Bai giang sé 17 HAM 8S PHAN THUC Cu tric ciia bai gidng nay tuong ty nhw cu tric ciia bai gidng s6 16 (ham sé da thite). §1. BAI TOAN TIEP TUYEN VOI HAM SO PHAN THUC Kién thize co ban xin xem trong tiét | — bai gidng s6 16, Sau day xét cdc dang toan co ban Logi 1: Tiép tuyén tai m6t diém cho truée trén duéng cong. Phuong phap gidi nhu da trinh bay trong loai 1, §1 bai gidng 16. Thi du 1: (Dé thi oe sinh Dai hgc khdi D — 2007) Cho duéng cong y = Xo. x+ Tim diém M € (C) sao cho tiép tuyén tai M cla (C) ct Ox, Oy tai A, B sao cho dign tich tam giée OAB bing - 6 day O 1a géc toa dé. G 2 : Goi ms a | € (©) la diém can tim. Ta 06 y°(x0) = 0 (xo#1) Do dé phuong trinh tiép tuyén voi (C) tai M Ia: 2X9 2 2 2x} : = CC (). Xotl (mr 0) (ny G +1) rs Tit (1) suy ra A =(-x0s 0) va B | 0;—2%0 > (x0 +1) Tac6:Soqg = ZA 0B =4|-x3 |_2x0_| Q). : 1 xo 1 Tir (2) suy ra: Sgap=— (3). 4 (xo+l) 4 Giai (3) ta duge x9= 1 hode xy= c Nhu vay Mi(1; 1) va Ma-35-2) la hai diém can tim trén (C). 303Thi du 2: (Dé thi tuyén sinh Dai hoe khéi B- 2006) Cho dudng cong y = =) Viét phuong trinh tiép tuyén vi (C) biét x ring tiép tuyén vudng géc véi tiém can xién cia (C). Gidi Dé thdy y = x ~ 1 la tigm e€n xién cua (C) (ban doc ty nghigm Ki). Khi dé tiép tuyén (d) cn tim do vudng géc vdi tigm cén xién nén cé hé s6 goc bang -1. Goi xo la hoanh dé tiép diém, ta co: ey ee XG + 4X9 +3 (xp #2)" 3 Dé dang giai (1) va ta cé: xg =-24 7 Ap dung céng thite y — yo = y’(xo)(x — Xo) ta suy ra c6 hai tiép tuyén cdn tim la: y = -x +2V2-5 vay= -x-2V2-5. Thi du 3: 2 Cho duang cong y = eto. <= Tim diém Me (C) dé tigp tuyén cat Ox, Oy tuong img tai A, B sao cho OAB la tam giac vung can. G Ggi M € (C) la diém cin tim. Dé thay tiép tuyén véi (C) tai M c6 dang: | =) (). Xp-l Bang cach lan lugt cho y =0 (cho x=0) trong (1), ta dé dang suy ra: fe 2xb+2x0-1 9 Ae 0,280 +2%0 =! 1 =x} + 2x +2 Co. Tam giéc OAB vu6ng can khi va chi khi: OA=0B> 0 [28 *2%-1] Pw t2~H= 1) 2) -x? +2x) +2 (% - 1y Giai (2) va thu duge xp = =~ Vay trén (C) cé hai diém can tim la My, Mp véi hoanh 46 tuong ing 1a _2+v6 pe 27s eoThi du 4: Viét phuong trinh tiép tuyén véi ae biét tiép tuyén tao véi dudng thing d:y = 2x + 1 mét géc 45°, Goi ay 1a hé 36 géc tia tigp tuyén. Vi tigp tuyén tao véi d mot géc 45° va do d c6 hé 86 géc bang 2, nén ta cd: Goi Xo la hoanh d6 ctia tiép diém, ta 66 ay = y"(Xo) = a >0. (Xo +2) : | oe [s (x42) 3 Lxo=-5 Tit dé ap dung, cong thite y — yo = y’(Xo)(X — Xo) Suy ra c6 hai tiép tuyén can 1 14 timlizy = tx42 vay= tx l4, oo a Chi ¥: Ta da sir dung céng thire quen biét sau: d), d; la hai dudng thang cé hé sé goc lan lurgt la k), k2. Khi dé néu goi a la géc gitta d, va dy thi Ta 6 ay = —3 bj loai, con ay tana = (di nhién khong xét khi dy 1 2). Thi du $: Cho duong cong y = —** + ©) va M [a mt diém bat ki trén (C). Goil giao diém ctia hai tigi in. Tigpt a tai M cat hai tigm can tai A, B. 1/ Ching minh M [a trung diém cia AB 2/ Ching minh tiép tuyén tai M khong di qua I. . Ap dung céng thire viét phurong trinh tiép tuyén ta cd phuong trinh tiép tuyén vi (C) tai diém M la: yo tg (x xp) B24 ay (x03) 1/ Ro rang x =3 vay = Iugt 1a tigm cain ce va tigm céin ngang ciia (C). Goi A, B tuong mg Ia giao diém ciia tiép tuyén (1) voi tiém cn dimg va tiém can 2, ).0- (2x9 -3:3) ngang. Khi dé dé thay A= [2 + x 305