Homework 1, due January 15, 1999 Problem 1. Ashcroft-Mermin 4.1 For all three parts itis dear that the paints on the comers of the original simple cubic lattioe have the same environment. We noed to compare the earner points with the new points (@) New points have same environment. Always sumounded by four atoms in aa square in the horizental plane and two atams in the vertical direction, It is a Bravais lattice, Primitive vectas: a, = $(2+ 9), = 44-9), 7 =a2, Tetragcnal lattice, (b) Different environment. Nearest: neighbors of comer points are new points. Each comer point has 8 nearest neighbors an they fom a tetragonal Block The new points also have 8 nearest neighbors (four old corner Points and four new points), but they form a tetragonal block that is rotated from the other one. Difference in direction. Simple cubic with basis: di = b= 4¢+2), &=49+2)- (©) Comer atoms have6 nearest neighbors, but new atoms only have two. Not a Bravais lattice, Simple aubic with a basis: di = d = 84, ds = 90, d=4e. Problem 2, Ashcroft-Mermin 43 ‘Use Figure 4.18 with a=1. Central atom E at £ = 4(¢+9+ 2). Nearest a 36+» C= 3042) D (242). ? V5. Distance DE = Distance AE by symmetry. Cosine rule: AD? = AF? + ED? - 2AEDEax(a) gives exs(a) = -4 Problem 3. Ashcroft-Mermin 44 (@) By construction, for every vector in the Bravais lattice the inverse vectors, ako in the Bravais lattice. Following the construction of the WignerSeitz cell using bysecting lines we find that for every side of the WignerScitz call there is another that is the inverse of this. The rmmber of sides of the Wigner-Scitz cell is even. Two is not possible, hence the mumber of sides is four (rectangk), six(hexegon), or more.‘Take one Bravais lattice point as origin O, The nearest BL point is A. ‘There is a second point at -A. Take the closest point to O not an the line OA. Call this B. Construct the line namal to OA through O, Assume B is on the left of this line, There is a BL point C on the line through B paralld to OA and on the right of this line with BC=OA. Any other BL Point on BC will not contribute a side to the Wigner-Seitz col, since it has to be further out than A,B,C, and -A. Similarly, on the other side of OA ‘we find the points -B, -C. The Wigner-Seitz cell a hexagon, unless B is on the normal line constructed before, in which case the cell Sa rectangle. (©) One diggonal connects 4(1,1,0) and $(1,0,1). Length 4V3. ‘The other iggonal connects (1, 1,1) and $(1, 1,3), length & (half the cube!), Ratio vi (@ We do (@) first. Look at Figure 4.15 in the book:Take the central point as the crigin. Tk looks as if the hexagon faces could have sides of tivo different lengths, but opposite sides of the haxagon mist have the same length since they are in contact when we add a second Wigner-Seitz, cell centered cn a comer point, (©) The comass of the square on top are given by (+2,0, 8) and (0, +, 4) The Jeng ofthis side is bv. Points on the square on the right face are given. by (4,—$,0) and (0,—§,:£5). ‘The distance between a point on the top avg syne eh eee ben by) and (Q,—8,0). This is —DyV3. Therefore b= (4 — B) and b= 4 and the length is $V. Problem 4. Ashcroft-Mermin 4.5 @ Vosk a fue 4.29 ant we steers. We gt Fal = Heys) 7 2R, c= ||. The second equation Geli Fees = 4R? and since the angle between the first two een ce degrees we have [ti + | = av3 or fa? + $2 = 4F? with a = 2R we get $c? = $0? which gives the required result. (0) de bce cui phase Ts = Has wile One hep phase Vis = egycy. Using theideal c/a ratio we find Viffs = Zajy. I'these volumes are the same: da, = Boj, or ay = 2-tac. This gives ay = 3.77Ang. Problem 5. Ashcroft-Mermin 4.7 ‘Write the points in the form (Lm,n) where all values are allowed for simple cubic, where Lim.n are all even ot odd for bee, and where H-m-+n is even for foc. ‘The number of vectors is the number of different permutations, inchaling sign changes, we can make Out of (m,n). Ordered by Iength we haveweet [NTT Be ooo TTT xX] x Tx CO 110 [2 x Tips |X LX Zoo pop x PX px 210 [24 Zio By BPX PX TX 2212 3006 Blo tps X SLT [24 x sp xX[X B20 [Pa] x 321 [7X x an 16 [XP XTX Fram tis we find easily (hote we give Resquared) Nac] R2sc [ N bec [ Raber [Nic ipefiys 3 | 2 zpaz p26 T 6 aps} 3 |] 8) a a Spas fs [2 es a