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Macro Environment

Marketing Management - 1

Dr Omkumar Krishnan
Faculty, IBS, Bangalore
Macro Environment
• Physical Environment
• Social Environment
• Cultural Factors
• Demographic Forces
• Science and Technology
• Economic Forces
• Political Environment
• Legal Forces

Dr Omkumar Krishnan
Faculty, IBS, Bangalore
Physical Environment

• Natural Resources
• Climate
• Ecosystem (Green Marketing)

Dr Omkumar Krishnan
Faculty, IBS, Bangalore
Social Environment
• Society
• Community
• Social Class & Caste
• Socialisation
• Globalisation

Dr Omkumar Krishnan
Faculty, IBS, Bangalore
Cultural Factors

• Values
• Norms
• Beliefs
• Ethnocentrism (Pluralist Society)
• Modernisation / Westernisation

Dr Omkumar Krishnan
Faculty, IBS, Bangalore
Demographic Forces
• Age
• Gender
• Family / Household
• Migration
• Stereotypes (Lifestyles)

Dr Omkumar Krishnan
Faculty, IBS, Bangalore
Science and Technology
• Knowledge
• Skills
• Education
• Technology
• Internet

Dr Omkumar Krishnan
Faculty, IBS, Bangalore
Economic Forces

• Economic System
• Competition
Monopoly Oligopoly Monopolistic
• Economic Conditions
Recession -----Depression
• Standard of Living - GDP & GNP
• Physical Quality of Life
Dr Omkumar Krishnan
Faculty, IBS, Bangalore
Political Environment

• National – State – Local Bodies


• Democracy
• Executive
• Nation State

Dr Omkumar Krishnan
Faculty, IBS, Bangalore
Legal Forces

• Constitution- Union, State & Concurrent


• Legislations
• Judiciary
• Bureaucracy
• Specific Industrial Regulatory bodies

Dr Omkumar Krishnan
Faculty, IBS, Bangalore
Marketing Management

• Interaction within Environment


• Corporate Social Responsibility
• Changes in Environment
• Multinationals ?

Dr Omkumar Krishnan
Faculty, IBS, Bangalore

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