks\L7Gks\L eX
yx tkMaxk] vk®eVglk eX yx tkMaxk4 Sd rjg dh la?"Z dh vk,j }a} dh f¬F
fr i,nk gksxh ftleX vius dks feIkuk g,] vk,j vius izfr ?1<k i,nk gks tkSxh] da
Lseus'u i,nk gks tkSxk4 eT cwjk gwa vk,j egkohj vπNs gT4
loky ;g ugC g, fd dksB fdlh nwljs t,lk gks4 loky ;g g, fd iz®;sd ø;fDr
dks [kstX fd og D;k g, vk,j D;k gks ldrk g, fcuk fdlh nwljs dks chp eX fyS
4 loky ;g g, fd og viuh futrk dks [ksts viuh baLhohtqfyIh dks] vk,j fod
flr djs4 dksB fdlh nwljs t,lk gksus dks i,nk ugC gqvk g,4
¬ikIkZ eX Sd ckn'kg gqvk4 Sd vkneh dh [cj yk;h x;h fd Sd vkneh g,6
tks cqycqy t,lk xkrk g,] cqycqy t,lh ftldh vkokt g,4 mlus dgk NksLks4 eT cq
ycqykX dks lqu pqdk gwa4 bl vkneh dks ;gka ykus dh tWjr ugC g,4 ysfdu njck
jh ugC ekus4 lkjs ¬ikIkZ eX mldh b†tr Fh4 ml vkneh dks yksx lquus tkrs Fs4
;g fnj7jkr cqycqy dh vkokt cksyrs7cksyrs /hjs7/hjs vkneh dh vkokt cksy
uk Hwy Hh x;k Fk4 ysfdu tc yksx ugC ekus] ml vkneh dks yk;k x;k4 mlus
vkrs gh cqycqy dh vkokt 'qW dh4 ckn'kg us ddgk] cdokl can djks4 vkn
eh dks cqycqy t,lk gksuk 'ksHk ugC nsrk4 rqe vkneh gksus dks i,nk gqS gks4 ;g
rqels fdlus dgk fd rqe cqycqy gks tkvks` ijek®ek us dkGh cqycqyX cuk;h gT]
os xhr xk jgh gT4 vk,j eT cqycqykX ds xhr lqu pqdk gwa4 rqe rqe gksus dks i,nk
gqS gks4 rqe tkvks ;gka ls4 vk,j ftl fnu rqe viuh Hk"k cksyus yxks] ftl fn
u rqe viuso;fDr dh Hk"k vk,j xhr dks miyç/ gks tkvks] vkuk4 eT rqégkjk ¬
okxr dWaxk4
t,lk bl ¬ikIkZ ds ckn'kg us dgk Fk] ijek®ek Hh ;gh vkils dgsxk fd nwljs
dh Hk"k er cksyks] ckgj fudyks4 jke rks ?ql ldrs gT] jkeyhyk ds jke dh
dksB tWjr ugC g,4 ;g PkXx ugC pysxk4 vki vius t,ls gksus dks i,nk gqS gks] u
gC rks vkids gksus dh D;k tWrj g,` vkidk viuk ø;fDr®o g,] viuh psruk g,
4 mldks [ksftS4 vius ø;fDr®o dks [kstuk /eZ g,4 nwljs ds ø;fDr®o dh udy
djuk /eZ ugC g,4 ysfud ;s lc udyX izpfyr gT4 vk,j ijaijk fl[krh g, fd f
dlh nwljs t,ls gks tkvks4 ges'k fl[krh g,4 tc vki ugCgks ikrs rks D;k djXxs`
egkohj u≈u ?wers gT4 vkils dgk tkrk g,] vki Hh u≈u gks tkvks4 vki D;k d
jXxs` tc egkohj t,lh psruk vkidh ugC gks ikrh rks vki o¬_ rks Nks\L gh l
drs gT4 u≈u gksuk dksB dfOu ckr g,` Fks\Ls ls v˙;kl dh ckr g,4 o¬_ Nks\Ls tk
ldrs gT4 fGj o¬_ Nks\Ldj vki u≈u gks tkSaxs4 nwljkX dks Hze gksxk] vki Hh

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
egkohj gks xS4 vkidks Hh Hze gksxk] eT Hh egkohj gks x;k4 ysfdu uaxs gksus ls
dksB egkohj gksrk g,` egkohj ds Hhrj Sd funk∆"] bukslXl dh f¬Ffr i,nk gq
B4 egkohj 'kar gksrs7gksrs ml f¬Ffr eX xS tgka fpR iwjk bukslXI gks x;k4 br
uk bukslXI] t,ls NksIs cπps dk gksrk g,4 o¬_ dk cks/ u jgk4 egkohj us o¬_ N
ks\Ls ugC4 o¬_ dk vFZ u jgk4 o¬_ NwI xS4 og rks Hhrj Sd funk∆"rk dh f¬F
fr vk;h blfyS o¬_ NwI x;k4 vki D;k djXxs` vki rks u≈u gksuk pkgrs gT4
;g cπps fd fpR dk y{< g, tks u≈u gksuk pkgrk g,4 mlds Hhrj vaxkX ds fN
ikus dk cks/ g,4 ugC rks og u≈u gks tkrk4 gksuk D;kX pkgrk g,` tgka bGIZ g,]
ogka fpR funk∆" ugC g,4 vki rks ps‘Ik djXxs] iz;kl djXxs] dksf'' djXxs4
eT Sd fe_ dks tkurk gwa4 os fnxacj t,u lk/q gT4 igys cz‰pkjh Fs4 taxykX eX j
grs Fs4 ogka eT muls feyus x;k ftl >ksi\LX eX Fs] mldh f[\Ldh ls eTus ns[k]
os u≈u Igy jgs Fs4 rks rc rks os di\Ls igurs Fs4 eTus lkspk] D;k gqvk] fGj u≈
u dc gks xS` eTus njokts ij n¬rd nh4 njoktk [qyk rks os pnj yisIs gqS Fs
4 eTus muls dgk] vki vHh u≈u Fs] vkius pknj yisI yh` mügkXus dgk] eT v˙
;kl dj jgk gwa u≈u gksus dk4 vc blds ckn eq>s eqfu dh nh{k ysus dh r,;kjh
g, eqfur dh nh{k ysus dh r,;kjh gksrh g,] fizijs'u gksrh g,` t,ls dksB jaxWI r,
;kj gksrs gT fefyI≠h eX] o,lh r,;kjh g,` eqfu7nh{k dh r,;kjh dj jgk gwa4 u≈u j
guk gksxk4 vHh /hjs7/hjs vdsys eX u≈u jgrk gwa] fGj nks7pkj fe_kX eX u≈u jgwa
xk] fGj Fks\Lk xkao eX fudywaxk] fGj c\Ls 'gj eX fGj /hjs7/hjs v˙;kl ls~~~rks
eTus muls dgk fd ldZl eX Hrñ gks tkbS D;kXfd tks u≈urk ps‘Ik ls yk;h tkS
xh og ldZl dk uaxk vkneh cukrh g,] egkohj ugC cukrh g,4 tks ps‘Ik ls yk;
h tkSxh og ldZl eX ys tk ldrh g,4 og Sd vkjksfir] d¥IhosIsL ø;fDr®o gks
xk] >wOk ø;fDr®o gksxk4 mlds Hhrj dksB izk< ugC gkXxs4 og bukslXl dgka ls y
kbSxk` u≈u gksus ls dksB bukslXI gks ldrk g,` gka] bukslXI gksus ls dksB u≈u
tWj gks ldrk g,4 ysfdu cgqr fcydqy vyx ckr g,4 fcydqy vyx ckr g,4 f
cydqy gh fHU ckr g,4
ø;fDr Hhrj ls ckgj dh rjG vkrk g,] ¬ej< jf[S4 ckgj ls Hhrj dh rjG
ugC vkrk4 vk,j tks pht Hh Hhrj ls ckgj dh rjG ls yk;h tkrh g, og dk
jkx1g cu tkrh g,] og baIjxzsI gksrk g,4 vk,j gekjs lc vkn'Z ckgj ls Hhrj d
h rjG gh tk ldrs gT4 vkn'Z dHh Hhrj ls ckgj dh rjG ugC vk ldrk] v
kn'Z ges'k Hhrj ls ckgj dh rjG vkSxk4 ckgj gT egkohj] ckgj gT cq0] ck
gj gT Î‘<] mudh ge ns[rs gT] muls izHkfor gksrs gT4 izHkfor gksdj mu t,ls
gksus dh dksf'' eX yx tkrs gT4 muds t,ls di\Ls igurs gT] muds t,lk [kuk [k
rs gT4 os tc mOrs gT rks mOrs gT] os tc lksrs gT rks lksrs gT4 os t,lk djrs gT o,
lk gh ge djrs gT4 ;g rks bfL;kfId ekbaL dk y{< g,4 ;g t\Lcqf0 dk y{
< g,4 tks nwljs dh udy djrk g, og t\Lcqf0 g,4 mlds psruk ugC g,4 udy d

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
juk3ysfdu vkn'Z vk,j D;k g,` vk,j tc ;g udy pysxh] tks ftruk t\Lcqf0
gksxk og mruh t¥nh udy eX ifjiDo gks tkrk g,4 lpsru ø;fDr –ksg dj mOs
xk4 rc mls yxsxk fd ;g eT D;k lksp jgk gwa vius Mij` ;g D;k ew[ZrkSa eT
Fksis tk jgk gwa ftldk esjs izk<kX ls dksB laca/ ugC` mu ckrkX dks eT d,ls vi
us ij ykns tk jgk gwa`
Sd fe_ esjs ikl vkS vk,j mügkXus eq>ls dgk fd eT ekalkgkjh gwa4 'jkc Hh ih
rk gwa3c\Ls odhy gT3vkids ikl vkuk pkgrk Fk ysfdu ;g lkspdj ugC vk;k]
'k;n dgrs gkXxs fd igys 'jkc Nks\Lks] ekalkgkj Nks\Lks4 eTus dgk] os dksB vk,j u
kle> gkXxs tks dgrs gT4 vki xyrh eX Fs] ø;FZ vki Qds jgs4 mügkXus dgk] ;gh
rks gqvk4 dy Sd fe_ us dgk fd os rks dqN Nks\Lus dks ugC dgrs] blfyS eT f
géer djds vk;k gwa4 eTus muls dgk] eT rks ugC dgrk fd vki ekalkgkj Nks\LX4
eT rks ugC dgrk] vki 'jkc Nks\Lks] D;kXfd ;g loky ugC g,4 loky ;g g, fd
vki 'jkc D;kX ihrs gT` loky ;g Fks\Ls gh g, fd 'jkc vki Nks\Lks] loky ;g
g, fd vki 'jkc D;kX ihrs gT` fpR v'kar gksxk] nq[h gksxk] [qn dks Hqyuk pk
grk gksxk] blfyS 'jkc ihrs gT4 loky 'jkc dk fcydqy ugC g,4 loky ml f
pR dk g,] tks Hwyuk pkgrk g,4 eT mlds ckcr vkids dqN ppkZ dWa fd fpR
D;kX vkius dks Hwyuk pkgrk g, D;kX nq[h g,] D;kX }a} eX g,` muls eT ckr djrk
Fk4 /hjs7/hjs bu ckrkX dks mügkXus iz;ksx fd;k4 nks7rhu eghus ckn eX vkS vk,j
mügkXus eq>ls dgk] vkius eq>s /ks]k ns fn;k4 'jkc rks x;h4 vkius eq>s /ks[k f
n;k4 vkius eq>s igys D;kX ugC dgk` 'jkc rks x;h4 eTus vkids 'jkc ds ckcr
dHh dqN ugC dgk4 eT rks eu dh ml f¬Ffr ds ckcr vkils fopkj djrk Fk
] ftldh otu ls vkneh nq[h gksrk g, vk,j vius dks Hwyuk pkgrk g,4 og f¬Ff
r pyh x;h] 'jkc rks vius7vki pyh tkSxh4
ysfdu vkn'Z D;k fl[krk g,` vkn'Z fl[krk g, 'jkc er fi;ks4 vkn'Z Hj ug
C g,4 /eZ dgrk g,] 'jkc ihrs gks rks igpkuks] D;kX ihrs gks` [kstks fd }a} dgka
g, eu eX] ftls Hwyuk pkgrs gks` dk,u7lk Sa≈>kbIh g, tks csgks' gksus ds fyS
dgrh g,` ml Sa≈>kbIh dks le>ks] mldks tkus nks4 'jkc rks mlds ihNs g,] ml
ds lkF gh pyh tkSxh4
thou eX tks ifjorZu g,] og vkpj< ls 'qW ugC gksrk] og varl ls 'qW gksrk
g,4 varl cnyrk g,] vkpj< cnyrk g,4 ysfdu tks yksx varl dks fcuk cnys v
kpj< dks cnyus ex yx tkrs gT muds Hhrj }a} i,nk gks tkrk g,4 muds Hhrj
dkaf©yDI i,nk gks tkrh g,4 os nks vknfe;kX eXcaI tkrs gT4 Sd vkpj< okyk vk
neh g,3;gh rks ik[aL g,4 ik[aL vk,j D;k g,` /ks[k vk,j D;k g,` /ks[k ;g g, f
d eT nks rjg ds vkneh cu tkMa4 esjk Sd njoktk ihNs dks] Sd vkxs dks4 S
d rjG dk vkneh fn[kus ds fyS] nwljh rjg dk vkneh thus ds fyS4 rks fG
j /ks[k i,nk gks tkSxk4 vk,j og /ks[k] lkjs rykX ij izfo‘I gksrk tkrk g,4 /hjs

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
7/hjs4 vkn'Z }a} i,nk djus ds dkj< cus4 tWjr g, fd euq‘; dk eu vkn'Z ls
eqDr gks tkS4 og ¬i‘I ¬ej< djys fd eT vki t,lk gksus dks i,nk gqvk gqv4
eq>s [kstuk g, fd eT dk,u gwa] D;k gwa` eq>s [kstuk g, fd eT D;k gks ldrk gwa] es
jh D;k laHkouk g,` vk,j og nwljs dh udy Nks\L ns4 nwljs dh udy eX fopkj
djs] B‘;kZ g,4 nwljs dh udy eX daihIh'u g,4 vki daiIhfIo gT] B‘;kZyq gwa4 vki
ds Hhrj tyu g,4 vki egkohj t,ls D;kX gksuk pkgrs gT` blfyS fd egkohj v
kuan eX ekywe i\Lrs gT] 'kafr eX ekywe i\LrsgT4 blfyS eT Hh lka®ouk pkgrk gwa]
eT Hh vkuafnr gksuk pkgrk gwa4 eT Hh ekgohj t,lk cuwaxk4
NksIs7NksIs cπps ¬dwy eX i\Prs gT4 y\Ldk gksf';kj g,] og igys vkrk g,4 f'{d
mlls dgrs gT] bl t,ls cuks4 ;g tks igys vk;k g,4 rqe Hh igys vkvks4 izfr;ksf
xrk i,nk djhrk g,] B‘;kZ i,nk djrk g,4 nk,\L i,nk djrk g,] B‘;kZ dk †oj i,nk
djrk g,4 ml †oj eX cπps nk,\Lrs gT4 ysfdu cπps gh ugC] cw\Ps Hh †oj eX nk,\Lrs
jgrs gT4 egkohj ds ikl 'kafr g, rksge Hh egkohj t,ls gks tkS4 egkohj ds i
kl 'kafr ugC g,] ftlds ikl 'kafr g, og egkohj g,4 egkohj ds ikl 'kafr ugC
g,] ftlds ikl 'kafr g, og egkohj g,4 blfyS egkohj t,ls gksus dh fGdj Nks\
L nX4 'kar gks ldrs gT] bldk fopkj djX4 tks nwljs t,lk gksuk pkgsxk] og rks
ges'k v'kar jgsxk4 D;kXfd iwjs7iwjs vFk˜ eX dksB euq‘; egkohj t,lk dksB ugC g
ks ldrk g,4 vk,j tc ugC gks ikSxk rks v'kafr i,nk gksxh4 csp,uh i,nk gksxh] D;k
dWa D;k u dWa2 thou ø;FZ tkrk ekywe gksxk4
eT lk/qvkX dks feyrk gwa4 lk/q nqfu;k eX lokZf/d udy ilan yksx gT4 lcls †;kn
k I≠∑ dkih cuus dh ps‘Ik eX lay≈u jgrs gT4 lcls †;knk cqf0 dh t\Lrk ogka izf
o‘I gqB g,4 muls eT fujarj feyrk gwa] muls eT iwNrk gwa] fpR 'kar g,` os dg
rs gT] fpr 'kar ugC g,4 fpR 'kar gksxk d,ls` tks vkneh nwljs t,lk gksus dh d
ksf'' eX yxk g, og d,ls 'kar gksxk` 'kar gksrk g, ø;fDr] tc mlds [qn ds ø;f
Dr®o dh lkjh laHkoukSa ok¬rfod cu tkrh g,4 tc mlds Hhrj ds lkjs cht
o1{ cu tkrs gT vk,j mleX Gwy yx tkrs gT rks 'kafr vkrh g,] vkuan vkrk g,4
ysfdu SD vke dk o1{ g,] xqykc dk o1{ cuus eX yx tkS] Sd xqykc dk o1{
pesyh dk ik,/k cuus eX yx tkS] Sd pesyh dk ik,/k tqgh dk ik,/k gksus eX
yx tkS rks ik,/kX dh nqfu;k eX fdruh v'kafr ugC ø;kîr gks tkSxh2 vk,j D;k
gksxk` gksxk ;g fd xqykc dk ik,/k rks pesyh cu ugC ldrk3cu ugC ldrk4
ysfdu gka] vxj pesyh cuus dh nk,\L eX i\L tkS rks ;g gks ldrk g, fd xqykc
u cu ikS] ;g gks ldrk g,4 ;g gks ldrk g, fd nk,\L mls xqykc rks u gksus ns
] pesyh rks og dHh u gks ldsxk4
ø;fDr ¬o;a dks Nks\Ldj vü; dHh ugC gks ldrk4 gka] ;g gks ldrk g,] vü; gks
us dh dksf'' eX og ¬o;a gksus ls oafpr gks tkS4 ge lkjs yksx ¬o;a gksus ls laf
pr gks xS gT4 geus viuh vk®ek [ks nh g, vkn'k˜ ds dkj<] vuqlj< ds dkj<

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
4 ;g GkyksVcx tks g,] tgj g,4 fdlh euq‘; dk fdlh nwljs dk vuq;k;h gksuk v
uqxeu djuk] fdlh ds ihNs pyuk] fdlh ds t,ls gksus dh dksf'' djuk] blus
lkjs euq‘; dks] lkjh nqfu;k ds euq‘; dks ifrr fd;k g,4 t\Lxz¬r fd;k g,] blus
jksxxz¬r dj fn;k g,4 ge lc Hh ml jksx ls Hjs gqS gT4 vki 'kar ugC gks l
drs] fu}a} ugC gks ldrs tc rd vkn'Z vkils gI u tkS4 gIk yX vkn'Z dks]
gIkS lckds4 og fdrus gh c\Ls egkiqQ" gkX] muds egkiqQ" gksus ls blls ck/k
ugC i\Lrh4
eT mudks fojks/ ugC dj jgk gwa] vkidh GyksVox dk fojks/ dj jgk gwa4 egkoh
j dk fojks/ ugC dj jgk] cq0 dk fojks/ ugC dj jgk gwa] ∂kb¬I dk fojks/ u
gC dj jgk4 eT rks mügC dh ckr dg jgk gwa4 vkidk fojks/ dj jgk gwa] vki m
uds ihNs u tkS4 Îik dj dksB fdlh ds ihNs u tkS4 lcdks vius Hhrj tkuk
g,] fdlh ds ihNs ugC tkuk g,4 tks fdlh ds ihNs tkrk g,] vkius Hhrj ugC t
k ldrk g,4 d,ls tkSxk` fdlh ds ihNs tkus ds fyS ckgj tkuk i\Lrk g, vk,j
Hhrj tkus ds fyS ckgj dh lc nk,\L Nks\Luh i\Lrh g,4 ;s lc ckgj dh nk,\LX gT4
;g vkbfL;kfy†e tks g,] vkn'Zokn tks g,] ;g ckgj ys tkrk g,4 nwljk r®o g,
] ;g vkn'Z3;g vk®e?krh gksrk g,4
rhljk r®o g, m/kj Kku4 vk,j rhljs r®o dh vk,j ppkZ dWa3m/kj Kku4 vki
D;k tkurs gT` vxj vkils iwNk tkS] iqutZüe g,` rks vki dgXxs] g,4 ;k dksB
dgsxk] ugC g,4 Dksk vki tkurs gT` vkils iwNk tkS] vk®ek g,` dksB dgsxk] g,]
dksB dgsxk] ugC g,4 D;k vki tkurs gT` D;k lp eX vki tkurs gT fd vk®ek
g,` ;k fd vkius lquh gqB ckrkX dks] m/kj ckrkX dks bdØk dj fy;k g,` Sdqes
ysI dj fy;k g, vk,j mlh ds Mij Kkuh cu c,Os gT4 ;g Kku] vxj bl Hkafr
bdØk fd;k gqvk Kku vkids Mij Hkjh i\L tkSxk] Hkj cu tkSxk] flj ij i
®Fj dh Hkafr c,Os tkSxk4 fGj ;g vkidks [kstus ugC nsxk] lpkb;kX dks ugC t
kuus nsxk4 lp rks ;g g, fd euq‘; dqN Hh ugC tkurk g,4 dqN Hh ugC tkurk
g,4 bl dqN ugC eX esjk eryc ;g ugC g, fd bathfu;Vjx ugC tkurk g, ;k nq
dku dk dke ugC tkurk g,4 dqN Hh ugC tkuus ls esjk eryc g, fd l®; ds
laca/ eX dqN Hh ugC tkurk4 l®; fcydqy vuuksu g,] vKkr g,4 vki dqN Hh
ugC tkurs4 vk,j tks vki le>rs gT] tkurs gT] og tkuk gqvk ugC g,] lquk gqvk
g,4 fdrkckX ls i\Pk gqvk g,4 og Kku ugC g,] büGe∆'u g,] tkudkjh g,] lqpuk
g,4 og lwpuk dks tks tku le> ysrk g, og d‘I eX i\L tkrk g,4 og i®Fj dks
ghjs le> fy;k] og ihry dks lksuk le> fy;k g,4 tks Kku ¬o;a dh vuqHwfv
r ls m®iU gksrk g, mlds vfrfjDR lc Kku ca/u g,4 tks Kku ¬o;a dh vuqHwf
r ls vkrk g,] mlds vfrfjDR lc Kku ca/u g, vk,j lc i®Fj dh Hkafr flj
ij c,O tkrk g,4 ml Hkj ds uhps fGj ;k_k ugC gks ikrh4 D;kXfd ;k_k lekîr

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
gks x;h4 tc ge ¬ohdkj dj ysrs gT] vk®ek g,] rks [kst can gks tkrh g,4 tc
Sd vkneh ¬ohdkj dj ysrk g,] vk®ek ugC g, rks Hh [kst can gks tkrh g,4
[kst dc gksrh g,` [kst rc gksrh g, tgka u ¬ohÎfr gks] u v¬ohÎfr gks4 u f
dlh ckr dks ¬ohdkj djus dh r,;kjh gks] u v¬ohdkj djus dh r,;kjh gks4 ch
p eX vkneh Ogjs rks [kst 'qW gksrh g,4 ml chp dh f¬Ffr eX Kku dk tüe gks
ldrk g,4 og chp dh f¬Ffr g, vKku dk cks/4 gksuk pkfgS vKku dks cks/4
Kku dk Hkj ugC4 vk,j lc Kku fl[k;k gqvk g,4 lc Kku fl[k;k gqvk g,4 lc
Kku yVux g, gekjh4 lh[ fy;k g, cpiu ls] lh[rs tk jgs gT] jkst7jkst4 ml
h dks nksgjkS pys tkrs gT4 dé;wfuf¬I eq¥d gksrk g, rks os fl[krs gT\ Bæoj ugC
g,] vk®ek ugC g,4 cπps ogh lh[ ysrs gT4 ck,0 eq¥d gksrk g, tks os fl[krs gT]
os lh[ ysrs gT4 Vgnw eq¥d g,] os tks fl[krs g,] og lh[ ysrs gT4 t,u eq¥d g, rks
tks os fl[krs gT] og lh[ ysrs gT4 ;s lc lh[s gqS yksx gT4 ;g fl[koI [rj
ukd g,] D;kXfd fl[koI vkidks jksdsxh vk,j vkxs ugC tkus nsxh4 vkxs tkus ds f
yS lp eX tkus ds fyS lkjs lh[s gqs HKj dks vyx dj nsuk gksxk4 fuHkZj gks
tkuk tWjh g,4 fpR ftruk fuHkZj gkksx] ftruk osIysl gkksx mruk M÷oZxkeh
gksrk g,4 fpR ftruk Hkjxzlr gksrk g, mruk uhps nc tkrk g,4
Sd ckj ßlk gqvk] igk\L ij Sd eafnj Fk4 ¬o<Z dk eafnj Fk] egqew¥; ghjs7t
okgjkr vk,j [tkus ml eafnj ds ikl Fs4 mldk o10 iqtkjh ejus dks gqvk4 ml
us uhps e,nku eX [cj fHtok;h fd uS iqtkjh dks pquuk g,4 tks ø;fDr lokZf/d
'fDr'kyh gksxk3og 'fDr dk eafnj Fk3tks ø;fDr lokZf/d 'fDr'kyh gksxk
mldh fu;qfDr gks tkSxh4 dk,u lokZf/d 'fDr'kyh g,` rks iqtkjh us [cj dj
ok;h] fufæpr frfF ij] tks yksx vius dks 'fDr'kyh le>rs gkX os igk\L dh
p\Pkb 'qW djX4 tks ø;fDr lcls igys p\PkB ij Mij igqap tkSxk ogh iqtkjh g
ks tkSxk4 ml jk†; eX nwljs7nwljs rd tgka7tgka rd [cj gks ldrh] l,d\LkX yks
xkX ds eu eX m®daOk gqB4 mruk c\Lk eafnj ¬o<Z dk eafnj] vjckX7[jckX dh laif
R dk ekfyd Fk eafnj mldk iqtkjh gh lc dqN Fk4 dk,u ugC gksuk pkgsxk` f
trus Hh 'fDr'kyh ;qok Fs] ftuds eu eX Hh vkdka{k Fh] Séch'u Fh] os lkjs
yksx bdØs gks xS4 dksB nks lk, toku tks viuh7viuh rjg lc rjg 'fDr'ky
h Fs] fufæpr frfF ij ml igk\L ij p\Pus yxs rks gjs toku us Sd c\Lk i®Fkj
vius7vius ij ys fy;k4 og muds ik,Q" dk izrhd fd dk,u fdrus c\Ls i®Fj
dks ysdj p\Pk ldrk g,4 tks ftruk 'fDr'kyh fk mlus mruk gh c\Lk i®FJ v
ius da/s ij ys fy;k4 igk\L dh p\PkB Fh nqWg] i®Fj Fs Hkjh] muds izk< ?qIs
tkrs Fs ysfdu vgadkj lc d‘I lgus dks r,;kj gks tkrk g,4 vgadkj c\Lk ri¬oh
] c\Lh riæp;kZ g, vgadkj dh4 og jkth Fk4 i®FjkX ds uhps ncstkrs Fs4 os Hw[s7
î;kls~~~Sd lîrkg dh p\PkB dh4 i®FjkX dks ?lhIu] jksdus dh Hh GqlZr u Fh]
[kus7ihus dh Hh GqlZr u Fh] D;kXfd dk,u igys igqap tkS2 dqN rks mu i®FjkX

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
ds uhps Lwc xS vk,j ej xS] ysfdu i®Fj mügkXus ugC Nks\Ls4 ejrs ne rd os
i®Fj vius flj ij j[sgqS Fs4 os muds ik,Q" ds izrhd Fs] os fpüg Fs mudh '
fDr ds4 dqN [ÒkX eX fxj xS] dqN chekj i\L xS] fdlh ds gkF7i,j IwI xS fx
jus ls4 ysfdu yksx c\Ps tkrs Fs4 fdldks GqlZr g, ns[us dh] tks fcj x;k g,4 tks
fxj x;k] og x;k4 ge vkxs c\Ps pys tkrs gT4 lc igk\L ij p\Ps pys tkrs gT
vk,j viuk7viuk i®Fj fyS gqS gT4
ysfdu vkf[jh fnu] lkrrka fnu djhc vk x;k] lka> gksus yxh4 os yksx djhc7
djhc igqapus dks gT4 rHh mügkXus ns[k] c\Lh g,jkuh dh ckr g,] tks lcls ihNs jg
x;k og vkneh Sdne vkxs fudyk tk jgk g,4 nqcyk7iryk] detksj vkneh3
og lcls ihNs Fk] og Sdne vkxs fudyk tk jgk g,4 lc g,jku gks xS] ysfdu
lc galus yxs4 mügkXus lkspk] bl ikxy ds igqapus dk iz;kstu Hh D;k` mlus i
®Fj GXd fn;k Fk] fcuk i®Fj Hkxk tk jgk Fk4 vc fcuk i®Fj ds rks fdlh
dh Hh xfr x\P tkSxh4 mügkXus mlls dgk Hh fd rqe ukle> gks4 rqe dgka Hk
xs tkrs gks` vkf[j rqégkjs igqapus dk Gk;nk Hh D;k` rqe igqap Hh xS rks rqé
gX dk,u ekusxk` ik,Q" dk izrhd dgka g,` ysfdu mlus rks lquk ugC] og Hkxs p
yk x;k4 os lc glrs jgs fd ikxy g,] ukle> g,4 blds igqapus ls dksB Gy Hh
ugC gksus okyk g,4 ysfdu tc lka> dks os ogka igqaps vk,j lkjs ioZrkjksfg;kX dh
lHk gqB vk,j ml iqtkjh us ?ks"<k dh fd og ;qod gh lcls igys vk x;k g,
vk,j mldks eTus iqtkjh cuk fn;k rks lc fp¥ykS fd d,lk vü;k; g,] d,lk va/sj
g,2 ml iwtkjh us dgk] va/sj Hh ugC g,] vü;k; Hh ugC g,4 ijek®ek ds iqtkjh
gksus dk gd dsoy mügC dks g, tks vius vgadkj ds Hkj dks Nks\L nsrs gT4 bl ;q
od us vnHqr lkgl dk ifjp; fn;k g,4 rqe lc Hkjxz¬r yksxkX ds chp ;g v
ius Hkj dks GXd ldk] fucZy gks ldk] vius ik,Q"7izrhd ls NqIdkjk ik ldk]
vius vgadkj ds Hkj ls eqDr gks ldk] fuHkZj gksdj xfr dj ldk4 ;g vnHqr
lkgl dh ckr g,4 ;g lokZf/d cyh g, vk,j blfyS ge bls iwtkjh dk in fn
S gT4
;g rks dFK] izrhd dFk g,] ysfdu thou eX Hh ;gh l®; g,4 tks yksx Hh l®
; dh vk,j ijek®ek dh ;k_k eX gT os ¬ej< j[X fd tks Hkj mügkXus vius Mij
ys j[s gT os lc muds jksd jgs gT4 vk,j Kku dk Hkj lcls c\Lk Hkj g,4 Kku
dk Hkj lcls c\Lk Hkj g,4 D;kXfd Kku dk cks> lcls c\LK vgadkj g,4 ;g vki
D;kX dgrs gT fd Bæoj g,` D;kX dgrs gT fd vk®ek g,` D;kXfd bl Hkafr dgus
ls vki Kkuh ekywe i\LrsgT4 gkykafd vkidks irk dqN Hh gC g, fd vk®ek g, ;k
Bæoj4 dqN Hh irk ugC g,4 ysfdu lb Hkafr dgus ls vkids vgadkj dh r1fîr
gksrh g, fd eT Hh tkurk gwa4 eT Hh tkurk gwa4 eT dksB vKkuh ugC gwa4 blfyS
vxj dksB vkidh ckr dk [aLu djs rks vki ryokj fudky ysrs gT] D;kXfd vk
idh ckr dk [aLu ugC g,] vkids vgadkj dk [aLu gks tkrk g,4

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
;g nqfu;k Hj ds /eZ y\Lrs gT] iafLr y\Lrs gT] lqcg eq>ls dksB dg jgk Fk fd
nqfu;k eX egk®ek vk,j iafLr bdØs gksdj D;kX ugC c,Os ldrs gT` os dHh ugC
c,O ldrs gT4 d,ls c,O ldrs gT` vc viuh ryokjX [Cp yXxs D;kXfd lcdk Kku
] lcdk vgadkj g,4 vk,j tgka vgadkj g, ogka feyuk d,ls gks ldsxk` nqfu;k eX
cqjs yksx feyrs jgs] Hys yksx ugC fey lds4 nqfu;k eX ikih feyrs jgs gT] iq≤;k
®ek ugC fey lds4 nqfu;k eX egk®ek bdØs gks ldrs gT] lk/q7laü;klh bdØs ugC
gks ldrs gT4 d,ls gkXxs` vgadkj lcls c\Lh rks\Lus okyh phtX g, vk,j vgadkj o
gka lcls †;knk xgjk g,] lcls †;knk izxk\P g,4 nks iafLr ugC c,O ldrs4 vlaHo
g,4 tks dqRkX dh vknr g,] og iafLrkX dh Hh vknr g,4 nks dqRs Hh lkF ugC c,
O ldrs gT] nks iafLr Hh lkF ugC c,Os ldrs4 ugC c,O] ldrs blfyS fd og v
gadkj xqjkZrk g,4 vgadkj nwljs dks cnkZær ugC djrk4 ;g Kku dk ftruk ge c
ks> bdØs fdS gqS gT] ;g gekjs vgadkj dh [qjkd g,4
¬ej< djX] ns[X vius Hhrj] tks eT dg jgk gwa] og dksB vkidks fdlh fGykslGh
eX ;k fdlh laiznk; eX Hrñ djus dh dksf'' ugC4 dg eT ;g jgk gwa] vius e
u dks ns[X] vki dqN tkursgT` vxj ugC tkurs rks Îik djX vk,j vius ø;FZ ds
vgadkj dk iks"< u djX fd eT tkurk gwa] Bæoj g,4 eT tkurk gwa] vk®ek g,4 eT
tkurk gwa] yksd g,] ijyksd gT3Nks\LX3vπNk g,] ml vKku dks tkuX4 tkuX fd eT
ugC tkurk gwa4 vk,j tks ø;fDr bl f¬Ffr eX gks tkrk g, fd eT ugC tkurk gwa o
g fuekZj gks tkrk g,4 vk,j fuekZj gksrs gh mldh xfr 'qW gks tkrh g,4 tks ø;fD
R bl f¬Ffr eX gks tkrk g, fd lrr bl cks/ eX fd eT ugC tkurk] og vnHq
r ljyrk dks miyç/ gks tkrk g,] mleX ‰wfefyIh i,nk gksrh g,] mleX cks/ i,nk
gksrk g, vius vKku dk vk,j go ljy gksrk g,] lgt gksrk g,4 mlds lkjs >x\
ls foyhu gks tkrs gT4 vk,j tc fpR ljy gks rk g,] Hkj 'wü; gksrk g, rks M÷oZ
xkeh gksrk g,4
;s rhu ckrX eTus vkils dgC] bu rhu ckrkX ij Fks\Lk fopkj djuk4 bu rhukX ck
rkX us geX }a}xz¬r fd;k g,4 bu rhu ckrkX us gekjs eu dks dkafG¬I ls Hj fn;k
g,4 bu rhu ckrkX us gekjs fpR dks [aL7[aL dj fn;k g,4 bu rhu ckrkX us gek
js eu dh Sdrk dks rks\L fn;k g,4 bu rhu ckrkX us eu dks Hkjks dj fn;k g,
vk,j og i®Fj dh Hkafr gks x;k] g,] i{h dh Hkafr ugC] fd og ;k_k dj lds
4 vkdk' eX m\L lds] ßlh mldh f¬Ffr ugC4 i®Fj dh Hkafr g,] uhps i\Lk g,4
vk,j ge ml ij jkst Hkj yknrs jgs gT] jkst Hkj yknrs tkrs gT4 dksB xhrk i\P
jgk g,] dksB dqjku i\P jgk g,] dksB ckbfcy i\P jgk g, vk,j ;kn dj jgk g,]
daO¬F dj jgk g, kv,j Hjrk tk jgk g,] Hjrk tk jgk g,4 tc 'k¬_ cgqr gks
tkrs gT rks l®; ds vkus dh dksB laHkouk ugC jg tkrh4 tc Kku dk Hkj cgq
r gks tkrk g, rks fGj Kku ds tüe dh dksB xqatkb' ugC jg tkrh] Kku ml
Ôn; eX i,nk gksrk g, tks lc Hkafr] lc Hkafr Kku ls eqDr gks tkrs gT4 Kku mu

vka[kks ns[kh lkap
eukX eX i,nk gksrk g, tks lc Hkafr vgadkj ls 'wü; vk,j fjDr gks tkrs gT4 Kku
mu eukX eX i,nk gksrk g, tks ijaijk ls] vuqdj< ls fdlh ls ihNk Nq\Lk ysrs gT]
vius dks Nq\Lk ysrs gT4 bl fo–ksg dh f¬Ffr eX] bl ∂kafr dh f¬Ffr eX Kku i,nk
gksrk g,4
;s rhu r®o eTus dgs] bu rhu r®okX dks tks Ohd ls le>sxk vk,j ftlds thou
eX /hjs7/hjs bu rhu r®okX dh vfHø;fDr gksxh] og bl ∂kafr ls xqtj tkSxk4
mlds thou eX Sd fjø;ksyw'u gks tkSxh4 fjø;ksyw'u dk uke /eZ g,]mlh ∂kafr
dk uke /eZ g,4 /eZ txr eX lcls c\LH vf≈u g,4 mlls c\LH dksB vf≈u ugC
g,4 ysfdu bl vf≈u ls xqtjus ds fyS] bl ∂kafr ls xqtjus ds fyS dqN ckrX fo
pkj<h; gT4 vius thou eX] vius eu eX mu ckrkX dks le> ysuk tWjh g,4 müg
kXus le>X] ns[X] igpkuX vk,j mudh igpku gh /hjs7/hjs vkidks Hhrj Sd uS ø
;fDR dks tüe ns nsxh4 vkidk iqjkuk ø;fDr®o tkSxk4 og tkukpkfgS4 vkidk
iqjkuk ø;fDR®o nqfu;k eX cgqr d‘I i,nk dj jgk g,4 og tkuk pkfgS4 og l\L
h7xyh] iwjh la¬Îfr tkuh pkfgS tks geus i,knk dh g,4 ;g vkn'Z ds vuqdwy] i
jaijk ds vuqdwy] vuqdj< ds vk/kj ij tks [\Lh gqB la¬Îfr g,] og tkuh pkfg
S4 mlus dksB lq[ ugC fn;k] mlus euq‘; ds thou eX dsB l®; ugC yk;k] euq‘
; ds thou eX dksB 'kafr ugC yk;h4 Sd vfHu; laÎfr dk tüe fufæpr gksuk
pkfgS rks gh euq‘; 'kafr dks] vkuan dks miyç/ gks ldrk g,4 vk,j ml la¬Îf
r ds tüe fd fyS iz®;sd dks ∂kafr ls xqtjuk tWjh g,4
ml ∂kafr dh rhu ckrX eTus vkils dgC] ;s rks fu's?k®ed FC] ;s rks fL¬I≠sfDIo
FC4 ¬ej< j[X] ftu ø;fDr dks Hh u;h nqfu;k cukuh g, mls iqjkuh nqu;k dks f
eIkus ds fyS jkth gksuk i\Lrk g,4 ftl ø;fDr dks Hh ¬o;a dks u;k djuk g,]
mls vius iqjkus ds ej tkus dh lqfo/k tq\Ikuh i\Lrh g,4 blds igys fd uS Ho
u [\Ls gkX] iqjkus Hou fxjk nsus tWjh gT4 blds igys fd uS dk tüe gks] iqjkus
dk fouk' vkoæ;d g,4 iqjkus dh jk[ ij gh ugC ds vadqj vadqfjr gksrs gT4
rks eTus fouk' dh Fks\Lh7lh ckrX vkils dgC4 dh Fks\Lh7lh dgwaxk ckr vkils f∂
SfIo gks ikrk g,] fouk'k®ed Wi ls jpuk®ed gks ikrk g, ogh ø;fDr l®; dks
vk,j 'kafr dks vkuan dks miyç/ gks ldrk g,4 ijek®ek djs] ßlh ∂kafr lcds
Hhrj gks4
bu ckrkX dks brus izse ls lquk g, mlls cgqr vkuafnr gwa4 var eX lcds Hhrj c,Os
ijek®ek dks iz<ke djrk gwa4 esjs iz<ke ¬ohdkj djX4
GxqZlu dkyst] iwuk] fnukad ¡∞ flracj] ¡ª§§] lqcg

001 Aankhon Dekhi Sanch

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vka[kks ns[kh lkap

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