Gradualism and Punctuated Equilibrium

The theories of gradualism and punctuated equilibrium are the basis of all patterns in
evolution. Gradualism states that species come to be through gradual series of adaptations,
whereas punctuated equilibrium states that speciation occurs in bursts of genetic change with
long periods of equilibrium in between. Both of these theories are accepted as legitimate
explanations to evolution, and they occur depending on circumstances. With all small changes
within a population, they occur because of natural selection. As one trait or mutation is allowing
individuals with the trait or mutation to have a higher chance of surviving, the more likely the
gene will be passed on. This supports both the theories of gradualism, if the species has a rather
slow transformation of a population predominantly of a certain type of gene, and punctuated
equilibrium, if the mutations are coming and going very quickly.