RaysOfPeace BookLayout Final

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vmEdkifw,f qdkwmudkvJ today;&r,f? +yD;awmh olwdk‹&Jhywf0ef;usifudk ajymif;vJEkdif
vdrfhr,f”[k 'DAdkif;u b&pf(cf)t,f'f0ghudk ajymjycJhonf?
olonf ausmif;om;rsm; ausmif;tm;csdefrsm;udk toHk;ðyEkdif&ef rdrd. ywf0ef;usifwGif

vHkjcHKaom cdkvH_&mwpfckudk aqmufvkyfcsifcJhonf? xdkae&mwGif vli,frsm;tcsif;csif;oif
,lavhvma0iSEkdifouJhodkŒ vlhtodkif;t0dkif;xJwGif yg0ifEdkifatmif tm;ay;aeaom ae&m
wpfckvnf;jzpfonf? olonfvli,frsm;twGuf armf'eftopftqef;rsm;. vuQ%m
ESifh olwdk‹.b0wGif vufawG‹usonfhb0 wnfaqmufEdkifatmif yHhydk;ay;csifcJhonf?
ref;[ufwef (Manhattan) rS ART START . tzGJ‹0ifvli,frsm;. &nf&G,fcsufyef;wdkifudk
olwdk‹. ywf0ef;usifwGif taumiftxnfazmfEkdifatmif vli,fh=um;0ifjcif; tpDtpOf
wpfck&SdcJhonf// 'DAdkif;onf TtpDtpOfudk jyefvnfqef;opfjyD; vli,frsm;udk,fwdkif OD;
aqmifzGJ@pnf;jcif;udk toHk;ðycJhonf? ART START . tpdwftydkif; [pfyfa[mhyfonf
vli,fh=um;0ifjcif;tpDtpOf. tusdK;aus;Zl;&&Sdapaom yxrajcvSrf;[k od&Sdoabm
aygufcJhonf? vli,f.axmufcHr_udk trdt&vufcHEdkifcJhonf[k cHpm;odjrifcJhonf? ol.
ywf0ef;usifwGif awGŒ}uHKae&aom tcuftcJtajrmuftrsm;udk acsr_ef;EdkifcJhonf?
ol.t,ltqrsm;udkjzwfoef;+yD; vrf;ray:rS ol.udk,fydkifvHkjcHKaom cdkv_H&mtdrftopf

udk ywf0ef;usifqDodkŒ wHcg;zGifhay;cJhonf? ausmif;csdef+yD;qHk;csdefwGif uav;rsm;awG‹qHkEdkif
&ef ol.ajrwdkufcef;tm; tokH;jyKI “Team Revolution”udk pwifcJhonf?
'DAdkif;. vli,fhpGrf;tm;ESifh tuef‹towfr&Sd ,Hk=unfr_a=umifh ol.tawG;tac:onf

atmifjrifcJhonf? ywf0ef;usif.yHhydk;r_udktajccHjyD; “Team Revolution”u ywf0ef;usif
xJwGif ajymif;vJr_rsm;jyKvkyf&ef pwifcJhonf? ol.tzGJ@0ifOD;a&onf csufcsif;wdk;jrifhvm
cJhonf? ESpfywftwGif; ol.vlr_todkif;t0dkif;Xme. &HyHkaiGonf 25000 a':vmeD;yg;
wdk;jrifhvmonf?
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ay;Ekdifonf? odk‹aomf ta&;}uD;qHk;rSm ae&ma'orsm;udk olwdk‹udk,fwdkif &SmazG&efjzpf
onf? olwdk‹udk,fwdkif &HyHkaiG&SmazGjrSifhwifay;jcif;onf vli,frsm;twGuf t}uD;rm;qHk;
*k%foa&aqmifr_vnf; jzpfonf?
ueOD;wGif wpfywfvSsif t}udrftenf;i,fomawG‹qHk=uonf? todkif;t0dkif;. tajc

taeay:rlwnfI Team Revolution onf pHrwlaom taysmfc&D;xGufjcif;rsm; (Oyrm
spa rsm;odk‹c&D;xGufjcif;/ a,m*avhusifhjcif;/ urRXmef;xdkifjcif;) udk vkyfaqmifay;cJh
onf? uav;rsm;udk,fwdkif oHpOfudkwDxGifEdkifatmif [pfyfa[mhyfESifhqdkifaom tvkyf&Hk
aqG;aEG;yGJrsm;ðyvkyfjcif;/ bJav;tursm;ujcif;/ oHpOf.vrf;a=umif;udk aqG;aEG;jcif;/
*Dwajzmfajza&;ESifh jywdkufodk‹c&D;xGufjcif;rsm; ðyvkyfay;onf?
'DAdkif;onf Fellowship Academy udk qufvufwnfaxmifcJhonf? t"duusaom

ausmif;rsm;wGif vli,frsm;. todkif;t0dkif;rsm;tvdkuf uGJjym;jcm;em;r_udk tpDtpOfqGJ
ay;cJhonf/? b%ftpDtpOfwGif vli,frsm;udk pD;yGm;a&;ESD;aESmzvS,fyGJrsm;/ b¾ma&;
qdkif&mta&;tzwf/ vlaer_ywf0ef;usifwGif b¾ma&;qdkif&m vkyfydkifcGifhrsm;ESihf &nf&G,f
csuftvdkuf ynma&;wGif yg0ifapjcif;ESifh leadership Etiquette And Development
(L.E.A.D) OD;aqmifr_qdkif&m usrf;0wfxHk;wrf;ESifh wdk;wufjrifhrm;r_tpDtpOfudk vli,f
rsm;twGuf tusdK;oufa&mufr_&Sdatmif zefwD;ay;cJhonf?
Fellowship Academy udk ajccHjyD;us,fjyef‹aom pD;yGm;a&;vkyfief;rsm;ESifh tpk&S,f,m

0ifjcif;udkvnf; zefwD;cJhonf? tm;vHk;=um;wGif Polo Ralph Lauren ESifhvnf; tpk
&S,f,m0ifcJhonf// olESifhpD;yGm;a&;vkyfudkif&mwGif vli,frsm;twGuf zuf&Sifvkyfief;.
pD;yGm;a&;vuQ%moGifjyifESifh zefwD;jcif;rsm;udk avhvmjcif;/ xkwfukefrsm;udk rnfodk‹wD
xGifjcif;ESifh tjcm;pD;yGm;a&; t"dutcsuftvufrsm;udkvnf; avhvmapcJhonf?
,ae@umvwGif Team Revolution onf rlvtajccHtqifh touf 13 ESpfrS23 ESpftxd

ausmif;csdefjyify tpDtpOfonf vli,frsm;.OD;aqmifr_a=umihf atmifjrifaejyDjzpfonf?
‚if;udk pwifOD;aqmifuwnf;u qkwf,kwfoGm;jcif;r&SdbJ yl;aygif;yg0ifol 500ausmf.
b0rsm;udk ajymif;vJapcJhjyD;/ ,ckwGif 'DAdkif;onf24 ESpf&SdjyD; vli,frsm;OD;aqmifonfh
pDrHudef;udk tjynfht0 taumiftxnfazmfvSsuf&Sdonf?
“uGsefawmfu y&dk*&rftif*sifeD,mjzpfovdk wcgw&HrSm y&dk*&rf. 'g&dkufwmvJjzpfw,f?

wcgwav usaemfqHk;jzwfydkifcGifh&SdwJ@ tzGJh&J@OD;aqmifoltqifhodkŒ a&$@wufoGm;jyD;qkH;jzwf
p&m&SdwmqHk;jzwfw,f// 'DvdkyJ 'Doifwef;awGudk jyD;qHk;atmifjrifwJholrsm;[m *&dk*&rf&J@
acgif;aqmifjzpfvmEkdifw,f? bmjzpfvJqdkawmh olwdkŒ&JhOD;aESmufxJrSm bmvkyf&rvJ
qdkwm od&SdESifhjyD;/ usaemfuawmh tpDtpOfqGJ&HkygyJ// 5ESpfjynfhwdkif; Team Revolution
odk@ wufEdkifzdk@ tqifhtrsdK;rsdK;&Sdw,f? 'ga=umifh Team Revolution odk‹wufa&mufEkdifzdk@
wpfa,mufcsif;pDtwGuf yHkpHwpfckpDawmh &&SdoGm;rSmaocsmw,f”[k 'DAdkif;u b&pf(cf)
t,f'f0ghudk ajymcJhygonf?
11
jidrf;csrf;a&;wnfaqmufol ol&Jaumif; jidrf;csrf;a&;uav;i,frsm;

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urBmay:rSm&dSwJh t&G,fa&muf+yD;oltm;vkH;udk usaemfwdk‹awmif;qdkcsifygw,f?

urBm}uD; +idrf;csrf;atmifvkyfyg?
EdkifiHawG +idrf;csrf;atmifvkyfyg?
aetdrfawGudk +idrf;csrf;atmifvkyfyg?
ESvkH;om;awGudk +idrf;csrf;atmifvkyfyg?
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rsm;onf ppfwyftygt0if rsm;vSpGmaom vufeufudkiftiftm;pkrsm;. ypfrSwfjzpfcJh
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tiftm;pkrsm; aygif;pnf;a&;udk uav;i,frsm;u awmif;qdkcJh=uonf?
touf 7 ESpfrS 18 ESpftwGif;&dS udkvHbD,muav;i,f 2 '\r 7 oef;onf b0jidrf;csrf;

a&;ESifh rdom;pktcGifhta&;rsm;twGuf 1996 ckESpf/ atmufwdkbm 25 &ufae‹wGifwnD
wnGwfwnf;rJxnfhawmif;qdkcJh=uonf? jidrf;csrf;a&;ESifhtcGifhta&;rsm;twGuf uav;
rsm;.udk,fpm;ðyr_udk a&G;aumufyJGrS arG;zGm;ay;cJhonf? wpfESpf=um+yD;aemuf t&G,f
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jidrf;csrf;a&;twGuf uav;i,frsm;u olwdk‹.toufrsm;udk ae‹pOfpaw;&atmif rnf

onfht&mrsm;u vkyfvdkufygoenf;? qdk;&Gm;onfhtawG‹tóuHrsm; cHpm;&+yD;aemuf T
Edkb,fqk wifoGif;cH&onfh v_yf&Sm;ol 5OD;onf jidrf;csrf;a&;vdktifudk pwifcJh=uonf?
17 ESpft&G,f *sLtef at;vD,pf tm&dkufbfonf owfjzwfjcif;ta=umif; qef‹usifajym

qdkonfh q&m0efwOD;jzpfaom ol.zcifraoqkH;ciftxd &ufpuf=urf;ñuwfjcif;rsm;.
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15 ESpft&G,f ar,mvD pefcsuf. tcspfqkH;oli,fcsif;onf udkvHbD,m *dk%f;a=umifh

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rsm;tm; tajz&Sm&ef uav;i,frsm;u óud;pm;tm;xkwfcJhonf?“ +idrf;csrf;a&;udk usr
wdk‹ tdrfwGif;uae pwif&ygr,f? tJovdkrSrvkyf&if usrwdk‹vlŒtodkif;t0dkif;udk jidrf;csrf;
a&;ysH@ESH@atmifvkyfzdkh rjzpfEdkifygbl;”[k oluqdkonf?
15 ESpft&G,f 'DvD,m vdk&efZdkonf uav;i,frsm;. tajctaersm;tm; wdk;wufap

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rSmvJ/ usrwdk‹rSm a&G;p&m&dSygw,f? awmfavmufyg+yD aemufxyfusrwdk‹ vufcHp&m
ta=umif;r&dSawmhygbl;?” +idrf;csrf;a&;vkyfief;twGuf 'DvD,monf ausmif;wGif a&'D,kd
jyZmwfvkyfavh&dSygonf? =urf;ñuwfjcif;rsm;. aemufuG,f&dS cspfp&maumif;onfh
udkvHbD,mtm; wurBmvkH;odatmif olr vkyfaqmifcsifygonf?
17 ESpft&G,f 0Dz&D'dk Zefb&mEdkonf vrf;ay:wGif tavmif;rsm;ysH@usJaeavh&dSonfh =urf;
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wpfOD;jzpfaom olonf &kyfao;&kyfrsm;udkokH;I uav;rsm;tm; olwdk‹.a=uuJGr_rsm;udk
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olvnf;jzpfonf? “tckvdkjzpfaewJh t=uyftwnf;xJrSm tajz&SmEdkifzdkŒ uav;awGyl;
aygif;vkyfaqmifzdk‹ vdktyfw,fqdkwmudk usrwdkŒoufaojycsifygw,f?” “wdkif;jynf&Jh
tem*wf[m vli,fawGvdk‹ ajym=uw,f? r[kwfygbl; usrwdk‹[m wdkif;jynf&J‹ vuf&dS
ypPKy`efyg? usrwdkŒpnf;vkH;nDnGwf&ygr,f?”
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Edkb,fqk&Sif &D*dkbmwmrefcsLtm; olr onfa[h*fòrd@wGifusif;yonfh +idrf;csrf;a&;uGefz&ifh
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&kwfw&uf&yfvdkuf&if roifhawmfbl;vdkŒ usrodvdkuf&+yD;wJhaemuf qufvkyfzdk‹ta&;}uD;
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+yD; rif;wpfa,mufwnf; rvkyfEdkifbl;qdkwmvnf; igodygw,f?” [k &D*dkbmwmu jyef
vnfajymqdkonf?
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}uD;udk wa,mufwnf;tm;eJŒ ajymif;vJzdk‹r&Edkifygbl;? 'gayr,fh vlom;awGudk wqifh
csif;vkyfaqmifoGm;Edkifa=umif; usroifay;Edkifvdk‹&dS&if usrwdk‹ urBmopf}uD;wpfckudk
wnfaqmufEdkifrSmaygh?”
UNICEF, The Red Cross, Save the Children, World Vision, the Catholic Church
and REDEPAZ wdk‹tygt0if uav;awG&J‹ +idrf;csrf;a&;v_yf&Sm;r_awGudk axmufcHtm;
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rsm;onf rD;awmufrsm;ozG,f wpxufwp ydkrdkxGef;vif;vmcJhonf?
12
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a&;ol - rD*ef (a,mhcfwef)
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onf? xdktcsdefwGif zavm&ifhpfonf 12 ESpft&G,fom&dSao;onf? puf&kHwGif; olr
a&mufoGm;onfhtcsdefwGif tufqpfrsm;jynfhaeaomtdk;rsm;ESifh tvkyfvkyfaeaom
uav;rsm;ESifh rD;zdkwGifrD;xnfhaom a,musFm;av;rsm;tm; olrjrifawG‹vdkuf&onf?
“orD;wdk‹ azazwdk‹u yef;uefawGvkyfwmudk cufvS+yDxifxm;cJhwm/ tckawmh uav;
awG tufqpfjynfhaewJhtdk;awGeJ‹ tvkyfvkyfaewmawG‹awmh ,kHawmifr,kHEdkifbl;?”
u,fvD tvGefa'goxGufcJh&onf? ylavmif=uyfodyf+yD; vHkòcHr_uif;aom puf&kHrsm;wGif

uav;i,faygif; wpfoef;ausmf tvkyfvkyfae&a=umif; aemufydkif;wGifrS odcJh&onf?
vkyfief;cGifonf tvGeftEW&m,frsm;+yD; uav;i,faygif;ajrmufrsm;pGmonf vkyfief;cGif
twGif; aoa=u (odkŒr[kwf) jyif;xefpGm 'g%f&m&cJh=uonf? 1889 ckESpfwGif u,fvD
onf wpkHwckvkyfudkif&rnfrSef; od&dScJh+yD; “cufcJyifyef;pGm tvkyfvkyfae&aom uav;
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vmcJhonf? uav;tvkyform;qef‹usifa&; OD;aqmifoltjzpf ol‹tm;todrsm;=u
onf? 1893 ckESpfwGif tDvDEGKufY Oya'topftwGuf u,fvDwdkufyJG0ifcJhonf? ,if;
Oya'wGif rnfonfhpuf&kHwGifrSs uav;tvkyform;r&dSap&[k jyXmef;xm;+yD; puf&kHrsm;
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aq;a&;rSL;tjzpf olrtm; cef‹xm;vdkufa=umif; 0rf;ajrmufzG,f&mod&dScJh&onf?
u,fvD. puf&kHpkHprf;ppfaq;a&;oufwrf; ESpfESpfajrmufwGif tDvDEGKufY ausmufa&m*g

jzpfyGm;cJhonf? vlaygif;rsm;pGm toufqkH;&_H;cJh&onf? ausmufa&m*gonf wpfOD;rSwpfOD;
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ul;pufEdkifa=umif;vnf; od&dScJh+yD; a&m*gjzpfaeolrsm;onf t0wftpm;rsm; csKyfvkyf+yD;
&yf&GmtwGif;&dS uav;i,frsm;ESifh jynfolrsm;tm; jyefvnfay;=uojzifh ,if;wdk‹onf
a&m*gtm; tdrfjyef,loGm;olrsm;jzpfa=umif;vnf; odcJhonf?
u,fvDonf puf&kHrsm;tm; wpf&kH+yD;wpf&kH0ifxGufI zsm;emaeolrsm;ESifhawG‹vSsif ‚if;wdk‹

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onf olr.b0wavSsmufvkH; uav;rsm;.tcGifhta&;rsm;twGuf vkyfudkifaqmif&Guf
cJhonf?
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tvkyfvkyfaeolawGxJrSm usaemfwdk‹cifAsm;wdk‹jzpfaeEdkifcJh+yD; ol‹tusdK;twGuf bmrSsvkyf
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awGa=umifh usaemfol‹udk woufvkH;trSwf& aus;Zl;wifaerdrSm trSefyg?”
13
uAsma&;wJhol&Jaumif; rufwD pwDyeufcf

a&;ol - *sifrf a[mhuif;
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pufwyf,mOf ukvm;xdkifjzifh oGm;vmv_yf&Sm;&oljzpfonf? TuJhodk‹ jyif;xefonfh
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EdkifpGrf;r&SdcJhay?
olonf touf 3 ESpft&G,fuyif pmpwifa&;om;oljzpfonf? 2004 ckESpf olraoqkH;cif

tcsdeftxd rufwDonf uAsm/ pmpDpmukH;ESifh 0wWKwdkaygif;ajrmufrsm;pGmudk a&;om;cJh+yD;
ol.a&;om;csufrsm;tm; v$wfawmf.pm=unhfwdkufwGif xdef;odrf;xm;&dSonf? ol.
av;pm;p&maumif;onfh tvkyftwGufa=umifh rufwDonf 1999 ckESpfwGif &&dSonfh
rufvif'g at avm&ifhqk tygt0if pmayqkaygif;rsm;pGm &&dScJhonf?
ol. pma&;/ pmzwfjcif;tay: jrwfEdk;wwfjcif;u olŒtm; jynfolrsm;t=um;wGif pum;

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a=umºuGufom;rsm;ESifhqdkifonfh a&m*ga0'emonfrsm;twGuf aq;ukoEdkif&ef &HykHaiG
&SmazGa&;wGif wufºuGpGmyg0ifcJhonf? a&m*gcHpm;ae&onfhuav;rsm;ESifh rdom;pkrsm;
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bJ jzpfoGm;rSmaygh? usaemfwdk‹&Jh &ifxJuvmwJhoDcsif;oHawGudk usaemfwdkŒ em;qifwwf
&ygr,f? +yD;awmh tjcm;olawGudkvnf; a0rSsEdkif&rSmaygh?”[k rufwDuqdkonf?
“usaemf}uD;jyif;vmwJhtcg usaemf +idrf;csrf;a&;wnfaqmufol jzpfcsifygw,f?”
14
ewforD;uJhodk‹aom ol&Jaumif; uGefeD tdk uGefeJ,f

a&;ol - vpf (z&uf'g&cfpfbmh*f)
vufaqmifaumif;awG[m tdwfao;ao;av;eJ‹ ygvmavh&dSw,fvdkŒ vlawGuajym=u

w,f? 1993 ckESpf c&pfprwfrwdkifrD 8 &uftvdk usrwdk‹rdom;pkxJudk vufaqmif
ao;ao;av;wpfck a&mufvmcJhw,f? tJ'Dvufaqmifav;uawmh usr&J‹ol&Jaumif;
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1993 ckESpf 'DZifbmv 17 &ufae‹rSm usrnDrav; uGefpwifhudkarG;awmh usr 3 ESpforD;

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a&muf&dSoGm;cJhygonf? 1996 ckESpfwGif 'kwd,t=udrf a&m*gtajctae jyefvnfqdk;&Gm;
onfhtcsdefwGif nDrav;touf&Sif&yfwnfEdkifa&;onf 1 &mckdifE_ef;om &dSawmhonf?
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nDrav;. &dk;wGif;jcifqDrsm; jyefvnftpm;xdk;+yD; 'kwd,ESpfwGif usr.arSsmfvifhcsufa&mif

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u vlawGtm;vkH;eJŒ tvGef&if;ESD;vG,fwJholyg? tpmoGif;ydkufwef;vef;ESifh nDrav;tm;
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Tt=udrf a&m*gqdk;&Gm;csdeftm; uGefeDcufcJpGm &ifqdkifae&+yD; ydkrdktajctaeqdk;vmyg

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vnf;jzpfonf? Edk0ifbmvwGif uGefeDonf aemufqkH;tajctaeESifh &ifqdkifae&+yD;
pum;vkH;0rajymEdkifawmhyg? ol.cHwGif;onf ysufpD;ukef+yD; pum;ajymvSsif emusifpGm
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vuQ%m rawGŒ&yg? ukoIr&awmha=umif;om ajymygonf? 1999 ckESpf Edk0ifbmv
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15
pma&;om;onfh ol&Jaumif; tefeD z&ifhcf

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tefeDonf tjzpftysufrsm;tm; taumif;zufrSom jrifwwfoljzpfonf? ykef;atmif;

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onf? TuJhodk‹ tdrftwGif;wGif tcsdef=umjrifhpGmaexdkif&rnfqdkvSsif tvGefpdwf&Snf
onf;cHEdkifpGrf; &dS&rnfjzpfonf? olwdk‹.toHtm; wpkHwOD;rsS r=um;&ap&eftwGuf
rdom;pk0if&SpfOD;wdk‹onf eHeuf 8 em&DcJGrS nae 6 em&DcJGwdkifatmif vkH;0rv_yf&Sm;&ay?
10 em&D=umatmif wavSsmufvkH; +idrfoufpGmxdkifae&jcif;onf ydkrdkpdwf&Snfonf;cHEdkif
&rnfjzpfonf? ae‹pOf&ufquf 3 ESpf=um vl 8 OD;ESifh twlwuG TuJhodk‹aexdkifcJhjcif;
a=umifh tefeDonf tvGefpdwf&Snfr_twGuf cHEdkif&nf&dSoljzpfonf? TuJhodk‹vkyfaqmif
EdkifcJhjcif;u tefeDonf ol&Jaumif;wpfa,mufjzpfa=umif; oufaoxlcJhonf?
tefeDz&ifhonf tvGef&J&ifholjzpfonf? i,fpOfu e,fomvefwGifaexdkifpOf olronf

pdwf xm;jzLpifol/ tm&kHpl;pdkufol/ vltrsm;tm; &,farmapwwfaom [moajymwwf
olav;tjzpf olr.q&mrsm;u ajymqdk=uonf? (ba&mif; 1991 ckESpf)? olonf t
&G,fESifhrvdkufatmif &ifhusufol/ aumif;rGefpGmaexdkifoljzpf+yD; rdrdukd,fodwwfolvnf;
jzpfonf[k olr.q&mrrsm;u ajymcJhonf? txl;ojzifh ausmif;wGif;jyZmwfrsm;wGif
yg0ifo&kyfaqmif&jcif;udk ESpfoufolvnf;jzpfonf? pdk;&drfylyefr_rsm;. xGufaygufwpfck
tjzpf 13 ESpfajrmufarG;ae‹wGif &&dScJhonfh ae‹pOfrSwfwrf;tm; tokH;jyKI &ifhusufvm&ef
olr avhusifhcJhonf? “pma&;csvdkufwdkif; usr&J‹tm&kHawGv_yf&Sm;vmw,f?”[k olr.
rSwfwrf;wGif azmfjyxm;onf? olronf pdwf"gwfcdkifrmolwpfOD;jzpfaoma=umifh olr.
b0wavsmufwGif &J&ifhr_udkjyoEdkifcJhonf? tcsufay;O=ooHrsm;tm; npOftdyf,m
xufwGif xdkifem;axmif+yD; rdom;pk0ifrsm;/ oli,fcsif;rsm;ESifh ta0;odk‹xGufcGmEdkifcJhjcif;
a=umifh olronf tvGef&J&ifholjzpfcJh&rnf? ywf0ef;usifwGif ppfjzpfaejcif;a=umifh AHk;oH/
aygufuJGoHrsm;udkvnf; =um;cJh&onf? olr.rSwfwrf;wGif azmfjyxm;onfhtwdkif; wnf
+idrfpGmaexdkif&jcif;r&dSonfhb0tm; jzwfoef;EdkifcJhjcif;u olr.&J&ifhr_tm; oufaoxl
cJhonf?
emrnfausmf olr.aeŒpOfrSwfwrf;tm; a&;om;EdkifcJhjcif;a=umifh *sL;vlrsdK; 6 oef;wdk‹.

b0rsm;/ *k%foduQmrsm;ESifhtwl ,if;wdk‹.toufrsm; tpkvdkuft+yHKvdkuf qkH;&_H;cJh=u&
onfudk urBmrSem;vnfoabmaygufEdkifcJhonf? tpkvdkufvlowfjcif;udk cHpm;awG‹óuH
cJh&oltjzpf olrtm;rSwfwrf;wifcHcJh&onf? olr&ifqdkifóuHawG‹cJh&onfh b0qdk;twGif;
arsSmfvifhcsufESifh &ifqdkifcJh&ykHtm; rSwfwrf;wifxm;onfhpmtkyfonf T&mpkESpf&dS oef;
aygif;rsm;pGmaomvlrsm;. ESvkH;onf;yGwftm; xdcdkufapEdkifcJhonf? (rlvm)? xdktcsdef
wGif óuHqkHcJh&onfhcg;oD;r_rsm;tm; olr.tultnDrygbJ ,ae‹acwfvlom;rsm;od&dS
Edkifvdrfhrnfr[kwfyg? tefeD‹ta=umif;wifjyxm;onfh jyZmwfwpfyk'fwGif yg0ifo&kyf
aqmifcJhonfhvli,fwOD;u atmfwdkz&ifhcfxH pma&;ta=umif;=um;cJhonf? tefeDonf
*sL;vlrsdK;twGufom &yfwnfcJholr[kwfbJ ,kH=unfr_/ tom;ta&mifESifh vlrdsK;uJGjym;&
jcif;a=umifh cHpm;=u&onfh rnfonfhvlom;twGufrqdk &yfwnfcJholjzpfa=umif; ol.
pmwGif azmfjycJhonf? (ba&mif; 1991 ckESpf)
tefeDz&ifhcfonf taumif;jrifwwfol/ pdwf&Snfonf;cHwwfol/ wudk,faumif;rqefol/

cdkifrmjywfom;oljzpfjcif;a=umifh ol&Jaumif;wpfOD;jzpfcJhonf? olronf tjcm;olrsm;
twGuf pHxm;&rnfholjzpfonf? rSm;,Gif;onfhvkyf&yf. om;aumifwpfOD;vnf;jzpfcJh
jcif;a=umifh Tvkyf&yfrsdK; xyfrHrjzpfyGm;&ap&ef wm;qD;Edkifbdk‹vnf; ulnDEdkifcJhonf?
w&m;rSswr_uif;pGmjzifh olraoqkH;cJh&onf? tu,fI olrtouf&Sif &yfwnfEdkifcJhvSsif
olronf toufqkH;&_H;r_a=umifhr[kwfbJ olr.b0&yfwnfr_jzifh ausmfaZmxif&Sm;rnfh
oljzpfonf?
16
toufu,fq,fa&;ol&Jaumif; tdkvm&m tdkwlEk

a&;ol - &Dbufum rpfvm
tdkvm&m tdkwlEkonf urBmw0Srf;&dSuav;i,frsm; txl;ojzifh ppfyJGrsm;/ vlrsdK;pkwdkufyJG

rsm;.om;aumif uav;i,frsm;twGuf udk,fcsif;pmempdwftjynfht0jzifh pGrf;aqmif
ulnDay;aeoljzpfonf? olonf ukvor*~. udk,fpm;vS,fa[mif;wpfOD;jzpfcJh+yD; av;
pm;xdkufonfh *k%fxl;aqmifqkaygif;rsm;pGm &&dScJholvnf;jzpfonf? uav;rsm;onf
usaemfwdk‹tm;vkH;. tem*wfjzpfonfhtwGuf tdkvm&m tdkwlEkonf 'kuQa&mufvG,f
onfh uav;rsm;. tzdk;wefonfh tem*wfrsm;ESifh toufrsm;tm; umuG,fay;onfh
vkyfief;rsm;tm; vkyfudkifaeonf?
tdkvm&m tdkwlEktm; ,l*ef'gajrmufydkif;wGif arG;zGm;cJh+yD; ,if;tcsdefwGif uav;rsm;onf

ausmif;wufEdkifcGifh&dSonfh ykHrSefb0rsm;tm; ydkifqdkifxm;=uonf? odk‹aomf ,cktcsdefwGif
ol‹arG;ZmwdwGif uav;trsm;pktwGuf xdkuJhokd‹tajctaer&dSawmhonfrSm 0rf;enf;
p&myifjzpfonf? urBmw0Srf;wGif&dSaom uav;i,frsm;twGufvnf; xdk‹twlyifjzpf
onf? tdkwlEkonf uav;i,frsm;. tajccHtcGifhta&;rsm;twGuf txl;wdkufyJG0if
oGm;&ef cdkifrmpGmqkH;jzwfxm;+yD;jzpfonf?
tdkvm&monf txufwef;ausmif;/ aumvdyfESifh ,l*ef'g&dS uefygvmwuUodkvfwdk‹wGif
ynmqnf;yl;cGifh &&dScJhonf? urBm}uD;tm; jyKjyifajymif;vJ&ef pdwftm;xufoefjcif;ESifh
Om%f&nfjrifhrm;jcif;wdkŒa=umifh atmufpzdk‹wuUodkvf. EdkifiHjcm;ynmoifqktjyif
[m;AwfOya'ausmif;rSvnf; ynmoifqk&&dScJhonf? tmbmeDOya'ausmif;wGif vuf
axmufuxdu wm0efrxrf;aqmifrSD tdkvm&monf e,l;a,mufwGif Oya'vkyfief;rsm;
vkyfudkifcJhonf?
tdkwlEkonf wuUodkvfausmif;om;b0wGif wuf=uGv_yf&Sm;olwpfOD;jzpfcJh+yD; ausmif;

om;or*~. OuUXtjzpfvnf; wm0ef,lcJhonf? ,if;tcsdefwGif tD'Datrifonf ol.
bmom&yfrsm;ESifh vkH;csmvnfaeonfh tcsdefjzpfonf? bJGŒ&&dS+yD;aemuf tdkwlEkonf
a&SŒaewpfOD;tjzpf vkyfudkifcJh+yD; u|rf;usifonfh 'DyvdkrufwpfOD;vnf;jzpfonf? olcspf
onfh ,l*ef'gEdkifiH&dS uav;i,frsm;. qdk;&Gm;vGef;onfh jcGwfjcHKusr_udk wdk;wufaumif;
rGefapa&;twGuf cdkifcdkifrmrm qkH;jzwfcsufcs vkyfudkifcJhonf? ukvor*~ taxGaxG
twGif;a&;rSL;. udk,fpm;vS,fESifh vufeufudkifta&;tcif;rsm;ESifh uav;rsm;.txl;
udk,fpm;vS,ftjzpf wm0efay;jcif;cH&onf? ol‹twGuf taumif;qkH;vufaqmifrGejf zpfchJ
onf? tdkwlEkonf ,if;wm0eftm; 1997 ckESpfrS 2005 ckESpftxd xrf;aqmifcJhonf?
ol.udk,fcsif;pmempdwfESifh xl;jcm;ajymifajrmufonfh acgif;aqmifr_a=umifh 2005 ckESpf

*sLvdkif 26 &ufaeŒwGif 1612 a=ujimpmwrf;[kac:wGifonfh xl;jcm;aumif;rGefonfh
Oya'rsm;udk ukvor*~wGif a&;qJGEdkifcJhonf? ,if;a=ujimpmwrf;wGif EdkifiHwumapmifh
=unfhavhvma&;ESifh tpD&ifcHpmwifonfhpepfrsm;tm; azmfaqmifEdkifcJhonf?
,if;pepfwGif “uav;rsm;tm;rw&m;vkyfjcif;rsm;udk aocsmpGmpdppf&SmazGI vkyfaqmif

olrsm;tm; trsm;od&dSatmif rSwfwrf;wifpm&if;jyKvkyfI xdkolwdk‹tm; EdkifiHwum
Oya'tqifhtwef;ESifhavsmfnDpGm w&m;pJGqdkta&;,ljcif;rsm;udk vkyfaqmifoGm;&ef yg&dS
onf? ta&;,lydwfqdk‹jcif;rsm;vnf; yg0ifrnfjzpfonf?”
urBmwv$m;wGif uav;rsm;tm; ppfyJGrsm;wGif tokH;csaejcif;rsm; wGifus,fvmaejcif;

rSm tvGefqdk;&Gm;ygonf? udkvHbD,mrS qD&mvD0rf;/ oD&dvuFmrS ql'ef/ ,l*ef'g/ jrefrmrS
tef*dkvmxdwdkifatmif vlowf&ef/ towfcH&&ef vufeufrsm;tjzpf uav;rsm;tm;
ppfyJGrsm;wGif tokH;jyKae=uonf? t&G,fa&muf+yD;olrsm;tm; &kef‹&if;=urf;wrf;onfh
tokH;tE_ef;rsm; ajymqdkwwfatmif twif;t=uyf vkyfaqmifaponf? a,musFm;av;
rsm;onf ppfom;tjzpf tokH;jyKcH&onfomru rdef;uav;i,frsm;onfvnf; om;
r,m;tjyKcH&onf? i,f&G,folrsm;onf ppfwyfrsm;. xrif;csuf/ owif;ay; (odkŒ)
axmufvSrf;a&;vkyfief;rsm; vkyfay;=u&onf[k tdkwlEku &Sif;jycJhonf?
2006 ckESpf azazmf0g&DvwGif urBmhbk&m;ausmif;rsm;aumifpDpnf;a0;wGif ukvor*~rS

Tvkyfief;udpPrsm;tm; aqmif&Guf&ef tcuftcJrsm;&dSaeonf[k xifjrif&a=umif;
tdkwlEku ajymqdkcJhonf? avhvmr_rsm;/ okawoejyKcsufrsm;ESifh tpDtpOfqJGjcif;rsm;tm;
rem;raejyKvkyf+yD; Tjzpfysufaer_rsm;tm; ajz&Sif;&ef=uHHh=umaer_rsm;ESifh tenf;i,f
r#om vkdufemvkyfaqmifae=uonfh tajctaetm; ajz&Sif;Edkifvdrfhrnfjzpfa=umif;
tdkwlEku aumufcsufcsonf? Tjy\emtm; atmufazmfjyygtqifhrsm;ESifh taumif
txnfazmfaqmif&Guf&ef jyKvkyfcJhonf?
 uav;rsm;tm; ppfyJGrsm;twGif;rS tumtuG,fay;a&;tm; today;wdkufwGef;

tm;ay;a&; vkyfaqmif&ef?
 wdusonfh xifomjrifomaom ta&;,lr_rsm;ESifh wkef‹jyefr_rsm;tm; zHGŒjzdK;atmif

vkyfaqmifa&;?
 vufawG‹usus vkyfaqmiftaumiftxnfazmf aqmif&Gufa&; vkyfief;rsm;wnf

axmif t&dSefjrSifh&ef?
 vkyfaqmifolrsm;ESifh azmufzsufjcif;rsm;tm; pm&if;jyKpkonfh tzJG‹tpnf;rsm; zJG‹

pnf;a&;?
 w&m;0if ta&;,laqmif&GufEdkifapa&; (pDatatpD) tm; zJG‹pnf;wnfaxmif&ef?
uav;rsm;tm; TuJhodkŒ vkyfaqmifapjcif;rsm;onf rvkyfoifha=umif;tm; tajccH

usus vkyfaqmifEdkifrnfh tcsufrsm;tm;a&;om; xkwfazmfajymqdkjcif;jzifh &Sif;vif;pGm
wifjycJhonf? tvkyfvkyfrnfhtzJG‹rsm;tm; pkpnf;ap+yD; tpkd;&at*sifpDrsm;tm; vuf
awG‹vkyfaqmif&ef rnfuJhodkŒ tultnDay;Edkifrnfudk olqkH;jzwfcJhonf? tqdkygtqifh
onf tqifhtm;vkH;wGif tcufcJqkH;jzpfonf? yxrtqifhtaejzifh vdkufemaqmif&Guf
jcif;r&dSonfhEdkifiHrsm;tm; vlodxif&Sm; rD;armif;xdk;jyjcif;jzpfonf? vdkufemr_r&dSjcif;rsm;
tm; tqkH;owfapa&;twGuf wdusonfhvkyfaqmifcsufrsm; tpDtpOfrsm;tm;a&;qJG
jcif;jzpfonf? tu,fI vdkufemjcif;r&dScJhvSsif ,if;tzJG‹0ifEdkifiHrsm;. acgif;aqmifrsm;
tm; xdcdkufEdkifrnfh ta&;,lr_rsm;udk vkH+cHKa&;aumifpDrS pOf;pm;&rnf? tqdkygta&;,lr_
rsm;wGif jynf0ifcGifhjiif;qefjcif;/ vufeufwifoGif;jcif;rsm;tm; ydwfyifjcif;/ ppfypPnf;
ulnDay;r_rsm;tm; wm;jrpfjcif;ESifh b¾maiGrsm;pD;qif;jcif;udk uef‹owfjcif;rsm; yg0if
ygonf?
axmifaygif;rsm;pGmaom uav;rsm;. b0rsm;ESifhtem*wfrsm;tm; tumtuG,fay;

Edkif&ef ukvor*~rS 0ifa&muf[ef‹wm;Edkifjcif;[laom tvGefta&;=uD;onfh tarGtESpf
tm; ol.ukvoufwrf;wGif vkyfaqmifxm;cJhonf? rsufarSmufumvwGif t,fbD
t,fazmifa';&Sif;rSwqifh ol.vkyfief;rsm;tm; qufvufvkyfaqmifaeonf? ,if;
azmifa';&Sif;onf uav;rsm;tm; ynmoif=um;ay;a&;wGif &if;ESD;jrSyfESHr_rsm;jyKvkyf
=u&ef wGef;tm;ay;ae=uonf? ppfyJGa=umifh ysufpD;qkH;&_H;r_rsm;tm; jyefvnfxlaxmif
a&;wGif ,if;vkyfief;pOfonf txda&mufqkH;jzpfonf?
uav;rsm;tm; tumtuG,fay;r_ aocsmap&efvkyfaqmifjcif;ESifh ynma&;vkyfief;

rsm;ESifh zHGŒ+zdK;wdk;wufa&; vkyfief;rsm;wGif &if;ESD;jrSyfESHjcif;onf +idrf;csrf;Iw&m;rSswonfh
vlr_todkif;t0dkif; wnfaqmufa&;wGif ta&;ygqkH;ESifh txda&mufqkH;enf;vrf;rsm;
jzpfonf?
17
b0u,fq,fa&;ol&Jaumif; “tiftm;jyif;aom toH”

a&;ol - atref'g rdkvDe&dk (tmAdkif;)
trdsK;orD;rsm;onf olwdkŒ. tajccHvdktyfcsufrsm;ESifh jynfhpkH&rnf? tajccHtcGifhta&;
rsm;tm; awmif;qdkydkifcGifh&dS+yD; *k%foduQm&dSpGmaexdkifEdkifI &nfrSef;csufrsm; jynfh0atmif
vkyfudkifEdkifcGifh&dSonf?
urBmay:wGif trdsK;orD;rsm;ESifh rdef;uav;i,frsm;onf c|wfjcHKtusqkH;ESifh cJGjcm;qufqH

tcH&qkH;jzpfonf? atmufygtcsufrsm;udk pOf;pm;=unfhyg/
 urBmay:wGif qif;&JpGmjzifhaexdkifae=u&aom vlom;aygif; 1 '\r 3 bDvD,H&dSonfh

teuf 70 &mckdifE_ef;onf trdsK;orD;rsm;ESifh rdef;uav;i,frsm;jzpf=uonf?
 trdsK;orD;rsm;onf urBm}uD;.tvkyfvkyfcsdef okH;ykHESpfykHvkyfudkifaomfvnf; 10 &m

E_ef;aomvkyftm;cudkom &&dSonf?
 trdsK;orD;rsm;onf urBm}uD;.ajr 1 &mckdifESKef;om ydkifqdkifaomfvnf; urBmhpm;eyf

&duQmxuf0ufudk xkwfvkyfolrsm;jzpfonf?
 cef‹rSef;ajct& t&G,fa&mufjyD; urBmhpmra&;wwf rzwfwwfolrsm; 876 oef;.
okH;ykHESpfykHrSm trsdK;orD;rsm;jzpfonf? ausmif;rwufa&mufEdkifonfh uav; 77 oef;t
euf okH;ykHESpfykHonf rdef;uav;rsm;jzpfonf?
ordkif;u t}udrf}udrfjyqdkvmonfESifhtrSs tjrifwlnDonfh woD;yk*~vtcsdK‹onf t

ajymif;tvJ jzpfay:vmap&ef rdrdwdk@udk,fudk t&nftcsif;jrSifhwifcJh=uonf? “tiftm;
jyif;aomtoH”tm; zJG@pnf;wnfaxmifI zHGŒòzd;qJEdkifiHrsm;wGif trdsK;orD;rsm;ESifh rdef;u
av;rsm;tay: cJGjcm;qufqHr_ tqkH;owfap&efvkyfaqmifrnfjzpfonf? zHGŒòzd;qJEdkifiHrsm;
wGif trdsK;orD;rsm;onf &if;jrpfrsm;ESifhxdawGŒEdkifcGifhenf;yg;aoma=umifh qif;&JrJGaw=u
&jyD; ‚if;wdkŒ.b0rsm;udk jrSifhwifEdkifjcif;r&dS=uyg? trdsK;orD;rsm;tm; t&nftcsif;jrSifh
wifay;jcif;onf tvGeftrif;qif;&Jjcif;ESifh cJGjcm;qufqHcH&jcif;rsm;rS vGwfuif;apEdkif
ouJhodk‹ wef;wlnDrSKESifh vkHjcHKrSKwdk‹vnf; wnfaqmufay;Edkifygonf? urBmw0Srf; qif;&J
aejcif;onf &if;jrpfrsm;ESifh ydkifqdkifrSKrsm;udk trsdK;orD;rsm;tm; uef‹owfxm;jcif;a=umifh
jzpfonf? trdsK;orD;rsm;&ifqdkifae&onfh Tb0tajctaersm;tm; ajymif;vJvdkufEdkif
vSsif trdsK;orD;rsm;onf ,if;wdk‹udk,fwdkif qif;&JwGif;rSvGwfajrmufatmif pGrf;aqmifEdkif
rnfjzpfonf? ,ciftzJG‹tpnf;rsm;u trdsK;orD;rsm;tm; qif;&Jjcif;.om;aumifrsm;
tjzpf qufqHaernfhtpm; “tiftm;jyif;aomtoH”onf trsdK;orD;rsm;tm; ‚if;wdk‹.
vlrSKtodkif;t0dkif;twGif; ajymqdkEdkifatmif t&nftaoG;jrSifhonfh vkyfief;rsm;udkvkyf
aqmifaeygonf?
2000 ckESpf ukvxdyfoD;tpnf;ta0;u 2015 ckESpfwGif tvGeftrif;qif;&JrSKtm; xuf

0ufavsmhcsrnf[k uwday;cJhonf? tvGeftrif;qif;&JpGm aexdkifae&onfh trsm;pkrSm
trdsK;orD;rsm;jzpfonfhtwdkif; ‚if;wdk‹wdk;wuf&ef tcGifhta&;rsm;ESifh &if;jrpfrsm;&&dSrS
omvSsif ukv.tqdkyg&nf&G,fcsuf jynfhajrmufrnfjzpfonf? “tiftm;jyif;aomtoH”
onf zHGŒðzd;qJEdkifiHrsm;&dS trdsK;orD;rsm;tm; qif;&JwGif;rS ,if;wdkŒudk,fwdkif &kef;xGufEdkif
a&;twGuf zHGŒðzd;jyD;EdkifiHrsm;&dS trdsK;orD;rsm;. tultnDrsm;tm; yHhydk;ay;jcif;tm;jzifh
ulnDaeygonf? “tiftm;jyif;aomtoH”onf twm;tqD;rsm;=um;rS tjcm;olrsm;
tm;ulnDay;aeonfh trsdK;orD; 3a,mufta=umif; rSwfwrf;wpfapmifjyKpkcJhygonf?
AD,uferftrdsK;orD; [efonf tdwfcsftdkifADjzpfaeaom rkqdk;rwOD;jzpfonf? olonf

“raoaomyef;” udk,fxludk,fxtzJGŒudk wnfaxmifcJhjyD; tdwfcsftdkifAD/ath'fpfjzpfaeol
rsm;tm;ulnDay;jcif;/ t=uHOm%fay;jcif;ESifh aq;ukoay;jcif;rsm; vkyfaqmifay;onf?
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