Chest wall deformity

WHAT IS NORMAL SHAPE

OF CHEST WALL?
Abnormal shape of chest wall
1. Pigeon chest (pictus
carinatum)
2.Funnel chest (pectus
excavatum):
In ward depression of sternum due to
fibrous replacement of anterior
portion of the diaphragm
When it is severe heart my be
compressed and ventilatory
limitation of the lung
3.Harisson’s sulcus and
rachitic rosaries:
A depression on both sides of the
lower chest extending from
xyphoid process out wards and
down words (site of attachment of
diaphragm)
4.Unilateral bulge of chest wall:
• Presence of pneumothorax or
pleural effusion

• Compensatory emphysema

• Chest wall tumor

5.Unilateral retraction of chest
wall :
• Fibro thorax

• Collapse

• thoracoplasty
6.Barrel shape chest:

• Increase antroposterior diameter

• Up ward and out ward bulge of
chest
• Ribs became transverse
• Wide intercostals space
Spinal deformity
1.Scoliosis :
Lateral curvature of the spine
may alter the position of
mediastinum lead to
mediastinal compression and
ventilatory restriction
 Causes:

• Conginital
• Neuropathy:(poliomylitis-
cerebral palsy…)
• Myopathy
• Sex linked as Turner’s syndrome
2.Kyphoscoliosis
back ward and lateral displacement
of the spine

3. lordoscoliosis
4.Ankylosingspondiolitis:
calcification of inter vertebral
ligaments “ bamboo spine”