Universiti Malaysia ees eerie, FACULTY OF CHEMICAL AND NATURAL RESOURCES ENGINEERIN¢ FINAL EXAMINATION COURSE t UNIT OPERATION IT COURSE CODE t BKC3492 LECTURER t SUMAIYA ZAINAL ABIDIN @ MURAD DR HAYDER A. ABDUL BARI DATE L 8 MAY 2008 DURATION : 3 HOURS SESSION/SEMESTER + SESSION 2007/2008 SEMESTER II PROGRAMME CODE z BKC INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDAT! 1. This question paper consists of THREE (3) questions. Answer ALL, questions. 2. All answers to a new question should start on new page. 3. All the calculations and assumptions must be clearly stated. 4, Candidates are not allowed to bring any material other than those allowed by the invigilator into the examination room. EXAMINATION REQUIREMENTS: 1, TEXT BOOK entitled ‘Transport Processes and Unit Operations, Prentice Hall.” DO NOT TURN THIS PAGE UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO This examination paper consists of THREE (3) printed pages including front page.CONFIDENTIAL BKCI07081/BKC3492 QUESTION 1 A batch of wet seeds are dried used a batch tray dryer operating in constant drying conditions. The hot air draft used in the drying process was allowed only to be in contact with the top surface of the tray. It was recorded that the critical moisture content is 15% and the equilibrium moisture content is 3%. Nine hours (9) are needed to reduce the moisture content of the wet seeds feed from 42% to 6%, Assuming the drying rate is in the falling rate region where the rate is straight line from the critical point to the origin, and the dimensions of the trays used in the drying unit are 500 x 500 mm square and 42 mm thick, Calculate the time needed to dry out a sample of the same solid material from 32 to 5%, where the drying processed is assumed to be from the top and the bottom surfaces, (17 Marks) QUESTION 2 The data in Table 1 were taken in a constant-pressure filtration of slurry of CaCOs in H2O. The filter was a 0.1524m (6-in.) filter press with an area of 0.3048m? (1.0f¢). The slurry concentration, c, was 161.14 kg/m’ (10.06 Ib/f?) and the temperature is 25°C. The density of filtrate is 997.95 kg/m’. Table 1: Data from constant-pressure filtration 103.42 KN/m? (15 Ibyin’) 344,73 kN/mi™ (50 Ibvi?) pressure drop pressure drop Filtrate, kg Time, 5 Filirate, kg Time, s 2.268 50 2.268 19 4.536 181 = 4.536 8 6.804 385 6.804 142 9.072 660 9.072 241 11.340 1009) 11.340 368 13.608 1443 13.608 524 15.876 207 15.876 702 a) Calculate the values of a, and Rr, for each of the experiment. 0 Marks) ) The slurry is now to be filtered in a press having a total area of 18m”, The mass of solids in the cake is 336.56 kg and the mass of the particles deposited in the filter Per unit volume of filtrate is 174.6 kg/m? Assume that the filter medium resistance in the large press and specific cake resistance are the same as that in the laboratory filter. Calculate the actual volume of filtrate, V obtained in one cycle the filtration time, t (in minutes) required for both processes. (7 Marks)CONFIDENTIAL BKCIO7081/BKC3492 ©) The cake produced in part (b) of wash water equal to 10% and the total filter-cycle tim takes 20 minutes. is to be washed by through-washing using a volume of the filtrate volume, Calculate the time of washing e (in minutes) for both processes if cleaning the filter (7 Marks) 4) Comment on the effect of pressure drop tothe total filte-cycle time, (1 Marks) QUESTION 3 A crystallization process for producing perfect spheres of silica has been developed. Ty individual particles are so small that most cannot be discemed by the naked eye. Using optical microscopy, the particle size distribution has been measured, which results given in the Table 2 below. Crystal density is 1.65 g/m? and the slurry density is 0.169 g/em*, The crystal shape factor is 0.98, and the residence time + is 1.5 hours. Table 2: Particle Size Distribution of Silica Spheres Particle-Size Interval, ym | Number of Particle] 10-14 2 14-2.0 5 2.0-28 14 2.8-4.0 60 40-56 100 5.6-8.0 190 8.0- 12.0 250) 12.0- 16.0 160 16.0 - 22.0 110 22.0 - 30. 70 a ee a) Plot inn versus L graph, (34 Marks) 4) Determine the population density, n° and the nucleation growth rate, B° for the product crystals. Marks) ©) Determine the average size, Ly and predominant size, Ly forthe product crystals. (2 Marks) END OF QUESTION PAPER