Fuzzy Logic

11/6/2001
 Agenda

• General Definition
• Applications
• Formal Definitions
• Operations
• Rules
• Fuzzy Air Conditioner
• Controller Structure
 General Definition
Fuzzy Logic - 1965 Lotfi Zadeh, Berkely

• superset of conventional (Boolean) logic that has been

extended to handle the concept of partial truth
• central notion of fuzzy systems is that truth values (in
fuzzy logic) or membership values (in fuzzy sets) are
indicated by a value on the range [0.0, 1.0], with 0.0
representing absolute Falseness and 1.0 representing
absolute Truth.
• deals with real world vagueness
 Applications

• ABS Brakes
• Expert Systems
• Control Units
• Bullet train between Tokyo and
Osaka
• Video Cameras
• Automatic Transmissions
 Formal Definitions
• Definition 1: Let X be some set of objects, with elements noted as x.
• X = {x}.
• Definition 2: A fuzzy set A in X is characterized by a membership function
mA(x) which maps each point in X onto the real interval [0.0, 1.0]. As mA(x)
approaches 1.0, the "grade of membership" of x in A increases.
• Definition 3: A is EMPTY iff for all x, mA(x) = 0.0.
• Definition 4: A = B iff for all x: mA(x) = mB(x) [or, mA = mB].
• Definition 5: mA' = 1 - mA.
• Definition 6: A is CONTAINED in B iff mA  mB.
• Definition 7: C = A UNION B, where: mC(x) = MAX(mA(x), mB(x)).
• Definition 8: C = A INTERSECTION B where: mC(x) = MIN(mA(x), mB(x)).
 Operations

A B

A B A B A
 Controller Structure
• Fuzzification
– Scales and maps input variables to fuzzy sets
• Inference Mechanism
– Approximate reasoning
– Deduces the control action
• Defuzzification
– Convert fuzzy output values to control signals
 Rule Base

Air Temperature Fan Speed

• Set cold {50, 0, 0} • Set stop {0, 0, 0}

• Set cool {65, 55, 45} • Set slow {50, 30, 10}
• Set just right {70, 65, 60} • Set medium {60, 50, 40}
• Set warm {85, 75, 65} • Set fast {90, 70, 50}
• Set hot {, 90, 80} • Set blast {, 100, 80}
default: Membership
Rules
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Air Conditioning Controller Example:

• IF Cold then Stop

• If Cool then Slow
• If OK then Medium
• If Warm then Fast
• IF Hot then Blast
 Fuzzy Air Conditioner
0

100
st If Hot
B la then
90
Blast

80 Fa
st If Warm
then
70 Fast

60
Med If Just Right
ium then
50 Medium

40 IF Cool
Sl then
ow
30 Slow

if Cold
20
then Stop

10
St
op

1
m

t
Ho
ol

ar
Co

W
Co

Rig t
J us
ht
ld

45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90
 Mapping Inputs to Outputs
1
0

100
st
90 Bla t

80 Fa
s t

70

60
Me
dium
50

40
Sl
ow
30

20

10
St
op

t
ol

Ho
ar
Co

W
Co

t
ht
Ju s
R ig
ld

45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90