㄀1ゴ ㅔऩᢝय़ᴚ㒧ᵘ

‫ݼ‬㼯
䱣ⴔ䅵ㅫᴎᡔᴃⱘ᮹Ⲟ᱂ঞˈ䅵ㅫᴎᎹ‫݋‬೼ᦤ催⼒Ӯ⫳ѻ࡯ᮍ䴶থ᣹њ䍞ᴹ䍞䞡㽕ⱘ
԰⫼ˈ⡍߿ᰃCAD/CAE/CAM೼ᎹϮ⬠ⱘ᮹Ⲟ៤❳੠᱂ঞˈᵕ໻ഄᦤ催њᎹϮ䆒䅵੠⫳ѻ
ᬜ⥛ˈ䍞ᴹ䍞໮ⱘҎ䗤⏤❳ᙝ䖭ѯᔎ᳝࡯ⱘᎹ‫ˈ݋‬ৠᯊᇍ䖭ѯᡔᴃ㒭ᎹϮ⬠ⱘ᥼ࡼ԰⫼䗤
⏤䅸ৃDŽ䍞ᴹ䍞໮ҢџⴔҢ䆒䅵ࠄ⫳ѻ৘Ͼ⦃㡖ⱘᎹ⿟Ҏਬ੠೼᷵ᄺ⫳䗤ℹ៤Ў䖭ϔᮄᡔ
ᴃⱘЏ㽕⫼᠋㕸ԧDŽ
᳝䰤‫ߚܗ‬ᵤᡔᴃᏆ㒣থሩ៤Ў䅵ㅫᴎ䕙ࡽߚᵤCAEⱘḌᖗDŽ⫼CAEᮍ⊩ৃҹ‫ޣ‬ᇥ៪䙓
‫ܡ‬⠽⧚⌟䆩䖛⿟ˈ䗮䖛䅵ㅫᴎ῵ᢳ᳔ᙊࡷ䕑㥋੠Ꮉ‫މ‬ϟ䳊ӊ៪㒧ᵘⱘᎹ԰ᚙ‫⹂ޚˈމ‬ഄ䅵
ㅫ݊ᑨ࡯ᑨবˈՓѻક೼䆒䅵䰊↉ህ㛑໳ᇍ᭄݊ᄺ῵ൟⱘ৘乍ᗻ㛑䖯㸠䆘Ԅˈঞᮽথ⦄䆒
䅵Ϟᄬ೼ⱘ䯂乬ˈҢ㗠໻໻㓽ⷁ䆒䅵ᓔথ਼ᳳDŽ
⡍߿ᰃ䞛⫼᳝䰤‫ߚܗ‬ᵤᡔᴃঞ݊Ӭ࣪ᡔᴃˈ㛑໳ᬍ䖯㒧ᵘ䆒䅵খ᭄ˈՓ݊೼⒵䎇ᔎᑺ
੠߮ᑺⱘᚙ‫މ‬ϟ‫݋‬᳔᳝ড়⧚ⱘ㒧ᵘDŽ೼ᑨ⫼Ѣᮄѻકᓔথ੠㗕ѻકᬍ䗴ᮍ䴶ˈ㛑໳ᦤկᇍ
݊ᔎᑺǃᑨ࡯ߚᏗ⢊‫ߚⱘމ‬ᵤˈ߽⫼Ӭ࣪䆒䅵ᮍ⊩ᇍ݊䖯㸠ᔶ⢊੠㒧ᵘӬ࣪䆒䅵ˈҢ㗠೼
䆒䅵Ϟᦤկᡔᴃᬃᣕ੠⧚䆎ᣛᇐDŽ
԰ЎⳂࠡ೑‫ݙ‬᳔Ў⌕㸠ⱘANSYS䕃ӊˈ೼Ꮉ⿟䅵ㅫǃᬭᄺᅲ䏉੠⾥ᄺⷨおᮍ䴶Ꮖ㒣⿃
㌃њ໻䞣ⱘᑨ⫼ᅲ՟DŽ⡍߿ᰃ೼᷵ᄺ⫳䍞ᴹ䍞᱂ঞњᇍANSYS䕃ӊⱘњ㾷੠ᑨ⫼ˈϡᇥᄺ
᷵䌁фњANSYS䕃ӊˈᑊᓔሩњϔ㋏߫ᄺд੠᥼ᑓANSYSᑨ⫼ⱘ⛁╂ˈѦ㘨㔥ϞⱘANSYS
䅼䆎ುഄг᮹Ⲟ☿⟚DŽ
೼䖭ḋϔϾ㑶㑶☿☿ⱘANSYS⌕㸠ᯊᳳˈᴀкৃҹ䅽߱ᄺ㗙ᖿ䗳ǃܼ䴶ഄᥠᦵANSYS
ⱘՓ⫼㽕乚ˈᅠ៤᳔ϔ㠀ⱘᎹ⿟㒧ᵘߚᵤDŽᴀкҹANSYS催㑻ߚᵤЎЏ㽕‫ݙ‬ᆍˈ㒧ড়ᅲ՟
䆆㾷ANSYSⱘ᪡԰ੑҸ੠ߚᵤ䖛⿟ˈᰃЎ߱ᄺ㗙ᦤկⱘǃ㛑໳ᖿ䗳ᦤ催ANSYSߚᵤ䅵ㅫ㛑
࡯ⱘᅲ⫼ᬭ⿟DŽ
ᴀк䞛⫼ANSYSੑҸ㸠ᮍᓣˈҢ᳔㒣‫࡯ⱘ݌‬ᄺ䯂乬ܹ᠟ˈ䞛⫼⧚䆎ߚᵤ੠ANSYS䅵ㅫ
Ⳍ㒧ড়ˈ䞡⚍ߚᵤ῵ൟㅔ࣪ˈᇍ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ䖯㸠ߚᵤ੠↨䕗ˈՓ䇏㗙೼ᇍ䯂乬᳝ϔϾ໻㟈ⱘ
ᡞᦵৢˈᓔྟᓎ῵䅵ㅫˈᑊᇍ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰⱘℷ⹂ᗻ੠‫⹂ޚ‬ᗻ԰ߎ‫߸⹂ޚ‬ᮁDŽ
ᄺӮANSYS䕃ӊⱘՓ⫼ᑊϡ䲒ˈᕫࠄ੠䅵ㅫ῵ൟϔ㟈ⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰгϡ໾䲒ˈ᳔ೄ䲒ⱘ
ᰃ˖ᕫࠄ੠ᅲ䰙῵ൟϔ㟈ⱘ㒧ᵰˈᑊ㛑ߚᵤߎ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ੠ᅲ䰙ᚙ‫ⱘމ‬ᏂᓖDŽ㾷‫އ‬䖭Ͼೄ䲒
ⱘᮍ⊩া᳝ϔᴵˈህᰃ໻䞣ߚᵤㅫ՟⿃㌃䍋ᴹⱘᅲ䰙䅵ㅫ㒣偠DŽᴀкⱘㅫ՟ህᰃᐂࡽ䇏㗙
೼䴭࡯ߚᵤ੠ࡼ࡯ߚᵤᮍ䴶ˈᇍᴚǃṕǃᵓ໇੠ᅲԧ㒧ᵘ῵ൟঞ৘㉏㒧ᵘߚᵤऩ‫ܗ‬⡍ᗻᓔ
ྟᡔᴃ⿃㌃੠Єᆠ㒣偠ⱘ䖛⿟DŽⳌֵ䇏㗙೼䇏ᅠᴀкˈᑊ㒧ড়᠔䰘‫Ⲭܝ‬ㅫ՟ⱘⓨ㒗ৢˈϔ
ᅮӮব៤ϔԡANSYSߚᵤ催᠟DŽϡҙ೼䕃ӊ᪡԰ᮍ䴶ˈ᳈໮ⱘᰃ೼㒧ᵰ䆘Ӌ੠῵ൟ⧚䆎ߚ
ᵤᮍ䴶៤ЎϔϾ㒣偠ЄᆠⱘϧᆊDŽ
ᴀк೼㓪‫ݭ‬䖛⿟ЁᕫࠄњӓⳳѦࡼ㔥キϞⱘ䆌໮᳝䰤‫ܗ‬⠅ད㗙ⱘᐂࡽ੠ᬃᣕDŽৠᯊ៥
г䴲ᐌᛳ䇶݄Ꮂ⧚Ꮉ໻ᄺⱘৠџ੠៥ⱘᆊҎᇍᴀҎᎹ԰ⱘᬃᣕ੠⧚㾷DŽᴀкⱘ䚼ߚ䌘᭭ᴹ
⑤ѢANSYS偠䆕ㅫ՟੠খ㗗᭛⤂ˈ⡍৥ҪӀ㸼⼎ᛳ䇶DŽ
ৠᯊгᛳ䇶ᴎẄᎹϮߎ⠜⼒࣫Ҁᯊҷ䞥⾥⾥ᡔ᳝䰤݀ৌᇍ԰㗙ⱘֵӏ੠䋷ӏ㓪䕥Ўᴀ
кߎ⠜᠔Ҭߎⱘ䕯ࢸᎹ԰ʽ
ܼк⬅䙶䴭ᖴǃ⥟∌ቫ੠䰜ᰧ䳲Џ㓪ˈᴅ⠅㑶ǃᅟᲺǃ咘䖒᭛ǃᴼ䴭ᅕǃ⒩‫ܚ‬᯹ǃᕤ
➩ǃᓴᬣǃ偀㓈֞ǃᕤ∌৯ǃⱑ䞥⋑ǃ㨷∌佭ǃᅟ᜻㢇ㄝখϢњ䚼ߚ㓪‫ݭ‬Ꮉ԰DŽ
䡈Ѣᯊ䯈ҧ֗੠԰㗙䅸䆚ⱘሔ䰤ˈкЁ䫭䇃೼᠔䲒‫⃶ˈܡ‬䖢䇏㗙ᡍ䆘ᣛℷDŽ

кЁ⿟ᑣৃҹҢhttp://hsingjzh.welan.comˈ៪㗙http://www.welan.com/author/personal/
hsingjzh/hsingjzh.aspϟ䕑DŽ
԰㗙⬉ᄤ䚂ㆅ˖hsingjzh@sina.comDŽ

㓪㗙

2004 ᑈ 5 ᳜ ࣫Ҁ
 Ⳃ ᔩ

Ⱍ ᒄ
せ1ヶ ᪈႕ჍҺヶ

㄀1ゴ ㅔऩᢝय़ᴚ㒧ᵘ
1.1 䫄᥹ᴚ೼໪࡯԰⫼ϟⱘবᔶ
1.2 Ҏᄫᔶሟᶊⱘ䴭࡯ߚᵤ
1.3 䍙䴭ᅮᢝय़ᴚⱘড࡯䅵ㅫ
1.4 ᑇ㸠ᴚӊϢ߮ᗻṕ䖲᥹ⱘ⛁ᑨ࡯䯂乬
1.5 ッ䚼᳝䯈䱭ⱘᴚⱘ⛁㝼㚔

㄀2ゴ ṕⱘᔃ᳆䯂乬
2.1 ㄝ៾䴶ㅔऩ䍙䴭ᅮṕⱘᑇ䴶ᔃ᳆ߚᵤ
2.2 Ꮉᄫᔶ៾䴶໪Ԍṕⱘᑇ䴶ᔃ᳆
2.3 ⶽᔶ៾䴶ṕⱘ㒉῾ᔃ᳆ߚᵤ
2.4  㞖ṕⱘঠ৥ᔃ᳆
2.5 ೚ᔶ៾䴶 㞖ᴚⱘᔃᡁ㒘ড়বᔶ
2.6  㞖ㄝᔎᑺṕⱘᔃ᳆
2.7 ᔍᗻഄ෎ञ᮴䰤䭓ṕ೼ッ䚼࡯੠࡯‫ي‬԰⫼ϟⱘবᔶ
2.8 ‫أ‬ᖗফय़ᴚⱘ໻বᔶߚᵤ

㄀3ゴ ᴚ㋏〇ᅮᗻ䅵ㅫ
3.1 ߽⫼ṕऩ‫ܗ‬䅵ㅫय़ᴚ〇ᅮᗻ
3.2 ߽⫼ᅲԧऩ‫ܗ‬䅵ㅫय़ᴚ〇ᅮᗻ
3.3  㞖य़ᴚⱘ䖛᳆ሜߚᵤ
3.4 ᑇ䴶䩶ᶊⱘᑇ䴶໪༅〇

㄀4ゴ ᅲԧ῵ൟᑨ࡯ߚᵤ
4.1 ഛᏗ㥋䕑԰⫼ϟ⏅ṕⱘবᔶ੠ᑨ࡯
4.2 ϔᇍ䲚Ё࡯԰⫼ϟⱘ೚⦃
4.3 ⫼ᅲԧऩ‫ߚܗ‬ᵤব៾䴶ᴚⱘᢝԌ
4.4 ⫼Ѡ㓈ᅲԧऩ‫ߚܗ‬ᵤㄝ៾䴶 㞖ṕⱘᑇ䴶ᔃ᳆48
4.5 ব៾䴶 㞖ṕ೼ッ䚼䲚Ё࡯԰⫼ϟⱘᑇ䴶䴭࡯ߚᵤ
4.6 㒃ᔃ᳆ 㞖᳆ṕⱘѠ㓈䴭࡯ߚᵤ
4.7 ッ䚼䲚Ё࡯԰⫼ⱘ 㞖೚⦃᳆ṕᑇ䴶ᔃ᳆ⱘϝ㓈ߚᵤ
4.8 ഛࣔᢝ࡯԰⫼ϟ৿೚ᄨᵓⱘᄨ䖍ᑨ࡯䲚Ё
4.9 ϸッ೎ᅮⱘ८ຕㅵ䘧೼㞾䞡԰⫼ϟⱘবᔶ੠ᑨ࡯
 ANSYS7.0ߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

㄀5ゴ 㝰੠㭘໇䯂乬
5.1 ৿ἁ೚ᄨⱘἁ೚㭘㝰೼໪䚼ᓴ࡯԰⫼ϟⱘ䴭࡯ߚᵤ
5.2 ೚ᔶ㭘㝰໻বᔶ䴭࡯ߚᵤ
5.3 ᷅ᔶᆍ఼೼‫ݙ‬य़԰⫼ϟⱘ䴭࡯ߚᵤ
5.4 ೚᷅ᔶ㭘໇೼ഛࣔ‫ݙ‬य़԰⫼ϟⱘ䴭࡯ߚᵤ

㄀6ゴ ᵓⱘᔃ᳆੠໇ԧ䅵ㅫ
6.1 ㅔᬃ੠೎ᬃ೚ᵓⱘ೼ϡৠ㥋䕑԰⫼ϟⱘᔃ᳆
6.2  㞖䭓ᵓⱘ໻ᣴᑺᔃ᳆
6.3 ⫼໇ԧऩ‫ߚܗ‬ᵤফഛᏗ㥋䕑԰⫼ⱘ೎ᬃ೚ᵓ໻ᣴᑺᔃ᳆
6.4 ߽⫼ᢝԌ᪡԰ᓎゟ㝼㚔ᔃㅵ῵ൟ
6.5 ϸッㅔᬃᓔষ᷅໇೼㞾䞡԰⫼ϟⱘ䴭࡯ߚᵤ
6.6 ೚ㄦ೼ϔᇍ῾৥䲚Ё࡯԰⫼ϟⱘবᔶ
6.7 ϸ䖍ㅔᬃᓔষ᷅໇೼䲚Ё࡯԰⫼ϟⱘ໻বᔶ᳆ሜ

㄀7ゴ ㅔऩᤃࡼ㋏㒳
7.1 ऩ㞾⬅ᑺᔍㇻ䋼䞣㋏㒳ⱘ乥⥛䅵ㅫ
7.2  ㋶㞾⬅ᤃࡼⱘ乥⥛
7.3 ⫼ᔍㇻऩ‫ܗ‬䖲᥹ⱘ೚Ⲭⱘᡁ䕀ᤃࡼ
7.4 ೚ᴚ䖲᥹೚Ⲭⱘᡁ䕀ᤃࡼ
7.5 䪏ᴚⱘᡁ䕀㞾⬅ᤃࡼ

㄀8ゴ ṕⱘᤃࡼߚᵤ
8.1 ㅔᬃṕⱘ㞾ᤃ乥⥛䅵ㅫ
8.2 㞾⬅-㞾⬅ṕⱘ㒉৥㞾⬅ᤃࡼ
8.3 ᳝䕈৥य़࡯԰⫼ⱘㅔᬃṕⱘ㞾⬅ᤃࡼ
8.4 ⫼໇ԧऩ‫ܗ‬䅵ㅫ 㞖ㄝᔎᑺṕⱘ㞾⬅ᤃࡼ
8.5 ⶽᔶ៾䴶㭘ຕ 㞖ṕⱘ㞾⬅ᤃࡼ

㄀9ゴ 㝰ᵓ੠ᅲԧᤃࡼ
9.1 ೚ᔶᓴ㋻㭘㝰ⱘ㞾⬅ᤃࡼ
9.2 㭘㝰Ѡ㓈䴲䕈ᇍ⿄㞾⬅ᤃࡼߚᵤ
9.3 㭘㝰ϝ㓈䴲䕈ᇍ⿄ᤃࡼߚᵤ
9.4  㞖䭓ᵓⱘ㞾⬅ᤃࡼ乥⥛
9.5  㞖ᆑᵓⱘ῵ᗕߚᵤ
9.6 ೎ᬃ೚ᵓⱘ㞾⬅ᤃࡼ
9.7 ⫼ᅲԧऩ‫ߚܗ‬ᵤ೚⦃ⱘᤃࡼ
9.8 ᴎ㗐῵ൟⱘᤃࡼߚᵤ
 Ⳃ ᔩ

㄀10ゴ ᑇ䴶ᓎ῵ߚᵤ੠ϝ㓈ᅲԧᓎ῵
10.1 ᏺϝϾ೚ᄨⱘᑇ䴶ᬃᑻߚᵤ
10.2 㾦ᬃᑻᑨ࡯ߚᵤ
10.3 ゟԧ᭰ᬃᑻⱘᅲԧᓎ῵
10.4 ಯߚПϔ䔺䕂ᅲԧᓎ῵
10.5 䕈ᡓᬃᑻⱘᅲԧᓎ῵

㄀11ゴ ᳔Ӭ࣪䆒䅵
11.1 ᳔Ӭ࣪䆒䅵㒾䆎
11.2 ᳔Ӭ࣪䯂乬Ḛᶊ
11.3 ANSYSӬ࣪䆒䅵⌕⿟
11.4 ব៾䴶 㞖ṕⱘ໪ᔶᔶ⢊Ӭ࣪
11.5 ᑇ䴶߮ᶊⱘӬ࣪䆒䅵

㄀12ゴ ሖড়ᵓ੠ᮁ㺖࡯ᄺ
12.1 ಯ䖍ㅔᬃᮍᔶሖড়ᵓ೼ഛᏗ໪䕑԰⫼ϟⱘবᔶ
12.2 ഛᏗᢝ࡯԰⫼ϟ৿㺖㒍ᵓⱘᑨ࡯ᔎᑺ಴ᄤ䅵ㅫ

せ2ヶ ጔ⼺Ꮓ⩗ヶ

㄀13ゴ ⫼APDLᅲ⦄ ぎ䯈㔥໇㒧ᵘখ᭄࣪ᓎ῵

13.1 K㋏߫⧗䴶㔥໇㒧ᵘ⡍⚍੠ᓎ῵
13.1.1 K㋏߫⧗䴶㔥໇ⱘ⡍⚍
13.1.2 ޴ԩᦣ䗄
13.1.3 ᴚӊ䖲᥹݇㋏
13.2 খ᭄࣪䆒䅵䇁㿔APDLҟ㒡
13.2.1 খ᭄੠㸼䖒ᓣ
13.2.2 ANSYSЁⱘ෎ᴀᣛҸ
13.2.3 ߚᬃ੠ᕾ⦃
13.3 ⫼᠋⬠䴶䆒䅵䇁㿔UIDLҟ㒡
13.3.1 ऩ㸠খ᭄䕧ܹ
13.3.2 ໮㸠খ᭄䕧ܹ
13.4 㔥໇ᓎ῵⿟ᑣ䆒䅵
13.4.1 ῵ൟᓎゟⱘℹ偸
13.4.2 㡖⚍തᷛ䅵ㅫ
13.4.3 ऩ‫ܗ‬䖲᥹
13.4.4 ব䞣䇈ᯢ
13.4.5 㡖⚍തᷛ䅵ㅫ݀ᓣ
13.4.6 ЏḚ೒䇈ᯢ
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

13.4.7 ऩ‫ܗ‬䖲᥹݇㋏ᅮН
13.4.8 ⑤⿟ᑣ
13.5 ⿟ᑣՓ⫼䇈ᯢ
13.5.1 ࡴ䕑⿟ᑣ
13.5.2 ⬠䴶䇈ᯢ
13.5.3 ⊼ᛣџ乍
13.6 ᑨ⫼В՟
13.6.1 ෎ᴀখ᭄
13.6.2 䕧᭄ܹ᥂ᑊ⫳៤῵ൟ
13.6.3 䕧ܹऩ‫ܗ‬খ᭄੠㥋䕑ৢᓔྟ䅵ㅫ
13.6.4 䗝ᢽ㒧ᵰ䕧ߎᮍᓣ

㄀14ゴ ศᓣ䍋䞡ᴎ䴭ࡼ࡯ߚᵤ
14.1 ศᓣ䍋䞡ᴎ෎ᴀὖᗉ
14.2 ศᓣ䍋䞡ᴎᢧᠥ῵ൟ
14.3 ศᴎ῵ൟফ࡯ߚᵤ
14.3.1 䚼ӊফ࡯⡍ᕕߚᵤ
14.3.2 ៾䴶খ᭄ᅮН
14.3.3 㞾䞡㥋䕑੠䜡䞡
14.3.4 䗝⫼ড়䗖ⱘߚᵤ῵ൟ
14.3.5 ೎ᅮศ䑿ᑩ䚼ⱘ4Ͼ㡖⚍
14.4 ศᴎᓎ῵⿟ᑣ䆒䅵
14.4.1 ศ䑿㡖⚍䅵ㅫ੠ऩ‫ܗ‬䖲᥹
14.4.2 ศ乊ᓎ῵
14.6.3 ศ㞖ᓎ῵
14.6.4 ᑇ㸵㞖੠᭰ᢝ㋶ᓎ῵
14.5 ศᴎ䴭࡯ߚᵤ
14.6 ศᴎ῵ᗕߚᵤ
14.7 ศᴎ䴭ࡼ࡯ߚᵤ⿟ᑣ

㄀15ゴ 䭓᷅ᔶ໽✊⇨㔤೼‫ݙ‬य़԰⫼ϟⱘ䴭࡯ߚᵤ
15.1 ὖ‫މ‬
15.2 ᓎゟ῵ൟ
15.3 ߽⫼䕈ᇍ⿄໇ऩ‫ܗ‬SHELL51䅵ㅫ
15.3.1 ऩ‫ܗ‬෎ᴀᗻ䋼੠㑺ᅮ
15.3.2 ∖㾷䖛⿟
15.3.3 ⑤⿟ᑣ
15.3.4 䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
 Ⳃ ᔩ

15.3.5 ㄦԧ䚼ߚ⧚䆎㾷
15.3.6 㒧ᵰ䅼䆎
15.4 ߽⫼8㡖⚍2Dᅲԧऩ‫ܗ‬PLANE82ऩ‫ܗ‬䅵ㅫ
15.4.1 ᓎゟ῵ൟ
15.4.2 䅵ㅫ䖛⿟
15.4.3 䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰঞ䅼䆎
15.4.4 ⑤⿟ᑣ
15.5 ⫼20㡖⚍3Dᅲԧऩ‫ܗ‬solid95䅵ㅫ1/4῵ൟ
15.5.1 ᓎゟ1/4ϝ㓈῵ൟ
15.5.2 䅵ㅫℹ偸
15.5.3 䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰߚᵤ
15.5.4 Ϣᔍᗻ࡯ᄺ㾷ㄨⱘᇍ↨
15.5.5 䅵ㅫ⿟ᑣ

䰘ᔩ1 ᐌ⫼㒧ᵘऩ‫ܗ‬খ㗗

䰘ᔩ2 㒧ᵘߚᵤੑҸ䗳ᶹ
 ㄀1ゴ ㅔऩᢝय़ᴚ㒧ᵘ

㄀㆛ᬭᄺᅲ՟㆛

せ』クࢄ៸ࢺᱵ㐂Ჳ
ᴚ㋏㒧ᵘᰃᣛ㒧ᵘ⬅䆌໮㒚䭓ᴚӊᵘ៤ⱘ㒧ᵘ㋏㒳ˈᴚӊⱘᔃ᳆߮ᑺ䕗ᇣˈ៪㗙ᔃ᳆
ѻ⫳ⱘᑨ࡯੠䕈࡯Ⳍ↨䕗ᇣˈ↣ϾᴚӊⱘЏ㽕বᔶᰃ䕈৥ᢝԌ੠य़㓽বᔶDŽᇍѢ䖭ϔ㉏䯂
乬ˈ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟৃҹ߽⫼ᴚऩ‫ܗ‬῵ൟ˄LINK˅ᴹ໘⧚DŽ೼ANSYSЁˈѠ㓈ᴚऩ‫ܗ‬ᰃLINK1ˈ
ϝ㓈ᴚऩ‫ܗ‬ᰃLINK8DŽᅗӀⱘऩ‫ܗ‬ϸッⱘ㡖⚍ԡ⿏ߚ߿᳝2Ͼ੠3Ͼ㒓ԡ⿏DŽᇍѢ䆌໮ᴚ㋏
ぎ䯈㒧ᵘ䳔㽕߽⫼LINK8ऩ‫∖ܗ‬㾷ˈ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ䰸њ㡖⚍ԡ⿏໪ˈ៥Ӏ᳔݇ᖗⱘᰃ৘Ͼᴚӊ
ⱘ‫࡯ݙ‬੠ᑨ࡯DŽ
೼ANSYSЁᴚӊⱘ‫࡯ݙ‬᮴⊩Ⳉ᥹ᕫࠄˈ䳔㽕߽⫼ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬㸼˄ETABLE˅ⱘᮍ⊩㦋ᕫDŽ
∖㾷↣Ͼ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬䯂乬ⱘ෎ᴀ䖛⿟ᰃϔḋⱘ˖佪‫ܜ‬ᓎゟ῵ൟᑊᮑࡴ࡯੠ԡ⿏䖍⬠ᴵӊˈ✊ৢ
ህৃҹ∖㾷њDŽ೼∖㾷Пৢᕫࠄ㡖⚍ԡ⿏ˈ݊ԭⱘ࡯ᄺ䞣䳔㽕䗮䖛䗖ᔧⱘᅮН៪㗙䖤ㅫᠡ
ৃҹᕫࠄDŽ
ᴚ㋏㒧ᵘⱘ䅵ㅫЏ㽕ᕫࠄḕᶊ㒧ᵘⱘবᔶ੠‫࡯ݙ‬ǃড࡯DŽᇍѢ໡ᴖⱘᴚ㋏㒧ᵘˈⳂࠡ
䖬≵᳝ㅔ֓ⱘᓎ῵ᮍ⊩ˈ䗮ᐌ䖬ᰃ䳔㽕߽⫼㡖⚍੠ऩ‫ⱘܗ‬ᅮНᣛҸN˄Node˅੠E˄Element˅
ᴹᅮНDŽ䖭⾡ᓎゟ῵ൟⱘᮍᓣি‫خ‬ऩ‫᥹Ⳉܗ‬ᓎ῵ˈᅗⱘЏ㽕Ӭ⚍ᰃⳈ㾖DŽᇍѢ䖍⬠ᴵӊ˖
㥋䕑⬅ੑҸF˄Force˅ᴹᅮНˈԡ⿏㑺ᴳ⬅ੑҸD˄Displacement˅ᴹᅮНDŽ
ᔧ䅵ㅫ῵ൟᓎゟདˈԡ⿏䖍⬠ᴵӊᅮНཹᔧˈ㥋䕑ᮑࡴᅠ↩ৢˈህৃҹথߎ∖㾷ੑҸ
SOLVE䗮ⶹ㋏㒳ᓔྟ∖㾷DŽ㋏㒳ᇍ↣ϔϾऩ‫ܗ‬䅵ㅫ߮ᑺⶽ䰉ৢˈ঴ࡴ⫳៤ᘏԧ߮ᑺⶽ䰉ˈ
⫳៤㡖⚍㥋䕑৥䞣ˈ䗮䖛ᓩܹԡ⿏䖍⬠ᴵӊׂℷᘏԧ߮ᑺⶽ䰉੠㥋䕑৥䞣ৢˈᓔྟ∖㾷ԡ
⿏ᮍ⿟㗠ᕫࠄ৘Ͼ㡖⚍ⱘԡ⿏ؐDŽ‫⃵ݡ‬䇗⫼ऩ‫߮ܗ‬ᑺⶽ䰉䅵ㅫ৘Ͼऩ‫࡯ݙⱘܗ‬ǃ৘Ͼԡ⿏
㑺ᴳ໘ⱘড࡯ㄝDŽ
ᕫࠄ䖭ѯ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰৢˈ䖯ܹৢ໘⧚῵ഫPost1ৃҹᰒ⼎㒧ᵰ੠㾖ᆳবᔶǃᑨ࡯ߚᏗㄝᚙ
‫މ‬DŽবᔶ೒䗮ᐌ⫼PLDISP˄PLot DISPlacement˅ᴹᰒ⼎DŽ㡖⚍Ϟⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰˈབ‫࡯ݙ‬੠ᑨ
࡯ৃҹ⫼PLNSOL˄Plot Node SOLution˅ᴹᅠ៤DŽϡৠ㉏ൟⱘऩ‫݋ܗ‬᳝ϡৠⱘ‫࡯ݙ‬੠ᑨ࡯
㑺ᅮˈऩ‫ⱘݙܗ‬䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ䗮䖛PLESOL˄Plot Element SOLution˅ੑҸᴹᅲ⦄DŽ
ҹϞᰃ㒧ᵘ䴭࡯ߚᵤⱘ໻ԧ䖛⿟DŽϔ㠀ⱘࡼᗕߚᵤЏ㽕ᰃ῵ᗕߚᵤˈህᰃ䗮䖛ᇍ߮ᑺ
ⶽ䰉੠䋼䞣ⶽ䰉ⱘ䗁ҷ䅵ㅫˈᕫࠄ㒧ᵘⱘࠡ޴䰊ᤃࡼ乥⥛੠ᤃൟDŽϟ䴶߫ߎⱘᰃ䖯㸠䖭ѯ
ߚᵤ㽕⫼ࠄⱘ᳔෎ᴀⱘੑҸ˖

1ˊ᳔෎ᴀੑҸ

˄1˅ᓎゟ῵ൟ(/Prep7῵ഫੑҸ)DŽ

1
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

䗮䖛㡖⚍ⱘതᷛԡ㕂ᅮН㡖⚍˖N, NODE, X, Y, Z, THXY, THYZ, THZX˗೼˄X,Y,Z˅

തᷛԡ㕂ᅮН㄀NODEো㡖⚍ˈ㡖⚍തᷛ㋏ᮍ৥ЎTHXY, THYZ੠THZXDŽ
䗮䖛㡖⚍䖲᥹݇㋏ᅮНऩ‫˖ܗ‬E, I, J, K, L, M, N, O, P˖䖛㡖⚍I̚PᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ
˄2˅ᅮН䖍⬠ᴵӊ(/Solu῵ഫੑҸ)
ᅮН㡖⚍Ϟⱘԡ⿏㑺ᴳ˖D, NODE, Lab, VALUE, VALUE2, NEND, NINC, Lab2, Lab3,
Lab4, Lab5, Lab6˖ᇍ㡖⚍NODEᮑࡴԡ⿏㑺ᴳDŽ
ᅮН԰⫼೼㡖⚍Ϟⱘ໪࡯˖F, NODE, Lab, VALUE, VALUE2, NEND, NINC˖㒭㡖⚍
NODEᮑࡴ㡖⚍࡯DŽ
˄3˅∖㾷ᮍ⿟(/Solu῵ഫੑҸ)DŽ
ᓔྟ∖㾷䅵ㅫ˖SOLVEDŽ
˄4˅ᶹⳟ㒧ᵰ(/post1῵ഫੑҸ)DŽ
ᰒ⼎㒧ᵘবᔶ೒˖PLDISP,2DŽ
ᰒ⼎㡖⚍㒧ᵰ˖PLNSOL, Item, CompDŽ

2ˊᴚऩ‫ܗ‬⡍ᗻ

ᴚऩ‫ܗ‬াᡓফ䕈৥࡯ˈऩ‫࡯ݙⱘܗ‬Џ㽕ᰃ䕈࡯DŽ䰸ℸП໪ˈ䖬᳝䕈৥ᑨ࡯੠䕈৥ᑨবˈ
ᴚऩ‫ⱘܗ‬ϸッⱘ㡖⚍া᳝㒓ԡ⿏㞾⬅ᑺDŽᇍѢѠ㓈ᴚऩ‫ܗ‬LINK1ˈ↣Ͼऩ‫ⱘܗ‬ϸッ᳝ϸϾ
㡖⚍ˈ↣Ͼ㡖⚍᳝ϸϾ㒓ԡ⿏DŽᇍѢϝ㓈ᴚऩ‫ܗ‬LINK8ˈ↣Ͼऩ‫ܗ‬г᳝ϸϾ㡖⚍ˈԚ↣Ͼ
㡖⚍᳝3Ͼ㒓ԡ⿏㞾⬅ᑺDŽ
ऩ‫ܗ‬䕧ܹⱘ޴ԩখ᭄া᳝ᴚӊⱘ៾䴶䴶⿃Aˈᴤ᭭খ᭄᳝ᔍᗻ῵䞣EXˈ⛁㝼㚔㋏᭄
ALPXˈᆚᑺDENS੠䰏ሐDAMPDŽᴚӊऩ‫ⱘܗ‬ᅮН䗮䖛⫼EᣛҸᅮНϸϾッ⚍ⱘ㡖⚍㓪ো
ेৃˈᔧࠡऩ‫ⱘܗ‬ऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟՓ⫼ᔧࠡ咬䅸ؐˈ䆹咬䅸ؐৃҹ䗮䖛ᣛҸTYPEᴹᬍবDŽᔧࠡऩ
‫ⱘܗ‬ᴤ᭭খ᭄Փ⫼ᔧࠡⱘ咬䅸ؐˈ䆹咬䅸ؐৃҹ䗮䖛ᣛҸMATᴹᬍবDŽᔧࠡऩ‫ⱘܗ‬ᅲᐌ᭄
Փ⫼ᔧࠡⱘ咬䅸ؐˈ䆹咬䅸ؐৃҹ䗮䖛ᣛҸREALᴹᬍবDŽ

1.1 䫄᥹ᴚ೼໪࡯԰⫼ϟⱘবᔶ

೼ϸϾⳌ䎱a=10mⱘ߮ᗻ䴶П䯈ˈ᳝ϸḍㄝ៾䴶ᴚ䫄㒧೼2ো⚍ˈᴚӊϢ∈ᑇ䴶ⱘ།㾦
©=30eˈ೼䫄䫒໘᳝ϔ৥ϟⱘ䲚Ё࡯F˙1000Nˈᴚӊᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣E = 210 GPaˈA=10cm2
˄བ೒1.1᠔⼎˅ˈ䆩߽⫼Ѡ㓈ᴚऩ‫ܗ‬LINK1⹂ᅮϸḍᴚӊ‫࡯ݙ‬੠䲚Ё࡯ԡ㕂໘ⱘԡ⿏DŽᴚӊ
বᔶᕜᇣˈৃҹᣝ✻ᇣবᔶ⧚䆎䅵ㅫDŽ
1ˊ⧚䆎㾷

䖭ᰃϔϾ䴭ᅮ㒧ᵘˈϸḍᴚⱘ‫ৃ࡯ݙ‬ҹᕜᆍᯧഄ⫼⧚䆎࡯ᄺⶹ䆚∖㾷ߎᴹDŽ㗗㰥ᴚӊ
বᔶᯊˈᴚӊԌ䭓䞣੠㡖⚍ԡ⿏П䯈ⱘ݇㋏гϡ໡ᴖDŽ⬅Ѣ㒧ᵘ޴ԩᔶ⢊੠ফ࡯ᰃᎺেᇍ
⿄ⱘˈ㒧ᵘⱘবᔶ⡍ᕕгᰃᇍ⿄ⱘˈᴚӊԌ䭓䞣Ϣ㡖⚍ԡ⿏ⱘ݇㋏ህ᳈ࡴㅔऩњDŽ
ḍ᥂2ো㡖⚍໘ⱘᑇ㸵݇㋏ˈᕜᆍᯧᕫࠄϸϾᢝᴚⱘᢝ࡯䛑ㄝѢ1000Nˈ⬅Ѣᴚӊⱘ៾
2
䴶⿃ㄝѢ1000mm ˈ᠔ҹᴚӊ‫ⱘݙ‬ᢝᑨ࡯ㄝѢ1MPaDŽ

2
 ㄀1ゴ ㅔऩᢝय़ᴚ㒧ᵘ

೒1.1 ϸᴚḕᶊ㒧ᵘ῵ൟ೒

ᴚӊⱘᅲ䰙䭓ᑺЎ l = 5/cos30 ˈḍ᥂㰢‫ܟ‬ᅮᕟ˖

N l 1000 × 5000/cos30
Δl = = = 0.02749mm
EA 210 × 103 × 1000
ḍ᥂2ো㡖⚍໘ⱘԡ⿏੠ᴚӊԌ䭓䞣ⱘ݇㋏ˈオ৥ԡ⿏ᑨ䆹ᰃԌ䭓䞣ⱘ2‫ˈס‬᠔ҹˈオ
৥ԡ⿏ⱘ⧚䆎ؐᑨ䆹ᰃ0.05498mmDŽ

2ˊANSYS∖㾷

䆹㒧ᵘࣙ৿ϸḍᴚӊˈ᠔ҹৃҹߦߚЎϸϾऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ೼Ꮊջⱘ߮ᗻ๭ຕϞ䆒㕂㡖⚍1ˈЁ
䯈ϸḍᴚӊ䖲᥹⚍䆒㡖⚍2ˈেջ߮ᗻ๭ຕϞⱘ೎ᅮ⚍䆒Ў㡖⚍3DŽᅗӀⱘ㓪ো੠തᷛԡ㕂
བ೒1.1᠔⼎ˈे1˄0,0˅ˈ2˄a/2,b˅ˈ3˄a,0˅DŽ1ো㡖⚍੠3ো㡖⚍೎ᅮˈ2ো㡖⚍Ϟ
᳝䲚Ё࡯԰⫼DŽ
Փ⫼㡖⚍ᅮНੑҸN˄Node˅ৃҹᅠ៤ᇍ䖭ѯ㡖⚍ⱘᅮНDŽ⫼ੑҸET˄Element Type˅
⬇ᯢ䆹㋏㒳Փ⫼Ѡ㓈ᴚऩ‫ܗ‬LINK1ˈ⫼ᅲᐌ᭄ᅮНੑҸR(Real constant)ᅮНᴚӊⱘ῾៾䴶䴶
⿃ˈ⫼ᴤ᭭খ᭄ᅮНੑҸMP(Material Property)ᅮНᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣 DŽ⫼ԡ⿏㑺ᴳੑҸ
D(Displacement)೎ᅮ㡖⚍ˈ⫼F(Force)ᮑࡴ㡖⚍࡯DŽ⫼SolveੑҸᓔྟ∖㾷ˈᕫࠄ㡖⚍ԡ⿏
㒧ᵰৢˈৃҹ⫼PLDISP˄Plot DISPlacement˅㒬ࠊ㒧ᵘবᔶ೒ˈ៪㗙PRDISP߫㸼ᰒ⼎㡖⚍
ԡ⿏㒧ᵰDŽ⫼ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬㸼ੑҸETABLE˄Element TABLE˅ˈৃҹᦤপᴚӊ䕈৥ᑨ࡯DŽ䖭ѯ
ੑҸᵘ៤њϟ䴶ⱘЏ㽕∖㾷ℹ偸DŽ
ď1Đಁᄢٝё༪ົēՇ࿌‫ۥދ‬ϵ೴ēՇ࿌έ२d
ď2ĐՇ࿌ࠋԤd
䖯ܹࠡ໘⧚῵ഫˈ⫼ᅮН㡖⚍ⱘੑҸNᅮНˈ೼1˄0,0˅ˈ2˄a/2,b˅ˈ3˄a,0˅ԡ㕂
ⱘ3Ͼ㡖⚍DŽ
ď3ĐՇ࿌Ӧ၍d
⫼ ऩ ‫ ㉏ ܗ‬ൟ ᅮ Н ੑ Ҹ ET ᅮ Н ㄀1 ㉏ ऩ ‫ ܗ‬Ў Ѡ 㓈 ᴚ ऩ ‫ ܗ‬LINK1 DŽ ⫼ ऩ‫ ܗ‬ᅮ Н ੑ Ҹ
E(Element)ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬1Ϣ㡖⚍1੠㡖⚍2䖲᥹ˈऩ‫ܗ‬2Ϣ㡖⚍2੠㡖⚍3䖲᥹DŽ
ď4Đสྭၟ೯ۤ۠ၻՇ࿌d
⫼ԡ⿏㑺ᴳੑҸD೎ᅮ1ো㡖⚍੠3ো㡖⚍ˈ⫼F(Force)೼2ো㡖⚍ᮑࡴ⊓ⴔY䕈ᮍ৥ⱘ
䲚Ё࡯DŽ೼ANSYS⦃๗ϟᅮНⱘ㒧ᵘ῵ൟབ೒1.2᠔⼎DŽ

3
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

ď5ĐௐࠓࠋԤสྭd
䖯ܹ∖㾷῵ഫˈ⫼ᣛҸSolveᓔྟ∖㾷ˈ㦋ᕫ㡖⚍ԡ⿏㒧ᵰDŽ
ď6ĐဈӦ၍ζඔ௜‫ߑئ‬ᅀॏd
⫼PLDISP㒬ࠊবᔶৢⱘ㒧ᵘ⼎ᛣ೒˄བ೒1.3᠔⼎˅DŽ⫼Ā*GETāੑҸᦤপ2ো㡖⚍ⱘ
オ৥ԡ⿏ˈ⫼ETABLEᅮН䕈࡯ऩ‫ܗ‬㸼ˈᑊᦤপᎺ䖍ᴚӊⱘ䕈࡯DŽ
ď7Đߜ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ͬڴ‬ӉӾࠒ‫ڴ‬ำߑd
ϟ䴶㒭ߎњ䖭ѯℹ偸ⱘ⑤⿟ᑣˈᛳ্োৢ䴶ᰃᔧࠡ㸠ⱘ⊼䞞DŽ

೒1.2 ᓎゟⱘϸᴚḕᶊ㒧ᵘ῵ൟ೒ ೒1.3 ϸᴚḕᶊ೼䲚Ё࡯԰⫼ϟⱘবᔶ೒

3ˊANSYS⿟ᑣ

FINISH
/CLEAR,NOSTART ! ⏙䰸Ꮖ᳝ⱘ᭄᥂
! (1) 䆒㕂Ꮉ⿟ⱘ䗝乍, ᅮН޴ԩখ᭄
/FileName, EX1.1 ! ᅮНᎹ⿟᭛ӊৡ⿄
/TITLE, EX1.1, DEFLECTION OF A HINGED SUPPORT
*AFUN,DEG ! ᇚϝ㾦ߑ᭄ⱘ咬䅸ऩԡ⬅ᓻᑺᬍЎ㾦ᑺ
THETA=30 ! ᅮНব䞣ThetaЎᴚӊϢ∈ᑇ䴶ⱘ།㾦30ᑺ
A=10000 ! ᅮНব䞣AЎ㡖⚍3ⱘ∈ᑇXതᷛ10000mm
B=A/2*TAN(THETA) ! 㡖⚍2ⱘ䪙ⳈYതᷛ
! (2) 䖯ܹࠡ໘⧚῵ഫ, ᅮН㡖⚍
/PREP7 ! ࡴ䕑ࠡ໘⧚῵ഫ
N,1 ! ೼തᷛॳ⚍(0,0,0)ᅮН㄀1ো㡖⚍
N,2,A/2,-B ! ೼ (A/2,-B) ᅮН㄀2ো㡖⚍
N,3,A ! ೼ (A,0) ᅮН㄀3ো㡖⚍
! (3) ೼ࠡ໘⧚῵ഫЁ,ᅮНऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟǃᴤ᭭খ᭄੠৘Ͼऩ‫ܗ‬
ET,1,LINK1 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬ЎѠ㓈ᴚऩ‫ܗ‬LINK1
R,1,1000 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᅲᐌ᭄, ᴚӊ៾䴶䴶⿃A=1000mm^2
MP,EX,1,210E3 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EX˙210000N/mm^2
E,1,2 ! 䗮䖛㡖⚍1,2ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬1
E,2,3 ! 䗮䖛㡖⚍2,3ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬2

4
 ㄀1ゴ ㅔऩᢝय़ᴚ㒧ᵘ

! (4) ೼ࠡ໘⧚῵ഫЁ,ᅮНԡ⿏㑺ᴳ
D,1,ALL,,,3,2 ! 㑺ᴳ1ো㡖⚍ⱘ᠔᳝ԡ⿏㞾⬅ᑺ,ᣝ๲䞣2ᕾ⦃ࠄ3ো㡖⚍ᴹ㑺ᴳ3ো㡖⚍
F,2,FY,-1000 ! ೼2ো㡖⚍Ϟᮑࡴ⊓ⴔ-Yᮍ৥໻ᇣЎ1000Nⱘ䲚Ё࡯
OUTPR,,1 ! 䕧ߎ㄀1Ͼ㥋䕑ℹⱘ෎ᴀ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎࠡ໘⧚῵ഫPREP7
! (5) 䖯ܹ∖㾷῵ഫ,ᓔྟ∖㾷
/SOLU ! ࡴ䕑∖㾷῵ഫ
SOLVE ! ᓔྟ䴭࡯ߚᵤⱘ∖㾷
FINISH ! 䗔ߎ∖㾷῵ഫSOLU
! (6) 䖯ܹৢ໘⧚῵ഫ,ᰒ⼎㡖⚍ԡ⿏੠ᴚӊ‫࡯ݙ‬
/POST1 ! ࡴ䕑ৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
PLDISP,2 ! ᰒ⼎㒧ᵘবᔶ೒,খ᭄Ā2ā㸼⼎⫼㰮㒓㒬ࠊߎॳᴹ㒧ᵘⱘ䕂ᒧ
MID_NODE = NODE (A/2,-B,0 ) ! ᇏᡒ䎱⾏ԡ㕂(A/2,-B,0 )᳔䖥ⱘ㡖⚍,ᄬܹMID_NODE
*GET,DISP,NODE,MID_NODE,U,Y ! ᦤপ㡖⚍MID_NODEϞⱘԡ⿏UY
LEFT_EL = ENEARN (MID_NODE) ! ᇏᡒ䎱⾏㡖⚍MID_NODE᳔䖥ⱘऩ‫ܗ‬,ᄬܹLEFT_EL
ETABLE,STRS,LS,1 ! ⫼䕈৥ᑨ࡯SAXLⱘ㓪ো”LS,1”ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬㸼STRS
*GET,STRSS,ELEM,LEFT_EL,ETAB,STRS ! Ңऩ‫ܗ‬㸼STRSЁᦤপLEFT_ELऩ‫ⱘܗ‬ᑨ࡯㒧
ᵰ,ᄬܹব䞣STRSS
! (7) ⬇ᯢ᭄㒘,ᦤপ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ,ᑊ↨䕗䅵ㅫ䇃Ꮒ
*DIM,LABEL,CHAR,2 ! ᅮН2Ͼ‫ܗ‬㋴ⱘᄫヺൟ᭄㒘LABEL
*DIM,VALUE,,2,3 ! ᅮН2ˆ3ⱘ᭄ؐൟ᭄㒘VALUE
LABEL(1) = 'STRS_MPa','DEF_mm' ! 㒭ᄫヺൟ᭄㒘ⱘ㄀1Ͼ‫ܗ‬㋴䌟ؐ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,1),DATA,1,-0.05498 ! 㒭݊Ҫ᭄ؐൟ᭄㒘Ёⱘ‫ܗ‬㋴䌟⧚䆎ؐ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,2),DATA,STRSS,DISP
*VFILL,VALUE(1,3),DATA,ABS(STRSS /1 ) ,ABS( DISP /0.05498 )
/OUT,EX1_1,out ! ᇚ䕧ߎ‫ݙ‬ᆍ䞡ᅮ৥ࠄ᭛ӊEX1_1.out
/COM ! ҹ⊼䞞ᔶᓣ䕧ߎ‫ݙ‬ᆍ
/COM,------------------- EX1.1 RESULTS COMPARISON ---------------------
/COM,
/COM, | TARGET | ANSYS | RATIO
/COM,
*VWRITE,LABEL(1),VALUE(1,1),VALUE(1,2),VALUE(1,3)
(1X,A8,' ',F10.3,' ',F10.3,' ',1F5.3)
/COM,----------------------------------------------------------------
/OUT ! 㒧ᴳ᭄᥂䞡ᅮ৥,݇䯁䕧ߎ᭛ӊ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
*LIST,EX1_1,out ! ߫㸼ᰒ⼎᭛ӊEX1_1.outⱘ‫ݙ‬ᆍ

4ˊ㒧ᵰߚᵤ

㒣䖛䅵ㅫˈANSYS೼䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ᭛ӊEX1_1.txtЁ㒭ߎњ㡖⚍ԡ⿏䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ0.055mmˈ
ᴚӊ䕈࡯1MPaˈ੠ࠡ䴶ⱘ⧚䆎㾷ᅠܼϔ㟈DŽ

5
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

1.2 Ҏᄫᔶሟᶊⱘ䴭࡯ߚᵤ

䎼ᑺ8mⱘҎᄫᔶሟᶊˈᎺ䖍ッ⚍ᰃ೎ᅮ䫄䫒ᬃᑻˈেッᰃ⒥ࡼ䫄䫒ᬃᑻDŽ೼Ϟ䴶ⱘ3
Ͼ㡖⚍Ϟ԰⫼᳝3Ͼ৥ϟ䲚Ё࡯P=1kNˈ㒧ᵘⱘ޴ԩሎᇌ੠䖍⬠ᴵӊབ೒1.4᠔⼎ˈ䆩߽⫼
Ѡ㓈ᴚऩ‫ܗ‬LINK1ߚᵤ䆹ሟᶊ೼3Ͼ䲚Ё࡯԰⫼ϟⱘবᔶ੠‫࡯ݙ‬DŽ

1ˊ⧚䆎㾷

೼ᇣবᔶ‫؛‬䆒ϟˈϸϾᬃᑻ䯈ϡӮߎ⦄∈ᑇড࡯DŽᭈϾ㒧ᵘ੠㥋䕑Ꮊেᇍ⿄ˈ᠔ҹ㒧
ᵘⱘ‫࡯ݙ‬гᰃᎺেᇍ⿄ⱘDŽাߚᵤᎺ䴶ϔञेৃⶹ䘧ᭈϾ㒧ᵘⱘফ࡯њDŽᭈϾ㒧ᵘᰃϔϾ
䴭ᅮ㒧ᵘˈ᠔ҹ৘Ͼᴚӊⱘ‫ৃ࡯ݙ‬ҹ߽⫼⧚䆎࡯ᄺЁⱘ㡖⚍⊩ˈ៪㗙៾䴶⊩∖㾷ߎᴹDŽձ
᥂ᭈϾ㒧ᵘⱘᑇ㸵ˈৃҹᕫࠄᎺেϸϾᬃᑻⱘオ৥ড࡯Ў1.5kNDŽ
ᣝ✻೒1.5Ёⱘ㡖⚍㓪োˈḍ᥂1ো੠5োऩ‫ܗ‬೼1ো㡖⚍໘ⱘⱘᑇ㸵ˈৃҹ⹂ᅮߎ1োऩ
‫࡯ݙⱘܗ‬ᰃN1 =3kNˈ5োऩ‫࡯ݙⱘܗ‬ᰃN5 =1.5 5 kNDŽҢ3ো㡖⚍ⱘᑇ㸵ৃҹⶹ䘧ˈ9োऩ‫ܗ‬
ⱘ‫࡯ݙ‬Ў0DŽ
পᎺ䴶ϔञ㒧ᵘˈᇍ㡖⚍7߫ߎ࡯ⶽᑇ㸵ᮍ⿟˖
ěM7 (F)=0, 1.5×4+1×2+N2 ×2=0
ৃҹ∖ߎ2োऩ‫࡯ݙⱘܗ‬ЎN2 =2kNDŽ‫ݡ‬ḍ᥂2ো㡖⚍໘ⱘᑇ㸵ᮍ⿟˖
ěX=0, N2 N1 +N8 / 2 =0
ěY=0, N7 +N8 / 2 =0
ৃҹ㾷ߎ˖N8 = 2 kNˈN7 = 1kN
‫⬅ݡ‬6ো㡖⚍ⱘᑇ㸵ᮍ⿟˖
ěX=0, N6 ×2/ 5 N5 ×2/ 5 =0
ৃҹ㾷ߎ˖N6 =1.5 5 kN
㟇ℸˈ៥Ӏᕫࠄ᠔᳝ᴚӊⱘ‫࡯ݙ‬Ў˖
N1 =N4 =3kNˈN2 =N3 =2kNˈN5 =N13 =1.5 5 kNˈN6 =N12 =1.5 5 kNˈ
N7 =N11 = 1kNˈN8 =N10 = 2 kNˈN9 =0DŽ
བᵰ䳔㽕䅵ㅫ㒧ᵘ೼㥋䕑԰⫼ϟⱘবᔶˈህᖙ乏Փ⫼ᴤ᭭࡯ᄺⱘⶹ䆚ˈϨ∖㾷䖛⿟↨
䕗໡ᴖDŽ

2ˊANSYS∖㾷

佪‫ܜ‬ᇚ䖭Ͼ㒧ᵘ೼ᴚӊⳌѸⱘഄᮍˈ䆒㕂㡖⚍ˈ㡖⚍П䯈⫼ऩ‫Ⳍܗ‬䖲᥹˄བ೒1.5᠔⼎˅DŽ
߽⫼㡖⚍ᅮНੑҸNᅮН7Ͼ㡖⚍ˈ⫼ऩ‫ܗ‬ᅮНੑҸEᅮН13Ͼऩ‫⫼˗ܗ‬㥋䕑ᅮНੑҸF೼῵
ൟⱘ6ˈ7ˈ8㡖⚍Ϟᮑࡴ䲚Ё㥋䕑ˈ⫼ԡ⿏㑺ᴳੑҸDᅮН1ো㡖⚍ϸϾԡ⿏ܼ䚼㹿㑺ᴳˈ5
ো㡖⚍ⱘオ৥ԡ⿏㹿㑺ᴳDŽ߽⫼ϟ䴶ᦤկⱘ⿟ᑣৃҹᅠ៤ᇍ䆹㒧ᵘⱘবᔶ੠‫࡯ݙ‬䅵ㅫDŽ
བ೒1.6᠔⼎㒭ߎⱘᰃՓ⫼ANSYS⿟ᑣⱘℹ偸˄1˅ࠄ˄3˅⫳៤དⱘ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟ˗೼㄀
˄4˅ℹ⫼DੑҸᅮНԡ⿏㑺ᴳˈFੑҸᅮН㥋䕑ৢˈ⫼SOLVE∖㾷ᕫࠄ৘Ͼ㡖⚍ⱘԡ⿏DŽ㄀
˄5˅ℹ䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫˈ⫼PLDISP೒ᔶᰒ⼎㒧ᵘবᔶ೒˄བ೒1.7᠔⼎˅DŽ೼㄀˄6˅

6
 ㄀1ゴ ㅔऩᢝय़ᴚ㒧ᵘ

ℹ⫼ETABLEᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬㸼ˈҹᦤপऩ‫ⱘܗ‬䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ ˖䕈࡯ˈ䕈৥ᑨ࡯੠䕈৥ᑨব DŽ೼⫼

PRETABੑҸ߫㸼ᰒ⼎ऩ‫ܗ‬㸼‫ݙ‬ᆍⱘৠᯊˈ೒1.8᠔⼎ᰃ⫼PLETABੑҸҹ㡆ᑺ೒ᮍᓣ㸼⼎
ⱘᴚӊ䕈࡯ߚᏗᚙ‫މ‬DŽ

1kN
1kN 1kN

2m

2m 2m 2m 2m

೒1.4 Ҏᄫᔶሟᶊ䅵ㅫ῵ൟ⼎ᛣ೒ ೒1.5 Ҏᄫᔶሟᶊⱘऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬೒

೒1.6 Ҏᄫᔶሟᶊⱘ㒧ᵘ῵ൟ೒ ೒1.7 ሟᶊ೼ሟ䴶㥋䕑԰⫼ϟⱘবᔶ

೒1.8 ሟᶊᴚӊⱘ䕈࡯ㄝ催㒓㡆ᑺ೒

3ˊANSYS⿟ᑣ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎҹࠡⱘ῵ഫ
/CLEAR, START ! ⏙䰸㋏㒳Ёⱘ᠔᭄᳝᥂,ϡ䇏ܹਃࡼ᭛ӊⱘ䆒㕂
! (1) 䆒㕂Ꮉ⿟ⱘ䗝乍
/FILNAME,EX1.2 ! ᣛᅮᔧࠡᎹ⿟ⱘ᭛ӊৡ, ᠔᭄᳝᥂⫼䆹᭛ӊৡֱᄬ

7
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

/UNITS, SI ! ⬇ᯢ䞛⫼೑䰙ऩԡࠊ
/TITLE, EX1.2, Plane Roof Tuss Model. ! ᅮН䯂乬ⱘᷛ乬
! (2) 䖯ܹࠡ໘⧚῵ഫ, ᅮН㡖⚍
/PREP7 ! 䖯ܹࠡ໘⧚῵ഫ: ᅮН῵ൟ
N, 1, 0, 0 ! 䗮䖛㡖⚍ⱘതᷛԡ㕂ᅮН৘Ͼ㡖⚍, 1ো㡖⚍1˄0, 0˅
N, 2, 2, 0 ! 2ো㡖⚍2˄2m, 0˅
N, 3, 4, 0 ! 3ো㡖⚍3˄4m, 0˅
N, 4, 6, 0 ! 4ো㡖⚍4˄6m, 0˅
N, 5, 8, 0 ! 5ো㡖⚍5˄8m, 0˅
N, 6, 2, 1 ! 6ো㡖⚍6˄2m, 1m˅
N, 7, 4, 2 ! 7ো㡖⚍7˄4m, 2m˅
N, 8, 6, 1 ! 8ো㡖⚍8˄6m, 1m˅
! (3) ೼ࠡ໘⧚῵ഫЁ, ᅮНऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟǃ ᴤ᭭খ᭄੠৘Ͼऩ‫ܗ‬
ET, 1, LINK1 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬ЎѠ㓈ᴚऩ‫ܗ‬LINK1
MP, EX, 1, 207E9 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ᔍᗻ῵䞣EX˙207GPa
R, 1, 0.01 ! ᅮНᴚӊ㄀1㉏ᅲᐌ᭄,៾䴶⿃0.01m^2
E, 1, 2 ! 䗮䖛㡖⚍䖲᥹݇㋏ᅮН৘Ͼऩ‫ܗ‬, ऩ‫ܗ‬1⬅1, 2㡖⚍㒘៤
E, 2, 3 ! ऩ‫ܗ‬2⬅2, 3㡖⚍㒘៤
E, 3, 4 ! ऩ‫ܗ‬3⬅3, 4㡖⚍㒘៤
E, 4, 5 ! ऩ‫ܗ‬4⬅4, 5㡖⚍㒘៤
E, 1, 6 ! ऩ‫ܗ‬5⬅1, 6㡖⚍㒘៤
E, 6, 7 ! ऩ‫ܗ‬6⬅6, 7㡖⚍㒘៤
E, 2, 6 ! ऩ‫ܗ‬7⬅2, 6㡖⚍㒘៤
E, 2, 7 ! ऩ‫ܗ‬8⬅2, 7㡖⚍㒘៤
E, 3, 7 ! ऩ‫ܗ‬9⬅3, 7㡖⚍㒘៤
E, 4, 7 ! ऩ‫ܗ‬10⬅4, 7㡖⚍㒘៤
E, 4, 8 ! ऩ‫ܗ‬11⬅4, 8㡖⚍㒘៤
E, 7, 8 ! ऩ‫ܗ‬12⬅7, 8㡖⚍㒘៤
E, 8, 5 ! ऩ‫ܗ‬13⬅8, 5㡖⚍㒘៤
/PNUM, NODE,1 ! ᠧᓔ㡖⚍㓪োᰒ⼎
/NUMBER, 2 ! াᰒ⼎㓪ো, ϡՓ⫼ᔽ㡆
/PNUM, ELEM, 1 ! ᠧᓔऩ‫ܗ‬㓪োᰒ⼎ᓔ݇
EPLOT ! ೒ᔶᰒ⼎ऩ‫ܗ‬
FINISH ! 䗔ߎࠡ໘⧚῵ഫ
! (4) 䖯ܹ∖㾷῵ഫ, 䆒㕂∖㾷䗝乍, 䆒㕂ԡ⿏䖍⬠ᴵӊ, ࡴ䕑ᑊᓔྟ∖㾷
/SOLU ! 䖯ܹ∖㾷῵ഫ:ᅮН࡯੠ԡ⿏䖍⬠ᴵӊ,ᑊ∖㾷
ANTYPE, STATIC ! ⬇ᯢߚᵤ㉏ൟᰃ䴭࡯ߚᵤ˄STATIC៪㗙0˅
OUTPR, BASIC, ALL ! ೼䕧ߎ㒧ᵰЁ, ߫ߎ᠔᳝㥋䕑ℹⱘ෎ᴀ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
D, 1, ALL, 0 ! 㑺ᴳ1ো㡖⚍ⱘ᠔᳝㡖⚍ԡ⿏㞾⬅ᑺUX੠UY
D, 5, UY, 0 ! 㑺ᴳ5ো㡖⚍ⱘオ৥㞾⬅ᑺUY
F, 6, FY, -1000 ! ᇍ6ো㡖⚍ᮑࡴ-Yᮍ৥ⱘ䲚Ё࡯1000N
F, 7, FY, -1000 ! ᇍ7ো㡖⚍ᮑࡴ-Yᮍ৥ⱘ䲚Ё࡯1000N
F, 8, FY, -1000 ! ᇍ8ো㡖⚍ᮑࡴ-Yᮍ৥ⱘ䲚Ё࡯1000N
SOLVE ! থߎ∖㾷ᣛҸ

8
 ㄀1ゴ ㅔऩᢝय़ᴚ㒧ᵘ

FINISH ! 䗔ߎ∖㾷῵ഫ
! (5) 䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫ, ᰒ⼎㒧ᵘবᔶ೒
/POST1 ! 䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫ: ᰒ⼎বᔶ੠‫࡯ݙ‬䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
PLDISP,2 ! ᰒ⼎㒧ᵘবᔶ೒, ֱ⬭᳾বᔶ㒧ᵘⱘ䕂ᒧ
! (6) ߫㸼ᰒ⼎㡖⚍ԡ⿏੠ऩ‫ⱘܗ‬䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
PRDISP ! ߫㸼ᰒ⼎㡖⚍ԡ⿏ؐ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
ETABLE, MFORX,SMISC,1 ! ҹᴚऩ‫ⱘܗ‬䕈࡯Ў‫ݙ‬ᆍ, ᓎゟऩ‫ܗ‬㸼MFORX
ETABLE, SAXL, LS, 1 ! ҹᴚऩ‫ⱘܗ‬䕈৥ᑨ࡯Ў‫ݙ‬ᆍ, ᓎゟऩ‫ܗ‬㸼SAXL
ETABLE, EPELAXL, LEPEL, 1 ! ҹᴚऩ‫ⱘܗ‬䕈৥ᑨবЎ‫ݙ‬ᆍ, ᓎゟऩ‫ܗ‬㸼EPELAXL
PRETAB ! ᰒ⼎ऩ‫ܗ‬㸼Ёⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
/NUMBER, 0 ! ᰒ⼎㓪ো, ᑊՓ⫼ᔽ㡆
PLETAB, MFORX ! ⫼㡆ᑺ೒ᰒ⼎ऩ‫ܗ‬㸼MFORXЁᴚӊ䕈࡯೒
FINISH ! 䗔ߎৢ໘⧚῵ഫ

4ˊ㒧ᵰߚᵤ

䗮䖛ᓎゟ῵ൟⱘℹ偸˄1˅㟇˄3˅ˈᕫࠄ޴ԩ῵ൟˈ㽕೼῵ൟϞᰒ⼎㡖⚍㓪োˈ䳔㽕
⫼㓪োᰒ⼎ੑҸĀ/PNUM, NODE, 1āᠧᓔ㡖⚍㓪োˈ݇䯁ᰒ⼎䳔㽕ᇚ䖭䞠ⱘĀ1ā䆹ЎĀ0āDŽ
ੑҸĀ/PNUM, ELEM, 1āৃҹᠧᓔऩ‫ܗ‬㓪োᰒ⼎ˈ咬䅸ⱘऩ‫ܗ‬买㡆ᰒ⼎ᰃ㓪ো੠ᔽ㡆ৠᯊ
Փ⫼ˈे৘Ͼऩ‫݋ܗ‬᳝ϡৠⱘ买㡆DŽЎњさߎᰒ⼎ᬜᵰˈ䖭䞠Փ⫼њ䗝乍Ā/NUMBER, 2ā
ᇚ䆹䆒㕂ׂᬍЎাᰒ⼎㓪োˈϡՓ⫼买㡆DŽৢ䴶㄀˄6˅ℹ⬅ੑҸĀ/NUMBER,0āᘶ໡Ў
ᔽ㡆੠㓪োৠᯊՓ⫼ˈҹさߎᔽ㡆ㄝ催㒓೒ⱘᰒ⼎DŽ
ᮑࡴ㥋䕑੠䖍⬠ᴵӊৢˈ῵ൟ೒ЁӮߎ⦄㥋䕑ヺো੠㡖⚍㑺ᴳᷛᖫDŽ䖭䞠ᮑࡴ೼㡖⚍
Ϟⱘ䲚Ё࡯ϔ㠀⫼㑶㡆ㆁ༈㸼⼎ˈ↣ϔϾԡ⿏㑺ᴳ⫼ϔϾᇣϝ㾦ヺো㸼⼎DŽ᠔ҹ೼Ꮊջ㡖
⚍⬅ϸϾᇣϝ㾦ˈ㸼⼎ϸϾᮍ৥ⱘ㒓ԡ⿏㹿㑺ᴳDŽেջᬃᑻ߭া᳝ϔϾᇣϝ㾦ˈ㸼⼎া㑺
ᴳњオ৥㒓ԡ⿏DŽ
䗮䖛∖㾷ৢˈ㄀˄6˅ℹ߽⫼PRDISP߫ߎњ৘Ͼ㡖⚍ⱘԡ⿏䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ˄㸼1.1˅DŽ
㸼1.1 Ҏᄫൟሟᶊⱘ㡖⚍ԡ⿏䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
㡖 ⚍ ো ∈ᑇԡ⿏UX(m) 䪙Ⳉԡ⿏UY(m)
1 0.0000 0.0000
2 0.28986E05 0.26666E04
3 0.48309E05 0.25865E04
4 0.67633E05 0.26666E04
5 0.96618E05 0.0000
6 0.95235E05 0.27149E04
7 0.48309E05 0.25865E04
8 0.13832E06 0.27149E04

⫼ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬㸼ⱘᮍ⊩ˈৃҹᦤপߎ৘Ͼऩ‫࡯ݙⱘܗ‬੠ᑨ࡯DŽ⫼߫ߎऩ‫ܗ‬㸼ⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
ᣛҸPRETABৃҹᶹⳟ䕈࡯ǃ䕈৥ᑨ࡯੠䕈৥ᑨবⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ˗㸼1.2ᰃ⬅PRETAB߫ߎⱘ
৘Ͼऩ‫ⱘܗ‬䕈࡯ǃ䕈৥ᑨ࡯੠䕈৥ᑨব䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ˗㸼1.3ᰃ䖭޴乍䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰⱘ᳔ᇣؐ੠᠔೼

9
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

ऩ‫˗ܗ‬㸼1.4ᰃ䖭޴乍䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰⱘ᳔໻ؐ੠᠔೼ऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ
㸼1.2 ᠔᳝ऩ‫࡯ݙܗ‬䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
ऩ ‫ ܗ‬㓪 ো 䕈࡯MFORX 䕈৥ᑨ࡯SAXL 䕈৥ᑨবEPELAXL
1 3000.0 0.30000E+06 0.14493E05
2 2000.0 0.20000E+06 0.96618E06
3 2000.0 0.20000E+06 0.96618E06
4 3000.0 0.30000E+06 0.14493E05
5 3354.1 0.33541E+06 0.16203E05
6 3354.1 0.33541E+06 0.16203E05
7 1000.0 0.10000E+06 0.48309E06
8 1414.2 0.14142E+06 0.68319E06
9 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
10 1414.2 0.14142E+06 0.68319E06
11 1000.0 0.10000E+06 0.48309E06
12 3354.1 0.33541E+06 0.16203E05
13 3354.1 0.33541E+06 0.16203E05

㸼1.3 䕈࡯ǃ৥ᑨ࡯੠䕈৥ᑨবⱘ᳔ᇣؐ᠔೼ऩ‫ܗ‬
᠔೼ऩ‫ܗ‬ELEM 13 13 13
᳔ᇣؐ 3354.1 0.33541E+06 0.16203E05

㸼1.4 䕈࡯ǃ৥ᑨ࡯੠䕈৥ᑨবⱘ᳔໻ؐঞ᠔೼ऩ‫ܗ‬
᠔೼ऩ‫ܗ‬ELEM 1 1 1
᳔໻ؐ 3000.0 0.30000E+06 0.14493E05

੠ࠡ䴶ⱘ⧚䆎䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ↨䕗ˈ‫࡯ݙ‬䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰਏড়ᕜདDŽ

1.3 䍙䴭ᅮᢝय़ᴚⱘড࡯䅵ㅫ
೼ϸϾⳌ䎱l=1m߮ᗻ䴶П䯈᳝ϔḍㄝ៾䴶ᴚˈᴚӊᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣ЎE=210GPaˈ೼
䎱 ⾏ Ϟ ッa=0.3m੠0.6m៾䴶ԡ㕂໘ߚ߿Ўফࠄ⊓ᴚӊ䕈৥ⱘϸϾ䲚Ё࡯F1 =1000N੠
F2 =500N˄བ೒1.9᠔⼎˅ˈ䆩߽⫼Ѡ㓈ᴚऩ‫ܗ‬LINK1 ⹂ᅮϸϾ߮ᗻ䴶ᇍᴚӊⱘᬃড࡯ R1
੠R2 DŽ

1ˊ⧚䆎㾷

䖭ᰃϔϾϔ⃵䍙䴭ᅮ㒧ᵘˈᴚӊ೼বᔶࠡ੠বᔶৢⱘ䭓ᑺϡবDŽᣝ೒1.9᠔⼎ⱘড࡯԰
⫼ᚙ‫ˈމ‬1োऩ‫ⱘܗ‬䕈࡯ЎR 2 ˈ2োऩ‫ⱘܗ‬䕈࡯ЎF 2 F 2 ˈ3োऩ‫ⱘܗ‬䕈࡯ЎR 1 ˈ߭䖭3Ͼऩ
‫ⱘܗ‬Ԍ䭓䞣ߚ߿Ў˖

10
 ㄀1ゴ ㅔऩᢝय़ᴚ㒧ᵘ

0. 4R 2 0.3F2 − 0.3 R2 0.3R1

O ˈO ˈO
EA EA EA
ḍ᥂ᘏ䭓ᑺϡবৃҹᕫࠄ˖
−0.7 R2 + 0.3F2 + 0.3R1
Δ l1 + Δ l2 + Δl3 = =0
EA
ᑇ㸵݇㋏˖
R 1 F1 -F2 +R2 =0
⬅ℸ㾷ߎˈড࡯ⱘ㒧ᵰЎ˖
R 1 =900NˈR2 =600N

2ˊANSYS∖㾷

೼ϸϾ䲚Ё࡯ԡ㕂੠ϸϾ߮ᗻ೎ᅮԡ㕂䆒㕂4Ͼ㡖⚍ˈᴚӊߦߚЎ3Ͼऩ‫ܗ‬DŽതᷛ㋏ˈ
㡖⚍੠ऩ‫ⱘܗ‬㓪োབ೒1.10᠔⼎DŽᣝϟ䴶ℹ偸ᅠ៤ߚᵤDŽ
R1

a = 0.3m

b = 0.6m F1 l = 1m

F2

R2

೒1.9 䍙䴭ᅮᢝय़ᴚⱘ῵ൟ⼎ᛣ೒ ೒1.10 㡖⚍੠ऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬

ď1Đ೎ຕಃੜ‫ד‬๥फ໸ಾࡁॏ‫ד‬๥ēӦ၍फ໸ϰဈ֝ป‫ئ‬Ӧ၍LINK1ēՇ࿌۸ࠉੋA
ۤϫॸԅӰ໿੦२EXd
ď2ĐॆဈN੡গՇ࿌უ4ّࠋԤd
ď3ĐဈE੡গՇ࿌ᄯ޷ԅ3ّӦ၍d
ď4ĐՇ࿌౨ժ1ۜԤۤຏժ4ۜԤ‫څ‬Շēωಠަၽ2ۜԤۤ3ۜԤԅ‫ނ‬ᄯॏd
ď5ĐᄗՇ೛ѻ༪ົ‫܊‬ēࢗಳௐࠓd
ď6Đၽྡྷ͎‫҉܊‬स੦ࣖᄯēॆဈࠋԤॏௐۤЀᆴ‫ݦ‬Ԅ०ّ‫څ‬ՇԤ҉ԅֱॏd
ď7Đߜ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ڴ‬೛ѻӾ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ڴ‬ำߑd

3ˊANSYS⿟ᑣ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎҹࠡⱘ῵ഫ
/CLEAR,START ! ⏙䰸㋏㒳Ёⱘ᠔᭄᳝᥂,䇏ܹਃࡼ᭛ӊⱘ䆒㕂
! (1) 䆒㕂Ꮉ⿟ⱘ䗝乍, 䖯ܹࠡ໘⧚῵ഫ,ໄᯢऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟ,ᅲᐌ᭄੠ᴤ᭭খ᭄
/FILNAME, EX1.3 ! ᣛᅮᔧࠡᎹ⿟ⱘ᭛ӊৡ,᠔᭄᳝᥂⫼䆹᭛ӊৡֱᄬ
/PREP7 ! ࡴ䕑ࠡ໘⧚῵ഫ
/TITLE, EX1.3, STATICALLY INDETERMINATE REACTION FORCE ANALYSIS

11
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

ANTYPE,STATIC ! ᅮНߚᵤ㉏ൟЎ䴭࡯ߚᵤ
ET,1,LINK1 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬ЎѠ㓈ᴚऩ‫ܗ‬LINK1
R,1,1 ! ᅮНᅲᐌ᭄,ᴚӊ῾៾䴶䴶⿃Ў1
MP,EX,1,210E9 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣Ў210GPa
! (2) ᅮН㡖⚍
N,1 ! ೼തᷛॳ⚍ᅮН㄀1ো㡖⚍
N,2,,0.4 ! ೼(0,0.4m)ԡ㕂ᅮН2ো㡖⚍
N,3,,0.7 ! ೼(0,0.7m)ԡ㕂ᅮН3ো㡖⚍
N,4,,1.0 ! ೼(0,1.0m)ԡ㕂ᅮН4ো㡖⚍
! (3) ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬
E,1,2 ! 䖛㡖⚍1,2ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬
EGEN,3,1,1 ! ᣝࠡ䴶ऩ‫ⱘܗ‬㡖⚍䖲᥹ᚙ‫މ‬,Ңऩ‫ܗ‬1ᓔྟ⫳៤3Ͼऩ‫ܗ‬,↣⃵㡖⚍ⷕ๲ࡴ1
! (4) ᅮНԡ⿏㑺ᴳ੠㥋䕑
D,1,ALL,,,4,3 ! ᅮНԡ⿏䖍⬠ᴵӊ,೎ᅮ1ো㡖⚍,Փ⫼๲䞣3ᕾ⦃ࠄ4,೎ᅮ4ো㡖⚍
F,2,FY,-500 ! ೼2ো㡖⚍໘ᮑࡴ⊓Y䋳ᮍ৥໻ᇣЎ500Nⱘ䲚Ё࡯
F,3,FY,-1000 ! ೼3ো㡖⚍໘ᮑࡴ⊓Y䋳ᮍ৥໻ᇣЎ1000Nⱘ䲚Ё࡯
FINISH ! 䗔ߎࠡ໘⧚῵ഫ
! (5) 䖯ܹ∖㾷῵ഫSOLU
/SOLU ! ࡴ䕑∖㾷῵ഫ
OUTPR,BASIC,1 ! 䗝ᢽ෎ᴀ䕧ߎ乍Ⳃ
OUTPR,NLOAD,1 ! ᣛᅮ䕧ߎ㄀1㥋䕑ℹⱘ‫ݙ‬ᆍ
SOLVE ! ᓔྟ∖㾷
FINISH ! 䗔ߎ∖㾷῵ഫ
! (6) 䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫPOST1
/POST1 ! 䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
NSEL,S,LOC,Y,1.0 ! 䗝ᢽ᠔᳝ԡѢY=1.0ԡ㕂Ϟⱘ㡖⚍,े㡖⚍4
FSUM ! ㌃䅵঴ࡴ䗝ᢽ䲚Ё˄े4ো㡖⚍˅᠔᳝㡖⚍Ϟⱘড࡯
*GET,REAC_1,FSUM,,ITEM,FY ! ᇚ㌃ࡴ㒧ᵰЁⱘFY˄Yᮍ৥ⱘ࡯˅ֱᄬࠄব䞣REAC_1Ё
NSEL,S,LOC,Y,0 ! 䗝ᢽ᠔᳝ԡѢY=0ԡ㕂Ϟⱘ㡖⚍,े㡖⚍1
FSUM ! ㌃ࡴ䗝ᢽ䲚Ё˄े1ো㡖⚍˅᠔᳝㡖⚍Ϟⱘ࡯
*GET,REAC_2,FSUM,,ITEM,FY ! ᇚ㌃ࡴ㒧ᵰЁⱘFY˄Yᮍ৥ⱘ࡯˅ֱᄬࠄব䞣REAC_2Ё
! (7) ⬇ᯢ᭄㒘,䕧ߎ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰᑊ↨䕗
*DIM,LABEL,CHAR,2 ! ᅮНϸϾᄫヺൟ᭄㒘LABEL
*DIM,VALUE,,2,3 ! ᅮН2ˆ3᭄ؐൟ᭄㒘VALUE
LABEL(1) = 'R1, N ','R2, N ' ! 㒭᭄㒘LABELⱘ㄀1߫‫ܗ‬㋴䌟ؐ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,1),DATA,900,600 ! 㒭᭄㒘VALUEⱘ㄀1߫‫ܗ‬㋴䌟⧚䆎ؐ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,2),DATA,ABS(REAC_1),ABS(REAC_2) ! 㒭᭄㒘VALUEⱘ㄀2߫‫ܗ‬㋴䌟䅵ㅫؐ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,3),DATA,ABS(REAC_1/900) ,ABS(REAC_2/600) ! 䌟↨ؐ
/OUT,EX1_3,out ! ᇚ䕧ߎ‫ݙ‬ᆍ䞡ᅮ৥ࠄ᭛ӊEX1_3.out
/COM
/COM,------------------- EX1.3 RESULTS COMPARISON ---------------------
/COM,
/COM, | TARGET | ANSYS | RATIO
/COM,

12
 ㄀1ゴ ㅔऩᢝय़ᴚ㒧ᵘ

*VWRITE,LABEL(1),VALUE(1,1),VALUE(1,2),VALUE(1,3)
(1X,A8,' ',F10.1,' ',F10.1,' ',1F5.3)
/COM,----------------------------------------------------------------
/OUT ! 㒧ᴳ᭄᥂䞡ᅮ৥,݇䯁䕧ߎ᭛ӊ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
*LIST,EX1_3,out ! ߫㸼ᰒ⼎᭛ӊEX1_3.outⱘ‫ݙ‬ᆍ

4ˊ㒧ᵰߚᵤ

߽⫼Ϟ䴶⿟ᑣˈ䅵ㅫᕫࠄ㸼1.5ⱘ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬㒧ᵰ੠⧚䆎㒧ᵰⱘ↨䕗ˈҢЁৃҹⳟߎˈϸ㗙
ᅠܼਏড়DŽ
㸼1.5 Ϟϟ೎ᅮッ໘ড࡯ⱘ⧚䆎䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ੠᳝䰤‫ܗ‬䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰⱘ↨䕗
ড ࡯ ⧚ 䆎 㾷 ANSYS㾷 ↨ ؐ
Ϟッড࡯R1˄N˅ 900.0 900.0 1.000
ϟッড࡯R2˄N˅ 600.0 600.0 1.000

1.4 ᑇ㸠ᴚӊϢ߮ᗻṕ䖲᥹ⱘ⛁ᑨ࡯䯂乬
䭓ᑺl=1mⱘϸḍ䪰ᴚ੠ϔḍ䪕ᴚˈᑇ㸠ഄ䫄㒧೼߮ᗻຕ੠߮ᗻṕП䯈˄བ೒1.11᠔⼎˅ˈ
2
ᅗӀⱘ῾៾䴶⿃䛑ㄝѢA=65mm ˈ䪰੠䪕ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣ߚ߿ㄝѢE c=100GPa੠E s =210GPaˈ⛁
㝼㚔㋏᭄ߚ߿ㄝѢac=1.6× 10-5 /eC੠as =1.3× 10-5 /eCDŽ߮ᗻຕϞ䫄㡖⚍П䯈ⱘ䎱⾏Ў1mˈ䆩
䅵ㅫ೼߮ᗻṕЁ䚼ⱘ䲚Ё࡯Q=4000N԰⫼ϟˈ⏽ᑺछ催T=10eCҹৢˈ3ḍᴚӊЁⱘᑨ࡯DŽ

೒1.11 ໪࡯੠⏽ᑺ԰⫼ϟⱘᑇ㸠ᴚ߮ṕ῵ൟ ೒1.12 ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬㡖⚍੠ऩ‫ܗ‬Ꮧ㕂

1ˊ⧚䆎㾷

߮ᗻṕ䖲᥹ֱ䆕њ䖭3ḍᴚ೼বᔶࠡ䭓ᑺⳌㄝˈछ⏽ফ࡯ৢᅗӀⱘ䭓ᑺҡ✊៤↨՟DŽԚ
ᰃˈ⬅ѢᭈϾ㒧ᵘ޴ԩ੠ফ࡯Ꮊেᇍ⿄ˈ᠔ҹবᔶгᰃᎺেᇍ⿄ⱘDŽ
‫؛‬䆒߮ᗻṕ೼বᔶৢ৥ϟ⿏ࡼњ¥ˈ߭ᇍѢ䪰ᴚ੠䪕ᴚߚ߿᳝˖
N cl N sl
δ= + α c ΔT l δ= + α s ΔT l
Ec A Es A
ˈ
݊ЁˈNcˈNs ߚ߿ᰃ䪰ᴚ੠䪕ᴚЁⱘ䕈࡯DŽḍ᥂߮ᗻṕϞ࡯ⱘᑇ㸵݇㋏ˈ᳝˖
2Nc+Ns 4 

13
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

⬅䖭ϝϾᮍ⿟ৃҹ㾷ߎ߮ᗻṕⱘϟ䰡䞣ˈ䪰ᴚ੠䪕ᴚⱘᢝ࡯Ў˖
Ec Es
Nc = [(α s − α c )E s AΔ T + Q)] Ns = [2(α c − α s )E c AΔT + Q )]
2 Ec + E s 2 Ec + E s
ˈ
ҷ᭄ܹؐˈᕫࠄ䕈࡯˖
Nc=875.73NˈNs 34.59N
᠔ҹˈ䪰ᴚ੠䪕ᴚЁⱘ䕈৥ᑨ࡯ߚ߿Ў˖
σ c=875.73/65=13.74MPaˈσ s 2248.5/65=34.59MPa

2ˊANSYS∖㾷

ḍ᥂བ೒1.12᠔⼎ⱘ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟˈ㡖⚍1ˈ2ˈ3೎ᅮˈ㡖⚍4ˈ5ˈ6ᰃ䖲᥹೼߮ᗻṕϞ
ⱘ䫄䫒㡖⚍ϞDŽ

೒1.13 ᑇ㸠ᴚ߮ᗻṕ䯂乬ⱘ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟ

ď1ĐՇ࿌‫ד‬๥फ໸cӦ၍फ໸cಬШ೴ۤϫॸϵ೴d
೼ࠡ໘⧚῵ഫЁˈᅮНߚᵤ㉏ൟANTYPEᰃ䴭࡯ߚᵤ˄STATIC˅ˈऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟETᰃѠ
2
㓈ᴚऩ‫ܗ‬LINK1ˈᅲᐌ᭄៾䴶䴶⿃RЎ65mm ˈᴤ᭭খ᭄˄MP˅Ёⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EX=210GPaˈ
⛁㝼㚔㋏᭄ALPXㄝDŽ
ď2ĐՇ࿌ࠋԤสᄢ໰๯d
߽⫼㡖⚍ᅮНੑҸNˈ‫ܜ‬೼1˄1m, 0˅੠3˄1m, 0˅໘ᅮН1ো੠3ো㡖⚍ˈ߽⫼FILL
ੑҸ฿‫⫳ܙ‬៤ҟѢ1ো੠3োП䯈˄0, 0˅ԡ㕂ⱘ2ো㡖⚍˗ৠḋഄৃҹᅮН4˄1m, 1m˅ˈ
6˄1m,1m˅㡖⚍ˈ੠㡖⚍5˄0,1m˅DŽ
ď3ĐՇ࿌Ӧ၍໰๯d
⫼ĀE,1,4āᅮН䖛㡖⚍1ˈ4㡖⚍ⱘ䪰ᴚऩ‫˄ܗ‬Փ⫼咬䅸ⱘऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟ੠ᴤ᭭㉏ൟ˅˗⫼
ĀE,3,6āᅮН䖛㡖⚍3ˈ6㡖⚍ⱘ䪰ᴚऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ⫼ĀMAT,2āᇚᴤ᭭㉏ൟোᬍবЎ2ˈ⫼ĀE,2,5ā
ᅮН䖛㡖⚍2ˈ5㡖⚍ⱘ䪕ᴚऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ⫼ĀCP,1,UY,5,4,6āᅮН5ˈ4ˈ6䖭3Ͼ㡖⚍Ў㗺ড়㞾⬅
ᑺˈे3㗙ⱘUYԡ⿏ᘏᰃⳌㄝDŽ
ď4ĐՇ࿌สྭၟ೯ۤ۠ၻďෳॏۤัէ۠ၻĐd
⫼ĀD,1,ALL,,,3āᅮН1ো㡖⚍ࠄ3ো㡖⚍ܼ䚼೎ᅮ˗⫼ĀF,5,FY,4000ā೼5ো㡖⚍໘

14
 ㄀1ゴ ㅔऩᢝय़ᴚ㒧ᵘ

ᮑࡴ⊓ⴔYᮍ৥ⱘ໻ᇣㄝѢ4000Nⱘ䲚Ё࡯˗⫼ĀBFUNIF,TEMP,80āᇚ⏽ᑺҢॳᴹⱘ70
ᑺഛࣔछࠄ80ᑺ(TREF+10)DŽ㒣䖛ҹϞℹ偸ᕫࠄབ೒1.13᠔⼎ⱘ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟDŽ
ď5Đࠩదௐࠓ੦ࣖēՇ࿌ௐࠓ༪ົēωࢗಳௐࠓd
⫼Ā/SOLUāࡴ䕑∖㾷῵ഫ˗⫼ĀSOLVEāੑҸᓔྟ∖㾷ˈ㦋ᕫ৘Ͼ㡖⚍ⱘԡ⿏䅵ㅫ
㒧ᵰDŽ
ď6Đၽྡྷ͎‫҉܊‬स੦ࣖᄯē༹დඋՇสᄢԅࠋԤۤӦ၍ēωඔ௜൑ਬԅઝॏd
⫼Ā/POST1āࡴ䕑ৢ໘⧚῵ഫ˗⫼ĀETABLE,STRS_ST,LS,1āҹᴚӊⱘ䕈৥ᑨ࡯ĀLS,1ā
Ў‫ݙ‬ᆍᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬㸼STRS_ST˗⫼ĀETABLE, STRS_CO, LS,1āҹᴚӊⱘ䕈৥ᑨ࡯ĀLS,1ā
ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬㸼STRS_CODŽ⫼Ā*GET,STRSS_ST,ELEM,STEEL_E, ETAB, STRS_STāҢऩ‫ܗ‬㸼
STRS_STЁᦤপSTEEL_Eऩ‫ⱘܗ‬ᑨ࡯㒧ᵰˈᄬܹব䞣STRSS_ST˗⫼Ā*GET, STRSS_CO,
ELEM,COPPER_E,ETAB,STRS_COāҢऩ‫ܗ‬㸼 STRS_COЁᦤপCOPPER_Eऩ‫ⱘܗ‬ᑨ࡯㒧
ᵰˈᄬܹব䞣STRSS_CODŽ
ď7Đߜ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ރڴ‬ୣူसৢࠓԅΑࠀெࣣ೛ѻӾำߑd

3ˊANSYS⿟ᑣ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎҹࠡⱘ῵ഫ
/CLEAR,START ! ⏙䰸㋏㒳Ёⱘ᠔᭄᳝᥂,䇏ܹਃࡼ᭛ӊⱘ䆒㕂
! (1) ᅮНߚᵤ㉏ൟǃऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟǃ៾䴶䴶⿃੠ᴤ᭭ⱘ࡯ᄺǃ⛁ᄺখ᭄
/FILNAME,EX1.4 ! ᣛᅮᔧࠡᎹ⿟ⱘ᭛ӊৡ,᠔᭄᳝᥂⫼䆹᭛ӊৡֱᄬ
/PREP7 ! ࡴ䕑ࠡ໘⧚῵ഫ
/TITLE, EX1.4, THERMALLY LOADED SUPPORT STRUCTURE
ANTYPE,STATIC ! ᅮНߚᵤ㉏ൟЎ䴭࡯ߚᵤ
ET,1,LINK1 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬ЎѠ㓈ᴚऩ‫ܗ‬LINK1
R,1,65e-6 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᅲᐌ᭄, ᴚӊ៾䴶䴶⿃65mm^2
MP,EX,1,100E9 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭䪰ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣100 GPa
MP,ALPX,1,1.6E-5 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭䪰ⱘ⛁㝼㚔㋏᭄1.6E-5
MP,EX,2,210E9 ! ᅮН㄀2㉏ᴤ᭭䪕ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣210 GPa
MP,ALPX,2,1.3E-5 ! ᅮН㄀2㉏ᴤ᭭䪕ⱘ⛁㝼㚔㋏᭄1.3E-5
TREF,70 ! 䆒ᅮখ㗗⏽ᑺЎ70ᑺ
! (2) ᅮН㡖⚍ԡ㕂ֵᙃ
N,1,-1 ! ೼˄-1m,0˅໘ᅮН1ো㡖⚍
N,3,1 ! ೼˄1m,0˅໘ᅮН3ো㡖⚍
FILL ! ߽⫼฿‫ܙ‬ੑҸ೼1ো੠3ো㡖⚍П䯈⫳៤2ো㡖⚍
N,4,-1,-1 ! ೼˄-1m,-1m˅໘ᅮН4ো㡖⚍
N,6,1,-1 ! ೼˄1m,-1m˅໘ᅮН6ো㡖⚍
FILL ! ߽⫼฿‫ܙ‬ੑҸ೼4ো੠6ো㡖⚍П䯈⫳៤5ো㡖⚍
! (3) ᅮНऩ‫ֵܗ‬ᙃ
E,1,4 ! 䖛㡖⚍1ǃ4ᅮН䪰ᴚऩ‫ܗ‬,Փ⫼咬䅸ⱘऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟ੠ᴤ᭭㉏ൟ
E,3,6 ! 䖛㡖⚍3ǃ6ᅮН䪰ᴚऩ‫ܗ‬
MAT,2 ! ᬍবᴤ᭭㉏ൟোЎ2
E,2,5 ! 䖛㡖⚍2ǃ5ᅮН䪕ᴚऩ‫ܗ‬
CP,1,UY,5,4,6 ! ᅮН5ǃ4ǃ6䖭3Ͼ㡖⚍ⱘUYЎ㗺ড়㞾⬅ᑺ,े3㗙ⱘUYԡ⿏ᘏᰃⳌㄝ

15
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

! (4) ᅮНԡ⿏㑺ᴳ੠㥋䕑˄໪࡯੠⏽ᑺ㥋䕑˅
D,1,ALL,,,3 ! ᅮН1ো㡖⚍ࠄ3ো㡖⚍ܼ䚼೎ᅮ
F,5,FY,-4000 ! ೼5ো㡖⚍໘ᮑࡴ⊓ⴔYᮍ৥ⱘ໻ᇣㄝѢ4000Nⱘ䲚Ё࡯
BFUNIF,TEMP,80 ! ⏽ᑺҢॳᴹⱘ70ᑺഛࣔछࠄ80ᑺ(TREF+10)
FINISH ! 䗔ߎࠡ໘⧚῵ഫPREP7
! (5) ೼∖㾷῵ഫ,ᅮН∖㾷䗝乍,ᑊᓔྟ∖㾷
/SOLU ! ࡴ䕑∖㾷῵ഫ
OUTPR,BASIC,1 ! 䗝ᢽ㄀1㥋䕑ℹⱘ෎ᴀ䕧ߎ乍Ⳃ
OUTPR,NLOAD,1 ! ᣛᅮ䕧ߎ㄀1㥋䕑ℹⱘ‫ݙ‬ᆍ
NSUBST,1 ! ᣛᅮᔧࠡ∖㾷ⱘ㥋䕑ℹ
SOLVE ! ᓔྟ∖㾷
FINISH ! 䗔ߎ∖㾷῵ഫSOLU
! (6) ೼ϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫЁ,ᇏᡒ⡍ᅮԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍੠ऩ‫ܗ‬,ᑊᦤপᅗӀⱘ‫࡯ݙ‬
/POST1 ! ࡴ䕑ৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
STEEL_N = NODE (,,,) ! 䗝ᢽ䎱⾏˄0,0,0˅ԡ㕂᳔䖥ⱘ㡖⚍,ֱᄬࠄব䞣STEEL_N
COPPER_N = NODE (1,0,0) ! 䗝ᢽ䎱⾏˄1,0,0˅ԡ㕂᳔䖥ⱘ㡖⚍,ֱᄬࠄব䞣COPPER_N
STEEL_E = ENEARN (STEEL_N) ! 䗝ᢽ䎱⾏STEEL_N㡖⚍᳔䖥ⱘऩ‫ܗ‬,ֱᄬࠄব䞣STEEL_E
COPPER_E = ENEARN (COPPER_N) ! 䗝ᢽ䎱⾏COPPER_N㡖⚍᳔䖥ⱘऩ‫ܗ‬,ֱᄬࠄব䞣COPPER_E
ETABLE,STRS_ST,LS,1 ! ⫼䕈৥ᑨ࡯SAXLⱘ㓪ো”LS,1”ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬㸼STRS_ST
ETABLE,STRS_CO,LS,1 ! ⫼䕈৥ᑨ࡯SAXLⱘ㓪ো”LS,1”ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬㸼STRS_CO
*GET,STRSS_ST,ELEM,STEEL_E,ETAB,STRS_ST ! Ңऩ‫ܗ‬㸼STRS_STᦤপSTEEL_Eऩ‫ⱘܗ‬
ᑨ࡯,ᄬܹSTRSS_ST
*GET,STRSS_CO,ELEM,COPPER_E,ETAB,STRS_CO ! Ңऩ‫ܗ‬㸼STRS_COᦤপCOPPER_Eऩ
‫ⱘܗ‬ᑨ࡯,ᄬܹSTRSS_CO
! (7) ᇚ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰঞ݊Ϣ⧚䆎㾷ⱘ↨䕗ᚙ‫މ‬䕧ߎࠄ᭛ӊvm3.txt
*DIM,LABEL,CHAR,2,2 ! ᅮН2*2ⱘᄫヺൟ᭄㒘LABEL
*DIM,VALUE,,2,3 ! ᅮН2*3ⱘ᭄ؐൟ᭄㒘VALUE
LABEL(1,1) = 'STRSS_ST','STRSS_CO'
LABEL(1,2) = ' (MPa) ',' (MPa) '
*VFILL,VALUE(1,1),DATA,34.59,13.47
*VFILL,VALUE(1,2),DATA,STRSS_ST/1e6,STRSS_CO/1e6
*VFILL,VALUE(1,3),DATA,ABS(STRSS_ST/34.59e6),ABS( STRSS_CO/13.47e6 )
/COM
/OUT,EX1_4,out ! ᇚ䕧ߎ‫ݙ‬ᆍ䞡ᅮ৥ࠄ᭛ӊEX1_4.out
/COM,------------------- EX1.4 RESULTS COMPARISON ---------------------
/COM,
/COM, | TARGET | ANSYS | RATIO
/COM,
*VWRITE,LABEL(1,1),LABEL(1,2),VALUE(1,1),VALUE(1,2),VALUE(1,3)
(1X,A8,A8,' ',F10.2,' ',F10.2,' ',1F5.3)
/COM,----------------------------------------------------------------
/OUT ! 㒧ᴳ᭄᥂䞡ᅮ৥,݇䯁䕧ߎ᭛ӊ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
*LIST,EX1_4,out ! ߫㸼ᰒ⼎᭛ӊEX1_4.outⱘ‫ݙ‬ᆍ

16
 ㄀1ゴ ㅔऩᢝय़ᴚ㒧ᵘ

4ˊ㒧ᵰߚᵤ

㒣䖛ҹϞⱘ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬䅵ㅫˈᕫࠄ䪰ᴚ੠䪕ᴚЁⱘ䕈৥ᑨ࡯ߚ߿Ў˖
Nc=13.47MPaˈNs 34.59MPa
Ϣ⧚䆎䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰᅠܼϔ㟈DŽ

1.5 ッ䚼᳝䯈䱭ⱘᴚⱘ⛁㝼㚔
೼ϸϾⳌ䎱3.002mⱘᑇ㸠߮ᗻຕП䯈ˈ᳝ϔḍ䪱ড়䞥ᴚϔッ೎ᅮ೼߮ᗻຕϞˈ೼ᨘ⇣
21ᑺᯊᴚӊ঺ϔッ䎱⾏߮ᗻຕ¥=2mm˄བ೒1.14᠔⼎˅DŽᔧ⏽ᑺछ催ࠄᨘ⇣77ᑺˈ䆩⹂ᅮ
-5
ᴚӊ‫ݙ‬䚼ⱘ⏽ᑺᑨ࡯DŽᔍᗻ῵䞣পE=72.4GPaˈ⊞ᵒ↨প0ˈ⛁㝼㚔㋏᭄প¢=2.25× 10 /eCDŽ

1ˊ⧚䆎㾷

೼⏽ᑺछ催T=7721=56eCৢˈᴚӊⱘ᮴㑺ᴳ㝼㚔Ԍ䭓䞣Ў˖
-5
l=¢Tl=2.25× 10 × 56× 3000=3.78mm
⬅Ѣ߮ᗻຕⱘ䰤ࠊˈᅲ䰙Ԍ䭓䞣Ў2mmDŽ಴ℸ߮ᗻຕ㒭ᴚӊⱘ԰⫼࡯Փ݊㓽ⷁњ
1.78mmˈ಴ℸৃҹ⹂ᅮߎᴚӊⱘオ৥ᑨ࡯Ў˖
³y=1.78/3000×E=1.78/3000× 72.4× 103 =42.957MPa
೼೎ᅮッԡ㕂໘ˈ⏽ᑺछ催ᯊᴚӊ᮴⊩῾৥㞾⬅㝼㚔ˈ∈ᑇᮍ৥ᑨবֱᣕЎ䳊ˈ಴ℸ
೼∈ᑇᮍ৥ѻ⫳⏽ᑺᑨ࡯DŽ⏽ᑺᑨ࡯ᓩ䍋ⱘᑨবㄝѢ⛁㝼㚔ᓩ䍋ⱘᑨবˈ᠔ҹ᳝˖
³x=E ¢T=72.4× 103 × 2.25× 10-5 × 56=91.224MPa

2ˊAnsys㾷

߽⫼ᑇ䴶ऩ‫ˈܗ‬ᇚᴚӊߦߚ៤བ೒1.15᠔⼎ⱘ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟˈ⬅4Ͼ⚍ᵘ៤ϔϾ䭓ᑺЎl
ⱘⶽᔶऎඳˈऎඳⱘϟᮍ⬭᳝ϔϾ䎱⾏߮ᗻຕ3mmⱘ䯈䱭DŽ߮ᗻຕ⬅᥹㾺ऩ‫ⱘܗ‬11ˈ12ো
㡖⚍ᵘ៤DŽᴀ՟ЁՓ⫼њᑇ䴶ऩ‫ܗ‬PLANE42ˈᅗᰃϔϾ4㡖⚍ⱘᑇ䴶ऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ᥹㾺ऩ‫ܗ‬Փ⫼
њ⚍ᇍ䴶ⱘѠ㓈᥹㾺ऩ‫ܗ‬CONTAC26ˈᅗ㑺ᴳњϞ䴶ᑇ䴶ऩ‫ܗ‬Ϟⱘ㡖⚍1ˈ㡖⚍2こ䖛߮ᗻ
ᑇ䴶DŽ

4 3

l = 3m l = 3m
3
Y
1 1 2 2
¥= 2mm
11 12 ¥= 2mm
X

೒1.14 ッ䚼⬅䯈䱭ⱘᴚⱘ⛁㝼㚔 ೒1.15 㡖⚍Ꮧ㕂੠ऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬

ϟ䴶⿟ᑣ佪‫ܜ‬ᅮНњᴀ䯂乬Ёⱘϸ㉏ऩ‫ⱘܗ‬ϔѯ࡯ᄺখ᭄ˈ✊ৢᅮНњᵘ៤ᑇ䴶ऎඳ
ⱘ4Ͼ㡖⚍੠ϟ䴶߮ᗻຕⱘϸϾ㡖⚍DŽऩ‫ܗ‬ᅮН߭া᳝ϸϾऩ‫ˈܗ‬ԚᰃᅗӀ‫݋‬᳝ϡৠⱘऩ‫ܗ‬

17
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

㉏ൟˈ᠔ҹ೼ᅮН㄀2Ͼऩ‫ܗ‬ᯊ䳔㽕ᇚ咬䅸ⱘ㄀1㉏ᑇ䴶ऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟᬍ㓪Ў㄀2㉏᥹㾺ऩ‫㉏ܗ‬
ൟˈᴤ᭭㉏ൟгᬍЎ㄀2⾡᥹㾺䴶ᴤ᭭DŽ
ᇍ3ˈ4ো㡖⚍ⱘԡ⿏㑺ᴳপЎᅠܼ೎ᅮˈ1ˈ2㡖⚍߭া䰤ࠊ∈ᑇᮍ৥ⱘԡ⿏㞾⬅ᑺDŽ
ऩ‫ܗ‬㸼ⱘᅮНᣛᅮњ∈ᑇᑨ࡯੠䪙Ⳉᑨ࡯ˈᕜᯢ⹂ഄᣛᅮ㽕ᦤপ3োऩ‫∈ⱘܗ‬ᑇᑨ࡯੠䪙Ⳉ
ᑨ࡯DŽ㒣䖛ϟ䴶⿟ᑣЁⱘࠡ4ℹˈᕫࠄབ೒1.16᠔⼎ⱘᅮНњⳌᑨ䖍⬠ᴵӊⱘᴚӊ῵ൟDŽ

೒1.16 ッ䚼᳝䯈䱭ⱘᴚӊⱘ᥹㾺䯂乬᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟ

ϟ䴶ᰃܼ䚼ҷⷕˈ⊼ᛣ˖䖭䞠䅵ㅫऩԡপⱘᰃN੠mmˈᑨ࡯ऩԡᰃMPaDŽ

3ˊANSYS⿟ᑣ

FINISH ! 䗔ߎҹࠡⱘ῵ഫ
/CLEAR,START ! ⏙䰸㋏㒳Ёⱘ᠔᭄᳝᥂,䇏ܹਃࡼ᭛ӊⱘ䆒㕂
! (1) ᅮНߚᵤ㉏ൟǃऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟǃᑇ䴶ऩ‫ܗ‬८ᑺ੠ᴤ᭭ⱘ࡯ᄺǃ⛁ᄺখ᭄
/FILNAME, EX1.5 ! ᣛᅮᔧࠡᎹ⿟ⱘ᭛ӊৡ,᠔᭄᳝᥂⫼䆹᭛ӊৡֱᄬ
/PREP7 ! ࡴ䕑ࠡ໘⧚῵ഫ
/TITLE, EX1.5, THERMAL EXPANSION TO CLOSE A GAP AT A RIGID SURFACE
ANTYPE,STATIC ! ᅮНߚᵤ㉏ൟЎ䴭࡯ߚᵤ
ET,1,CONTAC26 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬ЎѠ㓈᥹㾺ऩ‫ܗ‬CONTACT26
R,1,2.625E15 ! ᅮН᥹㾺ऩ‫᥹ⱘܗ‬㾺߮ᑺ K = 2.625E15
ET,2,PLANE42,,,3 ! ᅮН㄀2㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬ЎѠ㓈ᏺ८ᑺⱘᑇ䴶ᑨ࡯ऩ‫ܗ‬PLANE42
R,2,1 ! ᅮН㄀2㉏ᅲᐌ᭄,ᑇ䴶ऩ‫ⱘܗ‬८ᑺ1mm
MP,EX,1,72.4E3 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EX = 72.4GPa
MP,ALPX,1,2.25E-5 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⛁㝼㚔㋏᭄ALPX = 2.25E-5
MP,NUXY,1,0 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨ NUXY = 0
! (2) ᅮН㡖⚍ֵᙃ
N,1,2000,1000 ! ೼˄2000mm,1000 mm˅໘ᅮН1ো㡖⚍
N,2,3000,1000 ! ೼˄3000 mm,1000 mm˅໘ᅮН2ো㡖⚍

18
 ㄀1ゴ ㅔऩᢝय़ᴚ㒧ᵘ

N,3,3000,4000 ! ೼˄3000 mm,4000 mm˅໘ᅮН3ো㡖⚍

N,4,2000,4000 ! ೼˄2000 mm,4000 mm˅໘ᅮН4ো㡖⚍
N,11,1000,998 ! ೼˄1000 mm,998 mm˅໘ᅮН11ো㡖⚍
N,12,4000,998 ! ೼˄4000 mm,998 mm˅໘ᅮН12ো㡖⚍
! (3) ᅮНऩ‫ֵܗ‬ᙃ
E,1,11,12 ! 䖛11ǃ12ো㡖⚍ᅮН᥹㾺ऩ‫ܗ‬
E,2,11,12
TYPE,2 ! 䗝ᢽऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟোЎ2
REAL,2 ! 䗝ᢽᅲᐌ᭄㉏ൟোЎ2
E,1,2,3,4 ! 䖛㡖⚍1ǃ2ǃ3ǃ4ᅮНᑇ䴶ऩ‫ܗ‬
TREF,21 ! 䆒ᅮ䍋ྟখ㗗⏽ᑺ21ᑺ
BFUNIF,TEMP,77 ! ᇚ᠔᳝㡖⚍ⱘ⏽ᑺഛࣔᦤछࠄ77ᑺ
! (4) ᅮНԡ⿏㑺ᴳ
D,3,ALL,,,4 ! 㑺ᴳ3ো㡖⚍ⱘ᠔᳝ԡ⿏,ᑊᕾ⦃ࠄ4ো㡖⚍
D,1,UX,,,2,1 ! 㑺ᴳ1ো㡖⚍ⱘUXԡ⿏,ᑊᕾ⦃ࠄ2ো㡖⚍
OUTPR,BASIC,LAST ! 䗝ᢽ෎ᴀ䕧ߎ䗝乍,Ⳉࠄ᳔ৢϔϾ㥋䕑ℹ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎࠡ໘⧚῵ഫPREP7
! (5) ೼∖㾷῵ഫᓔྟ∖㾷
/SOLU ! ࡴ䕑∖㾷῵ഫ
SOLVE ! ᓔྟ∖㾷
FINISH ! 䗔ߎ∖㾷῵ഫSOLU
! (6) ೼ϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫЁ,ᅮН∈ᑇᑨ࡯੠䪙Ⳉᑨ࡯ऩ‫ܗ‬㸼,ᑊᦤপ3োऩ‫ⱘܗ‬ᑨ࡯㒧ᵰ
/POST1 ! 䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
ETABLE,STRSX,S,X ! ᅮНXᮍ৥ⱘᑨ࡯Ўऩ‫ܗ‬㸼STRSX
ETABLE,STRSY,S,Y ! ᅮНYᮍ৥ⱘᑨ࡯Ўऩ‫ܗ‬㸼STRSY
*GET,STRSSX,ELEM,3,ETAB,STRSX ! Ңऩ‫ܗ‬㸼STRSXᦤপ3োऩ‫ܗ‬Xᮍ৥ⱘᑨ࡯,ᄬܹSTRSSX
*GET,STRSSY,ELEM,3,ETAB,STRSY ! Ңऩ‫ܗ‬㸼STRSYᦤপ3োऩ‫ܗ‬Yᮍ৥ⱘᑨ࡯,ᄬܹSTRSSY
! (7) ᇚ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ䕧ߎࠄ㒧ᵰ᭛ӊ
*DIM,LABEL,CHAR,2,2 ! ᅮН2*24Ͼ‫ܗ‬㋴ⱘᄫヺൟ᭄㒘LABEL
*DIM,VALUE,,2,3 ! ᅮН2*3ⱘ᭄ؐൟ᭄㒘VALUE
LABEL(1,1) = 'SIGX, (M','SIGY, (M'
LABEL(1,2) = 'Pa) ','Pa) '
*VFILL,VALUE(1,1),DATA,-91.22,-42.96
*VFILL,VALUE(1,2),DATA,STRSSX,STRSSY
*VFILL,VALUE(1,3),DATA,ABS(STRSSX/91.22) ,ABS(STRSSY/42.96)
/COM
/OUT,EX1_5, out ! ᇚ䕧ߎ‫ݙ‬ᆍ䞡ᅮ৥ࠄ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ᭛ӊ
/COM,------------------- EX1.5 RESULTS COMPARISON --------------
/COM,
/COM, | TARGET | ANSYS | RATIO
/COM,
*VWRITE,LABEL(1,1),LABEL(1,2),VALUE(1,1),VALUE(1,2),VALUE(1,3)

19
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

(1X,A8,A8,' ',F10.3,' ',F10.3,' ',1F5.3)

/COM,----------------------------------------------------------
/OUT ! 㒧ᴳ᭄᥂䞡ᅮ৥,݇䯁䕧ߎ᭛ӊ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
*LIST,EX1_5,out ! ߫㸼ᰒ⼎䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ᭛ӊⱘ‫ݙ‬ᆍ

4ˊ㒧ᵰߚᵤ

㒣䖛ҹϞ᳝䰤‫᥹ܗ‬㾺ߚᵤ ˈ⿟ᑣᕜᖿᬊᬯˈᕫࠄ3োऩ‫ܗ‬Ёⱘ∈ᑇ᳔໻⏽ᑺᑨ࡯Ў
³x=91.224MPaˈ᳔໻オ৥ᑨ࡯³y=42.957MPaˈϢࠡ䴶ⱘ⧚䆎䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰᅠܼਏড়DŽ

20
 ㄀1ゴ ㅔऩᢝय़ᴚ㒧ᵘ

せ』ᶰ⮳ᑞᰡ䬝䷇

2.1 ㄝ៾䴶ㅔऩ䍙䴭ᅮṕⱘᑇ䴶ᔃ᳆ߚᵤ

䭓ᑺa=0.6mⱘ䍙䴭ᅮṕˈᎺッ೎ᅮˈেッ䫄ᬃDŽ೼䎼Ёԡ㕂԰⫼᳝৥ϟⱘ䲚Ё࡯200 Nˈ
ᭈϾṕ䭓㣗ೈ‫ݙ‬᳝㒓ᗻߚᏗ㥋䕑ˈᎺッ㥋䕑䲚ᑺЎ0N/cmˈেッ㥋䕑䲚ᑺЎ600N/mDŽṕⱘ
޴ԩሎᇌ੠݊Ϟⱘ㥋䕑ঞ䖍⬠ᴵӊབ೒2.1᠔⼎ˈ䆩߽⫼ᑇ䴶ṕऩ‫ܗ‬BEAM3䅵ㅫ䆹ṕⱘবᔶ
੠‫࡯ݙ‬DŽ

200N 600N/m
y

0 3m 0 3m

೒2.1 ফ䲚Ё࡯੠㒓ᗻߚᏗ㥋䕑ⱘ䍙䴭ᅮṕ ೒2.2 ߦߚЎϸϾऩ‫ⱘܗ‬䍙䴭ᅮṕ῵ൟ

1ˊ⧚䆎㾷
䆒Ꮊッᬃᑻⱘড࡯‫ي‬Ў M1 ˄乎ᯊ䩜˅ˈড࡯Ў Q1 ˄৥Ϟ˅ˈ߭ӏᛣ៾䴶ԡ㕂໘ⱘᔃ
ⶽЎ˖
M(x)=M1 +Q1 xq0 x3 /(6a) (0İxİ0.3m)
݊Ёq0 ᰃ㥋䕑䲚ᑺˈ a ᰃṕⱘ䎼ᑺDŽ
ḍ᥂ṕᇍেッᬃᑻⱘ࡯ⶽᑇ㸵ˈᕫࠄ˖
2
›MB (F)=0ˈM1 Q1 aPa/2+q0 a /6=0
ৃҹᕫࠄᎺ䖍ᬃᑻⱘড࡯˖
Q1 =P/2+q0a2/6M1 /a
⬅ℸ⹂ᅮᎺ䖍ϔञⱘᔃⶽᮍ⿟Ў˖
3
M(x) =M1 +Px/2+q0 ax/6M1 x/aq0 x /(6a)
2 3 (0İxİ0.3m)
=M1 +(1x/a)+Px/2+q0 /(6a)×(a xx )
ে䖍ϔञⱘᔃⶽᮍ⿟Ў˖
2 3
M(x) =M1 (1x/a)+Px/2+q0 /(6a)×(a xx )P(xa/2)
2 3 (0İxİ0.6m)
=M1 (1x/a)+P(ax)/2+q0 /(6a)×(a xx )
ᭈϾṕⱘᑨব㛑Ў˖

21
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

( )
2
1 a/ 2
2 EI ∫0
U= M 1 (1 − x / a) + Px / 2 + q 0 /(6a ) × (a 2
x − x 3
) dx +
1 a
( M 1 (1 − x / a ) + P (a − x ) / 2 + q0 /(6a )× ( a2 x − x 3 ) ) dx
2

2EI ∫a / 2

ḍ᥂㛑䞣⊩ˈᑨব㛑݇Ѣ‫أⱘ࡯ݙ‬ᇐ᭄ㄝѢ䆹‫࡯ݙ‬ᇍᑨⱘԡ⿏ˈ᠔ҹˈ䆹ᑨব㛑݇Ѣ
Ꮊ䴶ᬃᑻড࡯‫أⱘي‬ᇐ᭄ㄝѢ䕀㾦DŽ⬅Ѣ䆹䕀㾦೎ᅮˈ᠔ҹ᳝˖
∂U
=0
∂M1
᠔ҹᕫࠄ∖㾷Ꮊ䖍ᬃᑻড࡯‫ⱘي‬ҷ᭄ᮍ⿟˖
∂U
=
∂ M 1 EI
1 a/2
∫0
( M 1 (1 − x / a ) + Px / 2 + q0 /(6a )× ( a 2 x − x 3 ) ) × (1 − x / a ) dx +

1 a
EI ∫a / 2
(M 1 (1 − x / a ) + P(a − x) / 2 + q0 /(6a )× (a2 x − x3 )) × (1 − x / a ) dx = 0
⬅ℸᮍ⿟ৃҹ㾷ߎ˖
M1 = −7/120 × q0 a2 − 3/16 × Pa
ҷ᭄ܹؐৢˈᕫࠄᎺ䖍ⱘᔃⶽǃ࠾࡯ߚ߿Ў˖
M1 = 35.1Ngm
Q1 =P/2+q0 a/6M1 /a=218.5N
ে䖍ᬃᑻⱘᬃড࡯Ў˖
Q2 =P+q0 a/2Q1 =200+600× 0.6/2218.5=161.5N
䲚Ё࡯԰⫼ԡ㕂໘ⱘᔃⶽؐЎ˖
M2 =Q2 a/2q0 a/4×a/3+q0/2×a/4×a/6
2
=Q2 a/2q0 a /12× 5/4
2
=161.5× 0.6/2600× 0.6 /12× 5/4=25.95Ngm

2ˊANSYSߚᵤ

佪‫ˈܜ‬Ўњㅔऩ䍋㾕ˈᇚ䆹䍙䴭ᅮṕߦߚњᕜᇥⱘ㒧⚍˄3Ͼ㒧⚍˅੠ऩ‫˄ܗ‬2Ͼऩ‫ˈ˅ܗ‬
ᴹ䇈ᯢṕ㋏㒧ᵘⱘ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬䅵ㅫ䖛⿟DŽ
བ೒2.2᠔⼎ᰃ߽⫼ϟ䴶ҷⷕЁⱘℹ偸(1)ࠄℹ偸(4)ᓎゟⱘ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟDŽ䖭䞠䆒㕂њ3Ͼ
㒧⚍ˈϸϾऩ‫ⱘܗ‬῵ൟˈᅠܼ೎ᅮᎺջ㒧⚍ˈেջ㒧⚍ϡ㛑೼䪙Ⳉᮍ৥⿏ࡼˈԚৃҹ䕀ࡼDŽ
ऩ‫ܗ‬Ϟ԰⫼᳝㒓ᗻߚᏗⱘ㥋䕑ˈ೼Ё䯈㒧⚍Ϟ᳝৥ϟⱘ䲚Ё࡯DŽϟ䴶㒭ߎⱘᰃ∖㾷䆹䯂乬
ⱘЏ㽕ℹ偸੠䇈ᯢDŽ
(1) ಁᄢٝё༪ົd
⫼䗔ߎ῵ഫੑҸĀFINISHā䗔ߎҹࠡ῵ഫˈ⫼⏙䰸‫ݙ‬ᄬ῵ൟ᭄᥂ੑҸĀ/CLEARā⏙
䰸Ꮖ᭄᳝᥂ˈ‫ޚ‬໛ᮄ῵ൟⱘᓎゟDŽ⫼Ā/FILNAME, EX2.1(1)ā䆒㕂Ꮉ⿟᭛ӊৡ⿄ˈ䆹ৡ⿄
Џ㽕⫼ѢᇍЁ䯈᭛ӊⱘੑৡDŽ⫼咬䅸ऩԡᅮНੑҸĀ/UNITS, CGSāᣛᅮ㋏㒳䞛⫼೑䰙ࠊ
ऩԡCGSDŽ⫼ᷛ乬ᅮНੑҸĀ/TITLE, EX2.1(1)ā䆒㕂ᷛ乬ˈ䆹ᷛ乬Џ㽕ߎ⦄೼೒ᔶにষⱘ
ᑩ䚼DŽ

22
 ㄀ゴṕⱘᔃ᳆䯂乬

೒2.3 ߽⫼ੑҸᶹⳟ㡖⚍੠ऩ‫ֵܗ‬ᙃ

(2) ၽ஍҉स੦ࣖᄯēՇ࿌ࠋԤd
⫼䖯ܹࠡ໘⧚῵ഫੑҸĀ/PREP7ā䖯ܹࠡ໘⧚῵ഫPREP7DŽ⫼㡖⚍ԡ㕂ᅮНੑҸĀN, 1,
0, 0ā೼തᷛॳ⚍(0,0)ᅮН㄀1ো㒧⚍ˈ⫼ĀN, 2, 0.30, 0ā೼തᷛ(0.30m,0)ᅮН2ো㒧⚍ˈ⫼
ĀN, 3, 0.60, 0ā೼തᷛ(0.60m,0)ᅮН3ো㒧⚍DŽ⫼㒬ࠊ㡖⚍ԡ㕂೒ੑҸĀNPLOTāᰒ⼎㡖⚍
ԡ㕂೒ᔶˈԚᰃϡᰒ⼎㒧⚍োⷕDŽ㗠ᏺখ᭄Ā1āⱘੑҸĀNPLOT, 1āᰒ⼎㡖⚍ԡ㕂೒ᔶ
ᯊ,೒ᔶЁᰒ⼎㒧⚍োⷕDŽ⫼߫㸼ᰒ⼎㡖⚍ֵᙃੑҸĀNLISTā߫ߎ㒧⚍೼Ⳉ㾦തᷛ㋏㒳ⱘ
തᷛؐDŽ⫼ᔧࠡതᷛ㋏ߛᤶੑҸĀDSYS, 1āᇚᔧࠡതᷛ㋏ߛᤶ㟇೚᷅തᷛ㋏DŽℸᯊĀNLISTā
೼೚᷅തᷛ㋏㒳ϟˈ߫ߎ㒧⚍䌘᭭DŽ䖭ѯ߫㸼ᰒ⼎ੑҸᠻ㸠ৢˈᕫࠄབ೒2.3᠔⼎ⱘ㒧ᵰˈ
े೒Ёⱘ㄀1Ͼにষ੠㄀2ϾにষDŽ
(3) ಁᄢӦ၍༪ົēՇ࿌Ӧ၍d
⫼ऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟᅮНੑҸĀET, 1, BEAM3āᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬Ўᑇ䴶ṕऩ‫ܗ‬BEAM3DŽ⫼ᴤ᭭
খ᭄ᅮНੑҸĀMP, EX, 1, 207E9āᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EX=207GPaˈ⫼ĀMP, NUXY,
1, 0.3āᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨NUXY˙0.3DŽ⫼ᅲᐌ᭄ᅮНੑҸĀR, 1, 0.001, 20833E7,
0.05āᅮНऩ‫ⱘܗ‬㄀1㉏ᅲᐌ᭄:䴶⿃0.1cm^2ǃᡫᔃᛃᗻⶽ20.833cm^4੠៾䴶催ᑺ5cmDŽ
⫼ऩ‫ܗ‬ᅮНੑҸĀE, 1, 2ā䖛㡖⚍1ǃ2ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬1ˈ⫼ĀE, 2, 3ā䖛㡖⚍2ǃ3ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬2DŽ
⫼೒ᔶᰒ⼎ऩ‫ܗ‬ੑҸĀEPLOTāᰒ⼎ऩ‫ܗ‬ᏗሔDŽ⫼ऩ‫ֵܗ‬ᙃ߫㸼ᰒ⼎ੑҸĀELISTā߫ߎ
ऩ‫ֵܗ‬ᙃ˄བ೒2.3ⱘ㄀3Ͼにষ˅DŽ
(4) ࠩదௐࠓ੦ࣖēՇ࿌ௐࠓ༪ົcสྭΨ࠘ඨߑۤ۠ၻēωௐࠓd
⫼䖯ܹ∖㾷῵ഫੑҸĀ/SOLUā䖯ܹ∖㾷῵ഫSOLUDŽ⫼ߚᵤ㉏ൟᅮНੑҸĀANTYPE,
STATICā⬇ᯢ∖㾷㉏ൟᰃ䴭࡯ߚᵤDŽ⫼䕧ߎ䗝乍ᅮНੑҸĀOUTPR, BASIC, ALLā೼䕧
ߎ㒧ᵰЁˈ߫ߎ᠔᳝㥋䕑ℹⱘ෎ᴀ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰDŽ
⫼ԡ⿏㑺ᴳᅮНੑҸĀD, 1, UX, 0, , , , , UY, ROTZāԡ⿏㑺ᴳ1ো㒧⚍᠔᳝㞾⬅ᑺUXǃ
UY੠ROTZˈ⫼ĀD, 3, UY, 0āԡ⿏㑺ᴳ3ো㒧⚍ⱘUY㞾⬅ᑺDŽ
⫼㸼䴶㥋䕑ᅮНੑҸĀSFBEAM, 1, 1, PRES, 0, 300āᅮН㄀1োऩ‫ܗ‬Ϟⱘ㒓ᗻߚᏗय़࡯

23
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

㥋䕑ˈ䍋ྟؐ0੠㒜ℶؐ300N/mDŽ⫼ĀSFBEAM, 2, 1, PRES, 300, 600āᅮН㄀2োऩ‫ܗ‬Ϟⱘ

㒓ᗻߚᏗ㥋䕑ˈ䍋ྟؐ300N/m੠㒜ℶؐ600N/mDŽ⫼࡯㥋䕑ᅮНੑҸĀF, 2, FY, 200āᅮН
԰⫼೼2ো㒧⚍Ϟⱘ⊓Yᮍ৥໻ᇣЎ1000ⱘ䲚Ё࡯DŽ㒣䖛ᓎゟ῵ൟˈᅮН䖍⬠ԡ⿏㑺ᴳ੠
ᮑࡴ㥋䕑ৢˈ῵ൟব៤བ೒2.2᠔⼎ⱘḋᄤDŽ೒Ё䰸њᷛ䆚ߎњ㡖⚍োⷕ໪ˈ䖬᳝ԡ⿏㑺ᴳˈ
ߚᏗ㥋䕑੠䲚Ё࡯ㄝᚙ‫މ‬DŽ⫼ĀSOLVEāੑҸᓔྟ䴭࡯ߚᵤ∖㾷DŽ
(5) ၽ‫҉܊‬स੦ࣖᄯē෍໹ມವέ໹ெࣣd
⫼䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫੑҸĀ/POST1ā䖯ܹৢ໘⧚῵ഫPOST1DŽ⫼೒ᔶᰒ⼎ԡ⿏ੑҸ
ĀPLDISP,2ā⫼೒ᔶᰒ⼎বᔶৢⱘ㒧ᵘ,Ā2ā㸼⼎⫼㰮㒓㸼⼎ߎॳ㒧ᵘDŽ⫼߫㸼ᰒ⼎㡖⚍ԡ
⿏ؐੑҸĀPRDISPā߫㸼ᰒ⼎㡖⚍ⱘԡ⿏䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰDŽ䇏㗙㞾Ꮕᠻ㸠䆹ੑҸˈᶹⳟϔϟবᔶ
ᚙ‫މ‬DŽ
(6) Շ࿌ྻ०ժ෵ࡧۤ߇ॏนઝఘԅӦ၍ζēωॹѻӦ၍ԅӦ၍ζ೴࡬d
ऩ‫ܗ‬㸼˄Element Table˅ᰃ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰৢ໘⧚ЁⱘϔϾ䴲ᐌ䞡㽕ⱘὖᗉDŽᇍѢṕऩ‫ˈܗ‬
ṕⱘ‫࡯ݙ‬੠ᑨ࡯䛑ϡᰃऩ‫ܗ‬㑻ⱘ෎ᴀ䕧ߎ㒧ᵰˈгህᰃ䇈ˈབᵰ䳔㽕䖭ѯ㒧ᵰⱘ䆱ˈᖙ乏
䗮䖛ऩ‫ܗ‬㸼ⱘᅮНৢˈҢऩ‫ܗ‬㸼Ёᠡ㛑ᦤপ䖭ѯ㒧ᵰDŽऩ‫ܗ‬㸼ⱘᅮНᣝ✻৘⾡ऩ‫ⱘܗ‬⡍ᗻ
ϡৠˈ݊ᅮНⱘ‫ݙ‬ᆍᅠܼϡৠˈ݇Ѣ↣㉏ऩ‫ৃܗ‬ҹՓ⫼ⱘ䕧ߎ㒧ᵰⱘ䆺㒚ᚙ‫ৃˈމ‬ҹখ㗗
ऩ‫ⱘܗ‬⡍ᗻ㸼ˈԚᰃऩ‫ܗ‬㸼ⱘৡ⿄ৃҹᰃӏᛣⱘDŽ
⫼ऩ‫ܗ‬㸼ᅮНੑҸĀETABLE,IMOMENT, SMISC, 6āҹऩ‫ܗ‬I⚍ᔃⶽЎ‫ݙ‬ᆍˈᅮНऩ
‫ܗ‬㸼IMOMENT˗⫼ĀETABLE,JMOMENT, SMISC, 12āҹ‫ܗ‬㋴J⚍ᔃⶽЎ‫ݙ‬ᆍˈᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬
㸼JMOMENT˗⫼ĀETABLE, ISHEAR, SMISC, 2āҹI⚍࠾࡯Ў‫ݙ‬ᆍˈᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬㸼ISHEAR˗
⫼ĀETABLE, JSHEAR, SMISC, 8āҹJ⚍࠾࡯Ў‫ݙ‬ᆍˈᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬㸼JSHEARDŽ⫼߫㸼ᰒ⼎ऩ
‫ܗ‬㸼᭄᥂‫ݙ‬ᆍⱘੑҸĀPRETABāᰒ⼎ऩ‫ܗ‬㸼Ёऩ‫ⱘܗ‬䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰDŽ
(7) ဈӦ၍ζ೴࡬‫ݛ‬ᄥ߇ॏ෍d
⫼ᷛ乬ੑҸĀ/TITLEāᅮН࠾࡯೒にষᷛ乬ˈ⫼᳆㒓㒬೒ੑҸ ĀPLLS, ISHEAR,
JSHEARā㒬ࠊ㒧ᵘ࠾࡯ߚᏗ೒˄བ೒2.4᠔⼎˅DŽ

೒2.4 ⫼᳝䰤‫ܗ‬䅵ㅫⱘ䍙䴭ᅮṕⱘ࠾࡯೒

24
 ㄀ゴṕⱘᔃ᳆䯂乬

(8) ဈӦ၍ζ೴࡬‫ݛ‬ᄥ෵ࡧ෍d
೼⫼ᷛ乬ੑҸĀ/TITLEāᅮНᅠᔃⶽ೒にষᷛ乬ৢˈ⫼᳆㒓㒬೒ੑҸĀPLLS, IMOMENT,
JMOMENTā㒬ࠊњ㒧ᵘⱘᔃⶽߚᏗ೒˄བ೒2.5᠔⼎˅DŽ

೒2.5 ⫼᳝䰤‫ܗ‬䅵ㅫⱘ䍙䴭ᅮṕⱘᔃⶽ೒

3ˊANSYS⿟ᑣ
! (1) 䆒㕂Ꮉ⿟䗝乍
FINISH ! 䗔ߎҹࠡ῵ഫ
/CLEAR ! ⏙䰸Ꮖ᭄᳝᥂
/FILNAME, EX2.1(1) ! 䆒㕂᭛ӊৡ⿄
/UNITS, CGS ! ऩԡ䞛⫼೑䰙ࠊऩԡCGS
/TITLE, EX2.1(1), 3 NODES SIMULATION OF OVER-DETERMINED BEAM ! 䆒㕂ᷛ乬
! (2) ೼ࠡ໘⧚῵ഫЁˈᅮН㡖⚍
/PREP7 ! 䖯ܹࠡ໘⧚῵ഫPREP7
N, 1, 0, 0 ! ೼തᷛॳ⚍(0,0)ᅮН1ো㒧⚍
N, 2, 0.30, 0 ! ೼തᷛ (0.30m,0)ᅮН2ো㒧⚍
N, 3, 0.60, 0 ! ೼തᷛ (0.60m,0)ᅮН3ো㒧⚍
NPLOT ! ᰒ⼎㡖⚍ԡ㕂೒ᔶ,Ԛᰃϡᰒ⼎㒧⚍োⷕ
NPLOT, 1 ! ᰒ⼎㡖⚍ԡ㕂೒ᔶ,೒ᔶЁᰒ⼎㒧⚍োⷕ
NLIST ! ߫ߎ㒧⚍೼Ⳉ㾦തᷛ㋏㒳ⱘതᷛؐ
DSYS, 1 ! ߫ߎ䌘᭭ᯊ,䕀ᤶ㟇೚᷅തᷛ
NLIST ! ೼೚᷅തᷛ㋏㒳ϟ,߫ߎ㒧⚍䌘᭭
! (3) 䆒㕂ऩ‫ܗ‬䗝乍ˈᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬
ET, 1, BEAM3 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬Ўᑇ䴶ṕऩ‫ܗ‬BEAM3
MP, EX, 1, 207E9 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EX=207GPa
MP, NUXY, 1, 0.3 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨NUXY˙0.3
R, 1, 0.001, 0.020833, 0.05 ! ᅮНऩ‫ⱘܗ‬㄀1㉏ᅲᐌ᭄:䴶⿃0.1cm^2ǃᡫᔃᛃᗻⶽ੠៾䴶

25
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

催ᑺ
E, 1, 2 ! 䖛㡖⚍1ǃ2ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬
E, 2, 3 ! 䖛㡖⚍2ǃ3ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬
EPLOT ! ⫼೒ᔶᰒ⼎ऩ‫ܗ‬Ꮧሔ
ELIST ! ߫ߎऩ‫ֵܗ‬ᙃ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎࠡ໘⧚῵ഫ
! (4) 䖯ܹ∖㾷῵ഫˈᅮН∖㾷䗝乍ǃԡ⿏䖍⬠ᴵӊ੠㥋䕑ˈᑊ∖㾷
/SOLU ! 䖯ܹ∖㾷῵ഫSOLU
ANTYPE, STATIC ! ⬇ᯢ∖㾷㉏ൟᰃ䴭࡯ߚᵤ
OUTPR, BASIC, ALL ! ೼䕧ߎ㒧ᵰЁ,߫ߎऩ‫ⱘܗ‬᠔᳝㒧ᵰ
D, 1, UX, 0, , , , , UY, ROTZ ! ԡ⿏㑺ᴳ1ো㒧⚍᠔᳝㞾⬅ᑺUXǃUY੠ROTZ
D, 3, UY, 0 ! ԡ⿏㑺ᴳ3ো㒧⚍ⱘUY㞾⬅ᑺ
SFBEAM, 1, 1, PRES, 0, 300 ! ᅮН㄀1োऩ‫ܗ‬Ϟⱘ㒓ᗻߚᏗ㥋䕑ǃ䍋ྟؐ੠㒜ℶؐ
SFBEAM, 2, 1, PRES, 300, 600 ! ᅮН㄀2োऩ‫ܗ‬Ϟⱘ㒓ᗻߚᏗ㥋䕑ǃ䍋ྟؐ੠㒜ℶؐ
F, 2, FY, -200 ! ᅮН೼2ো㒧⚍Ϟⱘ⊓-Yᮍ৥໻ᇣЎ1000ⱘ䲚Ё࡯
SOLVE ! ᓔྟ䴭࡯ߚᵤ∖㾷
FINISH ! 䗔ߎ∖㾷῵ഫ
! (5) ೼ৢ໘⧚῵ഫЁˈ೒ᔶᰒ⼎বᔶᚙ‫މ‬
/POST1 ! 䖯ܹৢ໘⧚῵ഫPOST1
PLDISP,2 ! ⫼೒ᔶᰒ⼎বᔶৢⱘ㒧ᵘ,Ā2ā㸼⼎⫼㰮㒓㸼⼎ߎॳ㒧ᵘ
PRDISP ! ߫㸼ᰒ⼎㡖⚍ⱘԡ⿏䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
! (6) ᅮНҹϸッᔃⶽ੠࠾࡯Ў‫ݙ‬ᆍⱘऩ‫ܗ‬㸼ˈᑊ߫ߎऩ‫ⱘܗ‬ऩ‫ܗ‬㸼᭄᥂
ETABLE,IMOMENT, SMISC, 6 ! ҹऩ‫ܗ‬I⚍ᔃⶽЎ‫ݙ‬ᆍ,ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬㸼
ETABLE,JMOMENT, SMISC, 12 ! ᓎゟ‫ܗ‬㋴㒧ᵰ㸼, ҹ‫ܗ‬㋴J⚍ᔃⶽЎ‫ݙ‬ᆍ
ETABLE, ISHEAR, SMISC, 2 ! ᓎゟ‫ܗ‬㋴㒧ᵰ㸼, ҹ‫ܗ‬㋴I⚍࠾࡯Ў‫ݙ‬ᆍ
ETABLE, JSHEAR, SMISC, 8 ! ᓎゟ‫ܗ‬㋴㒧ᵰ㸼, ҹ‫ܗ‬㋴J⚍࠾࡯Ў‫ݙ‬ᆍ
PRETAB ! ߫㸼ᰒ⼎ऩ‫ܗ‬㸼Ёऩ‫ⱘܗ‬䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
! (7) ⫼ऩ‫ܗ‬㸼᭄᥂㒬ࠊ࠾࡯೒
/TITLE, SHEAR FORCE DIAGRAM ! ᅮН࠾࡯೒にষᷛ乬
PLLS, ISHEAR, JSHEAR ! 㒧ᵘ࠾࡯ߚᏗ೒
! (8) ⫼ऩ‫ܗ‬㸼᭄᥂㒬ࠊᔃⶽ೒
/TITLE, BENDING MOMENT DIAGRAM ! ᅮНᔃⶽ೒にষᷛ乬
PLLS, IMOMENT, JMOMENT ! 㒧ᵘᔃⶽߚᏗ೒
FINISH ! 䗔ߎৢ໘⧚῵ഫPOST1

4ˊ㒧ᵰ䅼䆎

㒣䖛㄀˄4˅ℹ偸ⱘ∖㾷䅵ㅫˈ೼㄀˄5˅ℹⱘϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫЁˈᰒ⼎њ㒧ᵘবᔶ೒ˈ
ᑊ߫㸼ᰒ⼎њ㡖⚍ԡ⿏䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰDŽ೼㄀˄6˅ℹ߽⫼ऩ‫ܗ‬㸼ᅮНᡔᴃˈᅮНњҹϸッᔃⶽ੠
࠾࡯Ў‫ݙ‬ᆍⱘऩ‫ܗ‬㸼DŽ⫼߫㸼ᰒ⼎ऩ‫ܗ‬㸼‫ݙ‬ᆍⱘᮍᓣ㒭ߎ৘Ͼऩ‫ܗ‬ϸッⱘᔃⶽ੠࠾࡯DŽ೼
㄀˄7˅ℹˈ߽⫼ऩ‫ܗ‬Ϟⱘ⬏Ⳉ㒓ᮍ⊩㒬ࠊњṕⱘ࠾࡯೒˄བ೒2.4᠔⼎˅DŽ೼㄀˄8˅ℹˈ
㒬ࠊњṕⱘᔃⶽ೒˄བ೒2.5᠔⼎˅DŽ
Ң೒2.3ⱘ࠾࡯೒ЁৃҹⳟߎˈᎺջᬃᑻ໘ⱘ࠾࡯ؐϢ⧚䆎䅵ㅫؐ218.5Nᅠܼਏড়ˈে
䖍ᬃᑻ໘ⱘ࠾࡯ؐгϢ⧚䆎ؐ161.5Nᅠܼϔ㟈DŽҢ೒2.4ⱘᔃⶽ೒ЁৃҹⳟߎˈᎺ䖍ᬃᑻⱘ

26
 ㄀ゴṕⱘᔃ᳆䯂乬

ᔃⶽㄝѢ⧚䆎䅵ㅫؐ35.1Nmˈ䲚Ё࡯ԡ㕂໘ⱘᔃⶽϢ⧚䆎ؐ25.95Nmгᅠܼϔ㟈DŽ
㱑✊䖭䞠݇䬂⚍Ϟⱘؐᰃᅠܼℷ⹂ⱘˈԚᰃ៥Ӏⶹ䘧ˈ㒓ᔶߚᏗ㥋䕑԰⫼ϟⱘ࠾࡯೒
ᑨ䆹ᰃѠ⃵ߑ᭄ˈ㗠ϡᑨ䆹ᰃ೒2.3᠔ᰒ⼎ⱘⳈ㒓↉DŽৠᯊᔃⶽ೒гᑨ䆹ᰃϝ⃵᳆㒓ˈ㗠ϡ
ᑨ䆹ᰃ೒2.4᠔ᰒ⼎ⱘⳈ㒓↉ˈ᠔ҹˈ䖭ϸϾ‫࡯ݙ‬೒ⱘব࣪䍟࢓ᰃ᳝䯂乬ⱘDŽ
ϟ䴶៥Ӏ䞛প᳈໮ⱘ㡖⚍ߦߚᮍḜˈ䞡ᮄ䅵ㅫবᔶ੠‫࡯ݙⳟⳟˈ࡯ݙ‬೒᳝ાѯব࣪DŽ
೒2.6᠔⼎ህᰃ䆒㕂䕗໮ⱘ11Ͼ㒧⚍੠10Ͼऩ‫ⱘৢܗ‬῵ൟ೒ˈ䕗໮ⱘऩ‫ܗ‬ᔧ✊䳔㽕䕗໮
ⱘੑҸᴹᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬Ϟ䴶ⱘߚᏗ㥋䕑ˈ೒2.7᠔⼎ህᰃ㥋䕑੠ԡ⿏䖍⬠ᴵӊᮑࡴৢⱘᚙ‫މ‬DŽ

೒2.6 ⫼䕗໮ⱘ㡖⚍੠ऩ‫ܗ‬㸼⼎ⱘ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟ ೒2.7 ԰⫼ⱘ῵ൟϞⱘ㒓ᔶߚᏗ㥋䕑੠䲚Ё࡯

๲ࡴ㒧⚍੠ऩ‫ˈৢܗ‬䅵ㅫ໘ⱘ࠾࡯೒বЎ೒2.8ˈᔃⶽ೒বЎ೒2.9DŽ

೒2.8 ⫼䕗໮ⱘऩ‫ܗ‬䅵ㅫⱘ࠾࡯೒ ೒2.9 ⫼䕗໮ⱘऩ‫ܗ‬䅵ㅫⱘ࠾࡯೒

Ң‫࡯ݙ‬೒ⱘ↨䕗ৃҹⳟߎˈϡৠऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬ᇍ‫࡯ݙ‬೒ⱘᔶ⢊᳝ᯢᰒᕅડDŽ᠔ҹ೼߽⫼Ⳉ
㒓䖲᥹㒬ࠊ‫࡯ݙ‬೒ᯊˈ䳔㽕↨䕗໮ⱘ㡖⚍੠ऩ‫ܗ‬ᠡৃҹᕫߎ↨䕗‫࡯ݙⱘ⹂ޚ‬೒DŽ

5ˊ๲ࡴ㡖⚍ৢⱘANSYS⿟ᑣ
! (1) 䆒㕂Ꮉ⿟䗝乍
FINISH ! 䗔ߎҹࠡ῵ഫ

27
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

/CLEAR ! ⏙䰸Ꮖ᳝῵ൟ᭄᥂
/FILNAME, EX2.1(2) ! ফ㒓ᔶব࣪㥋䕑԰⫼ⱘϸ䎼䍙䴭ᅮṕ
/UNITS, CGS ! ऩԡ䞛⫼೑䰙ࠊऩԡCGS
/TITLE, EX2.1(2).txt, SIMULATION OF OVER-DETERMINED BEAM WITH MORE NODES
/PREP7 ! 䖯ܹࠡ໘⧚῵ഫPREP7
N, 1, 0, 0 ! ೼തᷛॳ⚍(0,0,0)ᅮН1ো㒧⚍
N, 2, 0.06, 0 $ N, 3, 0.12, 0 $ N, 4, 0.18, 0
N, 5, 0.24, 0 $ N, 6, 0.30, 0 $ N, 7, 0.36, 0
N, 8, 0.42, 0 $ N, 9, 0.48, 0 $ N, 10, 0.54, 0
N, 11, 0.60, 0 ! ೼തᷛ (0.60m,0)ᅮН3ো㒧⚍
NPLOT ! ᰒ⼎㡖⚍ԡ㕂೒ᔶ,Ԛᰃϡᰒ⼎㒧⚍োⷕ
NPLOT, 1 ! ᰒ⼎㡖⚍ԡ㕂೒ᔶ,೒ᔶЁᰒ⼎㒧⚍োⷕ
NLIST ! ߫ߎ㒧⚍೼Ⳉ㾦തᷛ㋏㒳ⱘതᷛؐ
DSYS, 1 ! ߫ߎ䌘᭭ᯊ,䕀ᤶ㟇೚᷅തᷛ
NLIST ! ೼೚᷅തᷛ㋏㒳ϟ,߫ߎ㒧⚍䌘᭭
ET, 1, BEAM3 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬Ўᑇ䴶ṕऩ‫ܗ‬BEAM3
MP, EX, 1, 207e9 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EX=207Gpa
MP, NUXY, 1, 0.3 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨NUXY˙0.3
R, 1, 0.001, 0.020833, 0.05 ! ᅮНऩ‫ⱘܗ‬㄀1㉏ᅲᐌ᭄:䴶⿃0.1cm^2ǃᡫᔃᛃᗻⶽ੠៾䴶催ᑺ
E, 1, 2 ! ᅮН৘Ͼऩ‫ܗ‬ϸッ㒧⚍ⱘ䖲᥹݇㋏
E, 2, 3 $ E, 3, 4 $ E, 4, 5 $ E, 5, 6
E, 6, 7 $ E, 7, 8 $ E, 8, 9 $ E, 9,10
E, 10, 11
EPLOT ! ⫼೒ᔶᰒ⼎ऩ‫ܗ‬
ELIST ! ߫ߎऩ‫ֵܗ‬ᙃ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎࠡ໘⧚῵ഫ
/SOLU ! 䖯ܹ∖㾷῵ഫSOLU
ANTYPE, STATIC ! ⬇ᯢ∖㾷㉏ൟᰃ䴭࡯ߚᵤ
OUTPR, BASIC, ALL ! ೼䕧ߎ㒧ᵰЁˈ߫ߎऩ‫ⱘܗ‬᠔᳝㒧ᵰ
D, 1, UX, 0, , , , , UY, ROTZ ! ᅮН೼1ো㒧⚍㑺ᴳ᠔᳝㞾⬅ᑺUXǃUY੠ROTZ
D, 11, UY, 0 ! 㑺ᴳ11ো㒧⚍ⱘUY㞾⬅ᑺ
SFBEAM, 1, 1, PRES, 0, 60 ! ᅮН৘Ͼऩ‫ܗ‬Ϟⱘ㒓ᗻߚᏗ㥋䕑ˈ䍋ྟؐ੠㒜ℶؐ
SFBEAM, 2, 1, PRES, 60, 120 $ SFBEAM, 3, 1, PRES, 120, 180
SFBEAM, 4, 1, PRES, 180, 240 $ SFBEAM, 5, 1, PRES, 240, 300
SFBEAM, 6, 1, PRES, 300, 360 $ SFBEAM, 7, 1, PRES, 360, 420
SFBEAM, 8, 1, PRES, 420, 480 $ SFBEAM, 9, 1, PRES, 480, 540
SFBEAM, 10, 1, PRES, 540, 600
F, 6, FY, -200 ! ᅮН೼2ো㒧⚍Ϟⱘ⊓-Yᮍ৥໻ᇣЎ1000ⱘ䲚Ё࡯
SOLVE ! ᓔྟ∖㾷
FINISH ! 䗔ߎ∖㾷῵ഫ
/POST1 ! 䖯ܹৢ໘⧚῵ഫPOST1
PRDISP ! ᰒ⼎㡖⚍ⱘԡ⿏䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ᭄᥂
ETABLE,IMOMENT, SMISC, 6 ! ᓎゟ‫ܗ‬㋴㒧ᵰ㸼ˈ‫ܗ‬㋴I⚍࡯ⶽ
ETABLE,JMOMENT, SMISC, 12 ! ᓎゟ‫ܗ‬㋴㒧ᵰ㸼ˈ‫ܗ‬㋴J⚍࡯ⶽ

28
 ㄀ゴṕⱘᔃ᳆䯂乬

ETABLE, ISHEAR, SMISC, 2 ! ᓎゟ‫ܗ‬㋴㒧ᵰ㸼ˈ‫ܗ‬㋴I⚍࠾࡯

ETABLE, JSHEAR, SMISC, 8 ! ᓎゟ‫ܗ‬㋴㒧ᵰ㸼ˈ‫ܗ‬㋴J⚍࠾࡯
PRETAB ! ᰒ⼎ऩ‫ܗ‬㸼Ё᭄᥂乍ⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
/TITLE, SHEAR FORCE DIAGRAM ! ᅮН೒ᔶにষᷛ乬
PLLS, ISHEAR, JSHEAR ! 㒧ᵘ࠾࡯ߚᏗ೒
/TITLE, BENDING MOMENT DIAGRAM ! ᅮН೒ᔶにষᷛ乬
PLLS, IMOMENT, JMOMENT ! 㒧ᵘᔃⶽߚᏗ೒
FINISH ! 䗔ߎৢ໘⧚῵ഫPOST1

2.2 Ꮉᄫᔶ៾䴶໪Ԍṕⱘᑇ䴶ᔃ᳆

䎼ᑺl=2mⱘ30োᎹᄫᔶ៾䴶ⱘ໪Ԍṕˈᣥߎ↉䭓ᑺЎa=1mˈ೼ᣥߎ↉ফࠄ䲚ᑺㄝѢ
w=5000N/mⱘഛᏗ㥋䕑԰⫼˄བ೒2.10᠔⼎˅DŽᎹᄫᔶ៾䴶催ᑺh=20cmǃ៾䴶⿃A=35cm2 ǃ
ᡫᔃᛃᗻⶽIz =4500cm/ᔍᗻ῵䞣E=210GPADŽ䆩⫼Ѡ㓈ṕऩ‫ܗ‬BEAM3⹂ᅮ䎼Ё᳔໻ⱘᔃ᳆
ᑨ࡯੠᳔໻ᣴᑺDŽ

w =5000N/m w =5000N/m

z
h = 20cm

l =2m
a =1m a =1m

೒2.10 Ꮉᄫൟ៾䴶໪Ԍṕⱘবᔶ੠ᑨ࡯䅵ㅫ῵ൟ

೒2.11 Ꮉᄫൟ៾䴶໪Ԍṕⱘ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟ

1ˊ⧚䆎㾷

Ң᭛⤂[3]㄀98义Ϟ݀ᓣ4ৃⶹˈ䆹໪Ԍṕ᳝ϔϾߎ⦄೼ᬃᑻԡ㕂໘ⱘ᳔໻䋳ᔃⶽˈ݊
ؐЎ˖
5000 × 1
2
1
Mmax= wa 2 = =2500Ngm
2 2
ߎ⦄೼䆹៾䴶ⱘϟ䖍㓬ⱘ᳔໻ᑨ࡯ؐЎ˖

29
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

M max h −2500 × 0.2

³max= = = 5.556MPa
2I z 2 × 4500 ×10 −8
᳔໻ᣴᑺߎ⦄೼䎼Ёԡ㕂DŽফᬃᑻԡ㕂໘ⱘ䲚Ё࡯‫ي‬԰⫼ⱘㅔᬃṕⱘᣴᑺᮍ⿟Ў˖
M0
y (x ) = (3lx 2 − x 3 − 2l 2x )
6 EIl
ϔϾ䲚Ё࡯‫ي‬೼䎼Ёԡ㕂ᓩ䍋ⱘᣴᑺЎ˖
M0 l2 l3 2 l M 0l2
y (l / 2) = (3l − − 2l ) =
6 EIl 4 8 2 16 EI
Ϟ䴶ⱘ໪ԌṕˈⳌᔧѢফࠄњ䲚Ё࡯‫ي‬԰⫼ⱘㅔᬃṕˈ᠔ҹ䎼Ёⱘᣴᑺ݊ؐЎ˖
M max 2500 × 2 2
ymax= = =0.1323mm
8EI z 8 × 210 ×10 9 × 4500 ×10 −8

2ˊANSYSߚᵤ

⬅Ѣ῵ൟ೼ᬃᑻ੠䎼Ёԡ㕂ৃ㛑ߎ⦄᳔໻ᣴᑺ੠‫ˈ࡯ݙ‬᠔ҹ೼䖭ѯԡ㕂໘䆒㕂㡖⚍˄བ
೒2.11᠔⼎˅ˈᘏ᳝݅5Ͼ㡖⚍ˈ4Ͼऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ೼2ো㡖⚍੠4ো㡖⚍໘ᮑࡴԡ⿏㑺ᴳˈ೼1োऩ
‫ܗ‬੠4োऩ‫ܗ‬Ϟ᳝ഛࣔߚᏗⱘय़࡯㥋䕑DŽ䗮䖛ϟ䴶ℹ偸ᅠ៤ᇍ䆹䯂乬ⱘߚᵤ˖
(1) Շ࿌ௐࠓफ໸cಬШ೴ۤϫॸϵ೴d
⫼ߚᵤ㉏ൟᅮНੑҸĀANTYPE,STATICāᅮНߚᵤ㉏ൟЎ䴭࡯ߚᵤ˗⫼ऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟᅮ
НੑҸĀET,1,BEAM3āᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬ЎѠ㓈ᔍᗻṕऩ‫ܗ‬BEAM3˗ᑊ⫼ऩ‫ܗ‬䗝乍䆒㕂ੑҸ
ĀKEYOPT,1,9,9ā䆒㕂೼9ϾЁ⚍ԡ㕂Ϟ䕧ߎ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰDŽ
⫼ᅲᐌ᭄ᅮНੑҸĀR,1,35e4,4.5E5,0.20āᅮН㄀1㉏ᅲᐌ᭄˖៾䴶⿃35cm^2ǃᛃᗻ
ⶽ4500cm^4੠催ᑺ20cmDŽ
⫼ᴤ᭭খ᭄ᅮНੑҸĀMP,EX,1,210E9āᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EX˙210GP˗⫼
ĀMP,PRXY,1,0.3āᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨PRXY = 0.3DŽ
(2) Շ࿌ࠋԤสᄢd
⫼㡖⚍ԡ㕂ᅮНੑҸĀN,1ā೼തᷛॳ⚍˄0,0˅ᅮН㄀1Ͼ㡖⚍ˈ⫼ĀN,5,4ā೼˄4,0˅
ԡ㕂ᅮН㄀5Ͼ㡖⚍DŽ⫼㡖⚍฿‫⫳ܙ‬៤ੑҸĀFILLā⫳៤Ё䯈3Ͼ㡖⚍DŽ
(3) Շ࿌Ӧ၍ॕࠄ‫ڑ‬ຂd
⫼ऩ‫ܗ‬ᅮНੑҸĀE,1,2ā䖛1ˈ2㡖⚍ᅮН㄀1Ͼऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ⫼ऩ‫⫳ܗ‬៤ੑҸĀEGEN,4,1,1ā
ᣝ✻ࠡ䴶ⱘऩ‫ܗ‬῵ᓣˈ⫳៤4⃵ˈ↣⃵ϸッ㡖⚍㓪োࡴ1ˈ⫳៤݊ԭ3Ͼऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ
(4) Շ࿌สྭၟ೯ۤ۠ၻඨߑd
⫼ԡ⿏㑺ᴳᅮНੑҸĀD,2,UX,,,,,UYāᅮН2ো㡖⚍ⱘԡ⿏䖍⬠ᴵӊˈUX=0ˈUY=0DŽ
⫼ĀD,4,UYāᅮН4ো㡖⚍ⱘԡ⿏䖍⬠ᴵӊˈUY=0DŽ
⫼ 㸼 䴶 㥋 䕑 ᅮ Н ੑ Ҹ Ā SFBEAM,1,1,PRES,5000 ā ᅮ Н ㄀ 1 Ͼ ऩ ‫ ⱘ ܗ‬㸼 䴶 㥋 䕑 Ў
5000N/mDŽ⫼ĀSFBEAM,4,1,PRES,5000āᅮН㄀4Ͼऩ‫ⱘܗ‬㸼䴶㥋䕑Ў5000N/mDŽ㒣䖛ҹϞ
ℹ偸ˈᓎゟњབ೒2.12᠔⼎ⱘ῵ൟDŽ

30
 ㄀ゴṕⱘᔃ᳆䯂乬

೒2.12 ߽⫼㡖⚍੠ऩ‫᥹Ⳉܗ‬ᓎ῵⫳៤ⱘᎹᄫൟ៾䴶໪Ԍṕ῵ൟ

(5) ࠩదௐࠓ੦ࣖēՇ࿌ௐࠓ༪ົωௐࠓd
⫼Ā/SOLUāࡴ䕑∖㾷῵ഫDŽ⫼䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ䕧ߎ䆒㕂ੑҸĀOUTPR,BASIC,1āা䕧ߎ㄀1
Ͼ㥋䕑ℹⱘ෎ᴀ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰDŽ⫼ĀSOLVEāᓔྟ䴭࡯ߚᵤⱘ∖㾷DŽ
(6) ࠩద‫҉܊‬स੦ࣖēॹζມವࠋԤสྭ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ۤڴ‬෍໹ມವέ໹෍d
⫼Ā/POST1ā䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫDŽ⫼㥋䕑ℹ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ䗝ᢽੑҸĀSET,1,1ā䇏ܹ㄀1
Ͼ㥋䕑ℹ㄀1ᄤℹⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰDŽ⫼㒧ᵰ߫㸼ᰒ⼎ੑҸĀPRNSOL,U,COMPāᰒ⼎㡖⚍㒓ԡ⿏
੠㡖⚍㒓ԡ⿏ⱘⶶ䞣੠ˈᰒ⼎㒧ᵰབ೒2.13᠔⼎DŽ

೒2.13 Ꮉᄫൟ៾䴶໪Ԍṕⱘ㡖⚍ԡ⿏䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ

⫼ĀPRNSOL,ROT,COMPā߫㸼ᰒ⼎㡖⚍䕀㾦੠㡖⚍㾦ԡ⿏ⱘⶶ䞣੠ˈᰒ⼎㒧ᵰབ೒
2.14᠔⼎DŽ

31
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

೒2.14 Ꮉᄫൟ៾䴶໪Ԍṕⱘ㡖⚍䕀㾦䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ

⫼೒ᔶᰒ⼎ੑҸĀPLDISP,1āᏺॳᴹ῵ൟ೒ˈᰒ⼎বᔶৢⱘ῵ൟ˄བ೒2.15᠔⼎˅DŽ

೒2.15 Ꮉᄫൟ៾䴶໪Ԍṕⱘবᔶ೒

(7) ඔ௜ᄗՇสᄢԅࠋԤۤӦ၍ēՇ࿌Ӧ၍ζω‫ݦ‬௜෵ௗ࿫ॏd
ੑҸĀMID_NODE=NODE(2,,,)ā䗝ᢽ䎱⾏ԡ㕂˄2,0,0˅᳔䖥ⱘ㡖⚍ˈੑৡЎMID_NODEDŽ
⫼䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰᦤপੑҸĀ*GET,DISP,NODE,MID_NODE,U,Yā㦋পৡ⿄ЎMID_NODEⱘ㡖⚍
ⱘオ৥ԡ⿏UYDŽੑҸĀMID_ELM = ENEARN (MID_NODE)ā䗝ᢽ䎱⾏MID_NODE㡖⚍᳔
䖥ⱘऩ‫ˈܗ‬ੑৡЎMID_ELMDŽ
⫼ऩ‫ܗ‬㸼ᅮНੑҸĀETABLE,STRS,LS,3āҹLS,3˄Yϔջⱘᔃ᳆ᑨ࡯SBYB˅Ў‫ݙ‬ᆍ
ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬㸼STRSDŽ⫼䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰᦤপੑҸĀ*GET,STRSS,ELEM,MID_ELM,ETAB,STRSāҢ
ऩ‫ܗ‬㸼STRSЁᦤপऩ‫ܗ‬MID_ELMⱘᑨ࡯ˈᄬܹব䞣STRSSDŽᦤপ໘ⱘ䖭ѯ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰৃҹ
䗮䖛GUI⬠䴶ϞⱘĀUtility Menu -> Parameters -> Scale Parameters …āᠧᓔব䞣ᅮНᰒ⼎に
ষˈⳟࠄᰒ⼎䖭ѯব䞣ⱘؐⱘにষ˄བ೒2.16᠔⼎˅DŽ

32
 ㄀ゴṕⱘᔃ᳆䯂乬

೒2.16 ᳔໻ԡ⿏੠᳔໻ᑨ࡯ঞ݊᠔೼ऩ‫ܗ‬

(8) ߜ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ڴ‬ໟదӾำ·ำߑd

3ˊANSYS⿟ᑣ

Finish
/CLEAR, NOSTART ! ⏙䰸᭄᥂ˈϡࡴ䕑߱ྟ࣪᭛ӊ
/FileName, EX2.2 ! ᅮН᭛ӊৡ⿄
/PREP7 ! ࡴ䕑ࠡ໘⧚῵ഫ
/TITLE, EX2.2, BEAM STRESSES AND DEFLECTIONS ! 䆒㕂ᷛ乬
C*** STR. OF MATL., TIMOSHENKO, PART 1, 3RD ED., PAGE 98, PROB. 4
! (1) ᅮН∖㾷㉏ൟˈᅲᐌ᭄੠ᴤ᭭খ᭄
ANTYPE,STATIC ! ᅮНߚᵤ㉏ൟЎ䴭࡯ߚᵤ
ET,1,BEAM3 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬ЎѠ㓈ᔍᗻṕऩ‫ܗ‬BEAM3
KEYOPT,1,9,9 ! ೼9ϾЁ⚍ԡ㕂Ϟ䕧ߎ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
R,1,35e-4,4.5E-5,0.20 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᅲᐌ᭄ǃ៾䴶⿃35cm^2ǃᛃᗻⶽ4500cm^4੠催ᑺ
20cm
MP,EX,1,210E9 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EX˙210Gpa
MP,PRXY,1,0.3 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨PRXY=0.3
! (2) ᅮН㡖⚍ԡ㕂
N,1 ! ೼തᷛॳ⚍(0ˈ0)ᅮН㄀1Ͼ㡖⚍
N,5,4 ! ೼(4mˈ0)ԡ㕂ᅮН㄀5Ͼ㡖⚍
FILL ! ߽⫼㡖⚍฿‫ܙ‬FILL⫳៤Ё䯈3Ͼ㡖⚍
! (3) ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬䖲᥹݇㋏
E,1,2 ! 䖛1ˈ2㡖⚍ᅮН㄀1Ͼऩ‫ܗ‬
EGEN,4,1,1 ! ᣝ✻ࠡ䴶ⱘऩ‫ܗ‬῵ᓣˈ⫳៤4⃵ˈ↣⃵ϸッ㡖⚍㓪োࡴ1ˈ⫳៤݊ԭ3Ͼऩ‫ܗ‬
! (4) ᅮНԡ⿏㑺ᴳ੠㥋䕑ᴵӊ
D,2,UX,,,,,UY ! ᅮН2ো㡖⚍ⱘԡ⿏䖍⬠ᴵӊˈUX=0,UY=0
D,4,UY ! ᅮН4ো㡖⚍ⱘԡ⿏䖍⬠ᴵӊˈUY=0

33
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

SFBEAM,1,1,PRES,5000 ! ᅮН㄀1Ͼऩ‫ⱘܗ‬㸼䴶㥋䕑5000N/m
SFBEAM,4,1,PRES,5000 ! ᅮН㄀4Ͼऩ‫ⱘܗ‬㸼䴶㥋䕑5000N/m
FINISH ! 䗔ߎࠡ໘⧚῵ഫPREP7
! (5) 䖯ܹ∖㾷῵ഫˈᅮН∖㾷䗝乍ᑊ∖㾷
/SOLU ! ࡴ䕑∖㾷῵ഫ
OUTPR,BASIC,1 ! া䕧ߎ㄀1Ͼ㥋䕑ℹⱘ෎ᴀ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
SOLVE ! ᓔྟ∖㾷
FINISH ! 䗔ߎ∖㾷῵ഫSOLU
! (6) 䖯ܹৢ໘⧚῵ഫˈ߫㸼ᰒ⼎㡖⚍ԡ⿏䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ੠೒ᔶᰒ⼎বᔶ೒
/POST1 ! 䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
SET,1,1 ! 䇏ܹ㄀1Ͼ㥋䕑ℹⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
PRNSOL,U,COMP ! ߫㸼ᰒ⼎㡖⚍㒓ԡ⿏੠㡖⚍㒓ԡ⿏ⱘⶶ䞣੠
PRNSOL,ROT,COMP ! ߫㸼ᰒ⼎㡖⚍䕀㾦੠㡖⚍㾦ԡ⿏ⱘⶶ䞣੠
PLDISP,1 ! ᏺॳᴹ῵ൟ೒ˈᰒ⼎বᔶৢⱘ῵ൟ
! (7) ᦤপᣛᅮԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍੠ऩ‫ˈܗ‬ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬㸼ᑊ㦋পᔃ᳆ᑨ࡯
MID_NODE = NODE (2,,, ) ! 䗝ᢽ䎱⾏(2,0,0)ԡ㕂᳔䖥ⱘ㡖⚍ˈੑৡЎMID_NODE
*GET,DISP,NODE,MID_NODE,U,Y ! ᦤপৡ⿄ЎMID_NODEⱘ㡖⚍ⱘオ৥ԡ⿏UYˈᄬܹব䞣DISP
MID_ELM = ENEARN (MID_NODE) ! 䗝ᢽ䎱⾏MID_NODE㡖⚍᳔䖥ⱘऩ‫ܗ‬, ੑৡЎMID_ELM
ETABLE,STRS,LS,3 ! ҹLS,3˄-Yϔջⱘᔃ᳆ᑨ࡯SBYB˅Ў‫ݙ‬ᆍᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬㸼STRS
*GET,STRSS,ELEM,MID_ELM,ETAB,STRS ! ᦤপऩ‫ܗ‬㸼 STRSЁऩ‫ܗ‬MID_ELMⱘᑨ࡯ ˈᄬܹ
STRSS
! (8) ᇚ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ‫ࠄܹݭ‬᭛ᴀ᭛ӊ
*DIM,LABEL,CHAR,2 ! ᅮНϸϾ‫ܗ‬㋴ⱘᄫヺൟ᭄㒘LABEL
*DIM,VALUE,,2,3 ! ᅮН2*3ⱘ᭄ؐൟ᭄㒘VALUE
LABEL(1) = 'STRS_MPa','DEF_mm'
*VFILL,VALUE(1,1),DATA,-5.5556,0.1323 ! 㒭VALUEⱘ㄀1߫䌟⧚䆎ؐ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,2),DATA,STRSS/1e6,DISP*1000 ! 㒭VALUEⱘ㄀2߫䌟䅵ㅫؐ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,3),DATA,ABS(STRSS/1e6/5.5556),ABS(DISP/0.1323e-3)
/OUT, EX2_2, out ! ᇚ䕧ߎ‫ݙ‬ᆍ䞡ᅮ৥ࠄ᭛ӊEX2_2.out
/COM
/COM,------------------- EX2.2 RESULTS COMPARISON ---------------------
/COM,
/COM, | TARGET | ANSYS | RATIO
/COM,
*VWRITE,LABEL(1),VALUE(1,1),VALUE(1,2),VALUE(1,3)
(1X,A8,' ',F10.3,' ',F10.3,' ',1F5.3)
/COM,---------------------------------------------------------------
/OUT ! 㒧ᴳ᭄᥂䞡ᅮ৥ˈ݇䯁䕧ߎ᭛ӊ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
*LIST, EX2_2, out ! ߫㸼ᰒ⼎᭛ӊEX2_2.outⱘ‫ݙ‬ᆍ

4ˊ㒧ᵰ䅼䆎

䗮䖛Ϟ䴶⿟ᑣⱘߚᵤ䅵ㅫˈ᳔໻ᔃⶽথ⫳೼ᬃᑻԡ㕂໘ˈϟ䖍㓬ⱘ᳔໻य़ᑨ࡯䅵ㅫؐ

34
 ㄀ゴṕⱘᔃ᳆䯂乬

5.5556MPaϢ⧚䆎䅵ㅫؐᅠܼਏড়ˈ䎼Ёⱘᣴᑺ䅵ㅫؐ0.1323mmг੠⧚䆎䅵ㅫؐϔ㟈DŽ
㸼2.1 Ꮉᄫൟ໪Ԍṕⱘ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ੠⧚䆎䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰⱘᇍ↨
ᑨ࡯੠ᣴᑺ ⧚ 䆎 ؐ Ansysؐ ↨ ؐ
ϟ䖍㓬ᑨ࡯˄ MPa ˅ 5.5556 5.5556 1.000
䎼Ёᣴᑺ˄ mm ˅ 0.1323 0.1322 1.000

2.3 ⶽᔶ៾䴶ṕⱘ㒉῾ᔃ᳆ߚᵤ

䭓ᑺl=5.08mⱘᮍᔶ៾䴶(63.5mm*63.5mm)ㅔᬃṕফࠄഛᏗ໪䕑q=314N/M԰⫼ⱘৠᯊˈ
ফࠄϔᇍ∈ᑇᮍ৥ⱘᢝ࡯S=97.74kNⱘ԰⫼DŽᔍᗻ῵䞣E=210GPa䆩⫼ϝ㓈ṕऩ‫ܗ‬BEAM4⹂
ᅮ䎼Ёⱘ᳔໻ᣴᑺ੠Ꮊջᬃᑻⱘ䕀㾦ˈҹঞ᳔໻ᔃⶽDŽᔧ≵᳝∈ᑇᢝ࡯԰⫼ᯊˈ䖭ѯؐব
៤њ໮ᇥ˛

೒2.17 ᢝ࡯԰⫼ϟⱘㅔᬃṕⱘ㒉῾ᔃ᳆

೒2.18 㒉῾ᔃ᳆ⱘㅔᬃṕⱘϔञᇍ⿄ⱘ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟ

1ˊ⧚䆎㾷

Ң᭛⤂[4]:42ˈ6੠᭛⤂[6]:148ৃⶹˈ೼῾৥࡯੠䕈৥࡯ⱘ݅ৠ԰⫼ϟˈṕⱘᔃ᳆㹿⿄
Ў㒉῾ᔃ᳆DŽℸᯊṕⱘᔃ᳆ᖂߚᮍ⿟Ў˖
d 2 y ( x)
EI = S y( x ) − M ( x )
dx 2
݊Ёˈ S ᰃṕ‫ⱘݙ‬䕈৥ᢝ࡯ˈ㢹Ў䕈৥य़࡯ৃҹপ S < 0 DŽᇍѢফഛᏗ㥋䕑ⱘㅔᬃṕˈ
ӏᛣ៾䴶ԡ㕂ⱘᔃⶽؐЎ˖
ql qx 2 qx
M ( x) = x − = (l − x) , (0 ≤ x ≤ l )
2 2 2

35
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

ᇚᔃⶽᮍ⿟ҷܹϞ䴶ᖂߚᮍ⿟ˈ⿃ߚৢᕫࠄᣴᑺ᳆㒓Ў˖
q q (l − x) x
y (x ) = C1 cosh px + C2 sinh px − 4
+ , (0 ≤ x ≤ l )
EI p 2 EI p 2
݊Ёˈ p 2 = S / EI ˈ䖭ᰃ೼䕈৥ᢝ࡯԰⫼ϟফഛᏗ㥋䕑ⱘㅔᬃṕⱘᣴᑺ᳆㒓ᮍ⿟DŽ
䖭䞠ⱘᣴᑺᮍ⿟ᰃ෎ѢѠ䰊ⱘṕⱘᔃ᳆ᖂߚᮍ⿟ᕫࠄⱘ㾷ㄨˈ᠔ҹ䖍⬠ᴵӊЁা᳝ϸ
Ͼԡ⿏䖍⬠ᴵӊDŽᇚԡ⿏䖍⬠ᴵӊ y (0) = y( l ) = 0 ҷܹࠄϞ䴶㾷ㄨৢˈৃҹ⹂ᅮߎ⿃ߚᐌ᭄
C1 , C2 DŽ
q q (1 − exp( pl ))
C1 = ˈ C 2 =
EIp4 EIp4 (1 + exp( pl ))
ᇚ݊ಲҷࠄᣴᑺᮍ⿟ৢˈᕫᣴᑺᮍ⿟ǃ䕀㾦ᮍ⿟੠ᔃⶽᮍ⿟ߚ߿Ў˖
q q (1 − exp( pl )) q( l − x ) x
y(x)= − (1cosh px)+ sinh px+ ˈ˄0İxİl˅
EIp 4
EIp (1 + exp( pl ))
4
2EIp 2
q q (1 − exp( pl )) 2x − l
¬[ sinh px+ cosh px q ˈ˄0İxİl˅
EIp 3
EIp (1 + exp( pl))
3
2EIp 2
q q(1 − exp( pl)) q
M[ cosh px+ 2 sinh px  2 ˄0İxİl˅
p 2
p (1 + exp( pl )) p
䎼Ёⱘ᳔໻ᣴᑺ੠ᬃᑻ໘ⱘ᳔໻䕀㾦ߚ߿Ў˖
l q pl q (1 − exp( pl )) pl ql 2
ymax = y ( ) = − (1 − cosh ) + sinh +
2 E I p4 2 E I p 4 (1 + exp( pl )) 2 8E I p2
q (1 − exp( pl )) ql
θ max = θ (0) = + 2
EI p (1 + exp( pl )) 2 p
3

䎼Ёⱘ᳔໻ᔃⶽЎ˖
l q pl q (1 − exp( pl )) pl q
M max = M ( ) = 2 cosh + 2 sinh − 2
2 p 2 p (1 + exp( pl )) 2 p
ᔧ S = 0 ᯊˈ p = 0 ˈϞᓣⱘᵕ䰤ߚ߿Ў˖
4 3 2
5 pl pl pl
ymax =ˈ¬max = ˈMmax =
384 EI 24EI 8
ҹϞ㒧ᵰ੠[6]˖149㒭ߎⱘ݀ᓣᅠܼϔ㟈DŽ
ᇚ᭄᥂䭓ᑺl=5.08mˈ㥋䕑䲚ᑺq=314N/mˈᢝ࡯ S = 97.74 kN ҷܹҹϞ݀ᓣˈᕫ˖
Ebh3 210 × 10 9 × 0.0635 4
EI= = =284533Ngm
12 12
p= S / EI = 97740 / 284533 =0.58611/m
ymax=5.0274mmˈ¬ max=0.00321radˈMmax= 521.52Ngm

2ˊ≵᳝䕈࡯԰⫼ⱘᚙ‫މ‬

ᔧㅔᬃṕ≵᳝䕈৥࡯԰⫼ᯊˈᣴᑺ᳆㒓݀ᓣЎ˖[6]:106
qx
y(x)= (l3 -3lx2 +x3)ˈ˄0İxİl˅
24EI

36
 ㄀ゴṕⱘᔃ᳆䯂乬

⬅ℸৃҹ⹂ᅮߎ᳔໻ᣴᑺߎ⦄೼䎼Ё˄ x = l / 2 ˅ˈ᳔໻䕀㾦ߎ⦄೼ᬃᑻԡ㕂˄ x = 0 ˅ˈ
ᅗӀⱘؐߚ߿Ў˖
4 3
5 pl ql
ymax =y(l/2)= ˈ¬max =¬(0)
384 EI 24EI
᳔໻ᔃⶽߎ⦄೼䎼Ёˈ݊ؐЎ˖
q l2
M max = −
8 
ҷ᭄ܹؐˈᕫࠄ˖
5 × 314 × 5.08
4
ymax = =9.57mm
384 × 284533
314 × 5.083
θmax = = 0.006028
24 × 284533
314 × 5. 08
2
Mma x = 1013Ngm
8

3ˊANSYSߚᵤ

⬅Ѣ῵ൟᎺেᇍ⿄ˈ᠔ҹ䅵ㅫা䳔㽕ϔञ῵ൟेৃDŽ೼䅵ㅫ᳝䕈࡯԰⫼ⱘ㄀1⾡ᚙ‫ˈৢމ‬
㄀2⾡ᚙ‫މ‬㒭ߎњ≵᳝䕈৥࡯԰⫼ⱘᚙᔶDŽ᳝䕈࡯԰⫼ⱘ᳝䰤‫ߚܗ‬ᵤ䖛⿟੠᱂䗮ㅔᬃṕⱘ䖛
⿟Ⳍৠˈϟ䴶㒭ߎⱘᰃЏ㽕ℹ偸੠䇈ᯢDŽ
(1) Շ࿌ௐࠓफ໸cಬШ೴ۤϫॸϵ೴d
⫼ߚᵤ㉏ൟᅮНੑҸ"ANTYPE,STATIC"ᅮНߚᵤ㉏ൟЎ䴭࡯ߚᵤDŽ⫼ऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟᅮНੑ
ҸĀET,1,BEAM4,,,,,,1āᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬Ўϝ㓈ᔍᗻṕऩ‫ܗ‬BEAM4DŽ
⫼ᅲᐌ᭄ᅮНੑҸĀR,1,0.403225e2, 0.135492e5, 0.135492e5, 0.0635, 0.0635āᅮН
2 4
㄀1㉏ᅲᐌ᭄ǃṕⱘ៾䴶⿃Ў0.00403225m ǃᛃᗻⶽIZZ=IYY=0.135492e5m ੠៾䴶催ᑺ
B=H=6.35cmDŽ
⫼ᴤ᭭খ᭄ᅮНੑҸĀMP,EX,1,210E9āᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EX˙210GPaDŽ⫼
ĀMP,PRXY,,0.3āᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨ЎPRXY˙0.3DŽ
(2) Շ࿌ࠋԤสᄢd
⫼㡖⚍ԡ㕂ᅮНੑҸĀN,1ā೼(0,0)ԡ㕂ᅮН㄀1Ͼ㡖⚍ˈ⫼ĀN,5,2.54ā೼(2.54m,0)
ᅮН㄀5Ͼ㡖⚍DŽ⫼฿‫⫳ܙ‬៤㡖⚍ੑҸĀFILLā೼㄀1ো㡖⚍੠㄀5ো㡖⚍П䯈ˈ฿‫⫳ܙ‬៤Ё
䯈3Ͼ㡖⚍DŽ
(3) Շ࿌Ӧ၍ॕࠄ‫ڑ‬ຂd
⫼ऩ‫ܗ‬ᅮНੑҸĀE,1,2ā䖛1ˈ2㡖⚍ᅮН㄀1Ͼऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ⫼ऩ‫⫳ܗ‬៤ੑҸĀEGEN,4,1,1ā
ᣝ✻ࠡ䴶ⱘऩ‫ܗ‬῵ᓣˈ⫳៤4⃵ˈ↣⃵ϸッ㡖⚍োࡴ1ˈ⫳៤݊ԭ3Ͼऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ
(4) Շ࿌สྭၟ೯ۤ۠ၻඨߑd
⫼ԡ⿏㑺ᴳᅮНੑҸĀD,ALL,UY,,,,,ROTX,ROTZāԡ⿏㑺ᴳ᠔᳝㡖⚍ⱘUY, ROTX,
ROTZ㞾⬅ᑺDŽ⫼ĀD,1,UZā㑺ᴳ1ো㡖⚍ⱘUZ㞾⬅ᑺDŽ⫼㡖⚍䗝ᢽੑҸĀNSEL,S,,,5ā䗝
ᢽ㓪োϡᇣѢ5ⱘ᠔᳝㡖⚍DŽ⫼ᇍ⿄ԡ⿏㑺ᴳੑҸĀDSYM,SYMM,XāᅮН䗝ᢽ䲚Ёⱘ᠔
᳝㡖⚍(5ো㡖⚍)݇ѢX䕈ⱘᇍ⿄ԡ⿏䖍⬠ᴵӊDŽ⫼ĀNSEL,ALLā䗝ᢽ᠔᳝㒧⚍DŽ

37
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

(5) ಠަ۠ၻd
⫼ᮑࡴ࡯ⱘੑҸĀF,1,FX,97740ā೼1ো㡖⚍ᮑࡴ⊓ⴔXᮍ৥ⱘ䲚Ё࡯97740NDŽ⫼㸼
䴶࡯ᅮНੑҸĀSFBEAM,ALL,1,PRES,314ā೼ṕ㸼䴶ᮑࡴഛᏗ㥋䕑314N/mDŽ㒣䖛䖭ѯℹ偸
ৢˈᕫࠄⱘ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬䅵ㅫ῵བ೒2.19᠔⼎DŽ

೒2.19 䗮䖛㡖⚍੠ऩ‫᥹Ⳉܗ‬ᓎ῵⫳៤ⱘ㒉῾ᔃ᳆ⱘㅔᬃṕ῵ൟ

(6) ࠩదௐࠓ੦ࣖēࢗಳௐࠓd
⫼Ā/SOLUāࡴ䕑∖㾷῵ഫˈ⫼ĀSOLVEāੑҸᓔྟ䴭࡯ߚᵤ∖㾷DŽ
(7) ࠩద‫҉܊‬स੦ࣖēມವสྭ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ڴ‬ēඔ௜ᆰΨᄆᆶࠋԤԅᅧ߸ۤࣔᄯખէd
⫼Ā/POST1āࡴ䕑ৢ໘⧚῵ഫDŽ⫼㡖⚍䗝ᢽੑҸĀNSEL,S,,,1,5,4āҢ1ࠄ5ᣝ✻๲䞣4
ᕾ⦃ˈ䗝Ё1ো㡖⚍੠5ো㡖⚍DŽ⫼ᰒ⼎㒧⚍㒧ᵰੑҸĀPRNSOL,U,Zā߫㸼ᰒ⼎䗝ᢽ䲚Ё
᠔᳝㡖⚍ⱘZᮍ৥ⱘԡ⿏UZˈᕫࠄབ೒2.20᠔⼎ⱘ㒧ᵰDŽ⫼ĀPRNSOL,ROT,Yā߫㸼ᰒ⼎
䗝ᢽ䲚Ё᠔᳝㡖⚍ⱘ㒩Y䕈ⱘ䕀㾦ROTYˈᕫࠄབ೒2.21᠔⼎ⱘ㒧ᵰDŽ

೒2.20 䗮䖛㡖⚍䗝ᢽᰒ⼎ᬃᑻԡ㕂ⱘԡ⿏䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰUZ

38
 ㄀ゴṕⱘᔃ᳆䯂乬

೒2.21 䗮䖛㡖⚍䗝ᢽᰒ⼎ᬃᑻԡ㕂ⱘ䕀㾦䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰROTY

⫼㡖⚍䗝ᢽੑҸĀNSEL,ALLā䗝ᢽ᠔᳝㒧⚍ˈ⫼ᰒ⼎ড࡯ੑҸĀPRRSOLā߫㸼ᰒ⼎
㹿㑺ᴳ㡖⚍ⱘᬃড࡯ˈᕫࠄབ೒2.22᠔⼎ⱘ㒧ᵰˈ䖭䞠ⱘੑҸᰃPrint Reaction SOLutionⱘ
㓽‫ݭ‬DŽ

೒2.22 ᰒ⼎᠔᳝㡖⚍ԡ㕂໘ⱘᬃড࡯

⫼ĀRGHT_END = NODE (2.54,0,0)āੑҸ䗝ᢽ䎱⾏(2.54,0,0)᳔䖥ⱘ㡖⚍(া᳝5ো㡖⚍)ˈ

ੑৡЎRGHT_ENDDŽ⫼ĀLFT_END = NODE (0,0,0)ā䗝ᢽ䎱⾏(0,0,0)᳔䖥ⱘ㡖⚍ˈੑৡ
ЎLFT_ENDDŽ⫼ 㒧 ᵰ ᦤ প ੑ ҸĀ*GET,UZ_MX_C2,NODE,RGHT_END,U,Zā㦋প㡖⚍
RGHT_ENDⱘ㒓ԡ⿏UZˈᄬܹব䞣UZ_MX_C2DŽ⫼Ā*GET,SLOPE_C2, NODE, LFT_END,
ROT, Yā㦋প㡖⚍LFT_ENDⱘ䕀㾦ROTYˈᄬܹব䞣SLOPE_C2DŽ
(8) ၽನ޷ॅё‫҉܊‬स୶ᄯēԿަ҉स5ۜࠋԤสᄢԅ෵ࡧd
⫼ Ā /POST26 ā䖯 ܹ ᯊ 䯈 ग़ ⿟ ৢ ໘ ⧚ ఼ Post26 ˈ ⫼ ড ࡯ 䅵 ㅫ ੑ Ҹ Ā RFORCE, 2,
RGHT_END, M, Yā঴ࡴRGHT_END㡖⚍ⱘᔃ䎱MYˈᄬܹ㄀2ϾPost26ব䞣DŽ⫼ĀSTOREā

39
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

ੑҸֱᄬব䞣DŽ⫼ᦤপ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰੑҸĀ*GET,M_MX_C2,VARI,2,EXTREM,VMAXā㦋প㄀
2ϾPost26ব䞣ⱘ᳔໻ؐDŽ
(9) ᄷ໭ࠩద஍҉स੦ࣖēᄷ໭‫ޙ‬സࢩৎ࿫ॏஜ‫ܤ‬໒࿫ԅॣԅᆚ۸෵ௗd
⫼Ā/PREP7āࡴ䕑ࠡ໘⧚῵ഫˈ䞡ᮄᅮНᷛ乬DŽ⫼ĀSSTIF,ONāᠧᓔᑨ࡯ᔎ࣪䗝乍DŽ
⫼ĀNSUBST,5āᣛᅮ䖭⃵ߚᵤ᠔㽕Փ⫼ⱘ㥋䕑ᄤℹЎ5ℹˈ⫼ĀAUTOTS,ONā▔⌏㞾ࡼ
ᯊ䯈ℹ䭓DŽ
(10) ࠩదௐࠓ੦ࣖēᄗՇᆫ໌ೌज़๢Е‫܊‬ēࢗಳׄຬ໿ௐࠓd
೼∖㾷῵ഫЁˈ⫼ĀCNVTOL,F,,.0001,,1āᣛᅮ᳔ᇣᬊᬯ䇃Ꮒˈ⫼∖㾷ੑҸĀSOLVEā
ᓔྟ䴲㒓ᗻ∖㾷DŽ೼∖㾷䖛⿟Ёˈ೒ᔶにষᰒ⼎བ೒2.23᠔⼎ⱘ䗁ҷ䖛⿟DŽ

೒2.23 㗗㰥乘ᑨ࡯ᬜᑨⱘṕⱘ㒉῾ᔃ᳆ⱘ䗁ҷ䖛⿟ᰒ⼎

(11) ࠩద‫҉܊‬स੦ࣖēມವสྭ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ڴ‬ēඔ௜ᆰΨᄆᆶࠋԤԅᅧ߸ۤࣔᄯખէd
⫼Ā/POST1ā䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫˈ⫼㡖⚍䗝ᢽੑҸĀNSEL,S,,,1,5,4āҢ1ࠄ5ᣝ๲䞣
4ᕾ⦃ˈ䗝Ё1ো㡖⚍੠5ো㡖⚍DŽ⫼㡖⚍㒧ᵰᰒ⼎ੑҸĀPRNSOL,U,Zā߫㸼ᰒ⼎䗝ᢽ䲚Ё
᠔᳝㡖⚍˄1ো੠5ো㡖⚍˅ⱘZᮍ৥ⱘԡ⿏UZDŽ⫼ĀPRNSOL,ROT,Yā߫㸼ᰒ⼎䗝ᢽ䲚Ё
᠔᳝㡖⚍ⱘ㒩Y䕈ⱘ䕀㾦ROTYDŽ⫼㡖⚍ᬃড࡯ᰒ⼎ੑҸĀPRRSOLā߫㸼ᰒ⼎㹿㑺ᴳ㡖⚍
ⱘ ᬃ ড ࡯ DŽ ⫼ 㒧 ᵰ ᦤ প ੑ Ҹ Ā *GET,UZ_MX_C1,NODE,RGHT_END,U,Zā ᦤ প 㡖 ⚍
RGHT_ENDⱘ㒓ԡ⿏UZˈᄬܹব䞣UZ_MAX_C1DŽ⫼Ā*GET,SLOPE_C1,NODE, LFT_END,
ROT,Yāᦤপ㡖⚍LFT_ENDⱘ䕀㾦ROTYˈᄬܹব䞣SLOPE_C1DŽ
(12) ၽನ޷ॅё‫҉܊‬स୶ᄯēԿަ҉सࣔᄯď5ۜࠋԤĐสᄢԅ෵ࡧd
⫼ĀPOST26ā䖯 ܹ ᯊ 䯈 ग़ ⿟ ৢ ໘ ⧚ ఼Post26DŽ⫼ ᬃ ড ࡯ 䅵 ㅫ ੑ ҸĀRFORCE, 2,
RGHT_END, M,Yā঴ࡴRGHT_END㡖⚍ⱘᔃⶽMYˈᄬܹ㄀2ϾPost26ব䞣DŽ⫼ĀSTOREā
ֱᄬব䞣ˈ⫼䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰᦤপੑҸĀ*GET,M_MX_C1,VARI,2,EXTREM,VMAXāᦤপ㄀2Ͼ
Post26ব䞣ⱘ᳔໻ؐDŽ೼Ϟ䴶䆌໮ℹ偸ЁⱘĀ*GETāੑҸᦤপߎⱘֱᄬ೼ব䞣Ёⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧
ᵰˈৃҹ䗮䖛GUI⬠䴶ϞⱘĀUtility Menu -> Parameters -> Scale Parameters …āᠧᓔব䞣ᅮ
Нᰒ⼎にষˈⳟࠄᰒ⼎䖭ѯব䞣ⱘؐⱘにষ˄བ೒2.24᠔⼎˅DŽ

40
 ㄀ゴṕⱘᔃ᳆䯂乬

೒2.24 ᶹⳟֱᄬ೼ব䞣Ёⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ

(13) ಓю‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ڴ‬ำ·ำߑEX2_3.outd

4ˊANSYS⿟ᑣ

FINISH
/CLEAR, NOSTART ! ⏙䰸᭄᥂ˈϡࡴ䕑߱ྟ࣪᭛ӊ
/FileName, EX2.3(1) ! ᅮН᭛ӊৡ⿄
/PREP7 ! ࡴ䕑ࠡ໘⧚῵ഫ
/TITLE, EX2.3(1), TIE ROD WITH LATERAL LOADING, NO STREES STIFFENING
C*** STR. OF MATLS., TIMOSHENKO, PART 2, 3RD ED., PAGE 42, ART. 6
! (1) ᅮН∖㾷㉏ൟˈᅲᐌ᭄੠ᴤ᭭খ᭄
ANTYPE,STATIC ! ᅮНߚᵤ㉏ൟЎ䴭࡯ߚᵤ
ET,1,BEAM4,,,,,,1 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬Ўϝ㓈ᔍᗻṕऩ‫ܗ‬BEAM4
R,1,0.403225e-2, 0.135492e-5, 0.135492e-5, 0.0635, 0.0635 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᅲᐌ᭄ǃ ṕ
ⱘ៾䴶⿃0.403225e-2m^2,ǃᛃᗻⶽIZZ=IYY=0.135492e-5 m^4ǃ៾䴶催ᑺB=H=6.35cm
MP,EX,1,210E9 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EX˙210GPa
MP,PRXY,,0.3 ! ᅮНᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨ЎPRXY˙0.3
! (2) ᅮН㡖⚍ԡ㕂
N,1 ! ೼(0,0)ᅮН㄀1Ͼ㡖⚍
N,5,2.54 ! ೼(2.54,0)ᅮН㄀5Ͼ㡖⚍
FILL ! ߽⫼㡖⚍฿‫ܙ‬FILLੑҸ⫳៤Ё䯈3Ͼ㡖⚍
! (3) ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬䖲᥹݇㋏
E,1,2 ! 䖛1, 2㡖⚍ᅮН㄀1Ͼऩ‫ܗ‬
EGEN,4,1,1 ! ᣝ✻ࠡ䴶ⱘऩ‫ܗ‬῵ᓣˈ⫳៤4⃵ˈ↣⃵ϸッ㡖⚍োࡴ1ˈ⫳៤݊ԭ3Ͼऩ‫ܗ‬
! (4) ᅮНԡ⿏㑺ᴳ੠㥋䕑ᴵӊ
D,ALL,UY,,,,,ROTX,ROTZ ! 㑺ᴳ᠔᳝㡖⚍ⱘUYǃROTXǃROTZ㞾⬅ᑺ
D,1,UZ ! 㑺ᴳ1ো㡖⚍ⱘUZ㞾⬅ᑺ
NSEL,S,,,5 ! 䗝ᢽ㓪োϡᇣѢ5ⱘ᠔᳝㡖⚍
DSYM,SYMM,X ! ᅮН᠔᳝㡖⚍(5ো㡖⚍)݇Ѣx䕈ⱘᇍ⿄ԡ⿏䖍⬠ᴵӊ
NSEL,ALL ! 䗝ᢽ᠔᳝㒧⚍

41
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

! (5) ᮑࡴ㥋䕑
F,1,FX,-97740 ! ೼1ো㡖⚍ᮑࡴ⊓ⴔXᮍ৥ⱘ䲚Ё࡯-97740N
SFBEAM,ALL,1,PRES,314 ! ೼ṕ㸼䴶ᮑࡴഛᏗ㥋䕑314N/m
FINISH ! 䗔ߎࠡ໘⧚῵ഫPREP7
! (6) 䖯ܹ∖㾷῵ഫˈᓔྟ∖㾷
/SOLU ! ࡴ䕑∖㾷῵ഫ
SOLVE ! ᓔྟ䴭࡯ߚᵤ∖㾷
FINISH ! 䗔ߎ∖㾷῵ഫSOLU
! (7) 䖯ܹৢ໘⧚῵ഫˈᰒ⼎ԡ⿏䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰˈᦤপᎺ䖍ᬃᑻ㡖⚍ⱘ䕀㾦੠䎼Ёᣴᑺ
/POST1 ! ࡴ䕑ৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
NSEL,S,,,1,5,4 ! Ң1ࠄ5ᣝ✻๲䞣4ᕾ⦃ˈ䗝Ё1ো㡖⚍੠5ো㡖⚍
PRNSOL,U,Z ! ߫㸼ᰒ⼎䗝ᢽ䲚Ё᠔᳝㡖⚍ⱘZᮍ৥ⱘԡ⿏UZ
PRNSOL,ROT,Y ! ߫㸼ᰒ⼎䗝ᢽ䲚Ё᠔᳝㡖⚍ⱘ㒩Y䕈ⱘ䕀㾦ROTY
NSEL,ALL ! 䗝ᢽ᠔᳝㒧⚍
PRRSOL ! ߫㸼ᰒ⼎㹿㑺ᴳ㡖⚍ⱘᬃড࡯˄Print Reaction SOLution˅
RGHT_END = NODE (2.54,0,0) ! 䗝ᢽ䎱⾏ (2.54,0,0)᳔䖥ⱘ㡖⚍ (া᳝5ো㡖⚍ ),ੑৡЎ
RGHT_END
LFT_END = NODE (0,0,0) ! 䗝 ᢽ 䎱 ⾏ (0,0,0) ᳔ 䖥 ⱘ 㡖 ⚍ ˈ ੑ ৡ Ў LFT_END
*GET,UZ_MX_C2,NODE,RGHT_END,U,Z ! 㦋প㡖⚍RGHT_ENDⱘ㒓ԡ⿏UZ
*GET,SLOPE_C2,NODE,LFT_END,ROT,Y ! 㦋প㡖⚍LFT_ENDⱘ䕀㾦ROTY
FINISH ! 䗔ߎৢ໘⧚῵ഫPost1
! (8) ೼ᯊ䯈ग़⿟ৢ໘⧚఼Ёˈ঴ࡴ໘⧚5ো㡖⚍ԡ㕂ⱘᔃⶽ
/POST26 ! 䖯ܹᯊ䯈ग़⿟ৢ໘⧚఼Post26
RFORCE,2,RGHT_END,M,Y ! ঴ࡴRGHT_END㡖⚍ⱘᔃⶽMYˈᄬܹ㄀2ϾPost26ব䞣
STORE ! ֱᄬব䞣
*GET,M_MX_C2,VARI,2,EXTREM,VMAX ! 㦋প㄀2ϾPost26ব䞣ⱘ᳔໻ؐ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
! (9) 䞡ᮄ䖯ܹࠡ໘⧚῵ഫˈ䞡ᮄ䅵ㅫ㗗㰥ᑨ࡯ᔎ࣪ᬜᑨⱘय़ᴚ
/PREP7 ! ࡴ䕑ࠡ໘⧚῵ഫ
/TITLE, EX2.3(2), TIE ROD WITH LATERAL LOADING, STRESS STIFFENING PRESENT
SSTIF,ON ! ᠧᓔᑨ࡯ᔎ࣪䗝乍
NSUBST,5 ! ᣛᅮ䖭⃵ߚᵤ᠔㽕Փ⫼ⱘ㥋䕑ᄤℹЎ5ℹ
AUTOTS,ON ! ▔⌏㞾ࡼᯊ䯈ℹ䭓
FINISH ! 䗔ߎࠡ໘⧚῵ഫPREP7
! (10) 䖯ܹ∖㾷῵ഫˈᣛᅮ᳔ᇣᬊᬯ䇃Ꮒৢˈᓔྟ䴲㒓ᗻ∖㾷
/SOLU ! ࡴ䕑∖㾷῵ഫ
CNVTOL,F,,.0001,,1 ! ᳔ᇣᬊᬯ䇃Ꮒ
SOLVE ! ᓔྟ∖㾷
FINISH ! 䗔ߎ∖㾷῵ഫSOLU
! (11) 䖯ܹৢ໘⧚῵ഫˈᰒ⼎ԡ⿏䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰˈᦤপᎺ䖍ᬃᑻ㡖⚍ⱘ䕀㾦੠䎼Ёᣴᑺ
/POST1 ! 䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
NSEL,S,,,1,5,4 ! Ң1ࠄ5ᣝ๲䞣4ᕾ⦃ˈ䗝Ё1ো㡖⚍੠5ো㡖⚍
PRNSOL,U,Z ! ߫㸼ᰒ⼎䗝ᢽ䲚Ё᠔᳝㡖⚍˄1ো੠5ো㡖⚍˅ⱘZᮍ৥ⱘԡ⿏UZ
PRNSOL,ROT,Y ! ߫㸼ᰒ⼎䗝ᢽ䲚Ё᠔᳝㡖⚍ⱘ㒩Y䕈ⱘ䕀㾦ROTY

42
 ㄀ゴṕⱘᔃ᳆䯂乬

PRRSOL ! ߫㸼ᰒ⼎㹿㑺ᴳ㡖⚍ⱘᬃড࡯
*GET,UZ_MX_C1,NODE,RGHT_END,U,Z ! 㦋প㡖⚍RGHT_ENDⱘ㒓ԡ⿏UZ
*GET,SLOPE_C1,NODE,LFT_END,ROT,Y ! 㦋প㡖⚍LFT_ENDⱘ䕀㾦ROTY
FINISH ! 䗔ߎ∖㾷῵ഫSOLU
! (12) ೼ᯊ䯈ग़⿟ৢ໘⧚఼Ёˈ঴ࡴ໘⧚䎼Ё˄5ো㡖⚍˅ԡ㕂ⱘᔃⶽ
/POST26 ! 䖯ܹᯊ䯈ग़⿟ৢ໘⧚఼Post26
RFORCE,2,RGHT_END,M,Y ! ঴ࡴRGHT_END㡖⚍ⱘᔃⶽMYˈᄬܹ㄀2ϾPost26ব䞣
STORE ! ֱᄬব䞣
*GET,M_MX_C1,VARI,2,EXTREM,VMAX ! 㦋প㄀2ϾPost26ব䞣ⱘ᳔໻ؐ
! (13) ⫳៤䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ᭛ᴀ᭛ӊEX2_3.out
*DIM,LABEL,CHAR,3,2 ! ᅮН3ˆ2ᄫヺൟ᭄㒘LABEL
*DIM,VALUE1,,3,3 ! ᅮН3ˆ3ᄫ᭄᭄ؐ㒘LABEL
*DIM,VALUE2,,3,3 ! ᅮН3ˆ3᭄ؐൟ᭄㒘LABEL
LABEL(1,1) = 'UZ MAX ','SLOPE ','MOMENT M' ! ᅮН㸼༈
LABEL(1,2) = '(m) ','(rad) ','AX N-m' ! ᅮН㸼༈㄀2㸠ⱘऩԡ
*VFILL,VALUE1(1,1),DATA,-0.0050274,.00321,-521.52 ! ฿‫ܙ‬㄀1⾡ᚙ‫⧚މ‬䆎㒧ᵰ
*VFILL,VALUE1(1,2),DATA,UZ_MX_C1,SLOPE_C1,M_MX_C1 ! ฿‫ܙ‬᳝䰤‫ܗ‬㒧ᵰ
*VFILL,VALUE1(1,3),DATA,ABS(UZ_MX_C1/0.0050274),ABS(SLOPE_C1/.00321),
ABS(M_MX_C1/521.52) ! 䅵ㅫϸ㗙ⱘ↨ؐ
*VFILL,VALUE2(1,1),DATA,-0.00957,.006028,-1013 ! ฿‫ܙ‬㄀2⾡ᚙ‫⧚މ‬䆎㒧ᵰ
*VFILL,VALUE2(1,2),DATA,UZ_MX_C2,SLOPE_C2,M_MX_C2 ! ฿‫ܙ‬᳝䰤‫ܗ‬㒧ᵰ
*VFILL,VALUE2(1,3),DATA,ABS(UZ_MX_C2/0.00957),ABS(SLOPE_C2/.006028),
ABS(M_MX_C2/1013) ! 䅵ㅫϸ㗙ⱘ↨ؐ
/COM
/OUT, EX2_3, out ! ᇚ䕧ߎ‫ݙ‬ᆍ䞡ᅮ৥ࠄ᭛ӊEX21.out
/COM,------------------- EX2.3 RESULTS COMPARISON -----------------
/COM,
/COM, | TARGET | ANSYS | RATIO
/COM,
/COM,RESULTS FOR F<>0 (STIFFENED):
/COM,
*VWRITE,LABEL(1,1),LABEL(1,2),VALUE1(1,1),VALUE1(1,2),VALUE1(1,3)
(1X,A8,A8,' ',F17.7,' ',F17.7,' ',1F5.3)
/COM,
/COM,RESULTS FOR F=0 (UNSTIFFENED):
/COM,
*VWRITE,LABEL(1,1),LABEL(1,2),VALUE2(1,1),VALUE2(1,2),VALUE2(1,3)
(1X,A8,A8,' ',F17.7,' ',F17.7,' ',1F5.3)
/COM,--------------------------------------------------------------
/OUT ! 㒧ᴳ᭄᥂䞡ᅮ৥ˈ݇䯁䕧ߎ᭛ӊ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
*LIST, EX2_3, out ! ߫㸼ᰒ⼎᭛ӊ‫ݙ‬ᆍ

43
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

5ˊ㒧ᵰ↨䕗

㒣䖛Ϟ䴶⿟ᑣⱘ䅵ㅫˈᕫࠄབ㸼2.2᠔⼎ⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰDŽϢ⧚䆎ؐⳌ↨ˈ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬㒧ᵰⱘ‫ޚ‬
⹂ᑺ䴲ᐌདDŽ
㸼2.2 ⶽᔶ៾䴶ṕⱘ㒉῾ᔃ᳆᳝䰤‫ܗ‬㒧ᵰ੠⧚䆎㒧ᵰⱘᇍ↨
䕈৥࡯ᚙ‫މ‬ বᔶ੠ᔃⶽ ⧚ 䆎 ؐ ANSYSؐ ↨ ؐ
䎼Ё᳔໻ᣴᑺ (m) 0.0050274 0.0050275 1.000
䕈৥࡯
Ꮊ䖍ᬃᑻ໘ⱘ䕀㾦(rad) 0.003210 0.003210 1.000
F=97.74kN
䎼Ё᳔໻ᔃⶽ˄N·m˅ 521.520 521.5136 1.000
䎼Ё᳔໻ᣴᑺ (m) 0.0095700 0.0095695 1.000
䕈৥࡯
Ꮊ䖍ᬃᑻ໘ⱘ䕀㾦(rad) 0.0060280 0.0060280 1.000
F=0
䎼Ё᳔໻ᔃⶽ˄N·m˅ 1013.000 1012.901 1.000

6ˊ䕈࡯ᰃय़࡯ⱘᚙ‫⧚ⱘމ‬䆎㾷

㢹Ў䕈৥य़࡯ৃҹপ S < 0 DŽᇍѢফഛᏗ㥋䕑ⱘㅔᬃṕˈӏᛣ៾䴶ԡ㕂ⱘᔃⶽㄝѢ˖

2
pl qx qx
M(x)= x − = (lx)ˈ˄0İxİl˅
2 2 2
Ԛᰃ⿃ߚৢᕫࠄᣴᑺ᳆㒓বЎ˖
q q( l − x ) x
y(x)=C1 cos px+ C2  4
 ˈ˄0İxİl˅
EIp 2EIp 2
݊Ёˈ p 2 = − S / EI ˈ䖭ᰃ೼䕈৥य़࡯԰⫼ϟফഛᏗ㥋䕑ⱘㅔᬃṕⱘᣴᑺ᳆㒓ᮍ⿟DŽ
䖭䞠ⱘᣴᑺᮍ⿟ᰃ෎ѢѠ䰊ⱘṕⱘᔃ᳆ᖂߚᮍ⿟ᕫࠄⱘ㾷ㄨˈ᠔ҹ䖍⬠ᴵӊЁা᳝ϸ
Ͼԡ⿏䖍⬠ᴵӊDŽᇚԡ⿏䖍⬠ᴵӊ y (0) = y( l ) = 0 ҷܹࠄϞ䴶㾷ㄨৢˈৃҹ⹂ᅮߎ⿃ߚᐌ᭄
C1 ˈC2 DŽ
q q(1 − cos pl )
C1 = 4
ˈC2 = ˈ˄0İxİl˅
EIp EIp4 sin pl
ᇚ݊ಲҷࠄᣴᑺᮍ⿟ৢˈᕫᣴᑺᮍ⿟ˈ䕀㾦ᮍ⿟੠ᔃⶽᮍ⿟ߚ߿Ў˖
q q(1 − cos pl ) q( l − x ) x
y(x)=  4
˄1cos px˅+ 4
sin px+ ˈ˄0İxİl˅
EIp EIp sin pl 2EIp 2
q q(1 − cos pl ) 2x − 1
¬(x)=  4
sin px+ 3
cos pxq ˈ˄0İxİl˅
EIp EIp sin pl 2EIp 2
q q(1 − cos pl ) q
M(x)=  2 cos px 3
sin px 2 ˈ˄0İxİl˅
p p sin pl p
䎼Ёⱘ᳔໻ᣴᑺ੠ᬃᑻ໘ⱘ᳔໻䕀㾦ߚ߿Ў˖
l q pl q (1 − cos pl ) pl ql 2
ymax = y ( ) = − (1− cos ) + sin −
2 E I p4 2 EI p 4 sin pl 2 8 E I p2
q (1 − cos pl ) ql
θmax = θ (0) = + 2
p 3 sin pl 2p

44
 ㄀ゴṕⱘᔃ᳆䯂乬

䎼Ёⱘ᳔໻ᔃⶽЎ˖
l q pl q (1 − cos pl ) pl q
M max = M ( ) = − 2 cos − 2
sin − 2
2 p 2 p sin pl 2 p
ᔧय़࡯ S = 0 ᯊˈ p = 0 ˈϞᓣⱘᵕ䰤ߚ߿Ў˖
4 3
5 pl pl ql 2
ymax= ˈ¬max= ˈ M max =
384 EI 24EI 8
ҹϞ㒧ᵰ੠[6]˖149㒭ߎⱘ݀ᓣᅠܼϔ㟈DŽ
㱑✊⧚䆎Ϟˈ䕈৥य़࡯੠䕈৥ᢝ࡯ᇍṕⱘᔃ᳆‫݋‬᳝ᅠܼϡৠⱘ㾷ᵤ㸼䖒ᓣˈԚᰃ೼᳝
䰤‫ܗ‬䅵ㅫЁˈϸ㗙ⱘ䅵ㅫ䖛⿟ैᰃᅠܼⳌৠⱘDŽ

2.4  㞖ṕⱘঠ৥ᔃ᳆
䭓ᑺ l = 152.4 mm ⱘⶽᔶ៾䴶ⱘ 㞖ṕˈ៾䴶ᆑᑺ t = 2.54 mm ˈ催ᑺ h = 5.08 mm ˈ೼㞾⬅
ッফࠄ䕈৥ᢝ࡯F੠⊓ⴔϸϾЏ䕈ᮍ৥ⱘ῾৥࡯F԰⫼ˈ࡯ⱘ໻ᇣഛㄝѢF=4.4483N˄བ೒
2.25᠔⼎˅DŽᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣Ў E = 69GPa ˈ⊞ᵒ↨Ў μ = 0.3 ˈ䆩߽⫼ϝ㓈8㡖⚍㗺ড়എᅲԧ
ऩ‫ܗ‬Solid5ˈϝ㓈20㡖⚍೎ԧऩ‫ܗ‬Solid95ˈϝ㓈10㡖⚍㗺ড়എᅲԧऩ‫ܗ‬Solid98੠ϝ㓈㒧ᵘ
ᅲԧ㞾䗖ᑨऩ‫ܗ‬Solid147䅵ㅫ೼䖭ѯ࡯ⱘ԰⫼ϟˈ㞾⬅ッⱘԡ⿏dxǃ dy ੠dzㄝѢ໮ᇥ˛

1ˊ⧚䆎㾷
[11]
ᣝ✻೒2. 26᠔⼎䅵ㅫ῵ൟˈ䆹 㞖ṕ㒩䪙Ⳉ䕈੠∈ᑇ䕈ⱘᡫᔃᛃᗻⶽߚ߿Ў˖
ht 3 5. 08 × 2. 543
I y= = =6.9372× 10-12 m4
12 12
2.54 × 508
3 3
ht
Iz = = =27.7488× 10-12 m4
12 12

h = 2.54mm
X F
Z

l = 152.4mm
F F = 4.483mm
t = 5.08mm

೒2.25 ⶽᔶ៾䴶 㞖ṕⱘ䅵ㅫ῵ൟ ೒2.26 ⫼ϡৠⱘᅲԧऩ‫ܗ‬῵ᢳ 㞖ṕ

೼㞾⬅ッⱘ῾៾䴶Ϟⱘ3Ͼ䲚Ё࡯Fˈߚ߿⊓ⴔ䕈৥xˈオ৥y੠∈ᑇ৥zˈᑊ೼䖭3Ͼᮍ
৥ѻ⫳ԡ⿏ˈ݊Ёxᮍ৥ⱘԡ⿏ᰃ䕈৥বᔶᓩ䍋ⱘԡ⿏ˈyᮍ৥੠zᮍ৥ᓩ䍋ⱘԡ⿏䛑ᰃᔃ᳆
ᓩ䍋ⱘԡ⿏DŽ᠔ҹˈৃҹߚ߿䅵ㅫߎ䖭ѯԡ⿏ؐЎ˖

45
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

¨x= Nl =
Rl
= 4. 4483 × 0. 1524 -7
=7.614× 10 m
− −
EA Eht 69 ×10 × 5. 08 × 10 × 2. 54 ×10
9 3 3

Rl3 4.4483 × 0.1524 3

¨y= = =2.471× 10-3 m
3Eht z 3 × 69 ×10 × 27.7488 ×10
9 − 12

Rl 3 4.4483 × 0.1524 3
¨z = = =10.965× 10-3 m
3Eht y 3 × 69 × 10 × 6.9372 × 10
9 −12

2ˊANSYSߚᵤ

ϟ䴶㒭ߎⱘᰃᅠ៤䖭4⾡ऩ‫ܗ‬ᇍ 㞖ṕঠ৥ᔃ᳆বᔶߚᵤⱘЏ㽕䖛⿟੠䇈ᯢDŽ䖭䞠া㒭
ߎњ㄀ϔ⾡ऩ‫ܗ‬ᚙ‫މ‬䆺㒚䇈ᯢˈ݊ԭ3⾡ᚙ‫ˈމ‬䇏㗙ৃҹখⳟANSYS⿟ᑣˈҨ㒚䯙䇏ᑊ⧚㾷
᠔᳝ҷⷕⱘ৿НDŽ
(1) ॆဈSOLID5Ӧ၍‫ޙ‬സ༧Τॣԅᆦ‫ۦ‬έ໹d
⫼ߚᵤ㉏ൟᅮНੑҸĀANTYPE,STATICāᅮНߚᵤ㉏ൟЎ䴭࡯ߚᵤˈ⫼ऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟᅮН
ੑҸĀET,1,SOLID5,2āᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬ᰃϝ㓈໮㗺ড়എ೎ԧऩ‫ ܗ‬SOLID5ˈ䗝乍খ᭄Ā2ā
㸼⼎㞾⬅ᑺЎ3Ͼԡ⿏㞾⬅ᑺUXǃUY੠UZ˗⫼ᴤ᭭খ᭄ᅮНੑҸĀMP,EX,1,69E3āᅮН㄀
1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EX=69GPaˈ⫼ĀMP,NUXY,1,0.3āᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨Ўmu=0.3DŽ
(2) Շ࿌༧Τॣ౨ԅ8ّ‫ߏڑ‬Ԥd
⫼݇䬂⚍ᅮНੑҸĀK,1ā೼തᷛॳ⚍(0,0,0)ᅮН㄀1Ͼ݇䬂⚍ˈ⫼ĀK,2,152.4ā೼
(152.4mmˈ0)ԡ㕂໘ᅮН㄀2㡖⚍DŽ⫼݇䬂⚍⫳៤ੑҸĀKGEN,2,1,2,1,,5.08ā⫳៤2Ͼᕾ⦃ˈ
ᣝ ✻ 㡖 ⚍ 1 ࠄ 2 ๲ 䞣 ᰃ 1 ˈ ᇚ Y ത ᷛ ๲ ࡴ 5.08mm ⫳ ៤ ㄀ 3 ো ੠ ㄀ 4 ো 㡖 ⚍ DŽ ⫼
ĀKGEN,2,1,4,1,,,2.54ā⫳៤2Ͼᕾ⦃ˈᣝ✻㡖⚍1ࠄ4๲䞣ᰃ1ˈᇚZതᷛ๲ࡴ2.54mmˈ⫳៤4
Ͼ㡖⚍DŽ䖭ϸϾ⫳៤ੑҸᅠ៤њ㡖⚍3ࠄ4ⱘᅮН੠㡖⚍5ࠄ8ⱘԡ㕂ᅮНDŽ
(3) Շ࿌ྡྷඨΨຬēᄥՇუඨຬ‫דܣ‬Ӧ၍ԅّ೴ۤྡྷ͎Ӧ၍ԅѤӊd
⫼㒓ᅮНੑҸĀL,1,2ā䖛݇䬂⚍1,2ᅮНⳈ㒓DŽ⫼Āsmrt,offā݇䯁ᱎ㛑࣪ࡳ㛑ˈᑊ⫼
ĀLESIZE, ALL ,,, 10āᅮН᠔᳝Ⳉ㒓ⱘߦߚ↉᭄Ў10↉ˈ⫼ĀESIZE,25.4āᅮН咬䅸ⱘऩ‫ܗ‬
ሎᇌЎ25.4DŽ⫼ԧᅮНੑҸĀV,1,2,4,3,5,6,8,7ā䖛݇䬂⚍1,2,4,3,5,6,8,7ᅮНԧDŽ⫼ԧऩ‫ߦܗ‬
ߚੑҸĀVMESH,1āᠻ㸠ԧऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬᪡԰DŽ
(4) ༪႔ᆰЇࠉੋ҉ԅൎပࠋԤēω‫څ‬ՇdၽဗЇԅൎပࠋԤ౨ಠަ‫ނ‬ᄯॏd
⫼㡖⚍ߦߚੑҸĀNSEL,S,LOC,X,0ā䗝ᢽԡѢX=0ԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍ˈ⫼ԡ⿏㑺ᴳᅮНੑҸ
ĀD,ALL,ALLā㑺ᴳ䗝ᢽ䲚Ёⱘ᠔᳝㡖⚍˄Ꮊッ㡖⚍˅ⱘ᠔᳝ԡ⿏DŽ⫼ĀNSEL,ALLā䗝ᢽ
᠔᳝㒧⚍DŽ
⫼೼݇䬂⚍Ϟᮑࡴ䲚Ё࡯ⱘੑҸĀFK,2,FX,4.4483/4ā೼2ো݇䬂⚍Ϟᮑࡴ⊓ⴔXᮍ৥ˈ
໻ᇣЎ1.1121Nⱘ䕈৥࡯ˈ䖭䞠ᇚড়࡯Ў4.4483Nⱘ࡯ⱘ1/4ߚ䜡೼2ো݇䬂⚍ϞDŽ⫼䞡໡ᠻ㸠
ੑҸĀ*REPEAT,4,2āᇚࠡ䴶ⱘੑҸᠻ㸠4⃵ˈ↣⃵᪡԰ᇍ䈵㓪ো๲ࡴ2ˈेᅠ៤ᇍ2ˈ4ˈ6
੠8ো݇䬂⚍ⱘ㥋䕑ⱘᅮНDŽᓎゟᅠ៤ⱘ䅵ㅫ῵ൟབ೒2.27᠔⼎DŽ
(5) ௐࠓၽᆑဎժࣸॏᆴဈຏ༧Τॣԅࣸགέ໹d
⫼Ā/SOLUāࡴ䕑∖㾷῵ഫˈ⫼∖㾷ੑҸĀSOLVEāᓔྟ䖭⾡ᚙ‫މ‬ϟⱘ䴭࡯ߚᵤ∖㾷DŽ

46
 ㄀ゴṕⱘᔃ᳆䯂乬

೒2.27 ⫼ㅔऩԧ㋴ᓎゟⱘ 㞖ṕ䅵ㅫ῵ൟ

(6) ‫؟‬έ۠ၻē‫ޙ‬സၽYֺ຿ԅ‫ނ‬ᄯॏᆴဈຏԅெ໹d
⫼ߴ䰸݇䬂⚍Ϟⱘ࡯ⱘੑҸĀFKDELE,ALL,FXāߴ䰸᠔᳝݇䬂⚍Ϟⱘ䕈৥ᢝ࡯DŽ⫼݇
䬂⚍Ϟᮑࡴ䲚Ё࡯ⱘੑҸĀFK,2,FY,4.4483/4ā೼2ো݇䬂⚍Ϟᮑࡴ⊓ⴔYᮍ৥ˈ໻ᇣЎ
1.1121Nⱘ῾৥࡯DŽ⫼Ā*REPEAT,4,2āᇚࠡ䴶ⱘੑҸᠻ㸠4⃵ˈ↣⃵᪡԰ᇍ䈵㓪ো๲ࡴ2ˈ
ᅠ៤䱣ᇍ݊ԭ3Ͼ㡖⚍Ϟ࡯ⱘᅮНDŽᬍব㥋䕑԰⫼ᮍᓣⱘ 㞖ṕབ೒2.28᠔⼎DŽ⫼ĀSOLVEā
ᓔྟ∖㾷䪙Ⳉᮍ৥ᔃ᳆DŽ

೒2.28 ᬍব㥋䕑԰⫼ᮍᓣⱘ 㞖ṕ䅵ㅫ῵ൟ

(7) ‫؟‬έ۠ၻē‫ޙ‬സၽZֺ຿ԅ‫ނ‬ᄯॏᆴဈຏԅέ໹d
⫼ĀFKDELE,ALL,FYāߴ䰸᠔᳝݇䬂⚍Ϟⱘ䕈৥࡯ˈ⫼ĀFK,2,FZ,4.4483/4ā೼2ো݇
䬂⚍Ϟᮑࡴ⊓ⴔZᮍ৥ˈ໻ᇣЎ1.1121Nⱘ῾৥࡯ˈ⫼Ā*REPEAT,4,2āᇚࠡ䴶ⱘੑҸᠻ㸠4
⃵ˈ↣⃵᪡԰ᇍ䈵㓪ো๲ࡴ2DŽ⫼SOLVEĀᓔྟ∖㾷∈ᑇᮍ৥ᔃ᳆DŽ

47
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

(8) ࠩదྡྷ͎‫҉܊‬स੦ࣖd
(9) Շ࿌‫܁‬ё༝ē෻юᆑဎժสྭ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ڴ‬ԅ҉सd
⫼Ā*CREATE,MACāᅮНᅣ⿟ᑣMACˈ䅵ㅫ䖭ѯ㒧ᵰDŽ⫼ĀSET,ARG1,1āᅮНখ᭄
ARG1˙1DŽ⫼㥋䕑Ꮉ‫މ‬ᅮН˄Load Case DEFination˅ੑҸĀLCDEF,ARG1,ARG1ā෎Ѣ䅵
ㅫ㒧ᵰ᭛ӊᅮН㥋䕑Ꮉ‫މ‬DŽ಴Ўࠡ䴶Ꮖ㒣ᅠ៤њᇍ3⾡ϡৠᚙ‫ⱘމ‬䅵ㅫˈ᭄᥂ᑧЁᏆ㒣ֱᄬ
њᅗӀⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰˈ᠔ҹᅮН㥋䕑Ꮉ‫ৃˈމ‬ҹᅠ៤ᇍᅗӀⱘ㒧ᵰ໘⧚DŽ
⫼㡖⚍䗝ᢽੑҸĀNSEL,S,LOC,X,152.4ā䗝ᢽṕেッX˙152.4mmⱘ㒧⚍ˈ⫼ᰒ⼎㡖⚍
䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰੑҸĀPRNSOL,U,COMPāᠧॄԡ⿏㒧ᵰঞ݊㡖⚍ԡ⿏ⱘⶶ䞣੠DŽ⫼㥋䕑Ꮉ‫މ‬㓽
ᬒ಴ᄤᅮНੑҸĀLCFACT, ARG1, ARG2āᇚ㓽ᬒ಴ᄤ "ARG2"ᑨ⫼㒭㥋䕑Ꮉ‫މ‬1ˈ⫼䇏ܹ
㥋䕑Ꮉ‫މ‬ੑҸĀLCASE, ARG1āᇚ㥋䕑Ꮉ‫މ‬1䇏ܹࠄ᭄᥂ᑧDŽ⫼ᰒ⼎㡖⚍䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰੑҸ
ĀPRNSOL,U,COMPāᰒ⼎ԡ⿏㒧ᵰঞ݊㡖⚍ԡ⿏ⱘⶶ䞣੠DŽ⫼Ā*ENDā㒧ᴳᅣ⿟ᑣMAC
ⱘᅮНDŽ
(10) ರဈ౨ੋՇ࿌ԅ‫܁‬ё༝҉सൎပԅ3ّࣣٝd
⫼ᠻ㸠ᅣ⿟ᑣੑҸĀ*USE,MAC,1,(1/7.6E4)āՓ⫼ᅣMACˈՓ⫼খ᭄Ā1,(1/7.6E4)āˈ
⫼ 䇏 ܹ 㥋 䕑 ℹ ੑ Ҹ Ā SET,1,1ā 䇏 ܹ ㄀ 1 Ͼ 㥋 䕑 ℹ ⱘ 䅵 ㅫ 㒧 ᵰ DŽ ⫼ 䕑 㥋 ℹ 䗝 ᢽ ੑ Ҹ
ĀLCSEL,S,0,0ā䗝ᢽ㥋䕑ℹⱘᄤ䲚DŽ⫼㡖⚍䗝ᢽੑҸĀN1=NODE(152.4 , 0, 0)ā䗝ᢽ䎱⾏
(152.4mm,0,0)ԡ㕂᳔䖥ⱘ㡖⚍ˈੑৡЎN1ˈ⫼㒧ᵰᦤপੑҸĀ*GET,UX1,NODE,N1,U,Xā
ᦤপ㡖⚍N1ⱘԡ⿏UXˈֱᄬࠄব䞣UX1DŽ
(11) ҉सԛ2ّ۠ၻϤԅ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ڴ‬d
ᣝ✻੠ϞϔℹⳌৠⱘੑҸˈ໘⧚㄀2Ͼ㥋䕑ⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰDŽ
(12) ҉सԛ3ّ۠ၻϤԅ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ڴ‬d
ᣝ✻੠ϞϔℹⳌৠⱘੑҸˈ໘⧚㄀3Ͼ㥋䕑ⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰDŽ
(13) Շ࿌ᆓ‫׸‬ґέ२ۤອ࿫ԅसৢ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ڴ‬d
(14) ‫؟‬έӦ၍फ໸ēᄷ໭‫ד‬๥ࡧ໹ࠉੋ༧ΤॣၽժϦ‫ނ‬ᄯॏᆴဈຏԅέ໹d
⫼ऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬䆒㕂ੑҸĀMOPT,VMESH,MAINāᣛᅮԧऩ‫఼ߚߦܗ‬ЎĀЏಯ䴶ԧāˈᑊ
⫼ĀMOPT,AMESH, ALTEāᣛᅮ䴶ऩ‫఼ߚߦܗ‬ЎĀЏಯবᔶāDŽ
(15) ರဈ10ࠋԤങੋ඘Ӧ၍SOLID92d
ҹϟℹ偸੠㄀ϔ⾡ऩ‫ߚⱘܗ‬ᵤ䖛⿟㉏Ԑˈ䇏㗙ৃҹখⳟANSYS⿟ᑣˈ೼ℸⳕ⬹䆺㒚
䇈ᯢDŽ
(16) ॆဈԛ1ࣖ඘ԅӦ၍੦಴ēಓюୣဥԅ8Ϧ‫ד‬Ӧ၍ēՇ࿌‫څ‬ՇժϦԅၟ೯d
(17) ‫ݦ‬௜ອ࿫ࠋԤԅΩۜēωၽუ໔ࠋԤ౨ಠަ۠ၻd
(18) ٓ౨ੋ༪႔ѻԅუ໔ࠋԤಠަཡᆂXֺ຿ԅᅀ຿۠ၻd
(19) ճუᄵ۠ၻெࣣࠩ໻‫ޙ‬സd
(20) ‫؟‬έ۠ၻēٓ౨ੋ༪႔ѻԅუ໔ࠋԤಠަཡᆂYֺ຿ԅᅀ຿۠ၻēᄷ໭‫ޙ‬സd
(21) ‫؟‬έ۠ၻēٓ౨ੋ༪႔ѻԅუ໔ࠋԤಠަཡᆂZֺ຿ԅᅀ຿۠ၻēᄷ໭‫ޙ‬സd
(22) ၽ‫҉܊‬स੦ࣖᄯēມವสྭ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ۤڴ‬सৢࠒ‫ڴ‬ԅΑᄔd
(23) ॆဈ஍ੋՇ࿌ԅ‫܁‬ē҉स஍ੋ‫ޙ‬സԅ3ᄵ۠ၻࣣٝd
(24) Շ࿌ᆓ‫׸‬έ२ēΑࠀसৢࠒ‫ۤڴ‬ပຫ၍ࠒ‫ڴ‬ԅΑᄔd
(25) ‫؟‬έน10ࠋԤങੋ඘ᬲ‫ۦ‬ЦӦ၍SOLID98ēᄷ໭‫ޙ‬സ༧ΤॣၽժϦ‫ނ‬ᄯॏᆴဈຏ

48
 ㄀ゴṕⱘᔃ᳆䯂乬

ԅഀ຿෵ௗd
(26) ༪႔Ψ࠘౨ԅ੶໔ࠋԤēಠަၟ೯ۤ۠ၻd
(27) ٓ౨ੋ༪႔ѻԅუ໔ࠋԤಠަཡᆂXֺ຿ԅᅀ຿۠ၻd
(28) ‫؟‬έ۠ၻēٓ౨ੋ༪႔ѻԅუ໔ࠋԤಠަཡᆂYֺ຿ԅᅀ຿۠ၻēᄷ໭‫ޙ‬സd
(29) ‫؟‬έ۠ၻēٓ౨ੋ༪႔ѻԅუ໔ࠋԤಠަཡᆂZֺ຿ԅᅀ຿۠ၻēᄷ໭‫ޙ‬സd
(30) ၽ‫҉܊‬स੦ࣖᄯēມವสྭ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ۤڴ‬सৢࠒ‫ڴ‬ԅΑᄔd
(31) ॆဈ஍ੋՇ࿌ԅ‫܁‬ē҉स஍ੋ‫ޙ‬സԅ3ᄵ۠ၻࣣٝd
(32) Շ࿌ᆓ‫׸‬έ२ēΑࠀसৢࠒ‫ۤڴ‬ပຫ၍ࠒ‫ڴ‬ԅΑᄔd
(33) ‫؟‬έน20ࠋԤങੋ඘3DӦ၍SOLID147ēᄷ໭‫ޙ‬സ༧ΤॣၽժϦ‫ނ‬ᄯॏᆴဈຏԅ
ഀ຿෵ௗd
(34) Շ࿌ॣ౨ԅ8ّ‫ߏڑ‬Ԥd
(35) Շ࿌ྡྷඨΨຬēᄥՇუඨຬ‫דܣ‬Ӧ၍ԅّ೴ۤྡྷ͎Ӧ၍ԅѤӊd
(36) ༪႔ᆰЇࠉੋ҉ԅൎပࠋԤēω‫څ‬Շუ໔ࠋԤdၽဗЇԅൎပࠋԤ౨ಠަ‫ނ‬ᄯॏd
(37) ௐࠓၽᆑဎժࣸॏᆴဈຏ༧Τॣԅέ໹ēᅖྑಾࣸགέ໹d
(38) ၽ‫҉܊‬स੦ࣖᄯēॹζມವပຫ၍‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ۤڴ‬सৢࠓԅЕιd
(39) Շ࿌‫܁‬ё༝ē෻юᆑဎժสྭ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ڴ‬ԅ҉सd
(40) ರဈ౨ੋՇ࿌ԅ‫܁‬ё༝҉सൎပԅ3ّࣣٝd
(41) ඔ௜ԛ2Ϥࠒ‫ڴ‬d
(42) ඔ௜ԛ3Ϥࠒ‫ڴ‬d
(43) Շ࿌ᆓ‫׸‬ґέ२ۤອ࿫ԅसৢ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ڴ‬d
(44) Ҷԛ1ّζᄯ‫؏݋‬೴࡬ē‫ݛ‬ᄥӦ၍࿫ॏၩ෍ēԄӾఢ෍2.29ൎವԅࠉੋ୉ੋ౨Xֺ
຿౨ԅჾ࿫ॏၩ෍d

೒2.29  㞖ṕ៾䴶Ϟⱘᑨ࡯ᰒ⼎

(45) ໹ю‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ڴ‬ำ·ำߑd
(46) ౗҂‫܁‬ำߑēংನζำߑTABLE_đd

49
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

3ˊANSYS⿟ᑣ

Finish
/CLEAR, START ! ⏙䰸᭄᥂ˈࡴ䕑߱ྟ࣪᭛ӊ
/FileName,EX2.4 ! ᅮН᭛ӊৡ⿄
/PREP7 ! ࡴ䕑ࠡ໘⧚῵ഫ
/TITLE, EX2.4(1), STRAIGHT CANTILEVER BEAM BY SOLID5 ELEMENT.
! (1) ߽⫼SOLID5ऩ‫ܗ‬䅵ㅫ 㞖ṕⱘ㒘ড়বᔶ
C*** USING SOLID5 HEXAHEDRONS
ANTYPE,STATIC ! ᅮНߚᵤ㉏ൟЎ䴭࡯ߚᵤ
ET,1,SOLID5,2 ! ϝ㓈໮㗺ড়എ೎ԧऩ‫ ܗ‬SOLID5
MP,EX,1,69E3 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EX=69 GPa
MP,NUXY,1,0.3 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨Ўmu=0.3
! (2) ᅮН 㞖ṕϞⱘ8Ͼⱘ݇䬂⚍
K,1 ! ೼തᷛॳ⚍ᅮН㄀1Ͼ݇䬂⚍
K,2,152.4 ! ೼(152.4mmˈ0)ԡ㕂໘ᅮН㄀2㡖⚍
! ⫼݇䬂⚍⫳៤ੑҸKGEN, ITIME, NP1, NP2, NINC, DX, DY, DZ, KINC ⫳៤݊Ҫ݇䬂⚍
KGEN,2,1,2,1,,5.08 ! ⫳៤2Ͼᕾ⦃ˈᣝ✻㡖⚍1ࠄ2๲䞣ᰃ1ˈᇚYതᷛ๲ࡴ5.08mmेৃ
KGEN,2,1,4,1,,,2.54 ! ⫳៤2Ͼᕾ⦃ˈᣝ✻㡖⚍1ࠄ4๲䞣ᰃ1ˈᇚZതᷛ๲ࡴ2.54mm
! Ϟ䴶ϸ㸠ੑҸᅠ៤њ㡖⚍3ࠄ4ⱘᅮН੠㡖⚍5ࠄ8ⱘԡ㕂ᅮН
! (3) ᅮНϔᴵ䖍㒓ˈࠊᅮ䖭ᴵ㒓ߦߚऩ‫ⱘܗ‬Ͼ᭄੠ϔ㠀ऩ‫ⱘܗ‬ሎᇌ
L,1,2 ! 䖛݇䬂⚍1ǃ2ᅮНⳈ㒓
smrt,off ! ݇䯁ᱎ㛑࣪ࡳ㛑
LESIZE,ALL,,,10 ! ᅮН᠔᳝Ⳉ㒓ⱘߦߚ↉᭄Ў10↉
ESIZE,25.4 ! ᅮН咬䅸ⱘऩ‫ܗ‬ሎᇌЎ25.4
V,1,2,4,3,5,6,8,7 ! ⫼݇䬂⚍1,2,4,3,5,6,8,7ᅮНԧ
VMESH,1 ! ᠻ㸠ԧऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬᪡԰
! (4) 䗝ᢽᎺջ៾䴶໘ⱘ᠔᳝㡖⚍ˈᑊ೎ᅮ䖭ѯ㡖⚍DŽ೼েջⱘ᠔᳝㡖⚍Ϟᮑࡴ䲚Ё࡯
NSEL,S,LOC,X,0 ! 䗝ᢽԡѢX=0ԡ㕂ⱘ᠔᳝㡖⚍
D,ALL,ALL ! 㑺ᴳ䗝ᢽ䲚Ёⱘ᠔᳝㡖⚍˄Ꮊッ㡖⚍˅ⱘ᠔᳝ԡ⿏
NSEL,ALL ! 䗝ᢽ᠔᳝㒧⚍
FK,2,FX,4.4483/4 ! ೼2ো݇䬂⚍Ϟᮑࡴ⊓ⴔXᮍ৥ˈ໻ᇣЎ1.1121Nⱘ䕈৥࡯
*REPEAT,4,2 ! ᇚࠡ䴶ⱘੑҸᠻ㸠4⃵ˈ↣⃵᪡԰ᇍ䈵㓪ো๲ࡴ2ˈेᅠ៤ᇍ2ˈ4ˈ6੠8ো
݇䬂⚍ⱘ㥋䕑ⱘᅮН
NOORDER ! ᣝॳྟⱘऩ‫⃵ܗ‬ᑣᇍऩ‫ܗ‬ᥦᑣ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎࠡ໘⧚῵ഫPREP7
! (5) ∖㾷೼㞾⬅ッᢝ࡯԰⫼ϟ 㞖ṕⱘবᔶˈЏ㽕ᰃᢝय़বᔶ
/SOLU ! ࡴ䕑∖㾷῵ഫ
SOLVE ! ᓔྟ∖㾷
! (6) ᬍব㥋䕑ˈ䅵ㅫ೼Yᮍ৥ⱘ䲚Ё࡯԰⫼ϟⱘᚙᔶ
FKDELE,ALL,FX ! ߴ䰸᠔᳝݇䬂⚍Ϟⱘ䕈৥ᢝ࡯
FK,2,FY,4.4483/4 ! ೼2ো݇䬂⚍Ϟᮑࡴ⊓ⴔYᮍ৥ˈ໻ᇣЎ1.1121Nⱘ῾৥࡯
*REPEAT,4,2 ! ᇚࠡ䴶ⱘੑҸᠻ㸠4⃵ˈ↣⃵᪡԰ᇍ䈵㓪ো๲ࡴ2

50
 ㄀ゴṕⱘᔃ᳆䯂乬

SOLVE ! ᓔྟ∖㾷䪙Ⳉᮍ৥ᔃ᳆
! (7) ᬍব㥋䕑ˈ䅵ㅫ೼Zᮍ৥ⱘ䲚Ё࡯԰⫼ϟⱘᚙᔶ
FKDELE,ALL,FY ! ߴ䰸᠔᳝݇䬂⚍Ϟⱘ䕈৥࡯
FK,2,FZ,4.4483/4 ! ೼2ো݇䬂⚍Ϟᮑࡴ⊓ⴔZᮍ৥ˈ໻ᇣЎ1.1121Nⱘ῾৥࡯
*REPEAT,4,2 ! ᇚࠡ䴶ⱘੑҸᠻ㸠4⃵ˈ↣⃵᪡԰ᇍ䈵㓪ো๲ࡴ2
SOLVE ! ᓔྟ∖㾷∈ᑇᮍ৥ᔃ᳆
FINISH ! 䗔ߎ∖㾷῵ഫSOLU
! (8) 䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
/POST1 ! ࡴ䕑ৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
CSYS,0 ! ᇚᔧࠡതᷛ㋏ߛᤶࠄᭈԧワवᇨതᷛ㋏
! (9) ᅮНᅣ⿟ᑣˈᅠ៤㞾⬅ッԡ⿏䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰⱘ໘⧚
*CREATE,MAC ! ᅮНᅣ⿟ᑣˈ䅵ㅫ䖭ѯ㒧ᵰ
SET,ARG1,1 ! ᅮНখ᭄ARG1˙1
LCDEF,ARG1,ARG1 ! ෎Ѣ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰᅮН㥋䕑Ꮉ‫މ‬
NSEL,S,LOC,X,152.4 ! 䗝ᢽṕেッⱘ᠔᳝㒧⚍
PRNSOL,U,COMP ! ᠧॄԡ⿏㒧ᵰঞ݊㡖⚍ԡ⿏ⱘⶶ䞣੠
LCFACT,ARG1,ARG2 ! ᇚ㓽ᬒ಴ᄤ "ARG2" ᑨ⫼㒭㥋䕑Ꮉ‫މ‬1
LCASE,ARG1 ! ᇚ㥋䕑Ꮉ‫މ‬1䇏ܹࠄ᭄᥂ᑧ
PRNSOL,U,COMP ! ᠧॄԡ⿏㒧ᵰঞ݊㡖⚍ԡ⿏ⱘⶶ䞣੠
*END ! 㒧ᴳᅣ⿟ᑣⱘᅮН
! (10) Փ⫼Ϟ䴶ᅮНⱘᅣ⿟ᑣ໘⧚᠔᳝ⱘ3ϾᎹ‫މ‬
/COM ***
*USE,MAC,1,(1/7.6E-4) ! Փ⫼ᅣMACˈՓ⫼খ᭄1,(1/7.6E-4)
SET,1,1 ! 䇏ܹ㄀1Ͼ㥋䕑ℹⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
LCSEL,S,0,0 ! 䗝ᢽ㥋䕑ℹⱘᄤ䲚
N1=NODE(152.4 , 0, 0) ! 䗝ᢽ䎱⾏(152.4 , 0, 0)ԡ㕂᳔䖥ⱘ㡖⚍ˈੑৡЎN1
*GET,UX1,NODE,N1,U,X ! 㦋প㡖⚍N1ⱘԡ⿏UX
! (11) ໘⧚㄀2Ͼ㥋䕑ℹⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
*USE,MAC,2,(1/2.4712) ! Փ⫼ᅣMACˈՓ⫼খ᭄2,(1/2.4712)
SET,2,1 ! 䇏ܹ㄀2Ͼ㥋䕑ℹⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
LCSEL,S,0,0 ! 䗝ᢽ㥋䕑ℹⱘᄤ䲚
*GET,UY1,NODE,N1,U,Y ! 㦋প㡖⚍N1ⱘԡ⿏UY
! (12) ໘⧚㄀3Ͼ㥋䕑ℹⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
*USE,MAC,3,(1/10.9646) ! Փ⫼ᅣMACˈՓ⫼খ᭄3,(1/10.9646)
SET,3,1 ! 䇏ܹ㄀3Ͼ㥋䕑ℹⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
LCSEL,S,0,0 ! 䗝ᢽ㥋䕑ℹⱘᄤ䲚
*GET,UZ1,NODE,N1,U,Z ! 㦋প㡖⚍N1ⱘԡ⿏UZ
! (13) ᅮНᄫヺІব䞣੠Ⳍᑨⱘ⧚䆎䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
*DIM,LABEL,CHAR,3,2
*DIM,VALUE,,3,3
LABEL(1,1) = 'DEFL X ','DEFL Y ','DEFL Z '
LABEL(1,2) = 'mm','mm','mm'
*VFILL,VALUE(1,1),DATA,7.6E-4,2.471,10.965

51
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

*VFILL,VALUE(1,2),DATA,UX1,UY1,UZ1
*VFILL,VALUE(1,3),DATA,ABS(UX1/(7.6E-4)),ABS(UY1/2.471),ABS(UZ1/10.965)
SAVE, TABLE_1 ! ֱᄬ᭄᥂ࠄ᭄᥂ᑧTABLE_1
FINISH ! 䗔ߎৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
!
! (14) ᬍবऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟˈ䞡ᮄߚᵤⶽᔶ៾䴶 㞖ṕ೼ッ䚼䲚Ё࡯԰⫼ϟⱘবᔶ
/CLEAR, NOSTART ! ⏙䰸᭄᥂ˈϡࡴ䕑߱ྟ࣪᭛ӊ
/PREP7 ! ࡴ䕑ࠡ໘⧚῵ഫ
/TITLE, EX12.4(2), STRAIGHT CANTILEVER BEAM by SOLID92 ELEMENT.
smrt,off ! ݇䯁ᱎ㛑࣪ࡳ㛑
MOPT,VMESH,MAIN ! ᣛᅮԧऩ‫఼ߚߦܗ‬ЎĀЏಯ䴶ԧā
MOPT,AMESH,ALTE ! ᣛᅮ䴶ऩ‫఼ߚߦܗ‬ЎĀЏಯবᔶā
! (15) Փ⫼10㡖⚍ಯ䴶ԧऩ‫ܗ‬SOLID92
ANTYPE,STATIC ! ᅮНߚᵤ㉏ൟЎ䴭࡯ߚᵤ
ET,1,SOLID92 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬Ў3D㒧ᵘ೎ԧSOLID92
MP,EX,1,69E3 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EX˙69 GPa
MP,PRXY,1,0.3 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨Ў0.3
K,1 ! ೼തᷛॳ⚍ᅮН㄀1Ͼ݇䬂⚍
K,2,,5.08 ! ೼തᷛ(0, 5.08mm)ᅮН㄀2Ͼ݇䬂⚍
KGEN,2,1,2,1,,,2.54 ! ⫼KGENᇚതᷛ⊓ⴔZᮍ৥⿏ࡼ 2.54mm ᅮН㄀3੠㄀4Ͼ݇䬂⚍
KGEN,2,1,4,1,152.4/9 ! ⫼KGENᇚ㡖⚍1 ࠄ㡖⚍4ⱘതᷛ⊓ⴔXᮍ৥⿏ࡼ 152.4/9 mm ᅮН㄀5
੠㄀8Ͼ݇䬂⚍
ESIZE,25.4 ! ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬ሎᇌЎ25.4mm
V,1,2,4,3,5,6,8,7 ! 䖛݇䬂⚍1ࠄ8ᅮНԧ
VMESH,1 ! ᇍԧ䖯㸠ऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬
! (16) ߽⫼㄀1ഫԧⱘऩ‫ܗ‬῵ᓣˈ⫳៤݊ԭⱘ8䚼ߚऩ‫ˈܗ‬ᅮН೎ᅮッ䚼ⱘ㑺ᴳ
VGEN,9,1,1,1,152.4/9,,,4 ! ⫳៤ 9 Ͼԧ⿃ˈᅠ៤ᇍṕⱘᅮН
NSEL,S,LOC,X,0 ! 䗝ᢽX˙0ԡ㕂໘ⱘ㡖⚍
D,ALL,ALL ! 㑺ᴳᎺッⱘԡ⿏
SAVE ! ֱᄬ᭄᥂ࠄ᭄᥂ᑧ
! (17) 㦋পⳌᑨ㡖⚍ⱘ㓪োˈᑊ೼䖭ѯ㡖⚍Ϟᮑࡴ㥋䕑
/COM *** GET NODE NUMBERS FOR LOAD APPLICATION ***
NSEL,S,LOC,X,152.4 ! 䗝ᢽԡѢX˙152.4mm䴶Ϟⱘ᠔᳝㡖⚍
NSEL,R,LOC,Y,2.54 ! 䞡ᮄ䗝ᢽY˙2.54mmⱘ᠔᳝㡖⚍
NSEL,R,LOC,Z,1.27 ! 䞡ᮄ䗝ᢽZ˙1.27mmⱘ᠔᳝㡖⚍
*GET,MIDD,NDMX ! 㦋পᔧ᳔ࠡ໻ⱘ㡖⚍োˈᄬܹMIDD
NSEL,S,LOC,X,152.4 ! 䗝ᢽԡѢX˙152.4mm䴶Ϟⱘ᠔᳝㡖⚍
NSEL,R,LOC,Y,5.08 ! 䞡ᮄ䗝ᢽY˙2.54mmⱘ᠔᳝㡖⚍
NSEL,R,LOC,Z,1.27 ! 䞡ᮄ䗝ᢽZ˙1.27mmⱘ᠔᳝㡖⚍
*GET,TOPP,NDMX ! 㦋পᔧ᳔ࠡ໻ⱘ㡖⚍োˈᄬܹTOPP
NSEL,S,LOC,X,152.4 ! 䗝ᢽԡѢX˙152.4mm䴶Ϟⱘ᠔᳝㡖⚍
NSEL,R,LOC,Y,0.0 ! 䞡ᮄ䗝ᢽY˙0ⱘ᠔᳝㡖⚍
NSEL,R,LOC,Z, 1.27 ! 䞡ᮄ䗝ᢽZ˙1.27mmⱘ᠔᳝㡖⚍

52
 ㄀ゴṕⱘᔃ᳆䯂乬

*GET,BOTT,NDMX ! 㦋পᔧ᳔ࠡ໻ⱘ㡖⚍োˈᄬܹBOTT
NSEL,S,LOC,X, 152.4 ! 䗝ᢽԡѢX˙152.4mm䴶Ϟⱘ᠔᳝㡖⚍
NSEL,R,LOC,Y, 2.54 ! 䞡ᮄ䗝ᢽY˙2.54mmⱘ᠔᳝㡖⚍
NSEL,R,LOC,Z, 2.54 ! 䞡ᮄ䗝ᢽZ˙2.54mmⱘ᠔᳝㡖⚍
*GET,LFT,NDMX ! 㦋পᔧ᳔ࠡ໻ⱘ㡖⚍োˈᄬܹLFT
NSEL,S,LOC,X,152.4 ! 䗝ᢽԡѢX˙152.4mm䴶Ϟⱘ᠔᳝㡖⚍
NSEL,R,LOC,Y, 2.54 ! 䞡ᮄ䗝ᢽY˙2.54mmⱘ᠔᳝㡖⚍
NSEL,R,LOC,Z,.00 ! 䞡ᮄ䗝ᢽZ˙0ⱘ᠔᳝㡖⚍
*GET,RGHT,NDMX ! 㦋পᔧ᳔ࠡ໻ⱘ㡖⚍োˈᄬܹRGHT
NSEL,ALL ! 䗝ᢽ᠔᳝㒧⚍
! (18) 㒭Ϟ䴶䗝ᢽߎⱘ䖭ѯ㡖⚍ᮑࡴ⊓ⴔXᮍ৥ⱘ䕈৥㥋䕑
/COM *** APPLY LOADS TO PARAMETRIC NODE NUMBERS ***
F,RGHT,FX, 4.4483/6 ! 㒭RGHT㡖⚍ᮑࡴᘏ㥋䕑4.4483Nⱘ1/6
F,LFT,FX, 4.4483/6 ! 㒭LFT㡖⚍ᮑࡴᘏ㥋䕑4.4483Nⱘ1/6
F,TOPP,FX, 4.4483/6 ! 㒭TOPP㡖⚍ᮑࡴᘏ㥋䕑4.4483Nⱘ1/6
F,BOTT,FX, 4.4483/6 ! 㒭BOTT㡖⚍ᮑࡴᘏ㥋䕑4.4483Nⱘ1/6
F,MIDD,FX, 4.4483/3 ! 㒭MIDD㡖⚍ᮑࡴᘏ㥋䕑4.4483Nⱘ1/3
FINISH ! 䗔ߎࠡ໘⧚῵ഫPREP7
! (19) ᇍ䖭⾡㥋䕑ᚙ‫މ‬䖯㸠䅵ㅫ
/SOLU ! ࡴ䕑∖㾷῵ഫ
SOLVE ! ᓔྟ∖㾷
! (20) ᬍব㥋䕑ˈ㒭Ϟ䴶䗝ᢽߎⱘ䖭ѯ㡖⚍ᮑࡴ⊓ⴔYᮍ৥ⱘ䕈৥㥋䕑ˈ䞡ᮄ䅵ㅫ
FDELE,ALL ! ⿏এ᠔᳝ⱘ࡯
F,RGHT,FY, 4.4483/6 ! 㒭RGHT㡖⚍ᮑࡴᘏ㥋䕑4.4483Nⱘ1/6
F,LFT,FY, 4.4483/6 ! 㒭LFT㡖⚍ᮑࡴᘏ㥋䕑4.4483Nⱘ1/6
F,TOPP,FY, 4.4483/6 ! 㒭TOPP㡖⚍ᮑࡴᘏ㥋䕑4.4483Nⱘ1/6
F,BOTT,FY, 4.4483/6 ! 㒭BOTT㡖⚍ᮑࡴᘏ㥋䕑4.4483Nⱘ1/6
F,MIDD,FY, 4.4483/3 ! 㒭MIDD㡖⚍ᮑࡴᘏ㥋䕑4.4483Nⱘ1/3
SOLVE ! ᓔྟ∖㾷
! (21) ᬍব㥋䕑ˈ㒭Ϟ䴶䗝ᢽߎⱘ䖭ѯ㡖⚍ᮑࡴ⊓ⴔZᮍ৥ⱘ䕈৥㥋䕑ˈ䞡ᮄ䅵ㅫ
FDELE,ALL ! ⿏এ᠔᳝ⱘ࡯
F,RGHT,FZ, 4.4483/6 ! 㒭RGHT㡖⚍ᮑࡴᘏ㥋䕑4.4483Nⱘ1/6
F,LFT,FZ, 4.4483/6 ! 㒭LFT㡖⚍ᮑࡴᘏ㥋䕑4.4483Nⱘ1/6
F,TOPP,FZ, 4.4483/6 ! 㒭TOPP㡖⚍ᮑࡴᘏ㥋䕑4.4483Nⱘ1/6
F,BOTT,FZ, 4.4483/6 ! 㒭BOTT㡖⚍ᮑࡴᘏ㥋䕑4.4483Nⱘ1/6
F,MIDD,FZ, 4.4483/3 ! 㒭MIDD㡖⚍ᮑࡴᘏ㥋䕑4.4483Nⱘ1/3
SOLVE ! ᓔྟ∖㾷
FINISH ! 䗔ߎ∖㾷῵ഫSOLU
! (22) ೼ৢ໘⧚῵ഫЁˈᰒ⼎ԡ⿏䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ੠⧚䆎㒧ᵰⱘ↨ؐ
/POST1 ! ࡴ䕑ৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
/COM *** USE MACRO TO PROCESS ALL 3 LOADCASES ***
! (23) ߽⫼ࠡ䴶ᅮНⱘᅣˈ໘⧚ࠡ䴶䅵ㅫⱘ3⾡㥋䕑Ꮉ‫މ‬
*USE,MAC,1,(1/7.6E-4)
SET,1,1 ! 䇏ܹ㄀1Ͼ㥋䕑ℹⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ

53
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

LCSEL,S,0,0 ! 䗝ᢽ㥋䕑ℹⱘᄤ䲚
N1=NODE(152.4,0,0) ! 䗝ᢽ䎱⾏˄152.4mmˈ0ˈ0˅ԡ㕂᳔䖥ⱘ㡖⚍
*GET,UX2,NODE,N1,U,X ! 㦋প㡖⚍N1ⱘXᮍ৥ⱘԡ⿏䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰUX
!
*USE,MAC,2,(1/2.4712)
SET,2,1 ! 䇏ܹ㄀2Ͼ㥋䕑ℹⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
LCSEL,S,0,0
*GET,UY2,NODE,N1,U,Y ! 㦋প㡖⚍N1ⱘYᮍ৥ⱘԡ⿏䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰUY
!
*USE,MAC,3,(1/.432)
SET,3,1 ! 䇏ܹ㄀3Ͼ㥋䕑ℹⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
LCSEL,S,0,0
*GET,UZ2,NODE,N1,U,Z ! 㦋প㡖⚍N1ⱘZᮍ৥ⱘԡ⿏䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰUZ
!
! (24) ᅮНᄫヺব䞣ˈ↨䕗⧚䆎㒧ᵰ੠᳝䰤‫ܗ‬㒧ᵰⱘ↨ؐ
*DIM,LABEL,CHAR,3,2 ! ᅮН3ˆ2ᄫヺൟ᭄㒘LABEL
*DIM,VALUE,,3,3 ! ᅮН3ˆ3᭄ؐൟ᭄㒘VALUE
LABEL(1,1) = 'DEFL X ','DEFL Y ','DEFL Z ' ! 䌟ؐᷛ乬ֵᙃ
LABEL(1,2) = 'in','in','in' ! 䌟ؐᷛ乬ֵᙃ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,1),DATA,7.6E-4,2.4712,10.9646 ! ฿‫⧚ܙ‬䆎ؐ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,2),DATA,UX2,UY2,UZ2 ! ฿‫ܙ‬䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,3),DATA,ABS(UX2/(7.6E-4)),ABS(UY2/2.4712),ABS(UZ2/10.9646) !
฿‫ܙ‬䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ੠⧚䆎㒧ᵰⱘ↨ؐ
SAVE, TABLE_2 ! ֱᄬ᭄᥂ࠄ᭄᥂ᑧTABLE_2
FINISH ! 䗔ߎৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
!
! (25) ᬍবЎ10㡖⚍ಯ䴶ԧ㗺ড়എऩ‫ܗ‬SOLID98ˈ䞡ᮄ䅵ㅫ 㞖ṕ೼ッ䚼䲚Ё࡯԰⫼ϟⱘঠ৥ᔃ᳆
/CLEAR, NOSTART ! ⏙䰸᭄᥂ˈϡࡴ䕑߱ྟ࣪᭛ӊ
/PREP7 ! ࡴ䕑ࠡ໘⧚῵ഫ
/TITLE, EX12.4(3), STRAIGHT CANTILEVER BEAM by SOLID98 ELEMENT.
smrt,off ! ݇䯁ᱎ㛑࣪ࡳ㛑
MOPT,VMESH,MAIN ! ᣛᅮԧऩ‫఼ߚߦܗ‬ЎĀЏಯ䴶ԧā
MOPT,AMESH,ALTE ! ᣛᅮ䴶ऩ‫఼ߚߦܗ‬ЎĀಯবᔶā
/COM *** REPEAT USING SOLID98 TETRAHEDRONS ***
RESUME ! 䞡ᮄ䇏᭄ܹ᥂ᑧЁⱘ᭄᥂
ET,1,SOLID98,2 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟЎ SOLID98
! (26) 䗝ᢽ䖍⬠Ϟⱘᶤѯ㡖⚍ˈᮑࡴ㑺ᴳ੠㥋䕑
/COM *** GET NODE NUMBERS FOR LOAD APPLICATION ***
NSEL,S,LOC,X,152.4 ! 䗝ᢽԡѢX˙152.4mm䴶Ϟⱘ᠔᳝㡖⚍
NSEL,R,LOC,Y,2.54 ! 䞡ᮄ䗝ᢽY˙2.54mmⱘ᠔᳝㡖⚍
NSEL,R,LOC,Z,1.27 ! 䞡ᮄ䗝ᢽZ˙1.27mmⱘ᠔᳝㡖⚍
*GET,MIDD,NDMX ! 㦋পᔧ᳔ࠡ໻ⱘ㡖⚍োˈᄬܹMIDD
!
NSEL,S,LOC,X,152.4 ! 䗝ᢽԡѢX˙152.4mm䴶Ϟⱘ᠔᳝㡖⚍

54
 ㄀ゴṕⱘᔃ᳆䯂乬

NSEL,R,LOC,Y,5.08 ! 䞡ᮄ䗝ᢽY˙2.54mmⱘ᠔᳝㡖⚍
NSEL,R,LOC,Z,1.27 ! 䞡ᮄ䗝ᢽZ˙1.27mmⱘ᠔᳝㡖⚍
*GET,TOPP,NDMX ! 㦋পᔧ᳔ࠡ໻ⱘ㡖⚍োˈᄬܹTOPP
!
NSEL,S,LOC,X,152.4 ! 䗝ᢽԡѢX˙152.4mm䴶Ϟⱘ᠔᳝㡖⚍
NSEL,R,LOC,Y,0.0 ! 䞡ᮄ䗝ᢽY˙0ⱘ᠔᳝㡖⚍
NSEL,R,LOC,Z, 1.27 ! 䞡ᮄ䗝ᢽZ˙1.27mmⱘ᠔᳝㡖⚍
*GET,BOTT,NDMX ! 㦋পᔧ᳔ࠡ໻ⱘ㡖⚍োˈᄬܹBOTT
!
NSEL,S,LOC,X, 152.4 ! 䗝ᢽԡѢX˙152.4mm䴶Ϟⱘ᠔᳝㡖⚍
NSEL,R,LOC,Y, 2.54 ! 䞡ᮄ䗝ᢽY˙2.54mmⱘ᠔᳝㡖⚍
NSEL,R,LOC,Z, 2.54 ! 䞡ᮄ䗝ᢽZ˙2.54mmⱘ᠔᳝㡖⚍
*GET,LFT,NDMX ! 㦋পᔧ᳔ࠡ໻ⱘ㡖⚍োˈᄬܹLFT
!
NSEL,S,LOC,X,152.4 ! 䗝ᢽԡѢX˙152.4mm䴶Ϟⱘ᠔᳝㡖⚍
NSEL,R,LOC,Y, 2.54 ! 䞡ᮄ䗝ᢽY˙2.54mmⱘ᠔᳝㡖⚍
NSEL,R,LOC,Z,.00 ! 䞡ᮄ䗝ᢽZ˙0ⱘ᠔᳝㡖⚍
*GET,RGHT,NDMX ! 㦋পᔧ᳔ࠡ໻ⱘ㡖⚍োˈᄬܹRGHT
NSEL,ALL ! 䗝ᢽ᠔᳝㒧⚍
! (27) 㒭Ϟ䴶䗝ᢽߎⱘ䖭ѯ㡖⚍ᮑࡴ⊓ⴔXᮍ৥ⱘ䕈৥㥋䕑
/COM *** APPLY LOADS TO PARAMETRIC NODE NUMBERS ***
F,RGHT,FX, 4.4483/6 ! 㒭RGHT㡖⚍ᮑࡴᘏ㥋䕑4.4483Nⱘ1/6
F,LFT,FX, 4.4483/6 ! 㒭LFT㡖⚍ᮑࡴᘏ㥋䕑4.4483Nⱘ1/6
F,TOPP,FX, 4.4483/6 ! 㒭TOPP㡖⚍ᮑࡴᘏ㥋䕑4.4483Nⱘ1/6
F,BOTT,FX, 4.4483/6 ! 㒭BOTT㡖⚍ᮑࡴᘏ㥋䕑4.4483Nⱘ1/6
F,MIDD,FX, 4.4483/3 ! 㒭MIDD㡖⚍ᮑࡴᘏ㥋䕑4.4483Nⱘ1/3
FINISH ! 䗔ߎࠡ໘⧚῵ഫPREP7
! (28) ᬍব㥋䕑ˈ㒭Ϟ䴶䗝ᢽߎⱘ䖭ѯ㡖⚍ᮑࡴ⊓ⴔYᮍ৥ⱘ䕈৥㥋䕑ˈ䞡ᮄ䅵ㅫ
/SOLU ! ࡴ䕑∖㾷῵ഫ
SOLVE ! ᓔྟ∖㾷
FDELE,ALL ! ⿏এ᠔᳝ⱘ࡯
F,RGHT,FY, 4.4483/6 ! 㒭RGHT㡖⚍ᮑࡴᘏ㥋䕑4.4483Nⱘ1/6
F,LFT,FY, 4.4483/6 ! 㒭LFT㡖⚍ᮑࡴᘏ㥋䕑4.4483Nⱘ1/6
F,TOPP,FY, 4.4483/6 ! 㒭TOPP㡖⚍ᮑࡴᘏ㥋䕑4.4483Nⱘ1/6
F,BOTT,FY, 4.4483/6 ! 㒭BOTT㡖⚍ᮑࡴᘏ㥋䕑4.4483Nⱘ1/6
F,MIDD,FY, 4.4483/3 ! 㒭MIDD㡖⚍ᮑࡴᘏ㥋䕑4.4483Nⱘ1/3
! (29) ᬍব㥋䕑ˈ㒭Ϟ䴶䗝ᢽߎⱘ䖭ѯ㡖⚍ᮑࡴ⊓ⴔZᮍ৥ⱘ䕈৥㥋䕑ˈ䞡ᮄ䅵ㅫ
SOLVE ! ᓔྟ∖㾷
FDELE,ALL ! ⿏এ᠔᳝ⱘ࡯
F,RGHT,FZ, 4.4483/6 ! 㒭RGHT㡖⚍ᮑࡴᘏ㥋䕑4.4483Nⱘ1/6
F,LFT,FZ, 4.4483/6 ! 㒭LFT㡖⚍ᮑࡴᘏ㥋䕑4.4483Nⱘ1/6
F,TOPP,FZ, 4.4483/6 ! 㒭TOPP㡖⚍ᮑࡴᘏ㥋䕑4.4483Nⱘ1/6
F,BOTT,FZ, 4.4483/6 ! 㒭BOTT㡖⚍ᮑࡴᘏ㥋䕑4.4483Nⱘ1/6
F,MIDD,FZ, 4.4483/3 ! 㒭MIDD㡖⚍ᮑࡴᘏ㥋䕑4.4483Nⱘ1/3

55
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

SOLVE ! ᓔྟ∖㾷
FINISH ! 䗔ߎ∖㾷῵ഫSOLU
! (30) ೼ৢ໘⧚῵ഫЁˈᰒ⼎ԡ⿏䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ੠⧚䆎㒧ᵰⱘ↨ؐ
/POST1 ! ࡴ䕑ৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
/COM *** USE MACRO TO PROCESS ALL 3 LOADCASES ***
! (31) ߽⫼ࠡ䴶ᅮНⱘᅣˈ໘⧚ࠡ䴶䅵ㅫⱘ3⾡㥋䕑Ꮉ‫މ‬
*USE,MAC,1,(1/7.6E-4)
SET,1,1 ! 䇏ܹ㄀1Ͼ㥋䕑ℹⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
LCSEL,S,0,0 ! 䗝ᢽ㥋䕑ℹⱘᄤ䲚
N1=NODE(152.4,0,0) ! 䗝ᢽ䎱⾏˄152.4ˈ0ˈ0˅ԡ㕂᳔䖥ⱘ㡖⚍
*GET,UX3,NODE,N1,U,X ! 㦋প㡖⚍N1ⱘXᮍ৥ⱘԡ⿏䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰUX
!
*USE,MAC,2,(1/2.4712)
SET,2,1 ! 䇏ܹ㄀2Ͼ㥋䕑ℹⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
LCSEL,S,0,0 ! 䗝ᢽ㥋䕑ℹⱘᄤ䲚
*GET,UY3,NODE,N1,U,Y ! 㦋প㡖⚍N1ⱘYᮍ৥ⱘԡ⿏䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰUY
!
*USE,MAC,3,(1/.432)
SET,3,1 ! 䇏ܹ㄀3Ͼ㥋䕑ℹⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
LCSEL,S,0,0 ! 䗝ᢽ㥋䕑ℹⱘᄤ䲚
*GET,UZ3,NODE,N1,U,Z ! 㦋প㡖⚍N1ⱘZᮍ৥ⱘԡ⿏䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰUZ
! (32) ᅮНᄫヺব䞣ˈ↨䕗⧚䆎㒧ᵰ੠᳝䰤‫ܗ‬㒧ᵰⱘ↨ؐ
*DIM,LABEL,CHAR,3,2
*DIM,VALUE,,3,3
LABEL(1,1) = 'DEFL X ','DEFL Y ','DEFL Z '
LABEL(1,2) = 'mm','mm','mm'
*VFILL,VALUE(1,1),DATA,7.6E-4,2.471,10.965
*VFILL,VALUE(1,2),DATA,UX3,UY3,UZ3
*VFILL,VALUE(1,3),DATA,ABS(UX3/(7.6E-4)),ABS(UY3/2.471),ABS(UZ3/10.965)
SAVE, TABLE_3 ! ֱᄬ᭄᥂ࠄ᭄᥂ᑧTABLE_3
FINISH ! ᥼ߎৢ໘⧚῵ഫPost1
!
! (33) ᬍবЎ20㡖⚍ಯ䴶ԧ3Dऩ‫ܗ‬SOLID147ˈ䞡ᮄ䅵ㅫ 㞖ṕ೼ッ䚼䲚Ё࡯԰⫼ϟⱘঠ৥ᔃ᳆
/CLEAR,NOSTART ! ⏙䰸᠔᭄᳝᥂, ϡࡴ䕑߱ྟ࣪᭛ӊ
/PREP7 ! ࡴ䕑ࠡ໘⧚῵ഫ
/TITLE, EX12.4(4), STRAIGHT CANTILEVER BEAM by SOLID147 ELEMENT.
smrt,off ! ݇䯁ᱎ㛑࣪ࡳ㛑
MOPT,VMESH,ALTE ! ᣛᅮԧऩ‫఼ߚߦܗ‬ЎĀЏಯ䴶ԧā
MOPT,AMESH,ALTE ! ᣛᅮ䴶ऩ‫఼ߚߦܗ‬ЎĀಯবᔶā
ANTYPE,STATIC ! ᅮНߚᵤ㉏ൟЎ䴭࡯ߚᵤ
ET,1,SOLID147 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬ЎSOLID147
MP,EX,1,69E3 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EX˙69Gpa
MP,NUXY,1,0.3 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨Ў0.3
! (34) ᅮНṕϞⱘ8Ͼ݇䬂⚍

56
 ㄀ゴṕⱘᔃ᳆䯂乬

K,1 ! ೼തᷛॳ⚍(0,0,0)ᅮН㄀1Ͼ݇䬂⚍
K,2,152.4 ! ೼˄152.4mm,0˅ᅮН㄀2Ͼ݇䬂⚍
KGEN,2,1,2,1,,5.08 ! ⫳៤2Ͼᕾ⦃ˈᣝ✻㡖⚍1ࠄ2๲䞣ᰃ1ˈᇚYതᷛ๲ࡴ5.08mm
KGEN,2,1,4,1,,,2.54 ! ⫳៤2Ͼᕾ⦃ˈᣝ✻㡖⚍1ࠄ4๲䞣ᰃ1ˈᇚZതᷛ๲ࡴ2.54mm
! (35) ᅮНϔᴵ䖍㒓ˈࠊᅮ䖭ᴵ㒓ߦߚऩ‫ⱘܗ‬Ͼ᭄੠ϔ㠀ऩ‫ⱘܗ‬ሎᇌ
L,1,2 ! 䖛݇䬂⚍1,2ᅮНⳈ㒓
LESIZE,ALL,,,10 ! ᅮН᠔᳝Ⳉ㒓ⱘߦߚ↉᭄Ў10↉
ESIZE, 25.4 ! ᅮН咬䅸ⱘऩ‫ܗ‬ሎᇌЎ25.4
V,1,2,4,3,5,6,8,7 ! ⫼݇䬂⚍1,2,4,3,5,6,8,7 ᅮНԧ
VMESH,1 ! ᠻ㸠ԧऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬᪡԰
! (36) 䗝ᢽᎺջ៾䴶໘ⱘ᠔᳝㡖⚍ˈᑊ೎ᅮ䖭ѯ㡖⚍DŽ೼েջⱘ᠔᳝㡖⚍Ϟᮑࡴ䲚Ё࡯
NSEL,S,LOC,X,0 ! 䗝ᢽԡѢX=0ԡ㕂ⱘ᠔᳝㡖⚍
D,ALL,ALL ! 㑺ᴳᎺッⱘԡ⿏
NSEL,ALL ! 䗝ᢽ᠔᳝㒧⚍
FK,2,FX,4.4483/4 ! ᮑࡴ䕈৥࡯4.4483Nⱘ1/4
*REPEAT,4,2 ! ᇚࠡ䴶ⱘੑҸᠻ㸠4⃵ˈ↣⃵᪡԰ᇍ䈵㓪ো๲ࡴ2ˈेᅠ៤ᇍ2ˈ4ˈ6੠8ো݇䬂⚍
ⱘ㥋䕑ⱘᅮН
NOORDER ! ᣝॳྟⱘऩ‫⃵ܗ‬ᑣᇍऩ‫ܗ‬ᥦᑣ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎࠡ໘⧚῵ഫPREP7
! (37) ∖㾷೼㞾⬅ッᢝ࡯԰⫼ϟ 㞖ṕⱘবᔶˈЏ㽕ᰃᢝय़বᔶ
/SOLU ! ࡴ䕑∖㾷῵ഫ
SOLVE ! ᓔྟ∖㾷
FKDELE,ALL,FX ! ߴ䰸䕈৥࡯
FK,2,FY,1.1121 ! ᮑࡴ䴶‫ݙ‬㥋䕑
*REPEAT,4,2 ! 䞡໡ҹϞੑҸ4⃵
SOLVE ! ᓔྟ∖㾷
FKDELE,ALL,FY ! ߴ䰸䴶‫ݙ‬㥋䕑
FK,2,FZ, 1.1121 ! ᮑࡴ䴶໪㥋䕑
*REPEAT,4,2 ! 䞡໡ҹϞੑҸ4⃵
SOLVE ! ᓔྟ∖㾷
FINISH ! 䗔ߎ∖㾷῵ഫSOLU
! (38) ೼ৢ໘⧚῵ഫЁˈ߫㸼ᰒ⼎᳝䰤‫ܗ‬䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ੠⧚䆎㾷ⱘᏂ߿
/POST1 ! ࡴ䕑ৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
CSYS,0
! (39) ᅮНᅣ⿟ᑣˈᅠ៤㞾⬅ッԡ⿏䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰⱘ໘⧚
*CREATE,MAC ! ᅮНᅣ⿟ᑣˈ䅵ㅫ䖭ѯ㒧ᵰП䯈ⱘᏂ߿
SET,ARG1,1 ! ᅮНখ᭄ARG1˙1
LCDEF,ARG1,ARG1 ! ෎Ѣ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰᅮН㥋䕑Ꮉ‫މ‬
NSEL,S,LOC,X,152.4 ! 䗝ᢽṕেッⱘ᠔᳝㒧⚍
PRNSOL,U,COMP ! ᠧॄԡ⿏㒧ᵰঞ݊㡖⚍ԡ⿏ⱘⶶ䞣੠
LCFACT,ARG1,ARG2 ! ᇚ㓽ᬒ಴ᄤ "ARG2" ᑨ⫼㒭㥋䕑Ꮉ‫މ‬1
LCASE,ARG1 ! ᇚ㥋䕑Ꮉ‫މ‬1䇏ܹࠄ᭄᥂ᑧ
PRNSOL,U,COMP ! ᠧॄԡ⿏㒧ᵰঞ݊㡖⚍ԡ⿏ⱘⶶ䞣੠
*END ! 㒧ᴳᅣ⿟ᑣⱘᅮН

57
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

! (40) Փ⫼Ϟ䴶ᅮНⱘᅣ⿟ᑣ໘⧚᠔᳝ⱘ3ϾᎹ‫މ‬
/COM *** USE MACRO TO PROCESS ALL 3 LOADCASES ***
*USE,MAC,1,(1/7.6E-4) ! Փ⫼ᅣMACˈՓ⫼খ᭄1,(1/7.6E-4)
SET,1,1 ! 䇏ܹ㄀1Ͼ㥋䕑ℹⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
LCSEL,S,0,0 ! 䗝ᢽ㥋䕑ℹⱘᄤ䲚
N1=NODE(152.4 , 0, 0) ! 䗝ᢽ䎱⾏(152.4 , 0, 0)ԡ㕂᳔䖥ⱘ㡖⚍ˈੑৡЎN1
*GET,UX1,NODE,N1,U,X ! 㦋প㡖⚍N1ⱘԡ⿏UX
! (41) ᦤপ㄀Ѡℹ㒧ᵰ
*USE,MAC,2,(1/2.4712) ! Փ⫼ᅣMACˈՓ⫼খ᭄2,(1/2.4712)
SET,2,1 ! 䇏ܹ㄀2Ͼ㥋䕑ℹⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
LCSEL,S,0,0 ! 䗝ᢽ㥋䕑ℹⱘᄤ䲚
*GET,UY1,NODE,N1,U,Y ! 㦋প㡖⚍N1ⱘԡ⿏UY
! (42) ᦤপ㄀3ℹ㒧ᵰ
*USE,MAC,3,(1/10.9646) ! Փ⫼ᅣMACˈՓ⫼খ᭄3,(1/10.9646)
SET,3,1 ! 䇏ܹ㄀3Ͼ㥋䕑ℹⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
LCSEL,S,0,0 ! 䗝ᢽ㥋䕑ℹⱘᄤ䲚
*GET,UZ1,NODE,N1,U,Z ! 㦋প㡖⚍N1ⱘԡ⿏UZ
! (43) ᅮНᄫヺІব䞣੠Ⳍᑨⱘ⧚䆎䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
*DIM,LABEL,CHAR,3,2
*DIM,VALUE,,3,3
LABEL(1,1) = 'DEFL X ','DEFL Y ','DEFL Z '
LABEL(1,2) = 'mm','mm','mm'
*VFILL,VALUE(1,1),DATA,7.6E-4,2.471,10.965
*VFILL,VALUE(1,2),DATA,UX1,UY1,UZ1
*VFILL,VALUE(1,3),DATA,ABS(UX1/(7.6E-4)),ABS(UY1/2.471),ABS(UZ1/10.965)
SAVE, TABLE_4 ! ֱᄬ᭄᥂ࠄ᭄᥂ᑧTABLE_4
! (44) Ң㄀1Ͼ㸼Ёᘶ໡᭄᥂ˈ㒬ࠊऩ‫ܗ‬ᑨ࡯ѥ೒
RESUME,TABLE_1 ! Ң㄀1Ͼ㸼Ёᘶ໡᭄᥂
/COM *** CLIPPED AND CAPPED DISPLAY OF STRESS CONTOURS ***
NSEL,ALL ! 䗝ᢽ᠔᳝㒧⚍
/VIEW,1,2,1,1 ! 䆒㕂㾖ᆳᮍ৥ЎҢ˄2,1,1˅ᣛ৥ॳ⚍
EPLOT ! 㒬ࠊऩ‫ܗ‬೒
/TYPE,1,CAP ! ᰒ⼎ṕⱘࠪ䴶೒
/DIST,1,5.08 ! 䆒㕂㾖ᆳ䎱⾏Ў5.08↿㉇
/FOCUS,1,.3,.15,.09 ! 䆒㕂៾ᓔ៾䴶ⱘԡ㕂
/Auto ! ҹ᳔Շ↨՟ᰒ⼎
PLNSOL,S,X ! ᰒ⼎Xᮍ৥ⱘℷᑨ࡯
! (45) ᔶ៤䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ᭛ᴀ᭛ӊ
/COM
/OUT, EX2_4, out ! ᇚ䕧ߎ‫ݙ‬ᆍ䞡ᅮ৥ࠄ᭛ӊEX2_4.out
/COM,------------------- EX2.4 RESULTS COMPARISON ------------
/COM,
/COM, TARGET | ANSYS | RATIO
/COM, SOLID5

58
 ㄀ゴṕⱘᔃ᳆䯂乬

/COM,
*VWRITE,LABEL(1,1),LABEL(1,2),VALUE(1,1),VALUE(1,2),VALUE(1,3)
(1X,A8,A8,' ',F11.6,' ',F11.6,' ',1F6.3)
/NOPR
RESUME,TABLE_2 ! Ң㄀2Ͼ᭛ӊᘶ໡᭄᥂
/GOPR
/COM,
/COM, SOLID92
/COM,
*VWRITE,LABEL(1,1),LABEL(1,2),VALUE(1,1),VALUE(1,2),VALUE(1,3)
(1X,A8,A8,' ',F11.6,' ',F11.6,' ',1F6.3)
/NOPR
RESUME,TABLE_3 ! Ң㄀3Ͼ᭛ӊᘶ໡᭄᥂
/GOPR
/COM,
/COM, SOLID98
/COM,
*VWRITE,LABEL(1,1),LABEL(1,2),VALUE(1,1),VALUE(1,2),VALUE(1,3)
(1X,A8,A8,' ',F11.6,' ',F11.6,' ',1F6.3)
/NOPR
RESUME,TABLE_4 ! Ң㄀4Ͼ᭛ӊᘶ໡᭄᥂
/GOPR
/COM
/COM, SOLID147
/COM,
*VWRITE,LABEL(1,1),LABEL(1,2),VALUE(1,1),VALUE(1,2),VALUE(1,3)
(1X,A8,A8,' ',F11.6,' ',F11.6,' ',1F6.3)
/COM,---------------------------------------------------- -
/OUT ! 㒧ᴳ᭄᥂䞡ᅮ৥ˈ݇䯁䕧ߎ᭛ӊ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
! (46) ߴ䰸ᅣ᭛ӊˈЈᯊ㸼᭛ӊTABLE_ˆ
/DELETE,MAC
/DELETE,TABLE_1
/DELETE,TABLE_2
/DELETE,TABLE_3
/DELETE,TABLE_4
*LIST, EX2_4, out ! ߫㸼ᰒ⼎᭛ӊEX2_4.out‫ݙ‬ᆍ

4ˊ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ੠䅼䆎

㒣䖛ҹϞ⿟ᑣⱘ䅵ㅫˈᕫࠄњབ㸼2.3᠔⼎ⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰDŽҢ㸼Ёৃҹⳟߎˈ৘⾡ऩ‫ܗ‬㒭
ⱘ㒧ᵰП䯈Ꮒ߿ϡ໻ˈ㗠Ϩ੠⧚䆎㾷ⱘᏂᓖᕜᇣDŽ䇈ᯢ䖭ѯऩ‫ܗ‬೼䅵ㅫṕⱘᔃ᳆䯂乬ᯊˈ
ेՓऩ‫ܗ‬᭄ⳂᕜᇥˈԚᰃԡ⿏䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰҡ✊‫݋‬᳝ᕜདⱘ㊒ᑺDŽ

59
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

㸼2.3 ϡৠऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟ䅵ㅫⱘⶽᔶ៾䴶 㞖ṕⱘঠ৥ᔃ᳆বᔶ㒧ᵰ↨䕗
SOLID5ऩ‫ܗ‬ ⧚ 䆎 ؐ Ansysؐ ↨ ؐ
䕈৥বᔶDEFLX (mm) 0.000760 0.000756 0.994
オ৥ᣴᑺDEFLY (mm) 2.471200 2.711464 1.097
∈ᑇᣴᑺDEFLZ (mm) 10.964600 10.800583 0.985
SOLID92ऩ‫ܗ‬ ⧚䆎ؐ Ansysؐ ↨ؐ
䕈৥বᔶDEFLX (mm) 0.000760 0.000757 0.996
オ৥ᣴᑺDEFLY (mm) 2.471200 2.708628 1.096
∈ᑇᣴᑺDEFLZ (mm) 10.964600 10.800313 0.985
SOLID98ऩ‫ܗ‬ ⧚䆎ؐ Ansysؐ ↨ؐ
䕈৥বᔶDEFLX (mm) 0.000760 0.000757 0.996
オ৥ᣴᑺDEFLY (mm) 2.471200 2.708628 1.096
∈ᑇᣴᑺDEFLZ (mm) 10.964600 10.800313 0.985
SOLID147ऩ‫ܗ‬ ⧚䆎ؐ Ansysؐ ↨ؐ
䕈৥বᔶDEFLX (mm) 0.000760 0.000770 1.013
オ৥ᣴᑺDEFLY (mm) 2.471200 2.715554 1.099
∈ᑇᣴᑺDEFLZ (mm) 10.964600 10.778112 0.983

2.5 ೚ᔶ៾䴶 㞖ᴚⱘᔃᡁ㒘ড়বᔶ
᳝ϔḍ䭓ᑺl=7.62mⱘᅲᖗ೚៾䴶Ⳉᴚˈϔッ೎ᅮ೼∈ᑇ䴶Ϟˈ঺ϔッ԰⫼᳝䎱⾏ᴚӊ
䕈㒓ൖⳈ䎱⾏d=914mmⱘ∈ᑇ䲚Ё࡯F˙1112 N˄བ೒2.30᠔⼎˅ˈ䆩߽⫼Ⳉㅵऩ‫ܗ‬PIPE16
⹂ᅮᴚӊ‫ݙ‬䚼ѻ⫳ⱘ᳔໻ᢝᑨ࡯s max੠᳔໻࠾ᑨ࡯t maxDŽᏆⶹᔍᗻ῵䞣E=207GPaˈ⊞ᵒ↨
3
NUXY=0.3ˈᡫᔃ៾䴶῵䞣W=I/r=164cm DŽ

d = 914mm
F = 112N

F = 112N

l = 762m Y
d =914mm

X
Y
X

೒2.30 ೚៾䴶Ⳉᴚⱘᔃᡁ㒘ড়বᔶ䅵ㅫ῵ൟ೒ ೒2.31 ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬㡖⚍੠ऩ‫ܗ‬Ꮧ㕂

1ˊ⧚䆎㾷

ḍ᥂៾䴶῵䞣ৃҹ᥼ㅫߎ៾䴶ⱘञᕘЎ59.327mm੠៾䴶䴶⿃11057.4mm2 DŽ೼ᴚӊⱘᭈ
Ͼ䭓ᑺ㣗ೈ‫ˈݙ‬ᔃⶽؐ೼೎ᅮッ໘᳔໻ˈ࠾࡯੠ᡁⶽ᠔᳝៾䴶Ⳍㄝˈे˖
Mmax=Fl=1112× 7.62=8473.44Ngm
Qmax=F=1112N

60
 ㄀ゴṕⱘᔃ᳆䯂乬

Nn =Fd=1112× 0914=1016.368Ngm
ḍ᥂᭛⤂[3]:229ˈᔃ᳆ᓩ䍋ⱘ᳔໻ᢝᑨ࡯Ў˖
M max 8473. 44
s max= = =51.448MPa
Wz 164 × 10 −6
࠾࡯੠ᡁⶽᓩ䍋ⱘ᳔໻࠾ᑨ࡯ߚ߿Ў˖
3Q max
t max= =1.5× 1112/11057.4=0.151NMPa
2A
Mn 1016.368
t max= = =3.1MPa
Wp 2 ×164 × 10 −6
೼೎ᅮッ໘ⱘ᳔໪࠾࡯ᓩ䍋ⱘ᳔໻࠾ᑨ࡯੠ᡁⶽᓩ䍋ⱘ᳔໻࠾ᑨ࡯ড়៤Ў3.251MPa
ⱘᘏ࠾ᑨ࡯DŽ᠔ҹॅ䰽⚍ԡ㕂໘ⱘᑨ࡯⢊ᗕᰃᢝᑨ࡯51.448MPaˈ࠾ᑨ࡯3.251MPaˈḍ᥂
Ѡ৥ᑨ࡯⢊ᗕⱘ᳔໻ᑨ࡯ড়៤݀ᓣ˷12˹ˈᕫ᳔໻ᢝᑨ࡯Ў˖
2 2
σ ⎛σ ⎞ 51.448 ⎛ 51.448 ⎞
σ1 = max + ⎜ max ⎟ + τ max 2 = + ⎜ ⎟ + 3.2512 = 51.653MPa
2 ⎝ 2 ⎠ 2 ⎝ 2 ⎠
᳔໻࠾ᑨ࡯Ў˖
2 2
⎛σ ⎞ ⎛ 51.448 ⎞
τ max = ⎜ max ⎟ + τ max 2 = ⎜ ⎟ + 3.2512 = 25.93MPa
⎝ 2 ⎠ ⎝ 2 ⎠

2ˊANSYSߚᵤ

೼ᴚӊⱘϸッ䆒㕂ϸϾ㡖⚍ˈЁ䯈Փ⫼Ⳉㅵऩ‫ܗ‬PIPE16䖲᥹ˈᣝ✻೒2.31᠔⼎೼1ো㡖
⚍ᮑࡴԡ⿏೎ᅮⱘ㑺ᴳˈᇚ2ো㡖⚍໘ⱘ‫أ‬ᖗ㥋䕑ㄝᬜЎϔϾ䲚Ё࡯੠ϔϾ䲚Ё࡯‫ي‬DŽ
߽⫼㡖⚍੠ऩ‫᥹Ⳉⱘܗ‬ᓎ῵ᮍ⊩ˈᣝ✻ϟ䴶ℹ偸ᅠ៤ᭈϾߚᵤ䖛⿟DŽ
(1) Շ࿌ٝё༪ົē‫ד‬๥फ໸cӦ၍फ໸ۤಬШ೴cϫॸϵ೴ԉd
⫼“/PREP7”ࡴ䕑ࠡ໘⧚῵ഫDŽ⫼ߚᵤ㉏ൟᅮНੑҸĀANTYPE,STATICāᅮНߚᵤ㉏
ൟЎ䴭࡯ߚᵤDŽ⫼ऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟᅮНੑҸĀET,1,PIPE16āᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬Ўϝ㓈Ⳉㅵऩ‫ܗ‬PIPE16DŽ
⫼ᅲᐌ᭄ᅮНੑҸĀR,1,118.62,59.31āᅮН㄀1㉏ᅲᐌ᭄,೚ㅵⱘ໪Ⳉᕘ 118.62mm ˈຕ८
59.31mmDŽ⫼ᴤ᭭খ᭄ᅮНੑҸĀMP,EX,1,207E3āᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣ЎEX=207E3
N/mm^2DŽ⫼ĀMP,NUXY,1,0.3āᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨NUXY=0.3DŽ
(2) Շ࿌ࠋԤสᄢۤӦ၍ॕࠄd
⫼㡖⚍ԡ㕂ᅮНੑҸĀN,1ā೼തᷛॳ⚍˄0ˈ0ˈ0˅ᅮН㄀1ো㡖⚍ˈ䖭䞠Ā0āؐᏆ
㹿ⳕ⬹ˈ⫼ĀN,2,,,7620ā೼˄0ˈ0ˈ7620mm˅ԡ㕂ᅮН㄀2ো㡖⚍ˈĀ0āؐг㹿ⳕ⬹DŽ
⫼ऩ‫ܗ‬ᅮНੑҸĀE,1,2ā䖛㡖⚍1ˈ2ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ
(3) Շ࿌สྭၟ೯ۤ۠ၻd
⫼ԡ⿏㑺ᴳᅮНੑҸĀD,1,ALLā೎ᅮ1ো㡖⚍ⱘ᠔᳝㞾⬅ᑺˈ⫼㡖⚍㥋䕑ᅮНੑҸ
ĀF,2,MZ,1112*914āᅮН԰⫼೼2ো㡖⚍ⱘ㒩Z䕈໻ᇣЎM=Fd=1112*914 N·mmⱘ࡯‫ي‬DŽ⫼
ĀF,2,FX, 1112āᅮН԰⫼೼2ো㡖⚍ⱘ⊓ⴔX䕈໻ᇣЎ1112Nⱘ࡯DŽᅮНᅠ៤ⱘ䅵ㅫ῵ൟབ
೒2.32᠔⼎DŽ

61
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

೒2.32 ೚ᔶ៾䴶 㞖ᴚⱘᔃᡁ㒘ড়বᔶⱘ䅵ㅫ῵ൟ

(4) ࠩదௐࠓ੦ࣖ/SOLUTIONēಁᄢௐࠓ༪ົ‫܊‬ēࢗಳௐࠓd
⫼Ā/SOLUāࡴ䕑∖㾷῵ഫDŽ⫼䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ䕧ߎ䆒㕂ੑҸĀOUTPR,BASIC,1āᅮНা䕧
ߎ㄀1Ͼ㥋䕑ℹⱘ෎ᴀ㒧ᵰ˄㡖⚍㒧ᵰˈ㡖⚍ড࡯੠ऩ‫ܗ‬㒧ᵰ˅DŽ⫼ĀSOLVEāੑҸᓔྟ
∖㾷DŽ
(5) ࠩదྡྷ͎‫҉܊‬स੦ࣖēՇ࿌Ӧ၍ζēඹ‫ڶ‬Ӧ၍ζඔ௜࿫ॏ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ڴ‬d
⫼Ā/POST1ā䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫDŽ⫼ऩ‫ܗ‬㸼ᅮНੑҸĀETABLE,P_STRS,NMISC,86ā
ҹ᳔໻ᢝᑨ࡯S1˄NMISC,86˅Ў‫ݙ‬ᆍˈᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬㸼P_STRSDŽ⫼ऩ‫ܗ‬㸼ᅮНੑҸĀETABLE,
SHR, NMISC,88āҹ᳔໻࠾ᑨ࡯SINTMX˄NMISC,88˅Ў‫ݙ‬ᆍˈᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬㸼SHRDŽ⊼ᛣ˖
䖭䞠ⱘ᳔໻࠾ᑨ࡯SINTMXᰃϔ㠀ᴤ᭭࡯ᄺЁⱘ᳔໻࠾ᑨ࡯ⱘ2‫ס‬DŽ⫼ᦤপ㒧ᵰੑҸĀ*GET,
P_STRSS, ELEM, 1,ETAB,P_STRSāҢऩ‫ܗ‬㸼P_STRSЁᦤপऩ‫ܗ‬1ⱘ᳔໻ᑨ࡯ˈᄬܹব䞣
P_STRSSDŽ⫼Ā*GET,SHEAR,ELEM,1,ETAB,SHRāҢऩ‫ܗ‬㸼SHRЁᦤপऩ‫ܗ‬1ⱘ᳔໻ᑨ࡯ˈ
ᄬܹব䞣SHEARDŽ߽⫼GUI⬠䴶ϞⱘĀUtility Menu -> Parameters -> Scale Parameters …āᠧ
ᓔব䞣ᅮНᰒ⼎にষˈৃҹⳟࠄᰒ⼎䖭ѯব䞣ⱘؐⱘにষ˄བ೒2.33᠔⼎˅DŽ

೒2.33 ೚ᔶ៾䴶 㞖ᴚⱘᔃᡁ㒘ড়বᔶⱘᑨ࡯䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ

62
 ㄀ゴṕⱘᔃ᳆䯂乬

(6) Շ࿌೴ᆦēಓю‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ڴ‬έ२ēω೛ѻӾำ·ำߑd

3ˊANSYS⿟ᑣ

FINISH
/CLEAR, NOSTART ! ⏙䰸᭄᥂,ϡࡴ䕑߱ྟ࣪᭛ӊ
/FileName, EX2.5 ! ᅮН᭛ӊৡ⿄
! (1) ᅮНᎹ⿟䗝乍,ߚᵤ㉏ൟЎ䴭࡯˄STATIC˅ߚᵤ,ᅮНऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟ੠ᅲᐌ᭄ǃᴤ᭭খ᭄ㄝ
/PREP7 ! ࡴ䕑ࠡ໘⧚῵ഫ
/TITLE, EX2.5, COMBINED BENDING AND TORSION OF PIPE WITH PIPE16 ELEMENT
C*** STR. OF MATL., TIMOSHENKO, PART 1, 3RD ED., PAGE 299, PROB. 2
ANTYPE,STATIC ! ᅮНߚᵤ㉏ൟЎ䴭࡯ߚᵤ
ET,1,PIPE16 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬Ўϝ㓈Ⳉㅵऩ‫ܗ‬PIPE16
R,1,118.62,59.31 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᅲᐌ᭄, ೚ㅵⱘ໪Ⳉᕘ118.62 mm,ຕ८59.31 mm
MP,EX,1,207E3 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EX=207E3 N/mm^2
MP,NUXY,1,0.3 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨ NUXY=0.3
! (2) ᅮН㡖⚍ԡ㕂੠ऩ‫ܗ‬䖲᥹
/VIEW,1,1,1,1 ! ߛᤶ㾚⚍ࠄㄝ䕈⌟ԡ㕂
N,1 ! ೼തᷛॳ⚍˄0,0,0˅ᅮН㄀1ো㡖⚍,䖭䞠Ā0āؐ㹿ⳕ⬹
N,2,,,7620 ! ೼˄0,0,7620mm˅ԡ㕂ᅮН㄀2ো㡖⚍,Ā0āؐ㹿ⳕ⬹
E,1,2 ! 䖛㡖⚍1,2ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬
! (3) ᅮНԡ⿏㑺ᴳ੠㥋䕑
D,1,ALL ! ೎ᅮ1ো㡖⚍ⱘ᠔᳝㞾⬅ᑺ
F,2,MZ,1112*914 ! ᅮН԰⫼೼2ো㡖⚍ⱘ㒩Z䕈໻ᇣЎM=Fd=1112*914 N.mmⱘ࡯‫ي‬
F,2,FX,-1112 ! ᅮН԰⫼೼2ো㡖⚍ⱘ⊓ⴔX䕈໻ᇣЎ1112Nⱘ࡯
FINISH ! 䗔ߎࠡ໘⧚῵ഫPREP7
! (4) 䖯ܹ∖㾷῵ഫ/SOLUTION,䆒㕂∖㾷䗝乍ৢ,ᓔྟ∖㾷
/SOLU ! ࡴ䕑∖㾷῵ഫ
OUTPR,BASIC,1 ! ᅮНা䕧ߎ㄀1Ͼ㥋䕑ℹⱘ෎ᴀ㒧ᵰ˄㡖⚍㒧ᵰ,㡖⚍ড࡯੠ऩ‫ܗ‬㒧ᵰ˅
SOLVE ! ᓔྟ∖㾷
FINISH ! 䗔ߎ∖㾷῵ഫSOLUTION
! (5) 䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫ,ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬㸼,䗮䖛ऩ‫ܗ‬㸼ᦤপᑨ࡯䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
/POST1 ! 䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
ETABLE,P_STRS,NMISC,86 ! ҹ᳔໻ᢝᑨ࡯S1˄NMISC,86˅Ў‫ݙ‬ᆍ,ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬㸼P_STRS
ETABLE,SHR,NMISC,88 ! ҹ᳔໻࠾ᑨ࡯SINTMX˄NMISC,88˅Ў‫ݙ‬ᆍ,ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬㸼SHR
*GET,P_STRSS,ELEM,1,ETAB,P_STRS ! Ңऩ‫ܗ‬㸼 P_STRSЁᦤপऩ‫ ܗ‬1ⱘ᳔໻ᑨ࡯ ,ᄬܹব䞣
P_STRSSDŽ
*GET,SHEAR,ELEM,1,ETAB,SHR ! Ңऩ‫ܗ‬㸼SHRЁᦤপऩ‫ܗ‬1ⱘ᳔໻ᑨ࡯,ᄬܹব䞣SHEAR
! (6) ᅮН᭄㒘ˈ⫳៤䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰব䞣,ᑊ䕧ߎࠄ᭛ᴀ᭛ӊ
*DIM,LABEL,CHAR,2,2 ! ᅮН2ˆ2ⱘᄫヺൟ᭄㒘LABEL
*DIM,VALUE,,2,3 ! ᅮН2ˆ3ⱘ᭄ؐൟ᭄㒘VALUE
LABEL(1,1) = 'MAX PRIN ','MAX SH S' ! 㒭᭄㒘LABEL㄀1߫䌟ؐ
LABEL(1,2) = 'STRS MPa',' TRS MPa ' ! 㒭᭄㒘LABEL㄀2߫䌟ؐ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,1),DATA,51.653,25.93 ! 㒭᭄㒘VALUE㄀1߫䌟⧚䆎ؐ

63
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

*VFILL,VALUE(1,2),DATA,P_STRSS,(SHEAR/2) ! 㒭᭄㒘VALUE㄀2߫䌟䅵ㅫؐ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,3),DATA,ABS(P_STRSS/51.653 ) ,ABS((SHEAR/2)/25.93 ) ! 䅵ㅫؐϢ
⧚䆎ؐⱘ↨ؐ
/COM
/OUT, EX2_5, out ! ᇚ䕧ߎ‫ݙ‬ᆍ䞡ᅮ৥ࠄ᭛ӊEX2_5.out
/COM,------------------- EX2.5 RESULTS COMPARISON ----------------
/COM,
/COM, | TARGET | ANSYS | RATIO
/COM,
*VWRITE,LABEL(1,1),LABEL(1,2),VALUE(1,1),VALUE(1,2),VALUE(1,3)
(1X,A8,A8,' ',F10.3,' ',F10.3,' ',1F5.3)
/COM,-----------------------------------------------------------------
/OUT ! 㒧ᴳ᭄᥂䞡ᅮ৥,݇䯁䕧ߎ᭛ӊ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
*LIST, EX2_5, out ! ߫㸼ᰒ⼎᭛ӊEX2_5.outⱘ‫ݙ‬ᆍ

4ˊ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰঞ䅼䆎

߽⫼Ϟ䴶ᦤկⱘ⿟ᑣˈᕫࠄབ㸼2.4᠔⼎ⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰˈ੠⧚䆎㒧ᵰⳌ↨ˈ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ‫݋‬᳝
䴲ᐌ催ⱘ‫⹂ޚ‬ᑺDŽ䇈ᯢⳈㅵऩ‫ܗ‬೼䅵ㅫ‫݋‬᳝㒘ড়বᔶ⡍ᕕⱘᵘӊᯊˈϡҙ䅵ㅫㅔऩˈ㗠Ϩ
㒧ᵰৃ䴴DŽ䳔㽕⊼ᛣⱘᰃ˖ऩ‫ܗ‬㸼Ёⱘ࠾ᑨ࡯䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰᰃ᱂䗮࠾ᑨ࡯ⱘϸ‫ס‬DŽ
㸼2.4 ೚ᔶ៾䴶 㞖ᴚⱘᔃᡁ㒘ড়বᔶ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ੠⧚䆎䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰⱘᇍ↨
᳔ ໻ ᑨ ࡯ ⧚ 䆎 ؐ Ansysؐ ↨ ؐ
᳔໻ᢝᑨ࡯˄MPa˅ 51.653 51.897 1.005
᳔໻࠾ᑨ࡯˄MPa˅ 25.930 26.041 1.004

2.6  㞖ㄝᔎᑺṕⱘᔃ᳆
८ᑺЎt=12.7mmˈ䭓ᑺЎL=508mmⱘϝ㾦ᔶㄝᔎᑺṕˈ೎ᅮッ໘ⱘᆑᑺЎd=76.2mmˈ
೼㞾⬅ッফࠄ䲚Ё࡯F=44.483Nⱘ԰⫼˄བ೒2.34᠔⼎˅DŽᔍᗻ῵䞣প207GPaˈᶣᵒ↨প0ˈ
䆩ߚ߿Փ⫼ϝ㓈䴲ᇍ⿄䫹ᔶṕऩ‫ܗ‬BEAM44੠ಯ䖍ᔶ໇ऩ‫ܗ‬SHELL63ߚ߿䅵ㅫッ䚼ⱘᣴᑺ
੠ṕ‫ⱘݙ‬᳔໻ᢝᑨ࡯DŽ

೒2.34  㞖ㄝᔎᑺṕⱘ䅵ㅫ῵ൟ⼎ᛣ೒

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 ㄀ゴṕⱘᔃ᳆䯂乬

1ˊ⧚䆎㾷

ᇍѢབ೒᠔⼎ⱘṕ៾䴶ˈᡫᔃᛃᗻⶽ˖
b( x) h 3 x d h3 ˈ ˄ 0 ≤ x ≤ L ˅
I z ( x) = =
12 12L
ᔃⶽᮍ⿟˖
M ( x) = F x , (0 ≤ x ≤ L )
ӏᛣԡ㕂៾䴶ⱘϞϟ䖍㓬᳔໻ᑨ࡯Ў:
M ( x) h Fxh 6 FL
σ max (x ) = = 3
= 2
2 I z ( x ) 2 xah /(12 L) ah
ৃ㾕᠔᳝៾䴶Ϟⱘ᳔໻ᑨ࡯ؐЎᐌ᭄ˈ䖭⾡៾䴶ᔶᓣⱘ 㞖ṕᰃϔ⾡ㄝᔎᑺṕDŽ⬅Ѣ
Ϟϟ䖍㓬ⱘ᳔໻ᑨ࡯ϡ䱣៾䴶ⱘԡ㕂ব࣪ˈ಴㗠᠔᳝៾䴶ⱘϞϟ䖍㓬ⱘᑨবгϡ䱣៾䴶ԡ
㕂ব࣪ˈ᠔ҹᭈϾṕⱘᇍ⿄䕈೼ᔃ᳆ৢᔶ៤ϔϾㄝ᳆⥛ⱘবᔶ᳆㒓DŽᬙッ⚍ᣴᑺৃҹ䖥Ԑ
ഄᣝϟᓣ䅵ㅫ˄㾕[7]:114੠[3]:211˅˖
FL3 6 FL3
ymax = =
2 EI 0 Eah3
ҷ᭄ܹؐˈᕫ˖
6 FL 6 × 44.483 × 508
σ max ( x) = = = 11.032MPa
t 2d 12.7 2 × 76.2
6 FL3 6 × 44.483 × 5083
ymax = = = 1.083mm
E t3 d 207 × 103 × 12.73 × 76.2

2ˊANSYSߚᵤ

(1) ॆဈങΨ໹ࢴ඘Ӧ၍Shell63d
ᴀᴹ໇ऩ‫ܗ‬SHELL63ᰃಯ㡖⚍ऩ‫ˈܗ‬䖭䞠Փ⫼䗔࣪ⱘϝ㾦ᔶᔶᓣⱘऩ‫ˈܗ‬ᑊՓ⫼㡖⚍
ⱘ㗺ড়㞾⬅ᑺᴹֱ䆕῵ൟⱘᇍ⿄বᔶDŽ㡖⚍੠ऩ‫ܗ‬Ꮧ㕂བ೒ 2.35 ᠔⼎ˈ᠔᳝໇ऩ‫ܗ‬८ᑺ
ⳌㄝDŽ

೒2.35 ⫼໇ऩ‫ܗ‬SHELL63䅵ㅫ 㞖ㄝᔎᑺṕⱘᔃ᳆বᔶ

ď2Đ ॆဈׄճыᅳ໹ॣӦ၍BEAM44d
ᔧ߽⫼ṕऩ‫ܗ‬䅵ㅫᯊˈ䳔㽕ᅮН㡖⚍12ᴹᅮН῾៾䴶ⱘЏ䕈DŽ঺໪↣Ͼऩ‫ܗ‬ϸッⱘᡫ
ᔃ᳆ᛃᗻⶽ㒓ᗻব࣪ˈ䳔㽕ᅮНϸッⱘؐDŽᔧߦߚЎ10Ͼऩ‫ܗ‬ᯊ˄೒2.36˅ˈ↣Ͼऩ‫ⱘܗ‬

65
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

䍋ྟッᆑᑺЎ (i − 1)* b /10 ˈ㒜ℶッ i * b /10 ˈ᠔ҹϸッⱘᡫᔃᛃᗻⶽߚ߿Ў˖

(i − 1)* b /10* t 3 /12 = (i − 1)bt 3 /120 ੠ i * b /10* t 3 /12 = ibt 3 /120

೒2.36 ⫼ϝ㓈䴲ᇍ⿄䫹ᔶṕऩ‫ܗ‬BEAM44䅵ㅫ 㞖ㄝᔎᑺṕⱘᔃ᳆বᔶ

⬅Ѣ䆹 㞖ṕЏ㽕೼㒩Y䕈ⱘᮍ৥ᡓফᔃ᳆বᔶˈ᠔ҹা䳔㽕ᅮН㒩Y䕈ᔃ᳆ⱘᅲᐌ᭄
Ўᅲ䰙ؐˈ݊Ҫᮍ৥ⱘ޴ԩখ᭄ৃҹপ1DŽे䆹ṕⱘᅲᐌ᭄ৃҹᅮНϸッⱘؐ˖䍋ྟッ῾៾
䴶 䴶 ⿃ AREA1=1 ˈ 㒩 Z 䕈 ⱘ ᡫ ᔃ ᛃ ᗻ ⶽ IZ1=1 ˈ 㒩 Y 䕈 ᡫ ᔃ ᛃ ᗻ ⶽ IY1=(I-1)*76.2*
12.7*12.7*12.7/120ˈЁᗻ䕈ⱘ催ᑺTKZB1=12.7/2=6.35mm, TKYB1=1mmˈ㒩X䕈ⱘᡁ䕀ᛃ
ᗻⶽIX1প䳊DŽ⫼ĀRMOREāᅮН঺ϔッ䴶⿃AREA2=1ˈ㒩Z䕈ᡫᔃᛃᗻⶽIZ2=1ˈ㒩Y䕈
ᡫᔃᛃᗻⶽIY2=I*76.2*12.7*12.7*12.7/120ˈЁᗻ䕈催ᑺTKZB2=6.35mm, TKZB2=1mmDŽϟ
䴶㒭ߎᅠ៤䆹䯂乬ߚᵤⱘЏ㽕ℹ偸੠䇈ᯢDŽ
(1) Շ࿌ٝё༪ົc‫ד‬๥फ໸cӦ၍फ໸ۤಬШ೴cϫॸϵ೴ԉd
⫼ߚᵤ㉏ൟᅮНੑҸĀANTYPE,STATICāᅮНߚᵤ㉏ൟЎ䴭࡯ߚᵤDŽ⫼ऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟᅮ
НੑҸĀET,1,SHELL63,2āᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬Ў㗗㰥ᔃ᳆ᬜᑨⱘᔍᗻ໇ԧऩ‫ܗ‬SHELL63ˈখ
᭄Ā2ā㸼⼎㗗㰥ᔃ᳆ᬜᑨDŽ⫼ᅲᐌ᭄ᅮНੑҸĀR,1,12.7āᅮН㄀1㉏ᅲᐌ᭄˖໇ԧ८ᑺЎ
2
12.7mmDŽ⫼ᴤ᭭খ᭄ᅮНੑҸĀMP,EX,1,207E3āᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣Ў207E3N/mm ˈ
⫼ĀMP,NUXY,1,0āᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨NUXY=0ˈ䖭䞠ⱘⳕ⬹খ᭄ᰃĀ1ā
(2) ඹ‫ࠋڶ‬ԤۤӦ၍ߙ੦d
⫼㡖⚍ᅮНੑҸĀN,1ā೼തᷛॳ⚍(0,0,0)ᅮН㄀1ো㡖⚍ˈ⫼ĀN,8,508,38.1ā೼(508mm,
38.1mm,0)ԡ㕂ᅮН㄀8ো㡖⚍DŽ⫼㡖⚍฿‫⫳ܙ‬៤ੑҸĀFILLā೼ࠡ䴶ᅮНⱘ1ো㡖⚍੠8
ো㡖⚍П䯈⫳៤6Ͼ㡖⚍DŽ⫼ĀN,11ā೼തᷛॳ⚍(0,0,0)ᅮН㄀11ো㡖⚍ˈ⫼ĀN,18,508,38.1ā
೼(508mm,38.1mm,0)ԡ㕂ᅮН㄀18ো㡖⚍ˈ⫼ĀFILLāੑҸ೼ࠡ䴶ᅮНⱘ11ো㡖⚍੠18ো
㡖⚍П䯈⫳៤6Ͼ㡖⚍DŽ
⫼ऩ‫ܗ‬ᅮНੑҸĀE,1,2,12ā䖛1ˈ2ˈ12ো㡖⚍ᅮНऩ‫⫼ˈܗ‬ĀE,2,3,12ā䖛2ˈ3ˈ12
ো㡖⚍ᅮНऩ‫⫼ˈܗ‬ĀE,13,12,3ā䖛13ˈ12ˈ3ো㡖⚍ᅮНऩ‫⫼ˈܗ‬ĀE,3,4,14ā䖛3ˈ4ˈ
14ো㡖⚍ᅮНऩ‫⫼ˈܗ‬Ā E,14,13,3ā䖛14ˈ13ˈ3ো㡖⚍ᅮ Нऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ⫼ऩ‫⫳ܗ‬៤ੑҸ
ĀEGEN,3,2,2,5āᕾ⦃3⃵ˈ↣⃵㡖⚍ো๲䞣Ў2ˈᣝ✻ࠡᅮНⱘ㄀2Ͼࠄ㄀5Ͼऩ‫ⱘܗ‬῵ᓣDŽ
(3) Շ࿌ᬲ‫ۦ‬ᆑဎէēྻͬᄃέ໹ճыd
⫼㗺ড়㞾⬅ᑺᅮНੑҸĀCP,1,UZ,2,12āᅮН2ো㡖⚍੠12ো㡖⚍ⱘUZ㞾⬅ᑺЎ㗺ড়㞾
⬅ᑺˈᅮНЎ䲚ড়1DŽ⫼ĀCP,2,ROTY,2,12āᅮН2ো㡖⚍੠12ো㡖⚍ⱘROTY㞾⬅ᑺЎ㗺
ড়㞾⬅ᑺˈᅮНЎ䲚ড়2DŽ⫼㗺ড়㞾⬅ᑺ⫳៤ੑҸĀCPSGEN,6,1,1,2āᣝ✻ࠡᅮН㗺ড়㞾⬅
ᑺ䲚ড়1ࠄ2ˈᕾ⦃6⃵⫳៤݊ԭⱘ㗺ড়㞾⬅ᑺ䲚ড়DŽ
⫼䕧ߎ᭄᥂䆒㕂ੑҸĀOUTPR,ALL,ALLā䆒㕂䕧ߎ᠔᳝㥋䕑ℹⱘ᠔᳝䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰDŽ⫼

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ԡ⿏㑺ᴳੑҸĀD,8,ALL,,,18,10ā㑺ᴳ8ো㡖⚍ⱘ᠔᳝ԡ⿏㞾⬅ᑺˈᣝ๲䞣10ᕾ⦃ࠄ18ˈ㑺
ᴳ18ো㡖⚍DŽ⫼ĀD, ALL,ROTX,0ā㑺ᴳ᠔᳝㡖⚍ⱘ㒩X䕈ⱘ䕀ࡼ㞾⬅ᑺDŽ
⫼㥋䕑࡯ᅮНੑҸĀF,1,FZ,44.483ā㒭1ো㡖⚍ᮑࡴ⊓ⴔZᮍ৥໻ᇣЎ44.483Nⱘ䲚
Ё࡯DŽ㒣䖛ҹϞℹ偸ˈᕫࠄབ೒᠔⼎ⱘ䅵ㅫ῵ൟDŽ

೒2.37 ⫼㡖⚍੠ऩ‫᥹Ⳉܗ‬ᓎ῵ᮍ⊩ᕫࠄⱘ⫼໇ऩ‫ܗ‬SHELL63㸼⼎ⱘ 㞖ㄝᔎᑺṕ῵ൟ

(4) ࠩదௐࠓ੦ࣖēࢗಳௐࠓd
(5) ၽ‫҉܊‬स੦ࣖē‫ݛ‬ᄥέ໹෍cՇ࿌Ӧ၍ζcඔ௜࿫ॏ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ࠋۤڴ‬Ԥสྭᄔd
⫼Ā/POST1ā䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫDŽ⫼㾚⚍ᅮНੑҸĀ/VIEW,1,1,1,1āߛᤶࠄㄝ䕈⌟
㾚⚍ˈ⫼বᔶ೒㒬ࠊੑҸĀPLDISP,2ā㒬ࠊবᔶ೒ˈখ᭄Ā2ā㸼⼎㒬ࠊॳ᳝῵ൟ˄བ೒2.38
᠔⼎˅DŽ

೒2.38 ⫼໇ऩ‫ܗ‬SHELL63䅵ㅫߎⱘ 㞖ㄝᔎᑺṕ῵ൟবᔶ೒

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 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

⫼ऩ‫ܗ‬㸼ᅮНੑҸĀETABLE,STRS,S,1āҹ໇ԧऩ‫ܗ‬SHELL63ⱘ᳔໻ᢝᑨ࡯S1Ў‫ݙ‬ᆍ
ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬㸼STRSDŽ⫼ऩ‫ܗ‬ᥦᑣੑҸĀESORT,STRSāᣝ᳔໻ᢝᑨ࡯ᇍऩ‫ܗ‬㸼STRSᥦᑣDŽ⫼
㒧ᵰᦤপੑҸĀ*GET,SMAX1,SORT,,MAX ā㦋পᥦᑣৢⱘ᳔໻ᢝᑨ࡯ؐˈ
ᄬܹব䞣SMAX1DŽ
⫼㡖⚍㒧ᵰᰒ⼎ੑҸĀPRNSOL,DOFā߫㸼ᰒ⼎㡖⚍ԡ⿏䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰDŽ⫼㡖⚍䗝ᢽੑҸ
ĀLFT_NODE = NODE(0,0,0)ā䗝ᢽ䎱⾏(0,0,0)᳔䖥ⱘ㡖⚍োˈੑৡЎ LFT_NODEDŽ⫼
Ā*GET,DEFL1,NODE,LFT_NODE,U,Zāᦤপ㡖⚍LFT_NODEⱘԡ⿏UZˈᄬܹব䞣DEFL1DŽ
߽⫼GUI⬠䴶ϞⱘĀUtility Menu -> Parameters -> Scale Parameters …āᠧᓔব䞣ᅮНᰒ⼎に
ষˈৃҹⳟࠄᰒ⼎䖭ѯব䞣ⱘؐⱘにষ˄བ೒2.39᠔⼎˅DŽ

೒2.39 ⫼໇ऩ‫ܗ‬SHELL63䅵ㅫߎⱘ 㞖ㄝᔎᑺṕⱘ᳔໻ᣴᑺ੠᳔໻ᢝᑨ࡯

(6) Շ࿌೴ᆦέ२ēωߜसৢᄔۤ‫ޙ‬സᄔͬӉӾέ२d
(7) ॆဈసปॣӦ၍BEAM44ēᄷ໭‫ޙ‬സ஍ੋԅูඕd
(8) Շ࿌‫ד‬๥फ໸ēӦ၍फ໸ۤಬШ೴d
⫼ Ā ANTYPE,STATIC ā ᅮ Н ߚ ᵤ ㉏ ൟ Ў 䴭 ࡯ ߚ ᵤ DŽ ⫼ ऩ ‫ ㉏ ܗ‬ൟ ᅮ Н ੑ Ҹ
ĀET,1,BEAM44āᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬Ўϝ㓈ṕऩ‫ܗ‬BEAM4DŽ䞛⫼ᇍऩ‫ܗ‬᭄ᕾ⦃⫳៤ᅲᐌ᭄ˈੑ
ҸĀ*DO,I,1,10ā㸼⼎ᕾ⦃10⃵ᅮНϡৠԡ㕂ⱘऩ‫ܗ‬ϡৠⱘ៾䴶޴ԩখ᭄DŽ
⫼ᅲᐌ᭄ᅮНੑҸĀR,I,1,1,(I-1)*76.2*12.7*12.7*12.7/120,6.35,1āߚ߿ᅮН䍋ྟッⱘ῾
៾ 䴶 䴶 ⿃ AREA1=1 ˈ 㒩 Z 䕈 ᔃ ᳆ ᛃ ᗻ ⶽ IZ1=1 ˈ 㒩 Y 䕈 ᔃ ᳆ ᛃ ᗻ ⶽ
IY1(I1)*76.2*12.7*12.7*12.7 /120(݊Ёⱘ(I1)*76.2/10ᰃᆑᑺˈ12.7ᰃ催ᑺ)ˈЁᗻ䕈催ᑺ
TKZB1=6.35mmˈTKYB1=1ˈ㒩X䕈ⱘᡁ䕀ᛃᗻⶽIX1=0˄䖭䞠㹿ⳕ⬹њ˅DŽ
⫼᳈໮ᅲᐌ᭄ᅮНੑҸĀRMORE,1,1,I*76.2*12.7*12.7*12.7/120,6.35,1āᅮН঺ϔッⱘ
៾䴶޴ԩখ᭄˖៾䴶䴶⿃AREA2=1ˈIZ2=1ˈIY2= I*76.2*12.7*12.7*12.7/120ˈЁᗻ䕈催ᑺ
TKZB2=6.35ˈTKYB2=1ˈ㒩X䕈ⱘᡁ䕀ᛃᗻⶽIX2=0(Ꮖ㹿ⳕ⬹)DŽ
ੑҸĀ*ENDDOā㒧ᴳࠡ䴶ⱘᕾ⦃ԧDŽ⫼ᅲᐌ᭄ׂᬍੑҸĀRMOD,1,3, 76.2*12.7* 12.7*
12.7/120/2āᇚ㄀1㉏ᅲᐌ᭄ॳᴹㄝѢ䳊ⱘ㄀3Ͼ᭄᥂ׂᬍЎĀ76.2*12.7* 12.7* 12.7/120/2āˈ
гህᰃ໻Ѣ䳊ⱘ᳔ᇣᅲᐌ᭄ⱘϔञDŽՓ㞾⬅ッⱘᅲᐌ᭄Ў໻Ѣ䳊ⱘᡫᔃᛃᗻⶽDŽ⫼߫㸼ᰒ
⼎ᅲᐌ᭄ੑҸĀRLISTā߫ߎᅲᐌ᭄DŽ
2
⫼ᴤ᭭খ᭄ᅮНੑҸĀMP,EX,1,207E3āᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣Ў207E3N/mm ˈ

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2
⫼ĀMP,GXY,1,207E3/2.6āᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ࠾ߛᔍᗻ῵䞣Ў207E3/2.6N/mm ˈ䖭䞠Փ⫼њ
ᔍᗻ῵䞣Ϣ࠾ߛᔍᗻ῵䞣П䯈ⱘᤶㅫ݇㋏˄‫؛‬ᅮ⊞ᵒ↨Ў0.3˅DŽ
(9) Շ࿌ॣ౨ࠋԤԅสᄢd
⫼㡖⚍ᅮНੑҸĀN,1ā೼തᷛॳ⚍(0,0,0) ᅮН㄀1ো㡖⚍ˈ⫼ĀN,11,508 ā೼തᷛ
(508mm,0,0)ԡ㕂ᅮН㄀11ো㡖⚍ˈ⫼㡖⚍฿‫⫳ܙ‬៤ੑҸĀFILLā೼㄀1ো㡖⚍੠㄀11ো㡖
⚍Ё䯈฿‫⫳ܙ‬៤2ࠄ10ো㡖⚍DŽ⫼ĀN,12,,,10ā೼തᷛ(0,0,10mm)ᅮН㄀12ো㡖⚍ˈҹᅮН
ṕⱘ䕀䕈ˈ⫼㡖⚍⫳៤ੑҸĀNGEN,10,1,12ā೼12ো㡖⚍ԡ㕂໘ˈᕾ⦃10⃵ˈᅮНҢ12ࠄ
21ো㡖⚍˄䛑䞡ড়೼12ো㡖⚍˅DŽ
(10) Շ࿌ॣӦ၍d
ऩ‫ܗ‬ᅮНੑҸĀE,1,2,12ā䖛㡖⚍1ˈ2੠12ˈᅮНऩ‫݊˄ܗ‬Ёⱘ12ো㡖⚍ᰃЏ䕈ᮍ৥˅ˈ
⫼ऩ‫⫳ܗ‬៤ੑҸĀEGEN,10,1,1,,,,,1ā↣⃵ᅲᐌ᭄๲ࡴ1ˈ⫳៤݊ԭऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ
(11) ಠަสྭၟ೯ඨߑd
⫼ ԡ ⿏ 㑺 ᴳ ᅮ Н ੑ Ҹ Ā D,11,ALL ā 㑺 ᴳ 11 ো 㡖 ⚍ ⱘ ᠔ ᳝ 㞾 ⬅ ᑺ DŽ⫼ Ā D,1,UY,,,
10,,ROTX,ROTZā㑺ᴳҢ1োࠄ10ো㡖⚍ⱘUYǃROTX੠ROTZ㞾⬅ᑺDŽ
⫼㡖⚍࡯ᅮНੑҸĀF,1,FZ,44.483ā೼1ো㡖⚍ᮑࡴ⊓ⴔZᮍ৥ⱘ໻ᇣЎ44.483Nⱘ
䲚 Ё ࡯ ˈ 㒣 䖛 䖭 ѯ ℹ 偸 ᕫ ࠄ བ ೒ 2.40 ᠔ ⼎ ⱘ 䅵 ㅫ ῵ ൟ DŽ ⫼ 䕧 ߎ ᭄ ᥂ 䆒 㕂 ੑ Ҹ
ĀOUTPR,ALL,ALLā䆒㕂䕧ߎ᠔᳝㥋䕑ℹⱘ᠔᳝䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰDŽ

೒2.40 ⫼䴲ᇍ⿄ṕऩ‫ܗ‬BEAM44㸼⼎ⱘ 㞖ㄝᔎᑺṕ῵ൟ

(12) ၽௐࠓ੦ࣖᄯௐࠓd
(13) ၽ‫҉܊‬स੦ࣖᄯē‫ݛ‬ᄥέ໹෍ēՇ࿌Ӧ၍ζēඔ௜࿫ॏ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ڴ‬d
⫼㾚⚍ᅮНੑҸĀ/VIEW,1,1,1,1āᇚ㾚⚍ߛᤶࠄㄝ䕈⌟ԡ㕂ˈ⫼বᔶ೒㒬ࠊੑҸ
ĀPLDISP,2ā㒬ࠊবᔶ೒˄བ೒2.41᠔⼎˅DŽ

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೒2.41 ⫼䴲ᇍ⿄ṕऩ‫ܗ‬BEAM44䅵ㅫߎⱘ 㞖ㄝᔎᑺṕ῵ൟবᔶ೒

⫼ऩ‫ܗ‬㸼ᅮНੑҸĀETABLE,STRS,NMISC,1āҹBEAM44ⱘ᳔໻ᢝᑨ࡯(NMISC,1)Ў
‫ݙ‬ᆍᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬㸼STRSDŽ⫼ऩ‫ܗ‬ᥦᑣੑҸĀESORT,STRSāᣝ᳔໻ᢝᑨ࡯S1ᇍऩ‫ܗ‬ᥦᑣˈ⫼
ᦤপ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰੑҸĀ*GET,SMAX2,SORT,,MAX āᦤপᥦᑣৢⱘ᳔໻ᢝᑨ࡯ˈᄬܹব䞣
SMAX2DŽ
⫼㡖⚍䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰᰒ⼎ੑҸĀPRNSOL,DOFā߫㸼ᰒ⼎㡖⚍ԡ⿏䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰDŽ
⫼㡖⚍䗝ᢽᮍ⊩ĀLFT_NODE = NODE (0,0,0)ā䗝ᢽ䎱⾏(0,0,0)᳔䖥ⱘ㡖⚍ˈੑৡЎ
LFT_NODEDŽ⫼Ā*GET,DEFL2,NODE,LFT_NODE,U,Zāᦤপ㡖⚍LFT_NODEⱘԡ⿏UZˈ
ᄬܹব䞣DEFL2DŽ߽⫼GUI⬠䴶ϞⱘĀUtility Menu -> Parameters -> Scale Parameters …āᠧ
ᓔব䞣ᅮНᰒ⼎にষˈৃҹⳟࠄᰒ⼎䖭ѯব䞣ⱘؐⱘにষ˄བ೒2.42᠔⼎˅DŽ
(14) Շ࿌೴ᆦēߜ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ރڴ‬ୣူसৢࠒ‫ڴ‬ԅΑࠀ೛ѻӾำߑd

೒2.42 ⫼䴲ᇍ⿄ṕऩ‫ܗ‬BEAM44䅵ㅫߎⱘ 㞖ㄝᔎᑺṕ᳔໻ᣴᑺ੠᳔໻ᢝᑨ࡯

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3ˊANSYS⿟ᑣ

FINISH
/CLEAR, NOSTART ! ⏙䰸᭄᥂ˈϡࡴ䕑߱ྟ࣪᭛ӊ
/FileName, EX2.6 ! ᅮНᎹ⿟᭛ӊৡ
! (1) ᅮНᎹ⿟䗝乍ˈߚᵤ㉏ൟЎ䴭࡯˄STATIC˅ߚᵤˈऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟ੠ᅲᐌ᭄ˈᴤ᭭খ᭄ㄝ
/PREP7 ! ࡴ䕑ࠡ໘⧚῵ഫ
/TITLE, EX2.6(1), BENDING OF A TAPERED PLATE (BEAM) WITH SHELL63 ELEMENT
! INTROD. TO STRESS ANALYSIS, HARRIS, 1ST PRINTING, PAGE 114, PROB. 61
ANTYPE,STATIC ! ᅮНߚᵤ㉏ൟЎ䴭࡯ߚᵤ
ET,1,SHELL63,2 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬Ў㗗㰥ᔃ᳆ᬜᑨⱘᔍᗻ໇ԧऩ‫ܗ‬SHELL63
R,1,12.7 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᅲᐌ᭄ˈ໇ԧ८ᑺ 12.7 mm
MP,EX,1,207E3 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣Ў207E3 N/mm^2
MP,NUXY,1,0 ! ᅮН⊞ᵒ↨NUXY=0
! (2) 䗮䖛㡖⚍੠ऩ‫ܗ‬ᓎ῵
N,1 ! ೼തᷛॳ⚍(0,0,0)ᅮН㄀1ো㡖⚍
N,8,508,-38.1 ! ೼(508mm,-38.1mm,0)ԡ㕂ᅮН㄀8ো㡖⚍
FILL ! ߽⫼฿‫⫳ܙ‬៤ᮍ⊩೼ࠡ䴶ᅮНⱘ1ো㡖⚍੠8ো㡖⚍⫳៤Ё䯈ⱘ6Ͼ㡖⚍
N,11 ! ೼തᷛॳ⚍(0,0,0)ᅮН㄀11ো㡖⚍
N,18, 508,38.1 ! ೼(508mm,38.1mm,0)ԡ㕂ᅮН㄀18ো㡖⚍
FILL ! ߽⫼฿‫⫳ܙ‬៤ᮍ⊩೼ࠡ䴶ᅮНⱘ11ো㡖⚍੠18ো㡖⚍⫳៤Ё䯈ⱘ6Ͼ㡖⚍
E,1,2,12 ! 䖛1ˈ2ˈ12ো㡖⚍ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬
E,2,3,12 ! 䖛2ˈ3ˈ12ো㡖⚍ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬
E,13,12,3 ! 䖛13ˈ12ˈ3ো㡖⚍ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬
E,3,4,14 ! 䖛3ˈ4ˈ14ো㡖⚍ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬
E,14,13,3 ! 䖛14ˈ13ˈ3ো㡖⚍ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬
EGEN,3,2,2,5 ! ᕾ⦃3⃵ˈ↣⃵㡖⚍ো๲䞣Ў2ˈᣝ✻ࠡ䴶ᅮНⱘ㄀2Ͼࠄ㄀5Ͼऩ‫ⱘܗ‬῵ᓣ
! (3) ᅮН㗺ড়㞾⬅ᑺˈҹֱ䆕বᔶᇍ⿄
CP,1,UZ,2,12 ! ᅮН2ো㡖⚍੠12ো㡖⚍ⱘUZ㞾⬅ᑺЎ㗺ড়㞾⬅ᑺˈᅮНЎ䲚ড়1
CP,2,ROTY,2,12 ! ᅮН2ো㡖⚍੠12ো㡖⚍ⱘROTY㞾⬅ᑺЎ㗺ড়㞾⬅ᑺˈᅮНЎ䲚ড়2
CPSGEN,6,1,1,2 ! ᣝ✻ࠡᅮН㗺ড়㞾⬅ᑺ䲚ড়1ࠄ2ˈᕾ⦃6⃵⫳៤݊ԭⱘ㗺ড়㞾⬅ᑺ䲚ড়
OUTPR,ALL,ALL ! 䆒㕂䕧ߎ᠔᳝㥋䕑ℹⱘ᠔᳝䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
D,8,ALL,,,18,10 ! 㑺ᴳ8ো㡖⚍ⱘ᠔᳝ԡ⿏㞾⬅ᑺˈᣝ๲䞣10ᕾ⦃ࠄ18ˈ㑺ᴳ18ো㡖⚍
D, ALL,ROTX,0 ! 㑺ᴳ᠔᳝㡖⚍ⱘ㒩X䕈ⱘ䕀ࡼ㞾⬅ᑺ
F,1,FZ,-44.483 ! 㒭1ো㡖⚍ᮑࡴ⊓ⴔ-Zᮍ৥໻ᇣЎ44.483Nⱘ䲚Ё࡯
FINISH ! 䗔ߎࠡ໘⧚῵ഫPREP7
! (4) 䖯ܹ∖㾷῵ഫˈᓔྟ∖㾷
/SOLU ! ࡴ䕑∖㾷῵ഫ
SOLVE ! ᓔྟ∖㾷
FINISH ! 䗔ߎ∖㾷῵ഫSOLUTION
! (5) 䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫˈ㒬ࠊবᔶ೒ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬㸼ˈᦤপᑨ࡯䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ੠㡖⚍ԡ⿏ؐ
/POST1 ! 䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
/VIEW,1,1,1,1 ! ߛᤶࠄㄝ䕈⌟㾚⚍

71
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

PLDISP,2 ! 㒬ࠊবᔶ೒
ETABLE,STRS,S,1 ! ⫼໇ԧऩ‫ܗ‬SHELL63ⱘ᳔໻ᢝᑨ࡯S1Ў‫ݙ‬ᆍᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬㸼STRS
ESORT,STRS ! ᣝ᳔໻ᢝᑨ࡯ᇍऩ‫ܗ‬㸼STRSᥦᑣ
*GET,SMAX1,SORT,,MAX ! 㦋পᥦᑣৢⱘ᳔໻ᢝᑨ࡯ؐ,ᄬܹব䞣SMAX1
PRNSOL,DOF ! ߫㸼ᰒ⼎㡖⚍ԡ⿏䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
LFT_NODE = NODE(0,0,0) ! ᦤপ䎱⾏(0,0,0)᳔䖥ⱘ㡖⚍োˈᄬܹLFT_NODE
*GET,DEFL1,NODE,LFT_NODE,U,Z ! 㦋ᕫ㡖⚍LFT_NODEⱘԡ⿏UZ,ᄬܹব䞣DEFL1
! (6) ᅮН᭄㒘ব䞣ˈᑊᇚ⧚䆎ؐ੠䅵ㅫֱؐᄬࠄব䞣
*DIM,LABEL,CHAR,2,2 ! ᅮН2ˆ2ᄫヺൟ᭄㒘LABEL
*DIM,VALUE1,,2,3 ! ᅮН2ˆ3᭄ؐൟ᭄㒘VALUE1
LABEL(1,1) = 'DEFLECTI','MX_PRIN_' ! 㒭᭄㒘LABELⱘ㄀1߫฿‫ܙ‬ᷛ乬
LABEL(1,2) = 'ON(mm) ','STRS(MPa)' ! 㒭᭄㒘LABELⱘ㄀2߫฿‫ܙ‬ऩԡ
*VFILL,VALUE1(1,1),DATA,-1.083,11.032 ! 㒭᭄㒘VALUEⱘ㄀1߫฿‫⧚ܙ‬䆎ؐ
*VFILL,VALUE1(1,2),DATA,DEFL1,SMAX1 ! 㒭᭄㒘VALUEⱘ㄀2߫฿‫ܙ‬䅵ㅫؐ
*VFILL,VALUE1(1,3),DATA,ABS(DEFL1/1.083),ABS(SMAX1/11.032) ! ↨ؐ
SAVE, TABLE_1 ! ֱᄬ᭄᥂ࠄ᭄᥂ᑧTABLE_1
FINISH ! 䗔ߎৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
! (7) ߽⫼ϝ㓈ṕऩ‫ܗ‬BEAM44ˈ䞡ᮄ䅵ㅫࠡ䴶ⱘ䯂乬
/CLEAR, NOSTART ! ⏙䰸᭄᥂ˈϡࡴ䕑߱ྟ࣪᭛ӊ
/PREP7 ! ࡴ䕑ࠡ໘⧚῵ഫ
/TITLE, EX2.6(2), BENDING OF A TAPERED PLATE WITH TAPERED BEAM ELEMENTS BEAM44
! (8) ᅮНߚᵤ㉏ൟˈऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟ੠ᅲᐌ᭄
ANTYPE,STATIC ! ᅮНߚᵤ㉏ൟЎ䴭࡯ߚᵤ
ET,1,BEAM44 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬Ўϝ㓈ṕऩ‫ܗ‬BEAM4
*DO,I,1,10 ! ᕾ⦃10⃵ᅮНϡৠԡ㕂ⱘऩ‫ܗ‬ϡৠⱘ៾䴶޴ԩখ᭄
R,I,1,1,(I-1)*76.2*12.7*12.7*12.7/120,6.35,1 !AREA1,IZ1,IY1,TKZB1,TKYB1,IX1
RMORE,1,1,I*76.2*12.7*12.7*12.7/120,6.35,1 ! AREA2,IZ2,IY2,TKZB2,TKYB2,IX2
*ENDDO
RMOD,1,3,76.2*12.7*12.7*12.7/120/2 ! ׂᬍ㞾⬅ッⱘᅲᐌ᭄Ў໻Ѣ䳊ⱘᡫᔃᛃᗻⶽ
RLIST ! ߫ߎᅲᐌ᭄
MP,EX,1,207E3 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣Ў207E3 N/mm^2
MP,GXY,1,207E3/2.6 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ࠾ߛᔍᗻ῵䞣Ў207E3/2.6 N/mm^2
! (9) ᅮН㡖⚍ԡ㕂
N,1 ! ೼തᷛॳ⚍(0,0,0)ᅮН㄀1ো㡖⚍
N,11,508 ! ೼തᷛ(508mm,0,0)ᅮН㄀11ো㡖⚍
FILL ! ೼㄀1ো㡖⚍੠㄀11ো㡖⚍Ё䯈฿‫⫳ܙ‬៤2ࠄ10ো㡖⚍
N,12,,,10 ! ೼തᷛ(0,0,10mm)ᅮН㄀12ো㡖⚍,ҹᅮНṕⱘ䕀䕈
NGEN,10,1,12 ! ೼12ো㡖⚍ԡ㕂໘ˈᕾ⦃10⃵ˈᅮНҢ12ࠄ21ো㡖⚍
! (10) ᅮНṕऩ‫ܗ‬
E,1,2,12 ! 䖛㡖⚍1,2੠12,ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬. 12ো㡖⚍ᰃЏ䕈ᮍ৥
EGEN,10,1,1,,,,,1 ! ↣⃵ᅲᐌ᭄๲ࡴ1,⫳៤৘Ͼऩ‫ܗ‬
! (11) ᮑࡴԡ⿏㑺ᴳᴵӊ
D,11,ALL ! 㑺ᴳ11ো㡖⚍ⱘ᠔᳝㞾⬅ᑺ
D,1,UY,,,10,,ROTX,ROTZ ! 㑺ᴳҢ1োࠄ10ো㡖⚍ⱘUY,ROTX੠ROTZ㞾⬅ᑺ

72
 ㄀ゴṕⱘᔃ᳆䯂乬

F,1,FZ,-44.483 ! ೼1ো㡖⚍ᮑࡴ⊓ⴔ-Zᮍ৥ⱘ44.483N
OUTPR,ALL,ALL ! 䕧ߎ᠔᳝㥋䕑ℹⱘ᠔᳝䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎࠡ໘⧚῵ഫPREP7
! (12) ೼∖㾷῵ഫЁ∖㾷
/SOLU ! ࡴ䕑∖㾷῵ഫ
SOLVE ! ᓔྟ䴭࡯ߚᵤ∖㾷
FINISH ! 䗔ߎ∖㾷῵ഫSOLUTION
! (13) ೼ৢ໘⧚῵ഫЁˈ㒬ࠊবᔶ೒ˈᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬㸼ˈᦤপᑨ࡯䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
/POST1 ! 䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
/VIEW,1,1,1,1 ! ߛᤶࠄㄝ䕈⌟㾚⚍
PLDISP,2 ! 㒬ࠊবᔶ೒
ETABLE,STRS,NMISC,1 ! ҹBEAM44ⱘ᳔໻ᢝᑨ࡯(NMISC,1)Ў‫ݙ‬ᆍᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬㸼
ESORT,STRS ! ᣝ᳔໻ᢝᑨ࡯S1ᇍऩ‫ܗ‬ᥦᑣ
*GET,SMAX2,SORT,,MAX ! ᦤপᥦᑣৢⱘ᳔໻ᢝᑨ࡯,ᄬܹব䞣SMAX2
PRNSOL,DOF ! ᰒ⼎㡖⚍ԡ⿏䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
LFT_NODE = NODE (0,0,0) ! 䗝ᢽ䎱⾏(0,0,0)᳔䖥ⱘ㡖⚍,ੑৡЎLFT_NODE
*GET,DEFL2,NODE,LFT_NODE,U,Z ! ᦤপ㡖⚍LFT_NODEⱘԡ⿏UZ,ᄬܹব䞣DEFL2
! (14) ᅮН᭄㒘ˈᇚ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰঞ݊Ϣ⧚䆎㒧ᵰⱘ↨䕗䕧ߎࠄ᭛ӊ
*DIM,LABEL,CHAR,2,2 ! ᅮН2ˆ2ᄫヺൟ᭄㒘LABEL
*DIM,VALUE2,,2,3 ! ᅮН2ˆ3᭄ؐൟ᭄㒘VALUE1
LABEL(1,1) = 'DEFLECTI','MXPRIN_' ! 㒭᭄㒘LABELⱘ㄀1߫฿‫ܙ‬ᷛ乬
LABEL(1,2) = 'ON(mm) ','STRS(MPa)' ! 㒭᭄㒘LABELⱘ㄀2߫฿‫ܙ‬ऩԡ
*VFILL,VALUE2(1,1),DATA,-1.083,11.032 ! 㒭᭄㒘VALUEⱘ㄀1߫฿‫⧚ܙ‬䆎ؐ
*VFILL,VALUE2(1,2),DATA,DEFL2,SMAX2 ! 㒭᭄㒘VALUEⱘ㄀2߫฿‫ܙ‬䅵ㅫؐ
*VFILL,VALUE2(1,3),DATA,ABS(DEFL2/1.083),ABS(SMAX2/11.032) ! ↨ؐ
SAVE, TABLE_2 ! ֱᄬ᭄᥂ࠄ᭄᥂ᑧTABLE_2
RESUME,TABLE_1 ! Ң᭄᥂ᑧTABLE1Ёᘶ໡᭄᥂
/COM
/OUT, EX2_6, out ! ᇚ䕧ߎ‫ݙ‬ᆍ䞡ᅮ৥ࠄ᭛ӊEX2_6.out
/COM,------------------- EX2.6 RESULTS COMPARISON ---------------
/COM,
/COM, | TARGET | ANSYS | RATIO
/COM,
/COM,RESULTS USING SHELL63:
/COM,
*VWRITE,LABEL(1,1),LABEL(1,2),VALUE1(1,1),VALUE1(1,2),VALUE1(1,3)
(1X,A8,A8,' ',F12.3,' ',F12.3,' ',1F5.3)
/NOPR
RESUME,TABLE_2 ! Ң᭄᥂ᑧTABLE2Ёᘶ໡᭄᥂
/GOPR
/COM,
*VWRITE,LABEL(1,1),LABEL(1,2),VALUE2(1,1),VALUE2(1,2),VALUE2(1,3)
(1X,A8,A8,' ',F12.3,' ',F12.3,' ',1F5.3)
/COM,-----------------------------------------------------------

73
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

/OUT ! 㒧ᴳ᭄᥂䞡ᅮ৥ˈ݇䯁䕧ߎ᭛ӊ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
*LIST, EX2_6, out ! ߫㸼ᰒ⼎᭛ӊEX2_6.outⱘ‫ݙ‬ᆍ

4ˊ㒧ᵰ䅼䆎

߽⫼Ϟ䴶⿟ᑣˈߚ߿ᣝ໇ऩ‫ܗ‬Shell63੠ṕऩ‫ܗ‬Beam44䅵ㅫњবᆑᑺㄝᔎᑺ 㞖ṕⱘব
ᔶ੠ᑨ࡯ˈ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ㾕㸼2.5᠔⼎DŽҢ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰৃҹⳟߎˈϸ⾡ऩ‫ⱘܗ‬䅵ㅫ䛑੠⧚䆎ؐਏড়
ᕜདDŽ䇈ᯢϸ⾡ऩ‫ܗ‬῵ᢳব៾䴶ṕⱘ㛑࡯䛑ᕜདˈԚᇍ↨ϸ㗙ⱘ䅵ㅫ䖛⿟ˈৃҹⳟߎˈ໇
ԧऩ‫ܗ‬᳈㛑῵ᢳߎㄝᔎᑺṕⱘᅲ䰙޴ԩᔶ⢊ˈ಴㗠᳈Ⳉ㾖ˈ㗠Ϩ೼៾䴶޴ԩখ᭄ⱘᅮНϞ
᳈ㅔऩϔѯDŽ

㸼2.5 ⫼໇ऩ‫ܗ‬SHELL63੠ṕऩ‫ܗ‬BEAM44䅵ㅫㄝᔎᑺ 㞖ṕবᔶ੠ᑨ࡯
SHELL63 ⧚ 䆎 ؐ Ansysؐ ↨ ؐ
᳔໻ᣴᑺ (mm) -1.083 -1.083 1.000
᳔໻ᑨ࡯ (MPa) 11.032 11.035 1.000
BEAM44 ⧚ 䆎 ؐ Ansysؐ ↨ ؐ
᳔໻ᣴᑺ (mm) -1.083 -1.089 1.006
᳔໻ᑨ࡯ (MPa) 11.032 11.032 1.000

2.7 ᔍᗻഄ෎ञ᮴䰤䭓ṕ೼ッ䚼࡯੠࡯‫ي‬԰⫼ϟⱘবᔶ
ᬒ 㕂 ೼ ᔍ ᗻ ഄ ෎ Ϟ ⱘ ञ ᮴ 䰤 䭓 ṕ ˈ ṕ ⱘ ៾ 䴶 䴶 ⿃ A=148.38cm3 ˈ ᡫ ᔃ ᛃ ᗻ ⶽ
I=1831.3cm4 DŽഄ෎߮ᑺЎ44.483kN԰⫼೼ṕ䭓ᑺ558.5mmϞˈПৢѻ⫳7.62mmⱘϟ䰡䞣DŽ
೼ッ䚼䲚Ё࡯F=44448.3੠䲚ЁᔃⶽM=1130Ngm԰⫼ϟথ⫳ᔃ᳆˄བ೒2.43᠔⼎˅DŽᏆⶹ
ᔍᗻ῵䞣E=207GPaˈ⊞ᵒ↨প0.3ˈ䆩߽⫼㗗㰥ᔍᗻᬃᡓⱘѠ㓈䴲ᇍ⿄䫹ᔶṕऩ‫ܗ‬BEAM54
⹂ᅮッ䚼㥋䕑԰⫼ԡ㕂ⱘオ৥ԡ⿏DŽ

F =448.3N

X
M =1130Ngm k

೒2.43 ᔍᗻഄ෎Ϟञ᮴䰤䭓ṕ䅵ㅫ῵ൟ ೒2.44 ᔍᗻഄ෎Ϟञ᮴䰤䭓ṕ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟ

1ˊ⧚䆎㾷

ഄ෎ⱘ㒓߮ᑺЎ˖
k=44.483/0.5588/0.0078762=10447kN/m2
⬅᭛⤂[4]:12ৃⶹˈᬒ㕂೼ᔍᗻഄ෎Ϟⱘᔍᗻṕⱘᔃ᳆ᖂߚᮍ⿟Ў˖

74
 ㄀ゴṕⱘᔃ᳆䯂乬

d 4y
EI z = q = −k y
dx 4
ᅗⱘ䗮㾷Ў˖
y ( x ) = e β x ( A cos β x + B sin β x ) + e− β x (C cos β x + D sin β x )
݊Ёˈ β = 4 k /(4EI ) = 4 10447 ×103/ 4 / 2 0 7 ×10 9 /1831.3 ×10 −8 = 0.91107 1/m
ᇍѢᎺッ԰⫼᳝䲚Ё࡯੠䲚Ё࡯‫ⱘي‬ञ᮴䰤䭓ṕˈ೼ℷ᮴か䖰໘ˈᣴᑺ੠䕀㾦䛑ᖙ乏ㄝ
Ѣ䳊ˈ᠔ҹ䗮㾷Ёⱘℷᣛ᭄乍ᖙ乏Ў䳊ˈ䗮㾷ৃҹㅔ࣪Ў˖
y ( x ) = e− β x (C cos β x + D sin β x )
೼ x = 0 ໘᳝࡯ⱘ䖍⬠ᴵӊ˖
EI y ''(0) = M ˈ E I y '''(0) = F
9 -8 2
݊Ёˈᡫᔃ᳆߮ᑺEI=207× 10 × 1831.13× 10 =3791 kNgm
䗮㾷ҷܹϞ䴶ⱘ䖍⬠ᴵӊˈৃҹ㾷ߎ㋏᭄˖
C = ( F + β M )/(2 EI β 3 ), D = −M /(2 EI β 2 )
ҷ᭄ܹؐৢˈᕫࠄ˖
F + β M 4448.3 + 0.91107 ×1130
C= = = −0.95536 mm
2EI β 3 2 × 3791× 103 × 0.911073
M 1130
D=− =− = −0.17955 mm
2EI β 2
2 × 3791×103 × 0.911072
᠔ҹˈᣴᑺᮍ⿟বЎ˖
y(x)=e-0.91107x(0.95536 cos0.91107x-0.17955sin0.91107x) mm
ҷܹ x = 0 ህৃҹᕫࠄᎺッⱘᣴᑺ˖
y(0)=0.95536 mm

2ˊANSYSߚᵤ

㡖 ⚍ 䯈 䎱 প 559mm ҹ 䗖 ড় ⾏ ᬷ ⱘ ഄ ෎ ෎ ⸔ ⱘ ߮ ᑺ ˈ ഄ ෎ ṕ ⱘ 䭓 ᑺ ৃ ҹ ӏ ᛣ প Ў
7265mmDŽഄ෎ṕⱘ៾䴶催ᑺৃҹӏᛣপЎ127mmˈᅗϡӮᕅડッ䚼ԡ⿏ˈ಴Ў῾៾䴶ⱘᡫ
ᔃᛃᗻⶽЏ㽕᥻ࠊᔃ᳆বᔶDŽϟ䴶㒭ߎЏ㽕ℹ偸੠䇈ᯢDŽ
(1) ಁᄢ‫ד‬๥फ໸cӦ၍फ໸cಬШ೴ۤϫॸϵ೴d
⫼ߚᵤ㉏ൟᅮНੑҸĀANTYPE,STATICāᅮНߚᵤ㉏ൟЎ䴭࡯ߚᵤDŽ⫼ऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟᅮН
ੑҸĀET,1,BEAM54āᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬ЎѠ㓈䴲ᇍ⿄ṕऩ‫ܗ‬BEAM54DŽ⫼ᅲᐌ᭄ᅮНੑҸ
2
ĀR,1,14838,1831.3e4,63.5,63.5āᅮН㄀1㉏ᅲᐌ᭄: ṕⱘ៾䴶⿃14838 mm ˈᡫᔃᛃᗻⶽ1831.3
4
cm ˈЁᗻ䕈䎱⾏Ϟϟ䖍㓬ⱘ䎱⾏䛑Ў63.5mmDŽ⫼ׂᬍᅲᐌ᭄ੑҸĀRMODIF,1,16,10.447ā
2
ׂᬍ㄀1㉏ᅲᐌ᭄ⱘ㄀16Ͼᅲᐌ᭄˖ᔍᗻഄ෎ⱘ㒓߮ᑺЎ10.447 N/mm DŽ⫼ᴤ᭭খ᭄ᅮНੑ
ҸĀMP,EX,1,207e3āᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EX=207GPaˈ⫼ĀMP,PRXY,,0.3āᅮН㄀1
㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨PRXY = 0.3DŽ
(2) Շ࿌ࠋԤd
⫼㡖⚍ᅮНੑҸĀN,1ā೼തᷛॳ⚍(0,0,0)ᅮН㄀1ো㡖⚍ˈ⫼ĀN,14,7265ā೼തᷛ
(7265mm,0,0)ᅮН㄀14ো㡖⚍DŽ⫼㡖⚍฿‫⫳ܙ‬៤ੑҸĀFILLā೼㄀1ো㡖⚍੠㄀14ো㡖⚍П
䯈฿‫⫳ܙ‬៤݊ԭ㡖⚍˄೒2.44˅DŽ

75
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

(3) Շ࿌Ӧ၍d
⫼ऩ‫ܗ‬ᅮНੑҸ ĀE,1,2ā䖛1ো㡖⚍੠2ো㡖⚍ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ
⫼ऩ‫⫳ܗ‬៤ੑҸĀEGEN,13,1,1ā
ᕾ⦃13⃵ˈᣝ✻ࠡ䴶ऩ‫ⱘܗ‬῵ᓣˈ⫳៤݊ԭⱘ12Ͼऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ
(4) ಠަสྭၟ೯ۤࠋԤ۠ၻd
⫼ԡ⿏㑺ᴳᅮНੑҸĀD,1,UXā೎ᅮ1ো㡖⚍ⱘXᮍ৥ⱘ㒓ԡ⿏UXDŽ⫼㥋䕑࡯ᅮНੑ
ҸĀF,1,FY, 4448ā೼1ো㡖⚍ⱘYᮍ৥ᮑࡴ໻ᇣЎ4448Nⱘ䲚Ё࡯ˈ⫼ĀF,1,MZ,1.13e6ā
೼1ো㡖⚍ᮑࡴ໻ᇣЎ1.13e6Ngmmⱘ䲚Ё࡯‫ي‬DŽ㒣䖛䖭ѯℹ偸ˈᕫࠄབ೒2.45᠔⼎ⱘ䅵ㅫ
῵ൟDŽ

೒2.45 ⫼㡖⚍੠ऩ‫᥹Ⳉܗ‬ᓎ῵⫳៤ⱘᔍᗻഄ෎Ϟञ᮴䰤䭓ṕ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟ

⫼䕧ߎ᭄᥂䆒㕂ੑҸĀOUTPR,,1ā䆒㕂া䕧ߎ㄀1Ͼ㥋䕑ℹⱘ෎ᴀ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰˈ㹿ⳕ⬹
ⱘ咬䅸ؐᰃĀBASICāDŽ
(5) ၽௐࠓ੦ࣖௐࠓēඔ௜สྭ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ڴ‬d
⫼Ā/SOLUāࡴ䕑∖㾷῵ഫˈ⫼ĀSOLVEāੑҸᓔྟ∖㾷DŽ⫼䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰᦤপੑҸ
Ā*GET,UY,NODE,1,U,Yāᦤপ㄀1ো㡖⚍ⱘYᮍ৥ⱘ㒓ԡ⿏UYˈᑊֱᄬࠄব䞣UYDŽ⫼⢊ᗕ
ᰒ⼎ੑҸĀ*status,parmāᰒ⼎‫ݙ‬ᄬব䞣ⱘ‫ݙ‬ᆍ˄བ೒2.46᠔⼎˅DŽ

೒2.46 ᔍᗻഄ෎Ϟञ᮴䰤䭓ṕ೼ッ䚼䲚Ё࡯੠䲚Ё࡯‫ي‬԰⫼ϟⱘ᳔໻ᣴᑺ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ

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3ˊANSYS⿟ᑣ
FINISH
/CLEAR, NOSTART ! ⏙䰸᭄᥂ˈϡࡴ䕑߱ྟ࣪᭛ӊ
/FileName, EX2.7 ! ᅮН᭛ӊৡ⿄
/PREP7 ! ࡴ䕑ࠡ໘⧚῵ഫ
/TITLE, EX2.7, BENDING OF A BEAM ON AN ELASTIC FOUNDATION
C*** STR. OF MATL., TIMOSHENKO, PART 2, 3RD ED., PAGE 12
! (1) 䆒㕂ߚᵤ㉏ൟǃऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟǃᅲᐌ᭄੠ᴤ᭭খ᭄
ANTYPE,STATIC ! ᅮНߚᵤ㉏ൟЎ䴭࡯ߚᵤ
ET,1,BEAM54 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬Ў䴲ᇍ⿄ṕऩ‫ܗ‬
R,1,14838,1831.3e4,63.5,63.5 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᅲᐌ᭄: ṕⱘ៾䴶⿃14838mm^2ˈᛃᗻⶽ
1831.3cm^4ˈЁᗻ䕈䎱⾏Ϟϟ䖍㓬ⱘ䎱⾏䛑Ў63.5mm
RMODIF,1,16,10.447 ! ᔍᗻഄ෎ⱘ㒓߮ᑺ10.447 N/mm^2
MP,EX,1,207e3 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EX = 207 GPa
MP,PRXY,,0.3 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨PRXY = 0.3
! (2) ᅮН㡖⚍
N,1 ! ೼തᷛॳ⚍(0,0,0)ᅮН㄀1ো㡖⚍
N,14,7265 ! ೼തᷛ (7265mm,0,0)ᅮН㄀14ো㡖⚍
FILL ! ೼㄀1ো㡖⚍੠㄀14ো㡖⚍П䯈฿‫⫳ܙ‬៤݊ԭ㡖⚍
! (3) ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬
E,1,2 ! 䖛1ো㡖⚍੠2ো㡖⚍ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬
EGEN,13,1,1 ! ᕾ⦃13⃵ˈᣝ✻ࠡ䴶ऩ‫ⱘܗ‬῵ᓣˈ⫳៤݊ԭⱘ12Ͼऩ‫ܗ‬
! (4) ᮑࡴԡ⿏㑺ᴳ੠㡖⚍㥋䕑
D,1,UX ! ೎ᅮ1ো㡖⚍ⱘXᮍ৥ⱘ㒓ԡ⿏UX
F,1,FY,-4448 ! ೼1ো㡖⚍ⱘ-Yᮍ৥ᮑࡴ໻ᇣЎ4448Nⱘ䲚Ё࡯
F,1,MZ,1.13e6 ! ೼1ো㡖⚍ᮑࡴ໻ᇣЎ1.13e6N.mmⱘ䲚Ё࡯‫ي‬
OUTPR,,1 ! 䆒㕂䕧ߎ㄀1Ͼ㥋䕑ℹⱘ෎ᴀ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰˈ咬䅸ؐᰃBASIC
FINISH ! 䗔ߎࠡ໘⧚῵ഫPREP7
! (5) ೼∖㾷῵ഫ∖㾷ˈᦤপԡ⿏䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
/SOLU ! ࡴ䕑∖㾷῵ഫ
SOLVE ! ᓔྟ∖㾷
*GET,UY,NODE,1,U,Y ! ᦤপ㄀1ো㡖⚍ⱘYᮍ৥ⱘ㒓ԡ⿏UYˈᑊֱᄬࠄব䞣UY
*status,parm ! ᰒ⼎‫ݙ‬ᄬব䞣ⱘ‫ݙ‬ᆍ
! (6) ᇚ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ䕧ߎࠄ᭛ӊ
*DIM,LABEL,CHAR,1,2 ! ᅮН1ˆ2ᄫヺൟ᭄㒘LABEL
*DIM,VALUE,,1,3 ! ᅮН1ˆ3᭄ؐൟ᭄㒘VALUE
LABEL(1,1) = 'END DISP ' ! 㒭᭄㒘LABELⱘ㄀1߫฿‫ܙ‬ᷛ乬
LABEL(1,2) = ' mm ' ! 㒭᭄㒘LABELⱘ㄀2߫฿‫ܙ‬ऩԡ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,1),DATA,-0.95536 ! 㒭᭄㒘VALUEⱘ㄀1߫฿‫⧚ܙ‬䆎ؐ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,2),DATA,UY ! 㒭᭄㒘VALUEⱘ㄀2߫฿‫ܙ‬䅵ㅫؐ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,3),DATA,ABS(UY/0.95536) ! ↨ؐ
/COM
/OUT, EX2_7, out ! ᇚ䕧ߎ‫ݙ‬ᆍ䞡ᅮ৥ࠄ᭛ӊEX2_7.out

77
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

/COM,------------------- EX2.7 RESULTS COMPARISON -------------

/COM,
/COM, | TARGET | ANSYS | RATIO
/COM,
*VWRITE,LABEL(1,1),LABEL(1,2),VALUE(1,1),VALUE(1,2),VALUE(1,3)
(1X,A8,A8,' ',F10.5,' ',F10.5,' ',1F5.3)
/COM,----------------------------------------------------------
/OUT ! 㒧ᴳ᭄᥂䞡ᅮ৥ˈ݇䯁䕧ߎ᭛ӊ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
*LIST, EX2_7, out ! ߫㸼ᰒ⼎᭛ӊEX2_7.outⱘ‫ݙ‬ᆍ

4ˊ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰঞ䅼䆎

䗮䖛ҹϞ⿟ᑣⱘ䅵ㅫˈᕫࠄབ㸼2.6᠔⼎ⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰDŽ᭄᥂ᰒ⼎ˈ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬㒧ᵰ੠⧚䆎ؐ
ਏড়㡃དDŽ
㸼2.6 ⫼Ѡ㓈䴲ᇍ⿄䫹ᔶ៾䴶ṕऩ‫ܗ‬BEAM54䅵ㅫञ᮴䰤䭓ᔍᗻഄ෎ṕⱘবᔶ
SHELL63 ⧚ 䆎 ؐ Ansyssؐ ↨ ؐ
ッ䚼᳔໻ᣴᑺ(mm) 0.95536 0.95512 1.000

2.8 ‫أ‬ᖗফय़ᴚⱘ໻বᔶߚᵤ

䭓ᑺl=3048mmⱘῑᔶ៾䴶ᴚˈ೼ッ䚼ⱘ‫أ‬ᖗ䲚Ё࡯F=17.793kN԰⫼ϟথ⫳‫أ‬ᖗय़㓽ˈ
2
ᴚӊ៾䴶䴶⿃A=2167.7mm ˈ‫أ‬ᖗ䎱e=14.732mmˈᆑᑺb=57.403mmˈ៾䴶ᡫᔃᛃᗻⶽ
Iz=54.106cm˄བ೒2.47᠔⼎˅DŽᏆⶹᔍᗻ῵䞣E=207GPaˈ⊞ᵒ↨ μ = 0.3 ˈ䆩߽⫼2D䴲ᇍ⿄
䫹ᔶṕऩ‫ܗ‬BEAM54⹂ᅮッ䚼ⱘ∈ᑇջ⿏੠‫ݙ‬䚼ⱘ᳔໻ᑨ࡯DŽ

೒2.47 ‫أ‬ᖗফय़ᴚⱘ໻বᔶߚᵤⱘ䅵ㅫ῵ൟ ೒2.48 ‫أ‬ᖗফय़ᴚⱘ໻বᔶߚᵤ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟ

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1ˊᇣবᔶᚙ‫⧚ⱘމ‬䆎㾷

⬅᭛⤂[3]:263ৃⶹˈ೼೒⼎തᷛ㋏ϟˈӏᛣ៾䴶 x ԡ㕂໘ⱘᔃⶽؐЎ˖
M ( x) = −F (e + δ − y ( x )) ˈ ˄ −l / 2 ≤ x ≤ l / 2 ˅
ḍ᥂ṕⱘᔃ᳆ᖂߚᮍ⿟˖
d 2 y ( x)
EI z = F (e + δ − y ( x )) ˈ ˄ −l / 2 ≤ x ≤ l / 2 ˅
dx 2
ᓩܹ䆄ো
F
= p2
EIz
ṕⱘᔃ᳆ᖂߚᮍ⿟বЎ˖
d 2 y ( x)
2
+ p 2 y ( x ) = p 2 ( e + δ ) ˈ ˄ −l / 2 ≤ x ≤ l / 2 ˅
dx
䆹ᮍ⿟ⱘ䗮㾷Ў˖
y (x ) = C1 sin px + C2 cos px + e + δ ˈ ˄ −l / 2 ≤ x ≤ l / 2 ˅
ḍ᥂೒⼎ⱘ䖍⬠ᴵӊˈ೼ᴚӊЁ䚼ⱘതᷛॳ⚍Ϟˈ᳝˖
dy
y (x ) x=0 = 0, =0
dx x=0
⬅ℸ⹂ᅮߎ˖
C1 = 0, C 2 = −(e + δ )
᠔ҹˈ‫أ‬ᖗय़㓽ᴚⱘᣴᑺᮍ⿟Ў˖
y (x ) = (e + δ )(1 − cos px) ˈ ˄ −l / 2 ≤ x ≤ l / 2 ˅
೼ᴚӊⱘッ䚼ˈ᳝˖
x = l ˈ y (l / 2) = (e + δ )(1 − cos pl /2) = δ
᠔ҹˈৃҹᕫࠄ⹂ᅮッ䚼ᣴᑺⱘ݇㋏ᓣ˖
1 − cos pl / 2
δ= e
cos pl / 2
᳔ৢˈᕫࠄᣴᑺᮍ⿟Ў˖
1 − cos px ˈ ˄ −l / 2 ≤ x ≤ l / 2 ˅
y (x ) = e
cos( pl /2)
݊Ё˖ p= F / EI z = 17793 / 207 × 10 9 / 54.106 × 10 −8 =0.39858 1/m
ҷ᭄ܹؐˈᕫࠄッ䚼ⱘջ⿏ؐЎ˖
l 1 − cos( pl /2) 1 − cos(0.39858 × 3.048/2)
y( ) = e= ×14.732 = 3.21 mm
2 cos( pl /2) cos(0.39858 × 3.048/2)
⬅Ѣᔃ᳆বᔶᓩ䍋ⱘᔃⶽЎ˖
M ( x) = E I y ''( x) = EI p2 e cos px /cos( pl /2) ˈ ˄ −l / 2 ≤ x ≤ l / 2 ˅
೼ x = 0 ໘ˈᔃⶽ᳔໻ˈϨ᳔໻ⱘᔃ᳆य़㓽ᑨ࡯Ў˖

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M max e e 2 Ep 2
(¶c ) max = − =−
Iz cos(pl / 2)
−6
14.732 × 207000 × 0. 39858 × 10
2 2
= = −8. 692MPa
cos(0. 39585 × 3. 048 / 2)
᳔໻ⱘᔃ᳆ᢝᑨ࡯Ў˖
(b − e)M max (b − e) Eep 2
(¶t ) max = =
Iz cos( pl / 2)
−6
(57. 403 − 14. 732) × 207000 × 14. 732 × 0.39858 × 10
2
= = 25. 176MPa
cos(0. 39585 × 3.048 / 2)
⬅Ѣ䕈৥य़࡯ᓩ䍋ⱘ䕈৥य़ᑨ࡯˖
N −17793
(σ c )N = = = −8.208 MPa
A 2167.7
᠔ҹ೼‫أ‬ᖗय़㓽㥋䕑԰⫼ϟˈ䆹Ꮉᄫᔶṕⱘ‫ݙ‬໪ջⱘᢝᑨ࡯੠य़ᑨ࡯ߚ߿Ў˖
σ t = (σ t ) max + (σ c ) N = 25.176 − 8.208 = 16.968 MPa
σ c = (σ c )max + (σ c )N = −8.692 −8.208 = −16.90 MPa

2ˊANSYSߚᵤ

⬅Ѣ῵ൟⱘᇍ⿄ᗻˈৃҹ䗝পϞञ䚼ߚᓎゟ῵ൟˈ䆒㕂5Ͼ㡖⚍ˈ4Ͼऩ‫˄ܗ‬བ೒2.48
᠔⼎˅DŽ೼㡖⚍1ԡ㕂᳝ᇍ⿄ⱘԡ⿏䖍⬠ᴵӊˈ5ো㡖⚍ԡ㕂᳝⊓ⴔYᮍ৥ⱘ䲚Ё࡯ˈ῵ൟ
ᘏ催ᑺবЎl/2DŽ䖭䞠䖯㸠ⱘᰃ‫أ‬ᖗय़㓽ᴚӊⱘ໻বᔶߚᵤˈ೼䖯㸠∖㾷Пࠡˈ䳔㽕ᠧᓔ໻
বᔶߚᵤ䗝乍DŽϟ䴶㒭ߎᓎゟ῵ൟ੠䴲㒓ᗻ∖㾷ⱘЏ㽕ℹ偸੠䇈ᯢDŽ
(1) Շ࿌ٝё༪ົc‫ד‬๥फ໸cಬШ೴ۤϫॸϵ೴ԉd
⫼ ߚ ᵤ ㉏ ൟ ᅮ Н ੑ Ҹ “ANTYPE,STATICā ᅮ Н ߚ ᵤ ㉏ ൟ Ў 䴭 ࡯ ߚ ᵤ ˈ ⫼
ĀNLGEOM,ONā▔⌏໻বᔶ䗝ᢽ乍DŽ⫼ऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟᅮНੑҸĀET,1,BEAM54āᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ
‫ܗ‬ЎѠ㓈䫹ᔶ䴲ᇍ⿄ṕऩ‫ܗ‬BEAM54DŽ
⫼ᅲᐌ᭄ᅮНੑҸ ĀR,1,2167.7,54.106e4,14.732,42.672āᅮН㄀1㉏ᅲᐌ᭄ ˖៾䴶⿃
2167.7mm^2ˈ㒩Џ䕈ⱘᡫᔃᛃᗻⶽ54.106cm^4ˈЁᗻ䕈ࠄϞϟ䖍ⱘ䎱⾏ߚ߿Ў14.732mm੠
42.672mmDŽ䖭䞠Փ⫼ⱘᅲᐌ᭄ḐᓣЎ῾៾䴶䴶⿃AREA1ˈ㒩Џ䕈ⱘᡫᔃᛃᗻⶽIZ1ˈЁᗻ
䕈催ᑺHYT1੠HYB1ˈ঺ϔッⱘ៾䴶⿃AREA2ˈ㒩Џ䕈ⱘᡫᔃ᳆ᛃᗻⶽIZ2DŽ
⫼ĀRMORE,,,,14.732,,14.732āᅮНϸッ‫أ‬ᖗ䎱e=14.732mmˈ䖭䞠ᅲᐌ᭄ⱘḐᓣ
ᰃ˖঺ϔッⱘЁᗻ䕈催ᑺHYT2੠HYB2ˈ䍋ྟッ‫أ‬ᖗ䎱DX1੠DY1 ˈ঺ϔッⱘ‫أ‬ᖗ䎱DX2
੠DY2DŽ
2
⫼ᴤ᭭খ᭄ᅮНੑҸĀMP,EX,1,207E3āᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EX = 207e3 N/mm ˈ
⫼ĀMP,NUXY,1,0.3āᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨NUXY = 0.3DŽ
(2) Շ࿌ࠋԤd
⫼㡖⚍ᅮНੑҸĀN,1ā೼തᷛॳ⚍ (0,0,0) ᅮН㄀1ো㡖⚍ˈ⫼ĀN,5,,1524ā೼തᷛ
(0,1524mm,0)ᅮН㄀5ো㡖⚍ˈ⫼㡖⚍฿‫⫳ܙ‬៤ੑҸĀFILLā೼㄀1ো㡖⚍੠㄀5ো㡖⚍Ё䯈
฿‫⫳ܙ‬៤݊ԭ㡖⚍DŽ
(3) Շ࿌Ӧ၍d

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⫼ऩ‫ܗ‬ᅮНੑҸĀE,1,2ā䖛㡖⚍1੠㡖⚍2ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ⫼ऩ‫⫳ܗ‬៤ੑҸĀEGEN,4,1,1ā
ᣝࠡ䴶ϔϾऩ‫ⱘܗ‬῵ᓣˈᕾ⦃4⃵ˈ⫳៤݊ԭⱘ3Ͼऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ
(4) ಠަสྭၟ೯ۤ۠ၻd
⫼ԡ⿏㑺ᴳᅮНੑҸĀD,1,ALLāᅠܼ೎ᅮ1ো㡖⚍ⱘ᠔᳝㞾⬅ᑺDŽ⫼㥋䕑࡯ᅮНੑҸ
ĀF,5,FY, 17793āᅮН⊓ⴔY䕈ⱘ໻ᇣЎ17793Nⱘ䲚Ё࡯DŽ㒣䖛䖭ѯℹ偸ᓎゟⱘ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵
ൟབ೒2.49᠔⼎DŽ

೒2.49 ߽⫼㡖⚍੠ऩ‫᥹Ⳉܗ‬ᓎ῵⫳៤ⱘ‫أ‬ᖗফय़ᴚⱘ໻বᔶߚᵤ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟ

(5) ࠩదௐࠓ੦ࣖௐࠓd
⫼Ā/SOLUāࡴ䕑∖㾷῵ഫDŽ⫼䆒㕂䴲㒓ᗻߚᵤᬊᬯؐੑҸĀCNVTOL,F,,1E4ā䆒㕂
㥋䕑࡯ⱘᬊᬯ䇃ᏂЎ0.0001Nˈ⫼ĀCNVTOL,M,,1E1ā䆒㕂䲚Ё࡯‫ⱘي‬ᬊᬯ䇃ᏂЎ0.1NgmDŽ
⫼䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ䕧ߎ䆒㕂ੑҸĀOUTPR,,LASTā䆒㕂া䕧ߎ᳔ৢϔϾ㥋䕑ℹⱘ㒧ᵰˈ⫼
ĀSOLVEāੑҸᓔྟ໻বᔶߚᵤⱘ䴲㒓ᗻ䗁ҷ∖㾷DŽ
(6) ၽ‫҉܊‬स੦ࣖēඔ௜‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ڴ‬d
⫼Ā/POST1ā 䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫDŽ⫼㡖⚍䗝ᢽੑҸ ĀEND_NODE = NODE (0,3048/2,0)”
䗝ᢽ䎱⾏(0,1524mm,0)᳔䖥ⱘ㡖⚍ˈੑৡЎEND_NODEˈ䖭䞠Փ⫼њ㸼䖒ᓣ䌟ؐDŽ⫼㒧ᵰ
ᦤপੑҸĀ*GET,DEF,NODE,END_NODE,U,Xāᦤপ㡖⚍END_NODEⱘԡ⿏UXˈᄬܹব
䞣DEFDŽ
⫼ऩ‫ܗ‬㸼ᅮНੑҸĀETABLE,TENS,NMISC,1āҹBEAM54ⱘ᳔໻ᢝᑨ࡯(NMISC,1)Ў
‫ݙ‬ᆍᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬㸼TENSDŽ⫼ĀETABLE,COMP,NMISC,2āҹBEAM54ⱘ᳔໻य़ᑨ࡯(NMISC,2)
Ў‫ݙ‬ᆍᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬㸼COMPDŽ⫼Ā*GET,STS_TENS,ELEM,1,ETAB,TENSāᦤপ㄀1োऩ‫ⱘܗ‬
᳔໻ᢝᑨ࡯,ᄬܹব䞣STS_TENSˈ⫼Ā*GET,STS_COMP,ELEM,1,ETAB,COMPāᦤপ㄀1
োऩ‫ⱘܗ‬᳔໻य़ᑨ࡯ˈᄬܹব䞣STS_COMPDŽ߽⫼GUI⬠䴶ϞⱘĀUtility Menu -> Parameters
-> Scale Parameters …āᠧᓔব䞣ᅮНᰒ⼎にষˈৃҹⳟࠄᰒ⼎䖭ѯব䞣ⱘؐⱘにষ˄བ೒
2.50᠔⼎˅DŽ

81
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

೒2.50 ‫أ‬ᖗফय़ᴚⱘ໻বᔶߚᵤ䅵ㅫߎⱘᣴᑺ੠᳔໻ᑨ࡯

(7) ߜ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ڴ‬೛ѻӾำߑd

3ˊANSYS⿟ᑣ

FINISH
/CLEAR, NOSTART ! ⏙䰸᭄᥂ˈϡࡴ䕑߱ྟ࣪᭛ӊ
! (1) ᅮНᎹ⿟䗝乍ǃߚᵤ㉏ൟǃᅲᐌ᭄੠ᴤ᭭খ᭄ㄝ
/PREP7 ! ࡴ䕑ࠡ໘⧚῵ഫ
/TITLE, EX2.8, LARGE DEFLECTION ECCENTRIC COMPRESSION OF SLENDER COLUMN
C*** STR. OF MATL., TIMOSHENKO, PART 1, 3RD ED., PG. 263, PROB. 1
ANTYPE,STATIC ! ᅮНߚᵤ㉏ൟЎ䴭࡯ߚᵤ
NLGEOM,ON ! ▔⌏໻বᔶ䗝ᢽ乍
ET,1,BEAM54 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬ЎѠ㓈䫹ᔶ䴲ᇍ⿄ṕऩ‫ܗ‬BEAM54
R,1,2167.7,54.106e4,14.732,42.672 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᅲᐌ᭄˖៾䴶⿃2167.7mm^2ˈᡫᔃᛃᗻⶽ
54.106cm^4ˈЁᗻ䕈ࠄϞϟ䖍ⱘ䎱⾏ߚ߿Ў14.732mm੠42.672mm˄ḐᓣЎAREA1, IZ1, HYT1, HYB1,
AREA2, IZ2˅
RMORE,,,,-14.732,,-14.732 ! ϸッ‫أ‬ᖗ䎱e=14.732mm˄HYT2,HYB2,DX1,DY1,DX2,DY2˅
MP,EX,1,207E3 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EX = 207e3 N/mm^2
MP,NUXY,1,0.3 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨NUXY = 0.3
! (2) ᅮН㡖⚍
N,1 ! ೼തᷛॳ⚍(0,0,0)ᅮН㄀1ো㡖⚍
N,5,,1524 ! ೼തᷛ(0,1524mm,0)ᅮН㄀5ো㡖⚍
FILL ! ೼㄀1ো㡖⚍੠㄀5ো㡖⚍Ё䯈฿‫⫳ܙ‬៤݊ԭ㡖⚍
! (3) ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬
E,1,2 ! 䖛㡖⚍1੠㡖⚍2ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬
EGEN,4,1,1 ! ⫼ࠡ䴶ϔϾऩ‫ⱘܗ‬῵ᓣˈᕾ⦃4⃵ˈ⫳៤݊ԭⱘ3Ͼऩ‫ܗ‬
! (4) ᮑࡴԡ⿏㑺ᴳ੠㥋䕑
D,1,ALL ! ᅠܼ೎ᅮ1ো㡖⚍
F,5,FY,-17793 ! ᅮН⊓ⴔ-Y䕈ⱘ໻ᇣЎ17793Nⱘ䲚Ё࡯
FINISH ! 䗔ߎࠡ໘⧚῵ഫPREP7

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 ㄀ゴṕⱘᔃ᳆䯂乬

! (5) 䖯ܹ∖㾷῵ഫ∖㾷
/SOLU ! ࡴ䕑∖㾷῵ഫ
CNVTOL,F,,1E-4 ! 䆒㕂䴲㒓ᗻߚᵤⱘᬊᬯ䇃Ꮒ
CNVTOL,M,,1E-1 ! 䆒㕂䴲㒓ᗻߚᵤⱘᬊᬯ䇃Ꮒ
OUTPR,,LAST ! 䆒㕂া䕧ߎ᳔ৢϔϾ㥋䕑ℹⱘ㒧ᵰ
SOLVE ! ᓔྟ໻বᔶߚᵤⱘ䴲㒓ᗻ䗁ҷ∖㾷
FINISH ! 䗔ߎ∖㾷῵ഫSOLUTION
! (6) ೼ৢ໘⧚῵ഫˈᦤপ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
/POST1 ! 䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
END_NODE = NODE (0,3048/2,0) ! 䗝ᢽ䎱⾏(0,1524mm,0)᳔䖥ⱘ㡖⚍,ੑৡЎEND_NODE
*GET,DEF,NODE,END_NODE,U,X ! ᦤপ㡖⚍END_NODEⱘԡ⿏UX,ᄬܹব䞣DEF
ETABLE,TENS,NMISC,1 ! ҹBEAM54ⱘ᳔໻ᢝᑨ࡯(NMISC,1)Ў‫ݙ‬ᆍᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬㸼TENS
ETABLE,COMP,NMISC,2 ! ҹBEAM54ⱘ᳔໻य़ᑨ࡯(NMISC,2)Ў‫ݙ‬ᆍᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬㸼COMP
*GET,STS_TENS,ELEM,1,ETAB,TENS ! ᦤপ㄀1োऩ‫ⱘܗ‬᳔໻ᢝᑨ࡯,ᄬܹব䞣STS_TENS
*GET,STS_COMP,ELEM,1,ETAB,COMP ! ᦤপ㄀1োऩ‫ⱘܗ‬᳔໻य़ᑨ࡯,ᄬܹব䞣STS_COMP
! (7) ᇚ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ䕧ߎࠄ᭛ӊ
*DIM,LABEL,CHAR,3,2 ! ᅮН3ˆ2ᄫヺൟ᭄㒘LABEL
*DIM,VALUE,,3,3 ! ᅮН3ˆ3᭄ؐൟ᭄㒘VALUE
LABEL(1,1) = 'DEFLECTI','STRSS_TE','STRSS_CO' ! 㒭᭄㒘LABELⱘ㄀1߫฿‫ܙ‬ᷛ乬
LABEL(1,2) = 'ON (mm) ','NS (MPa)','MP (MPa)' ! 㒭᭄㒘LABELⱘ㄀2߫฿‫ܙ‬ऩԡ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,1),DATA,3.21,16.968,-16.90 ! 㒭᭄㒘VALUEⱘ㄀1߫฿‫⧚ܙ‬䆎ؐ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,2),DATA,ABS(DEF),STS_TENS,STS_COMP ! 㒭᭄㒘VALUE㄀2߫฿‫ܙ‬䅵ㅫؐ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,3),DATA,ABS(DEF/3.21),ABS(STS_TENS/16.968),ABS(STS_COMP/16.9)
/COM
/OUT, EX2_8, out ! ᇚ䕧ߎ‫ݙ‬ᆍ䞡ᅮ৥ࠄ᭛ӊEX2_8.out
/COM,------------------- EX2.8 RESULTS COMPARISON ---------------
/COM,
/COM, | TARGET | ANSYS | RATIO
/COM,
*VWRITE,LABEL(1,1),LABEL(1,2),VALUE(1,1),VALUE(1,2),VALUE(1,3)
(1X,A8,A8,' ',F10.3,' ',F10.3,' ',1F5.3)
/COM,-------------------------------------------------------------
/OUT ! 㒧ᴳ᭄᥂䞡ᅮ৥ˈ݇䯁䕧ߎ᭛ӊ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
*LIST, EX2_8, out ! ߫㸼ᰒ⼎᭛ӊEX2_8.outⱘ‫ݙ‬ᆍ

4ˊ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰঞ䅼䆎

߽⫼Ϟ䴶⿟ᑣ䅵ㅫˈᕫࠄབ㸼2.7᠔⼎ⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰঞ݊Ϣ⧚䆎ؐⱘ↨ؐDŽৃҹⳟߎˈ᳝
䰤‫ߚܗ‬ᵤ㒧ᵰ੠Ꮖ᳝ⱘᇣবᔶ⧚䆎㾷ϔ㟈DŽҢᣴᑺؐৃҹⳟߎˈ೼䖭ḋⱘ㥋䕑԰⫼ϟⱘ‫أ‬
ᖗय़㓽ᴚˈᅲ䰙বᔶϡ໻ˈ᠔ҹᇣবᔶ㾷੠᳝䰤‫ⱘܗ‬໻বᔶ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰਏড়ᕜདDŽ᠔ҹˈབ
ᵰ㒻㓁๲໻㥋䕑ˈ៪㗙๲໻‫أ‬ᖗⶽˈবᔶӮ๲໻DŽ䖭ᯊˈ⧚䆎Ϟⱘᇣবᔶ㾷ᇚϡ‫ˈ⹂ޚݡ‬
Ԛᰃ䖭䞠ⱘ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬䅵ㅫ䖛⿟ϡবˈ㗠Ϩ㛑㒭ߎ໻বᔶᚙ‫މ‬ϟⱘ‫⹂ޚ‬㾷ㄨDŽᓎ䆂䇏㗙ᅠ៤᳈
໻বᔶᚙ‫މ‬ϟⱘߚᵤDŽ

83
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

㸼2.7 ⫼Ѡ㓈䴲ᇍ⿄䫹ᔶ៾䴶ṕऩ‫ܗ‬BEAM54䅵ㅫ‫أ‬ᖗফय़ᴚⱘ໻বᔶ
᳔໻ᣴᑺ੠ᑨ࡯ ⧚ 䆎 ؐ Ansysؐ ↨ ؐ
ッ䚼᳔໻ᣴᑺ (mm) 3.210 3.201 0.997
᳔໻ᢝᑨ࡯ (MPa) 16.968 16.901 0.996
᳔໻य़ᑨ࡯ (MPa) -16.900 -16.877 0.999

84
 ㄀1ゴ ㅔऩᢝय़ᴚ㒧ᵘ

せ』ᱵ㈪⽢჉ᕖ䃐テ

3.1 ߽⫼ṕऩ‫ܗ‬䅵ㅫय़ᴚ〇ᅮᗻ

䭓ᑺl=5080mmˈϸ䖍ㅔᬃⱘय़ᴚˈᮍᔶ៾䴶ሎᇌb=12.7mm˄བ೒3.1᠔⼎˅ˈᏆⶹᔍ
ᗻ῵䞣E=207GPaˈ䆩Փ⫼Ѡ㓈ᔍᗻṕऩ‫ܗ‬BEAM3⹂ᅮ݊Ј⬠༅〇㥋䕑FDŽ

Y
P

l/2=2540mm

೒3.1 ϸッ䫄ᬃय़ᴚЈ⬠㥋䕑䅵ㅫ῵ൟ ೒3.2 य़ᴚ῵ൟⱘ㡖⚍੠ऩ‫ܗ‬Ꮧ㕂

1ˊ⧚䆎㾷

⬅Ѣ῵ൟ݇Ѣx䕈ᇍ⿄ˈ᠔ҹ೼ߚᵤЁৃҹՓ⫼1/2῵ൟҷ᳓ॳ῵ൟDŽ೼1/2῵ൟϞˈϟ
䚼ⱘ䖍⬠ᴵӊবЎ೎ᅮˈϞ䚼বЎফオ৥䲚Ё࡯԰⫼ⱘ㞾⬅ッDŽ
೼೒3.1᠔⼎ⱘതᷛ㋏ϟˈ⬅[4]:148ⱘ29ᓣৃⶹˈӏᛣԡ㕂໘ⱘᔃⶽؐЎ˖
M = Pu (3.1)
݊Ё u ᰃӏᛣԡ㕂ⱘᣴᑺDŽḍ᥂ᇣṕⱘᣴᑺᔃ᳆ᖂߚᮍ⿟˖
EI u '' = −M = − Pu (3.2)
Ҹ k 2 = P / EI ˈৃҹᕫࠄབϟᖂߚᮍ⿟˖
u ''+ k 2 u = 0 (3.3)
ℸᮍ⿟ⱘ䗮㾷Ў˖
u = C1 sin ky + C2 cos ky (3.4)
݊Ёⱘ⿃ߚᐌ᭄C1 ˈC2 ৃҹ⬅䖍⬠ᴵӊ⹂ᅮDŽ
៥Ӏ⊼ᛣࠄˈ೼ y = 0 ԡ㕂໘᳝೎ᅮッᴵӊˈेu(0)=¨ˈuĄ (0)=0⬅ℸৃҹ㾷ߎ˖C1 = 0 ˈ
C2 = −δ ˈ᠔ҹˈᔃ᳆ᖂߚᮍ⿟ⱘ䗮㾷বЎ˖
u = −δ cos ky ˄ 0 ≤ y ≤ l / 2 ˅ (3.5)
೼Ϟッ y = l / 2 ˈ᳝ u (l / 2) = 0 ˈ⬅ℸৃҹ⹂ᅮߎ˖
cos(kl / 2 ) = 0 (3.6)
⒵䎇䆹ᮍ⿟ⱘ㾷᳝˖

85
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

k l n π ˈ(n=1,2,Ă)
= (3.7)
2 2
े˖
2
P/EI=(n±/l) ˈ˄n1ˈ2ˈĂ˅ (3.8)
᠔ҹˈᕫࠄ䭓ᑺЎ l ⱘϸッ䫄ᬃय़ᴚⱘ㄀1䰊Ј⬠㥋䕑Ў˖
π 2 EI
Pcr = 2 (3.9)
l
ᇚ l = 5080 mm ˈ E = 207 GPa ˈ I = 0.2168 cm 4 ˈҷܹࠄϞ䴶݀ᓣˈᕫࠄ˖
3.142 × 207× 109 × 0.2168 ×10−8
Pcr = = 171.46 N (3.10)
5.082
2 4 4 4
䆹य़ᴚⱘᡫᔃ៾䴶ᛃᗻⶽЎ I= Ah /12 = b /12 =12.7 /12=0.2168cm DŽ

2ˊANSYS∖㾷

䆹῵ൟߦߚњ10Ͼऩ‫ˈܗ‬㡖⚍੠ऩ‫ܗ‬Ꮧ㕂བ೒3.2᠔⼎DŽЎњ‫ޣ‬ᇥ㞾⬅ᑺˈՓ⫼᠔᳝㡖
⚍೼∈ᑇᮍ৥ⱘЏ㞾⬅ᑺᴹᦣ䗄ሜ᳆῵ᗕDŽ䗮䖛ϟ䴶ℹ偸ᅠ៤ᇍय़ᴚ༅〇Ј⬠㥋䕑ⱘ䅵ㅫDŽ
(1) Շ࿌ٝё༪ົcӦ၍फ໸cಬШ೴ۤϫॸϵ೴d
⫼ऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟᅮНੑҸĀET,1,BEAM3āᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬ЎѠ㓈ᔍᗻṕऩ‫ܗ‬BEAM3DŽ⫼ᅲ
ᐌ ᭄ ᅮ Н ੑ Ҹ Ā R,1,161.29,2167.87,12.7ā ᅮ Н њ Ѡ 㓈 ṕ ⱘ ៾ 䴶 ⿃ 161.29mm2 ˈ ᛃ ᗻ ⶽ
4
2167.87mm ˈ៾䴶催ᑺ12.7mmDŽ⫼ᴤ᭭খ᭄ᅮНੑҸĀMP,EX,1,207000āᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭
2
ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EX = 207000 N/mm ˈ⫼ĀMP,PRXY,,0.3āᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨PRXY = 0.3DŽ
䖭䞠ⳕ⬹ⱘখ᭄Ў㄀Ā1ā㉏ᅲᐌ᭄DŽ
(2)Շ࿌ࠋԤۤӦ၍d
⫼㡖⚍ᅮНੑҸĀN,1ā೼തᷛॳ⚍(0,0,0)ᅮН㄀1ো㒧⚍ˈ⫼ĀN,11,,2540ā೼തᷛ
(0,2540mm,0)ᅮН㄀11ো㒧⚍DŽ⫼㡖⚍฿‫ܙ‬ੑҸĀFILLā೼㄀1ো㡖⚍੠㄀11ো㡖⚍П䯈฿
‫⫳ܙ‬៤݊ԭ㡖⚍DŽ
⫼ऩ‫ܗ‬ᅮНੑҸĀE,1,2ā䖛㡖⚍1੠㡖⚍2ᅮНऩ‫⫼ˈܗ‬ऩ‫⫳ܗ‬៤ੑҸĀEGEN,10,1,1ā
ᣝ✻ࠡ䴶ऩ‫ⱘܗ‬῵ᓣᕾ⦃10⃵ˈ⫳៤݊ԭⱘ9Ͼऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ㒣䖛䖭ѯℹ偸ˈᅠ៤њᇍय़ᴚ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬
῵ൟⱘᅮН˄བ೒3.3᠔⼎˅DŽ

೒3.3 ⫼㡖⚍੠ऩ‫᥹Ⳉܗ‬ᓎ῵⫳៤ⱘϸッ䫄ᬃⱘय़ᴚⱘ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟ

86
 ㄀ゴᴚ㋏〇ᅮᗻ䅵ㅫ

(3)ಁᄢௐࠓ༪ົcสྭၟ೯ۤ۠ၻēࢗಳௐࠓd
⫼Ā/SOLUāࡴ䕑∖㾷῵ഫDŽ⫼ߚᵤ㉏ൟᅮНੑҸĀANTYPE,STATICāᅮНߚᵤ㉏ൟ
Ў䴭࡯ߚᵤˈ⫼ĀPSTRES,ONāᠧᓔ乘ᑨ࡯䗝乍ᓔ݇ˈ㗗㰥乘ᑨ࡯ᬜᑨDŽࠄℸЎℶˈ䇏㗙
ԐТᛳ㾝ࠄњ༅〇䯂乬ⱘЏ㽕∖㾷ᗱᛇ˖‫ܜ‬ᅠ៤᳝䕈࡯԰⫼ⱘ䴭࡯ߚᵤˈ‫ݡ‬䅵ㅫ᳝䴭࡯ᬜ
ᑨⱘ῵ᗕߚᵤ䯂乬DŽᔧ῵ᗕᤃࡼⱘ乥⥛䖒ࠄ0ⱘؐˈህᰃ༅〇㥋䕑DŽ
⫼ԡ⿏㑺ᴳੑҸĀD,1,ALLā㑺ᴳ1ো㡖⚍ⱘ᠔᳝㞾⬅ᑺDŽ⫼㥋䕑࡯ᅮНੑҸĀF,11,FY, 
1ā㒭11ো㡖⚍ᮑࡴ⊓ⴔYᮍ৥ⱘऩԡ࡯DŽ⫼䕧ߎ᭄᥂䗝乍ੑҸĀOUTPR,,1ā䆒㕂া䕧ߎ
㄀1㥋䕑ℹⱘ෎ᴀ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰˈ⫼ĀSOLVEāᓔྟ䴭࡯ߚᵤ∖㾷DŽ
(4)ၼұࠩదௐࠓ੦ࣖēࠩ໻௙ௗ‫ד‬๥d
⫼ߚᵤ㉏ൟᅮНੑҸĀANTYPE,BUCKLEāᣛᅮߚᵤ㉏ൟЎሜ᳆ߚᵤDŽ⫼⡍ᕕؐ∖㾷
఼ᅮНੑҸĀBUCOPT,LANB,1āᣛᅮՓ⫼ߚഫLANCZOS⡍ᕕؐሩᓔᮍ⊩ˈাሩᓔ㄀1䰊
༅〇῵ᗕˈ⫼ሩᓔ῵ᗕϾ᭄ੑҸĀMXPAND,1ā䆒㕂ሩᓔ㄀1䰊༅〇῵ᗕˈ⫼ĀSOLVEā
ੑҸᓔྟሜ᳆ߚᵤⱘ∖㾷
(5)ඔ௜‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ڴ‬d
⫼䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰᦤপੑҸĀ*GET,FCR,MODE,1,FREQāᦤপ㄀1䰊乥⥛䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰˈᑊֱᄬ
ࠄব䞣FCRDŽ⫼⢊ᗕᰒ⼎ੑҸĀ*status,parmāᰒ⼎‫ݙ‬ᄬব䞣ⱘؐˈᕫࠄབ೒3.4᠔⼎ⱘ㒧ᵰDŽ

೒3.4 ϸッ䫄ᬃⱘय़ᴚЈ⬠༅〇㥋䕑ⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ

(6)Շ࿌೴ᆦέ२ēߜ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ڴ‬೛ѻӾำߑd

3ˊANSYS⿟ᑣ

FINISH
/CLEAR, NOSTART ! ⏙䰸᭄᥂,ϡࡴ䕑߱ྟ࣪᭛ӊ
! (1) ᅮНᎹ⿟䗝乍ǃऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟǃᅲᐌ᭄੠ᴤ᭭খ᭄
/FileName, EX3.1 ! ᅮНᎹ⿟᭛ӊৡ⿄
/PREP7 ! ࡴ䕑ࠡ໘⧚῵ഫ
/TITLE, EX3.1, BUCKLING OF A BAR WITH HINGED END BY BEAM3 ELEMENT
C*** STR. OF MATL., TIMOSHENKO, PART 2, 3RD ED., PAGE 148
ET,1,BEAM3 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬ЎѠ㓈ᔍᗻṕऩ‫ܗ‬BEAM3
R,1,161.29,2167.87,12.7 ! ᅮНṕⱘ៾䴶⿃Ў161.29mm2, ᛃᗻⶽЎ2167.87mm4,៾䴶催ᑺЎ
12.7mm
MP,EX,1,207000 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EX = 207000 N/mm 2
MP,PRXY,,0.3 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨PRXY = 0.3
! (2)ᅮН㡖⚍੠ऩ‫ܗ‬

87
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

N,1 ! ೼തᷛॳ⚍(0,0,0)ᅮН㄀1ো㒧⚍
N,11,,2540 ! ೼തᷛ(0,2540mm,0)ᅮН㄀11ো㒧⚍
FILL ! ೼㄀1ো㡖⚍੠㄀11ো㡖⚍П䯈฿‫⫳ܙ‬៤݊ԭ㡖⚍
E,1,2 ! 䖛㡖⚍1੠㡖⚍2ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬
EGEN,10,1,1 ! ᣝ✻ࠡ䴶ऩ‫ⱘܗ‬῵ᓣᕾ⦃10⃵,⫳៤݊ԭⱘ9Ͼऩ‫ܗ‬
FINISH ! 䗔ߎࠡ໘⧚῵ഫPREP7
! (3)䆒㕂∖㾷䗝乍ǃԡ⿏㑺ᴳ੠㥋䕑,ᓔྟ∖㾷
/SOLU ! ࡴ䕑∖㾷῵ഫ
ANTYPE,STATIC ! ᅮНߚᵤ㉏ൟЎ䴭࡯ߚᵤ
PSTRES,ON ! 㗗㰥乘ᑨ࡯ᬜᑨ
D,1,ALL ! 㑺ᴳ1ো㡖⚍ⱘ᠔᳝㞾⬅ᑺ
F,11,FY,-1 ! 㒭11ো㡖⚍ᮑࡴ⊓ⴔˉYᮍ৥ⱘऩԡ࡯
OUTPR,,1 ! 䆒㕂া䕧ߎ㄀1㥋䕑ℹⱘ෎ᴀ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
SOLVE ! ᓔྟ䴭࡯ߚᵤ∖㾷
FINISH ! 䗔ߎ∖㾷῵ഫ
! (4)‫⃵ݡ‬䖯ܹ∖㾷῵ഫ,䖯㸠ሜ᳆ߚᵤ
/SOLU ! ࡴ䕑∖㾷῵ഫ
ANTYPE,BUCKLE ! ᣛᅮߚᵤ㉏ൟЎሜ᳆ߚᵤ
BUCOPT,LANB,1 ! Փ⫼ߚഫLANCZOS⡍ᕕؐሩᓔᮍ⊩,াሩᓔ㄀1䰊༅〇῵ᗕ
MXPAND,1 ! ሩᓔ㄀1䰊༅〇῵ᗕ
SOLVE ! ᓔྟሜ᳆ߚᵤⱘ∖㾷
! (5)ᦤপ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
*GET,FCR,MODE,1,FREQ ! ᦤপ㄀1䰊乥⥛䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ,ᑊֱᄬࠄব䞣FCR
*status,parm ! ᰒ⼎‫ݙ‬ᄬব䞣ⱘؐ
! (6)ᅮН᭄㒘ব䞣,ᇚ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ䕧ߎࠄ᭛ӊ
*DIM,LABEL,CHAR,1,2 ! ᅮН1ˆ2ᄫヺൟ᭄㒘LABEL
*DIM,VALUE,,1,3 ! ᅮН1ˆ3᭄ؐൟ᭄㒘VALUE
LABEL(1,1) = 'Fcr ' ! 㒭LABELⱘ㄀1߫䌟ؐ
LABEL(1,2) = '(N) ' ! 㒭LABELⱘ㄀2߫䌟ؐ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,1),DATA,171.46 ! 㒭VALUEⱘ㄀1߫䌟⧚䆎ؐ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,2),DATA,FCR ! 㒭VALUEⱘ㄀2߫䌟䅵ㅫؐ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,3),DATA,ABS(FCR/171.46) ! 㒭VALUEⱘ㄀3߫䌟↨ؐ
/COM
/OUT, EX3_1, out ! ᇚ䕧ߎ‫ݙ‬ᆍ䞡ᅮ৥ࠄ᭛ӊEX3_1.out
/COM,------------------- EX3.1 RESULTS COMPARISON -------------
/COM,
/COM, | TARGET | ANSYS | RATIO
/COM,
*VWRITE,LABEL(1,1),LABEL(1,2),VALUE(1,1),VALUE(1,2),VALUE(1,3)
(1X,A8,A8,' ',F10.3,' ',F10.3,' ',1F5.3)
/COM,----------------------------------------------------------
/OUT ! 㒧ᴳ᭄᥂䞡ᅮ৥,݇䯁䕧ߎ᭛ӊ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
*LIST, EX3_1, out ! ߫㸼ᰒ⼎᭛ӊEX3_1.outⱘ‫ݙ‬ᆍ

88
 ㄀ゴᴚ㋏〇ᅮᗻ䅵ㅫ

4ˊ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ䅼䆎

䗮䖛Ϟ䴶⿟ᑣⱘ䅵ㅫˈᕫࠄ⫼ṕऩ‫ܗ‬䅵ㅫⱘϸッ䫄ᬃⱘय़ᴚЈ⬠༅〇㥋䕑ˈབ㸼3.1᠔
⼎DŽ᭄᥂ᰒ⼎ˈ䅵ㅫؐ੠⧚䆎ؐਏড়㡃དDŽ䇈ᯢ߽⫼ṕऩ‫ܗ‬䅵ㅫय़ᴚЈ⬠༅〇㥋䕑ৃҹ㦋
ᕫ‫⹂ޚ‬ᑺᕜདⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰDŽ
㸼3.1 ϸッ䫄ᬃⱘय़ᴚЈ⬠༅〇㥋䕑ⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ੠⧚䆎㒧ᵰⱘᇍ↨
Ј⬠㥋䕑 ⧚ 䆎 ؐ Ansysؐ ↨ ؐ
Ј⬠༅〇㥋䕑˄N˅ 171.460 171.623 1.001

3.2 ߽⫼ᅲԧऩ‫ܗ‬䅵ㅫय़ᴚ〇ᅮᗻ

䭓ᑺl =5080mmˈϸ䖍ㅔᬃⱘय़ᴚˈᮍᔶ៾䴶ሎᇌb=12.7mmˈᔍᗻ῵䞣E =207GPaˈ

䆩Փ⫼Ѡ㓈ᅲԧऩ‫ܗ‬PLANE42⹂ᅮ䆹य़ᴚⱘЈ⬠༅〇㥋䕑DŽ

b=12.7mm
l/2=2540mm

l/2=2540mm

೒3.5 ϸッ䫄ᬃय़ᴚ䅵ㅫ῵ൟ⼎ᛣ೒ ೒3.6 ⫼ᅲԧऩ‫ܗ‬῵ᢳय़ᴚ༅〇䅵ㅫⱘ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟ

1ˊ⧚䆎㾷

⧚䆎ߚᵤঞ᭄݊ؐ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰৠࠡϔ㡖DŽ

2ˊANSYSߚᵤ

⬅Ѣ῵ൟ݇Ѣx䕈ᇍ⿄ˈ᠔ҹ೼᳝䰤‫ߚܗ‬ᵤЁˈৃҹՓ⫼1/2῵ൟҷ᳓ॳ῵ൟDŽ೼1/2῵
ൟϞˈϟ䚼ⱘ䖍⬠ᴵӊবЎ೎ᅮˈϞ䚼বЎফオ৥䲚Ё࡯԰⫼ⱘ㞾⬅ッ˄བ೒3.6᠔⼎˅DŽ
ϟ䴶㒭ߎ∖㾷䖛⿟੠䇈ᯢDŽ
(1)ಁᄢٝё༪ົcӦ၍फ໸cಬШ೴ۤϫॸϵ೴d
⫼ऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟᅮНੑҸĀET,1,PLANE42,,,3āᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬ЎѠ㓈೎ԧऩ‫ܗ‬PLANE42ˈ
খ᭄Ā3ā㸼⼎㗗㰥८ᑺⱘᑇ䴶ऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ⫼ᅲᐌ᭄ᅮНੑҸĀR,1,12.7āᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬८ᑺЎ12.7mmDŽ
2
⫼ᴤ᭭খ᭄ᅮНੑҸ ĀMP,EX,1,207000āᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EX=207000 N/mm ˈ
⫼ĀMP,PRXY,,0.3āᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨PRXY = 0.3ˈ䖭䞠ⳕ⬹њ咬䅸ؐĀ1āDŽ
(2) Շ࿌ࠋԤۤӦ၍d

89
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

⫼㡖⚍ᅮНੑҸĀN,1ā೼തᷛॳ⚍(0,0,0)ᅮН㄀1ো㒧⚍ˈ⫼ĀN,11,,2540ā೼തᷛ
(0,2540mm,0)ᅮН㄀11ো㒧⚍DŽ⫼㡖⚍฿‫⫳ܙ‬៤ੑҸĀFILLā೼㄀1ো㡖⚍੠㄀11ো㡖⚍П
䯈฿‫⫳ܙ‬៤݊ԭ㡖⚍DŽ
⫼㡖⚍⫳៤ੑҸĀNGEN,2,11,1,11,,12.7āᕾ⦃2⃵ˈ㡖⚍ো๲䞣11ˈᣝ1ো㡖⚍ࠄ11ো
㡖⚍ⱘ㣗ೈˈ Xതᷛ๲ࡴ12.7mmˈ⫳៤12োࠄ22ো㡖⚍DŽ NGENੑҸⱘḐᓣᰃ ĀNGEN, ITIME,
INC, NODE1, NODE2, NINC, DX, DY, DZ, SPACEāˈ㸼⼎ᕾ⦃ITIME⃵˄ࣙᣀॳᴹⱘ䙷ϔ
ᡍ㡖⚍˅ˈ↣⃵㡖⚍ো๲ࡴINCϾˈᣝ✻ҢNODE1ࠄNODE2ˈ๲䞣ЎNINCⱘ㡖⚍㣗ೈˈ
↣⃵ᕾ⦃ᯊ3Ͼതᷛ๲䞣ЎDXˈDY੠DZˈĀSPACEāᰃ䯈䱨↨՟಴ᄤDŽ
⫼ऩ‫ܗ‬ᅮНੑҸ ĀE,12,13,2,1ā䖛 㡖 ⚍12, 13, 2੠1ᅮ Н ऩ ‫ܗ‬DŽ ⫼ऩ‫⫳ܗ‬៤ੑҸ
ĀEGEN,10,1,1āᕾ⦃10⃵ˈ↣⃵ऩ‫ⱘܗ‬㡖⚍ো๲ࡴ1ˈ⫳៤݊ԭⱘ9Ͼऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ
(3) Շ࿌ௐࠓ༪ົcสྭၟ೯ۤ۠ၻॏēωࢗಳࡁॏ‫ד‬๥ԅௐࠓd
⫼Ā/SOLUāࡴ䕑∖㾷῵ഫDŽ⫼ĀPSTRES,ONāᠧᓔ乘ᑨ࡯ᓔ݇ˈ㗗㰥乘ᑨ࡯ᬜᑨDŽ
⫼ԡ⿏㑺ᴳੑҸĀD,1,ALL,,,12,11ā㑺ᴳ1ো㡖⚍ⱘ᠔᳝㞾⬅ᑺDŽ⫼㥋䕑࡯ᅮНੑҸĀF,11,FY,
.5,,22,11ā㒭㞾⬅ッⱘ㡖⚍ᮑࡴᑇഛߚ䜡ⱘ㥋䕑࡯DŽ㒣䖛䖭ѯℹ偸ৢˈᕫࠄབ೒3.7᠔⼎ⱘ
䅵ㅫ῵ൟDŽ⬅Ѣᅲԧऩ‫∈ⱘܗ‬ᑇᮍ৥ⱘϸϾ㡖⚍Ⳍ䎱ᕜ䖥ˈ᠔ҹᰒ⼎ᯊ䞡੠೼њϔ䍋DŽ

೒3.7 ⫼ᅲԧऩ‫⫳ܗ‬៤ⱘय़ᴚ༅〇䅵ㅫⱘ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟ

⫼䕧ߎ䗝ᢽ䆒㕂ੑҸĀOUTPR,,1ā䆒㕂া䕧ߎ㄀1㥋䕑ℹⱘ෎ᴀ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰˈ⫼ĀSOLVEā
ᓔྟ䴭࡯ߚᵤⱘ∖㾷DŽ
(4)ၼұࠩదௐࠓ੦ࣖēࠩ໻௙ௗ‫ד‬๥d
⫼ߚᵤ㉏ൟᅮНੑҸĀANTYPE,BUCKLEāᅮНߚᵤ㉏ൟЎሜ᳆ߚᵤDŽ⫼⡍ᕕؐ∖㾷
఼ᅮНੑҸĀBUCOPT,SUBSP,1āᣛᅮՓ⫼ᄤぎ䯈∖㾷ᮍ⊩ˈሩᓔ1䰊༅〇῵ᗕDŽ⫼῵ᗕሩ
ᓔϾ᭄ᅮНੑҸĀMXPAND,1āᣛᅮাሩᓔ㄀1䰊༅〇῵ᗕDŽ⫼ĀSOLVEāੑҸᓔྟ⡍ᕕ
ؐ䯂乬ⱘ∖㾷DŽ
(5)ඔ௜‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ڴ‬d

90
 ㄀ゴᴚ㋏〇ᅮᗻ䅵ㅫ

⫼䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰᦤপੑҸĀ*GET,FCR1,MODE,1,FREQāᦤপ㄀1䰊乥⥛䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰˈᑊֱᄬ
ࠄব䞣FCR1DŽ⫼⢊ᗕᰒ⼎ੑҸ Ā*status,parmāᰒ⼎‫ݙ‬ᄬব䞣ⱘؐˈᕫࠄབ೒3.8᠔⼎ⱘ
㒧ᵰDŽ

೒3.8 ⫼ᅲԧऩ‫ܗ‬䅵ㅫय़ᴚ༅〇ⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ

(6) Շ࿌೴ᆦέ२ēߜ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ڴ‬೛ѻӾำߑd
(7) ‫؟‬ဈୣ൐උჸᄔௐࠓֺ֥d
⫼ĀBUCOPT,LANB ,1āᣛᅮՓ⫼ߚഫLANCZOS∖㾷ᮍ⊩ˈሩᓔ1䰊༅〇῵ᗕˈ⫼
ĀSOLVEāੑҸᓔྟ῵ᗕ∖㾷DŽ
(8)ມವ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ڴ‬d
⫼Ā*GET,FCR2,MODE,1,FREQāᦤপ㄀1䰊乥⥛䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰˈᑊֱᄬࠄব䞣FCR2DŽ⫼
Ā*status,parmāᰒ⼎‫ݙ‬ᄬব䞣ⱘؐ˄བ೒3.9᠔⼎˅DŽ

೒3.9 ⫼ᅲԧऩ‫ܗ‬䅵ㅫय़ᴚ༅〇ⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ

(9)Շ࿌೴ᆦέ२, ߜ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ڴ‬೛ѻӾำߑd

3ˊANSYS⿟ᑣ

FINISH
/CLEAR, NOSTART ! ⏙䰸᭄᥂, ϡࡴ䕑߱ྟ࣪᭛ӊ
! (1)䆒㕂Ꮉ⿟䗝乍ǃ ऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟǃᅲᐌ᭄੠ᴤ᭭খ᭄
/FILENAME, EX3.2 ! ᅮНᎹ⿟᭛ӊৡ⿄
/PREP7 ! ࡴ䕑ࠡ໘⧚῵ഫ
/TITLE, EX3.2, BUCKLING OF A BAR WITH HINGED BY PLANE42 ELEMENT
C*** STR. OF MATL., TIMOSHENKO, PART 2, 3RD ED., PAGE 148
ET,1,PLANE42,,,3 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬ЎѠ㓈೎ԧऩ‫ܗ‬PLANE42
R,1,12.7 ! ᅮНᮍᵓ८ᑺЎ12.7mm

91
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

MP,EX,1, 207000 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EX = 207000 N/mm^2

MP,PRXY,,0.3 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨PRXY = 0.3
! (2) ᅮН㡖⚍੠ऩ‫ܗ‬
N,1 ! ೼തᷛॳ⚍(0,0,0)ᅮН㄀1ো㒧⚍
N,11,,2540 ! ೼തᷛ (0,2540mm,0)ᅮН㄀11ো㒧⚍
FILL ! ೼㄀1ো㡖⚍੠㄀11ো㡖⚍П䯈฿‫⫳ܙ‬៤݊ԭ㡖⚍
! NGEN, ITIME, INC, NODE1, NODE2, NINC, DX, DY, DZ, SPACE
NGEN,2,11,1,11,,12.7 ! ᕾ⦃2⃵, 㡖⚍ো๲䞣11, ᣝ1ো㡖⚍ࠄ11ো㡖⚍ⱘ㣗ೈ, Xത
ᷛ๲ࡴ12.7mmDŽ⫳៤12োࠄ22ো㡖⚍DŽ
E,12,13,2,1 ! 䖛㡖⚍12, 13, 2੠1ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬
EGEN,10,1,1 ! ᕾ⦃10⃵, ↣⃵ऩ‫ⱘܗ‬㡖⚍ো๲ࡴ1
FINISH ! 䗔ߎࠡ໘⧚῵ഫPREP7
! (3) ᅮН∖㾷䗝乍, ԡ⿏㑺ᴳ੠㥋䕑࡯, ᑊᓔྟ䴭࡯ߚᵤⱘ∖㾷
/SOLU ! ࡴ䕑∖㾷῵ഫ
PSTRES,ON ! 㗗㰥乘ᑨ࡯ᬜᑨ
D,1,ALL,,,12,11 ! ԡ⿏㑺ᴳ᠔᳝㞾⬅ᑺ
F,11,FY,-.5,,22,11 ! ᇚऩԡ㥋䕑ᑇഛߚ䜡ࠄ㞾⬅ッⱘ㡖⚍Ϟ
OUTPR,,1 ! 䆒㕂া䕧ߎ㄀1㥋䕑ℹⱘ෎ᴀ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
SOLVE ! ᓔྟ䴭࡯ߚᵤⱘ∖㾷
FINISH ! 䗔ߎ∖㾷῵ഫSOLUTION
! (4)‫⃵ݡ‬䖯ܹ∖㾷῵ഫ, 䖯㸠ሜ᳆ߚᵤ
/SOLU ! ࡴ䕑∖㾷῵ഫ
ANTYPE,BUCKLE ! ᅮНߚᵤ㉏ൟЎሜ᳆ߚᵤ
BUCOPT,SUBSP,1 ! Փ⫼ᄤぎ䯈∖㾷ᮍ⊩, ሩᓔ1䰊༅〇῵ᗕ
MXPAND,1 ! ሩᓔ㄀1䰊༅〇῵ᗕ
SOLVE ! ᓔྟ⡍ᕕؐ䯂乬ⱘ∖㾷
! (5)ᦤপ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
*GET,FCR1,MODE,1,FREQ ! ᦤপ㄀1䰊乥⥛䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ, ᑊֱᄬࠄব䞣FCR1
*status,parm ! ᰒ⼎‫ݙ‬ᄬব䞣ⱘؐ
! (6) ᅮН᭄㒘ব䞣, ᇚ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ䕧ߎࠄ᭛ӊ
*DIM,LABEL,CHAR,1,2 ! ᅮН1ˆ2ᄫヺൟ᭄㒘LABEL
*DIM,VALUE,,1,3 ! ᅮН1ˆ3᭄ؐൟ᭄㒘VALUE
LABEL(1,1) = 'Fcr ' ! 㒭LABELⱘ㄀1߫䌟ؐ
LABEL(1,2) = '(N)' ! 㒭LABELⱘ㄀2߫䌟ؐ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,1),DATA,171.46 ! 㒭VALUEⱘ㄀1߫䌟⧚䆎ؐ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,2),DATA,FCR1 ! 㒭VALUEⱘ㄀2߫䌟䅵ㅫؐ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,3),DATA,ABS(FCR1/171.46)
/COM
/OUT, EX3_2, out ! ᇚ䕧ߎ‫ݙ‬ᆍ䞡ᅮ৥ࠄ᭛ӊ
/COM,------------------- EX3.2 RESULTS COMPARISON -------------
/COM,
/COM, | TARGET | ANSYS | RATIO
/COM,
/COM, Subspace Solution

92
 ㄀ゴᴚ㋏〇ᅮᗻ䅵ㅫ

*VWRITE,LABEL(1,1),LABEL(1,2),VALUE(1,1),VALUE(1,2),VALUE(1,3)
(1X,A8,A8,' ',F10.3,' ',F10.3,' ',1F5.3)
/COM,----------------------------------------------------------
/OUT ! 㒧ᴳ᭄᥂䞡ᅮ৥, ݇䯁䕧ߎ᭛ӊ
FINISH
! (7)ᬍ⫼݊Ҫ⡍ᕕؐ∖㾷ᮍ⊩
/SOLU ! 䖯ܹ∖㾷῵ഫ
BUCOPT,LANB ,1 ! Փ⫼ߚഫLANCZOS∖㾷ᮍ⊩, ሩᓔ1䰊༅〇῵ᗕ
SOLVE ! ᓔྟ῵ᗕ∖㾷
! (8)ᰒ⼎䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
*GET,FCR2,MODE,1,FREQ ! ᦤপ㄀1䰊乥⥛䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ, ᑊֱᄬࠄব䞣FCR2
*status,parm ! ᰒ⼎‫ݙ‬ᄬব䞣ⱘؐ
! (9)ᅮН᭄㒘ব䞣, ᇚ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ䕧ߎࠄ᭛ӊ
*DIM,LABEL,CHAR,1,2 ! ᅮН1ˆ2ᄫヺൟ᭄㒘LABEL
*DIM,VALUE,,1,3 ! ᅮН1ˆ3᭄ؐൟ᭄㒘VALUE
LABEL(1,1) = 'Fcr ' ! 㒭LABELⱘ㄀1߫䌟ؐ
LABEL(1,2) = '(N)' ! 㒭LABELⱘ㄀2߫䌟ؐ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,1),DATA,171.46 ! 㒭VALUEⱘ㄀1߫䌟⧚䆎ؐ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,2),DATA,FCR2 ! 㒭VALUEⱘ㄀2߫䌟䅵ㅫؐ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,3),DATA,ABS(FCR2/171.46) ! 㒭VALUEⱘ㄀3߫䌟↨ؐ
/COM
/OUT, EX3_2,out,,APPEND ! ᇚ䕧ߎ‫ݙ‬ᆍ䞡ᅮ৥ࠄ᭛ӊ, 䞛⫼䗑ࡴᮍᓣ
/COM,
/COM, Block-Lanczos Solution
*VWRITE,LABEL(1,1),LABEL(1,2),VALUE(1,1),VALUE(1,2),VALUE(1,3)
(1X,A8,A8,' ',F10.3,' ',F10.3,' ',1F5.3)
/COM,----------------------------------------------------------
/OUT ! 㒧ᴳ᭄᥂䞡ᅮ৥, ݇䯁䕧ߎ᭛ӊ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
*LIST, EX3_2, out ! ߫㸼ᰒ⼎᭛ӊ‫ݙ‬ᆍ

4ˊ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰঞ䅼䆎

㸼3.2 ⫼ᅲԧऩ‫ܗ‬䅵ㅫϸッ䫄ᬃⱘय़ᴚЈ⬠༅〇㥋䕑ⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ੠⧚䆎㒧ᵰⱘᇍ↨
䅵 ㅫ ᮍ ⊩ ⧚ 䆎 ؐ Ansysؐ ↨ ؐ
ߚഫLanczosᮍ⊩ 171.460 N 172.341 N 1.005
ᄤぎ䯈ᮍ⊩ 171.460 N 172.317 N 1.005

3.3  㞖य़ᴚⱘ䖛᳆ሜߚᵤ
2
ᴚ䭓l=2540mmⱘ㒚䭓 㞖य़ᴚˈ៾䴶䴶⿃A=161.28mm ˈ៾䴶催ᑺh=12.7mmˈᔍᗻ῵
䞣E=207PGaˈ೼㞾⬅ッফࠄ໻ѢЈ⬠㥋䕑ⱘ䲚Ё࡯԰⫼ˈ䆩߽⫼Ѡ㓈ṕऩ‫ܗ‬BEAM3⹂ᅮ

93
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೼F/Fcr = 1.015; 1.063; 1.152; 1.293; 1.518੠1.884ㄝ㥋䕑԰⫼ϟ㞾⬅ッⱘ∈ᑇԡ⿏? Xˈオ৥

ԡ⿏? Y੠䕀㾦T ˄೒3.10˅DŽ

X Y
F

l = 2540mm

X
X

೒3.10  㞖य़ᴚ䖛ሜ᳆ߚᵤⱘ䅵ㅫ῵ൟ ೒3.11  㞖य़ᴚ䖛ሜ᳆ߚᵤⱘ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟ

1ˊ⧚䆎㾷

ď1Đག‫ئ‬Ӗέ໹෵ௗࣅᄥֺёd
[22]:77(a)
ᇍѢय़ᴚⱘ໻বᔶ䯂乬ˈ䳔㽕ᓩܹᓻ䭓തᷛ㸼⼎ⱘᔃ᳆ᖂߚᮍ⿟ˈे˖
dθ
EI = −P y (3.11)
ds
ᇍϞᓣᖂߚˈᑊབϟ݇㋏˖
dy
= sin θ (3.12)
ds
៥Ӏᕫࠄ˖
d 2θ
EI 2 = − P sin θ (3.13)
ds
ℸᯊⱘᮍ⿟ᔶᓣ᳝⚍‫ڣ‬៥Ӏᴤ᭭࡯ᄺЁⱘϔ㠀ṕⱘᔃ᳆ᖂߚᮍ⿟DŽ
ď2Đࣅᄥֺёௐࠓd
ᇍϞᓣⱘϸ䖍ৠЬ d θ ˈᑊ݇Ѣ d θ ⿃ߚˈᕫࠄ˖
d 2θ dθ
∫ ds 2 ds ds = −k ∫ sin θ dθ
2
(3.14)

݊Ёˈ k 2 = P /(EI ) ˈ䆹ᮍ⿟ৃҹ㸼⼎៤˖

1 d ⎛ dθ ⎞
2

∫ ⎟ ds = −k ∫ sin θ dθ
2 (3.15)
⎜
2 ds ⎝ ds ⎠
⬅ℸᕫࠄ˖
1 ⎛ dθ ⎞
2

⎟ = k cos θ + C
2 (3.16)
⎜
2 ⎝ ds ⎠
݊Ёⱘ⿃ߚᐌ᭄Cৃҹ⬅Ϟッⱘ䖍⬠ᴵӊᴹ⹂ᅮDŽ

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ď3ĐΨ࠘ඨߑd
೼ϞッⱘᔃⶽؐㄝѢ䳊ˈे˖
dθ
( )x =l = 0 (3.17)
ds
⬅ℸ⹂ᅮߎ˖
C = −k 2 cosα
݊Ёˈ α ᰃϞッⱘ䕀㾦DŽ᠔ҹᣴᑺᮍ⿟বЎ˖
⎛ d θ ⎞ = 2k 2 (cos θ − cos α )
2

⎜ ⎟ (3.18)
⎝ ds ⎠
៪㗙
dθ
= ± k 2 cosθ − cos α (3.19)
ds
⬅Ѣ dθ / ds ᘏᰃᇣѢ䳊ⱘˈ᠔ҹϞᓣЁⱘℷ䋳োাপ䋳োˈҢ㗠ᕫࠄᖂߚᮍ⿟˖
dθ
ds = − (3.20)
k 2 cosθ − cos α
ď4Đߜࠓӓ‫ܤ‬น෧ၕ‫דݲ‬d
ᭈϾᴚ䭓ৃҹ䗮䖛ᇍϞᓣⱘᅮ⿃ߚ㗠ᕫࠄˈे˖
dθ 1 dθ
α
l = ∫ ds = ∫ = ∫ (3.21)
k 2 cosθ − cosα 2k 0 α θ
sin 2 − sin 2
2 2
䖭Ͼᖂߚᮍ⿟ᰃ᮴⊩ᕫࠄ㾷ᵤ㾷ⱘˈ᠔ҹ៥Ӏ䗮䖛ҹϟবᤶ㦋ᕫ㄀1㉏ἁ೚⿃ߚDŽ佪‫ܜ‬
ᓩܹϟ䴶বᤶˈᇚ݇Ѣ θ ⱘ⿃ߚ䕀ᤶЎ φ ⱘ⿃ߚˈᑊҸ p = sin ˈे˖
α
2
θ α
sin = p sin φ = sin sin φ (3.22)
2 2
߭˖
2 p cos φ dφ 2 p cos φ d φ
dθ = = (3.23)
cos(θ /2) 1 − p 2 sin 2 φ
α θ
− sin 2 = p cos φ
sin 2 (3.24)
2 2
᠔ҹˈᕫࠄ㄀1㉏ᅠܼἁ೚⿃ߚ˖
1 π /2 dφ 1
l = ∫0 = K ( p) (3.25)
1 − p sin φ k
2 2
k
䖭Ͼ݇㋏ᓣৃҹᚳϔഄ⹂ᅮ㥋䕑䞣 k = P /(EI ) ੠বᔶ䞣 p = sin α / 2 П䯈ⱘᇍᑨ݇
㋏DŽ㄀1㉏ᅠܼἁ೚⿃ߚ K ( p ) ৃҹ䗮䖛ᶹ㸼ˈ៪㗙݊Ҫ䗮⫼⿟ᑣ䅵ㅫDŽ
ď5Đག‫໌ئ‬έ໹ನԅং࠘۠ၻd
ᔧय़ᴚⱘবᔶ䞣䴲ᐌᇣᯊˈα ੠ p г䴲ᐌᇣˈ಴㗠ϞᓣЁⱘ p 2 sin 2 φ ੠1乍↨ᕜᇣˈৃ
ҹᗑ⬹ϡ䅵ˈ᠔ҹϞᓣㅔ࣪Ў˖

95
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

1 π /2 π π EI
k ∫0
l=
d φ = = (3.26)
2k 2 P
᠔ҹˈᇍᑨѢ䖭⾡ᚙᔶⱘय़ᴚЈ⬠༅〇㥋䕑Ў˖
π 2 EI
P = Pcr = (3.27)
4 l2
ď6ĐӖέ໹෵ௗನԅ۠ၻd
ϔ㠀ഄˈ䱣ⴔবᔶⱘ๲໻ˈ α ๲໻ˈ⿃ߚ K ੠㥋䕑 P г๲໻DŽ↨བᔧ α = 60 0 ᯊˈ
p = sin α / 2 = 1 / 2 DŽҢἁ೚⿃ߚ㸼ৃҹᶹ㸼ᕫߎ K (1/2) = 1.686 ˈ಴ℸˈ
l = 1.686 EI / P , P = 2.842 EI / l 2
ᣝ✻㥋䕑ϢЈ⬠㥋䕑ⱘ↨ؐˈৃҹ㸼⼎Ў˖
P 4 × 2.842
= = 1.152 (3.28)
Pcr π2
䖭ḋ䖛ሜ᳆㥋䕑 P ↨Ј⬠㥋䕑 Pcr ໻15.2%ˈৠᯊᓩ䍋њッ䚼60ᑺ䕀㾦ⱘᔃ᳆বᔶDŽ
ď7Đག‫ئ‬Ӗέ໹෵ௗέ໹‫ޙ‬സd
य़ᴚবᔶৃҹ䗮䖛ࠡ䴶ⱘবᔶ޴ԩ݇㋏(3.1)ˈᕫࠄ˖
sin θ dθ
dy = sin θ ds = − (3.29)
k 2 cosθ − cos α
߭㞾⬅ッⱘᣴᑺЎ˖
1 α sin θ dθ
ya =
2k ∫
sin α / 2 − sin θ / 2
0 2 2
(3.30)

߽⫼(3.8)ᓣⱘবᤶˈ៥Ӏᕫࠄ˖
θ
cos = 1 − p 2 sin 2 φ (3.31)
2
‫ ⫼߽ݡ‬sin θ = 2 sin(θ /2)cos(θ /2) ˈᕫࠄ˖
sin θ = 2 p sin φ 1 − p 2 sin 2 φ (3.32)
ᇚ(3.9)ˈ(3.10)੠(3.17)ҷܹ(3.15)ˈᕫࠄ
2p π/2 2p
ya =
k ∫0
sin φ dφ =
k
(3.33)

䖭ḋ៥Ӏህᕫࠄ䅵ㅫবᔶⱘ໻㟈ℹ偸བϟ˖㒭ᅮ α ៪㗙 p ˈ佪‫˄⬅ܜ‬3.11˅⹂ᅮ k ˈ✊
ৢ‫ݡ‬Ң˄3.18˅ᓣ⹂ᅮ ya DŽ
՟བ˖ᔧ α = 60 0 ᯊˈ p = 1 / 2 DŽҢἁ೚⿃ߚ㸼ৃҹᶹ㸼ᕫߎ K (1/2) = 1.686 ˈ಴ℸˈ
l
ya = = 0.593 l (3.34)
1.686
߽⫼ৠḋⱘᮍ⊩ˈৃҹᕫࠄय़ᴚᔃ᳆ᯊ䕈৥ԡ⿏݀ᓣ˖
2 π /2 2
xa = ∫ 1 − p 2 sin 2 φ dφ − l = E( p ) − l (3.35)
k 0 k
݊Ёˈ E( p) ᰃ㄀2㉏ᅠܼἁ೚⿃ߚDŽ
ϟ䴶㸼3.3㒭ߎⱘᰃ߽⫼ࠡ䴶ⱘ㥋䕑݀ᓣ˄3.11˅ˈ῾৥ԡ⿏݀ᓣ˄3.18˅੠䕈৥ԡ⿏

96
 ㄀ゴᴚ㋏〇ᅮᗻ䅵ㅫ

݀ᓣ˄3.20˅㒭ߎⱘ㥋䕑੠य़ᴚᔃ᳆বᔶП䯈ⱘ݇㋏˖[22]:79
㸼3.3 य़ᴚ䖛ሜ᳆ⱘ㥋䕑Ϣবᔶⱘᇍᑨ݇㋏
a 00 200 400 600 800 1000 1200
P/pa 1 1.015 1.063 1.152 1.293 1.518 1.884
xa/l 1 0.970 0.881 0.741 0.560 0.349 0.123
ya/l 0 0.220 0.422 0.593 0.719 0.792 0.803

݊ЁˈЈ⬠㥋䕑 Pcr = π 2 EI / 4 / l 2

2ˊANSYSߚᵤ
2 2
প㥋䕑ℹF/Fcr = 1.015; 1.063; 1.152; 1.293; 1.518੠1.884ˈ݊ЁⱘЈ⬠㥋䕑Fcr = p Ei/4/l
4 4
=171.5NˈṕⱘᡫᔃᛃᗻⶽI = h /12 =2167.86mm DŽ
೼㄀ϔϾ㥋䕑ℹϞˈᮑࡴϔϾᕜᇣⱘ῾৥ᡄࡼ࡯ˈ༅य़ᴚѻ⫳ᖂᇣᔃ᳆DŽ䱣ৢⱘߚᵤ
ህϡ‫ݡ‬䳔㽕䖭Ͼᡄࡼ࡯њˈ㥋䕑ⱘᮑࡴᰃ‫ܜ‬ᇚॳ᳝῵ൟϞⱘ࡯এᥝˈᮑࡴᮄⱘ㥋䕑䖯㸠䴲
㒓ᗻ䗁ҷ䅵ㅫˈⳈࠄᬊᬯDŽ䖭䞠䗝পⱘ᳔໻䗁ҷ⃵᭄Ў250⃵ˈ䖭Ͼ⃵᭄ձ᥂ϡৠⱘ䯂乬੠
ᰃ৺ᬊᬯⱘᴵӊᴹ䆒ᅮDŽ
ϟ䴶㒭ߎⱘᰃ∖㾷य़ᴚ䖛ሜ᳆ⱘЏ㽕ℹ偸੠䇈ᯢDŽ
(1)ಁᄢٝё༪ົcӦ၍फ໸cಬШ೴ۤϫॸϵ೴d
⫼ ߚ ᵤ ㉏ ൟ ᅮ Н ੑ Ҹ Ā ANTYPE,STATIC ā ᅮ Н ߚ ᵤ ㉏ ൟ Ў 䴭 ࡯ ߚ ᵤ ˈ ᑊ ⫼
ĀNLGEOM,ONā▔⌏໻বᔶ䗝乍DŽ⫼ऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟᅮНੑҸĀET,1,BEAM3,,,,,,,1āᅮН㄀1㉏
ऩ‫ܗ‬ЎѠ㓈ᔍᗻṕऩ‫ܗ‬BEAM3ˈ݇䯁䕧ߎ䗝乍DŽ
⫼ ᅲ ᐌ ᭄ ᅮ Н ੑ Ҹ Ā R,1,161.29,2167.86,12.7 āᅮН㄀ 1㉏ ᅲ ᐌ ᭄˖ ṕ ⱘ ៾ 䴶 ⿃ Ў
2 4
161.29mm ˈ ᛃ ᗻ ⶽ Ў 2167.86mm ˈ ៾ 䴶 催 ᑺ Ў 12.7mm DŽ ⫼ ᴤ ᭭ খ ᭄ ᅮ Н ੑ Ҹ
2
ĀMP,EX,1,207000āᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EX = 207000 N/mm ˈ⫼ĀMP,PRXY,,0.3ā
ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨PRXY = 0.3DŽ䖭䞠ⳕ⬹ⱘখ᭄ᰃ咬䅸ؐĀ1āDŽ
(2) Շ࿌ࠋԤۤӦ၍d
⫼㡖⚍ᅮНੑҸĀN,1ā೼തᷛॳ⚍(0,0,0)ᅮН㄀1ো㒧⚍ˈ⫼ĀN,11,,2540ā೼തᷛ
(0,2540mm,0)ᅮН㄀11ো㒧⚍DŽ⫼㡖⚍฿‫⫳ܙ‬៤ੑҸĀFILLā೼㄀1ো㡖⚍੠㄀11ো㡖⚍П
䯈฿‫⫳ܙ‬៤݊ԭ㡖⚍DŽ
⫼ऩ‫ܗ‬ᅮНੑҸĀE,1,2ā䖛㡖⚍1੠㡖⚍2ᅮНऩ‫⫼ˈܗ‬ऩ‫⫳ܗ‬៤ੑҸĀEGEN,10,1,1ā
ᣝ✻ࠡ䴶ऩ‫ⱘܗ‬῵ᓣᕾ⦃10⃵ˈ⫳៤݊ԭⱘ9Ͼऩ‫˄ܗ‬೒3.11˅DŽ
(3) ಁᄢௐࠓ༪ົcสྭၟ೯ۤ۠ၻēࢗಳௐࠓd
⫼Ā/SOLUāࡴ䕑∖㾷῵ഫৢˈ⫼䴲㒓ᗻ∖㾷᥻ࠊ䗝乍ੑҸĀSOLCONTROL,0āᣛᅮ
ϡՓ⫼˄⫼খ᭄0ᴹ㸼⼎˅᳔Ӭ࣪ⱘ䴲㒓ᗻ∖㾷఼ˈᑊ⫼ĀNEQIT,250āᣛᅮ᳔໻ⱘ䴲㒓ᗻ
঴ҷ⃵᭄Ў250⃵DŽ⫼䕧ߎ乍䆒㕂ੑҸĀOUTPR,BASIC,LASTā䆒㕂া䕧ߎ᳔ৢϔϾ㥋䕑
ℹⱘ෎ᴀ‫ݙ‬ᆍDŽ
⫼ԡ⿏㑺ᴳੑҸĀD,1,ALLā㑺ᴳ1ো㡖⚍ⱘ᠔᳝㞾⬅ᑺDŽ⫼ব䞣ᅮНੑҸĀFCR=171.5ā
ᅮНব䞣FCRЎय़ᴚ༅〇ⱘЈ⬠㥋䕑ؐ171.5NDŽ⫼ĀPI=3.14159265359āᅮНখ᭄PiDŽ⫼㥋

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䕑ᅮНੑҸĀF,11,FY,FCR*1.015ā㒭11ো㡖⚍Yᮍ৥ᮑࡴ䕈৥㥋䕑ˈ⫼ĀF,11,FX,1āᮑࡴ
䴲ᐌᇣⱘ῾৥㥋䕑1NDŽ⫼∖㾷ੑҸĀSOLVEāᓔྟ∖㾷㄀1Ͼ㥋䕑ℹDŽ
(4)႙ަ۠ၻē‫ޟ‬༣ௐࠓd
⫼ߴ䰸㥋䕑ੑҸĀFDEL,11,FXā⿏এࠡ䴶ᮑࡴ೼11ো㡖⚍ⱘXᮍ৥Ϟⱘ῾৥㥋䕑DŽ⫼
㥋䕑ᅮНੑҸĀF,11,FY,FCR*1.063ā䞡ᮄ㒭11ো㡖⚍ᮑࡴ᳈໻ⱘ䕈৥㥋䕑ˈ⫼ĀSOLVEā
ੑҸᓔྟ∖㾷㥋䕑ℹ2DŽ
⫼ĀF,11,FY,FCR*1.152ā㒭11ো㡖⚍ᮑࡴ᳈໻ⱘ䕈৥㥋䕑ˈ⫼ĀSOLVEāᓔྟ∖㾷㥋
䕑ℹ3DŽ⫼ĀF,11,FY,FCR*1.293ā㒭11ো㡖⚍ᮑࡴ᳈໻ⱘ䕈৥㥋䕑ˈ⫼ĀSOLVEāᓔྟ∖
㾷㥋䕑ℹ4DŽ⫼ĀF,11,FY,FCR*1.518ā㒭11ো㡖⚍ᮑࡴ᳈໻ⱘ䕈৥㥋䕑ˈ⫼ĀSOLVEāᓔ
ྟ∖㾷㥋䕑ℹ5DŽ⫼ĀF,11,FY,FCR*1.884ā㒭11ো㡖⚍ᮑࡴ᳈໻ⱘ䕈৥㥋䕑ˈ⫼ĀSOLVEā
ᓔྟ∖㾷㥋䕑ℹ6DŽ
(5)ၽྡྷ͎‫҉܊‬स੦ࣖᄯē‫ݛ‬ᄥ‫܊‬௙ௗ‫ٲ‬໸෍d
⫼Ā/POST1ā䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫDŽ⫼Ā/USERāੑҸᅮН⫼᠋㞾ᅮНⱘ⛺⚍੠㾖ᆳ
䎱⾏ˈ⫼⛺⚍ᅮНੑҸĀ/FOCUS,,870,1270āᇚതᷛ㋏Ϟⱘ˄0,870mm,1270mm˅㕂Ѣሣᐩ
ЁᖗˈՓ೒ᔶᇍ䈵ሙЁDŽ⫼㾖ᆳ䎱⾏䆒㕂ੑҸĀ/DIST,,1397ā䆒㕂㾖ᆳ䎱⾏Ў1397mmDŽ⫼
ԡ⿏ᬒ໻಴ᄤ䆒㕂ੑҸĀ/DSCALE,,1ā䆒㕂ᣝ✻῵ൟবᔶⱘᅲ䰙↨՟ᰒ⼎বᔶ೒DŽ
⫼㥋䕑ℹ䆒㕂ੑҸĀSET,1,0ā䇏ܹ㄀1Ͼ㥋䕑ℹⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰDŽ⫼বᔶ೒ᰒ⼎ੑҸ
ĀPLDISP,1āᏺॳᴹ῵ൟ೒ˈᰒ⼎বᔶৢⱘ῵ൟDŽ⫼Ā/NOERASEā䆒㕂ϡ⏙䰸ሣᐩˈ䞡঴
㒬ࠊϟϔϾ೒ᔶDŽ
⫼ĀSET,2,0ā䇏ܹ㄀2Ͼ㥋䕑ℹⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰˈ⫼ĀPLDISPāᰒ⼎বᔶৢⱘ῵ൟDŽ⫼
ĀSET,3,0ā䇏ܹ㄀3Ͼ㥋䕑ℹⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰˈ⫼ĀPLDISPāᰒ⼎বᔶৢⱘ῵ൟDŽ
⫼䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰᦤপੑҸĀ*GET,UX3,NODE,11,U,Xāᦤপ11ো㡖⚍ⱘXᮍ৥ⱘԡ⿏UXˈ
ᄬܹব䞣UX3ˈ⫼Ā*GET,UY3,NODE,11,U,Yāᦤপ11ো㡖⚍ⱘYᮍ৥ⱘԡ⿏UYˈᄬܹব
䞣UY3ˈ⫼Ā*GET,ROT3A,NODE,11,ROT,Zāᦤপ11ো㡖⚍㒩Z䕈ⱘ䕀㾦ROTZˈᄬܹব䞣
ROT3ADŽ
⫼ĀSET,4,0ā䇏ܹ㄀4Ͼ㥋䕑ℹⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰˈ⫼ĀPLDISP āᰒ⼎বᔶৢⱘ῵ൟDŽ⫼
Ā *GET,UX4,NODE,11,U,Xā ᦤ প 11 ো 㡖 ⚍ ⱘ X ᮍ ৥ ⱘ ԡ ⿏ UX ˈ ᄬ ܹ ব 䞣 UX4 DŽ ⫼
Ā *GET,UY4,NODE,11,U,Yā ᦤ প 11 ো 㡖 ⚍ ⱘ Yᮍ ৥ ⱘ ԡ ⿏ UYˈ ᄬ ܹ ব 䞣 UY4 DŽ ⫼
Ā*GET,ROT4A,NODE,11,ROT,Zāᦤপ11ো㡖⚍㒩Z䕈ⱘ䕀㾦ROTZˈᄬܹব䞣ROT4ADŽ
⫼ĀSET,5,0ā䇏ܹ㄀5Ͼ㥋䕑ℹⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰˈ⫼ĀPLDISPāᰒ⼎বᔶৢⱘ῵ൟDŽ⫼
Ā *GET,UX5,NODE,11,U,Xā ᦤ প 11 ো 㡖 ⚍ ⱘ X ᮍ ৥ ⱘ ԡ ⿏ UX ˈ ᄬ ܹ ব 䞣 UX5 DŽ ⫼
Ā *GET,UY5,NODE,11,U,Yā ᦤ প 11 ো 㡖 ⚍ ⱘ Yᮍ ৥ ⱘ ԡ ⿏ UYˈ ᄬ ܹ ব 䞣 UY5 DŽ ⫼
Ā*GET,ROT5A,NODE,11,ROT,Zāᦤপ11ো㡖⚍㒩Z䕈ⱘ䕀㾦ROTZˈᄬܹব䞣ROT5ADŽ
⫼ĀSET,6,0ā䇏ܹ㄀6Ͼ㥋䕑ℹⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰˈ⫼ĀPLDISPāᰒ⼎বᔶৢⱘ῵ൟDŽ⫼䖭
ѯ㒬೒ੑҸ೼ৠϔᓴ೒Ϟ㒬ࠊⱘय़ᴚ䖛ሜ᳆বᔶ೒˄བ೒3.12᠔⼎˅
⫼Ā*GET,UX6,NODE,11,U,Xāᦤপ11ো㡖⚍ⱘXᮍ৥ⱘԡ⿏UXˈᄬܹব䞣UX6DŽ⫼
Ā *GET,UY6,NODE,11,U,Yā ᦤ প 11 ো 㡖 ⚍ ⱘ Yᮍ ৥ ⱘ ԡ ⿏ UYˈ ᄬ ܹ ব 䞣 UY6 DŽ ⫼
Ā*GET,ROT6A,NODE,11,ROT,Zāᦤপ11ো㡖⚍㒩Z䕈ⱘ䕀㾦ROTZˈᄬܹব䞣ROT6ADŽ⫼
⢊ᗕᰒ⼎ੑҸĀ*status,parmāৃҹᰒ⼎Ϟ䴶᠔ֱ᳝ᄬࠄ‫ݙ‬ᄬব䞣ⱘؐDŽ

98
 ㄀ゴᴚ㋏〇ᅮᗻ䅵ㅫ

೒3.12 䱣ⴔ䕈৥㥋䕑ⱘ๲ࡴᯊय़ᴚ䖛ሜ᳆বᔶ೒

(6)ߜԛ3۠ၻϤԅ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ͬڴ‬ӉӾ೴ᆦέ२ē௶‫܊‬೛ѻӾำߑEX3_3.outd
(7)ߜԛ4۠ၻϤԅ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ͬڴ‬ӉӾ೴ᆦέ२ē௶‫܊‬ᅴަ೛ѻӾำߑEX3_3.outd
(8)ߜԛ5۠ၻϤԅ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ͬڴ‬ӉӾ೴ᆦέ२ē௶‫܊‬ᅴަ೛ѻӾำߑEX3_3.outd
(9)ߜԛ6۠ၻϤԅ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ͬڴ‬ӉӾ೴ᆦέ२d

3ˊANSYS⿟ᑣ
FINISH
/CLEAR, NOSTART ! ⏙䰸᭄᥂,ϡࡴ䕑߱ྟ࣪᭛ӊ
! (1)䆒㕂Ꮉ⿟䗝乍ǃऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟǃᅲᐌ᭄੠ᴤ᭭খ᭄
/FileName, EX3.3 ! ᅮНᎹ⿟᭛ӊৡ⿄
/PREP7 ! ࡴ䕑ࠡ໘⧚῵ഫ
/TITLE, EX3.3, LARGE DEFLECTIONS OF A BUCKLED BAR (THE ELASTICA)
C*** THEORY OF ELASTIC STABILITY, TIMOSHENKO AND GERE, 2ND ED., PAGE 78
ANTYPE,STATIC ! ᅮНߚᵤ㉏ൟЎ䴭࡯ߚᵤ
NLGEOM,ON ! ▔⌏໻বᔶ䗝乍
ET,1,BEAM3,,,,,,,1 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬ЎѠ㓈ᔍᗻṕऩ‫ܗ‬BEAM3,݇䯁䕧ߎ䗝乍
R,1,161.29,2167.86,12.7 ! ᅮНṕⱘ៾䴶⿃Ў161.29mm^2, ᛃᗻⶽЎ2167.86mm^4,៾
䴶催ᑺЎ12.7mm
MP,EX,1,207000 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EX = 207000 N/mm^2
MP,PRXY,,0.3 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨PRXY = 0.3
! (2) ᅮН㡖⚍੠ऩ‫ܗ‬
N,1 ! ೼തᷛॳ⚍(0,0,0)ᅮН㄀1ো㒧⚍
N,11,,2540 ! ೼തᷛ(0,2540mm,0)ᅮН㄀11ো㒧⚍
FILL ! ೼㄀1ো㡖⚍੠㄀11ো㡖⚍П䯈฿‫⫳ܙ‬៤݊ԭ㡖⚍
E,1,2 ! 䖛㡖⚍1੠㡖⚍2ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬
EGEN,10,1,1 ! ᣝ✻ࠡ䴶ऩ‫ⱘܗ‬῵ᓣᕾ⦃10⃵,⫳៤݊ԭⱘ9Ͼऩ‫ܗ‬

99
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

FINISH ! 䗔ߎࠡ໘⧚῵ഫPREP7
! (3) 䆒㕂∖㾷䗝乍,ԡ⿏㑺ᴳ੠㥋䕑,ᓔྟ∖㾷
/SOLU ! ࡴ䕑∖㾷῵ഫ
SOLCONTROL,0 ! ᣛᅮϡՓ⫼˄⫼খ᭄0ᴹ㸼⼎˅᳔Ӭ࣪ⱘ䴲㒓ᗻ∖㾷఼
NEQIT,250 ! ᣛᅮ᳔໻ⱘ䴲㒓ᗻ঴ҷ⃵᭄Ў150⃵
OUTPR,BASIC,LAST ! া䕧ߎ᳔ৢϔϾ㥋䕑ℹⱘ෎ᴀ‫ݙ‬ᆍ
D,1,ALL ! 㑺ᴳ1ো㡖⚍ⱘ᠔᳝㞾⬅ᑺ
FCR=-171.5 ! 䆒㕂य़ᴚ༅〇ⱘЈ⬠㥋䕑ؐ171.5N
PI=3.14159265359 ! ᅮНখ᭄Pi
F,11,FY,FCR*1.015 ! 㒭11ো㡖⚍ᮑࡴ㥋䕑
F,11,FX,1 ! ᮑࡴ䴲ᐌᇣⱘ῾৥㥋䕑1N
SOLVE ! ᓔྟ∖㾷㥋䕑ℹ1
! (4)๲ࡴ㥋䕑,㒻㓁∖㾷
FDEL,11,FX ! ⿏এࠡ䴶ᮑࡴⱘ῾৥㥋䕑
F,11,FY,FCR*1.063 ! 㒭11ো㡖⚍ᮑࡴ᳈໻ⱘ䕈৥㥋䕑
SOLVE ! ᓔྟ∖㾷㥋䕑ℹ2
F,11,FY,FCR*1.152 ! 㒭11ো㡖⚍ᮑࡴ᳈໻ⱘ䕈৥㥋䕑
SOLVE ! ᓔྟ∖㾷㥋䕑ℹ3
F,11,FY,FCR*1.293 ! 㒭11ো㡖⚍ᮑࡴ᳈໻ⱘ䕈৥㥋䕑
SOLVE ! ᓔྟ∖㾷㥋䕑ℹ4
F,11,FY,FCR*1.518 ! 㒭11ো㡖⚍ᮑࡴ᳈໻ⱘ䕈৥㥋䕑
SOLVE ! ᓔྟ∖㾷㥋䕑ℹ5
F,11,FY,FCR*1.884 ! 㒭11ো㡖⚍ᮑࡴ᳈໻ⱘ䕈৥㥋䕑
SOLVE ! ᓔྟ∖㾷㥋䕑ℹ6
FINISH ! 䗔ߎ∖㾷῵ഫSOLUTION
! (5)೼ϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫЁ,㒬ࠊৢሜ᳆ᵘൟ೒
/POST1 ! 䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
/USER ! ᅮН⫼᠋㞾ᅮНⱘ⛺⚍੠㾖ᆳ䎱⾏
/FOCUS,,1270,1270 ! ᠔᳝೒ᔶᇍ䈵ሙЁ
/DIST,,1397 ! 䆒㕂㾖ᆳ䎱⾏
/DSCALE,,1 ! ᣝ✻῵ൟⱘᅲ䰙↨՟
SET,1,0 ! 䇏ܹ㄀1Ͼ㥋䕑ℹⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
PLDISP,1 ! ᏺॳᴹ῵ൟ೒,ᰒ⼎বᔶৢⱘ῵ൟ
/NOERASE ! ϡ⏙䰸ሣᐩ,䞡঴㒬ࠊϟϔϾ೒ᔶ
SET,2,0 ! 䇏ܹ㄀2Ͼ㥋䕑ℹⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
PLDISP ! ᰒ⼎বᔶৢⱘ῵ൟ
SET,3,0 ! 䇏ܹ㄀3Ͼ㥋䕑ℹⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
PLDISP ! ᰒ⼎বᔶৢⱘ῵ൟ
*GET,UX3,NODE,11,U,X ! ᦤপ11ো㡖⚍ⱘXᮍ৥ⱘԡ⿏UX,ᄬܹব䞣UX3
*GET,UY3,NODE,11,U,Y ! ᦤপ11ো㡖⚍ⱘYᮍ৥ⱘԡ⿏UY,ᄬܹব䞣UY3
*GET,ROT3A,NODE,11,ROT,Z ! ᦤপ11ো㡖⚍㒩Z䕈ⱘ䕀㾦ROTZ,ᄬܹব䞣ROT3A
SET,4,0 ! 䇏ܹ㄀4Ͼ㥋䕑ℹⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
PLDISP ! ᰒ⼎বᔶৢⱘ῵ൟ

100
 ㄀ゴᴚ㋏〇ᅮᗻ䅵ㅫ

*GET,UX4,NODE,11,U,X ! ᦤপ11ো㡖⚍ⱘXᮍ৥ⱘԡ⿏UX,ᄬܹব䞣UX4
*GET,UY4,NODE,11,U,Y ! ᦤপ11ো㡖⚍ⱘYᮍ৥ⱘԡ⿏UY,ᄬܹব䞣UY4
*GET,ROT4A,NODE,11,ROT,Z ! ᦤপ11ো㡖⚍㒩Z䕈ⱘ䕀㾦ROTZ,ᄬܹব䞣ROT4A
SET,5,0 ! 䇏ܹ㄀5Ͼ㥋䕑ℹⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
PLDISP ! ᰒ⼎বᔶৢⱘ῵ൟ
*GET,UX5,NODE,11,U,X ! ᦤপ11ো㡖⚍ⱘXᮍ৥ⱘԡ⿏UX,ᄬܹব䞣UX5
*GET,UY5,NODE,11,U,Y ! ᦤপ11ো㡖⚍ⱘYᮍ৥ⱘԡ⿏UY,ᄬܹব䞣UY5
*GET,ROT5A,NODE,11,ROT,Z ! ᦤপ11ো㡖⚍㒩Z䕈ⱘ䕀㾦ROTZ,ᄬܹব䞣ROT5A
SET,6,0 ! 䇏ܹ㄀6Ͼ㥋䕑ℹⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
PLDISP ! ᰒ⼎বᔶৢⱘ῵ൟ
*GET,UX6,NODE,11,U,X ! ᦤপ11ো㡖⚍ⱘXᮍ৥ⱘԡ⿏UX,ᄬܹব䞣UX6
*GET,UY6,NODE,11,U,Y ! ᦤপ11ো㡖⚍ⱘYᮍ৥ⱘԡ⿏UY,ᄬܹব䞣UY6
*GET,ROT6A,NODE,11,ROT,Z ! ᦤপ11ো㡖⚍㒩Z䕈ⱘ䕀㾦ROTZ,ᄬܹব䞣ROT6A
*status,parm ! ᰒ⼎‫ݙ‬ᄬব䞣ⱘؐ
! (6)ᇚ㄀3㥋䕑ℹⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰֱᄬࠄ᭄㒘ব䞣,✊ৢ䕧ߎࠄ᭛ӊEX3_3.out
*SET,ROT6,(180*ROT6A/PI) ! ᇚ䕀㾦䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ⬅ᓻᑺ䕀Ўᑺ
*SET,ROT5,(180*ROT5A/PI)
*SET,ROT4,(180*ROT4A/PI)
*SET,ROT3,(180*ROT3A/PI)
*DIM,LABEL,CHAR,3,2 ! ᅮН3ˆ2ᄫヺൟ᭄㒘LABEL
*DIM,VALUE,,3,3 ! ᅮН3ˆ3᭄ؐൟ᭄㒘VALUE
LABEL(1,1) = 'ROTZ ',' UX',' UY' ! 㒭LABELⱘ㄀1߫䌟ؐ
LABEL(1,2) = '(DEG)',' (mm)',' (mm)' ! 㒭LABELⱘ㄀2߫䌟ؐ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,1),DATA,-60,1506.22,-657.86 ! 㒭VALUEⱘ㄀1߫䌟⧚䆎ؐ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,2),DATA,ROT3,UX3,UY3 ! 㒭VALUEⱘ㄀2߫䌟䅵ㅫؐ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,3),DATA,ABS(ROT3/60),ABS(UX3/1506.22),ABS(UY3/657.86)
/COM
/OUT, EX3_3, out ! ᇚ䕧ߎ‫ݙ‬ᆍ䞡ᅮ৥ࠄ᭛ӊ
/COM,------------------- EX3.3 RESULTS COMPARISON -------------
/COM,
/COM, F=197.56 N | TARGET | ANSYS | RATIO
/COM,
*VWRITE,LABEL(1,1),LABEL(1,2),VALUE(1,1),VALUE(1,2),VALUE(1,3)
(1X,A8,A8,' ',F10.2,' ',F10.2,' ',1F5.3)
!/COM,----------------------------------------------------------
/OUT ! 㒧ᴳ᭄᥂䞡ᅮ৥,݇䯁䕧ߎ᭛ӊ
! (7)ᇚ㄀4㥋䕑ℹⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰֱᄬࠄ᭄㒘ব䞣,✊ৢ䗑ࡴ䕧ߎࠄ᭛ӊEX3_3.out
/NOPR
*VFILL,VALUE(1,1),DATA,-80,1826.26,-1117.6
*VFILL,VALUE(1,2),DATA,ROT4,UX4,UY4
*VFILL,VALUE(1,3),DATA,ABS(ROT4/80),ABS(UX4/1826.26),ABS(UY4/1117.6)
/GOPR
/COM

101
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

/OUT, EX3_3,out,,APPEND ! ᇚ䕧ߎ‫ݙ‬ᆍ䞡ᅮ৥ࠄ᭛ӊ,䞛⫼䗑ࡴᮍᓣ

/COM,------------------- EX3.3 RESULTS COMPARISON -------------
/COM,
/COM, F=221.743 N | TARGET | ANSYS | RATIO
/COM,
*VWRITE,LABEL(1,1),LABEL(1,2),VALUE(1,1),VALUE(1,2),VALUE(1,3)
(1X,A8,A8,' ',F10.2,' ',F10.2,' ',1F5.3)
!/COM,----------------------------------------------------------
/OUT ! 㒧ᴳ᭄᥂䞡ᅮ৥,݇䯁䕧ߎ᭛ӊ
! (8)ᇚ㄀5㥋䕑ℹⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰֱᄬࠄ᭄㒘ব䞣,✊ৢ䗑ࡴ䕧ߎࠄ᭛ӊEX3_3.out
/NOPR
*VFILL,VALUE(1,1),DATA,-100,2011.68,-1653.54
*VFILL,VALUE(1,2),DATA,ROT5,UX5,UY5
*VFILL,VALUE(1,3),DATA,ABS(ROT5/100),ABS(UX5/2011.68),ABS(UY5/1653.54)
/GOPR
/COM
/OUT, EX3_3,out,,APPEND ! ᇚ䕧ߎ‫ݙ‬ᆍ䞡ᅮ৥ࠄ᭛ӊ,䞛⫼䗑ࡴᮍᓣ
/COM,------------------- EX3.3 RESULTS COMPARISON -------------
/COM,
/COM, F=260.328 N | TARGET | ANSYS | RATIO
/COM,
*VWRITE,LABEL(1,1),LABEL(1,2),VALUE(1,1),VALUE(1,2),VALUE(1,3)
(1X,A8,A8,' ',F10.2,' ',F10.2,' ',1F5.3)
!/COM,----------------------------------------------------------
/OUT ! 㒧ᴳ᭄᥂䞡ᅮ৥,݇䯁䕧ߎ᭛ӊ
! (9) ᇚ㄀6㥋䕑ℹⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰֱᄬࠄ᭄㒘ব䞣
/NOPR
*VFILL,VALUE(1,1),DATA,-120,2039.62,-2227.58
*VFILL,VALUE(1,2),DATA,ROT6,UX6,UY6
*VFILL,VALUE(1,3),DATA,ABS(ROT6/120),ABS(UX6/2039.62),ABS(UY6/2227.58)
/GOPR
/COM
! (10) ᇚ㄀6㥋䕑ℹⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ,䗑ࡴ䕧ߎࠄ᭛ӊEX3_3.out
/OUT, EX3_3,out,,APPEND ! ᇚ䕧ߎ‫ݙ‬ᆍ䞡ᅮ৥ࠄ᭛ӊ,䞛⫼䗑ࡴᮍᓣ
/COM,------------------- EX3.3 RESULTS COMPARISON -------------
/COM,
/COM, F=323.098 N | TARGET | ANSYS | RATIO
/COM,
*VWRITE,LABEL(1,1),LABEL(1,2),VALUE(1,1),VALUE(1,2),VALUE(1,3)
(1X,A8,A8,' ',F10.2,' ',F10.2,' ',1F5.3)
!/COM,----------------------------------------------------------
/OUT ! 㒧ᴳ᭄᥂䞡ᅮ৥,݇䯁䕧ߎ᭛ӊ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
*LIST, EX3_3, out ! ߫㸼ᰒ⼎᭛ӊEX3_3.outⱘ‫ݙ‬ᆍ

102
 ㄀ゴᴚ㋏〇ᅮᗻ䅵ㅫ

4ˊ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰঞ䅼䆎

߽⫼Ϟ䴶ᦤկⱘ⿟ᑣˈ䅵ㅫᕫࠄњབ㸼3.4᠔⼎ⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰDŽϢ⧚䆎ؐⳌ↨ˈ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬㒧
ᵰⱘ‫⹂ޚ‬ᑺᕜདDŽҢ೒3.12᠔⼎ⱘ䖛ሜ᳆বᔶ೒ৃҹⳟߎˈ᳝䰤‫ৃܗ‬ҹ䅵ㅫߎ䴲ᐌ໻বᔶ
ⱘᚙ‫ˈމ‬㗠Ϩ੠⧚䆎ֱؐᣕⴔᕜདⱘϔ㟈ᗻDŽ
㸼3.4 䱣ⴔ䕈৥㥋䕑๲ࡴय़ᴚ䖛ሜ᳆বᔶ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ੠⧚䆎ؐⱘ↨䕗
ϡৠ䕈৥࡯ϟⱘবᔶ ⧚ 䆎 ؐ Ansysؐ ↨ ؐ
㞾⬅ッ䕀㾦ROTZ(ᑺ) 60.00 59.23 0.987
㥋䕑࡯F=197.56N
㞾⬅ッ῾৥ᣴᑺUX(mm) 1506.22 1492.27 0.991
㥋䕑ℹ3
㞾⬅ッオ৥ԡ⿏UY(mm) 657.86 640.54 0.974
㞾⬅ッ䕀㾦ROTZ(ᑺ) 80.00 79.43 0.993
㥋䕑࡯F=221.743N
㞾⬅ッ῾৥ᣴᑺUX(mm) 1826.26 1821.08 0.997
㥋䕑ℹ4
㞾⬅ッオ৥ԡ⿏UY(mm) 1117.60 1102.32 0.986
㞾⬅ッ䕀㾦ROTZ(ᑺ) 100.00 99.74 0.997
㥋䕑࡯F=260.328N
㞾⬅ッ῾৥ᣴᑺUX(mm) 2011.68 2010.96 1.000
㥋䕑ℹ5
㞾⬅ッオ৥ԡ⿏UY(mm) 1653.54 1642.65 0.993
㞾⬅ッ䕀㾦ROTZ(ᑺ) 120.00 119.93 0.999
㥋䕑࡯F=323.098N
㞾⬅ッ῾৥ᣴᑺUX(mm) 2039.62 2043.48 1.002
㥋䕑ℹ6
㞾⬅ッオ৥ԡ⿏UY(mm) 2227.58 2219.58 0.996

3.4 ᑇ䴶䩶ᶊⱘᑇ䴶໪༅〇

䭓ᑺL=6096mmˈ८ᑺt=15.24mmˈᆑᑺw=762mmⱘĀLāൟ䩶ᶊˈϔッ೎ᅮˈ೼঺ϔ
Ͼ㞾⬅ッⱘ䴶‫ݙ‬䲚Ё࡯ Fx = 8207.11 N ԰⫼ϟথ⫳ᔃ᳆˄བ೒3.13᠔⼎˅DŽᏆⶹᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ
῵䞣E=491.24MPaˈ⊞ᵒ↨ μ = 0.31 DŽ䆩ߚ߿⫼ϝ㓈᳝䰤বᔶṕऩ‫ܗ‬BEAM188੠ϝ㓈Ѡ⃵
᳝䰤বᔶṕऩ‫ܗ‬BEAM189ˈ⹂ᅮ䆹㒧ᵘⱘ䴶໪༅〇ⱘЈ⬠༅〇㥋䕑DŽ
Y
w = 762mm

t = 15 24mm

L = 6096mm Y
X X
FX FX
FZ
FZ X
Z L = 6096mm

೒3.13 Lൟ䩶ᶊ䴶໪༅〇ⱘ䅵ㅫ῵ൟ ೒3.14 Lൟ䩶ᶊ䴶໪༅〇ⱘ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟ

1ˊANSYSߚᵤ

䆹䩶ᶊ೼䴶‫ⱘݙ‬㥋䕑԰⫼ϟˈ佪‫ܜ‬থ⫳ᑇ䴶‫ݙ‬ᔃ᳆বᔶDŽ䱣ⴔ㥋䕑ⱘ๲ࡴˈֱᣕᑇ䴶
‫ݙ‬ᔃ᳆ⱘ㛑࡯䗤⏤‫ޣ‬ᇣDŽ೼ᑇ䴶໪ⱘᖂᇣᡄࡼϟˈህৃ㛑থ⫳ᑇ䴶໪༅〇DŽᴀ乬ህᰃ⹂ᅮ

103
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

೼໮໻ⱘᑇ䴶‫ݙ‬㥋䕑԰⫼ϟˈᑇ䴶ᔃ᳆ᵘൟᰃ〇ᅮⱘDŽ㗠䍙䖛䖭ϾЈ⬠ؐˈᑇ䴶ᔃ᳆ᵘൟ
ᰃϡ〇ᅮⱘDŽ
䖭䞠佪‫⫼߽ܜ‬ϝ㓈᳝䰤বᔶṕऩ‫ܗ‬BEAM188䖯㸠њ䅵ㅫˈ䱣ৢজᬍবऩ‫ܗ‬Ўϝ㓈Ѡ⃵
᳝䰤বᔶṕऩ‫ܗ‬BEAM189ˈ䞡ᮄ䖯㸠њ䅵ㅫDŽ೼↨䕗䖭ϸ⾡ऩ‫ܗ‬䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰⱘৠᯊˈজ੠খ
㗗᭛⤂[28]:79-116԰њ↨䕗DŽ
䖭䞠ⱘᑇ䴶໪ᔃ᳆ᰃ䗮䖛ᮑࡴϔϾᇣⱘᡄࡼ࡯ᴹᅲ⦄ⱘDŽϟ䴶㒭ߎᅠ៤䆹乬᳝䰤‫ܗ‬䅵
ㅫⱘℹ偸੠䇈ᯢDŽ
ď1ĐՇ࿌ٝё༪ົēՇ࿌ࠋԤสᄢd
ᣝ೒3.14തᷛ㋏ᮍ৥ˈ⫼㡖⚍ᅮНੑҸĀN,1,,6096āᅮН೼೎ᅮッԡ㕂(0,6096mm,0)
ⱘ ㄀ 1 Ͼ 㡖 ⚍ ˈ ⫼ Ā N,21,6096,6096 ā ᅮ Н ೼ (6096mm,6096mm,0) ⱘ ㄀ 21 Ͼ 㡖 ⚍ ˈ ⫼
ĀN,41,6096,0āᅮН೼(6096mm,0,0)ⱘ㄀41Ͼ㡖⚍DŽ⫼㡖⚍฿‫ܙ‬ੑҸĀFILL,1,21ā೼㡖⚍1
੠21П䯈฿‫⫳ܙ‬៤2ࠄ20ো㡖⚍ˈ⫼ĀFILL,21,41ā೼㡖⚍21੠41П䯈฿‫⫳ܙ‬៤㡖⚍22ࠄ40
ো㡖⚍DŽ⫼ĀN,101,3048,9144ā೼(3048mm,9144mm,0)ⱘ㄀101ো㡖⚍ˈ⫼ĀN,201,9144,3048ā
ᅮН೼(9144mm,3048mm,0)ⱘ㄀201ো㡖⚍DŽ
ď2ĐՇ࿌Ӧ၍ۤࠉੋ‫ۥދ‬ϵ೴ēϫॸϵ೴d
⫼៾䴶㓪ো䆒㕂ੑҸĀSECNUM,1ā䆒㕂ᔧࠡ៾䴶㓪োЎ1DŽ⫼ऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟᅮНੑҸ
ĀET,1,BEAM188āᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬Ўϝ㓈㒓ᗻ᳝䰤ᑨবऩ‫ܗ‬BEAM188DŽ
䞛⫼ᕾ⦃䇁হĀ*DO,I,1,20,1āᣛᅮব䞣IҢ1ᓔྟˈᣝℹ䭓1ᕾ⦃ࠄ20ˈ⫼ĀE,I,I+1,101ā
䖛㡖⚍I,I+1੠101ᅮНऩ‫⫼ˈܗ‬Ā*ENDDOā㒧ᴳᕾ⦃DŽ
ৠ ḋ 䞛 ⫼ᕾ⦃䇁হ Ā*DO,I,21,40,1āᣛᅮব䞣I Ң1ᓔ ྟˈ ᣝℹ䭓 1ᕾ⦃ࠄ20ˈ⫼
ĀE,I,I+1,201ā䖛㡖⚍I,I+1੠201ᅮНऩ‫⫼ˈܗ‬Ā*ENDDOā㒧ᴳᕾ⦃DŽ
⫼៾䴶㉏ൟᅮНੑҸĀSECTYPE,1,BEAM,ASECāᅮН㄀1㉏ṕ៾䴶ᔶ⢊Ўӏᛣᔶ⢊ˈ
៾䴶޴ԩ᭄᥂⬅⫼᠋ᦤկ ˈᑊ⫼៾䴶খ᭄ᅮНੑҸĀSECDATA, 11613,5.61868e8, 0.0,
224747, 0.0,898989.1 ā ᅮ Н ៾ 䴶 ⱘ ޴ ԩ খ ᭄˖ ៾䴶⿃ 11613mm2 ˈ 㒩 Y䕈 ⱘ ᛃ ᗻ ⶽ Ў
5.61868e8mm4 ˈᛃᗻ⿃Ў0ˈ㒩Z䕈ⱘᛃᗻⶽЎ224765mm4 ˈᛃᗻⶽⱘ੠Ў0ˈᡁ䕀ᐌ᭄Ў
898989.1mm4 DŽ
⫼ᴤ᭭খ᭄ᅮНੑҸĀMP,EX,1,491.2105āᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EX = 491.2105
N/mm2 ˈ⫼ĀMP,NUXY,1,0.3āᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨NUXY = 0.3DŽ
ď3Đಁᄢௐࠓ༪ົēಠަสྭၟ೯‫܊‬ௐࠓ໌ఀՎॏᆴဈெࣣd
⫼Ā/SOLUāࡴ䕑∖㾷῵ഫDŽ⫼ĀNLGEOM,ONāᠧᓔ޴ԩ໻বᔶ䗝乍ˈ⫼㥋䕑ᄤℹ
ᅮНੑҸĀNSUBST,2āᣛᅮᔧࠡⱘ㥋䕑ᄤℹЎ2DŽ
⫼ԡ⿏㑺ᴳੑҸĀD,1,ALLāԡ⿏㑺ᴳ1ো㡖⚍ⱘ᠔᳝㞾⬅ᑺDŽ⫼㥋䕑࡯ᅮНੑҸ
ĀF,41,FZ,4.0E3ā೼41ো㡖⚍໘ˈᮑࡴ⊓ⴔZᮍ৥ⱘᇣᡄࡼ࡯0.004NDŽ䗮䖛䖭ѯℹ偸ˈᕫࠄ
བ೒3.15᠔⼎ⱘ䅵ㅫ῵ൟDŽ
Ўњሣᐩᭈ⋕ˈ⫼䕧ߎ䞡ᅮ৥ੑҸĀ/OUT,SCRATCH, āᇚ䕧ߎᅮ৥ࠄ᭛ӊSCRATCHˈ
ҹ䙓‫ܡ‬ሣᐩᰒ⼎DŽ⫼ĀSOLVEāੑҸᓔྟᇣᡄࡼ࡯԰⫼ϟⱘ䴭࡯∖㾷ˈ⫼Ā/OUT ā㒧ᴳ᭄
᥂䞡ᅮ৥ˈ݇䯁䕧ߎ᭛ӊDŽ

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 ㄀ゴᴚ㋏〇ᅮᗻ䅵ㅫ

೒3.15 ⫼㡖⚍੠ऩ‫᥹Ⳉⱘܗ‬ᓎ῵⫳៤ⱘLൟ䩶ᶊ䴶໪༅〇ⱘ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟ

ď3Đಁᄢௐࠓ༪ົēಠަสྭၟ೯‫܊‬ௐࠓੋઝॏᆴဈ֟ಓ଼ੋ෵ௗԅெࣣd
⫼ĀOUTRES,ALL,ALLā䕧ߎ᠔᳝㥋䕑ℹⱘ᠔᳝䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰDŽ⫼䴲㒓ᗻ∖㾷ᓻ䭓䆒㕂ੑ
ҸĀARCLEN,ONā▔⌏ᓻ䭓ᮍ⊩˄咬䅸⢊ᗕᯊϡ▔⌏˅DŽ⫼ĀARCTRM,U, 1524,41,UZā
䆒㕂ᓻ䭓ᮍ⊩‫ذ‬ℶⱘᴵӊ˖41ো㡖⚍ⱘUZԡ⿏䍙䖛1524mmDŽ
⫼㥋䕑࡯ᅮНੑҸĀF,41,FX,6.6057ā೼41ো㡖⚍ⱘXᮍ৥ᮑࡴ䲚Ё࡯ˈ໻ᇣЎ6.6057NDŽ
⫼ĀNSUBST,10āᣛᅮᔧࠡ㥋䕑ᄤℹЎ10DŽ⫼Ā/OUT,SCRATCH, āᇚ䕧ߎᅮ৥ࠄ᭛ӊ
SCRATCHˈҹ䙓‫ܡ‬ሣᐩᰒ⼎DŽ⫼ĀSOLVEāᓔྟ∖㾷䴶‫࡯ݙ‬԰⫼ⱘᑇ䴶ᔃ᳆DŽ⫼Ā/OUT ā
㒧ᴳ᭄᥂䞡ᅮ৥ˈ݇䯁䕧ߎ᭛ӊDŽ
ď5Đၽನ޷ॅё‫҉܊‬स੦ࣖᄯēມವॏۤέ໹ԅ‫ڑ‬ຂd
⫼Ā/POST26āࡴ䕑ᯊ䯈ग़⿟ৢ໘⧚῵ഫPost26DŽЎњ㒬ࠊ㥋䕑ü ԡ ⿏ ᳆ 㒓ˈ⫼
Ā/AXLAB,X,TIP DISPLACEMENTāᣛᅮXതᷛ䕈ⱘᷛ⊼ˈ⫼Ā/AXLAB,Y,END FORCEā
ᣛᅮYതᷛ䕈ⱘᷛ⊼DŽ
⫼ Ā NSOL,2,41,U,Z,DISP ā ᣛ ᅮ 2 ো ব 䞣 ֱ ᄬ 41 ো 㡖 ⚍ ⱘ UZ ԡ ⿏ 䅵 ㅫ 㒧 ᵰ ˈ ⫼
ĀRFORCE,3, 1,F,X,FORCEāᣛᅮ3োব䞣ֱᄬ1ো㡖⚍ⱘXᮍ৥ⱘᬃড࡯䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰDŽ
⫼ⳌЬੑҸĀPROD,4,3, , ,FORCE , , ,1.0,1,1,āᇚ3োব䞣Ьҹ1ˈ䌟ؐ㒭4োব䞣ˈ
䖭ḋህᇚ㄀1ো㡖⚍ⱘড࡯⬅䋳ؐব៤њℷؐˈ֓Ѣϟ䴶ⱘ㒬೒DŽ⫼ĀXVAR,2āᣛᅮX䕈
ব䞣প㄀2Ͼব䞣˄ԡ⿏UZ˅DŽ
⫼߫㸼ᰒ⼎ব䞣‫ݙ‬ᆍੑҸĀPRVAR,2,4ā߫㸼ᰒ⼎2োব䞣˄ԡ⿏UZ˅੠4োব䞣˄䴶
‫ݙ‬㥋䕑࡯˅䱣ⴔᯊ䯈ⱘব࣪(བ㸼3.5᠔⼎)DŽ

㸼3.5 㥋䕑੠বᔶ䱣ⴔ㥋䕑ℹⱘব࣪ᚙ‫މ‬
ᯊ 䯈 ℹ 41ো㡖⚍ⱘ䴶໪ԡ⿏UZ (mm) ೎ᅮッ໘ⱘ∈ᑇড࡯FX (N)
1.0000 2.70178 0.165747E-09
1.1026 2.37067 0.677664
1.2899 2.08379 1.91490

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 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

˄㓁˅
ᯊ 䯈 ℹ 41ো㡖⚍ⱘ䴶໪ԡ⿏UZ ೎ᅮッ໘ⱘ∈ᑇড࡯FX
1.6101 2.96231 4.03034
1.6973 7.04665 4.60634
1.7140 11.5046 4.71657
1.7224 19.4161 4.77174
1.7271 33.3977 4.80269
1.7319 58.0629 4.83449
1.7317 90.6193 4.83309
1.7317 92.6520 4.83353
1.7318 96.2407 4.83430
1.7320 102.577 4.83554
1.7322 113.770 4.83695
1.7347 133.425 4.85315
1.7336 165.854 4.84571
1.7343 198.122 4.85040
1.7350 230.259 4.85530
1.7358 262.245 4.86054
1.7367 294.061 4.86620
1.7376 325.686 4.87232
1.7386 357.101 4.87895
1.7397 388.288 4.88608
1.7408 419.229 4.89371
1.7421 449.906 4.90191
1.7434 480.304 4.91065
1.7448 510.405 4.91993
1.7463 540.195 4.92976
1.7479 569.660 4.94014
1.7495 598.787 4.95106
1.7513 627.565 4.96254
1.7531 655.967 4.97462
1.7551 686.278 4.98825
1.7564 704.507 4.99679
1.7582 727.959 5.00831
1.7601 752.259 5.02085
1.7621 777.411 5.03449
1.7644 803.417 5.04932
1.7667 829.223 5.06482
1.7692 854.594 5.08086
1.7717 879.524 5.09743

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˄㓁˅
ᯊ 䯈 ℹ 41ো㡖⚍ⱘ䴶໪ԡ⿏UZ ೎ᅮッ໘ⱘ∈ᑇড࡯FX
1.7743 904.006 5.11453
1.7769 928.034 5.13216
1.7797 951.604 5.15032
1.7825 974.712 5.16902
1.7854 997.354 5.18824
1.7884 1019.53 5.20799
1.7915 1041.23 5.22827
1.7946 1062.45 5.24907
1.7979 1083.20 5.27041
1.8012 1103.48 5.29227
1.8046 1123.26 5.31468

⫼೒ᔶᰒ⼎ব䞣ੑҸĀPLVAR,4ā೒ᔶᰒ⼎4োব䞣˄䴶‫ݙ‬㥋䕑࡯˅䱣ⴔᯊ䯈˄ԡ⿏
UZ˅ⱘব࣪˄བ೒3.16᠔⼎˅DŽ

೒3.16 Lൟ䩶ᶊ䴶໪༅〇ᯊ㥋䕑੠䴶໪বᔶП䯈ⱘ݇㋏

ď6Đၽྡྷ͎‫҉܊‬स੦ࣖᄯē‫ޙ‬സ‫څ‬Շժ҉ԅֱॏd
⫼Ā/POST1ā䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫˈ⫼㥋䕑ℹ䆒㕂ੑҸĀSET,2,7,1ā䇏ܹ㄀2㥋䕑ℹˈ
㄀7㥋䕑ᄤℹⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰˈ㓽ᬒ಴ᄤЎ1DŽ⫼㡖⚍䗝ᢽੑҸĀNSEL,S,LOC,X,0ā䗝ᢽԡѢX
˙ 0 ໘ ⱘ 㡖 ⚍ ˈ ⫼ Ā FSUM ā ੑ Ҹ ㌃ ࡴ 䅵 ㅫ 㡖 ⚍ ࡯ ੠ 㡖 ⚍ ࡯ ⶽ DŽ ⫼ 㒧 ᵰ ᦤ প ੑ Ҹ
Ā*GET,CP1,FSUM,,ITEM,FXāᦤপ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰЁXᮍ৥ড࡯㒧ᵰˈᄬܹব䞣CP1DŽ
ď7Đߜ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ڴ‬೛ѻӾำߑd
ď8Đᄷ໭ဈసป֝ұပຫέ໹ॣӦ၍BEAM189෻юලྂԅ‫ד‬๥ē೎ຕಁᄢ‫ݛ‬෍༪ົd
Ўњϟ䴶㒬೒ᮍ֓ˈ⫼Ā/TRIAD,OFFā݇䯁തᷛ㋏೒ᷛᰒ⼎ˈ⫼Ā/PLOPTS,LOGO,0ā

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݇䯁ANSYS ೒ᷛᰒ⼎ˈ⫼Ā/PLOPTS,INFO,2ā݇䯁೒ᷛᰒ⼎ˈ⫼Ā/PLOPTS,WP,0ā݇䯁
Ꮉ԰䴶ᰒ⼎DŽ
⫼ϟ䴶ⱘੑҸৃҹ䆒㕂买㡆㸼ЁⱘRGB买㡆↨՟DŽ⫼Ā/RGB,INDEX,100,100,100,0ā
ᣛᅮ0ো买㡆ⱘϝॳ㡆䜡↨ЎĀ100ˈ100ˈ100āDŽ⫼Ā/RGB,INDEX,80,80,80,13āᣛᅮ13
ো买㡆ⱘϝॳ㡆䜡↨Ў80,80,80DŽ⫼Ā/RGB,INDEX,60,60,60,14āᣛᅮ14ো买㡆ⱘϝॳ㡆䜡
↨Ў60,60,60DŽ⫼Ā/RGB,INDEX,0,0,0,15āᣛᅮ15ো买㡆ⱘϝॳ㡆䜡↨Ў0,0,0DŽ
ď9Đၽ஍҉स੦ࣖᄯՇ࿌ࠋԤ(ලϤᅇ1)d
ď10ĐՇ࿌Ӧ၍ۤࠉੋ‫ۥދ‬ϵ೴ēϫॸϵ೴(ලϤᅇ2)d
ď11ĐՇ࿌ࠉੋ‫ۥދ‬ϵ೴(ලϤᅇ2)d
ď12Đಁᄢௐࠓ༪ົēಠަสྭၟ೯‫܊‬ௐࠓੋઝॏᆴဈ֟ಓ଼ੋ෵ௗԅெࣣd
⫼Ā/SOLUāࡴ䕑∖㾷῵ഫDŽ⫼ĀNLGEOM,ONāᠧᓔ޴ԩ໻বᔶ䗝乍ˈ⫼㥋䕑ᄤℹ
ᅮНੑҸĀNSUBST,2āᣛᅮᔧࠡⱘ㥋䕑ᄤℹЎ2DŽ
⫼ԡ⿏㑺ᴳੑҸĀD,1,ALLāԡ⿏㑺ᴳ1ো㡖⚍ⱘ᠔᳝㞾⬅ᑺDŽ⫼㥋䕑࡯ᅮНੑҸ
ĀF,41,FZ,1.0E3ā೼41ো㡖⚍໘ˈᮑࡴ⊓ⴔZᮍ৥ⱘᇣᡄࡼ࡯0.001NDŽ⫼ĀSOLVEāੑҸᓔ
ྟᇣᡄࡼ࡯԰⫼ϟⱘ䴭࡯∖㾷DŽ⫼ĀOUTRES,ALL,ALLā䆒㕂䕧ߎ᠔᳝㥋䕑ℹⱘ᠔᳝䅵ㅫ
㒧ᵰDŽ
⫼ĀARCLEN,ONā▔⌏ᓻ䭓ᮍ⊩˄咬䅸⢊ᗕᯊϡ▔⌏˅DŽ⫼ĀARCTRM,U, 1524,41,UZā
䆒㕂ᓻ䭓ᮍ⊩‫ذ‬ℶⱘᴵӊ˖41ো㡖⚍ⱘUZԡ⿏䍙䖛1524mmDŽ⫼㥋䕑࡯ĀF,41,FX,6.6057ā
೼41ো㡖⚍ⱘXᮍ৥ᮑࡴ䲚Ё࡯ˈ໻ᇣЎ6.6057NDŽ⫼ĀNSUBST,10āᣛᅮ㥋䕑ᄤℹЎ10DŽ
⫼㾚⚍ੑҸĀ/VIEW,1,1,2,3āߛᤶ㾚⚍ࠄ(1,2,3)ˈ⫼Ā/ANG,1āᮟ䕀῵ൟࠄ咬䅸ᮍԡDŽ
⫼䖍⬠ᴵӊᰒ⼎ੑҸĀ/PBC,F,,1ā䆒㕂ᰒ⼎࡯ⱘ䖍⬠ᴵӊˈ⫼Ā/PBC,U,,1ā䆒㕂ᰒ⼎ԡ⿏
䖍⬠ᴵӊˈ⫼Ā/PBC,ROT,,1ā䆒㕂ᰒ⼎䕀㾦䖍⬠ᴵӊDŽ⫼Ā/ESHAPE,70āᣝ✻㓽ᬒ಴ᄤ
70ˈҹᅲԧ⡍ᕕᰒ⼎῵ൟˈ⫼ĀEPLOTā೒ᔶᰒ⼎ऩ‫˄ܗ‬བ೒3.17᠔⼎˅DŽ

೒3.17 ⫼ᅲԧऩ‫ܗ‬ᰒ⼎ⱘLൟ䩶ᶊ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟ

⫼Ā/ESHAPE,0ā݇䯁ऩ‫ⱘܗ‬ᅲԧ⡍ᕕᰒ⼎ˈ⫼Ā/PBC,ALL,OFFā݇䯁᠔᳝䖍⬠ᴵӊ
ⱘᰒ⼎DŽ⫼ĀSOLVEāੑҸᓔྟ∖㾷DŽ

108
 ㄀ゴᴚ㋏〇ᅮᗻ䅵ㅫ

ď13Đၽನ޷ॅё‫҉܊‬स੦ࣖᄯēມವॏۤέ໹ԅ‫ڑ‬ຂďලϤᅇ5Đd
ď14Đၽྡྷ͎‫҉܊‬स੦ࣖᄯē‫ޙ‬സ‫څ‬Շժ҉ԅֱॏďලϤᅇ6Đd
ď15Đߜ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ڴ‬೛ѻӾำߑd
ď16Đມವᆫ‫ّ۠ྡྷ܊‬ၻϤԅέ໹ெࣣd
⫼ĀSET,LASTā䇏᳔ܹৢϔϾ㥋䕑ℹⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰˈ⫼Ā/AUTO,1ā䆒㕂ҹ᳔Շ↨՟ᰒ
⼎῵ൟDŽ⫼ĀALLSELā䗝ᢽ᠔᳝ᇍ䈵ˈ⫼㾚⚍ᅮНੑҸĀ/VIEW,1,,,1ā䗝ᢽ(0,0,1)㾚⚍ˈ
гህᰃࠡ䴶DŽ⫼Ā/ANG,1āᮟ䕀῵ൟࠄ咬䅸ᮍԡDŽ⫼೒ᔶᰒ⼎বᔶ೒ੑҸĀPLDISP,1āᏺ
ॳᴹ῵ൟ೒ˈᰒ⼎বᔶৢⱘ῵ൟ˄བ೒3.18᠔⼎˅DŽ

೒3.18 ⫼ᅲԧऩ‫ܗ‬ᰒ⼎ⱘLൟ䩶ᶊ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟ

⫼Ā/VIEW,1,,1ā䗝ᢽ(0,1,0)㾚⚍ˈгህᰃᑩ䴶ˈ⫼ĀPLDISP,1āᏺॳᴹ῵ൟ೒ˈ
ᰒ⼎বᔶৢⱘ῵ൟ˄བ೒3.19᠔⼎˅DŽ

೒3.19 ⫼ᅲԧऩ‫ܗ‬ᰒ⼎ⱘLൟ䩶ᶊ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟ

109
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

(17) ߜ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ڴ‬೛ѻӾำߑēԄӾఢζ3.6ൎವԅ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ڴ‬d
㸼3.6 ⫼ϸ⾡ϡৠⱘऩ‫ܗ‬䅵ㅫLൟ䩶ᶊᑇ䴶໪༅〇㥋䕑ⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
ϡ ৠ ऩ ‫ܗ‬ ⧚ 䆎 ؐ Ansysؐ ↨ ؐ
BEAM188 4.849 N 4.802 N 0.990
BEAM189 4.849 N 4.803 N 0.990

2ˊANSYS⿟ᑣ
FINISH
/CLEAR, NOSTART ! ⏙䰸᭄᥂,ϡࡴ䕑߱ྟ࣪᭛ӊ
! (1) ᅮНᎹ⿟䗝乍,ᅮН㡖⚍ԡ㕂
/FileName, EX3.4 ! ᅮНᎹ⿟᭛ӊৡ⿄
/TITLE, EX3.4, LATERAL BUCKLING OF RIGHT-ANGLE FRAME
! Ref[28] J.C. SIMO, L. VU-QUOC, "THREE-DIMENSIONAL FINITE-STRAIN ROD
! MODEL",PART II CMAME, VOL 58, 1986, PP 79-116
/PREP7 ! ࡴ䕑ࠡ໘⧚῵ഫ
N,1,,6096 ! ᅮН೎ᅮッԡ㕂(0,6096mm,0)ⱘ㄀1Ͼ㡖⚍
N,21,6096,6096 ! ೼(6096mm,6096mm,0)ⱘ㄀21Ͼ㡖⚍
N,41,6096,0 ! ೼(6096mm,0,0)ⱘ㄀41Ͼ㡖⚍
FILL,1,21 ! ೼㡖⚍1੠21П䯈฿‫⫳ܙ‬៤㡖⚍
FILL,21,41 ! ೼㡖⚍21੠41П䯈฿‫⫳ܙ‬៤㡖⚍
N,101,3048,9144 ! ೼(3048mm,9144mm,0)ⱘ㄀101ো㡖⚍
N,201,9144,3048 ! ೼(9144mm,3048mm,0)ⱘ㄀201ো㡖⚍
! (2)ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬੠៾䴶޴ԩখ᭄,ᴤ᭭খ᭄
SECNUM,1 ! 䆒㕂ᔧࠡ៾䴶㓪োЎ1
ET,1,BEAM188 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬Ўϝ㓈㒓ᗻ᳝䰤ᑨবऩ‫ܗ‬BEAM188
*DO,I,1,20,1 ! ব䞣IҢ1ᓔྟ,ᣝℹ䭓1ᕾ⦃ࠄ20
E,I,I+1,101 ! 䖛㡖⚍I,I+1੠101ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬
*ENDDO ! ᕾ⦃㒧ᴳ
*DO,I,21,40,1 ! ব䞣IҢ1ᓔྟ,ᣝℹ䭓1ᕾ⦃ࠄ20
E,I,I+1,201 ! 䖛㡖⚍I,I+1੠201ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬
*ENDDO ! ᕾ⦃㒧ᴳ
SECTYPE,1,BEAM,ASEC ! ᅮНṕ៾䴶ᔶ⢊Ўӏᛣᔶ⢊,៾䴶޴ԩ᭄᥂⬅⫼᠋ᦤկ
SECDATA,11613,5.61868e8,0.0,224747,0.0,898989.1 ! ៾䴶޴ԩখ᭄: ៾䴶⿃
11613mm^2,㒩Y䕈ⱘᛃᗻⶽ5.61868e8mm^4,ᛃᗻ⿃0,㒩Z䕈ⱘᛃᗻⶽ224765mm^4,ᛃᗻⶽⱘ੠0,ᡁ䕀
ᐌ᭄898989.1mm^4
MP,EX,1,491.2105 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EX = 491.2105 N/mm^2
MP,NUXY,1,0.3 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨NUXY = 0.3
FINISH ! 䗔ߎࠡ໘⧚῵ഫ
! (3)䆒㕂∖㾷䗝乍,ᮑࡴԡ⿏㑺ᴳৢ∖㾷ᇣᡄࡼ࡯԰⫼ᚙ‫މ‬
/SOLU ! ࡴ䕑∖㾷῵ഫ
NLGEOM,ON ! ᠧᓔ޴ԩ໻বᔶ䗝乍
NSUBST,2 ! ᣛᅮ㥋䕑ᄤℹЎ2

110
 ㄀ゴᴚ㋏〇ᅮᗻ䅵ㅫ

D,1,ALL ! ԡ⿏㑺ᴳ1ো㡖⚍ⱘ᠔᳝㞾⬅ᑺ
F,41,FZ,1.0E-3 ! ೼41ো㡖⚍໘,ᮑࡴ⊓ⴔZᮍ৥ⱘᇣᡄࡼ࡯
/OUT,SCRATCH, ! ᇚ䕧ߎᅮ৥ࠄ᭛ӊSCRATCH,ҹ䙓‫ܡ‬ሣᐩᰒ⼎
SOLVE ! ᓔྟᇣᡄࡼ࡯԰⫼ϟⱘ䴭࡯∖㾷
/OUT ! 㒧ᴳ᭄᥂䞡ᅮ৥,݇䯁䕧ߎ᭛ӊ
! (4)䆒㕂∖㾷䗝乍,ᮑࡴԡ⿏㑺ᴳৢ∖㾷䴶‫࡯ݙ‬԰⫼থ⫳ᑇ䴶ᔃ᳆ⱘᚙ‫މ‬
OUTRES,ALL,ALL ! 䕧ߎ᠔᳝㥋䕑ℹⱘ᠔᳝䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
ARCLEN,ON ! ▔⌏ᓻ䭓ᮍ⊩,咬䅸⢊ᗕᯊϡ▔⌏
ARCTRM,U,1524,41,UZ ! 䆒㕂ᓻ䭓ᮍ⊩‫ذ‬ℶⱘᴵӊ˖41ো㡖⚍ⱘUZԡ⿏䍙䖛1524mm
F,41,FX,6.6057 ! ೼41ো㡖⚍ⱘXᮍ৥ᮑࡴ䲚Ё࡯,໻ᇣЎ6.6057N
NSUBST,10 ! ᣛᅮ㥋䕑ᄤℹЎ10
/OUT,SCRATCH, ! ᇚ䕧ߎᅮ৥ࠄ᭛ӊSCRATCH,ҹ䙓‫ܡ‬ሣᐩᰒ⼎
SOLVE ! ᓔྟ∖㾷䴶‫࡯ݙ‬԰⫼ⱘᑇ䴶ᔃ᳆
/OUT ! 㒧ᴳ᭄᥂䞡ᅮ৥,݇䯁䕧ߎ᭛ӊ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎ∖㾷῵ഫSOLUTION
! (5)೼ᯊ䯈ग़⿟ৢ໘⧚῵ഫЁ,ᰒ⼎࡯੠বᔶⱘ݇㋏
/POST26 ! ࡴ䕑ᯊ䯈ग़⿟ৢ໘⧚῵ഫPost26
/AXLAB,X,TIP DISPLACEMENT ! ᣛᅮXതᷛ䕈ⱘᷛ⊼
/AXLAB,Y,END FORCE ! ᣛᅮYതᷛ䕈ⱘᷛ⊼
NSOL,2,41,U,Z,DISP ! ᣛᅮ2োব䞣ֱᄬ41ো㡖⚍ⱘUZԡ⿏䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
RFORCE,3,1,F,X,FORCE ! ᣛᅮ3োব䞣ֱᄬ1ো㡖⚍ⱘXᮍ৥ⱘᬃড࡯䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
PROD,4,3, , ,FORCE , , ,-1.0,1,1, ! ᇚ3োব䞣Ь1,䌟ؐ㒭4োব䞣
XVAR,2 ! ᣛᅮX䕈ব䞣Ў㄀2Ͼব䞣
/COM, THE LOAD DEFLECTION CURVE SHOWN IN EX3.4.GRPH
/COM, SHOW A CRITICAL LOAD OF APPROX. 1.09
PRVAR,2,4 ! ߫㸼ᰒ⼎2োব䞣੠4োব䞣䱣ⴔᯊ䯈ⱘব࣪
PLVAR,4 ! ೒ᔶᰒ⼎4োব䞣䱣ⴔᯊ䯈ⱘব࣪
FINISH ! 䗔ߎᯊ䯈ग़⿟ৢ໘⧚῵ഫPost26
! (6)೼ϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫЁ,䅵ㅫ೎ᅮッ໘ⱘড࡯
/POST1 ! 䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
SET,2,7,1 ! 䇏ܹ㄀2㥋䕑ℹ,㄀7㥋䕑ᄤℹⱘ,㓽ᬒ಴ᄤЎ1
NSEL,S,LOC,X,0 ! 䗝ᢽԡѢX˙0໘ⱘ㡖⚍
FSUM ! ㌃ࡴ䅵ㅫ㡖⚍࡯੠㡖⚍࡯ⶽ
*GET,CP1,FSUM,,ITEM,FX ! ᦤপ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰЁXᮍ৥ড࡯㒧ᵰ,ᄬܹব䞣CP1
! (7)ᇚ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ䕧ߎࠄ᭛ӊ
*DIM,LABEL1,CHAR,1 ! ᅮН1ˆ1ᄫヺൟ᭄㒘LABEL1
*DIM,VALUE1,,1,3 ! ᅮН1ˆ3᭄ؐൟ᭄㒘VALUE1
LABEL1(1) = 'FX_CRLD' ! 㒭LABEL1ⱘ㄀1߫䌟ؐ
*VFILL,VALUE1(1,1),DATA,4.849 ! 㒭VALUE1ⱘ㄀1߫䌟⧚䆎ؐ4.849N
*VFILL,VALUE1(1,2),DATA,ABS(CP1) ! 㒭VALUE1ⱘ㄀2߫䌟䅵ㅫؐ
*VFILL,VALUE1(1,3),DATA,ABS(CP1/4.849) ! 㒭VALUE1ⱘ㄀3߫䌟↨ؐ
/OUT, EX3_4, out ! ᇚ䕧ߎ‫ݙ‬ᆍ䞡ᅮ৥ࠄ᭛ӊEX3_4.out
/COM,
/COM,------------------- EX3.4 RESULTS COMPARISON ---------------------

111
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

/COM,
/COM,BEAM188 | TARGET | A NSYS | RATIO
/COM,
*VWRITE,LABEL1(1),VALUE1(1,1),VALUE1(1,2),VALUE1(1,3)
(1X,A15,' ',F10.3,' ',F10.3,' ',1F5.3)
/OUT ! 㒧ᴳ᭄᥂䞡ᅮ৥,݇䯁䕧ߎ᭛ӊ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
! (8)䞡ᮄ⫼ϝ㓈Ѡ⃵᳝䰤বᔶṕऩ‫ܗ‬BEAM189ᅠ៤ৠḋⱘߚᵤ,佪‫ܜ‬䆒㕂㒬೒䗝乍
/CLEAR,NOSTART ! ⏙䰸᠔᭄᳝᥂, ϡࡴ䕑߱ྟ࣪᭛ӊ
/TRIAD,OFF ! ݇䯁തᷛ㋏೒ᷛᰒ⼎
/PLOPTS,LOGO,0 ! ݇䯁Ansys೒ᷛᰒ⼎
/PLOPTS,INFO,2 ! ݇䯁೒՟ᰒ⼎
/PLOPTS,WP,0 ! ݇䯁Ꮉ԰䴶ᰒ⼎
/RGB,INDEX,100,100,100,0 ! ᣛᅮ0ো买㡆ⱘϝॳ㡆䜡↨Ў100,100,100
/RGB,INDEX,80,80,80,13 ! ᣛᅮ13ো买㡆ⱘϝॳ㡆䜡↨Ў80,80,80
/RGB,INDEX,60,60,60,14 ! ᣛᅮ14ো买㡆ⱘϝॳ㡆䜡↨Ў60,60,60
/RGB,INDEX,0,0,0,15 ! ᣛᅮ15ো买㡆ⱘϝॳ㡆䜡↨Ў0,0,0
! (9)೼ࠡ໘⧚῵ഫЁᅮН㡖⚍
/PREP7 ! ࡴ䕑ࠡ໘⧚῵ഫ
N,1,,6096 ! ᅮН೎ᅮッԡ㕂(0,6096mm,0)ⱘ㄀1Ͼ㡖⚍
N,21,6096,6096 ! ೼(6096mm,6096mm,0)ⱘ㄀21Ͼ㡖⚍
N,41,6096,0 ! ೼(6096mm,0,0)ⱘ㄀41Ͼ㡖⚍
FILL,1,21 ! ೼㡖⚍1੠21П䯈฿‫⫳ܙ‬៤㡖⚍
FILL,21,41 ! ೼㡖⚍21੠41П䯈฿‫⫳ܙ‬៤㡖⚍
N,101,3048,9144 ! ೼(3048mm,9144mm,0)ⱘ㄀101ো㡖⚍
N,201,9144,3048 ! ೼(9144mm,3048mm,0)ⱘ㄀201ো㡖⚍
! (10) ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬੠៾䴶޴ԩখ᭄,ᴤ᭭খ᭄
SECNUM,1 ! 䆒㕂ᔧࠡ៾䴶㓪োЎ1
ET,1,BEAM189 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬Ўϝ㓈Ѡ⃵᳝䰤ᑨবṕऩ‫ܗ‬BEAM189
*DO,I,1,10,1 ! ব䞣IҢ1ᓔྟ,ᣝℹ䭓1ᕾ⦃ࠄ10
I0=(I-1)*2+1
E,I0,I0+2,I0+1,101 ! 䖛㡖⚍(I-1)*2+1, (I-1)*2+3, (I-1)*2+2੠101ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬
*ENDDO
*DO,I,11,20,1 ! ব䞣IҢ11ᓔྟ,ᣝℹ䭓1ᕾ⦃ࠄ20
I0=(I-1)*2+1
E,I0,I0+2,I0+1,201 ! 䖛㡖⚍(I-1)*2+1, (I-1)*2+3, (I-1)*2+2੠201ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬
*ENDDO
! (11)ᅮН៾䴶޴ԩখ᭄
SECTYPE,1,BEAM,ASEC ! ᅮНṕ៾䴶ᔶ⢊Ўӏᛣᔶ⢊,៾䴶޴ԩ᭄᥂⬅⫼᠋ᦤկ
SECDATA,11613,5.61868e8,0.0,224747,0.0,898989.1 ! ៾䴶޴ԩখ᭄: ៾䴶⿃
11613mm ,㒩Y䕈ⱘᛃᗻⶽ5.61868e8mm ,ᛃᗻ⿃0,㒩Z䕈ⱘᛃᗻⶽ224765mm4,ᛃᗻⶽⱘ੠0,ᡁ䕀
2 4

ᐌ᭄898989.1mm^4
MP,EX,1,491.2105 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EX = 491.2105 N/mm^2
MP,NUXY,1,0.3 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨NUXY = 0.3

112
 ㄀ゴᴚ㋏〇ᅮᗻ䅵ㅫ

FINISH ! 䗔ߎࠡ໘⧚῵ഫPREP7
! (12) 䆒㕂∖㾷䗝乍,ᮑࡴԡ⿏㑺ᴳৢ∖㾷䴶‫࡯ݙ‬԰⫼থ⫳ᑇ䴶ᔃ᳆ⱘᚙ‫މ‬
/SOLU ! ࡴ䕑∖㾷῵ഫ
NLGEOM,ON ! ᠧᓔ޴ԩ໻বᔶ䗝乍
NSUBST,2 ! ᣛᅮ㥋䕑ᄤℹЎ2
D,1,ALL ! ԡ⿏㑺ᴳ1ো㡖⚍ⱘ᠔᳝㞾⬅ᑺ
F,41,FZ,1.0E-3 ! ೼41ো㡖⚍໘,ᮑࡴ⊓ⴔZᮍ৥ⱘᇣᡄࡼ࡯
SOLVE ! ᓔྟᇣᡄࡼ࡯԰⫼ϟⱘ䴭࡯∖㾷
OUTRES,ALL,ALL ! 䕧ߎ᠔᳝㥋䕑ℹⱘ᠔᳝䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
ARCLEN,ON ! ▔⌏ᓻ䭓ᮍ⊩,咬䅸⢊ᗕᯊϡ▔⌏
ARCTRM,U,1524,41,UZ ! 䆒㕂ᓻ䭓ᮍ⊩‫ذ‬ℶⱘᴵӊ˖41ো㡖⚍ⱘUZԡ⿏䍙䖛1524mm
F,41,FX,6.6057 ! ೼41ো㡖⚍ⱘXᮍ৥ᮑࡴ䲚Ё࡯,໻ᇣЎ6.6057N
NSUBST,10 ! ᣛᅮ㥋䕑ᄤℹЎ10
/VIEW,1,1,2,3 ! ߛᤶ㾚⚍ࠄ(1,2,3)
/ANG,1 ! ᮟ䕀῵ൟࠄ咬䅸ᮍԡ
/PBC,F,,1 ! ᰒ⼎࡯ⱘ䖍⬠ᴵӊ
/PBC,U,,1 ! ᰒ⼎ԡ⿏䖍⬠ᴵӊ
/PBC,ROT,,1 ! ᰒ⼎䕀㾦䖍⬠ᴵӊ
/ESHAPE,70 ! ᣝ✻㓽ᬒ಴ᄤ70,ҹᅲԧ⡍ᕕᰒ⼎῵ൟ
EPLOT ! ೒ᔶᰒ⼎ऩ‫ܗ‬
/ESHAPE,0 ! ݇䯁ऩ‫ⱘܗ‬ᅲԧ⡍ᕕᰒ⼎
/PBC,ALL,OFF ! ݇䯁᠔᳝䖍⬠ᴵӊⱘᰒ⼎
/OUT,SCRATCH,,,APPEND ! ᇚЁ䯈䅵ㅫ䖛⿟䕧ߎࠄ㤝〓᭛ӊSCRATCH
SOLVE ! ᓔྟ∖㾷
/OUT ! 㒧ᴳ᭄᥂䞡ᅮ৥,݇䯁䕧ߎ᭛ӊ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎ∖㾷῵ഫSOLUTION
! (13) ೼ᯊ䯈ग़⿟ৢ໘⧚῵ഫЁ,ᰒ⼎࡯੠বᔶⱘ݇㋏
/POST26 ! ࡴ䕑ᯊ䯈ग़⿟ৢ໘⧚῵ഫPost26
/AXLAB,X,TIP DISPLACEMENT ! ᣛᅮXതᷛ䕈ⱘᷛ⊼
/AXLAB,Y,END FORCE ! ᣛᅮYതᷛ䕈ⱘᷛ⊼
NSOL,2,41,U,Z,DISP ! ᣛᅮ2োব䞣ֱᄬ41ো㡖⚍ⱘUZԡ⿏䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
RFORCE,3,1,F,X,FORCE ! ᣛᅮ3োব䞣ֱᄬ1ো㡖⚍ⱘXᮍ৥ⱘᬃড࡯䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
PROD,4,3, , , , , ,-1.0,1,1, ! ᇚ3োব䞣Ьҹ1,䌟ؐ㒭4োব䞣
XVAR,2 ! ᣛᅮX䕈ব䞣Ў㄀2Ͼব䞣
PRVAR,2,4 ! ߫㸼ᰒ⼎2োব䞣੠4োব䞣䱣ⴔᯊ䯈ⱘব࣪
PLVAR,4 ! ೒ᔶᰒ⼎4োব䞣䱣ⴔᯊ䯈ⱘব࣪
FINISH ! 䗔ߎ∖㾷῵ഫSOLUTION
! (14) ೼ϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫЁ,䅵ㅫ೎ᅮッ໘ⱘড࡯
/POST1 ! 䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
SET,2,7,1 ! 䇏ܹ㄀2㥋䕑ℹ,㄀7㥋䕑ᄤℹⱘ,㓽ᬒ಴ᄤЎ1
NSEL,S,LOC,X,0 ! 䗝ᢽԡѢX˙0໘ⱘ㡖⚍
FSUM ! ㌃ࡴ䅵ㅫ㡖⚍࡯੠㡖⚍࡯ⶽ
*GET,CP2,FSUM,,ITEM,FX ! ᦤপ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰЁXᮍ৥ড࡯㒧ᵰ,ᄬܹব䞣CP2
! (15) ᇚ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ䕧ߎࠄ᭛ӊ

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 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

*DIM,LABEL2,CHAR,1 ! ᅮН1ˆ1ᄫヺൟ᭄㒘LABEL2
*DIM,VALUE2,,1,3 ! ᅮН1ˆ3᭄ؐൟ᭄㒘VALUE2
LABEL2(1) = 'FX_CRLD' ! 㒭LABEL2ⱘ㄀1߫䌟ؐ
*VFILL,VALUE2(1,1),DATA,4.849 ! 㒭VALUE2ⱘ㄀1߫䌟⧚䆎ؐ4.849N
*VFILL,VALUE2(1,2),DATA,ABS(CP2) ! 㒭VALUE2ⱘ㄀2߫䌟䅵ㅫؐ
*VFILL,VALUE2(1,3),DATA,ABS(CP2/4.849) ! 㒭VALUE2ⱘ㄀3߫䌟↨ؐ
! (16)ᰒ⼎᳔ϔϾ㥋䕑ℹⱘবᔶᚙ‫މ‬
SET,LAST ! 䇏᳔ܹৢϔϾ㥋䕑ℹⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
/AUTO,1 ! 䆒㕂ҹ᳔Շ↨՟
ALLSEL ! 䗝ᢽ᠔᳝ᇍ䈵
/VIEW,1,,,1 ! 䗝ᢽ(0,0,1)㾚⚍,гህᰃࠡ䴶
/ANG,1 ! ᮟ䕀῵ൟࠄ咬䅸ᮍԡ
PLDISP,1 ! ᏺॳᴹ῵ൟ೒,ᰒ⼎বᔶৢⱘ῵ൟ
/VIEW,1,,-1 ! 䗝ᢽ(0,-1,0)㾚⚍,гህᰃᑩ䴶
PLDISP,1 ! ᏺॳᴹ῵ൟ೒,ᰒ⼎বᔶৢⱘ῵ൟ
! (17) ᇚ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ䕧ߎࠄ᭛ӊ
/COM
/OUT, EX3_4, out,,APPEND ! ᇚ䕧ߎ‫ݙ‬ᆍ䞡ᅮ৥ࠄ᭛ӊ,䞛⫼䗑ࡴᮍᓣ
/COM,
/COM,BEAM189
/COM,
*VWRITE,LABEL2(1),VALUE2(1,1),VALUE2(1,2),VALUE2(1,3)
(1X,A15,' ',F10.3,' ',F10.3,' ',1F5.3)
/COM,------------------------------------------------- ------------
/OUT ! 㒧ᴳ᭄᥂䞡ᅮ৥,݇䯁䕧ߎ᭛ӊ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
*LIST, EX3_4, out ! ߫㸼ᰒ⼎᭛ӊ‫ݙ‬ᆍ

114
 ㄀1ゴ ㅔऩᢝय़ᴚ㒧ᵘ

せ』Ⴭ҂ὐ಺ᏃߊܵᲿ

4.1 ഛᏗ㥋䕑԰⫼ϟ⏅ṕⱘবᔶ੠ᑨ࡯

ϸッㅔᬃˈ䭓ᑺl=5mˈ催ᑺh=1mⱘ⏅ṕˈ೼ഛᏗ㥋䕑q =5000N/m԰⫼ϟথ⫳ᑇ䴶ᔃ᳆
˄བ೒4.1᠔⼎˅DŽᏆⶹᔍᗻ῵䞣Ў30Gpaˈ⊞ᵒ↨Ў0.3ˈ䆩߽⫼ᑇ䴶ᑨ࡯ऩ‫ܗ‬PLANE82ˈ
⹂ᅮ䎼Ёⱘ᳔໻ᣴᑺˈ੠Ϟϟ䖍㓬ⱘ᳔໻ᢝय़ᑨ࡯DŽ
q=5000N/m

y a=1.75m
x

l=5m

೒4.1 ഛᏗ㥋䕑԰⫼ϟ⏅ṕ䅵ㅫ῵ൟ

1ˊ⧚䆎㾷

‫݋‬᳝ϸϾㅔᬃᬃᑻᬃᡓⱘㅔᬃṕˈᅗⱘবᔶ੠ᑨ࡯ߚᏗ೼⧚䆎Ϟᰃ≵᳝㾷ᵤ㸼䖒ᓣDŽ
೼ϔ㠀ⱘᔍᗻ࡯ᄺᬭ⾥кЁˈা᳝ᇚϸ䖍ᬃᑻㅔ࣪Ўㄝᬜ࡯ⱘᴵӊˈे೼ϸϾᬃᑻⱘջ㸼
䴶Ϟ԰⫼᳝ഛࣔߚᏗⱘ࠾࡯ᚙ‫ˈމ‬ᠡৃҹᕫࠄ⧚䆎㾷ㄨDŽ
(1) ಁՇ࿫ॏ‫ۆ‬೴d
㦋ᕫ䖭⾡ᚙ‫މ‬ϟⱘ㾷ㄨⱘЏ㽕ᗱ䏃ᰃ˖ᣝ✻ᑨ࡯㾷⊩ˈ㗗㰥ࠄᑨ࡯ߚ䞣݇Ѣ䆹ṕЁᖗ
ԡ㕂˄x=2.5ˈy=0.5˅᳝ᇍ⿄੠ডᇍ⿄݇㋏DŽৃҹ佪‫؛ܜ‬ᅮϔϾᑨ࡯ߑ᭄Ў˖
Φ = A ( y − 0.5)5 + B (x − 2.5) 2 ( y − 0.5)3 + C ( y − 0.5)3 + D( x − 2.5)2 + E ( x − 2.5)2 ( y − 0.5) (4.1)
ձ᥂䖭Ͼᑨ࡯ߑ᭄ˈৃҹ㦋ᕫ৘Ͼᑨ࡯ߚ䞣ˈᣝ✻Ϟ㸼䴶ফഛᏗय़࡯԰⫼ㅔᬃṕⱘϞ
ϟ㸼䴶੠Ꮊেջ㸼䴶ⱘᑨ࡯䖍⬠ᴵӊˈ⹂ᅮߎᑨ࡯ߑ᭄˄4.1˅Ёⱘ৘Ͼᕙᅮ㋏᭄AˈBˈCˈ
D੠EDŽ
ᣝ✻ᑨ࡯∖㾷ᑇ䴶ᑨ࡯䯂乬ᮍ⊩ˈᑨ࡯ߑ᭄ᑨ䆹⒵䎇ঠ䇗੠ߑ᭄˖
∇ 2∇ 2Φ = 0 (4.2)
ᇚ˄4.1˅ᑨ࡯ߑ᭄ҷܹϞᓣৢˈᕫࠄ˖
24 B ( y − 0.5) + 120 A ( y − 0.5) = 0 (4.3)
े˖
B = −5 A (4.4)
(2)௲Շ࿫ॏ‫ד‬२d
ᑨ࡯ߑ᭄Ϣᑨ࡯ߚ䞣П䯈ⱘ݇㋏Ў˖

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 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

∂2Φ
σx = = 20 A( y − 0.5)3 + 6 B ( x − 2.5)2 ( y − 0.5) + 6 C ( y − 0.5)
∂ y2 (4.5)
= −4 B ( y − 0.5)3 + 6 B( x − 2.5) 2 ( y − 0.5) + 6 C ( y − 0.5)
∂2Φ
σy = = 2 B( y − 0.5)3 + 2 D + 2 E( y − 0.5) (4.6)
∂x 2

∂2Φ
τ xy = − = −6 B (x − 2.5)( y − 0.5)2 − 2 E (x − 2.5) (4.7)
∂x ∂y
(3) ॆဈॣԅ౨ຏζੋΨ࠘ඨߑ௲Շ‫דݲ‬Ш೴d
Ϟ㸼䴶ফഛᏗय़࡯԰⫼ㅔᬃṕⱘϞ㸼䴶˄y=h=1m˅ⱘᑨ࡯䖍⬠ᴵӊ:
σ y | y=1 = 2 B(1− 0.5)3 + 2 D + 2 E(1− 0.5) = − q = −5000 (4.8)
τ xy | y=1 = −6 B( x − 2.5)(1− 0.5) − 2 E (x − 2.5) = 0
2
(4.9)
ϟ㸼䴶(y=0)ⱘᑨ࡯䖍⬠ᴵӊ:
σ y | y=0 = 2 B (0 − 0.5)3 + 2 D + 2E (0 − 0.5) = 0 (4.10)
τ xy | y=0 = −6 B ( x − 2.5)(0 − 0.5)2 − 2 E ( x − 2.5) = 0 (4.11)
ҢϞ䴶ⱘᮍ⿟˄4.8˅㟇˄4.11˅ৃҹ㾷ߎ˖
q q 3q
B = 3 = 5000 ˈ D = − = −1250 ˈ E = − =3750 (4.12)
h 4 4h
(4) ॆဈॣԅᆰဗժੋΨ࠘ඨߑ௲Շ‫דݲ‬Ш೴d
Ꮊջ䴶˄x=0˅ⱘᑨ࡯䖍⬠ᴵӊ:
σ x | x=0 = −4 B( y − 0.5)3 + 6 B (0 − 2.5)2 ( y − 0.5) + 6 C( y − 0.5) = 0 (4.13)
τ xy |x =0 = 6 B(0 − 2.5)( y − 0.5)2 + 2 E (0 − 2.5) = −ql /(2 h) = −12500 (4.14)
েջ䴶(x=l=5m)ⱘᑨ࡯䖍⬠ᴵӊ:
σ x | x=5 = −4 B( y − 0.5)3 + 6B (5 − 2.5) 2 ( y − 0.5) + 6 C( y − 0.5) = 0 (4.15)
τ xy |x =5 = 6 B (5 − 2.5)( y − 0.5) 2 + 2 E (5 − 2.5) = ql /(2h ) = 12500 (4.16)
(5) ߜॣԅᆰဗժੋΨ࠘ඨߑߦԎน‫ਁדݲ‬ᆠd
㗗ᆳ䖍⬠ᴵӊ˄4.13˅ࠄ˄4.16˅ˈৃҹⳟߎˈ᮴⊩ᡒࠄ㛑⒵䎇ϸッջ㸼䴶ⱘ᠔᳝ᑨ࡯
䖍⬠ᴵӊⱘᕙᅮ㋏᭄DŽḍ᥂ᔍᗻ࡯ᄺЁⱘ೷㓈फॳ⧚ˈৃҹ೼⃵㽕䖍⬠Ϟᬒᵒ䖍⬠ᴵӊDŽ
⊼ᛣࠄṕⱘϞϟ㸼䴶޴ԩሎᇌ໻Ѣϸッջ㸼䴶ⱘ催ᑺˈ᠔ҹϞϟ㸼䴶ৃҹ䅸ЎᰃЏ㽕䖍⬠ˈ
Ꮊেϸッջ㸼䴶ᰃ⃵㽕䖍⬠DŽᇚᎺেջ䴶ⱘᑨ࡯䖍⬠ᴵӊᬒᵒЎ⿃ߚ⒵䎇ˈҢ㗠ᕫࠄ೼Ꮊ
েᬃᑻԡ㕂᳝‫أ‬Ꮒˈ೼䖰⾏ϸッऎඳ៤ゟⱘ㾷ᵤ㾷DŽ
ᇚᎺջ䴶(x=0)ⱘᑨ࡯䖍⬠ᴵӊ˄4.13˅੠˄4.13˅䕀ᤶЎ⿃ߚᴵӊ:
h h
∫0 σ xdy = ∫0 ⎡⎣−4 B( y − 0.5) + 6 B (0 − 2.5) ( y − 0.5) + 6 C ( y − 0.5) ⎤⎦ dy = 0
3 2
(4.17)
h h
∫ 0
σ x ydy = ∫ ⎡⎣ −4 B( y − 0.5)3 + 6 B (0 − 2.5)2 ( y − 0.5) + 6 C ( y − 0.5)⎤⎦ ydy = 0
0
(4.18)
h h
∫
τ dy = ∫ ⎡⎣ 6 B(0 − 2.5)( y − 0.5) 2 + 2 E (0 − 2.5)⎤⎦ dy = 0
0 xy 0
(4.19)

ᇚেջ䴶(x=l=5m)ⱘᑨ࡯䖍⬠ᴵӊ˄4.15˅੠˄4.16˅䕀ᤶЎ⿃ߚᴵӊ:

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 ㄀ゴᅲԧ῵ൟᑨ࡯ߚᵤ

h h
∫ 0
σ xdy = ∫ ⎡⎣ −4 B( y − 0.5)3 + 6 B (5 − 2.5)2 ( y − 0.5) + 6 C ( y − 0.5)⎤⎦ dy = 0
0
(4.20)
h h
∫ 0
σ x ydy = ∫ ⎡⎣ −4 B( y − 0.5)3 + 6 B (5 − 2.5)2 ( y − 0.5) + 6 C ( y − 0.5)⎤⎦ ydy = 0
0
(4.21)
h h
∫τ dy = ∫ ⎡⎣ 6 B(5 − 2.5)( y − 0.5)2 + 2 E (5 − 2.5)⎤⎦ dy = 0
0 xy 0
(4.22)

䖭ѯ⿃ߚᴵӊЁⱘ(4.17)ˈ(4.19)ˈ(4.20)੠(4.22)Ӯ㞾ࡼ⒵䎇DŽᴵӊ˄4.18˅੠(4.21)Ⳍ
ৠˈᑊϨৃҹ⹂ᅮߎ˖
q ql 2 5000 5000 × 52
C= − 3= − = −30750 (4.23)
10 h 4 h 10 × 1 4 ×13
(6) ‫ݦ‬Ԅᆫᅹԅ࿫ॏࠓӓd
ᇚ䖭ѯᕙᅮ㋏᭄ҷܹࠄ(4.5)ˈ(4.6)੠(4.7)ˈᕫࠄ৘Ͼᑨ࡯ߚ䞣Ў˖
ᑨ࡯ߑ᭄Ϣᑨ࡯ߚ䞣П䯈ⱘ݇㋏Ў˖
σ x = −4 B ( y − 0.5)3 + 6 B ( x − 2.5) 2 ( y − 0.5) + 6 C( y − 0.5)
q q q ql 2
= −4 ( y − 0.5) 3
+ 6 (x − 2.5) 2
( y − 0.5) + 6( − )( y − 0.5)
h3 h3 10 h 4 h 3
(4.24)
q ⎛ l2 ⎞ q ⎛2 h2 ⎞
= − ⎜ − ( x − 2.5) 2 ⎟ ( y − 0.5) − ⎜ ( y − 0.5)2 − ⎟ ( y − 0.5)
2I ⎝ 4 ⎠ 2I ⎝ 3 10 ⎠
M ( x)( y − 0.5) ( y − 0.5) (y − 0.5) 2 3
=− −q (4 − )
I h h2 5
= −20000( y − 0.5) + 30000( x− 2.5) ( y − 0.5) − 184500( y − 0.5)
3 2

σ y = 2 B( y− 0.5)3 + 2 D + 2 E( y − 0.5)
q q 3q
=2 3
( y − 0.5)3 + 2( − ) + 2( − )( y − 0.5) (4.25)
h 4 4h
2
q⎛ y − 0.5 ⎞⎛ 2( y − 0.5) ⎞
= − ⎜ 1+ ⎟⎜1 − ⎟
2⎝ h ⎠⎝ h ⎠
= 10000( y − 0.5) − 2500 − 7500( y − 0.5)
3

∂2 Φ
τ xy = − = −6 B( x − 2.5)( y − 0.5) 2 − 2 E ( x − 2.5)
∂x∂y
q 3q
= −6 3 (x − 2.5)( y − 0.5) 2 − 2( − )( x − 2.5)
h 4h
(4.26)
q ⎛h 2
⎞
= − ⎜ − ( y − 0.5) 2 ⎟ ( x − 2.5)
2I ⎝ 4 ⎠
Q( x) S( y)
=
I
= −30000( x − 2.5)( y − 0.5) 2 + 7500( x − 2.5)
(7) ࿫ॏࠒ‫ڴ‬ԅඉৢd
ҹϞᑨ࡯㸼䖒ᓣ೼䖰⾏ᬃᑻⱘऎඳ‫ݙ‬ᰃ‫ⱘ⹂ޚ‬DŽ៥Ӏⶹ䘧ˈ೼ṕⱘ䎼Ёˈᔃⶽপᕫ᳔
໻ؐˈ᠔ҹᔃ᳆ᑨ࡯¶x ೼䎼Ё᳔໻DŽҢᔃ᳆ᑨ࡯¶x ⱘ˄4.24˅ⱘ࣪ㅔ䖛⿟ৃҹⳟߎˈ䆹ᑨ
࡯ߚ䞣⊓ⴔṕⱘ៾䴶催ᑺYߚᏗ䰸њ㄀ϔϾ㒓ᗻ˄ᴤ᭭࡯ᄺ㾷ㄨ˅乍໪ˈ঴ࡴњϔϾ䴲㒓
ᗻ乍ˈ䖭ϔ乍ህᰃᇍᴤ᭭࡯ᄺ㾷ㄨⱘׂℷ乍DŽ䖭ϔׂℷ乍೼ṕⱘϟ䖍㓬y˙0੠Ϟ䖍㓬y=1

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໘ⱘؐЎ˖
( y − 0.5) (y − 0.5) 2 3 1 1 3 q
q (4 2
− ) | y= 0 = q( − )(4 × − ) = − (4.27)
h h 5 2 4 5 5
( y − 0.5) (y − 0.5) 2 3 1 1 3 q
q (4 2
− ) | y=h = q( )(4 × − ) = (4.28)
h h 5 2 4 5 5
ᇍѢϸ䖍ㅔᬃ㒚䭓ṕˈ᳔໻ᔃⶽԡ㕂ⱘ᳔໻ᑨ࡯Ў˖
2
M max q l 6 3l2 3 × 52
σ max = = 2 =q 2 =q 2 =
18.75q (4.29)
Wz 8 bh 4bh 4 ×1 ×1
⬅ℸৃҹⳟߎˈ⏅ṕ੠㒚䭓ṕ೼᳔໻ᔃⶽ៾䴶ᓩ䍋ⱘᢝय़ᑨ࡯ˈᏂ߿ϡ໻DŽҷ᭄ܹؐˈ
ৃҹᕫࠄ᳔໻ᑨ࡯Ў¶xmax=18.95q=94750PaDŽ
Ңオ৥ᑨ࡯¶y ⱘ㸼䖒ᓣ(4.25)ৃҹⳟߎˈᅗϢ∈ᑇԡ⿏᮴݇ˈাϢオ৥തᷛy᳝݇DŽ䖰
⾏ᬃᑻऎඳⱘオ৥ᑨ࡯ⱘ᳔໻ؐЎ σ ymax = −q = −5000 Paˈ᳔ᇣؐЎ0DŽ
࠾ᑨ࡯੠៾䴶ԡ㕂᳝݇ˈᑊϨ੠៾䴶Ϟⱘᘏ࠾࡯៤ℷ↨ˈਜᡯ⠽㒓ߚᏗDŽ䖭ϔ㒧䆎੠
ᴤ᭭࡯ᄺЁⱘṕ‫࠾ݙ‬ᑨ࡯ߚᏗ㾘ᕟⳌৠDŽ೼ᬃᑻ䰘䖥࠾ᑨ࡯᳔໻ˈϨ᳔໻ؐ䖒ࠄ˖
3Q 3 × 5000 × 2.5
τ max = max = = 18750 Pa (4.30)
2A 2 ×1 ×1
(8) ဈ෍໹ມವ࿫ॏࠒ‫ڴ‬d
⬅㸼䖒ᓣ(4.24)㟇(4.26)ᦣ䗄ⱘᑨ࡯ߚᏗৃҹ೼Maple⦃๗Ёˈ㒭ߎᅗӀⱘㄝؐ㒓೒DŽ೒
4.2ᦣ䗄ⱘᰃϡৠ៾䴶Ϟⱘ∈ᑇᑨ࡯¶x ⊓ⴔṕⱘ῾៾䴶催ᑺⱘߚᏗᚙ‫ˈމ‬ᑨ࡯Ңᇣࠄ໻ᇍ
ᑨⱘ៾䴶ԡ㕂ߚ߿ᰃ0.5mˈ1mˈ1.5mˈ1mˈ2.5mDŽ೒4.3ᦣ䗄ⱘᰃ∈ᑇᑨ࡯¶x ೼ṕ‫ߚݙ‬Ꮧ
ⱘㄝؐ㒓೒DŽ

೒4.2 ഛᏗ㥋䕑԰⫼ϟ⏅ṕ‫ⱘݙ‬ϡৠ៾䴶Ϟⱘ∈ᑇᑨ࡯ߚᏗ೒

೒4.3 ഛᏗ㥋䕑԰⫼ϟ⏅ṕ‫∈ⱘݙ‬ᑇᑨ࡯ߚᏗㄝؐ㒓೒

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 ㄀ゴᅲԧ῵ൟᑨ࡯ߚᵤ

೒4.4ᦣ䗄ⱘᰃオ৥ᑨ࡯¶y ೼ṕ‫ݙ‬ӏᛣԡ㕂῾៾䴶Ϟ⊓ⴔ催ᑺⱘߚᏗᚙ‫މ‬DŽ೒4.5ᦣ䗄
ⱘᰃオ৥ᑨ࡯¶y ೼ṕ‫ߚݙ‬Ꮧⱘㄝؐ㒓೒DŽ

೒4.4 ഛᏗ㥋䕑԰⫼ϟ⏅ṕӏᛣ῾៾䴶ԡ㕂⊓ⴔ催ᑺᮍ৥オ৥ᑨ࡯ߚᏗᚙ‫މ‬

೒4.5 ഛᏗ㥋䕑԰⫼ϟ⏅ṕ‫ⱘݙ‬オ৥ᑨ࡯ߚᏗㄝؐ㒓೒

೒4.6ᦣ䗄ⱘᰃṕ‫ݙ‬ϡৠԡ㕂ⱘ῾៾䴶Ϟⱘ࠾ᑨ࡯·[y ⊓ⴔṕⱘ῾៾䴶催ᑺⱘߚᏗᚙ
‫ˈމ‬ᑨ࡯Ң໻ࠄᇣᇍᑨⱘ៾䴶ԡ㕂ߚ߿ᰃ0.5mˈ1mˈ1.5mˈ1mˈ3mˈ3.5mˈ4mˈ4.5mDŽ
೒4.7ᦣ䗄ⱘᰃṕ‫࠾ݙ‬ᑨ࡯·[y ೼ṕ‫ߚݙ‬Ꮧⱘㄝؐ㒓೒DŽ

೒4.6 ഛᏗ㥋䕑԰⫼ϟ⏅ṕ‫࠾ⱘݙ‬ᑨ࡯⊓ⴔṕⱘ῾៾䴶催ᑺⱘߚᏗᚙ‫މ‬

೒4.7 ഛᏗ㥋䕑԰⫼ϟ⏅ṕ‫࠾ⱘݙ‬ᑨ࡯ߚᏗㄝؐ㒓೒

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 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

೒4.8੠೒4.7ߚ߿ᦣ䗄ⱘᰃṕ‫࠾ݙ‬ᑨ࡯㄀ϔЏᑨ࡯੠੠㄀ϝЏᑨ࡯ㄝؐ㒓೒DŽ

೒4.8 ഛᏗ㥋䕑԰⫼ϟ⏅ṕ‫ⱘݙ‬㄀ϔЏᑨ࡯ߚᏗㄝؐ㒓೒

೒4.9 ഛᏗ㥋䕑԰⫼ϟ⏅ṕ‫ⱘݙ‬㄀ϝЏᑨ࡯ߚᏗㄝؐ㒓೒

(9) ဈϫॸॏ༰ֺ֥‫ݦ‬Ԅสྭࠓӓd
⏅ṕⱘবᔶᰃᕜ䲒⫼㾷ᵤᮍ⊩ᕫࠄⱘˈ䖭䞠㒭ߎ⫼ᴤ᭭࡯ᄺᮍ⊩㒭ߎ㒚䭓ṕⱘবᔶ䅵
ㅫDŽᇍѢফഛᏗ㥋䕑԰⫼ⱘㅔᬃṕˈ䎼Ёⱘ᳔໻ᣴᑺؐЎ˖
5 ql 4 5 × 5000 × 54
= 1.6276 × 10− m
5
ymax = = (4.31)
384 EI 384 × 30 × 109 × (1 ×13 /12)
ℸ㾷ㄨৃҹ԰Ў偠䆕⏅ṕԡ⿏䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰⱘখ㗗ˈ⬅Ѣ㒚䭓ṕ≵᳝㗗㰥ᬃᑻԡ㕂ⱘᅲ䰙
বᔶˈ㗠⏅ṕ೼ᬃᑻԡ㕂ⱘবᔶᕜ໡ᴖˈ㗠Ϩԡ⿏‫أ‬໻DŽ᠔ҹ⏅ṕⱘᅲ䰙ԡ⿏ؐᑨ䆹↨㒚
䭓ṕⱘԡ⿏໻DŽ

2ˊANSYSߚᵤ

⬅Ѣ⏅ṕⱘ޴ԩᔶ⢊䴲ᐌㅔऩˈ䖍⬠ᬃᡓгϡ໡ᴖˈ᠔ҹᕜᆍᯧ⫼㡖⚍੠ऩ‫᥹Ⳉⱘܗ‬
ᓎ῵ᴹ∖㾷DŽ
佪‫ˈܜ‬ᇚ⏅ṕ೼䭓ᑺᮍ৥੠催ᑺᮍ৥ߦߚЎ䆌໮Ḑᆑᑺ੠催ᑺഛࣔⱘ㔥Ḑˈ㔥ḐⱘѸ
⚍໘䆒㕂㡖⚍DŽ䖭䞠ᇚ5㉇ᆑᑺߦߚЎ19ӑˈ䆒㕂20Ͼ㡖⚍DŽ1㉇催ᑺߦߚЎ9ሖऩ‫ˈܗ‬䆒㕂
10Ͼ㡖⚍DŽձ⃵ᣝ✻ऩ‫ⱘܗ‬䖲᥹݇㋏ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ
ṕⱘϟ䖍㓬ⱘ᳔Ꮊջ㡖⚍೎ᅮˈ᳔েջ㡖⚍䰤ࠊオ৥ԡ⿏DŽ೼ṕⱘϞ㸼䴶ⱘ᠔᳝㡖⚍
Ϟᮑࡴ⬅䴶㥋䕑ㄝᬜㅔ࣪ᕫࠄ㡖⚍࡯ˈ᳔Ꮊջ㡖⚍੠᳔েջ㡖⚍া᳝Ё䯈㡖⚍࡯ⱘϔञDŽ
䖭ḋህৃҹᓎゟ⏅ṕ䅵ㅫ῵ൟDŽϟ䴶㒭ߎ∖㾷ⱘЏ㽕䖛⿟੠䇈ᯢDŽ
(1) Շ࿌ำߑ੠cγඕcၽ஍҉स੦ࣖᄯඹ‫ڶ‬༶‫ܬ‬Շ࿌ࠋԤd
⫼᭛ӊৡᅮНੑҸĀ/Filename,EX4.1āᅮНᎹ⿟᭛ӊৡЎĀEX4.1āˈ⫼ᷛ乬ᅮНੑҸ
Ā/TitleāᅮНᷛ乬DŽ⫼Ā/PREP7āੑҸ䖯ܹࠡ໘⧚῵ഫPREP7DŽ

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 ㄀ゴᅲԧ῵ൟᑨ࡯ߚᵤ

䞛 ⫼ ᇍ ∈ ᑇ ᮍ ৥ ⱘ 20 Ͼ 㡖 ⚍ ᕾ ⦃ Ā *DO,i,1,20,1ā ੠ ᇍ 催 ᑺ ᮍ ৥ 10 ሖ 㡖 ⚍ ᕾ ⦃
Ā*DO,j,1,10,1āᕾ⦃ᅮН৘Ͼ㡖⚍ˈ⫼㡖⚍ᅮНੑҸĀn,i+(j1)*20, (i1)*5/19, (j1)*1/9ā
ձ⃵䅵ㅫ㡖⚍োĀi+(j1)*20āˈ㡖⚍∈ᑇԡ㕂Ā(i1)*5/19ā੠䪙Ⳉԡ㕂Ā(j1)*1/9āDŽ⫼
Ā*ENDDOā㒧ᴳ催ᑺᮍ৥ⱘᕾ⦃ˈ⫼Ā*ENDDOā㒧ᴳ∈ᑇᮍ৥ⱘᕾ⦃DŽ
(2) Շ࿌Ӧ၍फ໸cಬШ೴cϫॸϵ೴c༶‫ܬ‬Շ࿌ൎပӦ၍d
⫼ऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟᅮНੑҸĀET,1,PLANE82,,,3āᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬Ўᏺ८ᑺ˄䗝乍খ᭄Ā3ā˅
ⱘᑇ䴶ऩ‫ܗ‬PLANE82DŽ⫼ᅲᐌ᭄ᅮНੑҸĀR,1,1āᅮНऩ‫ⱘܗ‬㄀1㉏ᅲᐌ᭄:८ᑺЎ1㉇DŽ
9 2
⫼ᴤ᭭ᅮНੑҸĀMP,EX,1,3e10āᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EX=30×10 N/m ˈ⫼
ĀMP,PRXY, 1,0.3āᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨PRXY=0.3DŽ
᥹ϟᴹজ䞛⫼ᕾ⦃䇁হᅮНऩ‫⫼˖ܗ‬Ā*DO,i,1,19,1āੑҸᇍ∈ᑇᮍ৥ⱘ19Ͼऩ‫ܗ‬ᕾ⦃ˈ
⫼ Ā *DO,j,1,9,1 ā ᇍ 催 ᑺ ᮍ ৥ ⱘ 9 Ͼ ऩ ‫ ܗ‬ᕾ ⦃ ˈ ⫼ ऩ ‫ ܗ‬ᅮ Н ੑ Ҹ
ĀE,i+(j1)*20,i+(j1)*20+1,i+(j0)*20+1,i+(j0)*20ā䖛㡖⚍Āi+(j1)*20ā,Āi+(j1)*20+1ā,
Āi+(j0)*20+1ā੠Āi+(j0)*20āᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ⫼Ā*ENDDOā㒧ᴳ‫ݙ‬ሖᕾ⦃ˈ‫⫼ݡ‬Ā*ENDDOā
㒧ᴳ໪ሖᕾ⦃DŽ
(3) ᮑࡴᬃᑻԡ㕂ⱘ㑺ᴳ੠Ϟ㸼䴶ⱘय़࡯㥋䕑
⫼ԡ⿏㑺ᴳᅮНੑҸĀD,1,allā೎ᅮ1ো㡖⚍ⱘ᠔᳝ԡ⿏㞾⬅ᑺˈ⫼ĀD,20,uyā㑺ᴳ20
ো㡖⚍ⱘYᮍ৥ԡ⿏UYDŽ
⫼㥋䕑ᅮНੑҸĀF,182,fy,5000*5/19,,199,1ā೼182ࠄ199ো˄Ϟ㸼䴶ⱘЁ䯈㡖⚍˅
㡖 ⚍ Ϟ ᮑ ࡴ Yᮍ ৥ ໻ ᇣ ㄝ Ѣ 125N ˄ ᑇ ഛ ߚ 䜡 Ё 䯈 㥋 䕑 ˅ ⱘ 䲚 Ё ࡯DŽ ⫼ Ā F,181,fy,
5000*5/19/2ā੠ĀF,200,fy,5000*5/19/2āᅮНϞ㸼䴶ϸ↉㡖⚍Ϟⱘ㥋䕑DŽ㒣䖛Ϟ䴶ℹ偸
ᕫࠄབ೒4-10᠔⼎ⱘ䅵ㅫ῵ൟDŽ

೒4.10 ⫼㡖⚍੠ऩ‫᥹Ⳉⱘܗ‬ᓎ῵⫳៤ⱘഛᏗ㥋䕑԰⫼ϟ⏅ṕ䅵ㅫ῵ൟ

(4) ၽௐࠓ੦ࣖࢗಳௐࠓd
⫼Ā/SOLUāੑҸ䖯ܹ∖㾷῵ഫSOLUTIONˈ⫼∖㾷ੑҸĀSOLVEāᓔྟ∖㾷DŽ

121
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

(5) ၽ‫҉܊‬स੦ࣖ‫ݛ‬ᄥέ໹෍ۤࠋԤ࿫ॏၩ෍d
⫼Ā/POST1ā䖯ܹৢ໘⧚῵ഫPOST1DŽ⫼㥋䕑ℹ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰᅮНੑҸĀSET,1āᣛᅮ䇏
ܹ㄀1Ͼ㥋䕑ℹⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰDŽ
⫼ԡ⿏䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰੑҸĀPLDISP,2āᰒ⼎বᔶ೒(খ᭄Ā2āֱ⬭ॳ㒧ᵘ䕂ᒧ)DŽᕫࠄབ೒
4.11᠔⼎ⱘবᔶ೒ˈҢ೒Ёৃҹⳟߎˈ᳔໻বᔶߎ⦄೼䎼Ёˈ᳔໻ᣴᑺؐЎ1.95E5 mˈ੠
㒚䭓ṕⱘᣴᑺ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ1.6276E5m໻20%ˈ䖭ᰃ಴Ўᬃᑻԡ㕂ⱘবᔶ䕗໻ⱘ㓬ᬙDŽ

೒4.11 ഛᏗ㥋䕑԰⫼ϟ⏅ṕ‫ⱘݙ‬㄀ϝЏᑨ࡯ߚᏗㄝؐ㒓೒

⫼ㄝؐ㒓೒ḐᓣᅮНੑҸĀ/DEVICE,VECTOR,1āᇚㄝؐ㒓೒᳝买㡆㸼⼎亢ḐߛᤶЎ
ㄝؐ㒓亢ḐDŽ⫼㡖⚍䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰᰒ⼎ੑҸĀPLNSOL,S,xā೼೒ᔶにষᰒ⼎㡖⚍ϞⱘXᮍ৥ᑨ
࡯SXDŽ䆹ੑҸᕫࠄབ೒4.12᠔⼎ⱘᑨ࡯ߚᏗㄝؐ㒓೒ˈ੠ࠡ䴶೒4.3Ⳍ↨ˈ೼䖰⾏ᬃᑻⱘऎ
ඳ䴲ᐌⳌԐDŽ ೒Ёᰒ⼎ⱘ᳔໻ᑨ࡯Ў92334Paˈ੠ࠡ䴶ⱘ⧚䆎ؐⳌ↨ˈ ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬㒧ᵰ‫أ‬ᇣ2.55%ˈ
ᑨ䆹䇈䖬ᰃ෎ᴀϔ㟈ⱘDŽ

೒4.12 ഛᏗ㥋䕑԰⫼ϟ⏅ṕ‫∈ⱘݙ‬ᑇᑨ࡯ߚᏗㄝؐ㒓೒

122
 ㄀ゴᅲԧ῵ൟᑨ࡯ߚᵤ

߽⫼ĀPLNSOL,S,Yāৃҹ೼೒ᔶにষᰒ⼎㡖⚍ϞⱘYᮍ৥ᑨ࡯SYˈᕫࠄབ೒4.13᠔⼎
ⱘᑨ࡯ߚᏗㄝؐ㒓೒ˈ⬅Ѣᬃᑻԡ㕂ⱘᑨ࡯䴲ᐌ催ˈՓᕫṕЁ䚼ⱘオ৥ᑨ࡯ᕜᇣ㗠ϡ䎇ҹ
ᰒ⼎DŽ䗮䖛䗝ᢽ䎼Ёऎඳⱘ㡖⚍੠ऩ‫ৃৢܗ‬ҹᕫࠄ䖭Ͼऎඳⱘオ৥ᑨ࡯ߚᏗㄝؐ㒓೒˄བ
೒4.14᠔⼎˅ˈ੠ࠡ䴶೒4.5Ⳍ↨ˈ೼䖰⾏ᬃᑻⱘऎඳ෎ᴀⳌԐDŽ⬅Ѣᬃᑻⱘᕅડˈオ৥ᑨ
࡯੠⧚䆎᳝ؐ↨䕗໻ⱘᏂᓖDŽ೒4.14Ёᰒ⼎ⱘ᳔໻オ৥य़ᑨ࡯Ў9041Paˈϟ䖍㓬᳝オ৥ᢝ
ᑨ࡯4066Paˈ੠ࠡ䴶ⱘ⧚䆎ؐⳌ↨ˈオ৥ᑨ࡯ⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ‫أ‬Ꮒ䖬ᰃ↨䕗໻ⱘDŽԚᰃᇍѢṕ
ᴹ䇈ˈ∈ᑇᑨ࡯㽕䖰䖰໻Ѣオ৥ᑨ࡯ˈ᠔ҹオ৥ᑨ࡯ⱘ‫أ‬ᏂϡӮᕅડᇍᭈϾṕⱘᑨ࡯䅵ㅫ
㒧ᵰDŽ

೒4.13 ഛᏗ㥋䕑԰⫼ϟ⏅ṕ‫ⱘݙ‬オ৥ᑨ࡯ߚᏗㄝؐ㒓೒

೒4.14 ഛᏗ㥋䕑԰⫼ϟ⏅ṕ‫ⱘݙ‬䎼Ёԡ㕂ⱘオ৥ᑨ࡯ߚᏗㄝؐ㒓೒

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 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

߽⫼ĀPLNSOL,S,XYāৃҹ೼೒ᔶにষᰒ⼎㡖⚍ϞⱘXYᮍ৥࠾ᑨ࡯SXYˈᕫࠄབ೒
4.15᠔⼎ⱘᑨ࡯ߚᏗㄝؐ㒓೒ˈ੠ࠡ䴶೒4.7Ⳍ↨ˈ೼䖰⾏ᬃᑻⱘऎඳ෎ᴀⳌԐDŽ೼ᬃᑻ䰘
䖥ˈ࠾ᑨ࡯ߚᏗϡ‫ݡ‬ᰃϞϟᇍ⿄ⱘDŽ೒Ёᰒ⼎ⱘ᳔໻࠾ᑨ࡯Ў15848Paˈ੠(4.29)ᓣ䅵ߎⱘ
⧚䆎ؐ18750Pa‫أ‬ᇣ15%DŽ

೒4.15 ഛᏗ㥋䕑԰⫼ϟ⏅ṕ‫࠾ⱘݙ‬ᑨ࡯ߚᏗㄝؐ㒓೒
⫼ĀPLNSOL,S,1ā೼೒ᔶにষᰒ⼎㡖⚍Ϟⱘ㄀ϔЏᑨ࡯ˈᕫࠄབ೒4.16᠔⼎ⱘ㄀ϔЏ
ᑨ࡯ㄝؐ㒓೒DŽ೒Ёᰒ⼎᳔໻ᢝᑨ࡯Ў92334PaDŽ

೒4.16 ഛᏗ㥋䕑԰⫼ϟ⏅ṕ‫ⱘݙ‬㄀ϔЏᑨ࡯ߚᏗㄝؐ㒓೒

⫼ĀPLNSOL,S,3āৃҹ೼೒ᔶにষᰒ⼎㡖⚍Ϟⱘ㄀ϝЏᑨ࡯ˈᕫࠄབ೒4.17᠔⼎ⱘ㄀
ϝЏᑨ࡯ㄝؐ㒓೒DŽ೒Ёᰒ⼎᳔໻य़ᑨ࡯Ў141146DŽ䆹ؐ㽕↨ߎ⦄೼䎼Ёⱘ᳔໻य़ᑨ࡯໻

124
 ㄀ゴᅲԧ῵ൟᑨ࡯ߚᵤ

䆌໮ˈᑊߎ⦄೼ᬃᑻԡ㕂䰘䖥ˈ䇈ᯢᬃᑻԡ㕂ⱘᑨ࡯䲚ЁӮՓሔ䚼ߎ⦄ᕜ催ⱘ᣸य़ᑨ࡯ؐDŽ
೼䆒䅵ᬃᑻԡ㕂ᯊˈ䳔㽕⡍߿ⱘᵘ䗴ˈҹ䰆ℶ䆹䚼ԡⱘ⸈ണDŽ

೒4.17 ഛᏗ㥋䕑԰⫼ϟ⏅ṕ‫ⱘݙ‬㄀ϝЏᑨ࡯ߚᏗㄝؐ㒓೒

⫼ĀPLNSOL,S,EQVā೼೒ᔶにষᰒ⼎㡖⚍Misesᑨ࡯ˈᕫࠄབ೒4.18᠔⼎ⱘMisesᑨ࡯
ߚᏗ೒DŽMisesᑨ࡯ᰃ㓐ড়њ᳔໻ᑨ࡯੠᳔ᇣᑨ࡯ⱘㄝᬜሜ᳡ᑨ࡯ˈ೼ลᗻᴤ᭭ⱘ㒧ᵘ䆒䅵
Ёˈᅗᰃ᥻ࠊ㒧ᵘ⸈ണⱘЏ㽕ᣛᷛDŽ೒Ёᰒ⼎ⱘ᳔໻Misesᑨ࡯Ў147177Paˈ᳔ᇣⱘMises
ᑨ࡯Ў5786PaDŽṕⱘᬃᑻԡ㕂੠䎼Ё䚼ԡⱘϞϟ䖍㓬䛑ᰃMisesᑨ࡯ⱘ催ᑨ࡯ऎDŽ

೒4.18 ഛᏗ㥋䕑԰⫼ϟ⏅ṕ‫ⱘݙ‬Misesᑨ࡯ߚᏗㄝؐ㒓೒

3ˊANSYS⿟ᑣ

FINISH ! 䗔ߎҹࠡ῵ഫ
/CLEAR,NOSTART ! ⏙䰸‫ݙ‬ᄬЁⱘ᠔᭄᳝᥂,ϡ䇏ܹ߱ྟ࣪᭛ӊ

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! (1)ᅮН᭛ӊৡǃᷛ乬ǃ೼ࠡ໘⧚῵ഫЁ䗮䖛ᕾ⦃ᅮН㡖⚍
/Filename,EX4.1 ! ᅮНᎹ⿟᭛ӊৡ⿄
/Title,EX4.1, Deep Beam Under Uniform Load ! ᅮНᷛ乬
/PREP7 ! 䖯ܹࠡ໘⧚῵ഫPREP7
*DO,i,1,20,1 ! ∈ᑇᮍ৥㡖⚍ⱘᕾ⦃
*DO,j,1,10,1 ! 催ᑺᮍ৥㡖⚍ᕾ⦃
n,i+(j-1)*20,(i-1)*5/19,(j-1)*1/9 ! ձ⃵䅵ㅫ㡖⚍োˈ㡖⚍∈ᑇԡ㕂੠䪙Ⳉԡ㕂
*ENDDO ! 㒧ᴳᕾ⦃
*ENDDO ! 㒧ᴳᕾ⦃
! (2)ᅮНऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟǃᅲᐌ᭄ǃᴤ᭭খ᭄ǃᕾ⦃ᅮН᠔᳝ऩ‫ܗ‬
ET,1,PLANE82,,,3 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬Ўᏺ८ᑺⱘᑇ䴶ऩ‫ܗ‬PLANE82
R,1,1 ! ᅮНऩ‫ⱘܗ‬㄀1㉏ᅲᐌ᭄:८ᑺЎ1
MP,EX,1,3e10 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EX=3e10 N/m2
MP,PRXY,1,0.3 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨PRXY=0.3
*DO,i,1,19,1 ! ∈ᑇᮍ৥ऩ‫ܗ‬ᕾ⦃
*DO,j,1,9,1 ! 催ᑺᮍ৥ऩ‫ܗ‬ᕾ⦃
E,i+(j-1)*20,i+(j-1)*20+1,i+(j-0)*20+1,i+(j-0)*20 ! ᅮНऩ‫ⱘܗ‬ಯ㡖⚍
*ENDDO ! 㒧ᴳᕾ⦃
*ENDDO ! 㒧ᴳᕾ⦃
! (3)ᮑࡴᬃᑻԡ㕂ⱘ㑺ᴳ੠Ϟ㸼䴶ⱘय़࡯㥋䕑
D,1,all ! ೎ᅮ1ো㡖⚍
D,20,uy ! 㑺ᴳ20ো㡖⚍ⱘYᮍ৥ԡ⿏UY
F,182,fy,-5000*5/19,,199,1 ! ೼182ࠄ199ো㡖⚍Ϟᮑࡴ-Yᮍ৥໻ᇣㄝѢ125Nⱘ䲚Ё࡯
F,181,fy,-5000*5/19/2
F,200,fy,-5000*5/19/2
FINISH ! 䗔ߎࠡ໘⧚῵ഫ
! (4)೼∖㾷῵ഫᓔྟ∖㾷
/SOLU ! 䖯ܹ∖㾷῵ഫSOLUTION
SOLVE ! ᓔྟ∖㾷
FINISH ! 䗔ߎ∖㾷῵ഫ
! (5)೼ৢ໘⧚῵ഫ㒬ࠊবᔶ೒੠㡖⚍ᑨ࡯ѥ೒
/POST1 ! 䖯ܹৢ໘⧚῵ഫPOST1
SET,1 ! 䇏ܹ㄀1Ͼ㥋䕑ℹⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
PLDISP,2 ! ᰒ⼎বᔶ೒(ֱ⬭ॳ㒧ᵘ䕂ᒧ)
/DEVICE,VECTOR,1 ! ߛᤶᰒ⼎亢ḐЎⶶ䞣㒓ᮍᓣ
PLNSOL,S,X ! ೼೒ᔶにষᰒ⼎㡖⚍ϞⱘXᮍ৥ℷᑨ࡯
PLNSOL,S,Y ! ೼೒ᔶにষᰒ⼎㡖⚍ϞⱘYᮍ৥ℷᑨ࡯
PLNSOL,S,XY ! ೼೒ᔶにষᰒ⼎㡖⚍ϞⱘXYᮍ৥ⱘ࠾ᑨ࡯
PLNSOL,S,1 ! ೼೒ᔶにষᰒ⼎㡖⚍Ϟⱘ㄀ϔЏᑨ࡯
PLNSOL,S,3 ! ೼೒ᔶにষᰒ⼎㡖⚍Ϟⱘ㄀ϝЏᑨ࡯
PLNSOL,S,EQV ! ೼೒ᔶにষᰒ⼎㡖⚍Misesᑨ࡯
FINISH ! 䗔ߎৢ῵ഫ

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4ˊ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ䅼䆎

䗮䖛Ϟ䴶⿟ᑣⱘ䅵ㅫˈৃҹᕫࠄ᳈ヺড়ᅲ䰙῵ൟᚙ‫ⱘމ‬বᔶ੠ᑨ࡯ߚᵤ㒧ᵰDŽ݊㒧ᵰ
੠⧚䆎㒧ᵰǃ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬㒧ᵰ᳝ϔᅮⱘᏂ䎱ˈ䖭Џ㽕ᰃ಴Ў⧚䆎῵ൟՓ⫼њ䆌໮ⱘ⧚ᛇ‫؛‬ᅮDŽ
㗠᳝䰤‫ܗ‬䅵ㅫ῵ൟ੠ᅲ䰙ᚙ‫މ‬᳈᥹䖥ϔѯˈ᠔ҹ䇈ˈ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰৃҹᕜདഄড᯴⏅ṕ
㒧ᵘⱘবᔶ੠ᑨ࡯ߚᏗDŽԚᰃˈ೼ᬃᑻԡ㕂䰘䖥ˈ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟՓ⫼њ೎ᅮϔϾ㡖⚍ⱘԡ⿏
㑺ᴳᴵӊˈ੠ᅲ䰙ᚙ‫މ‬ᰃ᳝ᏂᓖⱘDŽᑊϨ䖭ḋⱘ‫؛‬ᅮгᓩ䍋њሔ䚼᣸य़ᑨ࡯ⱘᗹ࠻छ催ˈ
䖭੠ᅲ䰙ᚙ‫މ‬ᰃϡヺড়ⱘDŽབᵰ䇏㗙䗮䖛㔥Ḑࡴᆚ䅵ㅫ䖭Ͼऎඳⱘ᳔໻ᑨ࡯ؐˈӮথ⦄ᑨ
࡯Ӯ䱣ⴔ㔥Ḑⱘϡᮁ㒚࣪㗠ϡᮁഄछ催ˈ䖭ᰃℷᐌⱘDŽ಴Ў῵ൟՓ⫼ϔϾ㡖⚍ԡ⿏㑺ᴳˈ
ⳌᔧѢ᳝ϔϾ䲚Ё࡯԰⫼೼ᬃᑻԡ㕂ˈᔧ✊䖭Ͼ㡖⚍ԡ⿏ⱘᑨ࡯ᰃ᮴か໻DŽ᠔ҹ㽕ᕫࠄᬃ
ᑻሔ䚼ⱘ‫ߚ⹂ޚ‬Ꮧˈ䳔㽕㗗㰥ᇚ݊ㅔ࣪៤ϔϾऎඳ᥹㾺ˈᠡৃҹᕫࠄ᳝䰤ⱘᬃᑻԡ㕂ⱘ‫ޚ‬
⹂ᑨ࡯ߚᏗDŽ
៥ӀՓ⫼њ㡖⚍ᅮН੠ऩ‫ܗ‬ᅮНⱘⳈ᥹ᓎ῵ᮍ⊩ˈ⫳៤њ䅵ㅫ῵ൟDŽৠḋഄˈгৃҹ
⫼ԧ㋴ᓎ῵ᮍ⊩ˈ✊ৢ䗮䖛ऩ‫˄ߚߦܗ‬MESH˅᪡԰ˈ⫳៤䅵ㅫ῵ൟˈϟ䴶㒭ߎ⬅ԧ㋴ᓎ
῵䅵ㅫⱘ䖭Ͼ䯂乬DŽ䆺㒚ᚙ‫ˈމ‬䇏㗙ৃҹখ㗗㄀6ゴDŽ

5ˊ⫼ᅲԧᓎ῵ᮍ⊩ᅠ៤ᇍ⏅ṕⱘߚᵤ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎҹࠡ῵ഫ
/CLEAR,NOSTART ! ⏙䰸‫ݙ‬ᄬЁⱘ᠔᭄᳝᥂,ϡ䇏ܹ߱ྟ࣪᭛ӊ
! (1)ᅮН᭛ӊৡǃᷛ乬ǃ೼ࠡ໘⧚῵ഫЁ䗮䖛ᅲԧᓎ῵ੑҸᓎゟᅲԧ῵ൟ
/Filename,EX4.1-1 ! ᅮНᎹ⿟᭛ӊৡ⿄
/Title,EX4.1-1, Deep Beam Under Uniform Load with SOLID modeling method
/PREP7 ! 䖯ܹࠡ໘⧚῵ഫPREP7
blc4,,,5,1 ! ᓎゟҢ˄0ˈ0˅ࠄ˄5ˈ1˅ⱘⶽᔶऎඳ
! (2)ᅮНऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟǃᅲᐌ᭄ǃᴤ᭭খ᭄ǃᣛᅮऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬ᯊⱘऩ‫ܗ‬໻ᇣˈᑊᇚᅲԧߦߚЎ䴶ऩ‫ܗ‬
ET,1,PLANE82,,,3 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬Ўᏺ८ᑺⱘᑇ䴶ऩ‫ܗ‬PLANE82
R,1,1 ! ᅮНऩ‫ⱘܗ‬㄀1㉏ᅲᐌ᭄:८ᑺЎ1
MP,EX,1,3e10 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EX=3e10 N/m2
MP,PRXY,1,0.3 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨PRXY=0.3
Esize,.2 ! 䆒㕂ऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬ᰃऩ‫ⱘܗ‬໻ᇣЎ0.2m
amesh,1 ! ᇍ1ো䴶ᠻ㸠䴶ऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬᪡԰,ᕫࠄ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎࠡ໘⧚῵ഫ
! (4)೼∖㾷῵ഫˈᅮНԡ⿏㑺ᴳǃ㥋䕑ᑊᓔྟ∖㾷
/SOLU ! 䖯ܹ∖㾷῵ഫSOLUTION
DK,1,all ! ೎ᅮ᳔Ꮊッϟ䖍㓬ⱘ1ো݇䬂⚍
DK,2,uy ! 㑺ᴳ᳔েッϟ䖍㓬ⱘ2ো݇䬂⚍ⱘYᮍ৥ԡ⿏UY
SFL,3,PRES,5000, , , , ! ೼Ϟ㸼䴶ⱘ3ো㒓Ϟᮑࡴय़࡯㥋䕑ˈ໻ᇣЎ5000N/m
SOLVE ! ᓔྟ∖㾷
FINISH ! 䗔ߎ∖㾷῵ഫ
! (5)೼ৢ໘⧚῵ഫ㒬ࠊবᔶ೒੠㡖⚍ᑨ࡯ѥ೒
/POST1 ! 䖯ܹৢ໘⧚῵ഫPOST1
SET,1 ! 䇏ܹ㄀1Ͼ㥋䕑ℹⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ

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PLDISP,2 ! ᰒ⼎বᔶ೒(ֱ⬭ॳ㒧ᵘ䕂ᒧ)
/DEVICE,VECTOR,1 ! ߛᤶᰒ⼎亢ḐЎⶶ䞣㒓ᮍᓣ
PLNSOL,S,X ! ೼೒ᔶにষᰒ⼎㡖⚍ϞⱘXᮍ৥ℷᑨ࡯
PLNSOL,S,Y ! ೼೒ᔶにষᰒ⼎㡖⚍ϞⱘYᮍ৥ℷᑨ࡯
PLNSOL,S,XY ! ೼೒ᔶにষᰒ⼎㡖⚍ϞⱘXYᮍ৥ⱘ࠾ᑨ࡯
PLNSOL,S,1 ! ೼೒ᔶにষᰒ⼎㡖⚍Ϟⱘ㄀ϔЏᑨ࡯
PLNSOL,S,3 ! ೼೒ᔶにষᰒ⼎㡖⚍Ϟⱘ㄀ϝЏᑨ࡯
PLNSOL,S,EQV ! ೼೒ᔶにষᰒ⼎㡖⚍Misesᑨ࡯
FINISH ! 䗔ߎৢ῵ഫ

4.2 ϔᇍ䲚Ё࡯԰⫼ϟⱘ೚⦃

‫ݙ‬ᕘ100mmˈ໪ᕘ200mmⱘ೚⦃ˈ೼ϔᇍ⊓ⴔⳈᕘᮍ৥ⱘ䲚Ё࡯԰⫼ϟথ⫳1mmⱘय़
㓽䞣˄བ೒4.19᠔⼎˅DŽᏆⶹᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣Ў2GPaˈ䆩߽⫼ᑇ䴶ᑨ࡯ऩ‫ܗ‬PLANE42䅵ㅫ
ᮑࡴⱘ࡯ⱘ໻ᇣˈҹঞ‫ݙ‬䚼ⱘᑨ࡯ߚᏗDŽ

10
y
r 5
4
P 379 x 3 361 P
19 ? 2
1
36

28

100mm

200mm

೒4.19 Ёᖗফय़೚⦃ⱘ䅵ㅫ῵ൟ⼎ᛣ೒

1ˊ⧚䆎ߚᵤ

ফय़೚⦃ⱘᑨ࡯ߚᵤᰃϔϾ䞡㽕ⱘᔍᗻ࡯ᄺ䯂乬ˈгᰃ‫ܝ‬ᔍᗻᅲ偠࡯ᄺЁⱘ‫݌‬ൟ䆩ӊDŽ
䖭䞠៥Ӏ䗮䖛Ⳉ᥹ᓎ῵ᮍ⊩ˈᓎ῵೚⦃῵ൟˈᑊ䅵ㅫ೼ϔᇍ䲚Ё࡯԰⫼ϟⱘᑨ࡯ߚᏗDŽ
䖭Ͼᑇ䴶ᑨ࡯䯂乬೼⧚䆎Ϟᰃ≵᳝㾷ᵤ㾷ⱘˈ᠔ҹ䖭䞠᮴⊩ᦤկᇍ⧚䆎㒧ᵰⱘ䆘Ӌ䌘
᭭DŽԚᰃ᳝䰤‫ⱘܗ‬㒧ᵰৃҹ੠‫⌟ܝ‬ᔍᗻ࡯ᄺⱘᅲ偠⦄䈵䖯㸠↨䕗DŽ
㗗㰥೚⦃೼޴ԩϞᰃ䕈ᇍ⿄ᔶ⢊ˈ㡖⚍ߚᏗⱘᦣ䗄೼ᵕതᷛ㋏ϟӮ᳈ᮍ֓ϔѯDŽ೼೒
4.19᠔⼎ⱘതᷛ㋏ϟˈҢ೚⦃‫ݙ‬ջⱘ∈ᑇԡ㕂ᓔྟˈ䗚ᯊ䩜ᕾ⦃ˈҢ‫ࠄݙ‬໪Ꮧ㕂㡖⚍DŽ⦃
৥⦃ߚЎ36ㄝӑˈ䆒㕂36Ͼ㡖⚍DŽ⊓ञᕘᮍ৥䆒㕂10ሖऩ‫ˈܗ‬11ሖ㡖⚍DŽ䗮䖛ҹϟ⿟ᑣЁ
ⱘࠡϸℹˈᓎゟњབ೒4.20᠔⼎ⱘᑇ䴶䯂乬䅵ㅫ῵ൟDŽ

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೒4.20 ⫼㡖⚍੠ऩ‫᥹Ⳉܗ‬ᓎ῵ᅮНⱘЁᖗফय़೚⦃ⱘ䅵ㅫ῵ൟ

೼㄀˄3˅ℹᮑࡴԡ⿏䖍⬠ᴵӊৢˈ∖㾷ᕫࠄ㡖⚍ԡ⿏㒧ᵰDŽ㄀(4)ℹ೼ৢ໘⧚῵ഫˈ
ᰒ⼎বᔶ੠ᑨ࡯㒧ᵰˈ⫼㡖⚍ԡ⿏ᰒ⼎ੑҸĀPLDISP,2āᏺॳ῵ൟ೒ˈᰒ⼎বᔶ೒ˈᕫࠄ
བ೒4.21᠔⼎ⱘবᔶ೒DŽ᳔໻ԡ⿏থ⫳೼᳔েջⱘ㡖⚍ˈ໻ᇣㄝѢ1mmDŽ

೒4.21 Ёᖗফय़೚⦃೼ᔎࠊԡ⿏԰⫼ϟⱘবᔶ೒

⫼㡖⚍㒧ᵰᰒ⼎ੑҸĀPLNSOL,S,Xāᰒ⼎∈ᑇᮍ৥ⱘᑨ࡯SXˈབ೒4.22᠔⼎DŽ᳔໻∈
ᑇᑨ࡯Ў3.004MPaˈথ⫳೼೚⦃໪ջⱘϞϟ䖍㓬DŽ᳔ᇣ∈ᑇᑨ࡯Ў䆒䅵15.619MPaˈথ⫳
೼ᮑࡴԡ⿏㑺ᴳⱘԡ㕂DŽ

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 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

೒4.22 Ёᖗফय़೚⦃೼ᔎࠊԡ⿏԰⫼ϟⱘ∈ᑇᮍ৥ᑨ࡯ߚᏗ೒

⫼㡖⚍㒧ᵰᰒ⼎ੑҸĀPLNSOL,S,Yāᰒ⼎オⳈᮍ৥ᑨ࡯SYˈབ೒4.23᠔⼎DŽ᳔໻オ৥
ᑨ࡯Ў10.613MPaˈথ⫳೼೚⦃‫ݙ‬ջⱘᎺে䖍㓬DŽ᳔ᇣ∈ᑇᑨ࡯Ў9.447MPaˈথ⫳೼ᮑࡴ
ԡ⿏㑺ᴳⱘԡ㕂DŽ

೒4.23 Ёᖗফय़೚⦃೼ᔎࠊԡ⿏԰⫼ϟⱘオ৥ᑨ࡯ߚᏗ೒

⫼㡖⚍㒧ᵰᰒ⼎ੑҸĀPLNSOL,S,XYāᰒ⼎XYᑇ䴶‫࠾ⱘݙ‬ᑨ࡯SXYˈབ೒4.24᠔⼎DŽ
᳔໻࠾ᑨ࡯ Ў2.653MPaˈ᳔ᇣ࠾ᑨ࡯Ў2.653MPaˈᅗӀথ⫳೼೚⦃‫ݙ‬䚼∈ᑇ䕈ⱘϞϟ
ϸջDŽ

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 ㄀ゴᅲԧ῵ൟᑨ࡯ߚᵤ

೒4.24 Ёᖗফय़೚⦃೼ᔎࠊԡ⿏԰⫼ϟⱘ࠾ᑨ࡯ߚᏗ೒

⫼㡖⚍㒧ᵰᰒ⼎ੑҸĀPLNSOL,S,1ā ᰒ⼎㄀1Џᑨ࡯S1ˈབ೒4.25᠔⼎DŽ᳔໻ᢝᑨ࡯
Ў10.613MPaˈথ⫳೼೚⦃‫ݙ‬ջⱘᎺে䖍㓬DŽ᳔ᇣᢝᑨ࡯Ў0MPaDŽ

೒4.25 Ёᖗফय़೚⦃೼ᔎࠊԡ⿏԰⫼ϟⱘ㄀ϔЏᑨ࡯ߚᏗ೒

⫼㡖⚍㒧ᵰᰒ⼎ੑҸĀPLNSOL,S,3āᰒ⼎㄀3Џᑨ࡯S3ˈབ೒4.26᠔⼎DŽ᳔ᇣय़ᑨ࡯
Ў0MPaˈথ⫳೼೚⦃໪ջⱘϞϟ䖍㓬DŽ᳔໻य़ᑨ࡯Ў15.619MPaˈথ⫳೼ᮑࡴԡ⿏㑺ᴳⱘ
ԡ㕂DŽ

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 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

೒4.26 Ёᖗফय़೚⦃೼ᔎࠊԡ⿏԰⫼ϟⱘ㄀ϝЏᑨ࡯ߚᏗ೒

⫼㡖⚍㒧ᵰᰒ⼎ੑҸĀPLNSOL,S,EQVāᰒ⼎Misesᑨ࡯SEQVˈབ೒4.27᠔⼎DŽ᳔໻
Misesᑨ࡯Ў13.625MPaˈথ⫳೼ᮑࡴԡ⿏㑺ᴳⱘԡ㕂DŽ

೒4.27 Ёᖗফय़೚⦃೼ᔎࠊԡ⿏԰⫼ϟⱘMisesᑨ࡯ߚᏗ೒

2ˊANSYS⿟ᑣ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎҹࠡ῵ഫ
/CLEAR,NOSTART ! ⏙䰸‫ݙ‬ᄬЁⱘ᠔᭄᳝᥂,ϡ䇏ܹ߱ྟ࣪᭛ӊ
! (1) ᅮН᭛ӊৡǃᷛ乬ǃ೼ࠡ໘⧚῵ഫЁ䗮䖛ᕾ⦃೼᷅തᷛ㋏ϟᅮН㡖⚍
/FileName,EX4.2 ! ᅮНᎹ⿟᭛ӊৡ⿄
/TITLE,EX4.2, Round Ring under a pair of concentrated force by direct modeling

132
 ㄀ゴᅲԧ῵ൟᑨ࡯ߚᵤ

method. ! ᅮНᷛ乬
/PREP7 ! 䖯ܹࠡ໘⧚῵ഫPREP7
csys,1 ! ߛᤶᔧࠡതᷛ㋏Ў᷅തᷛ㋏
*DO,i,1,36,1 ! ⦃৥ᕾ⦃36⃵⫳៤㡖⚍
*DO,j,1,11,1 ! ञᕘᮍ৥ᕾ⦃11⃵⫳៤㡖⚍
N,i+(j-1)*36,50+5*(j-1),(i-1)*10 ! ᅮН᠔᳝㡖⚍ⱘञᕘԡ㕂੠㾦ᑺԡ㕂
*ENDDO ! 㒧ᴳᕾ⦃
*ENDDO ! 㒧ᴳᕾ⦃
! (2)ᅮНऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟǃᅲᐌ᭄੠ᴤ᭭খ᭄,߽⫼ᕾ⦃ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬
ET,1,PLANE82,,,3 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬Ўᏺ८ᑺⱘಯ㡖⚍ᑇ䴶ᑨ࡯ऩ‫ܗ‬PLANE82
R,1,1 ! ᅮНऩ‫ⱘܗ‬㄀1㉏ᅲᐌ᭄:ऩ‫ܗ‬८ᑺЎ1mm
MP,EX,1,2e3 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EX˙2 GPa=2e3 N/mm2
MP,PRXY,0.3 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨PRXY˙0.3
*DO,j,1,10,1 ! ञᕘᮍ৥ᕾ⦃10⃵⫳៤ऩ‫ܗ‬
*DO,i,1,35,1 ! ⦃৥ᕾ⦃35⃵⫳៤ऩ‫ܗ‬
E,i+(j-1)*36,i+(j-1)*36+1,i+(j-0)*36+1,i+(j-0)*36 ! ᅮНऩ‫ⱘܗ‬4Ͼ㡖⚍
*ENDDO ! 㒧ᴳ‫ݙ‬ሖᕾ⦃
E,36+(j-1)*36,1+(j-1)*36,1+(j-0)*36,36+(j-0)*36 ! ᅮН᳔ৢϔ߫ऩ‫ܗ‬
*ENDDO ! 㒧ᴳ໪ሖᕾ⦃
FINISH ! 䗔ߎࠡ໘⧚῵ഫ
! (3)ᮑࡴԡ⿏䖍⬠ᴵӊৢˈ∖㾷
/SOLU ! 䖯ܹ∖㾷῵ഫ
D,379,all,0 ! 䰤ࠊ᳔Ꮊջⱘ379ো㡖⚍ⱘ᠔᳝ԡ⿏
D,361,uy,0 ! 䰤ࠊ᳔েջ⚍361ⱘYᮍ৥ԡ⿏
D,361,ux,-1 ! 㒭᳔েջ⚍361ো㡖⚍ᮑࡴ-Xᮍ৥ⱘ໻ᇣЎ1ⱘᔎࠊԡ⿏UX=1
SOLVE ! ᓔྟ䴭࡯ߚᵤ∖㾷
FINISH ! 䗔ߎ∖㾷῵ഫ
! (4)೼ৢ໘⧚῵ഫ,ᰒ⼎বᔶ੠ᑨ࡯㒧ᵰ
/POST1 ! 䖯ܹৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
PLDISP,2 ! ᏺॳ῵ൟ೒,ᰒ⼎বᔶ೒
PLNSOL,S,X ! ᰒ⼎∈ᑇᮍ৥ⱘᑨ࡯SX
PLNSOL,S,Y ! ᰒ⼎オⳈᮍ৥ᑨ࡯SY
PLNSOL,S,XY ! ᰒ⼎XYᑇ䴶‫࠾ⱘݙ‬ᑨ࡯SXY
PLNSOL,S,1 ! ᰒ⼎㄀1Џᑨ࡯S1
PLNSOL,S,3 ! ᰒ⼎㄀3Џᑨ࡯S3
PLNSOL,S,EQV ! ᰒ⼎Misesᑨ࡯SEQV
FINISH ! 䗔ߎৢ໘⧚῵ഫ

3ˊ㒧ᵰߚᵤ䅼䆎

Ϟ䴶߽⫼ᑇ䴶Ϟⱘ㡖⚍੠ऩ‫᥹Ⳉⱘܗ‬ᓎ῵ᮍ⊩ߚᵤњফϔᇍ䲚Ё࡯԰⫼ⱘЁᖗফय़೚
⦃䯂乬DŽৠḋഄˈ䖭Ͼ῵ൟгৃҹ߽⫼Ѡ㓈޴ԩԧ㋴ᓎ῵ᮍ⊩ᴹᅠ៤DŽϟ䴶㒭ߎ⫼Ѡ㓈޴
ԩԧ㋴ᓎゟ೚⦃ˈ✊ৢᇍ݊䖯㸠ऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬᪡԰ᓎゟ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟˈԡ⿏㑺ᴳᰃ䗮䖛݇䬂⚍ᴹ
ᮑࡴⱘDŽ∖㾷㒧ᵰᰒ⼎ⱘ乍Ⳃ੠ࠡ䴶Ⳍৠˈҹϟᰃ∖㾷ⱘܼ䚼⿟ᑣDŽ

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FINISH ! 䗔ߎҹࠡ῵ഫ
/CLEAR,NOSTART ! ⏙䰸‫ݙ‬ᄬЁⱘ᠔᭄᳝᥂,ϡ䇏ܹ߱ྟ࣪᭛ӊ
! (1) ᅮН᭛ӊৡǃᷛ乬ǃ೼ࠡ໘⧚῵ഫЁ䗮䖛ᕾ⦃೼᷅തᷛ㋏ϟᅮН㡖⚍
/FileName,EX4.2-2 ! ᅮНᎹ⿟᭛ӊৡ⿄
/TITLE,EX4.2-2, Round Ring under a pair of concentrated force by geometry
modeling. ! ᅮНᷛ乬
/PREP7 ! 䖯ܹࠡ໘⧚῵ഫPREP7
CYL4, , ,50, ,100 ! ᅮНҹതᷛॳ⚍˄0ˈ0˅Ў೚ᖗˈ‫ݙ‬ञᕘ50mmˈ໪ञᕘ100mmⱘ೚⦃
! (2)ᅮНऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟǃᅲᐌ᭄੠ᴤ᭭খ᭄,߽⫼ᕾ⦃ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬
ET,1,PLANE82,,,3 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬Ўᏺ८ᑺⱘಯ㡖⚍ᑇ䴶ᑨ࡯ऩ‫ܗ‬PLANE82
R,1,1 ! ᅮНऩ‫ⱘܗ‬㄀1㉏ᅲᐌ᭄:ऩ‫ܗ‬८ᑺЎ1mm
MP,EX,1,2e3 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EX˙2 GPa=2e3 N/mm2
MP,PRXY,0.3 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨PRXY˙0.3
esize,5 ! 䆒㕂ऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬ᯊⱘ咬䅸ऩ‫ܗ‬ሎᇌЎ5mm
amesh,1 ! ᇍ೚⦃䴶䖯㸠ऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬
FINISH ! 䗔ߎࠡ໘⧚῵ഫ
! (3)ᮑࡴԡ⿏䖍⬠ᴵӊৢˈ∖㾷
/SOLU ! 䖯ܹ∖㾷῵ഫ
dk,3,all ! 䰤ࠊ᳔Ꮊջⱘ3ো݇䬂⚍ⱘ᠔᳝ԡ⿏
dk,1,uy ! 䰤ࠊ᳔েջ⚍1ো݇䬂⚍ⱘYᮍ৥ԡ⿏
dk,1,ux,-1 ! 㒭᳔েջ⚍1ো݇䬂⚍ᮑࡴ-Xᮍ৥ⱘ໻ᇣЎ1ⱘᔎࠊԡ⿏UX=1
SOLVE ! ᓔྟ䴭࡯ߚᵤ∖㾷
FINISH ! 䗔ߎ∖㾷῵ഫ
! (4)೼ৢ໘⧚῵ഫ,ᰒ⼎বᔶ੠ᑨ࡯㒧ᵰ
/POST1 ! 䖯ܹৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
PLDISP,2 ! ᏺॳ῵ൟ೒,ᰒ⼎বᔶ೒
PLNSOL,S,X ! ᰒ⼎∈ᑇᮍ৥ⱘᑨ࡯SX
PLNSOL,S,Y ! ᰒ⼎オⳈᮍ৥ᑨ࡯SY
PLNSOL,S,XY ! ᰒ⼎XYᑇ䴶‫࠾ⱘݙ‬ᑨ࡯SXY
PLNSOL,S,1 ! ᰒ⼎㄀1Џᑨ࡯S1
PLNSOL,S,3 ! ᰒ⼎㄀3Џᑨ࡯S3
PLNSOL,S,EQV ! ᰒ⼎Misesᑨ࡯SEQV
FINISH ! 䗔ߎৢ໘⧚῵ഫ

䆒㕂ऩ‫ܗ‬ሎᇌЎ5mmˈ䗮䖛⿟ᑣⱘࠡϸℹˈᓎゟњབ೒4.28᠔⼎ⱘ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟDŽ
೼㄀˄3˅ℹᮑࡴԡ⿏䖍⬠ᴵӊৢˈ∖㾷ᕫࠄ㡖⚍ԡ⿏㒧ᵰDŽ㄀(4)ℹ೼ৢ໘⧚῵ഫˈ
ᰒ⼎বᔶ੠ᑨ࡯㒧ᵰˈ⫼㡖⚍ԡ⿏ᰒ⼎ੑҸĀPLDISP,2āᏺॳ῵ൟ೒ˈᰒ⼎বᔶ೒ˈᕫࠄ
བ೒4.29᠔⼎ⱘবᔶ೒DŽ੠೒4.21Ⳍ↨ˈবᔶ೒ⳌৠDŽ
⫼㡖⚍㒧ᵰᰒ⼎ੑҸĀPLNSOL,S,Xāᰒ⼎∈ᑇᮍ৥ⱘᑨ࡯SXˈབ೒4.30᠔⼎DŽ᳔໻∈
ᑇᑨ࡯Ў10.882MPa˄೒4.22ᰃ3.004MPa˅ˈথ⫳೼೚⦃໪ջⱘϞϟ䖍㓬DŽ᳔ᇣ∈ᑇᑨ࡯Ў
50.584MPa˄೒4.22ᰃ15.619MPa˅ˈথ⫳೼ᮑࡴԡ⿏㑺ᴳⱘԡ㕂DŽ䖭ϸϾ῵ൟⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧
ᵰᏂᓖЏ㽕ᰃ಴Ў೼ԡ⿏㑺ᴳԡ㕂ⱘऩ‫ܗ‬ሎᇌ໻ᇣϡৠ㗠ᓩ䍋ⱘDŽࡴᆚ䖭Ͼԡ㕂ⱘऩ‫ܗ‬㔥
ḐˈᏂ߿Ӯ䖯ϔℹ๲໻DŽԚᰃ೼䖰⾏䖭Ͼ䲚Ё࡯ऎඳˈᑨ࡯ߚᏗᰃ䴲ᐌ᥹䖥ⱘDŽ

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೒4.28 ⫼޴ԩԧ㋴ᓎ῵ᑊߦߚऩ‫ⱘৢܗ‬Ёᖗফय़೚⦃ⱘ䅵ㅫ῵ൟ

೒4.29 Ёᖗফय़೚⦃೼ᔎࠊԡ⿏԰⫼ϟⱘবᔶ೒

೒4.30 Ёᖗফय़೚⦃೼ᔎࠊԡ⿏԰⫼ϟⱘ∈ᑇᮍ৥ᑨ࡯ߚᏗ೒

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⫼㡖⚍㒧ᵰᰒ⼎ੑҸĀPLNSOL,S,Yāᰒ⼎オⳈᮍ৥ᑨ࡯SYˈབ೒4.31᠔⼎DŽ᳔໻オ৥
ᑨ࡯Ў9.393MPa˄೒4.23ᰃ10.613MPa˅ˈথ⫳೼೚⦃‫ݙ‬ջⱘᎺে䖍㓬DŽ᳔ᇣ∈ᑇᑨ࡯Ў
33.416˄೒4.23ᰃ9.447MPa˅ˈথ⫳೼ᮑࡴԡ⿏㑺ᴳⱘԡ㕂DŽ䖭ϸϾ῵ൟ೼ԡ⿏㑺ᴳԡ㕂
ⱘ㒧ᵰᏂᓖЏ㽕ᰃ಴Ў㑺ᴳԡ㕂ⱘऩ‫ܗ‬ሎᇌ໻ᇣϡৠ㗠ᓩ䍋ⱘDŽࡴᆚ䖭Ͼԡ㕂ⱘऩ‫ܗ‬㔥Ḑˈ
Ꮒ߿Ӯ䖯ϔℹ๲໻DŽԚᰃ೼䖰⾏䖭Ͼ䲚Ё࡯ऎඳˈᑨ࡯Ꮒ߿ϡ໻DŽ

೒4.31 Ёᖗফय़೚⦃೼ᔎࠊԡ⿏԰⫼ϟⱘオ৥ᑨ࡯ߚᏗ೒

⫼㡖⚍㒧ᵰᰒ⼎ੑҸĀPLNSOL,S,XYāᰒ⼎XYᑇ䴶‫࠾ⱘݙ‬ᑨ࡯SXYˈབ೒4.32᠔⼎DŽ
᳔ ໻ ࠾ ᑨ ࡯ Ў 9.242MPa ˄೒ 4.24 ᰃ 2.653MPa˅ ˈ᳔ ᇣ ࠾ ᑨ ࡯ Ў 9.242MPa ˄೒ 4.24 ᰃ
2.653MPa˅ˈᅗӀথ⫳೼೚⦃‫ݙ‬䚼∈ᑇ䕈ⱘϞϟϸջ䴴䖥ԡ⿏㑺ᴳԡ㕂DŽ

೒4.32 Ёᖗফय़೚⦃೼ᔎࠊԡ⿏԰⫼ϟⱘ࠾ᑨ࡯ߚᏗ೒

136
 ㄀ゴᅲԧ῵ൟᑨ࡯ߚᵤ

⫼㡖⚍㒧ᵰᰒ⼎ੑҸĀPLNSOL,S,1ā ᰒ⼎㄀1Џᑨ࡯S1ˈབ೒4.33᠔⼎DŽ᳔໻ᢝᑨ࡯
Ў13.977MPaˈথ⫳೼೚⦃໪ջⱘԡ⿏㑺ᴳԡ㕂˄೒4.25ᰃ10.613MPaˈথ⫳೼೚⦃‫ݙ‬ջⱘ
Ꮊে䖍㓬˅DŽথ⫳೼೚⦃‫ݙ‬ջⱘᎺে䖍㓬ⱘᑨ࡯໻㑺ᰃ9ࠄ10MPaП䯈ˈ᳔ᇣᢝᑨ࡯Ў0MPaDŽ

೒4.33 Ёᖗফय़೚⦃೼ᔎࠊԡ⿏԰⫼ϟⱘ㄀ϔЏᑨ࡯ߚᏗ೒

⫼㡖⚍㒧ᵰᰒ⼎ੑҸĀPLNSOL,S,3āᰒ⼎㄀3Џᑨ࡯S3ˈབ೒4.34᠔⼎DŽ᳔ᇣय़ᑨ࡯
Ў0MPaˈথ⫳೼೚⦃໪ջⱘϞϟ䖍㓬DŽ᳔໻य़ᑨ࡯Ў50.584MPa˄೒4.26ᰃ15.619MPa˅ˈ
থ⫳೼ᮑࡴԡ⿏㑺ᴳⱘԡ㕂DŽ䖭Ͼ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ੠೒4.26ⳌᏂ3‫ס‬໮ˈᰃ಴Ў೼ԡ⿏㑺ᴳԡ㕂ⱘ
ऩ‫ܗ‬ሎᇌ໻ᇣϡৠ㗠ᓩ䍋ⱘDŽࡴᆚ䖭Ͼԡ㕂ⱘऩ‫ܗ‬㔥ḐˈᏂ߿Ӯ䖯ϔℹ๲໻DŽԚᰃ೼䖰⾏
䖭Ͼ䲚Ё࡯ऎඳˈᑨ࡯ߚᏗᰃ䴲ᐌ᥹䖥ⱘDŽ

೒4.34 Ёᖗফय़೚⦃೼ᔎࠊԡ⿏԰⫼ϟⱘ㄀ϝЏᑨ࡯ߚᏗ೒

137
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

⫼㡖⚍㒧ᵰᰒ⼎ੑҸĀPLNSOL,S,EQVāᰒ⼎Misesᑨ࡯SEQVˈབ೒4.35᠔⼎DŽ᳔໻
Misesᑨ࡯Ў44.554MPa˄೒4.27ᰃ13.625MPa˅ˈথ⫳೼ᮑࡴԡ⿏㑺ᴳⱘԡ㕂DŽ䖭Ͼ䅵ㅫ㒧
ᵰ੠೒4.27гⳌᏂ3‫ס‬໮ˈᰃ಴Ў೼ԡ⿏㑺ᴳԡ㕂ⱘऩ‫ܗ‬ሎᇌ໻ᇣϡৠ㗠ᓩ䍋ⱘDŽࡴᆚ䖭Ͼ
ԡ㕂ⱘऩ‫ܗ‬㔥ḐˈᏂ߿䖬Ӯ๲໻DŽ೼䖰⾏䖭Ͼ䲚Ё࡯ऎඳˈᑨ࡯ߚᏗᰃ䴲ᐌ᥹䖥ⱘDŽ

೒4.35 Ёᖗফय़೚⦃೼ᔎࠊԡ⿏԰⫼ϟⱘMisesᑨ࡯ߚᏗ೒

4ˊ᳈ᇣऩ‫ܗ‬ᯊⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ

䆒㕂᳈ᇣⱘऩ‫ܗ‬ሎᇌEsize=1mmˈᕫࠄབ೒4.36᠔⼎ⱘ䅵ㅫ῵ൟˈᘏ䅵᳝73682Ͼ㡖⚍ˈ
24246Ͼऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ䗮䖛䅵ㅫᕫࠄⱘ㄀ϔЏᑨ࡯S1ⱘߚᏗ೒བ೒4.37᠔⼎ˈҢ೒ЁৃҹⳟߎˈЁ
䚼໻䚼ߚऎඳⱘᑨ࡯ᕜԢˈԚᰃ῵ൟЁⱘ᳔催ᢝᑨ࡯䖒ࠄ60.529MPaDŽ↨೒4.25Ёⱘ᳔໻ᢝ
ᑨ࡯10.613MPa੠೒4.33Ёⱘ᳔໻ᢝᑨ࡯Ў13.977MPa໻䆌໮‫ˈס‬䇈ᯢ䖭Ͼऎඳⱘᑨ࡯Ӯ䱣
ⴔ㔥Ḑⱘࡴᆚˈ䖙䗳छ催ˈϨ≵᳝ᬊᬯ䗍䈵DŽ

೒4.36 㡖⚍੠ऩ‫ܗ‬䴲ᐌᆚ䲚ⱘЁᖗফय़೚⦃᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟ

138
 ㄀ゴᅲԧ῵ൟᑨ࡯ߚᵤ

೒4.37 㡖⚍੠ऩ‫ܗ‬䴲ᐌᆚ䲚ⱘЁᖗফय़೚⦃ⱘ㄀ϔЏᑨ࡯䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ

᠔ҹ೼໘⧚᳝ᑨ࡯䲚Ёⱘ䯂乬ᯊˈ㽕⡍߿⊼ᛣ˖᳝ᯊ㔥ḐࡴᆚӮᇐ㟈ϡᬊᬯⱘ㒧ᵰDŽ
䈵䖭䞠ⱘϔϾ㡖⚍೎ᅮˈ঺ϔϾ㡖⚍ᮑࡴԡ⿏㑺ᴳⱘᚙ‫Ⳍˈމ‬ᔧѢ᳝ϸϾ䲚Ё࡯԰⫼೼ϸ
Ͼ㡖⚍Ϟˈᔧ✊೼䖭ϸϾ㡖⚍䰘䖥ⱘᑨ࡯Ӯ䱣ⴔ㔥Ḑࡴᆚ㗠䍟䖥Ѣ᮴か໻DŽ
䖭㉏䯂乬ᚳϔ᳝ᬜⱘ໘⧚ᮍ⊩ᰃˈᇚऩ㡖⚍㑺ᴳᬍЎϔϾऎඳ‫ⱘݙ‬䆌໮Ͼ㡖⚍ⱘ㑺ᴳˈ
ᇚᮑࡴ೼ϔϾ⚍Ϟⱘ䲚Ё࡯ˈㄝᬜЎ԰⫼೼ϔ↉㒓ˈ៪㗙ϔϾ䴶ϞⱘߚᏗ࡯DŽ䖭ḋৃҹ⍜
䰸ᑨ࡯ⱘ༛ᓖᗻˈᠡ㛑㦋ᕫሔ䚼ᑨ࡯ߚᏗ〇ᅮⱘⳳᅲ㒧ᵰDŽ
ᔧ✊ᑨ࡯༛ᓖᗻϡӮᓩ䍋ԡ⿏ⱘᕜ໻ⱘব࣪ˈ᠔ҹ೼䅵ㅫԡ⿏ᯊˈᑨ࡯༛ᓖᗻᇍ݊ᕅ
ડϡ໻DŽ೒4.38ᰃ䖰⾏ᑨ࡯䲚Ёऎඳⱘᑨ࡯ߚᏗˈ੠೒4.25Ⳍ↨ˈ䖰⾏ᬃᡓԡ㕂ⱘ㄀ϔЏᑨ
࡯ⱘߚᏗ᥹䖥DŽ೒4.39ᰃԡ⿏㑺ᴳԡ㕂䰘䖥ⱘᑨ࡯䲚Ёऎඳⱘᑨ࡯ߚᏗᚙ‫މ‬DŽ

೒4.38 Ёᖗফय़೚⦃ⱘ䖰⾏ᑨ࡯䲚Ёऎⱘ㄀ϔЏᑨ࡯ߚᏗ

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 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

೒4.39 ᬃᡓԡ㕂໘ⱘᑨ࡯䲚Ёᚙ‫މ‬

4.3 ⫼ᅲԧऩ‫ߚܗ‬ᵤব៾䴶ᴚⱘᢝԌ

䭓ᑺL=254mmⱘᮍᔶ៾䴶ⱘ䪱ড়䞥䫹ᔶᴚˈ Ϟッ೎ᅮˈ ϟッ԰⫼᳝䲚Ё࡯F =44.483kNˈ

Ϟ៾䴶ⱘሎᇌd=50.8mm˄೒4.40˅ˈᔍᗻ῵䞣E=70.71GPaˈ⊞ᵒ↨ μ = 0.3 ˈ䆩߽⫼ϝ㓈㒧
ᵘ೎ԧऩ‫ܗ‬SOLID45ˈ⹂ᅮ᳔໻䕈৥ԡ⿏d੠Ё䚼ԡ㕂(Y=L/2)៾䴶Ϟⱘ䕈৥ᑨ࡯s y DŽ
50.8mm
d =50.8mm

d =50.8mm Z
L=254mm

L=254mm

F=44.483kN
L=254mm

೒4.40 䫹ᔶব៾䴶ᴚ䅵ㅫ῵ൟ ೒4.41 䫹ᔶব៾䴶ᴚⱘ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟ

1ˊ⧚䆎㾷

Ң᭛⤂[7]:237ᓣ4ৃⶹˈ䖭Ͼব៾䴶ᴚⱘӏᛣ៾䴶Ϟⱘ䕈࡯ؐ䛑ㄝѢFDŽপ೎ᅮッԡ㕂
Ўതᷛॳ⚍ˈ৥ϟЎY䕈ⱘℷᮍ৥˄೒4.41˅ˈ߭ӏᛣԡ㕂៾䴶ⱘ៾䴶⿃Ў˖
A( y ) = (1 − y /(2L ))2d 2 (4.32)
߭ӏᛣԡ㕂៾䴶Ϟⱘℷᑨ࡯Ў˖
N F
σ ( y) = = (4.33)
A( y ) (1 − y /(2L ))2 d 2

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 ㄀ゴᅲԧ῵ൟᑨ࡯ߚᵤ

ᴚӊЁ䚼៾䴶Y˙L/2ԡ㕂៾䴶Ϟⱘℷᑨ࡯Ў˖
F 16 × 44483
σ ( y = L /2) = = = 30.644 MPa
(1 − L /2/(2 L)) d
2 2
9 × 50.8 2
ᭈϾᴚӊⱘԌ䭓䞣Ў˖
L σ ( y) L F 2FL 2 × 44483 × 254
δ =∫ dy = ∫ dy = = = 0.12384 mm
0 E 0 E(1 − y /(2L )) d
2 2
Ed 2 70710 × 50.8 2

2ˊANSYSߚᵤ

䖭䞠Փ⫼ϝ㓈㒧ᵘ೎ԧऩ‫ܗ‬SOLID45ˈ↣Ͼ㡖⚍᳝3Ͼԡ⿏㞾⬅ᑺˈᭈϾᴚӊ⊓ⴔ䭓ᑺ
ᮍ৥ߦߚЎ໻ᇣ䖲㓁ব࣪ⱘ7Ͼഫԧऩ‫˄ܗ‬བ೒4.40᠔⼎˅DŽ೼ৢ໘⧚῵ഫЁˈৃҹᕜᆍᯧ
ഄᦤপࠄ㞾⬅ッⱘԡ⿏ؐ੠Ё䚼ⱘᑨ࡯ؐDŽϟ䴶㒭ߎ∖㾷䖛⿟ЁⱘЏ㽕ℹ偸䇈ᯢDŽ
(1) ಁᄢٝё༪ົēՇ࿌‫ד‬๥फ໸cӦ၍फ໸ۤϫॸϵ೴d
⬅Ѣ㔥Ḑߦߚϡ䳔㽕ᱎ㛑㔥Ḑࡳ㛑ˈ᠔ҹ佪‫⫼ܜ‬Āsmrt,offā݇䯁ᱎ㛑࣪㔥Ḑࡳ㛑DŽ⫼
ߚᵤ㉏ൟᅮНੑҸĀANTYPE,STATICāᅮНߚᵤ㉏ൟЎ䴭࡯ߚᵤˈ⫼ऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟᅮНੑҸ
ĀET,1,SOLID45āᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬Ўϝ㓈㒧ᵘ೎ԧऩ‫ܗ‬SOLID45DŽ
⫼ ᴤ ᭭ খ ᭄ ᅮ Н ੑ Ҹ Ā MP,EX,1,70.71E3 ā ᅮ Н ㄀ 1 ㉏ ᴤ ᭭ ⱘ ᔍ ᗻ ῵ 䞣
2
EX=70.71GPa=70710 N/mm ˈ⫼ĀMP,NUXY,1,0.3āᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨NUXY=0.3DŽ
(2) Շ࿌‫څ‬Շժ4ّԤۤᆑဎժ4ّԤē‫ڶ‬უ8ّԤՇ࿌඘ēߜୣ‫דܣ‬น඘Ӧ၍d
⫼݇䬂⚍ᅮНੑҸĀK,1,25.4,,25.4ā೼തᷛ˄25.4mmˈ0ˈ25.4mm˅໘ᅮН㄀1Ͼ݇䬂
⚍ˈ⫼ĀK,2,25.4,,25.4ā೼തᷛ˄25.4mmˈ0ˈ25.4mm˅໘ᅮН㄀2Ͼ݇䬂⚍DŽ䱣ৢߚ
߿೼തᷛ˄25.4mmˈ0ˈ25.4mm˅໘ᅮН㄀3Ͼ݇䬂⚍ˈ೼തᷛ˄25.4mmˈ0ˈ25.4mm˅
໘ᅮН㄀4Ͼ݇䬂⚍ˈ೼തᷛ˄12.7mmˈ254mmˈ12.7mm˅໘ᅮН㄀5Ͼ݇䬂⚍ˈ೼തᷛ
˄12.7mmˈ254mmˈ12.7mm˅໘ᅮН㄀6Ͼ݇䬂⚍ˈ೼തᷛ˄12.7mmˈ254mmˈ12.7mm˅
໘ᅮН㄀7Ͼ݇䬂⚍ˈ೼തᷛ˄12.7mmˈ254mmˈ12.7mm˅໘ᅮН㄀8Ͼ݇䬂⚍DŽ⫼ԧᅮ
НੑҸĀV,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8ā䖛ࠡ䴶ᅮНⱘ8Ͼ݇䬂⚍ᅮНԧˈᕫࠄབ೒4.42᠔⼎ⱘᅲԧ῵ൟDŽ

೒4.42 ߽⫼㞾ᑩ৥Ϟⱘᓎ῵ᮍ⊩⫳៤ⱘ䫹ᔶব៾䴶ᴚⱘᅲԧ῵ൟ

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 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

⫼㒓䗝ᢽੑҸĀLSEL,S,LINE,,5,11,2āҢ5ো㒓ࠄ11ো㒓ˈ๲䞣2䗝ᢽ5ˈ7ˈ9੠11ো㒓ˈ
⫼㒓ऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬ሎᇌᅮНੑҸĀLESIZE,ALL,,,7āᣛᅮࠡ䴶䗝Ёⱘ㒓೼ߦߚऩ‫ܗ‬ᰃߦߚЎ7↉DŽ
⫼㒓䗝ᢽੑҸĀLSEL,ALLā䗝ᢽ᠔᳝ⱘ㒓DŽ⫼ऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬ᯊⱘሎᇌᅮНੑҸĀESIZE,,1āᣛ
ᅮऩ‫↉ߚߦܗ‬᭄Ў 1DŽ⫼䕧ߎҢᅮ৥ੑҸĀ/OUT,SCRATCHāᇚሣᐩ䕧ߎ㒧ᵰ䞡ᅮ৥ࠄ
SCRATCH᭛ӊˈҹ䙓‫ܡ‬ሣᐩ䕧ߎDŽ⫼ԧऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬ੑҸĀVMESH,1āᇚ1োԧߦߚЎԧऩ‫ˈܗ‬
ᕫࠄབ೒4.43᠔⼎ⱘऩ‫ܗ‬῵ൟDŽ⫼Ā/OUTā㒧ᴳ᭄᥂䞡ᅮ৥ˈ݇䯁䕧ߎ᭛ӊDŽ

೒4.43 ߽⫼ऩ‫⫳ߚߦܗ‬៤ⱘ䫹ᔶব៾䴶ᴚⱘ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟ

(3) ಠަสྭၟ೯ۤ۠ၻd
⫼䕧ߎ‫ݙ‬ᆍ䆒㕂ੑҸĀOUTPR,BASIC,ALLā䆒㕂䕧ߎ᠔᳝㥋䕑ℹⱘ෎ᴀֵᙃDŽ⫼㡖
⚍䗝ᢽੑҸĀNSEL,S,LOC,Y,0ā䗝ᢽY=0ԡ㕂ⱘ᠔᳝㡖⚍ˈे೎ᅮッԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍DŽ⫼ԡ⿏
㑺ᴳੑҸĀD,ALL,ALLāԡ⿏㑺ᴳ䗝ᢽ䲚Ёⱘ᠔᳝㡖⚍ⱘ᠔᳝㞾⬅ᑺDŽ⫼ĀNSEL,ALLā
䗝ᢽ᠔᳝㡖⚍DŽ⫼㡖⚍䗝ᢽੑҸĀNSEL,S,LOC,Y,254ā䗝ᢽY=254mmԡ㕂ⱘ᠔᳝㡖⚍ˈे
㞾⬅ッ㡖⚍DŽ⫼㸼䴶࡯ᅮНੑҸĀSF,,PRES,68.949MPaā㒭㞾⬅ッԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍ᣛᅮ㸼䴶
㥋䕑䲚ᑺ44483Nˋ25.4^2=68.949MPaˈᕫࠄབ೒4.44᠔⼎ᮑࡴ㥋䕑੠ԡ⿏㑺ᴳПৢⱘ᳝䰤
‫ܗ‬῵ൟDŽ

೒4.44 ᮑࡴ೎ᅮッԡ⿏㑺ᴳ੠㞾⬅ッ㸼䴶㥋䕑Пৢⱘ䫹ᔶব៾䴶ᴚ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟ

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 ㄀ゴᅲԧ῵ൟᑨ࡯ߚᵤ

(4) ၽௐࠓ੦ࣖēࢗಳࡁॏ‫ד‬๥ԅௐࠓd
(5) ၽ‫҉܊‬स੦ࣖᄯēມವYֺ຿࿫ॏၩ෍d
⫼Ā/POST1ā䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫDŽ⫼ऩ‫ܗ‬㸼ᅮНੑҸĀETABLE,SIGY,S,YāҹYᮍ
৥ⱘℷᑨ࡯Ў‫ݙ‬ᆍˈᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬㸼SIGYDŽ⫼㾚೒ᅮНੑҸĀ/VIEW,1,1āᬍবにষ1ⱘ㾚⚍Ў
(1,0,0)ˈ⊓ⴔX䕈ⱘ䋳ᮍ৥DŽ⫼Ā/VUP,1,Yā䆒㕂തᷛ㋏ⱘY䕈৥ϞDŽ⫼㡖⚍䗝ᢽੑҸ
ĀNSLE,Sā䗝ᢽ੠ऩ‫Ⳍܗ‬䖲᥹ⱘ㡖⚍DŽ⫼㒬ࠊ㡖⚍㒧ᵰⱘੑҸĀPLNSOL,S,Yāᰒ⼎Yᮍ৥
ⱘℷᑨ࡯ˈे䕈৥ᑨ࡯ˈབ೒4.45᠔⼎DŽ೒Ёᰒ⼎᳔໻オ৥ᑨ࡯59.973MPaߎ⦄೼㞾⬅ッˈ
᳔ᇣオ৥ᑨ࡯18.529MPaߎ⦄೼೎ᅮッDŽ

೒4.45 ߽⫼㞾ᑩ৥Ϟⱘᓎ῵ᮍ⊩⫳៤ⱘ䫹ᔶব៾䴶ᴚⱘ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟ

⫼ऩ‫ܗ‬䗝ᢽੑҸĀESEL,S,ELEM,,4ā䗝ᢽЁ䯈ⱘ㄀4োऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ⫼߫㸼ᰒ⼎ऩ‫ܗ‬㸼‫ݙ‬ᆍ
ੑҸĀPRETAB,SIGYāᰒ⼎ऩ‫ܗ‬㸼SIGYЁⱘ㄀4োऩ‫ⱘܗ‬ऩ‫ܗ‬ᑨ࡯䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ30.621MPa˄བ
೒4.46᠔⼎˅DŽ

೒4.46 Ңऩ‫ܗ‬㸼Ёᦤপ4োऩ‫ⱘܗ‬オ৥ᑨ࡯䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ

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⫼߫㸼ᰒ⼎㡖⚍㒧ᵰⱘੑҸĀPRNSOL,S,COMPāᰒ⼎Ϣ4োऩ‫Ⳍܗ‬䖲᥹ⱘ᠔᳝㡖⚍ⱘ
ᑨ࡯䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ˄བ೒4.47᠔⼎˅DŽৃҹⳟࠄオ৥ᑨ࡯ؐ䛑ㄝѢ30.621Mpaˈ݊ԭϸ乍ℷᑨ࡯
ؐϡㄝѢ0DŽ

೒4.47 Ϣ4োऩ‫Ⳍܗ‬䖲᥹ⱘ᠔᳝㡖⚍ⱘᑨ࡯䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ

⫼㡖⚍䗝ᢽੑҸĀNSEL,S,LOC,Y,254ā䗝ᢽԡѢY=254mmⱘ㡖⚍˄㞾⬅ッ˅ˈ⫼߫
㸼ᰒ⼎㡖⚍㒧ᵰⱘੑҸĀPRNSOL,DOFāᰒ⼎㞾⬅ッ㡖⚍ⱘԡ⿏䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ˄བ೒4.48᠔⼎˅DŽ
ৃҹⳟࠄ㞾⬅ッⱘ4Ͼ㡖⚍ⱘオ৥ԡ⿏䛑ㄝѢ0.12253mmˈ݊ԭϸϾᮍ৥ⱘ㒓ԡ⿏ᕜᇣDŽ

೒4.48 ⫼߫㸼ᰒ⼎㡖⚍㒧ᵰੑҸᰒ⼎㞾⬅ッ㡖⚍ⱘԡ⿏䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ

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(6) ༪႔ᄗՇสᄢԅࠋԤۤӦ၍ēωඔ௜൑ਬԅสྭۤ࿫ॏd
⫼݇䯁ᦤ⼎˄NO PRompt˅ੑҸĀ/NOPRā݇䯁䕧ܹড作ᦤ⼎ֵᙃDŽ
⫼ĀMID_NODE = NODE(0,128,0)ā䗝ᢽ䎱⾏˄0,128mm,0˅᳔䖥ⱘ㡖⚍ˈੑৡЎ
MID_NODEDŽ⫼ĀMID_ELM = ENEARN(MID_NODE)ā䗝ᢽ䎱⾏MID_NODE㡖⚍᳔䖥ⱘ
ऩ‫ˈܗ‬ੑৡЎMID_ELMDŽ⫼ĀBOT_NODE = NODE (0,254,0)ā䗝ᢽ䎱⾏˄0,254mm,0˅᳔
䖥ⱘ㡖⚍ˈੑৡЎBOT_NODEDŽ
⫼䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰᦤপੑҸĀ*GET,DEF,NODE,BOT_NODE, U,YāᦤপBOT_NODE㡖⚍ⱘԡ
⿏UYˈᄬܹব䞣DEFˈ⫼Ā*GET,STRSS,ELEM,MID_ELM,ETAB,SIGYā೼ऩ‫ܗ‬㸼SIGY
ЁᦤপMID_ELMऩ‫ⱘܗ‬ᑨ࡯ˈᄬܹব䞣STRSSDŽ⫼㦰ऩĀUtility Menu -> Parameters -> Scalar
Parametersāৃҹᠧᓔব䞣ᰒ⼎にষ˄བ೒4.49᠔⼎˅ˈⳟࠄֱᄬ೼ব䞣Ёⱘ䖭ѯ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰDŽ

೒4.49 ֱᄬ೼ব䞣Ёⱘ᳔໻ԡ⿏੠Ё䚼ᑨ࡯䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ

(7) Շ࿌೴ᆦέ२ēߜ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ڴ‬ඹ‫ڶ‬೴ᆦέ२೛ѻӾำߑd

3ˊAnsys⿟ᑣ

FINISH ! 䗔ߎҹࠡ῵ഫ
/CLEAR, NOSTART ! ⏙䰸᭄᥂ˈϡࡴ䕑߱ྟ࣪᭛ӊ
! (1)䆒㕂Ꮉ⿟䗝乍,ᅮНߚᵤ㉏ൟǃऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟ੠ᴤ᭭খ᭄
/FileName,EX4.3 ! ᅮНᎹ⿟᭛ӊৡ⿄
/PREP7 ! ࡴ䕑ࠡ໘⧚῵ഫ
smrt,off ! ݇䯁ᱎ㛑࣪ࡳ㛑
/TITLE, EX4.3, ELONGATION OF A SOLID BAR WITH VARIED SECTION
/COM INTROD. TO STRESS ANALYSIS, HARRIS, 1ST ED., PAGE 237, PROB. 4
ANTYPE,STATIC ! ᅮНߚᵤ㉏ൟЎ䴭࡯ߚᵤ
ET,1,SOLID45 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬Ўϝ㓈㒧ᵘ೎ԧऩ‫ܗ‬SOLID45
MP,EX,1,70.71E3 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EX=70.71 GPa
MP,NUXY,1,0.3 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨NUXY=0.3
! (2)ᅮН೎ᅮッ4Ͼ⚍੠㞾⬅ッ4Ͼ⚍ˈ䖛䖭8Ͼ⚍ᅮНԧˈᇍԧߦߚऩ‫ܗ‬
/VIEW,1,1,1,1 ! ᬍব㾚⚍Ў(1,1,1),⊓ⴔㄝ䕈⌟ᮍ৥

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K,1,25.4,,25.4 ! ೼തᷛ˄25.4mmˈ0ˈ25.4mm˅໘ᅮН㄀1Ͼ݇䬂⚍
K,2,-25.4,,25.4 ! ೼തᷛ˄-25.4mmˈ0ˈ25.4mm˅໘ᅮН㄀2Ͼ݇䬂⚍
K,3,-25.4,,-25.4 ! ೼തᷛ˄-25.4mmˈ0ˈ-25.4mm˅໘ᅮН㄀3Ͼ݇䬂⚍
K,4,25.4,,-25.4 ! ೼തᷛ˄25.4mmˈ0ˈ-25.4mm˅໘ᅮН㄀4Ͼ݇䬂⚍
K,5,12.7,254,12.7 ! ೼തᷛ˄12.7mmˈ254mmˈ12.7mm˅໘ᅮН㄀5Ͼ݇䬂⚍
K,6,-12.7,254,12.7 ! ೼തᷛ˄-12.7mmˈ254mmˈ12.7mm˅໘ᅮН㄀6Ͼ݇䬂⚍
K,7,-12.7,254,-12.7 ! ೼തᷛ˄-12.7mmˈ254mmˈ-12.7mm˅໘ᅮН㄀7Ͼ݇䬂⚍
K,8,12.7,254,-12.7 ! ೼തᷛ˄12.7mmˈ254mmˈ-12.7mm˅໘ᅮН㄀8Ͼ݇䬂⚍
V,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8 ! 䖛ࠡ䴶ᅮНⱘ8Ͼ݇䬂⚍ᅮНԧ
LSEL,S,LINE,,5,11,2 ! Ң5ো㒓ࠄ11ো㒓ˈ๲䞣2䗝ᢽ5ˈ7ˈ9੠11ো㒓
LESIZE,ALL,,,7 ! ᣛᅮࠡ䴶䗝Ёⱘ㒓೼ߦߚऩ‫ܗ‬ᰃߦߚЎ7↉
LSEL,ALL ! 䗝ᢽ᠔᳝ⱘ㒓
ESIZE,,1 ! ऩ‫↉ߚߦܗ‬᭄Ў1
/OUT,SCRATCH ! ᇚ䕧ߎ㒧ᵰ䞡ᅮ৥ࠄSCRATCH᭛ӊˈҹ䙓‫ܡ‬ሣᐩ䕧ߎ
VMESH,1 ! ᇚ1োԧߦߚЎԧऩ‫ܗ‬
/OUT ! 㒧ᴳ᭄᥂䞡ᅮ৥ˈ݇䯁䕧ߎ᭛ӊ
! (3)ᮑࡴԡ⿏㑺ᴳ੠㥋䕑
OUTPR,BASIC,ALL ! 䆒㕂䕧ߎ᠔᳝㥋䕑ℹⱘ෎ᴀֵᙃ
NSEL,S,LOC,Y,0 ! 䗝ᢽY=0ԡ㕂ⱘ᠔᳝㡖⚍ˈे೎ᅮッԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍
D,ALL,ALL ! ԡ⿏㑺ᴳ䗝ᢽ䲚Ёⱘ᠔᳝㡖⚍ⱘ᠔᳝㞾⬅ᑺ
NSEL,ALL ! 䗝ᢽ᠔᳝㡖⚍
NSEL,S,LOC,Y,254 ! 䗝ᢽY=254mmԡ㕂ⱘ᠔᳝㡖⚍ˈे㞾⬅ッ㡖⚍
SF,,PRES,-68.949 ! 㒭㡖⚍ᣛᅮ㸼䴶㥋䕑44483N/25.4mm2=68.949MPa
NSEL,ALL ! 䗝ᢽ᠔᳝㡖⚍
FINISH ! 䗔ߎࠡ໘⧚῵ഫPREP7
! (4)೼∖㾷῵ഫˈᓔྟ䴭࡯ߚᵤⱘ∖㾷
/SOLU ! ࡴ䕑∖㾷῵ഫ
SOLVE ! ᓔྟ∖㾷
FINISH ! 䗔ߎ∖㾷῵ഫSOLUTION
! (5)೼ৢ໘⧚῵ഫЁˈᰒ⼎Yᮍ৥ᑨ࡯ѥ೒
/POST1 ! 䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
ETABLE,SIGY,S,Y ! ҹYᮍ৥ⱘℷᑨ࡯Ў‫ݙ‬ᆍˈᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬㸼SIGY
/VIEW,1,1 ! ᬍব㾚⚍Ў(1,0,0),⊓ⴔX䕈ⱘ䋳ᮍ৥
/VUP,1,-Y ! 䆒㕂-Y䕈৥Ϟ
NSLE,S ! 䗝ᢽ੠ऩ‫Ⳍܗ‬䖲᥹ⱘ㡖⚍
PLNSOL,S,Y ! ᰒ⼎䕈৥ᑨ࡯
ESEL,S,ELEM,,4 ! 䗝ᢽЁ䯈ⱘ㄀4োऩ‫ܗ‬
PRETAB,SIGY ! ᰒ⼎ऩ‫ܗ‬㸼Ёⱘऩ‫ܗ‬ᑨ࡯䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
PRNSOL,S,COMP ! ᰒ⼎㡖⚍ᑨ࡯䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
ESEL,ALL ! 䗝ᢽ᠔᳝ऩ‫ܗ‬
NSEL,S,LOC,Y,254 ! 䗝ᢽԡѢY˙254mmⱘ㡖⚍˄㞾⬅ッ˅
PRNSOL,DOF ! ᰒ⼎㡖⚍ԡ⿏䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
NSEL,ALL ! 䗝ᢽ᠔᳝㡖⚍
! (6)䗝ᢽᣛᅮԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍੠ऩ‫ˈܗ‬ᑊᦤপᅗӀⱘԡ⿏੠ᑨ࡯

146
 ㄀ゴᅲԧ῵ൟᑨ࡯ߚᵤ

/NOPR ! ݇䯁䕧ܹড作ᦤ⼎ֵᙃ
MID_NODE = NODE(0,128,0) ! 䗝ᢽ䎱⾏˄0,128mm,0˅᳔䖥ⱘ㡖⚍ˈੑৡЎMID_NODE
MID_ELM = ENEARN(MID_NODE) ! 䗝ᢽ䎱⾏MID_NODE㡖⚍᳔䖥ⱘऩ‫ˈܗ‬ੑৡЎMID_ELM
BOT_NODE = NODE (0,254,0) ! 䗝ᢽ䎱⾏˄0,254mm,0˅᳔䖥ⱘ㡖⚍ˈੑৡЎBOT_NODE
*GET,DEF,NODE,BOT_NODE,U,Y !ᦤপBOT_NODE㡖⚍ⱘԡ⿏UYˈᄬܹব䞣DEF
*GET,STRSS,ELEM,MID_ELM,ETAB,SIGY ! ೼ऩ‫ܗ‬㸼SIGYЁᦤপMID_ELMऩ‫ⱘܗ‬ᑨ࡯ˈᄬܹব
䞣STRSS
! (7)ᅮН᭄㒘ব䞣ˈᇚ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ䗮䖛᭄㒘ব䞣䕧ߎࠄ᭛ӊ
*DIM,LABEL,CHAR,2,2 ! ᅮН2ˆ2ᄫヺൟ᭄㒘LABEL
*DIM,VALUE_C1,,2,3 ! ᅮН2ˆ3᭄ؐൟ᭄㒘VALUE_C1
LABEL(1,1) = 'MAX DEF ','SIGY MID' ! 㒭LABELⱘ㄀1߫䌟ؐ
LABEL(1,2) = '(mm) ','_ELM MPa' ! 㒭LABELⱘ㄀2߫䌟ؐ
*VFILL,VALUE_C1(1,1),DATA,0.12384,30.644 ! 㒭VALUE_C1ⱘ㄀1߫䌟⧚䆎ؐ
*VFILL,VALUE_C1(1,2),DATA,DEF,STRSS ! 㒭VALUE_C1ⱘ㄀2߫䌟䅵ㅫؐ
*VFILL,VALUE_C1(1,3),DATA,ABS(DEF/0.12384) ,ABS(STRSS/30.644) !䌟↨ؐ
/GOPR ! ᠧᓔড作ᦤ⼎
FINISH ! 䗔ߎৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
/COM
/OUT, EX4_3, out ! ᇚ䕧ߎ‫ݙ‬ᆍ䞡ᅮ৥ࠄ᭛ӊEX4_3.out
/COM,------------------- EX4.3 RESULTS COMPARISON ---------------
/COM,
/COM, | TARGET | ANSYS | RATIO
/COM,
/COM,RESULTS FOR SOLID45:
/COM,
*VWRITE,LABEL(1,1),LABEL(1,2),VALUE_C1(1,1),VALUE_C1(1,2),VALUE_C1(1,3)
(1X,A8,A8,' ',F12.5,' ',F12.5,' ',1F5.3)
/NOPR
/COM,-----------------------------------------------------------
/OUT ! 㒧ᴳ᭄᥂䞡ᅮ৥ˈ݇䯁䕧ߎ᭛ӊ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
*LIST, EX4_3, out ! ߫㸼ᰒ⼎᭛ӊEX4_3.outⱘ‫ݙ‬ᆍ
/DELETE,SCRATCH ! ߴ䰸Ё䯈㤝〓᭛ӊSCRATCH
FINISH ! 䗔ߎৢ໘⧚῵ഫ

4ˊ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ䅼䆎

䗮䖛Ϟ䴶⿟ᑣⱘ䅵ㅫˈᕫࠄབ㸼4.1᠔⼎ⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ੠⧚䆎㒧ᵰⱘ↨䕗ˈϸ㗙ᏂᓖᵕᇣDŽ
䇈ᯢ߽⫼ᅲԧऩ‫⫼ˈܗ‬ᵕᇥⱘऩ‫ܗ‬ህৃҹᦣ䗄ব៾䴶ᴚӊⱘᢝय़䯂乬䅵ㅫDŽ

㸼4.1 ⫼ᅲԧऩ‫ߚܗ‬ᵤব៾䴶ᴚⱘᢝԌⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ੠⧚䆎㒧ᵰⱘᇍ↨
ԡ⿏੠ᑨ࡯ ⧚ 䆎 ؐ Ansysؐ ↨ ؐ
᳔໻ԡ⿏˄mm˅ 0.12384 0.12253 0.989
Ё䚼オ৥ᢝᑨ࡯˄MPa˅ 30.644 30.621 0.999

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 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

བᵰ㗗㰥㞾䞡ˈ㾷ㄨӮথ⫳ҔМব࣪˛ᓎ䆂䇏㗙߽⫼Ϟ䴶⿟ᑣᅠ៤䖭ϔℹⱘ䅵ㅫDŽ

4.4 ⫼Ѡ㓈ᅲԧऩ‫ߚܗ‬ᵤㄝ៾䴶 㞖ṕⱘᑇ䴶ᔃ᳆

䭓ᑺl=254mmˈ催ᑺh=50.8mmˈ८ᑺb=25.4ⱘ 㞖ṕˈ೼ッ䚼԰⫼᳝ϡৠⱘ㥋䕑ˈᔍ
ᗻ῵䞣E=207GPaˈ⊞ᵒ↨° ˈ䲚Ё࡯ⱘ໻ᇣP=1334.5Nˈ䲚Ё࡯‫ⶽي࡯ⱘي‬M=226Ngmˈ
䆩߽⫼Ѡ㓈ㄝখऩ‫ܗ‬PLANE42ˈ⹂ᅮ೼ϟ䴶ϡৠⱘ㥋䕑ᴵӊϟ㞾⬅ッⱘ᳔໻ᣴᑺ੠䎱⾏೎
ᅮッa=25.4mm໘ⱘ᳔໻ᔃ᳆ᑨ࡯DŽ
(1) া᳝䲚Ё࡯‫ي‬M԰⫼DŽ
(2) া᳝䲚Ё࡯P԰⫼DŽ

h =50.8mm
P=1334.5N
M=226Ngm
l =254mm l =254mm

೒4.50 ㄝ៾䴶 㞖ṕ೼ッ䚼࡯‫ي‬੠࡯԰⫼ϟⱘᑇ䴶ᔃ᳆

1ˊ⧚䆎㾷

೼㞾⬅ッⱘ䲚Ё࡯‫ ي‬M 0 ԰⫼ϟˈṕⱘ᠔᳝៾䴶Ϟⱘᔃⶽ䛑ㄝѢᐌ᭄DŽᭈϾṕⱘᣴᑺ

[6]˖106
ߑ᭄੠᳔໻ᣴᑺЎ˖
M 2 2 M l2
y(x)= 0 (l 2lx+x )ˈymax=y(0)= 0 (4.34)
2 EI 2EI
݊Ёˈ x ҹ㞾⬅ッЎതᷛॳ⚍ⱘDŽ
೼㞾⬅ッⱘ䲚Ё࡯ P ԰⫼ϟˈṕ៾䴶Ϟⱘᔃⶽᰃԡ㕂ⱘ㒓ᗻߑ᭄DŽᭈϾṕⱘᣴᑺߑ᭄ˈ
[6]˖106
᳔໻ᣴᑺ੠䕀㾦Ў˖
P Pl 2 Pl 2
y(x)= (2l3 3l2 x+x3 )ˈymax=y(0)= ˈ (4.35)
6EI 3EI 2 EI
݊Ёˈ x ҹ㞾⬅ッЎതᷛॳ⚍ⱘDŽ
ҷ᭄ܹؐˈ∖ߎṕⱘᔃ᳆߮ᑺ˖
Ebh 3 207 ×109 × 0.0254 × 0.05083
EI = = = 57440 Ngm
12 12
(1) ‫ނ‬ᄯॏ૝ M ᆴဈຏԅժϦᆫӖખէd
Ml 2 226 × .2542
ymax = = = 0.127 mm (4.36)
2 EI 2 × 57440
೼䎱⾏೎ᅮッa =25.4mm໘ⱘᔃⶽؐЎM =226Ngmˈ᳔߭໻ᔃ᳆ᑨ࡯ؐЎ˖
M 6M 6 × 226
σ max = = 2 = = 20.687MPa (4.37)
Wz bh 0.0254 × 0.0508 2
(2) ‫ނ‬ᄯॏF ᆴဈຏԅժϦᆫӖખէd

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 ㄀ゴᅲԧ῵ൟᑨ࡯ߚᵤ

Pl 3 1334.5 × 0.2543
ymax = = = 0.127 mm (4.38)
3 EI 3 × 57440
䎱⾏೎ᅮッ a = 25.4 mm ໘៾䴶ϞⱘᔃⶽؐЎ˖
M = F (l − a ) = 1334.5 × (0.254 − 0.0254) = 305.1Ngm
᳔߭໻ᔃ᳆ᑨ࡯ؐЎ˖
M 6M 6 × 305.1
σ max = = 2 = = 27.93 MPa (4.39)
Wz bh 0.0254 × 0.05082

2ˊANSYSߚᵤ

Ѡ㓈ㄝখऩ‫ܗ‬PLANE42ˈ↣Ͼऩ‫ܗ‬᳝4Ͼ㡖⚍ˈ↣Ͼ㡖⚍᳝2Ͼ㒓ԡ⿏㞾⬅ᑺDŽᣝ✻೒
4.51᠔⼎ⱘ㡖⚍੠ऩ‫ܗ‬Ꮧ㕂ˈ߽⫼Plane42ऩ‫ⱘܗ‬ᏺ८ᑺ䗝乍ˈᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬८ᑺh=25.4DŽ佪‫ܜ‬
ᅮН1ো㡖⚍੠6ো㡖⚍ˈЁ䯈㡖⚍ৃҹ⫼฿‫ܙ‬ੑҸ⫳៤DŽ✊ৢՓ⫼㡖⚍ᑇ⿏໡ࠊੑҸᇚ1
োࠄ6ো㡖⚍ⱘYതᷛᑇ⿏50.8mm⫳៤11োࠄ16ো㡖⚍DŽḍ᥂䖭5Ͼऩ‫ⱘܗ‬㓪ো㾘߭ˈᕾ⦃
ᅮН᠔᳝ऩ‫ܗ‬䖲᥹DŽ
y

८ᑺ b =25.4mm

h =50.8mm

l =254mm

೒4.51 ⫼㡖⚍੠ऩ‫᥹Ⳉⱘܗ‬ᓎ῵ᮍ⊩ᅮНᅲԧऩ‫ ⱘܗ‬㞖ṕ

೼㄀1ℹᔶ៤ⱘᘏԧ߮ᑺⶽ䰉ˈֱ⬭㒭㄀2ℹ㒻㓁Փ⫼˄ANSYS㞾ࡼᅠ៤˅DŽ㞾⬅ッⱘ
࡯‫⫼ي‬ϸϾⳌ䎱hˈ໻ᇣⳌㄝˈᮍ৥Ⳍডⱘϔᇍ䲚Ё࡯ᴹ῵ᢳDŽ᳔໻ᔃ᳆ᑨ࡯ᰃ䗮䖛ऩ‫ܗ‬1
ⱘ㸼䴶ᑨ࡯ᴹ㦋ᕫⱘDŽϟ䴶㒭ߎ∖㾷䖛⿟੠䇈ᯢDŽ
(1) ಁᄢٝё༪ົēӦ၍फ໸ۤϫॸϵ೴d
⫼ߚᵤ㉏ൟᅮНੑҸĀANTYPE,STATICāᅮНߚᵤ㉏ൟЎ䴭࡯ߚᵤDŽ⫼ऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟᅮ
НੑҸĀET,1,PLANE42,,,3,,,2āᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬Ўᏺ८ᑺ˄⫼খ᭄Ā3āᴹ㸼⼎˅Ѡ㓈㒧ᵘ
೎ԧऩ‫ܗ‬PLANE42ⱘᑇ䴶ᑨ࡯ऩ‫ˈܗ‬ᏺ1,3ো䴶䕧ߎ˄⫼খ᭄2ᴹ㸼⼎˅DŽPlane42ऩ‫ৃܗ‬ҹ
῵ᢳᑇ䴶ᑨ࡯ˈᑇ䴶ᑨব੠䕈ᇍ⿄䯂乬ㄝᚙ‫ˈމ‬䛑ᰃ⫼㄀3Ͼখ᭄ᴹऎߚⱘDŽ
⫼ᴤ᭭খ᭄ᅮНੑҸĀMP,EX,1,207E3āᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EX = 207GPa =207
2
N/mm ˈ⫼ĀMP,NUXY,1,0.0āᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨NUXY = 0.0DŽ⫼ᅲᐌ᭄ᅮНੑҸ
ĀR,1,25.4āᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬८ᑺЎ25.4mmDŽ
(2) Շ࿌ࠋԤd
⫼㡖⚍ᅮНੑҸĀN,1ā೼തᷛॳ⚍(0,0,0)ᅮН㄀1ো㡖⚍DŽ䖭䞠ⳕ⬹њ᠔᳝ⱘখ᭄Ā0āˈ
⫼ĀN,6,254ā೼(254mm,0,0)ᅮН6ো㡖⚍DŽ⫼㡖⚍฿‫ܙ‬ᅮНੑҸĀFILLā೼1ো㡖⚍੠6ো
㡖⚍П䯈฿‫⫳ܙ‬៤2ো㡖⚍ࠄ5ো㡖⚍DŽ

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 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

⫼㡖⚍⫳៤ੑҸĀNGEN,2,10,1,6,1,,50.8āᕾ⦃2⃵ˈ㡖⚍ো๲䞣10ˈᣝ1ো㡖⚍ࠄ6ো
㡖⚍๲䞣Ў1ⱘ㣗ೈˈ↣Ͼ㡖⚍ⱘYതᷛ๲䞣Ў50.8mmˈ⫳៤㡖⚍11ࠄ16DŽੑҸĀNGENā
ⱘḐᓣᰃĀNGEN, ITIME, INC, NODE1, NODE2, NINC, DX, DY, DZ, SPACEāˈ㸼⼎ᕾ⦃
ITIME⃵ˈ↣⃵ⱘ㡖⚍ো๲䞣ЎINCˈᣝ✻Ң㡖⚍NODE1ࠄ㡖⚍NODE2ˈ๲䞣ᓣNINCⱘ㡖
⚍㣗ೈˈ↣Ͼ㡖⚍೼ᕾ⦃⫳៤ᯊˈതᷛ๲䞣ߚ߿ᰃDX,DY੠DZˈ⫳៤䯈䎱↨՟ᰃSPACEDŽ
⫼ऩ‫ܗ‬ᅮНੑҸĀE,1,2,12,11ā䖛㡖⚍1,2,12੠11ᅮН㄀ϔϾऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ⫼ऩ‫⫳ܗ‬៤ੑҸ
ĀEGEN,5,1,1āᕾ⦃5⃵ˈ↣⃵ऩ‫ܗ‬ϸッⱘ㡖⚍ো๲ࡴ1ˈ⫳៤݊ԭⱘ4Ͼऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ㒣䖛ࠡϸℹˈ
ᕫࠄབ೒4.52᠔⼎ⱘ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟDŽ

೒4.52 ⫼㡖⚍੠ऩ‫᥹Ⳉⱘܗ‬ᓎ῵ᮍ⊩ᅮНⱘ 㞖ṕ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟ

(3) ಠަԛ1ᄵெࣣԅΨ࠘ඨߑ:ժϦॏ૝ᆴဈெࣣd
⫼ԡ⿏㑺ᴳੑҸĀD,1,ALL,,,11,10āԡ⿏㑺ᴳ1ো㡖⚍ⱘ᠔᳝ԡ⿏㞾⬅ᑺˈᣝ๲䞣10ᕾ
⦃ࠄ11DŽ⫼㥋䕑࡯ᅮНੑҸĀF,6,FX,4448.3ā೼6ো㡖⚍ⱘXᮍ৥ᮑࡴ4448.3Nⱘ䲚Ё࡯ˈ⫼
ĀF,16,FX, 4448.3ā೼16ো㡖⚍ⱘXᮍ৥ᮑࡴ4448.3Nⱘ䲚Ё࡯ˈ੠6ো㡖⚍ⱘ࡯㒘៤࡯‫ˈي‬
࡯‫ⶽي‬ㄝѢ226NgmDŽℸᯊⱘ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟব៤བ೒4.53᠔⼎ⱘḋᄤDŽ

೒4.53 ᮑࡴԡ⿏㑺ᴳ੠㞾⬅ッ䲚Ё࡯‫ ⱘৢي‬㞖ṕ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟ

150
 ㄀ゴᅲԧ῵ൟᑨ࡯ߚᵤ

⫼ 䕧 ߎ ᅮ Н ੑ Ҹ Ā OUTPR,NSOL,1ā 䆒 㕂 䕧 ߎ ㄀ 1 㥋 䕑 ℹ ⱘ 㡖 ⚍ 䅵 ㅫ 㒧 ᵰ ˈ ⫼
ĀOUTPR,ESOL,1ā䆒㕂䕧ߎ㄀1㥋䕑ℹⱘऩ‫ܗ‬䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰDŽ
(4) ࠩదௐࠓ੦ࣖௐࠓd
(5) ၽ‫҉܊‬स੦ࣖ,ඔ௜ࠋԤสྭ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ڴ‬d
⫼Ā/POST1ā䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫDŽ⫼㒧ᵰᦤপੑҸĀ*GET,U1,NODE,16,U,Yāᦤপ
16ো㡖⚍ⱘYᮍ৥ⱘԡ⿏UYˈᄬܹব䞣U1DŽ⫼೒ᔶᰒ⼎㡖⚍㒧ᵰੑҸĀPLNSOL,S,Xā೒
ᔶᰒ⼎Xᮍ৥ⱘℷᑨ࡯ˈᕫࠄབ೒4-54᠔⼎ⱘ∈ᑇᮍ৥ᑨ࡯ߚᏗ㡆ᑺ೒DŽ೒Ёᰒ⼎᳔໻ⱘ∈
ᑇᔃ᳆ᑨ࡯Ў20.685MPaDŽ

೒4.54 㒃ᔃ᳆ 㞖ṕ∈ᑇᮍ৥ℷᑨ࡯ߚᏗ㡆ᑺ೒

(6) ‫؟‬έ۠ၻนԛ֝ᄵ۠ၻࣣٝġժϦॏᆴဈெࣣēᄷ໭‫ޙ‬സd
⫼Ā/SOLUāࡴ䕑∖㾷῵ഫDŽ
⫼㥋䕑࡯ᅮНੑҸĀF,6,FX,,,16,10ā೼6ো㡖⚍Xᮍ৥ᮑࡴ໻ᇣㄝѢ0ⱘ䲚Ё࡯ˈᣝ๲䞣
10ᕾ⦃ࠄ16ো㡖⚍ˈҹ⍜এࠡ䴶ᅮН೼䖭ϸϾ㡖⚍Ϟⱘ䲚Ё࡯DŽ⫼ĀF,6,FY,667.25,,16,10ā
೼6ো㡖⚍Yᮍ৥ᮑࡴ໻ᇣㄝѢ667.25Nⱘ䲚Ё࡯ˈᣝ๲䞣10ᕾ⦃ࠄ16ো㡖⚍DŽ䆹ੑҸᇚ԰
⫼೼㞾⬅ッⱘ䲚Ё࡯1334.5Nᑇഛߚ䜡ࠄњϞϟϸϾ㡖⚍ϞDŽℸᯊⱘ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟব៤བ೒
4.55᠔⼎ⱘḋᄤˈ䖭䞠㱑✊ᰒ⼎њ6ো੠16ো㡖⚍∈ᑇᮍ৥ⱘ㥋䕑࡯ヺোˈԚᰃ㥋䕑࡯ⱘ໻
ᇣㄝѢ0DŽ
⫼∖㾷ੑҸĀSOLVEāᓔྟ䴭࡯ߚᵤⱘ∖㾷DŽ
(7) ၽ‫҉܊‬स੦ࣖ,ඔ௜ࠋԤสྭ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ڴ‬d
⫼Ā/POST1ā䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫDŽ⫼㒧ᵰᦤপੑҸĀ*GET,U2,NODE,16,U,Yāᦤপ
16ো㡖⚍ⱘ Yᮍ৥ⱘԡ⿏ UYˈᄬ ܹ ব 䞣 U2DŽ Ң㦰ऩĀ Utility -> Parameters -> Scalar
Parametersāৃҹⳟࠄ䖭ѯব䞣ⱘؐ˄བ೒4.56᠔⼎˅DŽ
⫼ĀPLNSOL,S,Xāৃҹ೒ᔶᰒ⼎೼ッ䚼῾৥䲚Ё࡯԰⫼ϟⱘ 㞖ṕXᮍ৥ⱘℷᑨ࡯ߚ
Ꮧ㡆ᑺ೒˄བ೒4.57᠔⼎˅DŽ೒Ёᰒ⼎᳔໻ⱘ∈ᑇᔃ᳆ᑨ࡯ߎ⦄೼೎ᅮッԡ㕂ˈ᳔໻ℷᑨ
࡯ؐЎ27.924MPaDŽ

151
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

೒4.55 ᮑࡴԡ⿏㑺ᴳ੠ッ䚼䲚Ё࡯Пৢⱘ 㞖ṕ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟ

೒4.56 ֱᄬ೼ব䞣Ёⱘϡৠ㥋䕑ᚙ‫މ‬ϟ 㞖ṕ㞾⬅ッⱘԡ⿏ؐ

೒4.57 ೼ッ䚼῾৥䲚Ё࡯԰⫼ϟⱘ 㞖ṕXᮍ৥ⱘℷᑨ࡯ߚᏗ㡆ᑺ೒

152
 ㄀ゴᅲԧ῵ൟᑨ࡯ߚᵤ

(8) Շ࿌೴ᆦέ२ēߜ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ڴ‬ඹ‫ڶ‬೴ᆦέ२೛ѻӾำߑd

3ˊANSYS⿟ᑣ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎҹࠡ῵ഫ
/CLEAR, NOSTART ! ⏙䰸᭄᥂ˈϡࡴ䕑߱ྟ࣪᭛ӊ
! (1)䆒㕂Ꮉ⿟䗝乍ǃऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟ੠ᴤ᭭খ᭄
/FileName,EX4.4 ! ᅮНᎹ⿟᭛ӊৡ⿄
/PREP7 ! ࡴ䕑ࠡ໘⧚῵ഫ
/TITLE, EX4.4, BENDING OF A SOLID BEAM (PLANE ELEMENTS)
C*** FORMULAS FOR STRESS AND STRAIN, ROARK, 4TH ED.,PG. 104,106
ANTYPE,STATIC ! ᅮНߚᵤ㉏ൟЎ䴭࡯ߚᵤ
ET,1,PLANE42,,,3,,,2 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬Ўᏺ८ᑺѠ㓈㒧ᵘ೎ԧऩ‫ܗ‬PLANE42ˈᏺ1,3ো䴶䕧ߎ
MP,EX,1,207E3 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EX = 207GPa =207 N/mm^2
MP,NUXY,1,0.0 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨NUXY ˙ 0.0
R,1,25.4 ! ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬८ᑺЎ25.4mm
! (2)ᅮН㡖⚍
N,1 ! ೼തᷛॳ⚍(0,0,0)ᅮН㄀1ো㡖⚍
N,6,254 ! ೼(254mm,0,0)ᅮН6ো㡖⚍
FILL ! ೼1ো㡖⚍੠6ো㡖⚍П䯈฿‫⫳ܙ‬៤2ো㡖⚍ࠄ5ো㡖⚍
! NGEN, ITIME, INC, NODE1, NODE2, NINC, DX, DY, DZ, SPACE
NGEN,2,10,1,6,1,,50.8 ! ᕾ⦃2⃵,㡖⚍ো๲䞣10,ᣝ1ো㡖⚍ࠄ6ো㡖⚍๲䞣Ў1ⱘ㣗ೈ,↣
Ͼ㡖⚍ⱘYതᷛ๲䞣Ў50.8mm, ⫳៤㡖⚍11ࠄ16
E,1,2,12,11 ! 䖛㡖⚍1,2,12੠11ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬
EGEN,5,1,1 ! ᕾ⦃5⃵,↣⃵ऩ‫ܗ‬ϸッⱘ㡖⚍ো๲ࡴ1,⫳៤݊ԭⱘ4Ͼऩ‫ܗ‬
! (3)ᮑࡴ㄀1⾡ᚙ‫ⱘމ‬䖍⬠ᴵӊ:ッ䚼࡯‫ي‬԰⫼ᚙ‫މ‬
/COM, EX4.4, CASE 1 - END MOMENT, ROARK, PAGE 106, NO. 9
D,1,ALL,,,11,10 ! ԡ⿏㑺ᴳ1ো㡖⚍ⱘ᠔᳝ԡ⿏㞾⬅ᑺ,ᣝ๲䞣10ᕾ⦃ࠄ11.
F,6,FX,4448.3 ! ೼6ো㡖⚍ⱘXᮍ৥ᮑࡴ4448.3Nⱘ䲚Ё࡯
F,16,FX,-4448.3 ! ೼16ো㡖⚍ⱘ-Xᮍ৥ᮑࡴ4448.3Nⱘ䲚Ё࡯,੠6ো㡖⚍ⱘ࡯㒘៤࡯‫ي‬
OUTPR,NSOL,1 ! 䕧ߎ㄀1㥋䕑ℹⱘ㡖⚍䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
OUTPR,ESOL,1 ! 䕧ߎ㄀1㥋䕑ℹⱘऩ‫ܗ‬䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎࠡ໘⧚῵ഫPREP7
! (4)䖯ܹ∖㾷῵ഫ∖㾷
/SOLU ! ࡴ䕑∖㾷῵ഫ
SOLVE ! ᓔྟ∖㾷
FINISH ! 䗔ߎ∖㾷῵ഫSOLU
! (5)೼ৢ໘⧚῵ഫ,ᦤপ㡖⚍ԡ⿏䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
/POST1 ! 䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
*GET,U1,NODE,16,U,Y ! ᦤপ16ো㡖⚍ⱘԡ⿏UY,ᄬܹব䞣U1
PLNSOL,S,X ! ೒ᔶᰒ⼎Xᮍ৥ⱘℷᑨ࡯
FINISH ! 䗔ߎৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
! (6)ᬍব㥋䕑Ў㄀Ѡ⾡㥋䕑Ꮉ‫މ‬:ッ䚼࡯԰⫼ᚙ‫ˈމ‬䞡ᮄ䅵ㅫ
/SOLU ! ࡴ䕑∖㾷῵ഫ

153
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

/COM, EX16, CASE 2 - END LOAD, ROARK, PAGE 104, NO.1

F,6,FX,,,16,10 ! ೼6ো㡖⚍Xᮍ৥ᮑࡴ໻ᇣㄝѢ0ⱘ䲚Ё࡯ˈᣝ๲䞣10ᕾ⦃ࠄ16ো㡖⚍
F,6,FY,667.25,,16,10 ! ೼6ো㡖⚍Yᮍ৥ᮑࡴ໻ᇣㄝѢ667.25Nⱘ䲚Ё࡯ˈᣝ๲䞣10ᕾ⦃
ࠄ16ো㡖⚍
SOLVE ! ᓔྟ∖㾷
FINISH ! 䗔ߎ∖㾷῵ഫSOLUTION
! (7) ೼ৢ໘⧚῵ഫ,ᦤপ㡖⚍ԡ⿏䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
/POST1 ! 䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
*GET,U2,NODE,16,U,Y ! ᦤপ16ো㡖⚍ⱘԡ⿏UY,ᄬܹব䞣U2
PLNSOL,S,X ! ೒ᔶᰒ⼎Xᮍ৥ⱘℷᑨ࡯
! (8) ᅮН᭄㒘ব䞣ˈᇚ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ䗮䖛᭄㒘ব䞣䕧ߎࠄ᭛ӊ
*DIM,LABEL,CHAR,1,2 ! ᅮН1ˆ2ᄫヺൟ᭄㒘LABEL
*DIM,VALUE,,1,3 ! ᅮН1ˆ3᭄ؐൟ᭄㒘VALUE
*DIM,VALUE2,,1,3 ! ᅮН1ˆ3᭄ؐൟ᭄㒘VALUE2
LABEL(1,1) = 'DEFL' ! 㒭LABELⱘ㄀1߫䌟ᷛ乬ᄫヺ
LABEL(1,2) = ' (mm) ' ! 㒭VALUEⱘ㄀1߫䌟ᷛ乬ऩԡ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,1),DATA,0.127 ! 㒭VALUEⱘ㄀1߫䌟⧚䆎ؐ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,2),DATA,U1 ! 㒭VALUEⱘ㄀2߫䌟䅵ㅫؐ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,3),DATA,ABS(U1/0.127) ! 㒭VALUEⱘ㄀3߫䌟↨ؐ
SAVE, TABLE_1 ! ֱᄬ᭄᥂ࠄ᭄᥂ᑧTABLE_1
*VFILL,VALUE2(1,1),DATA,0.127 ! 㒭VALUE2ⱘ㄀1߫䌟⧚䆎ؐ
*VFILL,VALUE2(1,2),DATA,U2 ! 㒭VALU2Eⱘ㄀2߫䌟䅵ㅫؐ
*VFILL,VALUE2(1,3),DATA,ABS(U2/0.127) ! 㒭VALUEⱘ㄀3߫䌟↨ؐ
SAVE, TABLE_2 ! ֱᄬ᭄᥂ࠄ᭄᥂ᑧTABLE_2
RESUME,TABLE_1
/COM
/OUT, EX4_4, out ! ᇚ䕧ߎ‫ݙ‬ᆍ䞡ᅮ৥ࠄ᭛ӊEX4_4.out
/COM,------------------- EX4.4 RESULTS COMPARISON ---------------------
/COM,
/COM,CASE 1: | TARGET | ANSYS | RATIO
/COM,
*VWRITE,LABEL(1,1),LABEL(1,2),VALUE(1,1),VALUE(1,2),VALUE(1,3)
(1X,A8,A8,' ',F10.5,' ',F10.5,' ',1F5.3)
/NOPR
RESUME,TABLE_2
/GOPR
/COM,CASE 2:
*VWRITE,LABEL(1,1),LABEL(1,2),VALUE2(1,1),VALUE2(1,2),VALUE2(1,3)
(1X,A8,A8,' ',F10.5,' ',F10.5,' ',1F5.3)
/COM,-----------------------------------------------------------------
/COM,
/COM,-----------------------------------------------------------------
/OUT ! 㒧ᴳ᭄᥂䞡ᅮ৥ˈ݇䯁䕧ߎ᭛ӊ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎৢ໘⧚῵ഫ

154
 ㄀ゴᅲԧ῵ൟᑨ࡯ߚᵤ

/DELETE,TABLE_1
/DELETE,TABLE_2
FINISH ! 䗔ߎৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
*LIST, EX4_4, out ! ߫㸼ᰒ⼎᭛ӊEX4_4.outⱘ‫ݙ‬ᆍ

4ˊ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ䅼䆎

䗮䖛Ϟ䴶⿟ᑣⱘ䅵ㅫˈᕫࠄབ㸼4.2᠔⼎ⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰDŽ੠⧚䆎㒧ᵰⳌ↨ˈ㒃ᔃ᳆ᚙ‫ⱘމ‬
ᣴᑺ੠᳔໻ᑨ࡯䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰਏড়ᕜདˈ䇈ᯢᇍѢऩ‫ܗ‬Ёⱘᢝय़ᑨ࡯⢊ᗕˈ㒓ᗻব࣪ⱘᢝय़ᚙ
‫ˈމ‬䛑ৃҹᕜདⱘ῵ᢳDŽᇍѢ῾৥࡯԰⫼ᚙ‫࡯ݙˈމ‬䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰਏড়ᕜདˈԚᰃԡ⿏㒧ᵰ⿡
ᏂDŽ䖭ৃ㛑ᰃ⬅Ѣऩ‫ܗ‬ফࠄ࠾ߛ԰⫼ˈথ⫳࠾ߛবᔶ㗠ᓩ䍋ⱘDŽ⧚䆎㒧ᵰ‫أ‬ᇣᰃ಴Ў≵᳝
㗗㰥῾৥࠾ߛবᔶⱘ㓬ᬙˈ᠔ҹ䖭䞠ⱘ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬㒧ᵰৃҹ䅸Ўᰃ᳈㊒⹂ⱘDŽ
㸼4.2 ⫼ᅲԧऩ‫ߚܗ‬ᵤব៾䴶ᴚⱘᢝԌⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ੠⧚䆎㒧ᵰⱘᇍ↨
Ꮉ‫މ‬1˖㞾⬅ッ䲚Ё࡯‫ي‬԰⫼ ⧚ 䆎 ؐ Ansysؐ ↨ ؐ
㞾⬅ッ᳔໻ᣴᑺ˄mm˅ 0.12700 0.12691 0.999
᳔໻ᔃ᳆ℷᑨ࡯˄MPa˅ 30.644 30.621 0.999
Ꮉ‫މ‬2˖㞾⬅ッ῾৥࡯԰⫼ ⧚䆎ؐ Ansysؐ ↨ؐ
㞾⬅ッ᳔໻ᣴᑺ˄mm˅ 0.12700 0.12818 1.009
᳔໻ᔃ᳆ℷᑨ࡯˄MPa˅ 27.93 27.924 1.000

4.5 ব៾䴶 㞖ṕ೼ッ䚼䲚Ё࡯԰⫼ϟⱘᑇ䴶䴭࡯ߚᵤ
८ᑺt=50.8mmˈ䭓ᑺl=1270mmˈ៾䴶催ᑺ㒓ᗻব࣪ⱘ 㞖ṕˈ៾䴶催ᑺҢdব࣪ࠄ3d
˄d=76.2mm˅ˈ೼㞾⬅ッⱘ䲚Ё࡯F=17.793mm԰⫼ϟ˄བ೒4.58᠔⼎˅DŽᏆⶹᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ
῵䞣E=207GPaˈ⊞ᵒ↨ μ = 0 DŽ䆩߽⫼Ѡ㓈4㡖⚍ㄝখ೎ԧऩ‫ܗ‬PLANE42੠Ѡ㓈8㡖⚍ㄝখ
೎ԧऩ‫ܗ‬PLANE82ˈߚ߿䅵ㅫ೼ 㞖ṕⱘЁ䚼(x=L)੠೎ᅮッԡ㕂(x=3L/2)៾䴶Ϟⱘ᳔໻ᔃ
᳆ᑨ࡯DŽ
Y

F =17.793kN
X
d
X 3d
d =76.2mm

d =76.2mm l l =1270mm
2

೒4.58 ব៾䴶 㞖ṕⱘ䅵ㅫ῵ൟ⼎ᛣ೒

1ˊ⧚䆎㾷

⬅᭛⤂[5]:342Ϟ7.18ᓣৃⶹˈ೼㞾⬅ッⱘ䲚Ё࡯ P ԰⫼ϟˈṕ៾䴶Ϟⱘᔃⶽᰃԡ㕂ⱘ

155
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

㒓ᗻߑ᭄DŽ
೼ 㞖ṕЁ䚼(x=L)໘ˈҷ᭄ܹؐˈ∖ߎṕⱘᡫᔃ៾䴶῵䞣˖
bh 2 t (2 d ) 2 0.0508 × 4 × 0.0762 2 3
Wz = = = = 1.96645 × 10−4 m (4.40)
6 6 6
ᔃⶽؐЎ M = Fl / 2 = 17793 ×1.27/2 = 11298.6 Ngmˈ᳔߭໻ᔃ᳆ᑨ࡯ؐЎ˖
M 11298.6
σ max = = = 57.457MPa (4.41)
Wz 1.96645 ×10−4
೼ 㞖ṕ೎ᅮッԡ㕂(x=3L/2)໘ˈҷ᭄ܹؐˈ∖ߎṕⱘᡫᔃ៾䴶῵䞣˖
bh 2 t (3d ) 2 0.0508 × 9 × 0.07622 3
Wz = = = = 4.4245 × 10 −4 m (4.42)
6 6 6
ᔃⶽؐЎ M = Fl = 17793 ×1.27 = 22597 Ngmˈ᳔߭໻ᔃ᳆ᑨ࡯ؐЎ˖
M 22597
σ max = = = 51.073 MPa (4.43)
Wz 4.4245 ×10 −4

2ˊANSYSߚᵤ

‫ৢܜ‬Փ⫼ϸ⾡ऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟ㦋ᕫ㾷ㄨDŽ㄀ϔ⾡㾷ㄨՓ⫼䰊᭄䕗Ԣⱘ4㡖⚍PLANE42ㄝখऩ
‫ˈܗ‬㄀2⾡㾷ㄨՓ⫼䰊᭄催ϔѯⱘ8㡖⚍ㄝখऩ‫ܗ‬PLANE82DŽPLANE82ऩ‫ܗ‬Փ⫼੠PLANE42
Ⳍৠⱘ㾦⚍㡖⚍Ꮧ㕂ˈԚᰃ᠔᳝ऩ‫ܗ‬๲ࡴњ䰘ࡴⱘЁ䯈㡖⚍DŽ८ᑺ50.8mm䗮䖛Փ⫼ᏺ८ᑺ
䗝乍ⱘᑇ䴶ᑨ࡯ऩ‫ܗ‬ᴹᅲ⦄DŽ⊞ᵒ↨পЎ0ህৃҹ᳈དഄ੠ṕⱘ⧚䆎ਏড়DŽ
䆹ব៾䴶 㞖ṕⱘ޴ԩᔶ⢊↨䕗ㅔऩˈ䖭䞠ህՓ⫼㡖⚍੠ऩ‫᥹Ⳉⱘܗ‬ᓎ῵DŽ佪‫ܜ‬ҢᎺ
৥েᅮНњṕⱘϞ㸼䴶Ϟ1োࠄ7ো㡖⚍ˈ✊ৢᅮНϟ㸼䴶Ϟⱘ8োࠄ14ো㡖⚍DŽ᳔ৢᅮН6
Ͼ4㡖⚍ऩ‫ܗ‬DŽϟ䴶㒭ߎᅠ៤ߚᵤⱘЏ㽕ℹ偸੠䇈ᯢDŽ
(1) ಁᄢٝё༪ົēՇ࿌‫ד‬๥फ໸cӦ၍फ໸d
⫼ߚᵤ㉏ൟᅮНੑҸĀANTYPE,STATICāᅮНߚᵤ㉏ൟЎ䴭࡯ߚᵤDŽ⫼ऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟᅮ
НੑҸĀET,1,PLANE42,,,3,,,2āᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬Ўᏺ८ᑺ˄খ᭄Ā3ā㸼⼎˅ⱘ4㡖⚍ᑇ䴶ᑨ
࡯ऩ‫ܗ‬PLANE42ˈᠧᓔ㸼䴶㒧ᵰ䕧ߎ˄খ᭄Ā2ā㸼⼎˅ˈҹᦤপЁ䯈㡖⚍ⱘ㒧ᵰDŽ
⫼ᅲᐌ᭄ᅮНੑҸĀR,1,50.8āᅮН᠔᳝ऩ‫ⱘܗ‬८ᑺЎ50.8mmDŽ⫼ᴤ᭭খ᭄ᅮНੑҸ
2
ĀMP,EX,1,207E3āᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EX=207E3 N/mm ˈ⫼ĀMP,NUXY,1,0.0āᅮ
Н㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨NUXY=0.0.
(2) Շ࿌ࠋԤสᄢۤӦ၍ॕࠄd
⫼㡖⚍ᅮНੑҸĀN,1,635ā೼ṕⱘϞ㸼䴶᳔Ꮊッ(635mm,0,0)ԡ㕂ᅮН㄀1ো㡖⚍ˈ⫼
ĀN,7,1905೼ṕⱘϞ㸼䴶᳔েッ(1905mm,0,0)ԡ㕂ᅮН㄀7ো㡖⚍DŽ⫼㡖⚍฿‫⫳ܙ‬៤ੑҸ
ĀFILLā೼1ো㡖⚍੠7ো㡖⚍П䯈ˈ฿‫⫳ܙ‬៤ṕⱘϞ㸼䴶ⱘ2োࠄ6ো㡖⚍DŽ
⫼ĀN,8,635,76.2ā೼ṕⱘϟ㸼䴶᳔Ꮊッ(635mm,76.2mm,0)ԡ㕂ᅮН㄀8ো㡖⚍ˈ⫼
ĀN,14,1905,228.6೼ṕⱘϟ㸼䴶᳔েッ (1905mm,228.6mm,0) ԡ㕂ᅮН㄀14ো㡖⚍DŽ⫼
ĀFILLā೼8ো㡖⚍੠14ো㡖⚍П䯈ˈ฿‫⫳ܙ‬៤ṕϟ㸼䴶ⱘ9োࠄ13ো㡖⚍DŽ
⫼ऩ‫ܗ‬ᅮНੑҸĀE,2,1,8,9ā䖛㡖⚍2ˈ1ˈ8੠9ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ⫼ऩ‫⫳ܗ‬៤ੑҸĀEGEN,6,1,1ā
ᕾ⦃6⃵ˈᣝ✻ࠡ䴶ᅮНⱘऩ‫ܗ‬῵ᓣᅮНऩ‫⃵↣ˈܗ‬㡖⚍ো๲ࡴ1DŽ
(3) ༪႔ࠋԤēಠަสྭΨ࠘ඨߑۤ۠ၻd

156
 ㄀ゴᅲԧ῵ൟᑨ࡯ߚᵤ

⫼㡖⚍䗝ᢽੑҸĀNSEL,S,LOC,X,1905ā䗝ᢽX=1905mm೎ᅮッԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍DŽ⫼ԡ⿏
㑺ᴳੑҸĀD,ALL,ALLā㑺ᴳ䗝ᢽ䲚Ёⱘ᠔᳝㡖⚍ⱘ᠔᳝㞾⬅ᑺDŽ⫼ĀNSEL,ALLā䗝ᢽ
᠔᳝㡖⚍DŽ
⫼㡖⚍࡯ᅮНੑҸĀF,1,FY, 17793ā೼1ো㡖⚍ⱘYᮍ৥ᮑࡴ17793Nⱘ䲚Ё࡯DŽ㒣䖛
䖭ѯℹ偸ৢˈᕫࠄབ೒4.59᠔⼎ⱘ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟDŽ೼ṕⱘ᳔Ꮊッⱘ1ো㡖⚍ৃҹⳟࠄϔϾ৥ϟ
ⱘㆁ༈ˈᅗ㸼⼎԰⫼೼1ো㡖⚍ⱘ䲚Ё࡯DŽ೼ṕⱘে䴶ⱘ7ো㡖⚍੠14ো㡖⚍ߚ߿᳝ϸϾᇣ
ϝ㾦ˈ㸼⼎䖭ϸϾ㡖⚍ⱘϸϾ㒓ԡ⿏㹿㑺ᴳDŽ

೒4.59 ⫼㒧⚍੠ऩ‫᥹Ⳉܗ‬ᓎ῵⫳៤ⱘব៾䴶 㞖ṕ῵ൟ

(4) ၽௐࠓ੦ࣖēࢗಳௐࠓd
(5) ඔ௜ᄗՇสᄢࠋԤԅ࿫ॏē‫ݛ‬ᄥέ໹෍d
⫼Ā/POST1ā䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫৢˈ⫼ĀEND_NODE = NODE (1905,0,0)ā䗝ᢽ䎱
⾏ ˄ 1905mm,0,0˅ ೎ ᅮ ッ ԡ 㕂 ᳔ 䖥 ⱘ 㡖 ⚍ ˈ ੑ ৡ Ў END_NODE DŽ ⫼ 㒧 ᵰ ᦤ প ੑ Ҹ
Ā*GET,STS_E_42,NODE,END_NODE,S,Xāᦤপ㡖⚍END_NODEⱘXᮍ৥ᑨ࡯SXˈᄬܹব
䞣STS_E_42DŽ
⫼೒ᔶᰒ⼎বᔶੑҸĀPLDISP,2āᏺॳᴹ῵ൟ೒䕂ᒧ˄⫼খ᭄Ā2ā㸼⼎˅ˈᰒ⼎বᔶ
ৢⱘ῵ൟ˄བ೒4.60᠔⼎˅DŽ೒Ёᰒ⼎ߎ᳔໻ⱘԡ⿏Ў2.48mmˈথ⫳೼㞾⬅ッDŽ
⫼ĀMID_NODE = NODE (1270,0,0)ā䗝ᢽ䎱⾏˄1270mm,0,0˅ṕⱘЁ䚼ԡ㕂᳔䖥ⱘ㡖
⚍ ˈ ੑ ৡ Ў MID_NODE DŽ ⫼ Ā *GET,STS_M_42,NODE,MID_NODE,S,EQVā ᦤ প 㡖 ⚍
MID_NODEԡ㕂ⱘMISESᑨ࡯SEQVˈᄬܹব䞣STS_M_42DŽ
⫼೒ᔶᰒ⼎㡖⚍㒧ᵰੑҸĀPLNSOL,S,Xā೒ᔶᰒ⼎∈ᑇᮍ৥ⱘℷᑨ࡯ߚᏗˈᕫࠄབ೒
4.61᠔⼎ⱘ∈ᑇᑨ࡯ߚᏗ೒DŽ೒Ёᰒ⼎᳔໻∈ᑇᑨ࡯56.24Mpaˈথ⫳೼ṕⱘЁ䚼៾䴶ⱘϞ
䖍㓬DŽ᳔ᇣ∈ᑇᑨ࡯56.24Mpaˈথ⫳೼ṕⱘЁ䚼៾䴶ⱘϟ䖍㓬DŽ
⫼ĀPLNSOL,S,1ā೒ᔶᰒ⼎ᢝᑨ࡯ߚᏗˈᕫࠄབ೒4.62᠔⼎ⱘᢝᑨ࡯ߚᏗ೒DŽ೒Ёᰒ
⼎᳔໻ᢝᑨ࡯56.26MPaˈߎ⦄೼ṕⱘЁ䚼៾䴶ⱘϞ䖍㓬ˈ੠᳔໻∈ᑇᑨ࡯ԡ㕂෎ᴀⳌৠDŽ

157
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

೒4.60 ব៾䴶 㞖ṕ೼ッ䚼䲚Ё࡯԰⫼ϟⱘᑇ䴶ᔃ᳆বᔶ

೒4.61 ব៾䴶 㞖ṕ೼ッ䚼䲚Ё࡯԰⫼ϟⱘ∈ᑇᑨ࡯ߚᏗ

೒4.62 ব៾䴶 㞖ṕ೼ッ䚼䲚Ё࡯԰⫼ϟⱘᢝᑨ࡯ߚᏗ

158
 ㄀ゴᅲԧ῵ൟᑨ࡯ߚᵤ

⫼ĀPLNSOL,S,3ā೒ᔶᰒ⼎य़ᑨ࡯ߚᏗˈᕫࠄབ೒4.63᠔⼎ⱘय़ᑨ࡯ߚᏗ೒DŽ೒Ёᰒ
⼎᳔໻य़ᑨ࡯56.814MPaˈߎ⦄೼ṕⱘЁ䚼៾䴶ⱘϟ䖍㓬ˈ੠᳔ᇣ∈ᑇᑨ࡯ԡ㕂෎ᴀⳌৠDŽ

೒4.63 ব៾䴶 㞖ṕ೼ッ䚼䲚Ё࡯԰⫼ϟⱘय़ᑨ࡯ߚᏗ

(6) ‫؟‬ဈٗ‫ࠈغ‬ԅ଼ੋ࿫ॏӦ၍PLANE82ᄷ໭‫ޙ‬സd
⫼ऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟᅮНੑҸĀET,1,PLANE82,,,3,,,2āᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬Ўᏺ८ᑺ˄খ᭄Ā3ā㸼
⼎˅ⱘ8㡖⚍ᑇ䴶ᑨ࡯ऩ‫ˈܗ‬ᠧᓔ㸼䴶㒧ᵰ䕧ߎ˄খ᭄Ā2ā㸼⼎˅ˈҹᦤপЁ䯈㡖⚍ⱘ㒧
ᵰDŽ⫼ĀEMIDāੑҸ㒭PLANE82ऩ‫ࡴ⏏ܗ‬Ё䯈㡖⚍DŽ
⫼ 㡖 ⚍ 䗝 ᢽ ੑ ҸĀ NSEL,R,LOC,X,1905 ā䗝 ᢽ X=1905mm ೎ᅮッԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍ ˈ ⫼
ĀNSEL,R,LOC,Y, 114.3ā‫⃵ݡ‬䗝ᢽY=114.3mm˄೎ᅮッ໘ⱘЁ⚍˅ԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍DŽ⫼ԡ⿏
㑺ᴳੑҸĀD,ALL,ALLāԡ⿏㑺ᴳ೎ᅮッⱘЁ⚍DŽ⫼ĀNSEL,ALLā䗝ᢽ᠔᳝㡖⚍DŽ
(7) ၽௐࠓ੦ࣖௐࠓd
(8) ඔ௜ᄗՇสᄢԅࠋԤԅ࿫ॏ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ڴ‬d
⫼Ā/POST1ā䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫDŽ⫼ĀEND_NODE = NODE (1905,0,0)ā䗝ᢽ䎱⾏
˄1905mm,0,0˅೎ᅮッԡ㕂᳔䖥ⱘ㡖⚍ ˈੑৡЎEND_NODEDŽ⫼㒧ᵰᦤপੑҸĀ*GET,
STS_E_82, NODE, END_NODE,S,Xāᦤপ㡖⚍ END_NODEⱘXᮍ৥ᑨ࡯SXˈᄬܹব䞣
STS_E_82DŽ⫼ĀMID_NODE = NODE (1270,0,0)ā䗝ᢽ䎱⾏˄1270mm,0,0˅ṕⱘЁ䚼ԡ㕂
᳔䖥ⱘ㡖⚍ˈੑৡЎMID_NODEDŽ⫼㒧ᵰᦤপੑҸĀ*GET,STS_M_82,NODE,MID_NODE,
S,EQVāᦤপ㡖⚍MID_NODEԡ㕂ⱘMISESᑨ࡯SEQVˈᄬܹব䞣STS_M_82DŽ
⫼೒ᔶᰒ⼎㡖⚍䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰⱘੑҸĀPLNSOL,S,Xāᰒ⼎∈ᑇᮍ৥ⱘℷᑨ࡯ߚᏗˈབ೒4.64
᠔⼎DŽ೒Ёᰒ⼎᳔໻∈ᑇᑨ࡯57.75MPa˄೒4.61Ёᰃ56.24Mpa˅ˈথ⫳೼ṕⱘЁ䚼៾䴶ⱘ
Ϟ䖍㓬DŽ᳔ᇣ∈ᑇᑨ࡯57.75MPa˄೒4.61Ёᰃ56.24MPa˅ˈথ⫳೼ṕⱘЁ䚼៾䴶ⱘϟ䖍
㓬DŽϢ⧚䆎㾷57.457MPaⳌ↨ˈ8㡖⚍PLANE82ⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ᳈᥹䖥ϔѯDŽ
⫼ĀPLNSOL,S,1āᰒ⼎ᢝᑨ࡯ߚᏗˈབ೒4.65᠔⼎DŽ೒Ёᰒ⼎᳔໻ᢝᑨ࡯57.779MPa
˄೒4.61Ёᰃ56.26MPa˅ˈߎ⦄೼ṕⱘЁ䚼៾䴶ⱘϞ䖍㓬ˈ੠᳔໻∈ᑇᑨ࡯ԡ㕂෎ᴀⳌৠDŽ
⫼ Ā PLNSOL,S,3 ā೒ ᔶ ᰒ ⼎ य़ ᑨ ࡯ ߚ Ꮧˈ བ೒ 4.66 ᠔⼎ DŽ೒ Ё ᰒ ⼎ ᳔ ໻ य़ ᑨ ࡯
58.347MPa˄೒4.61Ёᰃ56.814MPa˅ˈߎ⦄೼ṕⱘЁ䚼៾䴶ⱘϟ䖍㓬ˈ੠᳔ᇣ∈ᑇᑨ࡯
ԡ㕂෎ᴀⳌৠDŽ

159
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

೒4.64 ⫼8㡖⚍ऩ‫ܗ‬䅵ㅫব៾䴶 㞖ṕⱘ∈ᑇᑨ࡯ߚᏗ

೒4.65 ⫼8㡖⚍ऩ‫ܗ‬䅵ㅫব៾䴶 㞖ṕⱘᢝᑨ࡯ߚᏗ

೒4.66 ⫼8㡖⚍ऩ‫ܗ‬䅵ㅫব៾䴶 㞖ṕⱘय़ᑨ࡯ߚᏗ

160
 ㄀ゴᅲԧ῵ൟᑨ࡯ߚᵤ

(9) Շ࿌೴ᆦέ२ēߜ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ڴ‬ඹ‫ڶ‬೴ᆦέ२೛ѻӾำߑd

3ˊANSYS⿟ᑣ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎҹࠡ῵ഫ
/CLEAR, NOSTART ! ⏙䰸᭄᥂ˈϡࡴ䕑߱ྟ࣪᭛ӊ
! (1)䆒㕂Ꮉ⿟䗝乍ˈᅮНߚᵤ㉏ൟǃऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟ੠ᴤ᭭খ᭄
/FileName,EX4.5 ! ᅮНᎹ⿟᭛ӊৡ⿄
/PREP7 ! ࡴ䕑ࠡ໘⧚῵ഫ
/TITLE, EX4.5, LATERALLY LOADED TAPERED SUPPORT STRUCTURE (QUAD. ELEMENTS)
C*** MECHANICS OF SOLIDS, CRANDALL AND DAHL, 1959, PAGE 342, PROB. 7.18
C*** Փ⫼ PLANE42 ऩ‫ܗ‬
ANTYPE,STATIC ! ᅮНߚᵤ㉏ൟЎ䴭࡯ߚᵤ
ET,1,PLANE42,,,3,,,2 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬Ўᏺ८ᑺ˄খ᭄Ā3ā㸼⼎˅ⱘ4㡖⚍ᑇ䴶ᑨ࡯ऩ
‫ܗ‬PLANE42ˈᠧᓔ㸼䴶㒧ᵰ䕧ߎ˄খ᭄Ā2ā㸼⼎˅ˈҹᦤপЁ䯈㡖⚍ⱘ㒧ᵰ
R,1,50.8 ! ᅮН८ᑺЎ50.8mm
MP,EX,1,207E3 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣ЎEX˙207E3 N/mm2
MP,NUXY,1,0.0 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨NUXY˙0.0
! (2)ᅮН㡖⚍ԡ㕂੠ऩ‫ܗ‬䖲᥹
N,1,635 ! ೼(635mm,0,0)ԡ㕂ᅮН㄀1ো㡖⚍
N,7,1905 ! ೼(1905mm,0,0)ԡ㕂ᅮН㄀7ো㡖⚍
FILL ! ೼1ো㡖⚍੠7ো㡖⚍П䯈ˈ฿‫⫳ܙ‬៤2োࠄ6ো㡖⚍
N,8,635,-76.2 ! ೼(635mm,-76.2mm,0)ԡ㕂ᅮН㄀8ো㡖⚍
N,14,1905,-228.6 ! ೼(1905mm,-228.6mm,0)ԡ㕂ᅮН㄀14ো㡖⚍
FILL ! ೼8ো㡖⚍੠14ো㡖⚍П䯈ˈ฿‫⫳ܙ‬៤9োࠄ13ো㡖⚍
E,2,1,8,9 ! 䖛㡖⚍2ˈ1ˈ8੠9ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬
EGEN,6,1,1 ! ˈᣝ✻ࠡ䴶ᅮНⱘऩ‫ܗ‬῵ᓣˈᕾ⦃6⃵ᅮНऩ‫⃵↣ˈܗ‬㡖⚍ো๲ࡴ1
! (3)䗝ᢽ㡖⚍ˈᮑࡴԡ⿏䖍⬠ᴵӊ੠㥋䕑
NSEL,S,LOC,X,1905 ! 䗝ᢽX˙1905mmԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍
D,ALL,ALL ! 㑺ᴳ䗝ᢽ䲚Ёⱘ᠔᳝㡖⚍ⱘ᠔᳝㞾⬅ᑺ
NSEL,ALL ! 䗝ᢽ᠔᳝㡖⚍
F,1,FY,-17793 ! ೼1ো㡖⚍ⱘ-Yᮍ৥ᮑࡴ17793Nⱘ䲚Ё࡯
FINISH ! 䗔ߎࠡ໘⧚῵ഫPREP7
! (4)೼∖㾷῵ഫˈᓔྟ∖㾷
/SOLU ! ࡴ䕑∖㾷῵ഫ
OUTPR,,1 ! া䕧ߎ㄀1㥋䕑ℹⱘ෎ᴀֵᙃ
SOLVE ! ᓔྟ∖㾷
FINISH ! 䗔ߎ∖㾷῵ഫSOLU
! (5)ᦤপᣛᅮԡ㕂㡖⚍ⱘᑨ࡯ˈ㒬ࠊবᔶ೒
/POST1 ! 䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
END_NODE = NODE (1905,0,0) ! 䗝ᢽ䎱⾏˄1905mm,0,0˅ԡ㕂᳔䖥ⱘ㡖⚍ˈੑৡЎEND_NODE
*GET,STS_E_42,NODE,END_NODE,S,X ! ᦤপ㡖⚍END_NODEⱘXᮍ৥ᑨ࡯SXˈᄬܹব䞣TS_E_42
PLDISP,2 ! ᏺॳᴹ῵ൟ೒䕂ᒧˈᰒ⼎বᔶৢⱘ῵ൟ
MID_NODE = NODE (1270,0,0) ! 䗝ᢽ䎱⾏˄1270mm,0,0˅ԡ㕂᳔䖥ⱘ㡖⚍ˈੑৡЎMID_NODE

161
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

*GET,STS_M_42,NODE,MID_NODE,S,EQV ! ᦤপ㡖⚍MID_NODEԡ㕂ⱘMISESᑨ࡯SEQVˈᄬܹ
ব䞣STS_M_42
PLNSOL,S,X ! ೒ᔶᰒ⼎∈ᑇᮍ৥ⱘℷᑨ࡯ߚᏗ
PLNSOL,S,1 ! ೒ᔶᰒ⼎ᢝᑨ࡯ߚᏗ
PLNSOL,S,3 ! ೒ᔶᰒ⼎य़ᑨ࡯ߚᏗ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
! (6)ᬍ⫼᳈催䰊ⱘᑇ䴶ᑨ࡯ऩ‫ܗ‬PLANE82䞡ᮄ䅵ㅫ
/PREP7 ! ࡴ䕑ࠡ໘⧚῵ഫ
/TITLE, EX4.5, LATERALLY LOADED TAPERED SUPPORT STRUCTURE (QUAD. ELEMENTS)
C*** MECHANICS OF SOLIDS, CRANDALL AND DAHL, 1959, PAGE 342, PROB. 7.18
ET,1,PLANE82,,,3,,,2 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬Ўᏺ८ᑺ˄খ᭄Ā3ā㸼⼎˅ⱘ8㡖⚍ᑇ䴶ᑨ࡯ऩ‫ˈܗ‬
ᠧᓔ㸼䴶㒧ᵰ䕧ߎ˄খ᭄Ā2ā㸼⼎˅ˈҹᦤপЁ䯈㡖⚍ⱘ㒧ᵰ
EMID ! 㒭PLANE82ऩ‫ࡴ⏏ܗ‬Ё䯈㡖⚍
NSEL,R,LOC,X,1905 ! 䗝ᢽX˙1905mmԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍
NSEL,R,LOC,Y,-114.3 ! 䗝ᢽ೎ᅮッ໘ⱘЁ⚍
D,ALL,ALL ! ԡ⿏㑺ᴳ೎ᅮッⱘЁ⚍
NSEL,ALL ! 䗝ᢽ᠔᳝㡖⚍
FINISH ! 䗔ߎࠡ໘⧚῵ഫPREP7
! (7)೼∖㾷῵ഫ∖㾷
/SOLU ! ࡴ䕑∖㾷῵ഫ
SOLVE ! ᓔྟ∖㾷
FINISH ! 䗔ߎ∖㾷῵ഫSOLU
! (8)ᦤপᣛᅮԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍ⱘᑨ࡯䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
/POST1 ! 䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
END_NODE = NODE (1905,0,0) ! 䗝ᢽ䎱⾏˄1905mm,0,0˅ԡ㕂᳔䖥ⱘ㡖⚍ˈੑৡЎEND_NODE
*GET,STS_E_82,NODE,END_NODE,S,X ! ᦤপ㡖⚍END_NODEⱘXᮍ৥ᑨ࡯SXˈᄬܹব䞣TS_E_82
MID_NODE = NODE (1270,0,0) ! 䗝ᢽ䎱⾏˄1270mm,0,0˅ԡ㕂᳔䖥ⱘ㡖⚍ˈੑৡЎMID_NODE
*GET,STS_M_82,NODE,MID_NODE,S,EQV ! ᦤপ㡖⚍MID_NODEԡ㕂ⱘMISESᑨ࡯SEQVˈᄬܹ
ব䞣STS_M_82
PLNSOL,S,X ! ೒ᔶᰒ⼎∈ᑇᮍ৥ⱘℷᑨ࡯ߚᏗ
PLNSOL,S,1 ! ೒ᔶᰒ⼎ᢝᑨ࡯ߚᏗ
PLNSOL,S,3 ! ೒ᔶᰒ⼎य़ᑨ࡯ߚᏗ
! (9) ᅮН᭄㒘ব䞣ˈᇚ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ䗮䖛᭄㒘ব䞣䕧ߎࠄ᭛ӊ
*DIM,LABEL,CHAR,2,2
*DIM,VALUEI,,2,3
*DIM,VALUEII,,2,3
LABEL(1,1) = 'MID_STRS','END-STRS'
LABEL(1,2) = ' (MPa) ',' (MPa) '
*VFILL,VALUEI(1,1),DATA,57.457,51.073
*VFILL,VALUEI(1,2),DATA,STS_M_42,STS_E_42
*VFILL,VALUEI(1,3),DATA,(STS_M_42/57.457),(STS_E_42/51.073)
*VFILL,VALUEII(1,1),DATA,57.457,51.073
*VFILL,VALUEII(1,2),DATA,STS_M_82,STS_E_82
*VFILL,VALUEII(1,3),DATA,(STS_M_82/57.457),(STS_E_82/51.073)

162
 ㄀ゴᅲԧ῵ൟᑨ࡯ߚᵤ

/COM,STS_M_42 = STRESS AT MID-LENGTH USING ELEMENT 42

/COM,STS_E_42 = STRESS AT FIXED END USING ELEMENT 42
/COM,STS_M_82 = STRESS AT MID-LENGTH USING ELEMENT 82
/COM,STS_E_82 = STRESS AT FIXED END USING ELEMENT 82
/COM,
/OUT, EX4_5, out ! ᇚ䕧ߎ‫ݙ‬ᆍ䞡ᅮ৥ࠄ᭛ӊEX4_5.out
/COM,------------------- EX4.5 RESULTS COMPARISON ---------------------
/COM,
/COM,RESULTS FOR PLANE42:
/COM,
/COM, | TARGET | ANSYS | RATIO
*VWRITE,LABEL(1,1),LABEL(1,2),VALUEI(1,1),VALUEI(1,2),VALUEI(1,3)
(1X,A8,A8,' ',F10.3,' ',F10.3,' ',1F5.3)
/COM,
/COM,RESULTS FOR PLANE82:
/COM,
/COM, | TARGET | ANSYS | RATIO
*VWRITE,LABEL(1,1),LABEL(1,2),VALUEII(1,1),VALUEII(1,2),VALUEII(1,3)
(1X,A8,A8,' ',F10.3,' ',F10.3,' ',1F5.3)
/COM,----------------------------------------------------------------
/OUT ! 㒧ᴳ᭄᥂䞡ᅮ৥ˈ݇䯁䕧ߎ᭛ӊ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
*LIST, EX4_5, out ! ߫㸼ᰒ⼎᭛ӊEX4_5.out‫ݙ‬ᆍ

4ˊ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ䅼䆎

䗮䖛Ϟ䴶⿟ᑣˈ䅵ㅫᕫࠄབ㸼4.3᠔⼎ⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰঞ݊੠⧚䆎㾷ⱘ↨䕗DŽҢ㸼Ё᭄᥂ৃ
ҹⳟߎˈPLANE42ऩ‫ⱘܗ‬䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ‫⹂ޚ‬ᑺ≵᳝ PLANE82ऩ‫ܗ‬催DŽ䖭䇈ᯢ8㡖⚍ㄝখऩ‫ܗ‬
PLANE82೼ৠḋⱘऩ‫ܗ‬ሎᇌϟˈ‫݋‬᳝↨4㡖⚍ㄝখऩ‫ܗ‬PLANE42᳈催ⱘ䅵ㅫ‫⹂ޚ‬ᑺDŽ

㸼4.3 ߽⫼ϡৠऩ‫ܗ‬䅵ㅫব៾䴶 㞖ṕ೼ッ䚼䲚Ё࡯԰⫼ϟᑨ࡯㒧ᵰ
PLANE42ऩ‫ܗ‬ ⧚ 䆎 ؐ Ansysؐ ↨ ؐ
Ё䚼᳔໻ᑨ࡯MID_STRS (MPa) 57.457 56.287 0.980
೎ᅮッ᳔໻ᑨ࡯END-STRS (MPa) 51.073 49.305 0.965
PLANE82ऩ‫ܗ‬ ⧚ 䆎 ؐ Ansysؐ ↨ ؐ
Ё䚼᳔໻ᑨ࡯MID_STRS (MPa) 57.457 57.666 1.004
೎ᅮッ᳔໻ᑨ࡯END-STRS (MPa) 51.073 51.083 1.000

↨䕗೒4.61੠೒4.64Ёⱘ᭄᥂ˈৃҹⳟࠄ4㡖⚍ऩ‫ܗ‬PLANE42ⱘ᳔໻ԡ⿏2.48mm↨8㡖
⚍ऩ‫ܗ‬PLANE82ⱘ᳔໻ԡ⿏2.534mm‫أ‬ᇣ2.13%DŽ
Ң∈ᑇᑨ࡯ߚᏗ೒4.61੠೒4.64ˈ᳔໻ᢝᑨ࡯ߚᏗ೒4.62੠೒4.65ˈ᳔໻य़ᑨ࡯ߚᏗ೒
4.63੠೒4.66ৃҹⳟߎDŽ᳔໻ᢝᑨ࡯੠य़ᑨ࡯೼䲚Ё࡯䰘䖥੠∈ᑇᑨ࡯ߚᏗ⬹᳝ϡৠˈ㗠೼
݊ԭⱘ໻䚼ߚऎඳЁˈ䴲ᐌ᥹䖥DŽ䇈ᯢ᳔໻ᢝᑨ࡯੠᳔໻य़ᑨ࡯䛑ᰃ⬅Ѣ∈ᑇᮍ৥ⱘᔃ᳆

163
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ᑨ࡯ᓩ䍋ⱘDŽ

4.6 㒃ᔃ᳆ 㞖᳆ṕⱘѠ㓈䴭࡯ߚᵤ
1/4೚ᓻ↉᳆ṕˈϔッ೎ᅮˈ㞾⬅ッ԰⫼᳝䲚ЁᔃⶽM=11.3Ngmˈ‫ݙ‬ञᕘri =89mmˈ໪
ञᕘro =114mmˈ८ᑺh=25.4mm˄೒4.67˅ˈᔍᗻ῵䞣E=68.95GPaˈᶣᵒ↨ μ = 0.25 DŽ⫼ᑇ
䴶ᑨ࡯ऩ‫ܗ‬PLANE2੠2Dᔍᗻṕऩ‫ܗ‬BEAM3ˈߚ߿⹂ᅮṕ‫ⱘݙ‬᳔໻ᢝᑨ࡯੠᳔໻य़ᑨ࡯DŽ

೒4.67  㞖᳆ṕⱘ㒃ᔃ᳆䴭࡯ߚᵤ ೒4.68  㞖᳆ṕⱘ㒃ᔃ᳆ߚᵤⱘ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟ

1ˊ⧚䆎㾷

(1) ಁՇ࿫ॏ‫ۆ‬೴ē௲Շ࿫ॏ‫ד‬२d
᳆ṕᑨ࡯䅵ㅫৃҹᣝ✻ᔍᗻ࡯ᄺЁⱘ䕈ᇍ⿄䯂乬ᴹ∖㾷DŽ‫؛ܜ‬䆒ϔϾাϢञᕘ᳝݇ⱘ
[1]˖82
ᑨ࡯ߑ᭄ˈᕫࠄাࣙ৿ r ⱘⳌᆍᮍ⿟ˈ䆹Ⳍᆍᮍ⿟‫݋‬᳝䗮㾷˖
ϕ (r ) = A ln r + Br 2 ln r + Cr 2 + D (4.44)
⬅ℸৃҹᕫࠄ৘Ͼᑨ࡯ߚ䞣㾷ᵤ㸼䖒ᓣˈձ᥂᳆ṕ೼‫ݙ‬໪㸼䴶੠ッ䚼ⱘᑨ࡯䖍⬠ᴵӊˈ
ৃҹᚳϔⱘ⹂ᅮߎ݊Ёⱘ⿃ߚᐌ᭄DŽ᳔㒜㦋ᕫ᳆ṕ㒃ᔃ᳆ⱘᑨ࡯ߚᏗ݀ᓣ䛁⋯᭛㾷
ㄨ:[1]:92
4M ⎛ b2 b r b2 b ⎞
σr = ⎜ ln + ln − 2 ln ⎟ (4.45)
Na 2 ⎝ a 2 r a r a⎠
4M ⎛ b2 b2 b r b2 b ⎞
σ θ = − 2 ⎜ 2 −1 − 2 ln − ln − 2 ln ⎟ (4.46)
Na ⎝ a a r a r a⎠
τ rθ = τ θ r = 0 (4.47)
݊Ё
2 2
⎛ b2 ⎞ b2 ⎛ b ⎞
N = ⎜ 2 − 1⎟ − 4 2 ⎜ ln ⎟
⎝a ⎠ a ⎝ a⎠
(2) ௲ՇᆫӖ࿫ॏd
ᇚॳྟ᭄᥂‫ݙ‬ञᕘa=ri =0.009mˈ໪ञᕘb=ro =0.1mmˈᑇഛࠄऩԡ८ᑺϞ䴶ⱘᔃⶽ
M=M/h=11.3/0.0245=444.9Ngm/mˈҷܹϞ䴶݀ᓣˈ䅵ㅫߎ˖
2 2 2 2
⎛ b2 ⎞ b 2 ⎛ b ⎞ ⎛ 114 2 ⎞ 1142 ⎛ 114 ⎞
N = ⎜ 2 − 1⎟ − 4 2 ⎜ ln ⎟ = ⎜ 2 − 1⎟ − 4 × 2 × ⎜ ln ⎟ = 0.0082843
⎝a ⎠ a ⎝ a ⎠ ⎝ 89 ⎠ 89 ⎝ 89 ⎠ mm

164
 ㄀ゴᅲԧ῵ൟᑨ࡯ߚᵤ

‫ݙ‬ջⱘ᳔໻ᔃ᳆ᢝᑨ࡯Ў˖
4M ⎛ b2 b2 b ⎞
(σ θ ) r =a = ⎜ − 1 − 2 ln ⎟
Na 2 ⎜⎝ a 2 a 2 a ⎟⎠
(4.48)
4 × 444.9 ⎛ 114 2
⎜ 114 2 114 ⎞⎟
= −1− 2× ln = −4. 655MPa
0. 0082843 × 0.089 2 ⎜⎝ 89 2 89 2 89 ⎟⎠
໪ջⱘ᳔໻ᔃ᳆य़ᑨ࡯Ў˖
4M ⎛ b 2 b⎞
(σ θ ) r =b = ⎜
2 ⎜ 2
− 1 − 2 ln ⎟⎟
Na ⎝ a a⎠
(4.49)
4 × 444.9 ⎛ 114 2 ⎞
= ⎜ 2 − 1 − 2 × ln 114 ⎟ = 3.948MPa
2 ⎜
0.0082843 × 0. 089 ⎝ 89 89 ⎟⎠

2ˊANSYSߚᵤ

㞾⬅ッ໘ⱘ䲚Ё࡯‫ي‬ᰃ䗮䖛ϸϾⳌѦᑇ㸠ˈ໻ᇣⳌㄝᮍ৥Ⳍডⱘ䲚Ё࡯ᴹᮑࡴⱘ˄೒
4.68˅DŽЎњ⍜䰸䖭ϸϾ䲚Ё࡯ᇍ᳆ṕᅲԧሔ䚼ⱘᑨ࡯䲚Ёˈ䗮䖛೼᳆ṕⱘ㞾⬅ッ䆒㕂ϔ
↉ᔃ᳆߮ᑺᕜ໻ⱘṕᴹᅲ⦄ⱘDŽ䖭Ͼṕⱘ៾䴶޴ԩখ᭄ৃҹӏᛣ䗝ᢽˈϡӮᇍ᳆ṕⱘᑨ࡯
ߚᏗѻ⫳ᯢᰒᕅડDŽԚᰃṕⱘᔃ᳆߮ᑺሑৃ㛑໻ϔѯˈҹഛࣔӴ䗦䲚Ё࡯‫ي‬DŽ
᳆ṕ‫ݙ‬໪ϸջⱘ⦃৥ᑨ࡯ৃҹ೼ৢ໘⧚῵ഫˋPOST1Ёˈ䗮䖛䗝ᢽ‫ݙ‬ջ੠໪ջⱘ㡖⚍
ᴹᦤপⱘDŽ䳔㽕⊼ᛣⱘᰃ˖ᦤপᯊ䎱⾏㞾⬅ッ䰘䖥ⱘᑨ࡯ᰃϡ‫ˈⱘ⹂ޚ‬಴Ў᳝䲚Ё࡯ⱘᑨ
࡯䲚ЁᕅડDŽϟ䴶㒭ߎᅠ៤ߚᵤⱘЏ㽕ℹ偸੠䇈ᯢDŽ
(1) ಁᄢٝё༪ົēՇ࿌‫ד‬๥फ໸cӦ၍फ໸ۤϫॸϵ೴d
⫼ߚᵤ㉏ൟᅮНੑҸĀANTYPE,STATICāᅮНߚᵤ㉏ൟЎ䴭࡯ߚᵤDŽ⫼ऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟᅮ
НੑҸĀET,1,PLANE2,,,3āᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬Ўᏺ८ᑺⱘᑇ䴶ᑨ࡯ऩ‫ܗ‬PLANE2ˈ䆹ऩ‫ܗ‬㽕⫼
Ѣ᳆ṕᅲԧ῵ൟDŽ⫼ĀET,2,BEAM3āᅮН㄀2㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬Ў2Dᔍᗻṕऩ‫ܗ‬BEAM3ˈ䆹ऩ‫⫼ܗ‬
Ѣ᳆ṕ㞾⬅ッⱘⳈ㒓ṕDŽ
⫼ᅲᐌ᭄ᅮНੑҸĀR,1,25.4āᅮН㄀1㉏ᅲᐌ᭄ˈ᳆ṕऩ‫ⱘܗ‬८ᑺ25.4mmDŽ⫼ĀR,2,1,1,1ā
ᅮН㄀2㉏ᅲᐌ᭄˖ṕⱘ៾䴶⿃ᰃ1ˈᛃᗻⶽᰃ1ˈ催ᑺᰃ1DŽ䖭ѯؐৃҹপ݊Ҫӏᛣሑৃ㛑
໻ⱘؐˈᇍ᳆ṕⱘᑨ࡯䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰᕅડϡ໻DŽ
⫼ᴤ᭭খ᭄ᅮНੑҸĀMP,EX,1,68950āᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EX = 68.95 GPaˈ
⫼ĀMP,NUXY,1,0.25āᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨NUXY=0.25DŽ
(2) ၽᅘᆵγຂՇ࿌ௗॣ౨ԅ4ّ‫ߏڑ‬Ԥēᆑဎժԅᄐຬēඹ‫ڶ‬ຬӦ၍‫דܣ‬ಓюॣӦ၍d
⫼തᷛ㋏ᅮНੑҸĀCSYS,1āߛᤶࠄ᷅തᷛ㋏DŽ⫼݇䬂⚍ᅮНੑҸĀK,1,89ā೼തᷛ
(89mmˈ0)ԡ㕂ᅮН㄀1Ͼ݇䬂⚍DŽ⫼ĀK,2,89,90ā೼᷅തᷛ(89mmˈ90ᑺ)໘ᅮН㄀2Ͼ݇
䬂⚍DŽ⫼㡖⚍⫳៤ੑҸĀKGEN,2,1,2,1,25.4āᕾ⦃2⃵ˈᣝ✻1োࠄ2ো㡖⚍ˈ๲䞣Ў1ⱘ㡖
⚍㣗ೈˈ↣Ͼ㡖⚍ⱘञᕘതᷛ๲ࡴ25.4mmৢ⫳៤3ো㡖⚍੠4ো㡖⚍DŽ
⫼㒓ᅮНੑҸĀL,2,4ā䖛2ো㡖⚍੠4ো㡖⚍ᅮН᳆ṕ㞾⬅ッ㒓ԡ㕂ⱘⳈ㒓ˈҹᅮН䖭
䞠ⱘ߮ᗻṕऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ⫼㒓ऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬ሎᇌᅮНੑҸĀLESIZE,1,,,4āᣛᅮ߮ᠡᅮНⱘ1ো㒓ⱘऩ
‫↉ߚߦܗ‬᭄Ў4DŽ
⫼ऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟߛᤶੑҸĀTYPE,2āߛᤶऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟЎ㄀2㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬2Dᔍᗻṕऩ‫ܗ‬BEAM3ˈ⫼

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ᅲᐌ᭄ߛᤶੑҸĀREAL,2āߛᤶᅲᐌ᭄㉏ൟЎ㄀2㉏ṕⱘᅲᐌ᭄DŽ⫼㒓ऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬ੑҸ
ĀLMESH,1āᇚ1ো㒓ߦߚЎṕऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ
(3) ‫ߏڑڶ‬ԤՇ࿌ௗॣԅઝෳЇၕ‫ܖ‬ຬē‫ڶ‬ԤՇ࿌ௗॣੋ௕့ēੋӦ၍‫܊דܣ‬ԄӾပ
ຫ၍੦໸d
⫼㒓ᅮНੑҸĀL,1,2ā䖛݇䬂⚍1ˈ2ᅮН᳆ṕ᠔೼ⱘ‫ݙ‬ᓻ㒓ˈ⫼㒓ऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬ሎᇌᅮН
ੑҸĀLESIZE,2,,,25āᣛᅮ߮ᠡᅮНⱘ2ো೚ᓻ㒓ⱘऩ‫↉ߚߦܗ‬᭄Ў25DŽ
⫼ĀL,3,4ā䖛3ো㡖⚍੠4ো㡖⚍ᅮН᳆ṕ᠔೼ⱘ໪ᓻ㒓ˈ⫼ĀLESIZE,3,,,25āᣛᅮ߮
ᠡᅮНⱘ3ো㒓ⱘऩ‫↉ߚߦܗ‬᭄Ў25DŽ
⫼ऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬ሎᇌᅮНੑҸĀESIZE,,4āᣛᅮऩ‫↉ߚߦܗ‬᭄Ў4DŽ⫼䴶ᅮНੑҸĀA,1,2,4,3ā
䖛㡖⚍1,2,4੠3ᅮН䴶DŽ⫼䴶ऩ‫ܗ‬ሲᗻੑҸĀAATT,1,1,1āᇚ㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭খ᭄ˈ㄀1㉏ᅲᐌ᭄
੠㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬ㄝሲᗻ䌟ؐ㒭ࠡ䴶ᅮНⱘ䴶 DŽЎњ㛑᳈⏙᱄ഄᰒ⼎ऩ‫ⱘৢߚߦܗ‬ᔶ⢊ˈ⫼
Ā/DEVICE,VECTOR,1āᠧᓔⶶ䞣೒ᰒ⼎ᓔ݇ˈ֓Ѣऩ‫ܗ‬㔥Ḑⱘᰒ⼎DŽ
⫼䴶ऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬ੑҸĀAMESH,1āᇍ1ো䴶ᠻ㸠䴶ऩ‫ˈߚߦܗ‬ᕫࠄབ೒4.69᠔⼎ⱘ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬
῵ൟDŽ

೒4.69 ⫼㞾ᑩ৥Ϟⱘᓎ῵ᮍ⊩ᓎゟⱘ 㞖᳆ṕ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟ

(4) ඹ‫ߏڑڶ‬ԤՇ࿌สྭၟ೯ۤ۠ၻd
⫼ᮟ䕀㡖⚍തᷛ㋏ੑҸĀNROTAT,ALLāᇚ᠔᳝㡖⚍ⱘ㡖⚍തᷛ㋏ᮟ䕀ࠄᔧࠡⱘ᷅ത
ᷛ㋏ᮍ৥DŽ
⫼݇䬂⚍ԡ㑺ᴳੑҸĀDK,1,ALL,,,1ā㑺ᴳ㄀1Ͼ݇䬂⚍ⱘ᠔᳝ԡ⿏㞾⬅ᑺˈᑊᣛᅮЎ
㑺ᴳሩᓔ⚍˄⫼খ᭄Ā1ā㸼⼎˅DŽ⫼ĀDK,3,UY,,,1ā㑺ᴳ㄀3Ͼ݇䬂⚍ⱘUY⦃৥㞾⬅ᑺˈ
ᑊᣛᅮЎ㑺ᴳሩᓔ⚍DŽ⫼݇䬂⚍㥋䕑ᅮНੑҸĀFK,2,FY, 452ā೼㄀2ো݇䬂⚍ⱘ⦃৥䗚ᯊ
䩜ᮍ৥ᮑࡴ䲚Ё࡯452Nˈ⫼ĀFK,4,FY, 452ā೼㄀4ো݇䬂⚍ⱘ⦃৥乎ᯊ䩜ᮍ৥ᮑࡴ䲚Ё
࡯452N˄೒4.70˅DŽ
(5) ࠩదௐࠓ੦ࣖௐࠓd

166
 ㄀ゴᅲԧ῵ൟᑨ࡯ߚᵤ

೒4.70 ⫼㞾ᑩ৥Ϟⱘᓎ῵ᮍ⊩ᓎゟⱘ 㞖᳆ṕ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟ

(6) ၽ‫҉܊‬स੦ࣖᄯມವᄗՇࠒԤสᄢԅ࿫ॏ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ڴ‬d
⫼ĀRSYS,1āᇚ㒧ᵰതᷛ㋏ߛᤶࠄ᷅തᷛ㋏DŽ⫼㡖⚍䗝ᢽੑҸĀNSEL,R,LOC,X,89ā
䗝ᢽ᳆ṕ‫ݙ‬ջR=89mmԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍ˈ⫼ĀNSEL,U,LOC,Y,90āপ⍜䗝ᢽ᳆ṕ㞾⬅ッY=90ᑺ
ⱘ㡖⚍ˈ䖭ḋህᕫࠄϡࣙ৿㞾⬅ッ㡖⚍ⱘ㡖⚍䗝ᢽ䲚DŽԚᰃҢ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ䖬ৃҹⳟߎˈ䎱⾏
㞾⬅ッ䰘䖥ⱘ㡖⚍ᑨ࡯䖬ᰃ੠݊Ҫԡ㕂ϡৠDŽ⫼߫㸼ᰒ⼎㡖⚍㒧ᵰੑҸ
ĀPRNSOL,S,COMPā߫㸼ᰒ⼎㒧⚍ᑨ࡯䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰˈᕫࠄབ㸼4.5᠔⼎ⱘ㒧ᵰDŽ㸼Ёⱘ໻䚼ߚ
⦃৥ᑨ࡯ؐ䛑೼4.56MPa䰘䖥ˈᇥ᭄⚍ߎ⦄4.57MPaˈ54ো㡖⚍ߎ⦄њ䴲ᐌ催ⱘᑨ࡯ؐˈ䖭
ᰃ಴Ў54ো㡖⚍ᕜ᥹䖥Ѣ㞾⬅ッ᠔㟈DŽ

㸼4.5 㒃ᔃ᳆ 㞖᳆ṕ‫ݙ‬ջ㡖⚍ⱘ⦃৥ᑨ࡯
㡖⚍ো ᕘ৥ᑨ࡯SX ⦃৥ᑨ࡯SY SZ SXY SYZ SXZ
6 0.10582E-01 4.5713 0.0000 0.13254E-01 0.0000 0.0000
8 0.56352E-02 4.5731 0.0000 0.51588E-02 0.0000 0.0000
10 0.12059E-01 4.5687 0.0000 0.21053E-02 0.0000 0.0000
12 0.15310E-01 4.5635 0.0000 0.15479E-02 0.0000 0.0000
14 0.15838E-01 4.5617 0.0000 0.31361E-03 0.0000 0.0000
16 0.16020E-01 4.5617 0.0000 0.10402E-03 0.0000 0.0000
18 0.15993E-01 4.5616 0.0000 0.12535E-03 0.0000 0.0000
20 0.16003E-01 4.5616 0.0000 0.10795E-03 0.0000 0.0000
22 0.16012E-01 4.5616 0.0000 0.65863E-04 0.0000 0.0000
24 0.16016E-01 4.5616 0.0000 0.22958E-04 0.0000 0.0000
26 0.16072E-01 4.5616 0.0000 0.58829E-04 0.0000 0.0000
28 0.16142E-01 4.5615 0.0000 0.15661E-03 0.0000 0.0000

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˄㓁˅
㡖⚍ো ᕘ৥ᑨ࡯SX ⦃৥ᑨ࡯SY SZ SXY SYZ SXZ
30 0.16142E-01 4.5614 0.0000 0.22659E-03 0.0000 0.0000
32 0.16168E-01 4.5613 0.0000 0.23015E-03 0.0000 0.0000
34 0.16232E-01 4.5612 0.0000 0.15298E-03 0.0000 0.0000
36 0.16237E-01 4.5612 0.0000 0.22693E-04 0.0000 0.0000
38 0.16183E-01 4.5613 0.0000 0.55086E-04 0.0000 0.0000
40 0.16115E-01 4.5614 0.0000 0.74300E-04 0.0000 0.0000
42 0.16083E-01 4.5615 0.0000 0.56475E-04 0.0000 0.0000
44 0.16045E-01 4.5617 0.0000 0.33909E-04 0.0000 0.0000
46 0.15739E-01 4.5615 0.0000 0.37077E-03 0.0000 0.0000
48 0.13723E-01 4.5609 0.0000 0.21141E-02 0.0000 0.0000
50 0.57796E-02 4.5798 0.0000 0.16667E-02 0.0000 0.0000
52 0.11286E-01 4.8241 0.0000 0.44823E-01 0.0000 0.0000
54ˆ 0.12359 6.3292 0.0000 0.37938 0.0000 0.0000
ˆ㸼Ёⱘ54ো㡖⚍೼㞾⬅ッ䰘䖥ˈ಴㗠ߎ⦄њ䕗催ⱘᑨ࡯ؐDŽ

⫼㡖⚍㒧ᵰᥦᑣੑҸĀNSORT,S,Yāᇚ㡖⚍䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰᣝ⦃৥ᑨ࡯SYⱘ໻ᇣᥦᑣDŽ⫼㒧
ᵰ ᦤ প ੑ ҸĀ *GET,SI,SORT,,MAX ā ᦤ প ᥦ ᑣ ৢ ⱘ ᳔ ໻ ⦃ ৥ ᑨ ࡯ˈ ᄬ ܹ ব 䞣SIDŽ ⫼
ĀNSEL,ALLā䗝ᢽ᠔᳝㡖⚍DŽ
⫼㡖⚍䗝ᢽੑҸĀNSEL,R,LOC,X,114ā䗝ᢽ᳆ṕ໪ջR=114mmⱘ㡖⚍ˈ⫼ĀNSEL,U,
LOC, Y,90āপ⍜䗝ᢽ᳆ṕ㞾⬅ッY=90ᑺⱘ㡖⚍ˈᕫࠄϡࣙ৿㞾⬅ッ㡖⚍ⱘ᳆ṕ໪ջⱘ᠔
᳝㡖⚍䗝ᢽ䲚DŽ⫼߫㸼ᰒ⼎㒧⚍㒧ᵰੑҸĀPRNSOL,S,COMPā߫㸼ᰒ⼎㒧⚍ᑨ࡯䅵ㅫ㒧
ᵰˈᕫࠄབ㸼4.6᠔⼎ⱘ㒧ᵰDŽ

㸼4.6 㒃ᔃ᳆ 㞖᳆ṕ໪ջ㡖⚍ⱘᔃ᳆य़ᑨ࡯
㡖⚍ো ᕘ৥ᑨ࡯SX ⦃৥ᑨ࡯SY SZ SXY SYZ SXZ
56 0.61219E-02 3.8936 0.0000 0.52335E-02 0.0000 0.0000
58 0.40826E-02 3.8943 0.0000 0.31282E-02 0.0000 0.0000
60 0.81958E-02 3.8975 0.0000 0.11906E-02 0.0000 0.0000
62 0.87792E-02 3.8997 0.0000 0.48651E-03 0.0000 0.0000
64 0.83792E-02 3.8987 0.0000 0.92934E-03 0.0000 0.0000
66 0.78343E-02 3.8978 0.0000 0.11497E-03 0.0000 0.0000
68 0.77662E-02 3.8977 0.0000 0.53777E-04 0.0000 0.0000
70 0.77382E-02 3.8976 0.0000 0.26051E-04 0.0000 0.0000
72 0.77357E-02 3.8976 0.0000 0.17816E-04 0.0000 0.0000
74 0.77750E-02 3.8977 0.0000 0.77014E-04 0.0000 0.0000
76 0.78477E-02 3.8979 0.0000 0.13038E-03 0.0000 0.0000
78 0.79143E-02 3.8980 0.0000 0.90224E-05 0.0000 0.0000

168
 ㄀ゴᅲԧ῵ൟᑨ࡯ߚᵤ

˄㓁˅
㡖⚍ো ᕘ৥ᑨ࡯SX ⦃৥ᑨ࡯SY SZ SXY SYZ SXZ
80 0.81110E-02 3.8985 0.0000 0.50795E-03 0.0000 0.0000
82 0.82552E-02 3.8990 0.0000 0.33810E-04 0.0000 0.0000
84 0.81688E-02 3.8987 0.0000 0.17752E-03 0.0000 0.0000
86 0.78867E-02 3.8980 0.0000 0.61443E-03 0.0000 0.0000
88 0.76776E-02 3.8975 0.0000 0.44844E-04 0.0000 0.0000
90 0.77305E-02 3.8976 0.0000 0.12780E-03 0.0000 0.0000
92 0.78412E-02 3.8978 0.0000 0.16058E-03 0.0000 0.0000
94 0.79284E-02 3.8979 0.0000 0.93095E-04 0.0000 0.0000
96 0.11692E-01 3.8806 0.0000 0.56611E-02 0.0000 0.0000

⫼ĀNSORT,S,Yāᇚ㡖⚍䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰᣝ⦃৥ᑨ࡯SYᥦᑣDŽ⫼㒧ᵰᦤপੑҸĀ*GET, SO,
SORT,,MINāᦤপᥦᑣৢⱘ᳔ᇣ⦃৥ᑨ࡯ˈᄬܹব䞣SODŽ⫼Ā/DEVICE,VECTOR,0ā݇䯁
ⶶ䞣೒ᰒ⼎ᓔ݇ˈ֓Ѣ㡖⚍ᑨ࡯㡆ᑺ೒ⱘᰒ⼎DŽ⫼೒ᔶᰒ⼎㡖⚍㒧ᵰੑҸĀPLNSOL,S,Yā
೒ᔶᰒ⼎⦃৥ᑨ࡯ߚᏗˈᕫࠄབ೒4.71᠔⼎ⱘ⦃৥ᑨ࡯ߚᏗ೒DŽҢ೒Ёৃҹⳟߎˈ೼㞾⬅
ッ䰘䖥ˈ㱑✊᳝ϔ↉ṕऩ‫ܗ‬ᴹ⍜䰸䲚Ё࡯ⱘሔ䚼ᕅડˈԚᰃҡ✊ߎ⦄њሔ䚼ⱘ催ᑨ࡯ߚᏗDŽ

೒4.71 㒃ᔃ᳆ 㞖᳆ṕⱘ⦃৥ᑨ࡯ߚᏗ೒

Ўњ㾖ᆳ䖰⾏㞾⬅ッऎඳⱘ⦃৥ᑨ࡯ߚᏗˈৃҹ೼೒ᔶ⬠䴶Ϟ䗝ᢽབ೒4.72᠔⼎ⱘ㡖
⚍੠ऩ‫ˈܗ‬ৠḋ⫼ĀPLNSOL,S,Yāৃҹᰒ⼎⦃৥ᑨ࡯ߚᏗDŽℸᯊⱘᑨ࡯ߚᏗ੠㒃ᔃ᳆ⱘᑨ
࡯ߚᏗ⡍ᕕϔ㟈DŽ೒Ёᰒ⼎‫ݙ‬ջⱘ᳔໻ᢝᑨ࡯Ў4.573MPaˈ໪ջⱘ᳔໻य़ᑨ࡯Ў3.9MPaDŽ
(7)Շ࿌೴ᆦēߜ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ͬڴ‬ӉӾำߑd

169
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

೒4.72 䖰⾏㞾⬅ッ䲚Ё࡯‫ي‬ऎඳⱘ㒃ᔃ᳆ 㞖᳆ṕⱘ⦃৥ᑨ࡯ߚᏗ೒

3ˊANSYS⿟ᑣ

FINISH ! 䗔ߎҹࠡ῵ഫ
/CLEAR, NOSTART ! ⏙䰸᭄᥂ˈϡࡴ䕑߱ྟ࣪᭛ӊ
! (1)䆒㕂Ꮉ⿟䗝乍ˈᅮНߚᵤ㉏ൟǃऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟ੠ᴤ᭭খ᭄
/FileName,EX4.6 ! ᅮНᎹ⿟᭛ӊৡ⿄
/PREP7 ! ࡴ䕑ࠡ໘⧚῵ഫ
smrt,off ! ݇䯁ᱎ㛑࣪ࡳ㛑
/TITLE, EX4.6, BENDING OF A CURVED BEAM
C*** THEORY OF ELASTICITY, TIMOSHENKO & GOODIER, 3RD ED., P.78
ANTYPE,STATIC ! ᅮНߚᵤ㉏ൟЎ䴭࡯ߚᵤ
ET,1,PLANE2,,,3 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬Ўᏺ८ᑺⱘᑇ䴶ᑨ࡯ऩ‫ܗ‬PLANE2
ET,2,BEAM3 ! ᅮН㄀2㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬Ў2Dᔍᗻṕऩ‫ܗ‬BEAM3
R,1,25.4 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᅲᐌ᭄,ऩ‫ܗ‬८ᑺ25.4mm
R,2,1.0,1E6,1.0 ! ᅮН㄀2㉏ᅲᐌ᭄, ṕⱘ៾䴶⿃ᰃ1.0, ᛃᗻⶽᰃ1E6, 催ᑺᰃ1.0
MP,EX,1,68950 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EX = 68.95 GPa
MP,NUXY,1,0.25 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨NUXY˙0.25
! (2)೼᷅തᷛ㋏ϟᅮН᳆ṕϞⱘ4Ͼ݇䬂⚍,㞾⬅ッ໘ⱘ㒓,䗮䖛㒓ऩ‫⫳ߚߦܗ‬៤ṕऩ‫ܗ‬
CSYS,1 ! ߛᤶࠄ᷅തᷛ㋏
K,1,89 ! ೼തᷛ(89mmˈ0)໘ᅮН㄀1Ͼ݇䬂⚍
K,2,89,90 ! ೼തᷛ(89mmˈ90ᑺ)໘ᅮН㄀2Ͼ݇䬂⚍
KGEN,2,1,2,1,25.4 ! ᕾ⦃2⃵,ᣝ✻1োࠄ2ো㡖⚍,๲䞣Ў1ⱘ㡖⚍㣗ೈ,↣Ͼ㡖⚍ⱘञᕘതᷛ๲
ࡴ25.4mm,⫳៤3ো㡖⚍੠4ো㡖⚍.
L,2,4 ! 䖛2ো㡖⚍੠4ো㡖⚍ᅮН㒓,ҹᅮН߮ᗻṕऩ‫ܗ‬
LESIZE,1,,,4 ! ᣛᅮ1ো㒓ⱘऩ‫↉ߚߦܗ‬᭄Ў4
TYPE,2 ! ߛᤶऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟЎ㄀2㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬2Dᔍᗻṕऩ‫ܗ‬BEAM3

170
 ㄀ゴᅲԧ῵ൟᑨ࡯ߚᵤ

REAL,2 ! ߛᤶᅲᐌ᭄㉏ൟЎ㄀2㉏ṕⱘᅲᐌ᭄
LMESH,1 ! ᇚ1ো㒓ߦߚЎṕऩ‫ܗ‬
! (3)䖛݇䬂⚍ᅮН᳆ṕⱘ‫ݙ‬ջ੠໪ջ೚ᓻ㒓ˈ䖛⚍ᅮН᳆ṕ䴶ऎඳˈ䴶ऩ‫ৢߚߦܗ‬ᕫࠄ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟ
L,1,2 ! 䖛݇䬂⚍1,2ᅮН᳆ṕ᠔೼ⱘ‫ݙ‬ᓻ㒓
LESIZE,2,,,25 ! ᣛᅮ2ো೚ᓻ㒓ⱘऩ‫↉ߚߦܗ‬᭄Ў25
L,3,4 ! 䖛3ো㡖⚍੠4ো㡖⚍ᅮН᳆ṕ᠔೼ⱘ໪ᓻ㒓
LESIZE,3,,,25 ! ᣛᅮ3ো㒓ⱘऩ‫↉ߚߦܗ‬᭄Ў25
ESIZE,,4 ! ᣛᅮऩ‫↉ߚߦܗ‬᭄Ў4
A,1,2,4,3 ! 䖛㡖⚍1,2,4੠3ᅮН䴶
AATT,1,1,1 ! ᇚ㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭খ᭄,㄀1㉏ᅲᐌ᭄੠㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬ㄝሲᗻ䌟ؐ㒭ࠡ䴶ᅮНⱘ䴶
/DEVICE,VECTOR,1 ! ᠧᓔⶶ䞣೒ᰒ⼎ᓔ݇,֓Ѣऩ‫ܗ‬㔥Ḑⱘᰒ⼎
AMESH,1 ! ᇍ1ো䴶ᠻ㸠ऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬
! (4)䗮䖛݇䬂⚍ᅮНԡ⿏㑺ᴳ੠㥋䕑
NROTAT,ALL ! ᇚ᠔᳝㡖⚍ⱘ㡖⚍തᷛ㋏ᮟ䕀ࠄ᷅തᷛ㋏ᮍ৥
DK,1,ALL,,,1 ! 㑺ᴳ㄀1Ͼ݇䬂⚍ⱘ᠔᳝㞾⬅ᑺ,ᑊᣛᅮЎ㑺ᴳሩᓔ⚍
DK,3,UY,,,1 ! 㑺ᴳ㄀3Ͼ݇䬂⚍ⱘUY⦃৥㞾⬅ᑺ,ᑊᣛᅮЎ㑺ᴳሩᓔ⚍
FK,2,FY,452 ! ೼㄀2ো݇䬂⚍ⱘ⦃৥䗚ᯊ䩜ᮍ৥ᮑࡴ䲚Ё࡯452N
FK,4,FY,-452 ! ೼㄀4ো݇䬂⚍ⱘ⦃৥乎ᯊ䩜ᮍ৥ᮑࡴ䲚Ё࡯452N
FINISH ! 䗔ߎࠡ໘⧚῵ഫPREP7
! (5)䖯ܹ∖㾷῵ഫ∖㾷
/SOLU ! ࡴ䕑∖㾷῵ഫ
SOLVE ! ᓔྟ∖㾷
FINISH ! 䗔ߎ∖㾷῵ഫSOLU
! (6)೼ৢ໘⧚῵ഫЁᰒ⼎ᣛᅮ㒧⚍ԡ㕂ⱘᑨ࡯䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
/POST1 ! 䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
RSYS,1 ! ᇚ㒧ᵰതᷛ㋏ߛᤶࠄ᷅തᷛ㋏
NSEL,R,LOC,X,89 ! 䗝ᢽ᳆ṕ‫ݙ‬ջR˙89mmԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍
NSEL,U,LOC,Y,90 ! প⍜䗝ᢽ᳆ṕ㞾⬅ッY˙90ᑺⱘ㡖⚍
PRNSOL,S,COMP ! ߫㸼ᰒ⼎᳆ṕ‫ݙ‬ջ㒧⚍ᑨ࡯䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
NSORT,S,Y ! ᇚ㡖⚍䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰᣝ᳆ṕ‫ݙ‬ջ⦃৥ᑨ࡯SYᥦᑣ
*GET,SI,SORT,,MAX ! ᦤপᥦᑣৢⱘ᳔໻⦃৥ᑨ࡯,ᄬܹব䞣SI
NSEL,ALL ! 䗝ᢽ᠔᳝㡖⚍
NSEL,R,LOC,X,114 ! 䗝ᢽ᳆ṕ໪ջR˙114mmⱘ㡖⚍
NSEL,U,LOC,Y,90 ! প⍜䗝ᢽ᳆ṕ㞾⬅ッY˙90ᑺⱘ㡖⚍
PRNSOL,S,COMP ! ߫㸼ᰒ⼎᳆ṕ໪ջ㒧⚍ᑨ࡯䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
NSORT,S,Y ! ᇚ㡖⚍䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰᣝ᳆ṕ໪ջ⦃৥ᑨ࡯SYᥦᑣ
*GET,SO,SORT,,MIN ! ᦤপᥦᑣৢⱘ᳔ᇣ⦃৥ᑨ࡯,ᄬܹব䞣SO
/DEVICE,VECTOR,0 ! ݇䯁ⶶ䞣೒ᰒ⼎ᓔ݇,֓Ѣ㡖⚍ᑨ࡯㡆ᑺ೒ⱘᰒ⼎
PLNSOL,S,Y ! ೒ᔶᰒ⼎⦃৥ᑨ࡯ߚᏗ
! (7)ᅮН᭄㒘ˈᇚ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰֱᄬࠄ᭛ӊ
*DIM,LABEL,CHAR,2,2 ! ᅮН2ˆ2ⱘᄫヺൟ᭄㒘LABEL
*DIM,VALUE,,2,3 ! ᅮН2ˆ3ⱘ᭄ؐൟ᭄㒘VALUE

171
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

LABEL(1,1) = 'INR STR ','OTR STR '

LABEL(1,2) = '(MPa)','(MPa)'
*VFILL,VALUE(1,1),DATA,4.655,-3.948
*VFILL,VALUE(1,2),DATA,SI,SO
*VFILL,VALUE(1,3),DATA,ABS(SI/4.655),ABS(SO/3.948)
/COM
/OUT, EX4_6, out ! ᇚ䕧ߎ‫ݙ‬ᆍ䞡ᅮ৥ࠄ᭛ӊEX4_6.out
/COM,------------------- EX4.6 RESULTS COMPARISON -------------
/COM,
/COM, | TARGET | ANSYS | RATIO
/COM,
*VWRITE,LABEL(1,1),LABEL(1,2),VALUE(1,1),VALUE(1,2),VALUE(1,3)
(1X,A8,A8,' ',F10.3,' ',F10.3,' ',1F5.3)
/COM,----------------------------------------------------------
/OUT ! 㒧ᴳ᭄᥂䞡ᅮ৥ˈ݇䯁䕧ߎ᭛ӊ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
*LIST, EX4_6, out ! ߫㸼ᰒ⼎᭛ӊEX4_6.outⱘ‫ݙ‬ᆍ

4ˊ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ䅼䆎

߽⫼Ϟ䴶⿟ᑣ䅵ㅫᕫࠄབ㸼4.6᠔⼎ⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰঞ݊Ϣ⧚䆎㾷ⱘ↨䕗DŽৃҹⳟߎˈ䖭ѯ
ؐԐТ᳝ѯ䯂乬ˈ䇃Ꮒད‫ڣ‬ϡӮ䙷М໻DŽॳ಴ᰃҢ㸼4.5ৃҹⳟߎ‫ݙ‬ջ㡖⚍ⱘ⦃৥ᑨ࡯໻໮
ᰃ೼4.56MPaࠄ4.57MPaП䯈ˈԚᰃ㸼4.6ⱘ㒧ᵰैᦤপࠄњ6.329MPaDŽৠḋ㸼4.6ᰒ⼎᳆ṕ
໪ջⱘ᳔໻य़ᑨ࡯໻䚼ߚߎ⦄೼ 3.88MPaࠄ3.89MPaП䯈ˈԚᰃ㸼4.6ⱘ㒧ᵰैᦤপࠄњ
5.555MPaDŽ䖭䛑ᰃ಴Ўṕⱘ߮ᑺϡ䎇ҹ᳝ᬜഛࣔӴ䗦䲚Ё࡯‫ⱘي‬㓬ᬙDŽ

㸼4.6  㞖᳆ṕⱘ㒃ᔃ᳆䴭࡯ߚᵤᑨ࡯䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰঞ݊Ϣ⧚䆎㾷ⱘ↨䕗
᳔໻ᑨ࡯ ⧚ 䆎 ؐ Ansysؐ ↨ ؐ
‫ݙ‬ջ᳔໻⦃৥ᢝᑨ࡯INR STR (MPa) 4.655 6.329 1.360
໪ջ᳔໻⦃৥य़ᑨ࡯OTR STR (MPa) 3.948 5.555 1.407

⦄ ೼ ˈᇚ ᳆ ṕ 㞾 ⬅ ッ ⱘ Ⳉ ṕ ⱘ ᔃ ᳆ ߮ ᑺ ᦤ 催 ࠄ 1E6 ˈ े ᇚ ᅲ ᐌ ᭄ ᅮ Н ੑ Ҹ ᬍ Ў
ĀR,2,1.0,1E6,1.0āˈ䞡ᮄ䅵ㅫৢˈᕫࠄབ㸼4.7᠔⼎ⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰDŽ

㸼4.7 ᦤ催 㞖᳆ṕッ䚼Ⳉṕ߮ᑺৢⱘᑨ࡯䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰঞ݊Ϣ⧚䆎㾷ⱘ↨䕗

᳔ ໻ ᑨ ࡯ ⧚ 䆎 ؐ Ansysؐ ↨ ؐ
‫ݙ‬ջ᳔໻⦃৥ᢝᑨ࡯INR STR (MPa) 4.655 4.573 0.982
໪ջ᳔໻⦃৥य़ᑨ࡯OTR STR (MPa) 3.948 3.900 0.988

ৃҹⳟߎˈ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰⱘ‫⹂ޚ‬ᑺ໻໻ᦤ催ˈ㗠Ϩ᳆ṕ㞾⬅ッⱘᑨ࡯䲚Ёᚙ‫މ‬໻໻ᬍ୘˄↨
䕗೒4.71੠೒4.73ⱘᏂ߿˅DŽ

172
 ㄀ゴᅲԧ῵ൟᑨ࡯ߚᵤ

೒4.73 ᦤ催 㞖᳆ṕッ䚼Ⳉṕ߮ᑺৢ㒃ᔃ᳆ 㞖᳆ṕⱘ⦃৥ᑨ࡯ߚᏗ೒

4.7 ッ䚼䲚Ё࡯԰⫼ⱘ 㞖೚⦃᳆ṕᑇ䴶ᔃ᳆ⱘϝ㓈ߚᵤ
‫ݙ‬ञᕘri =104.6mmˈ໪ञᕘro =109.7mmˈ८ᑺh=2.54mmˈ᠔ᇍᑨⱘ೚ᖗ㾦Ў90ᑺⱘ೚
ᓻᔶ᳆ṕˈ೼ϟッ೎ᅮˈϞッ԰⫼᳝䲚Ё࠾࡯F=4.4483N˄བ೒4.74᠔⼎˅DŽᏆⶹᴤ᭭ⱘᔍ
ᗻ῵䞣E=70GPaˈ⊞ᵒ↨ μ = 0.25 DŽ䆩ߚ߿߽⫼㗺ড়എ೎ԧऩ‫ܗ‬SOLID5ˈಯ䴶ԧ೎ԧऩ‫ܗ‬
SOLID92ˈಯ䴶ԧ㗺ড়എ೎ԧऩ‫ܗ‬SOLID98੠ϝ㓈ಯ䴶ԧ㒧ᵘ೎ԧ㞾䗖ᑨऩ‫ܗ‬SOLID148ˈ
⹂ᅮ㞾⬅ッⱘᣴᑺ੠೎ᅮッⱘ᳔໻ᢝᑨ࡯੠य़ᑨ࡯DŽ

೒4.74 ッ䚼䲚Ё࡯԰⫼ⱘ 㞖೚⦃᳆ṕ ೒4.75 ϡৠϝ㓈ऩ‫ܗ‬῵ᢳ 㞖೚⦃᳆ṕⱘ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟ

1ˊ⧚䆎㾷

(1) ဎટ२֥௲Շᆑဎժԅสྭd
[6]:116
߽⫼ᴤ᭭࡯ᄺЁᔃ᳆ᴚⱘ㛑䞣⊩ ˈᗑ⬹䕈৥বᔶ੠࠾ߛবᔶˈ⬅Ѣᔃ᳆ᓩ䍋ⱘব
ᔶ㛑Ў˖

173
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

1 π /2
U=
2 EI ∫
0
( F Rsin θ )2 Rdθ (4.50)

೼໪࡯ F ԰⫼ϟѻ⫳ⱘᣴᑺ¨\ ˈḍ᥂㛑䞣⊩ˈ݊ؐᑨ䆹Ў˖

∂U 1 π /2 F R3 π / 2 1 − cos2θ
∂F EI ∫0 EI ∫0
δy = = F R 2
sin 2
θ Rdθ = dθ
2 (4.51)
F R3 ⎛ π 1 π/2 ⎞ Fπ R3
= ⎜ − sin2θ 0 ⎟ =
2 EI ⎝ 2 2 ⎠ 4 EI
ҷ᭄ܹ᥂ˈᕫ˖
Ebh3 Eh(r0 − ri )
EI = =
12 12
−12
= 70 × 10 × 2. 54 × (109.7 / 2 + 104. 6) × 10 / 12 = 1. 96545N • m
9 3 2

Ebh3 Eh(ro − ri )3
EI = =
12 12
= 70 ×10 × 2.54 × (109.7 − 104.6) 3 × 10− 12 /12 = 1.96545 N ⋅ m 2
9

Fπ (ri / 2 + r0 /2) 3 4.4483 × 3.14159 × (109.7/2 + 104.6/2)3 × 10−9

δy = = = 2.18mm (4.52)
4 EI 4 ×1.96545
(2) ௲ՇᆫӖ࿫ॏd
೎ᅮッԡ㕂ⱘᔃⶽؐЎ˖
r +r 109 . 7 + 104 .6
M max = F i o = 4 .4483 × = 476 .635 Ngmm
2 2
ᡫᔃ៾䴶῵䞣੠῾៾䴶䴶⿃ߚ߿Ў˖
bh 2 h(ro − ri ) 2 2 .54 × (109 .7 − 104.6) 2 3
Wz = = = = 11 .011mm
6 6 6
2
A = bh = 2.54 × (109 .7 − 104.6) = 12.954 mm
⬅Ѣᔃ᳆੠ᢝԌ೼೎ᅮッᑨ࡯ⱘ᳔໻ᢝᑨ࡯ؐЎ˖
M F 476 .635 4.4483
σ t max = max + = + = 43 .2872 + 0.3434 = 43.631MPa (4.53)
Wz A 11 .011 12.954
⬅Ѣᔃ᳆੠ᢝԌ೼೎ᅮッᑨ࡯ⱘ᳔໻य़ᑨ࡯ؐЎ˖
M F 476 .635 4.4483
σ t max = max + = − + = −43 .2872 + 0 .3434 = −42 .944MPa (4.54)
Wz A 11.011 12.954
ҹϞ⧚䆎ᰃेϢᴤ᭭࡯ᄺЁⱘ㒚䭓ṕᔃ᳆বᔶϔ㟈ⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰDŽԚṕⱘ៾䴶ሎᇌ੠䭓
ᑺⳌ↨ϡᰃᕜᇣᯊˈᔍᗻ࡯ᄺৃҹ㒭ߎ᳈㊒⹂ⱘ⧚䆎㒧ᵰDŽ䇏㗙খ㾕ᕤ⾝ϮЏ㓪ⱘljᔍᗻ
Ϣลᗻ࡯ᄺˉ՟乬੠д乬NJˈᴎẄᎹϮߎ⠜⼒1981ᑈ2᳜㄀1⠜PP126DŽ
(3) ಁՇӰ໿ॏ༰ᄯԅ࿫ॏ‫ۆ‬೴d
প䲚Ё࡯԰⫼ԡ㕂Ў䕀㾦തᷛⱘ0ᑺˈ乎ᯊ䩜Ўℷˈӏᛣ៾䴶Ϟⱘᔃ᳆Ϣ sin θ ៤ℷ↨ˈ
ৃҹ䆒ᑨ࡯ߑ᭄Ў˖
Φ( r , θ ) = f (r )sin θ (4.55)
ᇚ݊ҷܹࠄঠ䇗ড়ᮍ⿟ৢৃҹᕫࠄ݇Ѣߑ᭄ f (r ) ⱘᐌᖂߚᮍ⿟˖

174
 ㄀ゴᅲԧ῵ൟᑨ࡯ߚᵤ

⎛ d2 1 d 1 ⎞⎛ d 2 f 1 df f ⎞
⎜⎜ 2 + − 2 ⎟⎟⎜⎜ 2 + − 2 ⎟⎟ = 0 (4.56)
⎝ dr r dr r ⎠⎝ dr r dr r ⎠
ᅗⱘ䗮㾷ᰃ˖
B
f ( r ) = A r 2 + + C r + D r ln r (4.57)
r
Ѣᰃ⬅䖭Ͼᑨ࡯ߑ᭄⹂ᅮⱘᕘ৥ᑨ࡯ˈ⦃৥ᑨ࡯੠࠾ᑨ࡯ⱘᑨ࡯ߚ䞣ߚ߿Ў˖
⎛ 2B D ⎞
σ r = ⎜ 2 Ar − 3 + ⎟ sin θ
⎝ r r ⎠
⎛ 2B D ⎞
σ θ = ⎜ 6 Ar + 3 + ⎟ sin θ
⎝ r r ⎠
⎛ 2B D ⎞
τ rθ = − ⎜ 2 Ar − 3 + ⎟ cos θ
⎝ r r ⎠
⬅‫ݙ‬໪ջⱘᑨ࡯䖍⬠ᴵӊ੠㞾⬅ッ⿃ߚᔶᓣⱘ㥋䕑䖍⬠ᴵӊˈৃҹ⹂ᅮߎᕙᅮ㋏᭄
2 2
F Fr r F
A= ˈB= i 3 0 ˈD= ˄ ri 2 + r0 2 ˅
2N r N
(4.58)
݊Ё˖
N = ri − r +(ri + r )ln(ro / ri ) ˈᐌ᭄Cᇍᑨ࡯᮴䋵⤂ˈ಴ℸϡᖙ߫ߎDŽᇚ˄4.58˅
2 2
o
2 2
o

ᓣⱘ㋏᭄ҷܹᑨ࡯ߚ䞣㸼䖒ᓣˈৃҹ⹂ᅮߎ৘Ͼᑨ࡯ߚ䞣ˈ߭೎ᅮッ໘ⱘ⦃৥ᑨ࡯Ў˖
⎡ ri 2 ro 2
F 2 1⎤
σ θ |θ =π / 2 = −
2
⎢3 r − 3
− (ri + ro ) ⎥ (4.59)
⎣ r N r ⎦
෎Ѣ䖭ѯᑨ࡯ߚ䞣ৃҹ⬅⠽⧚ᮍ⿟⹂ᅮߎᑨবߚ䞣ˈ⬅ᑨবߚ䞣ৃҹ⿃ߚᕫࠄԡ⿏ߚ
䞣ˈ㗗㰥ԡ⿏䖍⬠ᴵӊৃҹᚳϔ⹂ᅮߎԡ⿏ߚ䞣DŽ᳝䖭ѯԡ⿏ߚ䞣ৃҹ⹂ᅮߎ㞾⬅ッⱘ᳔
໻ᣴᑺЎ˖
F π (ri 2 + ro 2 )
(u )θ =0 = (4.60)
⎡ b⎤
E ⎢(ri 2 − ro 2 ) + (ri 2 + ro 2 ) ln ⎥
⎣ a⎦
ᇍѢ㒚䭓ṕˈ ri / ro → 1 ˈϞᓣৃҹㅔ࣪Ў˖
3π ri 3 F
(u )θ = 0 ≈ (4.61)
E h3
h = ro − ri
݊Ёⱘ ᰃ᳆ṕⱘ῾៾䴶催ᑺDŽ
ҷ᭄ܹؐˈৃҹ⹂ᅮߎ೎ᅮッ໘᳔໻ᢝᑨ࡯Ў˖
r 109 .7
N = ri 2 − ro 2 + (ri 2 + ro 2 ) ln o = 104.6 2 − 109 .7 2 + (104 .6 2 + 109 .7 2 ) ln = 0.8255 mm
ri 104 .6
− 4.4483 / 2.54 ⎡ 104.6 2 × 109.7 2 1 ⎤
σ θ max = ⎢ 3 × 104 .6 − − (104.6 2 + 109 .7 2 ) = 44.333 MPa
0.8255 ⎣ 104 .6 3
104.6 ⎥⎦
− 4.4483 / 2.54 ⎡ 104 .6 2 × 109.72 1 ⎤
σ θ min = ⎢3 × 109 .7 − − (104.62 + 109.72 ) = −42 .272 MPa
0.8255 ⎣ 109.7 3
109 .7 ⎥⎦

175
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

㞾⬅ッⱘ᳔໻ᣴᑺؐЎ˖
4. 4483 / 2.54 × 3.14159 × (104 .6 2 + 109 . 7 2 )
(u )θ =0 = = 2 .187mm (4.62)
⎡ 109 .7 ⎤
70 × 10 × ⎢(104.6 − 109 . 7 ) + (104. 6 + 109.7 ) ln
3 2 2 2 2

⎣ 104.6 ⎥⎦
Ϣᔍᗻ࡯ᄺⱘ㊒⹂㾷Ⳍ↨ˈᴤ᭭࡯ᄺⱘ㾷ㄨ᳝ϔᅮⱘ䖥ԐᗻDŽ㞾⬅ッᣴᑺⱘ䇃ᏂؐЎ˖
2 .187 − 2.1875
× 100% = 0.023 %
2 .1875
᳔໻ᔃ᳆ᢝᑨ࡯ⱘ䇃Ꮒ੠᳔໻ᔃ᳆य़ᑨ࡯ⱘ䇃Ꮒߚ߿ؐЎ˖
43 .631 − 44 .333
×100 % = −1 .58 %
44 .333
− 42.944 + 42.272
× 100% = 1.59%
42.272
Ң䖭ѯ䇃ᏂৃҹⳟߎˈᇍѢ䖭䞠ⱘ᳆ṕˈ㒚䭓↨໻㑺Ў33ˈ᠔ҹᴤ᭭࡯ᄺ੠ᔍᗻ࡯ᄺ
ⱘ㊒⹂㾷Ꮒ߿ϡ໻DŽ⡍߿ᰃᔃ᳆বᔶⱘ䇃Ꮒ㽕䖰䖰ᇣѢᑨ࡯ⱘ䇃ᏂDŽབᵰ㒚䭓↨䕗ᇣᯊˈ
ᔍᗻ࡯ᄺ㾷ㄨህӮ‫݋‬᳝᳈催ⱘ‫⹂ޚ‬ᑺˈ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬㒧ᵰϔ㠀гӮ᳈ؒ৥Ѣᔍᗻ࡯ᄺ㾷DŽᓎ䆂䇏
㗙‫ޣ‬ᇣ㒚䭓↨ˈᇍ↨䅵ㅫᔍᗻ࡯ᄺ㒧ᵰ੠ᴤ᭭࡯ᄺ㒧ᵰˈᑊ↨䕗᳝䰤‫ܗ‬㒧ᵰϢ䖭ϸ㗙ⱘ
ᏂᓖDŽ
2ˊANSYSߚᵤ
䆹䯂乬䗮䖛4⾡ᮍ⊩∖㾷˖˄1˅ϝ㓈㗺ড়എ೎ԧऩ‫ܗ‬SOLID5˗˄2˅ಯ䴶ԧ೎ԧऩ‫ܗ‬
SOLID92˗˄3˅ಯ䴶ԧ㗺ড়എऩ‫ܗ‬SOLID98੠˄4˅ϝ㓈ಯ䴶ԧ㒧ᵘ೎ԧ㞾䗖ᑨऩ‫ܗ‬
SOLID148DŽ
ᇍѢಯ䴶ԧऩ‫ˈܗ‬㞾⬅ッⱘ㡖⚍䆒㕂Ў㗺ড়㡖⚍ˈᑊᇚ㥋䕑Ⳉ᥹ᮑࡴ೼㗺ড়㡖⚍ϞDŽ
ϟ䴶㒭ߎ߽⫼䖭4⾡ϡৠⱘϝ㓈ऩ‫ܗ‬ᅠ៤᳆ṕߚᵤⱘЏ㽕ℹ偸DŽ
(1) Շ࿌ٝё༪ົ,‫ד‬๥फ໸cӦ၍फ໸ۤϫॸϵ೴d
⫼ߚᵤ㉏ൟᅮНੑҸĀANTYPE,STATICāᅮНߚᵤ㉏ൟЎ䴭࡯ߚᵤDŽ⫼ऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟᅮ
НੑҸĀET,1,SOLID5,2āᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬Ў6䴶ԧϝ㓈೎ԧ㗺ড়ऩ‫ܗ‬SOLID5ˈখ᭄Ā2ā㸼
⼎Փ⫼㒓ԡ⿏㞾⬅ᑺDŽ
⫼ᴤ᭭খ᭄ᅮНੑҸĀMP,EX,1,70E3 āᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EX=70GPaˈ⫼
ĀMP,NUXY,1,0.25āᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨NUXY=0.25DŽ
(2) ၽᅘᆵγຂՇ࿌‫ߏڑ‬Ԥcຬۤ඘d
Ўњᓎゟ೚ᓻᔶ᳆ṕᮍ֓ˈ⫼ĀCSYS,1āߛᤶᔧࠡതᷛ㋏Ў᷅തᷛ㋏DŽ⫼݇䬂⚍ᅮН
ੑҸĀK,1,104.6ā೼‫ݙ‬ञᕘതᷛ(104.6mm,0)ᅮН㄀1Ͼ݇䬂⚍ˈ⫼ĀK,2,109.7ā೼໪ञᕘ
തᷛ(109.7mm,0)ᅮН㄀2Ͼ݇䬂⚍DŽ⫼㡖⚍⫳៤ੑҸĀKGEN,2,1,2,1,,,2.54āᕾ⦃2⃵ˈᣝ✻
1ো㡖⚍ࠄ 2ো㡖⚍๲䞣Ў1ⱘ㡖⚍㣗ೈˈZതᷛ๲䞣 2.54mm ˈ⫳៤ࠡ䴶ⱘ㡖⚍3੠4DŽ⫼
ĀKGEN,2,1,4,1,,90āᕾ⦃2⃵ˈᣝ✻1ো㡖⚍ࠄ4ো㡖⚍๲䞣Ў1ⱘ㡖⚍㣗ೈˈYതᷛ๲䞣90
ᑺˈ⫳៤㞾⬅ッⱘ4Ͼ㡖⚍DŽ
⫼㒓ᅮНੑҸĀL,1,5ā䖛1ো݇䬂⚍੠5ো݇䬂⚍ᅮН㒓DŽ⫼㒓ऩ‫ܗ‬ሎᇌᅮНੑҸ
ĀLESIZE,1,,,20āᣛᅮ1ো㒓ⱘऩ‫↉ߚߦܗ‬᭄Ў20DŽ⫼ԧᅮНੑҸĀV,1,2,4,3,5,6,8,7ā䖛݇䬂
⚍ᅮНԧˈ⫼ऩ‫ܗ‬ሎᇌᅮНੑҸĀESIZE,,1āᣛᅮऩ‫↉ߚߦܗ‬᭄Ў1DŽ

176
 ㄀ゴᅲԧ῵ൟᑨ࡯ߚᵤ

Ўњ῵ൟᰒ⼎Ⳉ㾖䍋㾕ˈ⫼Ā/VIEW,1,1,1,1āߛᤶ1োにষⱘ㾚⚍ࠄㄝ䕈⌟ᮍ৥ˈᑊ⫼
Ā/Device,VECTOR,1āᠧᓔ೒ᔶⶶ䞣ᰒ⼎ᓔ݇ˈৃҹ᳈⏙᱄ഄᰒ⼎㔥Ḑ῵ൟDŽ⫼ԧऩ‫ܗ‬㔥Ḑ
ߦߚੑҸĀVMESH,1āᇍ1োԧᠻ㸠ԧऩ‫ˈߚߦܗ‬ᕫࠄབ೒4.76᠔⼎ⱘ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟDŽ
(3) ༪႔ࠋԤ, ಠަสྭၟ೯ۤ۠ၻd
⫼Ā/Device,VECTOR,0ā݇䯁೒ᔶⶶ䞣ᰒ⼎ᓔ݇DŽ⫼㡖⚍䗝ᢽੑҸĀNSEL,S,LOC,Y,0ā
䗝ᢽԡѢY=0ᑺԡ㕂೎ᅮッ㡖⚍ˈ⫼ԡ⿏㑺ᴳੑҸĀD,ALL,ALL,0āԡ⿏㑺ᴳ᠔᳝䗝ᢽ䲚
Ё㡖⚍ⱘ᠔᳝㞾⬅ᑺˈे೎ᅮッ㡖⚍㹿೎ᅮDŽ⫼ĀNSEL,ALLā䗝ᢽ᠔᳝㡖⚍DŽ

೒4.76 ⫼㞾ϟ㗠Ϟⱘᓎ῵ᮍ⊩⫳៤ⱘ 㞖೚⦃᳆ṕ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟ

⫼㥋䕑࡯ᅮНੑҸĀFK,5,FY,1.1121ā㒭5ো݇䬂⚍ᮑࡴ⊓ⴔYᮍ৥ⱘ䲚Ё࡯ˈ໻ᇣЎ
1.1121Nˈ⫼䞡໡ᠻ㸠ੑҸĀ*REPEAT,4,1āᕾ⦃4⃵ᠻ㸠ࠡ䴶ᮑࡴ䲚Ё࡯ⱘੑҸˈ↣⃵㡖
⚍োⷕ๲䞣1ˈᮑࡴᅠ೎ᅮッԡ⿏㑺ᴳ੠㞾⬅ッ㥋䕑࡯Пৢⱘ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟব៤བ೒4.77᠔⼎
ⱘḋᄤDŽ⫼ĀNOORDERāᣝॳྟऩ‫⃵ܗ‬ᑣˈᇍऩ‫ܗ‬ᥦᑣDŽ

೒4.77 ᮑࡴ೼ 㞖೚⦃᳆ṕ೎ᅮッⱘԡ⿏㑺ᴳ੠㞾⬅ッⱘ䲚Ё࡯

177
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

(4) ࠩదௐࠓ੦ࣖēࢗಳௐࠓd
(5) Շ࿌෻ю‫҉܊‬सԅ‫܁‬ё༝d
⫼ᅣᅮНੑҸĀ*CREATE,MACāᓔྟᅮНᅠ៤ৢ໘⧚ⱘᅣ⿟ᑣMACDŽ
⫼Ā/POST1ā䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫDŽ⫼ĀCSYS,0āߛᤶᔧࠡതᷛ㋏ЎⳈ㾦തᷛ㋏DŽ⫼
㡖⚍䗝ᢽੑҸĀNSEL,S,LOC,X,0,0.01,,1ā䗝ᢽX=0ࠄX=0.01㣗ೈⱘ㡖⚍ˈᗑ⬹തᷛℷ䋳োDŽ
⫼㡖⚍㒧ᵰᰒ⼎ੑҸĀPRNSOL,U,COMPā߫㸼ᰒ⼎㒧⚍ԡ⿏ؐDŽ
⫼㥋䕑Ꮉ‫މ‬ᅮН˄Load Case DEFination˅ੑҸĀLCDEF,1,1āᣝ✻㄀1㥋䕑ℹˈᅮН㄀
1⾡㥋䕑Ꮉ‫މ‬DŽ⫼㥋䕑Ꮉ‫މ‬㓽ᬒ಴ᄤ˄Load Case FACTor˅ĀLCFACT,1,(1/2.187)ā㒭㄀1
㥋䕑Ꮉ‫މ‬ᅮН㥋䕑㓽ᬒ಴ᄤ(1/2.187)DŽ⫼䇏ܹ㥋䕑Ꮉ‫މ‬ੑҸĀLCASE,1āᇚ㄀1㥋䕑Ꮉ‫މ‬䅵
ㅫ㒧ᵰ䇏ܹࠄ᭄᥂ᑧDŽ⫼ĀPRNSOL,U,COMPā߫㸼ᰒ⼎㒧⚍ԡ⿏ؐˈ⫼ĀFINISHā䗔ߎ
ৢ໘⧚῵ഫˈ⫼Ā*ENDāੑҸ㸼⼎ᅣ⿟ᑣᅮН㒧ᴳDŽ
(6) ඔ௜ᆑဎժสྭ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ڴ‬d
⫼Ā/POST1ā䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫDŽ⫼㒧ᵰᦤপੑҸĀ*GET,U1,NODE,5,U,Yāᦤপ
㞾⬅ッⱘ5ো㡖⚍Yᮍ৥ⱘԡ⿏䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰUYˈᑊֱᄬࠄব䞣U1DŽ⫼ĀUtility -> Parameters ->
Scalar Parametersāৃҹⳟࠄֱᄬ೼‫ݙ‬ᄬব䞣Ёⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ˄བ೒4.78᠔⼎˅DŽ

೒4.78 ⫼SOLID5ऩ‫ܗ‬䅵ㅫߎⱘ 㞖೚⦃᳆ṕⱘ㞾⬅ッ᳔໻ᣴᑺ

⫼ᰒ⼎㒧ᵰੑҸĀPLNSOL,S,Yā೒ᔶᰒ⼎㡖⚍⦃৥ᑨ࡯䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰˈᕫࠄབ೒4.79᠔⼎
ⱘ⦃৥ᑨ࡯ߚᏗ೒DŽҢ೒Ёৃҹⳟߎˈ᳔໻ⱘ⦃৥ᢝᑨ࡯45.905MPaߎ⦄೼೎ᅮッⱘ‫ݙ‬ջˈ
᳔໻ⱘ⦃৥य़ᑨ࡯45.212MPaߎ⦄೼೎ᅮッⱘ໪ջDŽ

೒4.79 ⫼SOLID5ऩ‫ܗ‬䅵ㅫߎⱘ 㞖೚⦃᳆ṕⱘ⦃৥ᑨ࡯ߚᏗ೒

178
 ㄀ゴᅲԧ῵ൟᑨ࡯ߚᵤ

(7) Շ࿌೴ᆦēωߜ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ͬڴ‬ӉӾ೴ᆦē٢ࠒ‫ڴ‬೛ѻd
⫼᭄㒘ᅮНੑҸĀ*DIM,LABEL,CHAR,1,2āᅮН1*2ᄫヺൟ᭄㒘LABELˈ⫼Ā*DIM,
VALUE,,1,3āᅮН1*3᭄ؐൟ᭄㒘VALUEDŽ⫼䌟ؐੑҸĀLABEL(1,1) = 'DEFL ā ' 㒭᭄㒘
LABELⱘ㄀1߫䌟ؐˈ⫼ĀLABEL(1,2) = 'mm'ā㒭᭄㒘LABELⱘ㄀2߫䌟ؐDŽ
⫼Ā*VFILL,VALUE(1,1),DATA,2.187ā㒭᭄㒘VALUEⱘ㄀1߫䌟᳔໻ᣴᑺⱘ⧚䆎ؐ
Ā2.187mm”DŽ⫼Ā*VFILL,VALUE(1,2),DATA,U1ā㒭᭄㒘VALUEⱘ㄀2߫䌟ֱᄬ೼ব䞣U1
Ёⱘ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬䅵ㅫؐDŽ⫼Ā*VFILL,VALUE(1,3),DATA,ABS(U1/2.187)ā㒭᭄㒘VALUEⱘ㄀3
߫䌟᳝䰤‫ܗ‬䅵ㅫؐU1੠⧚䆎ؐ2.187 ⱘ↨ؐDŽᇚ᠔᳝῵ൟֵᙃঞ݊䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ⫼ ĀSAVE,
TABLE_1āֱᄬ᭄᥂ࠄ᭄᥂ᑧTABLE_1DŽ⫼ᠻ㸠ᅣĀ*USE,MACāᠻ㸠ৢ໘⧚ᅣ⿟ᑣMACDŽ
(8) ᄷ໭ࢗಳဈSOLID92Ӧ၍‫ד‬๥d
ᅮНᎹ⿟䗝乍ˈߚᵤ㉏ൟǃSOLID92ऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟ੠ࠡ䴶Ⳍৠⱘᴤ᭭খ᭄
(9) ඹ‫ߏڑڶ‬ԤՇ࿌੦໸d
೼᷅തᷛ㋏੠ㄝ䕈⌟ᮍ৥ˈ೼‫ݙ‬ᕘതᷛ(104.6mm,0)ᅮН㄀1Ͼ݇䬂⚍ˈ೼໪ᕘതᷛ
(109.7mm,0)ᅮН㄀2Ͼ݇䬂⚍DŽ⫼ĀKGEN,2,1,2,1,,,2.54āᕾ⦃2⃵ˈᣝ✻1ো㡖⚍ࠄ2ো㡖⚍
๲䞣Ў1ⱘ㡖⚍㣗ೈˈZതᷛ๲䞣2.54mmˈ⫳៤㡖⚍3੠4DŽ⫼ĀKGEN,2,1,4,1,,4.5āᕾ⦃2
⃵ˈᣝ ✻1 ো 㡖 ⚍ ࠄ4 ো㡖⚍๲䞣Ў1 ⱘ 㡖 ⚍ 㣗 ೈˈ Yതᷛ๲䞣4.5 ᑺDŽ ⫼ᅮНԧੑҸ
ĀV,1,2,4,3,5,6,8,7ā䖛݇䬂⚍ᅮНԧDŽ
⫼ԧ⫳៤ੑҸĀVGEN,20,1,1,1,,4.5,,4āᕾ⦃20⃵ˈᣝ✻1োԧⱘḋᓣˈXതᷛϡবˈY
തᷛ๲ࡴ4.5ᑺˈ↣⃵݇䬂⚍๲䞣Ў4ˈ⫳៤19ϾԧDŽԧ⫳៤ⱘੑҸḐᓣᰃĀVGEN,ITIME,NV1,
NV2,NINC,DX,DY,DZ,KINCāˈ㸼⼎ᕾ⦃ITIME⃵ˈᣝ✻ҢNV1ࠄNV2๲䞣ᰃNINCEⱘԧ
㓪ো㣗ೈˈ↣Ͼԧⱘതᷛ๲䞣ᰃDXˈDY੠DZˈ݇䬂⚍ⱘ๲䞣ᰃKINCDŽ
⫼ऩ‫ܗ‬ሎᇌᅮНੑҸĀESIZE,,1āᣛᅮऩ‫↉ߚߦܗ‬᭄Ў1DŽ⫼ԧऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬ੑҸĀVMESH,
ALLāᇚ᠔᳝ԧߦߚЎԧऩ‫ܗ‬
(10) ༪႔‫څ‬ՇժࠋԤēಠަสྭၟ೯ē༪႔ᆑဎժࠋԤēಠަ۠ၻॏd
⫼ Ā NSEL,S,LOC,Y,0 ā 䗝 ᢽ ԡ Ѣ Y=0 ೎ ᅮ ッ ԡ 㕂 ⱘ 㡖 ⚍ ˈ ⫼ ԡ ⿏ 㑺 ᴳ ੑ Ҹ
ĀD,ALL,ALL,0āԡ⿏㑺ᴳ᠔᳝䗝ᢽ䲚Ё㡖⚍ⱘ᠔᳝㞾⬅ᑺDŽ
⫼ĀNSEL,S,LOC,Y,90ā䗝ᢽԡѢY=90ᑺ㞾⬅ッԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍ˈ⫼㗺ড়㞾⬅ᑺᅮНੑҸ
ĀCP,1,UY,ALLāᇚ90ᑺ䴶Ϟⱘ᠔᳝㡖⚍ⱘUYᮍ৥ᅮНЎ㗺ড়㞾⬅ᑺˈ‫⫼ݡ‬䞡ᮄ䗝ᢽੑҸ
ĀNSEL,R,LOC,X,109.7ā೼䗝ᢽ䲚Ё㒻㓁䗝ᢽ‫ݙ‬ջX=109.7mm ⱘ㡖⚍ˈ⫼䞡ᮄ䗝ᢽੑҸ
ĀNSEL, R,LOC,Z,0ā೼䗝ᢽ䲚Ё㒻㓁䗝ᢽZ=0ⱘ㡖⚍DŽ䖭ḋህҢ᠔᳝‫ݙ‬ջ㡖⚍Ё䗝ᢽߎњ
‫ݙ‬ջ㞾⬅ッࠡ䴶ⱘ䙷ϔϾ㡖⚍DŽ⫼㥋䕑࡯ᅮНੑҸĀF,ALL,FY,4.4483ā㒭䗝ᢽ䲚Ёⱘ᠔᳝
㡖⚍ᮑࡴ⊓ⴔYᮍ৥ⱘ໻ᇣㄝϢ4.4483Nⱘ䲚Ё࡯ˈᅲ䰙Ϟ䖭䞠া᳝ϔϾ㡖⚍㹿ᮑࡴ䲚Ё
࡯DŽ㒣䖛䖭ѯℹ偸ৢˈᕫࠄབ೒4.80᠔⼎ⱘ䅵ㅫ῵ൟDŽ
⫼ĀNSEL,ALLā䗝ᢽ᠔᳝㡖⚍ˈ⫼ĀSAVEāֱᄬ᠔᭄᳝᥂ࠄ咬䅸᭄᥂ᑧDŽ
(11) ࠩదௐࠓ੦ࣖࢗಳௐࠓēωರဈ஍ੋԅ‫܁‬ё༝ࠩ໻ອ࿫ԅ‫҉܊‬सd
(12) ༪႔ᆑဎժࠋԤēඔ௜สྭ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ڴ‬d
⫼Ā/POST1ā䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫˈ⫼㡖⚍⦃৥ᑨ࡯SYᰒ⼎ੑҸĀPLNSOL,S,Yā೒
ᔶᰒ⼎㡖⚍⦃৥ᑨ࡯䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰˈᕫࠄབ೒4.81᠔⼎ⱘ⦃৥ᑨ࡯ߚᏗDŽҢ೒Ёৃҹⳟߎˈ᳔
໻ⱘ⦃৥ᢝᑨ࡯47.637MPaߎ⦄೼೎ᅮッⱘ‫ݙ‬ջˈ᳔໻ⱘ⦃৥य़ᑨ࡯47.034MPaߎ⦄೼೎
ᅮッⱘ໪ջDŽ

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 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

೒4.80 ⫼SOLID92ऩ‫ܗ‬ᓎゟ 㞖೚⦃᳆ṕⱘ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟ

೒4.81 ⫼SOLID92ऩ‫ܗ‬䅵ㅫߎⱘ 㞖೚⦃᳆ṕⱘ⦃৥ᑨ࡯ߚᏗ೒

⫼Ā*USE,MACāᠻ㸠ৢ໘⧚ᅣ⿟ᑣMACRODŽ
⫼ĀNDE=NODE(0,109.7,0)ā䗝ᢽ䎱⾏(0,109.7mm,0)ԡ㕂᳔䖥ⱘ㡖⚍ˈੑৡЎNDEDŽ
⫼Ā*GET,UY2,NODE,NDE,U,Yāᦤপ㡖⚍NDEⱘYᮍ৥ԡ⿏UYˈᑊֱᄬࠄব䞣UY2DŽ⫼
Ā*SET,U2, (UY2/(1/2.187))ā㒭U2ব䞣䌟ؐUY2/(1/2.187)DŽ⫼Ā*status,parmā߫㸼ᰒ⼎ব䞣
খ᭄ⱘؐˈᕫࠄབ೒4.82᠔⼎ⱘ㒧ᵰDŽ

೒4.82 ⫼SOLID92ऩ‫ܗ‬䅵ㅫߎⱘ 㞖೚⦃᳆ṕⱘ㞾⬅ッ᳔໻ᣴᑺঞ݊Ϣ⧚䆎ؐⱘ↨ؐ

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 ㄀ゴᅲԧ῵ൟᑨ࡯ߚᵤ

(13)Շ࿌೴ᆦēωߜ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ͬڴ‬ӉӾ೴ᆦē٢ࠒ‫ڴ‬೛ѻd
(14)ϰဈۤ஍ੋອഛԅϤᅇēᄷ໭ࢗಳဈSOLID98Ӧ၍ࠩ໻‫ד‬๥d
⫼ऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟᅮНੑҸĀET,1,SOLID98,2āᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬Ўಯ䴶ԧ㗺ড়എऩ‫ܗ‬SOLID98ˈ
⫼খ᭄Ā1ā㸼⼎াՓ⫼㒓ԡ⿏㞾⬅ᑺUX,UY੠UZDŽ
(15)ࠩదௐࠓ੦ࣖࢗಳௐࠓēωರဈ஍ੋԅ‫܁‬ё༝ࠩ໻ອ࿫ԅ‫҉܊‬सd
(16)༪႔ᆑဎժࠋԤēඔ௜สྭ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ڴ‬d
⫼Ā/POST1ā䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫˈ⫼㡖⚍㒧ᵰ೒ᔶᰒ⼎ੑҸĀPLNSOL,S,Yā೒ᔶ
ᰒ⼎㡖⚍⦃৥ᑨ࡯䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰˈᕫࠄབ೒4.83᠔⼎ⱘ⦃৥ᑨ࡯ߚᏗ೒DŽҢ೒Ёৃҹⳟߎˈ᳔
໻ⱘ⦃৥ᢝᑨ࡯47.637MPaߎ⦄೼೎ᅮッⱘ‫ݙ‬ջˈ᳔໻ⱘ⦃৥य़ᑨ࡯47.034MPaߎ⦄೼೎
ᅮッⱘ໪ջDŽ

೒4.83 ⫼SOLID98ऩ‫ܗ‬䅵ㅫߎⱘ 㞖೚⦃᳆ṕⱘ⦃৥ᑨ࡯ߚᏗ೒

⫼Ā*USE,MACāᠻ㸠ৢ໘⧚ᅣ⿟ᑣMACDŽ䗝ᢽ䎱⾏(0,109.7mm,0)ԡ㕂᳔䖥ⱘ㡖⚍ˈ
ੑৡЎNDEˈ⫼Ā*GET,UY3,NODE,NDE,U,Yāᦤপ㡖⚍NDEⱘYᮍ৥ԡ⿏UYˈᑊֱᄬࠄ
ব䞣UY3DŽ⫼Ā*SET,U3,(UY3/(1/2.187))ā㒭U3ব䞣䌟ؐUY3/(1/2.187)DŽ
Ўњ㾖ᆳֱᄬ೼ব䞣Ёⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰˈ⫼Ā*status,parmā߫㸼ᰒ⼎ব䞣খ᭄ⱘؐˈᕫࠄ
བ೒4.84᠔⼎ⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰDŽ

೒4.84 ⫼SOLID98ऩ‫ܗ‬䅵ㅫߎⱘ 㞖೚⦃᳆ṕⱘ㞾⬅ッ᳔໻ᣴᑺঞ݊Ϣ⧚䆎ؐⱘ↨ؐ

181
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

(17) Շ࿌೴ᆦēωߜ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ͬڴ‬ӉӾ೴ᆦē٢ࠒ‫ڴ‬೛ѻd
⫼ĀSAVE, TABLE_3āᇚ῵ൟ᭄᥂੠䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰֱᄬࠄ᭄᥂ᑧTABLE_3DŽ
(18) ᄷ໭ࢗಳဈSOLID148Ӧ၍‫ד‬๥d
⫼ĀET,1,SOLID148,2āᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬Ўϝ㓈ಯ䴶ԧ㒧ᵘ೎ԧ㞾䗖ᑨऩ‫ܗ‬SOLID148ˈ
ᓔྟ∈ᑇЎ2㑻DŽ
(19) ࠩదௐࠓ੦ࣖࢗಳௐࠓd
(20) ༪႔ᆑဎժࠋԤēඔ௜สྭ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ڴ‬d
⫼Ā/POST1ā䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫˈ⫼䇏ܹ㥋䕑ℹ㒧ᵰੑҸĀSET,LASTā䇏᳔ܹৢ
ϔϾ㥋䕑ℹⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰˈ⫼ĀPLNSOL,S,Yā೒ᔶᰒ⼎㡖⚍⦃৥ᑨ࡯䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰˈᕫࠄབ೒4.85
᠔⼎ⱘ⦃৥ᑨ࡯ߚᏗ೒DŽҢ೒Ёৃҹⳟߎˈ᳔໻ⱘ⦃৥ᢝᑨ࡯47.23MPaߎ⦄೼೎ᅮッⱘ‫ݙ‬
ջˈ᳔໻ⱘ⦃৥य़ᑨ࡯45.983MPaߎ⦄೼೎ᅮッⱘ໪ջDŽ

೒4.85 ⫼SOLID148ऩ‫ܗ‬䅵ㅫߎⱘ 㞖೚⦃᳆ṕⱘ⦃৥ᑨ࡯ߚᏗ

⫼Ā*USE,MACāᠻ㸠ৢ໘⧚ᅣ⿟ᑣMACRODŽ䗝ᢽ䎱⾏(0,109.7mm,0)ԡ㕂᳔䖥ⱘ㞾⬅
ッ㡖⚍ˈੑৡЎNDEDŽ⫼Ā*GET,UY3,NODE,NDE,U,Yāᦤপ㡖⚍NDEⱘYᮍ৥ԡ⿏UYˈ
ᑊ ֱ ᄬ ࠄ ব 䞣 UY2 ˈ ⫼ Ā *SET,U3,(UY3/(1/2.187))ā 㒭 U3 ব 䞣 䌟 ؐ UY3/(1/2.187) DŽ ⫼
Ā*status,parmā߫㸼ᰒ⼎ব䞣খ᭄ⱘؐˈᕫࠄབ㸼4.6᠔⼎ⱘ㒧ᵰDŽ
(21) Շ࿌೴ᆦēωߜ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ͬڴ‬ӉӾ೴ᆦē٢ࠒ‫ڴ‬೛ѻd
⫼ĀSAVE, TABLE_4āᇚ῵ൟֵᙃ੠䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰֱᄬࠄ᭄᥂ᑧTABLE_4
(22) Ҷّْ೴࡬࣏ᄯ‫؏݋‬೴࡬ēωߜ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ڴ‬೛ѻӾำߑEX4_7.outd

3ˊANSYS⿟ᑣ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎҹࠡ῵ഫ
/CLEAR, NOSTART ! ⏙䰸᭄᥂, ϡࡴ䕑߱ྟ࣪᭛ӊ
! (1)ᅮНᎹ⿟䗝乍ǃߚᵤ㉏ൟǃऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟ੠ᴤ᭭খ᭄
/FileName,EX4.7 ! ᅮНᎹ⿟᭛ӊৡ⿄

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 ㄀ゴᅲԧ῵ൟᑨ࡯ߚᵤ

/PREP7 ! ࡴ䕑ࠡ໘⧚῵ഫ
smrt,off ! ݇䯁ᱎ㛑࣪㔥Ḑࡳ㛑
/TITLE, EX4.7, BENDING OF A CURVED BEAM WITH SOLID5
C*** FORMULAS FOR STRESS AND STRAIN, ROARK, 4TH ED.
ANTYPE,STATIC ! ᅮНߚᵤ㉏ൟЎ䴭࡯ߚᵤ
ET,1,SOLID5,2 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬Ў݁䴶ԧ೎ԧSOLID5
MP,EX,1,70E3 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EX=70 GPa
MP,NUXY,1,0.25 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨NUXY=0.25
! (2)೼᷅തᷛ㋏ᅮН݇䬂⚍ǃ㒓੠ԧ
CSYS,1 ! ߛᤶᔧതᷛ㋏Ў᷅തᷛ㋏
K,1,104.6 ! ೼‫ݙ‬ᕘതᷛ(104.6mm=4.12in, 0)ᅮН㄀1Ͼ݇䬂⚍
K,2,109.7 ! ೼໪ᕘതᷛ(109.7mm=4.32in, 0)ᅮН㄀2Ͼ݇䬂⚍
KGEN,2,1,2,1,,,2.54 ! ᕾ⦃2⃵,ᣝ✻1ো㡖⚍ࠄ2ো㡖⚍๲䞣Ў1ⱘ㡖⚍㣗ೈ,Zതᷛ๲䞣
2.54mm,⫳៤㡖⚍3੠4
KGEN,2,1,4,1,,90 ! ᕾ⦃2⃵,ᣝ✻1ো㡖⚍ࠄ4ো㡖⚍๲䞣Ў1ⱘ㡖⚍㣗ೈ,Yതᷛ๲䞣90ᑺ
L,1,5 ! 䖛1ো݇䬂⚍੠5ো݇䬂⚍,ᅮН㒓
LESIZE,1,,,20 ! ᣛᅮ1ো㒓ⱘऩ‫↉ߚߦܗ‬᭄Ў20
V,1,2,4,3,5,6,8,7 ! 䖛݇䬂⚍ᅮНԧ
ESIZE,,1 ! ᣛᅮऩ‫↉ߚߦܗ‬᭄Ў1
/VIEW,1,1,1,1 ! ߛᤶ㾚⚍ࠄㄝ䕈⌟ᮍ৥
/Device,VECTOR,1 ! ᠧᓔ೒ᔶⶶ䞣ᰒ⼎ᓔ݇,᳈⏙᱄ഄᰒ⼎㔥Ḑ῵ൟ
VMESH,1 ! ᇍ1োԧᠻ㸠ԧऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬
! (3)䗝ᢽ㡖⚍, ᮑࡴԡ⿏㑺ᴳ੠㥋䕑
/Device,VECTOR,0 ! ݇䯁೒ᔶⶶ䞣ᰒ⼎ᓔ݇
NSEL,S,LOC,Y,0 ! 䗝ᢽԡѢY=0ԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍
D,ALL,ALL,0 ! ԡ⿏㑺ᴳ᠔᳝䗝ᢽ䲚Ё㡖⚍ⱘ᠔᳝㞾⬅ᑺ
NSEL,ALL ! 䗝ᢽ᠔᳝㡖⚍
FK,5,FY,1.1121 ! 㒭5ো݇䬂⚍ᮑࡴ⊓ⴔYᮍ৥ⱘ䲚Ё࡯, ໻ᇣЎ1.1121N
*REPEAT,4,1 ! ᕾ⦃4⃵ᠻ㸠ࠡ䴶ᮑࡴ䲚Ё࡯ⱘੑҸ, ↣⃵㡖⚍োⷕ๲䞣1
NOORDER ! ᣝॳྟऩ‫⃵ܗ‬ᑣ, ᇍऩ‫ܗ‬ᥦᑣ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎࠡ໘⧚῵ഫPREP7
! (4)䖯ܹ∖㾷῵ഫ, ᓔྟ∖㾷
/SOLU ! ࡴ䕑∖㾷῵ഫ
SOLVE ! ᓔྟ∖㾷
FINISH ! 䗔ߎ∖㾷῵ഫSOLU
! (5)ᅮНᅠ៤ৢ໘⧚ⱘᅣ⿟ᑣ
*CREATE,MAC ! ᓔྟᅮНᅠ៤ৢ໘⧚ⱘᅣ⿟ᑣ
/POST1 ! 䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
CSYS,0 ! ߛᤶᔧതᷛ㋏ЎⳈ㾦തᷛ㋏
NSEL,S,LOC,X,0,0.01,,1 ! 䗝ᢽX=0ࠄX=0.01㣗ೈⱘ㡖⚍, ᗑ⬹തᷛℷ䋳ো
PRNSOL,U,COMP ! ߫㸼ᰒ⼎㒧⚍ԡ⿏ؐ
LCDEF,1,1 ! ⫳៤㄀1⾡㥋䕑Ꮉ‫މ‬, ᣝ✻㄀1㥋䕑ℹ
LCFACT,1,(1/2.187) ! 㒭㄀1㥋䕑Ꮉ‫މ‬ᅮН㥋䕑㓽ᬒ಴ᄤ(1/2.187)
LCASE,1 ! ᇚ㄀1㥋䕑Ꮉ‫މ‬䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ䇏ܹࠄ᭄᥂ᑧ

183
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

PRNSOL,U,COMP ! ߫㸼ᰒ⼎㒧⚍ԡ⿏ؐ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
*END ! ᅣ⿟ᑣᅮН㒧ᴳ
! (6)ᦤপ㞾⬅ッԡ⿏䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
/POST1 ! 䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
*GET,U1,NODE,5,U,Y ! ᦤপ㞾⬅ッⱘ5ো㡖⚍Yᮍ৥ⱘԡ⿏䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰUY
PLNSOL,S,Y ! ೒ᔶᰒ⼎㡖⚍⦃৥ᑨ࡯䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
! (7)ᅮН᭄㒘, ᑊᇚ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰֱᄬࠄ᭄㒘, կ㒧ᵰ䕧ߎ
*DIM,LABEL,CHAR,1,2 ! ᅮН1ˆ2ᄫヺൟ᭄㒘LABEL
*DIM,VALUE,,1,3 ! ᅮН1ˆ3᭄ؐൟ᭄㒘VALUE
LABEL(1,1) = 'DEFL ' ! 㒭᭄㒘LABELⱘ㄀1߫䌟ؐ
LABEL(1,2) = 'mm' ! 㒭᭄㒘LABELⱘ㄀2߫䌟ؐ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,1),DATA,2.187 ! 㒭᭄㒘VALUEⱘ㄀1߫䌟⧚䆎ؐ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,2),DATA,U1 ! 㒭᭄㒘VALUEⱘ㄀2߫䌟䅵ㅫؐ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,3),DATA,ABS(U1/2.187) ! 㒭᭄㒘VALUEⱘ㄀3߫䌟↨ؐ
SAVE, TABLE_1 ! ֱᄬ᭄᥂ࠄ᭄᥂ᑧTABLE_1
*USE,MAC ! ᠻ㸠ৢ໘⧚ᅣ⿟ᑣMACRO
! (8)䞡ᮄᓔྟ⫼SOLID92ऩ‫ߚܗ‬ᵤ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎҹࠡ῵ഫ
/CLEAR, NOSTART ! ⏙䰸᭄᥂, ϡࡴ䕑߱ྟ࣪᭛ӊ
/FileName,EX4.7 ! ᅮНᎹ⿟᭛ӊৡ⿄
/PREP7 ! ࡴ䕑ࠡ໘⧚῵ഫ
smrt,off ! ݇䯁ᱎ㛑࣪㔥Ḑࡳ㛑
/TITLE, EX4.7, BENDING OF A CURVED BEAM WITH SOLID92
ET,1,SOLID92 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬Ўಯ䴶ԧ೎ԧऩ‫ܗ‬SOLID92
MP,EX,1,70E3 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EX=70 GPa
MP,NUXY,1,0.25 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨NUXY=0.25
! (9)䗮䖛݇䬂⚍ᅮН῵ൟ
CSYS,1 ! ߛᤶᔧࠡതᷛ㋏Ў᷅തᷛ㋏
/VIEW,1,1,1,1 ! ߛᤶ㾚⚍ࠄㄝ䕈⌟ᮍ৥
K,1,104.6 ! ೼‫ݙ‬ᕘതᷛ(104.6mm=4.12in, 0)ᅮН㄀1Ͼ݇䬂⚍
K,2,109.7 ! ೼໪ᕘതᷛ(109.7mm=4.32in, 0)ᅮН㄀2Ͼ݇䬂⚍
KGEN,2,1,2,1,,,2.54 ! ᕾ⦃2⃵,ᣝ✻1ো㡖⚍ࠄ2ো㡖⚍๲䞣Ў1ⱘ㡖⚍㣗ೈ,Zതᷛ๲䞣
2.54mm,⫳៤㡖⚍3੠4
KGEN,2,1,4,1,,4.5 ! ᕾ⦃2⃵,ᣝ✻1ো㡖⚍ࠄ4ো㡖⚍๲䞣Ў1ⱘ㡖⚍㣗ೈ,Yതᷛ๲䞣4.5ᑺ
V,1,2,4,3,5,6,8,7 ! 䖛݇䬂⚍ᅮНԧ
! VGEN, ITIME, NV1, NV2, NINC, DX, DY, DZ, KINC, NOELEM, IMOVE
VGEN,20,1,1,1,,4.5,,4 ! ᕾ⦃20⃵, ᣝ✻1োԧⱘḋᓣ, Xതᷛϡব, Yതᷛ๲ࡴ4.5
ᑺ, ↣⃵݇䬂⚍๲䞣Ў4, ⫳៤19Ͼԧ
ESIZE,,1 ! ᣛᅮऩ‫↉ߚߦܗ‬᭄Ў1
VMESH,ALL ! ᇚ᠔᳝ԧߦߚЎԧऩ‫ܗ‬
! (10)䗝ᢽ㡖⚍, ᮑࡴԡ⿏㑺ᴳ੠㥋䕑
NSEL,S,LOC,Y,0 ! 䗝ᢽԡѢY=0ԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍
D,ALL,ALL,0 ! ԡ⿏㑺ᴳ᠔᳝䗝ᢽ䲚Ё㡖⚍ⱘ᠔᳝㞾⬅ᑺ

184
 ㄀ゴᅲԧ῵ൟᑨ࡯ߚᵤ

NSEL,S,LOC,Y,90 ! 䗝ᢽԡѢY=90ᑺԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍
CP,1,UY,ALL ! ᇚ90ᑺ䴶Ϟⱘ᠔᳝㡖⚍ⱘUYᮍ৥ᅮНЎ㗺ড়㞾⬅ᑺ
NSEL,R,LOC,X,109.7 ! ೼䗝ᢽ䲚Ё㒻㓁䗝ᢽ‫ݙ‬ջX˙109.7mmⱘ㡖⚍
NSEL,R,LOC,Z,0 ! ೼䗝ᢽ䲚Ё㒻㓁䗝ᢽZ˙0ⱘ㡖⚍
F,ALL,FY,4.4483 ! 㒭䗝ᢽ䲚Ёⱘ᠔᳝㡖⚍ᮑࡴ⊓ⴔYᮍ৥ⱘ໻ᇣㄝϢ4.4483Nⱘ䲚Ё࡯
NSEL,ALL ! 䗝ᢽ᠔᳝㡖⚍
SAVE ! ֱᄬ᭄᥂ࠄ咬䅸᭄᥂ᑧ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎࠡ໘⧚῵ഫPREP7
! (11)䖯ܹ∖㾷῵ഫᓔྟ∖㾷, ᑊՓ⫼ࠡ䴶ⱘᅣ⿟ᑣ䖯㸠Ⳍᑨⱘৢ໘⧚
/SOLU ! ࡴ䕑∖㾷῵ഫ
SOLVE ! ᓔྟ∖㾷
FINISH ! 䗔ߎ∖㾷῵ഫSOLU
! (12)䗝ᢽ㞾⬅ッ㡖⚍, ᦤপԡ⿏䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
/POST1 ! 䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
PLNSOL,S,Y ! ೒ᔶᰒ⼎㡖⚍⦃৥ᑨ࡯䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
*USE,MAC ! ᠻ㸠ৢ໘⧚ᅣ⿟ᑣMAC
NDE=NODE(0,109.7,0) ! 䗝ᢽ䎱⾏(0,109.7mm,0)ԡ㕂᳔䖥ⱘ㡖⚍, ੑৡЎNDE
*GET,UY2,NODE,NDE,U,Y ! ᦤপ㡖⚍NDEⱘYᮍ৥ԡ⿏UY,ᑊֱᄬࠄব䞣UY2
*SET,U2,(UY2/(1/2.187)) ! 㒭U2ব䞣䌟ؐUY2/(1/2.187)
*status,parm ! ߫㸼ᰒ⼎ব䞣খ᭄ⱘؐ
! (13)ᅮН᭄㒘, ᑊᇚ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰֱᄬࠄ᭄㒘, կ㒧ᵰ䕧ߎ
*DIM,LABEL,CHAR,1,2 ! ᅮН1ˆ2ᄫヺൟ᭄㒘LABEL
*DIM,VALUE,,1,3 ! ᅮН1ˆ3᭄ؐൟ᭄㒘VALUE
LABEL(1,1) = 'DEFL ' ! 㒭᭄㒘LABELⱘ㄀1߫䌟ؐ
LABEL(1,2) = 'mm' ! 㒭᭄㒘LABELⱘ㄀2߫䌟ؐ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,1),DATA,2.187 ! 㒭᭄㒘VALUEⱘ㄀1߫䌟⧚䆎ؐ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,2),DATA,U2 ! 㒭᭄㒘VALUEⱘ㄀2߫䌟䅵ㅫؐ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,3),DATA,ABS(U2/2.187) ! 㒭᭄㒘VALUEⱘ㄀3߫䌟↨ؐ
SAVE, TABLE_2 ! ֱᄬ᭄᥂ࠄ᭄᥂ᑧTABLE_2
! (14)䞡ᮄᓔྟ⫼SOLID98ऩ‫ߚܗ‬ᵤ
/PREP7 ! ࡴ䕑ࠡ໘⧚῵ഫ
smrt,off ! ݇䯁ᱎ㛑࣪ࡳ㛑
RESUME ! 䞡ᮄ䕑ܹ῵ൟ᭄᥂
/TITLE, EX4.7, BENDING OF A CURVED BEAM WITH SOLID98
ET,1,SOLID98,2 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬Ўಯ䴶ԧ㗺ড়എऩ‫ܗ‬SOLID98, Փ⫼㒓ԡ⿏㞾⬅ᑺUX,UY੠UZ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎࠡ໘⧚῵ഫPREP7
! (15)䖯ܹ∖㾷῵ഫᓔྟ∖㾷, ᑊՓ⫼ࠡ䴶ⱘᅣ⿟ᑣ䖯㸠Ⳍᑨⱘৢ໘⧚
/SOLU ! ࡴ䕑∖㾷῵ഫ
SOLVE ! ᓔྟ∖㾷
FINISH ! 䗔ߎ∖㾷῵ഫSOLU
! (16)䗝ᢽ㞾⬅ッ㡖⚍, ᦤপԡ⿏䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
/POST1 ! 䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
PLNSOL,S,Y ! ೒ᔶᰒ⼎㡖⚍⦃৥ᑨ࡯䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
*USE,MAC ! ᠻ㸠ৢ໘⧚ᅣ⿟ᑣMAC

185
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

NDE=NODE(0,109.7,0) ! 䗝ᢽ䎱⾏(0,109.7mm,0)ԡ㕂᳔䖥ⱘ㡖⚍, ੑৡЎNDE

*GET,UY3,NODE,NDE,U,Y ! ᦤপ㡖⚍NDEⱘYᮍ৥ԡ⿏UY,ᑊֱᄬࠄব䞣UY3
*SET,U3,(UY3/(1/2.187)) ! 㒭U3ব䞣䌟ؐUY3/(1/2.187)
*status,parm ! ߫㸼ᰒ⼎ব䞣খ᭄ⱘؐ
! (17)ᅮН᭄㒘, ᑊᇚ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰֱᄬࠄ᭄㒘, կ㒧ᵰ䕧ߎ
*DIM,LABEL,CHAR,1,2 ! ᅮН1ˆ2ᄫヺൟ᭄㒘LABEL
*DIM,VALUE,,1,3 ! ᅮН1ˆ3᭄ؐൟ᭄㒘VALUE
LABEL(1,1) = 'DEFL ' ! 㒭᭄㒘LABELⱘ㄀1߫䌟ؐ
LABEL(1,2) = 'mm' ! 㒭᭄㒘LABELⱘ㄀2߫䌟ؐ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,1),DATA,2.187 ! 㒭᭄㒘VALUEⱘ㄀1߫䌟⧚䆎ؐ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,2),DATA,U3 ! 㒭᭄㒘VALUEⱘ㄀2߫䌟䅵ㅫؐ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,3),DATA,ABS(U3/2.187) ! 㒭᭄㒘VALUEⱘ㄀3߫䌟↨ؐ
SAVE, TABLE_3 ! ֱᄬ᭄᥂ࠄ᭄᥂ᑧTABLE_3
! (18)䞡ᮄᓔྟ⫼SOLID148ऩ‫ߚܗ‬ᵤ
/PREP7 ! ࡴ䕑ࠡ໘⧚῵ഫ
smrt,off ! ݇䯁ᱎ㛑࣪㔥Ḑࡳ㛑
RESUME ! 䞡ᮄ䕑ܹ῵ൟ᭄᥂
/TITLE, EX4.7, BENDING OF A CURVED BEAM WITH SOLID148
ET,1,SOLID148,2 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬Ўϝ㓈ಯ䴶ԧ㒧ᵘ೎ԧ㞾䗖ᑨऩ‫ܗ‬SOLID148, ᓔྟ∈ᑇЎ2㑻
FINISH ! 䗔ߎࠡ໘⧚῵ഫPREP7
! (19)䖯ܹ∖㾷῵ഫᓔྟ∖㾷
/SOLU ! ࡴ䕑∖㾷῵ഫ
SOLVE ! ᓔྟ∖㾷
FINISH ! 䗔ߎ∖㾷῵ഫSOLU
! (20)೒ᔶᰒ⼎⦃৥ᑨ࡯ߚᏗ,Փ⫼ࠡ䴶ⱘᅣ⿟ᑣ䖯㸠ৢ໘⧚, 䗝ᢽ㞾⬅ッ㡖⚍, ᦤপԡ⿏䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
/POST1 ! 䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
SET,LAST ! 䇏᳔ܹৢϔϾ㥋䕑ℹⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
PLNSOL,S,Y ! ೒ᔶᰒ⼎㡖⚍⦃৥ᑨ࡯ⱘ㒧ᵰ
*USE,MAC ! ᠻ㸠ৢ໘⧚ᅣ⿟ᑣMACRO
NDE=NODE(0,109.7,0) ! 䗝ᢽ䎱⾏(0,109.7mm,0)ԡ㕂᳔䖥ⱘ㡖⚍, ੑৡЎNDE
*GET,UY3,NODE,NDE,U,Y ! ᦤপ㡖⚍NDEⱘYᮍ৥ԡ⿏UY,ᑊֱᄬࠄব䞣UY3
*SET,U3,(UY3/(1/2.187)) ! 㒭U2ব䞣䌟ؐUY3/(1/2.187)
*status,parm ! ߫㸼ᰒ⼎ব䞣খ᭄ⱘؐ
! (21)ᅮН᭄㒘, ᑊᇚ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰֱᄬࠄ᭄㒘, կ㒧ᵰ䕧ߎ
*DIM,LABEL,CHAR,1,2 ! ᅮН1ˆ2ᄫヺൟ᭄㒘LABEL
*DIM,VALUE,,1,3 ! ᅮН1ˆ3᭄ؐൟ᭄㒘VALUE
LABEL(1,1) = 'DEFL ' ! 㒭᭄㒘LABELⱘ㄀1߫䌟ؐ
LABEL(1,2) = 'mm' ! 㒭᭄㒘LABELⱘ㄀2߫䌟ؐ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,1),DATA,2.187 ! 㒭᭄㒘VALUEⱘ㄀1߫䌟⧚䆎ؐ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,2),DATA,U3 ! 㒭᭄㒘VALUEⱘ㄀2߫䌟䅵ㅫؐ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,3),DATA,ABS(U3/2.187) ! 㒭᭄㒘VALUEⱘ㄀3߫䌟↨ؐ
SAVE, TABLE_4 ! ֱᄬ᭄᥂ࠄ᭄᥂ᑧTABLE_4
! (22)Ң৘Ͼ᭄᥂ᑧЁᘶ໡᭄᥂, ᑊᇚ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ䕧ߎࠄ᭛ӊEX4_7.out

186
 ㄀ゴᅲԧ῵ൟᑨ࡯ߚᵤ

RESUME,TABLE_1
/COM
/OUT, EX4_7, out ! ᇚ䕧ߎ‫ݙ‬ᆍ䞡ᅮ৥ࠄ᭛ӊEX4_7.out
/COM,------------------- EX4.7 RESULTS COMPARISON ------------
/COM,
/COM, TARGET | ANSYS | RATIO
/COM, SOLID5
/COM,
*VWRITE,LABEL(1,1),LABEL(1,2),VALUE(1,1),VALUE(1,2),VALUE(1,3)
(1X,A8,A8,' ',F11.3,' ',F11.3,' ',1F6.3)
/NOPR
RESUME,TABLE_2
/GOPR
/COM,
/COM, SOLID92
/COM,
*VWRITE,LABEL(1,1),LABEL(1,2),VALUE(1,1),VALUE(1,2),VALUE(1,3)
(1X,A8,A8,' ',F11.3,' ',F11.3,' ',1F6.3)
/NOPR
RESUME,TABLE_3
/GOPR
/COM,
/COM, SOLID98
/COM,
*VWRITE,LABEL(1,1),LABEL(1,2),VALUE(1,1),VALUE(1,2),VALUE(1,3)
(1X,A8,A8,' ',F11.3,' ',F11.3,' ',1F6.3)
/NOPR
RESUME,TABLE_4
/GOPR
/COM,
/COM, SOLID148
/COM,
*VWRITE,LABEL(1,1),LABEL(1,2),VALUE(1,1),VALUE(1,2),VALUE(1,3)
(1X,A8,A8,' ',F11.3,' ',F11.3,' ',1F6.3)
/COM,---------------------------------------------------------
/OUT ! 㒧ᴳ᭄᥂䞡ᅮ৥, ݇䯁䕧ߎ᭛ӊ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
/DELETE,TABLE_1
/DELETE,TABLE_2
/DELETE,TABLE_3
/DELETE,TABLE_4
/DELETE,MAC ! ߴ䰸ᅣ⿟ᑣMAC
*LIST, EX4_7, out ! ߫㸼ᰒ⼎᭛ӊEX4_7.outⱘ‫ݙ‬ᆍ

187
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

4ˊ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ੠䅼䆎

߽⫼Ϟ䴶⿟ᑣ䅵ㅫߎњ 㞖೚ᓻᔶ᳆ṕⱘᑇ䴶ᔃ᳆ⱘ᳔໻ᣴᑺ੠᳔໻ᑨ࡯ˈҢ↨䕗ৃ
ҹⳟߎˈⳌৠⱘऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬ᮍḜˈSOLID92ऩ‫ܗ‬੠SOLID98ऩ‫݋ܗ‬᳝Ⳍৠⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰDŽҢԡ
⿏㒧ᵰⳟˈSOLID148ⱘ䅵ㅫ㊒ᑺ᳔དˈSOLID5ऩ‫ⱘܗ‬ԡ⿏䅵ㅫ㊒ᑺ᳔ᏂˈԚᰃᑨ࡯䅵ㅫ
㊒ᑺ੠䖭Ͼ㾘ᕟϡৠDŽҢ‫ݙ‬ջⱘ᳔໻ᢝᑨ࡯ⳟˈSOLID5ऩ‫ܗ‬᳔དˈSOLID148᳔ᏂDŽҢ໪
ջⱘ᳔໻य़ᑨ࡯ⳟˈSOLID5ऩ‫ܗ‬᳔དˈSOLID92੠SOLID98ऩ‫ܗ‬᳔ᏂDŽ
㸼4.8 ߽⫼ϡৠऩ‫ܗ‬䅵ㅫ 㞖೚ᓻᔶ᳆ṕⱘᑇ䴶ᔃ᳆ⱘ᳔໻ᣴᑺ੠᳔໻ᑨ࡯
ϡৠऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟ 䅵 ㅫ 乍 Ⳃ ⧚ 䆎 㾷 ANSYS㾷 ↨ ؐ
᳔໻ᣴᑺ(mm) 2.187 2.177 0.995
⫼SOLID5ऩ‫ܗ‬䅵ㅫ ‫ݙ‬ջ᳔໻ᢝᑨ࡯(MPa) 44.333 45.905 1.035
໪ջ᳔໻य़ᑨ࡯(MPa) 42.272 45.212 1.070
᳔໻ᣴᑺ(mm) 2.187 2.182 0.998
⫼SOLID92ऩ‫ܗ‬䅵ㅫ ‫ݙ‬ջ᳔໻ᢝᑨ࡯(MPa) 44.333 47.637 1.065
໪ջ᳔໻य़ᑨ࡯(MPa) 42.272 47.034 1.113
᳔໻ᣴᑺ(mm) 2.187 2.182 0.998
⫼SOLID98ऩ‫ܗ‬䅵ㅫ ‫ݙ‬ջ᳔໻ᢝᑨ࡯(MPa) 44.333 47.637 1.065
໪ջ᳔໻य़ᑨ࡯(MPa) 42.272 47.034 1.113
᳔໻ᣴᑺ(mm) 2.187 2.185 0.999
⫼SOLID148ऩ‫ܗ‬䅵ㅫ ‫ݙ‬ջ᳔໻ᢝᑨ࡯(MPa) 44.333 47.23 1.074
໪ջ᳔໻य़ᑨ࡯(MPa) 42.272 45.983 1.088

4.8 ഛࣔᢝ࡯԰⫼ϟ৿೚ᄨᵓⱘᄨ䖍ᑨ࡯䲚Ё
८ᑺt=25.4mmˈ䖍䭓l=304.8mmⱘᮍᵓˈЁᖗ᳝Ⳉᕘd=25.4ⱘ೚ᄨˈ೼∈ᑇᮍ৥ফࠄഛ
ࣔᢝ࡯p=6.895MPaⱘ԰⫼
˄བ೒4.86᠔⼎˅ DŽ ⊞ᵒ↨ μ = 0.3 ˈ
Ꮖⶹᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣E=207GPaˈ
䆩ߚ߿߽⫼Ѡ㓈6㡖⚍ϝ㾦ᔶ೎ԧऩ‫ܗ‬PLANE2ˈѠ㓈ㄝখ೎ԧऩ‫ܗ‬PLANE42੠Ѡ㓈㒧ᵘ೎
ԧ㞾䗖ᑨऩ‫ܗ‬PLANE146ˈ⹂ᅮᵓЁᄨ䖍ⱘ᳔໻ᑨ࡯DŽ
p = 6.895MPa p = 6.895MPa

Yd
l = 304.8mm

= 25.4mm

l = 304.8mm

೒4.86 ഛᏗᢝ࡯԰⫼ϟ৿೚ᄨᵓⱘᄨ䖍ᑨ࡯䲚Ё䅵ㅫ῵ൟ

188
 ㄀ゴᅲԧ῵ൟᑨ࡯ߚᵤ

1ˊ⧚䆎㾷

ᇍѢἁ೚ᄨᑨ࡯䲚Ё䯂乬䳔㽕Փ⫼໡বߑ᭄ᮍ⊩ˈ∖ߎ৿ᄨᔍᗻԧⱘᑨ࡯ߚᏗDŽ೚ᄨ
[1]˖99-101
ᄨ䖍ⱘᑨ࡯䲚Ё䯂乬ˈ߭ৃҹ䕗ㅔऩഄ⫼೼ᵕതᷛ㋏ϟˈञ䗚㾷⊩㦋ᕫDŽ
ḍ᥂᭛⤂[1]ⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰˈҹᄨⱘЁᖗЎതᷛॳ⚍ˈ⊓ⴔ∈ᑇᢝ࡯ᮍ৥Ў x 䕈ˈৃҹᕫ
[1]˖101 ˈ(4-17)ᓣ
ࠄᄨ䖍ⱘᑨ࡯䅵ㅫ݀ᓣˈ唤ᇨ㽓㾷ㄨ
q ⎛ a 2 ⎞ q ⎛ a 2 ⎞⎛ a2 ⎞
σ r = ⎜1 − 2 ⎟ + ⎜1 − 2 ⎟⎜1 − 3 2 ⎟ cos2θ (4.63)
2 ⎝ r ⎠ 2 ⎝ r ⎠⎝ r ⎠
q ⎛ a2 ⎞ q ⎛ a2 ⎞
σ θ = ⎜1 + 2 ⎟ − ⎜1 + 3 2 ⎟ cos2θ (4.64)
2⎝ r ⎠ 2⎝ r ⎠
q ⎛ a 2 ⎞⎛ a2 ⎞
τ rθ = τ θ r = − ⎜1 − 2 ⎟⎜1 + 3 2 ⎟ sin2θ (4.65)
2 ⎝ r ⎠⎝ r ⎠
⊓ⴔᄨ䖍ˈ r = a ˈ⦃৥ᑨ࡯݀ᓣㅔ࣪Ў˖
σ θ = q (1 − 2cos2θ ) (4.66)
⬅ℸৃҹⳟߎˈ䱣ⴔ θ ⱘব࣪ˈ⦃৥ᑨ࡯ⱘؐߚ߿পϟ㸼ⱘؐ˖

? 00 300 450 600 900

s? q 0 q 2q 3q

⊓ⴔ θ = 90o ⱘ y 䕈ᮍ৥ˈ⦃৥ᑨ࡯ⱘব࣪㾘ᕟᰃ˖
⎛ 1 a2 3 a4 ⎞
σ θ = q ⎜1 + 2
+ ⎟ (4.67)
⎝ 2r 2 r4 ⎠
䱣ⴔ䎱⾏ r ⱘব࣪ˈ⦃৥ᑨ࡯ⱘؐབϟ㸼᠔⼎˖

r a 2a 3a 4a
s? 3q 1.22q 1.07q 1.04q

ৃ㾕ˈᑨ࡯䱣ⴔ䖰⾏ᄨ䖍㗠ᗹ࠻䍟䖥ѢqDŽҢ䖭ѯ⡍ᕕⱘᑨ࡯ؐৃҹⳟߎˈ᳔໻ᑨ࡯ߎ
⦄೼ᄨ䖍⊓ⴔ90ᑺᮍ৥ˈेᄨⱘϞϟ‫ݙ‬䖍㓬ˈ᳔໻ᑨ࡯䖒ࠄ3qDŽ

2ˊANSYSߚᵤ

᳈‫݋‬῵ൟⱘᇍ⿄ᗻˈৃপ1/4῵ൟ䖯㸠ߚᵤˈ೼ᇍ⿄䖍⬠Ϟᮑࡴᇍ⿄ⱘԡ⿏䖍⬠ᴵӊDŽ
1/4䅵ㅫ῵ൟ੠݇䬂⚍䆒㕂བ೒4.87᠔⼎DŽ
㡖⚍੠ऩ‫ܗ‬ᅮНᰃ䗮䖛㔥Ḑ⫳៤ࡳ㛑ᅲ⦄ⱘˈҢᄨ䖍ࠄᵓ䖍ⱘऩ‫ܗ‬ሎᇌ䗤⏤๲ࡴˈ䖭
ᰃ⫼㒓ऩ‫↨ߚࠪܗ‬՟಴ᄤ䆒㕂ᴹᅲ⦄ⱘDŽᄨ䖍䰘䖥ऎඳⱘ㔥Ḑ䗮䖛ऩ‫ࡴܗ‬ᆚ䖯㸠њ㒚࣪ˈ
Ϩ䖍⬠ᴵӊᰃᇚ㄀ϔϾ῵ൟ⫼POST1Ёⱘߛ䰸䖍⬠ᦦؐࡳ㛑˄CBDOF˅ᴹᅲ⦄ⱘDŽ

189
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

೒4.87 ഛᏗᢝ࡯԰⫼ϟ৿೚ᄨᵓⱘ1/4᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟ

⿟ᑣ‫ৢܜ‬Փ⫼њ3⾡ϡৠⱘᮍ⊩ᴹ䅵ㅫᄨ䖍ⱘᑨ࡯ߚᏗᚙ‫˖މ‬佪‫ܜ‬䞛⫼ⱘᰃѠ㓈6㡖⚍
ϝ㾦ᔶ೎ԧऩ‫ܗ‬PLANE2 ˈϔ㠀ⱘऩ‫ܗ‬㔥Ḑ䖯㸠䅵ㅫDŽ݊⃵Փ⫼њѠ㓈ㄝখ೎ԧऩ‫ܗ‬
PLANE42ˈ೼ᄨ䖍ऎඳ䞛⫼ᄤ῵ൟᮍ⊩佪‫ܜ‬ᓎゟᄤ῵ൟˈ✊ৢ੠ॳ᳝῵ൟড়ᑊˈ㦋ᕫњᄨ
䖍ⱘᑨ࡯ߚᏗDŽ᳔ৢ߽⫼њѠ㓈㒧ᵘ೎ԧ㞾䗖ᑨऩ‫ܗ‬PLANE146ˈϔ㠀ⱘऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬ᮍḜDŽ
ϟ䴶㒭ߎ䖭3⾡䅵ㅫᮍḜⱘ৘Ͼℹ偸੠䇈ᯢDŽ
(1) ಁᄢٝё༪ົc‫ד‬๥फ໸cӦ၍फ໸ۤϫॸϵ೴d
⫼Ā/NOPRā݇䯁䕧ֵܹᙃড作ᦤ⼎DŽ䗮ᐌANSYSᇍ⫼᠋ⱘ↣Ͼ䕧ܹੑҸ䖯㸠໘⧚ৢˈ
㽕ড作Ⳍᑨⱘ໘⧚㒧ᵰDŽ໻䞣ⱘ᭄᥂䕧ܹ៪㗙ᡍੑҸᮍᓣˈৃҹ݇䯁䕧᭄ܹ᥂ⱘড作ֵᙃDŽ
⫼ߚᵤ㉏ൟᅮНੑҸĀANTYPE,STATICāᅮНߚᵤ㉏ൟЎ䴭࡯ߚᵤDŽ⫼ऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟᅮ
НੑҸĀET,1,PLANE2 āᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬ЎѠ㓈6㡖⚍ϝ㾦ᔶ೎ԧऩ‫ܗ‬PLANE2 DŽ⫼ᴤ᭭খ
᭄ᅮНੑҸĀMP,EX,1,207E3āᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EX=207GPaˈ⫼ĀMP,NUXY,1,0.3ā
ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨NUXY=0.3DŽ
(2) Շ࿌੦໸౨ԅ‫ߏڑ‬Ԥd
⫼ ݇ 䬂 ⚍ ᅮ Н ੑ Ҹ Ā K,1,152.4ā ೼ ത ᷛ(152.4mm,0)ᅮ Н ㄀ 1 Ͼ ݇ 䬂 ⚍ ˈ ೼ ത ᷛ
(152.4mm,152.4mm)ᅮН㄀2Ͼ ݇ 䬂 ⚍ˈ೼തᷛ(0,152.4mm)ᅮН㄀3Ͼ݇䬂⚍ ˈ೼തᷛ
(0,12.7mm)ᅮН㄀4Ͼ݇䬂⚍ˈ೼തᷛ(12.7mm,0)ᅮН㄀5Ͼ݇䬂⚍ˈ೼തᷛॳ⚍(0,0)ᅮН㄀
6Ͼ݇䬂⚍˄བ೒4.88᠔⼎˅
(3) Շ࿌ຬۤຬӦ၍‫דܣ‬ԅѤӊd
⫼ᅮН㒓ੑҸĀL,1,2ā䖛݇䬂⚍1ˈ2ᅮНⳈ㒓ˈ⫼ĀL,2,3ā䖛݇䬂⚍2ˈ3ᅮНⳈ㒓ˈ
⫼ĀL,3,4ā䖛݇䬂⚍3ˈ4ᅮНⳈ㒓DŽ⫼㒓ऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬ሎᇌᅮНੑҸĀLESIZE,3,,,4,.25ā㒭3
ো㒓ᅮНߦߚ↉᭄Ў4੠䯈䎱↨՟0.25DŽ
⫼ᅮН೚ᓻੑҸĀLARC,4,5,6,12.7ā䖛4ো⚍੠5ো⚍ˈҹ6ো⚍Ў೚ᖗˈҹ12.7mmЎ
ञᕘᅮН೚ᓻDŽ⫼㒓ऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬ሎᇌᅮНੑҸĀLESIZE,4,,,6ā㒭4ো೚ᓻ㒓ᅮНߦߚ↉᭄Ў6DŽ
⫼ĀL,5,1ā䖛݇䬂⚍5,1ᅮНⳈ㒓ˈ⫼ĀLESIZE,5,,,4,4ā㒭5ো㒓ᅮНߦߚ↉᭄Ў4੠䯈䎱↨
՟Ў4DŽ㒣䖛䖭ѯᓎ῵ੑҸৢˈᕫࠄབ೒4.88᠔⼎ⱘ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟDŽ
(4) Շ࿌ੋωߜୣ‫דܣ‬นੋӦ၍ē෍໹ມವӦ၍ϣᄢd
⫼㒓ᅮН䴶ⱘੑҸĀAL,1,2,3,4,5ā⫼㒓1ˈ2ˈ3ˈ4੠5ᅮН䴶DŽ⫼ऩ‫ܗ‬ሎᇌᅮНੑҸ
ĀESIZE,,4āᅮНऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬ሎᇌЎߚЎ4↉DŽ⫼䴶ऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬ੑҸĀAMESH,ALLāᇚ᠔᳝ⱘ䴶
ߦߚЎ䴶ऩ‫ˈܗ‬ᕫࠄབ೒4.89᠔⼎ⱘ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬㔥ḐDŽ

190
 ㄀ゴᅲԧ῵ൟᑨ࡯ߚᵤ

೒4.88 䗮䖛݇䬂⚍੠㒓ᅮН৿೚ᄨᵓⱘ1/4᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟ

೒4.89 ⫼䴶ऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬ੑҸᕫࠄⱘ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬㔥Ḑ

⫼Ā/AUTO,1ā䆒㕂῵ൟҹ᳔Շ↨՟ᰒ⼎DŽ⫼㒬೒䗝乍䆒㕂ੑҸĀ/PLOPTS,INFO,0ā
݇䯁೒ᔶにষЁ೒՟ֵᙃᰒ⼎ᷣˈ⫼Ā/PLOPTS,WINS,0ā݇䯁೒ᔶにষⱘ㞾䗖ᑨ䇗ᭈDŽ⫼
にষᅮНੑҸĀ/WINDOW,,LTOPā೼೒ᔶにষⱘᎺϞ㾦ᅮНにষ1DŽ⫼ऩ‫ܗ‬ᰒ⼎ੑҸ
ĀEPLOTā೒ᔶᰒ⼎ऩ‫ܗ‬Ꮧ㕂ˈᕫࠄབ೒4.90᠔⼎ⱘᚙᔶˈ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬㔥Ḑ῵ൟߎ⦄೼њᎺϞ㾦
ⱘにষЁDŽAnsysⱘ೒ᔶにষৃҹߦߚЎ໮Ͼにষˈկৠᯊᰒ⼎῵ൟⱘⳌֵ݇ᙃDŽ䖭Ͼࡳ㛑
೼䆌໮ᚙ‫މ‬ϟ䛑ᰃᕜ᳝⫼ⱘDŽ䇏㗙ᑨ໮ࡴᄺд੠Փ⫼䖭Ͼࡳ㛑DŽ
(5) ༪႔ອ࿫ԅຬēಠަสྭۤ۠ၻΨ࠘ඨߑd
⫼䗝ᢽ㒓ੑҸĀLSEL,S,LINE,,3,5,2ā䗝ᢽ3ো㒓੠5ো㒓ˈ⫼ԡ⿏㑺ᴳੑҸĀDL,ALL,,
SYMMāᇍ᠔᳝䗝ᢽ䲚Ёⱘ㒓ᮑࡴᇍ⿄ԡ⿏㑺ᴳDŽ

191
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೒4.90 ೼ᎺϞ㾦にষᰒ⼎ⱘ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬㔥Ḑ῵ൟ

⫼ĀLSEL,S,LINE,,1ā䗝ᢽ1ো㒓ˈ⫼ĀNSLL,,1ā䗝ᢽ1ো㒓Ϟⱘ㡖⚍DŽ⫼㥋䕑ᅮНੑ
ҸĀSF,ALL,PRES,6.895āᮑࡴᵓッⱘᢝ࡯㥋䕑6.895 MPaDŽ
⫼ĀLSEL,ALLā䗝ᢽ᠔᳝ⱘ㒓ˈ⫼ĀNSEL,ALLā䗝ᢽ᠔᳝㡖⚍DŽ⫼തᷛ㋏ߛᤶੑҸ
ĀCSYS,1āᇚതᷛ㋏ߛᤶࠄ᷅തᷛ㋏DŽ
(6) ࠩదௐࠓ੦ࣖௐࠓēωߜௐࠓࠒ‫ͬڴ‬ӉӾ೴࡬࣏ำߑd
(7) ࠩద‫҉܊‬सēມವ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ڴ‬d
⫼Ā/POST1ā䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫˈ⫼ĀSET,1,1ā䇏ܹ㄀1Ͼ㥋䕑ℹⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰDŽ䗮
ᐌANSYSৃҹ∖㾷䆌໮Ͼ㥋䕑ℹˈᑊৠᯊֱᄬ᠔᳝㥋䕑ℹⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰDŽ⫼᠋䖯㸠ৢ໘⧚П
ࠡˈᑨ䆹‫ܜ‬ᣛᅮ໘⧚䙷ϔϾ㥋䕑ℹⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰDŽ
⫼ĀNSORT,S,X,,,3āᇚ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰᣝSXᥦᑣˈাֱ⬭ࠡ3乍᳔催ⱘ㒧ᵰDŽ⫼㡖⚍㒧ᵰᰒ
⼎ੑҸĀPRNSOL,S,COMPā߫㸼ᰒ⼎ߎᔧ᳔ࠡ催ⱘ3乍ᑨ࡯ߚ䞣䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ˄བ೒4.91᠔⼎˅DŽ

೒4.91 ࠡ3乍∈ᑇᑨ࡯᳔催ⱘ㡖⚍ᑨ࡯䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ

192
 ㄀ゴᅲԧ῵ൟᑨ࡯ߚᵤ

⫼Ā/WINDOW,1,OFFā݇䯁1োにষⱘᰒ⼎ˈ⫼Ā/NOERASEā䗮ⶹANSYSϡ᪺䰸೒
ᔶにষ‫ݙ‬ᆍDŽ⫼Ā/DSCALE,2,1ā⫼㓽ᬒԡ⿏㑺ᴳੑҸˈ㓽ᬒԡ⿏㑺ᴳᅲ䚼2‫ˈס‬㰮䚼1‫ס‬DŽ
⫼にষᅮНੑҸĀ/WINDOW,2,RTOPā೼೒ᔶにষⱘেϞ㾦ᅮНにষ2DŽ⫼㡖⚍㒧ᵰ
ᰒ⼎ੑҸĀPLNSOL,S,Xā೒ᔶᰒ⼎∈ᑇᮍ৥ⱘ㡖⚍ᑨ࡯SXߚᏗ೒˄བ೒4.92᠔⼎˅ˈ⫼
ĀPLNSOL,S,Yā೒ᔶᰒ⼎オⳈᮍ৥ⱘ㡖⚍ᑨ࡯SYߚᏗ೒˄བ೒4.93᠔⼎˅DŽ

೒4.92 ೼েϞ㾦㞾ᅮНにষЁᰒ⼎∈ᑇᮍ৥㡖⚍ᑨ࡯ߚᏗ

೒4.93 ೼েϞ㾦㞾ᅮНにষЁᰒ⼎オⳈᮍ৥㡖⚍ᑨ࡯ߚᏗ

⫼㒧ᵰᦤপੑҸĀ*GET,CRSESTR,NODE,18,S,Xāᦤপ18ো㡖⚍ⱘᑨ࡯SXˈᄬܹব䞣
CRSESTRDŽ⫼ᰒ⼎‫ݙ‬ᄬব䞣ੑҸĀ*status,parmāᰒ⼎‫ݙ‬ᄬব䞣Ёⱘؐˈᕫࠄབ೒4.94᠔⼎
ⱘ㒧ᵰDŽ

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೒4.94 ೼েϞ㾦㞾ᅮНにষЁᰒ⼎オⳈᮍ৥㡖⚍ᑨ࡯ߚᏗ

(8) Շ࿌೴ᆦēߜ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ͬڴ‬ӉӾ೴࡬࣏ำߑTABLE_1d
(9) ூ҂೴࡬࣏ઝఘē‫؟‬έӦ၍फ໸นPLANE42ēᄷ໭‫ޙ‬സd
⫼ऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟᅮНੑҸĀET,1,PLANE42āᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬ЎѠ㓈ㄝখ೎ԧऩ‫ܗ‬PLANE42DŽ
⫼ ᴤ ᭭ খ ᭄ ᅮ Н ੑ Ҹ Ā MP,EX,1,207E3 āᅮН㄀ 1 ㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣 EX=207GPa ˈ ⫼
ĀMP,NUXY,1,0.3āᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨NUXY=0.3DŽ
(10)ၽᅘᆵγຂຏՇ࿌ᆐ੦໸ࣄΨ௕့ԅ‫ߏڑ‬Ԥd
ᣝ✻೒4.95᠔⼎ⱘ݇䬂⚍Ꮧ㕂ˈᣝ✻ϟ䴶ℹ偸ᓎ῵DŽ

೒4.95 ഛᏗᢝ࡯԰⫼ϟ৿೚ᄨᵓ೼೚ᄨ䖍㓬ⱘ݇䬂⚍ࡴᆚ˄ᄤ῵ൟ˅

⫼ĀCSYS,1āߛᤶࠄ᷅തᷛ㋏ϟˈ⫼݇䬂⚍ᅮНੑҸĀK,10,12.7,45āЎᄤ῵ൟ೼തᷛ
˄12.7mm, 45ᑺ˅ᅮН㄀10Ͼ݇䬂⚍ˈ⫼ĀK,11,12.7,90ā೼തᷛ˄12.7mm, 90ᑺ˅ᅮН㄀11
Ͼ݇䬂⚍ˈ⫼ĀK,12,38.1,45ā೼തᷛ˄38.1mm, 45ᑺ˅ᅮН㄀12Ͼ݇䬂⚍ˈ⫼ĀK,13,38.1,90ā
೼തᷛ˄38.1mm, 90ᑺ˅ᅮН㄀13Ͼ݇䬂⚍DŽ⫼䴶ᅮНੑҸĀA,10,12,13,11ā⫼݇䬂⚍10,12,13
੠11ᅮН䴶DŽ⫼ऩ‫ܗ‬ሎᇌᅮНੑҸĀESIZE,,8āᅮНऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬Ў8Ḑˈ⫼ĀMSHK,1ā䆒ᅮ
᯴ᇘ㔥Ḑ䗝乍ˈ⫼ĀMSHA,0,2DāՓ⫼ಯ䖍ᔶ㔥ḐDŽ⫼䴶ऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬ੑҸĀAMESH,1āᣝ✻
Ϟ䴶䗝乍ˈᇍ1ো䴶⿃䖯㸠㔥Ḑߦߚˈᕫࠄབ೒4.96᠔⼎ⱘऩ‫ܗ‬㔥ḐDŽ
(11) ಁᄢғࣇ༪ົ‫܊‬ē‫ݛ‬ᄥӦ၍ϣᄢd
⫼ᄤにষ᪡԰ੑҸĀ/WINDOW,2,OFFā݇䯁2োにষⱘᰒ⼎DŽ⫼Ā/NOERASEāᣛᅮ
ϡ᪺䰸2োにষ‫ݙ‬ᆍDŽ⫼㒬೒䗝乍䆒㕂ੑҸĀ/PLOPTS,INFO,0ā݇䯁೒ᔶにষЁ೒՟ֵᙃ
ᰒ⼎ᷣˈ⫼Ā/PLOPTS,WINS,0ā݇䯁೒ᔶにষⱘ㞾䗖ᑨ䇗ᭈDŽ
⫼Ā/WINDOW,,LTOPā೼೒ᔶにষⱘᎺϞ㾦ᅮНにষ1ˈ⫼Ā/USERāᣛᅮՓ⫼⫼᠋
㞾ᅮН㓽ᬒ↨՟ˈ⫼Ā/DIST,1,18ā⫼᠋㞾ᅮН1োにষⱘ㾖ᆳ䎱⾏18mmˈ⫼Ā/FOCUS,
1,14,25ā⫼᠋㞾ᅮН1োにষⱘ⛺⚍Ў˄14mm,25mm˅DŽ⫼೒ᔶᰒ⼎ऩ‫ܗ‬ੑҸĀEPLOTā
೒ᔶᰒ⼎ऩ‫ܗ‬Ꮧ㕂DŽ

194
 ㄀ゴᅲԧ῵ൟᑨ࡯ߚᵤ

೒4.96 ഛᏗᢝ࡯԰⫼ϟ৿೚ᄨᵓ೼೚ᄨ䖍㓬ⱘ݇䬂⚍ࡴᆚ˄ᄤ῵ൟ˅

⫼ĀLSEL,S,LINE,,1,2ā䗝ᢽ1ো㒓੠2ো㒓ˈ⫼ĀNSLL,,1ā䗝ᢽ1ো㒓Ϟⱘ㡖⚍ˈ⫼
ĀNWRITEāᇚ㡖⚍᭄᥂‫ࠄܹݭ‬᭛ӊ4.8SUBM1.NODEDŽ⫼ĀLSEL,ALLā䗝ᢽ᠔᳝ⱘ㒓ˈ⫼
ĀNSEL,ALLā 䗝ᢽ᠔᳝㡖⚍DŽ⫼ĀSAVEāֱᄬ῵ൟ᭄᥂ࠄ᭄᥂ᑧ4.8SUBM1.DB
(12) ၽ‫҉܊‬स੦ࣖ‫؏݋‬੦໸೴࡬ē‫؏݋‬੦໸೴࡬ۤࠒ‫ڴ‬ำߑd
⫼Ā/POST1ā䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫৢˈ⫼ĀRESUME, EX4.8,dbāҢ᭄᥂ᑧ4.8SUBM1.DB
Ёᘶ໡῵ൟ᭄᥂ˈ⫼ĀFILE, EX4.8,rstāᅮН㒧ᵰ᭛ӊˈ⫼ĀCBDOF,,,,,,,0,,0ā▔⌏ࠪߛ䖍
⬠ᦦؐDŽ
(13) ᄷ໭ՠ੦໸ēಠަϢලԅΨ࠘ඨߑēဈᆐ੦໸ֺ֥ௐࠓd
⫼ĀRESUMEāҢᄤ῵ൟ᭛ӊ4.8SUBM1.DBЁᘶ໡ᄤ῵ൟ᭄᥂ˈ⫼Ā/NOPRā݇䯁ᦤ
⼎ড作ৢˈ⫼䇏ܹ䕧ܹ᭛ӊੑҸĀ/INPUT,,cbdo,,:cb1āҢ᭛ӊ4.8SUBM1.CBDOЁ䇏ܹᦦؐ
䖍⬠ֵᙃˈ⫼Ā/GOPRāᠧᓔᦤ⼎ড作DŽ
⫼ Ā LSEL,S,LINE,,3ā 䗝 ᢽ 3 ো 㒓 ˈ ҹ ᑨ ⫼ ݊ ԭ ⱘ 䖍 ⬠ ᴵ ӊ DŽ ⫼ ԡ ⿏ 㑺 ᴳ ੑ Ҹ
ĀDL,ALL,,SYMMāᇍ䗝ᢽ䲚Ёⱘ㒓ᑨ⫼ᇍ⿄䖍⬠ᴵӊDŽ
(14) ࠩదௐࠓ੦ࣖௐࠓd
(15) ၽ‫҉܊‬स੦ࣖມವ࿫ॏ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ڴ‬d
⫼Ā/POST1ā䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫˈ⫼ĀSET,1,1ā䇏ܹ㄀1Ͼ㥋䕑ℹⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰDŽ⫼
ĀNSORT,S,X,,,3āᇚ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰᣝSXᥦᑣˈাֱ⬭ࠡ3乍᳔催ⱘ㒧ᵰDŽ⫼㒧ᵰ߫㸼ᰒ⼎ੑҸ
ĀPRNSOL,S,COMPā߫㸼ᰒ⼎ᑨ࡯ߚ䞣ᰒ⼎˄བ೒4.97᠔⼎˅DŽ
⫼Ā/WINDOW,1,OFFā݇䯁1োにষⱘᰒ⼎DŽ⫼Ā/AUTO,3āᣛᅮ3োにষЎҹ᳔Շ↨
՟ᰒ⼎೒ᔶDŽ⫼にষᅮНੑҸĀ/WINDOW,3,BOTā೼೒ᔶにষⱘϟञ䚼ߚᅮНにষ3DŽ⫼
Ā/NOERASEāᣛᅮϡ᪺䰸೒ᔶにষDŽ⫼㒬೒䗝乍䆒㕂ੑҸĀ/PLOPTS,MINM,1āᰒ⼎᳔໻
੠᳔ᇣ೒՟DŽ⫼Ā/USER,3āᣛᅮՓ⫼⫼᠋㞾ᅮНⱘ㾚⚍䎱⾏੠⛺⚍ԡ㕂DŽ⫼Ā/DIST,3,5.08ā
ᣛᅮ⫼᠋㞾ᅮНにষ3ⱘ㾚⚍䎱⾏Ў5.08mmDŽ⫼Ā/FOCUS,3,5.08,12.7āᣛᅮ⫼᠋㞾ᅮНに
ষ3ⱘ⛺⚍ԡ㕂(5.08mm,12.7mm)DŽ⫼Ā/CONTOUR,3,,AUTOā㒭にষ3ᑨ⫼㞾ࡼẃᑺ↨՟DŽ
⫼㡖⚍㒧ᵰ೒ᔶᰒ⼎ੑҸĀPLNSOL,SXā೒ᔶᰒ⼎ᑨ࡯ߚ䞣SX䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ˄བ೒4.98᠔⼎˅DŽ

195
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

೒4.97 ࠡ3乍∈ᑇᑨ࡯᳔催ⱘ㡖⚍ᑨ࡯䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ˄ᄤ῵ൟ˅

೒4.98 ࠡ3乍∈ᑇᑨ࡯᳔催ⱘ㡖⚍ᑨ࡯䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ˄ᄤ῵ൟ˅
⫼㒧ᵰᦤপੑҸĀ*GET,SUBSTR,NODE,18,S,Xāᦤপ18ো㡖⚍ⱘXᮍ৥ᑨ࡯SXˈᄬܹ
ব䞣SUBSTR˄བ೒4.99᠔⼎˅DŽ

೒4.99 ⫼ᄤ῵ൟ䅵ㅫⱘ18ো㡖⚍ⱘ∈ᑇᑨ࡯䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ

196
 ㄀ゴᅲԧ῵ൟᑨ࡯ߚᵤ

(16) Շ࿌೴ᆦēߜ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ͬڴ‬ӉӾ೴࡬࣏ำߑTABLE_2d
(17) ‫؟‬έӦ၍फ໸นPLANE146ēᄷ໭‫ޙ‬സd
⫼ऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟᅮНੑҸĀET,1,PLANE146āᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬ЎѠ㓈㒧ᵘ೎ԧ㞾䗖ᑨऩ‫ܗ‬
PLANE146DŽ
(18) ರဈۤԛ2Ϥອලԅ੡গՇ࿌‫ߏڑ‬Ԥd
(19) ರဈۤԛ3Ϥອලԅ੡গՇ࿌ຬۤӦ၍‫דܣ‬ԅխ೴d
(20) ರဈۤԛ4Ϥອලԅ੡গՇ࿌ੋωߜୣ‫דܣ‬นੋӦ၍ē෍໹ມವӦ၍ϣᄢd
(21) ರဈۤԛ5Ϥອලԅ੡গ༪႔ອ࿫ԅຬēಠަสྭۤ۠ၻΨ࠘ඨߑd
(22) ࠩదௐࠓ੦ࣖௐࠓd
(23) ࠩద‫҉܊‬सēມವ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ڴ‬d
⫼Ā/WINDOW,2,RTOPā೼೒ᔶにষⱘেϞ㾦ᅮНにষ2ˈ⫼㡖⚍㒧ᵰ೒ᔶᰒ⼎ੑҸ
ĀPLNSOL,S,Xā೒ᔶᑨ࡯SXⱘߚᏗ೒˄བ೒4.100᠔⼎˅DŽ

೒4.100 ⫼㞾䗖ᑨऩ‫ܗ‬PLANE142䅵ㅫⱘ∈ᑇᑨ࡯ߚᏗ೒

⫼Ā*GET,SUBSTR,NODE,18,S,Xāᦤপ18ো㡖⚍ⱘᑨ࡯SXˈᄬܹব䞣SUBSTR˄བ೒
4.101᠔⼎˅DŽ

೒4.101 ⫼㞾䗖ᑨऩ‫ܗ‬PLANE142䅵ㅫⱘ18ো㡖⚍ⱘ∈ᑇᑨ࡯䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ

197
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

(24) Շ࿌೴ᆦēߜࠒ‫ڴ‬೴࡬ͬӉӾუ໔೴ᆦēӉద೴࡬࣏TABLE_3d
(25) Ҷّْ೴࡬࣏ᄯ‫؏݋‬೴࡬ēྦྷұ೛ѻӾำߑd
(26) ౗҂ᄯ޷೴࡬ำߑd

3ˊANSYS⿟ᑣ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎҹࠡ῵ഫ
/CLEAR, NOSTART ! ⏙䰸᭄᥂,ϡࡴ䕑߱ྟ࣪᭛ӊ
! (1) 䆒㕂Ꮉ⿟䗝乍ǃߚᵤ㉏ൟǃऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟ੠ᴤ᭭খ᭄
/FileName,EX4.8 ! ᅮНᎹ⿟᭛ӊৡ⿄
/PREP7 ! ࡴ䕑ࠡ໘⧚῵ഫ
smrt,off ! ݇䯁ᱎ㛑࣪ࡳ㛑
/TITLE, EX4.8, STRESS CONCENTRATION AT A HOLE IN A PLATE with PLANE2.
C*** ROARK 4TH EDITION, PAGE 384.
/NOPR ! ݇䯁䕧ֵܹᙃড作ᦤ⼎
ANTYPE,STATIC ! ᅮНߚᵤ㉏ൟЎ䴭࡯ߚᵤ
ET,1,PLANE2 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬ЎѠ㓈6㡖⚍ϝ㾦ᔶ೎ԧऩ‫ܗ‬PLANE2
MP,EX,1,207E3 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EX ˙ 207 GPa
MP,NUXY,1,0.3 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨NUXY ˙ 0.3
! (2) ᅮН݇䬂⚍
K,1,152.4 ! ೼തᷛ(152.4mm,0)ᅮН㄀1Ͼ݇䬂⚍
K,2,152.4,152.4 ! ೼തᷛ(152.4mm,152.4mm)ᅮН㄀2Ͼ݇䬂⚍
K,3,,152.4 ! ೼തᷛ(0,152.4mm)ᅮН㄀3Ͼ݇䬂⚍
K,4,,12.7 ! ೼തᷛ(0,12.7mm)ᅮН㄀4Ͼ݇䬂⚍
K,5,12.7 ! ೼തᷛ(12.7mm,0)ᅮН㄀5Ͼ݇䬂⚍
K,6 ! ೼തᷛ(0,0)ᅮН㄀6Ͼ݇䬂⚍
! (3) ᅮН㒓੠㒓ऩ‫ⱘߚߦܗ‬ሎᇌ
L,1,2 ! 䖛݇䬂⚍1,2ᅮНⳈ㒓
L,2,3 ! 䖛݇䬂⚍2,3ᅮНⳈ㒓
L,3,4 ! 䖛݇䬂⚍3,4ᅮНⳈ㒓
LESIZE,3,,,4,.25 ! 㒭3ো㒓ᅮНߦߚ↉᭄Ў4੠䯈䎱↨՟0.25
LARC,4,5,6,12.7 ! ҹ6ো⚍Ў೚ᖗ,䖛5ো⚍੠6ো⚍,ҹ12.7mmЎञᕘᅮН೚ᓻ
LESIZE,4,,,6 ! 㒭4ো㒓ᅮНߦߚ↉᭄Ў6
L,5,1 ! 䖛݇䬂⚍5,1ᅮНⳈ㒓
LESIZE,5,,,4,4 ! 㒭3ো㒓ᅮНߦߚ↉᭄Ў4੠䯈䎱↨՟Ў4
! (4) ᅮН䴶ᑊᇚ݊ߦߚЎ䴶ऩ‫ܗ‬,೒ᔶᰒ⼎ऩ‫ܗ‬Ꮧ㕂
AL,1,2,3,4,5 ! ⫼㒓1,2,3,4੠5ᅮН䴶
ESIZE,,4 ! ऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬ሎᇌЎߚЎ4↉
AMESH,ALL ! ᇚ᠔᳝ⱘ䴶ߦߚЎ䴶ऩ‫ܗ‬
/AUTO,1 ! 䆒㕂῵ൟᰒ⼎ⱘ᳔Շ↨՟
/PLOPTS,INFO,0 ! ݇䯁೒ᔶにষЁ೒՟ֵᙃᰒ⼎ᷣ
/PLOPTS,WINS,0 ! ݇䯁೒ᔶにষⱘ㞾䗖ᑨ䇗ᭈ
/WINDOW,,LTOP ! ೼೒ᔶにষⱘᎺϞ㾦ᅮНにষ1
EPLOT ! ೒ᔶᰒ⼎ऩ‫ܗ‬Ꮧ㕂

198
 ㄀ゴᅲԧ῵ൟᑨ࡯ߚᵤ

! (5) 䗝ᢽⳌᑨⱘ㒓,ᮑࡴԡ⿏੠㥋䕑䖍⬠ᴵӊ
LSEL,S,LINE,,3,5,2 ! 䗝ᢽ3ো㒓੠5ো㒓
DL,ALL,,SYMM ! ᇍ᠔᳝ⱘ䗝ᢽ䲚Ёⱘ㒓ᮑࡴᇍ⿄ԡ⿏㑺ᴳ
LSEL,S,LINE,,1 ! 䗝ᢽ1ো㒓
NSLL,,1 ! 䗝ᢽ1ো㒓Ϟⱘ㡖⚍
SF,ALL,PRES,-6.895 ! ᮑࡴᵓッⱘᢝ࡯㥋䕑6.895 MPa
LSEL,ALL ! 䗝ᢽ᠔᳝ⱘ㒓
NSEL,ALL ! 䗝ᢽ᠔᳝㡖⚍
CSYS,1 ! ᇚതᷛ㋏ߛᤶࠄ᷅തᷛ㋏
FINISH ! 䗔ߎࠡ໘⧚῵ഫPREP7
! (6) 䖯ܹ∖㾷῵ഫ∖㾷
/SOLU ! ࡴ䕑∖㾷῵ഫ
SOLVE ! ᓔྟ∖㾷
FINISH ! 䗔ߎ∖㾷῵ഫSOLUTION
SAVE ! ֱᄬ᭄᥂ࠄ᭄᥂ᑧEX4.8.DB
! (7) 䖯ܹৢ໘⧚,ᰒ⼎䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
/POST1 ! 䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
SET,1,1 ! 䇏ܹ㄀1Ͼ㥋䕑ℹⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
NSORT,S,X,,,3 ! ᇚ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰᣝSXᥦᑣ,াֱ⬭ࠡ3乍᳔催ⱘ㒧ᵰ
PRNSOL,S,COMP ! ߫㸼ᰒ⼎ᑨ࡯ߚ䞣䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
/WINDOW,1,OFF ! ݇䯁1োにষⱘᰒ⼎
/NOERASE ! ϡ᪺䰸೒ᔶにষ
/DSCALE,2,1 ! ⫼㓽ᬒԡ⿏㑺ᴳੑҸ,㓽ᬒԡ⿏㑺ᴳᅲ䚼2‫ס‬,㰮䚼1‫ס‬
/WINDOW,2,RTOP ! ೼೒ᔶにষⱘেϞ㾦ᅮНにষ2
PLNSOL,S,X ! ೒ᔶᰒ⼎∈ᑇᮍ৥ⱘ㡖⚍ᑨ࡯SXߚᏗ೒
PLNSOL,S,Y ! ೒ᔶᰒ⼎オⳈᮍ৥ⱘ㡖⚍ᑨ࡯SYߚᏗ೒
*GET,CRSESTR,NODE,18,S,X ! ᦤপ18ো㡖⚍ⱘᑨ࡯SX,ᄬܹব䞣CRSESTR
*status,parm ! ᰒ⼎‫ݙ‬ᄬব䞣Ёⱘؐ
! (8) ᅮН᭄㒘,ᇚ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰֱᄬࠄ᭄㒘,✊ৢֱᄬࠄ᭄᥂ᑧ᭛ӊTABLE_1
*DIM,LABEL,CHAR,1,2 ! ᅮН1*2ⱘᄫヺൟ᭄㒘LABEL
*DIM,VALUE,,1,3 ! ᅮН1*3ⱘ᭄ؐൟ᭄㒘VALUE
LABEL(1,1) = 'MX STR ' ! 㒭᭄㒘LABELⱘ㄀1߫䌟ؐ
LABEL(1,2) = 'CRS MODEL' ! 㒭᭄㒘LABELⱘ㄀2߫䌟ؐ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,1),DATA,20.81 ! 㒭᭄㒘VALUEⱘ㄀1߫䌟⧚䆎ؐ20.81MPa
*VFILL,VALUE(1,2),DATA,CRSESTR ! 㒭᭄㒘VALUEⱘ㄀2߫䌟䅵ㅫؐ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,3),DATA,ABS(CRSESTR/20.81) ! 㒭᭄㒘VALUEⱘ㄀3߫䌟↨ؐ
SAVE, TABLE_1 ! ֱᄬ᭄᥂ࠄ᭄᥂ᑧTABLE_1
! (9) ᬍবऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟЎPLANE42,⫼ᄤ῵ൟᡔᴃ䞡ᮄ䅵ㅫ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
/CLEAR, NOSTART ! ⏙䰸᭄᥂,ϡࡴ䕑߱ྟ࣪᭛ӊ!
/FILNAME,4.8SUBM1 ! ᅮНᄤ㒧ᵘߚᵤ᭛ӊৡ
/PREP7 ! ࡴ䕑ࠡ໘⧚῵ഫ
smrt,off ! ݇䯁ᱎ㛑࣪㔥Ḑࡳ㛑
/NOPR ! ݇䯁䕧ֵܹᙃড作ᦤ⼎

199
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

/TITLE, EX4.8, STRESS CONCENTRATION AT A HOLE IN A PLATE With PLANE42 SUB-MODEL

C*** BOUNDARY INTERPOLATION, MODIFIED SECTION
ANTYPE,STATIC ! ᅮНߚᵤ㉏ൟЎ䴭࡯ߚᵤ
ET,1,PLANE42 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬ЎѠ㓈ㄝখ೎ԧऩ‫ܗ‬PLANE42
MP,EX,1,207E3 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EX˙207 GPa
MP,NUXY,1,0.3 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨NUXY˙0.3
! (10) ೼᷅തᷛ㋏ϟᅮНᄨ䖍ᄤ῵ൟϞⱘ݇䬂⚍
CSYS,1 ! ߛᤶࠄ᷅തᷛ㋏ϟ
K,10,12.7,45 ! Ўᄤ῵ൟ೼തᷛ˄12.7mm, 45ᑺ˅ᅮН㄀10Ͼ݇䬂⚍
K,11,12.7,90 ! ೼തᷛ˄12.7mm, 90ᑺ˅ᅮН㄀11Ͼ݇䬂⚍
K,12,38.1,45 ! ೼തᷛ˄38.1mm, 45ᑺ˅ᅮН㄀12Ͼ݇䬂⚍
K,13,38.1,90 ! ೼തᷛ˄38.1mm, 90ᑺ˅ᅮН㄀13Ͼ݇䬂⚍
A,10,12,13,11 ! ݇䬂⚍10,12,13੠11ᅮН䴶
ESIZE,,8 ! ऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬Ў8Ḑ
MSHK,1 ! 䆒ᅮ᯴ᇘ㔥Ḑ䗝乍
MSHA,0,2D ! Փ⫼ಯ䖍ᔶ㔥Ḑ
AMESH,1 ! ᣝ✻Ϟ䴶䗝乍,ᇍ1ো䴶⿃䖯㸠㔥Ḑߦߚ
! (11) 䆒㕂にষ䗝乍ৢ,㒬ࠊऩ‫ܗ‬Ꮧ㕂
/WINDOW,2,OFF ! ݇䯁2োにষⱘᰒ⼎
/ERASE ! ᪺䰸ሣᐩ
/PLOPTS,INFO,0 ! ݇䯁೒ᔶにষЁ೒՟ֵᙃᰒ⼎ᷣ
/PLOPTS,WINS,0 ! ݇䯁೒ᔶにষⱘ㞾䗖ᑨ䇗ᭈ
/WINDOW,,LTOP ! ೼೒ᔶにষⱘᎺϞ㾦ᅮНにষ1
/USER ! Փ⫼⫼᠋㞾ᅮН㓽ᬒ↨՟
/DIST,1,18 ! ⫼᠋㞾ᅮН1োにষⱘ㾖ᆳ䎱⾏18mm
/FOCUS,1,14,25 ! ⫼᠋㞾ᅮН1োにষⱘ⛺⚍(14mm,25mm)
EPLOT ! ೒ᔶᰒ⼎ऩ‫ܗ‬Ꮧ㕂
LSEL,S,LINE,,1,2 ! 䗝ᢽ1ো㒓੠2ো㒓
NSLL,,1 ! 䗝ᢽ1ো㒓Ϟⱘ㡖⚍
NWRITE ! ᇚ㡖⚍᭄᥂‫ࠄܹݭ‬᭛ӊ 4.8SUBM1.NODE
LSEL,ALL ! 䗝ᢽ᠔᳝ⱘ㒓
NSEL,ALL ! 䗝ᢽ᠔᳝㡖⚍
FINISH ! 䗔ߎࠡ໘⧚῵ഫPREP7
SAVE ! ֱᄬᄤ῵ൟ᭄᥂ࠄ᭄᥂ᑧ4.8SUBM1.DB
! (12) ೼ৢ໘⧚῵ഫᘶ໡῵ൟ᭄᥂,䇏ܹ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
/POST1 ! 䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
RESUME, EX4.8,db ! Ң᭄᥂ᑧEX4.8.DBЁᘶ໡ᑇᵓ῵ൟ᭄᥂
FILE, EX4.8,rst ! ᅮН㒧ᵰ᭛ӊ
CBDOF,,,,,,,0,,0 ! ▔⌏ࠪߛ䖍⬠ᦦؐ
! (13) 䞡ᮄ䇏῵ൟ,ᮑࡴϡৠⱘ䖍⬠ᴵӊ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
/PREP7 ! ࡴ䕑ࠡ໘⧚῵ഫ
smrt,off ! ݇䯁ᱎ㛑࣪ࡳ㛑
RESUME ! Ңᄤ῵ൟ᭛ӊ4.8SUBM1.DBЁᘶ໡ᄤ῵ൟ᭄᥂

200
 ㄀ゴᅲԧ῵ൟᑨ࡯ߚᵤ

/NOPR ! ݇䯁ᦤ⼎ড作
/INPUT,,cbdo,,:cb1 ! Ң᭛ӊ4.8SUBM1.CBDOЁ䇏ܹᦦؐ䖍⬠ֵᙃ
/GOPR ! ᠧᓔᦤ⼎ড作
LSEL,S,LINE,,3 ! 䗝ᢽ3ো㒓,ҹᑨ⫼݊ԭⱘ䖍⬠ᴵӊ
DL,ALL,,SYMM ! ᇍ䗝ᢽ䲚Ёⱘ㒓ᑨ⫼ᇍ⿄䖍⬠ᴵӊ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎࠡ໘⧚῵ഫPREP7
! (14) 䖯ܹ∖㾷῵ഫ∖㾷
/SOLU ! ࡴ䕑∖㾷῵ഫ
SOLVE ! ᓔྟ∖㾷
FINISH ! 䗔ߎ∖㾷῵ഫSOLU
! (15) ೼ৢ໘⧚῵ഫᰒ⼎ᑨ࡯䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ,
/POST1 ! 䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
SET,1,1 ! 䇏ܹ㄀1Ͼ㥋䕑ℹⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
NSORT,S,X,,,3 ! ᇚ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰᣝSXᥦᑣ,াֱ⬭ࠡ3乍᳔催ⱘ㒧ᵰ
PRNSOL,S,COMP ! ߫㸼ᰒ⼎ᑨ࡯ߚ䞣ᰒ⼎
/WINDOW,1,OFF ! ݇䯁1োにষⱘᰒ⼎
/AUTO,3 ! ᣛᅮ3োにষЎҹ᳔Շ↨՟ᰒ⼎೒ᔶ
/WINDOW,3,BOT ! ೼೒ᔶにষⱘϟञ䚼ߚᅮНにষ3
/NOERASE ! ϡ᪺䰸೒ᔶにষ
/PLOPTS,MINM,1 ! ᰒ⼎᳔໻੠᳔ᇣ೒՟
/USER,3 ! ᣛᅮ⫼᠋㞾ᅮНⱘ㾚⚍䎱⾏੠⛺⚍ԡ㕂
/DIST,3,5.08 ! ᣛᅮ⫼᠋㞾ᅮНⱘ㾚⚍䎱⾏Ў5.08mm
/FOCUS,3,5.08,12.7 ! ᣛᅮ⫼᠋㞾ᅮНⱘ⛺⚍ԡ㕂(5.08mm,12.7mm)
/CONTOUR,3,,AUTO ! 㒭にষ3ᑨ⫼㞾ࡼẃᑺ↨՟
PLNSOL,SX ! ߫㸼ᰒ⼎ᑨ࡯ߚ䞣SX䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
*GET,SUBSTR,NODE,18,S,X ! ᦤপ18ো㡖⚍ⱘXᮍ৥ᑨ࡯SX,ᄬܹব䞣SUBSTR
! (16) ᅮН᭄㒘,ᇚ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰֱᄬࠄ᭄㒘,✊ৢֱᄬࠄ᭄᥂ᑧ᭛ӊTABLE_2
*DIM,LABEL,CHAR,1,2 ! ᅮН1*2ⱘᄫヺൟ᭄㒘LABEL
*DIM,VALUE,,1,3 ! ᅮН1*3ⱘ᭄ؐൟ᭄㒘LABEL
LABEL(1,1) = 'MAX STRS' ! 㒭᭄㒘LABELⱘ㄀1߫䌟ؐ
LABEL(1,2) = ' SUBMOD' ! 㒭᭄㒘LABELⱘ㄀2߫䌟ؐ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,1),DATA,20.81 ! 㒭᭄㒘VALUEⱘ㄀1߫䌟⧚䆎ؐ20.81MPa
*VFILL,VALUE(1,2),DATA,SUBSTR ! 㒭᭄㒘VALUEⱘ㄀2߫䌟䅵ㅫؐ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,3),DATA,ABS(SUBSTR/20.81 ) ! 㒭᭄㒘VALUEⱘ㄀3߫䌟↨ؐ
SAVE, TABLE_2 ! ֱᄬ᭄᥂ࠄ咬䅸᭄᥂ᑧTABLE_2
! (17) ᬍবऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟЎPLANE146,䞡ᮄ䅵ㅫ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
/CLEAR,NOSTART ! ⏙䰸᠔᭄᳝᥂, ϡࡴ䕑߱ྟ࣪᭛ӊ
/FILNAME,4.8SUBM1 ! ᅮНᄤ㒧ᵘߚᵤ᭛ӊৡ
/PREP7 ! ࡴ䕑ࠡ໘⧚῵ഫ
smrt,off ! ݇䯁ᱎ㛑࣪㔥Ḑࡳ㛑
/TITLE, EX4.8, STRESS CONCENTRATION AT A HOLE IN A PLATE With PLANE146 Element
C*** ROARK 4TH EDITION, PAGE 384.
/NOPR ! ݇䯁䕧ֵܹᙃড作ᦤ⼎

201
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

ANTYPE,STATIC ! ᅮНߚᵤ㉏ൟЎ䴭࡯ߚᵤ
ET,1,PLANE146 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬ЎѠ㓈㒧ᵘ೎ԧ㞾䗖ᑨऩ‫ܗ‬PLANE146
MP,EX,1,207E3 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EX ˙ 207 GPa
MP,NUXY,1,0.3 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨NUXY ˙ 0.3
! (18)ᅮН݇䬂⚍
K,1,152.4 ! ೼തᷛ(152.4mm,0)ᅮН㄀1Ͼ݇䬂⚍
K,2,152.4,152.4 ! ೼തᷛ(152.4mm,152.4mm)ᅮН㄀2Ͼ݇䬂⚍
K,3,,152.4 ! ೼തᷛ(0,152.4mm)ᅮН㄀3Ͼ݇䬂⚍
K,4,,12.7 ! ೼തᷛ(0,12.7mm)ᅮН㄀4Ͼ݇䬂⚍
K,5,12.7 ! ೼തᷛ(12.7mm,0)ᅮН㄀5Ͼ݇䬂⚍
K,6 ! ೼തᷛ(0,0)ᅮН㄀6Ͼ݇䬂⚍
! (19)ᅮН㒓੠ऩ‫↉ⱘߚߦܗ‬᭄
L,1,2 ! 䖛݇䬂⚍1,2ᅮНⳈ㒓
L,2,3 ! 䖛݇䬂⚍2,3ᅮНⳈ㒓
L,3,4 ! 䖛݇䬂⚍3,4ᅮНⳈ㒓
LESIZE,3,,,4,.25 ! 㒭3ো㒓ᅮНߦߚ↉᭄Ў4੠䯈䎱↨՟0.25
LARC,4,5,6,12.7 ! ҹ6ো⚍Ў೚ᖗ,䖛5ো⚍੠6ো⚍,ҹ12.7mmЎञᕘᅮН೚ᓻ
LESIZE,4,,,6 ! 㒭4ো㒓ᅮНߦߚ↉᭄Ў6
L,5,1 ! 䖛݇䬂⚍5,1ᅮНⳈ㒓
LESIZE,5,,,4,4 ! 㒭3ো㒓ᅮНߦߚ↉᭄Ў4੠䯈䎱↨՟Ў4
! (20) ᅮН䴶ᑊᇚ݊ߦߚЎ䴶ऩ‫ܗ‬,೒ᔶᰒ⼎ऩ‫ܗ‬Ꮧ㕂
AL,1,2,3,4,5 ! ⫼㒓1,2,3,4੠5ᅮН䴶
ESIZE,,4 ! ऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬ሎᇌЎߚЎ4↉
AMESH,ALL ! ᇚ᠔᳝ⱘ䴶ߦߚЎ䴶ऩ‫ܗ‬
/AUTO,1 ! 䆒㕂῵ൟᰒ⼎ⱘ᳔Շ↨՟
/PLOPTS,INFO,0 ! ݇䯁೒ᔶにষЁ೒՟ֵᙃᰒ⼎ᷣ
/PLOPTS,WINS,0 ! ݇䯁೒ᔶにষⱘ㞾䗖ᑨ䇗ᭈ
/WINDOW,,LTOP ! ೼೒ᔶにষⱘᎺϞ㾦ᅮНにষ1
EPLOT ! ೒ᔶᰒ⼎ऩ‫ܗ‬Ꮧ㕂
! (21) 䗝ᢽⳌᑨⱘ㒓,ᮑࡴԡ⿏੠㥋䕑䖍⬠ᴵӊ
LSEL,S,LINE,,3,5,2 ! 䗝ᢽ3ো㒓੠5ো㒓
DL,ALL,,SYMM ! ᇍ᠔᳝ⱘ䗝ᢽ䲚Ёⱘ㒓ᮑࡴᇍ⿄ԡ⿏㑺ᴳ
LSEL,S,LINE,,1 ! 䗝ᢽ1ো㒓
NSLL,,1 ! 䗝ᢽ1ো㒓Ϟⱘ㡖⚍
SF,ALL,PRES,-6.895 ! ᮑࡴᵓッⱘᢝ࡯㥋䕑6.895 MPa
LSEL,ALL ! 䗝ᢽ᠔᳝ⱘ㒓
NSEL,ALL ! 䗝ᢽ᠔᳝㡖⚍
CSYS,1 ! ᇚതᷛ㋏ߛᤶࠄ᷅തᷛ㋏
FINISH ! 䗔ߎࠡ໘⧚῵ഫPREP7
! (22) 䖯ܹ∖㾷῵ഫ∖㾷
/SOLU ! ࡴ䕑∖㾷῵ഫ
SOLVE ! ᓔྟ∖㾷
FINISH ! 䗔ߎ∖㾷῵ഫSOLU
! (23) 䖯ܹৢ໘⧚,ᰒ⼎䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ

202
 ㄀ゴᅲԧ῵ൟᑨ࡯ߚᵤ

/POST1 ! 䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
SET,1,1 ! 䇏ܹ㄀1Ͼ㥋䕑ℹⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
/WINDOW,1,OFF ! ݇䯁1োにষⱘᰒ⼎
/NOERASE ! ϡ᪺䰸೒ᔶにষ
/DSCALE,2,1 ! ⫼㓽ᬒԡ⿏㑺ᴳੑҸ,㓽ᬒԡ⿏㑺ᴳᅲ䚼2‫ס‬,㰮䚼1‫ס‬
/WINDOW,2,RTOP ! ೼೒ᔶにষⱘেϞ㾦ᅮНにষ2
PLNSOL,S,X ! ೒ᔶᑨ࡯SXⱘߚᏗ೒
*GET,SUBSTR,NODE,18,S,X ! ᦤপ18ো㡖⚍ⱘᑨ࡯SX,ᄬܹব䞣SUBSTR
! (24) ᅮН᭄㒘,ᇚ㒧ᵰ᭄᥂ֱᄬࠄ䖭ѯ᭄㒘,✊ৢᄬ᭄ܹ᥂ᑧTABLE_3
*DIM,LABEL,CHAR,1,2 ! ᅮН1*2ⱘᄫヺൟ᭄㒘LABEL
*DIM,VALUE,,1,3 ! ᅮН1*3ⱘ᭄ؐൟ᭄㒘LABEL
LABEL(1,1) = 'MAX STRS' ! 㒭᭄㒘LABELⱘ㄀1߫䌟ؐ
LABEL(1,2) = 'CRS MOD ' ! 㒭᭄㒘LABELⱘ㄀2߫䌟ؐ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,1),DATA,20.81 ! 㒭᭄㒘VALUEⱘ㄀1߫䌟⧚䆎ؐ20.81MPa
*VFILL,VALUE(1,2),DATA,SUBSTR ! 㒭᭄㒘VALUEⱘ㄀2߫䌟䅵ㅫؐ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,3),DATA,ABS(SUBSTR/20.81 ) ! 㒭᭄㒘VALUEⱘ㄀3߫䌟↨ؐ
SAVE,TABLE_3 ! ֱᄬ᭄᥂ࠄ咬䅸᭄᥂ᑧTABLE_3
FINISH ! 䗔ߎৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
! (25) Ң৘Ͼ᭄᥂ᑧЁᘶ໡᭄᥂,ձ⃵䕧ߎࠄ᭛ӊ
RESUME,TABLE_1
/OUT, EX4_8, out ! ᇚ䕧ߎ‫ݙ‬ᆍ䞡ᅮ৥ࠄ᭛ӊEX4_8.out
/COM,------------------- EX4.8 RESULTS COMPARISON---------------
/COM,
/COM, | TARGET | ANSYS | RATIO
/COM,
/COM,PLANE2
*VWRITE,LABEL(1,1),LABEL(1,2),VALUE(1,1),VALUE(1,2),VALUE(1,3)
(1X,A8,A8,' ',F10.3,' ',F10.3,' ',1F5.3)
/NOPR
RESUME,TABLE_2
/GOPR
/COM,
/COM,PLANE42
*VWRITE,LABEL(1,1),LABEL(1,2),VALUE(1,1),VALUE(1,2),VALUE(1,3)
(1X,A8,A8,' ',F10.3,' ',F10.3,' ',1F5.3)
/NOPR
RESUME,TABLE_3
/GOPR
/COM,
/COM,PLANE146
*VWRITE,LABEL(1,1),LABEL(1,2),VALUE(1,1),VALUE(1,2),VALUE(1,3)
(1X,A8,A8,' ',F10.3,' ',F10.3,' ',1F5.3)
/COM,-----------------------------------------------------------
/COM,

203
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

/OUT ! 㒧ᴳ᭄᥂䞡ᅮ৥,݇䯁䕧ߎ᭛ӊ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
*LIST, EX4_8, out ! ߫㸼ᰒ⼎᭛ӊEX4_8.outⱘ‫ݙ‬ᆍ
! (26) ߴ䰸Ё䯈᭄᥂᭛ӊ
/DEL,4.8SUBM1,cbdo
/DEL,4.8SUBM1,db
/DEL,4.8SUBM1,emat
/DEL,4.8SUBM1,esav
/DEL,4.8SUBM1,node
/DEL,4.8SUBM1,rst
/DEL,TABLE_1
/DEL,TABLE_2
/DEL,TABLE_3

4ˊ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ䅼䆎

߽⫼Ϟ䴶⿟ᑣߚ߿⫼ϡৠऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟᇍᄨ䖍ᑨ࡯䲚Ё䯂乬䖯㸠њ䅵ㅫˈᕫࠄབ㸼4.9᠔⼎
ⱘ㒧ᵰDŽऩ‫ܗ‬Plane2䞛⫼᱂䗮ⱘऩ‫ܗ‬㔥Ḑߦߚˈ಴㗠䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰⱘ㊒ᑺ᳔ᏂDŽऩ‫ܗ‬Plane146
г䞛⫼੠Plane2Ⳍৠⱘ῵ൟ੠㔥ḐߦߚᮍḜˈ⬅Ѣ݊Ӭ䍞ⱘ㞾䗖ᑨ㛑࡯ˈՓ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰⱘ㊒
ᑺ໻໻ᦤ催DŽPlane42ऩ‫ܗ‬䞛⫼њᄨ䖍ሔ䚼ऎඳⱘᄤ㒧ᵘ㔥Ḑᡔᴃˈᵕ໻ഄᦤ催њ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
ⱘ‫⹂ޚ‬ᑺDŽ
㸼4.9 ϡৠऩ‫ܗ‬䅵ㅫഛࣔᢝ࡯԰⫼ϟⱘᄨ䖍᳔໻∈ᑇᑨ࡯㒧ᵰ੠⧚䆎㾷ⱘ↨ؐ
ϡৠऩ‫ܗ‬ ⧚ 䆎 㾷 (MPa) Ansys㾷 (MPa) ↨ ؐ
PLANE2ऩ‫ܗ‬ϔ㠀㔥Ḑ 20.810 18.041 0.867
PLANE42ऩ‫ⱘܗ‬ᄤ㒧ᵘ 20.810 20.621 0.991
PLANE146ऩ‫ܗ‬ϔ㠀㔥Ḑ 20.810 20.012 0.962

4.9 ϸッ೎ᅮⱘ८ຕㅵ䘧೼㞾䞡԰⫼ϟⱘবᔶ੠ᑨ࡯
䭓ᑺl=5080ˈ໪Ⳉᕘd0 =50.8mmˈ‫Ⳉݙ‬ᕘdi =25.4mmⱘ८ຕ೚ㄦˈ೎ᅮ೼ϸϾ߮ᗻ๭ຕ
3
П䯈˄བ೒4.102᠔⼎˅DŽᏆⶹᴤ᭭ᆚᑺµ=7802kg/m ˈᔍᗻ῵䞣E=206.85GPaˈ⊞ᵒ↨ μ = 0 ˈ
2
䞡࡯ࡴ䗳ᑺপg=9.804m/s ˈ䆩߽⫼4㡖⚍䕈ᇍ⿄ण䇗೎ԧऩ‫ܗ‬PLANE25ˈ⹂ᅮ೼㞾䞡԰⫼
ϟⱘ᳔໻ᣴᑺˈ੠䎱⾏๭ຕy=212mmԡ㕂໘ㄦ໪ຕⱘ᳔໻ᢝᑨ࡯s maxDŽ

d0=50.8mm d i =25.4mm

l =5080mm
g

೒4.102 ϸッ೎ᅮⱘ८ຕㅵ䘧೼㞾䞡԰⫼ϟⱘবᔶ੠ᑨ࡯䅵ㅫ῵ൟ

204
 ㄀ゴᅲԧ῵ൟᑨ࡯ߚᵤ

1ˊ⧚䆎㾷

(1) ဎખէ٤಴ۤ෵ࡧ٤಴௲ՇᆫӖખէۤᆫӖ෵ࡧd
ḍ᥂[6]˖112㸼Ё݀ᓣ33ˈᣴᑺ㸼䖒ᓣ੠ᔃⶽ㸼䖒ᓣߚ߿Ў˖
qx 2 ql x2 l
y (x ) = (2lx − l 2 − x2 ), M ( x ) = ( x − − )
24 EI 2 l 6
ᑊ⬅ℸ⹂ᅮߎˈ᳔໻ᣴᑺߎ⦄೼䎼Ёԡ㕂ˈे˖
l ql 4
ymax = y ( ) = −
2 384EI
᳔໻ℷᔃⶽߎ⦄೼䎼Ёԡ㕂ˈ᳔໻䋳ᔃⶽߎ⦄೼೎ᅮッԡ㕂ˈे˖
ql 2 ql 2
Mmax=M(l/2)= ˈMmin=M(0)=M(l)=
24 12
(2) ೴ᄔ‫ޙ‬സᆫӖખէd
ҷ᭄ܹؐˈৃҹ⹂ᅮߎ䎼Ёԡ㕂ⱘ᳔໻ᣴᑺЎ˖
2 2
q = ρgA = ρg (d 0 − d i )π / 4
= 7802 × 9. 0804 × (0. 0508 2 − 0. 0254 2 )3.14159 / 4 = 114. 511N/M
I z = π ( d0 4 − d i 4 )/64
= 3.14159 × (0.05084 − 0.02544) / 6 4 = 3.0648 × 10−7 m 4
EI = Eπ ( d0 4 − di 4 ) / 6 4 = 206.85 ×10 9 × 3.0648 ×10 − 7 = 63395 Ngmm
ql 4 114.511 × 5.084
ymax = − =− = 3.132 mm
384 EI 384 × 63395
(3) ೴ᄔ‫ޙ‬സᆫӖ෵ࡧۤᆫӖ࿫ॏd
䎱⾏๭ຕ y = 212 mm ԡ㕂ⱘᔃⶽؐЎ˖
114.511× 5.08 0.2122 5.08
M ( x = 0.212) = (0.212 − − ) = −187.1Ngmm
2 5.080 6
߭䆹៾䴶ϞⱘϞϟ䖍㓬໘ⱘᑨ࡯˄াᰃᔃ᳆ᑨ࡯˅Ў˖
Md 0 187.1 × 0.0508
σ ( x = 0.212) = =− = −15.51MPa
2I z 2 × 3.0648 ×10 −7

2ˊANSYSߚᵤ

੠ҹᕔ῵ൟϡৠⱘᰃˈ䖭䞠Փ⫼䕈ᇍ⿄ᅲԧऩ‫ܗ‬ᴹ῵ൟ䴲䕈ᇍ⿄㥋䕑԰⫼ϟⱘবᔶ੠
ᑨ࡯DŽᣝ✻䕈ᇍ⿄ऩ‫ⱘܗ‬῵ൟᴹⳟˈᴀᴹ䞡࡯ᰃ⊓ⴔ䪙Ⳉ৥ϟⱘᮍ৥ⱘԧ⿃࡯ˈ೼䕈ᇍ⿄
ऩ‫ߚⱘܗ‬ᵤЁˈैᰃ⊓ⴔᕘ৥ߚᏗব࣪ⱘ㥋䕑DŽ
ব࣪㥋䕑ԧ⿃࡯ⱘ᳔໻ᐙؐㄝѢ䞡࡯ࡴ䗳ᑺˈᣝ✻ԭᓺߑ᭄㾘ᕟব࣪DŽ↣ϔ೜ব࣪ϔ
Ͼ਼ᳳDŽ
(1) ಁᄢٝёϵ೴ē‫ד‬๥फ໸cӦ၍फ໸cಬШ೴ۤϫॸϵ೴d
⫼ߚᵤ㉏ൟᅮНੑҸĀ ANTYPE,STATICāᅮНߚᵤ㉏ൟЎ䴭࡯ߚᵤDŽ ⫼ĀET,1,
PLANE25,,,,,,2āᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬Ў4㡖⚍䕈ᇍ⿄ण䇗೎ԧऩ‫ܗ‬PLANE25ˈ䕧ߎ㸼䴶ϞϸϾ䴶
ⱘ㒧ᵰDŽ

205
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

L/2=2540mm

d0/2=25.4mm

೒4.103 ϸッ೎ᅮⱘ८ຕㅵ䘧೼㞾䞡԰⫼ϟⱘ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟ

⫼ᴤ᭭খ᭄ᅮНੑҸĀMP,EX,1,206.85E9āᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EX=206.85GPaˈ
3
⫼ĀMP,DENS,1,7802āᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᆚᑺ7802 kg/m ˈ⫼ĀMP,NUXY,1,0āᅮН㄀1㉏
ᴤ᭭ⱘ⊶ᵒ↨NUXY=0DŽ
(2) Շ࿌ᅀճыࠉੋ౨ԅ‫ߏڑ‬Ԥۤຬd
ᣝ✻೒4.103ⱘऩ‫ܗ‬Ꮧ㕂੠തᷛ㋏ˈ⫼ᅮН݇䬂⚍ੑҸĀK,1,0.0127ā೼തᷛ(12.7mm,0)
ᅮН㄀1Ͼ݇䬂⚍ˈ⫼ĀK,2,0.0127, 2.54ā೼തᷛ(12.7mm,2540mm)ᅮН㄀2Ͼ݇䬂⚍DŽ⫼⫳
៤݇䬂⚍ੑҸĀKGEN,2,1,2,1,0.0127āᕾ⦃2⃵ˈᣝ✻1,2㡖⚍ˈXതᷛ๲䞣12.7mmˈ⫳៤݊
ԭ2Ͼ 㡖 ⚍DŽ ⫼ᅮН㒓ੑҸ ĀL,1,2ā䖛݇䬂⚍1,2 ᅮ Н Ⳉ 㒓ˈ⫼㒓ऩ‫ܗ‬ሎᇌᅮНੑҸ
ĀLESIZE,1,,,24āᅮН1ো㒓ߦߚऩ‫ܗ‬ᯊˈߦߚЎ12↉DŽ
⫼ĀL,2,4ā䖛݇䬂⚍2,4ᅮНⳈ㒓ˈ⫼ĀLESIZE,2,,,1āᅮН2ো㒓ߦߚऩ‫ܗ‬ᯊˈߦߚЎ
1↉DŽ⫼ĀL,3,4ā䖛݇䬂⚍3,4ᅮНⳈ㒓ˈ⫼ĀLESIZE,3,,,24āᅮН3ো㒓ߦߚऩ‫ܗ‬ᯊˈߦߚ
Ў12↉DŽ⫼ĀL,1,3ā䖛݇䬂⚍1,3ᅮНⳈ㒓ˈ⫼ĀLESIZE,4,,,1āᅮН4ো㒓ߦߚऩ‫ܗ‬ᯊˈߦ
ߚЎ1↉DŽ⫼ᅮН䴶ੑҸĀA,3,1,2,4ā䖛㡖⚍3,1,2,4ᅮН䴶⿃ˈ⫼䴶ऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬ੑҸĀAMESH,1ā
ᇚ1ো䴶ߦߚЎ䴶ऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ
Ўњ㾖ᆳ῵ൟ⫼㾚⚍ᅮНੑҸĀ/VIEW,1,0,0,1āᇚ㾚⚍ߛᤶЎࠡ㾚ˈ⫼Ā/VUP,1,Xā
䆒㕂X䕈৥Ϟˈ⫼Ā/ANGLE,1,0ā∈ᑇ䕈།㾦0ᑺˈ᳔ৢ⫼ĀEPLOTā೒ᔶᰒ⼎ऩ‫ܗ‬Ꮧ㕂˄བ
೒4.104᠔⼎˅DŽ

೒4.104 ϸッ೎ᅮⱘ८ຕㅵ䘧೼㞾䞡԰⫼ϟⱘ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟⱘऩ‫ܗ‬Ꮧ㕂

206
 ㄀ゴᅲԧ῵ൟᑨ࡯ߚᵤ

(3) Շ࿌ᄷॏަമէۤสྭၟ೯ඨߑd
2
⫼ĀACEL,9.804,,9.804āᅮНXᮍ৥੠Zᮍ৥ⱘ䞡࡯ࡴ䗳ᑺ9.804m/s DŽ⫼ĀMODE,1,1ā
ᅮНᇍ⿄㥋䕑 DŽ⫼䗝ᢽ㡖⚍ĀNSEL,S,LOC,Y,0ā䗝ᢽY=0ⱘ㡖⚍ˈ⫼ᮑࡴԡ⿏㑺ᴳੑҸ
ĀD,ALL,ALLā೎ᅮ᠔᳝㡖⚍ⱘ᠔᳝㞾⬅ᑺDŽ⫼ĀNSEL,S,LOC,Y, 2.54ā䗝ᢽY=2540mmԡ
㕂ⱘ㡖⚍ˈ⫼ĀD,ALL,UYāԡ⿏㑺ᴳ᠔᳝㡖⚍㞾⬅ᑺUY(ᇍ⿄䴶)ˈᕫࠄབ೒4.105᠔⼎ⱘ
῵ൟDŽ᳔ৢ⫼ĀNSEL,ALLā䗝ᢽ᠔᳝㡖⚍DŽ

೒4.105 ϸッ೎ᅮⱘ८ຕㅵ䘧೼㞾䞡԰⫼ϟⱘ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟⱘԡ⿏㑺ᴳ

(4)ၽௐࠓ੦ࣖēಁᄢௐࠓ༪ົ‫܊‬ௐࠓd
(5)ၽ‫҉܊‬स੦ࣖᄯມವԛ1ّ۠ၻϤԅ0էสᄢԅสྭ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ڴ‬d
⫼Ā/POST1ā䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫৢˈ⫼ĀSET,1,1,,,,0.0ā䇏ܹ㄀1Ͼ㥋䕑ℹⱘ0ᑺԡ
㕂ⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰDŽ
⫼Ā/VUP,1,XāᅮНX䕈ЎオⳈ৥Ϟⱘᰒ⼎䕈ˈ⫼ᅮНにষੑҸĀ/WINDOW,1,1.1, 2,0,
2.5ā೼XҢ1.1ࠄ2ˈYҢ0ࠄ2.5ᅮН1োにষDŽ⫼೒ᔶᰒ⼎㒧⚍㒧ᵰੑҸĀPLNSOL,S,Yā
೒ᔶᰒ⼎Yᮍ৥ᑨ࡯ߚᏗ˄བ೒4.106᠔⼎˅DŽ

೒4.106 ϸッ೎ᅮⱘ८ຕㅵ䘧೼㞾䞡԰⫼ϟⱘ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟⱘYᮍ৥ᑨ࡯ߚᏗ

207
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

⫼ĀPRNSOL,U,COMPā߫㸼ᰒ⼎0ᑺԡ㕂㡖⚍ⱘԡ⿏㒧ᵰ˄བ೒4.107᠔⼎˅DŽ

೒4.107 ϸッ೎ᅮⱘ८ຕㅵ䘧೼㞾䞡԰⫼ϟⱘ0ᑺԡ㕂㡖⚍ԡ⿏䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ

⫼Ā*GET,DEF_X,NODE,3,U,Xāᦤপ3ো㡖⚍ⱘԡ⿏UXˈᄬܹব䞣DEF_XDŽ⫼ĀNODE1=
NODE (0.0254,0.212,0)āᦤপ䎱⾏(25.4mm,212mm,0)᳔䖥ⱘ㡖⚍ ˈᇚ㡖⚍োֱᄬࠄব䞣
NODE1ЁDŽ⫼Ā*GET,STRS_Y0,NODE,NODE1,S,Yāᦤপ㡖⚍NODE1 ⱘᑨ࡯SYˈᄬܹব
䞣STRS_Y0DŽ
(6) ҉सԛ1ّ۠ၻϤԅ90էสᄢԅ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ڴ‬d
⫼ĀSET,1,1,,,,90.0ā䇏ܹ㄀1Ͼ㥋䕑ℹⱘ90ᑺԡ㕂ⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰDŽ ⫼にষ䆒㕂ੑҸ
Ā/WINDOW,1,OFFā݇䯁1োにষⱘᰒ⼎DŽ⫼Ā/NOERASEā䆒㕂ϡ᪺䰸Ꮖ᳝ⱘ೒ᔶにষ‫ݙ‬
ᆍDŽ⫼ᅮНにষੑҸĀ/WINDOW,2,1,2,2.5,0ā೼XҢ1ࠄ2ˈYҢ2.5ࠄ0ᅮН2োにষDŽ
⫼Ā/VUP,2,XāᅮНX䕈ЎオⳈ৥Ϟⱘᰒ⼎䕈ˈ⫼ᰒ⼎㒧⚍㒧ᵰੑҸĀPLNSOL,S,Yā
ᏺऩ‫ॳܗ‬ᴹ῵ൟˈᰒ⼎ㅵ䘧䕈৥ᑨ࡯ߚᏗ˄བ೒4.108᠔⼎˅DŽ
⫼ĀPRNSOL,U,COMPā߫㸼ᰒ⼎90ᑺԡ㕂㡖⚍ԡ⿏㒧ᵰ˄བ೒4.109᠔⼎˅DŽ
⫼Ā*GET,DEF_Z,NODE,3,U,Zāᦤপ3ো㡖⚍ⱘԡ⿏UZˈᄬܹব䞣DEF_ZDŽ⫼ĀNODE1=
NODE (0.0254,0.212,0)āᦤপ䎱⾏(25.4mm,212mm,0)᳔䖥ⱘ㡖⚍ˈᄬܹব䞣NODE1 DŽ⫼
Ā*GET, STRS_Y90,NODE,NODE1,S,Yāᦤপ㡖⚍NODE1 ⱘᑨ࡯SYˈᄬܹব䞣STRS_Y90DŽ
(7) Շ࿌೴ᆦēߜ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ͬڴ‬ӉӾ೴ᆦē௶‫ߜ܊‬೴ᆦઝఘ೛ѻԅ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ڴ‬Ӊదำߑd

208
 ㄀ゴᅲԧ῵ൟᑨ࡯ߚᵤ

೒4.108 ϸッ೎ᅮⱘ८ຕㅵ䘧೼㞾䞡԰⫼ϟⱘ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟ೼ϸϾᮍ৥ⱘᑨ࡯ߚᏗ

೒4.109 ϸッ೎ᅮⱘ८ຕㅵ䘧೼㞾䞡԰⫼ϟⱘ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟ90ᑺԡ㕂ⱘ㒧⚍ԡ⿏㒧ᵰ

3ˊANSYS⿟ᑣ

FINISH ! 䗔ߎҹࠡ῵ഫ
/CLEAR, NOSTART ! ⏙䰸᭄᥂ˈϡࡴ䕑߱ྟ࣪᭛ӊ
! (1) 䆒㕂Ꮉ⿟খ᭄,ߚᵤ㉏ൟǃऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟǃᅲᐌ᭄੠ᴤ᭭খ᭄
/FileName,EX4.9 ! ᅮНᎹ⿟᭛ӊৡ⿄

209
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

/PREP7 ! ࡴ䕑ࠡ໘⧚῵ഫ
SMRT,OFF ! ݇䯁ᱎ㛑࣪㔥Ḑࡳ㛑
/TITLE, EX4.9, BENDING OF AXISYMMETRIC THICK PIPE UNDER GRAVITY LOADING
C*** FORMULAS FOR STRESS AND STRAIN, ROARK, 4TH ED., PAGE 112, NO. 33
ANTYPE,STATIC ! ᅮНߚᵤ㉏ൟЎ䴭࡯ߚᵤ
ET,1,PLANE25,,,,,,2 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬Ў4㡖⚍䕈ᇍ⿄ण䇗೎ԧऩ‫ܗ‬PLANE25,䕧ߎ㸼䴶Ϟϸ
Ͼ䴶ⱘ㒧ᵰ
MP,EX,1,206.85E9 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EX=206.85GPa
MP,DENS,1,7802 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᆚᑺ7802 kg/m^3
MP,NUXY,1,0 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⊶ᵒ↨NUXY=0
! (2)ᅮН䕈ᇍ⿄៾䴶Ϟⱘ݇䬂⚍੠㒓
K,1,0.0127 ! ೼തᷛ(12.7mm,0)ᅮН㄀1Ͼ݇䬂⚍
K,2,0.0127,2.54 ! ೼തᷛ(12.7mm,2540mm)ᅮН㄀2Ͼ݇䬂⚍
KGEN,2,1,2,1,0.0127 ! ᕾ⦃2⃵,ᣝ✻1,2㡖⚍,Xതᷛ๲䞣12.7mm,⫳៤݊ԭ2Ͼ㡖⚍
L,1,2 ! 䖛݇䬂⚍1,2ᅮНⳈ㒓
LESIZE,1,,,24 ! ᅮН1ো㒓ߦߚऩ‫ܗ‬ᯊ,ߦߚЎ12↉
L,2,4 ! 䖛݇䬂⚍2,4ᅮНⳈ㒓
LESIZE,2,,,1 ! ᅮН2ো㒓ߦߚऩ‫ܗ‬ᯊ,ߦߚЎ1↉
L,3,4 ! 䖛݇䬂⚍3,4ᅮНⳈ㒓
LESIZE,3,,,24 ! ᅮН3ো㒓ߦߚऩ‫ܗ‬ᯊ,ߦߚЎ12↉
L,1,3 ! 䖛݇䬂⚍1,3ᅮНⳈ㒓
LESIZE,4,,,1 ! ᅮН4ো㒓ߦߚऩ‫ܗ‬ᯊ,ߦߚЎ1↉
A,3,1,2,4 ! 䖛㡖⚍3,1,2,4ᅮН䴶⿃
AMESH,1 ! ᇚ1ো䴶ߦߚЎ䴶ऩ‫ܗ‬
/VIEW,1,0,0,1 ! ᇚ㾚⚍ߛᤶЎࠡ㾚
/VUP,1,X ! 䆒㕂X䕈৥Ϟ
/ANGLE,1,0 ! ∈ᑇ䕈།㾦0ᑺ
EPLOT ! ೒ᔶᰒ⼎ऩ‫ܗ‬Ꮧ㕂
! (3) ᅮН䞡࡯ࡴ䗳ᑺ੠ԡ⿏㑺ᴳᴵӊ
ACEL,9.804,,-9.804 ! ᅮНXᮍ৥੠Zᮍ৥ⱘ䞡࡯ࡴ䗳ᑺ9.804m/s^2
MODE,1,1 ! ᇍ⿄㥋䕑
NSEL,S,LOC,Y,0 ! 䗝ᢽY=0ⱘ㡖⚍
D,ALL,ALL ! ೎ᅮ᠔᳝㡖⚍ⱘ᠔᳝㞾⬅ᑺ
NSEL,S,LOC,Y,2.54 ! 䗝ᢽY=2540mmԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍
D,ALL,UY ! ԡ⿏㑺ᴳ᠔᳝㡖⚍㞾⬅ᑺUY(ᇍ⿄䴶)
NSEL,ALL ! 䗝ᢽ᠔᳝㡖⚍
FINISH ! 䗔ߎࠡ໘⧚῵ഫPREP7
! (4)೼∖㾷῵ഫ,䆒㕂∖㾷䗝乍ৢ∖㾷
/SOLU ! ࡴ䕑∖㾷῵ഫ
OUTPR,BASIC,LAST ! 䕧ߎ᳔ৢϔϾ㥋䕑ℹⱘ෎ᴀ㒧ᵰ
SOLVE ! ᓔྟ∖㾷
FINISH ! 䗔ߎ∖㾷῵ഫSOLU
! (5)೼ৢ໘⧚῵ഫЁᰒ⼎㄀1Ͼ㥋䕑ℹⱘ0ᑺԡ㕂ⱘԡ⿏䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
/POST1 ! 䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫ

210
 ㄀ゴᅲԧ῵ൟᑨ࡯ߚᵤ

SET,1,1,,,,0.0 ! 䇏ܹ㄀1Ͼ㥋䕑ℹⱘ0ᑺԡ㕂ⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
/VUP,1,X ! ᅮНX䕈ЎオⳈ৥Ϟⱘᰒ⼎䕈
/WINDOW,1,-1.1,2,0,2.5 ! ᅮН1োにষ
!PLDISP,1 ! ᏺऩ‫ॳܗ‬ᴹ῵ൟ,ᰒ⼎ㅵ䘧বᔶ೒
PRNSOL,U,COMP ! ᠧॄԡ⿏㒧ᵰ
*GET,DEF_X,NODE,3,U,X ! ᦤপ3ো㡖⚍ⱘԡ⿏UX,ᄬܹব䞣DEF_X
NODE1=NODE(0.0254,0.212,0) ! ᦤপ䎱⾏(25.4mm,212mm,0)᳔䖥ⱘ㡖⚍
*GET,STRS_Y0,NODE,NODE1,S,Y ! ᦤপ㡖⚍NODE1ⱘᑨ࡯SY,ᄬܹব䞣STRS_Y0
PLNSOL,S,Y ! ೒ᔶᰒ⼎Yᮍ৥ᑨ࡯ߚᏗ
! (6)໘⧚㄀1Ͼ㥋䕑ℹⱘ90ᑺԡ㕂ⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
SET,1,1,,,,90.0 ! 䇏ܹ㄀1Ͼ㥋䕑ℹⱘ90ᑺԡ㕂ⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
/WINDOW,1,OFF ! ݇䯁1োにষⱘᰒ⼎
/NOERASE ! ϡ᪺䰸Ꮖ᳝ⱘ೒ᔶにষ‫ݙ‬ᆍ
/WINDOW,2,-1,2,-2.5,0 ! ᅮН2োにষ
/VUP,2,X ! ᅮНX䕈ЎオⳈ৥Ϟⱘᰒ⼎䕈
PLNSOL,S,Y ! ᏺऩ‫ॳܗ‬ᴹ῵ൟ,ᰒ⼎ㅵ䘧䕈৥ᑨ࡯ߚᏗ
PRNSOL,U,COMP ! ᠧॄԡ⿏㒧ᵰ
*GET,DEF_Z,NODE,3,U,Z ! ᦤপ3ো㡖⚍ⱘԡ⿏UZ,ᄬܹব䞣DEF_Z
NODE1=NODE(0.0254,0.212,0) ! ᦤপ䎱⾏(25.4mm,212mm,0)᳔䖥ⱘ㡖⚍
*GET,STRS_Y90,NODE,NODE1,S,Y ! ᦤপ㡖⚍NODE1ⱘᑨ࡯SY,ᄬܹব䞣STRS_Y90
! (7) ᅮН᭄㒘,ᇚ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰֱᄬࠄ᭄㒘,✊ৢᇚ᭄㒘‫ݙ‬ᆍ䕧ߎⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰᄬܹ᭛ӊ
*DIM,LABEL,CHAR,3,2 ! ᅮН3*2ᄫヺൟ᭄㒘LABEL
*DIM,VALUE,,3,3 ! ᅮН3*3ⱘ᭄ؐൟ᭄㒘VALUE
LABEL(1,1) = 'UX, mm ','UZ, mm (', ' STRS_Y ' ! 㒭᭄㒘LABELⱘ㄀1߫䌟ؐ
LABEL(1,2) = '(ANG=0) ','ANG=90) ', ' (MPa) ' ! 㒭᭄㒘LABELⱘ㄀2߫䌟ؐ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,1),DATA,-3.181,3.181,15.51 ! 㒭᭄㒘VALUEⱘ㄀1߫䌟⧚䆎ؐ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,2),DATA,DEF_X*1E3,DEF_Z*1E3,STRS_Y0/1E6 ! 㒭᭄㒘VALUEⱘ
㄀2߫䌟䅵ㅫؐ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,3),DATA,ABS(DEF_X/3.181E-3),ABS(DEF_Z/3.181E-3),ABS(STRS_Y0
/15.51E6)
/COM
/OUT, EX4_9,out ! ᇚ䕧ߎ‫ݙ‬ᆍ䞡ᅮ৥ࠄ᭛ӊEX6_5.out
/COM,------------------- EX4.9 RESULTS COMPARISON ---------------
/COM,
/COM, | TARGET | ANSYS | RATIO
/COM,
*VWRITE,LABEL(1,1),LABEL(1,2),VALUE(1,1),VALUE(1,2),VALUE(1,3)
(1X,A8,A8,' ',F10.3,' ', F10.3,' ',1F5.3)
/COM,-----------------------------------------------------------
/COM,
/OUT ! 㒧ᴳ᭄᥂䞡ᅮ৥ˈ݇䯁䕧ߎ᭛ӊ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
*LIST, EX4_9, out ! ߫㸼ᰒ⼎᭛ӊEX4_9.outⱘ‫ݙ‬ᆍ

211
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

4ˊ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ䅼䆎

߽⫼Ϟ䴶⿟ᑣ䖯㸠њ䅵ㅫϸッ೎ᅮⱘ८ຕㅵ䘧೼㞾䞡԰⫼ϟⱘবᔶ੠ᑨ࡯ˈᕫࠄབ㸼
4.10᠔⼎ⱘ㒧ᵰDŽ
㸼4.10 ϡৠ⚍Ϟⱘ᳔໻ᣴᑺ੠೎ᅮッ໘ⱘ᳔໻ᑨ࡯㒧ᵰ੠⧚䆎㾷ⱘ↨ؐ
ᣴᑺ੠᳔໻ᑨ࡯ ⧚ 䆎 㾷 ㄨ Ansys㾷 ↨ ؐ
Xᮍ৥ᣴᑺ, mm (0°ԡ㕂) 3.181 3.185 1.001
Zᮍ৥ᣴᑺ, mm (90°ԡ㕂) 3.181 3.185 1.001
᳔໻ᑨ࡯, MPa (0°ԡ㕂) 15.510 15.725 1.014

212
 ㄀1ゴ ㅔऩᢝय़ᴚ㒧ᵘ

せ』㛋঻㪳ย䬝䷇

5.1 ৿ἁ೚ᄨⱘἁ೚㭘㝰೼໪䚼ᓴ࡯԰⫼ϟⱘ䴭࡯ߚᵤ
८ᑺt=0.1mⱘἁ೚ᔶ㭘㝰ˈ೼໪䖍㓬ⱘഛࣔᓴ࡯p=10MPa԰⫼ϟ˄བ೒5.1᠔⼎˅ˈᏆ
ⶹ೒Ёἁ೚ⱘ޴ԩখ᭄a=1.75mˈb=1.0mˈc=2.0mˈd=1.25mDŽᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣E=210GPaˈ
⊞ᵒ↨ μ = 0.3 ˈ䆩 ߽ ⫼ Ѡ 㓈4㡖⚍㒧ᵘ೎ԧऩ‫ܗ‬PLANE42੠ Ѡ 㓈8 㡖⚍㒧ᵘ೎ԧऩ‫ܗ‬
PLANE82ˈ⹂ᅮ㭘㝰‫ݙ‬ջ䭓䕈ԡ㕂D⚍ⱘ⦃৥ᑨ࡯DŽ

a=1.75m

b=1.0m

c=2.0m
d=1.25m

೒5.1 ৿ἁ೚ᄨⱘἁ೚㭘㝰೼໪ᓴ࡯԰⫼ϟⱘ῵ൟ ೒5.2 ৿ἁ೚ᄨⱘἁ೚㭘㝰ⱘᅲԧᓎ῵

1ˊANSYSߚᵤ

೒Ё㭘㝰៾পњ1/4ᇍ⿄䚼ߚˈᑊᮑࡴњᇍ⿄ⱘԡ⿏䖍⬠ᴵӊˈे೼X=0ⱘ䖍⬠ϞˈUX
˙0ˈ೼Y=0ⱘ䖍⬠ϞUY=0DŽ
佪‫ܜ‬Փ⫼њ㊒ᑺ䕗ԢⱘѠ㓈4㡖⚍೎ԧऩ‫ܗ‬PLANE42∖㾷ˈ✊ৢ⫼㊒ᑺ䕗催ⱘѠ㓈8㡖
⚍㒧ᵘ೎ԧऩ‫ܗ‬PLANE82∖㾷DŽἁ೚ᔶⱘ㭘㝰䅵ㅫ῵ൟ䛑ᰃᣝ✻ᅲԧᓎ῵ᮍᓣᴹᅲ⦄ˈᑊ
䞛⫼њ㞾ࡼⱘ㞾䗖ᑨऩ‫ܗ‬㔥Ḑߦߚㅫ⊩Փᑨ࡯䲚Ёऎඳ˄D⚍ⱘ䰘䖥ऎඳ˅ⱘ㔥Ḑ䕗ᆚDŽ
೼㄀1⾡ᚙ‫މ‬ϟˈ⿟ᑣϔⳈ䖤㸠ࠄSPEC˄㛑䞣㣗᭄ⱘⱒߚ䇃Ꮒ˅᥹䖥7%DŽ㗠㄀2⾡ᚙ
‫ⱘމ‬SPEC㽕䖤㸠ࠄ5%ˈП᠔ҹপ䕗ԢⱘSPECؐˈᰃ಴Ў㊒ᑺ䕗催ⱘऩ‫ܗ‬ϔ㠀Ӯ᳈㊒⹂DŽ
䅵ㅫЁⱘ᳔ৢⱘSPECؐᰃ೼Post1ЁᦤপⱘˈD⚍ԡ㕂໘ⱘ⦃৥ᑨ࡯s y ᰃ䗮䖛Ā*GETāੑ
Ҹᴹ㦋ᕫⱘDŽ
(1) ಁᄢٝё༪ົē‫ד‬๥फ໸cӦ၍फ໸ۤϫॸϵ೴d
⫼Ꮉ⿟᭛ӊৡ⿄ੑҸĀ/FileName, EX5.1ā䆒㕂Ꮉ⿟᭛ӊৡ⿄DŽ⫼Ā/PREP7āࡴ䕑ࠡ໘
⧚῵ഫDŽ⫼ĀSMRT,OFFā݇䯁ᱎ㛑࣪㔥Ḑࡳ㛑ˈϔ㠀೼ऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬ᯊ䆹䗝乍ᰃᠧᓔⱘˈԚ
ᰃ䖭䞠Փ⫼ ANSYS ᦤկⱘ㞾䗖ᑨ㔥Ḑߦߚ੠∖㾷ࡳ㛑ADAPTˈ᠔ҹᱎ㛑࣪㔥Ḑࡳ㛑ϡ
䳔㽕DŽ
⫼ߚᵤ㉏ൟᅮНੑҸĀANTYPE,STATICāᅮНߚᵤ㉏ൟЎ䴭࡯ߚᵤDŽ⫼ऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟᅮ
НੑҸĀET,1,PLANE42,,,3āᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬Ўᏺ८ᑺ˄⫼খ᭄Ā3ā㸼⼎˅ⱘᑇ䴶ᑨ࡯ऩ
‫ܗ‬PLANE42DŽ⫼ᴤ᭭খ᭄ᅮНੑҸĀMP,EX,1,210E9āᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EX=210
GPaˈ⫼ĀMP,NUXY,1,0.3āᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨NUXY=0.3DŽ⫼ᅲᐌ᭄ᅮНੑҸĀR,1,0.1ā

213
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

䆒㕂८ᑺ0.1mDŽ
(2) ၽ෧ၕᆵγຂຏēՇ࿌‫ߏڑ‬Ԥcຬۤੋd
⬅Ѣ῵ൟⱘᇍ⿄ᗻˈ䖭䞠ⱘ῵ൟা䳔㽕1/4䚼ߚेৃDŽЎњᮍ֓ᓎゟἁ೚ᔶ㭘㝰䍋㾕ˈ
䖭䞠ᅮНњሔ䚼ⱘἁ೚തᷛ㋏DŽᅮНሔ䚼തᷛ㋏ⱘੑҸḐᓣᰃ˖LOCAL, KCN, KCS, XC,
YC, ZC, THXY, THYZ, THZX, PAR1, PAR2DŽ
⫼ሔ䚼തᷛ㋏ᅮНੑҸĀLOCAL,11,1,,,,,,,0.5ā೼തᷛॳ⚍ᅮН11োἁ೚തᷛ㋏ˈYᮍ
৥ⱘⷁ䕈ϢXᮍ৥ⱘ䭓䕈П↨Ў0.5DŽ
⫼݇䬂⚍ᅮНੑҸĀK,1,2,90ā೼തᷛ(2m,90ᑺ)໘ᅮНἁ೚‫ݙ‬ջⱘ㄀1Ͼ݇䬂⚍ˈ⫼
ĀK,2,2,0ā೼തᷛ(2m,0)໘ᅮНἁ೚‫ݙ‬ջⱘ㄀2Ͼ݇䬂⚍DŽ⫼㒓ᅮНੑҸĀL,1,2ā䖛݇䬂⚍
1,2ᅮНߎἁ೚‫ݙ‬ջⱘᓻ㒓DŽ
⫼ĀLOCAL,12,1,,,,,,,0.8461585ā೼തᷛॳ⚍ᅮНἁ೚തᷛ㋏ˈYᮍ৥ⱘⷁ䕈ϢXᮍ৥
ⱘ䭓䕈П↨Ў0.8461585DŽ⫼ĀK,3,3.25,90ā೼തᷛ(3.25m,90ᑺ)໘ᅮНἁ೚໪ջⱘ㄀3Ͼ݇
䬂⚍ˈ⫼ĀK,4,3.25,0ā೼തᷛ(3.25m,0)໘ᅮНἁ೚໪ջⱘ㄀4Ͼ݇䬂⚍DŽ⫼ĀL,3,4ā䖛݇
䬂⚍3,4ᅮНἁ೚໪ջⱘᓻ㒓DŽ
⫼തᷛ㋏ᅮНੑҸĀCSYS,0āᇚᔧࠡതᷛ㋏ߛᤶࠄᭈԧⳈ㾦തᷛ㋏ৢˈ⫼㒓ᅮНੑҸ
ĀL,2,4ā䖛݇䬂⚍2ˈ4ᅮНⳈ㒓ˈ⫼ĀL,1,3ā䖛݇䬂⚍1ˈ3ᅮНⳈ㒓DŽ䖭ḋህᅮНདњἁ
೚㭘㝰䖍⬠Ϟⱘ4ᴵ㒓њDŽ᳔ৢ⫼䴶ᅮНੑҸĀAL,2,4,1,3ā⫼㒓2,4,1੠3ᅮН䴶DŽ
(3) ၽອ࿫ԅճыΨ࠘ຬ౨ಠަճыสྭၟ೯d
⫼㒓Ϟԡ⿏㑺ᴳᅮНੑҸĀDL,4,1,SYMMāᇍἁ೚㭘㝰ϟ䴶䖍⬠1ো䴶ⱘ4ো㒓ᮑࡴᇍ
⿄ԡ⿏䖍⬠ᴵӊˈ⫼ĀDL,3,1,SYMMāᇍἁ೚㭘㝰Ꮊջ䖍⬠1ো䴶ⱘ3ো㒓ᮑࡴᇍ⿄ԡ⿏䖍
⬠ᴵӊDŽ
2
⫼㒓Ϟ㸼䴶࡯ᅮНੑҸĀSFL,2,PRES, 10E6āᇍ2ো㒓ᮑࡴ㒓य़࡯㥋䕑10E6 N/m DŽ
⫼ऩ‫ܗ‬㔥Ḑߦߚ䗝乍ੑҸ ĀMSHK,2āᣛᅮབᵰৃ㛑ˈ䞛⫼᯴ᇘ㔥ḐࠪߚDŽ⫼ੑҸ
ĀMSHA,0,2DāᣛᅮՓ⫼ಯ䖍ᔶ㔥ḐDŽ⫼ĀSAVEāֱᄬ῵ൟ᭄᥂ࠄ咬䅸᭄᥂ᑧˈկৢ䴶Ⳉ
᥹䇏প῵ൟ᭄᥂DŽ㒣䖛Ϟ䴶ੑҸᓎゟདњབ೒5.3᠔⼎ⱘ䅵ㅫ῵ൟDŽ

೒5.3 ⫼㞾ᑩ৥Ϟⱘᓎ῵ᮍ⊩ᓎゟⱘ㭘㝰1/4ᅲԧ῵ൟ

(4) ᄓ໻ᆑು࿫ฉٌ‫ۤדܣ‬ௐࠓ‫܁‬ё༝ēᄓ໻ᆑՇ࿌ԅ‫҉܊‬स‫܁‬ё༝d
Ā ADAPT,3,7,,,1ā ੑ Ҹ 㸼 ⼎ Փ ⫼ ANSYS 乘 ᅮ Н ⱘ 㞾 䗖 ᑨ 㔥 Ḑ ߦ ߚ ੠ ∖ 㾷 ᅣ ⿟ ᑣ

214
 ㄀ゴ㝰੠㭘໇䯂乬

ADAPTˈᣝ✻∖㾷⃵᭄NSOLN=3ˈⳂᷛ㛑䞣㣗᭄䇃ᏂSTARGT=7˄㸼⼎7ˁ˅੠݇䬂⚍ԡ
㕂ऩ‫ܗ‬ሎᇌᬍব಴ᄤFACMX=1ㄝখ᭄ᴹᠻ㸠㞾䗖ᑨ㔥Ḑߦߚ੠∖㾷DŽ 䆹ᅣ⿟ᑣᇚᣝ✻ᣛᅮ
ⱘⳂᷛ㛑䞣㣗᭄䇃Ꮒϡᮁׂᬍऩ‫ܗ‬ሎᇌৢ∖㾷ˈⳈࠄ᠔㒭ᅮⱘ䇃Ꮒᴵӊ⒵䎇ৢ‫ذ‬ℶDŽሣᐩ
ᰒ⼎᳔ৢⱘMisesᑨ࡯ߚᏗ೒˄བ೒5.4᠔⼎˅ˈ೒Ёᰒ⼎᳔໻ⱘMisesᑨ࡯90.9MPaߎ⦄೼
ἁ೚ᄨ‫ݙ‬ջ䭓ञ䕈ԡ㕂˄ॳ῵ൟⱘD⚍ԡ㕂˅DŽ

೒5.4 ⫼PLANE42ऩ‫ܗ‬䅵ㅫ৿ἁ೚ᄨⱘἁ೚㭘㝰೼໪ᓴ࡯԰⫼ϟⱘMisesᑨ࡯ߚᏗ

⫼Ā/Post1ā䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫৢˈ⫼ऩ‫ܗ‬㒬ࠊੑҸĀEPLOTā㒬ࠊऩ‫ৃˈܗ‬ҹⳟࠄ
䇃Ꮒ䰤⒵䎇ᯊˈऩ‫ܗ‬㔥Ḑⱘ໻ᇣ੠ߚᏗᚙ‫˄މ‬བ೒5.5᠔⼎˅DŽᕘ৥㔥Ḑ᭄Ў11ˈ⦃৥㔥Ḑ
᭄Ў23DŽ

೒5.5 ⫼PLANE42ऩ‫ܗ‬䅵ㅫ৿ἁ೚ᄨⱘἁ೚㭘㝰೼໪ᓴ࡯԰⫼ϟⱘ㞾䗖ᑨ㔥Ḑऩ‫ߚܗ‬Ꮧᚙ‫މ‬

⫼ĀPLDISP,1āᰒ⼎বᔶ೒ᰒ⼎㭘㝰ⱘবᔶ೒˄བ೒5.6᠔⼎˅DŽ೒Ё㰮㒓ᰃবᔶࠡ㭘
㝰᠔೼ⱘԡ㕂ˈ᳔໻বᔶ䞣0.549mmথ⫳೼ⷁञ䕈៾䴶ϞDŽ

215
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

೒5.6 ⫼PLANE42ऩ‫ܗ‬䅵ㅫ৿ἁ೚ᄨⱘἁ೚㭘㝰೼໪ᓴ࡯԰⫼ϟⱘবᔶ೒

ĀPLNSOL,S,Xāᰒ⼎∈ᑇᑨ࡯ߚᏗ˄བ೒5.7᠔⼎˅ˈ᳔໻∈ᑇᑨ࡯31.8MPaˈ᳔ᇣ∈
ᑇᑨ࡯7.02MPaˈߎ⦄೼ⷁञ䕈៾䴶ⱘϞϟϸջDŽ

೒5.7 ⫼PLANE42ऩ‫ܗ‬䅵ㅫ৿ἁ೚ᄨⱘἁ೚㭘㝰೼໪ᓴ࡯԰⫼ϟⱘ∈ᑇᑨ࡯ߚᏗ

ĀPLNSOL,S,Yāᰒ⼎オ৥ᑨ࡯ߚᏗ˄བ೒5.8᠔⼎˅ˈ᳔໻オ৥ᑨ࡯92.5MPaˈ᳔ᇣオ
৥ᑨ࡯1.21MPaˈߎ⦄೼䭓ञ䕈៾䴶ⱘ‫ݙ‬໪ջԡ㕂DŽ

೒5.8 ⫼PLANE42ऩ‫ܗ‬䅵ㅫ৿ἁ೚ᄨⱘἁ೚㭘㝰೼໪ᓴ࡯԰⫼ϟⱘオ৥ᑨ࡯ߚᏗ

216
 ㄀ゴ㝰੠㭘໇䯂乬

ĀPLNSOL,S,1āᰒ⼎᳔໻ᢝᑨ࡯ߚᏗ˄བ೒5.9᠔⼎˅ˈ᳔໻ᢝᑨ࡯92.8MPaˈߎ⦄೼
䭓ञ䕈៾䴶ⱘ‫ݙ‬ջԡ㕂DŽ

೒5.9 ⫼PLANE42ऩ‫ܗ‬䅵ㅫ৿ἁ೚ᄨⱘἁ೚㭘㝰೼໪ᓴ࡯԰⫼ϟⱘ᳔໻ᢝᑨ࡯ߚᏗ

(5) Շ࿌෻ю‫҉܊‬सٟટԅ‫܁‬ё༝MACd
Ўњ֓Ѣৢ໘⧚᪡԰ˈ䖭䞠߽⫼ᓎ῵ᅣ⿟ᑣⱘࡳ㛑ˈᓎ῵њᅠ៤ৢ໘⧚ࡳ㛑ⱘᅣ⿟ᑣ
MACDŽ佪‫⫼ܜ‬ᓎ῵ᅣ⿟ᑣੑҸĀ*CREATE,MACāᅮН⫼Ѣᅠ៤ৢ໘⧚ⱘᅣ⿟ᑣMACDŽ⫼
Ā/Graphics,Fullā݇䯁PowerGraphicsˈҹᰒ⼎㛑䞣㣗᭄䇃ᏂDŽ೼PowerGraphicsᠧᓔ⢊ᗕˈ㋏
㒳ϡ‫ܕ‬䆌ᰒ⼎㛑䞣㣗᭄䇃Ꮒˈ᠔ҹ䖭䞠‫݇ܜ‬䯁PowerGraphicsDŽ
⫼Ā/POST1ā䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫˈ⫼ĀPRERRāᠧॄ㞾䗖ᑨ㔥Ḑ䅵ㅫⱘ㛑䞣㣗᭄䇃
Ꮒ(SEPC)DŽ
⫼㡖⚍䗝ᢽੑҸĀNSEL,S,LOC,Y,0.0ā䗝ᢽY=0ԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍ˈ⫼ĀNSEL,R,LOC,X,2.0ā
㒻㓁䗝ᢽX=2.0mԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍ˈℸᯊ㹿䗝Ёⱘ㡖⚍ህা᳝˄2m,0˅ԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍њDŽ
⫼Ā*GET,MNODE,NODE,,NUM,MAXāᦤপᔧࠡ䗝ᢽ䲚Ё᳔໻㡖⚍োˈֱᄬࠄব䞣
MNODEDŽ⫼ᦤপ㒧ᵰੑҸĀ*GET,SY_D,NODE,MNODE,S,Yāᦤপ㡖⚍MNODEⱘオ৥ᑨ
࡯SYˈᄬܹব䞣SY_DDŽ⫼ĀNSEL,ALLā䗝ᢽ᠔᳝㡖⚍ˈ⫼ĀESEL,ALLā䗝ᢽ᠔᳝ऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ
⫼ᰒ⼎‫ݙ‬ᄬব䞣ੑҸĀ*status,parmāᰒ⼎‫ݙ‬ᄬব䞣ⱘؐˈ⫼ Ā/Graphics,Power āᠧᓔ
PowerGraphicsˈҹᰒ⼎݊Ҫ㒧ᵰDŽ᳔ৢⱘĀ*ENDāੑҸᰃᅣ⿟ᑣMACᅮНⱘ㒧ᴳ㸠DŽ
(6) ဈ஍Շ࿌ԅ‫܁‬ё༝෻ю‫҉܊‬सēߜ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ͬڴ‬ӉӾέ२d
⫼Ā*USE,MACāᠻ㸠ࠡ䴶ᅮН䖛ⱘৢ໘⧚ᅣ⿟ᑣMACDŽ䱣ৢᰃᇚ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ੠⧚䆎㾷
ֱᄬࠄᅮНདⱘ᭄㒘ব䞣ЁএDŽ⫼ĀSAVE,TABLE1āᇚ᠔᳝῵ൟֵᙃ੠㒧ᵰ᭄㒘ব䞣ܼ䚼
ֱᄬ᭄᥂ࠄ咬䅸᭄᥂ᑧTABLE1DŽ
(7) ‫؟‬έӦ၍นPLANE82ēᄷ໭‫ޙ‬സd
⫼Ā/PREP7āࡴ䕑ࠡ໘⧚῵ഫৢˈ⫼ĀSMRT,OFFā݇䯁ᱎ㛑࣪㔥Ḑࡳ㛑DŽ⫼䇏᭄ܹ
᥂ᑧ᭄᥂ੑҸĀRESUMEāЁ咬䅸Ꮉ⿟᭛ӊ᭄᥂ᑧЁ䞡ᮄ䇏ܹ῵ൟ᭄᥂DŽ
⫼ऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟᅮНੑҸĀET,1,PLANE82,,,3āᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬Ўᏺ८ᑺⱘѠ㓈8㡖⚍ᑇ䴶
ᑨ࡯ऩ‫ܗ‬PLANE82DŽ
(8) ᄓ໻ᆑು࿫ฉٌ‫܁‬ё༝ēᄓ໻ᆑՇ࿌ԅ‫҉܊‬स‫܁‬ё༝d

217
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

⫼ĀADAPT,2,5,,,1āՓ⫼ANSYS乘ᅮНⱘ㞾䗖ᑨ㔥Ḑߦߚ੠∖㾷ᅣ⿟ᑣADAPTˈᣝ
✻∖㾷⃵᭄NSOLN=2ˈⳂᷛ㛑䞣㣗᭄䇃ᏂSTARGT=5˄㸼⼎7ˁ˅੠݇䬂⚍ԡ㕂ऩ‫ܗ‬ሎᇌ
ᬍব಴ᄤFACMX=1ㄝখ᭄ᴹᠻ㸠㞾䗖ᑨ㔥Ḑߦߚ੠∖㾷DŽ
⫼Ā/Post1ā䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫৢˈ⫼Ā/WINDOW,5,OFFā݇䯁5োにষⱘᰒ⼎˄ᅣ
⿟ᑣਃ⫼њ5োᄤにষ˅ˈᑊ⫼にষᅮНੑҸĀ/WINDOW,1,FULLāᇚ1োにষⱘᰒ⼎䆒㕂
ЎᭈϾ೒ᔶにষDŽ⫼㡖⚍㒧ᵰᰒ⼎ੑҸĀPLNSOL,S,EQVāᰒ⼎㞾䗖ᑨ㔥Ḑ∖㾷ৢㄝᬜ
MISESᑨ࡯ߚᏗ˄བ೒5.10᠔⼎˅DŽ

೒5.10 ⫼PLANE82ऩ‫ܗ‬䅵ㅫ৿ἁ೚ᄨⱘἁ೚㭘㝰೼໪ᓴ࡯԰⫼ϟⱘMisesᑨ࡯ߚᏗ

ĀPLDISP,1āᰒ⼎বᔶ೒˄བ೒5.11᠔⼎˅ˈ೒Ё㰮㒓ᰃবᔶࠡ㭘㝰᠔೼ⱘԡ㕂ˈ᳔໻
বᔶ䞣0.551mmথ⫳೼ⷁञ䕈៾䴶Ϟˈ↨೒5.6Ёⱘ᳔໻ԡ⿏0.549mm໻0.36%DŽᇍѢ㊒ᑺ䕗
Ԣⱘऩ‫ܗ‬ᕔᕔᇐ㟈䖛໻ⱘऩ‫߮ܗ‬ᑺˈՓ䅵ㅫⱘԡ⿏ؐ‫أ‬໻DŽ೒Ёᰒ⼎ⱘऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬ᕘ৥㔥Ḑ
᭄Ў9ˈ⦃৥㔥Ḑ᭄Ў15ˈ↨೒5.5ⱘ㔥Ḑ㽕ᇥˈ䖭гᰃ಴Ў䕗催ⱘऩ‫ܗ‬㊒ᑺˈ೼ৠḋⱘ䅵
ㅫ㊒ᑺ㽕∖ϟˈ䳔㽕᳈ᇥⱘऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ

೒5.11 ⫼PLANE82ऩ‫ܗ‬䅵ㅫ৿ἁ೚ᄨⱘἁ೚㭘㝰೼໪ᓴ࡯԰⫼ϟⱘ㞾䗖ᑨ㔥Ḑऩ‫ߚܗ‬Ꮧᚙ‫މ‬

218
 ㄀ゴ㝰੠㭘໇䯂乬

ĀPLNSOL,S,Xāᰒ⼎∈ᑇᑨ࡯ߚᏗ˄བ೒5.12᠔⼎˅ˈ᳔໻∈ᑇᑨ࡯32.2MPaˈ᳔ᇣ∈
ᑇᑨ࡯7.25MPaˈߎ⦄೼ⷁञ䕈៾䴶ⱘϞϟϸջDŽ੠೒5.7ⱘ㒧ᵰⳌ↨ˈ䖭䞠ⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰⱘ
㒱ᇍؐ໻Ѣࠡ䴶ⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰˈ᳔໻‫أ‬Ꮒߚ߿Ў1.3%੠3.3%DŽ

೒5.12 ⫼PLANE82ऩ‫ܗ‬䅵ㅫ৿ἁ೚ᄨⱘἁ೚㭘㝰೼໪ᓴ࡯԰⫼ϟⱘ∈ᑇᑨ࡯ߚᏗ

ĀPLNSOL,S,Yāᰒ⼎オ৥ᑨ࡯ߚᏗ˄བ೒5.13᠔⼎˅ˈ᳔໻オ৥ᑨ࡯91.8MPaˈᇣѢ೒
5.8ᑨ࡯92.5MPaⱘ0.8%DŽオ৥ᑨ࡯ 1.53MPaˈᇣѢ೒5.8ᑨ࡯᳔ᇣオ৥ᑨ࡯ 1.21MPaⱘ
26ˁDŽ

೒5.13 ⫼PLANE82ऩ‫ܗ‬䅵ㅫ৿ἁ೚ᄨⱘἁ೚㭘㝰೼໪ᓴ࡯԰⫼ϟⱘオ৥ᑨ࡯ߚᏗ

ĀPLNSOL,S,1āᰒ⼎᳔໻ᢝᑨ࡯ߚᏗ˄བ೒5.14᠔⼎˅ˈ᳔໻ᢝᑨ࡯91.8MPaˈߎ⦄೼
䭓ञ䕈៾䴶ⱘ‫ݙ‬ջԡ㕂DŽ↨೒5.9Ёⱘ᳔໻ᢝᑨ࡯92.8MPaᇣ1.1%DŽ

219
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

೒5.14 ⫼PLANE82ऩ‫ܗ‬䅵ㅫ৿ἁ೚ᄨⱘἁ೚㭘㝰೼໪ᓴ࡯԰⫼ϟⱘ᳔໻ᢝᑨ࡯ߚᏗ

(9) ဈ஍Շ࿌ԅ‫܁‬ё༝෻ю‫҉܊‬सēߜ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ͬڴ‬ӉӾέ२d
⫼Ā*USE,MACāᠻ㸠ৢ໘⧚ᅣ⿟ᑣMACDŽ⫼ĀSAVE, TABLE2āᇚ㄀2⃵∖㾷ⱘ᠔᳝
᭄᥂੠䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰܼ䚼ֱᄬࠄ咬䅸᭄᥂ᑧTABLE2DŽ
(10)Ҷ஍ੋͬӉ‫ڶ‬ԅ೴࡬࣏ᄯ‫؏݋‬೴࡬ēߜ०ᄵϢලӦ၍ԅ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ڴ‬ඹ‫ڶ‬೴ᆦέ२ͬ
ӉӾำߑd

2ˊANSYS⿟ᑣ
FINISH
/CLEAR, NOSTART ! ⏙䰸᭄᥂,ϡࡴ䕑߱ྟ࣪᭛ӊ
! (1) 䆒㕂Ꮉ⿟䗝乍,ߚᵤ㉏ൟǃऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟ੠ᴤ᭭খ᭄
/FileName, EX5.1 ! 䆒㕂Ꮉ⿟᭛ӊৡ⿄
/PREP7 ! ࡴ䕑ࠡ໘⧚῵ഫ
SMRT,OFF ! ݇䯁ᱎ㛑࣪㔥Ḑࡳ㛑
/TITLE, EX5.1, ELLIPTIC MEMBRANE UNDER A UNIFORMLY-DISTRIBUTED LOAD(PLANE42)
/COM, NAFEMS (REF.58), TEST NO. LE1 (MODIFIED)
/COM, USING 2-D STRUCTURAL SOLID, PLANE42
ANTYPE,STATIC ! ᅮНߚᵤ㉏ൟЎ䴭࡯ߚᵤ
ET,1,PLANE42,,,3 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬Ўᏺ८ᑺⱘᑇ䴶ᑨ࡯ऩ‫ܗ‬PLANE42
MP,EX,1,210E9 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EX˙210GPa
MP,NUXY,1,0.3 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨NUXY=0.3
R,1,0.1 ! 䆒㕂८ᑺ0.1m
! (2) ೼ἁ೚തᷛ㋏ϟ,ᅮН݇䬂⚍ǃ㒓੠䴶
! LOCAL, KCN, KCS, XC, YC, ZC, THXY, THYZ, THZX, PAR1, PAR2
LOCAL,11,1,,,,,,,0.5 ! ೼തᷛॳ⚍ᅮНἁ೚തᷛ㋏,Yᮍ৥ⱘⷁ䕈ϢXᮍ৥ⱘ䭓䕈П↨Ў0.5
K,1,2,90 ! ೼തᷛ(2m,90ᑺ)໘ᅮН㄀1Ͼ݇䬂⚍
K,2,2,0 ! ೼തᷛ(2m,0)໘ᅮН݇䬂⚍2
L,1,2 ! 䖛݇䬂⚍1,2ᅮНⳈ㒓
LOCAL,12,1,,,,,,,0.8461585 ! ೼തᷛॳ⚍ᅮНἁ೚തᷛ㋏,Yᮍ৥ⱘⷁ䕈ϢXᮍ৥ⱘ䭓䕈П↨Ў

220
 ㄀ゴ㝰੠㭘໇䯂乬

0.8461585
K,3,3.25,90 ! ೼തᷛ(3.25m,90ᑺ)໘ᅮН݇䬂⚍3
K,4,3.25,0 ! ೼തᷛ(3.25m,0)໘ᅮН݇䬂⚍4
L,3,4 ! 䖛݇䬂⚍3,4ᅮНⳈ㒓
CSYS,0 ! ᇚᔧࠡതᷛ㋏ߛᤶࠄᭈԧⳈ㾦തᷛ㋏
L,2,4 ! 䖛݇䬂⚍2,4ᅮНⳈ㒓
L,1,3 ! 䖛݇䬂⚍1,3ᅮНⳈ㒓
AL,2,4,1,3 ! ⫼㒓2,4,1੠3ᅮН䴶
! (3)೼Ⳍᑨⱘ㒓Ϟᮑࡴԡ⿏㑺ᴳ
DL,4,1,SYMM ! ᇍ1ো䴶ⱘ4ো㒓ᮑࡴᇍ⿄ԡ⿏䖍⬠ᴵӊ
DL,3,1,SYMM ! ᇍ1ো䴶ⱘ3ো㒓ᮑࡴᇍ⿄ԡ⿏䖍⬠ᴵӊ
SFL,2,PRES,-10E6 ! ᇍ2ো㒓ᮑࡴ㒓य़࡯㥋䕑10E6 N/m2
MSHK,2 ! བᵰৃ㛑,䞛⫼᯴ᇘ㔥Ḑࠪߚ
MSHA,0,2D ! Փ⫼ಯ䖍ᔶ㔥Ḑ
SAVE ! ֱᄬ῵ൟ᭄᥂ࠄ咬䅸᭄᥂ᑧ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎࠡ໘⧚῵ഫ
! (4)ᠻ㸠㞾䗖ᑨ㔥Ḑߦߚ੠∖㾷ᅣ⿟ᑣ,ᠻ㸠㞾ᅮНⱘৢ໘⧚ᅣ⿟ᑣ
ADAPT,3,7,,,1 ! Փ⫼ANSYS乘ᅮНⱘ㞾䗖ᑨ㔥Ḑߦߚᅣ⿟ᑣ,⫼NSOLN=3, STARGT=7,੠
FACMX=1ㄝখ᭄ᴹ∖㾷
/Post1 ! 䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
EPLOT ! 㒬ࠊऩ‫ܗ‬
PLDISP,1 ! ᰒ⼎বᔶ೒
PLNSOL,S,X ! ᰒ⼎∈ᑇᑨ࡯ߚᏗ
PLNSOL,S,Y ! ᰒ⼎オ৥ᑨ࡯ߚᏗ
PLNSOL,S,1 ! ᰒ⼎᳔໻ᢝᑨ࡯ߚᏗ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
! (5)ᅮНᅠ៤ৢ໘⧚ࡳ㛑ⱘᅣ⿟ᑣMAC
*CREATE,MAC ! ᅮН⫼Ѣᅠ៤ৢ໘⧚ⱘᅣ⿟ᑣMAC
/Graphics,Full ! ݇䯁PowerGraphics,ҹᰒ⼎㛑䞣㣗᭄䇃Ꮒ
/POST1 ! 䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
PRERR ! ᠧॄ㛑䞣㣗᭄䇃Ꮒ(SEPC)
NSEL,S,LOC,Y,0.0 ! 䗝ᢽY=0ԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍
NSEL,R,LOC,X,2.0 ! 㒻㓁䗝ᢽX=2.0mԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍
*GET,MNODE,NODE,,NUM,MAX ! ᦤপᔧࠡ䗝ᢽ䲚Ё᳔໻㡖⚍ো,ֱᄬࠄব䞣MNODE
*GET,SY_D,NODE,MNODE,S,Y ! ᦤপ㡖⚍MNODEⱘオ৥ᑨ࡯SY,ᄬܹব䞣SY_D
NSEL,ALL ! 䗝ᢽ᠔᳝㡖⚍
ESEL,ALL ! 䗝ᢽ᠔᳝ऩ‫ܗ‬
*status,parm ! ᰒ⼎‫ݙ‬ᄬব䞣ⱘؐ
/Graphics,Power ! ᠧᓔPowerGraphics,ҹᰒ⼎݊Ҫ㒧ᵰ
*END ! ᅣ⿟ᑣMACᅮН㒧ᴳ
! (6)⫼ࠡᅮНⱘᅣ⿟ᑣᅠ៤ৢ໘⧚,ᇚ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰֱᄬࠄব䞣
*USE,MAC ! ᠻ㸠ৢ໘⧚ᅣ⿟ᑣMAC
*DIM,LABEL,CHAR,1,2 ! ᅮН1*2ⱘᄫヺൟ᭄㒘LABEL
*DIM,VALUE,,1,3 ! ᅮН1*3ⱘ᭄ؐൟ᭄㒘VALUE

221
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

LABEL(1,1) = 'TAN STR ' ! 㒭᭄㒘LABELⱘ㄀1߫䌟ؐ

LABEL(1,2) = 'MPa' ! 㒭᭄㒘LABELⱘ㄀2߫䌟ؐ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,1),DATA,92.70 ! 㒭᭄㒘VALUEⱘ㄀1߫䌟⧚䆎ؐ92.70MPa
*VFILL,VALUE(1,2),DATA,(SY_D/1000000) ! 㒭᭄㒘VALUEⱘ㄀2߫䌟䅵ㅫؐ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,3),DATA,ABS((SY_D/1000000)/92.7) ! 㒭᭄㒘VALUEⱘ㄀3߫䌟↨ؐ
SAVE, TABLE1 ! ֱᄬ᭄᥂ࠄ咬䅸᭄᥂ᑧTABLE1
FINISH ! 䗔ߎৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
! (7)ᬍবऩ‫ܗ‬ЎPLANE82,䞡ᮄ䅵ㅫ
/CLEAR, NOSTART ! ೼ᓔྟ㄀Ѡ䚼ߚ∖㾷ࠡ,⏙䰸᭄᥂,ϡࡴ䕑߱ྟ࣪᭛ӊ!
/COM, USING 2-D 8-NODE STRUCTURAL SOLID, PLANE82
/FileName, EX5.1 ! 䆒㕂Ꮉ⿟᭛ӊৡ⿄
/PREP7 ! ࡴ䕑ࠡ໘⧚῵ഫ
SMRT,OFF ! ݇䯁ᱎ㛑࣪㔥Ḑࡳ㛑
RESUME ! 䞡ᮄ䇏ܹ῵ൟ᭄᥂
/TITLE, EX5.1, ELLIPTIC MEMBRANE UNDER A UNIFORMLY-DISTRIBUTED LOAD(PLANE82)
ET,1,PLANE82,,,3 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬Ўᏺ८ᑺⱘѠ㓈8㡖⚍ᑇ䴶ᑨ࡯ऩ‫ܗ‬PLANE82
FINISH ! 䗔ߎࠡ໘⧚῵ഫPREP7
! (8) ᠻ㸠㞾䗖ᑨ㔥Ḑᅣ⿟ᑣ,ᠻ㸠㞾ᅮНⱘৢ໘⧚ᅣ⿟ᑣ
ADAPT,2,5,,,1 ! Փ⫼ANSYS乘ᅮНⱘ㞾䗖ᑨ㔥Ḑߦߚᅣ⿟ᑣ,⫼NSOLN=2, STARGT=5,੠
FACMX=1ㄝখ᭄ᴹ∖㾷
/Post1 ! 䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
/WINDOW,5,OFF ! ݇䯁5োにষⱘᰒ⼎
/WINDOW,1,FULL ! ᇚ1োにষⱘᰒ⼎䆒㕂ЎᭈϾ೒ᔶにষ
PLNSOL,S,EQV ! ᰒ⼎ㄝᬜMISESᑨ࡯ߚᏗ
PLDISP,1 ! ᰒ⼎বᔶ೒
PLNSOL,S,X ! ᰒ⼎∈ᑇᑨ࡯ߚᏗ
PLNSOL,S,Y ! ᰒ⼎オ৥ᑨ࡯ߚᏗ
PLNSOL,S,1 ! ᰒ⼎᳔໻ᢝᑨ࡯ߚᏗ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
! (9) ⫼ࠡᅮНⱘᅣ⿟ᑣᅠ៤ৢ໘⧚,ᇚ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰֱᄬࠄব䞣
*USE,MAC ! ᠻ㸠ৢ໘⧚ᅣ⿟ᑣMAC
*DIM,LABEL,CHAR,1,2 ! ᅮН1*2ⱘᄫヺൟ᭄㒘LABEL
*DIM,VALUE,,1,3 ! ᅮН1*3ⱘ᭄ؐൟ᭄㒘VALUE
LABEL(1,1) = 'TAN STR ' ! 㒭᭄㒘LABELⱘ㄀1߫䌟ؐ
LABEL(1,2) = 'MPa' ! 㒭᭄㒘LABELⱘ㄀2߫䌟ؐ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,1),DATA,92.70 ! 㒭᭄㒘VALUEⱘ㄀1߫䌟⧚䆎ؐ92.70 MPa
*VFILL,VALUE(1,2),DATA,(SY_D/1000000) ! 㒭᭄㒘VALUEⱘ㄀2߫䌟䅵ㅫؐ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,3),DATA,ABS((SY_D/1000000)/92.7) ! 㒭᭄㒘VALUEⱘ㄀3߫䌟↨ؐ
SAVE, TABLE2 ! ֱᄬ᭄᥂ࠄ咬䅸᭄᥂ᑧTABLE2
! (10)Ң᭄᥂ᑧЁᘶ໡᭄᥂,ᇚϸ⾡ϡৠऩ‫ⱘܗ‬䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ䗮䖛᭄㒘ব䞣ֱᄬࠄ᭛ӊ
RESUME,TABLE1 ! Ң᭄᥂ᑧTABLE1Ёᘶ໡᭄᥂
/COM
/OUT, EX5_1, out ! ᇚ䕧ߎ‫ݙ‬ᆍ䞡ᅮ৥ࠄ᭛ӊEX5_1.out
/COM,------------------- EX5.1 RESULTS COMPARISON --------------

222
 ㄀ゴ㝰੠㭘໇䯂乬

/COM,
/COM, | TARGET | ANSYS | RATIO
/COM,
/COM,PLANE42 RESULTS:
/COM,
*VWRITE,LABEL(1,1),LABEL(1,2),VALUE(1,1),VALUE(1,2),VALUE(1,3)
(1X,A8,A8,' ',F10.2,' ',F10.2,' ',1F8.3)
/NOPR
RESUME,TABLE2 ! Ң᭄᥂ᑧTABLE2Ёᘶ໡᭄᥂
/GOPR
/COM,
/COM,PLANE82 RESULTS:
/COM,
*VWRITE,LABEL(1,1),LABEL(1,2),VALUE(1,1),VALUE(1,2),VALUE(1,3)
(1X,A8,A8,' ',F10.2,' ',F10.2,' ',1F8.3)
/COM,----------------------------------------------------------
/OUT ! 㒧ᴳ᭄᥂䞡ᅮ৥ˈ݇䯁䕧ߎ᭛ӊ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
*LIST, EX5_1, out ! ߫㸼ᰒ⼎᭛ӊEX5_1.outⱘ‫ݙ‬ᆍ

3ˊ㒧ᵰ䅼䆎

߽⫼Ϟ䴶⿟ᑣˈ䅵ㅫњϸ⾡ϡৠऩ‫ܗ‬೼⫼㞾䗖ᑨऩ‫ܗ‬㔥Ḑ䅵ㅫⱘ㒧ᵰˈ↨䕗ᚙ‫މ‬བ㸼
5.1᠔⼎DŽᘏԧᴹ䇈ˈϸ⾡ऩ‫ⱘܗ‬䅵ㅫ㊒ᑺ䛑䴲ᐌདˈҢࠡ䴶ⱘবᔶ೒੠৘乍ᑨ࡯↨䕗гৃ
ҹⳟߎ䖭ϔ⚍DŽ⬅ѢPLANE82Փ⫼䕗ᇣⱘ㊒ᑺ㽕∖ˈ᠔ҹ೼᳔໻オ৥ᑨ࡯ⱘ㒧ᵰϞ≵᳝
PLANE42ऩ‫ܗ‬དDŽԚᰃᅗⱘᘏԧᗻ㛑ᰃ㽕དѢPLANE42ऩ‫ˈⱘܗ‬䖭ϔ⚍ৃҹҢ㛑䞣㣗᭄Ϟ
ⳟߎDŽ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰᬊᬯৢˈ䗮䖛ৢ໘⧚ੑҸĀPRERRāৃҹⳟࠄPLANE42ऩ‫ⱘܗ‬SPECؐㄝ
Ѣ7.0332ˈ㗠PLANE82ऩ‫ܗ‬ᰃ0.194DŽ䖭䇈ᯢPLANE82ⱘᬊᬯᚙ‫މ‬᳈དˈҢ䅵ㅫᬊᬯৢⱘ㔥
Ḑᚙ‫ৃˈމ‬ҹⳟߎˈPLANE82ⱘऩ‫ܗ‬੠㡖⚍᭄㽕ᇥ䆌໮DŽ
㸼5.1 ⫼㞾䗖ᑨ㔥Ḑᅣ⿟ᑣϡৠऩ‫ܗ‬䅵ㅫ৿ἁ೚ᄨⱘἁ೚㭘㝰೼໪ᓴ࡯԰⫼ϟⱘ᳔໻オ৥ᑨ࡯㒧ᵰ
ϡ ৠ ऩ ‫ܗ‬ ⧚ 䆎 㾷[27] (MPa) Ansys㾷 (MPa) ↨ ؐ
PLANE42ऩ‫ܗ‬ 92.70 92.48 0.998
PLANE82ऩ‫ܗ‬ 92.70 91.83 0.991

5.2 ೚ᔶ㭘㝰໻বᔶ䴭࡯ߚᵤ
-3
ञᕘa=254mmˈ८ᑺt=2.54× 10 mmˈ਼䖍།㋻ⱘ೚ᔶ㭘㝰ˈ೼ഛࣔߚᏗ㥋䕑p=689.5Pa
԰⫼ϟ˄བ೒5.15᠔⼎˅DŽᏆⶹᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣E=207GPaˈ⊞ᵒ↨°=0.25ˈ⛁㝼㚔㋏᭄
-5
a=5/9× 10 m/meCˈ㗗㰥໻বᔶᬜᑨ੠ᑨ࡯ᔎ࣪ᬜᑨˈ⫼䕈ᇍ⿄㒧ᵘ໇ऩ‫ܗ‬SHELL51ˈ⹂
ᅮ㭘㝰Ёᖗⱘᣴᑺ¨0 ˈҹঞ䖍㓬໘ⱘᕘ৥ᑨ࡯¶0 ੠ᕘ৥ᑨ࡯¶0 DŽ

223
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

೒5.15 ೚ᔶ㭘㝰໻বᔶ䴭࡯ߚᵤ῵ൟ ೒5.16 ೚ᔶ㭘㝰໻বᔶ䴭࡯ߚᵤⱘ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟ

1ˊ⧚䆎㾷

(1) सৢ٤಴d
ḍ᥂೎ᬃ೚ᵓ໻ᣴᑺᔃ᳆㾷ㄨ[16]:403Ϟⱘ236ᓣˈ೼⊞ᵒ↨°=0.25ᯊˈ೚ᵓЁᖗᣴᑺ
w0 ⒵䎇˖
3 4
⎛w ⎞
+ 0.583 ⎜ 0 ⎟ = 0.176 ⎛⎜ ⎞⎟
w0 q a (5.1)
h ⎝ h ⎠ E⎝h⎠
ᇍѢᕜ㭘ⱘᵓˈবᔶ䕗໻ᯊˈϞᓣЁᎺ䖍ⱘ㄀1乍䖰ᇣѢ㄀2乍ˈ᠔ҹ䖥Ԑ᳝˖
qa
w0 = 0.665 a 3 (5.2)
Eh
H. Hencky(1915)㒭ߎњ᳈㊒⹂ⱘ݀ᓣЎ˖
qa
w0 = 0.662 a 3 (5.3)
Eh
䖭Ͼ݀ᓣ㒭ⱘ㒧ᵰ੠䆩偠㒧ᵰ䴲ᐌ᥹䖥DŽৠᯊ೼ᵓⱘЁᖗԡ㕂੠䖍⬠ԡ㕂Ϟⱘᕘ৥ᑨ
࡯ߚ߿Ў˖
Eq 2 a 2 Eq 2 a 2
(σ r )r = 0 = 0.423 3 , (σ r )r =a = 0.328 3 (5.4)
h2 h2
(2) ೴ᄔ‫ޙ‬സd
ҷ᭄ܹؐˈᕫࠄ˖
pa 689.5 × 0.254
w0 = 0.662 a 3 = 0.662 × 0.254 × 3 = 11.656mm (5.5)
Et 207 ×10 9 × 2.54 × 10− 6
207 ×109 × 689.5 2 × 0.254 2
(σ r )r = 0 = 0.423 × 3 = 420.75MPa (5.6)
2.54 2 ×10 −12
207 ×109 × 689.52 × 0.2542
(σ r )r =a = 0.328 × 3 = 326.25MPa (5.7)
2.542 × 10− 12

2ˊANSYSߚᵤ

⬅Ѣ㭘㝰ⱘᔃ᳆߮ᑺ䴲ᐌᇣˈЎњ䅵ㅫⱘ〇ᅮᗻˈ೼㄀1Ͼ㥋䕑ℹ㒭㭘㝰ᮑࡴњ50ᑺ
˄ৃҹᰃӏᛣⱘ݊Ҫᑺ᭄˅ⱘ䰡⏽ҹѻ⫳乘ᑨ࡯DŽ೼㄀2ℹᓔྟᮑࡴय़࡯㥋䕑DŽ೼㄀3ℹ⿏এ
⏽ᑺ㥋䕑DŽ᳔ৢᣛᅮⱘᰃ࡯ⱘᬊᬯ‫ˈ߭ޚ‬㗠ϡᰃᔃⶽⱘᬊᬯ‫ˈ߭ޚ‬಴Ўᔃⶽᇍ㾷ᴹ䇈ᕜᇣˈ

224
 ㄀ゴ㝰੠㭘໇䯂乬

гϡᬣᛳˈ䖭ḋ໘⧚ӮՓ∖㾷ⱘᬊᬯ䗳ᑺ᳈ᖿDŽϟ䴶㒭ߎЏ㽕ℹ偸ঞ݊䇈ᯢDŽ
(1) ಁᄢٝё༪ົēӦ၍फ໸cಬШ೴ۤϫॸϵ೴d
⫼ऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟᅮНੑҸĀET,1,SHELL51,,,,1āᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬Ў䕈ᇍ⿄㒧ᵘ໇ԧऩ‫ܗ‬
SHELL51ˈᑊ⫼ᅲᐌ᭄ᅮНੑҸĀR,1,2.54e3āᅮН໇ԧ८ᑺЎ0.00254mmDŽ
⫼ᴤ᭭খ᭄ᅮНੑҸĀMP,EX,1,207E3āᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EX=207 GPaˈ⫼
ĀMP,NUXY,1,0.25āᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨NUXY=0.25ˈ⫼ĀMP,ALPX,1,0.556E5āᅮ
Н㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⛁㝼㚔㋏᭄ALPX=0.556E5DŽ
(2) Շ࿌ࠋԤۤӦ၍d
ᣝ✻೒5.16᠔⼎ⱘ㡖⚍੠ऩ‫ܗ‬Ꮧ㕂ˈ䆹䕈ᇍ⿄䯂乬া䳔㽕ᅮНಲ䕀៾䴶Ϟⱘ㡖⚍੠ऩ
‫ˈৃेܗ‬ᑊ೼Ёᖗԡ㕂䆒㕂ᇍ⿄ԡ⿏ᴵӊˈ೎ᅮ䖍⬠ԡ㕂䆒㕂೎ᅮԡ⿏ᴵӊDŽ
ᣝ✻೒5.16᠔⼎ˈ⫼㡖⚍ᅮНੑҸĀN,1ā೼തᷛॳ⚍ᅮН1ো㡖⚍ˈ⫼ĀN,11,254ā೼
തᷛ(254mm,0)ᅮН11ো㡖⚍DŽ⫼㡖⚍฿‫⫳ܙ‬៤ੑҸĀFILLā೼1ো㡖⚍੠11ো㡖⚍П䯈฿
‫⫳ܙ‬៤݊ԭ2োࠄ10ো㡖⚍DŽ
⫼ऩ‫ܗ‬ᅮНੑҸ ĀE,1,2ā
䖛1ো㡖⚍੠2ো㡖⚍ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ
⫼ऩ‫⫳ܗ‬៤ੑҸĀEGEN,10,1,1ā
ᣝ✻ࠡ䴶ऩ‫ܗ‬ᕾ⦃10⃵ˈ⫳៤݊ԭⱘ9Ͼऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ
(3) ၽௐࠓ੦ࣖēಁᄢௐࠓ༪ົēಠަสྭၟ೯‫܊‬ௐࠓd
⫼Ā/SOLUāࡴ䕑∖㾷῵ഫৢˈ⫼ĀANTYPE,STATICāᅮНߚᵤ㉏ൟЎ䴭࡯ߚᵤDŽ⫼
ĀNLGEOM,ONāᠧᓔ໻বᔶߚᵤ䗝乍ˈ⫼ĀSSTIF,ONāᠧᓔᑨ࡯ᔎ࣪䗝乍ˈՓ໻বᔶᬜ
ᑨᇍᑇ㸵ᕅડ㛑໳㗗㰥䖯ᴹDŽ⫼ᣛᅮ䴲㒓ᗻߚᵤᬊᬯؐᅮНੑҸĀCNVTOL,F,,,,2āᣛᅮা
Փ⫼࡯ⱘᬊᬯ‫ˈ߭ޚ‬᳔ᇣখ㗗ؐ䆒㕂Ў2NDŽ
⫼䕧ߎ䗝乍ᅮНੑҸĀOUTPR,,LASTā䆒㕂া䕧ߎ᳔ৢϔϾ㥋䕑ℹⱘ෎ᴀ㒧ᵰˈ䖭䞠
ⳕ⬹ⱘ䗝乍ᰃĀBASICāDŽ⫼ᮑࡴഛࣔ⏽ᑺ㥋䕑ੑҸĀTUNIF,-50ā䆒㕂᠔᳝㡖⚍ⱘ⏽ᑺ䰡
Ԣ50ᑺˈҹᔶ៤⏽ᑺᢝᑨ࡯DŽ
⫼䗝ᢽ㡖⚍ੑҸĀNSEL,S,LOC,X,0ā䗝ᢽX=0ԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍ˈ⫼ᮑࡴᇍ⿄ԡ⿏㑺ᴳੑҸ
ĀDSYM,SYMM,Xāᮑࡴ݇ѢX䕈(YZᑇ䴶)ⱘᇍ⿄䖍⬠ᴵӊDŽ⫼ĀNSEL,ALLā䗝ᢽ᠔᳝㡖
⚍DŽ⫼ԡ⿏㑺ᴳੑҸĀD,11,ALLā೎ᅮ11ো㡖⚍ⱘ᠔᳝㞾⬅ᑺDŽ㒣䖛䖭ѯᓎ῵ੑҸ੠ᮑࡴ
ԡ⿏㑺ᴳৢⱘ῵ൟབ೒5.17᠔⼎DŽ

೒5.17 ೚ᔶ㭘㝰໻বᔶ䴭࡯ߚᵤⱘ䕈ᇍ⿄᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟ

225
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

⫼ĀSOLVEāᓔྟ∖㾷⏽ᑺ㥋䕑ᓩ䍋ⱘᑨ࡯DŽ
(4) ಁᄢԞ႙ϤЩ۠ၻē༶‫ܬ‬ௐࠓd
⫼ĀKBC,1ā䆒㕂䴲㒓ᗻ䗁ҷ∖㾷ⱘℹ䭓䞛⫼೎ᅮℹ䭓㥋䕑๲䞣DŽ⫼㸼䴶㥋䕑ᅮНੑ
ҸĀSF,ALL,PRES,689.5e6ā೼᠔᳝ऩ‫ܗ‬Ϟᮑࡴय़࡯㥋䕑689.5PaDŽ⫼ĀSOLVEāᓔྟ䴲㒓
ᗻ঴ҷ∖㾷DŽ೼䴲㒓ᗻ∖㾷䖛⿟Ёˈ೒ᔶにষӮࡼᗕᦤ⼎䅵ㅫⱘ䖯⿟ঞ݊ᬊᬯᚙ‫ˈމ‬೒5.18
᠔⼎ህᰃᰒ⼎ⱘ䴲㒓ᗻ䗁ҷ䖛⿟DŽ೒Ёᰒ⼎ⱘ᳆㒓ᕜᖿϟ䰡䍟Ѣᣛᅮᬊᬯؐ2Nˈা㒣䖛њ
6⃵ᕾ⦃䅵ㅫDŽ೒ᔶϞ䴶ⱘĀTime = 2ā㸼⼎ᔧࠡ㥋䕑ℹᰃ㄀2㥋䕑ℹDŽ

೒5.18 ೚ᔶ㭘㝰໻বᔶ䴭࡯ߚᵤ䴲㒓ᗻ䗁ҷ䖛⿟ᰒ⼎

(5) ྭ௠ัէ࿫ॏ‫܊‬ēၼұௐࠓd
⫼㡖⚍ഛࣔ⏽ᑺ㥋䕑ᅮНੑҸĀTUNIF,0ā⿏এ⏽ᑺব࣪ˈҹߴ䰸⏽ᑺᑨ࡯ᕅડDŽ⫼
∖㾷ੑҸĀSOLVEā∖㾷≵᳝⏽ᑺ㥋䕑ᯊⱘবᔶDŽ೒5.19ᰃ೒ᔶにষⱘ঴ҷᬊᬯ䖛⿟ࡼᗕ
ᦤ⼎ֵᙃˈᰒ⼎ߎ೼㄀3㥋䕑ℹᬊᬯгᕜᖿˈ໻㑺Ң㄀7⃵ᕾ⦃ࠄ㄀8⃵ᕾ⦃ˈ࡯ⱘᬊᬯ‫߭ޚ‬
ህᏆ㒣ᕜདഄ⒵䎇њDŽ

೒5.19 ⿏এ⏽ᑺᑨ࡯ৢⱘ೚ᔶ㭘㝰໻বᔶ䴭࡯ߚᵤ䴲㒓ᗻ䗁ҷ䖛⿟ᰒ⼎

(6) ၽ‫҉܊‬स੦ࣖēՇ࿌Ӧ၍ζēඔ௜Ӧ၍࿫ॏ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ڴ‬d
⫼Ā/POST1ā䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫৢˈ⫼㥋䕑ℹ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰᅮНੑҸĀSET,3āᣛᅮ䇏
ܹ㄀3Ͼ㥋䕑ℹⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰDŽ⫼㒧ᵰᦤপੑҸĀ*GET,UY,NODE,1,U,Yāᦤপ1ো㡖⚍ⱘԡ

226
 ㄀ゴ㝰੠㭘໇䯂乬

⿏UYؐˈᄬܹব䞣UYDŽ
⫼ ऩ ‫ ܗ‬䗝 ᢽ ੑ Ҹ Ā ESEL,S,ELEM,,1,1 ā 䗝 ᢽ 1 ো ऩ ‫ ܗ‬DŽ ⫼ ऩ ‫ ܗ‬㸼 ᅮ Н ੑ Ҹ
ĀETABLE,CENT,LS,5āҹ໇ԧЁ䴶㭘㝰ᑨ࡯ĀLS,5āЎ‫ݙ‬ᆍᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬㸼CENTDŽ⫼ऩ‫ܗ‬㸼
ᥦ ᑣ ੑ Ҹ Ā ESORT,CENT ā ᇍ ऩ ‫ ܗ‬㸼 CENT ᣝ 㭘 㝰 ᑨ ࡯ ໻ ᇣ ᥦ ᑣ DŽ⫼ ᦤ প 㒧 ᵰ ੑ Ҹ
Ā*GET,PRSCNT,SORT,,MAXāᦤপᥦᑣৢⱘ᳔໻ؐˈᄬܹব䞣PRSCNTDŽ
⫼ĀESEL,S,ELEM,,10,10ā䗝ᢽ10োऩ‫⫼ˈܗ‬ĀETABLE,CEN,LS,5āҹ໇ԧЁ䴶㭘㝰
ᑨ࡯ĀLS,5āЎ‫ݙ‬ᆍᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬㸼CENDŽ⫼ĀESORT,CENāᇍऩ‫ܗ‬㸼CENᣝ໻ᇣᥦᑣDŽ⫼
Ā*GET,PRSOUT,SORT,,MAXāᦤপᥦᑣৢⱘ᳔໻ᑨ࡯ؐˈᄬܹব䞣PRSOUT DŽ
⫼‫ݙ‬ᄬব䞣ᰒ⼎ੑҸĀ*status,parmāᰒ⼎‫ݙ‬ᄬব䞣ⱘؐˈ㒧ᵰབ೒5.20᠔⼎DŽにষЁ
㒭ߎⱘЁᖗ᳔໻ᣴᑺЎ11.755mmˈЁᖗ䚼ԡऩ‫ܗ‬Ϟⱘ᳔໻ᑨ࡯Ў421.52MPaˈ೎ᅮ䖍⬠ԡ
㕂ऩ‫ܗ‬Ϟⱘ᳔໻ᑨ࡯Ў332.66MPaDŽ

೒5.20 ֱᄬ೼‫ݙ‬ᄬব䞣Ёⱘ೚ᔶ㭘㝰໻বᔶ䴭࡯ߚᵤЁᖗᣴᑺ੠ऩ‫ܗ‬ᑨ࡯

(7) Շ࿌೴ᆦέ२ēඹ‫ڶ‬უ໔έ२ߜ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ͬڴ‬ӉӾำߑd

3ˊANSYS⿟ᑣ

FINISH
/CLEAR, NOSTART ! ⏙䰸᭄᥂ˈϡࡴ䕑߱ྟ࣪᭛ӊ
! (1) 䆒㕂Ꮉ⿟䗝乍,ऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟǃᅲᐌ᭄੠ᴤ᭭খ᭄
/FileName,EX5.2
/PREP7 ! ࡴ䕑ࠡ໘⧚῵ഫ
/TITLE, EX5.2, LARGE DEFLECTION OF A CIRCULAR MEMBRANE
C*** THEORY OF PLATES AND SHELLS, TIMOSHENKO, P. 404, EQ. 236
ET,1,SHELL51,,,,1 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬Ў䕈ᇍ⿄㒧ᵘ໇ԧऩ‫ܗ‬SHELL51
R,1,2.54e-3 ! ᅮН८ᑺЎ0.00254mm
MP,EX,1,207E3 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EX˙207 GPa
MP,NUXY,1,0.25 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨NUXY˙0.25
MP,ALPX,1,0.556E-5 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⛁㝼㚔㋏᭄ALPX˙0.556E-5
! (2)ᅮН㡖⚍੠ऩ‫ܗ‬
N,1 ! ೼തᷛॳ⚍ᅮН㄀1ো㡖⚍
N,11,254 ! ೼തᷛ(254mm,0)ᅮН㄀11ো㡖⚍
FILL ! ೼1ো㡖⚍੠11ো㡖⚍П䯈฿‫⫳ܙ‬៤݊ԭ㡖⚍
E,1,2 ! ⫼1ো㡖⚍੠2ো㡖⚍ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬
EGEN,10,1,1 ! ᣝ✻ࠡ䴶ऩ‫ܗ‬ᕾ⦃10⃵,⫳៤݊ԭⱘ9Ͼऩ‫ܗ‬
FINISH ! 䗔ߎࠡ໘⧚῵ഫPREP7

227
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

! (3)೼∖㾷῵ഫ,䆒㕂∖㾷䗝乍,ᮑࡴԡ⿏㑺ᴳৢ∖㾷
/SOLU ! ࡴ䕑∖㾷῵ഫ
ANTYPE,STATIC ! ᅮНߚᵤ㉏ൟЎ䴭࡯ߚᵤ
NLGEOM,ON ! ᠧᓔ໻বᔶ䗝乍
SSTIF,ON ! ᠧᓔᑨ࡯ᔎ࣪䗝乍
CNVTOL,F,,,,2 ! াՓ⫼࡯ⱘᬊᬯ‫߭ޚ‬,᳔ᇣখ㗗ؐЎ2N
OUTPR,,LAST ! া䕧ߎ᳔ৢϔϾ㥋䕑ℹⱘ෎ᴀ㒧ᵰ
TUNIF,-50 ! 䆒㕂⏽ᑺব࣪,ᔶ៤⏽ᑺᑨ࡯
NSEL,S,LOC,X,0 ! 䗝ᢽX=0ԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍
DSYM,SYMM,X ! ᮑࡴ݇ѢX䕈(YZᑇ䴶)ⱘᇍ⿄䖍⬠ᴵӊ
NSEL,ALL ! 䗝ᢽ᠔᳝㡖⚍
D,11,ALL ! ೎ᅮ11ো㡖⚍ⱘ᠔᳝㞾⬅ᑺ
SOLVE ! ᓔྟ∖㾷
! (4)䆒㕂䗦๲ℹ䭓㥋䕑,ᕾ⦃∖㾷
KBC,1 ! 䆒㕂೎ᅮℹ䭓㥋䕑๲䞣
SF,ALL,PRES,689.5e-6 ! ೼᠔᳝ऩ‫ܗ‬Ϟᮑࡴय़࡯㥋䕑689.5Pa
SOLVE ! ᓔྟ∖㾷
! (5)⿏এ⏽ᑺᑨ࡯,೼∖㾷
TUNIF,0 ! ⿏এ⏽ᑺব࣪,ҹߴ䰸⏽ᑺᑨ࡯
SOLVE ! ᓔྟ∖㾷
! (6)೼ৢ໘⧚῵ഫ,ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬㸼,ᦤপऩ‫ܗ‬ᑨ࡯䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
/POST1 ! 䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
SET,3 ! 䇏ܹ㄀3Ͼ㥋䕑ℹⱘ㒧ᵰ
*GET,UY,NODE,1,U,Y ! ᦤপ1ো㡖⚍ⱘԡ⿏UYؐ,ᄬܹব䞣UY
ESEL,S,ELEM,,1,1 ! 䗝ᢽ1োऩ‫ܗ‬
ETABLE,CENT,LS,5 ! ҹ໇ԧЁ䴶㭘㝰ᑨ࡯ĀLS,5āЎ‫ݙ‬ᆍᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬㸼CENT
ESORT,CENT ! ᇍऩ‫ܗ‬㸼CENTᣝ໻ᇣᥦᑣ
*GET,PRSCNT,SORT,,MAX ! ᦤপᥦᑣৢⱘ᳔໻ؐ,ᄬܹব䞣PRSCNT
ESEL,S,ELEM,,10,10 ! 䗝ᢽ10োऩ‫ܗ‬
ETABLE,CEN,LS,5 ! ҹ໇ԧЁ䴶㭘㝰ᑨ࡯ĀLS,5āЎ‫ݙ‬ᆍᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬㸼CEN
ESORT,CEN ! ᇍऩ‫ܗ‬㸼CENᣝ໻ᇣᥦᑣ
*GET,PRSOUT,SORT,,MAX ! ᦤপᥦᑣৢⱘ᳔໻ؐ,ᄬܹব䞣PRSOUT
*status,parm ! ᰒ⼎‫ݙ‬ᄬব䞣ⱘؐ
! (7)ᅮН᭄㒘ব䞣,䗮䖛䖭ѯব䞣ᇚ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰֱᄬࠄ᭛ӊ
*DIM,LABEL,CHAR,3,2 ! ᅮН3*2ⱘᄫヺൟ᭄㒘LABEL
*DIM,VALUE,,3,3 ! ᅮН3*3ⱘ᭄ؐൟ᭄㒘VALUE
LABEL(1,1) = 'Y DISP ','PRES CENT ','PRES RIM' ! 㒭᭄㒘LABELⱘ㄀1߫䌟ؐ
LABEL(1,2) = ' mm',' MPa',' MPa' ! 㒭᭄㒘LABELⱘ㄀2߫䌟ؐ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,1),DATA,-11.656,420.75,326.25 ! 㒭᭄㒘VALUEⱘ㄀1߫䌟⧚䆎ؐ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,2),DATA,UY,PRSCNT,PRSOUT ! 㒭᭄㒘VALUEⱘ㄀2߫䌟䅵ㅫؐ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,3),DATA,ABS(UY/11.656),ABS(PRSCNT/420.75),ABS(PRSOUT/326.25)
/COM
/OUT, EX5_2, out ! ᇚ䕧ߎ‫ݙ‬ᆍ䞡ᅮ৥ࠄ᭛ӊEX5_2.out
/COM,------------------- EX5.2 RESULTS COMPARISON --------------

228
 ㄀ゴ㝰੠㭘໇䯂乬

/COM,
/COM, LOAD STEP 3 | TARGET | ANSYS | RATIO
/COM,
*VWRITE,LABEL(1,1),LABEL(1,2),VALUE(1,1),VALUE(1,2),VALUE(1,3)
(1X,A8,A8,' ',F10.2,' ',F10.2,' ',1F5.3)
/COM,-----------------------------------------------------------
/OUT ! 㒧ᴳ᭄᥂䞡ᅮ৥ˈ݇䯁䕧ߎ᭛ӊ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
*LIST, EX5_2, out ! ߫㸼ᰒ⼎᭛ӊEX5_2.outⱘ‫ݙ‬ᆍ

4ˊ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ䅼䆎

߽⫼Ϟ䴶⿟ᑣˈ䅵ㅫᕫࠄ῾৥य़࡯԰⫼ϟ਼䖍೎ᅮⱘ೚ᔶ㭘㝰ⱘ໻বᔶᣴᑺ੠ᑨ࡯䅵
ㅫ㒧ᵰ˄བ㸼5.2᠔⼎˅DŽЁᖗᣴᑺᰃ㡖⚍ 1ⱘUYԡ⿏DŽЁᖗ䚼ԡऩ‫ⱘܗ‬Ё䴶㭘㝰ᑨ࡯
421.52MPa໻㑺䎱⾏Ёᖗ⚍12.7mmˈ೎ᅮ䖍ԡ㕂ऩ‫ⱘܗ‬ᑨ࡯䕧ߎԡ㕂໻㑺೼X=241.3mm˄䎱
⾏೎ᅮ䖍12.7mm˅DŽ

㸼5.2 ῾৥य़࡯԰⫼ϟ਼䖍೎ᅮⱘ೚ᔶ㭘㝰ⱘ໻বᔶᣴᑺ੠ᑨ࡯䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
Ёᖗᣴᑺ੠ᑨ࡯ ⧚ 䆎 㾷 Ansys㾷 ↨ ؐ
Ёᖗᣴᑺ(mm) 11.66 11.75 1.008
Ёᖗ䚼ԡऩ‫ⱘܗ‬㭘㝰ᑨ࡯(MPa) 420.75 421.52 1.002
೎ᅮ䖍ԡ㕂ऩ‫ⱘܗ‬㭘㝰ᑨ࡯(MPa) 326.25 332.66 1.020

5.3 ᷅ᔶᆍ఼೼‫ݙ‬य़԰⫼ϟⱘ䴭࡯ߚᵤ

Ё䴶ᑇഛⳈᕘd=3048mm ˈ८ᑺt=25.4mm 䭓೚᷅ᔶッ䚼ᇕ䯁ⱘय़࡯ᆍ఼ˈ೼ഛࣔߚ

Ꮧⱘ‫ݙ‬य़㥋䕑p=3.4476MPa԰⫼ϟ˄བ೒5.21᠔⼎˅DŽᏆⶹᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣E=207GPaˈ⊞
ᵒ↨°=0.3ˈ䆩߽⫼䕈ᇍ⿄䫹໇ऩ‫ܗ‬SHELL51ˈ⹂ᅮ䆹ᆍ఼‫ݙ‬Ё䴶Ϟⱘ䕈৥ᑨ࡯s y ੠⦃৥
ᑨ࡯s zDŽ

೒5.21 ᷅ᔶᆍ఼೼‫ݙ‬य़԰⫼ϟⱘ䅵ㅫ῵ൟ ೒5.22 ߽⫼䕈ᇍ⿄ऩ‫ܗ‬῵ᢳ᷅ᔶᆍ఼

229
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

1ˊ⧚䆎㾷

Ң᭛⤂[3]:45Ϟⱘ11ᓣৃⶹˈൖⳈѢᆍ఼ⱘ䕈৥ᇚ݊៾ᓔˈ೼៾䴶Ϟা᳝䕈৥ᑨ࡯s y ˈ
ᭈϾ៾䴶Ϟⱘ䕈৥ᑨ࡯ⱘড়࡯Ϣ‫ݙ‬य़ѻ⫳ⱘড়࡯Ⳍᑇ㸵ˈे˖
∑ Y = 0, pπ d 2 / 4 − σ Y π dt = 0 (5.8)
⬅ℸৃҹ㾷ߎ䕈৥ᑨ࡯˖
pd
σY = (5.9)
4t
೼Ⳍ䎱ऩԡ䭓ᑺⱘ䎱⾏Ϟˈ߽⫼Ϟ䴶ᮍ⊩㒧ߎϔϾᆑᑺᰃ1ⱘ೚⦃ˈ‫ݡ‬ᇚ䆹೚⦃⊓Ⳉᕘ
ᮍ৥៾ᓔˈ೼Ⳉᕘᮍ৥ⱘ៾䴶Ϟߎ⦄⦃৥ᑨ࡯s zˈḍ᥂䖭ञϾ೚⦃ⱘᑇ㸵ˈৃҹᕫࠄ˖
∑ X = 0, − 2 t σ X + pd = 0 (5.10)
⬅ℸৃҹ㾷ߎ⦃৥ᑨ࡯˖
pd
σX = (5.11)
2t
ҷܹϞ䴶᭄ؐˈৃҹᕫࠄ䕈৥ᑨ࡯੠⦃৥ᑨ࡯ⱘؐߚ߿Ў˖
pd 3.4476 × 3048
σY = = = 103.43MPa (5.12)
4t 4 × 25.4
pd 3.4476 × 3048
σX = = = 206.86MPa (5.13)
2t 2 × 25.4
ᅲ䰙Ϟˈ‫ݙ‬य़াᰃ԰⫼೼‫ݙ‬䚼ˈ᠔ҹ‫ݙⱘ⹂ޚ‬य़԰⫼䴶⿃ᑨ䆹ᇚdᤶЎdt/2ˈ᠔ҹ᳈‫ޚ‬
⹂ⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰᑨ䆹ᰃ˖
p(d − t /2) 3.4476 × (3048 − 12.7)
σY = = = 103.00MPa (5.14)
4t 4 × 25.4
p(d − t /2) 3.4476 × (3048 − 12.7)
σX = = = 206.00 MPa (5.15)
2t 2 × 25.4

2ˊANSYSߚᵤ

䕈৥ⱘ䭓ᑺৃҹӏᛣ䗝পˈ䖭䞠䗝ᢽњ254mmDŽ೼ञᕘᮍ৥Փ⫼њ㡖⚍㗺ড়݇㋏ˈ䕈
৥࡯25155716Nᰃᑇ㸵‫ݙ‬य़᠔ᖙ䳔ⱘ㥋䕑ˈⳈ᥹ᮑࡴ೼៾ᓔⱘ䕈ᇍ⿄ऩ‫ܗ‬ϞDŽϟ䴶ᰃЏ㽕
ℹ偸੠䇈ᯢDŽ
(1) Շ࿌ٝё༪ົēӦ၍फ໸cಬШ೴ۤϫॸϵ೴d
⫼ߚᵤ㉏ൟᅮНੑҸĀANTYPE,STATICāᅮНߚᵤ㉏ൟЎ䴭࡯ߚᵤDŽ⫼ऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟᅮ
НੑҸĀET,1,SHELL51āᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬Ў䕈ᇍ⿄໇ԧऩ‫ܗ‬SHELL51ˈ⫼ᅲᐌ᭄ᅮНੑҸ
ĀR,1,25.4āᅮН໇ԧऩ‫ܗ‬८ᑺЎ25.4mmDŽ⫼ᴤ᭭খ᭄ᅮНੑҸĀMP,EX,1,207E3āᅮН㄀1
㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣Ў207 GPaˈ⫼ĀMP,NUXY,1,0.3āᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨NUXY=0.3DŽ
(2) Շ࿌‫ݍ‬ᅧੋ౨ԅࠋԤۤӦ၍d
⫼㡖⚍ᅮНੑҸĀN,1,1524ā೼(1524mm,0) ԡ㕂ᅮН㡖⚍1ˈ⫼ĀN,2,1524,254ā೼
(1524mm,254mm)ԡ㕂ᅮН㡖⚍2DŽ⫼ऩ‫ܗ‬ᅮНੑҸĀE,1,2ā䖛㡖⚍1੠2ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ
(3) Շ࿌ᬲ‫ۦ‬ᆑဎէcสྭၟ೯ۤ۠ၻॏd

230
 ㄀ゴ㝰੠㭘໇䯂乬

⫼㗺ড়㞾⬅ᑺᅮНੑҸĀCP,1,UX,1,2Āᇚ1ো㡖⚍੠2ো㡖⚍ⱘUX㞾⬅ᑺᅮНЎ㄀1Ͼ
㗺ড়㞾⬅ᑺDŽ⫼ԡ⿏㑺ᴳᅮНੑҸĀD,1,UY,,,,,UZ,ROTZāԡ⿏㑺ᴳ1ো㡖⚍ⱘUY,UZ੠
ROTX㞾⬅ᑺˈ⫼ĀD,2,ROTZāԡ⿏㑺ᴳ2ো㡖⚍ROTZ㞾⬅ᑺDŽ
⫼㡖⚍㥋䕑ᅮНੑҸĀF,2,FY, āᅮН䕈৥ᢝᑨ࡯ⱘᘏড়࡯NDŽ⫼ऩ
‫ܗ‬Ϟⱘ㸼䴶࡯ᅮНੑҸĀSFE,1,1,PRES,,3.4476āᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬Ϟⱘ‫ݙ‬य़3.4476MPaDŽ㒣䖛䖭ѯ
ੑҸᕫࠄབ೒5.23᠔⼎ⱘ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟDŽ

೒5.23 ߽⫼㡖⚍੠ऩ‫ܗ‬ᓎ῵ᓎゟⱘ᷅ᔶᆍ఼䕈ᇍ⿄ऩ‫ܗ‬᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟ

(4) ၽௐࠓ੦ࣖᄯēಁᄢ೛ѻ༪ົ‫܊‬ௐࠓd
(5) ၽ‫҉܊‬स੦ࣖՇ࿌Ӧ၍ζ,ඔ௜Ӧ၍࿫ॏd
⫼Ā/POST1ā䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫৢˈ⫼ऩ‫ܗ‬㸼ᅮНੑҸĀETABLE,STRS_Y,NMISC,7ā
ҹ Ё 䴶 Ϟ ⱘ ㄀ 2 Џ ᑨ ࡯ Ā NMISC,7 ā Ў ‫ ݙ‬ᆍ ᅮ Н ऩ ‫ ܗ‬㸼 STRS_Y ˈ ⫼
Ā ETABLE,STRS_Z,NMISC,6ā ҹЁ䴶Ϟⱘ㄀ 1Џᑨ࡯ Ā NMISC,6 āЎ ‫ ݙ‬ᆍ ᅮ Н ऩ ‫ ܗ‬㸼
STRS_ZDŽ
⫼㒧ᵰᦤপੑҸĀ*GET,STRSS_Y,ELEM,1,ETAB,STRS_YāҢऩ‫ܗ‬㸼STRS_YЁᦤপ
ऩ‫ܗ‬1ⱘᑨ࡯ˈᄬܹব䞣STRSS_YDŽ⫼Ā*GET,STRSS_Z,ELEM,1,ETAB,STRS_ZāҢऩ‫ܗ‬
㸼STRS_ZЁᦤপऩ‫ܗ‬1ⱘᑨ࡯ˈᄬܹব䞣STRSS_ZDŽ⫼㦰ऩĀUtility -> Parameters -> Scalar
Parameters”ৃҹⳟࠄབ೒5.24᠔⼎ֱᄬ೼‫ݙ‬ᄬব䞣Ёⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰDŽ

೒5.24 ֱᄬ೼‫ݙ‬ᄬব䞣Ёⱘফ‫ݙ‬य़԰⫼᷅ᔶᆍ఼ⱘᑨ࡯䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ

231
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

(6) Շ࿌೴ᆦέ२,ߜ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ڴ‬ඹ‫ڶ‬൑ਬͬӉӾำߑd

3ˊANSYS⿟ᑣ

FINISH
/CLEAR, NOSTART ! ⏙䰸᭄᥂ˈϡࡴ䕑߱ྟ࣪᭛ӊ
! (1)ᅮНᎹ⿟䗝乍,ऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟǃᅲᐌ᭄੠ᴤ᭭খ᭄
/FileName, EX5.3 ! Ꮉ⿟Ꮉӊৡ⿄
/PREP7 ! ࡴ䕑ࠡ໘⧚῵ഫ
/TITLE, EX5.3, CYLINDRICAL SHELL UNDER INTERNAL PRESSURE
C*** STR. OF MATL., TIMOSHENKO, PART 1, 3RD ED., PAGE 45, ART. 11
C*** AND UGURAL AND FENSTER, ADV. STRENGTH AND APPL. ELAS., 1981
ANTYPE,STATIC ! ᅮНߚᵤ㉏ൟЎ䴭࡯ߚᵤ
ET,1,SHELL51 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬Ў䕈ᇍ⿄໇ԧऩ‫ܗ‬SHELL51
R,1,25.4 ! ᅮН८ᑺЎ25.4 mm
MP,EX,1,207E3 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣Ў207 GPa
MP,NUXY,1,0.3 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨NUXY=0.3
! (2)ᅮН㡖⚍੠ऩ‫ܗ‬
N,1,1524 ! ೼(1524mm,0)ԡ㕂ᅮН㡖⚍1
N,2,1524,254 ! ೼(1524mm,254mm)ԡ㕂ᅮН㡖⚍2
E,1,2 ! 䖛㡖⚍1੠2ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬
! (3)ᅮН㗺ড়㞾⬅ᑺǃԡ⿏㑺ᴳ੠㥋䕑࡯
CP,1,UX,1,2 ! ᇚ1ো㡖⚍੠2ো㡖⚍ⱘUX㞾⬅ᑺᅮНЎ㄀1Ͼ㗺ড়㞾⬅ᑺ
D,1,UY,,,,,UZ,ROTZ ! ԡ⿏㑺ᴳ1ো㡖⚍ⱘUY,UZ੠ROTX㞾⬅ᑺ
D,2,ROTZ ! ԡ⿏㑺ᴳ2ো㡖⚍ROTZ㞾⬅ᑺ
F,2,FY, 25155716 ! 䕈৥ᢝᑨ࡯ⱘᘏড়࡯25155716N
SFE,1,1,PRES,,3.4476 ! ‫ݙ‬य़3.4476 MPa
FINISH ! 䗔ߎࠡ໘⧚῵ഫPREP7
! (4)೼∖㾷῵ഫЁˈ䆒㕂䕧ߎ䗝乍ৢ∖㾷
/SOLU ! ࡴ䕑∖㾷῵ഫ
OUTPR,ALL,1 ! 䕧ߎ㄀1㥋䕑ℹⱘ᠔᳝䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
SOLVE ! ᓔྟ∖㾷
FINISH ! 䗔ߎ∖㾷῵ഫSOLUTION
! (5)೼ৢ໘⧚῵ഫᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬㸼,ᦤপऩ‫ܗ‬ᑨ࡯
/POST1 ! 䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
ETABLE,STRS_Y,NMISC,7 ! ҹЁ䴶Ϟⱘ㄀2Џᑨ࡯Ў‫ݙ‬ᆍᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬㸼STRS_Y
ETABLE,STRS_Z,NMISC,6 ! ҹЁ䴶Ϟⱘ㄀1Џᑨ࡯Ў‫ݙ‬ᆍᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬㸼STRS_Z
*GET,STRSS_Y,ELEM,1,ETAB,STRS_Y ! Ңऩ‫ܗ‬㸼STRS_YЁᦤপऩ‫ܗ‬1ⱘᑨ࡯,ᄬܹব䞣
STRSS_Y
*GET,STRSS_Z,ELEM,1,ETAB,STRS_Z ! Ңऩ‫ܗ‬㸼STRS_ZЁᦤপऩ‫ܗ‬1ⱘᑨ࡯,ᄬܹব䞣
STRSS_Z
! (6)ᅮН᭄㒘ব䞣,ᇚ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ䗮䖛ᅗӀֱᄬࠄ᭛ӊ
*DIM,LABEL,CHAR,2,2 ! ᅮН2*2ⱘᄫヺൟ᭄㒘LABEL
*DIM,VALUE,,2,3 ! ᅮН2*3ⱘ᭄ؐൟ᭄㒘VALUE

232
 ㄀ゴ㝰੠㭘໇䯂乬

LABEL(1,1) = 'STRESS,Y ','STRESS,Z' ! 㒭᭄㒘LABELⱘ㄀1߫䌟ؐ

LABEL(1,2) = ' (MPa) ',' (MPa) ' ! 㒭᭄㒘LABELⱘ㄀2߫䌟ؐ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,1),DATA,103.43,206.86 ! 㒭᭄㒘VALUEⱘ㄀1߫䌟⧚䆎ؐ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,2),DATA,STRSS_Y,STRSS_Z ! 㒭᭄㒘VALUEⱘ㄀2߫䌟䅵ㅫؐ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,3),DATA,ABS(STRSS_Y/103.43),ABS(STRSS_Z/206.86)
/COM
/OUT, EX5_3, out ! ᇚ䕧ߎ‫ݙ‬ᆍ䞡ᅮ৥ࠄ᭛ӊEX5_3.out
/COM,------------------- EX5.3 RESULTS COMPARISON ---------------------
/COM,
/COM, | TARGET | ANSYS | RATIO
/COM,
*VWRITE,LABEL(1,1),LABEL(1,2),VALUE(1,1),VALUE(1,2),VALUE(1,3)
(1X,A8,A8,' ',F10.2,' ',F10.2,' ',1F5.3)
/COM,-----------------------------------------------------------------
/OUT ! 㒧ᴳ᭄᥂䞡ᅮ৥ˈ݇䯁䕧ߎ᭛ӊ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
*LIST, EX5_3, out ! ߫㸼ᰒ⼎᭛ӊEX5_3.outⱘ‫ݙ‬ᆍ

4ˊ㒧ᵰ䅼䆎

߽⫼Ϟ䴶⿟ᑣˈ䅵ㅫᕫࠄ᷅ᔶᆍ఼೼‫ݙ‬य़԰⫼ϟⱘ䕈৥ᑨ࡯੠⦃৥ᑨ࡯䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ˄བ
㸼5.3˅DŽ䕈৥ᑨ࡯䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ੠⧚䆎ᅠܼϔ㟈ˈ⦃৥ᑨ࡯੠⧚䆎㾷гᕜ᥹䖥DŽ
㸼5.3 ᷅ᔶᆍ఼೼‫ݙ‬य़԰⫼ϟⱘ䕈৥ᑨ࡯੠⦃৥ᑨ࡯䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
䕈৥ᑨ࡯੠⦃৥ᑨ࡯ ⧚ 䆎 㾷 Ansys㾷 ↨ ؐ
䕈৥ᑨ࡯(MPa) 103.43 103.43 1.000
⦃৥ᑨ࡯(MPa) 206.86 205.13 0.992

5.4 ೚᷅ᔶ㭘໇೼ഛࣔ‫ݙ‬य़԰⫼ϟⱘ䴭࡯ߚᵤ

Ⳉᕘd=3048mmˈ८ᑺt=25.4mm䭓೚᷅㭘㝰໇ԧ೼ഛࣔߚᏗⱘ‫ݙ‬य़㥋䕑p=3.4476MPa
԰⫼ϟ˄བ೒5.25᠔⼎˅DŽᏆⶹᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣E=207GPaˈ⊞ᵒ↨°=0.3ˈ䆩߽⫼㭘㝰ऩ
‫ܗ‬SHELL41ˈ⹂ᅮ䆹ᆍ఼ⱘ䕈৥ᑨ࡯s 1 ੠⦃৥ᑨ࡯s 2 DŽ

1ˊ⧚䆎㾷

Ң᭛⤂[4]:121Ϟⱘ25ᓣৃⶹˈḍ᥂೚᷅ᔶ㭘໇ᆍ఼೼ഛࣔ‫ݙ‬य़԰⫼ϟⱘ䕈৥ᑨ࡯݀ᓣ˖
pd
σZ = (5.16)
4t
੠⦃৥ᑨ࡯݀ᓣ˖
pd
σY = (5.17)
2t
ҷܹϞ䴶᭄ؐˈৃҹᕫࠄ䕈৥ᑨ࡯੠⦃৥ᑨ࡯ⱘؐߚ߿Ў˖

233
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

pd 3.4476 × 3048
σZ = = = 103.43MPa (5.18)
4t 4 × 25.4
pd 3.4476 × 3048
σY = = = 206.86MPa (5.19)
2t 2 × 25.4

2ˊANSYSߚᵤ

೚᷅㭘㝰໇ԧ೼ഛࣔߚᏗⱘ‫ݙ‬य़㥋䕑p=3.4476MPa԰⫼ϟˈൖⳈѢ䕈㒓ⱘ῾៾䴶Ϟⱘ
ᑨ࡯ᑨ䆹ㄝѢ˄5.18˅ᓣЁⱘ103.43MPaDŽ

X
t =25.4mm
t =25.4mm
p
X
p

d =3080mm

೒5.25 ೚᷅ᔶ㭘໇೼ഛࣔ‫ݙ‬य़԰⫼ϟⱘ䅵ㅫ῵ൟ ೒5.26 ᷅ᔶ㭘໇῾៾䴶⼎ᛣ೒੠തᷛ䕈

䕈৥䭓ᑺৃҹӏᛣ䗝ᢽDŽ⬅Ѣ䯂乬ᰃ䕈ᇍ⿄ⱘˈ᠔ҹা䳔㽕䗝ᢽϔϾऩ‫ܗ‬᠛ऎDŽ䖭䞠
䗝পњ‫݋‬᳝ᕜᇣⱘ10ᑺ೚ᖗ㾦ⱘⳈ䖍ऩ‫ܗ‬ᴹ῵ᢳ೚ᓻᔶ᳆㒓䖍ˈ೼䖍⬠㡖⚍ϞՓ⫼њ㡖⚍
㗺ড়݇㋏DŽ⊼ᛣ˖䖭䞠ⱘ῵ൟ೼᷅തᷛ㋏ϟˈ೒5.27Ёⱘ13䖍੠24䖍ᑨ䆹ᰃ೚ᓻ㒓DŽ೼῾
៾䴶៾ᓔⱘ䖍Ϟᮑࡴ໻ᇣЎ103.43MPaⱘ⡉ᓩᑨ࡯ҹ῵ᢳᇕ䯁ᬜᵰDŽ
‫ݙ‬य़ᰃ䗮䖛೼ऩ‫ܗ‬໪㸼
䴶˄1ো䴶˅ᮑࡴ䋳ⱘय़࡯ᴹᅲ⦄ⱘDŽϟ䴶㒭ߎⱘᰃЏ㽕ℹ偸੠䇈ᯢDŽ

Z 4

2
Y
1
3

? =10 e

X
1

d/2=1524mm

೒5.27 ⫼㭘㝰ऩ‫ܗ‬῵ᢳফ‫ݙ‬य़೚᷅ᔶ㭘໇ⱘ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟ

(1) Շ࿌ٝё༪ົē‫ד‬๥फ໸cӦ၍फ໸cಬШ೴ۤϫॸϵ೴d
⫼ߚᵤ㉏ൟᅮНੑҸĀANTYPE,STATICāᅮНߚᵤ㉏ൟЎ䴭࡯ߚᵤDŽĀET,1,SHELL41ā
ᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬㭘໇ऩ‫ܗ‬SHELL41ˈ⫼ᅲᐌ᭄ᅮНੑҸĀR,1,25.4āᅮН໇ԧऩ‫ܗ‬८ᑺ25.4
mmDŽ⫼ᴤ᭭খ᭄ᅮНੑҸĀMP,EX,1,207E3āᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EX=207 GPaˈ⫼
ĀMP,NUXY,1,0.3āᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨NUXY=0.3DŽ

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 ㄀ゴ㝰੠㭘໇䯂乬

(2) ၽᅘᆵγຂຏēՇ࿌ࠋԤۤӦ၍d
⫼തᷛ㋏ᅮНੑҸĀCSYS,1āᇚᔧࠡതᷛ㋏ߛᤶЎ᷅തᷛ㋏DŽ⫼Ā/View,1,1,1,1āᇚ
にষ1ߛᤶࠄㄝ䕈⌟㾚⚍ᮍ৥DŽ
೼᷅തᷛ㋏ϟˈ⫼ĀN,1,1524ā೼(1524mm,0,0)ԡ㕂ᅮН㡖⚍1ˈ⫼ĀN,2,1524,,254ā
೼(1524mm,0,254mm)ԡ㕂ᅮН㡖⚍2DŽ⫼㡖⚍⫳៤ੑҸĀNGEN,2,2,1,2,1,,10āᣝ✻1,2ো㡖
⚍ˈᕾ⦃2⃵ˈ㡖⚍োࡴ2ˈYതᷛࡴ10ᑺˈ⫳៤3,4㡖⚍DŽ⫼ᮟ䕀㡖⚍ሔ䚼തᷛ㋏ੑҸ
ĀNROTAT,ALLā ᮟ䕀㡖⚍തᷛ㋏ࠄ᷅തᷛ㋏ᮍ৥DŽ ⫼ऩ‫ܗ‬ᅮНੑҸ ĀE,1,2,4,3ā 䖛㡖⚍1,2,4,3
ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ
(3) Շ࿌ᬲ‫ۦ‬ᆑဎէcสྭၟ೯ۤ۠ၻॏd
⫼㗺ড়㞾⬅ᑺᅮНੑҸĀCP,1,UX,1,2,3,4āᇚ1,2,3,4ো㡖⚍ⱘUXᕘ৥㞾⬅ᑺᅮНЎ㄀1
Ͼ㗺ড়㞾⬅ᑺˈ⫼ĀCP,2,UZ,2,4āᇚ2,4ো㡖⚍ⱘUZ䕈৥㞾⬅ᑺᅮНЎ㄀2Ͼ㗺ড়㞾⬅ᑺDŽ
⫼ԡ⿏㑺ᴳੑҸĀD,1,UZ,,,3,2āԡ⿏㑺ᴳ1ো㡖⚍ⱘUZ㞾⬅ᑺˈᣝ๲䞣2ᕾ⦃ࠄ3ো㡖
⚍ˈ⫼ĀD,ALL,UYāԡ⿏㑺ᴳ᠔᳝㡖⚍ⱘUY㞾⬅ᑺDŽ
⫼㸼䴶㥋䕑ᅮНੑҸĀSFE,1,4,PRES,,103.43*25.4āᅮН1োऩ‫ⱘܗ‬4ো䴶Ϟⱘ䕈৥ᢝ
ᑨ࡯103.43 MPaˈ⫼ĀSFE,1,1,PRES,,3.447575āᅮН԰⫼೼1োऩ‫ܗ‬1ো䴶ⱘ‫ݙ‬य़3.447575
MPaDŽ㒣䖛Ϟ䴶ੑҸৢᓎゟདњབ೒5.28᠔⼎ⱘ3D䕈ᇍ⿄᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟDŽ

೒5.28 ⫼㡖⚍੠ऩ‫᥹Ⳉܗ‬ᓎ῵ᓎゟⱘ೚᷅ᔶ㭘໇᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟ

(4) ၽௐࠓ੦ࣖ,ಁᄢௐࠓ༪ົ‫܊‬ௐࠓd
(5) ၽ‫҉܊‬स੦ࣖᄯඔ௜࿫ॏ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ڴ‬d
⫼Ā/POST1ā䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫৢˈ⫼ᦤপ㒧ᵰੑҸĀ*GET,STRS_HOP,NODE,1,S,2ā
ᦤপ1ো㡖⚍ⱘ㄀2Џᑨ࡯ˈᄬܹব䞣STRS_HOPDŽ⫼Ā*GET,STRS_AX,NODE,1,S,1āᦤপ
1ো㡖⚍ⱘ㄀ 1Џ ᑨ ࡯ˈ ᄬ ܹ ব 䞣STRS_AXDŽ ⫼㦰ऩ Ā Utility -> Parameters -> Scalar
Parameters”ৃҹⳟࠄབ೒5.29᠔⼎ֱᄬ೼‫ݙ‬ᄬব䞣Ёⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰDŽ

235
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

೒5.29 ֱᄬ೼‫ݙ‬ᄬব䞣Ёⱘফ‫ݙ‬य़೚᷅ᔶ㭘໇ⱘᑨ࡯䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ

(6) Շ࿌೴ᆦέ२,ඹ‫ڶ‬უ໔έ२ߜ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ڴ‬೛ѻӾำߑd

3ˊANSYS⿟ᑣ

FINISH
/CLEAR, NOSTART ! ⏙䰸᭄᥂ˈϡࡴ䕑߱ྟ࣪᭛ӊ
! (1) ᅮНᎹ⿟䗝乍ǃߚᵤ㉏ൟǃऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟǃᅲᐌ᭄੠ᴤ᭭খ᭄
/FileName, EX5.4 ! Ꮉ⿟Ꮉӊৡ⿄
/PREP7 ! ࡴ䕑ࠡ໘⧚῵ഫ
/TITLE, EX5.4, CYLINDRICAL MEMBRANE UNDER PRESSURE
C*** STR. OF MATLS., TIMOSHENKO, PART 2, 3RD ED., PAGE 121, ART. 25
ANTYPE,STATIC ! ᅮНߚᵤ㉏ൟЎ䴭࡯ߚᵤ
ET,1,SHELL41 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬㭘໇ऩ‫ܗ‬SHELL41
R,1,25.4 ! ᅮН८ᑺ25.4 mm
MP,EX,1,207E3 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EX=207 GPa
MP,NUXY,1,0.3 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨NUXY=0.3
! (2) ೼᷅തᷛ㋏ϟ,ᅮН㡖⚍੠ऩ‫ܗ‬
CSYS,1 ! ߛᤶЎ᷅തᷛ㋏
/View,1,1,1,1 ! ᇚにষ1ߛᤶࠄㄝ䕈ջ㾚⚍ᮍ৥
N,1,1524 ! ೼(1524mm,0,0)ԡ㕂ᅮН㡖⚍1
N,2,1524,,254 ! ೼(1524mm,0,254mm)ԡ㕂ᅮН㡖⚍
NGEN,2,2,1,2,1,,10 ! ᣝ✻1,2ো㡖⚍,ᕾ⦃2⃵,㡖⚍োࡴ2,Yതᷛࡴ10ᑺ,⫳៤3,4㡖⚍
NROTAT,ALL ! ᮟ䕀㡖⚍തᷛ㋏ࠄ᷅തᷛ㋏ᮍ৥
E,1,2,4,3 ! 䖛㡖⚍1,2,4,3ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬
! (3) ᅮН㗺ড়㞾⬅ᑺǃԡ⿏㑺ᴳ੠㥋䕑࡯
CP,1,UX,1,2,3,4 ! ᇚ1,2,3,4ো㡖⚍ⱘUXᕘ৥㞾⬅ᑺᅮНЎ㄀1Ͼ㗺ড়㞾⬅ᑺ
CP,2,UZ,2,4 ! ᇚ2,4ো㡖⚍ⱘUZ䕈৥㞾⬅ᑺᅮНЎ㄀2Ͼ㗺ড়㞾⬅ᑺ
D,1,UZ,,,3,2 ! ԡ⿏㑺ᴳ1ো㡖⚍ⱘUZ㞾⬅ᑺ,ᣝ๲䞣2ᕾ⦃ࠄ3ো㡖⚍
D,ALL,UY ! ԡ⿏㑺ᴳ᠔᳝㡖⚍ⱘUY㞾⬅ᑺ
SFE,1,4,PRES,,-103.43*25.4 ! ᅮН1োऩ‫ⱘܗ‬4ো䴶Ϟⱘ䕈৥ᢝᑨ࡯103.43 MPa
SFE,1,1,PRES,,-3.447575 ! ᅮН‫ݙ‬य़3.447575 MPa
FINISH ! 䗔ߎࠡ໘⧚῵ഫPREP7

236
 ㄀ゴ㝰੠㭘໇䯂乬

! (4)೼∖㾷῵ഫ,䆒㕂∖㾷䗝乍ৢ∖㾷
/SOLU ! ࡴ䕑∖㾷῵ഫ
OUTPR,,1 ! 䕧ߎ㄀1㥋䕑ℹⱘ෎ᴀ㒧ᵰ
SOLVE ! ᓔྟ∖㾷
FINISH ! 䗔ߎ∖㾷῵ഫSOLUTION
! (5)೼ৢ໘⧚῵ഫЁᦤপᑨ࡯䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
/POST1 ! 䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
*GET,STRS_HOP,NODE,1,S,2 ! ᦤপ1ো㡖⚍ⱘ㄀2Џᑨ࡯,ᄬܹব䞣STRS_HOP
*GET,STRS_AX,NODE,1,S,1 ! ᦤপ1ো㡖⚍ⱘ㄀1Џᑨ࡯,ᄬܹব䞣STRS_AX
! (6)ᅮН᭄㒘ব䞣,䗮䖛䖭ѯব䞣ᇚ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ䕧ߎࠄ᭛ӊ
*DIM,LABEL,CHAR,2,2 ! ᅮН2*2ⱘᄫヺൟ᭄㒘LABEL
*DIM,VALUE,,2,3 ! ᅮН2*3ⱘ᭄ؐൟ᭄㒘VALUE
LABEL(1,1) = 'AXIAL ST','HOOP STR' ! 㒭᭄㒘LABELⱘ㄀1߫䌟ؐ
LABEL(1,2) = 'RSS MPa ','SS MPa ' ! 㒭᭄㒘LABELⱘ㄀2߫䌟ؐ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,1),DATA,103.43,206.86 ! 㒭᭄㒘VALUEⱘ㄀1߫䌟⧚䆎ؐ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,2),DATA,STRS_HOP,STRS_AX ! 㒭᭄㒘VALUEⱘ㄀2߫䌟䅵ㅫؐ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,3),DATA,ABS(STRS_HOP/103.43),ABS(STRS_AX/206.86) ! ↨ؐ
/COM
/OUT, EX5_4, out ! ᇚ䕧ߎ‫ݙ‬ᆍ䞡ᅮ৥ࠄ᭛ӊEX5_4.out
/COM,------------------- EX5.4 RESULTS COMPARISON ---------------------
/COM,
/COM, | TARGET | ANSYS | RATIO
/COM,
*VWRITE,LABEL(1,1),LABEL(1,2),VALUE(1,1),VALUE(1,2),VALUE(1,3)
(1X,A8,A8,' ',F10.3,' ',F10.3,' ',1F5.3)
/COM,-----------------------------------------------------------------
/OUT ! 㒧ᴳ᭄᥂䞡ᅮ৥ˈ݇䯁䕧ߎ᭛ӊ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
*LIST, EX5_4, out ! ߫㸼ᰒ⼎᭛ӊEX5_4.outⱘ‫ݙ‬ᆍ

4ˊ㒧ᵰ䅼䆎

߽⫼Ϟ䴶⿟ᑣˈ䅵ㅫᕫࠄফ‫ݙ‬य़೚᷅ᔶ㭘໇ⱘ῾៾䴶Ϟⱘ䕈৥ᑨ࡯੠⦃৥ᑨ࡯䅵ㅫ㒧
ᵰ˄བ㸼5.4᠔⼎˅DŽϸ৥ᑨ࡯䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰϢ⧚䆎ؐ䴲ᐌ᥹䖥DŽ
㸼5.4 ফ‫ݙ‬य़೚᷅ᔶ㭘໇ⱘ䕈৥ᑨ࡯੠⦃৥ᑨ࡯䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
䕈৥ᑨ࡯੠⦃৥ᑨ࡯ ⧚ 䆎 㾷 Ansys㾷 ↨ ؐ
῾៾䴶Ϟⱘ䕈৥ᑨ࡯(MPa) 103.430 103.430 1.000
⦃৥ᑨ࡯(MPa) 206.860 206.067 0.996

237
 ㄀1ゴ ㅔऩᢝय़ᴚ㒧ᵘ

せ』Ხ⮳ᑞᰡ঻ย҂䃐テ

6.1 ㅔᬃ੠೎ᬃ೚ᵓⱘ೼ϡৠ㥋䕑԰⫼ϟⱘᔃ᳆
ञᕘa=1016mmˈ८ᑺt=25.4mm೚ᵓ೼ϡৠⱘ㥋䕑԰⫼ϟ˄བ೒6.1-೒6.3᠔⼎˅DŽᏆⶹ
ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣E=207GPaˈ⊞ᵒ↨°=0.3ˈ䲚Ё࡯ⱘ໻ᇣP=335389NˈഛᏗ㥋䕑q0 =41370Paˈ
䆩߽⫼ลᗻ䕈ᇍ⿄䫹໇ऩ‫ܗ‬SHELL51ˈ⹂ᅮ೼ϟ䴶ϡৠⱘ䖍⬠ᴵӊϟЁᖗԡ㕂ⱘᣴᑺ੠᳔
໻ⱘᔃ᳆ᑨ࡯DŽ
˄1˅ഛᏗ㥋䕑ˈ೎ᬃ䖍⬠˄བ೒6.1᠔⼎˅
˄2˅䲚Ё࡯㥋䕑ˈ೎ᬃ䖍⬠˄བ೒6.2᠔⼎˅
˄3˅q0 =/4ഛᏗ㥋䕑ˈㅔᬃ䖍⬠˄བ೒6.3᠔⼎˅

Y
Y

q0=41370 Pa P=33539 N

X X
a=1016 mm

t=25.4 mm
X
Z Z
Z

೒6.1 ೎ᬃ೚ᵓ೼ഛᏗ㥋䕑԰⫼ϟⱘᔃ᳆ ೒6.2 ೎ᬃ೚ᵓ೼Ёᖗ䲚Ё࡯԰⫼ϟⱘᔃ᳆

q0/4=10343 Pa Y
L1 L2
1 3 22
X X

೒6.3 ㅔᬃ೚ᵓ೼ഛᏗ㥋䕑԰⫼ϟⱘᔃ᳆ ೒6.4 ㅔᬃ੠೎ᬃ೚ᵓⱘ䕈ᇍ⿄᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟ

1ˊ⧚䆎㾷

Ң᭛⤂[4]:96Ϟ103ᓣৃⶹˈ䕈ᇍ⿄೚ᵓⱘᑇ㸵ᮍ⿟˖
⎛ d 2 1 d ⎞⎛ d 2 w 1 dw ⎞
D⎜ 2 + ⎟⎜ 2 + ⎟=q (6.1)
⎝ dr r dr ⎠⎝ dr r dr ⎠
݊Ёˈ D = E t 3 /12/(1 − μ 2 ) ᰃ㭘ᵓⱘᔃ᳆߮ᑺDŽ
䖭Ͼᖂߚᮍ⿟ⱘ䗮㾷Ў˖

238
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

w(r ) = C1 ln r + C2 r 2 ln r + C3 r 2 + C4 + w1 (6.2)
݊Ёˈw1 ᰃӏᛣϔϾ⡍㾷ˈৃҹḍ᥂㥋䕑 q ⱘߚᏗ⹂ᅮDŽ݊Ёⱘ⿃ߚᐌ᭄ Ci (i = 1..4) ⹂
ᅮѢ䖍⬠ᴵӊDŽᇍѢഛᏗ㥋䕑 q0 ԰⫼ϟⱘ೚ᵓˈ⡍㾷ৃҹপЎ
q0 r 4
w1 = (6.3)
64 D
བᵰ㭘ᵓ≵᳝ᄨˈᐌ᭄ C1 = C2 = 0 ˈ৺߭೼㭘ᵓⱘЁᖗ˄ r = 0 ˅໘ᣴᑺЎ᮴か໻DŽ
Ѣᰃ˖
q0 r 4 dw q0 r 3
w = C3 r + C4 +2
ˈ = 2C3 r + (6.4)
64 D dr 16D
ď1Đ࢈ϣ۠ၻ q0 ᆴဈԅ‫څ‬ᄆၕ໹ͪ͐d
䆒ञᕘЎ a ⱘ㭘ᵓ‫݋‬᳝೎ᬃ䖍ˈ߭䖍⬠ᴵӊЎ˖
⎛ dw ⎞
( w) r = a = 0,ˈ, ⎜ ⎟ =0 (6.5)
⎝ dr ⎠ r = a
Ѣᰃˈᕫࠄ˖
q0 a 4 q a3
a 2 C3 + C4 +
ˈ 2aC3r + 0 = 0
64 D 16D
㾷ߎ⿃ߚᐌ᭄ৢˈᕫࠄᣴᑺ㸼䖒ᓣ੠‫࡯ݙ‬㸼䖒ᓣ˖
2
q a4 ⎛ r 2 ⎞
w = 0 ⎜1 − 2 ⎟
64 D ⎝ a ⎠
q0 a 2 ⎡ r2 ⎤ (6.6)
Mr = ⎢ (1 + μ ) − (3 − μ ) ⎥
16 ⎣ a2 ⎦
⎡
q0 a 2 r2 ⎤
Mθ = ⎢ (1 + μ ) − (1 + 3 μ )
⎣16 a 2 ⎥⎦
೼೎ᬃ㭘ᵓⱘЁᖗ໘ˈᣴᑺ੠‫ؐ࡯ݙ‬Ў˖
q a4 (1 + μ )q0 a 2
(w )r = 0 = 0 ˈ ( M r ) r = 0 = (M θ )r = 0 =
64 D 16
೼೎ᬃ䖍⬠Ϟˈ
q a2
(w)r =a = 0ˈ ( M r )r =a = − 0 , ( Mθ ) r =a = 0
8
ϔ㠀ᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨ᇣѢ1ˈ᠔ҹᇍѢ೎ᬃ೚ᔶ㭘ᵓˈ᳔໻ᔃⶽߎ⦄೼೎ᬃ䖍⬠ԡ㕂DŽ
ď2Đ࢈ϣ۠ၻ q0 ᆴဈԅ߅ᄆၕ໹ͪ͐d
䆒㭘ᵓ೼ r = a ໘ᰃㅔᬃ䖍ᯊˈ߭䖍⬠ᴵӊЎ˖
(w)r=a =0ˈ(Mr )r=a =0
Ѣᰃˈᕫࠄ˖
q a4 (3 + μ )q0 a 2
a 2 C3 + C4 + 0 = 0ˈ − 2(1 + μ )DC3 − =0
64 D 16
㾷ߎ⿃ߚᐌ᭄ৢˈᕫࠄᣴᑺˈ䕀㾦੠‫࡯ݙ‬㸼䖒ᓣ˖

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 ㄀ゴᵓⱘᔃ᳆੠໇ԧ䅵ㅫ

q0 a 4 ⎛ r 2 ⎞ ⎛ 5 + μ r 2 ⎞
w= ⎜1 − ⎟ ⎜ − ⎟
64 D ⎝ a 2 ⎠ ⎝ 1 + μ a 2 ⎠
dw q a3 ⎛ 3 + μ r 2 ⎞ r
=− 0 ⎜ − ⎟
dr 16 D ⎝ 1 + μ a 2 ⎠ a (6.7)
(3 + μ ) q0 a2 ⎛ r2 ⎞
Mr = ⎜1 − 2 ⎟
16 ⎝ a ⎠
q0 a 2 ⎡ r2 ⎤
Mθ = (3 + μ ) − (1 + 3 μ )
16 ⎢⎣ a 2 ⎥⎦
೼ㅔᬃ㭘ᵓⱘЁᖗ໘ˈᣴᑺ੠‫߿ߚ࡯ݙ‬Ў˖
(5 + μ )q0 a 4 ˈ (3 + μ )q0 a 2
(w )r = 0 = , ( M r )r = 0 = (M θ ) r = 0 =
64(1 + μ ) D 16
೼䖍⬠Ϟˈ
⎛ dw ⎞ q0 a 3 ˈ
( w) r = a = 0, ⎜ ⎟ = −
ˈ (M r ) r = a = 0
⎝ dr ⎠ r = a 8(1 + μ ) D
ᰒ✊ˈᇍѢㅔᬃ೚ᔶ㭘ᵓˈ᳔໻ᔃⶽߎ⦄೼Ёᖗԡ㕂DŽ
ď3Đᄯ໯‫ނ‬ᄯॏ P ᆴဈຏԅ‫څ‬ᄆၕ໹ͪ͐෵ௗd
⫼ৠḋᮍ⊩ˈৃҹᕫࠄЁᖗ䲚Ё࡯ P ԰⫼ϟˈ೎ᬃ೚ᵓⱘᣴᑺߑ᭄Ў˖
P r2 r P
w (r ) = log e + (a 2 − r 2 ) (6.8)
8π D a 16π D
⬅ℸ⹂ᅮˈЁᖗⱘ᳔໻ᣴᑺЎ˖
Pa 2
(w )r = 0 = (6.9)
16π D
ᔃⶽᮍ⿟Ў˖
P ⎡ a ⎤
Mr = (1 + μ )log −1
4π ⎢⎣ r ⎥⎦
e
(6.10)
⎡ P a ⎤
⎢⎣ (1 + μ )log e r − μ ⎥⎦
Mθ =
4π
೼Ёᖗԡ㕂˄ r = 0 ˅໘ˈᔃⶽ੠ᑨ࡯ߎ⦄᮴か໻ˈ䖭ᰃ⬅Ѣ䲚Ё࡯ⱘ༛ᓖᗻᓩ䍋ⱘDŽ
೼೎ᅮ䖍⬠˄ r = a ˅໘ˈᕘ৥ᔃⶽ੠⦃৥ᔃ᳆ᔃⶽߚ߿Ў˖
P P
M r = − ˈ Mθ = −μ
4π 4π
ᕘ৥ᔃⶽᓩ䍋ⱘ᳔໻ᑨ࡯Ў˖
3 P
(σ r )max =
2 π h2

2ˊ᭄ؐ䅵ㅫ

ҷ᭄ܹؐˈᕫࠄ㭘ᵓⱘᔃ᳆߮ᑺЎ˖
D = E h 3 /12/(1 − μ 2 ) = 207 ×10 9 × 0.02543 /12/(1 − 0.32 ) = 31063 Ngmm

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(1) ࢈ϣ۠ၻᆴဈຏ‫څ‬ᄆͪ͐ԅᄯ໯ખէ‫ޙ‬സd
ഛᏗ㥋䕑 q0 ԰⫼ϟˈ೎ᬃ㭘ᵓⱘЁᖗ໘ⱘᣴᑺؐЎ˖
q0 r 4 0.04137 ×106 ×1.0164
(w )r = 0 = = = 2.21mm
64D 64 × 310634
೎ᬃ䖍⬠໘ⱘ᳔໻ᔃ᳆ᑨ࡯Ў˖
6q r 2 6 × 41370 ×1.016 2
(σ r )r =a = ( M r /(h 2 /6))r =a = − 0 2 = − = 49.644MPa
8t 8 × 0.0254 2
(2) ‫ނ‬ᄯॏ P ᆴဈຏ‫څ‬ᄆͪ͐ԅᄯ໯҉ԅખէ‫ޙ‬സd
䲚Ё࡯ P ԰⫼ϟˈ೎ᬃ㭘ᵓⱘЁᖗ໘ⱘᣴᑺؐЎ˖
P a2 33539 ×1.016 4
(w )r = 0 = = = 2.21mm
16π D 16 × 3.14159 × 310634
೎ᬃ䖍⬠໘ⱘ᳔໻ᔃ᳆ᑨ࡯Ў˖
6P 6 × 33539
(σ r )r = a = ( M r )r =a × 6 / h 2 = 2 = = 24.82 MPa
4π h 4 × 3.14159 × 0.0254 2
(3) ‫ނ‬ᄯॏ P ᆴဈຏ‫څ‬ᄆͪ͐ԅᄯ໯҉ખէ‫ޙ‬സd
q0 /4ഛᏗ㥋䕑ˈㅔᬃ㭘ᵓⱘЁᖗ໘ⱘᣴᑺ੠ᔃ᳆ᑨ࡯ߚ߿Ў˖°
(5 + μ )(q 0 / 4)a 2 (5 + 0. 3) × 41370 / 4 × 1.016 4
(w)r=0 = = =2.26mm
16πD 64(1 + 0.3) × 310634
6 (3 + μ )(q 0 / 4)a 2 6 × (3 + 0. 3) × 41370 / 4 × 1. 016 2
(¶r )r=0=(¶¬ )r=0 = = =20.48Mpa
h2 16 16 × 0.0254 2

3ˊANSYSߚᵤ

೼㄀2⃵ⱘ䅵ㅫЁ㞾ࡼՓ⫼㄀1⃵䅵ㅫⱘᘏԧ߮ᑺⶽ䰉ˈԚᰃ㄀3⃵ैϡ㛑Փ⫼㄀1⃵ⱘ߮
ᑺⶽ䰉њˈ಴Ў䖍⬠ᴵӊ᳝њব࣪DŽ㔥Ḑⱘ⭣ᆚ⿟ᑺ೼Ёᖗԡ㕂੠䖍⬠ԡ㕂䕗ᆚˈЏ㽕ᰃЎ
њ㛑᳈㊒⹂ഄড᯴䖭Ͼऎඳⱘᑨ࡯ؐDŽ
ᣝ✻೒6.4Ёⱘಲ䕀ࠪ䴶Ϟⱘ݇䬂⚍੠㒓ⱘᏗ㕂ˈᓎゟ੠∖㾷೚ᔶ㭘ᵓⱘ䕈ᇍ⿄᳝䰤‫ܗ‬
῵ൟDŽᣝ✻ϟ䴶ℹ偸ᅠ៤ᇍϡৠ䖍⬠ᴵӊ੠㥋䕑ᚙ‫ߚⱘމ‬ᵤˈ㒭ߎњ᳔໻ᣴᑺ੠᳔໻ᔃ᳆ᑨ
࡯DŽ
(1)ಁᄢٝёϵ೴c‫ד‬๥फ໸cӦ၍फ໸cಬШ೴ۤϫॸϵ೴d
⫼ߚᵤ㉏ൟĀANTYPE,STATICāᅮНߚᵤ㉏ൟЎ䴭࡯ߚᵤৢˈ⫼ऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟᅮНੑҸ
Ā ET,1,SHELL51 ā ᅮ Н ㄀ 1㉏ ऩ ‫ ܗ‬Ў 䕈 ᇍ ⿄ ໇ ԧ ऩ ‫ ܗ‬SHELL51 ˈ ᑊ ⫼ ᅲ ᐌ ᭄ ᅮ Н ੑ Ҹ
ĀR,1,25.4āᅮН໇ԧऩ‫ܗ‬८ᑺЎ25.4mmDŽ
⫼ᴤ᭭খ᭄ᅮНੑҸĀMP,EX,1,207E3āᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EX=207 GPaˈ⫼
ĀMP,NUXY,1,0.3āᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨NUXY=0.3DŽ
(2)Շ࿌‫ݍ‬ᅧ୉ੋ౨ԅ‫ߏڑ‬Ԥcຬۤੋēω‫דܣ‬นᅀճыຬӦ၍d
⫼݇䬂⚍ᅮНੑҸĀK,1ā೼തᷛॳ⚍ᅮН㄀1Ͼ݇䬂⚍ˈ⫼ĀK,2,1016ā೼തᷛ(1016mm,0)
ᅮН㄀2Ͼ݇䬂⚍ˈ⫼ĀK,3,508ā೼Ё䯈തᷛ(508mm,0)ᅮН㄀3Ͼ݇䬂⚍˄བ೒6.4᠔⼎˅DŽ
⫼㒓ᅮНੑҸĀL,1,3ā䖛݇䬂⚍1,3ᅮНⳈ㒓ˈ⫼ĀL,3,2ā䖛݇䬂⚍3,2ᅮНⳈ㒓DŽ⫼
㒓ऩ‫ܗ‬ሎᇌᅮНੑҸ ĀLESIZE,1,,,5,20āᇚ1ো㒓ߦߚЎ5↉ˈ䯈 䱨 ↨ ՟ ᣝ20䗦๲ˈ⫼

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Ā LESIZE,2,,,5,.05 ā ᇚ 2ো 㒓 ߦ ߚ Ў 5 ↉ ˈ 䯈 䱨 ↨ ՟ ᣝ 0.05 䗦 ‫ޣ‬DŽ ⫼ 㒓 ऩ ‫ ߚ ߦ ܗ‬ੑ Ҹ

ĀLMESH,ALLāᇚ᠔᳝㒓ߦߚЎ㒓ऩ‫ ܗ‬DŽЎњᰒ⼎ऩ‫ܗ‬ᮍ֓ˈ⫼㓪োᰒ⼎ᓔ݇䆒㕂ੑҸ
Ā/PNUM,ELEM,1āᠧᓔऩ‫ܗ‬㓪োᰒ⼎ᓔ݇ˈ⫼೒ᔶᰒ⼎ऩ‫ܗ‬ੑҸĀEPLOTā೒ᔶᰒ⼎ऩ‫ܗ‬
Ꮧ㕂DŽ㒣䖛䖭ѯᓎ῵ੑҸৢˈᓎゟњབ೒6.5᠔⼎ⱘ䕈ᇍ⿄᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟDŽ೒ЁᎺ䖍ⱘതᷛॳ
⚍ԡѢ೚ᵓⱘЁᖗˈ⊓ⴔञᕘᮍ৥䆒㕂њ10Ͼऩ‫ˈܗ‬೼ᵓⱘЁᖗԡ㕂੠䖍⬠ԡ㕂ऩ‫ܗ‬䕗ᇣDŽ

೒6.5 䆒㕂㒓ऩ‫ܗ‬㔥Ḑ↨՟䗦๲੠䗦‫⫳ৢޣ‬៤ⱘ䕈ᇍ⿄㒓ऩ‫ܗ‬

(3) ̟ԛ1ᄵெࣣ‫ޙ‬സġ࢈ϣ۠ၻc‫څ‬Շժd
⫼Ā/SOLUāࡴ䕑∖㾷῵ഫৢˈ⫼䕧ߎ䆒㕂ੑҸĀOUTPR,,1ā䆒㕂䕧ߎ㄀1㥋䕑ℹⱘ
෎ᴀ㒧ᵰDŽ⫼݇䬂⚍ԡ⿏㑺ᴳੑҸĀDK,1,UX,,,,ROTZā㑺ᴳ㄀1Ͼ݇䬂⚍ⱘXᮍ৥㞾⬅ᑺ
੠Zᮍ৥䕀ࡼ㞾⬅ᑺˈ⫼ĀDK,2,ALLā㑺ᴳ㄀2Ͼ݇䬂⚍ⱘ᠔᳝㞾⬅ᑺDŽ⫼㸼䴶㥋䕑ᅮНੑ
ҸĀSFE,ALL,1,PRES,,0.041370ā೼᠔᳝㒓㸼䴶ᮑࡴ0.041370MPaⱘय़࡯㥋䕑ৢˈ⫼ĀSOLVEā
ᓔྟ∖㾷㄀1⾡㥋䕑ᚙ‫މ‬DŽ೒6.6᠔⼎ᰃᮑࡴԡ⿏㑺ᴳ੠㸼䴶ഛᏗ㥋䕑ৢⱘ䅵ㅫ῵ൟˈ೒Ё
Ꮊջԡ㕂ⱘ1ো݇䬂⚍UX㞾⬅ᑺ੠ROTZ㞾⬅ᑺ㹿㑺ᴳDŽেջ2ো݇䬂⚍ⱘ᠔᳝ԡ⿏㹿㑺ᴳDŽ
ऩ‫ܗ‬Ϟⱘ㑶㡆㸼⼎ऩ‫ܗ‬Ϟⱘ㸼䴶㥋䕑DŽ
(4) ̟ԛ2ᄵெࣣ‫ޙ‬സġᄯ໯‫ނ‬ᄯ۠ၻc߅ᄆΨd
⫼݇䬂⚍Ϟⱘ䲚Ё࡯ᅮНੑҸĀFK,1,FY, 33539ā೼㄀1Ͼ݇䬂⚍Ϟᮑࡴ⊓ⴔYᮍ৥ⱘ
䲚Ё࡯33539NDŽ⫼ĀSFE,ALL,1,PRES,,0āߴ䰸ࠡ䴶ᅮНⱘ㸼䴶य़࡯㥋䕑ˈ⫼ĀSOLVEā
ᓔྟ∖㾷㄀2⾡ᚙ‫މ‬DŽ೒6.7᠔⼎ᰃ䖭⾡ᚙ‫މ‬᠔ᇍᑨⱘ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟˈᎺջԡ㕂ⱘ㑶㡆ㆁ༈㸼
⼎԰⫼೼1ো݇䬂⚍Ϟⱘ䲚Ё࡯DŽ೒Ёⱘ㸼䴶࡯ձ✊ᄬ೼ˈাᰃ㥋䕑໻ᇣㄝѢ0њDŽ
(5) ̟ԛ3ᄵெࣣ‫ޙ‬സġ࢈ϣ۠ၻc߅ᄆΨd
⫼ߴ䰸݇䬂⚍ԡ⿏㑺ᴳੑҸĀDKDELE,2,ROTZāߴ䰸།㋻䖍⬠ᴵӊ㑺ᴳROTZ=0DŽ⫼
݇䬂⚍䲚Ё࡯ᅮНੑҸĀFK,1,FYāᅮН㄀1Ͼ݇䬂⚍Ϟⱘ࡯Ў0ˈ䖭ḋህߴএњࠡ䴶೼䖭Ͼ
݇䬂⚍ϞⱘᅮНDŽ⫼㸼䴶㥋䕑ᅮНੑҸĀSFE,ALL,1,PRES,,0.010343ā೼᠔᳝㒓㸼䴶ᮑࡴ
10343Paⱘय़࡯㥋䕑DŽ⫼ĀSOLVEĀᓔྟ∖㾷㄀3⾡ᚙ‫މ‬DŽ

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೒6.6 ᮑࡴԡ⿏㑺ᴳ੠㸼䴶㥋䕑ⱘ೚ᵓ䕈ᇍ⿄᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟ

೒6.7 ᮑࡴԡ⿏㑺ᴳ੠㸼䴶㥋䕑ⱘ೚ᵓ䕈ᇍ⿄᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟ

(6) ၽ‫҉܊‬स੦ࣖᄯມವέ໹ெࣣd
⫼Ā/POST1ā䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫৢˈ⫼Ā/DSCALE,1,35āᅮНԡ⿏ᬒ໻㋏᭄35DŽ⫼
にষᅮНੑҸĀ/WINDOW,1,1,1,1,.333āᅮН1োにষDŽ⫼䇏ܹ㥋䕑ℹ㒧ᵰੑҸ
ĀSET,1,1ā䇏ܹ㄀1Ͼ㥋䕑ℹⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰˈ⫼೒ᔶᰒ⼎বᔶ೒ੑҸĀPLDISP,1āᏺॳᴹ῵ൟ
೒ˈ೼1োにষᰒ⼎বᔶৢⱘ῵ൟˈᕫࠄԡѢ೒ᔶにষᑩ䚼1োにষЁⱘⱘবᔶ೒˄བ೒6.8
᠔⼎˅DŽ
⫼ĀMID_NODE = NODE (0,0,0)ā䗝ᢽ䎱⾏(0,0,0)᳔䖥ⱘ㡖⚍ˈᄬܹব䞣MID_NODEDŽ
⫼ᦤপ㒧ᵰੑҸĀ*GET,DEF_C1,NODE,MID_NODE,U,Yāᦤপ㡖⚍MID_NODEⱘԡ⿏UYˈ
ᄬܹব䞣DEF_C1DŽ

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೒6.8 ᰒ⼎೼1োにষЁⱘഛᏗ㥋䕑԰⫼ϟ਼䖍೎ᬃ೚ᵓⱘবᔶ೒

⫼ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬㸼ੑҸĀETABLE,STRS,LS,9āҹ໇ԧᑩ䚼ⱘᢝᑨ࡯”LS,9”Ў‫ݙ‬ᆍˈᅮНऩ
‫ܗ‬㸼STRSˈ⫼Ā*GET,STRSS_C1,ELEM,10,ETAB,STRSāҢऩ‫ܗ‬㸼STRSᦤপऩ‫ܗ‬10ⱘᑨ
࡯ˈᄬܹব䞣STRSS_C1DŽ⫼ĀUtility -> Parameters -> Scalar Parametersāᠧᓔব䞣ᰒ⼎に
ষˈⳟࠄབ೒6.9᠔⼎ⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰDŽ

೒6.9 ֱᄬ೼‫ݙ‬ᄬব䞣ЁⱘഛᏗ㥋䕑԰⫼਼䖍೎ᬃ೚ᵓⱘবᔶ੠ᑩ䚼ᢝᑨ࡯

(7) ՠదԛ2۠ၻϤԅ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ڴ‬ēມವέ໹෍d
⫼Ā/WINDOW,1,OFFā݇䯁1োにষⱘᰒ⼎DŽ⫼にষᅮНੑҸ Ā/WINDOW,2,1,1,
.333, .333,1āᅮН2োにষˈ⫼Ā/NOERASEāϡ᪺䰸Ꮖ᳝にষⱘ‫ݙ‬ᆍDŽ⫼ĀSET,2,1ā䇏
ܹ㄀2㥋䕑ℹⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰˈ⫼ĀPLDISPāᰒ⼎㄀2㥋䕑ℹⱘবᔶ೒DŽ೒6.10᠔⼎ᰃ೒ᔶにষ
Ёߎ⦄ⱘϸϾᄤにষˈ݊ЁϞ䴶ⱘ2োᄤにষЁᰒ⼎њফЁᖗ䲚Ё࡯԰⫼ⱘ೎ᬃ೚ᵓⱘব
ᔶ೒DŽ

೒6.10 ᰒ⼎೼1োにষ੠2োにষЁⱘ೎ᬃ೚ᵓⱘবᔶ೒

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 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

⫼ᦤপ㒧ᵰੑҸĀ*GET,DEF_C2,NODE,MID_NODE,U,Yāᦤপ㡖⚍MID_NODEⱘԡ
⿏UYˈᄬܹব䞣DEF_C2DŽ⫼ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬㸼ੑҸĀETABLE,STRS,LS,9āҹ໇ԧᑩ䚼ⱘᢝᑨ
࡯”LS,9”Ў‫ݙ‬ᆍˈᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬㸼STRSDŽ⫼Ā*GET,STRSS_C2,ELEM,10,ETAB,STRSāҢऩ‫ܗ‬
㸼STRS ᦤপऩ‫ܗ‬10ⱘᑨ࡯ˈᄬܹব䞣STRSS_C2DŽ⫼Ā Utility -> Parameters -> Scalar
Parametersāᠧᓔব䞣ᰒ⼎にষˈⳟࠄབ೒6.11᠔⼎ⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰDŽ

೒6.11 ֱᄬ೼‫ݙ‬ᄬব䞣ЁⱘഛᏗ㥋䕑੠䲚Ё࡯԰⫼਼䖍೎ᬃ೚ᵓⱘবᔶ੠ᑩ䚼ᢝᑨ࡯

(8) ՠదԛ3۠ၻϤԅ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ڴ‬ēມವέ໹෍d
⫼Ā/WINDOW,2,OFFā݇䯁2োにষˈ⫼Ā/WINDOW,3,1,1,.333,1,1āᅮН3োにষDŽ
⫼ĀSET,3,1ā䇏ܹ㄀3㥋䕑ℹⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰৢˈ⫼ĀPLDISPāᰒ⼎㄀3㥋䕑ℹⱘবᔶ೒DŽ೒6.12
᠔⼎ᰃ೒ᔶにষЁߎ⦄ⱘ3Ͼᄤにষˈ݊Ё᳔Ϟ䴶ⱘ3োᄤにষЁᰒ⼎њফഛᏗ㥋䕑԰⫼ⱘ
ㅔᬃ೚ᵓⱘবᔶ೒DŽ

೒6.12 ೼᳔Ϟ䴶ⱘ3োにষᰒ⼎ㅔᬃ೚ᵓⱘবᔶ೒

⫼Ā*GET,DEF_C3,NODE,MID_NODE,U,Yāᦤপ㡖⚍MID_NODEⱘԡ⿏UYˈᄬܹব

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䞣DEF_C3DŽ⫼ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬㸼ੑҸĀETABLE,STRS,LS,9āҹ໇ԧᑩ䚼ⱘᢝᑨ࡯”LS,9”Ў‫ݙ‬ᆍˈ
ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬㸼STRSDŽ⫼Ā*GET,STRSS_C3,ELEM,1,ETAB,STRSāҢऩ‫ܗ‬㸼STRSᦤপऩ‫ܗ‬1
ⱘᑨ࡯ˈᄬܹব䞣STRSS_C3DŽ⫼ĀUtility -> Parameters -> Scalar Parametersāᠧᓔব䞣ᰒ
⼎にষˈⳟࠄབ೒6.13᠔⼎ⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰDŽ

೒6.13 ֱᄬ೼‫ݙ‬ᄬব䞣ЁⱘഛᏗ㥋䕑੠䲚Ё࡯԰⫼਼䖍೎ᬃ೚ᵓⱘবᔶ੠ᑩ䚼ᢝᑨ࡯

(9) Շ࿌೴ᆦέ२,ͬӉ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫܊ڴ‬೛ѻӾำߑd

4ˊANSYS⿟ᑣ

FINISH
/CLEAR, NOSTART ! ⏙䰸᭄᥂ˈϡࡴ䕑߱ྟ࣪᭛ӊ
! (1) 䆒㕂Ꮉ⿟খ᭄ǃߚᵤ㉏ൟǃऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟǃᅲᐌ᭄੠ᴤ᭭খ᭄
/FileName, EX6.1
/PREP7 ! ࡴ䕑ࠡ໘⧚῵ഫ
/TITLE, EX6.1, BENDING OF A CIRCULAR PLATE USING AXISYMMETRIC SHELL ELEMENTS
C*** CASE 1 - STR. OF MATLS.,TIMOSHENKO,PART 2,3RD ED., PAGE 96, ART. 19
C*** CASE 2 - STR. OF MATLS.,TIMOSHENKO,PART 2,3RD ED., PAGE 103, ART. 21
C*** CASE 3 - STR. OF MATLS., TIMOSHENKO,PART 2,3RD ED., PAGE 97, ART. 19
ANTYPE,STATIC ! ᅮНߚᵤ㉏ൟЎ䴭࡯ߚᵤ
ET,1,SHELL51 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬Ў䕈ᇍ⿄໇ԧऩ‫ܗ‬SHELL51
R,1,25.4 ! ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬८ᑺЎ25.4mm
MP,EX,1,207E3 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣ЎEX=207 GPa
MP,NUXY,1,0.3 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨NUXY=0.3
! (2) ᅮН݇䬂⚍ǃ㒓੠䴶,ᑊߦߚЎ䴶ऩ‫ܗ‬
K,1 ! ೼തᷛॳ⚍ᅮН㄀1Ͼ݇䬂⚍
K,2,1016 ! ೼തᷛ(1016mm,0)ᅮН㄀2Ͼ݇䬂⚍
K,3,508 ! ೼തᷛ(508mm,0)ᅮН㄀3Ͼ݇䬂⚍
L,1,3 ! 䖛݇䬂⚍1,3ᅮНⳈ㒓
L,3,2 ! 䖛݇䬂⚍3,2ᅮНⳈ㒓
LESIZE,1,,,5,20 ! ᇚ1ো㒓ߦߚЎ5↉,䯈䱨↨՟ᣝ20䗦๲
LESIZE,2,,,5,.05 ! ᇚ2ো㒓ߦߚЎ5↉,䯈䱨↨՟ᣝ0.05䗦‫ޣ‬
LMESH,ALL ! ᇚ᠔᳝㒓ߦߚЎ㒓ऩ‫ܗ‬

246
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

/PNUM,ELEM,1 ! ᠧᓔऩ‫ܗ‬㓪োᰒ⼎ᓔ݇
EPLOT ! ೒ᔶᰒ⼎ऩ‫ܗ‬Ꮧ㕂
FINISH ! 䗔ߎࠡ໘⧚῵ഫPREP7
! (3)ᣝ㄀1⾡ᚙ‫މ‬䅵ㅫ:ഛᏗ㥋䕑ǃ೎ᅮッ
C*** CASE 1 - UNIFORM LOADING - CLAMPED EDGE
/SOLU ! ࡴ䕑∖㾷῵ഫ
OUTPR,,1 ! 䕧ߎ㄀1㥋䕑ℹⱘ෎ᴀ㒧ᵰ
DK,1,UX,,,,ROTZ ! 㑺ᴳ㄀1Ͼ݇䬂⚍ⱘXᮍ৥㞾⬅ᑺ੠Zᮍ৥䕀ࡼ㞾⬅ᑺ
DK,2,ALL ! 㑺ᴳ㄀2Ͼ݇䬂⚍ⱘ᠔᳝㞾⬅ᑺ
SFE,ALL,1,PRES,,0.041370 ! ೼᠔᳝㒓㸼䴶ᮑࡴ0.041370 MPaⱘय़࡯㥋䕑
SOLVE ! ᓔྟ∖㾷
! (4)ᣝ㄀2⾡ᚙ‫މ‬䅵ㅫ:Ёᖗ䲚Ё㥋䕑ǃㅔᬃ䖍
C*** CASE 2 - CONCENTRATED CENTER LOADING - CLAMPED EDGE
FK,1,FY,33539 ! ೼㄀1Ͼ݇䬂⚍Ϟᮑࡴ⊓ⴔ-Yᮍ৥ⱘ䲚Ё࡯33539 N
SFE,ALL,1,PRES,,0 ! ߴ䰸㸼䴶य़࡯㥋䕑
SOLVE ! ᓔྟ∖㾷
! (5) ᣝ㄀3⾡ᚙ‫މ‬䅵ㅫ:ഛᏗ㥋䕑ǃㅔᬃ䖍
C*** CASE 3 - UNIFORM LOADING - SIMPLY SUPPORTED EDGE
DKDELE,2,ROTZ ! ߴ䰸།㋻䖍⬠ᴵӊ㑺ᴳROTZ=0
FK,1,FY ! ᅮН㄀1Ͼ݇䬂⚍Ϟⱘ࡯Ў0ˈ䖭ḋህߴএњࠡ䴶೼䖭Ͼ݇䬂⚍ϞⱘᅮН
SFE,ALL,1,PRES,,0.010343 ! ೼᠔᳝㒓㸼䴶ᮑࡴ0.010343 MPaⱘय़࡯㥋䕑
SOLVE ! ᓔྟ∖㾷
FINISH ! 䗔ߎ∖㾷῵ഫSOLU
! (6)೼ৢ໘⧚῵ഫЁᰒ⼎বᔶᚙ‫މ‬
/POST1 ! 䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
/DSCALE,1,35 ! ᅮНԡ⿏ᬒ໻㋏᭄35
/WINDOW,1,-1,1,-1,-.333 ! ᅮН1োにষ
SET,1,1 ! 䇏ܹ㄀1Ͼ㥋䕑ℹⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
PLDISP,1 ! ᏺॳᴹ῵ൟ೒,ᰒ⼎বᔶৢⱘ῵ൟ
MID_NODE = NODE (0,0,0) ! 䗝ᢽ䎱⾏(0,0,0)᳔䖥ⱘ㡖⚍,ᄬܹব䞣MID_NODE
*GET,DEF_C1,NODE,MID_NODE,U,Y ! ᦤপ㡖⚍MID_NODEⱘԡ⿏UY,ᄬܹব䞣DEF_C1
ETABLE,STRS,LS,9 ! ҹ໇ԧᑩ䚼ⱘᢝᑨ࡯”LS,9”Ў‫ݙ‬ᆍ,ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬㸼STRS
*GET,STRSS_C1,ELEM,10,ETAB,STRS ! Ңऩ‫ܗ‬㸼STRSᦤপऩ‫ܗ‬10ⱘᑨ࡯,ᄬܹব䞣
STRSS_C1
! (7)䇏ܹ㄀2㥋䕑ℹⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ,ᰒ⼎বᔶ೒
/WINDOW,1,OFF ! ݇䯁1োにষⱘᰒ⼎
/WINDOW,2,-1,1,-.333,.333,1 ! ᅮН2োにষ
/NOERASE ! ϡ᪺䰸Ꮖ᳝にষⱘ‫ݙ‬ᆍ
SET,2,1 ! 䇏ܹ㄀2㥋䕑ℹⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
PLDISP ! ᰒ⼎㄀2㥋䕑ℹⱘবᔶ೒
*GET,DEF_C2,NODE,MID_NODE,U,Y ! ᦤপ㡖⚍MID_NODEⱘԡ⿏UY,ᄬܹব䞣DEF_C2
ETABLE,STRS,LS,9 ! ҹ໇ԧᑩ䚼ⱘᢝᑨ࡯”LS,9”Ў‫ݙ‬ᆍ,ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬㸼STRS
*GET,STRSS_C2,ELEM,10,ETAB,STRS ! Ңऩ‫ܗ‬㸼STRSᦤপऩ‫ܗ‬10ⱘᑨ࡯,ᄬܹব䞣
STRSS_C2

247
 ㄀ゴᵓⱘᔃ᳆੠໇ԧ䅵ㅫ

! (8) 䇏ܹ㄀3㥋䕑ℹⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ,ᰒ⼎বᔶ೒
/WINDOW,2,OFF ! ݇䯁2োにষ
/WINDOW,3,-1,1,.333,1,1 ! ᅮН3োにষ
SET,3,1 ! 䇏ܹ㄀3㥋䕑ℹⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
PLDISP ! ᰒ⼎㄀3㥋䕑ℹⱘবᔶ೒
*GET,DEF_C3,NODE,MID_NODE,U,Y ! ᦤপ㡖⚍MID_NODEⱘԡ⿏UY,ᄬܹব䞣DEF_C3
ETABLE,STRS,LS,9 ! ҹ໇ԧᑩ䚼ⱘᢝᑨ࡯”LS,9”Ў‫ݙ‬ᆍ,ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬㸼STRS
*GET,STRSS_C3,ELEM,1,ETAB,STRS ! Ңऩ‫ܗ‬㸼STRSᦤপऩ‫ܗ‬1ⱘᑨ࡯,ᄬܹব䞣
STRSS_C3
! (9) ᅮН᭄㒘ব䞣,ֱᄬ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰৢ䕧ߎࠄ᭛ӊ
*DIM,LABEL,CHAR,2,2 ! ᅮН2*2ᄫヺൟ᭄㒘LABEL
*DIM,VALUE_C1,,2,3 ! ᅮН2*3᭄ؐൟ᭄㒘VALUE_C1
*DIM,VALUE_C2,,2,3 ! ᅮН2*3ᄫヺൟ᭄㒘LABEL_C2
*DIM,VALUE_C3,,2,3 ! ᅮН2*3᭄ؐൟ᭄㒘VALUE_C3
LABEL(1,1) = 'DEFLECTI','MAX STRS' ! 㒭᭄㒘LABELⱘ㄀1߫䌟ؐ
LABEL(1,2) = 'ON (mm) ','S (MPa) ' ! 㒭᭄㒘LABELⱘ㄀2߫䌟ؐ
*VFILL,VALUE_C1(1,1),DATA,-2.217,49.644 ! 㒭᭄㒘VALUE_C1ⱘ㄀1߫䌟⧚䆎ؐ
*VFILL,VALUE_C1(1,2),DATA,DEF_C1,ABS(STRSS_C1) ! 㒭᭄㒘VALUE_C1ⱘ㄀2߫䌟䅵ㅫؐ
*VFILL,VALUE_C1(1,3),DATA,ABS(DEF_C1/2.217),ABS(STRSS_C1/49.644) ! 㒭᭄㒘
VALUE_C1ⱘ㄀3߫䌟↨ؐ
*VFILL,VALUE_C2(1,1),DATA,-2.217,24.82 ! 㒭᭄㒘VALUE_C2ⱘ㄀1߫䌟⧚䆎ؐ
*VFILL,VALUE_C2(1,2),DATA,DEF_C2,ABS(STRSS_C2) ! 㒭᭄㒘VALUE_C2ⱘ㄀2߫䌟䅵ㅫؐ
*VFILL,VALUE_C2(1,3),DATA,ABS(DEF_C2/2.217),ABS(STRSS_C2/24.82) ! 㒭᭄㒘
VALUE_C2ⱘ㄀3߫䌟↨ؐ
*VFILL,VALUE_C3(1,1),DATA,-2.26,20.48 ! 㒭᭄㒘VALUE_C3ⱘ㄀1߫䌟⧚䆎ؐ
*VFILL,VALUE_C3(1,2),DATA,DEF_C3,ABS(STRSS_C3) ! 㒭᭄㒘VALUE_C3ⱘ㄀2߫䌟䅵ㅫؐ
*VFILL,VALUE_C3(1,3),DATA,ABS(DEF_C3/2.26),ABS(STRSS_C3/20.48) ! 㒭᭄㒘
VALUE_C3ⱘ㄀3߫䌟↨ؐ
/COM
/OUT, EX6_1, out ! ᇚ䕧ߎ‫ݙ‬ᆍ䞡ᅮ৥ࠄ᭛ӊEX6_1.out
/COM,------------------- EX6.1 RESULTS COMPARISON ---------------------
/COM,
/COM, | TARGET | ANSYS | RATIO
/COM,
/COM,RESULTS FOR CASE 1:
/COM,
*VWRITE,LABEL(1,1),LABEL(1,2),VALUE_C1(1,1),VALUE_C1(1,2),VALUE_C1(1,3)
(1X,A8,A8,' ',F10.3,' ',F10.3,' ',1F5.3)
/COM,
/COM,RESULTS FOR CASE 2:
/COM,
*VWRITE,LABEL(1,1),LABEL(1,2),VALUE_C2(1,1),VALUE_C2(1,2),VALUE_C2(1,3)
(1X,A8,A8,' ',F10.3,' ',F10.3,' ',1F5.3)
/COM,

248
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

/COM,RESULTS FOR CASE 3:

/COM,
*VWRITE,LABEL(1,1),LABEL(1,2),VALUE_C3(1,1),VALUE_C3(1,2),VALUE_C3(1,3)
(1X,A8,A8,' ',F10.3,' ',F10.3,' ',1F5.3)
/COM,-----------------------------------------------------------------
/OUT ! 㒧ᴳ᭄᥂䞡ᅮ৥ˈ݇䯁䕧ߎ᭛ӊ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
*LIST, EX6_1, out ! ߫㸼ᰒ⼎᭛ӊEX6_1.outⱘ‫ݙ‬ᆍ

㸼6.1 ㅔᬃ੠೎ᬃ೚ᵓⱘ೼ϡৠ㥋䕑԰⫼ϟⱘ᳔໻ᣴᑺ੠᳔໻ᔃ᳆ᑨ࡯
ഛᏗ㥋䕑೎ᬃ೚ᵓ ⧚ 䆎 ؐ ANSYSؐ ↨ ؐ
᳔໻ᣴᑺ(mm) 2.217 2.218 1.000
᳔໻ᑨ࡯(MPa) 49.644 48.543 0.978
Ёᖗ䲚Ё࡯೎ᬃ೚ᵓ ⧚ 䆎 ؐ Ansysؐ ↨ ؐ
᳔໻ᣴᑺ(mm) 2.217 2.217 1.000
᳔໻ᑨ࡯(MPa) 24.820 24.603 0.991
ഛᏗ㥋䕑ㅔᬃ೚ᵓ ⧚ 䆎 ؐ Ansysؐ ↨ ؐ
᳔໻ᣴᑺ(mm) 2.260 2.260 1.000
᳔໻ᑨ࡯(MPa) 20.480 20.465 0.999

⧚䆎Ϟⱘ᳔໻ᑨ࡯s maxߎ⦄೼ᶤϔ⚍ϞˈANSYS㒭ߎⱘ᳔໻ऩ‫ܗ‬ᑨ࡯াᰃ᠔᳝ऩ‫ܗ‬Ё
ᖗԡ㕂ⱘ᳔໻ᑨ࡯ؐDŽ䲚Ё࡯԰⫼䯂乬ⱘ㾷ⱘ᳔໻ᑨ࡯প೼೎ᅮ䖍⬠Ϟˈ಴Ў࡯ⱘ԰⫼⚍
ԡ㕂ⱘᑨ࡯᮴か໻DŽ

6.2  㞖䭓ᵓⱘ໻ᣴᑺᔃ᳆

䭓ᑺl=1mmˈᆑᑺb=1mmˈ८ᑺt=1mmⱘ 㞖䭓ᵓˈ೼㞾⬅ッⱘ䲚Ё࡯‫ي‬԰⫼ϟѻ⫳
2
ᔃ᳆বᔶ˄བ೒6.14᠔⼎˅DŽ࡯‫ⶽي‬໻ᇣЎM=15.708Ngmmˈᔍᗻ῵䞣E=1800N/mm ˈ⊞
ᵒ↨ μ = 0.0 ˈ䆩߽⫼4㡖⚍ลᗻಯ䖍ᔶ໇ऩ‫ܗ‬SHELL43੠᳝䰤বᔶ໇ऩ‫ܗ‬SHELL181ˈ⹂ᅮ
থ⫳໻বᔶৢⱘ㞾⬅ッⱘᣴᑺ੠䕀㾦ˈҹঞᵓϞ㸼䴶ⱘᢝᑨ࡯DŽ

Y Y
Z
4
3
M b
t =1mm =1mm

X
l =12mm 1 X
2

೒6.14  㞖䭓ᵓⱘ໻ᣴᑺᔃ᳆῵ൟ ೒6.15  㞖䭓ᵓⱘᔃ᳆᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟ⼎ᛣ೒

1ˊ⧚䆎ߚᵤ

೼㞾⬅ッഛࣔߚᏗⱘ࡯‫ي‬԰⫼ϟˈ 㞖ᵓথ⫳㒃ᔃ᳆বᔶˈবᔶৢⱘЁ䴶ᔶ៤ϔϾ᷅

249
 ㄀ゴᵓⱘᔃ᳆੠໇ԧ䅵ㅫ

⢊᳆䴶ˈ᠔ҹˈᅗⱘ໻বᔶߚᵤৃҹձ᥂ㅔऩⱘ޴ԩⶹ䆚㦋ᕫ㾷ㄨDŽ
Ң᭛⤂[26]:720ৃⶹˈḍ᥂᳆⥛੠ᔃⶽⱘ݇㋏ˈ᳝˖
D / ρ = −M 0 (6.11)
݊Ёˈ D = Et 3 /12/˄1-μ 2 ) ᰃᵓⱘᔃ᳆߮ᑺˈ ρ ᰃᵓবᔶৢЁ䴶ⱘ᳆⥛ञᕘˈM ᰃऩԡ
ᵓᆑⱘߚᏗᔃⶽDŽ
⬅乬Ё᭄᥂ˈᕫ˖
Et 3 1800 × 13
D= = = 150Ngmm (6.12)
12(1 − μ 2 ) 12 × (1 − 0 2 )
M 0 = M / b = 15.708/1 = 15.708Ngmm/mm (6.13)
⬅ℸ⹂ᅮߎবᔶৢЁ䴶ⱘ᳆⥛ञᕘؐЎ˖
D 150
ρ= = = 9.5493 mm (6.14)
M 0 15.708
೼࡯‫ي‬԰⫼ϟˈ㞾⬅ッⱘ䕀㾦ؐЎ˖
l 12
θmax = θ y (l ) = = = 1.2566 rad (6.15)
ρ 9.5493
㞾⬅ッⱘ∈ᑇԡ⿏੠オ৥ԡ⿏Ў˖
umax = ρ sin θmax − l = 9.5493 × sin1.2566 − 12 = −2.92 mm (6.16)
wmax = ρ cosθmax − ρ = 9.5493 × (cos1.2566 − 1) = −6.60 mm (6.17)
Ϟ㸼䴶ⱘ᳔໻ᢝᑨ࡯ؐЎ˖
Eε x d2 d 2w Et 1
σ max | z =t / 2 = = =
1− μ 2(1 − μ ) dx 2(1 − μ ) ρ
2 2 2 2
(6.18)
1800 × 1 1
= = 94.25MPa
2 × (1 − 0 2 ) 9.4593

2ˊANSYSߚᵤ

໻বᔶ䗝乍ৃҹ䗮䖛ĀNLGEOM,ONāᴹ䆒㕂ˈᑊՓ⫼໇ԧऩ‫ܗ‬ᴹ῵ᢳখ㗗᭛⤂Ёⱘ
㒧ᵰ੠ᴵӊDŽ⬅Ѣ䖭Ͼ䯂乬ⱘ޴ԩ⡍ᕕ᳈᥹䖥Ѣϔḍṕˈ᠔ҹ໇ԧऩ‫ܗ‬ᑊϡᰃ᳔དⱘऩ‫ܗ‬
䗝ᢽDŽ㞾⬅䖍Ϟⱘ㡖⚍䗮䖛㗺ড়㞾⬅ᑺ䖲᥹೼њϔ䍋ˈҹᮍ֓ᮑࡴ㞾⬅ッⱘ㥋䕑DŽ
(1) ಁᄢٝёϵ೴c‫ד‬๥फ໸cӦ၍फ໸cಬШ೴ۤϫॸϵ೴d
⫼Ā/NOPRā݇䯁ᦤ⼎ֵᙃDŽ⬅Ѣ㔥ḐᅮНϡ䳔㽕ᱎ㛑㔥Ḑˈ᠔ҹ⫼ĀSMRT,OFFā
݇䯁ᱎ㛑࣪㔥Ḑࡳ㛑DŽ⫼ߚᵤ㉏ൟᅮНੑҸĀANTYPE,STATICāᅮНߚᵤ㉏ൟЎ䴭࡯ߚ
ᵤˈᑊ⫼ĀNLGEOM,ONāᠧᓔ໻বᔶ䗝乍DŽ
⫼ऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟᅮНੑҸĀET,1,SHELL43āᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬Ў4㡖⚍ลᗻ໻ᑨব໇ԧऩ‫ܗ‬
SHELL43 ˈ ᑊ ⫼ ᅲ ᐌ ᭄ ᅮ Н ੑ Ҹ Ā R,1,1ā ᅮ Н ᵓ ८ 1mm DŽ ⫼ ᴤ ᭭ খ ᭄ ᅮ Н ੑ Ҹ
2
ĀMP,EX,1,1800āᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EX=1800 N/mm ˈ⫼ĀMP,NUXY,,0āᅮН㄀1
㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨NUXY=0DŽ
(2) Շ࿌‫ߏڑ‬Ԥcຬۤੋēω‫דܣ‬นੋӦ၍d
ᣝ✻೒6.15ˈ⫼݇䬂⚍ᅮНੑҸĀK,1ā೼തᷛॳ⚍ᅮН㄀1Ͼ݇䬂⚍ˈ⫼ĀK,2,12ā೼

250
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

തᷛ(12mm,0)ᅮН㄀2Ͼ݇䬂⚍ˈ⫼ĀK,3,12,1ā೼തᷛ(12mm,1mm)ᅮН㄀3Ͼ݇䬂⚍ˈ⫼
ĀK,4,,1ā೼തᷛ(0,1mm)ᅮН㄀4Ͼ݇䬂⚍DŽ
⫼㒓ᅮНੑҸĀL,1,2ā䖛݇䬂⚍1,2ᅮНⳈ㒓ˈ⫼ĀL,3,4ā䖛݇䬂⚍3,4ᅮНⳈ㒓DŽ⫼
㒓ऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬ሎᇌᅮНੑҸĀLESIZE,ALL,,,2āᅮН᠔᳝㒓ߦߚऩ‫ܗ‬ᯊߦߚЎ2↉DŽ⫼ϔ㠀ऩ
‫ܗ‬ሎᇌᅮНੑҸĀESIZE,,1ā≵᳝ᣛᅮߦߚ↉᭄ⱘ㒓ߦߚᯊߦߚЎ1↉DŽ
⫼䴶ᅮНੑҸĀA,1,2,3,4ā䖛݇䬂⚍1,2,3,4ᅮН䴶DŽ⫼䴶ऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬ੑҸĀAMESH,1ā
ᇍ1ো䴶⫳៤䴶ऩ‫ܗ‬㔥ḐDŽ
(3) ಠަสྭၟ೯ۤ۠ၻॏd
⫼䗝ᢽ㡖⚍ੑҸ ĀNSEL,S,LOC,Xā 䗝ᢽX=0 ԡ 㕂 ⱘ 㡖 ⚍ˈ ⫼ᮑࡴԡ⿏㑺ᴳੑҸ
ĀD,ALL,ALLā೎ᅮ᠔᳝㡖⚍ⱘ᠔᳝㞾⬅ᑺ˄೒6.15˅DŽ
⫼ Ā NSEL,S,LOC,X,12 ā 䗝 ᢽ X=12mm ԡ 㕂 ⱘ 㡖 ⚍ ˈ ⫼ 㗺 ড় 㞾 ⬅ ᑺ ᅮ Н ੑ Ҹ
ĀCP,1,ROTY,ALLāᅮН㞾⬅ッ㡖⚍ⱘ㒩Y䕈ⱘ䕀ࡼ㞾⬅ᑺЎ㗺ড়㞾⬅ᑺDŽ
⫼ĀTORQ=15.708āᅮНֱᄬ䲚Ё࡯‫ي‬㥋䕑15.708 Ngmmⱘব䞣TORQDŽ⫼ᮑࡴ㡖⚍
㥋䕑ੑҸĀF,2,MY,TORQā೼2ো㡖⚍ⱘ㒩Y䕈ᮍ৥ᮑࡴ࡯‫ي‬15.708 NgmmDŽ⫼ĀNSEL,ALLā
䗝ᢽ᠔᳝㒧⚍DŽ㒣䖛ᓎ῵ੑҸ੠ᮑࡴ㑺ᴳˈ㥋䕑ৢⱘ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟབ೒6.16᠔⼎DŽ೒ЁᎺջ
ϸϾ㡖⚍Ϟⱘㆁ༈੠ᇣϝ㾦㸼⼎ᅠܼ೎ᅮⱘ㡖⚍ˈেջ㞾⬅䖍ϞⱘϸϾ㡖⚍໘ⱘ࠾༈㸼⼎
԰⫼೼ϸϾ㡖⚍Ϟⱘ䲚Ё࡯‫ي‬DŽ

೒6.16 ᮑࡴԡ⿏㑺ᴳ੠㥋䕑ৢⱘ 㞖䭓ᵓⱘᔃ᳆᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟ

(4) ࠩదௐࠓ੦ࣖēಁᄢௐࠓ༪ົ‫܊‬ēࢗಳௐࠓd
⫼Ā/SOLUā䖯ܹ∖㾷῵ഫৢ ˈ⫼Ā AUTOTS,ONā䆒 㕂 Փ ⫼ 㞾 ࡼ 㥋 䕑 ℹ 䭓ˈ⫼
ĀNSUBST,20ā䆒㕂೼↣ϔϾ㥋䕑ℹ᳔໮Փ⫼10Ͼ㥋䕑ᄤℹˈ⫼ĀLNSRCH,ONā䆒㕂Փ⫼
Ⳉ㒓᧰㋶ᮍ⊩䗁ҷ∖㾷DŽ
⫼䕧ߎ䆒㕂ੑҸĀOUTPR,BASIC,LASTā䕧ߎ᳔ৢϔϾ㥋䕑ᄤℹⱘ෎ᴀ᭄᥂㒧ᵰˈ⫼
䕧ߎ㒧ᵰ䆒㕂ੑҸĀOUTRES,ALL,ALLā೼∖㾷䕧ߎ᭛ӊЁֱᄬ↣ϔϾ㥋䕑ᄤℹⱘ㒧ᵰDŽ

251
 ㄀ゴᵓⱘᔃ᳆੠໇ԧ䅵ㅫ

⫼ĀSOLVEāᓔྟ䴲㒓ᗻ䗁ҷ∖㾷DŽ∖㾷䖛⿟Ёˈ೒ᔶにষࡼᗕᰒ⼎࡯ⱘᬊᬯᚙ‫މ‬੠࡯‫ي‬
ⱘᬊᬯᚙ‫މ‬DŽ೼໻㑺㒣䖛54⃵ᕾ⦃䗁ҷৢˈ㛑䞣㣗᭄᥹䖥ᬊᬯ㽕∖0.001ᯊˈ䅵ㅫ㒧ᴳDŽ

೒6.17 䴲㒓ᗻ䗁ҷ∖㾷䖛⿟ᬊᬯᚙ‫މ‬ᰒ⼎

(5) ၽ‫҉܊‬स੦ࣖēມವ࿫ॏۤสྭ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ڴ‬d
⫼Ā/POST1ā䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫৢˈ⫼㒧ᵰതᷛ㋏䗝ᢽੑҸĀRSYS,SOLUā䗝ᢽ߮
⫳៤ⱘതᷛ㋏DŽ⫼䇏ܹ㥋䕑ℹ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰੑҸĀSET,1ā䇏ܹ㥋䕑ℹ1ⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰDŽ
⫼ Ā SHELL,TOP ā 䗝 ᢽ ᑨ ࡯ 䕧 ߎ Ў ໇ ԧ Ϟ 㸼 䴶 ˈ ⫼ ߫ 㸼 ᰒ ⼎ 㒧 ⚍ 㒧 ᵰ ੑ Ҹ
ĀPRNSOL,S,COMPā߫㸼ᰒ⼎㡖⚍৘乍ᑨ࡯ߚ䞣ⱘ㒧ᵰ ˄བ೒6.18᠔⼎˅ ˈ⫼
ĀPRNSOL,DOFā
߫㸼ᰒ⼎㡖⚍ԡ⿏ߚ䞣㒧ᵰ˄བ೒6.19᠔⼎˅DŽ

೒6.18  㞖䭓ᵓⱘ໻ᣴᑺᔃ᳆ⱘ㡖⚍ᑨ࡯ߚ䞣᳝䰤‫ܗ‬䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ

252
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

೒6.19  㞖䭓ᵓⱘ໻ᣴᑺᔃ᳆ⱘ㡖⚍ԡ⿏᳝䰤‫ܗ‬䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ

(6) ඔ௜ࠒ‫܊ڴ‬Ӊదέ२d
⫼ᦤপ㒧ᵰੑҸĀ*GET,UX_N4,NODE,4,U,Xāᦤপ4ো㡖⚍Xᮍ৥ⱘԡ⿏UXˈᄬܹব
䞣UX_N4DŽ⫼Ā*GET,UZ_N4,NODE,4,U,Zāᦤপ4ো㡖⚍Zᮍ৥ⱘԡ⿏UZˈᄬܹব䞣UZ_N4DŽ
⫼Ā*GET,ROTY_N4,NODE,4,ROT,Yāᦤপ4ো㡖⚍㒩 Y䕈ⱘ䕀㾦ԡ⿏ROTYˈᄬܹব䞣
ROTY_N4DŽ⫼Ā*GET,STRSS_N1,NODE,1,S,Xāᦤপ1ো㡖⚍⊓ⴔX䕈ᮍ৥ⱘᑨ࡯SXˈᄬ
ܹব䞣STRSS_N1DŽ⫼ĀUtility -> Parameters -> Scalar Parametersāᠧᓔব䞣ᰒ⼎にষˈⳟ
ࠄབ೒6.20᠔⼎ⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰDŽ

೒6.20 ֱᄬ೼‫ݙ‬ᄬব䞣Ёⱘ 㞖䭓ᵓⱘ໻ᣴᑺᔃ᳆ⱘ㡖⚍ԡ⿏᳝䰤‫ܗ‬䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ

(7) Շ࿌೴ᆦέ२,ͬӉ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫܊ڴ‬೛ѻӾำߑd
(8) ‫؟‬ဈပຫ࿫έЊ‫ࢴۦ‬Ӧ၍SHELL181ᄷ໭‫ޙ‬സd
⫼ ऩ ‫ ㉏ ܗ‬ൟ ᅮ Н ੑ ҸĀ ET,1,SHELL181 āᅮ Н ㄀1 ㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬Ў᳝䰤ᑨবሖড়໇ऩ‫ܗ‬
SHELL181DŽ⫼ᅲᐌ᭄ᅮНੑҸĀR,1,1āᅮН໇ԧऩ‫ܗ‬८ᑺЎ1mmDŽ⫼ĀRMORE,,,,,10.0ā
ᅮН㭘㝰ऩ‫≭ܗ‬ⓣখ᭄10.0

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 ㄀ゴᵓⱘᔃ᳆੠໇ԧ䅵ㅫ

2
⫼ᴤ᭭খ᭄ᅮНੑҸĀMP,EX,1,1800āᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EX=1800 N/mm ˈ⫼
ĀMP,NUXY,,0āᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨NUXY=0DŽ
(9) Շ࿌‫ߏڑ‬Ԥcຬۤੋ,ωߜੋ‫דܣ‬นੋӦ၍d
⫼݇䬂⚍ᅮНੑҸĀK,1ā೼തᷛॳ⚍ᅮН㄀1Ͼ݇䬂⚍ˈ⫼ĀK,2,12ā೼തᷛ(12mm,0)
ᅮН㄀2Ͼ݇䬂⚍ˈ⫼ĀK,3,12,1ā೼തᷛ(12mm,1mm)ᅮН㄀3Ͼ݇䬂⚍ˈ⫼ĀK,4,,1ā೼ത
ᷛ(0,1mm)ᅮН㄀4Ͼ݇䬂⚍DŽ
⫼㒓ᅮНੑҸĀL,1,2ā䖛݇䬂⚍1,2ᅮНⳈ㒓ˈ⫼ĀL,3,4ā䖛݇䬂⚍3,4ᅮНⳈ㒓DŽ⫼
㒓ऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬ሎᇌᅮНੑҸĀLESIZE,ALL,,,2āᅮН᠔᳝㒓ߦߚऩ‫ܗ‬ᯊߦߚЎ2↉DŽ⫼ϔ㠀ऩ
‫ܗ‬ሎᇌᅮНੑҸĀESIZE,,1ā≵᳝ᣛᅮߦߚ↉᭄ⱘ㒓ߦߚᯊߦߚЎ1↉DŽ
⫼䴶ᅮНੑҸĀA,1,2,3,4ā䖛݇䬂⚍1,2,3,4ᅮН䴶DŽ⫼䴶ऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬ੑҸĀAMESH,1ā
ᇍ1ো䴶⫳៤䴶ऩ‫ܗ‬㔥ḐDŽ
(10) ಠަสྭၟ೯ۤ۠ၻॏd
⫼䗝ᢽ㡖⚍ੑҸ ĀNSEL,S,LOC,Xā 䗝ᢽX=0 ԡ 㕂 ⱘ 㡖 ⚍ˈ ⫼ᮑࡴԡ⿏㑺ᴳੑҸ
ĀD,ALL,ALLā೎ᅮ᠔᳝㡖⚍ⱘ᠔᳝㞾⬅ᑺDŽ
⫼㡖⚍䗝ᢽੑҸĀNSEL,S,LOC,X,12ā䗝ᢽX=12mmԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍ˈ⬅㗺ড়㞾⬅ᑺᅮН
ੑҸĀCP,1,ROTY,ALLāᅮН㞾⬅ッ㡖⚍ⱘ㒩Y䕈ⱘ䕀ࡼ㞾⬅ᑺЎ㗺ড়㞾⬅ᑺDŽ
⫼ĀTORQ=7.854āᅮНব䞣TORQㄝѢϔञ㥋䕑7.854 NgmmDŽ⫼㡖⚍㥋䕑ᅮНੑҸ
ĀF,2,MY,TORQā೼2ো㡖⚍ⱘ㒩Y䕈ᮍ৥ᮑࡴ࡯‫ي‬7.854 NgmmDŽ⫼ĀNSEL,ALLā䗝ᢽ᠔
᳝㒧⚍DŽ⫼䖭ѯੑҸᓎゟⱘ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟབ೒6.21᠔⼎ˈ䆹೒ᰃҢϞ㾚೒㾦ᑺ㾖ᆳࠄⱘᚙ‫ˈމ‬
েջ㞾⬅ッⱘᇣϝ㾦㸼⼎㗺ড়㞾⬅ᑺDŽ

೒6.21 ᮑࡴԡ⿏㑺ᴳ੠㥋䕑ৢⱘ 㞖䭓ᵓⱘᔃ᳆᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟ˄⫼໇ԧSHELL181ऩ‫˅ܗ‬

(11) ࠩదௐࠓ੦ࣖēಁᄢௐࠓ༪ົ‫܊‬ēࢗಳௐࠓd
⫼Ā/SOLUā䖯ܹ∖㾷῵ഫৢˈĀAUTOTS,ONāՓ⫼㞾ࡼ㥋䕑ℹ䭓ˈ⫼ĀNSUBST,10ā
೼↣ϔϾ㥋䕑ℹ᳔໮Փ⫼10Ͼ㥋䕑ᄤℹˈ⫼ĀLNSRCH,ONāՓ⫼Ⳉ㒓᧰㋶ᮍ⊩DŽ
⫼䕧ߎ㒧ᵰ䗝乍ੑҸĀOUTPR,BASIC,LASTā䕧ߎ᳔ৢϔϾ㥋䕑ᄤℹⱘ෎ᴀ᭄᥂㒧ᵰˈ

254
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

⫼ĀOUTRES,ALL,ALLā೼∖㾷䕧ߎ᭛ӊЁֱᄬ↣ϔϾ㥋䕑ᄤℹⱘ㒧ᵰDŽ⫼ĀSOLVEāᓔ
ྟা᳝ϔञ࡯‫ⱘⶽي‬ᚙ‫މ‬ϟⱘ∖㾷DŽ೒6.22᠔⼎ᰃ䴲㒓ᗻ䗁ҷ∖㾷ⱘᬊᬯᚙ‫މ‬ᰒ⼎ˈ೒Ё
ᰒ⼎໻㑺㒣䖛њ29⃵ᕾ⦃䗁ҷ䅵ㅫˈ㛑䞣㣗᭄䇃Ꮒ䖒ࠄ䅵ㅫ咬䅸㊒ᑺ㽕∖0.001ˈ䅵ㅫ㒧ᴳDŽ

೒6.22 䴲㒓ᗻ䗁ҷ∖㾷䖛⿟ᬊᬯᚙ‫މ‬ᰒ⼎

(12) ၽௐࠓ੦ࣖᄷ୳Վ‫ד‬๥ē‫ޟ‬༣‫ޙ‬സ‫͖۠ྡྷ܊‬ၻᆴဈெࣣd
⫼Ā/SOLUāࡴ䕑∖㾷῵ഫৢˈ⫼ߚᵤ㉏ൟᅮНੑҸĀANTYPE,,RESTāᣛᅮߚᵤЎ
䞡ਃࡼߚᵤDŽ⫼㡖⚍㥋䕑ᅮНੑҸ ĀF,2,MY,TORQ*2ā㒭2ো㡖⚍ᮑࡴܼ䚼㥋䕑2*7.854
NgmmDŽ⫼ĀSOLVEāੑҸᓔྟܼ䚼㥋䕑ᚙ‫∖ⱘމ‬㾷DŽ೒6.23᠔⼎ᰃ䴲㒓ᗻ䗁ҷ∖㾷ⱘᬊ
ᬯᚙ‫މ‬ᰒ⼎ˈ೒Ёᰒ⼎ҢϞ⃵ⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᴳ⚍䅵ㅫࠄ໻㑺59⃵ԡ㕂ˈ㛑䞣㣗᭄䇃Ꮒ䖒ࠄ䅵ㅫ
咬䅸㊒ᑺ㽕∖0.001ˈ䅵ㅫ㒧ᴳDŽ

೒6.23 ߽⫼䞡ਃࡼࡳ㛑㒻㓁䴲㒓ᗻ䗁ҷ∖㾷䖛⿟ᬊᬯᚙ‫މ‬ᰒ⼎

(13) ၽ‫҉܊‬स੦ࣖēມವ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ڴ‬d
⫼Ā/POST1ā䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫৢˈ⫼㒧ᵰതᷛ㋏䗝ᢽੑҸĀRSYS,SOLUā䗝ᢽ߮
⫳៤ⱘതᷛ㋏DŽ⫼䇏ܹ㥋䕑ℹ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰੑҸĀSET,2ā䇏ܹ㥋䕑ℹ2ⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰDŽ

255
 ㄀ゴᵓⱘᔃ᳆੠໇ԧ䅵ㅫ

⫼ Ā SHELL,TOP ā 䗝 ᢽ ᑨ ࡯ 䕧 ߎ Ў ໇ ԧ Ϟ 㸼 䴶 ˈ ⫼ ߫ 㸼 ᰒ ⼎ 㒧 ⚍ 㒧 ᵰ ੑ Ҹ
ĀPRNSOL,S,COMPā߫㸼ᰒ⼎㡖⚍ᑨ࡯㒧ᵰˈ⫼ĀPRNSOL,DOFā߫㸼ᰒ⼎㡖⚍ԡ⿏㒧ᵰDŽ

೒6.24 ⫼໇ԧSHELL181ऩ‫ܗ‬䅵ㅫ 㞖䭓ᵓⱘᔃ᳆ⱘ㡖⚍ᑨ࡯䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ

೒6.25 ⫼໇ԧSHELL181ऩ‫ܗ‬䅵ㅫ 㞖䭓ᵓⱘᔃ᳆ⱘ㡖⚍ԡ⿏䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ

⫼㒧ᵰᦤপੑҸĀ*GET,UX_N4,NODE,4,U,Xāᦤপ4ো㡖⚍Xᮍ৥ⱘԡ⿏UXˈᄬܹব
䞣UX_N4DŽ⫼Ā*GET,UZ_N4,NODE,4,U,Zāᦤপ4ো㡖⚍Zᮍ৥ⱘԡ⿏UZˈᄬܹব䞣UZ_N4DŽ
⫼Ā*GET,ROTY_N4,NODE,4,ROT,Yāᦤপ4ো㡖⚍㒩 Y䕈ⱘ䕀㾦ԡ⿏ROTYˈᄬܹব䞣
ROTY_N4DŽ⫼Ā*GET,STRSS_N1,NODE,1,S,Xāᦤপ1ো㡖⚍⊓ⴔX䕈ᮍ৥ⱘᑨ࡯SXˈᄬ
ܹব䞣STRSS_N1DŽ⫼ĀUtility -> Parameters -> Scalar Parametersāᠧᓔব䞣ᰒ⼎にষˈⳟ
ࠄབ೒6.26᠔⼎ⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰDŽ

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 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

೒6.26 ⫼໇ԧSHELL181ऩ‫ܗ‬䅵ㅫ 㞖䭓ᵓⱘ໻ᣴᑺᔃ᳆ⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ

(14) Շ࿌೴ᆦέ२,ͬӉ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫܊ڴ‬೛ѻӾำߑd
(15) Ҷ೴࡬࣏ᄯ‫؏݋‬೴࡬‫܊‬ēͬӉӾำߑd

3ˊANSYS⿟ᑣ

FINISH
/CLEAR, NOSTART ! ⏙䰸᭄᥂ˈϡࡴ䕑߱ྟ࣪᭛ӊ
! (1)䆒㕂Ꮉ⿟খ᭄ǃߚᵤ㉏ൟǃऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟǃᅲᐌ᭄੠ᴤ᭭খ᭄
/FILNAM, EX6.2 ! ᅮНᎹ⿟᭛ӊৡ⿄
/PREP7 ! ࡴ䕑ࠡ໘⧚῵ഫ
/TITLE, EX6.2 LARGE DEFLECTION OF A CANTILEVERED PLATE
/COM REF: BATHE AND DVORKIN, "A FORMULATION OF GENERAL SHELL ELEMENTS."
/COM IJNME, VOL 22, NO. 3 (1986) PAGE 720
/NOPR ! ݇䯁ᦤ⼎ֵᙃ
SMRT,OFF ! ݇䯁ᱎ㛑࣪ࡳ㛑
ANTYPE,STATIC ! ᅮНߚᵤ㉏ൟЎ䴭࡯ߚᵤ
NLGEOM,ON ! ᠧᓔ໻বᔶ䗝乍
ET,1,SHELL43 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬Ў4㡖⚍ลᗻ໻ᑨব໇ԧऩ‫ܗ‬SHELL43
R,1,1 ! ᅮНᵓ८1mm
MP,EX,1,1800 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EX=1800 N/mm^2
MP,NUXY,,0 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨NUXY=0
! (2)ᅮН݇䬂⚍ǃ㒓੠䴶,ᑊߦߚЎ䴶ऩ‫ܗ‬
K,1 ! ೼തᷛॳ⚍ᅮН㄀1Ͼ݇䬂⚍
K,2,12 ! ೼തᷛ(12mm,0)ᅮН㄀2Ͼ݇䬂⚍
K,3,12,1 ! ೼തᷛ(12mm,1mm)ᅮН㄀3Ͼ݇䬂⚍
K,4,,1 ! ೼തᷛ(0,1mm)ᅮН㄀4Ͼ݇䬂⚍
L,1,2 ! 䖛݇䬂⚍1,2ᅮНⳈ㒓
L,3,4 ! 䖛݇䬂⚍3,4ᅮНⳈ㒓
LESIZE,ALL,,,2 ! ᅮН᠔᳝㒓ߦߚऩ‫ܗ‬ᯊߦߚЎ2↉
ESIZE,,1 ! ≵᳝ᣛᅮߦߚ↉᭄ⱘ㒓ߦߚᯊߦߚЎ1↉
A,1,2,3,4 ! 䖛݇䬂⚍1,2,3,4ᅮН䴶
/VIEW,1,0.61,-0.64,0.47 ! 䆒㕂㾖ᆳ῵ൟⱘ㾚⚍

257
 ㄀ゴᵓⱘᔃ᳆੠໇ԧ䅵ㅫ

/VUP,1,Z ! 䆒㕂Z䕈৥Ϟ
AMESH,1 ! ᇍ1ো䴶⫳៤䴶ऩ‫ܗ‬㔥Ḑ
! (3)ᮑࡴԡ⿏㑺ᴳ੠㥋䕑࡯
NSEL,S,LOC,X ! 䗝ᢽX=0ԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍
D,ALL,ALL ! ೎ᅮ᠔᳝㡖⚍ⱘ᠔᳝㞾⬅ᑺ
NSEL,S,LOC,X,12 ! 䗝ᢽX=12mmԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍
CP,1,ROTY,ALL ! ᅮН㞾⬅ッ㡖⚍ⱘ㒩Y䕈ⱘ䕀ࡼ㞾⬅ᑺЎ㗺ড়㞾⬅ᑺ
TORQ=15.708 ! ᅮН䲚Ё࡯‫ي‬㥋䕑15.708 N·mm
F,2,MY,TORQ ! ೼2ো㡖⚍ⱘ㒩Y䕈ᮍ৥ᮑࡴ࡯‫ي‬15.708 N·mm
NSEL,ALL ! 䗝ᢽ᠔᳝㒧⚍
FINISH ! 䗔ߎࠡ໘⧚῵ഫPREP7
! (4)䖯ܹ∖㾷䗝῵ഫ,䆒㕂∖㾷䗝乍ৢ,ᓔྟ∖㾷
/SOLU ! 䖯ܹ∖㾷῵ഫ
AUTOTS,ON ! Փ⫼㞾ࡼ㥋䕑ℹ䭓
NSUBST,20 ! ೼↣ϔϾ㥋䕑ℹ᳔໮Փ⫼10Ͼ㥋䕑ᄤℹ
LNSRCH,ON ! Փ⫼Ⳉ㒓᧰㋶ᮍ⊩
OUTPR,BASIC,LAST ! 䕧ߎ᳔ৢϔϾ㥋䕑ᄤℹⱘ෎ᴀ᭄᥂㒧ᵰ
OUTRES,ALL,ALL ! ೼∖㾷䕧ߎ᭛ӊЁֱᄬ↣ϔϾ㥋䕑ᄤℹⱘ㒧ᵰ
SOLVE ! ᓔྟ∖㾷
FINISH ! 䗔ߎ∖㾷῵ഫSOLU
! (5)೼ৢ໘⧚῵ഫ,ᰒ⼎ᑨ࡯੠ԡ⿏䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
/POST1 ! 䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
RSYS,SOLU ! 䗝ᢽ߮⫳៤ⱘതᷛ㋏
SET,1 ! 䇏ܹ㥋䕑ℹ1ⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
SHELL,TOP ! 䗝ᢽᑨ࡯䕧ߎЎ໇ԧϞ㸼䴶
PRNSOL,S,COMP ! ߫㸼ᰒ⼎㡖⚍ᑨ࡯㒧ᵰ
PRNSOL,DOF ! ߫㸼ᰒ⼎㡖⚍ԡ⿏㒧ᵰ
! (6)ᦤপ㒧ᵰৢᄬܹব䞣
*GET,UX_N4,NODE,4,U,X ! ᦤপ4ো㡖⚍Xᮍ৥ⱘԡ⿏UX,ᄬܹব䞣UX_N4
*GET,UZ_N4,NODE,4,U,Z ! ᦤপ4ো㡖⚍Zᮍ৥ⱘԡ⿏UZ,ᄬܹব䞣UZ_N4
*GET,ROTY_N4,NODE,4,ROT,Y ! ᦤপ4ো㡖⚍㒩Y䕈ⱘ䕀㾦ԡ⿏ROTY,ᄬܹব䞣ROTY_N4
*GET,STRSS_N1,NODE,1,S,X ! ᦤপ1ো㡖⚍⊓ⴔX䕈ᮍ৥ⱘᑨ࡯SX,ᄬܹব䞣STRSS_N1
! (7)ᅮН᭄㒘ব䞣,ֱᄬ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰৢ䕧ߎࠄ᭛ӊ
*DIM,LABEL,CHAR,4,2 ! ᅮН4*2ᄫヺൟ᭄㒘LABEL
*DIM,VALUE,,4,3 ! ᅮН4*3᭄ؐൟ᭄㒘VALUE
LABEL(1,1) = 'UX,NODE ','UZ,NODE ','ROTY,NOD','STS_X,N_' ! 㒭LABEL㄀1߫䌟ؐ
LABEL(1,2) = '4 (mm) ','4 (mm) ','E 4(rad)','1 N/mm^2' ! 㒭᭄㒘LABEL㄀2߫䌟ؐ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,1),DATA,-2.92,-6.60,1.26,94.25 ! 㒭᭄㒘VALUEⱘ㄀1߫䌟⧚䆎ؐ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,2),DATA,UX_N4,UZ_N4,ROTY_N4,STRSS_N1! 㒭᭄㒘VALUEⱘ㄀2߫䌟䅵ㅫؐ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,3),DATA,ABS(UX_N4/2.92),ABS(UZ_N4/6.60),ABS(ROTY_N4/1.26),ABS(
STRSS_N1/94.25) ! 㒭᭄㒘VALUEⱘ㄀3߫䌟↨ؐ
SAVE, TABLE_1 ! ֱᄬ᭄᥂ࠄ咬䅸᭄᥂ᑧTABLE_1
FINISH ! 䗔ߎৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
! (8)䞡⫼ᬍ⫼᳝䰤ᑨবሖড়໇ऩ‫ܗ‬SHELL181䅵ㅫ
/CLEAR,NOSTART ! ⏙䰸᠔᭄᳝᥂,ϡࡴ䕑߱ྟ࣪᭛ӊ

258
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

/FILNAM, EX6.2 ! ᅮНᎹ⿟᭛ӊৡ⿄

/PREP7 ! ࡴ䕑ࠡ໘⧚῵ഫ
/TITLE, EX6.2 LARGE DEFLECTION OF A CANTILEVERED PLATE(SHELL181)
/PREP7 ! ࡴ䕑ࠡ໘⧚῵ഫ
smrt,off ! ݇䯁ᱎ㛑࣪ࡳ㛑
/NOPR ! ݇䯁ᦤ⼎ֵᙃ
ANTYPE,STATIC ! ᅮНߚᵤ㉏ൟЎ䴭࡯ߚᵤ
NLGEOM,ON ! ᠧᓔ໻বᔶ䗝乍
ET,1,SHELL181 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬Ў᳝䰤ᑨবሖড়໇ऩ‫ܗ‬SHELL181
R,1,1 ! ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬८ᑺЎ1mm
RMORE,,,,,10.0 ! ᅮН㭘㝰ऩ‫≭ܗ‬ⓣখ᭄10.0
MP,EX,1,1800 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EX=1800 N/mm2
MP,NUXY,,0 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨NUXY=0
! (9)ᅮН݇䬂⚍ǃ㒓੠䴶,ᑊᇚ䴶ߦߚЎ䴶ऩ‫ܗ‬
K,1 ! ೼തᷛॳ⚍ᅮН㄀1Ͼ݇䬂⚍
K,2,12 ! ೼തᷛ(12mm,0)ᅮН㄀2Ͼ݇䬂⚍
K,3,12,1 ! ೼തᷛ(12mm,1mm)ᅮН㄀3Ͼ݇䬂⚍
K,4,,1 ! ೼തᷛ(0,1mm)ᅮН㄀4Ͼ݇䬂⚍
L,1,2 ! 䖛݇䬂⚍1,2ᅮНⳈ㒓
L,3,4 ! 䖛݇䬂⚍3,4ᅮНⳈ㒓
LESIZE,ALL,,,2 ! ᅮН᠔᳝㒓ߦߚऩ‫ܗ‬ᯊ៾Ў2↉
ESIZE,,1 ! ≵᳝ᣛᅮߦߚ↉᭄ⱘ㒓ߦߚᯊ៾Ў1↉
A,1,2,3,4 ! 䖛݇䬂⚍1,2,3,4ᅮН䴶
AMESH,1 ! ᇍ1ো䴶⫳៤䴶ऩ‫ܗ‬㔥Ḑ
! (10) ᮑࡴԡ⿏㑺ᴳ੠㥋䕑࡯
NSEL,S,LOC,X ! 䗝ᢽX=0ԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍
D,ALL,ALL ! ೎ᅮ᠔᳝㡖⚍ⱘ᠔᳝㞾⬅ᑺ
NSEL,S,LOC,X,12 ! 䗝ᢽX=12mmԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍
CP,1,ROTY,ALL ! ᅮН㞾⬅ッ㡖⚍ⱘ㒩Y䕈ⱘ䕀ࡼ㞾⬅ᑺЎ㗺ড়㞾⬅ᑺ
TORQ=7.854 ! ᅮНϔञ㥋䕑7.854 Ngmm
F,2,MY,TORQ ! ೼2ো㡖⚍ⱘ㒩Y䕈ᮍ৥ᮑࡴ࡯‫ي‬7.854 Ngmm
NSEL,ALL ! 䗝ᢽ᠔᳝㒧⚍
FINISH ! 䗔ߎࠡ໘⧚῵ഫPREP7
! (11) 䖯ܹ∖㾷῵ഫ,䆒㕂∖㾷䗝乍ৢ,ᓔྟ∖㾷
/SOLU ! 䖯ܹ∖㾷῵ഫ
AUTOTS,ON ! Փ⫼㞾ࡼ㥋䕑ℹ䭓
NSUBST,10 ! ೼↣ϔϾ㥋䕑ℹ᳔໮Փ⫼10Ͼ㥋䕑ᄤℹ
LNSRCH,ON ! Փ⫼Ⳉ㒓᧰㋶ᮍ⊩
OUTPR,BASIC,LAST ! 䕧ߎ᳔ৢϔϾ㥋䕑ᄤℹⱘ෎ᴀ᭄᥂㒧ᵰ
OUTRES,ALL,ALL ! ೼∖㾷䕧ߎ᭛ӊЁֱᄬ↣ϔϾ㥋䕑ᄤℹⱘ㒧ᵰ
SOLVE ! ᓔྟ∖㾷
FINISH ! 䗔ߎ∖㾷῵ഫSOLUTION
! (12)೼∖㾷῵ഫ䞡ਃࡼߚᵤ
/SOLU ! ࡴ䕑∖㾷῵ഫ
ANTYPE,,REST ! 䞡ਃࡼߚᵤ

259
 ㄀ゴᵓⱘᔃ᳆੠໇ԧ䅵ㅫ

F,2,MY,TORQ*2 ! 㒭2ো㡖⚍ᮑࡴܼ䚼㥋䕑2*7.854 Ngmm

SOLVE ! ᓔྟ∖㾷
FINISH ! 䗔ߎ∖㾷῵ഫSOLU
! (13)೼ৢ໘⧚῵ഫ,ᰒ⼎䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
/POST1 ! 䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
RSYS,SOLU ! 䗝ᢽ߮⫳៤ⱘതᷛ㋏
SET,2 ! 䇏ܹ㥋䕑ℹ2(Ң䞡ਃࡼߚᵤ)ⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
SHELL,TOP ! 䗝ᢽᑨ࡯䕧ߎⱘ໇ԧϞ㸼䴶
PRNSOL,S,COMP ! ߫㸼ᰒ⼎㡖⚍ᑨ࡯㒧ᵰ
PRNSOL,DOF ! ߫㸼ᰒ⼎㡖⚍ԡ⿏㒧ᵰ
*GET,UX_N4,NODE,4,U,X ! ᦤপ4ো㡖⚍Xᮍ৥ⱘԡ⿏UX,ᄬܹব䞣UX_N4
*GET,UZ_N4,NODE,4,U,Z ! ᦤপ4ো㡖⚍Zᮍ৥ⱘԡ⿏UZ,ᄬܹব䞣UZ_N4
*GET,ROTY_N4,NODE,4,ROT,Y ! ᦤপ4ো㡖⚍㒩Y䕈ⱘ䕀㾦ԡ⿏ROTY,ᄬܹব䞣ROTY_N4
*GET,STRSS_N1,NODE,1,S,X ! ᦤপ1ো㡖⚍⊓ⴔX䕈ᮍ৥ⱘᑨ࡯SX,ᄬܹব䞣STRSS_N1
! (14) ᅮН᭄㒘ব䞣,ֱᄬ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰৢ䕧ߎࠄ᭛ӊ
*DIM,LABEL,CHAR,4,2 ! ᅮН4*2ᄫヺൟ᭄㒘LABEL
*DIM,VALUE,,4,3 ! ᅮН4*3᭄ؐൟ᭄㒘VALUE
LABEL(1,1) = 'UX,NODE','UZ,NODE','ROTY,NOD','STS_X,N_' ! 㒭LABELⱘ㄀1߫䌟ؐ
LABEL(1,2) = '4 (mm) ','4 (mm) ','E 4(rad)','1 N/mm^2' ! 㒭LABELⱘ㄀2߫䌟ؐ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,1),DATA,-2.92,-6.60,1.26,94.25 ! 㒭᭄㒘VALUEⱘ㄀1߫䌟⧚䆎ؐ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,2),DATA,UX_N4,UZ_N4,ROTY_N4,STRSS_N1! 㒭᭄㒘VALUEⱘ㄀2߫䌟䅵ㅫؐ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,3),DATA,ABS(UX_N4/2.9),ABS(UZ_N4/6.5),ABS(ROTY_N4/1.26),ABS(ST
RSS_N1/94.25) ! 㒭᭄㒘VALUEⱘ㄀3߫䌟↨ؐ
SAVE, TABLE_2 ! ֱᄬ᭄᥂ࠄ咬䅸᭄᥂ᑧTABLE_2
! (15)Ң᭄᥂ᑧЁᘶ໡᭄᥂ৢ,ֱᄬࠄ᭛ӊ
RESUME,TABLE_1 ! Ң᭄᥂ᑧTABLE_1Ёᘶ໡᭄᥂
/COM
/COM
/OUT, EX6_2, out ! ᇚ䕧ߎ‫ݙ‬ᆍ䞡ᅮ৥ࠄ᭛ӊEX6_2.out
/COM,------------------- EX6.2 RESULTS COMPARISON ---------------------
/COM,
/COM, | TARGET | ANSYS | RATIO
/COM,
/COM,SHELL43:
/COM,
*VWRITE,LABEL(1,1),LABEL(1,2),VALUE(1,1),VALUE(1,2),VALUE(1,3)
(1X,A8,A8,' ',F10.2,' ',F10.2,' ',1F5.2)
/NOPR
RESUME,TABLE_2 ! Ң᭄᥂ᑧTABLE_2Ёᘶ໡᭄᥂
/GOPR
/COM,
/COM,SHELL181:
/COM,
*VWRITE,LABEL(1,1),LABEL(1,2),VALUE(1,1),VALUE(1,2),VALUE(1,3)

260
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

(1X,A8,A8,' ',F10.2,' ',F10.2,' ',1F5.2)

/COM,-----------------------------------------------------------------
/OUT ! 㒧ᴳ᭄᥂䞡ᅮ৥,݇䯁䕧ߎ᭛ӊ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
/DELETE,TABLE_1
/DELETE,TABLE_2
FINISH ! 䗔ߎৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
*LIST, EX6_2, out ! ߫㸼ᰒ⼎᭛ӊEX6_2.outⱘ‫ݙ‬ᆍ

4ˊ㒧ᵰ䅼䆎

߽⫼Ϟ䴶⿟ᑣˈߚ߿⫼SHELL43໇ԧऩ‫ܗ‬੠SHELL181໇ԧऩ‫ܗ‬䅵ㅫњ 㞖䭓ᵓ೼ッ
䚼䲚Ё࡯‫ي‬԰⫼ϟⱘ໻ᣴᑺᔃ᳆ˈ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰབ㸼6.2᠔⼎DŽ੠⧚䆎ؐⳌ↨ˈϸ㗙䇃Ꮒ䛑ϡ໻ˈ
Ԛᰃ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬বᔶ໇ऩ‫ܗ‬SHELL181㊒ᑺ᳈催DŽ㗗㰥ࠄ䖭Ͼ䯂乬ⱘ䴲ᐌ໻ⱘᔃ᳆বᔶˈা⫼њ
ϸϾऩ‫ܗ‬ህৃҹ䘐䖥ᕫ䖭ḋདˈ䇈ᯢ䖭ϸ⾡໇ԧऩ‫ܗ‬ᇍ໻বᔶߚᵤⱘ㊒ᑺᰃ䴲ᐌ催ⱘDŽ

㸼6.2 ⫼ϡৠⱘ໇ԧऩ‫ܗ‬䅵ㅫ 㞖䭓ᵓ೼ッ䚼䲚Ё࡯‫ي‬԰⫼ϟⱘ໻ᣴᑺᔃ᳆
SHELL43ऩ‫ܗ‬ ⧚ 䆎 ؐ Ansysؐ ↨ ؐ
㞾⬅ッ∈ᑇԡ⿏UX (mm) 2.92 2.61 0.89
㞾⬅ッオ৥ᣴᑺUZ (mm) 6.60 6.55 0.99
㞾⬅ッ䕀㾦ROTY (rad) 1.26 1.22 0.97
೎ᅮッᔃ᳆ᑨ࡯ (MPa) 94.25 94.25 1.00
㞾⬅ッ∈ᑇԡ⿏UX (mm) 2.92 2.77 0.95
㞾⬅ッオ৥ᣴᑺUZ (mm) 6.60 6.71 1.03
㞾⬅ッ䕀㾦ROTY (rad) 1.26 1.26 1.00
೎ᅮッᔃ᳆ᑨ࡯ (MPa) 94.25 94.25 1.00

6.3 ⫼໇ԧऩ‫ߚܗ‬ᵤফഛᏗ㥋䕑԰⫼ⱘ೎ᬃ೚ᵓ໻ᣴᑺᔃ᳆
ञᕘa=250mm८ᑺt=2.5mmˈ਼䖍།㋻ⱘ೚ᵓˈফࠄഛᏗय़࡯p=6585.2Pa԰⫼˄བ೒6.27
᠔⼎˅DŽᏆⶹᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣E=200GPaˈ⊞ᵒ↨°=0.3ˈ䆩߽⫼ลᗻ䕈ᇍ⿄䫹໇ऩ‫ܗ‬
SHELL51ˈ㗗㰥໻বᔶ੠ᑨ࡯ᔎ࣪ᬜᑨˈ⹂ᅮ݊Ёᖗⱘᣴᑺ¨0 ˈҹঞ䖍㓬໘ⱘᕘ৥ᑨ࡯
¶a ੠ᕘ৥ᑨ࡯¶0 DŽ
Y
Y p =6585.2Pa

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
X X
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
a
a =250mm
Z t =2.5mm

೒6.27 ഛᏗ㥋䕑԰⫼ϟⱘ਼䖍೎ᬃ೚ᵓ ೒6.28 ਼䖍೎ᬃ೚ᵓⱘ䕈ᇍ⿄῵ൟ㡖⚍੠ऩ‫ܗ‬Ꮧ㕂

261
 ㄀ゴᵓⱘᔃ᳆੠໇ԧ䅵ㅫ

1ˊ⧚䆎㾷

(1) ͪ͐Ӗખէέ໹ನԅ࿫έટd
[16]˖402 ˈ232
㭘ᵓ೼໪㥋䕑԰⫼ϟⱘᑨব㛑ˈৃҹ⫼ϟᓣ䅵ㅫ ˖
⎛ D ⎧⎪⎛ ∂ 2w ∂ 2 w ⎞2 ⎡ ∂ 2 w ∂ 2 w ⎛ ∂ 2 w ⎞2 ⎤⎫⎪ ⎞
I = ∫∫ ⎜ ⎨⎜ 2 + 2 ⎟ − 2(1 − μ ) ⎢ 2 − ⎜ ⎥
⎟ ⎬ − w p ⎟ dxdy (6.22)
⎜ 2 ⎪⎝ ∂x ∂y ⎠ ⎣⎢ ∂x ∂ y 2
⎝ ∂x ∂y ⎠ ⎦⎥⎭⎪ ⎟
⎝ ⎩ ⎠
ᇍѢᵕതᷛ㋏ϟⱘᑨব㛑䅵ㅫ݀ᓣৃ䞛⫼˖
⎧⎪ D ⎡⎛ ∂ 2 w 1 ∂w ⎞ 2 2(1 − μ ) ∂w ∂ 2 w ⎤ ⎫⎪
I = ∫∫ ⎨ ⎢⎜ 2 + ⎟ − ⎥ − wq ⎬ r d r dθ (6.23)
2 ⎢⎝ ∂r r ∂ r ⎠ r ∂r ∂r 2
⎥
⎩⎪ ⎣ ⎦ ⎭⎪
݊ЁᇍᑨѢᔃ᳆䚼ߚⱘᑨব㛑ˈ݊ؐЎ˖
D 2π a ⎡⎛ ∂ 2 w ⎞ 1 ⎛ ∂w ⎞ 2μ ∂w ∂ 2 w ⎤
2 2

V = ∫ ∫ ⎢⎜ 2 ⎟ + 2 ⎜ ⎟ + ⎥ r dr dθ (6.24)
2 0 0 ⎢⎝ ∂r ⎠ r ⎝ ∂r ⎠ r ∂r ∂r 2 ⎥
⎣ ⎦
(2) ಁՇખէ‫ۆ‬೴ۤࡅ຿สྭ‫ۆ‬೴d
ᇍѢ೼ഛᏗ㥋䕑԰⫼ϟⱘ਼䖍೎ᬃ೚ᵓˈৃҹ䆒ᣴᑺߑ᭄˖
2
⎛ r2 ⎞
w = w0 ⎜ 1 − 2 ⎟ (6.25)
⎝ a ⎠
߭ᔃ᳆ᑨব㛑ৃҹ⬅ᇚϞᓣҷܹᔃ᳆ᑨব㛑݀ᓣˈ⿃ߚৢᕫࠄ˖
32π w0 2
V= D (6.26)
3 a2
ᕘ৥ԡ⿏ৃҹ䆒Ў㑻᭄˖
u = r( a − r )(C1 + C2 r + C3r 2 + ...) (6.27)
䆹㑻᭄⒵䎇೼Ёᖗ໘˄r=0˅੠䖍⬠໘˄ r = a ˅ⱘᕘ৥ԡ⿏ㄝѢ䳊ⱘᴵӊDŽ
(3) ᄯੋ࿫έൎճ࿫ԅ࿫έટd
ҢϞ䴶ⱘᣴᑺ੠ᕘ৥ԡ⿏㸼䖒ᓣˈ៥Ӏৃҹ䅵ㅫЁ䴶ⱘᕘ৥ᑨব ε r ੠⦃৥ᑨব εθ ˈᑊ
ϨৃҹᕫࠄЁ䴶ᑨব᠔ᇍᑨⱘᑨব㛑Ў˖
a⎛ N ε Nε ⎞ π Eh a 2
V1 = 2π ∫ ⎜ r r + θ θ ⎟ r d r = 2 ∫0
(ε r +ε θ 2 + 2με r ε θ ) rdr (6.28)
0
⎝ 2 2 ⎠ 1− μ
೼ᕘ৥ԡ⿏㑻᭄Ёাপࠡϸ乍ˈҷܹࠄϞᓣˈᕫࠄЁ䴶ⱘᑨব㛑Ў˖
π Eha 4 ⎛ 8w0 2 8w0 2 64 w04 ⎞
V1 = ⎜ 25C1 + 11.67C2 a + 30C1C2 a − 0.846C1 3 + 0.682C2 2 + 0.477 6 ⎟
2 2 4

100(1 − μ 2 ) ⎝ a a a ⎠
(4) ճຂ೴έ‫ד‬d
㋏᭄ C1 , C2 ৃҹ߽⫼ᑨব㛑݇Ѣ䖭ϸϾখ᭄পᵕᇣؐᴹᕫࠄˈे˖
∂V1 ∂V
= 0,ˈ 1 = 0 (6.29)
∂C1 ∂C2
⬅ℸৃҹ㾷䰸䖭ϸϾখ᭄ؐߚ߿Ў˖

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C1 = 1.185 w0 2 / a 3 ˈ C2 = −1.75 w0 2 / a 4 (6.30)

ᇚ݊ҷಲࠄЁ䴶ᑨব㛑݀ᓣˈᕫࠄ˖
32 w0 2 ⎛ w02 ⎞
V + V1 = π D 2 ⎜1 + 0.244 2 ⎟ (6.31)
3 a ⎝ h ⎠
݀ᓣЁⱘ㄀2乍㸼⼎Ё䴶ᑨবᇍᑨব㛑ⱘׂℷDŽᑊϨৃҹⳟߎˈᔧᵓⱘᣴᑺϢᵓ८Ⳍ↨
ᕜᇣᯊˈ䖭⾡ׂℷৃҹᗑ⬹DŽ
(5) ॆဈ༔สྭၐस௲Շખէd
߽⫼㰮ԡ⿏ॳ⧚ˈ೼ᑇ㸵ԡ㕂ⱘᣴᑺՓᘏ㛑䞣পᵕؐˈे˖
2
d (V + V1 ) a a⎛ r2 ⎞
δ w0 = 2π ∫ p δ wrdr = 2π p δ w ∫ ⎜ 1 − 2 ⎟ rdr (6.32)
dw0 0 0
⎝ a ⎠
ᇚᘏᑨব㛑 V + V1 ҷܹϞᓣˈৃҹᕫߎ⹂ᅮᣴᑺ w0 ⱘᮍ⿟˖
p a4 1
w0 = (6.33)
64D 1 + 0.488 w02 / h 2
ҷ᭄ܹؐˈᕫࠄ˖
D = Et 3 /12/(1 − μ 2 ) = 200× 109 ×2.53 ×10 −9 /12/(1 − 0.32 ) = 286.17 Ngm
Ϟ䴶ⱘᮍ⿟বЎ˖
p a4 1 6585.2 × .25 4 1
w0 = = (6.34)
64 D 1 + 0.488w0 / t
2 2
64 × 286.17 1 + 0.488w0 2 /2.52 /10 −6
⬅ℸৃҹ㾷ߎˈ᳔໻ᣴᑺ˖
w0 = 1.25147 mm

2ˊANSYSߚᵤ

(1) ಁᄢٝёϵ೴c‫ד‬๥फ໸cӦ၍फ໸cಬШ೴ۤϫॸϵ೴d
⫼ߚᵤ㉏ൟᅮНੑҸ ĀANTYPE,STATICāᅮНߚᵤ㉏ൟЎ䴭࡯ߚᵤDŽ ⫼“NLGEOM,ONā
ᠧᓔ໻বᔶ䗝乍ˈ⫼“SSTIF,ONāᠧᓔᑨ࡯ᔎ࣪䗝乍DŽ
⫼ ऩ ‫ ㉏ ܗ‬ൟ ᅮ Н ੑ Ҹ “ET,1,SHELL51,,,,,,,1ā ᅮ Н ㄀ 1 ㉏ ऩ ‫ ܗ‬Ў 䕈 ᇍ ⿄ ໇ ԧ ऩ ‫ܗ‬
SHELL51ˈᡥࠊऩ‫ܗ‬䕧ߎDŽ⫼ᅲᐌ᭄ᅮНੑҸ“R,1,0.0025āᅮН໇ԧ८ᑺЎ0.0025mDŽ
⫼ᴤ᭭খ᭄ᅮНੑҸĀMP,EX,1,2E11āᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EX=200 GPaˈ⫼
“MP,NUXY,1,0.3āᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨NUXY=0.3DŽ
(2) Շ࿌ࠋԤۤӦ၍d
ᣝ✻೒6.28ⱘ㡖⚍੠ऩ‫ܗ‬Ꮧ㕂ˈ⫼ᅮН㡖⚍ੑҸĀN,1ā೼തᷛॳ⚍(0,0)ᅮН㄀1ো㒧
⚍DŽ⫼“N,11,0.25ā೼തᷛ(0.25m,0)ᅮН㄀11ো㒧⚍DŽ⫼฿‫⫳ܙ‬៤㡖⚍ੑҸ“FILLā೼1ো㡖
⚍੠11ো㡖⚍П䯈฿‫⫳ܙ‬៤݊ԭ2ࠄ10ো㡖⚍DŽ
⫼ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬ੑҸĀE,1,2ā䖛㡖⚍1੠㡖⚍2ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ⫼ऩ‫⫳ܗ‬៤ੑҸĀEGEN,10,1,1ā
ᣝ✻ࠡ䴶ऩ‫ܗ‬῵ᓣˈᕾ⦃10⃵⫳៤݊ԭ2ࠄ10োऩ‫⃵↣ˈܗ‬ᕾ⦃㡖⚍ো๲ࡴ1DŽ
(3) ಁᄢௐࠓ༪ົēสྭၟ೯ۤ۠ၻd
⫼㒧ᵰ䕧ߎ䆒㕂ੑҸĀOUTPR,,LASTā䆒㕂া䕧ߎ᳔ৢϔϾ㥋䕑ℹⱘ෎ᴀ㒧ᵰDŽ⫼䗝

263
 ㄀ゴᵓⱘᔃ᳆੠໇ԧ䅵ㅫ

ᢽ 㡖 ⚍ ੑ Ҹ Ā NSEL,S,LOC,X,0ā 䗝 ᢽ X=0 ԡ 㕂 ⱘ 㡖 ⚍ DŽ ⫼ ᮑ ࡴ ᇍ ⿄ ԡ ⿏ 㑺 ᴳ ੑ Ҹ
ĀDSYM,SYMM,Xāᮑࡴ݇ѢX䕈(YZᑇ䴶)ⱘᇍ⿄ԡ⿏ᴵӊDŽ⫼“NSEL,ALLā䗝ᢽ᠔᳝㒧⚍DŽ
⫼ᮑࡴ㡖⚍ԡ⿏㑺ᴳੑҸ“D,11,ALLāᅠܼ೎ᅮ11ো㡖⚍DŽ
⫼ऩ‫ܗ‬㸼䴶㥋䕑ᅮНੑҸĀSFE,1,1,PRES,,6585.2ā㒭1োऩ‫ܗ‬ᮑࡴऩ‫ܗ‬㸼䴶㥋䕑6585.2
2
N/m ˈ⫼䞡໡ᠻ㸠ࠡϔ᪡԰ⱘੑҸĀ*REPEAT,10,1ā䞡໡ᕾ⦃10⃵ˈ㒭݊ԭऩ‫ܗ‬ᮑࡴ㸼䴶
㥋䕑DŽ㒣䖛䖭ѯੑҸᕫࠄབ೒6.29᠔⼎ⱘ῵ൟDŽ

೒6.29 ਼䖍೎ᬃ೚ᵓⱘ䕈ᇍ⿄῵ൟⱘԡ⿏㑺ᴳ੠㥋䕑ᅮН

(4) ࠩదௐࠓ੦ࣖ‫܊‬ēࢗಳௐࠓd
೼䖯ܹ∖㾷῵ഫৢˈথߎ∖㾷ੑҸˈ㋏㒳ᓔྟ䴲㒓ᗻ䗁ҷ∖㾷ˈ⬅Ѣ≵᳝ᣛᅮ࡯៪㗙
࡯‫ⱘي‬ᬊᬯ㽕∖ˈ㋏㒳䞛⫼咬䅸ⱘᬊᬯ㽕∖0.001DŽ೼∖㾷䖛⿟Ёˈ೒ᔶにষࡼᗕᰒ⼎࡯੠
࡯‫ⱘي‬ᬊᬯᚙ‫˄މ‬བ೒6.30᠔⼎˅ˈ೒Ёᰒ⼎໻㑺㒣䖛њ3⃵ህ䖒ࠄ㊒ᑺ㽕∖ˈ䅵ㅫ㒧ᴳDŽ

೒6.30 ਼䖍೎ᬃ೚ᵓ䅵ㅫᬊᬯ䖛⿟೒ᔶᰒ⼎

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 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

(5) ၽ‫҉܊‬स੦ࣖᄯēມವ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ڴ‬d
⫼Ā/POST1ā䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫৢˈ⫼ᦤপ㒧ᵰੑҸ“*GET,UY,NODE,1,U,Yāᦤপ
1ো㡖⚍ⱘYᮍ৥ԡ⿏UYˈᄬܹব䞣UYDŽ⫼ᰒ⼎‫ݙ‬ᄬব䞣⢊ᗕੑҸĀ*status,parmāᰒ⼎‫ݙ‬
ᄬব䞣ⱘؐˈ㋏㒳ᰒ⼎བ೒6.31᠔⼎ⱘにষˈにষЁᰒ⼎ব䞣UYⱘؐЎ1.239816159E3DŽ

೒6.31 ਼䖍೎ᬃ೚ᵓⱘ1ো㡖⚍ⱘYᮍ৥ԡ⿏

(6) Շ࿌೴ᆦēߜ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ͬڴ‬ӉӾ೴ᆦέ२ē௶‫܊‬೛ѻӾำߑd

3ˊANSYS⿟ᑣ

FINISH
/CLEAR, NOSTART ! ⏙䰸᭄᥂ˈϡࡴ䕑߱ྟ࣪᭛ӊ
! (1) 䆒㕂Ꮉ⿟খ᭄ǃߚᵤ㉏ൟǃऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟǃᅲᐌ᭄੠ᴤ᭭খ᭄
/FileName, EX6.3 ! ᅮНᎹ⿟᭛ӊৡ⿄
/PREP7 ! ࡴ䕑ࠡ໘⧚῵ഫ
/TITLE, EX6.3, LARGE DEFLECTION BENDING OF A CIRCULAR PLATE
C*** THEORY OF PLATES AND SHELLS, TIMOSHENKO, P. 401, EQ. 232
ANTYPE,STATIC ! ᅮНߚᵤ㉏ൟЎ䴭࡯ߚᵤ
NLGEOM,ON ! ᠧᓔ໻বᔶ䗝乍
SSTIF,ON ! ᠧᓔᑨ࡯ᔎ࣪䗝乍
ET,1,SHELL51,,,,,,,1 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬Ў䕈ᇍ⿄໇ԧऩ‫ܗ‬SHELL51ˈᡥࠊऩ‫ܗ‬䕧ߎ
R,1,.0025 ! ᅮН໇ԧ८ᑺЎ0.0025m
MP,EX,1,2E11 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EX=200GPa
MP,NUXY,1,0.3 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨NUXY=0.3
! (2)ᅮН㡖⚍੠ऩ‫ܗ‬
N,1 ! ೼തᷛॳ⚍(0,0)ᅮН㄀1ো㒧⚍
N,11,0.25 ! ೼തᷛ(0.25m,0)ᅮН㄀11ো㒧⚍
FILL ! ೼1ো㡖⚍੠11ো㡖⚍П䯈฿‫⫳ܙ‬៤݊ԭ㡖⚍
E,1,2 ! 䖛㡖⚍1੠㡖⚍2ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬
EGEN,10,1,1 ! ᣝ✻ࠡ䴶ऩ‫ܗ‬῵ᓣ,ᕾ⦃10⃵⫳៤݊ԭऩ‫ܗ‬,↣⃵㡖⚍ো๲ࡴ1
! (3)䆒㕂∖㾷䗝乍,ԡ⿏㑺ᴳ੠㥋䕑
OUTPR,,LAST ! া䕧ߎ᳔ৢϔϾ㥋䕑ℹⱘ෎ᴀ㒧ᵰ
NSEL,S,LOC,X,0 ! 䗝ᢽX=0ԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍
DSYM,SYMM,X ! ᮑࡴ݇ѢX䕈(YZᑇ䴶)ⱘᇍ⿄ԡ⿏ᴵӊ
NSEL,ALL ! 䗝ᢽ᠔᳝㒧⚍
D,11,ALL ! ᅠܼ೎ᅮ11ো㡖⚍
SFE,1,1,PRES,,6585.2 ! 㒭1োऩ‫ܗ‬ᮑࡴऩ‫ܗ‬㸼䴶㥋䕑6585.2 N/m2

265
 ㄀ゴᵓⱘᔃ᳆੠໇ԧ䅵ㅫ

*REPEAT,10,1 ! 䞡໡ᕾ⦃10⃵,㒭݊ԭऩ‫ܗ‬ᮑࡴ㸼䴶㥋䕑
FINISH ! 䗔ߎࠡ໘⧚῵ഫPREP7
! (4)䖯ܹ∖㾷῵ഫৢ,ᓔྟ∖㾷
/SOLU ! ࡴ䕑∖㾷῵ഫ
SOLVE ! ᓔྟ䴲㒓ᗻ䗁ҷ∖㾷
FINISH ! 䗔ߎ∖㾷῵ഫSOLUTION
! (5)೼ৢ໘⧚῵ഫЁ,ᰒ⼎䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
/POST1 ! 䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
*GET,UY,NODE,1,U,Y ! ᦤপ1ো㡖⚍ⱘYᮍ৥ԡ⿏UY,ᄬܹব䞣UY
*status,parm ! ᰒ⼎‫ݙ‬ᄬব䞣ⱘؐ
! (6)ᅮН᭄㒘,ᇚ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰֱᄬࠄ᭄㒘ব䞣,✊ৢ䕧ߎࠄ᭛ӊ
*DIM,LABEL,CHAR,1,2 ! ᅮН1*2ᄫヺൟ᭄㒘LABEL
*DIM,VALUE,,1,3 ! ᅮН1*3᭄ؐൟ᭄㒘VALUE
LABEL(1,1) = 'Y DISP ' ! 㒭᭄㒘LABELⱘ㄀1߫䌟ؐ
LABEL(1,2) = ' m' ! 㒭᭄㒘LABELⱘ㄀2߫䌟ؐ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,1),DATA,-0.00125 ! 㒭᭄㒘VALUEⱘ㄀1߫䌟⧚䆎ؐ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,2),DATA,UY ! 㒭᭄㒘VALUEⱘ㄀2߫䌟䅵ㅫؐ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,3),DATA,ABS(UY/0.00125) ! 㒭᭄㒘VALUEⱘ㄀3߫䌟↨ؐ
/COM
/OUT, EX6_3, out ! ᇚ䕧ߎ‫ݙ‬ᆍ䞡ᅮ৥ࠄ᭛ӊEX6_3.out
/COM,------------------- EX6.3 RESULTS COMPARISON -------------
/COM,
/COM, LOAD STEP 3 | TARGET | ANSYS | RATIO
/COM,
*VWRITE,LABEL(1,1),LABEL(1,2),VALUE(1,1),VALUE(1,2),VALUE(1,3)
(1X,A8,A8,' ',F10.5,' ',F10.5,' ',1F5.3)
/COM,-----------------------------------------------------------
/OUT ! 㒧ᴳ᭄᥂䞡ᅮ৥ˈ݇䯁䕧ߎ᭛ӊ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
*LIST, EX6_3, out ! ߫㸼ᰒ⼎᭛ӊEX6_3.outⱘ‫ݙ‬ᆍ

4ˊ㒧ᵰ䅼䆎

߽⫼Ϟ䴶⿟ᑣ䅵ㅫњফഛᏗ㥋䕑԰⫼ⱘ೎ᬃ೚ᵓⱘ໻ᣴᑺᔃ᳆䯂乬ˈ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰབ㸼 6.
3 ᠔⼎ˈ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ੠⧚䆎㾷䴲ᐌ᥹䖥DŽ

㸼6.3 ⫼໇ԧऩ‫ߚܗ‬ᵤফഛᏗ㥋䕑԰⫼ⱘ೎ᬃ೚ᵓⱘ໻ᣴᑺᔃ᳆Ёᖗ᳔໻ᣴᑺ
ᣴ ᑺ ⧚ 䆎 ؐ ANSYSؐ ↨ ؐ
ЁᖗᣴᑺUY (mm) 0.00125 0.00124 0.992

6.4 ߽⫼ᢝԌ᪡԰ᓎゟ㝼㚔ᔃㅵ῵ൟ

ᑇഛञᕘr=150mmˈ८ᑺt=10mmⱘㅵ䘧ˈЎњ⍜䰸⬅Ѣ⏽ᑺব࣪ᓩ䍋ⱘ⏽ᑺᑨ࡯ˈ↣

266
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27㉇䭓ᑺϞ䆒㕂ϔϾ㝼㚔ᔃㅵDŽ೼䕈㒓Ϟⱘᇍ⿄ԡ㕂ߛᓔㅵ䘧ˈপϔञ῵ൟ䖯㸠䅵ㅫˈ䕈
㒓ሎᇌ⼎ᛣ೒བ೒6.32᠔⼎DŽᏆⶹᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣E=207GPaˈ⊞ᵒ↨°=0.3ˈ⛁㝼㚔㋏᭄
-6
¥=6× 10 m/meCˈ䆩⫼໇ऩ‫ܗ‬SHELL63䅵ㅫ೼‫ݙ‬य़p=0.2MPa԰⫼ϟˈ⏽ᑺछ催80ᑺᯊˈ
㝼㚔ᔃㅵ‫ⱘݙ‬᳔໻ᑨ࡯DŽᑊҹℸ㒧ᵰ䆘Ӌ㝼㚔ᔃㅵᇍ䕈৥ᑨ࡯ⱘᕅડDŽ
y

1.5m 3

4 1 x
0.6m
2.8m z

0.6m

12m
12m
2

೒6.32 ೼⏽ᑺ੠‫ݙ‬य़԰⫼ϟⱘ㝼㚔ᔃㅵ䅵ㅫ῵ൟ⼎ᛣ೒

1ˊ⧚䆎㾷
‫ݙ‬य़ p = 1.5 MPa ᓩ䍋ⱘ⦃৥ᑨ࡯ؐЎ˖
( r − t /2) p (0.15 − 0.005) × 0.2
σc = = = 2.90 MPa
t 0.010
ᔧㅵ䘧ϡৃԌ䭓ᯊˈ⏽ᑺछ催80ᑺᓩ䍋ⱘ䕈৥य़ᑨ࡯ؐЎ˖
σ z = Eε = E α Δt = 207× 109 × 6 ×10 −6 × 80 = 99.36 MPa
ℸᯊᓩ䍋ㅵ䘧ッ䚼ⱘ᥼࡯ؐЎ˖
N z = Aσ = 3.14159 × (1552 −1452 ) ×99.36 = 936kN
䖭ḋ催ⱘ䕈৥᥼࡯Ӯᇍϸッⱘ䆒໛䗴៤ᕜ໻ⱘ԰⫼࡯ˈৠᯊ䕈৥य़ᑨ࡯ᰃᎹ԰㥋䕑ᓩ
䍋ᑨ࡯ⱘ䖥10‫ˈס‬᠔ҹ೼䆒䅵Ё䳔㽕ሑৃ㛑ഄ‫ޣ‬ᇣ䕈৥ᑨ࡯੠䕈৥᥼࡯ˈ䆒㕂⏽ᑺ㝼㚔ᔃ
ㅵህᰃ݊Ёⱘ᥾ᮑПϔDŽ

2ˊANSYSߚᵤ

ϟ䴶㒭ߎ߽⫼ᢝԌ᪡԰⫳៤ㅵ䘧῵ൟˈ∖㾷೼⏽ᑺ㥋䕑੠‫ݙ‬य़԰⫼ϟⱘᑨ࡯ߚᏗᚙ‫މ‬DŽ
(1) Շ࿌‫ڕ‬ԁᅀຬ౨ԅᅖྑ‫ߏڑ‬Ԥd
⫼Ā/PREP7ā䖯ܹࠡ໘⧚῵ഫPREP7ˈЎњ֓Ѣ㾖ᆳ῵ൟ⫳៤䖛⿟ˈ⫼ᅮН㾚⚍ੑҸ
Ā/View,1,1,1,1āᇚ1োにষⱘ㾚⚍ߛᤶࠄㄝ䕈⌟㾚⚍DŽ⫼ᅮН݇䬂⚍ੑҸĀK,1ā೼തᷛॳ
⚍ᅮНԡѢㅵ䘧䕈㒓Ϟⱘ㄀1Ͼ݇䬂⚍ˈ⫼ĀK,2,,,12ā೼(0,0,12m)ԡ㕂ᅮН㄀2Ͼ݇䬂⚍ˈ
⫼ĀK,3,,2.8,12ā೼(0,2.8m,12m)ԡ㕂ᅮН㄀3Ͼ݇䬂⚍ˈ⫼“K,4,,2.8,13.5ā೼(0,2.8m,13.5m)
ԡ㕂ᅮН㄀4Ͼ݇䬂⚍DŽ߽⫼䖭ѯ݇䬂⚍ᅮНੑҸˈ೒ᔶにষЁᰒ⼎བ೒6.33᠔⼎DŽ
(2) ‫ߏڑڶ‬Շ࿌‫ڕ‬ԁᅀຬۤ‫҉߸ڎ‬ԅӺၕd
⫼ᅮН㒓ੑҸ“L,1,2ā䖛1ো݇䬂⚍੠2ো݇䬂⚍ᅮН㄀1ᴵ㒓ˈ⫼“L,2,3ā䖛2ো݇䬂⚍
੠3ো݇䬂⚍ᅮН㄀2ᴵ㒓ˈ⫼“L,3,4ā䖛31ো݇䬂⚍੠4ো݇䬂⚍ᅮН㄀1ᴵ㒓DŽ⫼㒓‫צ‬೚ੑ
Ҹ“Lfillt,1,2,0.6āᅮН1ো㒓੠2ো㒓ⳌѸԡ㕂ञᕘЎ0.6mⱘ‫צ‬೚ˈ⫼“Lfillt,2,3,0.6āᅮН2
ো㒓੠3ো㒓ⳌѸԡ㕂ञᕘЎ0.6mⱘ‫צ‬೚DŽ߽⫼䖭ѯᅮН㒓ⱘੑҸˈ೒ᔶにষЁᰒ⼎བ೒
6.34᠔⼎ⱘㅵ䘧䕈㒓DŽ

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೒6.33 ⫼݇䬂⚍ੑҸᅮН㝼㚔ᔃㅵ䕈㒓ϞⱘЏ㽕݇䬂⚍

೒6.34 ⫼݇䬂⚍ǃ㒓੠㒓‫צ‬೚ੑҸ⫳៤ⱘ㝼㚔ᔃㅵ䕈㒓
(3) Շ࿌‫ڕ‬ԁ۸ࠉੋၕēඹ‫ڶ‬ཡᆂ‫ڕ‬ԁᅀຬࣸಅუّၕಓю‫ڕ‬ԁd
⫼ᅮН݇䬂⚍ੑҸ ĀK,21ā೼തᷛॳ⚍ᅮН㄀21ো݇䬂⚍ˈ ⫼ᅮН೚ੑҸ“Circle,21,0.15ā
ҹ21ো݇䬂⚍Ў೚ᖗˈ0.15mЎञᕘ԰೚ˈ೚ᓻ㒓㓪োձ⃵ᰃ6,7,8,9DŽ
⫼ᢝԌ⫳៤䴶ੑҸ“ ADRAG,6,7,8,9,,,1,4,2,5,3ā⫼೚ᓻ㒓6,7,8੠9ˈ⊓ࠡ䴶ᅮНⱘ䏃ᕘ
1,4,2,5,3ো㒓ᠿᦣᔶ៤ㅵ䘧᳆䴶DŽ㒣䖛ᢝԌ᪡԰ৢˈᕫࠄབ೒6.35᠔⼎ⱘ㝼㚔ᔃㅵ῵ൟDŽ
(4) Շ࿌Ӧ၍फ໸cಬШ೴cϫॸϵ೴ۤӦ၍Ѥӊ‫܊‬ēߜ‫ڕ‬ԁ‫דܣ‬นࢴ඘Ӧ၍d
⫼ߚᵤ㉏ൟᅮНੑҸĀANTYPE,STATICāᅮНߚᵤ㉏ൟЎ䴭࡯ߚᵤDŽ⫼ऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟᅮ
НੑҸ“ET,1,SHELL63āᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬Ў໇ऩ‫ܗ‬SHELL63DŽ⫼ᅲᐌ᭄ᅮНੑҸ“R,1,0.010ā
ᅮНऩ‫ⱘܗ‬㄀1㉏ᅲᐌ᭄˖໇ԧऩ‫ܗ‬८ᑺ10mmDŽ

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೒6.35 ⊓ⴔ㝼㚔ᔃㅵ䕈㒓ᢝԌ೚ᓻ㒓⫳៤ㅵ㒓᳆䴶

⫼ᴤ᭭খ᭄ᅮНੑҸĀMP,EX,1,207E9āᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EX=210 GPaˈ⫼
ĀMP,NUXY,1,0.3āᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨NUXY=0.3ˈ⫼“ MP,ALPX,1,6E-6āᅮН㄀1㉏
ᴤ᭭ⱘ⛁㝼㚔㋏᭄ALPX= 0.6 × 10− 5 DŽ
⫼ऩ‫ܗ‬ሎᇌᅮНੑҸĀESIZE,0.05ā䆒㕂ऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬ሎᇌ0.05mDŽ⫼㔥Ḑߦߚ䗝乍ੑҸ
ĀMSHKEY,1ā䆒㕂ऩ‫ܗ‬㔥Ḑߦߚ㉏ൟЎ᯴ᇘ㔥ḐDŽ⫼ߦߚ䴶ऩ‫ܗ‬ੑҸĀAMESH,ALLāᇚ
᠔᳝ㅵ䘧䴶ߦߚЎ໇ԧऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ
(5) ၽௐࠓ੦ࣖՇ࿌०խสྭၟ೯ۤ۠ၻd
⫼Ā/SOLUā䖯ܹ∖㾷῵ഫSOLUৢ ˈ⫼ ᅮ Н 㒓 Ϟ ԡ ⿏ 㑺 ᴳ ੑ Ҹ“DL,6,,UZ,0āˈ
“DL,7,,UZ,0āˈ“DL,8,,UZ,0ā੠“DL,9,,UZ,0āߚ߿ᅮНⳈ㒓ㅵᇍ⿄ԡ㕂ⱘ6,7,8,9ো㒓䕈৥
ԡ⿏೎ᅮᴵӊUZ=0DŽ
⫼ᅮН݇䬂⚍Ϟԡ⿏㑺ᴳੑҸĀDK,9,UY,0āˈ“DK,11,UY,0āˈ“DK,10,UX,0ā੠
“DK,12,UX,0āߚ߿ᅮНⳈ㒓ㅵᇍ⿄ԡ㕂ⱘ9,10,11,12ো݇䬂⚍ⱘԡ⿏ᴵӊDŽ
⫼ᅮН㒓Ϟᇍ⿄ԡ⿏ᴵӊੑҸĀDL,42,,SYMMāˈ“DL,45,,SYMMāˈ“DL,47,,SYMMā
੠“DL,49,,SYMMāߚ߿ᅮН㝼㚔ᔃㅵᇍ⿄ԡ㕂ߎ42,45,47,49ো㒓ⱘᇍ⿄ԡ⿏ᴵӊDŽ
⫼䴶Ϟ㸼䴶㥋䕑ᅮНੑҸ“SFA,ALL,1,PRESS,0.2E6āᇍ᠔᳝䴶ᅮН໻ᇣЎ0.2 MPaⱘ‫ݙ‬
य़㥋䕑DŽ⫼㡖⚍ഛࣔ⏽ᑺব࣪ੑҸĀTUNIF,80ā䆒㕂⏽ᑺछ催80ᑺˈҹᔶ៤⏽ᑺᑨ࡯DŽ᳔
ৢ⫼“SOLVEāᓔྟ䴭࡯ߚᵤⱘ∖㾷DŽ
(6) ၽ‫҉܊‬स੦ࣖᄯມವέ໹ۤ࿫ॏ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ڴ‬d
⫼Ā/POST1ā䖯ܹৢ໘⧚῵ഫPOST1ৢˈ⫼“SET,1ā䇏ܹ㄀1Ͼ㥋䕑ℹⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰDŽ
⫼೒ᔶᰒ⼎বᔶ೒ੑҸĀPLDISP,2āᰒ⼎ㅵ䘧বᔶ೒˄བ೒6.36᠔⼎˅ˈ೒Ёᰒ⼎㝼㚔ᔃ
ㅵⱘ᳔໻বᔶ䞣14.818mmDŽ
⫼೒ᔶᰒ⼎㡖⚍㒧ᵰੑҸĀPLNSOL,S,1ā೼೒ᔶにষᰒ⼎㒧⚍Ϟⱘ᳔໻ᢝᑨ࡯S1ⱘߚ
Ꮧ˄བ೒6.37᠔⼎˅ˈ೒Ёᰒ⼎᳔໻ᢝᑨ࡯48.4MPaߎ⦄೼ᔃㅵⱘᢤ㾦ϸջDŽ

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೒6.36 㝼㚔ᔃㅵ೼⏽ᑺ੠‫ݙ‬य़԰⫼ϟⱘবᔶ

೒6.37 㝼㚔ᔃㅵ೼⏽ᑺ੠‫ݙ‬य़԰⫼ϟⱘ᳔໻ᢝᑨ࡯ߚᏗ

⫼“PLNSOL,S,Zā೼೒ᔶにষᰒ⼎㒧⚍䕈৥ᑨ࡯SZⱘߚᏗ˄བ೒6.38᠔⼎˅DŽ೒Ёᰒ
⼎᳔໻ⱘ䕈৥ᑨ࡯38.6MPaгߎ⦄೼ᔃㅵⱘᢤ㾦ϸջDŽⳈ㒓䚼ߚⱘ䕈৥ᑨ࡯໻໻ϟ䰡ˈ໻㑺
䛑೼޴ϾMPAᎺেDŽ
(7) ‫ޙ‬സժϦԅ෗ॏd
⫼䗝ᢽ㡖⚍ੑҸĀNsel,S,LOC,Z,0ā䗮䖛ԡ㕂䗝ᢽZ=0ԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍DŽ⫼㡖⚍࡯∛ᘏੑҸ
ĀFSUMā㒳䅵∛ᘏ䗝ᢽ䲚Ё㡖⚍Ϟⱘড়࡯DŽᕫࠄབ೒6.39᠔⼎ⱘ㒧ᵰˈৃҹⳟߎˈে䖍ᬃ
ᑻϞⱘ䕈৥᥼࡯া᳝9.142kNˈা᳝ॳᴹⳈ㒓ㅵ䘧ⱘ1/100DŽ

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೒6.38 㝼㚔ᔃㅵ೼⏽ᑺ੠‫ݙ‬य़԰⫼ϟⱘ䕈৥ᑨ࡯ߚᏗ

೒6.39 ᳝㝼㚔ᔃㅵᰃ⏽ᑺᓩ䍋ッ䚼ⱘ䕈৥᥼࡯

3ˊANSYS⿟ᑣ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎҹࠡ῵ഫ
/CLEAR,NOSTART ! ⏙䰸‫ݙ‬ᄬЁⱘ᠔᭄᳝᥂,ϡ䇏ܹ߱ྟ࣪᭛ӊ
/FILENAME,EX6.4 ! ᅮНᎹ⿟᭛ӊৡ⿄
/TITLE,EX6.4, A sample to Generate Elbow by Extrude Operation.
! (1) ᅮНㅵ䘧䕈㒓Ϟⱘ݇䬂⚍ǃ㒓੠ㅵ䘧῾៾䴶೚,⊓ⴔㅵ䘧䕈㒓ᢝԌ೚⫳៤ㅵ䘧
/PREP7 ! 䖯ܹࠡ໘⧚῵ഫPREP7
/View,1,1,1,1 ! ᇚ1োにষⱘ㾚⚍ߛᤶࠄㄝ䕈⌟㾚⚍
K,1 ! ೼തᷛॳ⚍ᅮНԡѢㅵ䘧䕈㒓Ϟⱘ㄀1Ͼ݇䬂⚍
K,2,,,12 ! ೼(0,0,12m)ԡ㕂ᅮН㄀2Ͼ݇䬂⚍
K,3,,2.8,12 ! ೼(0,2.8m,12m)ԡ㕂ᅮН㄀3Ͼ݇䬂⚍
K,4,,2.8,13.5 ! ೼(0,2.8m,13.5m)ԡ㕂ᅮН㄀4Ͼ݇䬂⚍
! (2) 䖛݇䬂ᅮНㅵ䘧䕈㒓੠ᢤ㾦໘ⱘ‫צ‬೚
L,1,2 ! 䖛1ো݇䬂⚍੠2ো݇䬂⚍ᅮН㄀1ᴵ㒓
L,2,3 ! 䖛2ো݇䬂⚍੠3ো݇䬂⚍ᅮН㄀2ᴵ㒓

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L,3,4 ! 䖛31ো݇䬂⚍੠4ো݇䬂⚍ᅮН㄀1ᴵ㒓
Lfillt,1,2,0.6 ! ᅮН1ো㒓੠2ো㒓ⳌѸԡ㕂ञᕘЎ0.6mⱘ‫צ‬೚
Lfillt,2,3,0.6 ! ᅮН2ো㒓੠3ো㒓ⳌѸԡ㕂ञᕘЎ0.6mⱘ‫צ‬೚
! (3) ᅮНㅵ䘧῾៾䴶೚ˈ䗮䖛ᢝԌ䖭Ͼ೚⫳៤ㅵ䘧
K,21 ! ೼തᷛॳ⚍ᅮН㄀21ো݇䬂⚍
Circle,21,0.15 ! ҹ21ো݇䬂⚍Ў೚ᖗ,0.15mЎञᕘ԰೚,೚ᓻ㒓㓪োձ⃵ᰃ6,7,8,9
ADRAG,6,7,8,9,,,1,4,2,5,3 ! ᓔྟ⊓ࠡ䴶ᅮНⱘ䏃ᕘ1,4,2,5,3ো㒓⫼೚ᠿᦣᔶ៤ㅵ䘧
! (4)ᅮНऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟǃᅲᐌ᭄ǃᴤ᭭খ᭄੠ऩ‫ܗ‬ሎᇌৢ,ᇚㅵ䘧ߦߚЎ໇ԧऩ‫ܗ‬
ANTYPE,STATIC ! ᅮНߚᵤ㉏ൟЎ䴭࡯ߚᵤ
ET,1,SHELL63 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬Ў໇ऩ‫ܗ‬SHELL63
R,1,0.010 ! ᅮНऩ‫ⱘܗ‬㄀1㉏ᅲᐌ᭄:໇ԧऩ‫ܗ‬८ᑺ10mm
MP,EX,1,207E9 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EX=210 GPa
MP,NUXY,1,0.3 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨NUXY=0.3
MP,ALPX,1,6E-6 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⛁㝼㚔㋏᭄ALPX˙0.6E-5
ESIZE,0.06,0, ! ऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬ሎᇌ0.05m
MSHKEY,1 ! 䆒㕂ऩ‫ܗ‬㔥Ḑߦߚ㉏ൟЎ᯴ᇘ㔥Ḑ
AMESH,ALL ! ᇚ᠔᳝ㅵ䘧䴶ߦߚЎ໇ԧऩ‫ܗ‬
FINISH ! 䗔ߎࠡ໘⧚῵ഫ
! (5)೼∖㾷῵ഫᅮНϸ↉ԡ⿏㑺ᴳ੠㥋䕑
/SOLU ! 䖯ܹ∖㾷῵ഫSOLU
DL,6,,UZ,0 ! ᅮНⳈ㒓ㅵᇍ⿄ԡ㕂ⱘ6,7,8,9ো㒓䕈৥ԡ⿏೎ᅮᴵӊ
DL,7,,UZ,0
DL,8,,UZ,0
DL,9,,UZ,0
DK,9,UY,0 ! ᅮНⳈ㒓ㅵᇍ⿄ԡ㕂ⱘ9,10,11,12ো݇䬂⚍ⱘԡ⿏ᴵӊ
DK,11,UY,0
DK,10,UX,0
DK,12,UX,0
DL,42,,SYMM ! ᅮН㝼㚔ᔃㅵᇍ⿄ԡ㕂ߎ42,45,47,49ো㒓ⱘᇍ⿄ԡ⿏ᴵӊ
DL,45,,SYMM
DL,47,,SYMM
DL,49,,SYMM
SFA,ALL,1,PRESS,0.2E6 ! ᇍ᠔᳝䴶ᅮНय़࡯㥋䕑,໻ᇣЎ0.2 MPa
TUNIF,80 ! 䆒㕂⏽ᑺछ催80ᑺ,ᔶ៤⏽ᑺᑨ࡯
SOLVE ! ᓔྟ∖㾷
FINISH ! 䗔ߎ∖㾷῵ഫ
! (6)೼ৢ໘⧚῵ഫЁᰒ⼎বᔶ੠ᑨ࡯䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
/POST1 ! 䖯ܹৢ໘⧚῵ഫPOST1
SET,1 ! 䇏ܹ㄀1Ͼ㥋䕑ℹⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
PLDISP,1 ! ᰒ⼎বᔶ೒
PLNSOL,S,1 ! ೼೒ᔶにষᰒ⼎㒧⚍ϞⱘЏᑨ࡯
PLNSOL,S,Z ! ೼೒ᔶにষᰒ⼎㒧⚍Ϟⱘ䕈৥ᑨ࡯
! (7)䅵ㅫッ䚼ⱘ᥼࡯
Nsel,S,LOC,Z,0 ! 䗮䖛ԡ㕂䗝ᢽZ=0ԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍

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FSUM ! 㒳䅵∛ᘏ㡖⚍Ϟⱘড়࡯
FINISH ! 䗔ߎৢ໘⧚῵ഫ

3ˊ≵᳝㝼㚔ᔃㅵⱘⳈ㒓ㅵ䘧೼⏽ᑺ੠‫ݙ‬य़԰⫼ϟⱘᑨ࡯䅵ㅫ

ᇚϞ䴶⿟ᑣЁⱘᔃㅵᅮН䚼ߚএᥝˈᕜᆍᯧ䅵ㅫⳈ㒓ㅵ䘧೼⏽ᑺ੠‫ݙ‬य़㥋䕑԰⫼ϟⱘ
ᑨ࡯ᚙ‫މ‬DŽ⫼ϟ䴶⿟ᑣˈ䅵ㅫᕫࠄⳈ㒓ㅵ䘧೼80ᑺछ⏽੠0.2MPaⱘ‫ݙ‬य़԰⫼ϟˈ᳔໻ᢝᑨ
࡯ߚᏗབ೒6.40᠔⼎DŽ೒Ёᰒ⼎᳔໻ⱘ⦃৥ᢝᑨ࡯Ў2.83MPaˈ੠⧚䆎ؐ2.90MPaˈ䇃Ꮒা
᳝2.4%DŽ

೒6.40 ≵᳝㝼㚔ᔃㅵⱘⳈ㒓ㅵ䘧೼⏽ᑺ੠‫ݙ‬य़԰⫼ϟⱘ᳔໻ᢝᑨ࡯ߚᏗ

䕈৥ᑨ࡯ߚᏗབ೒6.41᠔⼎DŽ೒Ёᰒ⼎᳔໻ⱘ䕈৥ᑨ࡯99.9MPaߎ⦄೼ᭈϾⳈ㒓ㅵ䘧DŽ
䕈৥ᑨ࡯䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ੠⧚䆎ؐ99.36MPaˈ䇃ᏂЎ0.54%DŽ

೒6.41 ≵᳝㝼㚔ᔃㅵⱘⳈ㒓ㅵ䘧೼⏽ᑺ੠‫ݙ‬य़԰⫼ϟ䕈৥ᑨ࡯ߚᏗ

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⫼䕈৥࡯∛ᘏੑҸᕫࠄⳈ㒓ㅵ䘧བ೒6.42᠔⼎ⱘ∛ᘏ㒧ᵰDŽℸᯊッ䚼ⱘᘏ᥼࡯໻㑺ㄝ
Ѣ935.66kNˈ੠⧚䆎ؐ936kNⱘ䇃Ꮒা᳝0.036%DŽ

೒6.42 ≵᳝㝼㚔ᔃㅵⱘⳈ㒓ㅵ䘧೼⏽ᑺ੠‫ݙ‬य़԰⫼ϟ䕈৥᥼࡯

4ˊANSYS⿟ᑣ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎҹࠡ῵ഫ
/CLEAR,NOSTART ! ⏙䰸‫ݙ‬ᄬЁⱘ᠔᭄᳝᥂,ϡ䇏ܹ߱ྟ࣪᭛ӊ
/FILENAME,EX6.4a ! ᅮНᎹ⿟᭛ӊৡ⿄
/TITLE,EX6.4a, A Straight Pipe by Extrude Operation under Thermal load.
! (1) ᅮНㅵ䘧䕈㒓Ϟⱘ݇䬂⚍ǃ㒓੠ㅵ䘧῾៾䴶೚,⊓ⴔㅵ䘧䕈㒓ᢝԌ೚⫳៤ㅵ䘧
/PREP7 ! 䖯ܹࠡ໘⧚῵ഫPREP7
/View,1,1,1,1 ! ᇚ1োにষⱘ㾚⚍ߛᤶࠄㄝ䕈⌟㾚⚍
K,1 ! ೼തᷛॳ⚍ᅮНԡѢㅵ䘧䕈㒓Ϟⱘ㄀1Ͼ݇䬂⚍
K,2,,,13.5 ! ೼(0,0,13.5m)ԡ㕂ᅮН㄀2Ͼ݇䬂⚍
! (2) 䖛݇䬂⚍ᅮНㅵ䘧䕈㒓੠ᢤ㾦໘ⱘ‫צ‬೚
L,1,2 ! 䖛1ো݇䬂⚍੠2ো݇䬂⚍ᅮН㄀1ᴵ㒓
! (3) ᅮНㅵ䘧῾៾䴶೚ˈ䗮䖛ᢝԌ䖭Ͼ೚⫳៤ㅵ䘧
K,21 ! ೼തᷛॳ⚍ᅮН㄀21ো݇䬂⚍
Circle,21,0.15 ! ҹ21ো݇䬂⚍Ў೚ᖗ,0.15mЎञᕘ԰೚,೚ᓻ㒓㓪োձ⃵ᰃ6,7,8,9
ADRAG,2,3,4,5,,,1 ! ᓔྟ⊓ࠡ䴶ᅮНⱘ䏃ᕘ1,4,2,5,3ো㒓⫼೚ᠿᦣᔶ៤ㅵ䘧
! (4)ᅮНऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟǃᅲᐌ᭄ǃᴤ᭭খ᭄੠ऩ‫ܗ‬ሎᇌৢ,ᇚㅵ䘧ߦߚЎ໇ԧऩ‫ܗ‬
ANTYPE,STATIC ! ᅮНߚᵤ㉏ൟЎ䴭࡯ߚᵤ
ET,1,SHELL63 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬Ў໇ऩ‫ܗ‬SHELL63
R,1,0.010 ! ᅮНऩ‫ⱘܗ‬㄀1㉏ᅲᐌ᭄:໇ԧऩ‫ܗ‬८ᑺ10mm
MP,EX,1,210E9 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EX=210 GPa
MP,NUXY,1,0.3 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨NUXY=0.3
MP,ALPX,1,6E-6 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⛁㝼㚔㋏᭄ALPX˙0.6E-5
ESIZE,0.06,0, ! ऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬ሎᇌ0.06m
MSHKEY,1 ! 䆒㕂ऩ‫ܗ‬㔥Ḑߦߚ㉏ൟЎ᯴ᇘ㔥Ḑ
AMESH,ALL ! ᇚ᠔᳝ㅵ䘧䴶ߦߚЎ໇ԧऩ‫ܗ‬
FINISH ! 䗔ߎࠡ໘⧚῵ഫ
! (5)೼∖㾷῵ഫᅮНϸ↉ԡ⿏㑺ᴳ੠㥋䕑
/SOLU ! 䖯ܹ∖㾷῵ഫSOLU
DL,2,,UZ,0 ! ᅮНⳈ㒓ㅵᇍ⿄ԡ㕂䕈৥ⱘ2,3,4,5ো㒓೎ᅮᴵӊ
DL,3,,UZ,0
DL,4,,UZ,0

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DL,5,,UZ,0
DK,3,UY,0 ! ᅮНⳈ㒓ㅵᇍ⿄ԡ㕂ⱘ3,4,5,6ো݇䬂⚍೎ᅮᴵӊ
DK,5,UY,0
DK,4,UX,0
DK,6,UX,0
DL,6,,SYMM ! ᅮНॳᴹ㝼㚔ᔃㅵᇍ⿄ԡ㕂໘ⱘ6,9,11,13ো㒓ᇍ⿄ԡ⿏ᴵӊ
DL,9,,SYMM
DL,11,,SYMM
DL,13,,SYMM
SFA,ALL,1,PRESS,0.2E6 ! ᇍ᠔᳝䴶ᅮНय़࡯㥋䕑,໻ᇣЎ0.2 MPa
TUNIF,80 ! 䆒㕂⏽ᑺछ催80ᑺ,ᔶ៤⏽ᑺᑨ࡯
SOLVE ! ᓔྟ∖㾷
FINISH ! 䗔ߎ∖㾷῵ഫ
! (6)೼ৢ໘⧚῵ഫЁᰒ⼎বᔶ੠ᑨ࡯䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
/POST1 ! 䖯ܹৢ໘⧚῵ഫPOST1
SET,1 ! 䇏ܹ㄀1Ͼ㥋䕑ℹⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
PLDISP,2 ! ᰒ⼎বᔶ೒
PLNSOL,S,1 ! ೼೒ᔶにষᰒ⼎㒧⚍ϞⱘЏᑨ࡯
PLNSOL,S,Z ! ೼೒ᔶにষᰒ⼎㒧⚍Ϟⱘ䕈৥ᑨ࡯
! (7)䅵ㅫッ䚼ⱘ᥼࡯
Nsel,S,LOC,Z,0 ! 䗮䖛ԡ㕂䗝ᢽZ=0ԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍
FSUM ! 㒳䅵㡖⚍Ϟⱘড়࡯
FINISH ! 䗔ߎৢ໘⧚῵ഫ

6.5 ϸッㅔᬃᓔষ᷅໇೼㞾䞡԰⫼ϟⱘ䴭࡯ߚᵤ

䭓ᑺl=50mˈ८ᑺt=0.25mˈञᕘr=25mˈᆚᑺµ=36.7347kg/m3 ⱘᓔষ೚᷅ᔶሟ䴶ˈ೼
ϸッ⬅๭ᬃᡓˈ᠔ᇍᑨⱘ೚ᖗ㾦¬=40e ˄བ೒6.43᠔⼎˅DŽᏆⶹᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣E=432MPaˈ
2
⊞ᵒ↨°=0ˈ䞡࡯ࡴ䗳ᑺপg=9.8m/s ˈ䆩߽⫼8㡖⚍໇ऩ‫ܗ‬SHELL93ˈ⹂ᅮሟ䴶Ё䚼 A, B ϸ
⚍ⱘԡ⿏੠ᑨ࡯DŽ
Y
B
4
X
Z
㞾⬅䖍
B ᇍ⿄䖍
A
ᇍ⿄䖍
2
A
t= 0.25m
l =50m
3
g

? = 40e r=25m

೒6.43 㞾䞡԰⫼ϟ᷅໇䴭࡯ߚᵤⱘ䅵ㅫ῵ൟ ೒6.44 ᷅໇䴭࡯ߚᵤⱘ1/4᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟ

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 ㄀ゴᵓⱘᔃ᳆੠໇ԧ䅵ㅫ

1ˊANSYSߚᵤ

ḍ᥂੠䕑㥋޴ԩᔶ⢊ⱘᇍ⿄ᗻˈ䖭䞠ৃҹՓ⫼1/4῵ൟDŽ೼ሟ䴶ⱘッ䚼ৃҹ㑺ᴳUX੠
UYԡ⿏ˈ㒩㒉৥Z䕈ⱘ䕀ࡼROTZˈҹ῵ᢳሟ䴶ッ䚼๭ԧⱘ㑺ᴳDŽᣝ✻೒6.44᠔⼎ⱘ1ˋ4
᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟˈ߽⫼ϟ䴶ℹ偸ˈᅠ៤䆹ሟ䴶೼㞾䞡԰⫼ϟⱘᑨ࡯ߚᵤDŽ
(1) ಁᄢٝё༪ົē‫ד‬๥फ໸cಬШ೴cϫॸϵ೴d
⫼ߚᵤ㉏ൟᅮНੑҸ“ANTYPE,STATICāᅮНߚᵤ㉏ൟЎ䴭࡯ߚᵤDŽ⫼ऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟᅮН
ੑҸ“ET,1,SHELL93āᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬ᰃ8㡖⚍໇ऩ‫ܗ‬SHELL93DŽ
⫼ ᅲ ᐌ ᭄ ᅮ Н ੑ Ҹ Ā R,1,0.25 ā ᅮ Н ໇ ԧ ८ ᑺ Ў 0.25m DŽ ⫼ ᴤ ᭭ খ ᭄ ᅮ Н ੑ Ҹ
ĀMP,EX,1,4.32E8āᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EX=432 MPaˈ⫼ĀMP,NUXY,1,0.0āᅮН㄀
1 ㉏ ᴤ ᭭ ⱘ ⊞ ᵒ ↨ NUXY=0.0 ˈ ⫼ Ā MP,DENS,1,36.7347 ā ᅮ Н ㄀ 1 ㉏ ᴤ ᭭ ⱘ ᆚ ᑺ
3
DENS=36.7347 kg/m DŽ
(2) ၽᅘᆵγຂຏՇ࿌‫ߏڑ‬Ԥēᅘੋωճୣࠩ໻Ӧ၍‫דܣ‬d
⫼തᷛ㋏ᅮНੑҸĀCSYS,1āߛᤶതᷛ㋏ࠄ᷅തᷛ㋏DŽ⫼݇䬂⚍ᅮНੑҸĀK,1,25,50ā
೼തᷛ(25m,50ᑺ)ᅮН㄀1Ͼ݇䬂⚍ˈ⫼“ K,2,25,50,25ā೼തᷛ(25m,50ᑺ,25m)ᅮН㄀2Ͼ݇
䬂⚍DŽ⫼݇䬂⚍⫳៤ੑҸ“ KGEN,2,1,2,1,,40āᕾ⦃2⃵ˈᣝ✻1ো㡖⚍ࠄ2ো㡖⚍㣗ೈˈ㾦ᑺ
തᷛ๲䞣40ᑺˈ⫳៤3,4ো㡖⚍DŽ
⫼ᅮН䴶ੑҸĀA,1,3,4,2ā䖛݇䬂⚍1,3,4੠2ᅮН᷅䴶DŽ⫼ऩ‫ܗ‬ሎᇌᅮНੑҸĀESIZE,,4ā
ᅮНऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬ሎᇌЎߚЎ4↉DŽ⫼䴶ऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬ੑҸĀAMESH,1āᇍ1ো䴶ᠻ㸠䴶ऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬DŽ
߽⫼䖭ѯℹ偸ᕫࠄབ೒6.45᠔⼎ⱘ䅵ㅫ῵ൟDŽ

೒6.45 ⫼㞾ϟ㗠Ϟⱘᓎ῵ᮍ⊩ᓎゟⱘ᷅໇ሟ䴶1/4᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟ

(3) ༪႔ճыΨ࠘౨ԅԤēಠަճыΨ࠘ඨߑēճժϦΨ࠘Ԥಠަச඘ၟ೯d
⫼തᷛ㋏ᅮНੑҸ ĀCSYS,0āߛᤶതᷛ㋏ࠄᭈԧⳈ㾦തᷛ㋏DŽ⫼䗝ᢽ㡖⚍ੑҸ
“NSEL,S,LOC,Xā䗝ᢽԡѢX=0ԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍DŽ⫼ᇍ⿄ԡ⿏㑺ᴳੑҸĀDSYM,SYMM,Xāᇍ
䗝ᢽ䲚Ёⱘ᠔᳝㡖⚍ᮑࡴ݇ѢX䕈(YZᑇ䴶)ⱘᇍ⿄ԡ⿏ᴵӊDŽ

276
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

⫼䗝ᢽ㡖⚍ੑҸĀNSEL,S,LOC,Zā䗝ᢽԡѢZ=0ԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍ˈ⫼“DSYM,SYMM,Zāᇍ
䗝ᢽ䲚Ёⱘ᠔᳝㡖⚍ᮑࡴ݇ѢZ䕈(XYᑇ䴶)ⱘᇍ⿄ԡ⿏ᴵӊDŽ
⫼“NSEL,S,LOC,Z,25ā䗝ᢽԡѢZ=25mԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍ˈ⫼“D,ALL,UX,0,,,,UY,ROTZā㑺
ᴳZ=25mԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍ⱘUXˈUY੠ROTZ㞾⬅ᑺDŽ⫼ĀNSEL,ALLā䗝ᢽ᠔᳝㡖⚍DŽ
಴Ў㽕ߚᵤ䞡࡯㥋䕑ᇍ㒧ᵘⱘ԰⫼ˈ᳔ৢ䳔㽕⫼ᅮНࡴ䗳ᑺੑҸ“ ACEL,,9.8āᅮНY
2
ᮍ৥ⱘ䞡࡯ࡴ䗳ᑺACEL=9.8 m/s DŽᮑࡴԡ⿏㑺ᴳ੠䞡࡯ࡴ䗳ᑺ㥋䕑ⱘ῵ൟব៤བ೒6.46᠔
⼎ⱘḋᄤDŽ೒6.46Ё⊓ⴔYതᷛ䕈ᮍ৥ⱘ㑶㡆ㆁ༈ˈ㸼⼎䞡࡯ࡴ䗳ᑺ㥋䕑DŽ

೒6.46 ᮑࡴԡ⿏㑺ᴳ੠䞡࡯ࡴ䗳ᑺⱘ᷅໇ሟ䴶1/4᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟ

(4) ࠩదௐࠓ੦ࣖௐࠓd
(5) ࠩద‫҉܊‬स੦ࣖඔ௜‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ڴ‬d
⫼Ā/POST1ā䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫৢˈ⫼㡖⚍ᢽੑҸĀNSEL,S,NODE,,1,2,1ā䗝ᢽA
⚍੠B⚍ԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍1੠2ˈᑊ⫼䗝ᢽऩ‫ܗ‬ੑҸĀESLN,Sā䗝ᢽࣙ৿1ো㡖⚍੠2ো㡖⚍ⱘऩ
‫ܗ‬DŽ⫼߫㸼ᰒ⼎㒧⚍㒧ᵰੑҸ“PRNSOL,U,COMPā߫㸼ᰒ⼎ԡ⿏䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰঞ݊ড়៤ԡ⿏㒧
ᵰˈᕫࠄབ೒6.47᠔⼎ⱘ㡖⚍ԡ⿏䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰDŽ

೒6.47 ᷅໇ሟ䴶Ϟ1ো੠2ো㡖⚍ⱘԡ⿏䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ

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⫼ᦤপ㒧ᵰੑҸĀ*GET,UYA,NODE,1,U,Yāᦤপ1ো㡖⚍(A⚍ԡ㕂)ⱘYᮍ৥ԡ⿏UYˈ
ᑊֱᄬࠄব䞣UYADŽ⫼Ā*GET,UXA,NODE,1,U,Xāᦤপ1ো㡖⚍ⱘXᮍ৥ԡ⿏UXˈᑊֱᄬ
ࠄব䞣UXADŽ
(6) ၽᅘᆵγຂຏມವēඔ௜‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ڴ‬d
⫼ᅮН㒧ᵰതᷛ㋏ੑҸĀRSYS,1āᇚ㒧ᵰതᷛ㋏ߛᤶࠄ᷅തᷛ㋏ϟˈ⫼“SHELL,TOPā
䗝ᢽ໇ԧⱘϞ㸼䴶԰Ў䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ䕧ߎԡ㕂DŽ⫼߫㸼ᰒ⼎㒧⚍㒧ᵰੑҸĀPRNSOL,S,COMPā
߫㸼ᰒ⼎ᑨ࡯ߚ䞣䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰˈᕫࠄབ೒6.48᠔⼎ⱘ໇ԧϞ㸼䴶㡖⚍ᑨ࡯䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰDŽ

೒6.48 ᷅໇ሟ䴶໇ԧϞ㸼䴶㡖⚍ᑨ࡯䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ

⫼ᦤপ㒧ᵰੑҸĀ*GET,SIGZ_TOP,NODE,1,S,Zāᦤপ1ো㡖⚍˄A⚍ԡ㕂˅ⱘZᮍ৥ᑨ
࡯SZˈᑊֱᄬࠄব䞣SIGZ_TOPDŽ⫼“*GET,SIGY_TOP,NODE,2,S,Yāᦤপ2ো㡖⚍˄B⚍ԡ
㕂˅ⱘYᮍ৥ᑨ࡯SYˈֱᄬࠄব䞣SIGY_TOPDŽ
(7) ඔ௜ࢴ඘ຏζੋԅ࿫ॏ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ڴ‬d
⫼ĀSHELL,BOTā䗝ᢽ໇ԧⱘϟ㸼䴶԰Ў䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ䕧ߎԡ㕂DŽ⫼“PRNSOL,S,COMPā
߫㸼ᰒ⼎ᑨ࡯ߚ䞣䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰˈᕫࠄབ೒6.49᠔⼎ⱘ໇ԧϟ㸼䴶㡖⚍ᑨ࡯䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰDŽ

೒6.49 ᷅໇ሟ䴶໇ԧϟ㸼䴶㡖⚍ᑨ࡯䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ

278
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

⫼“*GET,SIGZ_BOT,NODE,1,S,Zāᦤপ1ো㡖⚍˄A⚍ԡ㕂˅ⱘZᮍ৥ᑨ࡯SZˈᑊֱᄬ
ࠄব䞣SIGZ_BOTDŽ⫼“*GET,SIGY_BOT,NODE,2,S,Yāᦤপ2ো㡖⚍˄B⚍ԡ㕂˅ⱘYᮍ৥
ᑨ࡯SYˈᑊֱᄬࠄব䞣SIGY_BOTDŽ⫼ĀUtility -> Parameters -> Scalar Parametersāৃҹⳟ
ࠄࠡ䴶޴⃵Ā*GETāੑҸֱᄬⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ˄བ೒6.50᠔⼎˅DŽ

೒6.50 ֱᄬ೼‫ݙ‬ᄬব䞣Ёⱘ᷅໇ሟ䴶ԡ⿏੠ᑨ࡯䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ

(8) Շ࿌೴ᆦēߜ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ͬڴ‬ӉӾ೴ᆦē௶‫ߜ܊‬೴ᆦઝఘ೛ѻԅ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ڴ‬ำߑd

2ˊANSYS⿟ᑣ

FINISH ! 䗔ߎҹࠡ῵ഫ
/CLEAR,NOSTART ! ⏙䰸᭄᥂,ϡࡴ䕑߱ྟ࣪᭛ӊ
! (1)䆒㕂Ꮉ⿟䗝乍ǃߚᵤ㉏ൟǃᅲᐌ᭄ǃᴤ᭭খ᭄
/FileName,EX6.5 ! ᅮНᎹ⿟᭛ӊৡ⿄
/PREP7 ! ࡴ䕑ࠡ໘⧚῵ഫ
smrt,off ! ݇䯁ᱎ㛑࣪㔥Ḑࡳ㛑
/TITLE, EX6.7, BARREL VAULT ROOF UNDER SELF-WEIGHT
/COM, REF: COOK, CONCEPTS AND APPL. OF F.E.A., 2ND ED., 1981, PP. 284-287.
ANTYPE,STATIC ! ᅮНߚᵤ㉏ൟЎ䴭࡯ߚᵤ
ET,1,SHELL93 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬ᰃ8㡖⚍໇ऩ‫ܗ‬SHELL93
R,1,0.25 ! ᅮН໇ԧ८ᑺЎ0.25m
MP,EX,1,4.32E8 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EX ˙ 432 MPa
MP,NUXY,1,0.0 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨NUXY˙0.0
MP,DENS,1,36.7347 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᆚᑺDENS ˙ 36.7347 kg/m^3
! (2)೼᷅തᷛ㋏ϟᅮН݇䬂⚍ǃ᷅䴶ᑊᇍ݊䖯㸠ऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬
CSYS,1 ! ߛᤶതᷛ㋏ࠄ᷅തᷛ㋏
K,1,25,50 ! ೼തᷛ(25m,50ᑺ)ᅮН㄀1Ͼ݇䬂⚍
K,2,25,50,25 ! ೼തᷛ(25m,50ᑺ,25m)ᅮН㄀2Ͼ݇䬂⚍
KGEN,2,1,2,1,,40 ! ᕾ⦃2⃵,ᣝ✻1ো㡖⚍ࠄ2ো㡖⚍㣗ೈ,㾦ᑺതᷛ๲䞣40ᑺ,⫳៤3,4㡖⚍
A,1,3,4,2 ! 䖛݇䬂⚍1,3,4੠2ᅮН᷅䴶
ESIZE,,4 ! ᅮНऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬ሎᇌЎߚЎ4↉

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/View,1,1,1,1 ! ᇚにষ1ⱘ㾚⚍ߛᤶࠄㄝ䕈⌟ᮍ৥
AMESH,1 ! ᇍ1ো䴶ᠻ㸠䴶ऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬
! (3)䗝ᢽᇍ⿄䖍⬠Ϟⱘ⚍,ᮑࡴᇍ⿄䖍⬠ᴵӊ,ᇍッ䚼䖍⬠⚍ᮑࡴ๭ԧ㑺ᴳ
CSYS,0 ! ߛᤶതᷛ㋏ࠄᭈԧⳈ㾦തᷛ㋏
NSEL,S,LOC,X ! 䗝ᢽԡѢX˙0ԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍
DSYM,SYMM,X ! ᇍ䗝ᢽ䲚Ёⱘ᠔᳝㡖⚍ᮑࡴ݇ѢX䕈(YZᑇ䴶)ⱘᇍ⿄ԡ⿏ᴵӊ
NSEL,S,LOC,Z ! 䗝ᢽԡѢZ˙0ԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍
DSYM,SYMM,Z ! ᇍ䗝ᢽ䲚Ёⱘ᠔᳝㡖⚍ᮑࡴ݇ѢZ䕈(XYᑇ䴶)ⱘᇍ⿄ԡ⿏ᴵӊ
NSEL,S,LOC,Z,25 ! 䗝ᢽԡѢZ˙25mԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍
D,ALL,UX,0,,,,UY,ROTZ ! 㑺ᴳZ˙25mԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍ⱘUX,UY੠ROTZ㞾⬅ᑺ
NSEL,ALL ! 䗝ᢽ᠔᳝㡖⚍
ACEL,,9.8 ! ᅮНYᮍ৥ⱘ䞡࡯ࡴ䗳ᑺACEL˙9.8 m/s2
FINISH ! 䗔ߎࠡ໘⧚῵ഫPREP7
! (4)䖯ܹ∖㾷῵ഫ∖㾷
/SOLU ! ࡴ䕑∖㾷῵ഫ
SOLVE ! ᓔྟ䴭࡯ߚᵤⱘ∖㾷
FINISH ! 䗔ߎ∖㾷῵ഫSOLU
! (5)䖯ܹৢ໘⧚῵ഫᦤপ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
/POST1 ! 䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
NSEL,S,NODE,,1,2,1 ! 䗝ᢽϞ䴶A⚍੠B⚍ԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍1੠2
ESLN,S ! 䗝ᢽࣙ৿1ো㡖⚍੠2ো㡖⚍ⱘऩ‫ܗ‬
PRNSOL,U,COMP ! ߫㸼ᰒ⼎ԡ⿏䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰঞ݊ড়៤ԡ⿏㒧ᵰ
*GET,UYA,NODE,1,U,Y ! ᦤপ1ো㡖⚍ⱘYᮍ৥ԡ⿏UY,ᑊֱᄬࠄব䞣UYA
*GET,UXA,NODE,1,U,X ! ᦤপ1ো㡖⚍ⱘXᮍ৥ԡ⿏UX,ᑊֱᄬࠄব䞣UXA
! (6)೼᷅തᷛ㋏ϟᰒ⼎,ᦤপ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
RSYS,1 ! ᇚ㒧ᵰതᷛ㋏ߛᤶࠄ᷅തᷛ㋏ϟ
SHELL,TOP ! 䗝ᢽ໇ԧⱘϞ㸼䴶԰Ў䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ䕧ߎᇍ䈵
PRNSOL,S,COMP ! ߫㸼ᰒ⼎ᑨ࡯ߚ䞣䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
*GET,SIGZ_TOP,NODE,1,S,Z ! ᦤপ1ো㡖⚍ⱘZᮍ৥ᑨ࡯SZ,ᑊֱᄬࠄব䞣SIGZ_TOP
*GET,SIGY_TOP,NODE,2,S,Y ! ᦤপ2ো㡖⚍ⱘYᮍ৥ᑨ࡯SY,ᑊֱᄬࠄব䞣SIGY_TOP
! (7)ᦤপ໇ԧϟ㸼䴶ⱘᑨ࡯䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
SHELL,BOT ! 䗝ᢽ໇ԧⱘϟ㸼䴶԰Ў䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ䕧ߎᇍ䈵
PRNSOL,S,COMP ! ߫㸼ᰒ⼎ᑨ࡯ߚ䞣䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
*GET,SIGZ_BOT,NODE,1,S,Z ! ᦤপ1ো㡖⚍ⱘZᮍ৥ᑨ࡯SZ,ᑊֱᄬࠄব䞣SIGZ_BOT
*GET,SIGY_BOT,NODE,2,S,Y ! ᦤপ2ো㡖⚍ⱘYᮍ৥ᑨ࡯SY,ᑊֱᄬࠄব䞣SIGY_BOT
! (8)ᅮН᭄㒘,ᇚ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰֱᄬࠄ᭄㒘,✊ৢᇚ᭄㒘‫ݙ‬ᆍ䕧ߎⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ᭛ӊ
*DIM,LABEL,CHAR,6,2 ! ᅮН6*2ᄫヺൟ᭄㒘LABEL
*DIM,VALUE,,6,3 ! ᅮН6*3᭄ؐൟ᭄㒘VALUE
LABEL(1,1) = 'UYA ','UXA ','SIGZ, TO','SIGZ, BO','SIGTH,TO','SIGTH,BO'
LABEL(1,2) = ' (m)',' (m)','P_A (Pa)','T_A (Pa)','P_B (Pa)','T_B (Pa)'
*VFILL,VALUE(1,1),DATA,-0.3019,-0.1593,215570,340700,191230,-218740
*VFILL,VALUE(1,2),DATA,UYA,UXA,SIGZ_TOP,SIGZ_BOT,SIGY_TOP,SIGY_BOT
*VFILL,VALUE(1,3),DATA,ABS(UYA/0.3019),ABS(UXA/0.1593),ABS(SIGZ_TOP/215570)

280
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

*VFILL,VALUE(4,3),DATA,ABS(SIGZ_BOT/340700),ABS(SIGY_TOP/191230),ABS(SIGY_BOT
/218740)
/COM
/OUT, EX6_5, out ! ᇚ䕧ߎ‫ݙ‬ᆍ䞡ᅮ৥ࠄ᭛ӊEX6_7.out
/COM,------------------- EX6.5 RESULTS COMPARISON ---------------
/COM,
/COM, | TARGET | ANSYS | RATIO
/COM,
*VWRITE,LABEL(1,1),LABEL(1,2),VALUE(1,1),VALUE(1,2),VALUE(1,3)
(1X,A8,A8,' ',F12.4,' ',F12.4,' ',1F5.3)
/COM,-----------------------------------------------------------
/OUT ! 㒧ᴳ᭄᥂䞡ᅮ৥ˈ݇䯁䕧ߎ᭛ӊ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
*LIST, EX6_5, out ! ߫㸼ᰒ⼎᭛ӊEX6_5.outⱘ‫ݙ‬ᆍ

3ˊ㒧ᵰ䅼䆎

߽⫼Ϟ䴶⿟ᑣ䅵ㅫᕫࠄབ㸼6.4᠔⼎ⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰˈ੠খ㗗᭛⤂[6]:112Ϟ33ᓣⱘؐⳌ↨ˈ
ϸ㗙ⱘਏড়䴲ᐌདDŽ
㸼6.4 ϸッㅔᬃᓔষ᷅໇೼㞾䞡԰⫼ϟⱘ䴭࡯ߚᵤ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
᭛ ⤂ ؐ Ansysؐ ↨ ؐ
A⚍オ৥ԡ⿏UYA (m) 0.3019 0.3029 1.003
A⚍∈ᑇԡ⿏UXA (m) 0.1593 0.1598 1.003
A⚍Ϟ㸼䴶Zᮍ৥䕈৥ᑨ࡯SIGZ (Pa) 215570 216057 1.002
A⚍ϟ㸼䴶Zᮍ৥䕈৥ᑨ࡯SIGZ (Pa) 340700 341439 1.002
B⚍Ϟ㸼䴶Yᮍ৥⦃৥ᑨ࡯SIGTH (Pa) 191230 190666 0.997
B⚍Ϟ㸼䴶Yᮍ৥⦃৥ᑨ࡯SIGTH (Pa) 218740 219515 1.004

6.6 ೚ㄦ೼ϔᇍ῾৥䲚Ё࡯԰⫼ϟⱘবᔶ
䭓ᑺl=262.885mmˈञᕘr=125.8mmˈ८ᑺt=2.3876mmⱘ㭘ຕ೚ㄦˈЁ䚼᳝ϔᇍ⊓ⴔⳈ
ᕘᮍ৥ⱘय़࡯F=444.83N԰⫼˄བ೒6.51᠔⼎˅DŽᏆⶹᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣E=72.4GPaˈ⊞ᵒ↨
°=0.3125ˈ䆩߽⫼8㡖⚍໇ऩ‫ܗ‬SHELL93੠8㡖⚍㞾䗖ᑨ㒧ᵘ໇ऩ‫ܗ‬SHELL150ˈ⹂ᅮ࡯ⱘ
԰⫼⚍໘⊓ⴔⳈᕘᮍ৥ѻ⫳ⱘԡ⿏ˈ೚᷅ⱘϸッ䖍⬠໘㞾⬅DŽ

1ˊANSYSߚᵤ

⬅Ѣ῵ൟ݇Ѣ䲚Ё࡯԰⫼ԡ㕂ⱘϞϟY䕈ˈᎺেX䕈੠ࠡৢZ䕈ᇍ⿄ˈ᠔ҹৃҹা៾প
1/8῵ൟ䖯㸠ߚᵤ˄೒6.52˅ˈԚᮑࡴ೼ᇍ⿄䖍⬠⚍Ϟⱘ䲚Ё࡯㥋䕑ব៤1/4ˈ㗠ϡᰃ1/8DŽᓎ
ゟ῵ൟ೼᷅തᷛ㋏ϟ↨䕗ᮍ֓ˈԚᰃᇍ⿄ԡ⿏㑺ᴳ೼Ⳉ㾦തᷛ㋏ᮍ֓DŽ䗝ᢽ䲚Ё࡯԰⫼ԡ
㕂ⱘ㡖⚍ˈ䖭ϸ⾡തᷛ㋏䛑↨䕗ᮍ֓DŽϟ䴶㒭ߎᅠ៤ߚᵤⱘℹ偸੠䇈ᯢDŽ

281
 ㄀ゴᵓⱘᔃ᳆੠໇ԧ䅵ㅫ

F
=111.21N
4

l =263mm

F
l l
2 2

r=126mm
Z

r=126mm l
=131.5mm
t=2.3876mm 2
F=444.83N

೒6.51 ೚ㄦ೼῾৥䲚Ё࡯԰⫼ϟⱘ䅵ㅫ῵ൟ ೒6.52 ῾৥䲚Ё࡯԰⫼ϟⱘ೚ㄦ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟ

(1) ಁᄢٝё༪ົc‫ד‬๥फ໸cಬ+Ш೴cϫॸϵ೴d
⫼ߚᵤ㉏ൟᅮНੑҸĀANTYPE,STATICāᅮНߚᵤ㉏ൟЎ䴭࡯ߚᵤDŽ⫼ऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟᅮ
НੑҸ“ET,1,SHELL93āᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬Ў8㡖⚍㒧ᵘ໇ԧऩ‫ܗ‬SHELL93DŽ
⫼ᅲᐌ᭄ᅮНੑҸ“R,,2.3876āᅮН໇ԧऩ‫ܗ‬८ᑺ 2.3876mm DŽ⫼ᴤ᭭খ᭄ᅮНੑҸ
ĀMP,EX,,72.4E3āᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EX=72.4GPaˈ⫼ĀMP,NUXY,,0.3125āᅮН㄀
1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨NUXY=0.3125DŽ
(2) ၽᅘᆵγຂຏՇ࿌‫ߏڑ‬Ԥcᅘੋωճୣࠩ໻Ӧ၍‫דܣ‬d
ᣝ✻೒6.52᠔⼎ⱘ1/8῵ൟ੠Ϟ䴶ⱘ4Ͼ݇䬂⚍ԡ㕂DŽ⫼ᅮНതᷛ㋏ੑҸĀCSYS,1āߛ
ᤶതᷛ㋏ࠄ᷅തᷛ㋏DŽ⫼ᅮН݇䬂⚍ੑҸ“ K,1,126ā೼തᷛ(126mm,0,0)໘ᅮН㄀1Ͼ݇䬂⚍ˈ
⫼ “ K,2,126,,131.5 ā೼ ത ᷛ(126mm,0,131.5mm) ໘ᅮН㄀ 2 Ͼ ݇ 䬂 ⚍DŽ ⫼ ⫳ ៤ 㡖 ⚍ ੑ Ҹ
ĀKGEN,2,1,2,1,,90āᣝ✻1ো㡖⚍੠2ো㡖⚍῵ᓣˈYതᷛ๲䞣90ᑺˈ⫳៤3ো੠4ো㡖⚍DŽ
⫼ᅮН䴶ੑҸĀA,1,2,4,3ā䖛㡖⚍1,2,4,3ᅮН䴶DŽ⫼ऩ‫ܗ‬ሎᇌᅮНੑҸĀESIZE,,8āᅮ
Нऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬ᯊߦߚ↉᭄Ў8DŽ⫼䴶ऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬᪡԰ੑҸĀAMESH,1āᇍ1ো䴶ᠻ㸠䴶ऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬
᪡԰DŽ㒣䖛䖭ѯᓎ῵ੑҸৢᕫࠄབ೒6.53᠔⼎ⱘ1/8᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟDŽ

೒6.53 ೼᷅തᷛ㋏ϟᅮН݇䬂⚍੠᷅䴶ᑊᇍ݊䖯㸠ऩ‫ৢߚߦܗ‬ᕫࠄⱘ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟ

282
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

(3) ၽᄐ߸ᆵγຂຏՇ࿌ၟ೯d
⫼ᅮНതᷛ㋏ੑҸ ĀCSYS,0āߛᤶതᷛ㋏ࠄᭈԧⳈ㾦തᷛ㋏DŽ⫼䗝ᢽ㡖⚍ੑҸ
“NSEL,S,LOC,X,0ā䗝ᢽX=0ԡ㕂ⱘᎺেᇍ⿄䴶Ϟⱘ㡖⚍DŽ⫼ᇍ⿄ԡ⿏㑺ᴳੑҸĀDSYM,
SYMM, X,0āᅮН݇ѢX䕈(YZᑇ䴶)ⱘԡ⿏ᇍ⿄ᴵӊDŽ
⫼㡖⚍䗝ᢽੑҸĀNSEL,S,LOC,Y,0ā䗝ᢽY=0ԡ㕂ⱘϞϟᇍ⿄䴶Ϟⱘ㡖⚍ˈ⫼“DSYM,
SYMM, Y,0āᅮН݇ѢY䕈(XZᑇ䴶)ⱘԡ⿏ᇍ⿄ᴵӊDŽ
⫼“NSEL,S,LOC,Z,0ā䗝ᢽZ=0ԡ㕂ⱘࠡৢᇍ⿄䴶Ϟⱘ㡖⚍ˈ⫼“DSYM,SYMM,Z,0āᅮ
Н݇ѢZ䕈(XYᑇ䴶)ⱘԡ⿏ᇍ⿄ᴵӊDŽ⫼“ NSEL,ALLā䗝ᢽ᠔᳝㒧⚍DŽ
⫼݇䬂⚍Ϟⱘ㥋䕑ᅮНੑҸ“FK,3,FY, 111.2ā೼3ো݇䬂⚍ᮑࡴ⊓ⴔYᮍ৥ⱘ䲚Ё࡯
111.2NDŽ㒣䖛䖭ѯᮑࡴԡ⿏㑺ᴳ੠㥋䕑ᅮНੑҸৢ῵ൟব៤བ೒6.54᠔⼎ⱘḋᄤDŽ

೒6.54 ᮑࡴԡ⿏㑺ᴳ੠῾৥䲚Ё࡯Пৢⱘ೚ㄦ1/8᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟ

(4) ၽௐࠓ੦ࣖௐࠓd
(5) ၽ‫҉܊‬स੦ࣖມವࠋԤสྭ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ڴ‬d
⫼Ā/POST1ā䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫৢˈ⫼䗝ᢽ㡖⚍ੑҸ“NSEL,S,LOC,Y, 126ā䗝ᢽ
Y=126mm ԡ 㕂 ⱘ 㡖 ⚍ ˈ ⫼ “NSEL,R,LOC,Z,0 ā 㒻 㓁 䗝 ᢽ Z=0 ԡ 㕂 ⱘ 㡖 ⚍ ˈ ⫼
“NSEL,R,LOC,X,0ā㒻㓁䗝ᢽX=0ԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍ˈℸᯊህা䗝Ёњ䲚Ё࡯԰⫼ⱘ˄0,126mm,0˅
ԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍DŽ⫼߫㸼ᰒ⼎㒧⚍㒧ᵰੑҸ“PRNSOL,U,COMPāᠧॄߎ䆹㡖⚍ⱘԡ⿏㒧ᵰ੠ԡ
⿏ⶶ䞣੠˄೒6.55˅DŽ
⫼ĀTOP_NODE = NODE(126,90,0)ā䗝ᢽ䎱⾏(126mm,90ᑺ,0)᳔䖥ⱘ㡖⚍ˈᄬܹব䞣
TOP_NODEˈ䖭Ͼ㡖⚍ህᰃ䲚Ё࡯԰⫼ԡ㕂DŽ⫼ᦤপ㒧ᵰੑҸĀ*GET, DISP, NODE,
TOP_NODE, U,Yāᦤপ㡖⚍TOP_NODEⱘԡ⿏UYˈᄬܹব䞣DISP˄೒6.56˅DŽ
(6) Շ࿌೴ᆦēߜ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ͬڴ‬ӉӾ೴ᆦē௶‫ߜ܊‬೴ᆦઝఘ೛ѻԅ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ڴ‬ำߑd
(7) ‫؟‬έӦ၍น8ࠋԤࠒ‫ࢴٲ‬඘Ӧ၍SHELL150ēᄷ໭ࠩ໻‫ޙ‬സd
⫼ߚᵤ㉏ൟᅮНੑҸĀANTYPE,STATICāᅮНߚᵤ㉏ൟЎ䴭࡯ߚᵤDŽ⫼ऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟᅮ
НੑҸ“ET,1,SHELL150āᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬Ў8㡖⚍㒧ᵘ໇ԧऩ‫ܗ‬SHELL150DŽ

283
 ㄀ゴᵓⱘᔃ᳆੠໇ԧ䅵ㅫ

೒6.55 ῾৥䲚Ё࡯԰⫼ԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍ԡ⿏䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ

೒6.56 ֱᄬ೼ব䞣Ёⱘ䲚Ё࡯԰⫼ԡ㕂᳔໻ᣴᑺ䅵ㅫؐ

⫼ᅲᐌ᭄ᅮНੑҸ“R,,2.3876āᅮН໇ԧऩ‫ܗ‬८ᑺЎ2.3876mmDŽ⫼ᴤ᭭খ᭄ᅮНੑҸ
ĀMP,EX,,72.4E3āᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EX=72.4GPaˈ⫼ĀMP,NUXY,,0.3125āᅮН㄀
1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨NUXY=0.3125DŽ
(8) ၽᅘᆵγຂຏՇ࿌‫ߏڑ‬Ԥcᅘੋωճୣࠩ໻Ӧ၍‫דܣ‬d
ᣝ✻བ೒6.47᠔⼎ⱘ1/8῵ൟ੠Ϟ䴶ⱘ4Ͼ݇䬂⚍ԡ㕂DŽ⫼ᅮНതᷛ㋏ੑҸĀCSYS,1ā
ߛᤶതᷛ㋏ࠄ᷅തᷛ㋏DŽ⫼ᅮН݇䬂⚍ੑҸ“ K,1,126ā೼തᷛ(126mm,0,0)໘ᅮН㄀1Ͼ݇䬂
⚍ˈ⫼“ K,2,126,,131.5ā೼തᷛ(126mm,0,131.5mm)໘ᅮН㄀2Ͼ݇䬂⚍DŽ⫼⫳៤݇䬂⚍ੑҸ
ĀKGEN,2,1,2,1,,90āᣝ✻1ো㡖⚍੠2ো㡖⚍῵ᓣˈYതᷛ๲䞣90ᑺˈ⫳៤3ো੠4ো㡖⚍DŽ
⫼ᅮН䴶ੑҸĀA,1,2,4,3ā䖛㡖⚍1,2,4,3ᅮН䴶DŽ⫼ऩ‫ܗ‬ሎᇌᅮНੑҸĀESIZE,,8āᅮ
Нऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬ᯊߦߚ↉᭄Ў8DŽ⫼ᠻ㸠䴶ऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬ੑҸĀAMESH,1āᇍ1ো䴶ᠻ㸠䴶ऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬DŽ
㒣䖛䖭ѯᓎ῵ੑҸৢᕫࠄབ೒6.57᠔⼎ⱘ1/8᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟDŽ
(9) ၽᄐ߸ᆵγຂຏՇ࿌ၟ೯d
⫼ᅮНതᷛ㋏ੑҸĀCSYS,0āߛᤶതᷛ㋏ࠄᭈԧⳈ㾦തᷛ㋏DŽ⫼“NSEL,S,LOC,X,0ā
䗝ᢽX=0ԡ㕂ⱘᎺেᇍ⿄䴶Ϟⱘ㡖⚍ˈ⫼ᇍ⿄ԡ⿏㑺ᴳੑҸĀDSYM,SYMM,X,0āᅮН݇
ѢX䕈(YZᑇ䴶)ⱘԡ⿏ᇍ⿄ᴵӊDŽ⫼ĀNSEL,S,LOC,Y,0ā䗝ᢽY=0ԡ㕂ⱘϞϟᇍ⿄䴶Ϟⱘ
㡖⚍ˈ⫼“DSYM,SYMM,Y,0āᅮН݇ѢY䕈(XZᑇ䴶)ⱘԡ⿏ᇍ⿄ᴵӊDŽ⫼“NSEL,S,LOC,Z,0ā
䗝ᢽZ=0ԡ㕂ⱘࠡৢᇍ⿄䴶Ϟⱘ㡖⚍ˈ⫼“DSYM,SYMM,Z,0āᅮН݇ѢZ䕈(XYᑇ䴶)ⱘԡ
⿏ᇍ⿄ᴵӊDŽ䖭ḋህᅮНདњX=0ˈY=0੠Z=0ϝϾ䖍⬠Ϟⱘᇍ⿄ԡ⿏㑺ᴳᴵӊњDŽ

284
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

೒6.57 ⫼SHELL150ऩ‫ܗ‬䅵ㅫ῾৥䲚Ё࡯԰⫼ϟⱘ೚ㄦⱘ1/8᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟ

᳔ৢ⫼“NSEL,ALLā䗝ᢽ᠔᳝㒧⚍DŽ⫼ᅮН݇䬂⚍Ϟⱘ࡯ⱘੑҸ“FK,3,FY, 111.21ā
೼3ো݇䬂⚍ᮑࡴ⊓ⴔYᮍ৥ⱘ䲚Ё࡯111.21NDŽᮑࡴԡ⿏㑺ᴳ੠㥋䕑ᅮНੑҸৢ῵ൟব៤
བ೒6.58᠔⼎ⱘḋᄤDŽ

೒6.58 ᮑࡴԡ⿏㑺ᴳ੠㥋䕑ৢⱘ೚ㄦ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟ

(10) ၽௐࠓ੦ࣖௐࠓd
(11) ၽ‫҉܊‬स੦ࣖມವࠋԤสྭ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ڴ‬d
⫼Ā/POST1ā䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫৢˈ⫼䇏ܹ㥋䕑ℹ㒧ᵰੑҸ“SET,1ā䇏ܹ㄀1㥋䕑
ℹⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰDŽ⫼䗝ᢽ㡖⚍ੑҸĀNSEL,S,LOC,Y, 126ā䗝ᢽY=126mmԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍ˈ⫼
“NSEL,R,LOC,Z,0ā㒻㓁䗝ᢽZ=0ԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍ˈ⫼“NSEL,R,LOC,X,0ā㒻㓁䗝ᢽX=0ԡ㕂ⱘ

285
 ㄀ゴᵓⱘᔃ᳆੠໇ԧ䅵ㅫ

㡖⚍DŽ䖭ḋህ䗝Ёњ䲚Ё࡯԰⫼ԡ㕂˄0,126mm,0˅ⱘ㡖⚍DŽ⫼߫㸼ᰒ⼎㡖⚍㒧ᵰੑҸ
“PRNSOL,U,COMPāᠧॄ䖭Ͼ㡖⚍ⱘԡ⿏㒧ᵰ੠ԡ⿏ⶶ䞣੠˄བ೒6.59᠔⼎˅DŽ

೒6.59 ⫼SHELL150ऩ‫ܗ‬䅵ㅫⱘ῾৥䲚Ё࡯԰⫼ԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍ԡ⿏

⫼ĀTOP_NODE = NODE(126,90,0)ā䗝ᢽ䎱⾏(126mm,90ᑺ,0)᳔䖥ⱘ㡖⚍ˈᄬܹব䞣
TOP_NODEDŽ⫼Ā*GET,DISP,NODE,TOP_NODE,U,Yāᦤপ㡖⚍TOP_NODEⱘԡ⿏UYˈ
ᄬܹব䞣DISP˄೒6.60˅DŽ

೒6.60 ֱᄬ೼‫ݙ‬ᄬব䞣Ёⱘ⫼SHELL150ऩ‫ܗ‬䅵ㅫⱘ䲚Ё࡯ԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍ԡ⿏

(12) Շ࿌೴ᆦēߜ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ͬڴ‬ӉӾ೴ᆦē௶‫ߜ܊‬೴ᆦઝఘ೛ѻԅ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ڴ‬ำߑd

2ˊANSYS⿟ᑣ

FINISH
/CLEAR, NOSTART ! ⏙䰸᭄᥂,ϡࡴ䕑߱ྟ࣪᭛ӊ
! (1) 䆒㕂Ꮉ⿟䗝乍ǃߚᵤ㉏ൟǃᅲᐌ᭄ǃᴤ᭭খ᭄
/FileName,EX6.6 ! ᅮНᎹ⿟᭛ӊৡ⿄
/PREP7 ! ࡴ䕑ࠡ໘⧚῵ഫ
smrt,off ! ݇䯁ᱎ㛑࣪㔥Ḑࡳ㛑
/TITLE, EX6.6, PINCHED CYLINDER UNDER CONCENTRATED FORCE
/COM, REF: COOK, CONCEPTS AND APPL. OF FEA 2ND ED., 1981, PP. 284-287.
ANTYPE,STATIC ! ᅮНߚᵤ㉏ൟЎ䴭࡯ߚᵤ
ET,1,SHELL93 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬Ў8㡖⚍㒧ᵘ໇ԧऩ‫ܗ‬SHELL93

286
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

R,,2.3876 ! ᅮНᵓ८Ў2.3876mm
MP,EX,,72.4E3 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EX˙72.4 GPa
MP,NUXY,,0.3125 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨NUXY˙0.3125
! (2) ೼᷅തᷛ㋏ϟᅮН݇䬂⚍ǃ᷅䴶ᑊᇍ݊䖯㸠ऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬
CSYS,1 ! ߛᤶതᷛ㋏ࠄ᷅തᷛ㋏
K,1,125.8 ! ೼തᷛ(125.8mm,0,0)໘ᅮН㄀1Ͼ݇䬂⚍
K,2,125.8,,131.5 ! ೼തᷛ(125.8mm,0,131.5mm)໘ᅮН㄀2Ͼ݇䬂⚍
KGEN,2,1,2,1,,90 ! ᣝ✻1ো㡖⚍੠2ো㡖⚍῵ᓣ,Yതᷛ๲䞣90ᑺ,⫳៤3ো੠4ো㡖⚍
A,1,2,4,3 ! 䖛㡖⚍1,2,4,3ᅮН䴶
ESIZE,,8 ! ᅮНऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬ᯊߦߚ↉᭄Ў8
/View,1,1,1,1 ! ᇚにষ1ⱘ㾚⚍ߛᤶࠄㄝ䕈⌟ᮍ৥
AMESH,1 ! ᇍ1ো䴶ᠻ㸠䴶ऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬᪡԰
! (3)೼Ⳉ㾦തᷛ㋏ϟᅮН㑺ᴳ
CSYS,0 ! ߛᤶതᷛ㋏ࠄᭈԧⳈ㾦തᷛ㋏
NSEL,S,LOC,X,0 ! 䗝ᢽX=0ԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍
DSYM,SYMM,X,0 ! ᅮН݇ѢX䕈(YZᑇ䴶)ⱘԡ⿏ᇍ⿄ᴵӊ
NSEL,S,LOC,Y,0 ! 䗝ᢽY=0ԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍
DSYM,SYMM,Y,0 ! ᅮН݇ѢY䕈(XZᑇ䴶)ⱘԡ⿏ᇍ⿄ᴵӊ
NSEL,S,LOC,Z,0 ! 䗝ᢽZ=0ԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍
DSYM,SYMM,Z,0 ! ᅮН݇ѢZ䕈(XYᑇ䴶)ⱘԡ⿏ᇍ⿄ᴵӊ
NSEL,ALL ! 䗝ᢽ᠔᳝㒧⚍
FK,3,FY,-111.2 ! ೼3ো݇䬂⚍ᮑࡴ⊓ⴔ-Yᮍ৥ⱘ䲚Ё࡯111.2N
FINISH ! 䗔ߎࠡ໘⧚῵ഫPREP7
! (4)೼∖㾷῵ഫ∖㾷
/SOLU ! ࡴ䕑∖㾷῵ഫ
SOLVE ! ᓔྟ∖㾷
FINISH ! 䗔ߎ∖㾷῵ഫSOLUTION
! (5)೼ৢ໘⧚῵ഫᰒ⼎㡖⚍ԡ⿏䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
/POST1 ! 䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
NSEL,S,LOC,Y,125.8 ! 䗝ᢽY=125.8mmԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍
NSEL,R,LOC,Z,0 ! 㒻㓁䗝ᢽZ=0ԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍
NSEL,R,LOC,X,0 ! 㒻㓁䗝ᢽX=0ԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍
PRNSOL,U,COMP ! ᠧॄԡ⿏㒧ᵰ੠ԡ⿏ⶶ䞣੠
TOP_NODE = NODE(125.8,90,0) ! 䗝ᢽ䎱⾏(125.8mm,90ᑺ,0)᳔䖥ⱘ㡖⚍,ᄬܹব䞣TOP_NODE
*GET,DISP,NODE,TOP_NODE,U,Y ! ᦤপ㡖⚍TOP_NODEⱘԡ⿏UY,ᄬܹব䞣DISP
! (6) ᅮН᭄㒘,ᇚ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰֱᄬࠄ᭄㒘,✊ৢᇚ᭄㒘‫ݙ‬ᆍ䕧ߎⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ᭛ӊ
*DIM,LABEL,CHAR,1 ! ᅮН1*1ᄫヺൟ᭄㒘LABEL
*DIM,VALUE,,1,3 ! ᅮН1*3᭄ؐൟ᭄㒘VALUE
LABEL(1) = 'DEF_mm' ! 㒭᭄㒘LABELⱘ㄀1߫䌟ؐ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,1),DATA,2.893 ! 㒭᭄㒘VALUEⱘ㄀1߫䌟খ㗗᭛⤂㒧ᵰ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,2),DATA,ABS(DISP) ! 㒭᭄㒘VALUEⱘ㄀2߫䌟䅵ㅫؐ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,3),DATA,ABS(DISP/2.893) ! 㒭᭄㒘VALUEⱘ㄀3߫䌟↨ؐ
SAVE, TABLE_1 ! ֱᄬ᭄᥂ࠄ咬䅸᭄᥂ᑧTABLE_1
FINISH ! 䗔ߎϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫ

287
 ㄀ゴᵓⱘᔃ᳆੠໇ԧ䅵ㅫ

! (7)ᬍবऩ‫ܗ‬䞡ᮄ䅵ㅫ
/CLEAR,NOSTART ! ⏙䰸᠔᭄᳝᥂, ϡࡴ䕑߱ྟ࣪᭛ӊ
/FileName,EX6.8a ! ᅮНᎹ⿟᭛ӊৡ⿄
/PREP7 ! ࡴ䕑ࠡ໘⧚῵ഫ
/TITLE, EX6.8a, PINCHED CYLINDER UNDER CONCENTRATED FORCE(SHELL150)
smrt,off ! ݇䯁ᱎ㛑࣪㔥Ḑࡳ㛑
ANTYPE,STATIC ! ᅮНߚᵤ㉏ൟЎ䴭࡯ߚᵤ
ET,1,SHELL150 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬Ў8㡖⚍㒧ᵘ໇ԧऩ‫ܗ‬SHELL150
R,,2.3876 ! ᅮН໇ԧऩ‫ܗ‬८ᑺЎ2.3876mm
MP,EX,,72.4E3 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EX=72.4 GPa
MP,NUXY,,0.3125 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨NUXY=0.3125
! (8) ೼᷅തᷛ㋏ϟᅮН݇䬂⚍,᷅䴶ᑊᇍ݊䖯㸠ऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬
CSYS,1 ! ߛᤶതᷛ㋏ࠄ᷅തᷛ㋏
K,1,125.8 ! ೼തᷛ(125.8mm,0,0)໘ᅮН㄀1Ͼ݇䬂⚍
K,2, 125.8,,131.44 ! ೼തᷛ(125.8mm,0,131.44mm)໘ᅮН㄀2Ͼ݇䬂⚍
KGEN,2,1,2,1,,90 ! ᣝ✻1ো㡖⚍੠2ো㡖⚍῵ᓣ,Yതᷛ๲䞣90ᑺ,⫳៤3ো੠4ো㡖⚍
A,1,2,4,3 ! 䖛㡖⚍1,2,4,3ᅮН䴶
ESIZE,,8 ! ᅮНऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬ᯊߦߚ↉᭄Ў8
/View,1,1,1,1 ! ᇚにষ1ⱘ㾚⚍ߛᤶࠄㄝ䕈⌟ᮍ৥
AMESH,1 ! ᇍ1ো䴶ᠻ㸠䴶ऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬
! (9) ೼Ⳉ㾦തᷛ㋏ϟᅮН㑺ᴳ
CSYS,0 ! ߛᤶതᷛ㋏ࠄᭈԧⳈ㾦തᷛ㋏
NSEL,S,LOC,X,0 ! 䗝ᢽX=0ԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍
DSYM,SYMM,X,0 ! ᅮН݇ѢX䕈(YZᑇ䴶)ⱘԡ⿏ᇍ⿄ᴵӊ
NSEL,S,LOC,Y,0 ! 䗝ᢽY=0ԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍
DSYM,SYMM,Y,0 ! ᅮН݇ѢY䕈(XZᑇ䴶)ⱘԡ⿏ᇍ⿄ᴵӊ
NSEL,S,LOC,Z,0 ! 䗝ᢽZ=0ԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍
DSYM,SYMM,Z,0 ! ᅮН݇ѢZ䕈(XYᑇ䴶)ⱘԡ⿏ᇍ⿄ᴵӊ
NSEL,ALL ! 䗝ᢽ᠔᳝㒧⚍
FK,3,FY,-111.21 ! ೼3ো݇䬂⚍ᮑࡴ⊓ⴔ-Yᮍ৥ⱘ䲚Ё࡯111.21N
FINISH ! 䗔ߎࠡ໘⧚῵ഫPREP7
! (10) ೼∖㾷῵ഫ∖㾷
/SOLU ! ࡴ䕑∖㾷῵ഫ
SOLVE ! ᓔྟ∖㾷
FINISH ! 䗔ߎ∖㾷῵ഫSOLUTION
! (11) ೼ৢ໘⧚῵ഫᰒ⼎㡖⚍ԡ⿏䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
/POST1 ! 䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
SET,1 ! 䇏ܹ㄀1㥋䕑ℹⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
NSEL,S,LOC,Y,125.8 ! 䗝ᢽY=125.8mmԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍
NSEL,R,LOC,Z,0 ! 㒻㓁䗝ᢽZ=0ԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍
NSEL,R,LOC,X,0 ! 㒻㓁䗝ᢽX=0ԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍
PRNSOL,U,COMP ! ᠧॄԡ⿏㒧ᵰ੠ԡ⿏ⶶ䞣੠
TOP_NODE = NODE(125.8,90,0) ! 䗝ᢽ䎱⾏(125.8mm,90ᑺ,0)᳔䖥ⱘ㡖⚍,ᄬܹব䞣TOP_NODE
*GET,DISP,NODE,TOP_NODE,U,Y ! ᦤপ㡖⚍TOP_NODEⱘԡ⿏UY,ᄬܹব䞣DISP

288
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

! (12) ᅮН᭄㒘,ᇚ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰֱᄬࠄ᭄㒘,✊ৢᇚ᭄㒘‫ݙ‬ᆍ䕧ߎⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ᭛ӊ
*DIM,LABEL,CHAR,1 ! ᅮН1*1ᄫヺൟ᭄㒘LABEL
*DIM,VALUE,,1,3 ! ᅮН1*3᭄ؐൟ᭄㒘VALUE
LABEL(1) = 'DEF_mm' ! 㒭᭄㒘LABELⱘ㄀1߫䌟ؐ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,1),DATA,2.893 ! 㒭᭄㒘VALUEⱘ㄀1߫䌟খ㗗᭛⤂㒧ᵰ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,2),DATA,ABS(DISP) ! 㒭᭄㒘VALUEⱘ㄀2߫䌟䅵ㅫؐ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,3),DATA,ABS(DISP/2.893) ! 㒭᭄㒘VALUEⱘ㄀3߫䌟↨ؐ
SAVE, TABLE_2 ! ֱᄬ᭄᥂ࠄ咬䅸᭄᥂ᑧTABLE_2
RESUME,TABLE_1
/COM
/OUT, EX6_6, out ! ᇚ䕧ߎ‫ݙ‬ᆍ䞡ᅮ৥ࠄ᭛ӊEX6_6.out
/COM,------------------- EX6.6 RESULTS COMPARISON ---------------------
/COM,
/COM,SHELL93 | TARGET | ANSYS | RATIO
/COM,
*VWRITE,LABEL(1),VALUE(1,1),VALUE(1,2),VALUE(1,3)
(1X,A10,' ',F10.3,' ',F10.3,' ',1F10.3)
/NOPR
RESUME,TABLE_2
/GOPR
/COM,
/COM,SHELL150
/COM,
*VWRITE,LABEL(1),VALUE(1,1),VALUE(1,2),VALUE(1,3)
(1X,A10,' ',F10.3,' ',F10.3,' ',1F10.3)
/COM,-----------------------------------------------------------------
/OUT ! 㒧ᴳ᭄᥂䞡ᅮ৥ˈ݇䯁䕧ߎ᭛ӊ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
/DEL,TABLE_1
/DEL,TABLE_2
FINISH ! 䗔ߎৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
*LIST, EX6_6, out ! ߫㸼ᰒ⼎᭛ӊ‫ݙ‬ᆍ

3ˊ㒧ᵰ䅼䆎

߽⫼Ϟ䴶⿟ᑣˈ䅵ㅫᕫࠄབ㸼6.5᠔⼎ⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰˈ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ੠খ㗗᭛⤂[24]:284ⱘ㒧
ᵰ䴲ᐌ᥹䖥DŽ
㸼6.5 ⫼ϡৠⱘ໇ԧऩ‫ܗ‬䅵ㅫ೚ㄦ೼ϔᇍ῾৥䲚Ё࡯԰⫼ϟⱘবᔶ
˷24˹
ব ᔶ 䞣 ᭛ ⤂ ؐ Ansysؐ ↨ ؐ
⫼SHELL93ऩ‫ܗ‬䅵ㅫⱘবᔶ䞣˄mm˅ 2.893 2.887 0.998
⫼SHELL150ऩ‫ܗ‬䅵ㅫⱘবᔶ䞣˄mm˅ 2.893 2.918 1.009

289
 ㄀ゴᵓⱘᔃ᳆੠໇ԧ䅵ㅫ

6.7 ϸ䖍ㅔᬃᓔষ᷅໇೼䲚Ё࡯԰⫼ϟⱘ໻বᔶ᳆ሜ

䭓ᑺ2l=508mmⱘᓔষ᷅໇ˈϸⳈ㒓䖍ㅔᬃˈ᳆⥛ञᕘR=2540mmˈ८ᑺh=6.35mmˈЁ
ᖗᇍ⿄ԡ㕂᳝䪙Ⳉ䲚Ё࡯P=100Nmm԰⫼ˈ᷅䴶䚼ߚ᠔ᇍⱘ೚ᖗ㾦2¬=0.2rad˄བ೒6.61᠔
⼎˅DŽᏆⶹᔍᗻ῵䞣E=3.10275MPaˈ⊞ᵒ↨°=0.3ˈ䆩߽⫼ᔍᗻ໇ऩ‫ܗ‬SHELL63ˈ⹂ᅮ೼
䪙Ⳉ䲚Ё࡯԰⫼ϟˈ⚍A੠⚍B໘⊓ⴔ䪙Ⳉᮍ৥ⱘԡ⿏UYDŽ

೒6.61 ೼䲚Ё࡯԰⫼ϟⱘϸ䖍ㅔᬃᓔষ᷅໇ ೒6.62 ϸ䖍ㅔᬃᓔষ᷅໇ⱘ1/4᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟ

⬅Ѣ῵ൟⱘᇍ⿄ᗻˈ䅵ㅫ῵ൟা䳔㽕䗝প1/4䚼ߚेৃDŽᣝ೒6.62᠔⼎ⱘ1/4῵ൟˈ߽⫼
ҹϟℹ偸ৃҹᅠ៤ᇍϸ䖍ㅔᬃᓔষ᷅໇೼䲚Ё࡯԰⫼ϟⱘ໻বᔶ᳆ሜⱘ䴲㒓ᗻߚᵤDŽ
(1) ಁᄢٝё༪ົē‫ד‬๥फ໸cಬШ೴ۤϫॸϵ೴d
⫼Āsmrt,offā݇䯁ᱎ㛑࣪㔥Ḑࡳ㛑DŽ⫼ߚᵤ㉏ൟᅮНੑҸĀANTYPE,STATICāᅮН
ߚᵤ㉏ൟЎ䴭࡯ߚᵤDŽ⫼ऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟᅮНੑҸĀET,1,SHELL63,,1āᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬Ўᔍᗻ໇
ԧऩ‫ܗ‬SHELL63DŽᑊ⫼ᅲᐌ᭄ᅮНੑҸĀR,1,6.350āᅮН໇ԧ८ᑺЎ6.350mmDŽ
⫼ᴤ᭭খ᭄ᅮНੑҸĀMP,EX,1,3102.75āᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EX=3.12075 GPaˈ
⫼ĀMP,NUXY,1,0.3āᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨Ў0.3DŽ
(2) Շ࿌ࠋԤc‫ߏڑ‬Ԥcੋēωߜੋ‫דܣ‬นੋӦ၍d
⫼খ᭄䌟ؐ䇁হĀR1 = 2540āᅮН໇ԧЁ䴶᳆⥛ञᕘ2540mmˈ⫼ĀL = 254āᅮН໇
ԧϔञ䭓ᑺ254mmˈ⫼ĀPI=4*ATAN(1)āᅮН೚਼⥛Piؐˈ⫼ĀTHETA=0.1*180/PIāᇚ0.1
ᓻᑺ೚ᖗ㾦䕀ᤶЎ㾦ᑺؐDŽ
⫼ᅮНതᷛ㋏ੑҸ“CSYS,1āߛᤶࠄ᷅䴶തᷛ㋏DŽ⫼ᅮН㡖⚍ੑҸ“N,1,R1,90ā೼(R1,90
ᑺ,0)ԡ㕂ᅮН㄀1Ͼ㡖⚍ˈ⫼ĀN,2,R1,90,Lā೼(R1,90ᑺ,L)ԡ㕂ᅮН㄀2Ͼ㡖⚍DŽ
ᣝ✻೒6.62Ёⱘ݇䬂⚍ԡ㕂Ꮧ㕂ˈ⫼ᅮН݇䬂⚍ੑҸ“ K,1,R1,90ā೼തᷛ(R1,90ᑺ,0)໘
ᅮН㄀1Ͼ݇䬂⚍ˈ⫼“ K,2,R1,(90 THETA)ā೼തᷛ(R1,90ᑺTHETA,0)໘ᅮН㄀2Ͼ݇䬂
⚍ˈ⫼“ K,3,R1,90,Lā೼തᷛ(R1,90ᑺ,L)໘ᅮН㄀3Ͼ݇䬂⚍ˈ⫼“ K,4,R1,(90THETA),Lā
೼തᷛ(R1,90ᑺTHETA,L)໘ᅮН㄀4Ͼ݇䬂⚍DŽ
⫼ऩ‫ܗ‬ሎᇌᅮНੑҸ“ ESIZE,,2āᅮН೼䖍⬠Ϟऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬ᯊߦߚЎ2↉DŽ⫼ᅮН䴶ੑҸ

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“ A,1,3,4,2ā䖛㡖⚍1,3,4,2ᅮН䴶DŽЎњ֓Ѣ㾖ᆳ῵ൟ੠㡖⚍Ꮧ㕂ˈ⫼ᅮН㾚⚍ੑҸĀ/VIEW,1,
1,1,1āᬍব1োにষⱘ㾚⚍Ўㄝ䕈⌟ᮍԡˈ⫼㓪োᰒ⼎䆒㕂ੑҸĀ/PNUM,NODE,1āᠧᓔ㡖
⚍ 㓪 ো ᰒ ⼎ DŽ ⫼ 䴶 ऩ ‫ ߚ ߦ ܗ‬ੑ Ҹ Ā AMESH,1 ā ᇍ 1 ো 䴶 ᠻ 㸠 䴶 ऩ ‫ ߚ ߦ ܗ‬DŽ ⫼
ĀNUMMRG,NODEāᇚ䎱⾏ᕜ䖥ⱘ㡖⚍ড়ᑊDŽ㒣䖛䖭ѯℹ偸ৢˈ⫼೒ᔶᰒ⼎ऩ‫ܗ‬Ꮧ㕂ੑҸ
ĀEPLOTāᕫࠄᣝ✻೒6.63᠔⼎ⱘ䅵ㅫ῵ൟDŽ೒Ёⱘ1ো㡖⚍੠2ো㡖⚍ᰃ᳔ᮽᅮНⱘϸϾ㡖
⚍ˈ䖭䞠ⱘऩ‫ܗ‬㔥Ḑߦߚ⿟ᑣՓ⫼њॳᴹⱘ䖭ϸϾ㡖⚍ⱘᅮНDŽ

೒6.63 ⫼㡖⚍ᅮН੠ᅲԧᓎ῵ᅮНⱘϸ䖍ㅔᬃᓔষ᷅໇ⱘ1/4᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟ

(3) ಠަสྭΨ࠘ඨߑd
⫼㡖⚍䗝ᢽੑҸ ĀNSEL,S,LOC,Z,0ā䗝ᢽZ=0ԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍ˈ ⫼ᇍ⿄ԡ⿏㑺ᴳੑҸ
ĀDSYM,SYMM,ZāᅮН݇ѢZ䕈(XYᑇ䴶)ⱘᇍ⿄ԡ⿏ᴵӊDŽ⫼ĀNSEL,S,LOC,Y,90ā䗝ᢽ
Y=90ᑺԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍ˈ⫼“DSYM,SYMM,XāᅮН݇ѢX䕈(YZᑇ䴶)ⱘᇍ⿄ԡ⿏ᴵӊDŽ⫼
“NSEL,S,LOC,Y,(90THETA) ā䗝ᢽY=90ᑺTHETAԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍ˈ⫼ᮑࡴԡ⿏㑺ᴳੑҸ
“D,ALL,UX,,,,,UY,UZāᅮН᠔᳝㡖⚍UX,UY੠UZԡ⿏㹿㑺ᴳDŽ⫼“NSEL,ALLā䗝ᢽ᠔᳝
㒧⚍DŽ⫼ᮑࡴ㡖⚍㥋䕑ੑҸ“F,1,FY, 250ā೼1ো㡖⚍ᮑࡴ⊓ⴔYᮍ৥ⱘ250Nⱘ䲚Ё࡯DŽ
⬅Ѣᇍ⿄ᗻˈ೼䖭䞠ⱘ῵ൟϞাᮑࡴ1/4㥋䕑DŽᮑࡴ䖭ѯԡ⿏㑺ᴳ੠㥋䕑ৢⱘ῵ൟব៤೒6.64
ⱘḋᄤDŽ೒Ё1ো㡖⚍ⱘ㑶㡆ㆁ༈㸼⼎৥ϟⱘ䲚Ё࡯DŽ㡖⚍1ˈ2᠔೼ⱘ䖍੠㡖⚍1ˈ8᠔೼ⱘ
䖍ᰃᇍ⿄ԡ⿏㑺ᴳˈ㡖⚍6ˈ8᠔೼ⱘ䖍ᰃㅔᬃ䖍ԡ⿏㑺ᴳDŽ
(4) ၽௐࠓ੦ࣖՇ࿌۠ၻ‫܊‬ௐࠓd
Ўњ݇䯁Ё䯈䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰⱘሣᐩ䕧ߎˈ⫼䕧ߎ‫ݙ‬ᆍ䞡ᅮ৥ੑҸĀ/OUTPUT,SCRATCHā
ᇚ䕧ߎ䞡ᅮ৥ࠄ᭛ӊSCRATCHDŽ⫼Ā/SOLUā䖯ܹ∖㾷῵ഫৢˈ⫼“NLGEOM,ONāᠧᓔ
໻বᔶ䗝乍ˈ⫼䕧ߎ㒧ᵰ䗝乍ĀOUTRES,,1ā䆒㕂䕧ߎ᠔᳝㥋䕑ℹⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰDŽ
⫼“NSUBST,30ā䆒㕂ᣝ30Ͼ㥋䕑ᄤℹ䖯㸠䗁ҷ䅵ㅫˈ⫼“ ARCLEN,ON,4āᠧᓔᓻ䭓∖
㾷ᓔ݇ˈᑊ᳔໮ֱᄬ4ℹ䅵ㅫؐᴹ䖯㸠ᦦؐ䅵ㅫDŽ⫼“SOLVEāᓔྟ䴲㒓ᗻ䗁ҷ∖㾷ˈ೒ᔶ
にষࡼᗕᰒ⼎䗁ҷ∖㾷䖛⿟Ёⱘ㛑䞣㣗᭄ব࣪ᚙ‫˄މ‬བ೒6.65᠔⼎˅DŽ೒6.65Ёᰒ⼎໻㑺㒣
䖛њ86⃵ᕾ⦃䗁ҷ䅵ㅫˈ㒧ᵰᬊᬯDŽ

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೒6.64 ᮑࡴԡ⿏㑺ᴳৢⱘϸ䖍ㅔᬃᓔষ᷅໇ⱘ1/4᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟ

೒6.65 䴲㒓ᗻ䗁ҷ䅵ㅫ䖛Ё㛑䞣㣗᭄ⱘব࣪ᚙ‫މ‬

(5) ၽನ޷ॅё‫҉܊‬स੦ࣖē҉सสྭ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ڴ‬d
⫼Ā/POST26ā䖯ܹᯊ䯈ग़⿟ৢ໘⧚఼Post26DŽ⫼ֱᄬ㡖⚍㒧ᵰੑҸ“NSOL,2,1,U,Yā
ֱᄬ1ো㡖⚍ⱘԡ⿏UY㒧ᵰࠄ㄀2Ͼব䞣ˈ⫼“NSOL,3,2,U,Yāֱᄬ2ো㡖⚍ⱘԡ⿏UY㒧ᵰ
ࠄ㄀3Ͼব䞣DŽ
⫼㒧ᵰব䞣Ь⿃᪡԰ੑҸ“PROD,4,1,,,LOAD,,,4*250āᇍ㄀1Ͼব䞣Ьҹᘏ㥋䕑4*250
ৢֱᄬࠄ㄀4Ͼব䞣DŽ⫼ĀPROD,5,2,,,,,,1āᇍ㄀2Ͼব䞣ᠻ㸠ᬍবԡ⿏ℷ䋳ো᪡԰ৢֱᄬ
ࠄ5োব䞣DŽ⫼“PROD,6,3,,,,,,1āᇍ㄀3Ͼব䞣ᠻ㸠ᬍবԡ⿏ℷ䋳ো᪡԰ৢֱᄬࠄ6োব䞣DŽ
⫼ᦤপ㒧ᵰੑҸ“*GET,UY1,VARI,2,EXTREM,VMINāᦤপ2োব䞣˄1ো㡖⚍ⱘԡ⿏

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UY˅ⱘ᳔ᇣؐˈᄬܹব䞣UY1DŽ⫼Ā*GET,UY2,VARI,3,EXTREM,VMINāᦤপ3োব䞣˄2
ো㡖⚍ⱘԡ⿏ UY˅ⱘ᳔ᇣؐˈᄬܹব䞣UY2DŽ⫼㦰ऩĀUtility -> Parameters -> Scalar
Parametersāৃҹⳟࠄֱᄬ೼䖭ѯব䞣Ёⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ˄བ೒6.66᠔⼎˅DŽ

೒6.66 ֱᄬ೼‫ݙ‬ᄬব䞣Ёⱘ1ো㡖⚍੠2ো㡖⚍ⱘ᳔໻ԡ⿏

(6) ၽನ޷ॅё‫҉܊‬स੦ࣖē‫ݛ‬ᄥ۠ၻ-έ໹ௗຬ෍d
⫼߫㸼ᰒ⼎ব䞣‫ݙ‬ᆍੑҸĀPRVAR,2,3,4ā߫㸼ᰒ⼎㄀2োব䞣˄1ো㡖⚍ⱘԡ⿏UY˅ˈ
3োব䞣˄2ো㡖⚍ⱘԡ⿏UY˅੠4োব䞣˄ᘏ㥋䕑˅䱣ᯊ䯈ⱘবֵ࣪ᙃ˄བ㸼6.6᠔⼎˅DŽ
㸼6.6 ϸ䖍ㅔᬃᓔষ᷅໇೼䲚Ё࡯԰⫼ϟⱘ໻বᔶ᳆ሜ㥋䕑Ϣবᔶⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
ᯊ䯈㥋䕑ℹ 1ো㡖⚍ԡ⿏UY1(mm) 2ো㡖⚍ԡ⿏UY2(mm) 㥋䕑 (N)
0.03291 0.36919 0.025373 32.9101
0.09878 1.16676 0.079430 98.7762
0.21372 2.78337 0.179024 213.718
0.31393 4.47922 0.252210 313.927
0.40097 6.20424 0.266633 400.971
0.47620 7.91506 0.186104 476.202
0.53935 9.57896 0.027779 539.353
0.58827 11.1677 0.416394 588.269
0.61940 12.6473 1.02354 619.399
0.62883 13.9695 1.88770 628.832
0.62458 14.5512 2.42263 624.577
0.60239 15.4301 3.52181 602.394
0.55745 16.1744 4.96370 557.452
0.49701 16.6688 6.53729 497.013
0.42666 16.9572 8.17258 426.665
0.35058 17.0790 9.82504 350.579
0.27177 17.0548 11.4709 271.773
0.19282 16.8845 13.0980 192.821

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˄㓁˅
ᯊ䯈㥋䕑ℹ 1ো㡖⚍ԡ⿏UY1(mm) 2ো㡖⚍ԡ⿏UY2(mm) 㥋䕑 (N)
0.11642 16.5528 14.6982 116.416
0.04556 16.0397 16.2615 45.5617
0.01706 15.3373 17.7737 17.0601
0.07115 14.4763 19.2213 71.1450
0.12158 13.5549 20.6030 121.576
0.17848 12.7844 21.9222 178.481
0.24620 12.5163 23.1267 246.198
0.30884 12.9512 24.1148 308.842
0.34919 13.9453 24.8538 349.189
0.36223 15.3011 25.3621 362.233
0.35885 16.0710 25.5357 358.847
0.33838 17.5248 25.7413 338.377
0.29383 19.2612 25.8399 293.831
0.22687 21.0177 25.8431 226.868
0.13722 22.7197 25.7971 137.222
0.026229 24.3078 25.7369 26.2287
0.10260 25.7519 25.6820 102.597
0.24497 27.0509 25.6398 244.968
0.39716 28.2197 25.6108 397.165
0.55644 29.2776 25.5930 556.438
0.72088 30.2426 25.5842 720.876
0.88916 31.1298 25.5824 889.165
1.0000 31.6733 25.5841 1000.00

⫼Ā/AXLAB,X, DEFLECTION (MM)āᣛᅮ㒬೒തᷛX䕈Ϟⱘ᭛ᄫᷛ䆚ˈ⫼Ā/AXLAB,Y,

TOTAL LOAD (N)āᣛᅮ㒬೒തᷛY䕈Ϟⱘ᭛ᄫᷛ䆚DŽ⫼“/GRID,1ā䆒㕂೼᳆㒓೒Ёᰒ⼎
X,Yᮍ৥ⱘܼ䚼㔥Ḑ㒓DŽ⫼Ā/XRANGE,0,35āᣛᅮX䕈㣗ೈҢ0ࠄ35mmˈ⫼Ā/YRANGE,
500,1050āᣛᅮY䕈㣗ೈҢ500Nࠄ1050NDŽ⫼“XVAR,5ā䆒㕂X䕈Ϟⱘব䞣ᰃ5োব䞣ˈ
⫼“PLVAR,4ā೒ᔶ᳆㒓ᰒ⼎㥋䕑䱣ⴔ1ো㡖⚍ⱘYᮍ৥ⱘԡ⿏UYⱘব࣪ᚙ‫˄މ‬བ೒6.67᠔
⼎˅ˈ∈ᑇ䕈ᰃ䲚Ё࡯ԡ㕂ⱘᣴᑺˈ䪙Ⳉ䕈ᰃᘏⱘ㥋䕑PDŽᔧ㥋䕑Ң0ᓔྟ๲ࡴᯊˈ㥋䕑԰
⫼ԡ㕂ⱘԡ⿏䗤ℹ๲໻DŽ೼ԡ⿏䖒ࠄ14mmˈ㥋䕑䖒ࠄ㑺630Nᯊˈԡ⿏๲໻Ԛ㥋䕑ϟ䰡ˈ
㸼⼎໇ԧ㒧ᵘ༅〇DŽ䱣ৢˈ㥋䕑বЎ䋳ؐˈ㸼ᯢ㽕㓈ᣕ䖭ḋⱘԡ⿏ؐˈ䳔㽕ড৥ⱘ㥋䕑DŽ
ᔧ㥋䕑㒣ग᳔़ᇣⱘ䋳৥㥋䕑362Nৢˈ㥋䕑Ң䋳ؐজᓔྟ๲ࡴˈԡ⿏гᓔྟ๲䭓ˈ㸼ᯢ೼༅
〇ৢⱘᑇ㸵ԡ㕂˄‫צ‬㕂ⱘ᷅໇˅ˈজᘶ໡њ㒧ᵘⱘᡓ䕑㛑࡯DŽ
⫼“/NOERASEā䆒㕂ϡ⏙䰸Ꮖ᳝೒ᔶৢˈ⫼ĀXVAR,6ā䆒㕂X䕈Ϟⱘব䞣ᰃ6োব䞣
(2ো㡖⚍ⱘԡ⿏UY)ˈ⫼ĀPLVAR,4āᣛᅮ⫼೒ᔶ᳆㒓ᰒ⼎㥋䕑䱣ⴔ2ো㡖⚍ⱘYᮍ৥ⱘԡ
⿏UYⱘব࣪ᚙ‫˄މ‬བ೒6.68᠔⼎ⱘ঺ϔᴵ᳆㒓˅DŽ䆹᳆㒓㸼ᯢ೼㥋䕑ᮑࡴⱘ߱ᳳˈB⚍˄2
ো㡖⚍˅Ў䕀๲䭓䴲ᐌ㓧᜶ˈᔧ㥋䕑䖒ࠄ630Nᯊ(ᇍᑨѢ໇ԧ༅〇)ˈԡ⿏া᳝1.9mmDŽԚ

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䱣ৢ㥋䕑ϟ䰡ˈԡ⿏ैᗹ࠻๲໻ˈᇍᑨѢ໇ԧ༅〇䖛⿟DŽ೼༅〇‫ߚܙ‬ᅠ៤ৢˈ㥋䕑Ң᳔ᇣ
ؐ䋳৥㥋䕑362Nᓔྟˈ೼༅〇ৢⱘᑇ㸵ԡ㕂ˈ㒻㓁ᡓ䕑DŽ

೒6.67 ϸ䖍ㅔᬃᓔষ᷅໇೼䲚Ё࡯԰⫼ϟⱘ㥋䕑Ϣ㥋䕑԰⫼ԡ㕂ⱘԡ⿏݇㋏

೒6.68 ϸ䖍ㅔᬃᓔষ᷅໇೼䲚Ё࡯԰⫼ϟⱘ㥋䕑ϢB⚍ԡ⿏П䯈ⱘ݇㋏

⫼“/ERASEā䆒㕂೼ҹৢⱘ㒬೒Ё‫⏙ܜ‬䰸Ꮖ᳝೒ᔶDŽ
(7) Շ࿌೴ᆦέ२,ͬӉ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫܊ڴ‬೛ѻӾำߑd

2ˊANSYS⿟ᑣ

FINISH
/CLEAR, NOSTART ! ⏙䰸᭄᥂ˈϡࡴ䕑߱ྟ࣪᭛ӊ
! (1) 䆒㕂Ꮉ⿟䗝乍ǃߚᵤ㉏ൟǃᅲᐌ᭄ǃᴤ᭭খ᭄

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/FileName, EX6.7 ! ᅮНᎹ⿟᭛ӊৡ⿄

/PREP7 ! ࡴ䕑ࠡ໘⧚῵ഫ
smrt,off ! ݇䯁ᱎ㛑࣪㔥Ḑࡳ㛑
/TITLE, EX6.7, SNAP-THROUGH BUCKLING OF A HINGED SHELL
:COM CHANG, C.C.,"PERIODICALLY RESTARTED QUASI-NEWTON UPDATES IN
:COM IN CONSTANT ARC-LENGTH METHOD", COMPUTERS AND STRUCTURES,
:COM VOL. 41, NO. 5, PP. 963-972, 1991.
ANTYPE,STATIC ! ᅮНߚᵤ㉏ൟЎ䴭࡯ߚᵤ
ET,1,SHELL63,,1 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬Ўᔍᗻ໇ԧऩ‫ܗ‬SHELL63
R,1,6.350 ! ᅮН໇ԧ८ᑺЎ6.350mm
MP,EX,1,3102.75 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EX=3.12075 GPa
MP,NUXY,1,0.3 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨Ў0.3
! (2)ᅮН㡖⚍ǃ݇䬂⚍ǃ䴶,ᑊᇚ䴶ߦߚЎ䴶ऩ‫ܗ‬
:COM CREATE FINITE ELEMENT MODEL
R1 = 2540 ! ໇ԧЁ䴶᳆⥛ञᕘ2540mm
L = 254 ! ໇ԧϔञ䭓ᑺ254mm
PI = 4*ATAN(1) ! Piؐ
THETA = 0.1*180/PI ! ᇚ0.1ᓻᑺ䕀ᤶЎ㾦ᑺ
CSYS,1 ! ߛᤶࠄ᷅䴶തᷛ㋏
N,1,R1,90 ! ೼(R1,90,0)ԡ㕂ᅮН㄀1Ͼ㡖⚍
N,2,R1,90,L ! ೼(R1,90,L)ԡ㕂ᅮН㄀2Ͼ㡖⚍
K,1,R1,90 ! ೼തᷛ(R1,90,0)໘ᅮН㄀1Ͼ݇䬂⚍
K,2,R1,(90-THETA) ! ೼തᷛ(R1,90-THETA,0)໘ᅮН㄀2Ͼ݇䬂⚍
K,3,R1,90,L ! ೼തᷛ(R1,90,L)໘ᅮН㄀3Ͼ݇䬂⚍
K,4,R1,(90-THETA),L ! ೼തᷛ(R1,90-THETA,L)໘ᅮН㄀4Ͼ݇䬂⚍
ESIZE,,2 ! 䖍⬠Ϟऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬ᯊߦߚЎ2↉
A,1,3,4,2 ! 䖛㡖⚍1,3,4,2ᅮН䴶
/View,1,1,1,1 ! ᇚにষ1ⱘ㾚⚍ߛᤶࠄㄝ䕈⌟ᮍ৥
/PNUM,NODE,1 ! ᠧᓔ㡖⚍ᰒ⼎
AMESH,1 ! ᇍ1ো䴶ᠻ㸠䴶ऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬
NUMMRG,NODE ! ড়ᑊ䎱⾏ᕜ䖥ⱘ㡖⚍
EPLOT ! ೒ᔶᰒ⼎ऩ‫ܗ‬Ꮧ㕂
! (3)ᮑࡴԡ⿏䖍⬠ᴵӊ
:COM APPLY BOUNDARY CONDITIONS
NSEL,S,LOC,Z,0 ! 䗝ᢽZ=0ԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍
DSYM,SYMM,Z ! ᅮН݇ѢZ䕈(XYᑇ䴶)ⱘᇍ⿄ԡ⿏ᴵӊ
NSEL,S,LOC,Y,90 ! 䗝ᢽY=90ᑺԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍
DSYM,SYMM,X ! ᅮН݇ѢX䕈(YZᑇ䴶)ⱘᇍ⿄ԡ⿏ᴵӊ
NSEL,S,LOC,Y,(90-THETA) ! 䗝ᢽY=90-THETAԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍
D,ALL,UX,,,,,UY,UZ ! ᅮН᠔᳝㡖⚍UX,UY੠UZԡ⿏㹿㑺ᴳ
NSEL,ALL ! 䗝ᢽ᠔᳝㒧⚍
F,1,FY,-250 ! ⬅Ѣᇍ⿄,াᮑࡴ1/4㥋䕑,े250N
FINISH ! 䗔ߎࠡ໘⧚῵ഫPREP7
! (4)೼∖㾷῵ഫᅮН㥋䕑ৢ∖㾷

296
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

:COM SOLUTION PHASE

:COM SINCE THE SOLUTION OUTPUT IS SUBSTANTIAL IT IS DIVERTED TO A SCRATCH FILE
/OUTPUT,SCRATCH ! ᇚ䕧ߎ䞡ᅮ৥ࠄ᭛ӊSCRATCH,ҹ䙓‫ܡ‬ሣᐩ䕧ߎ
/SOLU ! 䖯ܹ∖㾷῵ഫ
NLGEOM,ON ! ᠧᓔ໻বᔶ䗝乍
OUTRES,,1 ! 䕧ߎ᠔᳝㥋䕑ℹⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
NSUBST,30 ! ᣝ30Ͼ㥋䕑ᄤℹ䅵ㅫ
ARCLEN,ON,4 ! ᠧᓔᓻ䭓∖㾷ᓔ݇,᳔໮ֱᄬ4ℹ䅵ㅫؐᴹ䖯㸠ᦦؐ䅵ㅫ
SOLVE ! ᓔྟ∖㾷
FINISH ! 䗔ߎ∖㾷῵ഫSOLU
/OUTPUT ! ݇䯁䕧ߎ䞡ᅮ৥
! (5)೼ᯊ䯈ग़⿟ৢ໘⧚῵ഫ,໘⧚ԡ⿏䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
:COM POSTPROCESSING PHASE
/POST26 ! 䖯ܹᯊ䯈ग़⿟ৢ໘⧚఼Post26
NSOL,2,1,U,Y ! ֱᄬ1ো㡖⚍ⱘԡ⿏UY㒧ᵰࠄ㄀2Ͼব䞣
NSOL,3,2,U,Y ! ֱᄬ2ো㡖⚍ⱘԡ⿏UY㒧ᵰࠄ㄀3Ͼব䞣
PROD,4,1,,,LOAD,,,4*250 ! ᇍ㄀1Ͼব䞣Ьҹᘏ㥋䕑4*250ৢֱᄬࠄ㄀4Ͼব䞣
PROD,5,2,,,,,,-1 ! ᇍ㄀2Ͼব䞣ᠻ㸠ᬍবԡ⿏ℷ䋳ো᪡԰ৢֱᄬࠄ5োব䞣
PROD,6,3,,,,,,-1 ! ᇍ㄀3Ͼব䞣ᠻ㸠ᬍবԡ⿏ℷ䋳ো᪡԰ৢֱᄬࠄ6োব䞣
*GET,UY1,VARI,2,EXTREM,VMIN ! ᦤপ2োব䞣ⱘ᳔ᇣؐ,ᄬܹব䞣UY1
*GET,UY2,VARI,3,EXTREM,VMIN ! ᦤপ3োব䞣ⱘ᳔ᇣؐ,ᄬܹব䞣UY2
! (6)೼ᯊ䯈ग़⿟ৢ໘⧚῵ഫ,Ӯ᳓㥋䕑-বᔶ᳆㒓
PRVAR,2,3,4 ! ߫㸼ᰒ⼎㄀2,3,4োব䞣䱣ᯊ䯈ⱘবֵ࣪ᙃ
/AXLAB,X, DEFLECTION (MM) ! ᣛᅮ㒬೒തᷛX䕈Ϟⱘ᭛ᄫᷛ䆚
/AXLAB,Y, TOTAL LOAD (N) ! ᣛᅮ㒬೒തᷛY䕈Ϟⱘ᭛ᄫᷛ䆚
/GRID,1 ! ᰒ⼎X,Yᮍ৥ⱘܼ䚼㔥Ḑ㒓
/XRANGE,0,35 ! X䕈㣗ೈҢ0ࠄ35mm
/YRANGE,-500,1050 ! Y䕈㣗ೈҢ-500Nࠄ1050N
XVAR,5 ! X䕈Ϟⱘব䞣ᰃ5োব䞣
PLVAR,4 ! ೒ᔶ᳆㒓ᰒ⼎㥋䕑䱣ⴔ1ো㡖⚍ⱘ-Yᮍ৥ⱘԡ⿏UYⱘব࣪ᚙ‫މ‬
/NOERASE ! ϡ⏙䰸ॳᴹⱘ೒ᔶ
XVAR,6 ! X䕈Ϟⱘব䞣ᰃ6োব䞣(2ো㡖⚍ⱘԡ⿏UY)
PLVAR,4 ! ೒ᔶ᳆㒓ᰒ⼎㥋䕑䱣ⴔ2ো㡖⚍ⱘ-Yᮍ৥ⱘԡ⿏UYⱘব࣪ᚙ‫މ‬
/ERASE ! 䆒㕂೼㒬೒ࠡ⏙䰸ॳ᳝೒ᔶ
! (7) ᅮН᭄㒘ব䞣,ֱᄬ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰৢ䕧ߎࠄ᭛ӊ
*DIM,LABEL,CHAR,2,2 ! ᅮН2*2ᄫヺൟ᭄㒘LABEL
*DIM,VALUE,,2,3 ! ᅮН2*3ⱘ᭄ؐൟ᭄㒘VALUE
LABEL(1,1) = 'UY @A ','UY @B ' ! 㒭᭄㒘LABELⱘ㄀1߫䌟ؐ
LABEL(1,2) = 'mm ','mm ' ! 㒭᭄㒘LABELⱘ㄀2߫䌟ؐ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,1),DATA,-30,-26 ! 㒭᭄㒘VALUEⱘ㄀1߫䌟খ㗗᭛⤂㒧ᵰ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,2),DATA,UY1,UY2 ! 㒭᭄㒘VALUEⱘ㄀2߫䌟䅵ㅫؐ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,3),DATA,ABS(UY1/30),ABS(UY2/26)
/COM
/OUT, EX6_7, out ! ᇚ䕧ߎ‫ݙ‬ᆍ䞡ᅮ৥ࠄ᭛ӊEX6_7.out

297
 ㄀ゴᵓⱘᔃ᳆੠໇ԧ䅵ㅫ

/COM,------------------- EX6.7 RESULTS COMPARISON ---------------------

/COM,
/COM, | TARGET | ANSYS | RATIO
/COM,
*VWRITE,LABEL(1,1),LABEL(1,2),VALUE(1,1),VALUE(1,2),VALUE(1,3)
(1X,A8,A8,' ',F10.1,' ',F10.1,' ',1F5.3)
/COM,-------------------------------------------------------------
/OUT ! 㒧ᴳ᭄᥂䞡ᅮ৥ˈ݇䯁䕧ߎ᭛ӊ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
*LIST, EX6_7, out ! ߫㸼ᰒ⼎᭛ӊEX6_7.outⱘ‫ݙ‬ᆍ
/DELETE,SCRATCH

3ˊ㒧ᵰ䅼䆎

߽⫼Ϟ䴶⿟ᑣˈᕫࠄϸ䖍ㅔᬃᓔষ᷅໇೼䲚Ё࡯԰⫼ϟˈ㒣ग़ϔ⃵ᭈԧ༅〇ৢˈ೼ᮄ
ⱘᑇ㸵ԡ㕂ⱘবᔶ䞣˄བ㸼6.7᠔⼎˅ˈϢখ㗗᭛⤂[26]: 963-972Ⳍ↨ˈϸ㗙ᕜ᥹䖥DŽ⿟ᑣ
Ёা⫼њ4Ͼऩ‫ܗ‬ህ䅵ㅫߎњᭈϾ༅〇䖛⿟੠༅〇ৢⱘԡ⿏ؐˈ䇈ᯢ⫼໇ԧऩ‫ܗ‬䖯㸠໇ԧ㒧
ᵘⱘ໻বᔶሜ᳆ߚᵤᰃৃ㸠ⱘˈ㒧ᵰгᰃ᳝Ⳍᔧ㊒ᑺⱘDŽ
㸼6.7 ϸ䖍ㅔᬃᓔষ᷅໇೼䲚Ё࡯԰⫼ϟⱘ໻বᔶ᳆ሜ᳔໻ԡ⿏
ˆ
᭛⤂ؐ Ansysؐ ↨ؐ
A⚍ⱘオ৥ԡ⿏UY (mm) 30.0 31.67 1.056
B⚍ⱘオ৥ԡ⿏UY (mm) 26.0 25.84 0.994
ˆ
㸼Ёⱘ᭛⤂ؐᰃҢ೒ᔶ㒧ᵰЁ໻㟈䇏পߎᴹⱘDŽ

298
 ㄀1ゴ ㅔऩᢝय़ᴚ㒧ᵘ

せ』クࢄᡞߗ㈪㐎

7.1 ऩ㞾⬅ᑺᔍㇻ䋼䞣㋏㒳ⱘ乥⥛䅵ㅫ
᳝ϔϾ䞡䞣w=11.121NⱘҾ఼ᬒ㕂೼߮ᑺЎk=8406.4N/mⱘ‵㛊ᬃᑻϞˈ䆩⹂ᅮ䆹Ҿ఼
㞾⬅ᤃࡼⱘ乥⥛DŽ
y

W=11.121N

k=840.64N/m

೒7.1 ऩ㞾⬅ᑺᔍㇻᤃᄤ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟ ೒7.2 ߽⫼Ⳉ᥹ᓎ῵⫳៤ⱘ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟ

1ˊ⧚䆎㾷

ᣝ✻᭛⤂[9]㄀6义ⷕⱘ㒗д1.2-2ˈḍ᥂ऩ㞾⬅ᑺᔍㇻ䋼䞣㋏㒳ⱘ乥⥛݀ᓣˈৃ⹂ᅮߎ
䆹㋏㒳ⱘ㞾⬅ᤃࡼ乥⥛Ў˖
1 k 1 8406.4
f = = = 13.7Hz
2π m 2 × 3.14159 11.121/9.8

2ˊANSYS∖㾷

䖭ᰃϔϾ῵ᗕߚᵤ䯂乬DŽ೼ANSYSЁˈ⫼Ѣᤃࡼ㋏㒳῵ᗕ䅵ㅫⱘऩ‫ܗ‬Џ㽕᳝˖ᔍㇻ䰏
ሐ˄COMBINE˅ऩ‫ܗ‬੠䋼䞣ऩ‫˄ܗ‬MASS˅DŽᴀ䯂乬Ёⱘ䲚Ё䋼䞣া᳝ϔϾ㞾⬅ᑺˈ᠔ҹ
㋏㒳ⱘᤃࡼ῵ᗕ੠ᤃࡼ乥⥛гা᳝ϔϾDŽᅮН῵ൟা䳔㽕ϸϾ㡖⚍ህ໳њˈϔϾ㡖⚍ᰃ䲚
Ё䋼䞣ऩ‫঺ˈܗ‬ϔϾᰃ೎ᅮ⚍㑺ᴳˈЁ䯈䖲᥹ⱘऩ‫ܗ‬ᰃᔍㇻ䰏ሐऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ⬅Ѣ᳝ϸ㉏ऩ‫ߎܗ‬
⦄೼ᴀ䯂乬Ёˈ᠔ҹऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟᅮН੠ᅲᐌ᭄ⱘᅮНˈᰒᕫ↨῵ൟᴀ䑿ᅮН᳈໡ᴖϔ⚍DŽ
佪‫ˈܜ‬䳔㽕䆒㕂῵ൟ∖㾷ⱘ䆌໮䗝乍ˈࣙᣀ᭛ӊৡ⿄FILENAME˄⫼Ѣ㞾ࡼֱᄬ䆌໮
Ё䯈᭄᥂᭛ӊ˅ˈᷛ乬ৡ⿄TITLE˄Џ㽕ߎ⦄೼೒ᔶにষϞ˅ˈߚᵤ㉏ൟANTYPEЎ῵ᗕ
ߚᵤ˄MODAL៪㗙প㓪োˎ˅ঞ݊῵ᗕߚᵤ䗝乍ㄝDŽ⫼ET˄Element Type˅ᅮН䳔㽕⫼ࠄ
ⱘϸ㉏ऩ‫˖ܗ‬COMBINE14੠MASS21ˈҹঞᅗӀⱘᅲᐌ᭄˄Real constant˅DŽ
✊ৢˈ߽⫼㡖⚍ᅮНੑҸN˄Node˅ᅮН㡖⚍ԡ㕂ˈ⫼ऩ‫ܗ‬ᅮНੑҸE˄Element˅ᅮ

299
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

Нऩ‫ܗ‬䖲᥹݇㋏DŽ䖭䞠ⱘ㄀1োᔍㇻऩ‫⬅ܗ‬㡖⚍1੠㡖⚍2㒘៤ˈ㄀2ো䲚Ё䋼䞣ऩ‫ܗ‬া᳝ϔ
Ͼ2ো㡖⚍DŽ䳔㽕⊼ᛣⱘᰃˈ೼ᅮН䖭Ͼऩ‫ܗ‬ᯊ䳔㽕⫼ऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟTYPE੠ᅲᐌ᭄㉏ൟREAL
ੑҸߛᤶऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟ੠ᅲᐌ᭄㉏ൟDŽЎњⓨ⼎བԩ‫ޣ‬ᇣ䅵ㅫ㞾⬅ᑺ᭄Ⳃˈ䖭䞠Փ⫼њᅮНЏ
㞾⬅ᑺੑҸM˄Master DOF˅ᇚ2ো㡖⚍ⱘUYᮍ৥䆒ЎЏ㞾⬅ᑺDŽ
᳔ৢˈᇍ1㡖⚍ᮑࡴњԡ⿏೎ᅮ㑺ᴳˈ2ো㡖⚍UXᮍ৥ⱘ㞾⬅ᑺг㹿㑺ᴳৢˈ߽⫼∖㾷
῵ഫ˄ˋSOLUtion˅Ёⱘ∖㾷ੑҸĀSOLVEāᓔྟ∖㾷DŽ∖㾷ৢⱘ乥⥛㒧ᵰˈৃҹ೼ϔ㠀
ৢ໘⧚῵ഫ/POST1Ёˈ߽⫼㦋পব䞣ؐⱘੑҸĀˆGETāপߎˈᄬܹব䞣FREQDŽ䇏㗙г
ৃҹ䗮䖛GUI⬠䴶ϞⱘĀUtility Menu -> Parameters -> Scale Parameters …āᠧᓔব䞣ᅮНᰒ
⼎にষˈⳟࠄ䆹ব䞣ⱘؐDŽгৃҹ߽⫼ĀUtility Menu-> List -> Other -> Parametersā㦰ऩˈ
߫㸼ᰒ⼎ߎ᠔᳝ব䞣ⱘؐDŽ
ϟ䴶㒭ߎⱘANSYS⿟ᑣৃՓ⫼ĀUtility Menu-> File -> Read Input From …ā㦰ऩࡴ䕑
ᠻ㸠ৢˈ⫳៤䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰⱘ᭛ᴀ᭛ӊĀEX7_1.outāˈ䆹᭛ᴀ᭛ӊৃҹ⫼ӏԩ᭛ᴀ㓪䕥఼ᠧᓔDŽ

⊼ᛣ˖ϟ䴶⿟ᑣЁՓ⫼ⱘ㄀˄6˅↉‫ݙ‬ᆍˈা᳝೼ĀRead Input From …āᮍᓣϟ᳝ᬜDŽ

བᵰ䇏㗙ᰃ⫼ᣋ䋱˄CTRLˇC˅ˈ㉬䌈˄CTRLˇV˅ࠄANSYSੑҸ㸠ⱘᮍᓣᠻ㸠ˈা䳔
㽕ᇚࠡ䴶5↉⿟ᑣ㉬䌈䖛ᴹˈህৃҹⳟߎᠻ㸠䖛⿟੠㒧ᵰњDŽ

ϟ䴶㒭ߎ䆹䯂乬ߚᵤⱘЏ㽕ℹ偸੠ੑҸ䇈ᯢDŽ
(1) ಁᄢٝё༪ົcௐࠓ༪ົcӦ၍फ໸ۤಬШ೴d
⫼Ꮉ⿟᭛ӊৡ⿄ᅮНੑҸĀ/FILENAME, EX7.1āᅮНᔧࠡᎹ⿟᭛ӊৡ⿄ЎEX7.1ˈ೼
ҹϟⱘ䅵ㅫ䖛⿟Ёˈ᠔᳝ⱘЁ䯈᭛ӊ䛑⫼EX7.1ৡ⿄ੑৡˈাᰃ৘㉏ϡৠⱘ᭛ӊ‫݋‬᳝ϡৠⱘ
᭛ӊৡৢ㓔DŽ⫼ࡴ䕑ࠡ໘⧚῵ഫੑҸĀ/PREP7ā䖯ܹࠡ໘⧚῵ഫˈ೼ࠡ໘⧚῵ഫˈ᠔᳝⫼
Ѣࠡ໘⧚᪡԰ⱘੑҸᠡৃҹ㹿䆚߿੠໘⧚ˈ㗠݊Ҫ῵ഫⱘੑҸᰃϡ㛑೼䖭䞠Փ⫼ⱘDŽ⫼ᷛ
乬ᅮНੑҸĀ/TITLEāᅮНᷛ乬ֵᙃˈᷛ乬ֵᙃЏ㽕ߎ⦄೼೒ᔶにষᑩ䚼DŽ
⫼ߚᵤ㉏ൟᅮНੑҸĀANTYPE,MODALāᅮНᔧࠡᎹ⿟ⱘߚᵤ㉏ൟЎ῵ᗕ˄MODAL˅
ߚᵤˈᑊ⫼῵ᗕߚᵤ䗝乍ᅮНੑҸĀMODOPT,REDUC,1,,,1āᅮНᰒ⼎᠔᳝῵ᗕˈ⫼῵ᗕ
ሩᓔϾ᭄ᅮНੑҸĀMXPAND,1āᣛᅮাሩᓔ㄀1䰊῵ᗕDŽ
⫼ ऩ ‫ ㉏ ܗ‬ൟ ᅮ Н ੑ Ҹ Ā ET,1,COMBIN14,,,2āᅮН㄀ 1 ㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬Ў 2D 㒉 ৥ ᔍ ㇻ ऩ ‫ܗ‬
COMBIN14ˈ⫼ĀET,2,MASS21,,,4āᅮН㄀2㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬Ў2D䋼䞣ऩ‫ܗ‬MASS21DŽ
⫼ᅲᐌ᭄ᅮНੑҸĀR,1, 8406.4āᅮН㄀1㉏ᅲᐌ᭄ˈᔍㇻ߮ᑺ㋏᭄k=8406.4 N/mDŽ⫼
ĀR,2, 11.121/9.8āᅮН㄀2㉏ᅲᐌ᭄ˈ䲚Ё䋼䞣m=11.121/9.8 kgDŽ䖭䞠Փ⫼њ㸼䖒ᓣ䌟ؐˈ
೼ANSYSЁⱘ䆌໮ഄᮍ䛑ᬃᣕ㸼䖒ᓣ䌟ؐDŽ
(2) Շ࿌੦໸ࠋԤสᄢۤӦ၍ॕࠄ‫ڑ‬ຂd
⫼㡖⚍ᅮНੑҸĀN,1ā೼തᷛॳ⚍˄0,0,0˅ᅮН㄀1ো㒧⚍ˈ䖭䞠ⱘĀ0āৃҹ㹿ⳕ⬹DŽ
⫼ĀN,2,,1ā೼തᷛ˄0,1m,0˅ᅮН㄀2ো㒧⚍DŽ
⫼ऩ‫ܗ‬ᅮНੑҸĀE,1,2ā䖛1ো㡖⚍੠2ো㡖⚍ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ⫼ᔧࠡऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟᅮНੑҸ
ĀTYPE,2āᇚ咬䅸ⱘऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟҢ㄀1㉏ᔍㇻऩ‫ˈܗ‬ᬍবЎ㄀2㉏䋼䞣ऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ೼Փ⫼䖭ϾੑҸ
Пࠡˈ ANSYS咬䅸Ўऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟЎ1ˈ ᅲᐌ᭄㉏ൟгᰃ1DŽ⫼ᔧࠡᅲᐌ᭄㉏ൟᅮНੑҸ
ĀREAL,2ā
ᇚ咬䅸ⱘᅲᐌ᭄Ң㄀1㉏ᅲᐌ᭄˄ᔍㇻ߮ᑺ˅ˈᬍবЎ㄀2㉏ᅲᐌ᭄˄䲚Ё䋼䞣˅DŽ䖭ϸϾ
ੑҸ⫼ѢᬍবҹϟᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬ᯊ᠔Փ⫼ⱘऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟ੠ᅲᐌ᭄ˈгህᰃ䇈ˈࠡ䴶Ꮖ㒣ᅮНⱘऩ

300
 ㄀ゴㅔऩᤃࡼ㋏㒳

‫ܗ‬Փ⫼ⱘᰃ㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬੠㄀1㉏ᅲᐌ᭄ˈ㗠ϟ䴶㽕ᅮНⱘऩ‫߭ܗ‬㽕Փ⫼㄀2㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬੠㄀2㉏ᅲ
ᐌ᭄DŽ
ऩ‫ܗ‬ᅮНੑҸĀE,2ā⫼㄀2Ͼ㡖⚍ᅮН㄀2Ͼऩ‫ܗ‬DŽЏ㞾⬅ᑺᅮНੑҸĀM,2,UYāᣛ
ᅮњ2ো㡖⚍ⱘЏ㞾⬅ᑺЎUYᮍ৥DŽ
(3) ᄗՇ೛ѻ༪ົcสྭၟ೯d
⫼䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ䕧ߎ䗝乍ᅮНੑҸĀOUTPR,ALL,1āᣛᅮা䕧ߎ㄀1䰊῵ᗕⱘ᠔᳝‫ݙ‬ᆍDŽ
⫼ĀOUTRES,ALL,0ā䆒㕂ᇚ᠔᭄᳝᥂ϡ䆄ᔩࠄ᭄᥂ᑧDŽ
⫼ԡ⿏㑺ᴳᅮНੑҸĀD,1,ALLā㑺ᴳ1ো㡖⚍ⱘ᠔᳝ԡ⿏㞾⬅ᑺˈ⫼ĀD,2,UX ā㑺ᴳ
2ো㡖⚍ⱘUXᮍ৥㞾⬅ᑺDŽ߽⫼ℹ偸(1)ࠄ(3)ˈ⫳៤њབ೒7.2᠔⼎ⱘ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟDŽ
(4) ࠩదௐࠓ੦ࣖωௐࠓd
(5) ඔ௜‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ڴ‬d
⫼䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰᦤপੑҸĀ*GET,FREQ,MODE,1,FREQāᦤপ㄀1䰊῵ᗕⱘ乥⥛䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰˈ
ᑊ ֱ ᄬ ࠄ ব 䞣 FREQ Ё DŽ 䗮 䖛 GUI ⬠ 䴶 Ϟ ⱘ Ā Utility Menu -> Parameters -> Scale
Parameters …āᠧᓔব䞣ᅮНᰒ⼎にষˈⳟࠄ䆹ব䞣ⱘؐDŽ
(6) Շ࿌೴ᆦέ२ēߜ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ڴ‬೛ѻӾำ·ำߑd

3ˊANSYS⑤⿟ᑣ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎҹࠡ῵ഫ
/CLEAR, NOSTART ! ⏙䰸᭄᥂ˈϡࡴ䕑߱ྟ࣪᭛ӊ
!(1) 䆒㕂Ꮉ⿟䗝乍ǃ∖㾷䗝乍ǃऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟ੠ᅲᐌ᭄
/FILENAME, EX7.1 ! ᅮНᎹ⿟᭛ӊৡ⿄
/PREP7 ! ࡴ䕑ࠡ໘⧚῵ഫ
/TITLE, EX7.1, NATURAL FREQUENCY OF A SPRING-MASS SYSTEM
C*** VIBRATION THEORY AND APPLICATIONS, THOMSON, 2ND, PAGE 6, EXˊ1.2-2
ANTYPE,MODAL ! ᅮНߚᵤ㉏ൟЎ῵ᗕ˄MODAL˅ߚᵤ
MODOPT,REDUC,1,,,1 ! ᰒ⼎᠔᳝῵ᗕ
MXPAND,1 ! ሩᓔ㄀1䰊乥⥛
ET,1,COMBIN14,,,2 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬Ў2D㒉৥ᔍㇻऩ‫ܗ‬COMBIN14
ET,2,MASS21,,,4 ! ᅮН㄀2㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬Ў2D䋼䞣ऩ‫ܗ‬MASS21
R,1, 8406.4 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᅲᐌ᭄,ᔍㇻ߮ᑺ㋏᭄k=8406.4 N/m
R,2, 11.121/9.8 ! ᅮН㄀2㉏ᅲᐌ᭄,䲚Ё䋼䞣m=11.121/9.8 kg
!(2) ᅮН῵ൟ㡖⚍੠ऩ‫ܗ‬䖲᥹݇㋏
N,1 ! ೼തᷛॳ⚍˄0,0,0˅ᅮН㄀1ো㒧⚍
N,2,,1 ! ೼തᷛ˄0,1,0˅ᅮН㄀2ো㒧⚍
E,1,2 ! 䖛1ো㡖⚍੠2ো㡖⚍ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬
TYPE,2 ! ᇚ咬䅸ⱘऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟҢᔍㇻऩ‫ܗ‬,ᬍবЎ㄀2㉏ऩ‫˄ܗ‬䋼䞣ऩ‫˅ܗ‬
REAL,2 ! ᇚ咬䅸ⱘᅲᐌ᭄Ңᔍㇻ߮ᑺ,ᬍবЎ㄀2㉏ᅲᐌ᭄˄䲚Ё䋼䞣˅
E,2 ! ⫼㄀2Ͼ㡖⚍ᅮН㄀2Ͼऩ‫ܗ‬
M,2,UY ! ᣛᅮ2ো㡖⚍ⱘUy㞾⬅ᑺЎЏ㞾⬅ᑺ
!(3) ᣛᅮ䕧ߎ䗝乍,ԡ⿏㑺ᴳ
OUTPR,ALL,1 ! 䕧ߎ㄀1䰊乥⥛ⱘ᠔᳝‫ݙ‬ᆍ
OUTRES,ALL,0 ! ᠔᭄᳝᥂ϡ䆄ᔩࠄ᭄᥂ᑧ

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 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

D,1,ALL ! 㑺ᴳ1ো㡖⚍ⱘ᠔᳝ԡ⿏㞾⬅ᑺ
D,2,UX ! 㑺ᴳ2ো㡖⚍ⱘXᮍ৥㞾⬅ᑺUX
FINISH ! 䗔ߎࠡ໘⧚῵ഫPREP7
!(4) 䖯ܹ∖㾷῵ഫ∖㾷
/SOLU ! ࡴ䕑∖㾷῵ഫ
SOLVE ! ᓔྟ∖㾷
!(5) ᦤপ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
*GET,FREQ,MODE,1,FREQ ! ᦤপ㄀1䰊῵ᗕⱘ乥⥛䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ,ᄬܹব䞣FREQ
!(6) ᅮН᭄㒘ব䞣,ᇚ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ䕧ߎࠄ᭛ᴀ᭛ӊ
*DIM,LABEL,CHAR,1,2 ! ᅮН1ˆ2ⱘᄫヺൟব䞣LABEL
*DIM,VALUE,,1,3 ! ᅮН咬䅸Ў᭄ؐൟⱘ1ˆ3ⱘ᭄ؐൟব䞣VALUE
LABEL(1,1) = ' F,' ! 㒭᭄㒘‫ܗ‬㋴LABEL(1,1)ব䞣䌟ؐᄫヺІ
LABEL(1,2) = '(Hz) ' ! 㒭᭄㒘‫ܗ‬㋴LABEL(1,2)ব䞣䌟ؐᄫヺІ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,1),DATA,13.701 ! 㒭᭄㒘‫ܗ‬㋴LABEL(1,1)ব䞣䌟⧚䆎ؐ13.701
*VFILL,VALUE(1,2),DATA,FREQ ! 㒭᭄㒘‫ܗ‬㋴LABEL(1,2)ব䞣䌟䅵ㅫؐFREQ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,3),DATA,ABS(FREQ/13.701) ! 㒭᭄㒘‫ܗ‬㋴LABEL(1,3)ব䞣䌟乥⥛䅵ㅫ㒧
ᵰ੠⧚䆎ؐⱘ↨ؐ
/COM
/OUT, EX7_1, out ! ᇚ䕧ߎ‫ݙ‬ᆍ䞡ᅮ৥ࠄ᭛ӊEX7_1.out
/COM,------------------- EX7.1 RESULTS COMPARISON ---------------
/COM,
/COM, | TARGET | ANSYS | RATIO
/COM,
*VWRITE,LABEL(1,1),LABEL(1,2),VALUE(1,1),VALUE(1,2),VALUE(1,3)
(1X,A8,A8,' ',F10.3,' ',F10.3,' ',1F5.3)
/COM,-----------------------------------------------------------
/OUT ! 㒧ᴳ᭄᥂䞡ᅮ৥,݇䯁䕧ߎ᭛ӊ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎ∖㾷῵ഫSOLU
*LIST, EX7_1, out ! ߫㸼ᰒ⼎㒧ᵰ᭛ӊEX7_1.outⱘ‫ݙ‬ᆍ

4ˊ 㒧ᵰ↨䕗੠䅼䆎

䗮䖛Ϟ䴶⿟ᑣⱘ䅵ㅫˈᕫࠄњབ㸼7.1᠔⼎ⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰˈ㸼Ёⱘ⧚䆎ؐᰃࠡ䴶ⱘ⧚䆎䅵
ㅫ㒧ᵰˈANSYSؐᰃ⿟ᑣ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰDŽ䗮䖛↨䕗ৃҹⳟߎˈሑㅵ䗝পњ2Ͼ㡖⚍ϔϾ㞾⬅ᑺˈ
䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ੠⧚䆎㒧ᵰ䴲ᐌ᥹䖥ˈ䇈ᯢANSYS᳝䰤‫ߚܗ‬ᵤ㋏㒳ⱘ῵ᗕߚᵤࡳ㛑ᇍ߮ԧᤃࡼ㋏
㒳ˈҡ✊‫݋‬᳝䴲ᐌ㊒⹂ⱘ䅵ㅫ㛑࡯DŽ
㸼7.1 ऩ㞾⬅ᑺᤃࡼ㋏㒳ⱘ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ੠⧚䆎㒧ᵰⱘ↨䕗
乥⥛䰊᭄ ⧚䆎ؐ ANSYSؐ ↨ؐ
㄀1䰊乥⥛(Hz) 13.701 13.698 1.000

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7.2  ㋶㞾⬅ᤃࡼⱘ乥⥛

䭓ᑺl=2.54mⱘᶨ䕃㓇㋶ˈᓴ㋻ৢ⫼䫄䫒೎ᅮ䖲᥹೼ϸ߮ᗻᬃᑻП䯈˄བ೒7.3᠔⼎˅ˈ
3
Ꮖⶹᓴ㋻ৢⱘ䕈৥ᑨবЎ©0 =0.543228%ˈᴤ᭭ᆚᑺµ=7727.4kg/m ˈᔍᗻ῵䞣E=207GPaˈ
2
῾៾䴶䴶⿃A=1.97925mm ˈ䆩߽⫼ϝ㓈ᢝय़ᴚऩ‫ܗ‬LINK10⹂ᅮ೼䆹⢊ᗕϟ㓇㋶‫ⱘݙ‬ᢝᑨ
࡯੠ᓴ࡯ˈҹঞ㒉৥㞾⬅ᤃࡼⱘࠡ3䰊乥⥛DŽ
y

F x

l=2.54m

೒7.3  ㋶㒉৥㞾⬅ᤃࡼߚᵤⱘ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟ

1ˊ⧚䆎㾷

ᣝ✻᭛⤂[9]ⱘ264义ˈ㒗д8.2Ёⱘ݀ᓣDŽḍ᥂ᢝय़ᴚⱘ㰢‫ܟ‬ᅮᕟˈ೼䕈৥ᑨব ε 0 ᯊˈ
㓇㋶‫ⱘݙ‬ᑨ࡯੠ᓴ࡯ߚ߿Ў˖
¶=E©0 =207× 109 ×0.00543228=1124.5Mpa
-6 9
T=A¶=AE©0 =1.97925× 10 × 207× 10 ×0.00543228=2225.63N
ऩԡ䭓ᑺЎ?Aⱘᶨ䕃㓇㋶೼ᓴ࡯T԰⫼ϟ㞾⬅ᤃࡼⱘᮍ⿟Ў˖
∂ 2 y ( x , t) 1 ∂ 2 y ( x, t )
=
∂x 2 c2 ∂t 2
݊Ёˈ c = T /( ρ A) ᰃ⊶⊓ⴔ㓇㋶㒉৥Ӵ᪁ⱘ䗳ᑺDŽ
‫؛‬䆒⊶ࡼ㾷⒵䎇ߚ⾏ব䞣ᔶᓣ y ( x , t ) = Y (x ) G( t) ˈҷܹࠄࠡ䴶ⱘᤃࡼᮍ⿟ৢᕫࠄ˖
1 d 2Y ( x) 1 1 d 2 G (t )
=
Y (x ) dx 2 c 2 G(t ) dt 2
1 d 2 Y ( x) 1 1 d 2 G (t )
= = 2
Y (x ) dx 2 c G (t ) dt 2
Ϟ䴶ᮍ⿟ⱘᎺջাϢ x ᳝݇ˈϢ t ᮴݇˗ᮍ⿟ⱘেջাϢ t ᳝݇ˈϢ x ᮴݇DŽ᠔ҹϸッ
ህᖙ乏ㄝѢϔϾᐌ᭄ˈ䆒䖭Ͼᐌ᭄Ў − (ω/ c) 2 DŽ䖭ḋህᕫࠄњϸϾᐌᖂߚᮍ⿟˖
2
d 2 Y (x ) ⎛ ω ⎞
+ ⎜ ⎟ Y (x ) = 0
dx 2 ⎝c⎠
d 2 G(t )
2
+ ω 2 G ( t) = 0
dt
䖭ϸϾᐌᖂߚᮍ⿟ⱘ䗮㾷Ў˖
ω ω
Y(x)=Asin x+Bcos x
c c
G(t)=Csin¹t+Dcos¹t

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 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

݊Ёⱘ⿃ߚᐌ᭄AˈB⬅䖍⬠ᴵӊ⹂ᅮˈCˈD⬅߱ྟᴵӊ⹂ᅮDŽ
ᇍѢϸッ೎ᅮⱘᓴ㋻㓇㋶ˈ೼x=0੠x=l໘᳝ԡ⿏䖍⬠ᴵӊ˖
y(0,t)=y(l,t)
⬅x=0໘ⱘᴵӊ⹂ᅮߎB=0DŽℸᯊᤃࡼ㾷বЎ˖
ω
y(x,t)=(Csin¼t+Dcos ¼t)sin x
c
঺ϔッx=l໘ⱘ䖍⬠ᴵӊ y( l , t) = 0 ⹂ᅮߎ˖
ωl
sin =0
c
े
ω n l 2πl
= = nπ ˈ (n=1,2,3,...)
c λ
݊Ё λ = c / f ᰃ⊶䭓ˈ f ᰃᤃࡼ乥⥛DŽ಴ℸ៥Ӏᕫࠄᶨ䕃㓇㋶㒉৥㞾⬅ᤃࡼⱘ乥⥛䅵ㅫ
݀ᓣЎ˖
n 2n T
fn = c= ˈ (n=1,2,3,...)
2l 2l ρA
ᇚᏆⶹ᭄᥂ҷܹϞ䴶݀ᓣˈᕫࠄ˖
1 T 1 2225.63
f1 = = =75.09Hz
2l ρA 2 × 2. 54 7727.4 × 1.97925 × 10 −6
1 T 1 2225. 63
f1 = = =150.18Hz
l ρA 2.54 7727. 4 × 1. 97925 × 10 −6
1 T 3 2225. 63
f3 = = =225.27Hz
2l ρA 2 × 2. 54 7727.4 × 1.97925 × 10 −6

2ˊANSYS∖㾷

೼䭓ᑺ2.54mⱘ㣗ೈ‫ݙ‬Ꮧ㕂14Ͼ㡖⚍ˈߦߚ13Ͼऩ‫˄ܗ‬བ೒7.3᠔⼎˅ˈ೎ᅮ㄀1Ͼ㡖⚍
੠᳔ৢϔϾ13ো㡖⚍DŽ⬅Ѣ㒧ᵘ೼ᮑࡴ㥋䕑ПࠡᏆ㒣᳝߱ྟⱘᓴ࡯ˈ䖭䞠Փ⫼乘ᑨ࡯ᓔ݇
ᴹ῵ᢳ䖭⾡⢊ᗕDŽ
乥⥛䅵ㅫՓ⫼ᄤぎ䯈䗁ҷᮍ⊩ˈ݊Ҫ∖㾷乥⥛ⱘᮍ⊩гৃҹՓ⫼DŽ䖭䞠䅵ㅫࠡ3䰊乥⥛DŽ
ϟ䴶㒭ߎⱘᰃߚᵤ⿟ᑣⱘЏ㽕ℹ偸੠䇈ᯢDŽ
(1) ࠩద஍҉स੦ࣖ/PREP7ēՇ࿌ٝё༪ົc‫ד‬๥फ໸cӦ၍फ໸cಬШ೴ۤϫॸ
ϵ೴d
⫼ANTYPE⬇ᯢЎ䴭࡯ߚᵤˈ‫ܜ‬䅵ㅫ᳝乘ᑨ࡯ᚙ‫މ‬ϟⱘᢝᑨ࡯੠ᓴ࡯DŽ⫼ETੑҸᅮН
ऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟЎѠ㓈ᴚऩ‫ܗ‬LINK1ˈᑊ⫼ᅲᐌ᭄ᅮНੑҸRᅮНᴚӊⱘ῾៾䴶䴶⿃Ў1.97925ᑇ
ᮍ↿㉇ˈ߱ᑨব0.54322ˁDŽ⫼ᴤ᭭ᅮНੑҸMPᅮНᔍᗻ῵䞣EX˙209GPaˈᆚᑺDENS˙
3
7727.4kg/m DŽ
(2) Շ࿌ࠋԤۤӦ၍d
⫼㡖⚍ᅮНੑҸN೼തᷛॳ⚍˄0,0,0˅ᅮН㒧⚍1ˈ೼തᷛ˄2.54m,0,0˅ᅮН㒧⚍14DŽ

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 ㄀ゴㅔऩᤃࡼ㋏㒳

Փ⫼㡖⚍฿‫ܙ‬ੑҸFILL೼㒧⚍1੠㡖⚍14Ё䯈฿‫⫳ܙ‬៤݊Ҫ㡖⚍DŽ
⫼ऩ‫ܗ‬ᅮНੑҸ E䖛㡖⚍1ˈ 2ᅮН㄀ϔϾऩ‫⫼ˈܗ‬ऩ‫⫳ܗ‬៤ੑҸEGEN˄ Element
GENeration˅ᣝ✻㄀ϔϾऩ‫ⱘܗ‬῵ᓣᕾ⦃13⃵⫳៤݊Ҫ12Ͼऩ‫⃵↣ˈܗ‬ऩ‫ܗ‬ϸッⱘ㡖⚍ো
ⷕ๲ࡴ1DŽ߽⫼ҹϞੑҸ⫳៤њབ೒7.4᠔⼎ⱘ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟDŽ

೒7.4 ߽⫼㡖⚍੠ऩ‫᥹Ⳉܗ‬ᓎ῵⫳៤ⱘ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟ

(3) ಁᄢ೛ѻ༪ົۤสྭၟ೯d
⫼ĀOUTPR,BASIC,1āᣛᅮা䕧ߎ㄀1䰊῵ᗕⱘ෎ᴀ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰDŽ⫼ĀD,ALL,ALLā೎
ᅮ᠔᳝㡖⚍ⱘ᠔᳝㞾⬅ᑺˈҹ䖯㸠᳝乘ᑨ࡯ⱘ䴭࡯ߚᵤDŽᮑࡴ䖭ѯԡ⿏㑺ᴳৢˈ῵ൟব៤
བ೒7.5᠔⼎ⱘḋᄤDŽ

೒7.5 ᮑࡴԡ⿏㑺ᴳৢⱘ῵ൟ

305
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

(4) ၽௐࠓ੦ࣖ/SOLUᄯēௐࠓ၇࿫ॏ࿤୯ԅ࿫ॏᅱൟd
(5) ၽྡྷ͎‫҉܊‬स੦ࣖ/POST1ēՇ࿌Ӧ၍ζēඔ௜Ӧ၍ԅ࿫ॏ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ڴ‬d
⫼ऩ‫ܗ‬㸼ᅮНੑҸETABLEҹ䕈৥ᑨ࡯ĀLS,1āЎ‫ݙ‬ᆍˈᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬㸼STRSDŽ⫼㦋পऩ
‫ܗ‬㸼᭄᥂ੑҸĀ*GETāҢऩ‫ܗ‬㸼STRSЁᦤপ13োऩ‫ⱘܗ‬䕈৥ᑨ࡯ˈᄬܹব䞣STRSSDŽ
(6) ၽನ޷ॅё‫҉܊‬स੦ࣖ/POST26ᄯē‫ޙ‬സᄆᆶֱॏd
⫼ড࡯䅵ㅫੑҸĀRFORCE,2,1,F,Xā䅵ㅫ1ো㡖⚍೼Xᮍ৥ⱘᬃᑻড࡯ˈᑊᄬܹPOST26
῵ഫЁⱘ㄀2Ͼব䞣DŽ⫼STOREੑҸֱᄬ᭄᥂ࠄ᭄᥂ᑧˈ⫼Ā*GETāੑҸҢ᭄᥂ᑧЁᦤপ
㄀2Ͼব䞣ⱘؐˈᄬܹব䞣FORCEDŽ䖭ѯব䞣ⱘؐৃҹ䗮䖛GUI⬠䴶ϞⱘĀUtility Menu ->
Parameters -> Scale Parameters …āᠧᓔব䞣ᅮНᰒ⼎にষˈⳟࠄ䆹ব䞣ⱘؐ˄བ೒7.6᠔⼎˅DŽ
(7) ၼұࠩదௐࠓ੦ࣖ/SOLUēࠩ໻੦ൟ‫ד‬๥d
⫼ߚᵤ㉏ൟᅮНੑҸĀANTYPE,MODALāᅮНߚᵤ㉏ൟЎ῵ᗕߚᵤˈᑊ⫼῵ᗕߚᵤ
䗝乍ᅮНੑҸĀMODOPT,SUBSP,3āᣛᅮՓ⫼ᄤぎ䯈ᕾ⦃䗁ҷᮍ⊩ሩᓔࠡ3Ͼ῵ᗕˈ䆒㕂
ĀPSTRES,ONā䗝乍ࣙᣀ乘ᑨ࡯ᬜᑨDŽ⫼ߴ䰸ԡ⿏㑺ᴳੑҸĀDDELE,2,UX,13ā䞞ᬒ2ো㡖
⚍ࠄ13ো㡖⚍ⱘ᠔᳝Xᮍ৥ⱘ㞾⬅ᑺUXˈ⫼ĀDDELE,2,UY,13ā䞞ᬒ2ো㡖⚍ࠄ13ো㡖⚍ⱘ
᠔᳝Yᮍ৥ⱘ㞾⬅ᑺUYDŽ
(8) ‫ݦ‬௜஍ੋ3ࠈ଴৑
⫼Ā*GET,FREQ1,MODE,1,FREQā㦋প㄀1䰊乥⥛ˈᄬܹব䞣FREQ1ˈৠḋৃҹᦤপ
ߎ㄀2䰊੠㄀3䰊乥⥛ˈߚ߿ֱᄬࠄব䞣FREQ2੠FREQ3DŽ䖭ѯব䞣ⱘؐৃҹ䗮䖛GUI⬠䴶
ϞⱘĀUtility Menu -> Parameters -> Scale Parameters …āᠧᓔব䞣ᅮНᰒ⼎にষˈⳟࠄ䆹ব
䞣ⱘؐ˄བ೒7.7˅DŽ

೒7.6 ߽⫼*GETੑҸᦤপߎⱘ䴭࡯䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ ೒7.7 ⫼*GETᦤপߎⱘ῵ᗕߚᵤ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ

(9) Շ࿌೴ᆦέ२ēߜ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ڴ‬Ӊదำ·ำߑEX7_2.outd

3ˊANSYS⑤⿟ᑣ

FINISH
/CLEAR, NOSTART ! ⏙䰸᭄᥂ˈϡࡴ䕑߱ྟ࣪᭛ӊ
!(1) ᅮНᎹ⿟䗝乍ǃߚᵤ㉏ൟऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟǃᅲᐌ᭄੠ᴤ᭭খ᭄

306
 ㄀ゴㅔऩᤃࡼ㋏㒳

/FILENAME, EX7.2 ! ᅮНᎹ⿟᭛ӊৡ

/PREP7 ! ࡴ䕑ࠡ໘⧚῵ഫ
/TITLE, EX7.2, VIBRATION OF A STRING UNDER TENSION
C*** VIBRATION THEORY AND APPLICATIONS, THOMSON, 2ND.,PAGE 264, ARTˊ8.2,
ANTYPE,STATIC ! ᅮНߚᵤ㉏ൟЎ䴭࡯ߚᵤ
PSTRES,ON ! ᠧᓔ乘ᑨ࡯ᓔ݇(䆹䗝乍ᇍѢ᳝乘ᑨ࡯ⱘᤃࡼߚᵤᰃ䴲ᐌ䞡㽕ⱘ)
ET,1,LINK1 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬ЎѠ㓈ᴚऩ‫ܗ‬LINK1
R,1,1.97925E-6,0.54322E-2 ! ᅮНᴚⱘ៾䴶⿃1.97925mm^2੠߱ᑨব0.54322%
MP,EX,1,207E9 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣ЎEX=207GPa
MP,DENS,1,7727.4 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᆚᑺDENS=7727.4kg
!(2) ᅮН㡖⚍੠ऩ‫ܗ‬
N,1 ! ೼തᷛॳ⚍˄0,0,0˅ᅮН㒧⚍1
N,14,2.54 ! ೼തᷛ˄2.54m,0,0˅ᅮН㒧⚍14
FILL ! ೼㒧⚍1੠㡖⚍14Ё䯈฿‫⫳ܙ‬៤݊Ҫ㡖⚍
E,1,2 ! 䖛㡖⚍1,2ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬
EGEN,13,1,1 ! ᣝ✻ࠡ䴶ᅮНⱘऩ‫ܗ‬῵ᓣᕾ⦃13⃵⫳៤݊Ҫ12Ͼऩ‫ܗ‬,↣⃵㡖⚍ো๲ࡴ1
!(3) 䆒㕂䕧ߎ䗝乍੠ԡ⿏㑺ᴳ
OUTPR,BASIC,1 ! া䕧ߎ㄀1䰊῵ᗕⱘ෎ᴀ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
D,ALL,ALL ! ೎ᅮ᠔᳝㡖⚍,䖯㸠᳝乘ᑨ࡯ⱘ䴭࡯ߚᵤ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎࠡ໘⧚῵ഫPREP7
!(4) ೼∖㾷῵ഫ,∖㾷乘ᑨ࡯ᓩ䍋ⱘᑨ࡯⢊ᗕ
/SOLU ! ࡴ䕑∖㾷῵ഫ
SOLVE ! ᓔྟ∖㾷
FINISH ! 䗔ߎ∖㾷῵ഫSOLU
!(5) ೼ৢ໘⧚῵ഫ,ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬㸼,ᦤপऩ‫ⱘܗ‬ᑨ࡯䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
/POST1 ! 䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
ETABLE,STRS,LS,1 ! ҹ䕈৥ᑨ࡯”LS,1”Ў‫ݙ‬ᆍ,ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬㸼STRS
*GET,STRSS,ELEM,13,ETAB,STRS ! Ңऩ‫ܗ‬㸼STRSЁᦤপ13োऩ‫ⱘܗ‬䕈৥ᑨ࡯,ᄬܹব䞣STRSS
FINISH ! 䗔ߎৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
!(6) ೼ᯊ䯈ग़⿟ৢ໘⧚῵ഫЁ,䅵ㅫᬃᑻড࡯
/POST26 ! 䖯ܹᯊ䯈ग़⿟ৢ໘⧚఼Post26
RFORCE,2,1,F,X ! 䅵ㅫ1ো㡖⚍ⱘXᮍ৥ⱘᬃᑻড࡯,ᄬܹ㄀2Ͼব䞣
STORE ! ֱᄬ᭄᥂
*GET,FORCE,VARI,2,EXTREM,VMAX ! Ң᭄᥂ᑧЁᦤপ㄀2Ͼব䞣ⱘؐ,ᄬܹব䞣FORCE
!(7) ‫⃵ݡ‬䖯ܹ∖㾷῵ഫ,䖯㸠῵ᗕߚᵤ
/SOLU ! ࡴ䕑∖㾷῵ഫ
ANTYPE,MODAL ! ᅮНߚᵤ㉏ൟЎ῵ᗕߚᵤ
MODOPT,SUBSP,3 ! ⫼ᄤぎ䯈ᕾ⦃䗁ҷᮍ⊩䅵ㅫࠡ3Ͼ῵ᗕ
MXPAND,3 ! ሩᓔࠡ3䰊῵ᗕ
PSTRES,ON ! ࣙᣀ乘ᑨ࡯ᬜᑨ
DDELE,2,UX,13 ! 䞞ᬒ2ো㡖⚍ࠄ13ো㡖⚍ⱘ᠔᳝Xᮍ৥ⱘ㞾⬅ᑺUX
DDELE,2,UY,13 ! 䞞ᬒ2ো㡖⚍ࠄ13ো㡖⚍ⱘ᠔᳝Yᮍ৥ⱘ㞾⬅ᑺUY
SOLVE ! ᓔྟ῵ᗕߚᵤⱘ∖㾷
!(8) 㦋পࠡ䴶3䰊乥⥛

307
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

*GET,FREQ1,MODE,1,FREQ ! 㦋প㄀1䰊乥⥛,ᄬܹব䞣FREQ1
*GET,FREQ2,MODE,2,FREQ ! 㦋প㄀2䰊乥⥛,ᄬܹব䞣FREQ2
*GET,FREQ3,MODE,3,FREQ ! 㦋প㄀3䰊乥⥛,ᄬܹব䞣FREQ3
!(9) ᅮН᭄㒘ব䞣,ᇚ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰᄬܹ᭛ӊ
*DIM,LABEL,CHAR,5,2
*DIM,VALUE,,5,3
LABEL(1,1) = ' F,',' SI',' f1',' f2',' f3'
LABEL(1,2) = ' N ','GMA,MPa ',', Hz ',', Hz ',', Hz '
*VFILL,VALUE(1,1),DATA,2225.63, 1124.5,75.09,150.18,225.27
*VFILL,VALUE(1,2),DATA,ABS(FORCE),STRSS/1e6,FREQ1,FREQ2,FREQ3
*VFILL,VALUE(1,3),DATA,ABS(FORCE/2225.63),ABS(STRSS/1124.5e6),ABS(FREQ1/75.09)
*VFILL,VALUE(4,3),DATA,ABS(FREQ2/150.18),ABS(FREQ3/225.27)
/COM
/OUT, EX7_2, out ! ᇚ䕧ߎ‫ݙ‬ᆍ䞡ᅮ৥ࠄ᭛ӊ
/COM,------------------- EX7.2 RESULTS COMPARISON ---------------
/COM,
/COM, | TARGET | ANSYS | RATIO
/COM,
*VWRITE,LABEL(1,1),LABEL(1,2),VALUE(1,1),VALUE(1,2),VALUE(1,3)
(1X,A8,A8,' ',F10.3,' ',F10.3,' ',1F5.3)
/COM,-----------------------------------------------------------
/OUT ! 㒧ᴳ᭄᥂䞡ᅮ৥,݇䯁䕧ߎ᭛ӊ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
*LIST, EX7_2, out ! ߫㸼ᰒ⼎᭛ӊ‫ݙ‬ᆍ

4ˊ㒧ᵰ↨䕗੠䅼䆎

߽⫼Ϟ䴶⿟ᑣ䅵ㅫᕫࠄ㸼7.2᠔⼎ⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰঞ݊Ϣ⧚䆎㒧ᵰⱘ↨䕗DŽ䴭࡯ߚᵤ㒧ᵰϢ
⧚䆎ߚᵤ㒧ᵰਏড়ᕫⳌᔧདDŽ῵ᗕߚᵤⱘ䇃Ꮒ䱣ⴔ乥⥛䰊⃵๲ࡴ㗠๲໻ˈԚᰃབᵰࡴᆚऩ
‫ˈৢܗ‬ᚙ‫މ‬Ӯ໻໻ᬍ୘ˈ䇏㗙ৃҹ๲ࡴ㡖⚍ˈߚᵤ৘䰊乥⥛ⱘব࣪ᚙ‫މ‬DŽ

㸼7.2 ᳝乘ᑨ࡯ⱘ㓇㋶ⱘᑨ࡯䅵ㅫ੠㒉৥㞾⬅ᤃࡼ乥⥛
乘ᑨ࡯੠乥⥛䰊᭄ ⧚䆎㾷 Ansys㾷 ↨ؐ
ᓴ࡯F(N) 2225.630 2225.598 1.000
䕈৥ᑨ࡯(Mpa) 1124.500 1124.465 1.000
㄀1䰊乥⥛f1(Hz) 75.090 75.480 1.005
㄀2䰊乥⥛f2(Hz) 150.180 152.063 1.013
㄀3䰊乥⥛f3(Hz) 225.270 230.864 1.025

7.3 ⫼ᔍㇻऩ‫ܗ‬䖲᥹ⱘ೚Ⲭⱘᡁ䕀ᤃࡼ
2
䕀ࡼᛃ䞣J=0.034235kggm ⱘ೚Ⲭˈ೎ᅮ೼ϔḍᡁ䕀߮ᑺk=0.542337 Ngm/radⱘᴚӊ

308
 ㄀ゴㅔऩᤃࡼ㋏㒳

ⱘ㞾⬅ッˈ䆹ᴚӊ঺ϔッ೎ᅮ˄བ೒7.8᠔⼎˅DŽ䆩߽⫼ᔍㇻ䰏ሐऩ‫ܗ‬COMBINE14੠䲚Ё
䋼䞣ऩ‫ܗ‬MASS21⹂ᅮ䆹೚Ⲭᡁ䕀㞾⬅ᤃࡼⱘ㄀1䰊乥⥛DŽ

೒7.8 ᡁ䕀ᤃࡼ೚Ⲭ῵ൟ ೒7.9 ⫼ᔍㇻ‫ܗ‬੠䋼䞣‫ܗ‬῵ᢳ೚Ⲭⱘᡁ䕀ᤃࡼ

1ˊ⧚䆎㾷

ᣝ✻᭛⤂[9]㄀10义Ϟⱘ㒗д1.3ˈ೚Ⲭᡁ䕀ᤃࡼ㞾⬅ᤃࡼⱘ乥⥛݀ᓣЎ˖
1 k 1 0.542337
f1 = = = 0.63346
2π J 2 × 3.14159 0.034235 Hz

2ˊANSYS䅵ㅫ

⬅Ѣ䖭䞠Փ⫼ᔍㇻ䰏ሐऩ‫ܗ‬COMBINE14੠䲚Ё䋼䞣ऩ‫ܗ‬MASS21ᴹ῵ᢳ䆹ᤃࡼ㋏㒳ˈ
᠔ҹফᡁᴚⱘ䭓ᑺৃҹᰃӏᛣⱘDŽЎњ⍜䰸೚Ⲭ݊Ҫ䖤ࡼˈ㑺ᴳњ䰸㒩Z䕈䕀ࡼП໪ⱘ᠔᳝
㞾⬅ᑺˈᑊՓ⫼њЏ㞾⬅ᑺⱘὖᗉDŽᇚফᡁᴚӊᅮНЎᔍㇻऩ‫ˈܗ‬೼݊ϸッ䆒㕂ϸϾ㡖⚍ˈ
೼ᤃࡼ೚Ⲭԡ㕂䆒㕂ϔϾ㗗㰥䕀ࡼᛃ䞣ⱘ䲚Ё䋼䞣ऩ‫ˈܗ‬ᑊᇚ݊䕀ࡼ㞾⬅ᑺ䆒㕂ЎЏ㞾⬅
ᑺ˄བ೒7.9᠔⼎˅DŽϟ䴶ᰃᅠ៤䖭Ͼ䯂乬ߚᵤⱘЏ㽕ℹ偸੠䇈ᯢDŽ
(1) ಁᄢٝё༪ົcௐࠓ༪ົcӦ၍फ໸ۤಬШ೴d
⫼Ꮉ⿟᭛ӊੑৡੑҸĀ/FileName, EX7.3āᣛᅮᎹ⿟ৡ⿄ЎEX7.3DŽ䖯ܹࠡ໘⧚῵ഫ
/PREP7ˈ⫼ᷛ乬ᅮНੑҸĀ/TITLEāᅮНᎹ⿟ᷛ乬ˈ䆹ᷛ乬ֵᙃӮߎ⦄೼೒ᔶにষϞDŽ⫼
ߚᵤ㉏ൟᅮНੑҸĀANTYPE,MODALāᅮНߚᵤ㉏ൟЎ῵ᗕߚᵤ˄MODAL˅DŽ⫼῵ᗕߚ
ᵤ䗝乍ੑҸĀMODOPTāᅮНՓ⫼䰡䰊ᮍ⊩ˈᰒ⼎㄀ˍ䰊῵ᗕˈ⫼乥⥛ሩᓔ᭄ᅮНੑҸ
ĀMXPAND,1āሩᓔ㄀1䰊乥⥛DŽ
⫼ऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟᅮНੑҸĀET,1,COMBIN14,,,1āᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬Ўϝ㓈㗗㰥ᡁ䕀ᬜᑨⱘᔍ
ㇻ䰏ሐऩ‫ܗ‬COMBIN14DŽ⫼ĀET,2,MASS21,,,3āᅮН㄀2㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬Ўᏺ䕀ࡼᬜᑨⱘѠ㓈䋼䞣
ऩ‫ܗ‬MASS21DŽ
⫼ᅲᐌ᭄ᅮНੑҸĀR,1, 0.542337āᅮНᔍㇻᡁ䕀߮ᑺ㋏᭄k=0.542337 N.m/radˈ⫼
ĀR,2,1, 0.034235āᅮН䋼䞣ऩ‫ⱘܗ‬䲚Ё䋼䞣Ў1ˈ䕀ࡼᛃ䞣J=0.034235 kg.m2 DŽ

309
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

(2) Շ࿌੦໸ࠋԤۤӦ၍ॕࠄ‫ڑ‬ຂd
Ўњ֓Ѣ㾖ᆳ῵ൟᓎゟ䖛⿟ˈ⫼㾚⚍ᅮНੑҸĀ/VIEW,1,1,1,1āᇚ㾚⚍ߛᤶࠄ(1,1,1)
ㄝ䕈⌟ԡ㕂DŽ⫼㡖⚍ᅮНੑҸĀN,1ā೼തᷛॳ⚍˄0,0,0˅ᅮН㄀1Ͼ㒧⚍ˈ䖭䞠᠔᳝0ؐ䛑
㹿ⳕ⬹њDŽ⫼ĀN,2,,,0.0254ā೼˄0,0,0.0254m˅ԡ㕂ᅮН㄀2Ͼ㒧⚍DŽ
⫼ऩ‫ܗ‬ᅮНੑҸĀE,1,2ā䖛1ˈ2㒧⚍ᅮН㄀1Ͼऩ‫⫼ˈܗ‬ᔧࠡऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟᅮНੑҸĀTYPE,2ā
ᇚ咬䅸ⱘऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟҢ㄀1㉏ൟᔍㇻऩ‫ܗ‬COMBINE14ˈᬍবЎ㄀2㉏䲚Ё䋼䞣ऩ‫ܗ‬MASS21DŽ
⫼ᅲᐌ᭄㉏ൟᬍবੑҸĀREAL,2āᇚ咬䅸ⱘᅲᐌ᭄㉏ൟҢ㄀1㉏ᅲᐌ᭄˄ᔍㇻ߮ᑺ˅ˈᬍ
বЎ㄀2㉏ᅲᐌ᭄˄䲚Ё䋼䞣˅DŽ⫼ऩ‫ܗ‬ᅮНੑҸĀE,2ā೼㄀2Ͼ㡖⚍໘ᅮН㄀2Ͼऩ‫ˈܗ‬
⫼Џ㞾⬅ᑺᅮНੑҸĀM,2,ROTZāᣛᅮ2ো㡖⚍ⱘЏ㞾⬅ᑺЎ㒩X䕈ⱘ䕀ࡼ㞾⬅ᑺROTZDŽ
(3) ᄗՇ೛ѻ༪ົۤสྭၟ೯d
⫼䕧ߎ乍ᅮНੑҸĀOUTPR,BASIC,1ā䆒㕂া䕧ߎ㄀1䰊乥⥛ⱘ෎ᴀ‫ݙ‬ᆍDŽ⫼ԡ⿏㑺
ᴳᅮНੑҸĀD,1,ALLā㑺ᴳッ⚍໘ⱘ㄀1ো㡖⚍ⱘ᠔᳝ԡ⿏㞾⬅ᑺDŽ⫼ĀD,2,UX,,,,,UYā
䰤ࠊ2ো㡖⚍ⱘᑇ⿏㞾⬅ᑺUX੠UYDŽ݊ᅲ䖭ϔহৃҹϡ㽕ˈ಴Ў䖲᥹2ো㡖⚍ⱘᔍㇻऩ‫ܗ‬
ᰃা᳝ᡁ䕀㞾⬅ᑺⱘऩ‫ˈܗ‬2ো㡖⚍ϡӮথ⫳ᑇ⿏DŽԚᰃЎњ֓Ѣ䯙䇏੠⧚㾷ˈгৃҹࡴϞ
䖭ϔহDŽ
߽⫼ࠡ䴶ℹ偸ᓎゟⱘ῵ൟˈ೼ᮑࡴԡ⿏㑺ᴳˈᅮНЏ㞾⬅ᑺৢˈব៤བ೒7.10᠔⼎ⱘ
ḋᄤDŽ1ো㡖⚍໘ⱘᷛᖫᰃ೎ᅮ᠔᳝ԡ⿏㑺ᴳⱘᷛᖫˈ2ো㡖⚍໘ⱘᷛᖫᰃЏ㞾⬅ᑺᷛᖫDŽ

೒7.10 ᡁ䕀ᤃࡼ೚Ⲭⱘ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟ੠ᮑࡴⱘԡ⿏㑺ᴳˈЏ㞾⬅ᑺ

(4) ࠩదௐࠓ੦ࣖĖSOLUTௐࠓd
(5) ඔ௜‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ڴ‬d
⫼ᦤপ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰੑҸĀ*GET,FREQ,MODE,1,FREQāᦤপ㄀1䰊῵ᗕⱘ乥⥛䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰˈ
ᄬܹব䞣FREQDŽᦤপߎⱘ乥⥛㒧ᵰབ೒7.11᠔⼎DŽ
(6) Շ࿌೴ᆦέ२ēߜ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ڴ‬೛ѻӾำ·ำߑd

310
 ㄀ゴㅔऩᤃࡼ㋏㒳

೒7.11 ᡁ䕀೚Ⲭⱘᡁ䕀㞾⬅ᤃࡼⱘ乥⥛䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ

3ˊANSYS⑤⿟ᑣ
FINISH
/CLEAR, NOSTART ! ⏙䰸᭄᥂,ϡࡴ䕑߱ྟ࣪᭛ӊ
!(1) 䆒㕂Ꮉ⿟䗝乍ǃ∖㾷䗝乍ǃऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟ੠ᅲᐌ᭄
/FileName, EX7.3 ! ᅮНᎹ⿟᭛ӊৡ⿄
/PREP7 ! ࡴ䕑ࠡ໘⧚῵ഫ
/TITLE, EX7.3, TORSIONAL FREQUENCY OF A SUSPENDED DISK
C*** VIBRATION THEORY AND APPLICATIONS, THOMSON, 2ND, PAGE 10, EX 1.3-2
ANTYPE,MODAL ! ᅮНߚᵤ㉏ൟЎ῵ᗕ˄MODAL˅ߚᵤ
MODOPT,REDUC,,,,1 ! ⫼䰡䰊ᮍ⊩∖㾷,ᰒ⼎㄀1䰊ᤃൟ
MXPAND,1 ! ሩᓔ㄀1䰊乥⥛
ET,1,COMBIN14,,,1 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬Ў㗗㰥ᡁ䕀ⱘᔍㇻCOMBIN14
ET,2,MASS21,,,3 ! ᅮН㄀2㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬Ўᏺ䕀ࡼᛃ䞣ⱘѠ㓈䋼䞣ऩ‫ܗ‬MASS21
R,1,0.542337 ! ᅮНᔍㇻᡁ䕀߮ᑺ㋏᭄k=0.542337 N.m/rad
R,2,1,0.034235 ! ᅮН䲚Ё䋼䞣Ўm=1,䕀ࡼᛃ䞣J=0.034235 kg.m^2
!(2) ᅮН῵ൟ㡖⚍੠ऩ‫ܗ‬䖲᥹݇㋏
/VIEW,1,1,1,1 ! ᇚ㾚⚍ߛᤶࠄ(1,1,1)ㄝ䕈⌟ԡ㕂
N,1 ! ೼തᷛॳ⚍ᅮН㄀1Ͼ㒧⚍
N,2,,,-0.0254 ! ೼˄0,0,-0.0254m˅ԡ㕂ᅮН㄀2Ͼ㒧⚍
E,1,2 ! 䖛1,2㒧⚍ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬
TYPE,2 ! ᇚ咬䅸ⱘऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟҢᔍㇻऩ‫ܗ‬,ᬍবЎ㄀2㉏ऩ‫˄ܗ‬䋼䞣ऩ‫˅ܗ‬
REAL,2 ! ᇚ咬䅸ⱘᅲᐌ᭄Ңᔍㇻ߮ᑺ,ᬍবЎ㄀2㉏ᅲᐌ᭄˄䲚Ё䋼䞣˅
E,2 ! ⫼㄀2Ͼ㡖⚍ᅮН㄀2Ͼऩ‫ܗ‬
M,2,ROTZ ! ᣛᅮ2ো㡖⚍ⱘЏ㞾⬅ᑺЎ㒩X䕈ⱘ䕀ࡼ㞾⬅ᑺROTZ
!(3) ᣛᅮ䕧ߎ䗝乍੠ԡ⿏㑺ᴳ
OUTPR,BASIC,1 ! 䕧ߎ㄀1䰊乥⥛ⱘ෎ᴀ‫ݙ‬ᆍ
D,1,ALL ! 㑺ᴳッ⚍໘ⱘ㄀1ো㡖⚍ⱘ᠔᳝ԡ⿏㞾⬅ᑺ
D,2,UX,,,,,UY ! 㑺ᴳ2ো㡖⚍ⱘᑇ⿏㞾⬅ᑺ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎࠡ໘⧚῵ഫPREP7

311
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

!(4) 䖯ܹ∖㾷῵ഫ∖㾷
/SOLU ! ࡴ䕑∖㾷῵ഫ
SOLVE ! ᓔྟ∖㾷
!(5) ᦤপ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
*GET,FREQ,MODE,1,FREQ ! ᦤপ㄀1䰊῵ᗕⱘ乥⥛䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ,ᄬܹব䞣FREQ
!(6) ᅮН᭄㒘ব䞣,ᇚ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ䕧ߎࠄ᭛ᴀ᭛ӊ
*DIM,LABEL,CHAR,1,2
*DIM,VALUE,,1,3
LABEL(1,1) = ' F,'
LABEL(1,2) = '(Hz) '
*VFILL,VALUE(1,1),DATA,0.63346
*VFILL,VALUE(1,2),DATA,FREQ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,3),DATA,ABS(FREQ/0.63346 )
/COM
/OUT, EX7_3, out ! ᇚ䕧ߎ‫ݙ‬ᆍ䞡ᅮ৥ࠄ᭛ӊEX7_3.out
/COM,------------------- EX7.3 RESULTS COMPARISON ---------------
/COM,
/COM, | TARGET | ANSYS | RATIO
/COM,
*VWRITE,LABEL(1,1),LABEL(1,2),VALUE(1,1),VALUE(1,2),VALUE(1,3)
(1X,A8,A8,' ',F10.5,' ',F10.5,' ',1F5.3)
/COM,-----------------------------------------------------------
/OUT ! 㒧ᴳ᭄᥂䞡ᅮ৥,݇䯁䕧ߎ᭛ӊ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
*LIST, EX7_3, out ! ߫㸼ᰒ⼎᭛ӊEX7_3.outⱘ‫ݙ‬ᆍ

4ˊ㒧ᵰ↨䕗੠䅼䆎

䗮䖛ҹϞ⿟ᑣ䅵ㅫˈᕫࠄབ㸼7.3᠔⼎ⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰঞ݊Ϣ⧚䆎㒧ᵰⱘ↨䕗ˈৃ㾕ANSYS
䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ੠⧚䆎㒧ᵰᅠܼϔ㟈ˈ㗠Ϩা߽⫼њϔϾᔍㇻऩ‫ܗ‬੠䲚Ё䋼䞣ऩ‫ˈܗ‬䇈ᯢ೼䅵ㅫ
㗗㰥߮ԧ䕀ࡼᛃ䞣ⱘᡁ䕀ᤃࡼ䅵ㅫЁˈANSYSⱘ䅵ㅫ῵ൟ੠㒧ᵰ‫݋‬᳝䴲ᐌ催ⱘ䅵ㅫ㊒ᑺDŽ

㸼7.3 ⫼ᔍㇻऩ‫ܗ‬੠䲚Ё䋼䞣ऩ‫ܗ‬῵ᢳ೚Ⲭⱘᡁ䕀㞾⬅ᤃࡼ乥⥛
⧚䆎㾷 Ansys㾷 ↨ؐ
㄀1䰊乥⥛f1(Hz) 0.63346 0.63346 1.000

7.4 ೚ᴚ䖲᥹೚Ⲭⱘᡁ䕀ᤃࡼ
2
᳝㒩䋼ᖗ䕀ࡼᛃ䞣J=0.0035026kggm ⱘ偀䖒೎ᅮ೼䋼䞣ᕜ䕏ⱘ䭓ᑺl=0.2032mˈⳈᕘ
Ўd=9.5248mmⱘᅲᖗ䕈ⱘϔッˈ䕈ⱘ঺ϔッ೎ᅮ˄བ೒7.12᠔⼎˅ˈ䆩߽⫼Ⳉㅵऩ‫ܗ‬PIPE16
੠䲚Ё䋼䞣ऩ‫ܗ‬MASS21⹂ᅮ䆹偀䖒೼ࠊࡼৢ㞾⬅ᤃࡼⱘ乥⥛DŽᗑ⬹ᴚӊ䋼䞣ᇍ乥⥛ⱘᕅ
ડˈপ࠾ߛᔍᗻ῵䞣G=82.742GPaˈᔍᗻ῵䞣E=215.13GPaDŽ

312
 ㄀ゴㅔऩᤃࡼ㋏㒳

d=9.5248mm

l=203.2mm

೒7.12 ⫼೚៾䴶ᴚ䖲᥹ⱘᡁ䕀ᤃࡼ೚Ⲭ῵ൟ

1ˊ⧚䆎㾷

ᣝ✻᭛⤂˷9˹㄀10义㒗д1.3ⱘᴵӊ੠݀ᓣDŽᗑ⬹䕈ⱘ䋼䞣ᕅડˈ䕈ᇍ೚Ⲭⱘᤃࡼা
ᦤկ߮ᑺᕅડˈ᠔ҹ‫ܜ‬䅵ㅫ䕈ⱘᡁ䕀߮ᑺDŽḍ᥂೚៾䴶䕈ᡁ䕀ⱘবᔶ݀ᓣˈ೼ᡁⶽ M n ԰⫼
ϟˈ䭓ᑺЎ l ⱘ೚⬠䴶ᴚˈᡁ䕀㾦䅵ㅫ݀ᓣЎ˖
Mn l
φ=
G Ip
݊Ё G I p ᰃ೚៾䴶ᴚⱘᡁ䕀߮ᑺˈ I p = π d /32 DŽ⬅Ѣᡁ䕀߮ᑺᅮНЎѻ⫳ऩԡᓻᑺ
4

᠔䳔㽕ⱘᡁⶽˈ᠔ҹ˖
k=Mn /¡=GIp /l=82.742109× 3.14159× 9.52484 × 10-12 /32/0.2032=328.8Ngm/rad
ḍ᥂ࠡ䴶ⱘ೚Ⲭᡁ䕀ᤃࡼⱘ乥⥛݀ᓣ:
1 k 1 GI p
f1 = =
2π J 2π Jl

ҷܹࠡ䴶᭄᥂ˈᕫࠄ˖
1 k 1 328.8
f1 = = =48.763Hz
2π J 2 × 3. 14159 0.0035026

2ˊANSYS∖㾷

ᔧᗑ⬹ᴚӊⱘ䋼䞣ᇍᡁ䕀ᤃࡼⱘᕅડᯊˈৃҹᇚ䆹ᤃࡼ㋏㒳ⳟ԰ᰃऩ㞾⬅ᑺⱘᡁ䕀ᤃ
ࡼ㋏㒳DŽ߽⫼ANSYSᦤկⱘᡁ䕀߮ᑺ੠䋼䞣ऩ‫ܗ‬ᴹ῵ᢳˈ೼䲚Ё䋼䞣ԡ㕂䆒㕂ϔϾᮟ䕀Џ
㞾⬅ᑺˈᅲᖗᴚⱘຕ८ৃҹপ໪Ⳉᕘⱘϔञˈ㡖⚍੠ऩ‫ܗ‬Ꮧ㕂བ೒7.13᠔⼎DŽᅠ៤䆹䯂乬
ⱘ῵ᗕߚᵤˈՓ⫼ҹϟЏ㽕ℹ偸DŽ

೒7.13 ߽⫼ᴚऩ‫ܗ‬੠䋼䞣ऩ‫ܗ‬῵ᢳ೚Ⲭⱘᡁ䕀ᤃࡼ

(1) Շ࿌ٝё༪ົc‫ד‬๥फ໸cӦ၍फ໸cಬШ೴ۤϫॸϵ೴d
佪‫⫼ܜ‬Ā/PREP7āࡴ䕑ࠡ໘⧚῵ഫˈ⫼Ā/TITLEāᅮНᷛ乬DŽ⫼ߚᵤ㉏ൟᅮНੑҸ

313
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

ĀANTYPE, MODALāᅮНߚᵤ㉏ൟЎ῵ᗕ˄MODAL˅ߚᵤˈᑊ⫼ĀMODOPT, REDUC, 1,,,1ā

ᅮНՓ⫼䰡䰊ᮍ⊩∖㾷ˈᰒ⼎㄀1䰊῵ᗕˈ⫼ĀMXPAND,1āੑҸ䆒㕂াሩᓔ㄀1䰊῵ᗕDŽ
⫼ऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟᅮНੑҸĀET,1,PIPE16āᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬ЎⳈㅵऩ‫ܗ‬PIPE16DŽ⫼ĀET,2,
MASS21āᅮН㄀2㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬Ў2D䋼䞣ऩ‫ܗ‬MASS21DŽᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ⱘܗ‬ᅲᐌ᭄ĀR,1, 9.5248e-3,
4.7624e-3āˈ㸼⼎໪Ⳉᕘ9.5248mm੠ຕ८4.7624mmDŽ㄀2㉏䲚Ё䋼䞣ऩ‫ⱘܗ‬ᅲᐌ᭄ĀR,2,,,,
2
3.5026E-3āˈ㸼⼎݊䕀ࡼᛃ䞣Ў3.5026E-3kg.m DŽ
⫼ᴤ᭭খ᭄ᅮНੑҸ ĀMP,EX,1, 215.13E9āᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EX˙215.13
GPaDŽ⫼ĀMP,PRXY,,0.3āᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨Ў0.3ˈⳕ⬹ⱘখ᭄Ў1DŽ
(2) Շ࿌੦໸ࠋԤۤӦ၍ॕࠄ‫ڑ‬ຂd
⫼㡖⚍ᅮНੑҸĀN,1ā೼˄0ˈ0ˈ0˅ԡ㕂ᅮН㒧⚍1ˈ⫼ĀN,2,0.2032ā೼˄0.2032m,
0˅ԡ㕂ᅮН㄀2Ͼ㡖⚍DŽ⫼ऩ‫ܗ‬ᅮНੑҸĀE,1,2ā䖛㡖⚍1ˈ2ᅮН㄀1ϾⳈㅵऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ⫼ĀTYPE,2ā
ᇚ咬䅸ⱘऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟҢⳈㅵऩ‫ˈܗ‬ᬍবЎ㄀2㉏ऩ‫˄ܗ‬䋼䞣ऩ‫˅ܗ‬DŽ⫼ĀREAL,2āᇚ咬䅸ⱘ
ᅲᐌ᭄Ңᔍㇻ߮ᑺˈᬍবЎ㄀2㉏ᅲᐌ᭄˄䲚Ё䋼䞣˅DŽੑҸĀE,2ā㸼⼎⫼㄀2Ͼ㡖⚍ᅮН
㄀2Ͼऩ‫⫼ˈܗ‬Џ㞾⬅ᑺᅮНੑҸĀM,2,ROTXāᣛᅮ2ো㡖⚍ⱘЏ㞾⬅ᑺЎ㒩X䕈ⱘ䕀ࡼ㞾
⬅ᑺROTXDŽ㒣䖛䖭ϸℹᓎゟⱘᤃࡼ῵ൟབ೒7.14᠔⼎DŽ

೒7.14 ⫼ᴚऩ‫ܗ‬䖲᥹ⱘ೚Ⲭᤃࡼ㋏㒳ⱘ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟ

(3) ᄗՇ೛ѻ༪ົēสྭၟ೯d
⫼䕧ߎ䗝乍ੑҸĀOUTPR,BASIC,1ā䆒㕂া䕧ߎ㄀1䰊῵ᗕⱘ෎ᴀ‫ݙ‬ᆍDŽ⫼ԡ⿏㑺ᴳ
ᅮ Н ੑ Ҹ Ā D,ALL,ALLā 㑺 ᴳ ᠔ ᳝ 㡖 ⚍ ⱘ ᠔ ᳝ ԡ ⿏ 㞾 ⬅ ᑺ DŽ ⫼ ߴ 䰸 ԡ ⿏ 㑺 ᴳ ੑ Ҹ
ĀDDELE,2,ROTXāߴ䰸2ো㡖⚍ⱘROTX㞾⬅ᑺDŽ
(4) ࠩదௐࠓ੦ࣖௐࠓēࢗಳௐࠓd
(5) ඔ௜‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ڴ‬d
⫼ᦤপ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰੑҸĀ*GET,FREQ,MODE,1,FREQāᦤপ㄀1䰊῵ᗕⱘ乥⥛䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰˈ
ᄬܹব䞣FREQDŽᦤপߎⱘ乥⥛䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰབ೒7.15᠔⼎DŽ
(6) Շ࿌೴ᆦέ२ēߜ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ڴ‬೛ѻӾำ·ำߑd

314
 ㄀ゴㅔऩᤃࡼ㋏㒳

೒7.15 ⫼ᴚऩ‫ܗ‬䖲᥹ⱘ೚Ⲭᤃࡼⱘ乥⥛䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ

3ˊANSYS⑤⿟ᑣ
FINISH
/CLEAR, NOSTART ! ⏙䰸᭄᥂,ϡࡴ䕑߱ྟ࣪᭛ӊ
!(1) ᅮНᎹ⿟䗝乍ǃߚᵤ㉏ൟǃऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟǃᅲᐌ᭄੠ᴤ᭭খ᭄
/FileName, EX7.4 ! ᅮНᎹ⿟᭛ӊৡ⿄
/PREP7 ! ࡴ䕑ࠡ໘⧚῵ഫ
/TITLE, EX7.4, NATURAL FREQUENCY OF A MOTOR-GENERATOR
C*** VIBRATION THEORY AND APPLICATIONS, THOMSON, 2ND, PAGE 10, EX 1.3-3
ANTYPE,MODAL ! ᅮНߚᵤ㉏ൟЎ῵ᗕ˄MODAL˅ߚᵤ
MODOPT,REDUC,1,,,1 ! ⫼䰡䰊ᮍ⊩∖㾷,ᰒ⼎㄀1䰊ᤃൟ
MXPAND,1 ! ሩᓔ㄀1䰊乥⥛
ET,1,PIPE16 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬ЎⳈㅵऩ‫ܗ‬PIPE16
ET,2,MASS21 ! ᅮН㄀2㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬Ў2D䋼䞣ऩ‫ܗ‬MASS21
R,1,9.5248e-3,4.7624e-3 ! ᅮНㅵऩ‫ܗ‬ᅲᐌ᭄,໪Ⳉᕘ9.5248mm੠ຕ८4.7624mm
R,2,,,,3.5026E-3 ! ᅮН㄀2㉏ᅲᐌ᭄,䕀ࡼᛃ䞣3.5026E-3kg.m^2
MP,EX,1,215.13E9 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EX=215.13 GPa
MP,PRXY,,0.3 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨ЎPRXY=0.3
!(2) ᅮН῵ൟ㡖⚍੠ऩ‫ܗ‬䖲᥹݇㋏
N,1 ! ೼˄0,0,0˅ԡ㕂ᅮН㒧⚍1
N,2,0.2032 ! ೼˄0.2032m,0,0˅ԡ㕂ᅮН㄀2Ͼ㡖⚍
E,1,2 ! 䖛㡖⚍1,2ᅮНⳈㅵऩ‫ܗ‬
TYPE,2 ! ᇚ咬䅸ⱘऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟҢᔍㇻऩ‫ܗ‬,ᬍবЎ㄀2㉏ऩ‫˄ܗ‬䋼䞣ऩ‫˅ܗ‬
REAL,2 ! ᇚ咬䅸ⱘᅲᐌ᭄Ңᔍㇻ߮ᑺ,ᬍবЎ㄀2㉏ᅲᐌ᭄˄䲚Ё䋼䞣˅
E,2 ! ⫼㄀2Ͼ㡖⚍ᅮН㄀2Ͼऩ‫ܗ‬
M,2,ROTX ! ᣛᅮ2ো㡖⚍ⱘЏ㞾⬅ᑺЎ㒩X䕈ⱘ䕀ࡼ㞾⬅ᑺROTX
!(3) ᣛᅮ䕧ߎ䗝乍,ԡ⿏㑺ᴳ
OUTPR,BASIC,1 ! 䕧ߎ㄀1䰊῵ᗕⱘ෎ᴀ‫ݙ‬ᆍ˄ࣙᣀ㡖⚍෎ᴀ㒧ᵰ,㡖⚍ড࡯੠ऩ‫ܗ‬㾷˅
D,ALL,ALL ! 㑺ᴳ᠔᳝㡖⚍ⱘ᠔᳝ԡ⿏㞾⬅ᑺ
DDELE,2,ROTX ! ᬒᵒ2ো㡖⚍ⱘROTX㞾⬅ᑺ

315
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

FINISH ! 䗔ߎࠡ໘⧚῵ഫPREP7
!(4) 䖯ܹ∖㾷῵ഫ∖㾷
/SOLU ! ࡴ䕑∖㾷῵ഫ
SOLVE ! ᓔྟ䖯㸠῵ᗕߚᵤⱘ∖㾷
!(5) ᦤপ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
*GET,FREQ,MODE,1,FREQ ! ᦤপ㄀1䰊῵ᗕⱘ乥⥛䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ,ᄬܹব䞣FREQ
!(6) ᅮН᭄㒘ব䞣,ᇚ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ䕧ߎࠄ᭛ᴀ᭛ӊ
*DIM,LABEL,CHAR,1,2
*DIM,VALUE,,1,3
LABEL(1,1) = ' F,'
LABEL(1,2) = '(Hz) '
*VFILL,VALUE(1,1),DATA,48.763
*VFILL,VALUE(1,2),DATA,FREQ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,3),DATA,ABS(FREQ/48.763)
/COM
/OUT, EX7_4, out ! ᇚ䕧ߎ‫ݙ‬ᆍ䞡ᅮ৥ࠄ᭛ӊEX7_4.out
/COM,------------------- EX7.4 RESULTS COMPARISON ---------------
/COM,
/COM, | TARGET | ANSYS | RATIO
/COM,
*VWRITE,LABEL(1,1),LABEL(1,2),VALUE(1,1),VALUE(1,2),VALUE(1,3)
(1X,A8,A8,' ',F10.3,' ',F10.3,' ',1F5.3)
/COM,----------------------------------------------------------
/OUT ! 㒧ᴳ᭄᥂䞡ᅮ৥,݇䯁䕧ߎ᭛ӊ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
*LIST, EX7_4, out ! ߫㸼ᰒ⼎᭛ӊEX7_4.outⱘ‫ݙ‬ᆍ

4ˊ㒧ᵰ↨䕗੠䅼䆎

䗮䖛ҹϞ⿟ᑣ䅵ㅫˈᕫࠄབ㸼7.4᠔⼎ⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰঞ݊Ϣ⧚䆎㒧ᵰⱘ↨䕗DŽ㱑✊䅵ㅫ῵
ൟা⫼њϔϾᔍㇻऩ‫ܗ‬੠䲚Ё䋼䞣ऩ‫ˈܗ‬ԚᰃANSYS䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ੠⧚䆎㒧ᵰᵕ݊᥹䖥DŽ䇈ᯢ
೼㗗㰥߮ԧ䕀ࡼᛃ䞣ⱘᡁ䕀ᤃࡼ䅵ㅫЁˈ߽⫼㗗㰥ᡁ䕀߮ᑺⱘⳈㅵऩ‫ܗ‬੠䲚Ё䋼䞣㒘៤ⱘ
ᤃࡼ㋏㒳ˈANSYSⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ‫݋‬᳝䴲ᐌ催ⱘ䅵ㅫ㊒ᑺDŽ

㸼7.4 ⫼Ⳉㅵऩ‫ܗ‬੠䲚Ё䋼䞣ऩ‫ܗ‬῵ᢳ೚Ⲭⱘᡁ䕀㞾⬅ᤃࡼ乥⥛
⧚䆎㾷 Ansys㾷 ↨ؐ
㄀1䰊乥⥛f1(Hz) 48.763 48.780 1.000

7.5 䪏ᴚⱘᡁ䕀㞾⬅ᤃࡼ

䭓ᑺl=1524mⱘ⷇⊍䪏ᴚˈϞッ೎ᅮˈϟッ䚼᳝䭓ᑺৃҹᗑ⬹ⱘ䲚Ё䋼䞣˄བ೒7.16
᠔⼎˅ˈ䆩߽⫼Ⳉㅵऩ‫ܗ‬PIPE16ˈṕऩ‫ܗ‬BEAM4੠䲚Ё䋼䞣ऩ‫ܗ‬MASS21ˈ⹂ᅮ䆹䪏ᴚ㞾

316
 ㄀ゴㅔऩᤃࡼ㋏㒳

⬅ᤃࡼⱘࠡϸ䰊乥⥛DŽᏆⶹ䪏ᴚⱘ໪ⳈᕘOD=114.3mmˈ‫Ⳉݙ‬ᕘID=97.28mmˈ῾៾䴶ⱘᵕ
-6 4 2 3
ᛃᗻⶽIp =7.962× 10 m ˈッ䚼䲚Ё䋼䞣ⱘ䕀ࡼᛃ䞣J0 =39.73kggm ˈᆚᑺµ0 =7855.3kg/m ˈ
࠾ߛᔍᗻ῵䞣G=82.742GPaˈ⊞ᵒ↨°=0.3ˈᔍᗻ῵䞣E=215.134GPaDŽ

1ˊ⧚䆎㾷
2
䪏ᴚⱘ䕀ࡼᛃ䞣Jrod=Ip µl/g=96.8kggm ˈ
ḍ᥂᭛⤂˷9˹ˈ乥⥛ᮍ⿟Ў˖
¦tan¦=Jrod/J0 =2.44
ᶹ㸼ˈৃҹᕫࠄ β = 1.135,3.722,...
ρ
¦=¼l =0.470¼
Gg
⬅ℸ㾷ߎࠡϸ䰊乥⥛Ў˖
¼1 =1.135/0.470=2.41rad./sec.=0.384Hz
¹2=3.722/0.470=7.93rad./sec.=1.26Hz

2ˊANSYS䅵ㅫ

䆹䪏ᴚ佪‫ܜ‬Փ⫼Ⳉㅵऩ‫ܗ‬PIPE16䖯㸠ᓎ῵ˈᑊՓ⫼ᄤぎ䯈䗁ҷᮍ⊩䅵ㅫњ㞾⬅ᤃࡼⱘ
乥⥛ˈ䱣ৢজՓ⫼ṕऩ‫ܗ‬BEAM4ᓎ῵∖㾷DŽ䖭䞠Փ⫼ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣ৃҹ⫼ᤶㅫ݀ᓣE = 2G(1
+μ)ˈຕ८ৃҹ⫼໪Ⳉᕘ‫ޣ‬এ‫Ⳉݙ‬ᕘⱘϔञˈे(OD - ID)/2ᴹ䅵ㅫDŽ
೼Փ⫼ṕऩ‫ܗ‬BEAM4䖯㸠䅵ㅫᯊˈᵕᛃᗻⶽⱘ䕧ܹৃҹⳕ⬹ˈ಴Ўᅗྟ㒜ㄝѢϸϾᡫ
ᔃ᳆ᛃᗻⶽП੠ˈेIYY + IZZˈ㗠䖭ϸϾᛃᗻⶽᰃ䕧ܹⱘ෎ᴀ៾䴶޴ԩখ᭄DŽ
䖭䞠䗝ᢽњ12Ͼᡁ䕀Џ㞾⬅ᑺˈ೼䪏༈ԡ㕂᳝ϔϾˈ݊ԭⱘ11Ͼ䛑Ꮧ㕂೼ㅵऩ‫ܗ‬Ϟ˄བ
೒7.17᠔⼎˅DŽҹϟᰃᅠ៤䖭ѯ䅵ㅫⱘЏ㽕ℹ偸DŽ

l=1524m

೒7.16 ⫼೚៾䴶䪏ᴚ੠䪏༈ᡁ䕀ᤃࡼ῵ൟ ೒7.17 ⫼ṕऩ‫ܗ‬੠䲚Ё䋼䞣ऩ‫ܗ‬῵ᢳ䪏ᴚᤃࡼ

(1) Շ࿌ٝё༪ົcӦ၍फ໸cಬШ೴ۤϫॸϵ೴d
⫼Ā/FileName, EX7.5āᅮН᭛ӊৡ⿄ˈ⫼Ā/PREP7āࡴ䕑ࠡ໘⧚῵ഫDŽ⫼Ā/TITLEā
ੑҸᅮНᷛ乬DŽ

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 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

佪‫ܜ‬Փ⫼Ⳉ㒓ㅵऩ‫ܗ‬PIPE16䖯㸠䅵ㅫDŽ⫼ऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟᅮНੑҸĀET,1,PIPE16āᅮН㄀1
㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬ЎⳈㅵऩ‫ܗ‬PIPE16ˈ⫼ĀET,2,MASS21āᅮН㄀2㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬Ў2D䋼䞣ऩ‫ܗ‬MASS21DŽ
⫼ᅲᐌ᭄ᅮНੑҸĀR,1,0.1143,0.0085āᅮН㄀1㉏ᅲᐌ᭄˖ㅵऩ‫ⱘܗ‬໪Ⳉᕘ114.3mm
2
੠ຕ८8.5mmDŽ⫼ĀR,2,,,,,, 39.73āᅮН㄀2㉏ᅲᐌ᭄˖䲚Ё䋼䞣ⱘ䕀ࡼᛃ䞣39.73 kg.m DŽ
⫼ᴤ᭭খ᭄ᅮНੑҸĀMP,EX,1,215.134E9āᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EX=215.134
3
GPaDŽ⫼ĀMP,DENS,1,7855.3āᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᆚᑺDENS=7855.3 kg/m ˈ⫼ĀMP, NUXY,
1, 0.3āᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨NUXY=0.3DŽ
(2) Շ࿌੦໸ࠋԤۤӦ၍ॕࠄ‫ڑ‬ຂd
Ўњ֓Ѣ㾖ᆳ῵ൟᓎゟ䖛⿟ˈ⫼㾚⚍ᅮНੑҸĀ/VIEW,1,1,1,1āᇚ㾚⚍ߛᤶࠄ(1,1,1)
ㄝ䕈⌟ԡ㕂DŽ
⫼㡖⚍ԡ㕂ᅮНੑҸĀN,1ā೼തᷛॳ⚍˄0,0,0˅ᅮН㄀1Ͼ㒧⚍ˈ⫼ĀN,13,,,1524ā
೼˄0,0,1524m˅ԡ㕂ᅮН㄀2Ͼ㡖⚍DŽ⫼೼ϸϾ㡖⚍П䯈฿‫⫳ܙ‬៤㡖⚍ੑҸĀFILLā೼1
ো੠13ো㡖⚍Ё䯈฿‫⫳ܙ‬៤݊ԭ㡖⚍DŽ
⫼ऩ‫ܗ‬ᅮНੑҸĀE,1,2ā䖛㡖⚍1ˈ2ᅮН㄀ϔϾㅵऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ⫼ऩ‫⫳ܗ‬៤ੑҸĀEGEN,12,1,1ā
ᕾ⦃12⃵ˈᣝ✻ࠡ䴶ᅮНⱘऩ‫ܗ‬῵ᓣˈ↣Ͼऩ‫ⱘܗ‬ϸッ㡖⚍ো๲ࡴ1ˈ⫳៤݊ԭⱘ11Ͼऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ
⫼ᔧࠡऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟ䆒㕂ੑҸĀTYPE,2āᇚ咬䅸ⱘऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟҢ㄀1㉏ᔍㇻऩ‫ˈܗ‬ᬍবЎ㄀2
㉏ऩ‫˄ܗ‬䋼䞣ऩ‫˅ܗ‬DŽ⫼ĀREAL,2āᇚ咬䅸ⱘᅲᐌ᭄Ң㄀1㉏ᔍㇻ߮ᑺˈᬍবЎ㄀2㉏ᅲᐌ
᭄˄䲚Ё䋼䞣˅DŽ⫼ऩ‫ܗ‬ᅮНੑҸĀE,13ā೼㄀13ো㡖⚍໘ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ
(3) ࠩదௐࠓ੦ࣖēᄗՇ೛ѻ༪ົۤสྭၟ೯d
⫼Ā/SOLUāࡴ䕑∖㾷῵ഫˋSOLUDŽ⫼ߚᵤ㉏ൟᅮНੑҸĀANTYPE, MODALāᅮН
ߚᵤ㉏ൟЎ῵ᗕߚᵤˈᑊ⫼ĀMODOPT,SUBSP,2āᣛᅮ⫼ᄤぎ䯈䗁ҷ⊩䅵ㅫࠡ2䰊῵ᗕDŽ
⫼ԡ⿏㑺ᴳᅮНੑҸĀD,1,UX,,,13,,UY,UZ,ROTX,ROTYā㑺ᴳҢ1ࠄ13ো㡖⚍ⱘ䰸њ
ROTZП໪ⱘ᠔᳝㞾⬅ᑺˈेUX,UY,UZ,ROTX੠ROTYDŽ⫼ĀD,1,ROTZā㑺ᴳ㄀1ো㡖⚍
ⱘROTZ㞾⬅ᑺDŽ⫼䖭ѯℹ偸ᅠ៤ⱘ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟབ೒7.18᠔⼎DŽ

೒7.18 ⫼ᴚऩ‫ܗ‬䖲᥹ⱘ೚Ⲭᤃࡼ㋏㒳ⱘ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟ

(4) ಁᄢ೛ѻԛ1ࠈ଴৑ԅ੯ఊ໰๯ēωࢗಳௐࠓd

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 ㄀ゴㅔऩᤃࡼ㋏㒳

⫼䕧ߎ㒧ᵰ䆒㕂ੑҸĀOUTPR,,1āᅮНা䕧ߎ㄀1䰊乥⥛ⱘ෎ᴀ‫ݙ‬ᆍˈࣙᣀ㡖⚍෎ᴀ
㒧ᵰˈ㡖⚍ড࡯੠ऩ‫ܗ‬㾷DŽ䖭䞠ⱘぎ㔎乍ϢĀBASICā䗝乍ⳌৠDŽ⫼∖㾷ੑҸĀSOLVEā
ᓔྟ䖯㸠῵ᗕߚᵤⱘ∖㾷DŽ
(5) ࠩద‫҉܊‬स੦ࣖēඔ௜஍०ࠈ଴৑ԅ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ڴ‬d
⫼ Ā /POST1 ā ੑ Ҹ 䖯 ܹ ϔ 㠀 ৢ ໘ ⧚ ῵ ഫ ˈ ⫼ 㒧 ᵰ ᦤ প ੑ Ҹ
Ā*GET,FREQ1,MODE,1,FREQāᦤপ㄀1䰊῵ᗕⱘ乥⥛䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰˈᄬܹব䞣FREQ1˗⫼
Ā*GET,FREQ2,MODE,2,FREQāᦤপ㄀2䰊῵ᗕⱘ乥⥛䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰˈᄬܹব䞣FREQ2DŽ߽⫼䆹
ੑҸᦤপߎⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰབ೒7.19᠔⼎DŽ
(6) Շ࿌೴ᆦέ२ēߜԛྡྷϤԅ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ͬڴ‬ӉӾઝӉέ२d
⫼Ā*DIM,LABEL,CHAR,2,2āᅮН2ˆ2ⱘᄫヺൟ᭄㒘LABELˈ⫼Ā*DIM, VALUE, , 2,
3āᅮН2ˆ3ⱘ᭄ؐൟ᭄㒘VALUEDŽ߽⫼ㄝোĀ=ā੠Ā*VFILLāੑҸ㒭䖭ѯব䞣䌟ؐ⧚
䆎㒧ᵰ੠᳝䰤‫ܗ‬䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰDŽ
ᑊ߽⫼ੑҸĀSAVE, TABLE_1āᇚ䖭㒘㒧ᵰ᭄᥂ֱᄬࠄ咬䅸᭄᥂ᑧTABLE_1DŽ
(7) ᄷ໭ࠩద஍҉स੦ࣖēߜӦ၍फ໸‫؟‬έนసปॣӦ၍BEAM4ēᄷ໭‫ד‬๥‫ู؞‬ඕd
⫼ऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟᅮНੑҸĀET,1,BEAM4āᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬Ўϝ㓈ṕऩ‫ܗ‬BEAM4DŽ⫼ᅲᐌ᭄
ᅮНੑҸĀR,1,0.0028283,3.982E-6,3.982E6,0.1143, 0.1143āᅮНϝ㓈ṕऩ‫ܗ‬BEAM4ⱘ៾䴶
2 4
⿃Ў8.283 cm ˈϸϾᮍ৥ⱘᡫᔃᛃᗻⶽЎ.982E6 m ˈϸϾᮍ৥ⱘ៾䴶催ᑺЎ.1143 m.ˈᑊ
4
߽⫼ĀRMORE,,7.962E6āᅮНṕऩ‫ⱘܗ‬ᡁ䕀ᛃᗻⶽЎIX=7.962e6 m DŽ
(8) ࠩదௐࠓ੦ࣖēᄗՇ੦ൟ‫ד‬๥ԅ༪ົēωࢗಳௐࠓd
⫼Ā/SOLUāࡴ䕑∖㾷῵ഫˈ⫼ĀMODOPT,REDUC,2,,,2āᅮН⫼䰡䰊ᮍ⊩∖㾷ࠡϸ
䰊῵ᗕDŽ⫼Џ㞾⬅ᑺᅮНੑҸĀM,2,ROTZ,13āᣛᅮ2ো㡖⚍ࠄ13ো㡖⚍ⱘ㒩Z䕈䕀ࡼ㞾⬅
ᑺЎЏ㞾⬅ᑺDŽ⫼ĀSOLVEāੑҸᓔྟ∖㾷ࠡϸ䰊῵ᗕDŽ
(9) ࠩదྡྷ͎‫҉܊‬स੦ࣖēඔ௜଴৑‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ڴ‬d
⫼Ā/POST1āੑҸ䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫˈ⫼Ā*GET,FREQ1,MODE,1,FREQāᦤপ㄀1
䰊῵ᗕⱘ乥⥛䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰˈᄬܹব䞣FREQ1ˈ⫼Ā*GET,FREQ2,MODE,2,FREQāᦤপ㄀2䰊
῵ᗕⱘ乥⥛䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰˈᄬܹব䞣FREQ2DŽᦤপߎⱘ乥⥛䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰབ೒7.20᠔⼎DŽ

೒7.19 ⫼Ⳉㅵऩ‫ܗ‬䖲᥹ⱘ೚Ⲭᤃࡼⱘ乥⥛䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ ೒7.20 ⫼ṕऩ‫ܗ‬䖲᥹ⱘ೚Ⲭᤃࡼⱘ乥⥛䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ

319
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

(10) Շ࿌೴ᆦέ२ēߜ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ڴ‬೛ѻӾำ·ำߑd

3ˊANSYS⑤⿟ᑣ

FINISH
/CLEAR, NOSTART ! ⏙䰸᭄᥂,ϡࡴ䕑߱ྟ࣪᭛ӊ
!(1) ᅮНᎹ⿟䗝乍ǃऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟǃᅲᐌ᭄੠ᴤ᭭খ᭄
/FileName, EX7.5 ! ᅮН᭛ӊৡ⿄
/PREP7 ! ࡴ䕑ࠡ໘⧚῵ഫ
/TITLE, EX7.5, TORSIONAL FREQUENCIES OF A DRILL PIPE
C*** VIBRATION THEORY AND APPLICATIONS, THOMSON, 2ND., PAGE 272, EXˊ8.4-5
C*** Փ⫼Ⳉ㒓ㅵऩ‫ܗ‬PIPE16䅵ㅫ
ET,1,PIPE16 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬ЎⳈㅵऩ‫ܗ‬PIPE16
ET,2,MASS21 ! ᅮН㄀2㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬Ў2D䋼䞣ऩ‫ܗ‬MASS21
R,1,0.1143,0.0085 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᅲᐌ᭄:ㅵऩ‫ⱘܗ‬໪Ⳉᕘ114.3mm੠ຕ८8.5mm
R,2,,,,,, 39.73 ! ᅮН㄀2㉏ᅲᐌ᭄,䲚Ё䋼䞣ⱘ䕀ࡼᛃ䞣39.73 kg.m^2
MP,EX,1,215.134E9 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EX=215.134 GPa
MP,DENS,1,7855.3 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᆚᑺDENS=7855.3 kg/m^3
MP,NUXY,1,0.3 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨NUXY=0.3
!(2) ᅮН῵ൟ㡖⚍੠ऩ‫ܗ‬䖲᥹݇㋏
/VIEW,1,1,1,1 ! ᇚ㾚⚍ߛᤶࠄ(1,1,1)ㄝ䕈⌟ԡ㕂
N,1 ! ೼തᷛॳ⚍(0,0,0)ԡ㕂ᅮН㄀1ো㒧⚍
N,13,,,-1524 ! ೼(0,0,-1524m)ԡ㕂ᅮН㄀2Ͼ㡖⚍
FILL ! ೼1ো੠13ো㡖⚍Ё䯈฿‫⫳ܙ‬៤݊ԭ㡖⚍
E,1,2 ! 䖛㡖⚍1,2ᅮНㅵऩ‫ܗ‬
EGEN,12,1,1 ! ᣝ✻ࠡ䴶ᅮНⱘऩ‫ܗ‬῵ᓣ,ᕾ⦃12⃵,⫳៤݊ԭⱘ11Ͼऩ‫ܗ‬
TYPE,2 ! ᇚ咬䅸ⱘऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟҢᔍㇻऩ‫ܗ‬,ᬍবЎ㄀2㉏ऩ‫˄ܗ‬䋼䞣ऩ‫˅ܗ‬
REAL,2 ! ᇚ咬䅸ⱘᅲᐌ᭄Ңᔍㇻ߮ᑺ,ᬍবЎ㄀2㉏ᅲᐌ᭄˄䲚Ё䋼䞣˅
E,13 ! ⫼㄀13Ͼ㡖⚍ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬
FINISH ! 䗔ߎࠡ໘⧚῵ഫPREP7
!(3) 䖯ܹ∖㾷῵ഫ,ᣛᅮ䕧ߎ䗝乍੠ԡ⿏㑺ᴳ
/SOLU ! ࡴ䕑∖㾷῵ഫ
ANTYPE,MODAL ! ᅮНߚᵤ㉏ൟЎ῵ᗕߚᵤ
MODOPT,SUBSP,2 ! ᣛᅮ⫼䰡䰊ᮍ⊩∖ࠡ2䰊῵ᗕ
D,1,UX,,,13,,UY,UZ,ROTX,ROTY ! 㑺ᴳҢ1ࠄ13ো㡖⚍ⱘ䰸њROTZП໪ⱘ᠔᳝㞾⬅ᑺ
D,1,ROTZ ! 㑺ᴳ1ো㡖⚍ⱘROTZ㞾⬅ᑺ
!(4) 䆒㕂䕧ߎ㄀1䰊乥⥛ֵᙃ,ᑊᓔྟ∖㾷
OUTPR,,1 ! 䕧ߎ㄀1䰊乥⥛ⱘ෎ᴀ‫ݙ‬ᆍ˄ࣙᣀ㡖⚍෎ᴀ㒧ᵰ,㡖⚍ড࡯੠ऩ‫ܗ‬㾷˅
SOLVE ! ᓔྟ∖㾷ࠡ2䰊῵ᗕ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎ∖㾷῵ഫSOLU
!(5) 䖯ܹৢ໘⧚῵ഫ,ᦤপࠡϸ䰊乥⥛ⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
/POST1 ! 䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
*GET,FREQ1,MODE,1,FREQ ! ᦤপ㄀1䰊῵ᗕⱘ乥⥛䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ,ᄬܹব䞣FREQ1
*GET,FREQ2,MODE,2,FREQ ! ᦤপ㄀2䰊῵ᗕⱘ乥⥛䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ,ᄬܹব䞣FREQ2

320
 ㄀ゴㅔऩᤃࡼ㋏㒳

!(6) ᅮН᭄㒘ব䞣,ᇚ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ䕧ߎࠄ᭛ᴀ᭛ӊ
*DIM,LABEL,CHAR,2,2 ! ᅮН2ˆ2ⱘᄫヺൟ᭄㒘LABLE
*DIM,VALUE,,2,3 ! ᅮН2ˆ3ⱘ᭄ؐൟ᭄㒘VALUE
LABEL(1,1) = ' f1',' f2'
LABEL(1,2) = ', Hz ',', Hz '
*VFILL,VALUE(1,1),DATA,0.384,1.26
*VFILL,VALUE(1,2),DATA,FREQ1,FREQ2
*VFILL,VALUE(1,3),DATA,ABS(FREQ1/0.384),ABS(FREQ2/1.26)
SAVE, TABLE_1 ! ֱᄬ᭄᥂ࠄ咬䅸᭄᥂ᑧTABLE_1
FINISH ! 䗔ߎৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
!(7) 䞡ᮄ䖯ܹࠡ໘⧚῵ഫ,ᇚऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟᬍবЎBEAM4,䞡ᮄߚᵤ䆹ᤃࡼ䯂乬
/PREP7 ! ࡴ䕑ࠡ໘⧚῵ഫ
C**** Փ⫼ṕऩ‫ܗ‬BEAM4
ET,1,BEAM4 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬Ўϝ㓈ṕऩ‫ܗ‬BEAM4
R,1,0.0028283,3.982E-6,3.982E-6,0.1143, 0.1143 ! ᅮНϝ㓈ṕऩ‫៾ⱘܗ‬䴶޴ԩখ᭄˖៾
䴶⿃Ў28.283cm^2,ϸϾᡫᔃᛃᗻⶽЎ3.982E-6 m^4,ϸϾᮍ৥ⱘ៾䴶催ᑺЎ0.1143m.
RMORE,,7.962E-6 ! 䖬᳝ṕऩ‫ⱘܗ‬ᡁ䕀ᛃᗻⶽЎIIX=7.962e-6 m^4.
FINISH ! 䗔ߎࠡ໘⧚῵ഫPREP7
!(8) 䖯ܹ∖㾷῵ഫ,ᣛᅮ῵ᗕߚᵤⱘ䗝乍,ᑊᓔྟ∖㾷
/SOLU ! ࡴ䕑∖㾷῵ഫ
MODOPT,REDUC,2,,,2 ! ᣛᅮ⫼䰡䰊ᮍ⊩䅵ㅫࠡϸ䰊῵ᗕ
M,2,ROTZ,13 ! ᣛᅮ2ো㡖⚍ࠄ13ো㡖⚍ⱘ㒩Z䕈䕀ࡼ㞾⬅ᑺROTZЎЏ㞾⬅ᑺ
SOLVE ! ᓔྟ῵ᗕߚᵤⱘ∖㾷
FINISH ! 䗔ߎ∖㾷῵ഫSOLUTION
!(9) 䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫ,ᦤপ乥⥛䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
/POST1 ! 䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
*GET,FREQ1,MODE,1,FREQ ! ᦤপ㄀1䰊῵ᗕⱘ乥⥛䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ,ᄬܹব䞣FREQ1
*GET,FREQ2,MODE,2,FREQ ! ᦤপ㄀2䰊῵ᗕⱘ乥⥛䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ,ᄬܹব䞣FREQ2
!(10) ᅮН᭄㒘ব䞣,ᇚ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ䕧ߎࠄ᭛ᴀ᭛ӊ
LABEL(1,1) = 'UR(INNER'
LABEL(1,2) = ' RAD),in'
*VFILL,VALUE(1,1),DATA,.384,1.26
*VFILL,VALUE(1,2),DATA,FREQ1,FREQ2
*VFILL,VALUE(1,3),DATA,ABS(FREQ1/.384),ABS(FREQ2/1.26)
SAVE,TABLE_2 ! ֱᄬ᭄᥂ࠄ᭄᥂ᑧTABLE_2
RESUME,TABLE_1
/COM
/OUT, EX7_5, out ! ᇚ䕧ߎ‫ݙ‬ᆍ䞡ᅮ৥ࠄ᭛ӊEX7_5.out
/COM,------------------- EX7.5 RESULTS COMPARISON --------------
/COM,
/COM, | TARGET | ANSYS | RATIO
/COM,
/COM,RESULTS USING PIPE16 ELEMENTS:
*VWRITE,LABEL(1,1),LABEL(1,2),VALUE(1,1),VALUE(1,2),VALUE(1,3)

321
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

(1X,A8,A8,' ',F10.4,' ',F10.4,' ',1F5.3)

/NOPR
RESUME,TABLE_2
/GOPR
/COM,
/COM,RESULTS USING BEAM4 ELEMENTS:
*VWRITE,LABEL(1,1),LABEL(1,2),VALUE(1,1),VALUE(1,2),VALUE(1,3)
(1X,A8,A8,' ',F10.4,' ',F10.4,' ',1F5.3)
/COM,-----------------------------------------------------------
/OUT ! 㒧ᴳ᭄᥂䞡ᅮ৥,݇䯁䕧ߎ᭛ӊ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
*LIST, EX7_5, out ! ߫㸼ᰒ⼎᭛ӊEX7_5.outⱘ‫ݙ‬ᆍ

4ˊ㒧ᵰ↨䕗੠䅼

䗮䖛ҹϞ⿟ᑣϸ⾡ϡৠऩ‫ⱘܗ‬䅵ㅫˈᕫࠄབ㸼7.5᠔⼎ⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰঞ݊Ϣ⧚䆎㒧ᵰⱘ↨
䕗ˈৃ㾕ANSYS䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ੠⧚䆎㒧ᵰ⬹᳝ᏂᓖDŽԚᰃˈⳈㅵऩ‫ܗ‬PIPE16੠ṕऩ‫ܗ‬BEAM4
П䯈ᅠܼϔ㟈DŽ㗠Ϩা߽⫼њक޴Ͼऩ‫ˈܗ‬䇈ᯢ೼㗗㰥䖲㓁বᔶԧⱘ䕀ࡼᛃ䞣ⱘᡁ䕀ᤃࡼ
䅵ㅫЁˈANSYSⱘ䅵ㅫ῵ൟ੠㒧ᵰҡ✊‫݋‬᳝䴲ᐌ催ⱘ䅵ㅫ㊒ᑺDŽབᵰ䖭䞠ⱘ㡖⚍᭄䞣੠ऩ
‫ܗ‬๲ࡴϔѯˈ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ㒻㓁᥹䖥⧚䆎ؐˈ䇏㗙ৃҹ偠䆕ϔϟDŽ

㸼7.5 ⫼Ⳉㅵऩ‫ˈܗ‬ṕऩ‫ܗ‬੠䲚Ё䋼䞣ऩ‫ܗ‬῵ᢳ೚Ⲭⱘᡁ䕀㞾⬅ᤃࡼ乥⥛
Ⳉㅵऩ‫ܗ‬PIPE16 ⧚䆎㾷 Ansys㾷 ↨ؐ
㄀1䰊乥⥛f1 (Hz) 0.3840 0.3832 0.998
㄀2䰊乥⥛f2 (Hz) 1.2600 1.2630 1.002
ϝ㓈ṕऩ‫ܗ‬BEAM4 ⧚䆎㾷 Ansys㾷 ↨ؐ
㄀1䰊乥⥛f1 (Hz) 0.3840 0.3832 0.998
㄀2䰊乥⥛f2 (Hz) 1.2600 1.2630 1.002

322
 ㄀1ゴ ㅔऩᢝय़ᴚ㒧ᵘ

せ』ᶰ⮳ᡞߗܵᲿ

8.1 ㅔᬃṕⱘ㞾ᤃ乥⥛䅵ㅫ
2
䎼ᑺl=2032mmⱘㄝ៾䴶ㅔᬃṕˈ៾䴶催ᑺh=50.8mmˈᴤ᭭ᆚᑺµ=7781kg/m ˈ῾៾
2 4
䴶䴶⿃A=25.81cm ˈᡫᔃᛃᗻⶽI=55.493cm ˈᔍᗻ῵䞣E=207GPa˄བ೒8.1᠔⼎˅ˈ䆩Փ
⫼Ѡ㓈ṕऩ‫ܗ‬BEAM3䅵ㅫ䆹ṕ㞾⬅ᤃࡼⱘ乥⥛DŽ

t =2032mm

h =50.8mm

೒8.1 ㄝ៾䴶ഛ䋼ㅔᬃṕ㞾⬅ᤃࡼ῵ൟ⼎ᛣ೒

t=2032mm

೒8.2 ㄝ៾䴶ഛ䋼ㅔᬃṕ㞾⬅ᤃࡼⱘ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟ

1ˊ⧚䆎㾷

ᣝ✻᭛⤂[9]ⱘ㄀18义㒗д1.5ⱘখ᭄੠݀ᓣDŽᇍѢㄝ៾䴶ㅔᬃṕˈ㞾⬅ᤃࡼⱘ乥⥛݀
ᓣЎ˖
p 1 iπ 2 EI
fi = i = ( ) (8.1)
2π 2π l ρA
݊Ёiᰃᤃࡼ乥⥛ⱘ䰊⃵DŽᔧᡫᔃ߮ᑺEI੠ऩԡ䭓ᑺⱘᆚᑺρAЎ˖
EI=207× 109 × 55.493× 10-8 =1.1487× 105 m2
-4
µA=7781×25.81×10 =20.083=kg/m
ρ A = 7781× 25.81× 10−4 = 20.083 kg / m
ᯊˈࠡ3䰊乥⥛ߚ߿Ў˖
π EI 3.14159 1.1487 × 10 5
f1 = = = 28 .771 Hz (8.2)
2 ρAl 4
2 20 .083 × 2.032 4
EI 1.1487 × 10 5
f 2 = 2π = 2 × 3.14159 = 115.086 Hz (8.3)
ρAl 4 20 .083 × 2.032 4

323
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

9π EI 9 × 3 .14159 1.1487 ×10 5

f3 = = = 258.943 Hz (8.4)
2 ρAl 4
2 20.083 × 2 .032 4

2ˊANSYSߚᵤ

Ўњ䇈ᯢ䯂乬∖㾷䖛⿟ⱘㅔऩ䍋㾕ˈ䖭䞠䗝ᢽњ3Ͼ῾৥ԡ⿏԰ЎЏ㞾⬅ᑺˈা䅵ㅫࠡ
3䰊乥⥛੠ᤃൟDŽ䳔㽕䇈ᯢⱘᰃˈ䖭Мᇥⱘ㞾⬅ᑺˈᇍѢ乥⥛䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ੠ᤃൟ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ䛑Ӯ
ᓩ䍋䕗໻ⱘ䅵ㅫ䇃ᏂDŽৢ䴶䇏㗙Ӯⳟࠄˈ䖭⾡ᕅડᇍѢԢ䰊乥⥛ᕅડϡ໻ˈԚᰃᇍѢ催䰊
ᤃࡼⱘ乥⥛੠ᤃൟᕅડህ↨䕗໻њDŽϟ䴶ᰃ∖㾷䖭Ͼ䯂乬ⱘЏ㽕ℹ偸ঞ݊䇈ᯢDŽ
佪‫⫼ܜ‬ĀFINISHā㒧ᴳࠡ䴶ⱘ῵ഫˈ䖯ܹANSYS໘⧚఼ⱘ᳔໪ሖBEGINDŽ⫼Ā/CLEAR,
NOSTARTā⏙䰸ҹࠡ䅵ㅫЁⱘ᠔᳝῵ൟ᭄᥂ˈϡࡴ䕑߱ྟ࣪᭛ӊDŽ߱ྟ࣪᭛ӊᰃ⫼Ѣ䆄ᔩ
⫼᠋੠㋏㒳䗝乍䆒㕂ⱘ᭛ᴀ᭛ӊDŽ
(1) Շ࿌ٝё༪ົcӦ၍फ໸cϫॸϵ೴ۤಬШ೴d
⫼Ꮉ⿟᭛ӊৡ⿄ੑҸĀ/FileName, EX8.1āᅮНᎹ⿟᭛ӊৡ⿄ˈ䆹ৡ⿄⫼Ѣᇍ᠔᳝Ё䯈
䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰⱘ᭛ӊੑৡDŽ⫼䖯ܹࠡ໘⧚῵ഫੑҸĀ/PREP7āࡴ䕑ࠡ໘⧚῵ഫˈҹᠻ㸠ࠡ໘⧚
ੑҸDŽ⫼Ā/TITLEāᅮН⫼Ѣ೼೒ᔶにষㄝԡ㕂ᰒ⼎ⱘᷛ乬ֵᙃDŽ೼ANSYSЁ⫼ϡᇥੑҸ
Ўњ੠݊Ҫϔ㠀ੑҸⳌऎ߿ˈ೼ੑҸ݇䬂䆡ЁՓ⫼ҹ㽓᭛᭰ᴴĀ/āᓔ༈ⱘੑҸDŽ䇋䇏㗙೼
Փ⫼ᯊ⊼ᛣDŽབᵰ䳔㽕Փ⫼⊼䞞ˈৃҹ⫼ĀC***ā㸼⼎䆹㸠ⱘ‫ݙ‬ᆍᰃϔϾ⊼䞞㸠ˈᛳ্ো
Ā! āгᰃ⊼䞞㸠ⱘᷛᖫDŽ
⫼ऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟᅮНੑҸĀET,1,BEAM3āᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬ЎѠ㓈ᔍᗻṕऩ‫ܗ‬BEAM3DŽ⫼ᴤ
᭭ খ ᭄ ᅮ Н ੑ Ҹ Ā MP,EX,1,207E9 ā ᅮ Н ㄀ 1 ㉏ ᴤ ᭭ ⱘ ᔍ ᗻ ῵ 䞣 EX=207 GPa DŽ ⫼
3
ĀMP,DENS,1,7781āᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᆚᑺDENS=7781 kg/m DŽ⫼ĀMP,GXY,1,207E9/2.6ā
ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ࠾ߛᔍᗻ῵䞣ЎGXY=207E9/2.6DŽ೼ব䞣ᅮНЁৃҹՓ⫼㸼䖒ᓣˈ䖭䞠ⱘ
㸼䖒ᓣᰃ߽⫼њय़㓽ᔍᗻ῵䞣੠࠾ߛᔍᗻ῵䞣П䯈ⱘ䕀ᤶ݇㋏GXY˙EX/2/(1+PRXY)ˈপ
⊞ᵒ↨PRXY=0.3ҹৢᕫࠄⱘDŽ
ᅲᐌ᭄˄Real constant˅ᰃ⫼Ѣᇍṕ៾䴶ⱘ޴ԩখ᭄䖯㸠ᅮНⱘখ᭄ˈ݊ੑҸĀR, 1,
2
25.81e4, 55.493e8, 50.8e3āᅮНњϝ㓈ṕⱘ῾៾䴶䴶⿃25.81e4 m ˈᡫᔃᛃᗻⶽ
55.493e8 m4 ੠៾䴶催ᑺ50.8 mmDŽ
(2) ඹ‫ߏڑڶ‬ԤԅՇ࿌ߙो੦໸d
݇䬂⚍˄Keypoint˅ᅮНЏ㽕ᰃ䗮䖛ᇍ৘Ͼ㓪োঞ݊೼ᔧࠡതᷛ㋏Ёⱘതᷛԡ㕂ᴹᅮ
НⱘˈᅗⱘᅮНᰃϟϔ㑻ԧ㋴བ㒓ˈ䴶ˈԧᓎゟⱘ෎⸔DŽ݊ੑҸĀK,1āⱘᛣᗱᰃ˖೼തᷛ
ॳ⚍(0,0,0)ᅮН㄀1Ͼ݇䬂⚍DŽ⬅ѢANSYSЁⱘ᭄᥂Ā0āᰃৃҹⳕ⬹ⱘˈ᠔ҹ䖭䞠ⱘ3ϾĀ0ā
䛑㹿ⳕ⬹њˈབᵰЁ䯈ⱘᶤѯ᭄᥂㽕㹿ⳕ⬹ˈ߭䳔㽕⫼㽓᭛䗫োĀ,ā㸹䎇݊᠔ऴ⫼ⱘԡ㕂DŽ
⫼ĀK,2,2.032ā೼᳔েッᬃᑻԡ㕂(2.032m,0)ᅮН㄀2Ͼ݇䬂⚍DŽ
㒓˄Line˅ϔ㠀ᰃ䗮䖛䖲᥹݇䬂⚍ᴹᅮНⱘˈ䖭䞠ĀL,1,2ā㸼⼎䖛݇䬂⚍1,2ᅮНⳈ㒓DŽ
㒓ऩ‫ⱘߚߦܗ‬䗝乍⫼Ѣᣛᅮᇚ㒓ߦߚЎ㒓ऩ‫ܗ‬ᯊˈՓ⫼໮໻ⱘऩ‫ܗ‬ሎᇌˈ៪㗙ᇚϔᴵ㒓ߦ
ߚЎ໮ᇥ↉᭄DŽ䖭䞠ĀLESIZE,ALL,,,4āᅮН᠔᳝㒓೼ߦߚऩ‫ܗ‬ᯊˈߦߚЎ4↉DŽ
ᇚ㒓ߦߚЎ㒓ऩ‫ⱘܗ‬ੑҸĀLMESH,1āᇚ㄀1ᴵ㒓↉ߦߚЎBEAM3ṕऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ߽⫼䖭ѯ
ੑҸᅠ៤њᇍ῵ൟⱘᅮН˄བ೒8.3᠔⼎˅DŽੑҸĀFINISHāᰃ䗔ߎᔧࠡ῵ഫⱘੑҸˈ䖭䞠

324
 ㄀ゴṕⱘᤃࡼߚᵤ

㸼⼎䗔ߎࠡ໘⧚῵ഫPREP7DŽ
(3) ၽௐࠓ੦ࣖՇ࿌੦ൟ‫ד‬๥༪ົēಠަสྭၟ೯d
ੑҸĀ/SOLUā㸼⼎ࡴ䕑∖㾷῵ഫ/SOLUDŽANSYSৃҹߚᵤ৘⾡㉏ൟⱘᎹ⿟䯂乬ˈ᠔
ҹ೼ߚᵤ৘㉏䯂乬Пࠡˈ䳔㽕⫼ߚᵤ㉏ൟᅮНੑҸANTYPE˄Analysis TYPE˅ᅮНᔧࠡ㽕
ߚᵤⱘ䯂乬㉏ൟDŽੑҸĀANTYPE,MODALāᣛᅮᔧࠡߚᵤ㉏ൟЎ῵ᗕ˄MODAL˅ߚᵤˈ
䖭䞠ⱘĀMODALāгৃҹ⫼ᅗ᠔ᇍᑨⱘ㓪োĀ2āDŽ
῵ᗕߚᵤϔ㠀᳝䆌໮∖㾷䗝乍ˈ↨བĀMODOPT,REDUC,3,,,3āᣛᅮ⫼䰡䰊ᮍ⊩∖㾷
ࠡ3䰊῵ᗕDŽĀMXPAND,3āᣛᅮাሩᓔࠄ㄀3䰊῵ᗕDŽĀOUTPR,ALL,1ā䆒㕂䕧ߎ㄀1䰊
乥⥛ⱘ᠔᳝‫ݙ‬ᆍDŽ
Ўњ‫ޣ‬ᇥߚᵤⱘᘏ㞾⬅ᑺ᭄ˈৃҹ߽⫼Џ㞾⬅ᑺ˄Master˅ὖᗉDŽ䖭䞠ĀM,3,UY,5ā
ህᰃ߽⫼Џ㞾⬅ᑺᅮНੑҸˈᇚ㄀3Ͼ㡖⚍ࠄ㄀5Ͼ㡖⚍ⱘYᮍ৥ⱘ㞾⬅ᑺUY䆒㕂ЎЏ㞾⬅
ᑺˈ䖭ḋ೼䅵ㅫЁˈা᳝䖭ѯԡ⿏㞾⬅ᑺᠡ㹿䅵ㅫ੠໘⧚DŽ
ԡ⿏㑺ᴳੑҸD˄Displacement˅ৃҹᮑࡴ೼䆌໮ᇍ䈵Ϟˈ↨བ䖭䞠㽕ᇚԡ⿏㑺ᴳᮑࡴ
೼݇䬂⚍ϞˈህՓ⫼њĀDK,ALL,UXā㑺ᴳ᠔᳝݇䬂⚍೼Xᮍ৥ⱘ㞾⬅ᑺUXDŽ㉏Ԑⱘԡ⿏
㑺ᴳੑҸ䖬᳝DLˈDAㄝDŽĀDK,ALL,UYā㑺ᴳ᠔᳝݇䬂⚍೼Yᮍ৥ⱘ㞾⬅ᑺUYDŽ㒣䖛೼
᠔᳝݇䬂⚍ᮑࡴԡ⿏㑺ᴳৢⱘ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟབ೒8.4᠔⼎DŽ

೒8.3 ߽⫼㡖⚍੠ऩ‫᥹Ⳉܗ‬ᓎ῵ᕫࠄⱘ䅵ㅫ῵ൟ ೒8.4 ᮑࡴԡ⿏㑺ᴳৢⱘㅔᬃṕ䅵ㅫ῵ൟ

(4) ࢗಳ੦ൟ‫ד‬๥ԅௐࠓd
੠ϔ㠀ⱘ䴭࡯ߚᵤⳌ↨ˈ⡍ᕕؐ∖㾷ৃҹՓ⫼䆌໮᳈Ⳉ᥹ⱘ᥻ࠊᮍ⊩DŽ↨བĀPSOLVE,
ELFORMāᓔྟ⫳៤ऩ‫߮ܗ‬ᑺⶽ䰉˗ ĀPSOLVE, TRIANGāϝ㾦࣪ᭈԧ߮ᑺⶽ䰉˗
ĀPSOLVE,
EIGREDUCāᣛᅮ⫼HOUSEHOLDERᮍ⊩䅵ㅫ⡍ᕕؐ੠⡍ᕕ৥䞣˗ĀPSOLVE, EIGEXPā
ੑҸሩᓔњ⡍ᕕ৥䞣ⱘ㾷ㄨDŽ᳔ৢՓ⫼ĀFINISHā䗔ߎ∖㾷῵ഫSOLUDŽ
(5) ၽನ޷ॅё‫҉܊‬स୶‫ݦ‬௜଴৑‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ڴ‬d
䳔㽕໮Ͼ㥋䕑ℹˈ៪㗙ϔ㠀ⱘ䴲㒓ᗻߚᵤˈࡼ࡯ߚᵤㄝ䯂乬ˈ䛑Ӯ⫳៤䆌໮Ͼ㥋䕑ℹ
ⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰˈ㽕໘⧚䖭ѯ㒧ᵰˈϔ㠀䳔㽕೼ᯊ䯈ग़⿟ৢ໘⧚఼ˋPOST26Ё໘⧚DŽ䖭䞠ⱘ乥
⥛䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰгৃҹ೼∖㾷῵ഫ/SOLUˈ៪㗙ϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚/POST1ЁᦤপDŽĀ/POST26āੑҸ
䖯ܹᯊ䯈ग़⿟ৢ໘⧚఼Post26DŽ⫼䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰᦤপੑҸĀ*GET,FREQ,MODE,1,FREQā㦋প

325
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

㄀1䰊乥⥛䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰˈᄬܹব䞣FREQDŽ䗮䖛GUI⬠䴶ϞⱘĀUtility Menu -> Parameters -> Scale

Parameters …āᠧᓔব䞣ᅮНᰒ⼎にষˈህৃҹⳟࠄ䆹ব䞣ⱘؐ˄བ೒8.5᠔⼎˅DŽ

೒8.5 ᶹⳟ㹿ᦤপߎⱘֱᄬࠄব䞣Ёⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ

(6) ࠩదྡྷ͎‫҉܊‬स੦ࣖ/POST1ē෍໹ມವჲ໸d
೼ϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫˈৃҹᰒ⼎ϔ㠀䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰˈབ৘䰊ᤃࡼ乥⥛੠ᤃൟDŽ⫼Ā/POST1ā
䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫ/POST1DŽ⫼Āset,1,1āᇚ㄀1䰊῵ᗕⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ䇏ܹࠄ‫ݙ‬ᄬDŽ⫼೒ᔶᰒ
⼎ੑҸĀPLDISP,2āᰒ⼎㄀1䰊ᤃൟDŽ䖭䞠ⱘ䗝乍Ā2ā㸼⼎ᰒ⼎㒧ᵘⱘॳ῵ൟ೒DŽৠḋഄˈ
ৃҹ⫼Āset,1,2ā䇏ܹ㄀2䰊῵ᗕⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰˈ⫼ĀPLDISP,2ā೒ᔶᰒ⼎㄀2䰊ᤃൟDŽ⫼Āset,1,3ā
䇏ܹབ㄀3䰊῵ᗕⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰˈ⫼ĀPLDISP,2ā೒ᔶᰒ⼎㄀3䰊ᤃൟDŽ೒8.6ˈ೒8.7੠೒8.8
ᰃ䖭↉⿟ᑣᰒ⼎ⱘࠡ3䰊ᤃൟˈ⬅ѢЏ㞾⬅ᑺП䯈Փ⫼њⳈ㒓䖲᥹ˈ᠔ҹᤃൟ೒੠ᅲ䰙㒧ᵘ
ⱘᤃൟ᳝ϔᅮⱘᏂ߿DŽབᵰ๲ࡴ㡖⚍᭄ˈ䅵ㅫߎⱘᤃൟ೒Ӯ䗤⏤᥹䖥ᅲ䰙ᤃൟDŽ

೒8.6 ㅔᬃṕⱘ㄀1䰊ᤃൟ

326
 ㄀ゴṕⱘᤃࡼߚᵤ

೒8.7 ㅔᬃṕⱘ㄀2䰊ᤃൟ

೒8.8 ㅔᬃṕⱘ㄀3䰊ᤃൟ

(7) Շ࿌೴ᆦέ२ēߜ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ڴ‬೛ѻӾำ·ำߑd
Ўњ↨䕗᳝䰤‫ܗ‬䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ੠⧚䆎䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰП䯈ⱘᏂᓖˈ䖭↉⿟ᑣህᅮНњϸϾ᭄㒘ˈ
ߚ߿ᄬᬒᦤ⼎ᗻֵᙃ੠᭄ؐൟֵᙃDŽᇍ䖭ϸϾ᭄㒘ব䞣䌟ؐৢˈᠧᓔϔϾ᭛ᴀḐᓣⱘ㒧ᵰ
᭛ӊEX8_1.outˈ԰Ў䕧ߎ䞡ᅮ৥᭛ӊˈ߽⫼ੑҸĀ/COMā੠Ā*VWRITEāᇚᣛᅮ‫ݙ‬ᆍ䕧
ߎࠄ䆹᭛ӊˈ೼݇䯁䆹䕧ߎ᭛ӊৢˈ߽⫼ĀLISTāੑҸᰒ⼎њ䆹᭛ӊⱘ‫݋‬ԧ‫ݙ‬ᆍDŽ
ϟ䴶ᰃ䖭↉⿟ᑣⱘ⑤ҷⷕDŽ䳔㽕⊼ᛣⱘᰃ˖䆹᭛ӊབᵰ䞛⫼ ĀUtility Menu-> File ->
Read Input From …āⱘ㦰ऩࡴ䕑ᠻ㸠ৢˈӮ㞾ࡼᔶ៤䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰⱘ᭛ᴀ᭛ӊĀEX8_1.outāˈ
䆹᭛ᴀ᭛ӊৃҹ⫼ӏԩ᭛ᴀ㓪䕥఼ᠧᓔDŽ
བᵰ䇏㗙ᇚ᠔᳝ੑҸ⫼ᣋ䋱˄CTRLˇC˅ˈ㉬䌈˄CTRLˇV˅ࠄANSYSੑҸ㸠ⱘᮍ
ᓣᠻ㸠ˈ᳔ৢϔ↉⿟ᑣ˄6˅䕧ߎࠄ᭛ᴀ᭛ӊⱘҷⷕᰃ᳝䫭䇃ⱘˈ಴Ў䖭ѯ䕧ߎੑҸা㛑Փ

327
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

⫼೼ᡍ໘⧚ᮍᓣˈ㗠ϡ㛑Փ⫼೼೒ᔶ⬠䴶Ϟ˄GUI˅ⱘᇍ䆱ᮍᓣDŽ䖭ᯊৃҹাᇚࠡ䴶5↉⿟
ᑣ㉬䌈䖛ᴹᠻ㸠DŽ

3ˊANSYS⑤⿟ᑣ
FINISH ! 㒧ᴳࠡ䴶ⱘ῵ഫ
/CLEAR, NOSTART ! ⏙䰸᭄᥂,ϡࡴ䕑߱ྟ࣪᭛ӊ
! (1) ᅮНᎹ⿟䗝乍ǃऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟǃᴤ᭭খ᭄੠ᅲᐌ᭄
/FileName, EX8.1 ! ᅮНᎹ⿟᭛ӊৡ⿄
/PREP7 ! ࡴ䕑ࠡ໘⧚῵ഫ
/TITLE, EX8.1, FUNDAMENTAL FREQUENCY OF A SIMPLY SUPPORTED BEAM
C*** VIBRATION THEORY AND APPLICATIONS, THOMSON, 2ND, PAGE 18, EX 1.5-1
ET,1,BEAM3 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬ЎѠ㓈ᔍᗻṕऩ‫ܗ‬BEAM3
MP,EX,1,207E9 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EX˙207 GPa
MP,DENS,1,7781 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᆚᑺDENS˙7781 kg/m^3
MP,GXY,1,207E9/2.6 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ࠾ߛᔍᗻ῵䞣GXY˙207E9/2.6
R,1,25.81e-4,55.493e-8,50.8e-3 ! ᅮ Н Ѡ 㓈 ṕ ⱘ ៾ 䴶 ⿃ 25.81e-4 m^2, ᡫ ᔃ ᛃ ᗻ ⶽ
55.493e-8 m^4੠៾䴶催ᑺ50.8e-3 m.
! (2) 䗮䖛݇䬂⚍ⱘᅮНᓎゟ῵ൟ
K,1 ! ೼തᷛॳ⚍(0,0,0)ᅮН㄀1Ͼ݇䬂⚍
K,2,2.032 ! ೼᳔েッᬃᑻԡ㕂(2.032m,0)ᅮН㄀2Ͼ݇䬂⚍
L,1,2 ! 䖛݇䬂⚍1,2ᅮНⳈ㒓
LESIZE,ALL,,,4 ! ᅮН᠔᳝Ⳉ㒓೼ߦߚऩ‫ܗ‬ᯊ,ߦߚЎ4ӑ
LMESH,1 ! ⫼ṕऩ‫ܗ‬BEAM3ߦߚ㄀1ᴵ㒓↉
/PNUM, NODE, 1 ! ᠧᓔ㡖⚍㓪োᰒ⼎ᓔ݇
EPLOT ! ೒ᔶᰒ⼎ऩ‫ܗ‬Ꮧ㕂ᚙ‫މ‬
FINISH ! 䗔ߎࠡ໘⧚῵ഫPREP7
! (3) ೼∖㾷῵ഫᅮН῵ᗕߚᵤ䗝乍,ᮑࡴԡ⿏㑺ᴳৢᓔྟ῵ᗕߚᵤⱘ∖㾷
/SOLU ! ࡴ䕑∖㾷῵ഫ
ANTYPE,MODAL ! ᣛᅮߚᵤ㉏ൟЎ῵ᗕߚᵤ
MODOPT,REDUC,3,,,3 ! ᣛᅮ⫼䰡䰊ᮍ⊩∖㾷ࠡ3䰊῵ᗕ
MXPAND,3 ! ሩᓔࠄ㄀3䰊῵ᗕ
M,3,UY,5 ! ᇚ㄀3Ͼ㡖⚍ࠄ㄀5Ͼ㡖⚍ⱘUY㞾⬅ᑺ䆒㕂ЎЏ㞾⬅ᑺ
OUTPR,ALL,1 ! 䕧ߎ㄀1䰊乥⥛ⱘ᠔᳝‫ݙ‬ᆍ
DK,ALL,UX ! 㑺ᴳ᠔᳝݇䬂⚍೼Xᮍ৥ⱘ㞾⬅ᑺUX
DK,ALL,UY ! 㑺ᴳ᠔᳝݇䬂⚍೼Yᮍ৥ⱘ㞾⬅ᑺUY
! (4) ೼∖㾷῵ഫ,ᓔྟ῵ᗕߚᵤⱘ∖㾷
PSOLVE,ELFORM ! ᓔྟ⫳៤ऩ‫߮ܗ‬ᑺⶽ䰉
PSOLVE,TRIANG ! ϝ㾦࣪ᘏԧ߮ᑺⶽ䰉
PSOLVE,EIGREDUC ! ⫼HOUSEHOLDERᮍ⊩䅵ㅫ⡍ᕕؐ੠⡍ᕕ৥䞣
PSOLVE,EIGEXP ! ሩᓔ⡍ᕕ৥䞣ⱘ㾷ㄨ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎ∖㾷῵ഫSOLUTION
! (5) ೼ᯊ䯈ग़⿟ৢ໘⧚఼㦋প乥⥛䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
/POST26 ! 䖯ܹᯊ䯈ग़⿟ৢ໘⧚఼Post26
*GET,FREQ1,MODE,1,FREQ ! 㦋প㄀1䰊乥⥛䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ,ᄬܹব䞣FREQ1

328
 ㄀ゴṕⱘᤃࡼߚᵤ

*GET,FREQ2,MODE,2,FREQ ! 㦋প㄀2䰊乥⥛䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ,ᄬܹব䞣FREQ2
*GET,FREQ3,MODE,3,FREQ ! 㦋প㄀3䰊乥⥛䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ,ᄬܹব䞣FREQ3
! (6) 䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫ/POST1,೒ᔶᰒ⼎ᤃൟ
/POST1 ! 䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫ/POST1
set,1,1 ! 䇏ܹ㄀1䰊῵ᗕⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
PLDISP,2 ! ೒ᔶᰒ⼎㄀1䰊ᤃൟ
set,1,2 ! 䇏ܹ㄀2䰊῵ᗕⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
PLDISP,2 ! ೒ᔶᰒ⼎㄀2䰊ᤃൟ
set,1,3 ! 䇏ܹ㄀3䰊῵ᗕⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
PLDISP,2 ! ೒ᔶᰒ⼎㄀3䰊ᤃൟ
! (7) ᅮН᭄㒘ব䞣,ᇚ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ䕧ߎࠄ᭛ᴀ᭛ӊ
*DIM,LABEL,CHAR,3,2 ! ᅮН1*2ᄫヺൟ᭄㒘LABEL
*DIM,VALUE,,3,3 ! ᅮН1*3᭄ؐൟ᭄㒘VALUE
LABEL(1,1) = ' f1', ' f2', ' f3', ! 㒭ᄫヺൟ᭄㒘LABELⱘ㄀1߫䌟ؐ
LABEL(1,2) = ', (Hz) ', ', (Hz) ', ', (Hz) ' ! 㒭ᄫヺൟ᭄㒘LABELⱘ㄀2߫䌟ؐ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,1),DATA,28.771,115.086,258.943 ! 㒭᭄ؐൟ᭄㒘VALUEⱘ㄀1߫䌟⧚䆎ؐ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,2),DATA,FREQ1, FREQ2, FREQ3 ! 㒭᭄ؐൟ᭄㒘VALUEⱘ㄀2߫䌟䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,3),DATA,ABS(FREQ1/28.771) ,ABS(FREQ2/115.086) ,ABS(FREQ3/258.9
32) ! 㒭᭄ؐൟ᭄㒘VALUEⱘ㄀3߫䌟䅵ㅫؐ੠⧚䆎ؐⱘ↨ؐ
/COM
/OUT,EX8_1, out ! ᇚ䕧ߎ‫ݙ‬ᆍ䞡ᅮ৥ࠄ᭛ӊEX8_1.out
/COM,------------------- EX8.1 RESULTS COMPARISON ---------------
/COM,
/COM, | TARGET | ANSYS | RATIO
/COM,
*VWRITE,LABEL(1,1),LABEL(1,2),VALUE(1,1),VALUE(1,2),VALUE(1,3)
(1X,A8,A8,' ',F10.3,' ',F10.3,' ',1F5.3)
/COM,-----------------------------------------------------------
/OUT ! 㒧ᴳ᭄᥂䞡ᅮ৥,݇䯁䕧ߎ᭛ӊ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
*LIST,EX8_1, out ! ߫㸼ᰒ⼎᭛ӊEX8_1.outⱘ‫ݙ‬ᆍ

4ˊ㒧ᵰᇍ↨੠䅼䆎

㸼8.1ᰃ߽⫼ࠡ䴶⿟ᑣ䅵ㅫߎⱘࠡ3䰊乥⥛ˈৃҹⳟߎˈ೼䗝পᕜᇥⱘ㡖⚍᭄ᯊˈ㄀1䰊
乥⥛ⱘ䅵ㅫ㊒ᑺ䖬ৃҹˈ㗠催䰊乥⥛ⱘ䇃Ꮒ䗤ℹ๲໻DŽབᵰ៥Ӏᇚ㒓ⱘߦߚ↉᭄๲ࡴࠄ14ˈ
ᚙ‫މ‬Ӯᗢḋਸ਼˛ϟ䴶ᰃׂᬍৢⱘ⿟ᑣDŽ
㸼8.1 ㄝ៾䴶ഛ䋼ㅔᬃṕⱘ㞾⬅ᤃࡼ乥⥛

乥 ⥛ ⧚ 䆎 㾷 ANSYS㾷 ↨ ؐ
㄀1䰊乥⥛f1(Hz) 28.771 28.773 1.000
㄀2䰊乥⥛f2(Hz) 115.086 115.800 1.006
㄀3䰊乥⥛f3(Hz) 258.943 273.465 1.056

329
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

5ˊ๲ࡴ㡖⚍ৢⱘ⿟ᑣ
FINISH ! 㒧ᴳࠡ䴶ⱘ῵ഫ
/CLEAR, NOSTART ! ⏙䰸᭄᥂,ϡࡴ䕑߱ྟ࣪᭛ӊ
! (1) ᅮНᎹ⿟䗝乍ǃऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟǃᴤ᭭খ᭄੠ᅲᐌ᭄
/FileName, EX8.1B ! ᅮНᎹ⿟᭛ӊৡ⿄
/PREP7 ! ࡴ䕑ࠡ໘⧚῵ഫ
/TITLE, EX8.1B, FUNDAMENTAL FREQUENCY OF A SIMPLY SUPPORTED BEAM
C*** VIBRATION THEORY AND APPLICATIONS, THOMSON, 2ND, PAGE 18, EX 1.5-1
ET,1,BEAM3 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬ЎѠ㓈ᔍᗻṕऩ‫ܗ‬BEAM3
MP,EX,1,207E9 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EX˙207E9 Pa
MP,DENS,1,7781 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᆚᑺDENS˙7781 kg/m^3
MP,GXY,1,207E9/2.6 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ࠾ߛᔍᗻ῵䞣ЎGXY˙207E9/2.6
R,1,25.81e-4,55.493e-8,50.8e-3 ! ᅮНѠ㓈ṕⱘ៾䴶⿃Ў 25.81e-4 m^2, ᡫ ᔃ ᛃ ᗻ ⶽ Ў
55.493e-8 m^4੠៾䴶催ᑺЎ50.8e-3 m.
! (2) 䗮䖛݇䬂⚍ⱘᅮНᓎゟ῵ൟ
K,1 ! ೼തᷛॳ⚍(0,0,0)ᅮН㄀1Ͼ݇䬂⚍
K,2,2.032 ! ೼᳔েッᬃᑻԡ㕂(2.032m,0)ᅮН㄀2Ͼ݇䬂⚍
L,1,2 ! 䖛݇䬂⚍1,2ᅮНⳈ㒓
LESIZE,ALL,,,14 ! ᅮН᠔᳝Ⳉ㒓೼ߦߚऩ‫ܗ‬ᯊ,ߦߚЎ14ӑ
LMESH,1 ! ⫼ṕऩ‫ܗ‬BEAM3ߦߚ㄀1ᴵ㒓↉
/PNUM, NODE, 1 ! ᠧᓔ㡖⚍㓪োᰒ⼎ᓔ݇
EPLOT ! ೒ᔶᰒ⼎ऩ‫ܗ‬Ꮧ㕂ᚙ‫މ‬
FINISH ! 䗔ߎࠡ໘⧚῵ഫPREP7
! (3) ೼∖㾷῵ഫᅮН῵ᗕߚᵤ䗝乍,ᮑࡴԡ⿏㑺ᴳ
/SOLU ! ࡴ䕑∖㾷῵ഫ
ANTYPE,MODAL ! ᣛᅮߚᵤ㉏ൟЎ῵ᗕߚᵤ
MODOPT,REDUC,3,,,3 ! ᣛᅮ⫼䰡䰊ᮍ⊩∖㾷ࠡ3䰊῵ᗕ
MXPAND,3 ! ሩᓔࠄ㄀3䰊῵ᗕ
M,3,UY,15 ! ᇚ㄀3Ͼ㡖⚍ࠄ㄀15Ͼ㡖⚍ⱘUY㞾⬅ᑺ䆒㕂ЎЏ㞾⬅ᑺ
OUTPR,ALL,1 ! 䕧ߎ㄀1䰊乥⥛ⱘ᠔᳝‫ݙ‬ᆍ
DK,ALL,UX ! 㑺ᴳ᠔᳝݇䬂⚍೼Xᮍ৥ⱘ㞾⬅ᑺUX
DK,ALL,UY ! 㑺ᴳ᠔᳝݇䬂⚍೼Yᮍ৥ⱘ㞾⬅ᑺUY
! (4) ೼∖㾷῵ഫ,ᓔྟ῵ᗕߚᵤⱘ∖㾷
PSOLVE,ELFORM ! ᓔྟ⫳៤ऩ‫߮ܗ‬ᑺⶽ䰉
PSOLVE,TRIANG ! ϝ㾦࣪ⶽ䰉
PSOLVE,EIGREDUC ! ⫼HOUSEHOLDERᮍ⊩䅵ㅫ⡍ᕕؐ੠⡍ᕕ৥䞣
PSOLVE,EIGEXP ! ሩᓔ⡍ᕕ৥䞣ⱘ㾷ㄨ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎ∖㾷῵ഫSOLU
! (5) ೼ᯊ䯈ग़⿟ৢ໘⧚఼㦋প乥⥛䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
/POST26 ! 䖯ܹᯊ䯈ग़⿟ৢ໘⧚఼Post26
*GET,FREQ1,MODE,1,FREQ ! 㦋প㄀1䰊乥⥛䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ,ᄬܹব䞣FREQ1

330
 ㄀ゴṕⱘᤃࡼߚᵤ

*GET,FREQ2,MODE,2,FREQ ! 㦋প㄀2䰊乥⥛䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ,ᄬܹব䞣FREQ2
*GET,FREQ3,MODE,3,FREQ ! 㦋প㄀3䰊乥⥛䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ,ᄬܹব䞣FREQ3
! (6) 䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫ/POST1,೒ᔶᰒ⼎ᤃൟ
/POST1 ! 䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫ/POST1
set,1,1 ! 䇏ܹ㄀1䰊῵ᗕⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
PLDISP,2 ! ೒ᔶᰒ⼎㄀1䰊ᤃൟ
set,1,2 ! 䇏ܹ㄀2䰊῵ᗕⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
PLDISP,2 ! ೒ᔶᰒ⼎㄀2䰊ᤃൟ
set,1,3 ! 䇏ܹ㄀3䰊῵ᗕⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
PLDISP,2 ! ೒ᔶᰒ⼎㄀3䰊ᤃൟ
! (7) ᅮН᭄㒘ব䞣,ᇚ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ䕧ߎࠄ᭛ᴀ᭛ӊ
*DIM,LABEL,CHAR,3,2 ! ᅮН1ˆ2ᄫヺൟ᭄㒘LABEL
*DIM,VALUE,,3,3 ! ᅮН1*3᭄ؐൟ᭄㒘VALUE
LABEL(1,1) = ' f1', ' f2', ' f3', ! 㒭ᄫヺൟ᭄㒘LABELⱘ㄀1߫䌟ؐ
LABEL(1,2) = ', (Hz) ', ', (Hz) ', ', (Hz) ' ! 㒭ᄫヺൟ᭄㒘LABELⱘ㄀1߫䌟ؐ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,1),DATA,28.771,115.086,258.943 ! 㒭᭄ؐൟ᭄㒘VALUEⱘ㄀1߫䌟⧚䆎ؐ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,2),DATA,FREQ1, FREQ2, FREQ3 ! 㒭᭄ؐൟ᭄㒘VALUEⱘ㄀2߫䌟䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,3),DATA,ABS(FREQ1/28.771) ,ABS(FREQ2/115.086) ,ABS(FREQ3/258.9
32) ! 㒭᭄ؐൟ᭄㒘VALUEⱘ㄀3߫䌟䅵ㅫؐ੠⧚䆎ؐП䯈ⱘ↨ؐ
/COM
/OUT,EX8_1_1, out ! ᇚ䕧ߎ‫ݙ‬ᆍ䞡ᅮ৥ࠄ᭛ӊEX8_1_1.out
/COM,------------------- EX8.1(1) RESULTS COMPARISON ---------------
/COM,
/COM, | TARGET | ANSYS | RATIO
/COM,
*VWRITE,LABEL(1,1),LABEL(1,2),VALUE(1,1),VALUE(1,2),VALUE(1,3)
(1X,A8,A8,' ',F10.3,' ',F10.3,' ',1F5.3)
/COM,-----------------------------------------------------------
/OUT ! 㒧ᴳ᭄᥂䞡ᅮ৥,݇䯁䕧ߎ᭛ӊ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
*LIST,EX8_1_1, out ! ߫㸼ᰒ⼎᭛ӊEX8_1_1.outⱘ‫ݙ‬ᆍ

㒣䖛ҹϞ⿟ᑣ䅵ㅫˈᕫࠄњ䅵ㅫ㊒ᑺ᳈Ў‫ⱘ⹂ޚ‬乥⥛˄བ㸼8.2᠔⼎˅DŽৠᯊˈ䅵ㅫߎ
ᴹⱘᤃൟг᳈ࡴ᥹䖥ᅲ䰙ᚙ‫މ‬њ˄བ೒8.9㟇೒8.11᠔⼎˅DŽ

㸼8.2 ๲ࡴ㡖⚍ৢⱘㄝ៾䴶ഛ䋼ㅔᬃṕⱘ㞾⬅ᤃࡼ乥⥛

乥 ⥛ ⧚ 䆎 㾷 ANSYS㾷 ↨ ؐ
㄀1䰊乥⥛f1(Hz) 28.771 28.764 1.000
㄀2䰊乥⥛f2(Hz) 115.086 114.972 0.999
㄀3䰊乥⥛f3(Hz) 258.943 258.389 0.998

331
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

೒8.9 ๲ࡴ㡖⚍᭄Пৢㅔᬃṕⱘ㄀1䰊ᤃൟ

೒8.10 ๲ࡴ㡖⚍᭄Пৢㅔᬃṕⱘ㄀2䰊ᤃൟ

೒8.11 ๲ࡴ㡖⚍᭄Пৢㅔᬃṕⱘ㄀3䰊ᤃൟ

332
 ㄀ゴṕⱘᤃࡼߚᵤ

8.2 㞾⬅-㞾⬅ṕⱘ㒉৥㞾⬅ᤃࡼ
2
䭓ᑺl=20.32m l = 20.32 m ⱘഛ䋼ㄝ៾䴶ᴚˈᆚᑺµ=7802kg/m ˈ㞾⬅ᬒ㕂೼∈ᑇ䴶Ϟ˄བ
೒ 8.12᠔ ⼎ ˅DŽ ῾៾䴶䴶⿃ A=25.81cm2 ˈ ៾ 䴶 ᆑ ᑺ ੠ 催 ᑺ b=h=50.8mm ˈᡫ ᔃ ᛃ ᗻ ⶽ
I=55.493cm4 ˈᔍᗻ῵䞣E=207GPaˈ䆩Փ⫼Ѡ㓈ṕऩ‫ܗ‬BEAM3䅵ㅫ㒉৥㞾⬅ᤃࡼⱘࠡ3䰊
乥⥛DŽ
t =20.32mm

೒8.12 㞾⬅-㞾⬅ᴚⱘ㒉৥㞾⬅ᤃࡼ῵ൟ

1ˊ⧚䆎㾷

ᣝ✻᭛⤂[9]㄀269义Ϟ8.3-1ᴵӊˈഛ䋼ㄝ៾䴶ᴚⱘ㒉৥ᤃࡼᮍ⿟Ў˖˷9 ˹:268
∂ 2 u ⎛ E ⎞ ∂ 2u
=⎜ ⎟ (8.5)
∂t 2 ⎝ ρ ⎠ ∂x 2
݊ЁⱘEЎᔍᗻ῵䞣ˈ ρ Ўᴚӊⱘᴤ᭭ᆚᑺDŽ᳾ⶹߑ᭄ u( x , t ) ᰃ㒉৥ᤃࡼԡ⿏DŽ‫؛‬䆒㒉
৥ᤃࡼᰃৃҹߚ⾏ব䞣ⱘߑ᭄ˈे u( x, t ) = U ( x ) G (t ) ˈ߭Ϟ䴶ᤃࡼᮍ⿟(8.5)ৃҹ࣪ㅔЎϸϾ
⣀ゟⱘᐌᖂߚᮍ⿟ˈ䖭ϸϾᐌᖂߚᮍ⿟ⱘ㾷ᰃ˖
ωx ωx
U ( x ) = A sin( )+ B cos( )
c c (8.6)
G (t ) = C sin(ω t ) + D cos(ω t )
݊Ёˈ ω ᰃᤃࡼⱘ೚乥⥛ˈ c = E / ρ ᰃᔍᗻ⊶೼ᴚЁӴ᪁ⱘ䗳ᑺDŽ
⬅Ѣᴚӊⱘッ䚼㞾⬅ˈᬙᑨব೼ッ䚼ㄝѢ䳊ˈ᠔ҹ᳝ᑨ࡯䖍⬠ᴵӊ˖
∂u /∂ x = 0 ˈ ( x = 0, x = l ) (8.7)
Ϟ䴶ⱘᴵӊ(8.8)ৃҹ‫ݭ‬Ў˖
⎛ ∂u ⎞ = A ω C ωt + D ω t = (8.8)
⎜ ∂x ⎟ ( sin cos ) 0
⎝ ⎠ x =0 c
⎛ ∂u ⎞ = ω ⎛ A ω l − B ωl ⎞
⎜ ∂x ⎟ ⎜ cos sin ⎟ (C sin ω t + D cos ωt) = 0 (8.9)
⎝ ⎠ x= l c ⎝ c c⎠
⬅Ѣ䖭ϸϾᮍ⿟ᇍ᠔᳝ⱘᯊ䯈 t 䛑៤ゟˈ᠔ҹ A = 0 ˈ೼ᤃࡼ䖛⿟Ёˈ B ᖙ乏প᳝䰤ؐ
ᴹֱ䆕ᤃࡼⱘᤃᐙᰃ᳝䰤ؐˈ᠔ҹϞᓣ(8.9)ᖙ乏⒵䎇˖
ωl
sin =0 (8.10)
c
᠔ҹᕫࠄ乥⥛ᮍ⿟˖
ω nl
= ω nl ρ / E = n π ˈ (n = 1,2,3,...) (8.11)
c
⬅ℸᕫࠄᴚӊ㒉৥㞾⬅ᤃࡼⱘ乥⥛݀ᓣЎ˖
ωn n E
(8.12)
fn = =
2π 2l ρ

333
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

ᇚ᭄᥂ҷܹࠄ乥⥛݀ᓣ(8.12)ৢˈ៥Ӏᕫࠄ৘䰊乥⥛ߚ߿Ў˖
1 E 1 207 × 109
f1 = = × = 126.74 Hz (8.13)
2l ρ 2 × 20.32 7802
1 E 1 207 × 109
f2 = = × = 253.49 Hz (8.14)
l ρ 20.32 7802
3 E 3 207 × 109
f3 = = × = 380.23 Hz (8.15)
2l ρ 2 × 20.32 7802

2ˊANSYSߚᵤ

ᴚⱘ㒉৥㞾⬅ᤃࡼϢᴚⱘ៾䴶޴ԩখ᭄᮴݇ˈ᠔ҹ䖭䞠ᅮНⱘᅲᐌ᭄䛑প1DŽ೼ᴚⱘ䭓
ᑺᮍ৥䗝পњ12ϾЏ㞾⬅ᑺˈ݊Ҫᮍ৥ⱘԡ⿏㞾⬅ᑺ䛑ᖙ乏㹿㑺ᴳ˄བ೒8.13᠔⼎˅DŽ∖
㾷䆹䯂乬Џ㽕㒣䖛ҹϟℹ偸DŽ

೒8.13 㞾⬅-㞾⬅ᴚⱘ㒉৥㞾⬅ᤃࡼ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟ

(1) Շ࿌ٝё༪ົcӦ၍फ໸cϫॸϵ೴ۤಬШ೴d
⫼Ꮉ⿟᭛ӊᅮНੑҸĀ/FileName, EX8.2āᅮН᭛ӊৡ⿄ЎEX8.2ˈ᠔᳝䆹Ꮉ⿟䅵ㅫⳌ
݇ⱘ᭄᥂᭛ӊˈ䛑ӮҹEX8.2ᓔ༈ˈϡৠⱘৢ㓔ৡ⿄㒧ᴳDŽ⫼Ā/PREP7āࡴ䕑ࠡ໘⧚῵ഫˈ
೼ࠡ໘⧚῵ഫЁˈ᳝䆌໮ᓎゟ῵ൟⳌ݇ⱘੑҸˈা᳝೼ࡴ䕑/PREP7ੑҸৢᠡৃҹՓ⫼DŽ⫼
Ā/TITLEāᅮНᎹ⿟ᷛ乬ˈ䆹ᷛ乬Ӯߎ⦄೼೒ᔶにষㄝԡ㕂DŽ⫼ĀC***āᓔྟⱘੑҸᰃ⊼
䞞㸠DŽ
ߚᵤ㉏ൟᅮНᰃ䗮䖛ੑҸĀANTYPE,MODALāᣛᅮᔧࠡⱘߚᵤ㉏ൟЎ῵ᗕߚᵤDŽ⫼
ऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟᅮНੑҸĀET,1,BEAM3āᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬ЎѠ㓈ᔍᗻṕऩ‫ܗ‬BEAM3DŽANSYSᦤ
կϔⱒ໮⾡ऩ‫ˈܗ‬೼Փ⫼䖭ѯऩ‫ܗ‬Пࠡˈᖙ乏⫼ĀETāᅮН㽕Փ⫼ાѯऩ‫ˈܗ‬䖭ѯऩ‫ܗ‬䛑
᳝㉏ൟৡ⿄੠㓪ো㒘៤ˈ㓪োᰃ䆹ऩ‫ܗ‬೼ANSYSЁᚳϔⱘᘏ㓪োDŽ䖭䞠ⱘऩ‫ܗ‬ৡ⿄гৃҹ
া⫼㓪োˈԚᰃϔ㠀Ўњ֓Ѣ䆄ᖚ੠߿Ҏ䯙䇏ˈሑৃ㛑Փ⫼㉏ൟˇ㓪োⱘৡ⿄ˈབĀLINK1”ˈ
ĀBEAM3āㄝㄝDŽ
ᅲᐌ᭄ᅮНੑҸĀR,1,1,1,1āᅮНṕⱘ៾䴶⿃ЎAREA=1ˈᡫᔃᛃᗻⶽЎIZZ=1੠៾䴶
催ᑺЎHEIGHT=1DŽ⡍ᕕؐ∖㾷䗝乍ĀMODOPT,LANB,3āᣛᅮ⫼ߚഫLANCZOS⡍ᕕؐ∖
㾷఼∖㾷ࠡ3䰊⡍ᕕؐDŽ
ᴤ᭭খ᭄ᅮНੑҸĀMP,EX,1,207E9āᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EX = 207 GPaˈ⫼
4
ĀMP,DENS,1,7802āᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᆚᑺDENS = 7802 kg/m ˈ⫼ĀMP,PRXY,,0.3āᅮН
㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨PRXY = 0.3DŽ
(2) ඹ‫ߏڑڶ‬ԤԅՇ࿌ߙो੦໸d
ᣝ✻೒8.13᠔⼎᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟᅮНⱘതᷛ㋏ˈ⫼݇䬂⚍ᅮНੑҸĀK,1ā೼തᷛॳ⚍˄0,0,0˅

334
 ㄀ゴṕⱘᤃࡼߚᵤ

ᅮН㄀1Ͼ݇䬂⚍ˈ䖭䞠ⳕ⬹њ᠔᳝ⱘখ᭄Ā0āDŽ⫼ĀK,2,20.32ā೼ᴚⱘেッതᷛ(20.32m,0)
ԡ㕂ᅮН㄀2Ͼ݇䬂⚍DŽ⫼ᅮН㒓ⱘੑҸĀL,1,2ā䖛݇䬂⚍1,2ᅮНⳈ㒓DŽ⫼ऩ‫ܗ‬ሎᇌ䆒㕂
ੑҸĀESIZE,,11āᣛᅮऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬Ḑ᭄Ў11DŽ⫼㒓ऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬ੑҸĀLMESH,1āᇍⳈ㒓1䖯㸠
ऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬DŽ
䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ䕧ߎ䗝乍ĀOUTPR,BASIC,1ā䆒㕂া䕧ߎ㄀1䰊乥⥛ⱘ෎ᴀ‫ݙ‬ᆍDŽ
ԡ⿏㑺ᴳᅮНੑҸĀD,ALL,UY,,,,,ROTZā㑺ᴳ᠔᳝㡖⚍೼Yᮍ৥ⱘ㞾⬅ᑺUY੠㒩Z䕈
䕀ࡼ㞾⬅ᑺROTZDŽ䗮䖛䖭ѯℹ偸ˈᕫࠄབ೒8.14᠔⼎ⱘ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟDŽ
(3) ၽௐࠓ੦ࣖēࢗಳ੦ൟ‫ד‬๥ԅௐࠓd
(4) ၽྡྷ͎‫҉܊‬स੦ࣖᄯ,‫ݦ‬௜଴৑‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ڴ‬d
⫼Ā/POST1āࡴ䕑ৢ໘⧚῵ഫDŽ⫼䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰᦤপੑҸĀ*GET,FREQ1,MODE,1,FREQā
㦋প㄀1䰊乥⥛䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰˈᄬܹব䞣FREQ1˗⫼Ā*GET,FREQ2,MODE,2,FREQā㦋প㄀2
䰊乥⥛䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ ˈᄬܹব䞣FREQ2DŽ⫼Ā*GET,FREQ3,MODE,3,FREQā㦋প㄀3䰊乥⥛
䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰˈᄬܹব䞣FREQ3DŽֱᄬࠄব䞣Ёⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰৃҹ䗮䖛GUI⬠䴶ϞⱘĀUtility Menu
-> Parameters -> Scale Parameters …āᠧᓔব䞣ᅮНᰒ⼎にষˈⳟࠄ䆹ব䞣ⱘؐ˄བ೒8.15
᠔⼎˅

೒8.14 㞾⬅-㞾⬅ᴚⱘ㒉৥㞾⬅ᤃࡼⱘ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟ ೒8.15 㞾⬅-㞾⬅ᴚⱘ㒉৥㞾⬅ᤃࡼⱘ乥⥛䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ

(5) Շ࿌೴ᆦέ२,ߜ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ڴ‬೛ѻӾำ·ำߑd

3ˊANSYS⑤⿟ᑣ
FINISH
/CLEAR, NOSTART ! ⏙䰸᭄᥂,ϡࡴ䕑߱ྟ࣪᭛ӊ
! (1) ᅮНᎹ⿟䗝乍ǃऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟǃᴤ᭭খ᭄੠ᅲᐌ᭄
/FileName, EX8.2 ! ᅮН᭛ӊৡ⿄
/PREP7 ! ࡴ䕑ࠡ໘⧚῵ഫ
/TITLE, EX8.2, LONGITUDINAL VIBRATION OF A FREE-FREE ROD
C***VIBRATION THEORY AND APPLICATIONS, THOMSON, 2ND, PAGE 269, EX 8.3-1
ANTYPE,MODAL ! ᣛᅮߚᵤ㉏ൟЎ῵ᗕߚᵤ
ET,1,BEAM3 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬ЎѠ㓈ᔍᗻṕऩ‫ܗ‬BEAM3
R,1,1,1,1 ! ᅮНṕⱘ៾䴶⿃ЎAREA=1,ᡫᔃᛃᗻⶽЎIZZ=1੠៾䴶催ᑺЎHEIGHT=1

335
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

MODOPT,LANB,3 ! 䗝ᢽߚഫLANCZOS⡍ᕕؐ∖㾷఼,∖㾷ࠡ3䰊῵ᗕ
MP,EX,1,207E9 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EX ˙ 207 GPa
MP,DENS,1,7802 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᆚᑺDENS ˙ 7802 kg/m^4
MP,PRXY,,0.3 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨PRXY ˙ 0.3
! (2) 䗮䖛݇䬂⚍ⱘᅮНᓎゟ῵ൟ
K,1 ! ೼തᷛॳ⚍˄0,0,0˅ᅮН㄀1Ͼ݇䬂⚍
K,2,20.32 ! ೼തᷛ(20.32m,0)ᅮН㄀2Ͼ݇䬂⚍
L,1,2 ! 䖛݇䬂⚍1,2ᅮНⳈ㒓
ESIZE,,11 ! ᣛᅮऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬Ḑ᭄Ў11
LMESH,1 ! ᇍⳈ㒓1䖯㸠ऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬
OUTPR,BASIC,1 ! 䕧ߎ㄀1䰊乥⥛ⱘ෎ᴀ‫ݙ‬ᆍ
D,ALL,UY,,,,,ROTZ ! 㑺ᴳ᠔᳝㡖⚍೼Yᮍ৥ⱘ㞾⬅ᑺUY੠㒩Z䕈䕀ࡼ㞾⬅ᑺROTZ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎࠡ໘⧚῵ഫPREP7
! (3) ೼∖㾷῵ഫ,ᓔྟ῵ᗕߚᵤⱘ∖㾷
/SOLU ! ࡴ䕑∖㾷῵ഫ
SOLVE ! ᓔྟ∖㾷
FINISH ! 䗔ߎ∖㾷῵ഫSOLUTION
! (4) ೼ϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫЁ,㦋প乥⥛䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
/POST1 ! ࡴ䕑ৢ໘⧚
*GET,FREQ1,MODE,1,FREQ ! 㦋প㄀1䰊乥⥛䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ,ᄬܹব䞣FREQ1
*GET,FREQ2,MODE,2,FREQ ! 㦋প㄀2䰊乥⥛䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ,ᄬܹব䞣FREQ2
*GET,FREQ3,MODE,3,FREQ ! 㦋প㄀3䰊乥⥛䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ,ᄬܹব䞣FREQ3
! (5) ᅮН᭄㒘ব䞣,ᇚ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ䕧ߎࠄ᭛ᴀ᭛ӊ
*DIM,LABEL,CHAR,3,2 ! ᅮН3ˆ2ᄫヺൟ᭄㒘LABEL
*DIM,VALUE,,3,3 ! ᅮН3ˆ3᭄ؐൟ᭄㒘VALUE
LABEL(1,1) = ' f1',' f2',' f3' ! 㒭ᄫヺൟ᭄㒘LABELⱘ㄀1߫䌟ؐ
LABEL(1,2) = ', (Hz) ',', (Hz) ',', (Hz) '
*VFILL,VALUE(1,1),DATA,0,126.74,253.49 ! 㒭ᄫヺൟ᭄㒘VALUEⱘ㄀1߫䌟⧚䆎ؐ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,2),DATA,FREQ1,FREQ2,FREQ3 ! 㒭ᄫヺൟ᭄㒘VALUEⱘ㄀2߫䌟䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,3),DATA,0,ABS(FREQ2/126.70),ABS(FREQ3/253.40)
/COM
/OUT,EX8_2, out ! ᇚ䕧ߎ‫ݙ‬ᆍ䞡ᅮ৥ࠄ᭛ӊEX8_2.out
/COM,------------------- EX8.2 RESULTS COMPARISON --------------
/COM,
/COM, | TARGET | ANSYS | RATIO
/COM,
*VWRITE,LABEL(1,1),LABEL(1,2),VALUE(1,1),VALUE(1,2),VALUE(1,3)
(1X,A8,A8,' ',F10.2,' ',F10.2,' ',1F5.3)
/COM,----------------------------------------------------------
/OUT ! 㒧ᴳ᭄᥂䞡ᅮ৥,݇䯁䕧ߎ᭛ӊ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
*LIST,EX8_2, out ! ߫㸼ᰒ⼎᭛ӊEX8_2.outⱘ‫ݙ‬ᆍ

336
 ㄀ゴṕⱘᤃࡼߚᵤ

4ˊ㒧ᵰ䅼䆎

㸼8.3 ߽⫼Ѡ㓈ṕऩ‫ܗ‬BEAM3䅵ㅫᴚⱘ㒉৥㞾⬅ᤃࡼ乥⥛
乥 ⥛ ⧚ 䆎 㾷 Ansys㾷 ↨ ؐ
㄀1䰊乥⥛f1(Hz) 0.00 0.00 ˉ
㄀2䰊乥⥛f2(Hz) 126.70 127.18 1.004
㄀3䰊乥⥛f3(Hz) 253.40 256.95 1.014

߽⫼Ϟ䴶ᦤկⱘ⿟ᑣˈᕫࠄ㸼8.3᠔⼎ⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰDŽҢ㸼Ёⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰঞ݊Ϣ⧚䆎ؐⱘ
↨䕗থ⦄ˈᇍѢԢ䰊ᤃࡼ乥⥛ˈ䖲㓁ԧ⾏ᬷৢⱘ䇃Ꮒ䕗ᇣˈ㗠ᇍѢ催䰊ᤃࡼ乥⥛ˈᕅડ䕗
໻DŽৠᯊANSYS㒭ߎњ乥⥛Ў0ⱘ߮ԧ䖤ࡼ῵ᗕDŽ

8.3 ᳝䕈৥य़࡯԰⫼ⱘㅔᬃṕⱘ㞾⬅ᤃࡼ
ᆚᑺµ=7781kg/m3 ˈ
೒8.16᠔⼎䎼ᑺl=2.032mⱘㄝ៾䴶ㅔᬃṕˈ ῾៾䴶䴶⿃A=25.81cm2 ˈ
៾䴶ᆑᑺ੠催ᑺb=h=50.8mmˈᡫᔃᛃᗻⶽI=55.493cm4 ˈᔍᗻ῵䞣E=207GPaˈ೼䕈৥य़࡯
F=177.932kNⱘ԰⫼ϟˈ䆩Փ⫼ϝ㓈ᔍᗻṕऩ‫ܗ‬BEAM4䅵ㅫ䆹ṕ೼䕈৥य़࡯԰⫼ϟ῾៾䴶
Ϟⱘℷᑨ࡯੠েջᬃᑻⱘ∈ᑇԡ⿏ˈҹঞᔃ᳆㞾⬅ᤃࡼⱘࠡ3䰊乥⥛ˈᑊ↨䕗⬅䕈৥य़࡯੠
≵᳝䕈৥य़࡯ᯊ㞾⬅ᤃࡼ乥⥛ⱘব࣪DŽ

b t=2.032mm
h x

೒8.16 ফ䕈৥य़࡯԰⫼ⱘㅔᬃṕ㞾⬅ᤃࡼ῵ൟ

1ˊ⧚䆎㾷

ᣝ✻᭛⤂[10]㄀374义Ϟⱘᮍ⿟59ˈ㗗㰥䕈৥࡯ᕅડᯊˈṕⱘᔃ᳆ᤃࡼᮍ⿟Ў˖[10]:374
∂2 ⎛ ∂2 y ⎞ ∂2y ∂2y
⎜ EI ⎟ − T = − ρ A (8.16)
∂ x2 ⎝ ∂ x2 ⎠ ∂x 2 ∂t 2
݊Ёˈ T ᰃṕ῾៾䴶ⱘ䕈৥ᢝ࡯ˈᇍѢ䕈৥य़࡯ˈপ T < 0 ˈ ρ ᰃṕⱘᴤ᭭ᆚᑺˈAᰃ
῾៾䴶䴶⿃ˈEIᰃṕⱘᡫᔃ߮ᑺDŽ
ᇍѢㄝ៾䴶Ⳉṕˈᔃ᳆ᮍ⿟(8.16)ৃҹㅔ࣪Ў˖
∂4 y ∂2 y ∂2 y
EI 4 − T 2 = − ρ A 2 (8.17)
∂x ∂x ∂t
䆒ṕ೼ᶤϔϾᤃൟϟᤃࡼˈ៥Ӏৃҹপ݊㾷ㄨЎ˖
y( x, t) = X ( x) ( A cos pt + B sin pt)
݊Ёˈ X ( x ) ᰃ䆹䰊ᤃࡼⱘᤃൟDŽᇚ䖭Ͼ㾷ㄨҷܹࠄㄝ៾䴶ṕⱘᤃࡼᮍ⿟(8.17)ˈৃҹᕫ
ࠄᤃൟ⒵䎇ⱘᐌᖂߚᮍ⿟˖

337
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

d 4 X ( x) d 2 X ( x)
EI − T = ρ Ap 2 X ( x) (8.18)
dx4 dx2
ᤃൟߑ᭄䰸њ⒵䎇Ϟ䴶ⱘᖂߚᮍ⿟(8.18)໪ˈ䖬㽕⒵䎇᠔᳝ⱘԡ⿏䖍⬠ᴵӊDŽᇍѢফ䕈
࡯԰⫼ⱘㅔᬃṕˈৃҹᕜᆍᯧഄᡒࠄ⒵䎇᠔᳝䖍⬠ᴵӊⱘ㾷ˈे˖
iπ x
X i ( x ) = sin (8.19)
l
䆹㾷ㄨᇍᑨѢ㄀ i 㾷ᤃൟˈᇚ݊ҷܹࠡ䴶ⱘᐌᖂߚᮍ⿟ৢˈৃҹ㾷ߎᤃࡼⱘ೚乥⥛˖
i2 π 2 EI T l2
pi = 2 1+ 2 2 (8.20)
l ρA i π EI
䕈৥ᢝ࡯ӮՓṕⱘᤃࡼ乥⥛छ催ˈডПˈय़࡯߭Փ݊䰡ԢDŽᇍѢㅔᬃṕˈ೼䕈৥࡯T
ⱘ԰⫼ϟ㄀i䰊乥⥛ fi ݀ᓣЎ˖

pi 1 iπ 2 EI ⎛ T l2 ⎞
fi =
= ( ) ⎜ 1 + ⎟ (8.21)
2π 2π l ρ A ⎝ (i π ) 2 E I ⎠
ᔧTЎᢝ࡯៪य़࡯ᯊϞ䴶݀ᓣ䛑៤ゟDŽ៥Ӏ⊼ᛣࠄˈᔧय़࡯T = ( iπ )2 E I / l 2 ᯊˈ乥⥛ㄝ
Ѣ䳊ˈ݊⠽⧚ᛣНᰃ˖䕈৥य़࡯䖒ࠄЈ⬠㥋䕑ˈṕϡ‫ݡ‬ᤃࡼDŽᔧय़࡯㒻㓁๲໻ˈᴚӊ༅এ
〇ᅮᗻDŽҢᏆⶹ᭄᥂ˈ៥Ӏ᳝˖
E I = 207 ×109 × 55.493 × 10 −8 = 1.1487 × 105 Ngm
2

ρ A = 7781 ×25.81 ×10 −4 = 20.083 kg/m

೼䕈৥य़࡯ⱘ԰⫼ϟˈ䕈৥ᑨ࡯ؐЎ˖
N 177932
σ = = = 68 .94 MPa (8.22)
A 2581
ᭈϾᴚӊⱘय़㓽䞣ؐЎ˖
N l 177932 × 2032
Δl = = = 0 .67674 mm (8.22)
E A 207000 × 2581
гህᰃ䇈ˈে䖍ᬃᑻ೼৥Ꮊⱘ䲚Ё࡯԰⫼ϟˈӮ৥Ꮊ⿏ࡼ0.67674 mmDŽ
῾৥ᤃࡼⱘ㄀1䰊乥⥛Ў˖
π EI ⎛ Tl 2 ⎞
f1= ⎜⎜1 + ⎟
2 ρAl 4 ⎝ π 2 EI ⎟⎠
(8.23)
3.14159 1.1487 × 10 5 ⎡ 177932 × 2. 032 2 ⎤
= ⎢1 − 5 ⎥
= 17.069Hz
2 2. 032 × 20. 083 ⎣ 3. 14159 × 1.1487 × 10 ⎦
4 2

ৠ⧚ˈᕫࠄ㄀2䰊乥⥛੠㄀3䰊乥⥛ߚ߿Ў˖
EI ⎛ Tl 2 ⎞
f 1 = 2π ⎜1 + ⎟
ρAl 4 ⎜⎝ 4π 2 EI ⎟⎠
(8.24)
1.1487 × 10 5 ⎡ 177932 × 2.032 2 ⎤
= 2 × 3.14159 × ⎢1 − 5 ⎥
= 105.352Hz
2.032 × 20.083 ⎣ 4 × 3.14159 × 1. 1487 × 10 ⎦
4 2

338
 ㄀ゴṕⱘᤃࡼߚᵤ

2π EI ⎛ Tl 2 ⎞
f3 = ⎜⎜1 + ⎟
9 ρAl 4 π 2 ⎟
⎝ 9 EI ⎠
(8.25)
9 × 3.14159 1. 1487 × 10 5 ⎡ 177932 × 2. 032 2 ⎤
= ⎢1 − 5 ⎥
= 249.446Hz
2 2.032 × 20.083 ⎣ 9 × 3.14159 × 1. 1487 × 10 ⎦
4 2

ᔧ䕈৥य़࡯ㄝѢ䳊ᯊˈϞᓣЁⱘT=0ˈ߭ࠡ3䰊乥⥛ձ⃵Ў˖
π EI 3. 14159 1.1487 ×10 5
f1 = = = 28.771 Hz
2 ρAl 4 2 20 .083 × 2 .032 4
EI 1 .1487 × 10 5
f 2 = 2π = 2 × 3.14159 = 115 .086 Hz
ρAl 4 20.083 × 2.032 4
9π EI 9 × 3.14159 1.1487 × 10 5
f3 = = = 258 .943 Hz
2 ρAl 4
2 20 .083 × 2.032 4

2ˊANSYSߚᵤ

Ўњ᳈དഄ῵ᢳ᳝䕈৥य़࡯԰⫼ⱘㅔᬃṕⱘᔃ᳆ᤃࡼˈ䖭䞠䗝পњ14Ͼ㡖⚍DŽ⬅Ѣ䖭
䞠ⱘᤃࡼᰃ㗗㰥乘ᑨ࡯ᬜᑨⱘᤃࡼ䯂乬ˈ᠔ҹ೼ᠧᓔ乘ᑨ࡯䗝乍ৢˈ‫ܜ‬䖯㸠ϔ⃵䴭࡯ߚᵤDŽ
✊ৢᇚ䴭࡯ߚᵤ㒧ᵰ԰Ў乘ᑨ࡯ᮑࡴ೼㒧ᵘϞˈᇍᮑࡴ乘ᑨ࡯ৢⱘ㒧ᵘ䖯㸠῵ᗕߚᵤDŽ
⬅Ѣ῵ᗕߚᵤⱘ㒧ᵰձ䌪ѢЏ㞾⬅ᑺⱘϾ᭄ˈ᠔ҹ䖭䞠䗝ᢽњ᳔໮ⱘ12Ͼ೼ṕⱘ䭓ᑺ
ᮍ৥ഛࣔߚᏗⱘЏ㞾⬅ᑺ˄བ೒8.17᠔⼎˅DŽϟ䴶ᰃЏ㽕ℹ偸੠䇈ᯢDŽ

t =2.032mm

೒8.17 ফ䕈৥य़࡯԰⫼ⱘㅔᬃṕ㞾⬅ᤃࡼⱘ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟ

(1) Շ࿌ٝё༪ົc‫ד‬๥फ໸cӦ၍फ໸cಬШ೴ۤϫॸϵ೴d
⫼Ā/FileName,EX8.3āᅮНᎹ⿟᭛ӊৡ⿄DŽ⫼ߚᵤ㉏ൟᅮНੑҸĀANTYPE,STATICā
ᅮНߚᵤ㉏ൟЎ䴭࡯ߚᵤDŽ⫼ĀPSTRES,ONāᠧᓔ乘ᑨ࡯ᓔ݇(ᇍѢ৿᳝乘ᑨ࡯ⱘ῵ᗕߚᵤˈ
ᖙ乏ᠧᓔ䆹䗝乍)DŽ⫼ऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟᅮНੑҸĀET,1,BEAM4āᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬Ўぎ䯈ṕऩ‫ܗ‬
BEAM4DŽ
⫼ᅲᐌ᭄ᅮНੑҸĀR,1,25.81E4,55.493E8,55.493E8,50.8E3,50.8E3āᅮНϝ㓈ṕ
2 4
ऩ‫ܗ‬BEAM4ⱘ៾䴶⿃Ў25.81E4 m ˈϸϾᮍ৥ⱘᡫᔃᛃᗻⶽ55.493E8 m ੠ϸϾᮍ৥ⱘ៾
䴶催ᑺЎ50.8 mmDŽ
⫼ᴤ᭭খ᭄ᅮНੑҸĀMP,EX,1,207E9āᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EX = 207GPaˈ⫼
3
ĀMP,DENS,1,7781āᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᆚᑺDENS = 7781kg/m ˈ⫼ĀMP,PRXY,,0.3āᅮН㄀
1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨ЎPRXY = 0.3DŽ

339
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

(2) Շ࿌ࠋԤสᄢۤӦ၍ॕࠄd
⫼㡖⚍ᅮНੑҸĀN,1ā೼തᷛॳ⚍(0,0,0)ᅮН㄀1ো㒧⚍ˈ⫼ĀN,14,2.032ā೼᳔েッ
(2.032m,0,0)໘ᅮН㡖⚍14DŽ⫼฿‫⫳ܙ‬៤㡖⚍ⱘੑҸĀFILLā೼1ো㡖⚍੠14ো㡖⚍Ё䯈ˈ
฿‫⫳ܙ‬៤݊ԭⱘ㡖⚍DŽ
⫼ऩ‫ܗ‬ᅮНੑҸĀE,1,2āᅮН䖛1ˈ2㡖⚍ⱘ㄀1Ͼऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ⫼ऩ‫⫳ܗ‬៤ੑҸĀEGEN,13,1,1ā
ᣝ✻ࠡϔϾऩ‫ⱘܗ‬ḋᓣˈᕾ⦃13⃵⫳៤݊ԭⱘ12Ͼऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ
(3) ಠަสྭၟ೯ۤ۠ၻd
⫼ᮑࡴԡ⿏㑺ᴳੑҸĀD,1,UY,,,14,,ROTX,ROTZāᕾ⦃㑺ᴳ㡖⚍1ࠄ14ⱘUY㞾⬅ᑺˈ
㒩X䕈੠㒩Z䕈ⱘ䕀ࡼ㞾⬅ᑺROTX੠ROTZDŽ⫼ĀD,1,UX,,,,,UZā㑺ᴳ1ো㡖⚍ⱘUX੠UZ
㞾⬅ᑺˈ䖭ḋˈ1ো㡖⚍ህা࠽ϟ㒩Y䕈ⱘ䕀ࡼ㞾⬅ᑺњDŽ⫼ĀD,14,UZā㑺ᴳ14ো㡖⚍ⱘ
UZ㞾⬅ᑺDŽ
⫼ᮑࡴ㥋䕑࡯ⱘੑҸĀF,14,FX,177932ā೼14ো㡖⚍Ϟᮑࡴ⊓ⴔXᮍ৥ⱘ໻ᇣㄝѢ
177932Nⱘ䲚Ё࡯DŽ⫼Џ㞾⬅ᑺᅮНੑҸĀM,2,UZ,13āᅮН2োࠄ13ো㡖⚍ⱘUZЎЏ㞾⬅
ᑺDŽ㒣䖛䖭ѯℹ偸ᕫࠄབ೒8.18᠔⼎ⱘ῵ൟDŽ

೒8.18 Ⳉ᥹ᓎ῵੠ԡ⿏㑺ᴳৢⱘ䅵ㅫ῵ൟ

(4) ࠩదௐࠓ੦ࣖēᄗՇௐࠓ༪ົωௐࠓd
⫼䕧ߎ䗝乍ᅮН䆒㕂ੑҸĀOUTPR,BASIC,1āᣛᅮ䕧ߎ䗝乍Ў㄀1䰊乥⥛ⱘ෎ᴀ䕧ߎ
খ᭄DŽ⫼ĀSOLVEāੑҸᓔྟ䴭࡯ߚᵤⱘ∖㾷DŽ
(5) ࠩదྡྷ͎‫҉܊‬स੦ࣖēඔ௜଴৑‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ڴ‬d
⫼Ā/POST1ā䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫDŽ‫ܜ‬Փ⫼ऩ‫ܗ‬㸼ᅮНੑҸĀETABLE,STRS,LS,1ā
ҹᴚӊ䕈৥ᑨ࡯Ў‫ݙ‬ᆍˈᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬㸼STRSDŽ✊ৢ⫼㒧ᵰᦤপੑҸĀ*GET, STRSS, ELEM, 13,
ETAB, STRSāҢऩ‫ܗ‬㸼STRSЁᦤপ13োऩ‫ⱘܗ‬ᑨ࡯ˈᄬܹব䞣STRSSDŽ⫼Ā*GET,DEF,
NODE, 14,U,Xāᦤপ14ো㡖⚍ⱘ∈ᑇԡ⿏UXˈᄬܹব䞣DEFDŽ
(6) ᄷ໭ࠩదௐࠓ੦ࣖēဈ੦ൟௐࠓֺ֥ௐࠓd

340
 ㄀ゴṕⱘᤃࡼߚᵤ

⫼ĀANTYPE,MODALāᣛᅮ∖㾷㉏ൟЎ῵ᗕߚᵤˈ⫼ĀPSTRES,ONāᠧᓔ乘ᑨ࡯ᓔ
݇DŽ⫼ĀMXPAND,3āᣛᅮሩᓔࠡ3䰊῵ᗕˈ⫼ĀMODOPT,LANB,3āᣛᅮ䗝⫼ߚഫLANCZOS
⡍ᕕؐ∖㾷ㅫ⊩∖㾷ᘏԧ߮ᑺⶽ䰉ⱘ⡍ᕕؐDŽ⫼ĀSOLVEāᓔྟ∖㾷DŽ
(7) ඔ௜଴৑‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ڴ‬d
⫼Ā*GET,FREQ1,MODE,1,FREQā㦋প㄀1䰊乥⥛ˈᄬܹব䞣FREQ1DŽ㉏Ԑഄˈᇚ㄀2ˈ
3䰊乥⥛ˈᦤপৢߚ߿ᄬܹব䞣FREQ2੠FREQ3DŽ䗮䖛GUI ⬠䴶ϞⱘĀ Utility Menu ->
Parameters -> Scale Parameters …āᠧᓔব䞣ᅮНᰒ⼎にষˈⳟࠄࠡ䴶䴭࡯ߚᵤ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ੠
乥⥛䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰㄝ䖭ѯব䞣ⱘؐ˄བ೒8.19᠔⼎˅DŽ

೒8.19 ᶹⳟ㹿ᦤপߎⱘֱᄬࠄব䞣Ёⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ

(8) Շ࿌೴ᆦέ२ēߜ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ڴ‬೛ѻӾำ·ำߑd

3ˊANSYS⑤⿟ᑣ˖

FINISH
/CLEAR, NOSTART ! ⏙䰸᭄᥂,ϡࡴ䕑߱ྟ࣪᭛ӊ
! (1) ᅮНᎹ⿟䗝乍ǃߚᵤ㉏ൟǃऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟǃᅲᐌ᭄੠ᴤ᭭খ᭄
/FileName, EX8.3 ! ᅮНᎹ⿟᭛ӊৡ⿄
/PREP7 ! ࡴ䕑ࠡ໘⧚῵ഫ
/TITLE, EX8.3, LATERAL VIBRATION OF AN AXIALLY LOADED BAR
C*** VIBRATION PROBS. IN ENGR., TIMOSHENKO, 3RD. ED., PAGE 374, ART. 59
ANTYPE,STATIC ! ᅮНߚᵤ㉏ൟЎ䴭࡯ߚᵤ
PSTRES,ON ! ᠧᓔ乘ᑨ࡯ᓔ݇(ᇍѢ৿᳝乘ᑨ࡯ⱘ῵ᗕߚᵤ,ᖙ乏ᠧᓔ䆹䗝乍)
ET,1,BEAM4 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬Ўぎ䯈ṕऩ‫ܗ‬BEAM4
R,1,25.81E-4,55.493E-8,55.493E-8,50.8E-3,50.8E-3 ! ᅮНṕऩ‫៾ⱘܗ‬䴶޴ԩখ᭄˖៾
䴶⿃25.81E-4 m^2,ϸϾᮍ৥ⱘᡫᔃᛃᗻⶽ55.493E-8 m^4੠ϸϾᮍ৥ⱘ៾䴶催ᑺ50.8E-3 m.
MP,EX,1,207E9 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EX = 207GPa
MP,DENS,1,7781 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᆚᑺDENS = 7781kg/m^3
MP,PRXY,,0.3 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨PRXY = 0.3
! (2) ᅮН㡖⚍ԡ㕂੠ऩ‫ܗ‬䖲᥹

341
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

N,1 ! ೼തᷛॳ⚍(0,0,0)ᅮН㄀1ো㒧⚍
N,14,2.032 ! ೼᳔েッ(2.032m,0,0)໘ᅮН㡖⚍14
FILL ! ೼1ো㡖⚍੠14ো㡖⚍Ё䯈,฿‫⫳ܙ‬៤݊ԭⱘ㡖⚍
E,1,2 ! ᅮН䖛1,2㡖⚍ⱘ㄀1Ͼऩ‫ܗ‬
EGEN,13,1,1 ! ᣝ✻ࠡϔϾऩ‫ⱘܗ‬ḋᓣ,ᕾ⦃13⃵⫳៤݊ԭⱘ12Ͼऩ‫ܗ‬
! (3) ᮑࡴԡ⿏㑺ᴳ੠㥋䕑
D,1,UY,,,14,,ROTX,ROTZ ! 㑺ᴳ㡖⚍1ࠄ14ⱘUY㞾⬅ᑺ੠㒩X䕈Z䕈ⱘ䕀ࡼ㞾⬅ᑺ
D,1,UX,,,,,UZ ! 㑺ᴳ1ো㡖⚍ⱘUX੠UZ㞾⬅ᑺ,1ো㡖⚍া࠽ϟ㒩Y䕈ⱘ䕀ࡼ㞾⬅ᑺ
D,14,UZ ! 㑺ᴳ14ো㡖⚍ⱘUZ㞾⬅ᑺ
F,14,FX,-177932 ! ೼14ো㡖⚍Ϟᮑࡴ⊓ⴔ-Xᮍ৥໻ᇣㄝѢ177932Nⱘ䲚Ё࡯
M,2,UZ,13 ! 䗝ᢽ2োࠄ13ো㡖⚍ⱘUZЎЏ㞾⬅ᑺ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎࠡ໘⧚῵ഫPREP7
! (4) 䖯ܹ∖㾷῵ഫ,ᣛᅮ∖㾷䗝乍ᑊ∖㾷
/SOLU ! ࡴ䕑∖㾷῵ഫ
OUTPR,BASIC,1 ! ᣛᅮ䕧ߎ䗝乍Ў㄀1䰊乥⥛ⱘ෎ᴀ䕧ߎখ᭄
SOLVE ! ᓔྟ䴭࡯ߚᵤⱘ∖㾷
FINISH ! 䗔ߎ∖㾷῵ഫSOLUTION
! (5) 䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫ,ᦤপ乥⥛䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
/POST1 ! 䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
ETABLE,STRS,LS,1 ! ҹᴚӊ䕈৥ᑨ࡯Ў‫ݙ‬ᆍ,ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬㸼STRS
*GET,STRSS,ELEM,13,ETAB,STRS ! Ңऩ‫ܗ‬㸼STRSЁᦤপ13োऩ‫ⱘܗ‬ᑨ࡯,ᄬܹব䞣STRSS
*GET,DEF,NODE,14,U,X ! ᦤপ14ো㡖⚍ⱘ∈ᑇԡ⿏UX,ᄬܹব䞣DEF
! (6) 䞡ᮄ䖯ܹ∖㾷῵ഫ,⫼῵ᗕ∖㾷ᮍ⊩∖㾷
/SOLU ! ࡴ䕑∖㾷῵ഫ
ANTYPE,MODAL ! ᣛᅮ∖㾷㉏ൟЎ῵ᗕߚᵤ
PSTRES,ON ! ᠧᓔ乘ᑨ࡯ᓔ݇
MXPAND,3 ! ᣛᅮሩᓔࠡ3䰊῵ᗕ
MODOPT,LANB,3 ! 䗝ᢽߚഫLANCZOS⡍ᕕؐ∖㾷ㅫ⊩
SOLVE ! ᓔྟ῵ᗕߚᵤⱘ∖㾷
! (7) ᦤপ乥⥛䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
*GET,FREQ1,MODE,1,FREQ ! 㦋প㄀1䰊乥⥛,ᄬܹব䞣FREQ1
*GET,FREQ2,MODE,2,FREQ ! 㦋প㄀2䰊乥⥛,ᄬܹব䞣FREQ2
*GET,FREQ3,MODE,3,FREQ ! 㦋প㄀3䰊乥⥛,ᄬܹব䞣FREQ3
! (8) ᅮН᭄㒘ব䞣,ᇚ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ䕧ߎࠄ᭛ᴀ᭛ӊ
*DIM,LABEL,CHAR,5,2
*DIM,VALUE,,5,3
LABEL(1,1) = 'DEFLECTI','SIGMA, ','f1, ','f2, ','f3, '
LABEL(1,2) = 'ON, (mm)',' (MPa)',' (Hz)',' (Hz)',' (Hz)'
*VFILL,VALUE(1,1),DATA,-0.67674,-68.94,17.069,105.352,249.446
*VFILL,VALUE(1,2),DATA,DEF*1000,STRSS/1e6,FREQ1,FREQ2,FREQ3
*VFILL,VALUE(1,3),DATA,ABS(DEF*1000/0.67674),ABS(STRSS*1e-6/68.94),ABS(FREQ1/
17.069)
*VFILL,VALUE(4,3),DATA,ABS(FREQ2/105.352),ABS(FREQ3/249.446)

342
 ㄀ゴṕⱘᤃࡼߚᵤ

/COM
/OUT, EX8_3, out ! ᇚ䕧ߎ‫ݙ‬ᆍ䞡ᅮ৥ࠄ᭛ӊEX8_3.out
/COM,------------------- EX8.3 RESULTS COMPARISON ---------------
/COM,
/COM, | TARGET | ANSYS | RATIO
/COM,
*VWRITE,LABEL(1,1),LABEL(1,2),VALUE(1,1),VALUE(1,2),VALUE(1,3)
(1X,A8,A8,' ',F14.3,' ',F14.3,' ',1F5.3)
/COM,-----------------------------------------------------------
/COM,
/OUT ! 㒧ᴳ᭄᥂䞡ᅮ৥,݇䯁䕧ߎ᭛ӊ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
*LIST, EX8_3, out ! ߫㸼ᰒ⼎᭛ӊEX8_3.outⱘ‫ݙ‬ᆍ

4ˊ㒧ᵰᇍ↨੠䅼䆎

߽⫼Ϟ䴶⿟ᑣ䅵ㅫߎњফࠄ䕈৥य़࡯԰⫼ⱘㅔᬃṕⱘ䕈৥বᔶˈ䕈৥ᑨ࡯ˈҹঞ㞾⬅
ᤃࡼⱘࠡ3䰊乥⥛˄བ㸼8.4᠔⼎˅DŽ
㸼8.4 ㄝ៾䴶ഛ䋼ㅔᬃṕⱘ㞾⬅ᤃࡼ乥⥛
⧚ 䆎 㾷 ANSYS㾷 ↨ ؐ
*
䕈৥বᔶ˄mm˅ 0.677 0.677 1.000
䕈৥ᑨ࡯˄Mpa˅ 68.940 68.939 1.000
㄀1䰊乥⥛f1(Hz) 17.069 17.065 1.000
㄀2䰊乥⥛f2(Hz) 105.352 105.249 0.999
㄀3䰊乥⥛f3(Hz) 249.446 248.924 0.998
䕈৥࡯ㄝѢ䳊ᯊˈࠡϝ䰊㞾⬅ᤃࡼⱘ乥⥛(䆺㒚ᚙ‫މ‬㾕8.1)
㄀1䰊乥⥛f1(Hz) 28.771 28.773 1.000
㄀2䰊乥⥛f2(Hz) 115.086 115.800 1.006
㄀3䰊乥⥛f3(Hz) 258.943 273.465 1.056
* ࠡ䴶5㸠㒧ᵰᰃ䕈৥य़࡯T˙177932Nᯊⱘ㒧ᵰDŽ᳔ৢ3㸠ᰃ≵᳝䕈৥࡯ⱘ㒧ᵰDŽ
Ң㸼8.4ৃҹⳟߎˈ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬㒧ᵰ੠⧚䆎㒧ᵰⱘᏂᓖᕜᇣDŽ೼䕈৥य़࡯ⱘᕅડϟˈㅔᬃṕ
ⱘ㞾⬅ᤃࡼ乥⥛ᯢᰒ䰡ԢDŽ⧚䆎Ϟৃҹ䆕ᯢˈᔧ䕈৥य़࡯᥹䖥༅〇㥋䕑ᯊˈ㞾⬅ᤃࡼⱘ乥
⥛Ӯ䍟䖥Ѣ䳊DŽ䖭ḋⱘ䅵ㅫˈ䇏㗙ৃҹᇱ䆩⫼᳝䰤‫ܗ‬ᴹᅠ៤DŽ

8.4 ⫼໇ԧऩ‫ܗ‬䅵ㅫ 㞖ㄝᔎᑺṕⱘ㞾⬅ᤃࡼ
3
䭓ᑺl=406.4mmⱘㄝ८ᑺϝ㾦ᔶㄝᔎᑺ 㞖ṕˈᆚᑺµ=7781kg/m ρ = 7781kg / m3 ˈ៾䴶
८ᑺt=25.4mmˈ೎ ᅮ ッ ໘ ⱘ ञ ᆑ b=50.8mm˄ བ೒8.20᠔ ⼎˅ DŽᏆⶹᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣
E=207GPaˈ⊞ᵒ↨°=0ˈ䆩Փ⫼ᵓऩ‫ܗ‬੠໇ऩ‫ܗ‬SHELL63䅵ㅫ䆹ṕᔃ᳆㞾⬅ᤃࡼⱘ㄀1䰊
乥⥛DŽ

343
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

y
b =50.8mm
x

b=50.8mm
z

t =25.4mm
x

l =406.4mm

೒8.20  㞖ㄝᔎᑺṕⱘ㞾⬅ᤃࡼ῵ൟ

1ˊ⧚䆎㾷

ᣝ✻᭛⤂[10]㄀392义62ᓣˈᇍѢϔ㠀ⱘ䫹ᔶব៾䴶 㞖ṕⱘᔃ᳆ᤃࡼˈ݊乥⥛ৃҹձ
[10]:392
᥂ϟᓣ䅵ㅫ˖
p α i E
f = =
2π 2π l 2 ρ
݊Ёˈiᰃ೎ᅮッԡ㕂໘ⱘᛃᗻञᕘˈlᰃ 㞖ṕⱘ䭓ᑺˈα ᰃձ䌪Ѣᴚӊᔶ⢊੠ᤃൟⱘ
ᐌ᭄DŽ
བᵰ῾៾䴶੠ᡫᔃᛃᗻⶽ⒵䎇 A = ax m ˈ I = bx m ˈ˄݊ЁˈxᰃҢ㞾⬅ッㅫ䍋˅ˈ߭ᛃ
ᗻञᕘ i ⊓ⴔṕⱘ䭓ᑺֱᣕЎᐌ᭄ˈ᠔ҹ乥⥛ৃҹ⫼ϟᓣ䅵ㅫˈϨ‫݋‬᳝ᕜདⱘ㊒ᑺDŽ
α = 3.47(1 + 1.05m )
ᇍѢᴀ՟乬Ёⱘㄝ८ᑺㄝᔎᑺṕˈ A = 2 txb / l, I = t3 (2 xb / l )/12 ˈᛃᗻञᕘЎ˖
i = I / A = t2 /12 = t / 12
᠔ҹ᳝˖
3.47(1 + 1.05m ) t E t E
f = = 0.326823 2
2π l 2 12 ρ l ρ
ᇚl=406.4mmˈµ=kg/m3 ˈt=25.4mm੠E=207GPaҷܹϞᓣˈᕫࠄ
0.0254 207 × 109
f = 0.326823 = 259.243 Hz
0.40642 7781

2ˊANSYS∖㾷

䆹䯂乬佪‫ܜ‬Փ⫼ᵓऩ‫˄ܗ‬া㗗㰥ᔃ᳆ᬜᑨⱘSHELL63ऩ‫˅ܗ‬䖯㸠䅵ㅫˈ䱣ৢ‫⫼߽ݡ‬㗗
㰥㭘㝰ᬜᑨⱘ८໇ऩ‫˄ܗ‬㗗㰥ᔃ᳆੠㭘㝰ᬜᑨⱘSHELL63ऩ‫˅ܗ‬䖯㸠䅵ㅫDŽ
ᓎゟ῵ൟᯊৃҹ߽⫼ᇍ⿄ᗻˈ݇ѢᵓⱘЁᖗ㒓˄X䕈˅ᇍ⿄DŽᇚЁ䴶Ϟⱘ㡖⚍೼䴶໪
˄Zᮍ৥˅ᮍ৥ⱘ㞾⬅ᑺ԰ЎЏ㞾⬅ᑺ˄བ೒8.21᠔⼎˅DŽ↣Ͼᇍ⿄䴶೼X䕈ᮍ৥ߦߚЎ4Ͼ
ऩ‫ˈܗ‬Yᮍ৥ߦߚЎ1Ͼऩ‫؛ˈܗ‬䆒⊞ᵒ↨ㄝѢ0DŽ∖㾷䆹䯂乬ⱘЏ㽕ℹ偸DŽ
(1) Շ࿌ٝё༪ົc‫ד‬๥फ໸cӦ၍फ໸cಬШ೴ۤϫॸϵ೴d
⫼Ꮉ⿟᭛ӊੑৡੑҸĀ/FileName, EX8.4āᅮНᎹ⿟᭛ӊৡ⿄ЎEX8.4DŽ⫼ĀSMRT,OFFā
݇䯁ᱎ㛑࣪㔥Ḑࡳ㛑DŽ

344
 ㄀ゴṕⱘᤃࡼߚᵤ

y
l =406.4mm

b=50.8mm

೒8.21  㞖ㄝᔎᑺṕⱘ㞾⬅ᤃࡼᇍ⿄᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟ

⫼ ߚ ᵤ ㉏ ൟ ᅮ Н ੑ Ҹ Ā ANTYPE,MODAL ā ᣛ ᅮ ߚ ᵤ ㉏ ൟ Ў ῵ ᗕ ߚ ᵤ ˈ ᑊ ⫼
ĀMXPAND,1āᅮНাሩᓔ㄀1䰊῵ᗕˈ⫼῵ᗕߚᵤ䗝乍ᅮНੑҸĀMODOPT,REDUC,2,,,2ā
䆒㕂߽⫼䰡䰊ᮍ⊩ሩᓔࠡ2㾷乥⥛ˈ∖㾷ࠡ2䰊乥⥛ᑊᠧॄ᠔᳝ᤃൟDŽ
⫼ ऩ ‫ ㉏ ܗ‬ൟ ᅮ Н ੑ Ҹ Ā ET,1,SHELL63,2ā ᣛ ᅮ Փ ⫼ া 㗗 㰥 ᔃ ᳆ ᬜ ᑨ ⱘ ८ ໇ ऩ ‫ܗ‬
SHELL63DŽ⫼ᅲᐌ᭄ᅮНੑҸĀR,1,25.4E-3āᅮН໇ԧ८ᑺЎ25.4mmDŽ
⫼ᴤ᭭খ᭄ᅮНੑҸĀMP,EX,1,207E9āᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣ЎEX=207GPaˈ⫼
3
ĀMP,DENS,1,7781āᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᆚᑺDENS=7781kg/m ˈ⫼ĀMP,NUXY,1,0āᅮН⊞
ᵒ↨NUXY=0DŽ
(2) ඹ‫ߏڑڶ‬ԤՇ࿌ຬēඹ‫ߏڑڶ‬ԤՇ࿌ੋēճੋࠩ໻ੋӦ၍‫דܣ‬ԄӾပຫ၍੦໸d
⫼݇䬂⚍ᅮНੑҸĀK,1ā೼തᷛॳ⚍˄0,0,0˅ᅮН㄀1Ͼ݇䬂⚍ˈ⫼ĀK,2,406.4E-3ā
೼തᷛ(406.4mm,0)ᅮН㄀2Ͼ݇䬂⚍ˈ⫼ĀK,3,406.4E-3,50.8E-3ā೼തᷛ(406.4mm, 50.8mm)
ᅮН㄀3Ͼ݇䬂⚍DŽ
⫼㒓ᅮНੑҸĀL,2,3ā䖛2ˈ3㡖⚍ᅮНⳈ㒓DŽ⫼㒓ऩ‫ܗ‬ሎᇌ䆒㕂ੑҸĀLESIZE,1,,,1
ᣛᅮᅮНⱘ1ো㒓ˈऩ‫↉ߚߦܗ‬᭄Ў1DŽՓ⫼䴶ᅮНੑҸĀA,1,2,3,3Ā߽⫼݇䬂⚍1ˈ2ˈ3ˈ
3ᅮН1ো䴶DŽ⫼䴶ᇍ⿄⫳៤ੑҸĀARSYM,Y,1ā݇ѢYതᷛ⫼1ো䴶ˈᇍ⿄⫳៤2ো䴶DŽ⫼
ড়ᑊ㡖⚍ੑҸĀNUMMRG,KPāড়ᑊ䞡ড়ⱘ݇䬂⚍DŽ⫼ऩ‫ܗ‬ሎᇌᅮНੑҸĀESIZE,,4āᣛ
ᅮऩ‫↉ߚߦܗ‬᭄Ў4↉DŽ⫼䴶ऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬ੑҸĀAMESH,1,2āᇍ1ো䴶ࠄ2ো䴶䖯㸠䴶ऩ‫ˈߚߦܗ‬
ᕫࠄབ೒8.22᠔⼎ⱘऩ‫ܗ‬Ꮧ㕂DŽ
(3) ༪႔੶໔สᄢԅࠋԤēಠަΨ࠘ඨߑēωᄗՇ೛ѻ༪ົd
⫼㡖⚍䗝ᢽੑҸĀNSEL,S,LOC,Y,0ā䗝ᢽ೼Y=0ԡ㕂˄ᇍ⿄㒓ˈX䕈˅Ϟⱘ᠔᳝㡖⚍DŽ
⫼Џ㞾⬅ᑺᅮНੑҸĀM,ALL, UZāᇚ᠔᳝䗝ᢽ䲚Ёⱘ㡖⚍ⱘUZ㞾⬅ᑺ䆒ᅮЎЏ㞾⬅ᑺDŽ
‫⫼ݡ‬㡖⚍䗝ᢽੑҸĀNSEL,S, LOC,X, 406.4E-3ā䗝ᢽ᠔᳝೼X=406 mmԡ㕂˄೎ᅮッ໘˅Ϟ
ⱘ㡖⚍ˈᑊ⫼ԡ⿏㑺ᴳੑҸĀD,ALL,UZ,,,,, ROTX, ROTY, UX,UYāᇚ᠔᳝䗝ᢽ䲚Ёⱘ㡖⚍
ⱘUZˈROTX, ROTY, UX, UY㞾⬅ᑺ䆒ᅮЎ೎ᅮDŽ
⫼ 㡖 ⚍ 䗝 ᢽ ੑ ҸĀ NSEL,ALLā 䗝 ᢽ ᠔ ᳝ 㒧 ⚍ DŽ ⫼ 䅵 ㅫ 㒧 ᵰ 䕧 ߎ 䗝 乍 䆒 㕂 ੑ Ҹ
ĀOUTPR,ALL,1āᣛᅮ䕧ߎ䗝乍Ў㄀1䰊乥⥛ⱘ᠔᳝䅵ㅫ䕧ߎখ᭄ˈ⫼ĀOUTRES,ALL,0ā
ᣛᅮ᠔᳝䕧ߎখ᭄ϡ⫼ֱᄬࠄ᭄᥂ᑧDŽ㒣䖛ҹϞℹ偸ˈᕫࠄབ೒8.22᠔⼎ⱘ䅵ㅫ῵ൟDŽ

345
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

೒8.22 ⫼Ⳉ᥹ᓎ῵ᅮНⱘㄝᔎᑺ 㞖ṕ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟ

(4) ࠩదௐࠓ੦ࣖēࢗಳௐࠓωඔ௜଴৑‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ڴ‬d
⫼ĀSOLVEāੑҸᓔྟ῵ᗕߚᵤⱘ∖㾷ˈ⫼䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰᦤপੑҸĀ*GET,FREQ1, MODE,1,
FREQāᦤপ㄀1䰊乥⥛ˈᄬܹব䞣FREQ1DŽ
(5) ᄷ໭ࠩద஍҉स੦ࣖēՇ࿌ರဈӛࢴ඘໒࿫ԅࢴӦ၍d
⫼Ā/PREP7āࡴ䕑ࠡ໘⧚῵ഫˈ⫼ᱎ㛑㔥Ḑ䆒㕂ੑҸĀSMRT,OFFā݇䯁ᱎ㛑࣪㔥Ḑ
ࡳ㛑DŽ⫼ऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟᅮНੑҸĀET,1,SHELL63āᅮН㄀1㉏ൟऩ‫ܗ‬ЎՓ⫼ᔃ᳆ᬜᑨ੠㭘㝰ᬜ
ᑨⱘऩ‫ܗ‬SHELL63DŽ
(6) ဈࢴ඘Ӧ၍ᄷ໭‫ޙ‬സd
ࡴ䕑∖㾷῵ഫৢˈ⫼∖㾷ੑҸĀSOLVEāᓔྟ῵ᗕߚᵤⱘ∖㾷DŽ⫼䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰᦤপੑҸ
Ā*GET, FREQ2,MODE,1,FREQā㦋প㄀1䰊乥⥛ˈᄬܹব䞣 FREQ2DŽ䗮䖛GUI⬠䴶Ϟⱘ
ĀUtility Menu -> Parameters -> Scale Parameters …āᠧᓔব䞣ᅮНᰒ⼎にষˈৃⳟࠄࠡৢϸ
⃵䅵ㅫⱘ乥⥛㒧ᵰⱘؐ˄བ೒8.23᠔⼎˅DŽ

೒8.23 ⫼ϡৠऩ‫ܗ‬䅵ㅫⱘㄝᔎᑺ 㞖ṕⱘ㞾ᤃ乥⥛

346
 ㄀ゴṕⱘᤃࡼߚᵤ

(7) Շ࿌೴ᆦέ२ēߜ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ڴ‬೛ѻӾำ·ำߑd

3ˊANSYS⑤⿟ᑣ

FINISH
/CLEAR, NOSTART ! ⏙䰸᭄᥂,ϡࡴ䕑߱ྟ࣪᭛ӊ
! (1) ᅮНᎹ⿟䗝乍ǃߚᵤ㉏ൟǃऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟǃᅲᐌ᭄੠ᴤ᭭খ᭄
/FileName, EX8.4 ! ᅮНᎹ⿟᭛ӊৡ⿄
/PREP7 ! ࡴ䕑ࠡ໘⧚῵ഫ
SMRT,OFF ! ݇䯁ᱎ㛑࣪㔥Ḑࡳ㛑
/TITLE, EX8.4, VIBRATION OF A WEDGE
C*** VIBRATION PROBS. IN ENGR., TIMOSHENKO, 3RD. ED., PAGE 392, ART. 62
C*** USING SHELL63 ELEMENTS WITH BENDING STIFFNESS Option
ANTYPE,MODAL ! ᣛᅮߚᵤ㉏ൟЎ῵ᗕߚᵤ
MXPAND,1 ! াሩᓔ㄀1䰊῵ᗕ
MODOPT,REDUC,2,,,2 ! ⫼䰡䰊ᮍ⊩∖㾷ࠡ2䰊ᤃൟ
ET,1, SHELL63,2 ! Փ⫼া㗗㰥ᔃ᳆ᬜᑨⱘ८໇ऩ‫ܗ‬SHELL63
R,1, 25.4E-3 ! ᅮН໇ԧ८ᑺЎ25.4mm
MP,EX,1, 207E9 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EX˙207GPa
MP,DENS,1, 7781 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᆚᑺDENS˙7781kg/m^3
MP,NUXY,1,0 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨NUXY˙0
! (2) 䗮䖛݇䬂⚍ᅮН㒓,䗮䖛݇䬂⚍ᅮН䴶,ᇍ䴶䖯㸠䴶ऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬ᕫࠄ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟ
K,1 ! ೼തᷛॳ⚍˄0,0,0˅ᅮН㄀1Ͼ݇䬂⚍
K,2, 406.4E-3 ! ೼തᷛ(406.4mm,0)ᅮН㄀2Ͼ݇䬂⚍
K,3, 406.4E-3,50.8E-3 ! ೼തᷛ(406.4mm,50.8mm)ᅮН㄀3Ͼ݇䬂⚍
L,2,3 ! 䖛2,3݇䬂⚍ᅮНⳈ㒓
LESIZE,1,,,1 ! ᣛᅮᅮНⱘ1ো㒓,ऩ‫↉ߚߦܗ‬᭄Ў1
A,1,2,3,3 ! 䖛݇䬂⚍1,2,3,3ᅮН1ো䴶
ARSYM,Y,1 ! ݇ѢYതᷛ⫼1ো䴶,ᇍ⿄⫳៤2ো䴶
NUMMRG,KP ! ড়ᑊ䞡ড়ⱘ݇䬂⚍
ESIZE,,4 ! ᣛᅮऩ‫↉ߚߦܗ‬᭄Ў4↉
AMESH,1,2 ! ᇍᅮНདⱘ1ো䴶ࠄ2ো䴶䖯㸠䴶ऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬
! (3) 䗝ᢽᶤѯԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍,ᮑࡴ䖍⬠ᴵӊ,ᑊᣛᅮ䕧ߎ䗝乍
/PNUM, NODE, 1 ! ᠧᓔ㡖⚍ᰒ⼎
NSEL,S,LOC,Y,0 ! 䗝ᢽ᠔᳝೼Y=0ԡ㕂Ϟⱘ㡖⚍
M,ALL,UZ ! ᇚ᠔᳝䗝ᢽ䲚Ёⱘ㡖⚍ⱘUZ㞾⬅ᑺ䆒ᅮЎЏ㞾⬅ᑺ
NSEL,S,LOC,X, 406.4E-3 ! 䗝ᢽ᠔᳝೼X=406 mmԡ㕂Ϟⱘ㡖⚍
D,ALL,UZ,,,,,ROTX,ROTY,UX,UY ! ԡ⿏㑺ᴳ᠔᳝䗝ᢽ䲚Ё㡖⚍ⱘUZ,ROTX, ROTY, UX, UY㞾
⬅ᑺ
NSEL,ALL ! 䗝ᢽ᠔᳝㒧⚍
OUTPR,ALL,1 ! ᣛᅮ䕧ߎ䗝乍Ў㄀1䰊乥⥛ⱘ᠔᳝䅵ㅫ䕧ߎখ᭄
OUTRES,ALL,0 ! ᣛᅮ᠔᳝䕧ߎখ᭄ϡ⫼ֱᄬࠄ᭄᥂ᑧ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎࠡ໘⧚῵ഫPREP7
! (4) 䖯ܹ∖㾷῵ഫ,ᓔྟ∖㾷ᑊᦤপ乥⥛䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
/SOLU ! ࡴ䕑∖㾷῵ഫ

347
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

SOLVE ! ᓔྟ῵ᗕߚᵤⱘ∖㾷
*GET,FREQ1,MODE,1,FREQ ! 㦋প㄀1䰊乥⥛,ᄬܹব䞣FREQ1
FINISH ! 䗔ߎ∖㾷῵ഫSOLU
! (5) 䞡ᮄ䖯ܹࠡ໘⧚῵ഫ,ᅮНՓ⫼ᏺ໇ԧᬜᑨⱘ໇ऩ‫ܗ‬
/PREP7 ! ࡴ䕑ࠡ໘⧚῵ഫ
SMRT,OFF ! ݇䯁ᱎ㛑࣪ࡳ㛑
C*** USING SHELL63 ELEMENTS WITH SHELL OPTION
ET,1,SHELL63 ! Փ⫼ᔃ᳆ᬜᑨ੠㭘㝰ᬜᑨⱘऩ‫ܗ‬SHELL63
FINISH ! 䗔ߎࠡ໘⧚῵ഫPREP7
! (6) ⫼໇ԧऩ‫ܗ‬䞡ᮄ䅵ㅫ
/SOLU ! ࡴ䕑∖㾷῵ഫ
SOLVE ! ᓔྟ῵ᗕߚᵤⱘ∖㾷
*GET,FREQ2,MODE,1,FREQ ! 㦋প㄀1䰊乥⥛,ᄬܹব䞣FREQ2
! (7) ᅮН᭄㒘ব䞣,ᇚ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ䕧ߎࠄ᭛ᴀ᭛ӊ
*DIM,LABEL,CHAR,1,2 ! ᅮН1ˆ2ᄫヺൟ᭄㒘LABEL
*DIM,VALUE_1,,1,3 ! ᅮН1ˆ3᭄ؐൟ᭄㒘VALUE_1
*DIM,VALUE_2,,1,3 ! ᅮН1ˆ3᭄ؐൟ᭄㒘VALUE_2
LABEL(1,1) = ' f,' ! 㒭ᄫヺൟ᭄㒘LABELⱘ㄀1߫䌟ؐ
LABEL(1,2) = ' Hz '
*VFILL,VALUE_1(1,1),DATA,259.243 ! 㒭᭄ؐൟ᭄㒘VALUE_1ⱘ㄀1߫䌟⧚䆎ؐ
*VFILL,VALUE_1(1,2),DATA,FREQ1 ! 㒭᭄ؐൟ᭄㒘VALUE_1ⱘ㄀2߫䌟䅵ㅫؐ
*VFILL,VALUE_1(1,3),DATA,ABS(FREQ1/259.243 ) ! 㒭᭄㒘VALUE_1䌟↨ؐ
*VFILL,VALUE_2(1,1),DATA,259.243 ! 㒭᭄ؐൟ᭄㒘VALUE_2ⱘ㄀1߫䌟⧚䆎ؐ
*VFILL,VALUE_2(1,2),DATA,FREQ2 ! 㒭᭄ؐൟ᭄㒘VALUE_2ⱘ㄀2߫䌟䅵ㅫؐ
*VFILL,VALUE_2(1,3),DATA,ABS(FREQ2/259.243 ) ! 㒭᭄㒘VALUE_2䌟↨ؐ
/COM
/OUT, EX8_4, out ! ᇚ䕧ߎ‫ݙ‬ᆍ䞡ᅮ৥ࠄ᭛ӊEX8_4.out
/COM,------------------- EX8.4 RESULTS COMPARISON ---------------
/COM,
/COM, | TARGET | ANSYS | RATIO
/COM,
/COM,RESULTS USING PLATE ELEMENTS:
/COM,
*VWRITE,LABEL(1,1),LABEL(1,2),VALUE_1(1,1),VALUE_1(1,2),VALUE_1(1,3)
(1X,A8,A8,' ',F10.3,' ',F10.3,' ',1F5.3)
/COM,
/COM,RESULTS USING SHELL ELEMENTS:
/COM,
*VWRITE,LABEL(1,1),LABEL(1,2),VALUE_2(1,1),VALUE_2(1,2),VALUE_2(1,3)
(1X,A8,A8,' ',F10.3,' ',F10.3,' ',1F5.3)
/COM,----------------------------------------------------------
/OUT ! 㒧ᴳ᭄᥂䞡ᅮ৥,݇䯁䕧ߎ᭛ӊ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
*LIST, EX8_4, out ! ߫㸼ᰒ⼎᭛ӊEX8_4.outⱘ‫ݙ‬ᆍ

348
 ㄀ゴṕⱘᤃࡼߚᵤ

4ˊ㒧ᵰᇍ↨੠䅼䆎

߽⫼Ϟ䴶⿟ᑣ䅵ㅫᕫࠄབ㸼8.5᠔⼎ⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰDŽҢᤃࡼⱘ㄀1䰊乥⥛ⳟˈᵓऩ‫ⱘܗ‬㒧
ᵰ੠㗗㰥ᔃ᳆ᬜᑨⱘ໇ऩ‫ⱘܗ‬ᅠܼⳌৠDŽ䖭ᰃ಴Ў䖭Ͼ䯂乬Ёˈ 㞖ṕЏ㽕ᡓফᔃ᳆বᔶˈ
໇ऩ‫ܗ‬㗗㰥ⱘ㭘㝰ᑨ࡯䴲ᐌᇣⱘ㓬ᬙDŽ੠⧚䆎㒧ᵰⳌ↨ˈ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬䅵ㅫߎⱘ乥⥛㒧ᵰ‫أ‬催ˈ
䖭ᰃ⬅Ѣ⾏ᬷ࣪䖲㓁ԧ῵ൟৢˈऩ‫߮ܗ‬ᑺ㹿ࡴᔎⱘ㓬ᬙDŽབᵰࡴᆚऩ‫ˈܗ‬乥⥛Ӯᕜᖿ䍟䖥
⧚䆎ؐDŽབᵰ໮䅵ㅫ޴䰊乥⥛ˈӮথ⦄催䰊乥⥛ⱘ䇃ᏂӮ᳈໻ˈ䖭гᰃℷᐌⱘDŽ಴Ў乥⥛
䍞催ˈᤃൟ䍞໡ᴖˈ䍞䳔㽕ऩ‫ⱘܗ‬㔥Ḑ䍞ᇣˈ᠔ҹ೼䅵ㅫ催䰊乥⥛ᯊˈ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬㔥Ḑⱘ㽕∖
Ӯ᳈催DŽ䖭ḋᠡৃҹᕫߎ↨䕗ヺড়ᅲ䰙ⱘ㒧ᵰDŽ
㸼8.5 ⫼ᵓऩ‫ܗ‬੠໇ऩ‫ܗ‬䅵ㅫㄝᔎᑺ 㞖ṕⱘ㞾⬅ᤃࡼ㄀1䰊乥⥛
乥 ⥛ ⧚ 䆎 㾷 ANSYS㾷 ↨ ؐ
⫼ᵓऩ‫ܗ‬䅵ㅫⱘ㄀1䰊乥⥛f1(Hz) 259.243 261.195 1.008
⫼໇ऩ‫ܗ‬䅵ㅫⱘ㄀1䰊乥⥛f1(Hz) 259.243 261.195 1.008

8.5 ⶽᔶ៾䴶㭘ຕ 㞖ṕⱘ㞾⬅ᤃࡼ

催ᑺ l = 30 m ⱘᮍᔶ㭘ຕㄝ៾䴶ㄦˈϟッ೎ᅮˈϞッ㞾⬅ˈ៾䴶ሎᇌw=10mˈຕ८t=0.1m
˄བ೒8.24᠔⼎˅DŽᏆⶹᴤ᭭ᆚᑺµ=7860kg/m3ˈᔍᗻ῵䞣E=200GPaˈ⊞ᵒ↨°=0.27DŽ䆩
Փ⫼ϝ㓈㭘ຕ໇ऩ‫ܗ‬SHELL28䅵ㅫ䆹㒧ᵘ㞾⬅ᤃࡼⱘࠡѠ䰊乥⥛੠ᤃൟˈ䅵ㅫЁৃҹᗑ⬹
ᔃ᳆বᔶDŽ

1ˊANSYSߚᵤ

೼䅵ㅫЁˈ㽕⍜䰸ᔃ᳆ᬜᑨⱘᕅડˈᖙ乏ᇚ‫݋‬᳝ⳌৠZؐⱘ㡖⚍㗺ড়Ў‫݋‬᳝Ⳍৠⱘ㞾
⬅ᑺUX੠UYDŽ⬅Ѣ䖭ᰃϔϾᮍᔶ៾䴶ṕˈ೼Xᮍ৥੠Yᮍ৥‫݋‬᳝Ⳍৠⱘᤃࡼ乥⥛DŽ᠔ҹ㄀
1䰊੠㄀2䰊ⱘ乥⥛Ⳍৠˈ㄀3䰊੠㄀4䰊乥⥛ⳌৠˈㄝㄝDŽᤃൟᔶ⢊Ⳍৠˈাᰃ೼ϡৠⱘᮍ
৥ϞDŽ
೼Փ⫼໇ऩ‫ܗ‬῵ᢳ䖭Ͼ㭘ຕ㒧ᵘᯊˈՓ⫼㡖⚍੠ऩ‫᥹Ⳉⱘܗ‬ᓎ῵г↨䕗ᮍ֓ˈ᠔ҹ䖭
䞠佪‫⫼ܜ‬㡖⚍ᅮНੑҸNᅮНњ᳔ᑩሖⱘ4Ͼ㡖⚍˄བ೒8.25᠔⼎˅ˈ✊ৢ߽⫼㡖⚍㞾ࡼ⫳
៤ੑҸNGEN⫳៤њϞ䴶ⱘ8ሖ㡖⚍ˈ೒8.25᠔⼎ᰃ㡖⚍੠ऩ‫ܗ‬Ꮧ㕂೒DŽ
ऩ‫ܗ‬гᰃ佪‫⫼ܜ‬ऩ‫ܗ‬ᅮНੑҸEᅮНњ᳔ᑩሖⱘ4Ͼऩ‫⫼߽ৢ✊ˈܗ‬ऩ‫ܗ‬㞾ࡼ⫳៤ੑҸ
EGEN⫳៤њϞ䴶7ሖऩ‫ܗ‬DŽϟ䴶㒭ߎᓎ῵੠∖㾷ⱘЏ㽕ℹ偸DŽ
(1) Շ࿌ٝё༪ົēӦ၍फ໸ēϫॸϵ೴ۤಬШ೴d
⫼᭛ӊৡᅮНੑҸĀ/FileName, EX8.5āᅮНᎹ⿟᭛ӊৡ⿄ˈ⫼Ā/TITLEāᅮНᷛ乬DŽ
⫼ߚᵤ㉏ൟᅮНੑҸĀANTYPE,MODALāᣛᅮߚᵤ㉏ൟЎ῵ᗕߚᵤˈ⫼ऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟᅮ
НੑҸĀET,1,SHELL28āՓ⫼㗗㰥࠾ߛ੠ᡁ᳆ᬜᑨⱘ໇ऩ‫ܗ‬SHELL28DŽ
⫼ᅲᐌ᭄ᅮНੑҸĀR,1,0.1āᅮН໇ԧ८ᑺЎ0.1mDŽ⫼ᴤ᭭খ᭄ᅮНੑҸĀMP,EX,
1,200E9āᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EX=200GPaˈ⫼ĀMP,NUXY,1,0.27āᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭

349
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

3
ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨NUXY=0.27ˈ⫼ĀMP,DENS,1,7860āᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᆚᑺDENS=7860kg/m DŽ

w t

l=30mm

೒8.24 ⶽᔶ៾䴶㭘ຕṕⱘ㞾⬅ᤃࡼ῵ൟ ೒8.25 ⶽᔶ៾䴶㭘ຕṕⱘ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟ

(2) Շ࿌ࠋԤสᄢۤӦ၍ॕࠄd
⫼㡖⚍ᅮНੑҸĀN,1ā೼(0,0,0)ᅮН㒧⚍1ˈ⫼ĀN,2,10ā೼(10m,0,0)ᅮН㒧⚍2ˈ⫼
ĀN,3,10,10ā೼(10m,10m,0)ᅮН㒧⚍3ˈ⫼ĀN,4,0,10ā೼(0,10m,0)ᅮН㒧⚍4DŽ⫼㡖⚍⫳៤
ੑҸĀNGEN,9,4,1,4,1,,,3.75āᕾ⦃9⃵ˈ↣⃵㡖⚍ো๲䞣4ˈ⫼ࠡ䴶ᅮНⱘ1োࠄ4ো㡖⚍῵
ᓣˈ㡖⚍োⷕ๲䞣Ў1ˈZᮍ৥ⱘതᷛؐ๲䞣Ў3.75mˈ㞾ࡼ⫳៤݊ԭ㡖⚍DŽ
⫼ऩ‫ܗ‬ᅮНੑҸĀE,1,2,6,5ā䖛㡖⚍1,2,6,5ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ⫼ऩ‫⫳ܗ‬៤ੑҸĀEGEN,3,1,1ā
ᕾ⦃3⃵ˈᣝ✻ࠡ䴶ऩ‫ܗ‬῵ᓣˈ㡖⚍ো๲ࡴ1ˈ⫳៤3Ͼऩ‫ࣙ˄ܗ‬ᣀࠡ䴶ϔϾऩ‫˅ܗ‬DŽ⫼ऩ‫ܗ‬
ᅮНੑҸĀE,4,1,5,8ā䖛㡖⚍4,1,5,8ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ⫼ĀEGEN,8,4,4āᕾ⦃8⃵ˈ↣⃵㡖⚍ো
๲ࡴ4ˈᣝ✻ࠡ䴶ᅮНⱘ4Ͼऩ‫ܗ‬῵ᓣˈ⫳៤݊ԭऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ㒣䖛䖭ѯℹ偸ˈᕫࠄབ೒8.26᠔⼎
ⱘ䅵ㅫ῵ൟDŽ
(3) ಁᄢสྭၟ೯ۤᬲ‫ۦ‬ᆑဎէd
⫼ԡ⿏㑺ᴳᅮНੑҸ ĀD,ALL,UZā㑺ᴳ᠔᳝㡖⚍ⱘ⊓ⴔ Zᮍ ৥ ⱘ 㞾 ⬅ ᑺ UZˈ⫼
ĀD,1,UX,,, 4, 1,UYā䰤ࠊ1োࠄ4ো㡖⚍ⱘUX੠UY㞾⬅ᑺDŽ
⫼㡖⚍䗝ᢽੑҸĀNSEL,S,LOC,Z,3.75ā䗝ᢽ᠔᳝ԡѢZ=3.75mԡ㕂Ϟⱘ᠔᳝㡖⚍DŽ⫼
ᅮН㗺ড়㞾⬅ᑺੑҸĀCP,1,UX,ALLāᇚ䗝ᢽ䲚Ёⱘ㡖⚍೼Xᮍ৥ⱘ㞾⬅ᑺUX㗺ড়ЎϔϾ
㞾⬅ᑺˈᅮНЎ䲚ড়1˗⫼ĀCP,2,UY,ALLāᇚ䗝ᢽ䲚Ёⱘ㡖⚍೼Yᮍ৥ⱘ㞾⬅ᑺUY㗺ড়Ў
ϔϾ㞾⬅ᑺˈᅮНЎ䲚ড়2DŽ߽⫼ৠḋᮍ⊩ˈߚ߿䗝ᢽᷛ催Z=7.5mˈZ=11.25mˈZ=15mˈ
Z=18.75mˈZ=22.5mˈZ=26.25m੠Z=30mԡ㕂໘ⱘ㡖⚍ˈ⫼ĀCP āੑҸᅮНᅗӀ೼↣Ͼ
ᷛ催໘ⱘ㗺ড়㞾⬅ᑺ੠Ⳍᑨⱘ䲚ড়DŽ⏏ࡴ㗺ড়㞾⬅ᑺ੠ԡ⿏㑺ᴳৢⱘ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟབ೒8.27
᠔⼎DŽ
(4) ᄗՇௐࠓ༪ົēωௐࠓd
೼∖㾷῵ഫЁˈ⫼ሩᓔ῵ᗕϾ᭄ᅮНੑҸĀMXPAND,4āᣛᅮሩᓔࠡ䴶ϸ䰊䞡໡ⱘ῵
ᗕ˄᳝݅4Ͼ˅DŽ⫼ĀMODOPT,REDUCā䗝ᢽ⫼䰡䰊ᮍ⊩䅵ㅫ⡍ᕕؐˈ⫼ĀTOTAL,8ā䆒
㕂㞾ࡼЏ㞾⬅ᑺ⫳៤ࠄ8ˈথߎĀSOLVEāੑҸᓔྟ῵ᗕߚᵤⱘ∖㾷DŽ

350
 ㄀ゴṕⱘᤃࡼߚᵤ

೒8.26 ߽⫼㡖⚍੠ऩ‫᥹Ⳉܗ‬ᓎ῵ᕫࠄⱘ㭘ຕṕ῵ൟ ೒8.27 ᮑࡴԡ⿏㑺ᴳ੠㗺ড়㞾⬅ᑺৢⱘ䅵ㅫ῵ൟ

(5) ඔ௜଴৑‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ڴ‬d
⫼䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰᦤপੑҸ Ā*GET,F1,MODE,1,FREQā㦋প㄀1䰊乥⥛ˈᄬܹব䞣F1˗⫼
Ā*GET,F2,MODE,3,FREQā㦋প㄀3䰊乥⥛ˈᄬܹব䞣F2DŽ䗮䖛GUI⬠䴶ϞⱘĀUtility Menu
-> Parameters -> Scale Parameters …āᠧᓔব䞣ᅮНᰒ⼎にষˈৃⳟࠄབ೒8.28᠔⼎ⱘ䅵ㅫ
㒧ᵰDŽ

೒8.28 㭘ຕṕ῵ൟ㞾⬅ᤃࡼⱘࠡϸ䰊乥⥛䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ

(6) ၽྡྷ͎‫҉܊‬स੦ࣖᄯēມವ੦ൟ໹ᅱēॹζມವઝӉέ२ԅᄔd
⫼Ā/POST1ā䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫDŽ⫼㥋䕑ℹ䗝ᢽੑҸĀSET,1,1ā䇏ܹ㄀1Ͼ㥋䕑ℹ
ⱘ㄀1㥋䕑ᄤℹ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ(㄀1䰊῵ᗕ)DŽЎњ֓Ѣ㾖ᆳˈ⫼৥Ϟതᷛ䕈ᅮНੑҸĀ/VUP,,Zā
ᅮНZതᷛ䕈৥Ϟˈ⫼㾖ᆳᮍ৥ᅮНੑҸĀ/VIEW,,,1āᅮНҢ˄0,0,1˅ԡ㕂৥˄0,0,0˅ᮍ
৥㾖ᆳ῵ൟDŽՓ⫼೒ᔶᰒ⼎বᔶ೒ੑҸĀPLDISP,1ā೒ᔶᰒ⼎㄀1䰊῵ᗕ˄བ೒8.29᠔⼎˅DŽ
䖭䞠ⱘ䗝乍Ā1ā㸼⼎ᰒ⼎ॳ᳝㒧ᵘ῵ൟ೒DŽ
⫼ĀSET,1,3ā䇏ܹ㄀3Ͼ㥋䕑ᄤℹⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ(㄀3䰊῵ᗕ)ˈ⫼ĀPLDISP,1ā೒ᔶᰒ⼎
㄀3䰊῵ᗕ˄བ೒8.30᠔⼎˅DŽ

351
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

೒8.29 㭘ຕṕ῵ൟ㞾⬅ᤃࡼⱘ㄀1䰊ᤃൟ

೒8.30 㭘ຕṕ῵ൟ㞾⬅ᤃࡼⱘ㄀3䰊ᤃൟ

⫼߫ߎখ᭄ؐੑҸĀ*status,parmā߫㸼ᰒ⼎᠔᳝‫ݙ‬ᄬব䞣ⱘؐ˄བ೒8.31᠔⼎˅DŽ

೒8.31 ߽⫼*STATUSᶹⳟֱᄬ೼ব䞣Ёⱘ乥⥛ؐ

352
 ㄀ゴṕⱘᤃࡼߚᵤ

(7) Շ࿌೴ᆦέ२ēߜ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ڴ‬೛ѻӾำ·ำߑd

2ˊANSYS⑤⿟ᑣ

FINISH
/CLEAR, NOSTART ! ⏙䰸᭄᥂,ϡࡴ䕑߱ྟ࣪᭛ӊ
! (1) ᅮНᎹ⿟䗝乍ǃऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟǃᴤ᭭খ᭄੠ᅲᐌ᭄
/FileName, EX8.5 ! ᅮНᎹ⿟᭛ӊৡ⿄
/PREP7 ! ࡴ䕑ࠡ໘⧚῵ഫ
/TITLE, EX8.5, TRANSVERSE VIBRATIONS OF A SHEAR BEAM
/COM, REF: R. BLEVINS, FORMULAS FOR NATURAL FREQUENCY AND MODE SHAPE, 1979.
ANTYPE,MODAL ! ᣛᅮߚᵤ㉏ൟЎ῵ᗕߚᵤ
ET,1,SHELL28 ! Փ⫼㗗㰥࠾ߛ੠ᡁ᳆ᬜᑨⱘ໇ऩ‫ܗ‬SHELL28
R,1,0.1 ! ᅮН໇ԧ८ᑺЎ0.1m
MP,EX,1,200E9 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EX=200GPa
MP,NUXY,1,0.27 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨NUXY=0.27
MP,DENS,1,7860.0 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᆚᑺ7860kg/m^3
! (2) ᅮН㡖⚍ԡ㕂੠ऩ‫ܗ‬䖲᥹
/VIEW,1,1,1,1 ! ᬍবにষ1ⱘ㾚⚍Ўㄝ䕈⌟ԡ㕂
N,1 ! ೼(0,0,0)ᅮН㒧⚍1
N,2,10 ! ೼(10m,0,0)ᅮН㒧⚍2
N,3,10,10 ! ೼(10m,10m,0)ᅮН㒧⚍3
N,4, ,10 ! ೼(0,10m,0)ᅮН㒧⚍4
NGEN,9,4,1,4,1,,,3.75 ! ᕾ⦃9⃵,↣⃵㡖⚍ো๲䞣4,⫼ࠡ䴶ᅮНⱘ1োࠄ4ো㡖⚍῵ᓣ,๲䞣Ў
1,Zതᷛ๲䞣3.75m,㞾ࡼ⫳៤݊ԭ㡖⚍
E,1,2,6,5 ! 䖛㡖⚍1,2,6,5ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬
EGEN,3,1,-1 ! ᕾ⦃3⃵,ᣝ✻ࠡ䴶ऩ‫ܗ‬῵ᓣ,㡖⚍ো๲ࡴ1,⫳៤3Ͼऩ‫ࣙ˄ܗ‬ᣀࠡ䴶ϔϾऩ‫˅ܗ‬
E,4,1,5,8 ! 䖛㡖⚍4,1,5,8ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬
EGEN,8,4,-4 ! ᣝᕾ⦃8⃵,↣⃵㡖⚍ো๲ࡴ4,ᣝ✻ࠡ䴶ᅮНⱘ4Ͼऩ‫ܗ‬῵ᓣ,⫳៤݊ԭऩ‫ܗ‬
! (3) 䆒㕂ԡ⿏㑺ᴳ੠㗺ড়㞾⬅ᑺ
D,ALL,UZ ! 䰤ࠊ᠔᳝㡖⚍ⱘ⊓ⴔZᮍ৥ⱘ㞾⬅ᑺUZ
D,1,UX,,,4,1,UY ! 䰤ࠊ1োࠄ4ো㡖⚍ⱘ⊓ⴔX੠Yᮍ৥ⱘᑇ⿏㞾⬅ᑺUX੠UY
NSEL,S,LOC,Z,3.75 ! 䗝ᢽԡѢZ=3.75㉇ԡ㕂Ϟⱘ᠔᳝㡖⚍
CP,1,UX,ALL ! ᇚ䗝ᢽ䲚Ёⱘ㡖⚍೼Xᮍ৥ⱘ㞾⬅ᑺUX㗺ড়ЎϔϾ㞾⬅ᑺ,ᅮНЎ䲚ড়1
CP,2,UY,ALL ! ᇚ䗝ᢽ䲚Ёⱘ㡖⚍೼Yᮍ৥ⱘ㞾⬅ᑺUY㗺ড়ЎϔϾ㞾⬅ᑺ,ᅮНЎ䲚ড়2
NSEL,S,LOC,Z,7.5 ! 䗝ᢽԡѢZ=7.5㉇ԡ㕂Ϟⱘ᠔᳝㡖⚍
CP,3,UX,ALL ! ᇚ䗝ᢽ䲚Ёⱘ㡖⚍೼Xᮍ৥ⱘ㞾⬅ᑺUX㗺ড়ЎϔϾ㞾⬅ᑺ,ᅮНЎ䲚ড়3
CP,4,UY,ALL ! ᇚ䗝ᢽ䲚Ёⱘ㡖⚍೼Yᮍ৥ⱘ㞾⬅ᑺUY㗺ড়ЎϔϾ㞾⬅ᑺ,ᅮНЎ䲚ড়4
NSEL,S,LOC,Z,11.25 ! 䗝ᢽԡѢZ=11.25㉇ԡ㕂Ϟⱘ᠔᳝㡖⚍
CP,5,UX,ALL ! ᇚ䗝ᢽ䲚Ёⱘ㡖⚍೼Xᮍ৥ⱘ㞾⬅ᑺUX㗺ড়ЎϔϾ㞾⬅ᑺ,ᅮНЎ䲚ড়5
CP,6,UY,ALL ! ᇚ䗝ᢽ䲚Ёⱘ㡖⚍೼Yᮍ৥ⱘ㞾⬅ᑺUY㗺ড়ЎϔϾ㞾⬅ᑺ,ᅮНЎ䲚ড়6
NSEL,S,LOC,Z,15 ! 䗝ᢽԡѢZ=15㉇ԡ㕂Ϟⱘ᠔᳝㡖⚍
CP,7,UX,ALL ! ᇚ䗝ᢽ䲚Ёⱘ㡖⚍೼Xᮍ৥ⱘ㞾⬅ᑺUX㗺ড়ЎϔϾ㞾⬅ᑺ,ᅮНЎ䲚ড়7
CP,8,UY,ALL ! ᇚ䗝ᢽ䲚Ёⱘ㡖⚍೼Yᮍ৥ⱘ㞾⬅ᑺUY㗺ড়ЎϔϾ㞾⬅ᑺ,ᅮНЎ䲚ড়8

353
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

NSEL,S,LOC,Z,18.75 ! 䗝ᢽԡѢZ=18.75㉇ԡ㕂Ϟⱘ᠔᳝㡖⚍
CP,9,UX,ALL ! ᇚ䗝ᢽ䲚Ёⱘ㡖⚍೼Xᮍ৥ⱘ㞾⬅ᑺUX㗺ড়ЎϔϾ㞾⬅ᑺ,ᅮНЎ䲚ড়9
CP,10,UY,ALL ! ᇚ䗝ᢽ䲚Ёⱘ㡖⚍೼Yᮍ৥ⱘ㞾⬅ᑺUY㗺ড়ЎϔϾ㞾⬅ᑺ,ᅮНЎ䲚ড়10
NSEL,S,LOC,Z,22.5 ! 䗝ᢽԡѢZ=22.5㉇ԡ㕂Ϟⱘ᠔᳝㡖⚍
CP,11,UX,ALL ! ᇚ䗝ᢽ䲚Ёⱘ㡖⚍೼Xᮍ৥ⱘ㞾⬅ᑺUX㗺ড়ЎϔϾ㞾⬅ᑺ,ᅮНЎ䲚ড়11
CP,12,UY,ALL ! ᇚ䗝ᢽ䲚Ёⱘ㡖⚍೼Yᮍ৥ⱘ㞾⬅ᑺUY㗺ড়ЎϔϾ㞾⬅ᑺ,ᅮНЎ䲚ড়12
NSEL,S,LOC,Z,26.25 ! 䗝ᢽԡѢZ=26.25㉇ԡ㕂Ϟⱘ᠔᳝㡖⚍
CP,13,UX,ALL ! ᇚ䗝ᢽ䲚Ёⱘ㡖⚍೼Xᮍ৥ⱘ㞾⬅ᑺUX㗺ড়ЎϔϾ㞾⬅ᑺ,ᅮНЎ䲚ড়13
CP,14,UY,ALL ! ᇚ䗝ᢽ䲚Ёⱘ㡖⚍೼Yᮍ৥ⱘ㞾⬅ᑺUY㗺ড়ЎϔϾ㞾⬅ᑺ,ᅮНЎ䲚ড়14
NSEL,S,LOC,Z,30 ! 䗝ᢽԡѢZ=30㉇ԡ㕂Ϟⱘ᠔᳝㡖⚍
CP,15,UX,ALL ! ᇚ䗝ᢽ䲚Ёⱘ㡖⚍೼Xᮍ৥ⱘ㞾⬅ᑺUX㗺ড়ЎϔϾ㞾⬅ᑺ,ᅮНЎ䲚ড়15
CP,16,UY,ALL ! ᇚ䗝ᢽ䲚Ёⱘ㡖⚍೼Yᮍ৥ⱘ㞾⬅ᑺUY㗺ড়ЎϔϾ㞾⬅ᑺ,ᅮНЎ䲚ড়16
NSEL,ALL ! 䗝ᢽ᠔᳝㒧⚍
FINISH ! 䗔ߎࠡ໘⧚῵ഫPREP7
! (4) ᣛᅮ∖㾷䗝乍,ᑊ∖㾷
/SOLU ! ࡴ䕑∖㾷῵ഫ
MXPAND,4 ! ሩᓔࠡ䴶ϸ䰊䞡໡ⱘ4Ͼ῵ᗕ
MODOPT,REDUC ! ⫼䰡䰊ᮍ⊩䅵ㅫ⡍ᕕؐ
TOTAL,8 ! 䆒㕂㞾ࡼЏ㞾⬅ᑺ⫳៤ࠄ8
SOLVE ! ᓔྟ∖㾷
! (5) ᦤপ乥⥛䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
*GET,F1,MODE,1,FREQ ! 㦋প㄀1䰊乥⥛,ᄬܹব䞣F1
*GET,F2,MODE,3,FREQ ! 㦋প㄀3䰊乥⥛,ᄬܹব䞣F2
FINISH ! 䗔ߎ∖㾷῵ഫSOLU
! (6) ೼ϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫЁ,ᰒ⼎῵ᗕᔶ⢊,߫㸼ᰒ⼎‫ݙ‬ᄬব䞣ⱘؐ
/POST1 ! 䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
SET,1,1 ! 䇏ܹ㄀1Ͼ㥋䕑ℹⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ(㄀1䰊ᤃൟ)
/VUP,,Z ! 䆒㕂Zതᷛ䕈৥Ϟ
/VIEW,,,1 ! Ң˄0,0,1˅ԡ㕂৥˄0,0,0˅ᮍ৥㾖ᆳ῵ൟ
PLDISP,1 ! ೒ᔶᰒ⼎㄀1䰊῵ᗕ
SET,1,3 ! 䇏ܹ㄀3Ͼ㥋䕑ℹⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ(㄀3䰊ᤃൟ)
PLDISP,1 ! ೒ᔶᰒ⼎㄀2䰊῵ᗕ
*status,parm ! ߫㸼ᰒ⼎᠔᳝‫ݙ‬ᄬব䞣ⱘؐ
! (7) ᅮН᭄㒘ব䞣,ᇚ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ䕧ߎࠄ᭛ᴀ᭛ӊ
*DIM,VALUE,,2,3 ! ᅮН2ˆ3ⱘ᭄ؐൟ᭄㒘VALUE
*DIM,LABEL,CHAR,2,2 ! ᅮН2ˆ2ⱘᄫヺൟ᭄㒘LABEL
LABEL(1,1) = 'F1 ','F2 ' ! 㒭ᄫヺൟ᭄㒘LABELⱘ㄀1߫䌟ؐ
LABEL(1,2) = 'Hz ','Hz '
*VFILL,VALUE(1,1),DATA,17.375,52.176 ! 㒭᭄ؐൟ᭄㒘VALUE_1ⱘ㄀1߫䌟⧚䆎ؐ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,2),DATA,F1,F2 ! 㒭᭄ؐൟ᭄㒘VALUE_1ⱘ㄀2߫䌟䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,3),DATA,ABS(F1/17.375),ABS(F2/52.176) ! 㒭᭄ؐൟ᭄㒘VALUE_1ⱘ㄀3
߫䌟䅵ㅫؐϢ⧚䆎ؐⱘ↨ؐ
/COM
/OUT, EX8_5, out ! ᇚ䕧ߎ‫ݙ‬ᆍ䞡ᅮ৥ࠄ᭛ӊEX8_5.out

354
 ㄀ゴṕⱘᤃࡼߚᵤ

/COM,------------------- EX8.5 RESULTS COMPARISON -------------

/COM,
/COM, | TARGET | ANSYS | RATIO
/COM,
/COM,
*VWRITE,LABEL(1,1),LABEL(1,2),VALUE(1,1),VALUE(1,2),VALUE(1,3)
(1X,A8,A8,' ',F10.3,' ',F10.3,' ',1F8.3)
/COM,----------------------------------------------------------
/OUT ! 㒧ᴳ᭄᥂䞡ᅮ৥,݇䯁䕧ߎ᭛ӊ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
*LIST, EX8_5, out ! ߫㸼ᰒ⼎᭛ӊEX8_5.outⱘ‫ݙ‬ᆍ

3ˊ㒧ᵰᇍ↨੠䅼䆎

䗮䖛ᠻ㸠ҹϞ⿟ᑣˈᕫߎབ㸼8.6᠔⼎ⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰDŽϢ᭛⤂˷27˹㄀171-176义Ϟᦤկⱘ
⧚䆎㒧ᵰⳌ↨ˈ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬㒧ᵰ‫أ‬໻DŽ䖭ᰃℷᐌⱘˈ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬೼䅵ㅫ乥⥛ᯊˈϔ㠀ᘏᰃ‫أ‬໻ⱘDŽ

㸼8.6 ⶽᔶ៾䴶㭘ຕ 㞖ṕⱘ㞾⬅ᤃࡼⱘࠡ2䰊乥⥛
乥 ⥛ ⧚䆎㾷 Ansys㾷 ↨ ؐ
㄀1䰊乥⥛f1(Hz) 17.375 18.696 1.076
㄀3䰊乥⥛f3(Hz) 52.176 57.278 1.098

355
 ㄀1ゴ ㅔऩᢝय़ᴚ㒧ᵘ

せ』㛋Ხ঻Ⴭ҂ᡞߗ

9.1 ೚ᔶᓴ㋻㭘㝰ⱘ㞾⬅ᤃࡼ
ञᕘa=381mmˈ८ᑺt=0.254mmⱘ೚ᔶ㭘㝰਼䖍ㅔᬃˈᑊফ᳝⊓ⴔञᕘᮍ৥ⱘഛࣔߚ
2
Ꮧᢝ࡯T=17531N/mⱘ԰⫼DŽऩԡ䴶⿃ⱘ䞡䞣w=19.4284N/m ˈᔍᗻ῵䞣E=207GPaˈ䆩߽⫼
㗗㰥乘ᑨ࡯ᬜᑨⱘ䕈ᇍ⿄໇ऩ‫ܗ‬SHELL51⹂ᅮञᕘᮍ৥ⱘᑨ࡯੠㞾⬅ᤃࡼⱘࠡ3䰊乥⥛DŽ

1ˊ⧚䆎㾷

⬅Ѣ⊓ⴔञᕘᮍ৥ⱘഛࣔߚᏗᢝ࡯ᓩ䍋ञᕘᮍ৥ⱘᑨ࡯ˈ᠔ҹᕘ৥ᑨ࡯ؐЎ˖
T 17513
σr = = = 68.95MPa
t 0.254 × 10 −3
ᣝ✻᭛⤂[10]㄀439义ᮍ⿟182ˈᔧಯ䖍ㅔᬃⱘ೚ᔶ㭘㝰ᣝ䕈ᇍ⿄῵ᗕᤃࡼᯊˈৃҹՓ
⫼㑻᭄ᮍ⊩㦋ᕫ乥⥛੠ᤃൟⱘ䖥Ԑ㾷DŽ䆒䕈ᇍ⿄ⱘ῾৥ᤃࡼ㾷ৃ㸼⼎៤˖
πr 3π r
v0 = a1 cos + a2 cos + ...
2a 2a
݊Ёˈ a ᰃ㭘㝰ⱘञᕘˈ ai ᰃϢᯊ䯈᳝݇ⱘ᳾ⶹߑ᭄DŽ
ᭈϾ㭘㝰ⱘ᳔໻ᑨব㛑੠᳔໻ࡼ㛑ߚ߿Ў˖
2
S a ⎛ ∂ v0 ⎞ w 2 a 2
Vmax =
2 ∫
0 ⎜ ∂r ⎟ 2π rdr ˈ  Tmax = 2g p ∫0 v0 2 π rdr
⎝ ⎠
⬅Ѣᤃࡼ㋏㒳ⱘ㛑䞣ᅜᘦˈ᠔ҹᘏ㛑䞣݇Ѣᯊ䯈ⱘᇐ᭄ؐЎ䳊ˈे˖
d
(Tmax +Vmax ) =0
dt
ৃҹᕫࠄ㋏㒳ⱘᤃࡼᮍ⿟DŽৠḋˈḍ᥂বߚॳ⧚ˈᘏ㛑䞣݇Ѣ↣Ͼ㋏᭄ ai ⱘবߚгЎ
䳊ˌˈे˖
∂⎧⎪⎛ ∂v0 ⎞ 2 p 2w ⎫⎪
a
∫0 ⎨⎪⎜⎝ ∂r ⎟⎠ - g S v0 ⎬⎪2π rdr = 0
∂an⎩ ⎭
পࠡ䴶޴乍ህৃҹᕫࠄϔϾҷ᭄ᮍ⿟㒘ˈҸ䆹ᮍ⿟㒘ⱘ㋏᭄㸠߫ᓣЎ䳊ˈህৃҹᕫࠄ
乥⥛ᮍ⿟DŽḍ᥂᭛⤂˷10˹ˈ೚ᔶ㭘㝰㞾⬅ᤃࡼⱘ乥⥛䖥Ԑ݀ᓣЎ˖
α ns gT
pns =
a w
݊Ё n 㸼⼎䖛Ⳉᕘⱘ㡖㒓᭄ˈ s 㸼⼎㡖೚᭄DŽᤃࡼᔶ⢊ৃҹᰃ⦃ᔶᇍ⿄ᤃൟˈ៪㗙䖛
Ⳉᕘⱘ㡖㒓ডᇍ⿄ᤃൟˈ䛑ৃҹ⬅ n, s ᴹ⹂ᅮDŽ᳔Ԣⱘࠡ3䰊乥⥛ᇍᑨѢ˄0ˈ1˅ˈ˄1ˈ1˅
੠˄2ˈ1˅ˈᅗӀⱘ乥⥛㋏᭄ α ns ߚ߿ᰃ˖2.404ˈ3.832੠5.135DŽᇚ᭄ؐҷܹࠄϞ䴶ⱘ乥⥛
݀ᓣˈᕫࠄ˖
1 2.404 9.8 × 17513
f01 = × = 94.3854 Hz
2 × 3.14159 0.381 19.4284

356
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

1 3.832 9.8 × 17513

f11 = × = 150.45 Hz
2 × 3.14159 0.381 19.4284
1 5.135 9.8 × 17513
f21 =
× = 201.61 Hz
2 × 3.14159 0.381 19.4284
݊Ёⱘ᳔Ԣⱘ乥⥛ f01 ᇍᑨⱘᤃൟ≵᳝㡖೚ˈ f11 ᳝ϔᴵ㡖㒓ˈ f 21 ᳝ϸᴵ㡖㒓DŽԚᰃᇍ
ᑨѢ䕈ᇍ⿄ⱘᤃࡼⱘࠡ3䰊乥⥛㋏᭄䰸њ α 01 ໪ˈ䖬᳝ α 02 = 5.52 ੠ α 03 = 8.654 ˈᅗӀᇍᑨⱘ乥
⥛ߚ߿Ў˖
1 5.52 9.8 × 17513
f02 = × = 216.73 Hz
2 × 3.14159 0.381 19.4284
1 8.654 9.8 × 17513
f03 = × = 339.77 Hz
2 × 3.14159 0.381 19.4284

2ˊANSYS∖㾷

䕈ᇍ⿄ߚᵤЁⱘᕘ৥ᢝ࡯ᰃҹᘏⱘᕘ৥ᢝ࡯԰Ў㥋䕑䕧ܹⱘˈ᠔ҹ㒓䳔㽕䅵ㅫߎᭈϾ
೚਼Ϟⱘᘏᢝ࡯ؐ˖
F = 2πaT = 2 × 3. 14159 × 0. 381 × 17513 = 41924 N
⬅ऩ‫ܗ‬䴶⿃ⱘ䞡䞣ৃҹ᥼ㅫߎऩԡԧ⿃ⱘᆚᑺЎ˖
w 19.4284 3
ρ= = −3
= 7805 kg/m
t 0.254 ×10 × 9 .8
ᇍѢ䕈ᇍ⿄㒧ᵘⱘߚᵤˈৃҹՓ⫼ϔϾࠪ䴶ᴹᅮНᭈϾ῵ൟⱘֵᙃDŽ䖭䞠ⱘ䕈ᇍ⿄ߚ
ᵤ䞛⫼䕈ᇍ⿄໇ऩ‫ˈܗ‬᠔ҹ䕈ᇍ⿄῵ൟাᰃϔᴵ㒓DŽҢЁᖗㅫ䍋ˈ೼ञᕘᮍ৥ϞᏗ㕂10Ͼ
㡖⚍˄བ೒9.2᠔⼎˅DŽ
y
y

T x T
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
x
a 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

a=381mm
t=0.254mm
z

೒9.1 ᓴ㋻೚ᔶ㭘㝰ᤃࡼ῵ൟ⼎ᛣ೒ ೒9.2 ᓴ㋻೚ᔶ㭘㝰ᤃࡼⱘ䕈ᇍ⿄῵ൟ

㭘㝰೼῾৥ᤃࡼᯊᘶ໡࡯ᴹ㞾㭘㝰ᑨ࡯ˈ᠔ҹ䖭Ͼ῵ᗕߚᵤ䯂乬佪‫ܜ‬䳔㽕ᅮН乘ᑨ࡯
䗝乍ˈᑊϨᇚ᠔᳝㡖⚍ⱘ῾৥䖤ࡼ԰ЎЏ㞾⬅ᑺDŽϟ䴶㒭ߎᅠ៤ߚᵤⱘЏ㽕ℹ偸DŽ
(1) Շ࿌ٝё༪ົc‫ד‬๥फ໸cӦ၍फ໸cϫॸϵ೴ۤಬШ೴d
⫼Ꮉ⿟᭛ӊੑৡੑҸĀ/FileName, EX9.1āᅮНᎹ⿟᭛ӊৡ⿄ЎEX9.1DŽ䆹᭛ӊৡᇚ⫼
԰᠔᳝Ё䯈᭄᥂᭛ӊⱘੑৡDŽ⫼Ā/PREP7āࡴ䕑ࠡ໘⧚῵ഫ/PREP7ˈ೼ᠻ㸠䆹ੑҸৢˈ᠔
᳝ࠡ໘⧚ੑҸᠡৃҹ㹿䆚߿੠ᠻ㸠DŽ⫼ᷛ乬ᅮНੑҸĀ/TITLEāᅮНᷛ乬ˈ䆹ᷛ乬ֵᙃᇚ
ߎ⦄೼೒ᔶにষᑩ䚼ԡ㕂DŽ
ੑҸĀC***āᠧ༈ⱘ‫ݙ‬ᆍЎ⊼䞞㸠ˈੑҸৢⱘ⊼䞞߭ᖙ乏⫼㽓᭛ᛳ্োĀ!āDŽ

357
 ㄀ゴ㝰ᵓ੠ᅲԧᤃࡼ

⫼ߚᵤ㉏ൟᅮНੑҸĀANTYPE,STATICāᅮНߚᵤ㉏ൟЎ䴭࡯ߚᵤDŽᇍ৿᳝乘ᑨ࡯
ᕅડⱘᤃࡼߚᵤˈᖙ乏䗮䖛ੑҸĀPSTRES,ONāᠧᓔ乘ᑨ࡯䗝乍DŽ
⫼ऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟᅮНੑҸĀET,1,SHELL51āᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬Ў䕈ᇍ⿄໇ऩ‫ܗ‬SHELL51DŽ⫼
ᴤ ᭭ খ ᭄ ᅮНੑҸ Ā MP,EX,1,207E9 ā ᅮ Н ㄀1 ㉏ ᴤ ᭭ ⱘ ᔍ ᗻ ῵ 䞣 Ў EX=207GPa ˈ ⫼
ĀMP,PRXY, 1,0.3āᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨ЎPRXY=0.3ˈ⫼ĀMP,DENS,1,7805āᅮН㄀1
3
㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᆚᑺDENS=7805 kg/m DŽ⫼ᅲᐌ᭄ᅮНੑҸĀR,1,0.254e3āᅮН㄀1㉏ᅲᐌ᭄˖
໇ԧ८ᑺЎ0.254mmDŽ
(2) ඹ‫ࠋڶ‬ԤՇ࿌ߙो੦໸d
⫼㡖⚍ᅮНੑҸĀN,1ā೼തᷛॳ⚍˄0,0,0˅ᅮН㄀1ো㒧⚍ˈ⫼ĀN,10,15ā೼തᷛ˄0,15,0˅
ᅮН㄀10ো㒧⚍DŽ⫼฿‫⫳ܙ‬៤㡖⚍ⱘੑҸĀFILLā೼1ো㡖⚍੠15ো㡖⚍Ё䯈฿‫⫳ܙ‬៤݊ԭ
13Ͼ㡖⚍DŽ
⫼ऩ‫ܗ‬ᅮНੑҸĀE,1,2ā䖛㡖⚍1੠㡖⚍2ᅮН㄀1Ͼ䕈ᇍ⿄໇ऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ⫼ऩ‫⫳ܗ‬៤ੑҸ
ĀEGEN,9,1,1ā⫼ࠡ䴶ᅮНⱘ1োऩ‫ˈܗ‬ᕾ⦃9⃵ˈ↣⃵ऩ‫ⱘܗ‬㡖⚍ো๲ࡴ1ˈ⫳៤݊ԭ8Ͼऩ
‫ܗ‬DŽབ೒9.3᠔⼎ᰃ䖭ѯੑҸ⫳៤ⱘ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟDŽ

೒9.3 ⫼㡖⚍੠ऩ‫᥹Ⳉܗ‬ᓎ῵⫳៤ⱘ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟ

(3) ಠަสྭၟ೯ۤ۠ၻd
⫼ԡ⿏㑺ᴳᅮНੑҸĀD,1,UX,,,,,ROTZā㑺ᴳ1ো㡖⚍ⱘ⊓ⴔXᮍ৥ⱘ㒓ԡ⿏UX੠㒩Z
䕈ⱘ㾦ԡ⿏ROTZDŽ⫼ĀD,10,UY,,,,,UZā㑺ᴳ10ো㡖⚍ⱘ⊓ⴔYᮍ৥ⱘ㒓ԡ⿏UY੠⊓ⴔZ
䕈ⱘ㒓ԡ⿏UZDŽ
⫼㥋䕑࡯ᅮНੑҸĀF,10,FX,41924ā೼㡖⚍10ⱘXᮍ৥ᮑࡴ໻ᇣЎ41924Nⱘ䲚Ё࡯DŽ
㒣䖛䖭ѯੑҸᠻ㸠ৢˈᕫࠄབ೒9.4᠔⼎ⱘ䅵ㅫ῵ൟDŽ
(4) ࠩదௐࠓ੦ࣖēᄗՇௐࠓ೛ѻ༪ົ‫܊‬ௐࠓd
⫼Ā/SOLUāࡴ䕑∖㾷῵ഫDŽ⫼䕧ߎ䗝乍ĀOUTPR,BASIC,1āᣛᅮা䕧ߎ㄀1䰊῵ᗕⱘ
෎ᴀ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰDŽ⫼ᠻ㸠∖㾷ੑҸĀSOLVEāᓔྟ῵ᗕߚᵤⱘ∖㾷DŽ

358
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

೒9.4 ᮑࡴԡ⿏㑺ᴳ੠㥋䕑ৢⱘ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟ

(5) ၽྡྷ͎‫҉܊‬स੦ࣖᄯēՇ࿌Ӧ၍ζēඔ௜Ӧ၍ԅ࿫ॏᄔd
⫼Ā/POST1ā䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫDŽ⫼ऩ‫ܗ‬㸼ᅮНੑҸĀETABLE,STRS,LS,1āҹ໇
ᑨ࡯Ё᳔໻ᢝᑨ࡯ĀLS,1āЎ‫ݙ‬ᆍˈᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬㸼STRSDŽ⫼ᦤপ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰੑҸĀ*GET, STRSS,
ELEM, 9,ETAB,STRSāҢऩ‫ܗ‬㸼STRSЁᦤপऩ‫ܗ‬9ⱘ᳔໻ᢝᑨ࡯ˈᄬܹব䞣STRSSDŽ
(6) ᄷ໭ࠩదௐࠓ੦ࣖēࢗಳ੦ൟ‫ד‬๥d
⫼ߚᵤ㉏ൟᅮНੑҸĀANTYPE,MODALāᣛᅮߚᵤ㉏ൟᰃ῵ᗕߚᵤDŽ⫼ĀPSTRES, ONā
ᣛᅮࣙ৿乘ᑨ࡯ᬜᑨDŽ⫼ĀMXPAND,3āሩᓔࠡ3䰊῵ᗕˈ⫼ĀMODOPT,REDUC,,,,9āᣛ
ᅮ߽⫼䰡䰊ᮍ⊩∖㾷乥⥛ˈᑊᰒ⼎ࠡ9䰊῵ᗕDŽ
⫼Џ㞾⬅ᑺᅮНੑҸĀM,1,UY,9āᅮН㡖⚍1ࠄ㡖⚍9ⱘUYᮍ৥ЎЏ㞾⬅ᑺᮍ৥DŽ⫼
ĀSOLVEāᓔྟ䖯㸠῵ᗕߚᵤⱘ∖㾷DŽ
(7) ඔ௜଴৑‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ڴ‬d
⫼䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰᦤপੑҸĀ*GET,FREQ1,MODE,1,FREQāᦤপ㄀1䰊乥⥛䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰˈᄬܹ
ব䞣FREQ1DŽ䞛⫼㉏Ԑᮍ⊩ᇚ㄀2䰊੠㄀3䰊乥⥛ߚ߿ֱᄬࠄব䞣FREQ2੠FREQ3DŽ⫼߫
ߎ‫ݙ‬ᄬব䞣ⱘੑҸĀ*Status, parametersāৃҹⳟࠄབ೒9.5᠔⼎ⱘ䴭࡯ߚᵤ㒧ᵰ੠乥⥛䅵ㅫ
㒧ᵰDŽ

೒9.5 ⫼*StatusੑҸᶹⳟֱᄬࠄব䞣Ёⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ

359
 ㄀ゴ㝰ᵓ੠ᅲԧᤃࡼ

(8) Շ࿌೴ᆦέ२ēߜ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ރڴ‬ୣူसৢࠓԅΑᄔ೛ѻӾำ·ำߑd

3ˊANSYS⿟ᑣ

FINISH
/CLEAR, NOSTART ! ⏙䰸᭄᥂ˈϡࡴ䕑߱ྟ࣪᭛ӊ
! (1) ᅮНᎹ⿟䗝乍ǃߚᵤ㉏ൟǃऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟǃᴤ᭭খ᭄੠ᅲᐌ᭄
/FileName, EX9.1 ! ᅮНᎹ⿟᭛ӊৡ⿄ЎEX9.1
/PREP7 ! ࡴ䕑ࠡ໘⧚῵ഫ/PREP7
/TITLE, EX9.1, VIBRATION OF A STRETCHED CIRCULAR MEMBRANE
C*** VIBRATION PROBS. IN ENGR., TIMOSHENKO, 3RD. ED., PAGE 439, EQN. 182
ANTYPE,STATIC ! ᅮНߚᵤ㉏ൟЎ䴭࡯ߚᵤ
PSTRES,ON ! ᠧᓔ乘ᑨ࡯䗝乍˄䆹䗝乍ᇍѢ᳝乘ᑨ࡯ⱘ㒧ᵘᤃࡼ䴲ᐌ䞡㽕˅
ET,1,SHELL51 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬Ў䕈ᇍ⿄໇ऩ‫ܗ‬SHELL51
MP,EX,1,207E9 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EX=207GPa
MP,PRXY,1,0.3 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨PRXY˙0.3
MP,DENS,1,7805 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᆚᑺDENS˙7805kg/m^3
R,1, 0.254e-3 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᅲᐌ᭄ᅮН໇ԧ८ᑺ0.254mm
! (2) 䗮䖛㡖⚍ᅮНᓎゟ῵ൟ
N,1 ! ೼തᷛॳ⚍˄0,0,0˅ᅮН㄀1ো㒧⚍
N,10,0.381 ! ೼തᷛ˄0,0.381mm,0˅ᅮН㄀10ো㒧⚍
FILL ! ೼1ো㡖⚍੠10ো㡖⚍Ё䯈฿‫⫳ܙ‬៤݊ԭ8Ͼ㡖⚍
E,1,2 ! 䖛㡖⚍1੠㡖⚍2ᅮН䕈ᇍ⿄໇ऩ‫ܗ‬
EGEN,9,1,1 ! ⫼ࠡ䴶ᅮНⱘऩ‫ܗ‬,ᕾ⦃9⃵,↣⃵ऩ‫ⱘܗ‬㡖⚍ো๲ࡴ1,⫳៤݊ԭ8Ͼऩ‫ܗ‬
! (3) ᮑࡴԡ⿏㑺ᴳ੠㥋䕑
D,1,UX,,,,,ROTZ ! 㑺ᴳ1ো㡖⚍ⱘ⊓ⴔXᮍ৥ⱘ㒓ԡ⿏UX੠㒩Z䕈ⱘ㾦ԡ⿏ROTZ
D,10,UY,,,,,UZ ! 㑺ᴳ10ো㡖⚍ⱘ⊓ⴔYᮍ৥ⱘ㒓ԡ⿏UY੠⊓ⴔZ䕈ⱘ㒓ԡ⿏UZ
F,10,FX,41924 ! ೼㡖⚍10ⱘXᮍ৥ᮑࡴ䲚Ё࡯,໻ᇣЎ41924N
FINISH ! 䗔ߎࠡ໘⧚῵ഫPREP7
! (4) 䖯ܹ∖㾷῵ഫ,ᣛᅮ∖㾷䕧ߎ䗝乍ৢ∖㾷
/SOLU ! ࡴ䕑∖㾷῵ഫ
OUTPR,BASIC,1 ! ᣛᅮা䕧ߎ㄀1䰊῵ᗕⱘ෎ᴀ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
SOLVE ! ᓔྟ∖㾷
FINISH ! 䗔ߎ∖㾷῵ഫSOLU
! (5) ೼ϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫЁ,ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬㸼,ᦤপऩ‫ⱘܗ‬ᑨ࡯ؐ
/POST1 ! 䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
ETABLE,STRS,LS,1 ! ҹ໇ᑨ࡯᳔໻ᢝᑨ࡯”LS,1”Ў‫ݙ‬ᆍ,ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬㸼STRS
*GET,STRSS,ELEM,9,ETAB,STRS ! Ңऩ‫ܗ‬㸼STRSЁᦤপऩ‫ܗ‬9ⱘ᳔໻ᢝᑨ࡯,ᄬܹব䞣STRSS
FINISH ! 䗔ߎϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
! (6) 䞡ᮄ䖯ܹ∖㾷῵ഫ,ᓔྟ῵ᗕߚᵤ
/SOLU ! ࡴ䕑∖㾷῵ഫ
ANTYPE,MODAL ! ᣛᅮߚᵤ㉏ൟᰃ῵ᗕߚᵤ
PSTRES,ON ! ᣛᅮࣙ৿乘ᑨ࡯ᬜᑨ
MXPAND,3 ! ሩᓔࠡ3䰊῵ᗕ

360
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

MODOPT,REDUC,,,,9 ! ⫼䰡䰊ᮍ⊩∖㾷ࠡ9䰊῵ᗕ
M,1,UY,9 ! ᅮН㡖1ࠄ㡖⚍9ⱘUYᮍ৥ЎЏ㞾⬅ᑺᮍ৥
SOLVE ! ᓔྟ䖯㸠῵ᗕߚᵤⱘ∖㾷
! (7) ᦤপ乥⥛䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
*GET,FREQ1,MODE,1,FREQ ! ᦤপ㄀1䰊乥⥛䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ,ᄬܹব䞣FREQ1
*GET,FREQ2,MODE,2,FREQ ! ᦤপ㄀2䰊乥⥛䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ,ᄬܹব䞣FREQ2
*GET,FREQ3,MODE,3,FREQ ! ᦤপ㄀3䰊乥⥛䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ,ᄬܹব䞣FREQ3
! (8) ᅮН᭄㒘ব䞣,ᇚ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰঞ݊Ϣ⧚䆎㾷ⱘ↨ؐ䕧ߎࠄ᭛ᴀ᭛ӊ
*DIM,LABEL,CHAR,4,2 ! ᅮН4ˆ2ᄫヺൟ᭄㒘LABEL
*DIM,VALUE,,4,3 ! ᅮН4ˆ3᭄ؐൟ᭄㒘VALUE
LABEL(1,1) = 'SIG,R ','f1, ','f2, ','f3, ' ! 㒭LABELⱘ㄀1߫䌟ؐ
LABEL(1,2) = 'MPa ','Hz ','Hz ','Hz ' ! 㒭LABELⱘ㄀2߫䌟ؐ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,1),DATA,68.95,94.3854,216.73,339.77 ! 㒭VALUEⱘ㄀1߫䌟⧚䆎ؐ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,2),DATA,STRSS/1e6,FREQ1,FREQ2,FREQ3 ! 㒭VALUEⱘ㄀2߫䌟᳝䰤‫ܗ‬䅵
ㅫؐ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,3),DATA,(STRSS/1e6/68.95),(FREQ1/94.3854),(FREQ2/216.73),(FREQ
3/339.77) ! 㒭VALUEⱘ㄀3߫䌟䅵ㅫؐϢ⧚䆎ؐⱘ↨ؐ
/COM
/OUT, EX9_1, out ! ᇚ䕧ߎ‫ݙ‬ᆍ䞡ᅮ৥ࠄ᭛ӊEX9_1.out
/COM,------------------- EX9.1 RESULTS COMPARISON ---------------
/COM,
/COM, | TARGET | ANSYS | RATIO
/COM,
*VWRITE,LABEL(1,1),LABEL(1,2),VALUE(1,1),VALUE(1,2),VALUE(1,3)
(1X,A8,A8,' ',F10.3,' ',F10.3,' ',1F5.3)
/COM,-----------------------------------------------------------
/OUT ! 㒧ᴳ᭄᥂䞡ᅮ৥,݇䯁䕧ߎ᭛ӊ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
*LIST, EX9_1, out ! ߫㸼ᰒ⼎᭛ӊEX9_1.outⱘ‫ݙ‬ᆍ

4ˊ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰঞ䅼䆎

䗮䖛Ϟ䴶⿟ᑣ䅵ㅫߎњབ㸼9.1᠔⼎ⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰDŽҢ㸼Ёⱘ䴭࡯ߚᵤ㒧ᵰⳟˈ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬㒧
ᵰⱘ‫⹂ޚ‬ᑺᕜདDŽ῵ᗕߚᵤⱘ㒧ᵰˈ㄀1䰊乥⥛‫⹂ޚ‬ᑺ䖬ৃҹˈ䱣ⴔ乥⥛䰊⃵छ催ˈ䇃Ꮒ䗤
ℹ๲໻DŽ䖭ᰃ಴Ў䱣ⴔᤃࡼ῵ᗕ䍞ᴹ䍞໡ᴖˈᇍऩ‫ܗ‬㔥Ḑ᭄ⱘ㽕∖г䍞催DŽ᠔ҹ೼催䰊῵
ᗕߚᵤˈऩ‫ⱘܗ‬㔥Ḑᑨ䆹᳈ᆚϔѯDŽ
㸼9.1 ᓴ㋻೚ᔶ㭘㝰䕈ᇍ⿄ᤃࡼ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬㒧ᵰ੠⧚䆎ؐⱘᇍ↨
䴭 ࡯ ߚ ᵤ ⧚ 䆎 ؐ ANSYSؐ ↨ ؐ
Stressr , MPa 68.950 68.948 1.000
῵ᗕߚᵤ ⧚䆎ؐ ANSYSؐ ↨ؐ
㄀1䰊乥⥛f1 , Hz 94.385 94.344 1.000
㄀2䰊乥⥛f2 , Hz 216.730 217.058 1.002
㄀3䰊乥⥛f3 , Hz 339.770 342.385 1.008

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 ㄀ゴ㝰ᵓ੠ᅲԧᤃࡼ

9.2 㭘㝰Ѡ㓈䴲䕈ᇍ⿄㞾⬅ᤃࡼߚᵤ
-3
བ೒9.6᠔⼎ˈञᕘa=76.2mmˈ८ᑺt=1.27× 10 mmⱘ೚ᔶ㭘㝰਼䖍ㅔᬃˈᑊফ᳝⊓ⴔ
3
ञᕘᮍ৥ⱘഛࣔߚᏗᢝ࡯T=17.513N/m԰⫼DŽᆚᑺµ=7801.6kg/m ˈᔍᗻ῵䞣E=207GPaˈ
-6
⊞ᵒ↨°=0.3ˈ⛁㝼㚔㋏᭄¥=5.5556× 10 /eCˈ⏽ᑺछ催T=12eCDŽ䆩߽⫼䕈ᇍ⿄ण䇗໇
ऩ‫ܗ‬SHELL61⹂ᅮ㞾⬅ᤃࡼাࣙ৿ϔϾ㡖೚˄ࣙᣀ䖍⬠Ϟ˅ⱘᤃࡼⱘࠡ3䰊乥⥛f i1 (i=0,1,2)ˈ
ҹঞϟϔϾ᳔催ⱘ䕈ᇍ⿄乥⥛f 02 DŽ

mm

೒9.6 ᓴ㋻೚ᔶ㭘㝰ᤃࡼ῵ൟ⼎ᛣ೒ ೒9.7 ᓴ㋻೚ᔶ㭘㝰ᤃࡼⱘ䕈ᇍ⿄῵ൟ

1ˊ⧚䆎㾷

ḍ᥂᭛⤂˷10˹Ё㄀438义Ϟ69ᓣˈ೚ᔶ㭘㝰㞾⬅ᤃࡼⱘ乥⥛䖥Ԑ݀ᓣЎ˖
α ns gT α ns T
pns = =
a w a ρt
݊Ё n 㸼⼎䖛Ⳉᕘⱘ㡖㒓᭄ˈ s 㸼⼎㡖೚᭄DŽᤃࡼᔶ⢊ৃҹᰃ⦃ᔶᇍ⿄ᤃൟˈ៪㗙䖛
Ⳉᕘⱘ㡖㒓ডᇍ⿄ᤃൟˈ䛑ৃҹ⬅ n, s ᴹ⹂ᅮDŽ乬ⳂЁ᠔㽕∖ⱘࠡ3䰊乥⥛˄0ˈ1˅ˈ˄1ˈ
1˅ˈ˄2ˈ1˅੠˄0ˈ2˅ˈᅗӀⱘ乥⥛㋏᭄α ns ߚ߿ᰃ˖2.404, 3.832ˈ5.135੠5.520DŽᇚ᭄
ؐҷܹࠄϞ䴶ⱘ乥⥛݀ᓣˈᕫࠄ˖
1 2.404 17.513
f01 = × = 211.1 Hz
2 × 3.14159 0.0762 7801.6 × 1.27 × 10− 6
1 3.832 17.513
f11 = × = 336.5 Hz
2 × 3.14159 0.0762 7801.6 × 1.27 × 10− 6
1 5.135 17.513
f21 = × = 450.9 Hz
2 × 3.14159 0.0762 7801.6 × 1.27 × 10−6
݊Ёⱘ᳔Ԣⱘ乥⥛ f01 ᇍᑨⱘᤃൟ≵᳝㡖೚ˈ f11 ᳝ϔᴵ㡖㒓ˈ f 21 ᳝ϸᴵ㡖㒓DŽα 02 = 5.52
ᇍᑨⱘ乥⥛Ў˖
1 5.52 17.513
f02 = × = 484.7 Hz
2 × 3.14159 0.0762 7801.6 × 1.27 × 10−6

362
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

2ˊANSYSߚᵤ

(1) Շ࿌ٝё༪ົc‫ד‬๥फ໸cӦ၍फ໸cϫॸϵ೴ۤಬШ೴d
⫼Ꮉ⿟᭛ӊੑৡੑҸĀ/FILENAME, EX9.2āᅮНᎹ⿟᭛ӊৡ⿄ЎEX9.1DŽ
⫼ऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟᅮНੑҸĀET,1,SHELL61āᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬䕈ᇍ⿄ण䇗໇ऩ‫ܗ‬SHELL61DŽ
⫼ᅲᐌ᭄ᅮНੑҸĀR,1,1.27e6āᅮН㄀1㉏ᅲᐌ᭄ˈᅮНᵓ८1.27e3 mmDŽ
⫼ᴤ᭭খ᭄ᅮНੑҸĀMP,EX,1,207E9āᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣ЎEX=207 GPaˈ⫼
ĀMP,NUXY,1,0āᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨NUXY=0ˈ⫼ĀMP,ALPX,1,5.5556E6āᅮН㄀1
㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⛁㝼㚔㋏᭄ALPX=5.5556E6ˈ⫼ĀMP,DENS,1,7801.6āᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᆚᑺ
3
DENS=7801.6 kg/m DŽ
(2) ඹ‫ߏڑڶ‬Ԥߙो੦໸d
⫼݇䬂⚍ᅮНੑҸĀK,1ā೼തᷛॳ⚍˄0,0,0˅ᅮН㄀1Ͼ݇䬂⚍ˈ⫼ĀK,2,76.2e3ā
ᅮН᳔໪ջ˄a=76.2 mm,0,0˅ԡ㕂ⱘ݇䬂⚍2DŽ
⫼㒓ᅮНੑҸĀL,1,2ā䖛݇䬂⚍1ˈ2ᅮНⳈ㒓DŽ⫼㒓ऩ‫ܗ‬ሎᇌ䆒㕂ੑҸĀLESIZE, 1,,,9ā
ᣛᅮߦߚ㒓ऩ‫ⱘܗ‬Ḑ᭄Ў9DŽ⫼㒓ऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬ੑҸĀLMESH,1āᇍ1ো㒓ᠻ㸠ऩ‫ܗ‬㔥ḐߦߚDŽ
(3) ༪႔Ψ࠘ࠋԤēಠަสྭၟ೯d
߽⫼㡖⚍䗝乍ੑҸĀNSEL,S,LOC,X,0ā䗝ᢽX=0ԡ㕂໘ⱘ᠔᳝㡖⚍ˈᇍ䖭ѯ䗝Ёⱘ㡖
⚍⫼ĀD,ALL,UXāᮑࡴUX=0ⱘԡ⿏㑺ᴳDŽ
⫼㡖⚍䗝ᢽੑҸĀNSEL,S,LOC,X,76.2e3ā䞡ᮄ䗝ᢽX=76.2mmԡ㕂໘ⱘ᠔᳝㡖⚍ˈᇍ
䖭ѯ䗝Ёⱘ㡖⚍⫼ĀD,ALL,UX,,,,,UYāᮑࡴUX=0੠UY=0ⱘԡ⿏㑺ᴳDŽ⫼ĀNSEL, ALLā
䗝ᢽ᠔᳝㒧⚍DŽ
⫼Џ㞾⬅ᑺᅮНੑҸĀM,ALL,UYāᣛᅮ᠔᳝㡖⚍ⱘUY㞾⬅ᑺЎЏ㞾⬅ᑺDŽ⫼ĀD,ALL,
UZā㑺ᴳ᠔᳝㡖⚍⊓ⴔZᮍ৥ⱘԡ⿏㞾⬅ᑺUZDŽ㒣䖛䖭ѯℹ偸ৢˈᕫࠄབ೒9.8᠔⼎ⱘ䕈ᇍ
⿄䅵ㅫ῵ൟDŽ

೒9.8 ᮑࡴԡ⿏㑺ᴳ੠Џ㞾⬅ᑺৢⱘ䕈ᇍ⿄䅵ㅫ῵ൟ

363
 ㄀ゴ㝰ᵓ੠ᅲԧᤃࡼ

⫼খ㗗⏽ᑺᅮНੑҸĀTREF,0āᣛᅮখ㗗⏽ᑺ˄᮴ᑨ࡯⢊ᗕⱘ⏽ᑺ˅Ў0ᑺDŽ⫼㒭᠔
᳝㡖⚍ᮑࡴഛࣔⱘ㥋䕑ੑҸĀBFUNIF,TEMP,12āᇚ㭘㝰ⱘ⏽ᑺ䰡Ԣ12ᑺˈҹ⫳៤㭘㝰
ᑨ࡯DŽ
(4) ࠩదௐࠓ੦ࣖēࢗಳௐࠓd
⫼ߚᵤ㉏ൟᅮНੑҸĀANTYPE,STATICāᅮНߚᵤ㉏ൟЎ䴭࡯ߚᵤDŽ⫼乘ᑨ࡯䗝乍
ᓔ݇ĀPSTRES,ONāᠧᓔ乘ᑨ࡯ߚᵤ䗝乍DŽ⫼ĀOUTPR,BASIC,ALLāᣛᅮ䕧ߎ᠔᳝㡖⚍
ⱘ෎ᴀ᭄᥂ˈ⫼ĀSOLVEāᓔྟ䖯㸠䴭࡯ߚᵤⱘ∖㾷DŽ
(5) ᄷ໭ࠩదௐࠓ੦ࣖēၼұࠩ໻੦ൟ‫ד‬๥d
䞡ᮄ⫼ߚᵤ㉏ൟᅮНੑҸĀANTYPE,MODAL āᣛᅮᔧࠡߚᵤ㉏ൟᰃ῵ᗕߚᵤ DŽ⫼
ĀPSTRES,ONāᠧᓔ乘ᑨ࡯䗝乍ˈ䖯㸠乘ᑨ࡯῵ᗕߚᵤDŽ⫼ሩᓔ῵ᗕϾ᭄ੑҸĀMXPAND,3ā
ᣛᅮ᳔໻ሩᓔⱘ῵ᗕ᭄Ў3DŽ⫼῵ᗕߚᵤ䗝乍ੑҸ ĀMODOPT,REDUC āᣛᅮ߽⫼䰡䰊
˄REDUCED˅ᮍ⊩∖㾷ⶽ䰉⡍ᕕؐˈ⫼ĀMODE,0āᣛᅮ∖㾷㄀0䰊䇤⊶῵ᗕDŽ⫼ĀSOLVEā
ੑҸᓔྟ䖯㸠῵ᗕߚᵤ∖㾷DŽ
(6) ၽྡྷ͎‫҉܊‬स੦ࣖē෍໹ມವ੦ൟd
⫼にষᅮНੑҸĀ/WINDOW,1,LTOPā೼にষⱘϞ䴶ᎺջᅮН㄀1োᄤ೒ᔶにষDŽ⫼
䇏ܹ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰੑҸĀSET,1,1ā䇏ܹ㄀1Ͼ㥋䕑ℹ㄀1Ͼᄤℹⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ˄㄀1䰊῵ᗕ˅ˈ⫼
೒ᔶᰒ⼎ੑҸĀPLDISP,1āᏺॳᴹ῵ൟ೒ˈ೼1োにষᰒ⼎ᤃࡼ῵ᗕDŽ
⫼Ā/NOERASEāੑҸ䆒㕂ֱᣕሣᐩϡ᪺䰸⢊ᗕDŽ⫼ᦤপ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰੑҸĀ*GET, F11,
MODE, 0,FREQāᦤপ㄀0䰊῵ᗕⱘ乥⥛ˈᄬܹব䞣F11DŽ⫼Ā/WINDOW,1,OFFā݇䯁ࠡ䴶
ᅮНⱘ1োにষDŽ
⫼にষᅮНੑҸĀ/WINDOW,4,RBOTā೼にষⱘϟ䴶েջᅮН㄀4োᄤ೒ᔶにষDŽ⫼
ĀSET,1,2ā䇏ܹ㄀1Ͼ㥋䕑ℹ㄀2Ͼᄤℹⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ˄㄀2䰊῵ᗕ˅ˈ⫼ĀPLDISP,1āᏺॳᴹ
῵ൟ೒ˈ೼にষ4ᰒ⼎বᔶৢⱘ῵ൟDŽ⫼Ā*GET,F12,MODE,2,FREQāᦤপ㄀2䰊῵ᗕⱘ乥
⥛ˈᄬܹব䞣F12DŽ⫼Ā/WINDOW,4,OFFā݇䯁ࠡ䴶ᅮНⱘ4োにষDŽ
(7) ᄷ໭ࠩదௐࠓ੦ൟēௐࠓԛ1ࠈໞϏ੦ൟd
⫼ĀMODE,1āᣛᅮ∖㾷㄀1䰊䇤⊶῵ᗕDŽ⫼ĀSOLVEāᓔྟ∖㾷㄀1䰊῵ᗕDŽ೼ϔ㠀
ৢ໘⧚῵ഫЁˈ⫼にষᅮНੑҸĀ/WINDOW,2,RTOPā೼にষⱘϞ䴶েջᅮН㄀4োᄤ೒
ᔶにষDŽ⫼ĀSET,1,1ā䇏ܹ㄀1Ͼ㥋䕑ℹⱘ㄀1 Ͼᄤℹⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰˈ⫼೒ᔶᰒ⼎ੑҸ
ĀPLDISP,1āᏺॳᴹ῵ൟ೒ˈᰒ⼎ᤃࡼ῵ᗕDŽ⫼Ā*GET,F21,MODE,0,FREQāᦤপ㄀0䰊῵
ᗕⱘ乥⥛ˈᄬܹব䞣F21DŽ⫼Ā/WINDOW,2,OFFā݇䯁ࠡ䴶ᅮНⱘ2োにষDŽ
(8) ᄷ໭ࠩదௐࠓ੦ൟēௐࠓԛ1ࠈໞϏ੦ൟd
⫼ĀMODE,2āᣛᅮ∖㾷㄀2䰊䇤⊶῵ᗕDŽ⫼ĀSOLVEᓔྟ䖯㸠῵ᗕߚᵤⱘ∖㾷DŽ
(9) ၽྡྷ͎‫҉܊‬स੦ࣖē෍ຬມವໞϏ੦ൟd
⫼にষᅮНੑҸĀ/WINDOW,3,LBOTā೼にষⱘϟ䴶ᎺջᅮН㄀3োᄤ೒ᔶにষDŽ⫼
ĀSET,1,1ā䇏ܹ㄀1Ͼ㥋䕑ℹⱘ㄀1Ͼᄤℹⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰˈ⫼ĀPLDISP,1āᏺॳᴹ῵ൟ೒ˈᰒ
⼎ᤃࡼ῵ᗕDŽ⫼䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰᦤপੑҸĀ*GET,F31,MODE,0,FREQāᦤপ㄀0䰊῵ᗕⱘ乥⥛ˈᄬ
ܹব䞣F31DŽ߽⫼䖭ѯにষᅮНੑҸᘏ݅ᅮНњ4Ͼにষˈᑊ೼৘ϾにষЁձ⃵ᰒ⼎њϡৠ
ⱘᤃൟ˄བ೒9.9᠔⼎˅DŽ

364
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

೒9.9 ೚ᔶ㭘㝰䴲䕈ᇍ⿄ᤃࡼⱘࠡ4䰊῵ᗕঞᇍᑨ乥⥛

⫼⢊ᗕᰒ⼎ੑҸĀ*status,parmā߫ߎ᠔᳝ব䞣ⱘؐ˄བ೒9.10᠔⼎˅DŽ

೒9.10 ⫼*Status߫ߎⱘ乥⥛䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ

(10) Շ࿌೴ᆦέ२ēߜ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ރڴ‬ୣူसৢࠓԅΑᄔ೛ѻӾำ·ำߑd

3ˊANSYS⿟ᑣ

FINISH
/CLEAR, NOSTART ! ⏙䰸᭄᥂,ϡࡴ䕑߱ྟ࣪᭛ӊ
! (1) ᅮНᎹ⿟䗝乍ǃߚᵤ㉏ൟǃऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟǃᴤ᭭খ᭄੠ᅲᐌ᭄
/FILENAME, EX9.2 ! ᅮНᎹ⿟᭛ӊৡ⿄ЎEX9.1
/PREP7 ! ࡴ䕑ࠡ໘⧚῵ഫ
/TITLE, EX9.2, NONAXISYMMTRIC VIBRATION OF A STRETCHED CIRCULAR MEMBRANE (HARMONIC
ELEMENTS)

365
 ㄀ゴ㝰ᵓ੠ᅲԧᤃࡼ

C*** VIBRATION PROBS. IN ENGR., TIMOSHENKO, 3RD. ED., ART. 69, PAGE 438
ET,1,SHELL61 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬䕈ᇍ⿄ण䇗໇ऩ‫ܗ‬SHELL61
R,1,1.27e-6 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᅲᐌ᭄,ᵓ८1.27e-3 mm
MP,EX,1,207E9 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EX˙207 GPa
MP,NUXY,1,0 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨NUXY˙0
MP,ALPX,1,5.5556E-6 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⛁㝼㚔㋏᭄ALPX˙5.5556E-6
MP,DENS,1,7801.6 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᆚᑺDENS˙7801.6 kg/m^3
! (2) 䗮䖛݇䬂⚍ⱘᅮН,ᓎゟ῵ൟ
K,1 ! ೼തᷛॳ⚍˄0,0,0˅ᅮН㄀1Ͼ݇䬂⚍
K,2,76.2e-3 ! ೼᳔໪ջ˄a=76.2 mm,0,0˅ԡ㕂ᓎゟ݇䬂⚍2
L,1,2 ! 䖛݇䬂⚍1,2ᅮНⳈ㒓
LESIZE,1,,,9 ! ᣛᅮߦߚ㒓ऩ‫ⱘܗ‬Ḑ᭄Ў9
LMESH,1 ! ᇍ1ো㒓ᠻ㸠ऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬
! (3) 䗝ᢽ䖍⬠㡖⚍,ᮑࡴԡ⿏㑺ᴳ
NSEL,S,LOC,X,0 ! 䗝ᢽX˙0ԡ㕂໘ⱘ᠔᳝㡖⚍
D,ALL,UX ! 㒭Ϟ䴶䗝Ёⱘ᠔᳝㡖⚍ᮑࡴUX˙0 ⱘԡ⿏㑺ᴳ
NSEL,S,LOC,X,76.2e-3 ! 䞡ᮄ䗝ᢽX˙76.2mmԡ㕂໘ⱘ᠔᳝㡖⚍
D,ALL,UX,,,,,UY ! 㒭䗝Ёⱘ᠔᳝㡖⚍ᮑࡴUX˙0੠UY˙0ⱘԡ⿏㑺ᴳ
NSEL,ALL ! 䗝ᢽ᠔᳝㒧⚍
M,ALL,UY ! ᣛᅮ᠔᳝㡖⚍ⱘUY㞾⬅ᑺЎЏ㞾⬅ᑺ
D,ALL,UZ ! ԡ⿏㑺ᴳ᠔᳝㡖⚍ⱘ⊓ⴔZᮍ৥ⱘԡ⿏㞾⬅ᑺUZ
TREF,0 ! ᣛᅮখ㗗⏽ᑺ˄᮴ᑨ࡯⢊ᗕⱘ⏽ᑺ˅Ў0ᑺ
BFUNIF,TEMP,-12 ! ᇚ㭘㝰ⱘ⏽ᑺ䰡Ԣ12ᑺ,ҹ⫳៤㭘㝰ᑨ࡯
FINISH ! 䗔ߎࠡ໘⧚῵ഫPREP7
! (4) 䖯ܹ∖㾷῵ഫ,ᓔྟ∖㾷
/SOLU ! ࡴ䕑∖㾷῵ഫ
ANTYPE,STATIC ! ᅮНߚᵤ㉏ൟЎ䴭࡯ߚᵤ
PSTRES,ON ! ᠧᓔ乘ᑨ࡯ߚᵤ䗝乍
OUTPR,BASIC,ALL ! ᣛᅮ䕧ߎ᠔᳝㡖⚍ⱘ෎ᴀ᭄᥂
SOLVE ! ᓔྟ䖯㸠䴭࡯ߚᵤⱘ∖㾷
FINISH ! 䗔ߎ∖㾷῵ഫSOLU
! (5) 䞡ᮄ䖯ܹ∖㾷῵ഫ,䖯㸠῵ᗕߚᵤ
/SOLU ! ࡴ䕑∖㾷῵ഫ
ANTYPE,MODAL ! ᣛᅮߚᵤ㉏ൟᰃ῵ᗕߚᵤ
PSTRES,ON ! ᠧᓔ乘ᑨ࡯䗝乍,䖯㸠乘ᑨ࡯῵ᗕߚᵤ
MXPAND,3 ! ᣛᅮ᳔໻ሩᓔⱘ῵ᗕ᭄Ў3
MODOPT,REDUC ! ᣛᅮ߽⫼䰡䰊˄REDUCED˅ᮍ⊩∖㾷ⶽ䰉⡍ᕕؐ
MODE,0 ! ᣛᅮ∖㾷㄀0䰊䇤⊶῵ᗕ
SOLVE ! ᓔྟ䖯㸠῵ᗕߚᵤ∖㾷
FINISH ! 䗔ߎ∖㾷῵ഫSOLUTION
! (6) ೼ϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫ,೒㒓ᰒ⼎῵ᗕ
/POST1 ! 䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
/WINDOW,1,LTOP ! ೼にষⱘϞ䴶ᎺջᅮН㄀1োᄤ೒ᔶにষ
SET,1,1 ! 䇏ܹ㄀1Ͼ㥋䕑ℹ㄀1Ͼᄤℹⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ˄㄀1䰊῵ᗕ˅,೼にষ1ᰒ⼎

366
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PLDISP,1 ! ᏺॳᴹ῵ൟ೒,ᰒ⼎ᤃࡼ῵ᗕ
/NOERASE ! ֱᣕሣᐩϡ᪺䰸⢊ᗕ
*GET,F11,MODE,0,FREQ ! ᦤপ㄀0䰊῵ᗕⱘ乥⥛,ᄬܹব䞣F11
/WINDOW,1,OFF ! ݇䯁ࠡ䴶ᅮНⱘ1োにষ
/WINDOW,4,RBOT ! ೼にষⱘϟ䴶েջᅮН㄀4োᄤ೒ᔶにষ
SET,1,2 ! 䇏ܹ㄀1Ͼ㥋䕑ℹ㄀2Ͼᄤℹⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ˄㄀2䰊῵ᗕ˅,೼にষ4ᰒ⼎
PLDISP,1 ! ᏺॳᴹ῵ൟ೒,ᰒ⼎বᔶৢⱘ῵ൟ
*GET,F12,MODE,2,FREQ ! ᦤপ㄀2䰊῵ᗕⱘ乥⥛,ᄬܹব䞣F12
/WINDOW,4,OFF ! ݇䯁ࠡ䴶ᅮНⱘ4োにষ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
! (7) 䞡ᮄ䖯ܹ∖㾷῵ᗕ,∖㾷㄀1䰊䇤⊶῵ᗕ
/SOLU ! ࡴ䕑∖㾷῵ഫ
MODE,1 ! ᣛᅮ∖㾷㄀1䰊䇤⊶῵ᗕ
SOLVE ! ᓔྟ∖㾷㄀1䰊῵ᗕ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎ∖㾷῵ഫSOLUTION
/POST1 ! 䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
/WINDOW,2,RTOP ! ೼にষⱘϞ䴶েջᅮН㄀4োᄤ೒ᔶにষ
SET,1,1 ! 䇏ܹ㄀1Ͼ㥋䕑ℹⱘ㄀1Ͼᄤℹⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
PLDISP,1 ! ᏺॳᴹ῵ൟ೒,ᰒ⼎ᤃࡼ῵ᗕ
*GET,F21,MODE,0,FREQ ! ᦤপ㄀0䰊῵ᗕⱘ乥⥛,ᄬܹব䞣F21
/WINDOW,2,OFF ! ݇䯁ࠡ䴶ᅮНⱘ2োにষ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎࠡ໘⧚῵ഫPREP7
! (8) 䞡ᮄ䖯ܹ∖㾷῵ᗕ,∖㾷㄀1䰊䇤⊶῵ᗕ
/SOLU ! ࡴ䕑∖㾷῵ഫ
MODE,2 ! ᣛᅮ∖㾷㄀2䰊䇤⊶῵ᗕ
SOLVE ! ᓔྟ∖㾷
FINISH ! 䗔ߎ∖㾷῵ഫSOLUTION
! (9) ೼ϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫ,೒㒓ᰒ⼎䇤⊶῵ᗕ
/POST1 ! 䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
/WINDOW,3,LBOT ! ೼にষⱘϟ䴶ᎺջᅮН㄀3োᄤ೒ᔶにষ
SET,1,1 ! 䇏ܹ㄀1Ͼ㥋䕑ℹⱘ㄀1Ͼᄤℹⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
PLDISP,1 ! ᏺॳᴹ῵ൟ೒,ᰒ⼎ᤃࡼ῵ᗕ
*GET,F31,MODE,0,FREQ ! ᦤপ㄀0䰊῵ᗕⱘ乥⥛,ᄬܹব䞣F31
*status,parm ! ߫ߎ᠔᳝ব䞣ⱘؐ
! (10) ᅮН᭄㒘ব䞣,ᇚ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰঞ݊Ϣ⧚䆎㾷ⱘ↨ؐ䕧ߎࠄ᭛ᴀ᭛ӊ
*DIM,LABEL,CHAR,4,2 ! ᅮН4ˆ2ᄫヺൟ᭄㒘LABEL
*DIM,VALUE,,4,3 ! ᅮН4ˆ3᭄ؐൟ᭄㒘VALUE
LABEL(1,1) = 'F(0,1) ','F(1,1) ','F(2,1) ','F(0,2)' ! 㒭LABELⱘ㄀1߫䌟ؐ
LABEL(1,2) = 'Hz ','Hz ','Hz ','Hz ' ! 㒭LABELⱘ㄀2߫䌟ؐ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,1),DATA,211.1,336.5,450.9,484.7 ! 㒭VALUEⱘ㄀1߫䌟⧚䆎ؐ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,2),DATA,F11,F21,F31,F12 ! 㒭VALUEⱘ㄀2߫䌟䅵ㅫؐ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,3),DATA,ABS(F11/211.1),ABS(F21/336.5),ABS(F31/450.9),ABS(F12/4
84.7) ! 㒭VALUEⱘ㄀3߫䌟䅵ㅫؐϢ⧚䆎ؐⱘ↨ؐ

367
 ㄀ゴ㝰ᵓ੠ᅲԧᤃࡼ

/COM
/OUT, EX9_2, out ! ᇚ䕧ߎ‫ݙ‬ᆍ䞡ᅮ৥ࠄ᭛ӊEX9_2.out
/COM,------------------- EX9.2 RESULTS COMPARISON -------------
/COM,
/COM, | TARGET | ANSYS | RATIO
/COM,
*VWRITE,LABEL(1,1),LABEL(1,2),VALUE(1,1),VALUE(1,2),VALUE(1,3)
(1X,A8,A8,' ',F11.1,' ',F11.1,' ',1F6.3)
/COM,----------------------------------------------------------
/OUT ! 㒧ᴳ᭄᥂䞡ᅮ৥,݇䯁䕧ߎ᭛ӊ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
*LIST, EX9_2, out ! ߫㸼ᰒ⼎᭛ӊEX9_2.outⱘ‫ݙ‬ᆍ

4ˊ㒧ᵰᇍ↨੠ߚᵤ

߽⫼Ϟ䴶ᦤկⱘ⿟ᑣˈ䅵ㅫߎњᓴ㋻೚ᔶ㭘㝰ⱘࠡ4䰊乥⥛བ㸼9.2᠔⼎DŽϢ⧚䆎ߚᵤ
㒧ᵰⳌ↨ˈᘏԧ㊒⹂ᑺ䛑ᕜདDŽ䖭Џ㽕ᰃ಴Ў೼ञᕘᮍ৥ⱘऩ‫ܗ‬᭄↨䕗໮ⱘ㓬ᬙDŽ
㸼9.2 㭘㝰Ѡ㓈䴲䕈ᇍ⿄㞾⬅ᤃࡼߚᵤ乥⥛㒧ᵰᇍ↨
ࠡ޴䰊乥⥛ ⧚ 䆎 ؐ Ansysؐ ↨ ؐ
fo,1, (Hz) 211.3 211.2 1.000
f1,1, (Hz) 336.7 336.6 1.000
f2,1, (Hz) 451.4 451.3 1.000
f0,2, (Hz) 486.4 486.2 1.000

9.3 㭘㝰ϝ㓈䴲䕈ᇍ⿄ᤃࡼߚᵤ
ञᕘa=76.2mmˈ८ᑺt=1.27× 10-3 mm਼䖍ㅔᬃⱘ೚ᔶ㭘㝰ˈফࠄ⊓ⴔञᕘᮍ৥ⱘഛࣔ
3
ߚᏗᢝ࡯T=17.513N/mⱘ԰⫼˄བ೒9.11᠔⼎˅DŽᆚᑺµ=7801.6kg/m ˈᔍᗻ῵䞣E=207Gpaˈ
⊞ᵒ↨°=0ˈ⛁㝼㚔㋏᭄¥=5.5556× 10-6 /eCˈ⏽ᑺछ催T=12eCDŽ㗗㰥㭘㝰‫ⱘݙ‬乘ᑨ࡯ˈ
ᣝ✻ᄤ㒧ᵘᕾ⦃ᇍ⿄ⶽ䰉ᮍ⊩ˈ䆩߽⫼㭘㝰ऩ‫ܗ‬SHELL41⹂ᅮ㞾⬅ᤃࡼাࣙ৿ϔϾ៪㗙ϸ
Ͼ㡖೚˄ࣙᣀ䖍⬠Ϟ˅ˈϔϾ៪㗙ϸϾ䖛Ⳉᕘⱘ㡖㒓ⱘᤃࡼⱘࠡಯ䰊乥⥛fns (n=0,1,)ˈ ˄s=1,2˅DŽ

೒9.11 ᓴ㋻೚ᔶ㭘㝰ᤃࡼ῵ൟ⼎ᛣ೒ ೒9.12 ᓴ㋻೚ᔶ㭘㝰ᤃࡼⱘ䕈ᇍ⿄῵ൟ

368
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

1ˊ⧚䆎㾷

ḍ᥂᭛⤂˷10˹㄀439义Ϟⱘᓣ69ˈ೚ᔶ㭘㝰㞾⬅ᤃࡼⱘ乥⥛䖥Ԑ݀ᓣЎ˖
α gT α ns T
pns = ns =
a w a ρt
݊Ё n 㸼⼎䖛Ⳉᕘⱘ㡖㒓᭄ˈs㸼⼎㡖೚᭄DŽᤃࡼᔶ⢊ৃҹᰃ⦃ᔶᇍ⿄ᤃൟˈ៪㗙䖛Ⳉ
ᕘⱘ㡖㒓ডᇍ⿄ᤃൟˈ䛑ৃҹ⬅ n, s ᴹ⹂ᅮDŽ乬ⳂЁ᠔㽕∖ⱘࠡ4䰊乥⥛᠔ᇍᑨⱘ乥⥛㋏᭄
α ns ߚ߿ᰃ˖ α 01 =2.404, α 11 =3.832ˈ α 02 =5.52੠α 12 =7.016DŽᇚ᭄ؐҷܹࠄϞ䴶ⱘ乥⥛݀ᓣˈ
ᕫࠄ˖
1 2.404 17.513
f01 = × = 211.1Hz
2 × 3.14159 0.0762 7801.6 × 1.27 × 10−6
1 3.832 17.513
f11 = × = 336.5 Hz
2 × 3.14159 0.0762 7801.6 × 1.27 × 10−6
1 7.016 17.513
f12 = × = 616.1 Hz
2 × 3.14159 0.0762 7801.6 × 1.27 × 10− 6
1 5.52 17.513
f02 = × = 484.7 Hz
2 × 3.14159 0.0762 7801.6 × 1.27 × 10−6
݊Ёⱘ᳔Ԣⱘ乥⥛ f01 ᇍᑨⱘᤃൟ≵᳝㡖೚ˈ f11 ᳝ϔᴵ㡖㒓ˈ f 21 ᳝ϸᴵ㡖㒓DŽ

2ˊANSYSߚᵤ

៥Ӏ䞛⫼ᓎゟᕾ⦃ᇍ⿄ⱘ30ᑺ㭘㝰᠛ऎ԰Ў䅵ㅫ῵ൟDŽ乘ᑨ࡯ⱘᮑࡴᰃ䗮䖛ᇚ᠔᳝㡖
⚍೎ᅮৢˈᮑࡴϔϾഛࣔ䰡⏽ᴹᅲ⦄ⱘDŽ៾ᓔञᕘⱘϸϾⳈ㒓䖍㹿ᅮН៤ϸϾ䚼ӊˈ0ᑺԡ
㕂ⱘ䚼ӊ㽕⫼Ѣᇍᕾ⦃ᇍ⿄ߚᵤᅮНDŽ∖㾷ᮍ⊩䞛⫼ߚഫLanczosᮍ⊩ˈᑊሩᓔࠡ䴶4㾷῵
ᗕDŽ߽⫼њ㡖⚍੠ऩ‫᥹Ⳉⱘܗ‬ᓎ῵ᮍ⊩ˈ㡖⚍੠ऩ‫ܗ‬Ꮧ㕂བ೒9.12᠔⼎DŽЎњऩ‫ܗ‬㔥Ḑߦ
ߚᮍ֓䍋㾕ˈЁᖗ䚼ԡ⬹ᖂ‫⿏أ‬0.1↿㉇ˈ⾏ᓔॳᴹԡ㕂DŽϟ䴶㒭ߎߚᵤ䆹䯂乬ⱘЏ㽕ℹ偸
੠䇈ᯢDŽ
(1) Շ࿌ٝё༪ົc‫ד‬๥फ໸cӦ၍फ໸cϫॸϵ೴ۤಬШ೴d
⫼ߚᵤ㉏ൟᅮНੑҸĀANTYPE,STATICāᅮНߚᵤ㉏ൟЎ䴭࡯ߚᵤDŽ⫼ऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟᅮ
НੑҸĀET,1,SHELL41,,1āᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬㭘㝰ऩ‫ܗ‬SHELL41ˈ䖭䞠ⱘ䗝乍Ā1ā㸼⼎ϡՓ
⫼䰘ࡴᔶߑ᭄DŽ
⫼ᴤ᭭খ᭄ᅮНੑҸĀMP,EX,1,207E9āᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EX=207GPaˈ⫼
ĀMP,NUXY,1,0āᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨NUXY=0DŽ⫼ĀMP,ALPX,1,5.5556E6āᅮН㄀1
㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⛁㝼㚔㋏᭄ALPX=5.5556E6ˈ⫼ĀMP,DENS,1,7801.6āᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᆚᑺ
3
DENS = 7801.6 kg/m DŽ⫼ᅲᐌ᭄ᅮНੑҸĀR,1,1.27e6āᅮНᵓ८t=1.27e6 mDŽ
(2) Շ࿌ࠋԤۤӦ၍d
⫼ᔧࠡതᷛ㋏ᅮНੑҸĀCSYS,1āᇚᔧࠡതᷛ㋏ߛᤶЎ᷅䴶തᷛ㋏DŽ⫼㡖⚍ᅮНੑҸ
ĀN,1,.0001ā೼᷅䴶തᷛ㋏Ёⱘ˄0.0001m,0,0˅ԡ㕂ᅮН㄀1Ͼ㡖⚍ˈ䖭䞠Ўњ㔥Ḑߦߚᮍ
֓ˈ‫ݙ‬ջⱘ㡖⚍‫ॳ⾏أ‬ᴹЁᖗԡ㕂0.1↿㉇DŽ⫼ĀN,10,76.2e3ā೼a=76.2mmԡ㕂ᅮН㡖⚍
10ˈ⫼㡖⚍฿‫⫳ܙ‬៤ੑҸĀFILLā೼1ো㡖⚍੠10ো㡖⚍П䯈฿‫⫳ܙ‬៤݊ԭⱘ8Ͼ㡖⚍DŽ

369
 ㄀ゴ㝰ᵓ੠ᅲԧᤃࡼ

೼ᅮНད‫ݙ‬ջ੠໪ջⱘ㡖⚍ৢˈՓ⫼㡖⚍㞾ࡼ⫳៤ੑҸĀNGEN,4,10,1,10,1,,10āᕾ⦃4
⃵ˈ↣Ͼ㡖⚍ো๲䞣Ў10ˈᣝ✻1ࠄ10ো㡖⚍ⱘḐᓣˈ᠔᳝Yതᷛ˄䖭䞠ᰃЏതᷛ㋏ⱘTheta˅
๲ࡴ10ᑺDŽ䖭䞠Փ⫼ⱘ㡖⚍⫳៤ੑҸḐᓣЎ˖NGEN, ITIME, INC, NODE1, NODE2, NINC,
DX, DY, DZˈ㸼⼎ᣝ๲䞣INCˈᕾ⦃⫳៤ITIME⃵ˈᣝ✻Ң㡖⚍NODE1ࠄNODE2๲䞣Ў
NINCⱘ㣗ೈ‫ⱘݙ‬㡖⚍῵ᓣˈᮄ⫳៤ⱘ㡖⚍ⱘXˈY੠Zതᷛߚ߿๲ࡴDXˈDY੠DZDŽЎњ
ϟ䴶ᮑࡴԡ⿏㑺ᴳᮍ֓䍋㾕ˈᇚ᠔᳝㡖⚍ⱘሔ䚼തᷛ㋏ᮟ䕀ࠄᭈԧതᷛ㋏ᮍ৥ˈ⫼ᮟ䕀㡖
⚍ሔ䚼തᷛੑҸĀNROTAT,ALLāᮟ䕀᠔᳝㡖⚍ⱘሔ䚼തᷛ㋏ࠄᔧࠡⱘЏതᷛ䕈ᮍ৥DŽ
⫼ऩ‫ܗ‬ᅮНੑҸĀE,1,2,12,11ā䖛㡖⚍1ˈ2ˈ12੠11ᅮН㄀1Ͼऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ⫼ऩ‫ܗ‬㞾ࡼ⫳៤
ੑҸĀEGEN,3,10,1āᕾ⦃3⃵ˈ↣⃵ऩ‫ⱘܗ‬㡖⚍ো๲䞣Ў10ˈᣝ✻ࠡ1Ͼऩ‫ⱘܗ‬῵ᓣ⫳៤
ऩ‫ˈܗ‬䖭䞠Ā1ā㸼⼎ࠡ䴶߮ᅮНⱘࠡ1Ͼऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ⫼ĀEGEN,9,1,3āᕾ⦃9⃵ˈ↣⃵ऩ‫ܗ‬
ⱘ㡖⚍ো๲䞣Ў1ˈᣝ✻ࠡ3Ͼऩ‫ⱘܗ‬῵ᓣ⫳៤ऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ
䖭䞠Փ⫼ⱘऩ‫⫳ܗ‬៤ੑҸḐᓣЎ˖EGEN, ITIME, NINC, IEL1, IEL2, IEINC, MINC,
TINC, RINC, CINC, SINC, DX, DY, DZˈ৘乍খ᭄ⱘᛣНᰃᣝ✻๲䞣NINCᕾ⦃ITIME⃵ˈ
ᣝ✻Ңऩ‫ܗ‬IEL1ࠄIEL2ˈ๲䞣ЎIEINC㣗ೈ‫ⱘݙ‬ऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ
(3) ༪႔ࠋԤēಠަสྭΨ࠘ඨߑd
⫼㡖⚍䗝ᢽੑҸĀNSEL,S,LOC,Y,0ā䗝ᢽ᠔᳝Y=0ⱘⳈ㒓䖍Ϟⱘ᠔᳝㡖⚍ˈᮑࡴᇍ⿄
䖍⬠ᴵӊDŽ⫼䚼ӊᅮНੑҸĀCM,RIGHT,NODEāᇚ䖭ѯ䗝Ёⱘ㡖⚍㒘ড়៤ϔϾ䚼ӊˈি
԰RIGHT DŽ⫼ĀNSEL,S,LOC,Y,30ā䗝ᢽ঺ϔᴵY=30ᑺⱘⳈ㒓䖍⬠Ϟⱘ㡖⚍ˈᮑࡴᇍ⿄䖍
⬠ᴵӊDŽ⫼ ĀCM,LEFT,NODEā ᇚ䖭ѯ䗝Ёⱘ㡖⚍㒘ড়៤ϔϾ䚼ӊ ˈি԰ LEFTDŽ⫼
ĀNSEL,ALLā䗝ᢽ᠔᳝㒧⚍DŽ
⫼Ā/NOPRā݇䯁䕧᭄ܹ᥂ⱘড作੠㾷䞞DŽ೼咬䅸⢊ᗕϟˈ᠔᳝䕧ܹⱘ᭄᥂䛑೼Ansys
ⱘĀOutout WindowāЁ䕧᭄ܹ᥂ⱘড作੠㾷䞞ᗻⱘֵᙃDŽ⫼ĀCYCGENā⫳៤ᕾ⦃ᇍ⿄ߚ
ᵤЁⱘϔϾᇍ⿄ऎDŽ⫼Ā/GOPRā䞡ᮄᠧᓔ䕧᭄ܹ᥂ⱘড作੠㾷䞞DŽ
⫼ԡ⿏㑺ᴳᅮНੑҸĀD,ALL,ALL,0ā೎ᅮ᠔᳝㡖⚍ˈҹ֓Ѣᮑࡴ乘ᑨ࡯DŽ⫼খ㗗⏽
ᑺᅮНੑҸĀTREF,0ā䆒ᅮখ㗗⏽ᑺЎ0ᑺˈ⫼ᮑࡴഛࣔ⏽ᑺ㥋䕑ⱘੑҸĀBFUNIF,TEMP,
12āᇚ᠔᳝㡖⚍Ϟⱘ⏽ᑺ䰡Ԣ12ᑺˈҹ⫳៤乘ᑨ࡯DŽ

೒9.13 ߽⫼ᕾ⦃ᇍ⿄ᓎ῵ᮍ⊩ᓎゟⱘ㭘㝰ᤃࡼ䅵ㅫ῵ൟ

370
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

(4) ࠩదௐࠓ੦ࣖēӕࢗ၇࿫ॏ༪ົωࢗಳௐࠓࡁॏ‫ד‬๥d
⫼ĀPSTRES,ONāᠧᓔ乘ᑨ࡯䗝乍DŽ⫼ĀSOLVEāᓔྟ䖯㸠䴭࡯ߚᵤ∖㾷DŽ
(5) ၼұࠩద஍҉स੦ࣖēࠩ໻੦ൟ‫ד‬๥d
⫼Ā/PREP7āࡴ䕑ࠡ໘⧚῵ഫˈᑊ⫼Ā/TITLEā䞡ᮄ䆒㕂ᷛ乬DŽ⫼ĀANTYPE,MODALā
ᣛᅮߚᵤ㉏ൟЎ῵ᗕߚᵤˈ⫼ĀMODOPT,LANB,4,1,1000āՓ⫼LANCZOSᕾ⦃∖㾷ᮍ⊩ˈ
ሩᓔࠡ4䰊῵ᗕˈ乥⥛㣗ೈ1ࠄ1000HZ DŽ⫼ĀMXPAND,4ā䆒㕂ሩᓔ῵ᗕϾ᭄Ў4ˈᑊ⫼
ĀPSTRES,ONāᠧᓔ乘ᑨ࡯䗝乍DŽ
(6) ༉‫؟‬สྭΨ࠘ඨߑd
⫼ߴ䰸ԡ⿏㑺ᴳੑҸĀDDEL,ALL,ALLāߴ䰸᠔᳝㡖⚍ⱘ᠔᳝㑺ᴳᴵӊDŽ⫼㡖⚍䗝ᢽ
ੑҸĀNSEL,S,LOC,Y,0ā䗝ᢽY=0ⱘⳈ㒓䖍Ϟⱘ᠔᳝㡖⚍ˈ‫⫼ݡ‬ĀNSEL,A,LOC,Y,30ā⏏
ࡴ䗝ᢽY=30ᑺⱘⳈ㒓䖍Ϟⱘ᠔᳝㡖⚍DŽ⫼ԡ⿏㑺ᴳੑҸĀD,ALL,UX,,,,,UYᇍҹϞ䗝ᢽⱘ᠔
᳝㡖⚍ᮑࡴUX=0੠UY=0ⱘ䖍⬠ᴵӊDŽ
⫼ĀNSEL,S,LOC,X,76.2e3ā䗝ᢽX=76.2 mmⱘ᳔໪ջ೚ᓻ䖍Ϟⱘ᠔᳝㡖⚍ˈ⫼
ĀD,ALL,ALL,0ā೎ᅮ㹿䗝ᢽⱘ᳔໪䖍㡖⚍ⱘ᠔᳝㞾⬅ᑺDŽ⫼ĀNSEL,ALLā䗝ᢽ᠔᳝㒧⚍DŽ
߽⫼䞡ᮄ㒬ࠊ῵ൟৢˈᕫࠄབ೒9.14᠔⼎ⱘ䅵ㅫ῵ൟDŽ೒Ё೼䖍⬠Ϟⱘㆁ༈㸼⼎䖍⬠㒭㒧
ᵘᮑࡴⱘ乘ᑨ࡯DŽ

೒9.14 ᮑࡴ䖍⬠Ϟⱘԡ⿏㑺ᴳৢⱘ䅵ㅫ῵ൟ

(7) ၽௐࠓ੦ࣖēࠩ໻ᅀճыูඕԅௐࠓd
⫼䕧ߎ䞡ᅮ৥ੑҸĀ/OUTPUT,SCRATCHāᅮН䕧ߎ᭛ӊⱘৡ⿄ЎSCRATCHDŽ⫼ᕾ
⦃ᇍ⿄῵ᗕߚᵤੑҸĀCYCSOL,0,1,12,'RIGHT'āᇚ⊶㡖ⳈᕘϞ㡖⚍োҢ0ࠄ1ˈᇚ360ᑺߦ
ߚЎ12ӑˈ㾦ᑺ䕗ᇣⱘⳈ㒓䖍Ϟ㡖⚍䚼ӊ'RIGHT'ˈᇍ䖭Ͼ῵ൟ䖯㸠䕈ᇍ⿄῵ᗕߚᵤDŽ
䖭 䞠 Փ ⫼ ⱘ ᠻ 㸠 ᕾ ⦃ ᇍ ⿄ ῵ ᗕ ߚ ᵤ ੑ Ҹ Ḑ ᓣ Ў ˖ CYCSOL, NDMIN, NDMAX,
NSECTOR, Lowname, Highname, TOL, KMOVE, KPAIRS DŽ೼⊶㡖ⳈᕘϞ㡖⚍ো㣗ೈҢ
NDMINࠄNDMAXˈ360ᑺ݅ߚNSECTORϾ᠛ऎⱘ䕈ᇍ⿄῵ൟϞˈ䖯㸠䕈ᇍ⿄῵ᗕߚᵤDŽ
ϡᏺӏԩখ᭄ⱘੑҸĀ/OUTPUT ā㸼⼎݇䯁᭛ӊ䞡ᅮ৥䕧ߎDŽ

371
 ㄀ゴ㝰ᵓ੠ᅲԧᤃࡼ

(8) ၽྡྷ͎‫҉܊‬स੦ࣖē҉स଴৑‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ڴ‬d

೒9.15 ೚ᔶ㭘㝰ⱘ乥⥛䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ

⫼䇏ܹᶤϾ㥋䕑ℹⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰੑҸĀSET,1,1ā䇏ܹ㄀1Ͼ㥋䕑ℹ㄀1ᄤℹⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰˈ
⫼䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰᦤপੑҸĀ*GET,F01_1,ACTIVE,,SET,FREQāᦤপ0Ͼ㡖೚ⱘ㄀1䰊乥⥛DŽ䱣ৢ
ձ⃵䇏ܹ݊Ҫ৘䰊乥⥛ˈߚ߿ֱᄬࠄব䞣F02_1ˈF11_1ˈF11_2ˈF12_1ˈF12_2DŽ
(9) ҉सۤ෍໹ມವ੦ൟ໹ᅱd
⫼Ā/NOPRā݇䯁䕧᭄ܹ᥂ড作੠㾷䞞DŽ⫼῵ᗕሩᓔϾ᭄䆒㕂ੑҸĀEXPAND,12āሩ
ᓔᭈϾ12Ͼ᠛ऎ῵ൟⱘ㒧ᵰDŽ⫼Ā/VIEW,,1,1,1ā䆒㕂Ң˄1,1,1˅ࠄ˄0,0,0˅ⱘᮍ৥㾖ᆳ῵
ൟˈ⫼৥Ϟതᷛ䕈䆒㕂ੑҸĀ/VUP,1,Zā䆒㕂Z䕈ᮍ৥৥ϞDŽ⫼Ā/GLINE,,1ā䆒㕂ϡᰒ
⼎ऩ‫ܗ‬໪䕂ᒧ㒓ˈ⫼Ā/TRIAD,OFFā݇䯁തᷛᶊᰒ⼎DŽ
⫼㥋䕑ℹ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ䇏ܹੑҸ ĀSET,1,2ā䇏ܹ㄀1Ͼ㥋䕑ℹ㄀2ᄤℹⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰˈ⫼
Ā/TITLEā䆒㕂ᷛ乬ৢˈ⫼೒ᔶᰒ⼎ੑҸĀPLNSOL,U,Zā೒ᔶᰒ⼎㒧⚍ԡ⿏ؐUZ˄བ೒9.16
᠔⼎˅DŽ

೒9.16 ㄀1䰊䕈ᇍ⿄ᤃൟ

372
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

⫼ĀSET,2,2ā䇏ܹ㄀1Ͼ㥋䕑ℹ㄀2ᄤℹⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰˈ‫⃵ݡ‬䆒㕂ᷛ乬ৢˈ⫼ĀPLNSOL,U,Zā
೒ᔶᰒ⼎㒧⚍ԡ⿏ؐUZ˄བ೒9.17᠔⼎˅DŽ

೒9.17 ㄀2䰊䕈ᇍ⿄ᤃൟ

(10) Շ࿌೴ᆦέ२ēߜ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ރڴ‬ୣူसৢࠓԅΑᄔ೛ѻӾำ·ำߑd

3ˊANSYS⿟ᑣ
FINISH
/CLEAR, NOSTART ! ⏙䰸᭄᥂ˈϡࡴ䕑߱ྟ࣪᭛ӊ
! (1) ᅮНᎹ⿟䗝乍ǃߚᵤ㉏ൟǃऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟǃᴤ᭭খ᭄੠ᅲᐌ᭄
/FILNAME, EX9.3 ! ᅮНᎹ⿟᭛ӊৡ⿄ЎEX9.3
/PREP7 ! ࡴ䕑ࠡ໘⧚῵ഫ
/TITLE, EX9.3, NONAXISYM. VIBR. OF A STRETCHED CIRCULAR MEMBRANE (STATIC)
! VIBRATION PROBS. IN ENGR., TIMOSHENKO, PAGE 439, ARTICLE 69
ANTYPE,STATIC ! ᅮНߚᵤ㉏ൟЎ䴭࡯ߚᵤ
ET,1,SHELL41,,1 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬㭘㝰ऩ‫ܗ‬SHELL41
MP,EX,1,207E9 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EX=207 GPa
MP,NUXY,1,0 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨NUXY=0
MP,ALPX,1,5.5556E-6 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⛁㝼㚔㋏᭄ALPX=5.5556E-6
MP,DENS,1,7801.6 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᆚᑺDENS = 7801.6 kg/m^3
R,1,1.27e-6 ! ᅮНᵓ८t=1.27e-6 m
! (2) ᅮН㡖⚍੠ऩ‫ܗ‬
CSYS,1 ! ᇚᔧࠡതᷛ㋏ߛᤶЎ᷅䴶തᷛ㋏
N,1,.0001 ! ೼᷅䴶തᷛ㋏Ёⱘ˄0.0001m,0,0˅ԡ㕂ᅮН㄀1Ͼ㡖⚍
N,10,76.2e-3 ! ೼a=76.2mmԡ㕂ᅮН㡖⚍10
FILL ! ೼1ো㡖⚍੠10ো㡖⚍П䯈฿‫⫳ܙ‬៤݊ԭⱘ8Ͼ㡖⚍
! 㡖⚍⫳៤ੑҸḐᓣ˖NGEN, ITIME, INC, NODE1, NODE2, NINC, DX, DY, DZ, SPACE
NGEN,4,10,1,10,1,,10 ! ᕾ⦃4⃵,↣Ͼ㡖⚍ো๲䞣Ў10,ᣝ✻1ࠄ10ো㡖⚍ⱘḐᓣ,᠔᳝Yതᷛ
˄䖭䞠ᰃЏതᷛ㋏ⱘTheta˅๲ࡴ10ᑺDŽ

373
 ㄀ゴ㝰ᵓ੠ᅲԧᤃࡼ

NROTAT,ALL ! ᮟ䕀᠔᳝㡖⚍ⱘሔ䚼തᷛ㋏ࠄᔧࠡⱘЏതᷛ䕈ᮍ৥
E,1,2,12,11 ! 䖛㡖⚍1,2,12੠11ᅮН㄀1Ͼऩ‫ܗ‬
! ऩ‫⫳ܗ‬៤ੑҸḐᓣ˖EGEN, ITIME, NINC, IEL1, IEL2, IEINC, MINC, TINC, RINC, CINC,
SINC, DX, DY, DZ
EGEN,3,10,-1 ! ᕾ⦃3⃵,↣⃵ऩ‫ⱘܗ‬㡖⚍ো๲䞣Ў10,ᣝ✻ࠡ1Ͼऩ‫ⱘܗ‬῵ᓣ⫳៤ऩ‫ܗ‬
EGEN,9,1,-3 ! ᕾ⦃9⃵,↣⃵ऩ‫ⱘܗ‬㡖⚍ো๲䞣Ў1,ᣝ✻ࠡ3Ͼऩ‫ⱘܗ‬῵ᓣ⫳៤ऩ‫ܗ‬
! (3) 䗝ᢽ㡖⚍,ᮑࡴԡ⿏䖍⬠ᴵӊ
NSEL,S,LOC,Y,0 ! 䗝ᢽ᠔᳝Y˙0ⱘⳈ㒓䖍Ϟⱘ᠔᳝㡖⚍,ᮑࡴᇍ⿄䖍⬠ᴵӊ
! ᅮН⫼Ѣᕾ⦃ᇍ⿄ߚᵤⱘ䖍⬠䚼ӊ
CM,RIGHT,NODE ! ᇚ䖭ѯ䗝Ёⱘ㡖⚍㒘ড়៤ϔϾ䚼ӊ,ি԰RIGHT
NSEL,S,LOC,Y,30 ! 䗝ᢽ঺ϔᴵY˙30ᑺⱘⳈ㒓䖍⬠Ϟⱘ㡖⚍,ᮑࡴᇍ⿄䖍⬠ᴵӊ
CM,LEFT,NODE ! ᇚ䖭ѯ䗝Ёⱘ㡖⚍㒘ড়៤ϔϾ䚼ӊ,ি԰LEFT
NSEL,ALL ! 䗝ᢽ᠔᳝㒧⚍
/NOPR ! ݇䯁䕧᭄ܹ᥂ⱘড作੠㾷䞞
CYCGEN ! ⫳៤ᕾ⦃ᇍ⿄ߚᵤЁⱘϔϾᇍ⿄ऎ
/GOPR ! ᠧᓔ䕧᭄ܹ᥂ⱘড作੠㾷䞞
D,ALL,ALL,0 ! ೎ᅮ᠔᳝㡖⚍,Ўњ֓Ѣᮑࡴ乘ᑨ࡯
TREF,0 ! 䆒ᅮখ㗗⏽ᑺЎ0ᑺ
BFUNIF,TEMP,-12 ! ᇚ⏽ᑺ䰡Ԣ12ᑺ,ҹ⫳៤乘ᑨ࡯
FINISH ! 䗔ߎࠡ໘⧚῵ഫPREP7
! (4) 䖯ܹ∖㾷῵ഫ,ᠧᓔ乘ᑨ࡯䗝乍ᑊᓔྟ∖㾷䴭࡯ߚᵤ
/SOLU ! ࡴ䕑∖㾷῵ഫ
PSTRES,ON ! ᠧᓔ乘ᑨ࡯䗝乍
SOLVE ! ᓔྟ䖯㸠䴭࡯ߚᵤ∖㾷
FINISH ! 䗔ߎ∖㾷῵ഫSOLU
! (5) ‫⃵ݡ‬䖯ܹࠡ໘⧚῵ഫ,䖯㸠῵ᗕߚᵤ
/PREP7 ! ࡴ䕑ࠡ໘⧚῵ഫ
/TITLE, EX9_3(2), NONAXISYM. VIBR. OF A STRETCHED CIRCULAR MEMBRANE (MODAL)
ANTYPE,MODAL ! ᣛᅮߚᵤ㉏ൟЎ῵ᗕߚᵤ
MODOPT,LANB,4,1,1000 ! Փ⫼LANCZOSᕾ⦃∖㾷ᮍ⊩,ሩᓔࠡ4䰊῵ᗕ,乥⥛㣗ೈ1ࠄ1000 HZ
MXPAND,4 ! 䆒㕂ሩᓔ῵ᗕϾ᭄Ў4
PSTRES,ON ! ᠧᓔ乘ᑨ࡯䗝乍
! (6) ׂᬍԡ⿏䖍⬠ᴵӊ
DDEL,ALL,ALL ! ᬒᵒ᠔᳝㡖⚍ⱘ᠔᳝㑺ᴳᴵӊ
NSEL,S,LOC,Y,0 ! 䗝ᢽY˙0ⱘⳈ㒓䖍Ϟⱘ᠔᳝㡖⚍
NSEL,A,LOC,Y,30 ! ⏏ࡴ䗝ᢽY˙30ᑺⱘⳈ㒓䖍Ϟⱘ᠔᳝㡖⚍
D,ALL,UX,,,,,UY ! ᇍҹϞ䗝ᢽⱘ᠔᳝㡖⚍ᮑࡴUX˙0੠UY˙0ⱘ䖍⬠ᴵӊ
NSEL,S,LOC,X,76.2e-3 ! 䗝ᢽX˙76.2 mmⱘ᳔໪ջ೚ᓻ䖍Ϟⱘ᠔᳝㡖⚍
D,ALL,ALL,0 ! ೎ᅮ㹿䗝ᢽⱘ᳔໪䖍ⱘ䖭ѯ㡖⚍ⱘ᠔᳝㞾⬅ᑺ
NSEL,ALL ! 䗝ᢽ᠔᳝㒧⚍
/REPLOT ! 䞡ᮄ㒬ࠊ῵ൟ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎࠡ໘⧚῵ഫPREP7
! (7) ೼∖㾷῵ഫ,䖯㸠䕈ᇍ⿄䯂乬ⱘ∖㾷
/SOLU ! ࡴ䕑∖㾷῵ഫ

374
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

/OUTPUT,SCRATCH ! ᅮН䕧ߎ᭛ӊⱘৡ⿄ЎSCRATCH
! ᠻ㸠ᕾ⦃ᇍ⿄῵ᗕߚᵤੑҸḐᓣ˖CYCSOL, N DMIN, NDMAX, NSECTOR, Lowname, Highname, TOL,
KMOVE, KPAIRS. ೼⊶㡖ⳈᕘϞ㡖⚍ো㣗ೈҢNDMINࠄNDMAX,360ᑺ݅ߚNSECTORϾ᠛ऎ
CYCSOL,0,1,12,'RIGHT' ! ⊶㡖ⳈᕘϞ㡖⚍োҢ1ࠄ1,ᇚ360ᑺߦߚЎ12ӑ,㾦ᑺ䕗ᇣⱘⳈ㒓䖍Ϟ
㡖⚍ᰃ䚼ӊ'RIGHT'
! MACRO, NODAL DIAMETER 0 TO 1, WITH 30 DEG. SECTORS
/OUTPUT ! ݇䯁᭛ӊ䕧ߎ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎ∖㾷῵ഫSOLUTION
! (8) ೼ϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫ,໘⧚乥⥛䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
/POST1 ! 䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
SET,1,1 ! 䇏ܹ㄀1Ͼ㥋䕑ℹ㄀1ᄤℹⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
*GET,F01_1,ACTIVE,,SET,FREQ ! ᦤপ0Ͼ㡖೚ⱘ㄀1䰊乥⥛
SET,1,2 ! 䇏ܹ㄀1Ͼ㥋䕑ℹ㄀2ᄤℹⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
*GET,F02_1,ACTIVE,,SET,FREQ ! ᦤপ0Ͼ㡖೚ⱘ㄀2䰊乥⥛
SET,2,1 ! 䇏ܹ㄀2Ͼ㥋䕑ℹ㄀1ᄤℹⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
*GET,F11_1,ACTIVE,,SET,FREQ ! ᦤপ1Ͼ㡖೚ⱘ㄀1䰊乥⥛
SET,2,2 ! 䇏ܹ㄀2Ͼ㥋䕑ℹ㄀2ᄤℹⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
*GET,F11_2,ACTIVE,,SET,FREQ ! ᦤপ1Ͼ㡖೚ⱘ㄀2䰊乥⥛
SET,2,3 ! 䇏ܹ㄀2Ͼ㥋䕑ℹ㄀3ᄤℹⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
*GET,F12_1,ACTIVE,,SET,FREQ ! ᦤপ1Ͼ㡖೚ⱘ㄀2䰊乥⥛
SET,2,4 ! 䇏ܹ㄀2Ͼ㥋䕑ℹ㄀4ᄤℹⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
*GET,F12_2,ACTIVE,,SET,FREQ ! ᦤপ1Ͼ㡖೚ⱘ㄀2䰊䞡໡ⱘ乥⥛
FINISH ! 䗔ߎৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
! (9) ໘⧚੠ᰒ⼎῵ᗕ
/NOPR ! ݇䯁䕧᭄ܹ᥂ড作੠㾷䞞
/POST1 ! 䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
EXPAND,12 ! ሩᓔᭈϾ12Ͼ᠛ऎ῵ൟⱘ㒧ᵰ
/VIEW,,1,1,1 ! Ң˄1,1,1˅ࠄ˄0,0,0˅ⱘᮍ৥㾖ᆳ῵ൟ
/VUP,1,Z ! 䆒㕂Z䕈ᮍ৥৥Ϟ
/GLINE,,-1 ! ϡᰒ⼎ऩ‫ܗ‬໪䕂ᒧ㒓
/TRIAD,OFF ! ݇䯁തᷛᶊᰒ⼎
SET,1,2 ! 䇏ܹ㄀1Ͼ㥋䕑ℹ㄀2ᄤℹⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
/TITLE, EX9_3(3), STRETCHED CIRCULAR MEMBRANE - NODAL DIAM 0, MODE 2
PLNSOL,U,Z ! ᰒ⼎㒧⚍ԡ⿏ؐUZ
SET,2,2 ! 䇏ܹ㄀1Ͼ㥋䕑ℹ㄀2ᄤℹⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
/TITLE, EX9_3(4), STRETCHED CIRCULAR MEMBRANE - NODAL DIAM 1, MODE 2
PLNSOL,U,Z ! ᰒ⼎㒧⚍ԡ⿏ؐUZ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
! (10) ᅮН᭄㒘ব䞣,ᇚ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰঞ݊Ϣ⧚䆎㾷ⱘ↨ؐ䕧ߎࠄ᭛ᴀ᭛ӊ
*DIM,LABEL,CHAR,4,2 ! ᅮН4ˆ2ᄫヺൟ᭄㒘LABEL
*DIM,VALUE,,4,3 ! ᅮН4ˆ3᭄ؐൟ᭄㒘VALUE
LABEL(1,1) = 'F(0,1) ','F(0,2) ','F(1,1) ','F(1,2)' ! 㒭LABELⱘ㄀1߫䌟ؐ
LABEL(1,2) = 'Hz ','Hz ','Hz ','Hz ' ! 㒭LABELⱘ㄀2߫䌟ؐ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,1),DATA,211.1,484.7,336.5,616.1 ! 㒭VALUEⱘ㄀1߫䌟⧚䆎ؐ

375
 ㄀ゴ㝰ᵓ੠ᅲԧᤃࡼ

*VFILL,VALUE(1,2),DATA,F01_1,F02_1,F11_1,F12_1 ! 㒭VALUEⱘ㄀2߫䌟䅵ㅫؐ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,3),DATA,ABS(F01_1/211.1),ABS(F02_1/484.7),ABS(F11_1/336.5),ABS
(F12_1/616.1) ! 㒭VALUEⱘ㄀3߫䌟䅵ㅫؐϢ⧚䆎ؐⱘ↨ؐ
/COM
/OUT, EX9_3, out ! ᇚ䕧ߎ‫ݙ‬ᆍ䞡ᅮ৥ࠄ᭛ӊEX9_3.out
/COM,------------------- EX9.3 RESULTS COMPARISON -------------
/COM,
/COM, | TARGET | ANSYS | RATIO
/COM,
*VWRITE,LABEL(1,1),LABEL(1,2),VALUE(1,1),VALUE(1,2),VALUE(1,3)
(1X,A8,A8,' ',F11.1,' ',F11.1,' ',1F6.3)
/COM,----------------------------------------------------------
/OUT ! 㒧ᴳ᭄᥂䞡ᅮ৥,݇䯁䕧ߎ᭛ӊ
/DELETE,PRSMEMB,tri
/DELETE,PRSMEMB,emat
/DELETE,PRSMEMB,esav
/DELETE,PRSMEMB,full
/DELETE,PRSMEMB,mode
/DELETE,PRSMEMB,rst
/DELETE,SCRATCH
*LIST, EX9_3, out ! ߫㸼ᰒ⼎᭛ӊEX9_3.outⱘ‫ݙ‬ᆍ

4ˊ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰঞ䅼䆎

߽⫼Ϟ䴶⿟ᑣ䅵ㅫᕫࠄབ㸼9.3᠔⼎ⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰˈ੠⧚䆎㒧ᵰⳌ↨ˈਏড়ⱘ䴲ᐌདDŽ
㸼9.3 㭘㝰ϝ㓈䴲䕈ᇍ⿄ᤃࡼߚᵤⱘࠡ޴䰊乥⥛
ࠡ޴䰊乥⥛ ⧚ 䆎 ؐ ANSYSؐ ↨ ؐ
fo,1 ˄Hz˅ 211.1 212.2 1.000
f0,2 ˄Hz˅ 484.7 491.9 1.000
f1,1 ˄Hz˅ 336.5 339.0 1.000
F1,2 ˄Hz˅ 616.1 629.2 1.000

9.4  㞖䭓ᵓⱘ㞾⬅ᤃࡼ乥⥛

८ᑺt=25.4mmˈᆑᑺ2b=101.6mmˈ䭓ᑺl=406.4mmⱘ 㞖㭘ᵓ˄བ೒9.18᠔⼎˅DŽᏆ
3
ⶹᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣E=207GPaˈ⊞ᵒ↨°=0.3ˈᆚᑺµ=7780.81kg/m ˈ䆩߽⫼ಯ䖍ᔶ໇ऩ‫ܗ‬
SHELL63⹂ᅮ㞾⬅ᤃࡼⱘ㄀1䰊乥⥛DŽ

1ˊ⧚䆎㾷

ḍ᥂᭛⤂[10]㄀338义Ϟ53ᓣˈᵓⱘ㄀1䰊ᤃࡼᰃᔃ᳆ᤃࡼˈ᠔ҹᅗⱘ㄀1䰊乥⥛੠ṕⱘ
㄀1䰊乥⥛ᑨ䆹Ⳍㄝˈे˖

376
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

mm

mm

mm

mm

೒9.18  㞖㭘ᵓ㞾⬅ᤃࡼ῵ൟ⼎ᛣ೒
2
1 EI ⎛ 1.875 ⎞
f1 =
2π ρ A ⎜⎝ l ⎟⎠
݊Ёᡫᔃ᳆߮ᑺ EI = 2bt 3 /12 ˈ A = 2 bt ˈҷ᭄ܹؐˈᕫࠄ˖
2 2
t E ⎛ 1.875 ⎞ 0.0254 207 ×109 ⎛ 1.875 ⎞
f1 = = = 128.12 Hz
2π 12 ρ ⎜⎝ l ⎟⎠ 2 × 3.14159 12 × 7780.81 ⎜⎝ 0.4064 ⎟⎠

2ˊANSYSߚᵤ

ᇚᵓⱘЁ䴶Ϟⱘ㡖⚍ⱘ῾৥ԡ⿏㞾⬅ᑺᣛᅮЎЏ㞾⬅ᑺˈᭈϾᵓ䴶ⱘऩ‫ܗ‬Ꮧ㕂ᰃ⊓ⴔ
Xᮍ৥4Ͼऩ‫ˈܗ‬Yᮍ৥2Ͼऩ‫⊞ˈܗ‬ᵒ↨‫؛‬ᅮЎ䳊DŽᣝ✻೒9.19ᅮН݇䬂⚍੠㒓DŽϟ䴶ᰃᅠ
៤䆹ᤃࡼߚᵤⱘЏ㽕ℹ偸੠䇈ᯢDŽ

mm

೒9.19  㞖㭘ᵓ㞾⬅ᤃࡼ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟ

(1) Շ࿌ٝё༪ົē‫ד‬๥फ໸cӦ၍फ໸cಬШ೴c੦ൟௐࠓ༪ົۤϫॸϵ೴d
⬅Ѣ䖭䞠Փ⫼Ⳉ᥹ᓎ῵ᮍ⊩ˈϡ䳔㽕ᱎ㛑࣪㔥Ḑࡳ㛑ˈ᠔ҹ⫼ੑҸĀSMRT,OFFā݇
䯁ᱎ㛑࣪ࡳ㛑DŽ⫼ߚᵤ㉏ൟᅮНੑҸĀANTYPE,MODALāᣛᅮߚᵤ㉏ൟᰃ῵ᗕߚᵤDŽ⫼
ऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟᅮНੑҸĀET,1,SHELL63āᅮН㄀1㉏ൟऩ‫ܗ‬ᰃ㒧ᵘ໇ऩ‫ܗ‬SHELL63DŽ
⫼ ᅲ ᐌ ᭄ ᅮ Н ੑ Ҹ Ā R,1,25.4e3 ᅮ Н ໇ ԧ८ ᑺЎ 25.4mm DŽ⫼ ῵ ᗕ ߚ ᵤ 䗝 乍 ੑ Ҹ
ĀMXPAND,1ā䆒㕂াሩᓔ㄀1䰊῵ᗕˈ⫼ĀMODOPT,REDUC,2,,,2ā䆒㕂⫼䰡䰊ᮍ⊩ˈሩ
ᓔࠡ2῵ᗕDŽ
⫼ᴤ᭭খ᭄ᅮНੑҸĀMP,EX,1,207e9āᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EX = 207 GPaˈ⫼
3
ĀMP,DENS,1,7780.81āᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᆚᑺDENS = 7780.81 kg/m ˈ⫼ĀMP,NUXY,1,0ā

377
 ㄀ゴ㝰ᵓ੠ᅲԧᤃࡼ

ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨NUXY=0DŽ೼ᴤ᭭খ᭄⊞ᵒ↨ⱘᅮНЁৃҹՓ⫼ĀPRXYā៪㗙
ĀNUXYāˈᇍѢ৘⾡ᓖᗻᴤ᭭ᅗӀߚ߿㸼⼎᳔໻⊞ᵒ↨੠᳔ᇣ⊞ᵒ↨DŽᇍѢϔ㠀ⱘ৘৥ৠ
ᗻᴤ᭭ˈϸ㗙ⱘᛣНᰃㄝӋⱘDŽ
(2) Շ࿌‫ߏڑ‬Ԥcຬēඹ‫ڶ‬ճຬԅӦ၍‫דܣ‬ԄӾပຫ၍੦໸d
⫼݇䬂⚍ᅮНੑҸĀK,1,,50.8e3ā೼തᷛ(0,50.8mm)ᅮН㄀1Ͼ݇䬂⚍ˈ⫼ĀK,2,
406.4e3,50.8e3ā೼തᷛ(406.4mm, 50.8mm) ᅮН㄀2Ͼ݇䬂⚍DŽ⫼݇䬂⚍⫳៤ੑҸ
ĀKGEN, 2,1,2,1,,101.6e3ā䞡໡2⃵ˈҢ݇䬂⚍ 1ࠄ2ˈ๲䞣Ў1ˈ↣Ͼ㡖⚍ⱘYതᷛ๲ࡴ
101.6mmˈ⫳៤㡖⚍3੠㡖⚍4DŽ
⫼ᅮНⳈ㒓ੑҸĀL,1,3ā䖛㡖⚍1੠3ᅮН㒓ˈ⫼ĀL,2,4ā䖛㡖⚍2੠4ᅮН㒓DŽ⫼㒓ऩ
‫ܗ‬ሎᇌᅮНੑҸĀLESIZE,ALL,,,2āᣛᅮ᠔᳝㒓೼ऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬ᰃߦߚЎ2↉DŽ
⫼ᅮН䴶ⱘੑҸ ĀA,1,2,4,3ā䖛݇䬂⚍1ˈ2ˈ3੠4ᅮН䴶DŽ⫼ऩ‫ܗ‬ሎᇌᅮНੑҸ
ĀESIZE,,4ā
ᣛᅮऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬㔥Ḑ᭄ᰃ4ˈ⫼䴶ऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬ੑҸĀAMESH,1āᇍ1ো䴶䖯㸠㔥ḐߦߚDŽ
(3) ༪႔Ψ࠘౨ԅࠋԤēಠަสྭΨ࠘ඨߑd
⫼㡖⚍䗝ᢽੑҸĀNSEL,S,LOC,Y,0ā䗝ᢽ᠔᳝Y=0ԡ㕂໘ⱘ㡖⚍DŽ⫼Џ㞾⬅ᑺᅮНੑ
ҸĀM,ALL,UZāᣛᅮ䗝ᢽ䲚Ёⱘ᠔᳝㡖⚍ⱘUZ㞾⬅ᑺЎЏ㞾⬅ᑺDŽ⫼ĀNSEL, S, LOC, X,
406.4e-3ā䗝ᢽ᠔᳝X=406.4mmԡ㕂໘ⱘ㡖⚍ˈ⫼ĀD,ALL,ALLāᇍ䖭ѯ㡖⚍㑺ᴳ݊᠔᳝
ԡ⿏㞾⬅ᑺDŽ㒣䖛䖭ѯℹ偸ৢˈᕫࠄབ೒9.20᠔⼎ⱘ䅵ㅫ῵ൟDŽ

೒9.20 ߽⫼ԧ㋴ᓎ῵੠㔥Ḑߦߚ⫳៤ⱘ 㞖ᵓ῵ൟ

⫼ĀNSEL,ALLā䗝ᢽ᠔᳝㒧⚍DŽ⫼䕧ߎ䗝乍ੑҸĀOUTPR,ALL,1āᣛᅮ䕧ߎ㄀1䰊῵
ᗕⱘ᠔᳝䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰDŽ
(4) ၽௐࠓ੦ࣖௐࠓ੦ൟ‫ד‬๥d
(5) ඔ௜‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ڴ‬d
⫼䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰᦤপੑҸ Ā*GET,FREQ,MODE,1,FREQāᦤপ㄀1䰊乥⥛ˈ
ֱᄬࠄব䞣FREQDŽ
(6) Շ࿌೴ᆦέ२ēߜ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ރڴ‬ୣူसৢࠓԅΑᄔ೛ѻӾำ·ำߑd

378
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

3ˊANSYS⿟ᑣ
FINISH
/CLEAR, NOSTART ! ⏙䰸᭄᥂,ϡࡴ䕑߱ྟ࣪᭛ӊ
! (1) ᅮНᎹ⿟䗝乍,ߚᵤ㉏ൟǃऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟǃᅲᐌ᭄ǃ῵ᗕ∖㾷䗝乍੠ᴤ᭭খ᭄
/FILENAME, EX9.4 ! ᅮНᎹ⿟᭛ӊৡ⿄ЎEX9.4
/PREP7 ! ࡴ䕑ࠡ໘⧚῵ഫ
SMRT,OFF ! ݇䯁ᱎ㛑࣪㔥Ḑࡳ㛑
/TITLE, EX9.4 , VIBRATION OF A FLAT PLATE
C*** VIBRATION PROBS. IN ENGR., TIMOSHENKO, 3RD. ED., PAGE 338, ART. 53
C*** USING SHELL63 ELEMENTS WITH SHELL OPTION
ANTYPE,MODAL ! ᣛᅮߚᵤ㉏ൟᰃ῵ᗕߚᵤ
ET,1,SHELL63 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ൟऩ‫ܗ‬ᰃ㒧ᵘ໇ऩ‫ܗ‬SHELL63
R,1,25.4e-3 ! ᅮН໇ԧ८ᑺ Thickness = 25.4 mm
MXPAND,1 ! ሩᓔ㄀1䰊῵ᗕ
MODOPT,REDUC,2,,,2 ! ᠧॄ᠔᳝Ԣ䰊῵ᗕ
MP,EX,1,207e9 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣ЎEX = 207 GPa
MP,DENS,1,7780.81 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᆚᑺDENS = 7780.81 kg/m^3
MP,NUXY,1,0 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨0
! (2) ᅮН݇䬂⚍ǃ㒓,䗮䖛ᇍ㒓ⱘऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬ᕫࠄ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟ
K,1,,-50.8e-3 ! ೼തᷛ(0,-50.8mm)ᅮН㄀1Ͼ݇䬂⚍
K,2,406.4e-3,-50.8e-3 ! ೼തᷛ(406.4mm,-50.8mm)ᅮН㄀2Ͼ݇䬂⚍
KGEN,2,1,2,1,,101.6e-3 ! 䞡໡2⃵,Ң݇䬂⚍1ࠄ2,๲䞣Ў1,↣Ͼ㡖⚍ⱘYതᷛ๲ࡴ101.6mm,
⫳៤㡖⚍3੠㡖⚍4
L,1,3 ! 䖛㡖⚍1੠3ᅮН㒓
L,2,4 ! 䖛㡖⚍2੠4ᅮН㒓
LESIZE,ALL,,,2 ! ᣛᅮ᠔᳝㒓೼ऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬ᰃߦߚЎ2៾
A,1,2,4,3 ! 䖛㡖⚍1,2,3੠4ᅮН䴶
ESIZE,,4 ! ᣛᅮऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬㔥Ḑ᭄ᰃ4
AMESH,1 ! ᇍ1ো䴶䖯㸠㔥Ḑߦߚ
! (3) 䗝ᢽ䖍⬠Ϟⱘ㡖⚍,ᮑࡴԡ⿏䖍⬠ᴵӊ
/PNUM, NODE, 1 ! ᠧᓔ㡖⚍োᰒ⼎
NSEL,S,LOC,Y,0 ! 䗝ᢽ᠔᳝Y˙0ԡ㕂໘ⱘ㡖⚍
M,ALL,UZ ! ᣛᅮ䗝ᢽ䲚Ёⱘ᠔᳝㡖⚍ⱘUZ㞾⬅ᑺЎЏ㞾⬅ᑺ
NSEL,S,LOC,X,406.4e-3 ! 䗝ᢽ᠔᳝X˙406.4mmԡ㕂໘ⱘ㡖⚍
D,ALL,ALL ! 㑺ᴳ䗝ᢽ䲚Ё᠔᳝㡖⚍ⱘԡ⿏㞾⬅ᑺ
NSEL,ALL ! 䗝ᢽ᠔᳝㒧⚍
OUTPR,ALL,1 ! ᣛᅮ䕧ߎ㄀1䰊῵ᗕⱘ᠔᳝䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
/REPLOT ! 䞡ᮄ㒬ࠊ῵ൟ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎࠡ໘⧚῵ഫPREP7
! (4) ೼∖㾷῵ഫ∖㾷῵ᗕߚᵤ
/SOLU ! ࡴ䕑∖㾷῵ഫ
SOLVE ! ᓔྟ䖯㸠῵ᗕߚᵤⱘ∖㾷
! (5) ᦤপ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ

379
 ㄀ゴ㝰ᵓ੠ᅲԧᤃࡼ

*GET,FREQ,MODE,1,FREQ ! ᦤপ㄀1䰊乥⥛,ֱᄬࠄব䞣FREQЁ
! (6) ᅮН᭄㒘ব䞣,ᇚ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰঞ݊Ϣ⧚䆎㾷ⱘ↨ؐ䕧ߎࠄ᭛ᴀ᭛ӊ
*DIM,LABEL,CHAR,1,2 ! ᅮН1ˆ2ᄫヺൟ᭄㒘LABEL
*DIM,VALUE,,1,3 ! ᅮН1ˆ3᭄ؐൟ᭄㒘VALUE
LABEL(1,1) = ' f, ' ! 㒭LABELⱘ㄀1߫䌟ؐ
LABEL(1,2) = 'Hz ' ! 㒭LABELⱘ㄀2߫䌟ؐ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,1),DATA,128.12 ! 㒭VALUEⱘ㄀1߫䌟⧚䆎ؐ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,2),DATA,FREQ ! 㒭VALUEⱘ㄀2߫䌟䅵ㅫؐ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,3),DATA,ABS(FREQ/128.12) ! 㒭VALUEⱘ㄀3߫䌟䅵ㅫؐϢ⧚䆎ؐⱘ↨ؐ
/COM
/OUT, EX9_4 , out ! ᇚ䕧ߎ‫ݙ‬ᆍ䞡ᅮ৥ࠄ᭛ӊEX9_4.out
/COM,------------------- EX9.4 RESULTS COMPARISON --------------
/COM,
/COM, | TARGET | ANSYS | RATIO
/COM,
*VWRITE,LABEL(1,1),LABEL(1,2),VALUE(1,1),VALUE(1,2),VALUE(1,3)
(1X,A8,A8,' ',F10.2,' ',F10.2,' ',1F5.3)
/COM,----------------------------------------------------------
/OUT ! 㒧ᴳ᭄᥂䞡ᅮ৥,݇䯁䕧ߎ᭛ӊ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎ∖㾷῵ഫSOLUTION
*LIST, EX9_4 , out ! ߫㸼ᰒ⼎᭛ӊEX9_4.outⱘ‫ݙ‬ᆍ

4ˊ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰঞ䅼䆎

߽⫼Ϟ䴶⿟ᑣ䅵ㅫᕫࠄབ㸼9.4᠔⼎ⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰˈ੠⧚䆎ؐⳌ↨ਏড়ᕜདDŽ
㸼9.4  㞖ᵓ㞾⬅ᤃࡼⱘ㄀1䰊乥⥛㒧ᵰ
乥⥛ ⧚䆎ؐ Ansysؐ ↨ؐ
㄀1䰊乥⥛f1 ˄Hz˅ 128.12 128.47 1.003

9.5  㞖ᆑᵓⱘ῵ᗕߚᵤ
८ᑺᰃ30mmˈᆑᑺᰃ500mmⱘ 㞖ᆑᵓˈ䭓ᑺᰃ60mm˄བ೒9.21᠔⼎˅DŽᏆⶹᴤ᭭
ⱘᆚᑺᰃ7800kg/m3 ˈᔍᗻ῵䞣207MPaˈ⊞ᵒ↨0.33DŽ䆩߽⫼໇ऩ‫ܗ‬SHELL63⹂ᅮ䆹㒧ᵘ㞾
⬅ᤃࡼⱘ乥⥛DŽ

1ˊ⧚䆎㾷

ᔧᵓⱘ㄀1䰊ᤃࡼᰃᔃ᳆ᤃࡼᯊˈᅗⱘ㄀1䰊乥⥛੠ṕⱘ㄀1䰊乥⥛ᑨ䆹Ⳍㄝˈ᠔ҹ˖
2
1 EI ⎛ 1.875 ⎞
f1 =
2π ρ A ⎜⎝ l ⎟⎠
3
݊Ёᡫᔃ᳆߮ᑺEI=2bt /12ˈA=2btˈҷ᭄ܹؐˈᕫࠄ˖

380
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

2 2
t E ⎛ 1.875 ⎞ 0.030 207 ×10 9 ⎛ 1.875 ⎞
f1 = ⎜ ⎟ = ⎜ ⎟ = 1733 .52 Hz
2π 12 ρ ⎝ a ⎠ 2 × 3.14159 12 × 7800 ⎝ 0.120 ⎠
བᵰ䖭Ͼᆑᵓ㄀1䰊㞾⬅ᤃࡼᯊᔃ᳆ᤃࡼⱘ䆱ˈᅗⱘ㄀1䰊乥⥛ᑨ䆹Ў1733.52HzDŽ

2ˊANSYSߚᵤ

䖭Ͼᆑᵓⱘ޴ԩᔶ⢊䴲ᐌ㾘߭ˈ᠔ҹৃҹᕜᆍᯧഄ⫼㡖⚍੠ऩ‫᥹Ⳉⱘܗ‬ᓎ῵ᴹᅲ⦄῵
ൟⱘᓎゟDŽ⊓ⴔ䭓䖍ᮍ৥䆒㕂11Ͼ㡖⚍ˈ঺ϔϾᮍ৥䆒㕂ϸ߫ऩ‫ܗ‬DŽЎњ㡖⚍੠ऩ‫ܗ‬㓪ো
ᮍ֓ˈ䆒㕂བ೒9.22᠔⼎ⱘ㡖⚍੠ऩ‫ܗ‬Ꮧ㕂ᮍḜˈ݊ЁᎺ䖍1োࠄ11ো㡖⚍ܼ䚼೎ᅮDŽᣝ✻
ϟ䴶ℹ偸ᅠ៤ᇍ䆹῵ൟⱘᓎ῵੠῵ᗕߚᵤ䅵ㅫˈ᳔ৢ㒭ߎࠡ5䰊乥⥛੠῵ᗕDŽ

mm

mm

೒9.21 ㄝ८ᑺ 㞖㭘ᆑᵓ㞾⬅ᤃࡼ῵ൟ ೒9.22  㞖㭘ᆑᵓ㞾⬅ᤃࡼ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟ

(1) Շ࿌ٝё༪ົcӦ၍फ໸cϫॸϵ೴ۤಬШ೴d
⫼ऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟᅮНੑҸĀET, 1, SHELL63āᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬Ў໇ऩ‫ܗ‬SHELL63DŽ⫼ᴤ᭭খ
᭄ᅮНੑҸĀMP, EX, 1, 2.07e11āᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EX=207 GPaˈ⫼ĀMP, DENS,
3
1, 7800āᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᆚᑺDENS=7800 kg/m ˈ⫼ĀMP, NUXY, 1, 0.33āᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ
᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨NUXY=0.33DŽ⫼ᅲᐌ᭄ᅮНੑҸĀR, 1, 0.03āᅮНऩ‫ⱘܗ‬㄀1㉏ᅲᐌ᭄˖८ᑺЎ
30mmDŽ
(2) Շ࿌ࠋԤสᄢd
⫼㡖⚍ԡ㕂ᅮНੑҸĀN, 1, 0, 0.06ā೼˄0,60mm˅ᅮН1ো㒧⚍ˈ೼˄500mm,60mm˅
ᅮН11ো㒧⚍DŽ⫼㡖⚍฿‫ܙ‬ੑҸĀFILL, 1, 11ā฿‫⫳ܙ‬៤1ࠄ11ো㒧⚍Ё䯈ⱘ᠔᳝㒧⚍DŽ⫼
ĀN, 21, 0, 0ā೼˄0,0˅ᅮН21ো㒧⚍ˈ೼˄500mm,0˅ᅮН31ো㒧⚍ˈ⫼ĀFILL, 21, 31ā
฿‫⫳ܙ‬៤21ࠄ31ো㒧⚍Ё䯈ⱘ᠔᳝㒧⚍DŽ
⫼ĀN, 41, 0, 0.06ā೼˄0, 60mm˅ᅮН41ো㒧⚍ˈ೼˄500mm,60mm˅ᅮН51ো㒧⚍DŽ
⫼ĀFILL, 41, 51ā฿‫⫳ܙ‬៤41ࠄ51ো㒧⚍Ё䯈ⱘ᠔᳝㒧⚍DŽ
(3) Շ࿌Ӧ၍d
⫼ऩ‫ܗ‬ᅮНੑҸĀE, 1, 2, 22, 21ā䖛㒧⚍1,2,22੠21ᅮН㄀1Ͼऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ⫼ऩ‫⫳ܗ‬៤ੑҸ
ĀEGEN, 10, 1, 1āᣝ㄀1Ͼऩ‫ⱘܗ‬㓪ো㾘߭⫳៤10⃵ˈᕫࠄ1ࠄ10ऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ⫼ĀEGEN, 2, 20, 1, 10ā

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ᣝ㄀1ऩ‫ࠄܗ‬㄀10Ͼऩ‫ⱘܗ‬㓪ো῵ᓣ⫳៤2⃵ˈ๲䞣Ў20ˈᕫࠄ11ࠄ20ऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ
(4) ࠩదௐࠓ੦ࣖēᄗՇௐࠓ༪ົۤสྭၟ೯‫܊‬ௐࠓd
⫼ߚᵤ㉏ൟᅮНੑҸĀANTYPE,MODAL ā⬇ᯢ∖㾷㉏ൟᰃ῵ᗕߚᵤDŽ⫼῵ᗕߚᵤ
䗝乍ᅮНੑҸĀMODOPT,LANB,5,0,0,,OFF,,2ā䆒㕂Փ⫼ߚഫLanczosᮍ⊩∖㾷ࠡ5䰊ᤃൟ੠
乥⥛DŽ
⫼ԡ⿏㑺ᴳੑҸĀD, 1, ALL, 0, 0, 11, 1ā೎ᅮ1ো㒧⚍ⱘ᠔᳝㞾⬅ᑺˈ⫼๲䞣1ᕾ⦃ࠄ
11ˈ⫳៤1ࠄ11ো݅11Ͼ೎ᅮ⚍DŽ㒣䖛䖭ѯℹ偸ᕫࠄབ೒9.23᠔⼎ⱘ䅵ㅫ῵ൟDŽ

೒9.23 ߽⫼㡖⚍੠ऩ‫᥹Ⳉⱘܗ‬ᓎ῵⫳៤ⱘ ຕᆑᵓ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟ

᳔ৢ⫼∖㾷ĀSOLVEāੑҸˈ∖㾷ᕫࠄ৘䰊῵ᗕDŽ
(5) ၽ‫҉܊‬स੦ࣖᄯēඔ௜଴৑‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ڴ‬ē෍໹ມವۤՎ‫ܢ‬ມವ੦ൟd
⫼ĀPOST1āੑ䖯ܹৢ໘⧚῵ഫৢˈ佪‫ৃܜ‬ҹ⫼߫ߎ᠔᳝㥋䕑ℹ㒧ᵰੑҸĀSET, LISTā
ᶹⳟ䅵ㅫߎⱘ᠔᳝ࠡ5䰊乥⥛ؐˈᕫࠄབ೒9.24᠔⼎にষDŽ

೒9.24 ⫼SETੑҸ㦋ᕫࠡ5䰊乥⥛䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ

⫼㾚⚍ᅮНੑҸĀ/VIEW,1,1,1,1āߛᤶ1োにষⱘ㾚⚍ ࠄㄝ䕈⌟˄1,1,1˅ᮍ৥DŽ⫼
ĀSET,FIRSTā䇏ܹ㄀1䰊῵ᗕ᭄᥂ˈ⫼೒ᔶᰒ⼎ੑҸĀPLDISP,1ā೼೒ᔶにষᰒ⼎㒧ᵘⱘ
㄀1䰊ᤃൟ˄བ೒9.24᠔⼎˅DŽੑҸĀPLDISPāЁⱘখ᭄Ā1ā㸼⼎⫼㰮㒓㒬ࠊॳᴹ῵ൟDŽ

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⫼ĀSET,Nextā䇏ܹϟϔ䰊ᤃൟ᭄᥂˄Փ⫼໮⃵ৃҹձ⃵ᕫࠄ৘䰊ᤃൟ੠乥⥛˅ˈ೒9.25
㟇೒9.29ߚ߿ᰃ߽⫼䆹ᮍ⊩ᕫࠄⱘ㄀1䰊㟇㄀5䰊῵ᗕDŽ

೒9.25  ຕᆑᵓ㄀1䰊ᔃ᳆ᤃࡼ῵ᗕ ೒9.26  ຕᆑᵓ㄀2䰊ᤃࡼ῵ᗕ

೒9.27  ຕᆑᵓ㄀3䰊ᤃࡼ῵ᗕ ೒9.28  ຕᆑᵓ㄀4䰊ᤃࡼ῵ᗕ

೒9.29  ຕᆑᵓ㄀5䰊ᤃࡼ῵ᗕ

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⫼ࡼ⬏ᰒ⼎ੑҸĀANMODE,10,0.05āᣝ✻10ᏻ↣䱨0.05⾦䩳ⱘࡼ⬏ᰒ⼎ᤃൟDŽࡼ⬏ᰒ
⼎ᰃϔϾ೒ᔶᰒ⼎䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ䴲ᐌ᳝ᬜⱘᮍ⊩ˈৃҹᰒ⼎ⱘ䰸њᤃൟˈ䖬᳝বᔶ䖛⿟ˈᑨ࡯
ব࣪䖛⿟ㄝㄝDŽ೒9.30᠔⼎ህᰃ䖭হࡼ⬏ੑҸᠻ㸠ৢⱘᚙ‫⬏ࡼˈމ‬ੑҸᇚ⫳៤AVIḐᓣⱘࡼ
⬏᭛ӊDŽ೼ࡼ⬏᭛ӊ⫳៤ৢANIMATEࡼ⬏᪁ᬒ⿟ᑣ㞾ࡼਃࡼˈߎ⦄೒9.30Ёⱘᇣࡼ⬏᪁ᬒ
にষDŽ೼䖭Ͼ᪁ᬒにষϞˈৃҹ䆒㕂᪁ᬒ䗳ᑺˈऩ৥᪁ᬒ䖬ᰃᕾ⦃᪁ᬒㄝ䗝乍ˈ᥻ࠊࡼ⬏
᪁ᬒᓔྟˈ᱖‫ˈذ‬ϟϔᏻㄝ᥻ࠊDŽ೒ᔶにষЁⱘᵓ᳝њᅲ䰙८ᑺˈ䖭ᰃ೼ĀUtility -> PlotCtrls
-> Style -> Size and Shape …āにষЁˈ䗮䖛䆒㕂Ā˷/ESHAPE˹āЎĀONāᴹᅲ⦄ⱘDŽ䆹
䗝乍⫼Ѣ᥻ࠊ೼ᰒ⼎ϔ㓈ऩ‫˄ܗ‬ᴚLINKˈṕBEAMˈㅵPIPEㄝ˅੠Ѡ㓈ऩ‫˄ܗ‬ᵓ໇SHELL˅
ᯊˈᰃ৺ᰒ⼎ᅗⱘ៾䴶⡍ᕕDŽ݊៾䴶⡍ᕕᰒ⼎ᯊˈ䖬ৃҹ䆒㕂䆹にষЁⱘᬒ໻㋏᭄SCALE
ᴹᅲ⦄ᇍ៾䴶⡍ᕕⱘ༌໻ˈ៪㗙㓽ᇣDŽ
ϟ䴶ⱘANSYSҷⷕЁⱘ㄀˄5˅↉ˈ䖲㓁ᠻ㸠ৢˈձℸᰒ⼎њ㄀1䰊῵ᗕ੠㄀2䰊῵ᗕ
ৢˈⳈ᥹ߛᤶࠄࡼ⬏᪁ᬒにষˈ䇏㗙೼ᭈϾ᭛ӊ䖲㓁ᠻ㸠ৢˈা㛑ⳟࠄ᳔ৢⱘ㄀2䰊῵ᗕⱘ
ࡼ⬏ᰒ⼎˄བ೒9.30᠔⼎˅DŽབᵰ䇏㗙䳔㽕њ㾷݊Ҫ῵ᗕⱘᚙ‫ˈމ‬䳔㽕೼ੑҸ㸠䕧ܹĀSet,1,Nā
ᴹᣛᅮ䗝ᢽ㄀N䰊῵ᗕˈ✊ৢ߽⫼PLDISP ੑҸህৃҹᰒ⼎῵ᗕњDŽ‫ݡ‬ᠻ㸠ĀANMODE,
10,0.05āህৃҹ⫳៤䆹῵ᗕⱘࡼ⬏᭛ӊњDŽ
䳔㽕䇈ᯢⱘᰃˈࡼ⬏⫳៤Пࠡˈ䳔㽕䗝ᢽાϔ䰊῵ᗕˈᑊՓ⫼PLDISPᰒ⼎䴭ᗕⱘ῵ᗕ
ৢˈᠡৃҹᠻ㸠ࡼ⬏⫳៤ੑҸANMODEDŽ

೒9.30 ߽⫼ࡼ⬏㾖ᆳ῵ᗕ䱣ᯊ䯈ⱘব࣪

3ˊANSYS⿟ᑣ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎҹࠡ῵ഫ
/CLEAR,NOSTART ! ⏙䰸‫ݙ‬ᄬЁⱘ᠔᭄᳝᥂,ϡ䇏ܹ߱ྟ࣪᭛ӊ
! (1) ᅮНᎹ⿟䗝乍ǃऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟǃᴤ᭭খ᭄੠ᅲᐌ᭄
/FILNAME, EX9.5 ! ᅮН᭛ӊৡ⿄EX9.5
/UNITS,SI ! Փ⫼೑䰙ࠊऩԡ
/TITLE, EX9.5 ,Vibration Analysis of Cantilever Plate.

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/PREP7 ! 䖯ܹࠡ໘⧚῵ഫPREP7
ET, 1, SHELL63 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬Ў໇ऩ‫ܗ‬SHELL63
MP, EX, 1, 2.07e11 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EX=207 GPa
MP, DENS, 1, 7800 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᆚᑺDENS=7800 kg/m^3
MP, NUXY, 1, 0.33 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨NUXY=0.33
R, 1, 0.03 ! ᅮНऩ‫ⱘܗ‬㄀1㉏ᅲᐌ᭄:८ᑺЎ30mm
! (2) ᅮН㡖⚍ԡ㕂
N, 1, 0, -0.06 ! ೼˄0,60mm˅ᅮН1ো㒧⚍
N, 11, 0.5, -0.06 ! ೼˄500mm,60mm˅ᅮН11ো㒧⚍
FILL, 1, 11 ! ฿‫⫳ܙ‬៤1ࠄ11ো㒧⚍Ё䯈ⱘ᠔᳝㒧⚍
N, 21, 0, 0 ! ೼˄0,0˅ᅮН21ো㒧⚍
N, 31, 0.5, 0 ! ೼˄500mm,0˅ᅮН31ো㒧⚍
FILL, 21, 31 ! ฿‫⫳ܙ‬៤21ࠄ31ো㒧⚍Ё䯈ⱘ᠔᳝㒧⚍
N, 41, 0, 0.06 ! ೼˄0,60mm˅ᅮН41ো㒧⚍
N, 51, 0.5, 0.06 ! ೼˄500mm,60mm˅ᅮН51ো㒧⚍
FILL, 41, 51 ! ฿‫⫳ܙ‬៤41ࠄ51ো㒧⚍Ё䯈ⱘ᠔᳝㒧⚍
! (3) ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬
E, 1, 2, 22, 21 ! ⫼㒧⚍1,2,22,21ᅮН㄀1Ͼऩ‫ܗ‬
EGEN, 10, 1, 1 ! ᣝ㄀1Ͼऩ‫ⱘܗ‬㓪ো㾘߭⫳៤10⃵,ᕫࠄ1ࠄ10ऩ‫ܗ‬
EGEN, 2, 20, 1, 10 ! ᣝ㄀1ऩ‫ࠄܗ‬㄀10Ͼऩ‫ⱘܗ‬㓪ো῵ᓣ⫳៤2⃵,๲䞣Ў20,ᕫࠄ11ࠄ20ऩ‫ܗ‬
FINISH ! 䗔ߎࠡ໘⧚῵ഫ/PREP7
! (4) 䖯ܹ∖㾷῵ഫ,ᣛᅮ∖㾷䗝乍੠ԡ⿏㑺ᴳৢ∖㾷
/SOLU ! 䖯ܹ∖㾷῵ഫSOLUTION
ANTYPE, MODAL ! ⬇ᯢ∖㾷㉏ൟᰃ῵ᗕߚᵤ
MODOPT,LANB,5,0,0, ,OFF, ,2 ! Փ⫼ߚഫLanczosᮍ⊩∖㾷ࠡ5䰊ᤃൟ੠乥⥛
D, 1, ALL, 0, 0, 11, 1 ! ೎ᅮ1ো㒧⚍,⫼๲䞣1ᕾ⦃ࠄ11,⫳៤1ࠄ11ো݅11Ͼ೎ᅮ⚍
SOLVE ! ᓔྟ῵ᗕߚᵤⱘ∖㾷
FINISH ! 䗔ߎৢ῵ഫ
! (5) ೼ৢ໘⧚῵ഫЁ,೒ᔶᰒ⼎੠ࡼ⬏ᰒ⼎῵ᗕ
/POST1 ! 䖯ܹৢ໘⧚῵ഫPOST1
SET, LIST ! ߫ߎ৘䰊乥⥛䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
/VIEW,1,1,1,1 ! ߛᤶࠄㄝ䕈⌟˄1,1,1˅ᮍ৥
SET,FIRST ! 䇏ܹ㄀1䰊῵ᗕ᭄᥂
PLDISP,1 ! ೼೒ᔶにষᰒ⼎㒧ᵘᤃൟ
SET,Next ! 䇏ܹϟϔ䰊ᤃൟ᭄᥂,Փ⫼໮⃵ৃҹձ⃵ᕫࠄ৘䰊ᤃൟ੠乥⥛
PLDISP,1 ! ೼೒ᔶにষᰒ⼎㒧ᵘᤃൟ
ANMODE,10,0.05 ! ⫼10ᏻ↣䱨0.05⾦䩳ⱘࡼ⬏ᰒ⼎ᤃൟ
FINISH

4ˊ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ੠䅼䆎

䗮䖛ҹϞ⿟ᑣ㒭ߎњᵓⱘ৘䰊ᤃࡼ乥⥛੠῵ᗕˈҢ㄀1䰊῵ᗕৃҹⳟߎˈᅗᰃᔃ᳆ൟᤃ
ࡼˈ᠔ҹ㄀1䰊乥⥛1830.2 Hzᑨ䆹੠ᅗⱘ⧚䆎ؐ1733.52Hzϔ㟈DŽᅗӀϸϾП䯈ⱘ↨ؐㄝѢ
1.056ˈ䇈ᯢ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬䅵ㅫߎⱘ乥⥛㒧ᵰ‫أ‬໻5.6%DŽ䖭ᰃ಴Ў䖭䞠೼ᔃ᳆ᮍ৥ⱘऩ‫ܗ‬᭄໾ᇥњˈ

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া᳝2Ͼⱘ㓬ᬙDŽབᵰ೼ᔃ᳆ᮍ৥ⱘऩ‫ܗ‬᭄๲ࡴˈᏂ߿Ӯ䖙䗳‫ޣ‬ᇣDŽ

9.6 ೎ᬃ೚ᵓⱘ㞾⬅ᤃࡼ
ञᕘa=431.8mmˈ८ᑺt=12.7mmⱘ4䖍།㋻ⱘ೚ᵓ˄བ೒9.31᠔⼎˅DŽᏆⶹᴤ᭭ᆚᑺµ=7801.6kg/m3ˈᔍᗻ
῵䞣E=207Gpaˈ⊞ᵒ↨°=0.3DŽ䆩߽⫼ᑇ䴶䕈ᇍ⿄ᑨ࡯ऩ‫ܗ‬PLANE2⹂ᅮ㞾⬅ᤃࡼࣙ৿1Ͼ㟇3Ͼ㡖೚˄ࣙ
ᣀ䖍⬠Ϟ˅ⱘ䕈ᇍ⿄ᤃࡼⱘ乥⥛fns(n=0),˄s=1,2,3˅DŽ

y y

x
x
a a=431.8mm

z t=12.7mm

೒9.31 ೎ᬃ೚ᵓ㞾⬅ᤃࡼ῵ൟ⼎ᛣ೒ ೒9.32 ೎ᬃ೚ᵓ㞾⬅ᤃࡼ䕈ᇍ⿄᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟ

1ˊ⧚䆎㾷

ḍ᥂᭛⤂[19]㄀241义ᮍ⿟3ˈ೚ᔶ㭘ᵓ㞾⬅ᤃࡼⱘ೚乥⥛䖥Ԑ݀ᓣЎ˖
α gD
pns = ns2
a γh
݊Ёˈ a ᰃ೚ᵓⱘञᕘˈ D = Eh 3 /12/(1 − μ 2 ) ᰃᔃ᳆߮ᑺˈ h ᰃᵓⱘ८ᑺˈ γ ᰃᴤ᭭ⱘ↨
䞡DŽ乥⥛㋏᭄ α ns ᰃ੠䖍⬠ᴵӊ੠ᤃൟ᳝݇ⱘᐌ᭄ˈ݊Ё n 㸼⼎䖛Ⳉᕘⱘ㡖㒓᭄ˈ s 㸼⼎㡖
೚᭄DŽᤃࡼᔶ⢊ৃҹᰃ⦃ᔶᇍ⿄ᤃൟ˄ n = 0 ˅ˈ៪㗙䖛Ⳉᕘⱘ㡖㒓ডᇍ⿄ᤃൟˈ䛑ৃҹ⬅ n, s
ᴹ⹂ᅮDŽ䕈ᇍ⿄ⱘ᳔Ԣⱘࠡ3䰊乥⥛ᇍᑨѢ˄0ˈ1˅ˈ˄0ˈ2˅੠˄0ˈ3˅ˈᅗӀⱘ乥⥛㋏
᭄ α ns ߚ߿ᰃ˖10.21ˈ39.78੠88.90DŽᇚ᭄ؐҷܹࠄϞ䴶ⱘ乥⥛݀ᓣˈᕫࠄ˖
D = Eh 3 /12/(1 − μ 2 ) = 207× 10 9 × 0.0127 3 /12/(1 − 0.3 2 ) = 38829 Ngm
pns 1 10.21 38829
f01 = = × = 173.17 Hz
H
2π 2 × 3.14159 0.431 7801.6 × 0.0127
2

1 39.78 38829
f02 = × = 674.7 Hz
2 × 3.14159 0.431 7801.6 × 0.0127
2

1 88.90 38829
f01 = × = 1507.8 Hz
2 × 3.14159 0.4312 7801.6 × 0.0127

2ˊANSYSߚᵤ

೚ᵓⱘ䕈ᇍ⿄ᤃࡼˈЏ㽕ᓩ䍋ⱘᰃᔃ᳆বᔶˈ᠔ҹ೼䕈ᇍ⿄ⱘ῾ᮁ䴶Ϟˈ㸼⦄Ў῾৥
ⱘԡ⿏ব࣪DŽ⬅Ѣ䖭Ͼᵓᰃ4䖍೎ᬃⱘ೚ᵓˈ೼໪ೈ䖍⬠໘ⱘ᠔᳝㡖⚍೎ᅮˈЁᖗ໘ⱘ㡖⚍
ৃҹϞϟ䖤ࡼˈϡ㛑⊓ⴔञᕘᮍ৥⿏ࡼˈ᠔ҹ䆒㕂њབ೒9.32᠔⼎ⱘԡ⿏㑺ᴳDŽ߽⫼ᑇ䴶

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䕈ᇍ⿄ऩ‫ܗ‬PLANE2ˈ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟᰃᇚᵓ⊓ⴔ८ᑺࠪߚЎᅲԧᴹ䅵ㅫDŽ䖭䞠Փ⫼TotalੑҸ
㞾ࡼ䗝ᢽњ9ϾЏ㞾⬅ᑺˈҹ‫ޣ‬ᇥᘏ㞾⬅ᑺ᭄DŽᓎゟ῵ൟ੠∖㾷ⱘЏ㽕䖛⿟བϟ˖
(1) ಁᄢٝё༪ົcӦ၍फ໸cϫॸϵ೴d
⫼ऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟᅮНੑҸĀET,1,PLANE2,,,1āᅮНՓ⫼䕈ᇍ⿄ᑇ䴶ऩ‫ܗ‬PLANE2 DŽᴀᴹ
PLANE2ᰃᑇ䴶ऩ‫ˈܗ‬䰘ࡴ᳔ৢϔϾখ᭄Ā1ā㸼⼎Փ⫼䕈ᇍ⿄ᑇ䴶ऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ
⫼ᴤ᭭খ᭄ᅮНੑҸĀMP,EX,1,207E9āᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EX=207 GPaˈ⫼
ĀMP,PRXY,,0.3āᅮН㄀1㉏ൟᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨ЎPRXY=0.3ˈ䖭䞠ⳕ⬹њ咬䅸খ᭄Ā1āˈ⫼
3
ĀMP,DENS,1,7801.6āᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᆚᑺDENS = 7801.6 kg/m DŽ
(2) Շ࿌‫ߏڑ‬Ԥcຬۤੋēωߜੋ‫דܣ‬นੋӦ၍d
⫼݇䬂⚍ᅮНੑҸĀK,1ā೼തᷛॳ⚍(0,0,0)ᅮН㄀1Ͼ݇䬂⚍DŽANSYSЁ䕧ܹĀ0āؐ
ৃҹⳕ⬹ˈ䖭䞠ⳕ⬹њ᠔᳝ⱘĀ0āؐDŽ⫼ĀK,2,0.4318ā೼തᷛ(0.4318m,0)ᅮН㄀2Ͼ݇䬂
⚍DŽ✊ৢ⫼݇䬂⚍⫳៤ੑҸĀKGEN,2,1,2,1,,0.0127āᕾ⦃2⃵ˈᣝ✻㡖⚍1ࠄ㡖⚍2ⱘതᷛ㣗
ೈˈYതᷛ๲ࡴ12.7mm⫳៤3ো੠4ো݇䬂⚍DŽ
⫼ᅮН㒓ੑҸĀL,1,2ā䖛݇䬂⚍1,2ᅮНⳈ㒓ˈ⫼ĀL,3,4ā䖛݇䬂⚍3,4ᅮНⳈ㒓DŽ⫼
㒓ऩ‫ܗ‬ሎᇌᅮНੑҸĀLESIZE,ALL,,,10āᣛᅮ᠔᳝ⱘ㒓೼ߦߚऩ‫ܗ‬ᯊˈߦߚЎ10↉DŽ⫼ऩ
‫ܗ‬ሎᇌᅮНੑҸĀESIZE,,1āᣛᅮ䴶ऩ‫ܗ‬ሎᇌЎߦߚЎ1↉DŽ
⫼ᅮН䴶ੑҸĀA,1,2,4,3ā䖛㡖⚍1ˈ2ˈ3੠4ᅮН䴶DŽ䖛݇䬂⚍ᅮН䴶ⱘੑҸЁˈ݇
䬂⚍Ͼ᳔᭄໮ৃҹ᳝18Ͼˈ᳔ᇥᔧ✊ᰃ3ϾDŽ⫼䴶ऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬ੑҸĀAMESH,1āᇍ1ো䴶䖯㸠
䴶ऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬DŽ
(3) ༪႔Ψ࠘ࠋԤēಠަสྭၟ೯d
⫼㡖⚍䗝ᢽੑҸĀNSEL,R,LOC,X,0ā䞡ᮄ䗝ᢽԡѢX=0ⱘ㡖⚍ˈ䖭䞠ĀRā㸼⼎䞡ᮄ
䗝ᢽ˄Reselect˅ⱘᛣᗱDŽ⫼ᮑࡴԡ⿏㑺ᴳੑҸĀD,ALL,UXāᇍ᠔᳝㡖⚍ⱘXᮍ৥ԡ⿏ᮑ
ࡴԡ⿏㑺ᴳUX=0ˈ䖭䞠ⱘĀALLāᔧࠡ䗝ᢽ䲚Ёⱘ᠔᳝㡖⚍DŽ⫼ĀNSEL,ALLā䗝ᢽ᠔᳝
㒧⚍DŽ
⫼㒭݇䬂⚍ԡ⿏㑺ᴳⱘੑҸĀDK,2,ALL,,,1ā㑺ᴳ2ো݇䬂⚍ⱘ᠔᳝㞾⬅ᑺˈখ᭄Ā1ā
ⱘ৿Нᰃᇚ݊ᷛ䆚Ў㑺ᴳሩᓔDŽ⫼ĀDK,4,UX,,,1ā㑺ᴳ4ো݇䬂⚍ⱘUX㞾⬅ᑺˈᑊᇚ݊ᷛ
䆚Ў㑺ᴳሩᓔDŽ
(4) ᄗՇௐࠓफ໸ۤௐࠓֺ֥‫܊‬ēࢗಳ੦ൟ‫ד‬๥ԅௐࠓd
⫼ߚᵤ㉏ൟᅮНੑҸĀANTYPE,MODALāᣛᅮߚᵤ㉏ൟЎ῵ᗕߚᵤDŽ⫼῵ᗕߚᵤ䗝
乍ᅮНੑҸĀMODOPT,SUBSP,9āᣛᅮՓ⫼ᄤぎ䯈䗁ҷ⊩∖㾷఼ˈᑊሩᓔࠡ9㾷῵ᗕDŽ⫼
ᮍ⿟∖㾷఼䗝ᢽੑҸĀEQSLVE,PCGāᣛᅮᮍ⿟∖㾷఼ЎPCG˄乘ᴵӊⱘ݅䕁ẃᑺᕾ⦃∖
㾷఼˅ˈ⫼ĀSOLVEāੑҸᓔྟ῵ᗕߚᵤⱘ∖㾷DŽ
(5) ඔ௜଴৑‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ڴ‬d
⫼䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰᦤপੑҸ Ā*GET,F1,MODE,1,FREQāᦤপ㄀1䰊乥⥛ˈᄬܹব䞣F1DŽ⫼
Ā*GET,F2,MODE,2,FREQāᦤপ㄀2䰊乥⥛ˈᄬܹব䞣F2DŽ⫼Ā*GET,F3,MODE,3,FREQā
ᦤপ㄀3䰊乥⥛ˈᄬܹব䞣F3DŽ䖭3Ͼ乥⥛ᦤপੑҸ䛑ৃҹⳈ᥹೼∖㾷῵ഫ/SOLUЁᅠ៤ˈ
⫼Ā*Status, ParmāੑҸৃҹᕫࠄབ೒9.33᠔⼎ⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰDŽ
(6) Շ࿌೴ᆦέ२ēߜ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ރڴ‬ୣူसৢࠓԅΑᄔ೛ѻӾำ·ำߑd

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 ㄀ゴ㝰ᵓ੠ᅲԧᤃࡼ

೒9.33 ߽⫼*StatusੑҸᶹⳟֱᄬ೼ব䞣Ёⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ

3ˊANSYS⿟ᑣ

FINISH
/CLEAR, NOSTART ! ⏙䰸᭄᥂,ϡࡴ䕑߱ྟ࣪᭛ӊ
! (1) 䆒㕂Ꮉ⿟䗝乍ǃऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟǃᴤ᭭খ᭄
/FILNAME, EX9.6 ! ᅮН᭛ӊৡ⿄
/PREP7 ! ࡴ䕑ࠡ໘⧚῵ഫ
SMRT,OFF ! ݇䯁ᱎ㛑࣪㔥Ḑࡳ㛑
/TITLE, EX9.6, NATURAL FREQUENCY OF A FLAT CIRCULAR PLATE WITH A CLAMPED EDGE
C*** FORMULAS FOR NATURAL FREQUENCY AND MODE SHAPE, BLEVINS, PAGE 241
ET,1,PLANE2,,,1 ! Փ⫼䕈ᇍ⿄ᑇ䴶ऩ‫ܗ‬PLANE2
MP,EX,1,207E9 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EX ˙ 207 GPa
MP,PRXY,,0.3 ! ᅮНᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨ЎPRXY ˙ 0.3
MP,DENS,1,7801.6 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᆚᑺDENS = 7801.6 kg/m^3
! (2) ᅮН݇䬂⚍ǃ㒓੠䴶,ᑊᇚ䴶ߦߚЎ䴶ऩ‫ܗ‬
K,1 ! ೼തᷛॳ⚍(0,0,0)ᅮН㄀1Ͼ݇䬂⚍
K,2,0.4318 ! ೼തᷛ(0.4318m,0)ᅮН㄀2Ͼ݇䬂⚍
KGEN,2,1,2,1,,0.0127 ! ᕾ⦃2⃵,ᣝ✻㡖⚍1ࠄ㡖⚍2ⱘതᷛ,Yതᷛ๲ࡴ12.7mm
L,1,2 ! 䖛݇䬂⚍1,2ᅮНⳈ㒓
L,3,4 ! 䖛݇䬂⚍3,4ᅮНⳈ㒓
LESIZE,ALL,,,10 ! ᠔᳝Ⳉ㒓೼ߦߚऩ‫ܗ‬ᯊ,ߦߚЎ10↉
ESIZE,,1 ! ऩ‫ܗ‬ሎᇌЎߦߚЎ1↉
A,1,2,4,3 ! 䖛㡖⚍1,2,3੠4ᅮН䴶
AMESH,1 ! ᇍ1ো䴶䖯㸠䴶ऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬
! (3) 䗝ᢽ䖍⬠㡖⚍,ᮑࡴԡ⿏㑺ᴳ
NSEL,R,LOC,X,0 ! 䞡ᮄ䗝ᢽԡѢX˙0ⱘ㡖⚍
D,ALL,UX ! ᇍ᠔᳝㡖⚍ⱘXᮍ৥ԡ⿏ᮑࡴԡ⿏㑺ᴳUX˙0
NSEL,ALL ! 䗝ᢽ᠔᳝㒧⚍
DK,2,ALL,,,1 ! 㑺ᴳ2ো݇䬂⚍ⱘ᠔᳝㞾⬅ᑺ,ᑊᇚ݊ᷛ䆚Ў㑺ᴳሩᓔ
DK,4,UX,,,1 ! 㑺ᴳ4ো݇䬂⚍ⱘUX㞾⬅ᑺ,ᑊᇚ݊ᷛ䆚Ў㑺ᴳሩᓔ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎࠡ໘⧚῵ഫPREP7
! (4) ᣛᅮ∖㾷㉏ൟ੠∖㾷ᮍ⊩ৢ,ᓔྟ῵ᗕߚᵤⱘ∖㾷
/SOLU ! ࡴ䕑∖㾷῵ഫ

388
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

ANTYPE,MODAL ! ᣛᅮߚᵤ㉏ൟЎ῵ᗕߚᵤ
MODOPT,SUBSP,9 ! ᣛᅮՓ⫼ᄤぎ䯈䗁ҷ⊩∖㾷఼,ሩᓔࠡ9㾷῵ᗕ
EQSLVE,PCG ! ᣛᅮᮍ⿟∖㾷఼ЎPCG˄乘ᴵӊⱘ݅䕁ẃᑺᕾ⦃∖㾷఼˅
SOLVE ! ᓔྟ῵ᗕߚᵤⱘ∖㾷
! (5) ᦤপ乥⥛䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
*GET,F1,MODE,1,FREQ ! ᦤপ㄀1䰊乥⥛,ᄬܹব䞣F1
*GET,F2,MODE,2,FREQ ! ᦤপ㄀2䰊乥⥛,ᄬܹব䞣F2
*GET,F3,MODE,3,FREQ ! ᦤপ㄀3䰊乥⥛,ᄬܹব䞣F3
*Status, Parm ! ᶹⳟֱᄬࠄব䞣Ёⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
! (6) ᅮН᭄㒘ব䞣,ᇚ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰঞ݊Ϣ⧚䆎㾷ⱘ↨ؐ䕧ߎࠄ᭛ᴀ᭛ӊ
*DIM,LABEL,CHAR,3,2 ! ᅮН3ˆ2ᄫヺൟ᭄㒘LABEL
*DIM,VALUE,,3,3 ! ᅮН3ˆ3᭄ؐൟ᭄㒘VALUE
LABEL(1,1) = 'F (0,0) ','F (0,1) ','F (0,2) ' ! 㒭LABELⱘ㄀1߫䌟ؐ
LABEL(1,2) = 'Hz','Hz','Hz' ! 㒭LABELⱘ㄀2߫䌟ؐ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,1),DATA,172.64,671.79,1505.7 ! 㒭VALUEⱘ㄀1߫䌟⧚䆎ؐ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,2),DATA,F1,F2,F3 ! 㒭VALUEⱘ㄀2߫䌟䅵ㅫؐ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,3),DATA,ABS(F1/172.64),ABS(F2/671.79),ABS(F3/1505.7) ! 㒭
VALUEⱘ㄀3߫䌟䅵ㅫؐϢ⧚䆎ؐⱘ↨ؐ
/COM
/OUT, EX9_6, out ! ᇚ䕧ߎ‫ݙ‬ᆍ䞡ᅮ৥ࠄ᭛ӊEX9_6.out
/COM,------------------- EX9.6 RESULTS COMPARISON --------------
/COM,
/COM, | TARGET | ANSYS | RATIO
/COM,
*VWRITE,LABEL(1,1),LABEL(1,2),VALUE(1,1),VALUE(1,2),VALUE(1,3)
(1X,A8,A8,' ',F10.2,' ',F15.2,' ',1F10.3)
/COM,-----------------------------------------------------------
/OUT ! 㒧ᴳ᭄᥂䞡ᅮ৥,݇䯁䕧ߎ᭛ӊ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎ∖㾷῵ഫSOLU
*LIST, EX9_6, out ! ߫㸼ᰒ⼎᭛ӊEX9_6.outⱘ‫ݙ‬ᆍ

4ˊ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰϢ䅼䆎

䗮䖛Ϟ䴶⿟ᑣ䅵ㅫߎ⫼ᅲԧऩ‫ܗ‬ᴹ῵ᢳ਼䖍།ᬃ೚ᵓⱘ㞾⬅ᤃࡼ乥⥛ˈ㒧ᵰབ㸼9.4᠔
⼎DŽҢ㸼Ёৃҹⳟߎˈ乥⥛䅵ㅫؐԢѢ⧚䆎ؐDŽ䖭೼᳝䰤‫ܗ‬䅵ㅫЁᰃ↨䕗ᇥ㾕ⱘˈ݊ॳ಴
ৃᔦ㒧Ўᅲԧऩ‫ܗ‬䰡Ԣњॳ᳝ⱘᅲԧ㒧ᵰⱘ߮ᑺˈՓ݊ᤃࡼ乥⥛ϟ䰡DŽ
㸼9.4 ⫼ᅲԧऩ‫ܗ‬῵ᢳ਼䖍།ᬃ೚ᵓⱘ㞾⬅ᤃࡼ乥⥛
乥 ⥛ ⧚ 䆎 ؐ ANSYSؐ ↨ ؐ
f0,0 ˄Hz˅ 173.17 172.48 .996
f0,1 ˄Hz˅ 674.70 674.44 1.000
f0,2 ˄Hz˅ 1507.8 1521.5 1.009

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 ㄀ゴ㝰ᵓ੠ᅲԧᤃࡼ

9.7 ⫼ᅲԧऩ‫ߚܗ‬ᵤ೚⦃ⱘᤃࡼ
ञᕘ r = 254 mm ˈᮍᔶ៾䴶 b = 1.27 mm ⱘ೚⦃˄བ೒9.34Ꮊջ೒˅DŽᏆⶹᴤ᭭ᆚᑺµ=7802DŽ
2kg/m2 ˈᔍᗻ῵䞣E=207GPaˈ⊞ᵒ↨°=0.0DŽ䆩߽⫼䕈ᇍ⿄ण䇗೎ԧऩ‫ܗ‬PLANE25⹂ᅮᑇ
䴶‫ⴔ⊓ݙ‬ञᕘᮍ৥ⱘ䕈ᇍ⿄㞾⬅ᤃࡼ乥⥛f 0 ˈ੠ᑇ䴶‫ݙ‬ञᕘᮍ৥⊓ⴔ⦃৥ⱘ㄀2䰊˄ᢝԌ੠
य़㓽˅ᔃ᳆ᤃࡼ乥⥛f 2 ˄བ೒9.34᠔⼎েջ೒˅DŽ

b=1.27mm

೒9.34  㞖㭘ᵓ㞾⬅ᤃࡼ῵ൟ⼎ᛣ೒

1ˊ⧚䆎㾷

Ң᭛⤂[10]㄀425义68ᓣৃҹⶹ䘧ˈা㗗㰥ᢝय़ᬜᑨˈϡ㗗㰥ᔃ᳆ᬜᑨDŽᇍѢ㒃ञᕘᮍ
৥ⱘᤃࡼˈৃҹ‫ߎݭ‬ᭈϾ೚⦃ⱘᑨব㛑੠ࡼ㛑ߚ߿Ў˖
AEu2 Aγ 2
V= 2
2π r ˈ T = u& 2π r
2r 2g
݊Ёˈuᰃ೚⦃ϞӏᛣϔϾ៾䴶⊓ⴔञᕘᮍ৥ⱘԡ⿏DŽḍ᥂ᘏ㛑䞣ϡ䱣ⴔᯊ䯈ᬍবˈৃ
ҹᇍϞᓣП੠݇Ѣᯊ䯈∖ᇐˈᕫࠄབϟⱘᤃࡼᮍ⿟˖
Eg 1
u&& + u =0
γ r2
䆹ᮍ⿟ⱘ䗮㾷Ў˖
u = C1 cos pt + C2 sin pt
݊Ёˈ p = Eg /(γ r 2 ) ህᰃ೚⦃ᤃࡼⱘ೚乥⥛DŽ᠔ҹ㄀1䰊乥⥛Ў˖
1 E
f1 =
2π ρr2
ҷܹϞ䴶᭄ؐˈৃҹᕫࠄ˖
1 207 × 109
f1 = = 3227.48 Hz
2 × 3.14159 7802.2 × 0.254 2
ᇍѢᔃ᳆ᤃࡼˈञᕘᮍ৥ⱘԡ⿏ৃҹሩᓔЎϝ㾦㑻᭄˖
u = a1 cos θ + a2 cos2θ + ... + b1 sinθ + b2 sin2θ + ...
݊Ё ai , bi ᰃϢᯊ䯈t᳝݇ⱘߑ᭄DŽϡ㗗㰥⦃৥বᔶˈ⦃৥ԡ⿏੠ᕘ৥ԡ⿏П䯈᳝ᖂߚ
݇㋏˖

390
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

∂v
u=
∂θ
᠔ҹˈᕫࠄ⦃৥ԡ⿏ⱘ㑻᭄ᔶᓣᑨ䆹Ў˖
1 1
v = a1 sinθ + a2 sin2θ + ... − b1 cosθ − b2 cos2θ − ...
2 2
ӏᛣ៾䴶໘ⱘᔃⶽৃҹ㸼⼎Ў˖
EI ⎛ ∂ 2u ⎞
M = 2 ⎜ 2 + u⎟
r ⎝ ∂θ ⎠
᠔ҹᭈϾ೚⦃ⱘᔃ᳆ᑨব㛑੠ࡼ㛑ߚ߿Ў˖
2
⎛ ∂ 2u ⎞ Aγ
∫ (u& + v& 2 ) r dθ
EI 2π 2π
V= 4 ∫ ⎜ 2 + u ⎟ r dθ ˈ T= 2

⎝ ∂θ ⎠ 2g 0
2r 0

ᇚԡ⿏㑻᭄ҷܹৢˈ࣪ㅔৃҹᕫࠄ˖
EI ∞
π rAγ ∞
⎛ 1 ⎞ 2 &2
V=
2 r3
∑(1 − i ) ( a
2 2
i
2
+ bi 2 ) ˈ T=
2g
∑ ⎜⎝1 + i
i =1
2 ⎟
⎠
( a& i + bi )
i =1

ḍ᥂ᘏ㛑䞣ϡ䱣ⴔᯊ䯈ᬍবˈৃҹᇍϞᓣП੠݇Ѣᯊ䯈∖ᇐˈᕫࠄབϟⱘᤃࡼᮍ⿟˖
E g I i 2 (1 − i 2 ) 2
a&&i + ai = 0
γ A r4 1 + i2
⬅ℸৃҹᕫࠄᔃ᳆ᤃࡼⱘ৘䰊乥⥛݀ᓣЎ˖
1 E g I i2 (1 − i2 )2
fi =
2π γ Ar 4 1 + i 2
ᔧi=1ᯊˈ乥⥛f 1 =0ᇍᑨ߮ԧԡ⿏DŽᔧi=2ᯊˈ乥⥛f 2 ᇍᑨѢ㄀1ᔃ᳆ᤃࡼⱘ乥⥛DŽҷ᭄ܹ
᥂ৢˈᕫࠄ˖
1 EI 36 b E3
f2 = = 2
2π ρAr 5 2 r π
4
ρ3
0.00127 3 × 207 × 10 9
= = 12.5Hz
2 × 0. 254 2 × π 5 × 7802. 2

2ˊANSYSߚᵤ

0䰊῵ᗕ˄MODE = 0˅ᰃ䕈ᇍ⿄ᤃࡼ῵ᗕˈ㗠MODE = 2ᰃᅗⱘ㄀2䰊ᤃࡼ乥⥛DŽ೼0

䰊῵ᗕᚙ‫މ‬ϟˈ䳔㽕䗝ᢽञᕘᮍ৥ⱘ㞾⬅ᑺ԰ЎЏ㞾⬅ᑺDŽᇍѢMODE=2ⱘᚙ‫ˈމ‬ञᕘᮍ
৥੠⦃৥㞾⬅ᑺ䛑ᖙ乏ᣛᅮЎЏ㞾⬅ᑺDŽᑊϨՓ⫼њ㗺ড়㞾⬅ᑺˈҹֱ䆕῵ᗕⱘᇍ⿄ᗻDŽ
Ўњᓎ῵ᮍ֓ˈ೼೚⦃‫ݙ‬ջ254mmԡ㕂໘ᓎゟњ11োሔ䚼തᷛ㋏DŽ䕈ᇍ⿄ࠪ䴶ⱘऩ‫ܗ‬
䆒㕂བ೒9.35᠔⼎DŽϟ䴶㒭ߎ∖㾷ⱘЏ㽕ℹ偸੠䇈ᯢDŽ
y

r=254mm

೒9.35  㞖㭘ᵓ㞾⬅ᤃࡼ῵ൟ⼎ᛣ೒

391
 ㄀ゴ㝰ᵓ੠ᅲԧᤃࡼ

(1) Շ࿌ٝё༪ົc‫ד‬๥फ໸cӦ၍फ໸cಬШ೴c੦ൟௐࠓ༪ົۤϫॸϵ೴d
⫼ߚᵤ㉏ൟᅮНੑҸĀANTYPE,MODALāᣛᅮߚᵤ㉏ൟᰃ῵ᗕߚᵤDŽ⫼ऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟᅮ
НੑҸĀET,1,PLANE25āᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬ᰃ䕈ᇍ⿄ण䇗೎ԧऩ‫ܗ‬PLANE25DŽ
⫼῵ᗕሩᓔϾ᭄ᅮНੑҸĀMXPAND,1āᣛᅮাሩᓔ㄀1䰊῵ᗕDŽ⫼ᴤ᭭খ᭄ᅮНੑ
ҸĀMP,EX,1,207E9ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EX = 207 GPaˈ⫼ĀMP,DENS,1,7802.2āᅮ
3
Н㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᆚᑺDENS = 7802.2 kg/m ˈ⫼ĀMP,PRXY,1,0āᅮН㄀1㉏ൟᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨
PRXY = 0DŽ
(2) Շ࿌ࠋԤۤӦ၍d
⫼ሔ䚼തᷛ㋏ᅮНੑҸĀLOCAL,11,,0.254ā೼೚⦃‫ݙ‬ջ254mm໘˄ᭈԧതᷛ㋏Ёⱘ
˄0,0.254˅ԡ㕂˅ᓎゟ11োሔ䚼തᷛ㋏DŽANSYSⱘ㞾ᅮНതᷛ㋏㓪োᑨ䆹Ң11ᓔྟ㓪োDŽ
⫼㡖⚍ԡ㕂ᅮНੑҸĀN,1ā೼തᷛॳ⚍˄0,0,0˅ᅮН㄀1ো㒧⚍ˈ䖭䞠ⳕ⬹њ᠔᳝ⱘ
Ā0āؐˈ⫼ĀN,2,,0.00127ā೼തᷛ˄0,1.27mm,0˅ᅮН㄀2ো㒧⚍DŽ
⫼㡖⚍⫳៤ੑҸĀNGEN,2,2,1,2,1,0.00127āᕾ⦃2⃵ˈ↣⃵㡖⚍োࡴ2ˈᣝ✻㡖⚍1ࠄ2
ⱘԡ㕂ˈᇚXതᷛ๲ࡴ0.00127mˈ⫳៤㡖⚍3੠㡖⚍4DŽ㡖⚍⫳៤ੑҸḐᓣᰃ˖NGEN, ITIME,
INC, NODE1, NODE2, NINC, DX, DY, DZˈ৘乍খ᭄ⱘᛣНᰃᣝ✻๲䞣INCˈᕾ⦃ITIME⃵ˈ
ᣝ✻NODE1ࠄNODE2๲䞣ЎNINCⱘ㡖⚍㓪ো㣗ೈˈതᷛ๲䞣ЎDXˈDY੠DZ⫳៤㡖⚍DŽ
⫼ऩ‫ܗ‬ᅮНੑҸĀE,1,3,4,2ā䖛㡖⚍1ˈ3ˈ4੠2ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ㽕䖲᥹ᔶ៤䴶ऩ‫ˈܗ‬㡖⚍⃵
ᑣᑨ䆹䗚ᯊ䩜ձℸ䕧ܹ৘Ͼ㡖⚍㓪োDŽ
⫼㗺ড়㞾⬅ᑺᅮНੑҸĀCP,1,UX,1,2āᅮН㗺ড়㞾⬅ᑺ䲚ড়1ЎҢ1ো㡖⚍ࠄ2ো㡖⚍
ⱘUX㞾⬅ᑺDŽ⫼Џ㞾⬅ᑺᅮНੑҸĀM,1,UXāᅮН1ো㡖⚍ⱘUXЎЏ㞾⬅ᑺDŽ
(3) ၽௐࠓ੦ࣖᄯՇ࿌สྭၟ೯ۤ੦ൟௐࠓ༪ົ‫܊‬ēࢗಳௐࠓd
⫼䕧ߎ䗝乍ᅮНੑҸĀOUTPR,ALL,1āᣛᅮা䕧ߎ㄀1䰊῵ᗕⱘ᠔᳝䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰDŽ⫼ԡ
⿏㑺ᴳᅮНੑҸĀD,ALL,UZ,0āԡ⿏㑺ᴳ᠔᳝㡖⚍ⱘUZ㞾⬅ᑺˈ⫼ĀD,1,UY,0āԡ⿏㑺ᴳ
1ো㡖⚍ⱘUY㞾⬅ᑺDŽ䗮䖛䖭ѯੑҸᕫࠄབ೒9.36᠔⼎䅵ㅫ῵ൟDŽ

೒9.36 ⫼㡖⚍੠ऩ‫ܗ‬ᅮНᓎゟⶽᔶ៾䴶೚⦃ⱘ䅵ㅫ῵ൟ

392
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

⫼䇤⊶㥋䕑ᅮНੑҸĀMODE,0,1āᣛᅮ䅵ㅫ0䰊䕈ᇍ⿄῵ᗕˈ⫼῵ᗕߚᵤ䗝乍ᅮН
ੑҸĀMODOPT,REDUCāᣛᅮՓ⫼䰡䰊῵ᗕ∖㾷఼ˈ⫼ĀSOLVEāᓔྟ䖯㸠῵ᗕߚᵤⱘ
∖㾷DŽ
(4) ඔ௜‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ڴ‬d
⫼䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰᦤপੑҸ Ā*GET,FREQ0,MODE,1,FREQāᦤপ㄀1䰊乥⥛ˈ
ᄬܹব䞣FREQ0DŽ
䖭䞠জϔ⃵೼∖㾷῵ഫ/SOLUЁⳈ᥹Փ⫼њ㒧ᵰᦤপੑҸDŽ
(5) ᄷ໭ࠩదௐࠓ੦ࣖē‫؟‬έสྭၟ೯‫܊‬ēᄷ໭ࠩ໻੦ൟ‫ד‬๥d
⫼䕧ߎ䗝乍ᅮНੑҸĀOUTPR,ALL,1āᣛᅮ䕧ߎ㄀1䰊῵ᗕⱘ᠔᳝䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰDŽ⫼ߴ䰸
ԡ⿏㑺ᴳੑҸ ĀDDELE,ALL āߴ䰸᠔᳝㡖⚍ⱘ᠔᳝ԡ⿏㑺ᴳ DŽ⫼Џ㞾⬅ᑺᅮНੑҸ
ĀM,1,UX,,,UZāᅮН1ো㡖⚍ⱘUX੠UZЎЏ㞾⬅ᑺDŽ⫼ԡ⿏㑺ᴳᅮНੑҸĀD,1, UYāԡ⿏
㑺ᴳ1ো㡖⚍ⱘUY㞾⬅ᑺDŽ
⫼䇤⊶㥋䕑ᅮНੑҸĀMODE,2,1āᅮНᮑࡴ㄀2䰊῵ᗕ䕈ᇍ⿄㥋䕑DŽ⫼῵ᗕሩᓔϾ᭄
ᅮНੑҸĀMXPAND,1,0,100āᣛᅮሩᓔ乥⥛㣗ೈҢ0ࠄ100ⱘ㄀1䰊乥⥛DŽ⫼ĀSOLVEāᓔ
ྟ῵ᗕߚᵤⱘ∖㾷DŽ
(6) ඔ௜‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ڴ‬d
⫼㒧ᵰᦤপੑҸĀ*GET,FREQ2,MODE,1,FREQāᦤপ㄀1䰊乥⥛ˈᄬܹব䞣FREQ2DŽ
ࠄℸЎℶˈ៥Ӏ䅵ㅫߎњϸ䰊乥⥛ DŽ⫼ANSYS ⱘ㦰ऩĀUtility -> Parameters -> Scalar
Parameters …āৃҹⳟࠄབ೒9.37᠔⼎ⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰDŽ

೒9.37 ᶹⳟֱᄬ೼ব䞣Ёⱘⶽᔶ៾䴶೚⦃ⱘ乥⥛

(7) Շ࿌೴ᆦέ२ēߜ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ރڴ‬ୣူसৢࠓԅΑᄔ೛ѻӾำ·ำߑd

3ˊANSYS⿟ᑣ
FINISH
/CLEAR, NOSTART ! ⏙䰸᭄᥂,ϡࡴ䕑߱ྟ࣪᭛ӊ
! (1) ᅮНᎹ⿟䗝乍ǃߚᵤ㉏ൟǃऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟǃᅲᐌ᭄ǃ῵ᗕ∖㾷䗝乍੠ᴤ᭭খ᭄
/FILENAME, EX9.7 ! ᅮНᎹ⿟᭛ӊৡ⿄ЎEX9.7
/PREP7 ! ࡴ䕑ࠡ໘⧚῵ഫ

393
 ㄀ゴ㝰ᵓ੠ᅲԧᤃࡼ

/TITLE, EX9.7, RADIAL VIBRATIONS OF A CIRCULAR RING FROM AN AXISYMMETRIC MODEL

C*** VIBRATION PROBS. IN ENGR., TIMOSHENKO, 3RD. ED., PAGE 425, ART. 68
ANTYPE,MODAL ! ῵ᗕߚᵤ
ET,1,PLANE25 ! 䕈ᇍ⿄ण䇗೎ԧऩ‫ܗ‬PLANE25
MXPAND,1 ! ሩᓔ㄀1䰊῵ᗕ
MP,EX,1,207E9 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣ЎEX = 207 GPa
MP,DENS,1,7802.2 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᆚᑺDENS = 7802.2 kg/m^3
MP,PRXY,1,0 ! ᅮН⊞ᵒ↨ㄝѢPRXY = 0
! (2) ᅮН㡖⚍੠ऩ‫ܗ‬
LOCAL,11,,0.254 ! ೼೚⦃‫ݙ‬ջ254mm໘ᓎゟሔ䚼തᷛ㋏
N,1 ! ೼തᷛॳ⚍˄0,0,0˅ᅮН㄀1ো㒧⚍
N,2,,0.00127 ! ೼തᷛ˄0,1.27mm,0˅ᅮН㄀2ো㒧⚍
! 㡖⚍⫳៤ੑҸḐᓣ˖NGEN, ITIME, INC, NODE1, NODE2, NINC, DX, DY, DZ, SPACE
NGEN,2,2,1,2,1,0.00127 ! ᕾ⦃2⃵,↣⃵㡖⚍োࡴ 2,ᣝ✻㡖⚍1ࠄ2ⱘԡ㕂,ᇚXതᷛ๲ࡴ
0.00127mDŽ
E,1,3,4,2 ! 䖛㡖⚍1,3,4੠2ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬
CP,1,UX,1,2 ! ᅮН㗺ড়㞾⬅ᑺ䲚ড়1ЎҢ1ো㡖⚍ࠄ2ো㡖⚍ⱘUX㞾⬅ᑺ
M,1,UX ! ᅮН1ো㡖⚍ⱘUXЎЏ㞾⬅ᑺ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎࠡ໘⧚῵ഫPREP7
! (3) ೼∖㾷῵ഫЁᅮНԡ⿏㑺ᴳ੠῵ᗕ∖㾷䗝乍ৢ,ᓔྟ∖㾷
/SOLU ! ࡴ䕑∖㾷῵ഫ
OUTPR,ALL,1 ! 䕧ߎ㄀1䰊῵ᗕⱘ᠔᳝䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
D,ALL,UZ,0 ! ԡ⿏㑺ᴳ᠔᳝㡖⚍ⱘUZ㞾⬅ᑺ
D,1,UY,0 ! ԡ⿏㑺ᴳ1ো㡖⚍ⱘUY㞾⬅ᑺ
MODE,0,1 ! 䅵ㅫ0䰊䕈ᇍ⿄῵ᗕ
MODOPT,REDUC ! Փ⫼䰡䰊῵ᗕ∖㾷఼
SOLVE ! ᓔྟ䖯㸠῵ᗕߚᵤⱘ∖㾷
! (4) ᦤপ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
*GET,FREQ0,MODE,1,FREQ ! ᦤপ㄀1䰊乥⥛,ᄬܹব䞣FREQ0
FINISH ! 䗔ߎ∖㾷῵ഫSOLUTION
! (5) 䞡ᮄ䖯ܹ∖㾷῵ഫ,ᬍবԡ⿏㑺ᴳৢ,䞡ᮄ䖯㸠῵ᗕߚᵤ
/SOLU ! ࡴ䕑∖㾷῵ഫ
OUTPR,ALL,1 ! 䕧ߎ㄀1䰊῵ᗕⱘ᠔᳝䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
DDELE,ALL ! ߴ䰸᠔᳝㡖⚍ⱘ᠔᳝ԡ⿏㑺ᴳ
M,1,UX,,,UZ ! ᅮН1ো㡖⚍ⱘUX੠UZЎЏ㞾⬅ᑺ
D,1,UY ! ԡ⿏㑺ᴳ1ো㡖⚍ⱘUY㞾⬅ᑺ
MODE,2,1 ! 䕈ᇍ⿄㥋䕑ⱘ㄀2䰊῵ᗕ
MXPAND,1,0,100 ! ሩᓔ乥⥛㣗ೈҢ0ࠄ100ⱘ㄀1䰊乥⥛
SOLVE ! ᓔྟ∖㾷
! (6) ᦤপ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
*GET,FREQ2,MODE,1,FREQ ! ᦤপ㄀1䰊乥⥛,ᄬܹব䞣FREQ2
! (7) ᅮН᭄㒘ব䞣,ᇚ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰঞ݊Ϣ⧚䆎㾷ⱘ↨ؐ䕧ߎࠄ᭛ᴀ᭛ӊ
*DIM,LABEL,CHAR,2,2 ! ᅮН2ˆ2ᄫヺൟ᭄㒘LABEL
*DIM,VALUE,,2,3 ! ᅮН2ˆ3ⱘ᭄ؐൟ᭄㒘VALUE

394
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

LABEL(1,1) = ' f0,',' f2,' ! 㒭LABELⱘ㄀1߫䌟ؐ

LABEL(1,2) = ' Hz ',' Hz ' ! 㒭LABELⱘ㄀2߫䌟ؐ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,1),DATA,3227.48,12.5 ! 㒭VALUEⱘ㄀1߫䌟⧚䆎ؐ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,2),DATA,FREQ0,FREQ2 ! 㒭VALUEⱘ㄀2߫䌟䅵ㅫؐ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,3),DATA,ABS(FREQ0/3227.48 ) ,ABS( FREQ2/12.5) ! 㒭VALUEⱘ㄀3߫
䌟䅵ㅫؐϢ⧚䆎ؐⱘ↨ؐ
/COM
/OUT, EX9_7, out ! ᇚ䕧ߎ‫ݙ‬ᆍ䞡ᅮ৥ࠄ᭛ӊEX9_7.out
/COM,------------------- EX9.7 RESULTS COMPARISON --------------
/COM,
/COM, | TARGET | ANSYS | RATIO
/COM,
*VWRITE,LABEL(1,1),LABEL(1,2),VALUE(1,1),VALUE(1,2),VALUE(1,3)
(1X,A8,A8,' ',F10.2,' ',F10.1,' ',1F5.3)
/COM,----------------------------------------------------------
/OUT ! 㒧ᴳ᭄᥂䞡ᅮ৥,݇䯁䕧ߎ᭛ӊ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎ∖㾷῵ഫSOLU
*LIST, EX9_7, out ! ߫㸼ᰒ⼎᭛ӊEX9_7.outⱘ‫ݙ‬ᆍ

4ˊ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰঞ䅼䆎

䗮䖛ҹϞ⿟ᑣ䅵ㅫߎњབ㸼9.7᠔⼎ⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰDŽϢ⧚䆎㒧ᵰⳌ↨ˈ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ‫أ‬
ԢDŽ݊䘧⧚੠ᅲ՟9.7Ⳍৠˈᅲԧऩ‫ܗ‬ᘏᰃӮ䰡Ԣ㒧ᵘⱘ߮ᑺDŽ

㸼9.7 ⫼ᅲԧऩ‫ܗ‬䅵ㅫⶽᔶ៾䴶೚⦃ⱘ㞾⬅ᤃࡼ乥⥛
⧚ 䆎 ؐ ANSYSؐ ↨ ؐ
f0,0 ˄Hz˅ 3227.48 3219.4 0.998
f0,2 ˄Hz˅ 12.50 12.4 0.995

9.8 ᴎ㗐῵ൟⱘᤃࡼߚᵤ
䭓ᑺЎ2540mmⱘᴎ㗐῵ൟˈ῾៾䴶ᔶ⢊੠ሎᇌབ೒9.38᠔⼎ˈ݊ϔッ೎ᅮˈ঺ϔッ㞾
⬅DŽᏆⶹᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣Ў 262MPaˈᆚᑺЎ887kg/m3,⊞ᵒ↨0.3DŽ䆩߽⫼ϝ㓈ᅲԧऩ‫ܗ‬
SOLID45ߚᵤ䆹ᴎ㗐㞾⬅ᤃࡼⱘࠡ5䰊乥⥛੠ᤃൟDŽ

೒9.38 ᴎ㗐῵ൟ῾៾䴶ሎᇌ⼎ᛣ೒

395
 ㄀ゴ㝰ᵓ੠ᅲԧᤃࡼ

1ˊANSYSߚᵤ

䖭ᰃANSYSᅲԧ῵ᗕߚᵤЁⱘϔϾᴎ㗐῵ൟˈ佪‫݇⫼ܜ‬䬂⚍ᅮНњᴎ㗐䕂ᒧ㒓ˈ䗮䖛
ᅮНᴎ㗐ࠪ䴶ᑊᣝᑇ䴶ऩ‫ܗ‬PLANE42ᇍ݊䖯㸠ऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬DŽֱᣕࠪ䴶Ϟऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬ϡবˈ䗮䖛
ᢝԌ᪡԰ᔶ៤њϔϾ⬅ϝ㓈ऩ‫ܗ‬SOLID45ᵘ៤ⱘϝ㓈ᴎ㗐ᅲԧˈ᳔ৢ䞛⫼῵ᗕߚᵤ䅵ㅫᕫ
ࠄњࠡ5䰊乥⥛੠ᤃൟDŽҹϟᰃᅠ៤䖭ѯᎹ԰ⱘЏ㽕ℹ偸੠⫼ࠄⱘੑҸ䇈ᯢDŽ
(1) ಁᄢٝё༪ົ‫܊‬ēඹ‫ߏڑڶ‬Ԥēߙोຬۤੋd
⫼݇䬂⚍ᅮНੑҸĀK,1ā೼˄0,0˅ԡ㕂ᅮНᴎ㗐៾䴶ⱘ㄀1Ͼ᥻ࠊ݇䬂⚍ˈ䖭䞠ⳕ⬹
њ᠔᳝Ā0āؐDŽ⫼ĀK,2,50.8ā೼˄50.8mm,0˅ԡ㕂ᅮН㄀2Ͼ݇䬂⚍ˈ䖭䞠ⳕ⬹њৢϔϾ
ത ᷛ Ā0 āˈ ⫼ Ā K,3,58.42,5.08ā ೼ ˄ 58.42mm,5.08mm ˅ԡ 㕂 ᅮН ㄀3 Ͼ ݇ 䬂 ⚍ˈ ⫼
ĀK,4,48.26,11.43 ā೼˄48.26mm,11.43mm˅ԡ㕂ᅮН㄀4Ͼ݇䬂⚍ˈ⫼ĀK,5,25.4,6.35೼
˄25.4mm,6.35mm˅ԡ㕂ᅮН㄀5Ͼ݇䬂⚍DŽᅮНདⱘ䖭ѯ݇䬂⚍བ೒9.39᠔⼎DŽ

೒9.39 ᅮНᴎ㗐ࠪ䴶Ϟⱘ݇䬂⚍

⫼㒓ᅮНੑҸĀL,1,2ā䖛݇䬂⚍1੠2ᅮНⳈ㒓ˈ⫼ĀL,5,1ā䖛݇䬂⚍5੠1ᅮНⳈ㒓ˈ
⫼໮Н㒓ᅮНੑҸĀSpline,2,3,4,5,,,1,,,1,0.25,0āᅮН䖛2,3,4,5ⱘ໮Н㒓SPLINE᳆㒓ˈ
೼ᓔྟ䖲᥹໘᭰⥛ⶶ䞣Ў˄1,0,0˅ˈ㒧ᴳԡ⿏໘ⱘ᭰⥛ⶶ䞣Ў˄1,0.25,0˅DŽ
໮Н㒓ੑҸḐᓣᰃ˖SPLINE, P1, P2, P3, P4, P-----------------5, P6, XV1, YV1, ZV1, XV6,
YV6, ZV6ˈ݊Ё৘乍খ᭄ⱘ৿Нᰃ䖛݇䬂P1ࠄP6˄᳔ᇥ2Ͼˈ᳔໮6Ͼ݇䬂⚍˅ˈ೼䍋ྟ⚍
P1ⱘ᭰⥛ⶶ䞣ⱘ3Ͼߚ䞣ᰃ˄XV1, YV1, ZV1˅ˈ᳔ৢϔ໘ⱘ⚍ᰃ˄XV6, YV6, ZV6˅DŽ
⫼䴶ᅮНੑҸĀA,1,2,3,4,5āᅮН䖛݇䬂⚍1ˈ2ˈ3ˈ4੠5ⱘ㒓᠔ೈ䍋ᴹⱘ䴶⿃ˈᕫࠄ
བ೒9.40᠔⼎ⱘࠪ䴶ऎඳDŽ
(2) Շ࿌ϫॸϵ೴ۤӦ၍फ໸ēဈੋӦ၍‫דܣ‬ൎပੋd
⫼ᴤ᭭খ᭄ᅮНੑҸĀMP,EX,1,262āᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EX= 262 MPaˈ⫼
3
ĀMP,DENS,1,887e12āᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᆚᑺDENS=887kg/m ˈ⫼ĀMP,NUXY,1,0.3āᅮ
Н㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨NUXY=0.3DŽ

396
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

⫼ऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟᅮНੑҸĀET,1,Plane42āᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬Ў4㒧⚍ᑇ䴶ऩ‫ܗ‬PLANE42ˈ⫼
ĀET,2,Solid45āᅮН㄀2㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬Ў8㒧⚍ᅲԧऩ‫ܗ‬SOLID45DŽ⫼ऩ‫ܗ‬ሎᇌᅮНੑҸĀEsize,7.62ā
ᣛᅮऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬ሎᇌ7.62mmDŽ⫼䴶ऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬ੑҸĀAMESH,ALLāᇚ䴶ߦߚЎPLANE42ऩ‫ܗ‬
˄བ೒9.41᠔⼎˅DŽ

೒9.40 䖛ᣛᅮⱘ݇䬂⚍ᅮНᴎ㗐ࠪ䴶

೒9.41 ⫼䴶ऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬ੑҸᇍᴎ㗐ࠪ䴶ᠻ㸠ऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬

(3) ᄗՇࣸಅ༪ົēඹ‫ڶ‬඘ࣸಅಓю඘Ӧ၍d
⫼ᔧࠡऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟᅮНੑҸĀTYPE, 2āߛᤶऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟЎ㄀2㉏SOLID45DŽ⫼䴶ᢝԌ⫳៤
ԧੑҸⱘ䗝乍ĀEXTOPT,ESIZE,10,0āᅮНᢝԌ⫳៤10Ͼԧऩ‫ˈܗ‬ㄝ䎱⾏ᢝԌDŽ⫼ĀEXTOPT,
ACLEAR, 0ā䆒㕂ᢝԌᯊϡ⏙䰸ᑇ䴶ऩ‫ⱘܗ‬㔥Ḑˈ⫼ĀEXTOPT,ATTR,0,0,0ā䆒㕂ֱ⬭ԧ
ऩ‫ⱘܗ‬⡍ᕕ㉏ൟϡবDŽ
߽⫼䴶ᢝԌ⫳៤ԧⱘੑҸĀVEXT,1, , ,0,0,254,,,,āᣝ✻1ো䴶ˈᠻ㸠ԧᢝԌˈZᮍ৥๲

397
 ㄀ゴ㝰ᵓ੠ᅲԧᤃࡼ

ࡴDZ=254mmDŽ
߽⫼䴶ᢝԌ⫳៤ԧⱘੑҸḐᓣᰃ˖VEXT, NA1, NA2, NINC, DX, DY, DZ, RX, RY, RZˈ
খ᭄ⱘᛣНᰃᢝԌ䴶NA1ࠄNA2๲䞣ЎNINCˈതᷛ๲䞣ߚ߿ᰃDXˈDY੠DZˈ3Ͼᮍ৥ⱘ
㓽ᬒ㋏᭄ߚ߿ᰃRXˈRY੠RZDŽ
⫼ᅮН㾚⚍ੑҸĀ/VIEW,1,1,1,1āᇚにষ1㾚⚍ᬍবЎ(1,1,1)ㄝ䕈⌟ᮍ৥ˈ⫼䞡㒬ੑҸ
Ā/REPLOTā䞡ᮄ㒬ࠊԧᢝԌ⫳៤ⱘ῵ൟˈᕫࠄⱘ῵ൟབ೒9.42᠔⼎DŽ

೒9.42 䗮䖛ᢝԌ᪡԰⫳៤ⱘᴎ㗐῵ൟᅲԧ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟ

(4) ၽௐࠓ੦ࣖ༪႔ࠋԤēಠަสྭၟ೯d
⫼䗝ᢽऩ‫ܗ‬ੑҸĀESEL,U,TYPE,,1āপ⍜䗝ᢽऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟᰃ1ⱘऩ‫ˈܗ‬гህᰃҢऩ‫ܗ‬䗝ᢽ
䲚Ёˈࠨ䰸Ѡ㓈䴶ऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ⫼䗝ᢽ㡖⚍ੑҸĀNSEL,S,LOC,Z,0ā䗝ᢽZതᷛЎ0ⱘ᠔᳝㒧⚍ˈ
⫼ĀD,ALL,ALLāᇍ䗝ᢽߎⱘ᠔᳝㒧⚍ᮑࡴ೎ᅮ⚍㑺ᴳᴵӊDŽ⫼ĀALLSEL,ALLā䗝ᢽ᠔
᳝ᇍ䈵DŽᮑࡴԡ⿏㑺ᴳৢⱘ 㞖ᴎ㗐῵ൟབ೒9.43᠔⼎DŽ

೒9.43 ೼೎ᅮッ໘ᮑࡴԡ⿏㑺ᴳৢⱘᴎ㗐῵ൟ

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 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

(5) ᄗՇௐࠓ༪ົēࢗಳ੦ൟௐࠓd
⫼ߚᵤ㉏ൟᅮНੑҸĀANTYPE,2ā⬇ᯢߚᵤ㉏ൟᰃ῵ᗕߚᵤ˄῵ᗕߚᵤⱘ㉏ൟ㓪ো
ᰃ2ˈ䖭䞠Փ⫼њ㉏ൟ㓪োˈЎњ֓Ѣ䆄ᖚ੠ᮍ֓߿Ҏ䯙䇏ˈߚᵤ㉏ൟ᳔ད䖬ᰃՓ⫼ৡ⿄ˈ
བ῵ᗕߚᵤᰃMODAL˅DŽ⫼῵ᗕߚᵤ䗝乍ᅮНੑҸĀMODOPT,LANB,5,0,0, ,OFF, ,2āᣛ
ᅮՓ⫼ߚഫLanczosᮍ⊩∖㾷ࠡ5䰊ᤃൟ੠乥⥛DŽ᳔ৢ⫼∖㾷ੑҸĀSOLVEāᓔྟ῵ᗕߚᵤ
ⱘ∖㾷DŽ
(6) ၽ‫҉܊‬स੦ࣖᄯē‫ڔ‬Г੦ൟd
⫼䇏ܹ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰੑҸĀSET,FIRSTā䇏ܹ㄀1䰊乥⥛੠ᤃൟDŽ⫼೒ᔶᰒ⼎ੑҸĀPLDISP,
2,ā೒ᔶᰒ⼎㄀1䰊῾৥ᔃ᳆ᤃࡼⱘᤃൟ˄བ೒9.44᠔⼎˅DŽ⫼ĀSET,NEXTāৃҹձ⃵䇏
ܹϟϔ䰊῵ᗕˈ⫼ĀPLDISP, 2ā೒ᔶᰒ⼎ᤃൟˈᕫࠄ೒9.45ࠄ೒9.50ⱘ৘䰊ᤃൟDŽ

೒9.44 ㄀1䰊῾৥ᔃ᳆ᤃࡼⱘᤃൟ ೒9.45 ㄀2䰊∈ᑇ䴶‫ݙ‬ᔃ᳆ᤃࡼⱘᤃൟ

೒9.46 ㄀3䰊῾৥ᔃ᳆ᤃࡼⱘᤃൟ ೒9.47 ㄀4䰊∈ᑇ䴶‫ݙ‬ᡁ䕀ᤃࡼⱘᤃൟ

⫼ࡼ⬏ੑҸĀANMODE,6,0.15, ,0āᣝ݅6ᏻˈ↣䱨0.15⾦䩳ϔᏻ䗳ᑺࡼ⬏ᰒ⼎ᤃൟ䱣
ᯊ䯈ⱘᤃࡼDŽࡼ⬏ᰒ⼎㽕⫳៤ϔϾAVIḐᓣⱘࡼ⬏᭛ӊˈᔧ⫳៤ᏻ᭄䕗໮ᯊ↨䕗䌍ᯊ䯈ˈ
Ԛᰃ⫳៤ⱘࡼ⬏ᬜᵰ䖲㓁ᗻ᳈དDŽ⫼᠋ৃҹᇚ⫳៤ⱘࡼ⬏᭛ӊ⣀ゟ᪁ᬒˈ៪㗙ᦦܹࠄ݊Ҫ
᭛ӊˈ䖭ᇍѢ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰⱘ໘⧚ᰃᵕ݊ᮍ֓੠᳝ᬜⱘDŽ

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 ㄀ゴ㝰ᵓ੠ᅲԧᤃࡼ

೒9.48 ㄀5䰊῾৥ᔃ᳆ᤃࡼⱘᤃൟ

2ˊANSYS⑤⿟ᑣ

FINISH ! 䗔ߎҹࠡ῵ഫ
/CLEAR ! ⏙䰸‫ݙ‬ᄬЁⱘ᠔᭄᳝᥂
! (1) 䆒㕂Ꮉ⿟䗝乍ৢ,䗮䖛݇䬂⚍,ᓎゟ㒓੠䴶
/FILENAME, EX9.8 ! ᅮН᭛ӊৡ
/Title, EX9.8, Modal analysis of Airplane Wing Model
/PREP7 ! 䖯ܹࠡ໘⧚῵ഫPREP7
K,1 ! ೼˄0,0˅ԡ㕂ᅮНᴎ㗐៾䴶ⱘ㄀1Ͼ᥻ࠊ݇䬂⚍
K,2,50.8 ! ೼˄50.8mm,0˅ԡ㕂ᅮН㄀2Ͼ݇䬂⚍
K,3,58.42,5.08 ! ೼˄58.42mm,5.08mm˅ԡ㕂ᅮН㄀3Ͼ݇䬂⚍
K,4,48.26,11.43 ! ೼˄48.26mm,11.43mm˅ԡ㕂ᅮН㄀4Ͼ݇䬂⚍
K,5,25.4,6.35 ! ೼˄25.4mm,6.35mm˅ԡ㕂ᅮН㄀5Ͼ݇䬂⚍
L,1,2 ! 䖛݇䬂⚍1੠2ᅮНⳈ㒓
L,5,1 ! 䖛݇䬂⚍5੠1ᅮНⳈ㒓
! ໮Н㒓ੑҸḐᓣ˖SPLINE, P1, P2, P3, P4, P5, P6, XV1, YV1, ZV1, XV6, YV6, ZV6
Spline,2,3,4,5,,,-1,,,-1,-0.25,0 ! ᅮН䖛2,3,4,5ⱘ໮Н㒓SPLINE᳆㒓,೼ᓔྟ䖲᥹໘᭰
⥛ⶶ䞣Ў˄-1,0,0˅,㒧ᴳԡ⿏໘ⱘ᭰⥛ⶶ䞣Ў˄-1,-0.25,0˅DŽ
A,1,2,3,4,5 ! ᅮН䖛݇䬂⚍1,2,3,4੠5ⱘ㒓᠔ೈ䍋ᴹⱘ䴶⿃
! (2) ᅮНᴤ᭭খ᭄੠ऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟ,⫼䴶ऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬᠔᳝䴶
MP,EX,1,262 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EX=262 N/mm^2
MP,DENS,1,887e-12 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᆚᑺDENS=887 kg/m^3
MP,NUXY,1,0.3 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ḥ↨NUXY=0.3
ET,1,Plane42 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬Ўಯ㒧⚍ᑇ䴶ऩ‫ܗ‬PLANE42
ET,2,Solid45 ! ᅮН㄀2㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬Ўܿ㒧⚍ᅲԧऩ‫ܗ‬SOLID45
Esize,6.35 ! ᣛᅮऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬ሎᇌ6.35 mm

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 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

AMESH,ALL ! ᇚ᠔᳝䴶ߦߚЎPLANE42ऩ‫ܗ‬
! (3) ᣛᅮᢝԌ䗝乍,䗮䖛ԧᢝԌ⫳៤ԧऩ‫ܗ‬
TYPE, 2 ! ߛᤶऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟЎ㄀2㉏SOLID45
EXTOPT,ESIZE,10,0, ! ᢝԌ⫳៤䗝乍,⫳៤10Ͼԧऩ‫ܗ‬
EXTOPT,ACLEAR,0 ! ᢝԌᯊϡ⏙䰸ᑇ䴶ऩ‫ⱘܗ‬㔥Ḑ
EXTOPT,ATTR,0,0,0 ! ֱ⬭ԧऩ‫ⱘܗ‬⡍ᕕ㉏ൟϡব
! ԧᢝԌੑҸḐᓣ˖VEXT, NA1, NA2, NINC, DX, DY, DZ, RX, RY, RZ
VEXT,1, , ,0,0,524,,,, ! ᣝ✻1ো䴶,ᠻ㸠ԧᢝԌ,Zᮍ৥๲њDZ˙254mm
/VIEW,1,1,1,1 ! ᇚ1োにষⱘ㾚⚍ᬍবЎ(1,1,1)ㄝ䕈⌟ᮍ৥
/AUTO ! ҹ᳔Շ↨՟ᰒ⼎
/REPLOT ! 䞡ᮄ㒬ࠊԧᢝԌ⫳៤ⱘ῵ൟ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎৢ῵ഫ
! (4) ೼∖㾷῵ഫ䗝ᢽ㡖⚍,ᮑࡴԡ⿏㑺ᴳ
/SOLU ! 䖯ܹ∖㾷῵ഫSOLU
ESEL,U,TYPE,,1 ! প⍜䗝ᢽऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟᰃ1ⱘऩ‫ܗ‬
NSEL,S,LOC,Z,0 ! 䗝ᢽZതᷛЎ0ⱘ᠔᳝㒧⚍
D,ALL,ALL ! ᇍ䗝ᢽ䲚Ёⱘ᠔᳝㒧⚍ᮑࡴ೎ᅮ⚍ᴵӊ
ALLSEL,ALL ! 䗝ᢽ᠔᳝ᇍ䈵
! (5) ᣛᅮ∖㾷䗝乍,ᓔྟ῵ᗕ∖㾷
ANTYPE,2 ! ⬇ᯢ∖㾷㉏ൟᰃ῵ᗕߚᵤ
MODOPT,LANB,5,0,0, ,OFF, ,2 ! Փ⫼ߚഫLanczosᮍ⊩∖㾷ࠡ5䰊ᤃൟ੠乥⥛
SOLVE ! ᓔྟ῵ᗕߚᵤⱘ∖㾷
FINISH ! 䗔ߎ∖㾷῵ഫ
! (6) ೼ৢ໘⧚῵ഫЁ,㾖ᆳ῵ᗕ
/POST1 ! 䖯ܹৢ໘⧚῵ഫPOST1
SET,FIRST ! 䇏ܹ㄀1䰊乥⥛੠ᤃൟ
PLDISP, 2, ! ೒ᔶᰒ⼎㄀1䰊ᤃൟ
SET,NEXT ! 䇏ܹ㄀2䰊乥⥛੠ᤃൟ
PLDISP, 2, ! ೒ᔶᰒ⼎㄀2䰊ᤃൟ
SET,1,3 ! 䇏ܹ㄀3䰊乥⥛੠ᤃൟ
PLDISP, 2, ! ೒ᔶᰒ⼎㄀3䰊ᤃൟ
SET,1,4 ! 䇏ܹ㄀4䰊乥⥛੠ᤃൟ
PLDISP, 2, ! ೒ᔶᰒ⼎㄀4䰊ᤃൟ
SET,1,5 ! 䇏ܹ㄀5䰊乥⥛੠ᤃൟ
PLDISP, 2, ! ೒ᔶᰒ⼎㄀5䰊ᤃൟ
ANMODE,6,0.15, ,0 ! ⫼6ᏻ↣䱨0.15⾦䩳ϔᏻⱘࡼ⬏ᰒ⼎ᤃൟ䱣ᯊ䯈ⱘᤃࡼ
FINISH

3ˊ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰϢ䅼䆎

ᠻ㸠ᅠњҹϞߚᵤৢˈ᠔᳝ࠡ5䰊ⱘ乥⥛ህ䛑䅵ㅫߎᴹњDŽԚᰃЎњ㛑ⳟࠄ䖭ѯ乥⥛ؐˈ
ࠡ䴶໻䞣Փ⫼ⱘੑҸĀ*GETāᇚ䇏ߎⱘ㒧ᵰ‫ֱܜ‬ᄬࠄব䞣ˈ✊ৢ⫼ᶹⳟব䞣ؐⱘੑҸᴹ᪡

401
 ㄀ゴ㝰ᵓ੠ᅲԧᤃࡼ

԰DŽᅲ䰙Ϟˈ᳝ϔϾ䴲ᐌᮍ֓ⱘੑҸĀSET,LISTāৃҹ߫ߎ᠔᳝ⱘ乥⥛䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰDŽབ೒9.40
᠔⼎ህᰃᠻ㸠ৢ㒭ߎⱘࠡ5䰊乥⥛ؐDŽ

೒9.46 ߽⫼SETˈLISTੑҸᶹⳟᴎ㗐ᤃࡼࠡ5䰊乥⥛

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 ㄀1ゴ ㅔऩᢝय़ᴚ㒧ᵘ

せ』Ꭲ䲑ᐩὐܵᲿ঻̸㐣Ⴭ҂ᐩὐ
ϝ㓈ᅲԧ῵ൟᰃᓎ῵᳔咏⚺ⱘϔ㉏Ꮉ⿟䅵ㅫˈད೼ANSYSᦤկњ䆌໮ᅲԧᓎ῵ⱘࡳ㛑
੠Ϣ݊ҪCAD㋏㒳ⱘ᥹ষDŽϝ㓈䯂乬ⱘߚᵤ䰸њᓎ῵Ϟⱘ咏⚺໪ˈ݊ԭⱘߚᵤ䖛⿟੠ࠡ䴶
ᅠܼϔḋDŽANSYSЁՓ⫼᳔໮ⱘᅲԧऩ‫ܗ‬ᰃSolid45ˈᅗ᳝8Ͼ㒧⚍ˈ↣Ͼ㒧⚍᳝3Ͼ㒓ԡ⿏DŽ
ϟ䴶ᰃ೼ᅲԧᓎ῵ᯊ᳔ᐌ⫼ࠄⱘੑҸDŽ
1˅ᅮН݇䬂⚍˄Key point˅˖K, NPT, X, Y, Z – ೼(X,Y,Z)ԡ㕂ᅮН݇䬂⚍NPTDŽ
2˅ᅮНⳈ㒓(Line)˖L, P1, P2, NDIV, SPACE, XV1, YV1, ZV1, XV2, YV2, ZV2 – 䖛⚍
P1੠⚍P2ᅮНⳈ㒓DŽ
3˅ᅮН䴶(Area)˖A, P1, P2, P3, P4, P5, P6, P7, P8, P9, P10, P11, P12, P13, P14, P15, P16,
P17, P18 – 䖲᥹݇䬂⚍P1ࠄP18ᅮН䴶DŽ
4˅ᅮНԧ(Volume)˖V, P1, P2, P3, P4, P5, P6, P7, P8 – 䖛݇䬂⚍P1ࠄP8ᅮНԧDŽ
5˅ᅮНⶽᔶഫ៪㗙ԧ˄Block˅˖BLC4, XCORNER, YCORNER, WIDTH, HEIGHT,
DEPTH – ೼Ꮉ԰䴶Ϟˈҹ˄XCORNER,YCORNER˅Ў䍋⚍ˈᅮНᆑWIDTHˈ催HEIGHT ˈ
८DEPTHⱘⶽᔶഫDŽ
6˅ᅮН೚៪㗙೚᷅˄Cylinder˅˖CYL4, XCENTER, YCENTER, RAD1, THETA1, RAD2,
THETA2, DEPTH – ೼Ꮉ԰䴶Ϟˈҹ˄XCENTER, YCENTER˅Ў೚ᖗˈ‫ݙ‬ञᕘRAD1ˈ䍋
ྟ㾦THETA1ˈ໪ञᕘRAD2ˈ㒜ℶ㾦THETA2ˈ८ᑺDEPTHᅮН೚⦃DŽ

10.1 ᏺϝϾ೚ᄨⱘᑇ䴶ᬃᑻߚᵤ

८ᑺ20mmⱘᑇ䴶ᬃᑻˈ⬅ϸϾⳈᕘЎ20mmⱘᇣ೚ᄨЁⱘ㶎ᷧ೎ᅮˈ೼‫Ⳉݙ‬ᕘЎ60mm
ⱘ໻೚ᄨ‫ⱘݙ‬䕈Ϟ԰⫼᳝1000Nⱘ৥ϟ䲚Ё࡯ˈ䆩߽⫼ᑇ䴶ᑨ࡯ऩ‫⹂ܗ‬ᅮ䆹ᬃᑻⱘবᔶᚙ
‫މ‬੠ᑨ࡯ߚᏗᚙ‫މ‬DŽ޴ԩሎᇌབ೒10.1᠔⼎ˈ೒ЁሎᇌऩԡЎmmˈᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣Ў
2
200000N/mm ˈ⊞ᵒ↨প0.3DŽ

P=1kN 60 100
60

yC A
20
20 x

20
80

೒10.1 ᑇ䴶ᬃᑻ䅵ㅫ῵ൟ⼎ᛣ೒

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 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

1ˊ⧚䆎ߚᵤ

䖭ϾᵘӊᰃϔϾ⠛⢊㒧ᵘˈ೼޴ԩᑇ䴶‫ݙ‬ফ࡯ˈৃҹ⫼ᑇ䴶ᑨ࡯ऩ‫ܗ‬ᴹ໘⧚DŽ೎ᅮᇣ
೚ᄨৃҹ߽⫼೎ᅮᇣᄨ䖍㓬Ϟⱘ᠔᳝㡖⚍㞾⬅ᑺᴹ῵ᢳˈ䲚Ё࡯ৃҹᮑࡴ೼໻೚ᄨ‫ݙ‬ջⱘ
ᶤϔϾ݇䬂⚍៪㗙㡖⚍ϞDŽ
Ң޴ԩ䕂ᒧϞⳟˈЁ䯈೒ᔶᰃϔϾᆑ80mm催100mmⱘⶽᔶˈে䖍ᰃϔϾⳈᕘ100mm
ⱘञ೚ˈᎺ䖍ϞϟⳈ㾦Ўञᕘ20mmⱘ‫צ‬೚DŽ໻೚᳝ⳈᕘЎ60mmⱘᄨˈᇣ‫צ‬೚ⱘЁᖗ䚼ԡ
᳝ⳈᕘЎ20mmⱘᄨˈ᠔ҹৃҹ䗮䖛ᅲԧᓎ῵Ёⱘ䴶ߛ䰸᪡԰ᴹ⫳៤䖭3ϾᄨDŽञᕘЎ20mm
ⱘᇣ‫צ‬೚ৃҹ⫼ञᕘ20mmⱘ೚੠໻ⶽᔶ঴ࡴ⫳៤DŽ

2ˊANSYS∖㾷

(1) Շ࿌ෳঢ়ࣵ௕့d
߽⫼ⶽᔶᅮНੑҸĀBLC4, XCORNER, YCORNER, WIDTH, HEIGHT, DEPTHāᅮН
Ё䯈ᆑ80mmˈ催100mmⱘ໻ⶽᔶऎඳ੠Ꮊ䴶ᆑ20mmˈ催60mmⱘⶽᔶऎඳˈ⫼ᅮН೚ੑ
ҸĀCYL4, XCENTER, YCENTER, RAD1, THETA1, RAD2, THETA2, DEPTHāᅮНে䴶ञ
ᕘЎ50mm੠Ꮊ䴶ϸϾञᕘ20mmⱘ೚ᔶ໪䕂ᒧऎඳDŽ᳔ৢᇚ䖭ѯㅔऩ޴ԩ೒ᔶ䗮䖛䴶Ⳍࡴ
AADD˄Area ADD˅᪡԰ˈ঴ࡴ⫳៤໪䕂ᒧऎඳ˄བ೒10.2᠔⼎˅DŽ

೒10.2 ⫼᳝䰤‫ܗ‬ԧ㋴ᓎゟⱘᑇ䴶ᬃᑻ໪䕂ᒧ

(2) Շ࿌ၕࣄঢ়ࣵēඹ‫ڶ‬୉஭ಓю3ّࣄd
߽⫼ᅮН೚ੑҸCYL4ᅮНᇚ㽕ࠪߛⱘে䴶ϔϾञᕘЎ30mmⱘ໻೚੠Ꮊ䴶ϸϾञᕘЎ
10mmⱘᇣ೚ˈ᳔ৢ䗮䖛䴶Ⳍ‫ޣ‬ੑҸASBA(Area Subtract Area)ᕫࠄϔϾ໻೚ᄨ੠ϸϾᇣ೚
ᄨDŽ˄བ೒10.3᠔⼎˅
(3) Շ࿌Ӧ၍ۤϫॸԅॏ༰උ໿d
⫼ET(Element Type)ᅮНऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟЎᏺ८ᑺⱘᑇ䴶ᑨ࡯ऩ‫ܗ‬PLANE82ˈ⫼ᅲᐌ᭄ੑҸ
ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬८ᑺЎ20mmˈ⫼ᴤ᭭খ᥂ᅮНੑҸ MP(Material Property)ᅮНᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣
2
EX=200000N/mm ˈ⊞ᵒ↨PRXY=0.3DŽ

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೒10.3 ᑇ䴶ᬃᑻ߽⫼䴶ԧ㋴Ⳍ‫⫳ޣ‬៤ⱘᄨ

(4) ಁᄢӦ၍୉‫ד‬ԅѤӊωࠩ໻Ӧ၍୉‫ד‬d
⫼AESIZEੑҸ䆒㕂ऩ‫ⱘߚࠪܗ‬ሎᇌЎ5mmˈ⫼AMESHੑҸ䖯㸠ऩ‫ˈߚࠪܗ‬ऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬
ৢⱘᚙᔶབ೒10.4᠔⼎DŽ

೒10.4 ᑇ䴶ᬃᑻ䴶ऩ‫ⱘৢߚߦܗ‬᳝䰤‫ܗ‬㔥Ḑ

(5) ၽௐࠓ੦ࣖᄯՇ࿌สྭၟ೯ēՇ࿌۠ၻωௐࠓd
೼ ∖ 㾷 ῵ ഫ Ё ⬇ ᯢ ∖ 㾷 ㉏ ൟ ANTYPE(ANalysis TYPE) ᰃ 䴭 ࡯ ߚ ᵤ (Static) ˈ ⫼
DL(Displacement on Line)ੑҸᅮНᎺ䴶ϸϾᇣᄨ䖍Ϟⱘ8ᴵ㒓ⱘԡ⿏ܼ䚼೎ᅮDŽ⫼݇䬂⚍Ϟ
ⱘ㥋䕑ᅮНੑҸFK˄Force on Keypoint˅ˈᅮН໻ᄨᑩ䚼ⱘ䲚Ё࡯˄བ೒10.5᠔⼎˅DŽ⫼SOLVE
ੑҸ∖㾷DŽ
(6) ෍໹ມವ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ڴ‬d
೼ৢ໘⧚῵ഫ/POST1 Ёˈ⫼PLNSOL(PLot Node SOLution)ᰒ⼎㡖⚍Ϟⱘㄝᬜᑨ࡯
MISESᑨ࡯ˈབ೒10.6᠔⼎DŽ⫼ࡼ⬏ᮍᓣৃᰒ⼎䆹ᑨ࡯ߚᏗ䱣ⴔ㥋䕑๲ࡴᯊⱘব࣪ᚙ‫މ‬DŽ

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೒10.5 ᇣᄨԡ㕂ⱘԡ⿏㑺ᴳ੠໻ᄨԡ㕂ⱘ䲚Ё࡯

೒10.6 ᑇ䴶ᬃᑻ೼䲚Ё࡯԰⫼ϟⱘMisesᑨ࡯ߚᏗ

3ˊANSYS⿟ᑣ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎҹࠡ῵ഫ
/CLEAR,NOSTART ! ⏙䰸‫ݙ‬ᄬЁⱘ᠔᭄᳝᥂,ϡ䇏ܹ߱ྟ࣪᭛ӊ
/FILENAME, EX10.1 ! ᅮНᎹ⿟᭛ӊৡ⿄
/title, EX10.1, 2D Plane Stress Bracket
/PREP7 ! 䖯ܹࠡ໘⧚῵ഫPREP7
! (1) ᅮН໪䕂ᒧऎඳ
BLC4,0,0,80,100 ! ೼˄0ˈ0˅ᅮНᆑᑺ80mmˈ催ᑺ100mmⱘЏⶽᔶऎඳ
CYL4,80,50,50 ! ҹ˄80mmˈ50mm˅ЎЁᖗˈ50mmЎञᕘᅮН໻೚ᔶऎඳ
CYL4,0,20,20 ! ҹ˄0ˈ20mm˅ЎЁᖗˈ20mmЎञᕘⱘᅮНᎺϟᮍᇣ೚ᔶऎඳ
CYL4,0,80,20 ! ҹ˄0ˈ80mm˅ЎЁᖗˈ20mmЎञᕘⱘᅮНᎺϞᮍᇣ೚ᔶऎඳ

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BLC4,-20,20,20,60 ! ೼˄-20mmˈ20mm˅ᅮНᆑᑺ20mmˈ催ᑺ60mmⱘᇣⶽᔶऎඳ
AADD,ALL ! ᇚϞ䴶ᅮНⱘ5ഫ䴶⿃Ⳍࡴᕫࠄ6ো䴶⿃
! (2) ᅮН೚ᄨ䕂ᒧˈ䗮䖛ࠪߛ⫳៤䖭3Ͼᄨ
CYL4,80,50,30 ! ҹ˄80mmˈ50mm˅ЎЁᖗˈ30mmЎञᕘᅮНᇚ㽕ࠪߛⱘ໻೚ᄨऎඳ
CYL4,0,20,10 ! ҹ˄0ˈ20mm˅ЎЁᖗˈ10mmЎञᕘᅮНᇚ㽕ࠪߛⱘᎺϟᇣ೚ᄨऎඳ
CYL4,0,80,10 ! ҹ˄0ˈ80mm˅ЎЁᖗˈ10mmЎञᕘᅮНᇚ㽕ࠪߛⱘᎺϞᇣ೚ᄨऎඳ
ASBA,6,ALL ! Ң6ো䴶⿃Ё‫ޣ‬এ3Ͼᇣᄨऎඳ
! (3) ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬੠ᴤ᭭ⱘ࡯ᄺ⡍ᗻ
ET,1,PLANE82 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬Ўᑇ䴶ऩ‫ܗ‬PLANE82
KEYOPT,1,3,3 ! ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬䗝乍ᰃᏺ८ᑺⱘᑇ䴶ᑨ࡯ऩ‫ܗ‬
R,1,20 ! ᅮНऩ‫ⱘܗ‬㄀1㉏ᅲᐌ᭄: ᬃᑻⱘ८ᑺ20mm
MP,EX,1,200000 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EX=200GPa˄ᣛҸḐᓣ˖MP, Lab, MAT, C0˅
MP,PRXY,1,0.3 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨PRXY=0.3
! (4) 䆒㕂ऩ‫ⱘߚࠪܗ‬ሎᇌᑊ䖯㸠ऩ‫ߚࠪܗ‬
AESIZE,ALL,5 ! ߦߚऩ‫ܗ‬ሎᇌ䆒㕂Ў5mm
AMESH,ALL ! ᇍ᠔᳝䴶䖯㸠ऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬
! (5) ೼∖㾷῵ഫЁᅮНԡ⿏㑺ᴳˈᅮН㥋䕑ᑊ∖㾷
/SOLU ! 䖯ܹ∖㾷῵ഫSOLU
ANTYPE,0 ! ⬇ᯢ∖㾷㉏ൟᰃ䴭࡯ߚᵤ
! ೎ᅮϟ䴶ᇣ೚ᄨ䖍⬠Ϟ᠔᳝㡖⚍ⱘ㞾⬅ᑺˈ7ˈ8ˈ9੠10োⳈ㒓ህᰃ䖭Ͼᄨ䖍ⱘ4ᴵ㒓
DL, 7, ,ALL,0 ! ೎ᅮ7োⳈ㒓ⱘ᠔᳝㞾⬅ᑺ
DL, 8, ,ALL,0 ! ೎ᅮ8োⳈ㒓ⱘ᠔᳝㞾⬅ᑺ
DL, 9, ,ALL,0 ! ೎ᅮ9োⳈ㒓ⱘ᠔᳝㞾⬅ᑺ
DL,10, ,ALL,0 ! ೎ᅮ10োⳈ㒓ⱘ᠔᳝㞾⬅ᑺ
! ೎ᅮϞ䴶ᇣ೚ᄨ䖍⬠Ϟ᠔᳝㡖⚍ⱘ㞾⬅ᑺˈ11ˈ12ˈ13੠14োⳈ㒓ህᰃ䖭Ͼᄨ䖍ⱘ4ᴵ㒓
DL,11, ,ALL,0 ! ೎ᅮ11োⳈ㒓
DL,12, ,ALL,0 ! ೎ᅮ12োⳈ㒓
DL,13, ,ALL,0 ! ೎ᅮ13োⳈ㒓
DL,14, ,ALL,0 ! ೎ᅮ14োⳈ㒓
FK,9,FY,-1000 ! ೼ 9 ো ݇ 䬂 ⚍ Ϟ ᮑ ࡴ -Y ᮍ ৥ ⱘ ໻ ᇣ ᰃ 1000 ⱘ 䲚 Ё ࡯ ˄ ᣛ Ҹ Ḑ
ᓣ:fk,keypoint,direction,force˅ˈ9ো݇䬂⚍ԡѢ໻೚ᄨ᳔Ԣ⚍
SOLVE ! ᓔྟ∖㾷
! (6) ೼ৢ໘⧚῵ഫЁˈᰒ⼎ㄝᬜᑨ࡯MISESᑨ࡯ˈᑊ⫼ࡼ⬏ᮍᓣᰒ⼎䆹ᑨ࡯ߚᏗ䱣ⴔ㥋䕑ⱘব࣪
/POST1 ! 䖯ܹৢ໘⧚῵ഫPOST1
PLNSOL,S,EQV ! ᰒ⼎᠔᳝㒧⚍ϞⱘMisesᑨ࡯
ANCNTR,10,0.15 ! ⫼10ᏻ↣䱨0.15⾦ᰒ⼎ϔᏻⱘ䗳ᑺࡼ⬏ᰒ⼎Misesᑨ࡯

4ˊ㒧ᵰ䅼䆎

˄1˅ᑨ࡯䲚Ё䯂乬DŽ
Ң䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰⱘᑨ࡯೒10.6ৃҹⳟߎˈMisesᑨ࡯೼䲚Ё࡯԰⫼ԡ㕂ߎ⦄њ15.024Mpaⱘ
᳔໻ؐDŽབᵰ៥Ӏᇚऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬ሎᇌĀAESIZE,ALL,5ā䆒㕂Ў᳈ᇣⱘؐˈࡴᆚऩ‫ܗ‬㔥Ḑৢ䞡
ᮄ䅵ㅫˈӮⳟࠄ䖭ϔ⚍ⱘᑨ࡯ؐӮ㒻㓁Ϟछˈ䇈ᯢ䖭ϔ⚍ⱘᑨ࡯ؐ೼ऩ‫ࡴܗ‬ᆚᯊˈᰃϡᬊ
ᬯⱘDŽ᠔ҹˈ䖭ϔ⚍Ϟⱘᑨ࡯ߚᏗ‫݋‬᳝༛ᓖᗻˈϡ㛑䗮䖛ऩ‫ࡴܗ‬ᆚᕫࠄ‫⹂ޚ‬㒧ᵰDŽ䇋䇏㗙

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偠ㅫϔϟ䖭⾡ᚙ‫މ‬DŽ
˄2˅ԡ⿏໻ᇣϢ㔥ḐሎᇌϡᬣᛳDŽ
೼ᬍবऩ‫ܗ‬㔥Ḑሎᇌⱘᯊ‫ˈ׭‬བᵰ៥Ӏ⊼ᛣϔϟ㒧ᵘⱘԡ⿏ব࣪ˈӮথ⦄ԡ⿏䅵ㅫ㒧
ᵰ੠㔥Ḑ໻ᇣϡᬣᛳDŽ䇈ᯢ䲚Ё࡯㥋䕑Ӯᓩ䍋ᑨ࡯䲚ЁˈԚϡӮᇐ㟈ԡ⿏䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰⱘ༅ⳳDŽ

10.2 㾦ᬃᑻᑨ࡯ߚᵤ

བ೒10.7᠔⼎ⱘ८ᑺЎ 12.5mm ⱘ⠛⢊Lᔶ㾦ᬃᑻDŽ೼Ꮊ䖍തᷛॳ⚍໘᳝ϔϾⳈᕘЎ

25mmⱘᄨˈে䖍ञᕘЎ25mmⱘञ೚ⱘ೚ᖗԡ㕂г᳝ϔϾⳈᕘЎ25mmⱘᄨDŽᎺ䖍ᇣᄨ೎
ᅮˈে䖍ᇣᄨⱘ䕈Ϟ᳝ϔϾ৥ϟⱘ໪࡯԰⫼ˈ䴶⿃A1੠A2Ⳍ䖲ⱘ‫ݙ‬ջⳈ㾦໘ˈЎњ⍜䰸ᑨ
࡯䲚Ёˈ䆒㕂њञᕘЎ10mmⱘ‫צ‬೚DŽ䆩߽⫼ᑇ䴶ᑨ࡯ऩ‫ܗ‬䅵ㅫ䆹㾦ᬃᑻⱘᑨ࡯ߚᏗˈ⹂ᅮ
᳔໻ᑨ࡯ߎ⦄ⱘԡ㕂੠ᑨ࡯ؐⱘ໻ᇣDŽ

25mm
150mm

x
A3 A1 50mm

10mm A2
100mm 50mm

A4

25mm

೒10.7 Lᔶᑇ䴶ᬃᑻ䅵ㅫ῵ൟ⼎ᛣ೒

1ˊANSYSߚᵤ

䖭ᰃANSYS㘨ᴎ᠟‫ݠ‬Ёⱘ㒣‫݌‬ㅫ՟ˈᅗϡҙሩ⼎њ䖭ϔ㉏ᅲԧ䚼ӊⱘ㒧ᵘߚᵤ䖛⿟ˈ
г䗮䖛Ѡ㓈ԧ㋴ᓎ῵᪡԰ˈ䇈ᯢANSYS䕃ӊЁⱘԧ㋴ᓎ῵෎ᴀὖᗉ੠෎ᴀ᪡԰ˈ䇏㗙ৃҹ
ḍ᥂䖭Ͼџ՟ˈড໡ⓨ㒗ˈҹ䖒ࠄᇍANSYSᅲԧᓎ῵ࡳ㛑ⱘ❳㒗ᑨ⫼DŽ
佪‫ܜ‬៥Ӏ⊼ᛣࠄˈ䖭ᰃϔϾϸッЎ೚ᔶⱘĀLāൟⱘ䚼ӊˈ᠔ҹ෎ᴀ䕂ᒧৃҹ䗮䖛ᓎゟ
ϸϾⶽᔶഫ੠ッ䚼ⱘϸϾ೚ᔶ঴ࡴˈ㦋ᕫᭈԧⱘ໪䕂ᒧऎඳDŽ✊ৢˈ೼䳔㽕ᣪᄨⱘԡ㕂ᓎ
ゟϸϾᇣ೚ˈ䗮䖛‫ޣ‬এ䖭ϸϾᇣ೚ⱘᏗᇨ䖤ㅫˈ㦋ᕫϸϾᇣᄨDŽ‫ݙ‬ջԡ㕂ञᕘЎ10mmⱘ‫צ‬
೚ˈৃҹ߽⫼Ⳉ㒓‫צ‬೚᪡԰LFILLᕫࠄ‫צ‬೚ⱘ໪䕂ᒧ㒓DŽ✊ৢ䗮䖛䖭ᴵᓻ㒓੠ॳᴹⳈ㒓ೈ
៤ⱘऎඳˈᅮНϔϾᇣ䴶⿃ˈᇚ䆹䴶⿃੠ॳ᳝ⱘ䴶Ⳍࡴˈৃҹ㦋ᕫ‫צ‬೚ৢⱘ䚼ӊњDŽ
Ꮊ䖍ᇣᄨⱘԡ⿏㑺ᴳৃҹ䗮䖛ᇣ೚਼䖍ⱘ㒓ᮑࡴˈে䖍ᇣᄨ‫ⱘݙ‬䕈ᇍᇣᄨⱘ԰⫼ˈৃ
ҹㅔ࣪Ў㒓ᗻব࣪ⱘ㸼䴶य़࡯㥋䕑DŽϟ䴶㒭ߎᓎゟ῵ൟˈᮑࡴ㥋䕑੠ԡ⿏㑺ᴳˈ∖㾷੠ৢ
໘⧚ⱘЏ㽕ℹ偸੠䇈ᯢDŽ
(1) Շ࿌ෳঢ়ࣵ௕့d

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খ✻೒10.7ˈ⫼BLC4ੑҸᓎゟᎺϟ㾦೼˄0,25mm˅ˈᆑᑺЎ150mmˈ催ᑺЎ50mm
ⱘⶽᔶഫA1˗ᅮНᎺϟ㾦೼˄100mm,25mm˅ˈᆑᑺЎ50mmˈ催ᑺЎ50mmⱘⶽᔶഫ
A2˗⫼CYL4ੑҸᅮН೚ᖗ೼˄0,0˅ˈञᕘЎ25mmⱘ೚A3˗ᅮН೚ᖗ೼˄125mm,75mm˅ˈ
ञᕘЎ25mmⱘ೚A4˄བ೒10.7᠔⼎˅DŽ⫼䴶ⳌࡴੑҸAADDᇚᅮНⱘ4ഫ䴶A1ˈA2ˈA3
੠A4Ⳍࡴˈᕫࠄ5ো䴶˄བ೒10.8᠔⼎˅DŽ

೒10.8 ߽⫼ⶽᔶ੠೚ᔶ⫳៤ⱘ㾦ᬃᑻ໪䕂ᒧ೒

(2) Շ࿌ࢗࣄสᄢঢ়ࣵຬēॆဈੋ‫ݲ‬ອ߈ಓюࢗࣄd
߽⫼CYL4 ੑҸᅮН೼˄0,0˅ԡ㕂ˈ‫ݙ‬ञᕘЎ0ˈ໪ञᕘЎ10mmⱘᎺ䖍ᓔᄨԡ㕂ⱘᇣ
೚˗ᅮН೚ᖗ೼˄125mm,75mm˅ˈ‫ݙ‬ञᕘЎ0ˈ໪ञᕘЎ10mmⱘ360ⱘে䖍ᓔᄨԡ㕂ⱘ
ᇣ೚˄བ೒10.7᠔⼎˅˗⫼䴶‫ޣ‬এ䴶ASBAੑҸҢ5ো໻䴶⿃Ё‫ޣ‬এϸϾᇣ೚ᄨᕫࠄབ೒10.9
᠔⼎ⱘ೒ᔶDŽ

೒10.9 ߽⫼䴶ԧ㋴Ⳍ‫⫳ޣ‬៤ϸϾᄨ

(3) ॆဈຬӺၕಓюӺၕ௕့d

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佪‫⫼߽ܜ‬LFILLTੑҸˈ䖛17ো੠8োⳈ㒓ˈᅮНञᕘЎ10mmⱘ‫צ‬㾦᳆㒓˗߽⫼䴶⿃Ⳍ
ࡴੑҸALᅮН⬅3ᴵ㒓12ˈ13੠14ᅮНⱘ‫צ‬㾦ᔶ៤ⱘᇣ䴶⿃˗‫⫼߽ݡ‬䴶ⳌࡴੑҸAADDᇚ
ᔧࠡ᠔᳝䴶⿃ࡴ䍋ᴹᕫࠄབ೒10.10᠔⼎ⱘ೒ᔶDŽ

೒10.10 ߽⫼㒓‫צ‬೚⫳៤ⱘ㾦ᬃᑻ‫צ⌟ݙ‬೚

(4) Շ࿌Ӧ၍ۤϫॸԅॏ༰උ໿d
⫼ऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟᅮНੑҸETˈᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬Ўᏺ८ᑺⱘᑇ䴶ᑨ࡯ऩ‫ܗ‬PLANE82ˈ߽⫼ᴤ
᭭ᗻ䋼ᅮНੑҸMPᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EX=3e7ˈ⊞ᵒ↨PRXY=0.3˗߽⫼ᅲᐌ᭄ᅮ
НੑҸRᅮНऩ‫ⱘܗ‬㄀1㉏ᅲᐌ᭄˖ऩ‫ܗ‬८ᑺЎ12.5mmDŽ
(5) ಁᄢӦ၍‫דܣ‬ԅѤӊωࠩ໻Ӧ၍‫דܣ‬d
⫼ᣛᅮऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬ሎᇌੑҸEsizeˈᅮНऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬ሎᇌЎ5mm˗⫼䴶ऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬ੑҸAmeshˈ
ᇍ᠔᳝䴶䖯㸠ऩ‫ⱘৢߚߦˈߚߦܗ‬ऩ‫ܗ‬བ೒10.11᠔⼎DŽ

೒10.11 ᇚ䴶ᅲԧࠪߚЎᑇ䴶ऩ‫ܗ‬

(6) ၽௐࠓ੦ࣖ/SOLUᄯՇ࿌สྭၟ೯ēՇ࿌۠ၻωௐࠓd

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佪‫⫼߽ܜ‬㒓Ϟԡ⿏㑺ᴳੑҸDLˈ೎ᅮᎺ䖍ᇣ೚ᄨ䖍⬠Ϟ᠔᳝㡖⚍ⱘ㞾⬅ᑺˈ1ˈ4ˈ5
੠6োⳈ㒓ህᰃ䖭Ͼᄨ䖍ⱘ4ᴵ㒓DŽ⫼㒓Ϟ㸼䴶य़࡯㥋䕑ᅮНੑҸSFL(Surface Force on Line)
೼ে䖍ᇣ೚ᄨϟ䴶䖍⬠ⱘϸᴵ㒓Ϟᮑࡴ㒓ᗻব࣪ⱘय़࡯㥋䕑DŽ೼㄀1ᴵ10োⳈ㒓ϞᅮН㒓ᔶ
ব࣪ⱘߚᏗ㥋䕑ˈ㥋䕑䲚ᑺҢ1ব࣪ࠄ10˗೼㄀2ᴵ11োⳈ㒓ϞᅮН㒓ᔶব࣪ⱘߚᏗ㥋䕑ˈ
㥋䕑䲚ᑺҢ10ব࣪ࠄ1˄བ೒10.12᠔⼎˅DŽ⫼SOLVEੑҸᓔྟ∖㾷DŽ

೒10.12 㒭ᇣᄨᮑࡴԡ⿏㑺ᴳ੠㸼䴶य़࡯㥋䕑

(7) ၽྡྷ͎‫҉܊‬स੦ࣖPOST1ᄯມವ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ڴ‬d
⫼SET,1䇏ܹ㄀1Ͼ㥋䕑ℹⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰˈ⫼ᰒ⼎㡖⚍䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰੑҸPLNSOL˄Plot Nodal
SOLution˅ˈ⫼㡆ᑺ೒ᰒ⼎Misesᑨ࡯˄བ೒10.13᠔⼎˅DŽ⫼ࡼ⬏ੑҸANCNTRࡼ⬏ᰒ⼎
Misesᑨ࡯䱣ⴔ㥋䕑๲ࡴᯊ‫ݙ‬䚼ᑨ࡯ⱘব࣪ᚙ‫މ‬DŽ

೒10.13 㾦ᬃᑻ೼໪࡯԰⫼ϟⱘMisesᑨ࡯ߚᏗ

2ˊANSYS⿟ᑣ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎҹࠡ῵ഫ
/CLEAR,NOSTART ! ⏙䰸‫ݙ‬ᄬЁⱘ᠔᭄᳝᥂,ϡ䇏ܹ߱ྟ࣪᭛ӊ

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/FILENAME, EX10.2 ! ᅮНᎹ⿟᭛ӊৡ⿄

/title, EX10.2, Static Analysis of a Corner Bracket
/Prep7 ! 䖯ܹࠡ໘⧚῵ഫPREP7
! (1) ᅮН໪䕂ᒧऎඳ
BLC4,0,-25,150,50 ! ᅮНᎺϟ㾦೼˄0,-25mm˅,ᆑᑺ150mm,催ᑺ50mmⱘⶽᔶഫ˄೒10.7Ё
ⱘA1˅
BLC4,100,-25,50,-50 ! ᅮНᎺϟ㾦೼˄100mm,-25mm˅,ᆑᑺ50mm,催ᑺ-50mmⱘⶽᔶഫ˄೒
10.7ЁⱘA2˅
CYL4,0,0,0,0,25,360,0 ! ᅮН೚ᖗ೼˄0,0˅,‫ݙ‬ञᕘ0,໪ञᕘ25mmⱘ360ᑺⱘ೚ᔶऎඳ˄೒
10.7ЁⱘA3˅
CYL4,125,-75,0,0,25,360,0 ! ᅮН೚ᖗ೼˄125mm,-75mm˅,‫ݙ‬ञᕘ0,໪ञᕘ25mmⱘ360ᑺⱘ
೚ᔶऎඳ˄೒10.7ЁⱘA4˅
AADD,ALL ! ᇚᅮНⱘ4ഫ䴶A1,A2,A3੠A4Ⳍࡴᕫࠄ5ো䴶
! (2) ᅮНᓔᄨԡ㕂䕂ᒧ㒓,߽⫼䴶⿃Ⳍ‫⫳ޣ‬៤ᓔᄨ
CYL4,0,0,0,0,12.5,360,0 ! ᅮН೚ᖗ೼˄0,0˅,‫ݙ‬ञᕘ0,໪ञᕘ12.5mmⱘ360ᑺⱘ೚ᔶऎඳ,
ᅮНᎺ䖍ᓔᄨԡ㕂ⱘᇣ೚ᄨ
CYL4,125,-75,0,0,12.5,360,0 ! ᅮН೚ᖗ೼˄125mm,-75mm˅,‫ݙ‬ञᕘ0,໪ञᕘ12.5mm
ⱘ360ᑺⱘ೚ᔶऎඳ,ᅮНে䖍ᓔᄨԡ㕂ⱘᇣ೚ᄨ
ASBA,5,ALL ! Ң5ো໻䴶⿃Ё‫ޣ‬এϸϾᇣ೚ᄨ
! (3) ߽⫼㒓‫צ‬㾦⫳៤‫צ‬㾦ऎඳ
LFILLT,17,8,10 ! 䖛17ো੠8োⳈ㒓,ᅮНञᕘЎ10mmⱘ‫ݙ‬ջԡ㕂ⱘ‫צ‬㾦᳆㒓
AL,12,13,14 ! ⫼3ᴵ㒓12,13੠14ᅮН‫צ‬㾦ৢᔶ៤ⱘᇣ䴶⿃
AADD,ALL ! ᇚᔧࠡ᠔᳝䴶Ⳍࡴ
! (4) ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬੠ᴤ᭭ⱘ࡯ᄺ⡍ᗻ
ET,1,Plane82,,,3 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬Ўᏺ८ᑺⱘᑇ䴶ऩ‫ܗ‬PLANE82
MP,EX,1,210e3 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EX=210GPa˄ᣛҸḐᓣ˖MP, Lab, MAT, C0˅
MP,PRXY,1,0.3 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨PRXY=0.3
R,1,12.5 ! ᅮНऩ‫ⱘܗ‬㄀1㉏ᅲᐌ᭄:८ᑺ = 12.5mm
! (5) 䆒㕂ऩ‫ⱘߚࠪܗ‬ሎᇌᑊ䖯㸠ऩ‫ߚࠪܗ‬
Esize,5 ! ᅮНऩ‫ⱘߚߦܗ‬ሎᇌЎ5mm
Amesh,ALL ! ᇍ᠔᳝䴶䖯㸠ऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬
! (6) ೼∖㾷῵ഫ/SOLUЁᅮНԡ⿏㑺ᴳ,ᅮН㥋䕑ᑊ∖㾷
/SOLU ! 䖯ܹ∖㾷῵ഫSOLU
! ೎ᅮᎺ䖍ᇣ೚ᄨ䖍⬠Ϟ᠔᳝㡖⚍ⱘ㞾⬅ᑺ,1,4,5੠6োⳈ㒓ህᰃ䖭Ͼᄨ䖍ⱘ4ᴵ㒓
DL,1,,ALL ! ᇍ1ো㒓ᅮНԡ⿏㑺ᴳ
DL,6,,ALL ! ᇍ6ো㒓ᅮНԡ⿏㑺ᴳ
DL,4,,ALL ! ᇍ4ো㒓ᅮНԡ⿏㑺ᴳ
DL,5,,ALL ! ᇍ5ো㒓ᅮНԡ⿏㑺ᴳ
! ೼ে䖍ᇣ೚ᄨϟ䴶䖍⬠Ϟᮑࡴ㒓ᗻব࣪ⱘय़࡯㥋䕑
SFL,10,PRES,1,10 ! ೼10ো㒓ϞᅮН㒓ᔶব࣪ⱘߚᏗ㥋䕑,䲚ᑺҢ1N/mmব࣪ࠄ10N/mm
SFL,11,PRES,10,1 ! ೼11ো㒓ϞᅮН㒓ᔶব࣪ⱘߚᏗ㥋䕑,䲚ᑺҢ10N/mmব࣪ࠄ1N/mm
SOLVE ! ᓔྟ∖㾷
FINISH ! 䗔ߎৢ῵ഫ
! (7) ೼ϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫPOST1Ёᰒ⼎䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ

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/POST1 ! 䖯ܹৢ໘⧚῵ഫPOST1
SET,1 ! 䇏ܹ㄀1Ͼ㥋䕑ℹⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
PLNSOL,S,EQV ! ⫼㡆ᑺ೒ᰒ⼎㡖⚍ϞⱘMisesᑨ࡯
ANCNTR,6,0.15 ! ⫼ࡼ⬏ᰒ⼎㡖⚍ϞⱘMisesᑨ࡯

3ˊ㒧ᵰ䅼䆎

ď1Đ೓གϦสਠပ࿫ॏ‫ނ‬ᄯd
ᇚ䕈ᇍᬃᑻⱘ԰⫼ㅔ࣪Ў㒓ᗻব࣪ⱘᑨ࡯㥋䕑ˈ೼ᬃᑻⱘফय़㸼䴶Ϟϡ‫⦄ߎݡ‬ᑨ࡯䲚
Ё⦄䈵˄㾕೒10.13˅DŽ੠ࠡ䴶՟乬10.1Ⳍ↨ˈ䖭⾡ߚᏗ࡯ⱘㅔ࣪᥹㾺㥋䕑ᮍ⊩ˈ೼᳝䰤‫ܗ‬
䅵ㅫЁˈᰃᑨ䆹⊼ᛣⱘϔϾ䯂乬DŽ
ď2ĐઝЇӺ߸สᄢ҉ԅ࿫ॏ‫ނ‬ᄯูඕd
೼ᬃᑻ‫ݙ‬ջ䆒㕂њ‫ޣ‬ᇣᑨ࡯䲚Ёⱘ‫צ‬೚ˈ៥Ӏϟ䴶ᴹ㗗ᆳ䖭Ͼ‫צ‬೚ᇍ䆹䚼ԡᑨ࡯䲚Ё
ⱘᕅડDŽᔧ䕈Ϟⱘ԰⫼࡯৥ϟᯊˈে䴶ⱘᵓাফࠄ䕈৥ᢝ࡯԰⫼ˈ‫ݙ‬㾦໘޴Тϡߎ⦄ᑨ࡯
䲚ЁDŽབᵰ䕈Ϟⱘ࡯⊓ⴔ৥েϟᮍᮍ৥ˈ៪㗙৥েᯊˈ‫ݙ‬㾦ህӮߎ⦄ᑨ࡯䲚ЁDŽ⦄೼៥Ӏ
ᇚ࡯ⱘᮍ৥ᬍবЎ৥েϟᮍˈᇚĀSFL,10,PRES,1,10āࡴϞ⊼䞞ˈᇚĀSFL,11,PRES,10,1ā
Ёⱘ1ᬍЎ10ˈবЎĀSFL,11,PRES,10,10āˈ䞡ᮄ䅵ㅫˈৃҹᕫࠄབ೒10.14᠔⼎ⱘMisesᑨ
࡯ߚᏗDŽ

4ˊ᳝‫צ‬೚ᚙ‫މ‬

ESIZE=5ᯊˈ䅵ㅫߎⱘ᳔໻MISESᑨ࡯37.252ߎ⦄೼‫צ‬㾦ԡ㕂˗ESIZE=3ᯊˈ᳔໻MISES
ᑨ࡯Ў37.829˗ESIZE=1ᯊˈ㡖⚍ᘏ᭄䖒ࠄ388547Ͼˈऩ‫ܗ‬᭄䖒ࠄ12713ˈ䅵ㅫߎⱘ᳔໻MISES
ᑨ࡯Ў38.462ˈMisesᑨ࡯ߚᏗབ೒10.14᠔⼎DŽ⬅ℸৃҹⳟߎˈ೼᳝‫צ‬㾦ᚙ‫މ‬ϟ‫ݙ‬ջԡ㕂ⱘ
ᑨ࡯㒧ᵰᅠܼᬊᬯDŽ

೒10.14 Misesᑨ࡯೼‫צ‬೚ԡ㕂ⱘᑨ࡯䲚Ёᚙ‫މ‬

5ˊ≵᳝‫צ‬೚ᚙ‫މ‬

এᥝ‫ݙ‬ջ‫צ‬೚ˈᔧESIZE=5ᯊˈ䅵ㅫߎⱘ᳔໻MISESᑨ࡯ؐЎ46.318˄བ೒10.15᠔⼎˅DŽ

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೒10.15 ‫ݙ‬ջⳈ㾦≵᳝‫צ‬೚ᯊߎ⦄ⱘᑨ࡯䲚Ё

ESIZE=3ᯊˈ᳔໻MISESᑨ࡯ؐЎ59.602˗ESIZE=1ᯊˈ᳔໻MISESᑨ࡯ؐЎ98.034˄བ
೒10.16᠔⼎˅DŽ

೒10.16 ऩ‫ܗ‬㒚࣪ᯊᑨ࡯䲚Ёࡴ࠻

⬅ℸৃҹⳟߎˈऩ‫ܗ‬ሎᇌ䗤ℹ‫ޣ‬ᇣˈৃᰃ‫ݙ‬㾦ԡ㕂ⱘ᳔໻ᑨ࡯ᑊ≵᳝ߎ⦄ᬊᬯ䗍䈵DŽ
᠔ҹˈ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬೼䖭⾡޴ԩさবⱘԡ㕂ߎ⦄ᑨ࡯䲚Ё㗠ѻ⫳ᑨ࡯ⱘ༛ᓖᗻˈᰃϡ㛑䗮䖛ऩ‫ܗ‬
ࡴᆚᴹᕫࠄⳳᅲ㾷ㄨⱘDŽৠᯊг䇈ᯢ‫ݙ‬㾦ⱘᑨ࡯䲚Ё⦄䈵೼Ꮉ⿟Ёᰃᵕ᳝݊ᆇⱘˈ᠔ҹ䗮
ᐌ೼᳝‫ݙ‬㾦ⱘഄᮍ䛑䳔㽕䗮䖛‫צ‬೚䖯㸠‫ܝ‬⒥䖛⏵໘⧚DŽ

10.3 ゟԧ᭰ᬃᑻⱘᅲԧᓎ῵

བ೒10.25᠔⼎ⱘ᭰ᬃᑻˈᬃᑻᑩ䴶੠ؒ᭰䚼ߚᑩ䴶П䯈ⱘ།㾦Ў120ᑺˈᑩ䴶Ϟⱘ᥻
ࠊሎᇌབ೒10.17᠔⼎ˈؒ᭰䚼ߚⱘᑩ䴶᥻ࠊሎᇌབ೒10.18᠔⼎˄೒Ёऩԡᰃmm˅DŽ䆩߽

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⫼ANSYSⱘᅲԧᓎ῵ੑҸᓎゟ䆹ᬃᑻⱘᅲԧ῵ൟ೒DŽ

4 3

5 7

102
62

8
6 y 20

x 2
1(0,0)
20 69
109

೒10.17 ゟԧ᭰ᬃᑻᑩᑻᑇ䴶ሎᇌ⼎ᛣ೒
O
x
y

102 64 37

180

೒10.18 ゟԧ᭰ᬃᑻؒ᭰䚼ߚⱘᑩ䴶ᑇ䴶೒

1ˊANSYS∖㾷

佪‫ˈܜ‬៥ӀᅮНњᑩ䴶Ϟⱘ䕂ᒧ㒓੠ᇣᄨ˄ᇣᄨ䞛⫼䴶⿃Ⳍ‫ⱘޣ‬ᮍ⊩ᕫࠄ˅ˈ✊ৢᇍ
䆹䴶䞛⫼ᢝԌ᪡԰ᔶ៤ᑩᑻԧDŽᑩᑻᔶ៤ৢⱘḋᄤབ೒10.21᠔⼎DŽ✊ৢ䗮䖛3Ͼ݇䬂⚍ˈ
ᇚᎹ԰ᑇ䴶⿏ࠄ᭰ᬃᑻ䴶ⱘᮍ৥DŽ䞛⫼㉏Ԑⱘᮍ⊩ᕫࠄ᭰৥ⱘ䚼ߚ˄བ೒10.23᠔⼎˅ˈ᳔
ৢⱘさ䍋䕈ᑻՓ⫼ϸϾ೚᷅ⱘⳌ‫ޣ‬ᕫࠄⱘ˄བ೒10.25᠔⼎˅DŽϟ䴶㒭ߎЏ㽕ℹ偸੠䇈ᯢDŽ
(1) ̟ზ෍ᄯԅѤӊۤᆵγสᄢՇ࿌Ԙੋ୉ੋෳঢ়ࣵ໹ᅱd
ᣝ✻೒10.17᠔⼎ⱘሎᇌˈ೼䆹೒ⱘതᷛ㋏ϟˈ⫼ⶽᔶഫᅮНੑҸBLC4ᅮНᎺϟ㾦೼
˄0ˈ0˅ˈᆑᑺ109mmˈ催ᑺ102mmⱘЏⶽᔶऎඳ˗⫼݇䬂⚍ᅮНੑҸK˄Keypoint˅ᅮН
‫צ‬㾦ԡ㕂ⱘ4Ͼ᥻ࠊ⚍ˈࠡ䴶Ꮖ㒣Փ⫼њ4Ͼ݇䬂⚍ˈ᠔ҹ䖭䞠Ң5ো⚍ᓔྟᅮНDŽ䖭4Ͼ⚍
ᰃ೼˄20mmˈ82mm˅ⱘ5ো݇䬂⚍ˈ೼˄20mmˈ20mm˅ⱘ6ো݇䬂⚍ˈ೼˄0ˈ82mm˅
ⱘ7ো݇䬂⚍ˈ೼˄0ˈ20mm˅ⱘ8ো݇䬂⚍˗߽⫼೚ᓻᅮНੑҸLARCᅮН䖛4ো⚍੠5ো
⚍ˈҹ7ো⚍ЎЁᖗˈञᕘ20mmᅮН‫צ‬㾦೚ᓻ˗䖛1ো⚍੠6ো⚍ˈҹ8ো⚍ЎЁᖗˈञᕘ20mm
ᅮН‫צ‬㾦೚ᓻ˗⫼㒓ᅮНੑҸL(Line)ᅮН䖛5,6⚍ᅮНⳈ㒓˗⫼㒓ೈ៤䴶ੑҸAL˄Area by
Line˅ᅮН⫼㒓4,5,6,7ೈ៤ⱘ䴶˄བ೒10.18᠔⼎4ˈ5ˈ6ˈ1⚍ೈ៤ⱘऎඳ˅˗⫼䴶Ⳍࡴੑ

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ҸAADD˄Area ADD˅ᇚ1,2䴶⿃ⳌࡴˈᕫࠄᭈϾ໪䕂ᒧऎඳ3ো䴶˄བ೒10.19᠔⼎˅DŽ

೒10.19 ⫼෎ᴀੑҸ⫳៤ⱘᑩᑻ໪䕂ᒧऎඳ

(2) Շ࿌Ԙੋ౨ԅ4ّࣄd
⫼೚᷅ᅮНੑҸCYL4˄CYLinder˅ˈ೼݇䬂⚍8˄0,20mm˅ԡ㕂ˈᅮНञᕘЎ20mm
ⱘ೚ᄨˈ८ᑺЎ0ⱘ೚ˈᅗⱘ䴶㓪োЎ1˗߽⫼䴶⫳៤ੑҸAGEN˄Area GENeration˅ˈᣝ
✻1ো䴶ⱘᔶ⢊ˈXᮍ৥ᑇ⿏69mmˈ⫳៤েϟ೚ᄨˈ㓪োЎ2DŽ⫼䴶⫳៤ੑҸAGENᣝ✻ࠡ
䴶Ꮖ㒣ᅮНⱘ1ো੠2ো೚ᄨⱘᔶ⢊ˈҢ1ো䴶ࠄ2ো䴶ᕾ⦃ˈYᮍ৥ᑇ⿏62mmˈ⫳៤Ϟ䴶ⱘ
2Ͼ೚ᄨDŽ⫼䴶Ⳍ‫ޣ‬ੑҸASBA˄Area SBtract Area˅Ң3ো䴶⿃Ё‫ޣ‬এ4Ͼ೚ᄨˈ⫳៤6ো䴶
˄བ೒10.20᠔⼎˅DŽ

೒10.20 ⫼䴶ԧ㋴Ⳍ‫⫳ޣ‬៤ⱘᑩᑻϞⱘᄨ

(3) ॆဈVOFFSETಓюԘᆶ඘d
⫼VOFFSET (Volume OFFSET)ੑҸᢝԌᑩ䴶6ˈᑇ⿏26mm⫳៤ᑩᑻԧ˄བ೒10.21
᠔⼎˅DŽ

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೒10.21 ߽⫼ᑇ⿏ᢝԌ⫳៤ԧ᪡԰⫳៤ⱘᑩᑻ

(4) Շ࿌ீໜϦ‫ד‬ൎၽֺสԅ3ّ‫ߏڑ‬Ԥē‫ڶ‬უ3ّ‫ߏڑ‬ԤՇ࿌ٝᆴੋd
⫼ ݇ 䬂 ⚍ ᅮ Н ੑ Ҹ K(Keypoint) ᅮ Н ೼ 3(109mm,102mm,0) ⱘ ݇ 䬂 ⚍ 60 ˈ ೼
2(109mm,2mm,0)ⱘ݇䬂⚍61ˈ೼˄109mm+50mm, 102mm, 50*sqrt(3) mm˅ⱘ݇䬂⚍62ˈ䆹
⚍೼3ো݇䬂⚍৥েᑇ⿏50ˈ催ᑺ50 3 ˈℷདᔶ៤60ᑺⱘ᭰䴶˗⫼䖛݇䬂⚍ᅮНᎹ԰䴶ੑ
ҸKWPLAN(Keypoint defined Work PLANe)䖛݇䬂⚍60,61,62ᅮНᎹ԰䴶ˈϡׂᬍ㾖ᆳ῵ൟ
ⱘ㾚⚍DŽ
(5) ߙोࡧ໹ۤၕ໹ēߜ൑ਬອަԄӾໜᄆᆶԅෳถঢ়ࣵ୉ੋd
⫼ⶽᔶഫᅮНੑҸBLC4˄BLOCK˅ˈ೼ᔧࠡᎹ԰䴶ᮍԡᣝ೒10.18᠔⼎ᓎゟҢതᷛॳ
⚍˄0,0˅ᓔྟˈ䭓ᑺ102mmˈᆑᑺ180mmⱘⶽᔶDŽ⫼೚᷅ᅮНੑҸCYL4˄CYLinder˅೼
ᔧࠡᎹ԰䴶ᮍԡ˄51mmˈ180mm˅ԡ㕂໘ˈᅮНञᕘЎ51mmⱘ೚DŽ⫼䴶ⳌࡴੑҸAADD
˄Area ADD˅ᇚ25ˈ26䴶Ⳍࡴˈᓎゟ໪ೈ䕂ᒧ䴶27ো䴶˄བ೒10.22᠔⼎˅DŽ

೒10.22 ⿏ࡼᎹ԰䴶ࠄؒ᭰䚼ߚᮍԡ⫳៤ⱘ᭰ᬃᑻᑩ䴶

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(6) ඹ‫ࣸڶ‬ಅீໜϦ‫ד‬ෳถঢ়ࣵੋಓюໜᄆᆶ඘d
߽⫼‫⫳⿏أ‬៤ੑҸVOFFST˄Volume by OFFSET˅ᇚ᭰ᬃᑻⱘ໪ೈ䕂ᒧ䴶27⊓ⴔᎹ԰
䴶ⱘ⊩㒓ᮍ৥ᑇ⿏26mmˈ⫳៤᭰ᬃᑻԧ˄བ೒10.23᠔⼎˅DŽ

೒10.23 ⫼ᑇ⿏ᢝԌ᭰ᬃᑻᑩ䴶⫳៤ؒ᭰䚼ߚⱘԧ

(7) ߜໜᄆᆶۤԘᆶԅ඘ອަēੋອަē໹юྡྷّჼ඘d
߽⫼ԧⳌࡴੑҸVADD˄Volume ADD˅ˈ䴶ⳌࡴAADD˄Area ADD˅ੑҸᇚᑩᑻ੠
᭰ᬃᑻⱘԧࡴ䍋ᴹˈϸϾջ䴶ⱘ᠔᳝䴶㹿ড়ᑊ䍋ᴹDŽ
(8) Շ࿌ໜᄆᆶ౨්୯ԅၕᅘ‫ރ‬ୣઝϦԅ໌ࣄd
⫼೚᷅ᅮНੑҸCYL4˄CYLinder˅ˈᣝ೒10.18᠔⼎೼ᔧࠡᎹ԰䴶ᮍԡ˄51mm,180mm˅
ԡ㕂໘ˈᅮН᭰ᬃᑻϞߌ䍋ⱘञᕘЎ 32mm ˈ催ᑺЎ60mmⱘ೚᷅ˈ⫼ԧⳌࡴੑҸVADD
˄Volume ADD˅ᇚ䆹೚᷅੠᭰ᬃᑻⱘԧⳌࡴˈ㒘៤ϔϾᭈԧ˗‫⫼ݡ‬೚᷅ᅮНੑҸCYL4೼ᔧ
ࠡᎹ԰䴶ᮍԡ˄51mmˈ180mm˅ԡ㕂໘ˈᅮНञᕘЎ18.5mmˈ催ᑺЎ60mm೚᷅˄བ೒10.24
᠔⼎˅˗⫼ԧⳌ‫ޣ‬ੑҸVSBV˄Volume Subtract Volume˅Ң2োԧ‫ޣ‬এ1োԧˈ⫳៤Ё䯈ⱘ
ᄨ˄བ೒10.25᠔⼎˅DŽ

೒10.24 ⿏ࡼᎹ԰䴶ࠄ᭰ᬃᑻᮍԡ⫳៤ⱘ᭰ᬃᑻᑩ䴶

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೒10.25 ᅠᭈⱘ3D᭰ᬃᑻ῵ൟ೒

(9) ဈ/VIEW‫؟‬έೊ߸ē‫ڔ‬Г੦໸d
⫼/VIEWᬍব㾚㾦ˈ᳔ৢᕫࠄབ೒10.25᠔⼎ⱘϝ㓈᭰ᬃᑻᅲԧ῵ൟDŽ

2ˊANSYS⿟ᑣ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎҹࠡ῵ഫ
/CLEAR ! ⏙䰸‫ݙ‬ᄬЁⱘ᠔᭄᳝᥂
/FILENAME, EX10.3 ! ᅮНᎹ⿟᭛ӊৡ⿄
/TITLE, EX10.3, SOLID MODEL OF SPINDLE BASE.
/PREP7 ! 䖯ܹࠡ໘⧚῵ഫPREP7
! (1) ᅮНᑩ䴶ࠪ䴶໪䕂ᒧᔶ⢊
BLC4,0,0,109,102 ! ᅮНҢ1˄0,0˅,ᆑᑺ109mm,催ᑺ102mmⱘᑩᑻЏⶽᔶऎඳ
! ᅮН‫צ‬㾦ԡ㕂ⱘ4Ͼ᥻ࠊ⚍,ࠡ䴶Ꮖ㒣Փ⫼њ4 Ͼ݇䬂⚍,᠔ҹ䖭䞠Ң5ো⚍ᓔྟᅮНDŽ
K,5,-20,82 ! ೼˄-20mm,82mm˅ᅮН5ো݇䬂⚍
K,6,-20,20 ! ೼˄-20mm,20mm˅ᅮН6ো݇䬂⚍
K,7,0,82 ! ೼˄0,82mm˅ᅮН7ো݇䬂⚍
K,8,0,20 ! ೼˄0,20mm˅ᅮН8ো݇䬂⚍
LARC,4,5,7,20 ! 䖛4ো⚍੠5ো⚍,ҹ7ো⚍ЎЁᖗ,ञᕘ20mmᅮН‫צ‬㾦೚ᓻ
LARC,1,6,8,20 ! 䖛1ো⚍੠6ো⚍,ҹ8ো⚍ЎЁᖗ,ञᕘ20mmᅮН‫צ‬㾦೚ᓻ
L,5,6 ! ᅮН䖛5,6⚍ⱘⳈ㒓
AL,4,5,6,7 ! ᅮН⫼Ⳉ㒓4,5,6,7ೈ៤ⱘ䴶
AADD,1,2 ! ᇚ1,2䴶⿃Ⳍࡴ,ᕫࠄ3ো䴶⿃
! (2) ᅮНᑩ䴶4Ͼᄨⱘࠪ䴶ᔶ⢊,䗮䖛䴶Ⳍ‫ޣ‬᪡԰⫳៤4Ͼᄨ
CYL4,0,20,10 ! ೼8˄0,20mm˅ԡ㕂,ᅮНञᕘЎ10mmⱘ೚ᄨ,㓪োЎ1
AGEN,2,1, , ,69 ! ߽⫼䴶⫳៤ੑҸAGEN,ᣝ✻1ো䴶ⱘᔶ⢊,xᮍ৥ᑇ⿏69mm,⫳៤েϟ2ো ೚ᄨ
AGEN,2,1,2, , ,62 ! ᣝ✻ࠡ䴶Ꮖ㒣ᅮНⱘ1ো੠2ো೚ᄨⱘᔶ⢊,Ң1ো䴶ࠄ2ো䴶ᕾ⦃,yᮍ৥ᑇ⿏
62mm,⫳៤Ϟ䴶ⱘ2Ͼ೚ᄨDŽ
ASBA,3,ALL ! Ң3ো䴶⿃Ё‫ޣ‬এ4Ͼ೚ᄨ,⫳៤6ো䴶⿃
! (3)䗮䖛ᢝԌᑩ䴶ࠪ䴶⫳៤ᑩᑻԧ

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VOFFST,6,26 ! ᇚ6ো䴶⿃ᑇ㸠⿏ࡼ26mm,⫳៤ԧ
/VIEW, 1, -0.158, -0.623, 0.76 ! ᬍব㾚㾦
/ANG, 1, 6.14867656545 ! ᮟ䕀ᑩᑻ῵ൟ
VPlot ! 㒬ࠊᑩᑻ῵ൟ
! (4)䗮䖛݇䬂⚍ᅮН᭰ᬃᑻ᠔԰ⱘᎹ԰䴶
K,60,109,102,0 ! 䖛˄109mm,102mm,0˅ᅮН݇䬂⚍60
K,61,109,0,0 ! 䖛˄109mm,0,0˅ᅮН݇䬂⚍61
K,62,159,102, 50*sqrt(3) ! 䖛˄159mm,102mm,50*sqrt(3)mm˅ᅮН݇䬂⚍62
KWPLAN,-1,60,61,62 ! 䖛݇䬂⚍60,61,62ᅮНᎹ԰䴶,-1㸼⼎ϡׂᬍ㾖ᆳⱘ㾚⚍
! (5)ᓎゟ᭰ᬃᑻⱘࠪ䴶
BLC4,0,0,102,180 ! ೼ᔧࠡᎹ԰䴶ᮍԡᓎゟҢ˄0,0˅ᓔྟ,䭓ᑺ102mm,催ᑺ180mmⱘⶽᔶ
CYL4,51,180,51 ! ೼ᔧࠡᎹ԰䴶ᮍԡ˄51mm,180mm˅ԡ㕂໘,ᅮНञᕘЎ51mmⱘ೚
AADD,25,26 ! 䗮䖛䴶⿃Ⳍࡴ,ᓎゟ໪ೈ䕂ᒧ䴶˄27ো䴶˅
! (6)䗮䖛ᢝԌ⫳៤᭰ᬃᑻԧ
VOFFST,27,26 ! ᇚ᭰ᬃᑻⱘ໪ೈ䕂ᒧ䴶27⊓ⴔᎹ԰䴶ⱘ⊩㒓ᮍ৥ᑇ⿏26mm,⫳៤᭰ᬃᑻԧ
! (7)᭰ᬃᑻ੠ᑩᑻⱘԧⳌࡴ,䴶Ⳍࡴ
VADD,1,2 ! ᑩᑻ੠᭰ᬃᑻԧⳌࡴ
AADD,33,34,38 ! ջ䴶ⱘ䴶Ⳍࡴ
AADD,32,36,37 ! ঺ϔϾջ䴶ⱘ䴶Ⳍࡴ
! (8)ᅮНߌ䍋ⱘ೚᷅ঞ݊‫ݙ‬䚼ⱘᇣᄨ
CYL4,51,180,32, , , ,60 ! ೼ᔧࠡᎹ԰䴶ᮍԡ˄51mm,180mm˅ԡ㕂໘,ᅮН᭰ᬃᑻϞߌ䍋
ⱘञᕘЎ32,催ᑺЎ60ⱘ೚᷅
VADD,1,3 ! ᇚ䆹೚᷅੠᭰ᬃᑻⱘԧⳌࡴ,㒘៤ϔϾᭈԧ
CYL4,51,180,18.5, , , ,60 ! ೼ᔧࠡᎹ԰䴶ᮍԡ˄51mm,180mm˅ԡ㕂໘,ᅮНञᕘЎ18.5mm,
催ᑺЎ60mm೚᷅
VSBV,2,1 ! 2োԧ‫ޣ‬এ1োԧ,⫳៤Ё䯈ⱘᄨ
! (9)ᬍব㾚㾦,㾖ᆳ῵ൟ
/VIEW, 1, -0.158, -0.623, 0.76 ! ᬍব㾚㾦
/ANG, 1, 6.15 ! ᮟ䕀῵ൟ
/AUTO, 1 ! ҹ᳔Շ↨՟ᰒ⼎῵ൟ
VPLOT ! 㒬ࠊԧ῵ൟ

10.4 ಯߚПϔ䔺䕂ᅲԧᓎ῵

བ೒10.29᠔⼎ⱘ1/4ಲ䕀ԧ䔺䕂῵ൟˈಲ䕀៾䴶ሎᇌབ೒10.26᠔⼎DŽ䆩߽⫼ANSYSⱘ
ᅲԧᓎ῵ੑҸ੠ಲ䕀᪡԰⫳៤䆹ಲ䕀ԧⱘ1/4῵ൟDŽ

1ˊANSYSߚᵤ

佪‫ܜ‬ᅮНಲ䕀ԧⱘࠪ䴶˄೒10.26Ёⱘ䰈ᕅ䚼ߚ˅ˈ✊ৢˈᅮНಲ䕀䕈Ϟⱘ݇䬂⚍21੠
22ˈ䖛䖭ϸϾ⚍Ў䕈ˈᇚ䆹៾䴶ᮟ䕀90ᑺˈህৃҹᕫࠄ1/4䕂ᄤ䚼ߚDŽ✊ৢᮟ䕀Ꮉ԰䴶ⱘ⊩
㒓ࠄᭈԧതᷛ㋏ⱘy䕈ᮍ৥ˈ೼Ꮉ԰䴶ⱘ⊩㒓ᮍ৥ϞᅮН೚᷅ˈᇚ݊Ң䕂ᄤϞ‫ޣ‬এˈህᕫࠄ
䕂ᄤϞⱘᇣ೚ᄨњDŽϟ䴶ᰃᓎ῵ⱘ䆺㒚᪡԰䖛⿟˖

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೒10.26 䔺䕂ಲ䕀ԧࠪ䴶޴ԩሎᇌ⼎ᛣ೒

(1) ߙो‫ݍ‬ᅧ඘୉ੋd
ᣝ✻೒10.26᠔⼎ˈ⫼ᅮНⶽᔶഫⱘੑҸBLC4˄BLOCK˅ᅮНᎺϟ㾦೼˄2,0˅ˈᆑᑺ
Ў1ˈ催ᑺЎ5.5ⱘ‫ݙ‬ջ៾䴶A1˗Ꮊϟ㾦೼˄3,2˅ˈᆑᑺЎ5ˈ催ᑺЎ1ⱘЁ䚼៾䴶A2˗Ꮊϟ
㾦೼˄8,0˅ˈᆑᑺЎ0.5ˈ催ᑺЎ5ⱘ䖍㓬៾䴶A3DŽ⫼䴶ⳌࡴੑҸAADD˄Area ADD˅ᇚϞ
䴶3ഫ䴶⿃Ⳍࡴˈᕫࠄ䴶4˄བ೒10.27᠔⼎˅DŽ

೒10.27 ߽⫼ԧ㋴ᓎゟಲ䕀ԧࠪ䴶

(2) ඹ‫ݍݲੋڶ‬ᅧԄӾ‫ݍ‬ᅧ඘d
⫼݇䬂⚍ᅮНੑҸK˄Keypoint˅ᅮН䖛21ˈ22ⱘ䕀䕈˄བ೒10.26᠔⼎˅DŽ߽⫼ಲ䕀
᪡԰VROTA˄Volume ROTAte˅ੑҸҹ䖛21ˈ22ⱘ㒓Ў䕀䕈ˈᇚ䴶⿃4ಲ䕀90ᑺᕫࠄ1/4ಲ
䕀ԧ˄བ೒10.28᠔⼎˅DŽ

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೒10.28 ߽⫼ಲ䕀᪡԰ᕫࠄⱘ1/4ᅲԧ῵ൟ

(3) ဈ‫ߏڑ‬Ԥߙो໌ၕᅘ඘ൎၽԅٝᆴੋd
⫼K˄Keypoint˅ੑҸᅮН݇䬂⚍43(0,3,0)ˈ44(1,3,0)ˈ45(0,3,1)ˈ䗮䖛䖭3Ͼ݇䬂⚍ˈ
⫼KWPLAN˄Keypoint defined Work PLANe˅ੑҸᓎゟ43ࠄ44Ўx䕈ˈ43ࠄ45Ўy䕈ⱘሔ䚼
തᷛ㋏ˈेᇣ೚᷅ԧ᠔೼ⱘᎹ԰䴶DŽ
(4) ဈ඘߈௠඘੡গԄӾ଼໻ဟᅀѕԅ໌ࣄd
೼ᔧࠡᎹ԰䴶Ϟˈ⫼CYL4˄CYLinder˅ੑҸᓎゟ䕈㒓⊓ⴔᎹ԰䴶⊩㒓ᮍ৥˄ᭈԧതᷛ
㋏ⱘy䕈˅ˈ䭓ᑺЎ1ˈञᕘЎ0.5ⱘᇣ೚᷅ԧ˗⫼ԧ‫ޣ‬এԧੑҸVSBV˄Volume SuBtract
Volume˅ˈҢᅲԧ῵ൟЁ‫ޣ‬এᇣ೚᷅ԧᕫࠄᑇ㸠Ѣ䕈ᡓⱘᇣᄨDŽ
(5) ဈ/VIEWಁᄢ‫ڔ‬Г੦໸ֺ຿‫܊‬ē‫ڔ‬Г੦໸d
⫼/VIEW䆒㕂㾖ᆳԧ῵ൟⱘᮍ৥ˈᕫࠄབ೒10.29᠔⼎ⱘϝ㓈ᅲԧ῵ൟDŽ

೒10.29 ‫ޣ‬এᇣᄨৢⱘᅲԧ῵ൟ

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2ˊANSYS⿟ᑣ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎҹࠡ῵ഫ
/CLEAR ! ⏙䰸‫ݙ‬ᄬЁⱘ᠔᭄᳝᥂
/FileName, EX10.4 ! ᅮНᎹ⿟᭛ӊৡ⿄
/TITLE, EX10.4, SOLID MODELING SAMPLE: A WHEEL BY ROTATION.
/PREP7 ! 䖯ܹࠡ໘⧚῵ഫPREP7
! (1) ⫼ᓎゟᑇ䴶ⶽᔶⱘੑҸBLC4ᓎゟ៾䴶Ϟⱘ3Ͼⶽᔶ
BLC4,2,0,1,5.5 ! ೼˄2ˈ0˅ԡ㕂ᓎゟᆑᑺЎ1ˈ催ᑺЎ5.5ⱘ‫ݙ‬ջ៾䴶A1
BLC4,3,2,5,1 ! ೼˄3ˈ2˅ԡ㕂ᓎゟᆑᑺЎ5ˈ催ᑺЎ1ⱘЁ䚼៾䴶A2
BLC4,8,0,0.5,5 ! ೼˄8ˈ0˅ԡ㕂ᓎゟᆑᑺЎ0.5ˈ催ᑺЎ5ⱘ䖍㓬៾䴶A3
AADD,ALL ! ᇚϞ䴶3ഫ䴶⿃Ⳍࡴ,ᕫࠄ䴶⿃4
! (2) ᅮН䕀䕈,߽⫼ಲ䕀᪡԰ᕫࠄಲ䕀ԧ
K,21,0,0,0 ! ೼(0,0,0)ԡ㕂ᅮН䕀䕈Ϟⱘ݇䬂⚍21
K,22,0,5,0 ! ೼(0,5,0)ԡ㕂ᅮН䕀䕈Ϟⱘ݇䬂⚍22
VROTAT,4, , , , , ,21,22,90, , ! ᇚ䴶⿃4㒩21,21ᅮНⱘ䕈䕀90ᑺ⫳៤ԧ
! (3)䗮䖛݇䬂⚍ᅮНᇣ೚᷅ԧ᠔೼ⱘᎹ԰䴶
K,43,0,3,0 ! ೼(0,3,0)ԡ㕂ᅮН݇䬂⚍43
K,44,1,3,0 ! ೼(1,3,0)ԡ㕂ᅮН݇䬂⚍44
K,45,0,3,1 ! ೼(0,3,1)ԡ㕂ᅮН݇䬂⚍45
KWPLAN,1,43,44,45 ! 䖛݇䬂⚍43,44੠45ᅮНにষ1ЁⱘᎹ԰䴶
CSYS,0 ! ߛᤶതᷛ㋏ࠄ㋏㒳ⱘᭈԧⳈ㾦തᷛ㋏
! (4)ᓎゟᇣ೚᷅ԧ,䗮䖛‫ޣ‬এᇣ೚᷅ԧᕫࠄᑇ㸠Ѣ䕈ᡓⱘᇣᄨ
CYL4,5.5*cos(-45*3.14159/180),5.5*sin(-45*3.14159/180),0.5, , , ,1 ! ᅮН䕂Ϟञ
ᕘ0.5,催ᑺЎ1ⱘᇣ೚ᄨ
VSBV,All,2 ! ߽⫼ԧⳌ‫⫳ޣ‬៤ᇣ೚ᄨ
! (5)䆒㕂㾖ᆳԧ῵ൟⱘᮍ৥
/VIEW, 1 ,1,1,1 ! ᬍব㾖ᆳᮍ৥ࠄԡ㕂(1,1,1)ᣛ৥തᷛ೚⚍
/ANG, 1 ! ᮟ䕀῵ൟ
/auto ! ҹ᳔Շ↨՟ᰒ⼎
VPlot ! 䞡㒬ԧ⿃

10.5 䕈ᡓᬃᑻⱘᅲԧᓎ῵

䆩ᓎゟབ೒10.30᠔⼎ⱘϝ㓈῵ൟˈᑊ䅵ㅫᅗⱘԧ⿃DŽ

1ˊ⧚䆎ߚᵤ

䆹῵ൟᑩ䚼ᰃϔϾᮍᔶⱘᑩᑻˈϞ䴶Ё䯈ԡ㕂ᰃ䕈ᡓ༫ˈϸջᰃᬃᶊˈᬃᶊϞⱘ೚ᄨ
੠ᑩᑻϞⱘ೎ᅮᄨᄨᕘⳌৠDŽ߽⫼ANSYSⱘAPDLᓎ῵䇁㿔ˈ佪‫ܜ‬䳔㽕ߚᵤ⏙Ἦ৘㒘៤䚼
ߚⱘ⡍ᕕ੠⫳៤ᮍ⊩ˈ✊ৢ߽⫼ԧ㋴ᓎ῵੠Ꮧᇨ᪡԰ˈ⫳៤Ⳍᑨ䚼ߚDŽ䖭䞠䳔㽕⊼ᛣⱘᰃ˖
෎ᴀԧ㋴ⱘ⫳៤ᮍԡϔ㠀ᘏᰃⳌᇍѢᎹ԰䴶ⱘˈ᠔ҹᓎゟ෎ᴀԧ㋴Пࠡ䳔㽕ᇚᎹ԰䴶⿏ࡼ

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ᑊ䕀ࡼࠄⳌᑨⱘԡ㕂੠ᮍԡDŽ䖭Ͼ῵ൟՓ⫼њANSYSⱘ෎ᴀԧ㋴੠Ꮧᇨ䖤ㅫㄝ᪡԰ˈ᳔ৢ
߽⫼њ㉬᥹˄GLUE˅ੑҸড়ᑊ῵ൟЎϔϾᭈԧDŽᓎゟ䖭Ͼ῵ൟⱘЏ㽕‫݋‬ԧℹ偸བϟDŽ

೒10.30 䕈ᡓᬃᑻⱘϝ㓈ᅲԧ῵ൟ೒ঞሎᇌ

݊Ёⱘᓎ῵䖛⿟໻㟈ᰃ˖
ď1ĐՇ࿌ൎပ‫ࣅ·ݮ‬ᄥѤӊนઝӉέ२d
ď2ĐՇ࿌ԘᆶϦ‫ࡧד‬໹ࣖۤ‫܊‬Ϧࡧ໹ࣖē‫އ‬ဗੋᄆޯۤᆰੋᄆޯd
ᇚᭈԧതᷛ㋏੠߱ྟᎹ԰䴶ᬒ㕂೼Ꮊেᇍ⿄䴶ˈᑩᑻ乊䴶੠㚠䴶ⱘѸ⚍ԡ㕂DŽ⫼ⶽᔶ
ഫੑҸBLOCKˈᣛᅮϸϾᇍ㾦ԡ㕂˄X1, X2, Y1, Y2, Z1, Z2˅ᓎゟᑩᑻDŽ佪‫ܜ‬ᓎゟX೼˄B1/2,
B1/2˅ˈY೼˄0,H1˅ˈZ೼˄0,D1˅㣗ೈ‫ⶽⱘݙ‬ᔶഫᑩᑻDŽᓎゟX೼˄B2/2, B2/2˅ˈY
೼˄0,H2˅ˈZ೼˄0, D2˅㣗ೈ‫ⱘݙ‬Ё䯈䕈ᡓ༫᠔೼ⱘⶽᔶഫDŽ⊓ⴔX䕈ᮍ৥⿏ࡼᎹ԰䴶ॳ
⚍ࠄ˄B2/2, 0, 0˅ˈ೼ᔧࠡᎹ԰䴶ⱘതᷛ㋏ϟˈ߽⫼ⶽᔶഫੑҸBLOCKᓎゟҢ˄0, B3, 0˅
ࠄ˄H2, 0, D4˅ⱘেᬃᶊ;⊓ⴔX䕈ᮍ৥⿏ࡼᎹ԰䴶ॳ⚍ࠄ˄B2/2, 0, 0˅ˈ೼ᔧࠡᎹ԰䴶ⱘ
തᷛ㋏ϟˈ⫼ⶽᔶഫੑҸBLOCKᓎゟҢ˄0,B3, 0˅ࠄ˄H2, 0, D4˅ⱘᎺᬃᶊDŽᓎゟৢⱘ
῵ൟབ೒10.31᠔⼎DŽ
ď3ĐՇ࿌͖ၕЂൎၽสᄢԅᅀēඹ‫ڶ‬඘ອ߈Ѐᆴಓю͖ၕЂd
⊓ⴔY䕈ᮍ৥⿏ࡼᎹ԰䴶ॳ⚍ࠄ˄0,H2,0˅ˈ೼ᔧࠡᎹ԰䴶ⱘതᷛ㋏ϟˈ⫼೚᷅ԧੑҸ
ĀCYLIND,RAD1, RAD2, Z1, Z2, THETA1, THETA2 āˈᓎゟ‫ݙ‬ञᕘRAD1=0ˈ໪ञᕘ
RAD2=D3/2ˈҢᎹ԰䴶ㅫ䍋ˈ催ᑺЎB2ⱘ360ᑺᅲᖗ೚᷅ԧDŽ⫼ԧ‫ޣ‬এԧੑҸVSBV˄Volume
SuBtract Volume˅Ң2োԧ‫ޣ‬এ5োԧˈ⫳៤ञ೚ῑDŽ⫳៤ञ೚ῑৢⱘ῵ൟབ೒10.32᠔⼎DŽ
ď4ĐྭՎٝᆴੋēߙोၕᅘ඘ēඹ‫߈ڶ‬௠ၕᅘ඘ಓюဗᄆޯۤᆰᄆޯ౨ԅࣄd
೼েᬃᶊᄨ᠔೼ԡ㕂˄B2/2+(B1B2)/4, H3ˈ0˅ᅮН11োሔ䚼തᷛ㋏Ў᷅തᷛ㋏ˈ⫼
WPCSYSᇚᎹ԰䴶⿏ࡼࠄϢ11োሔ䚼തᷛ㋏䞡ড়ˈ⫼೚᷅ԧੑҸCYLIND೼Ꮉ԰䴶೚⚍໘
ᓎゟञᕘЎR1ˈ催ᑺЎ20ⱘ೚᷅ԧ˄েᬃᶊⱘゟᄨԡ㕂˅DŽ⫼ԧ‫ޣ‬এԧੑҸVSBV˄Volume
SuBtract Volume˅Ң3োԧ‫ޣ‬এ5োԧˈ⫳៤েᬃᶊϞⱘᬃᡓᄨDŽ

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 ㄀ゴᑇ䴶ᓎ῵ߚᵤ੠ϝ㓈ᅲԧᓎ῵

೒10.31 ⫼ⶽᔶഫੑҸᓎゟⱘ䕈ᡓᬃᑻⱘᑩᑻ੠Џԧ䚼ߚ

೒10.32 ߽⫼‫ޣ‬এ೚᷅ԧⱘ᪡԰⫳៤ⱘЁ䯈ञ೚ῑ

೼Ꮊᬃᶊᄨ᠔೼ԡ㕂˄B2/2(B1B2)/4, H3, 0˅ᅮН12োሔ䚼തᷛ㋏Ў᷅തᷛ㋏ˈ⫼

WPCSYSᇚᎹ԰䴶⿏ࡼࠄϢ12োሔ䚼തᷛ㋏䞡ড়ˈ⫼CYLINDੑҸ೼Ꮉ԰䴶೚⚍໘ᓎゟञ
ᕘЎR1ˈ催ᑺЎ20ⱘ೚᷅ԧ˄Ꮊᬃᶊⱘゟᄨԡ㕂˅DŽ⫼ԧ‫ޣ‬এԧੑҸVSBV˄Volume SuBtract
Volume˅Ң4োԧ‫ޣ‬এ2োԧˈ⫳៤ᎺᬃᶊϞⱘᬃᡓᄨDŽ⫳៤ञ೚ῑৢⱘ῵ൟབ೒10.33᠔⼎DŽ
ď5ĐՇ࿌Ԙੋ౨ԅᄆѕࣄd
೼ᑩ䴶Ϟ⿏ࡼᎹ԰䴶ࠄে䖍ᑩᄨԡ㕂ˈᓎゟ೚᷅ԧˈ䗮䖛‫ޣ‬এԧ᪡԰⫳៤েᑩᄨDŽ⫼
ᘶ໡തᷛ㋏ੑҸCSYS˄Coordinate SYStem˅ˈᘶ໡ࠄ咬䅸ⱘᭈԧⳈ㾦തᷛ㋏ˈᎹ԰䴶ᘶ໡
ࠄᭈԧതᷛ㋏ॳ⚍DŽ⫼Ꮉ԰䴶⿏ࡼੑҸWPAVE˄WorkPlane PAVE˅ᇚᎹ԰䴶⿏ࡼࠄে䖍
ᑩᄨԡ㕂˄B2/2+(B1B2)/4, 0, D1*0.75˅ˈ⫼Ꮉ԰䴶ᮟ䕀ੑҸWPROTA˄WorkPlane ROTAte˅
ᇚᎹ԰䴶㒩X䕈䕀ࡼ90ᑺDŽ೼Ꮉ԰䴶೚⚍໘⫼೚᷅ԧᅮНੑҸCYLINDᓎゟञᕘЎR1ˈ催

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ᑺЎ30ⱘ೚᷅ԧ˄ে䴶ⱘᑩᄨԡ㕂˅DŽ⫼ԧ‫ޣ‬এԧੑҸVSBV˄Volume SuBtract Volume˅

Ң1োԧ‫ޣ‬এ2োԧˈ⫳៤ᑩ䴶েջⱘᬃᡓ೚ᄨDŽ

೒10.33 ߽⫼‫ޣ‬এ೚᷅ⱘᮍ⊩⫳៤ⱘᎺেᬃᶊԡ㕂ⱘ೚ᄨ

⫼Ꮉ԰䴶⿏ࡼੑҸWPOFFS˄WorkPlane OFFSet˅ᇚᎹ԰䴶⊓ⴔx䕈 ⿏ ࡼB2(B1

B2)/2˗೼Ꮉ԰䴶೚⚍໘⫼೚᷅ԧᅮНੑҸCYLINDᓎゟञᕘЎR1ˈ催ᑺЎ30ⱘ೚᷅ԧ˄Ꮊ
䴶ⱘᑩᄨԡ㕂˅ˈ⫼ԧ‫ޣ‬এԧੑҸVSBV˄Volume SuBtract Volume˅Ң4োԧЁ‫ޣ‬এ1োԧˈ
⫳៤ᑩ䴶Ꮊջⱘᬃᡓ೚ᄨDŽ⫳៤ञ೚ῑৢⱘ῵ൟབ೒10.34᠔⼎DŽ

೒10.34 ߽⫼‫ޣ‬এ೚᷅ⱘᮍ⊩⫳៤ⱘᑩᑻϸ䖍ⱘ೚ᄨ

ď6ĐಓюဗᄆޯۤᆰᄆޯԅӺၕd
೼ᵕതᷛ㋏ϟˈᓎゟেᬃᶊ‫צ‬೚ԡ㕂ⱘ೚᷅ᔶ᳆䴶ˈ䗮䖛ԧ‫ޣ‬এ䴶ⱘ᪡԰៾ᓔԧˈߴ
䰸໮ԭ䚼ߚҹ⫳៤েᬃᶊⱘ‫צ‬೚DŽ

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⫼ᘶ໡തᷛ㋏ੑҸCSYS˄Coordinate SYStem˅ˈ▔⌏ࠡ䴶ᅮН䖛ⱘ11ো᷅തᷛ㋏DŽ೼
ᵕതᷛ˄(B1B2)/4, 0, 0˅ԡ㕂⫼݇䬂⚍ᅮНੑҸK˄Keypoint˅ᅮН݇䬂⚍100ˈৠᯊ䖬ᅮ
Н101˄(B1B2)/4, 90, 0˅ˈ102˄(B1B2)/4, 90, 20˅੠103˄(B1B2)/4, 0, 20˅DŽ⫼䴶ᅮН
ੑҸA˄Area˅ˈ䖛݇䬂⚍105ˈ106ˈ107ˈ108⫳៤‫צ‬೚᠔㽕Փ⫼ⱘ䴶DŽ⫼ԧ‫ޣ‬এ䴶ੑҸ
VSBA˄Volume SuBtract Area˅Ң5োԧЁ‫ޣ‬এ3ো䴶ˈ⫳៤েᬃᶊ‫צ‬೚᳆䴶ˈĀSEPOā䗝
乍㸼⼎៾ᓔⱘ䴶ᰃߚ⾏ⱘDŽ⫼ԧߴ䰸ੑҸVDELE˄Volume DELEte˅ߴ䰸1োԧঞ݊ҹϟ᠔
᳝ԧ㋴DŽ
೼ᵕതᷛ㋏ϟˈᓎゟᎺᬃᶊ‫צ‬೚ԡ㕂ⱘ೚᷅ᔶ᳆䴶ˈ䗮䖛ԧ‫ޣ‬এ䴶ੑҸVSBA˄Volume
SuBtract Area˅៾ᓔԧˈߴ䰸໮ԭ䚼ߚҹ⫳៤Ꮊᬃᶊⱘ‫צ‬೚DŽ⫼CSYS▔⌏ࠡ䴶ᅮН䖛ⱘ12
োതᷛ㋏ˈ⫼ੑҸKᅮН݇䬂⚍105˄(B1B2)/4, 180,0˅ˈ106˄(B1B2)/4, 90, 0˅ˈ107
˄(B1B2)/4, 90, 20˅੠108˄(B1B2)/4, 180, 20˅DŽ⫼䴶ᅮНੑҸA˄Area˅ˈ䖛݇䬂⚍105ˈ
106ˈ107ˈ108⫳៤‫צ‬೚᠔㽕Փ⫼ⱘ䴶DŽ⫼ԧ‫ޣ‬এ䴶ੑҸVSBA˄Volume SuBtract Area˅Ң
3োԧЁ‫ޣ‬এ3ো䴶ˈ⫳៤Ꮊᬃᶊ‫צ‬೚ˈĀSEPOā䗝乍㸼⼎៾ᓔⱘ䴶ᰃߚ⾏ⱘDŽ⫼ԧߴ䰸ੑ
ҸVDELE˄Volume DELEte˅ˈߴ䰸1োԧঞ݊ҹϟ᠔᳝ԧ㋴DŽ⫳៤ञ೚ῑৢⱘ῵ൟབ೒10.35
᠔⼎DŽ

೒10.35 ߽⫼᳆䴶ߚࡆᔶ៤‫צ‬೚䚼ߚ

ď7Đߜൎပ඘ඹ‫ڶ‬ႴࠄďGLUEĐ॓ࠒนྡྷّჼ඘d
ď8Đ஭ܰມವ੦಴ēມವಓю඘ԅெࣣd
⫼Ā/TYPE,1,4āᅮНにষ1ⱘ೒ᔶᰒ⼎ᮍᓣЎ4˄㊒⹂䱤㮣ᰒ⼎˅ˈ⫼Ā/VIEW,1,1,2,3ā
䆒㕂にষ1ⱘ㾖ᆳ㾦ᑺЎҢ˄1ˈ2ˈ3˅ࠄതᷛॳ⚍ᮍ৥ˈ⫼Ā/AUTO,1āᇚ῵ൟҹ᳔Շ↨
՟ᰒ⼎೼೒ᔶにষˈ⫼Ā/TRIAD,OFFā݇䯁ᘏԧതᷛ㋏ⱘതᷛ䕈ᰒ⼎˗⫼㒬ࠊԧੑҸ
ĀVPLOTāᰒ⼎ᓎゟདⱘԧDŽ⫳៤དⱘϝ㓈ᅲԧ῵ൟབ೒10.36᠔⼎DŽ

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೒10.36 ᓎゟᅠ៤ⱘ䕈ᡓᬃᑻϝ㓈ᅲԧ῵ൟ

ď9Đ‫ޙ‬സᆙ඘‫ݲ‬ēӉదέ२ωມವൎပέ२ԅᄔd
ď10Đߜ඘‫ޙݲ‬സࠒ‫ڴ‬Ӊదࠒ‫ڴ‬ำߑēωມವუّำߑԅઝఘd

2ˊANSYS⿟ᑣ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎҹࠡⱘ῵ഫ
/CLEAR,START ! ⏙䰸㋏㒳Ёⱘ᠔᭄᳝᥂,䇏ܹਃࡼ᭛ӊⱘ䆒㕂
/PREP7 ! 䖯ܹࠡ໘⧚῵ഫ
/FILENAME, EX10.5 ! ᅮНᎹ⿟᭛ӊৡ⿄
/TITLE, EX10.5 SOLID MODEL OF AN AXIAL BEARING ! ᣛᅮᷛ乬
/COM ANY BASIC GEOMETRY TEXT ! ⊼䞞
! (1)ᅮН᠔᳝෎ᴀ᥻ࠊሎᇌ
B1=200 ! ᑩᑻᆑᑺBASEWD=200mm
D1=100 ! ᑩᑻ८ᑺBASEDP=100mm!
H1=25 ! ᑩᑻ催ᑺBASEHT=25mm
B2=100 ! 䕈ᡓ༫ᆑᑺBRNGWD=100mm
D2=75 ! 䕈ᡓ༫८ᑺBRNGDP=75mm
H2=50 ! 䕈ᡓ༫催ᑺBRNGHT=50mm
D3=90 ! ञ೚ῑⳈᕘGRVDIA=90mm
B3=50 ! ᬃᶊᆑᑺBRCKWD=50mm
D4=13 ! ᬃᶊ८ᑺBRCKDP=13mm
H3=H2/2 ! ᬃᡓᄨ催ᑺSPRTHT=H2/2
R1=12.5 ! ᬃᡓᄨञᕘSPRTRAD=12.5mm
! (2)⫳៤ᑩᑻ䚼ߚⶽᔶഫ੠ৢ䚼ⶽᔶഫ,ে䴶ᬃᶊ੠Ꮊ䴶ᬃᶊ

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! ߽⫼ᣛᅮϸϾᇍ㾦ԡ㕂(X1, X2, Y1, Y2, Z1, Z2)ⱘⶽᔶഫੑҸBLOCK, ᓎゟᑩᑻ

BLOCK,-B1/2,B1/2,0,-H1,0,D1 ! ⫼ ੑ Ҹ BLOCK ᓎ ゟ Ң ത ᷛ ԡ 㕂 (-B1/2,B1/2,0) ࠄ
(-H1,0,D1)ⱘᑩᑻ
BLOCK,-B2/2,B2/2,0,H2,0,D2 ! ⫼ੑҸBLOCKᓎゟҢ(-B2/2, B2/2, 0)ࠄ(H2,0,D2)ⱘЁ䯈
䕈ᡓ༫᠔೼ⱘⶽᔶഫ
WPAVE,B2/2,0,0 ! ⊓ⴔx䕈ᮍ৥⿏ࡼᎹ԰䴶ॳ⚍ࠄ(B2/2,0,0), ϟ䴶᪡԰ⱘതᷛ䛑ᰃ෎Ѣᔧ
ࠡⱘതᷛ㋏ⱘതᷛؐ
BLOCK,0,B3,0,H2,0,D4 ! ߽⫼ⶽᔶഫੑҸBLOCKᓎゟҢ(0,B3,0)ࠄ(H2,0,D4)ⱘেᬃᶊ
WPAVE,-B2/2,0,0 ! ⊓ⴔx䕈ᮍ৥⿏ࡼᎹ԰䴶ॳ⚍ࠄ(-B2/2,0,0), ϟ䴶᪡԰ⱘതᷛ䛑ᰃ෎Ѣ
ᔧࠡⱘതᷛ㋏ⱘതᷛؐ
BLOCK,0,-B3,0,H2,0,D4 ! ߽⫼ⶽᔶഫੑҸBLOCKᓎゟҢ(0,-B3,0)ࠄ(H2,0,D4)ⱘᎺᬃᶊ
! (3) ᅮНञ೚ῑ᠔೼ԡ㕂ⱘ䕈, 䗮䖛ԧⳌ‫ޣ‬᪡԰⫳៤ञ೚ῑ
WPAVE,0,H2,0 ! ⊓ⴔy䕈ᮍ৥⿏ࡼᎹ԰䴶ॳ⚍ࠄ(0,H2,0)
! Փ⫼೚᷅ԧੑҸCYLIND,RAD1, RAD2, Z1, Z2, THETA1, THETA2 , ᓎゟ‫ݙ‬ञᕘЎ䳊, ໪ञᕘЎ
D3/2, ҢᎹ԰䴶ᓔྟࠄ催ᑺB2ԡ㕂ⱘ360ᑺᅲᖗ೚᷅ԧ(Ё䯈ⱘञ೚ῑᅲԧ)
CYLIND,0,D3/2,0,B2 ! ᓎゟ‫ݙ‬ञᕘ=0, ໪ञᕘ=D3/2, 䍋ྟ催ᑺ=0, ‫ޚ‬ℶ催ᑺ=B2
VSBV,2,5 ! ߽⫼ԧ‫ޣ‬এԧੑҸVSBV(Volume SuBtract Volume)Ң2োԧ‫ޣ‬এ5োԧ(ञ೚ῑ
ᅲԧ), ⫳៤ञ೚ῑ
! (4) ⿏ࡼᎹ԰䴶, ᓎゟ೚᷅ԧ, 䗮䖛‫ޣ‬এ೚᷅ԧ⫳៤েᬃᑻ੠ᎺᬃᑻϞⱘᄨ
! ೼েᬃᑻᄨ᠔೼ԡ㕂ᓎゟሔ䚼തᷛ㋏11੠೚᷅ԧ, 䗮䖛‫ޣ‬এ೚᷅ⱘ᪡԰⫳៤েᬃᑻϞⱘᄨ
LOCAL,11,1,B2/2+(B1-B2)/4,H3 ! ೼(B2/2+(B1-B2)/4, H3, 0)ᅮН11োሔ䚼തᷛ㋏Ў᷅ത
ᷛ㋏
WPCSYS,1,11 ! ᇚᎹ԰䴶⿏ࡼࠄϢ11োሔ䚼തᷛ㋏䞡ড়
CYLIND,0,R1,0,20 ! ⫼೚᷅ԧੑҸCYLIND೼Ꮉ԰䴶೚⚍໘ᓎゟञᕘЎR1, 催ᑺЎ20ⱘ೚᷅ԧ(ে
ᬃᑻⱘゟᄨԡ㕂)
VSBV,3,2 ! ߽⫼ԧ‫ޣ‬এԧੑҸVSBV(Volume SuBtract Volume)Ң3োԧ‫ޣ‬এ5োԧ, ⫳៤েᬃ
ᑻϞⱘᬃᡓᄨ
! ೼Ꮊᬃᑻᄨ᠔೼ԡ㕂ᓎゟሔ䚼തᷛ㋏12੠೚᷅ԧ, 䗮䖛‫ޣ‬এ೚᷅ⱘ᪡԰⫳៤Ꮊᬃᑻԡ㕂ⱘᄨ
LOCAL,12,1,-B2/2-(B1-B2)/4,H3 ! ೼(-B2/2-(B1-B2)/4,H3)ᅮН12োሔ䚼തᷛ㋏Ў᷅ത
ᷛ㋏
WPCSYS,1,12 ! ᇚᎹ԰䴶⿏ࡼࠄϢ12োሔ䚼തᷛ㋏䞡ড়
CYLIND,0,R1,0,20 ! ೼Ꮉ԰䴶೚⚍໘ᓎゟञᕘЎR1, 催ᑺ20ⱘ೚᷅ԧ(Ꮊᬃᑻゟᄨԡ㕂)
VSBV,4,2 ! ߽⫼ԧ‫ޣ‬এԧੑҸVSBV(Volume SuBtract Volume)Ң4োԧ‫ޣ‬এ2োԧ, ⫳៤Ꮊ
ᬃᑻϞⱘᬃᡓᄨ
! (5) ᅮНᑩ䴶Ϟⱘᬃᡓᄨ
! ೼ᑩ䴶Ϟ⿏ࡼᎹ԰䴶ࠄে䖍ᑩᄨԡ㕂, ᓎゟ೚᷅ԧ, 䗮䖛‫ޣ‬এԧ᪡԰⫳៤েᑩᄨ
CSYS,0 ! ᘶ໡ࠄ咬䅸ⱘᭈԧⳈ㾦തᷛ㋏, Ꮉ԰䴶ᘶ໡ࠄᭈԧതᷛ㋏ॳ⚍
WPAVE,B2/2+(B1-B2)/4,,D1*0.75 ! ᇚᎹ԰䴶⿏ࡼࠄ(B2/2+(B1-B2)/4,0,D1*0.75)
WPROTA,,90 ! ᇚᎹ԰䴶㒩X䕈䕀ࡼ90ᑺ
CYLIND,0,R1,0,30 ! ೼Ꮉ԰䴶೚⚍໘⫼೚᷅ԧᅮНੑҸCYLINDᓎゟञᕘЎR1, 催ᑺЎ30ⱘ೚᷅ԧ
(ে䴶ⱘᑩᄨԡ㕂)
VSBV,1,2 ! ߽⫼ԧ‫ޣ‬এԧੑҸVSBV(Volume SuBtract Volume)Ң1োԧ‫ޣ‬এ2োԧ, ⫳៤ᑩ
䴶েջⱘᬃᡓ೚ᄨ
! ೼ᑩ䴶Ϟ⿏ࡼᎹ԰䴶ࠄᎺ䖍ᑩᄨԡ㕂, ᓎゟ೚᷅ԧ, 䗮䖛‫ޣ‬এԧ᪡԰⫳៤Ꮊᑩᄨ

429
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

WPOFFS,-B2-(B1-B2)/2 ! ᇚᎹ԰䴶⊓ⴔx䕈⿏ࡼ-B2 -(B1 -B2)/2

CYLIND,0,R1,0,30 ! ೼Ꮉ԰䴶೚⚍໘⫼೚᷅ԧᅮНੑҸCYLINDᓎゟञᕘЎR1, 催ᑺЎ30ⱘ೚᷅
ԧ(Ꮊ䴶ⱘᑩᄨԡ㕂)
VSBV,4,1 ! ߽⫼ԧ‫ޣ‬এԧੑҸVSBV(Volume SuBtract Volume)Ң4োԧЁ‫ޣ‬এ1োԧ,
⫳៤ᑩ䴶Ꮊջⱘᬃᡓ೚ᄨ
! (6) ⫳៤েᬃᑻ੠Ꮊᬃᑻⱘ‫צ‬೚
! ೼ᵕതᷛ㋏ϟ, ᓎゟেᬃᑻ‫צ‬೚ԡ㕂ⱘ೚᷅ᔶ᳆䴶, 䗮䖛ԧ‫ޣ‬এ䴶ⱘ᪡԰៾ᓔԧ, ߴ䰸໮ԭ䚼ߚҹ⫳៤
েᬃᑻⱘ‫צ‬೚
CSYS,11 ! ▔⌏ࠡ䴶ᅮН䖛ⱘ11ো᷅തᷛ㋏
K,100,(B1-B2)/4,0,0 ! ೼ᵕതᷛ((B1-B2)/4,0,0)ԡ㕂ᅮН݇䬂⚍100
K,101,(B1-B2)/4,90,0 ! ೼ᵕതᷛ((B1-B2)/4,90,0)ԡ㕂ᅮН݇䬂⚍101
K,102,(B1-B2)/4,90,20 ! ೼ᵕതᷛ((B1-B2)/4,90,20)ԡ㕂ᅮН݇䬂⚍102
K,103,(B1-B2)/4,0,20 ! ೼ᵕതᷛ((B1-B2)/4,0,20)ԡ㕂ᅮН݇䬂⚍103
A,100,101,102,103 ! ⫼䴶ᅮНੑҸA(Area), 䖛݇䬂⚍105, 106, 107, 108⫳៤‫צ‬೚᠔
㽕Փ⫼ⱘ䴶
VSBA,5,3,SEPO ! ⫼ԧ‫ޣ‬এ䴶ੑҸVSBA(Volume SuBtract Area)Ң5োԧЁ‫ޣ‬এ3ো䴶, ⫳
៤েᬃᑻ‫צ‬೚˗ĀSEPOā䗝乍㸼⼎៾ᓔⱘ䴶ᰃߚ⾏ⱘDŽ
VDELE,1,,,1 ! ⫼ԧߴ䰸ੑҸVDELE(Volume DELEte)ߴ䰸1োԧঞ݊ҹϟ᠔᳝ԧ㋴
! ೼ᵕതᷛ㋏ϟ, ᓎゟᎺᬃᑻ‫צ‬೚ԡ㕂ⱘ೚᷅ᔶ᳆䴶, 䗮䖛ԧ‫ޣ‬এ䴶ੑҸVSBA(Volume SuBtract
Area)៾ᓔԧ, ߴ䰸໮ԭ䚼ߚҹ⫳៤Ꮊᬃᑻⱘ‫צ‬೚
CSYS,12 ! ▔⌏ࠡ䴶ᅮН䖛ⱘ12োതᷛ㋏
K,105,(B1-B2)/4,180,0 ! ೼ᵕതᷛ((B1-B2)/4,180,0)ԡ㕂ᅮН݇䬂⚍105
K,106,(B1-B2)/4,90,0 ! ೼ᵕതᷛ((B1-B2)/4,90,0)ԡ㕂ᅮН݇䬂⚍106
K,107,(B1-B2)/4,90,20 ! ೼ᵕതᷛ((B1-B2)/4,90,20)ԡ㕂ᅮН݇䬂⚍107
K,108,(B1-B2)/4,180,20 ! ೼ᵕതᷛ((B1-B2)/4,180,20)ԡ㕂ᅮН݇䬂⚍108
A,105,106,107,108 ! ⫼䴶ᅮНੑҸA(Area), 䖛݇䬂⚍105, 106, 107, 108⫳៤‫צ‬೚᠔
㽕Փ⫼ⱘ䴶
VSBA,3,3,SEPO ! ⫼ԧ‫ޣ‬এ䴶ੑҸVSBA(Volume SuBtract Area)Ң3োԧЁ‫ޣ‬এ3ো䴶, ⫳
៤Ꮊᬃᑻ‫צ‬೚˗ĀSEPOā䗝乍㸼⼎៾ᓔⱘ䴶ᰃߚ⾏ⱘDŽ
VDELE,1,,,1 ! ⫼ԧߴ䰸ੑҸVDELE(Volume DELEte), ߴ䰸1োԧঞ݊ҹϟ᠔᳝ԧ㋴
! (7) ᇚ᠔᳝ԧ䗮䖛㉬᥹(GLUE)㘨㒧ЎϔϾᭈԧ
VGLUE,ALL ! ᇚ᠔᳝ԧ㉬(GLUE)೼ϔ䍋
! (8) ߛᤶᰒ⼎῵ᓣ, ᰒ⼎⫳៤ԧⱘᚙ‫މ‬
/TYPE,1,4 ! ᅮНにষ1ⱘ೒ᔶᰒ⼎ᮍᓣЎ4(㊒⹂䱤㮣ᰒ⼎)
/VIEW,1,1,2,3 ! 䆒㕂にষ1ⱘ㾖ᆳ㾦ᑺЎҢ(1, 2, 3)ࠄതᷛॳ⚍ᮍ৥
/AUTO,1 ! ᇚ῵ൟҹ᳔Շ↨՟ᰒ⼎೼೒ᔶにষ
/TRIAD,OFF ! ݇䯁ᘏԧതᷛ㋏ⱘതᷛ䕈ᰒ⼎
VPLOT ! ᰒ⼎ᓎゟདⱘԧ
! (9) 䅵ㅫᘏԧ⿃, ᄬܹব䞣ᑊᰒ⼎᠔᳝ব䞣ⱘؐ
VSUM ! 䅵ㅫᘏԧ⿃
*GET,TVOL,VOLU,,VOLU ! 㦋ᕫᘏԧ⿃, ᑊᄬܹব䞣TVOL
*status,parm ! ᰒ⼎᠔᳝‫ݙ‬ᄬব䞣ⱘؐ
! (10) ᇚԧ⿃䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰᄬܹ㒧ᵰ᭛ӊ, ᑊᰒ⼎䖭Ͼ᭛ӊⱘ‫ݙ‬ᆍ
*DIM,VALUE,,1,3 ! ᅮН1ˆ3ᄫヺൟ᭄㒘LABEL

430
 ㄀ゴᑇ䴶ᓎ῵ߚᵤ੠ϝ㓈ᅲԧᓎ῵

*DIM,LABEL,CHAR,1,2 ! ᅮН1ˆ2᭄ؐൟ᭄㒘VALUE
LABEL(1,1) = 'VOLUME ' ! 㒭LABELⱘ㄀1߫䌟ؐ
LABEL(1,2) = 'NO UNTS ' ! 㒭LABELⱘ㄀2߫䌟ؐ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,1),DATA,657557 ! 㒭VALUEⱘ㄀1߫䌟⧚䆎ؐ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,2),DATA,TVOL ! 㒭VALUEⱘ㄀2߫䌟᳝䰤‫ܗ‬䅵ㅫؐ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,3),DATA,ABS(TVOL/657557) ! 㒭VALUEⱘ㄀3߫䌟↨ؐ
/COM
/OUT, EX10_5,out ! ᇚ䕧ߎ‫ݙ‬ᆍ䞡ᅮ৥ࠄ᭛ӊEX10_5.out
/COM,------------------- EX10.5 RESULTS COMPARISON--------------
/COM,
/COM, | TARGET | ANSYS | RATIO
/COM,
/COM,
*VWRITE,LABEL(1,1),LABEL(1,2),VALUE(1,1),VALUE(1,2),VALUE(1,3)
(1X,A8,A8,' ',F10.3,' ',F10.3,' ',1F8.3)
/COM,----------------------------------------------------------
/OUT ! 㒧ᴳ᭄᥂䞡ᅮ৥, ݇䯁䕧ߎ᭛ӊ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎ∖㾷῵ഫSOLU
*LIST,EX10_5, out ! ߫㸼ᰒ⼎᭛ӊEX10_5.outⱘ‫ݙ‬ᆍ

3ˊ㒧ᵰ䅼䆎

䗮䖛ᠻ㸠Ϟ䴶ⱘҷⷕˈ⫳៤њབ೒10.36᠔⼎ⱘϝ㓈ᅲԧ῵ൟDŽᑊ䅵ㅫߎᅗⱘԧ⿃ᰃ
657558ゟᮍ↿㉇ˈ੠⧚䆎ؐⳌ↨ᅠܼϔ㟈DŽ

431
 ㄀1ゴ ㅔऩᢝय़ᴚ㒧ᵘ

せ』ᰯчࡅ䃭䃐

11.1 ᳔Ӭ࣪䆒䅵㒾䆎
䖥ᑈᴹ㛑⑤ⱘॅᴎ੠ѻકⱘゲѝ䍞ᴹ䍞▔⚜ˈབԩ‫ޣ‬ᇥ㛑⑤⍜㗫ǃ䰡Ԣ⫳ѻ៤ᴀ੠ᦤ
催ѻકક䋼ˈᏆ៤ЎϔϾ䴲ᐌ䞡㽕ⱘ䇒丠DŽ᳔Ӭ࣪䆒䅵䰸њৃҹ䰡Ԣࠊ䗴៤ᴀ੠‫ޣ‬ᇥ㛑⑤
⍜㗫ˈг㛑ᬍ୘ѻક໪ᔶǃᦤ催ѻકક䋼DŽ಴ℸˈ᳔Ӭ࣪䆒䅵ⱘὖᗉᏆ㒣䗤⏤ফࠄᎹϮ⬠
ⱘ䞡㾚ˈϟ䴶䩜ᇍ᳔Ӭ࣪䆒䅵ⱘ䞡㽕ᗻ‫خ‬ϔㅔऩᔦ㒇˖
1˅‫ޣ‬ᇥ䳊ӊࠊ䗴ᯊ᠔䳔ⱘᴤ᭭ˈᴹ䰡Ԣࠊ䗴៤ᴀ੠䖤䕧៤ᴀDŽ
2˅⬅Ѣᴤ᭭ⱘ‫ޣ‬ᇥˈՓᕫѻકᭈԧ䞡䞣໻ᐙ䰡Ԣ˗Ⳍᇍഄˈѻક䞡䞣䰡Ԣˈ㛑䞣⍜㗫
‫ޣ‬ᇥǃ㋏㒳ᬜ⥛๲ࡴˈ಴ℸг㛑䖒ࠄ⦃๗ֱᡸⱘⳂⱘDŽ
3˅䰡Ԣᑨ࡯ǃ๲ࡴ㒧ᵘᔋᑺDŽ
4˅ᔶ⢊᳔Ӭ࣪䆒䅵ⱘ᳔㒜㒧ᵰ䰸њৃ‫ޣ‬ᇥᴤ᭭ˈৠᯊৃҹᬍ୘ѻક໪ൟˈᑇ⒥Ϩ‫⌕݋‬
㒓ᔶⱘѻક᳈ফ⍜䊏㗙୰⠅DŽ
5˅᳔Ӭ࣪䆒䅵ⱘ䖛⿟ৃ⬅䅵ㅫᴎ䕃ӊ㞾ࡼᠻ㸠੠᥻ࠊˈϡ‫ݡ‬ձ䌪໻䞣ⱘҎᎹ㒧ᵘߚᵤˈ
‫ޣ‬ᇥњѻક䆒䅵䖛⿟Ёˈϡᮁ䞡໡䆒䅵᠔㗫䌍ⱘᯊ䯈ˈ໻໻㓽ⷁѻકᓔথⱘᯊ䯈DŽ
᳔Ӭ࣪䆒䅵ⱘЏ㽕Ⳃⱘᰃ∖ߎ䆒䅵ব䞣ⱘϔϾ៪໮ϾؐˈՓᕫⳂᷛߑ᭄䖒ࠄ᳔໻ؐ៪
᳔ᇣؐˈ䖭ѯ㾷ᖙ乏⒵䎇㑺ᴳᴵӊ៪䆒䅵ব䞣DŽᤶহ䆱䇈ˈ᳔Ӭ࣪䆒䅵ᰃ೼㑺ᴳᴵӊⱘ㣗
ೈܻˈᇏ∖Ⳃᷛߑ᭄ⱘ᳔໻ؐ៪᳔ᇣؐˈ㗠㑺ᴳᴵӊ㾚䯂乬ᅲ䰙䳔∖㗠ᅮDŽ
1638ᑈGalieo᳒㒣‫خ‬䖛 㞖ṕ໪ᔶ᳔Ӭ࣪䆒䅵ˈⳂⱘᰃՓᕫṕⱘ↣ϔ៾䴶⿃ⱘᑨ࡯ഛ
ࣔߚᏗDŽℸৢⱘᄺ㗙г‫خ‬䖛䆌໮ᴎẄ‫ܗ‬ӊⱘ᳔Ӭ࣪䆒䅵ˈϡҙ‫ޣ‬ᇥњᴤ᭭ⱘ⍜㗫ˈ䰡Ԣ⫳
ѻ៤ᴀˈг໻໻ᦤ催њ㋏㒳ⱘᬜ⥛DŽ✊㗠䖭㉏䆒䅵Ꮉ԰᳝䆌໮䴲㒓ᗻ䯂乬੠㑺ᴳᴵӊˈ಴
ℸ೼থሩ߱ᳳⱘ᳔Ӭ䆒䅵Ꮉ԰ҡᮻձ䌪Ѣ䆒䅵㗙ⱘⳈ㾝੠㒣偠ᴹᅠ៤DŽ
䖥20ᑈᴹˈ䅵ㅫᴎ䕃ӊᎹ⿟੠᳝䰤‫ߚܗ‬ᵤ䕃ӊⱘথሩᏆⳌᔧ៤❳ˈ಴ℸ⫼䅵ㅫᴎ᠟↉
ᅲ⦄㒧ᵘⱘ᳔Ӭ࣪䆒䅵জ‫ݡ‬ᑺᓩ䍋њᎹ⿟Ꮬ੠ⷨお㗙ⱘᵕ໻݈䍷ˈ1973ᑈZienkiewiczህ߽
⫼᳝䰤‫خ⊩ܗ‬㒧ᵘߚᵤˈBraibant߽߭⫼㒧⚍തᷛᔧ԰䆒䅵ব䞣‫خ‬᳝䰤‫ߚܗ‬ᵤˈⷨお㒧ᵰথ
⦄Ϟ䗄ⱘ޴ԩ㸼⼎⊩᮴⊩㓈ᣕϔϾᑇ⒥ⱘ䖍⬠ᔶᗕDŽৢᴹ䚼ӑⷨお㗙߽⫼໮乍ᓣߑ᭄ᴹᦣ
䗄䖍⬠ᔶᗕˈᓎゟњᑇ⒥䖍⬠DŽԚᰃ⬅Ѣ᳆㒓ሔ䚼᥻ࠊⱘ㛑࡯ϡ䎇ˈՓ䆒䅵㗙ᕜ䲒㞾⬅ഄ
䆒䅵੠ׂᬍ䖍⬠᳆㒓DŽ Spline᳆㒓ⱘ޴ԩ㸼⼎⊩ᰃⳂࠡ䕗⌕㸠ⱘᔶ⢊᳔Ӭ࣪䆒䅵ᮍ⊩DŽ
Spline
᳆㒓ᰃ⬅Ԣ䰊ⱘ໮乍ᓣߑ᭄⠛↉㒘៤ˈ㗠Ϩᰃҹ᥻ࠊ⚍തᷛᔧ‫خ‬䆒䅵ব䞣DŽ಴ℸ䰸њৃ㓈
ᣕ䖍⬠ᑇ⒥ˈᑊϨ‫݋‬᳝㡃དⱘሔ䚼᥻ࠊࡳ㛑DŽ
ANSYS᳝䰤‫ߚܗ‬ᵤ䕃ӊ䰸њৃҹ⫼ᴹ‫خ‬ϔ㠀㒧ᵘᑨ࡯ߚᵤǃࡼᗕ㋏㒳῵ᢳǃ⛁Ӵᇐߚ
ᵤ੠⺕എߚᵤ໪ˈгৃҹᣓᴹ‫خ‬᳔Ӭ࣪䆒䅵DŽЏ㽕ॳ಴ᰃANSYS๲ࡴњ᳔Ӭ࣪䆒䅵ⱘࡳ㛑ˈ
ࡳ㛑ᅠᭈϨՓ⫼䍋ᴹ䴲ᐌㅔऩDŽANSYS᳔Ӭ࣪䆒䅵ⱘℹ偸੠ϔ㠀ⱘ᳝䰤‫ߚܗ‬ᵤ䕃ӊⱘᎹ԰
≵᳝ҔМᏂ߿ˈা䳔೼ৢ໘⧚䰊↉‫ࡴݡ‬Ϟ᳔Ӭ࣪䆒䅵᠔䳔ⱘ䆒䅵ব䞣ǃⳂᷛߑ᭄᥻ࠊ੠ᠻ
㸠⃵᭄䆒ᅮDŽANSYS᳔Ӭ࣪䆒䅵ࡳ㛑䰸њ⫼ᴹ∖㾷ϔ㠀ߑ᭄ⱘ᳔Ӭ㾷ˈгৃ⫼ᴹ‫خ‬㒧ᵘ˄՟

432
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

བ˖ḕᶊǃṕǃ᷅˅ⱘ޴ԩ᳔Ӭ࣪䆒䅵੠ᅲԧ㒧ᵘⱘᔶ⢊᳔Ӭ࣪䆒䅵DŽ঺໪ˈ䜡ড়ANSYS
᠔ᦤկⱘAPDL䇁㿔(ANSYS Parametric Design Language)ˈৃՓӴ㒳ⱘ䆒䅵Ꮉ԰ব៤ϔ⾡খ
᭄࣪ⱘ᳔Ӭ࣪䆒䅵Ꮉ԰DŽ
ᴀゴ佪‫ܜ‬ҟ㒡᳔Ӭ࣪䯂乬ⱘḚᶊˈߚ߿䇈ᯢⳂᷛߑ᭄ǃ䆒䅵ব䞣੠㑺ᴳᴵӊㄝˈᑊҟ
㒡ANSYS᳝䰤‫ߚܗ‬ᵤ䕃ӊ䆒䅵⌕⿟DŽᴀゴ䗮䖛ᅲ՟ᴹ䇈ᯢ㒧ᵘⱘ޴ԩԡ㕂᳔Ӭ࣪䯂乬੠ᔶ
⢊᳔Ӭ࣪䯂乬DŽ䗮䖛ߚᵤ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰϢ⧚䆎㒧ᵰⱘ↨䕗ˈᴹ偠䆕ANSYS᳝䰤‫ߚܗ‬ᵤ䕃
ӊ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰⱘℷ⹂ᗻˈᑊ‫ܹ⏅خ‬䅼䆎ˈ↨䕗߱ྟ䆒䅵ᮍḜ੠᳔Ӭ࣪䆒䅵ᮍḜП䯈ⱘব࣪DŽ
ᴀゴᦤկ㒭䆒䅵㗙ϔ༫㋏㒳ⱘᗱ㓈῵ᓣˈ԰Ўᇚᴹᬍ୘ѻક᳔Ӭ࣪䆒䅵ⱘখ㗗DŽ

11.2 ᳔Ӭ࣪䯂乬Ḛᶊ

᳔Ӭ᭄࣪ᄺ῵ൟৃҹ㸼⼎བϟ˖
Ⳃᷛߑ᭄˖f =f (x1, x2, …, xN,)
䆒䅵ব䞣˖xLi İxi İxUi (i =1, …,N)
㑺ᴳᴵӊ˖gLi İgj (x1, x2, …, xN,)İgUi (i =1, …, M)
ᓣЁf (x)㸼⼎Ⳃᷛߑ᭄ˈxLj , xUj 㸼⼎䆒䅵ব䞣ⱘϞǃϟ䰤ˈN 㸼⼎䆒䅵ব䞣Ͼ᭄ˈgLi , gUj
㸼⼎㑺ᴳᴵӊϞǃϟ䰤ˈM㸼⼎㑺ᴳᴵӊϾ᭄DŽ᥹ϟᴹߚ߿ҟ㒡᳔Ӭ࣪䆒䅵ⱘ޴Ͼ䞡㽕
ৡ䆡˖
1˅Ⳃᷛߑ᭄(Objective Function)
Ⳃᷛߑ᭄ᰃ䆒䅵ব䞣ⱘᷛ䞣ߑ᭄DŽḍ᥂Ⳃᷛߑ᭄ⱘϾ᭄ৃߚЎऩⳂ᳔ᷛӬ࣪੠໮Ⳃᷛ
᳔Ӭ࣪DŽ䗮ᐌᴎẄᎹ⿟Ϟ᳔Ӭ࣪䆒䅵ⱘⳂᷛߑ᭄ߚ៤ϸ໻㉏˖㄀1㉏Ⳃᷛߑ᭄Ў∖ߎᑨ࡯ؐ
ⱘ᳔ӬߚᏗᔶ⢊ˈ㑺ᴳᴵӊҙ㗗㰥໪ᔶ䆒䅵ব䞣ⱘ໻ᇣˈ಴ℸЎ㒓ᗻ㑺ᴳᴵӊ˗㄀2㉏Ⳃᷛ
ߑ᭄Ў⠽ӊⱘ䴶⿃៪ԧ⿃ˈ㑺ᴳᴵӊЎ᳔໻ᑨ࡯៪বᔶ䞣ˈЎ䴲㒓ᗻ㑺ᴳᴵӊDŽ
2˅䆒䅵ব䞣(Design Variable)
䆒䅵ব䞣Џ㽕ᰃ⫼ᴹᦣ䗄䆒䅵ᮍ৥ˈᑊৃ䆒ᅮ㣗ೈҹ∖ᕫ᠔㽕䖒ࠄⱘⳂᷛؐDŽ䆒䅵ব
䞣Ў⣀ゟ㞾ব䞣ˈᐌᐌ⫼ᴹ‫޴خ‬ԩব䞣ˈབ䭓ᑺǃ८ᑺǃञᕘ៪㒧⚍DŽᣝ✻䆒䅵ব䞣ⱘϾ
᭄ߚЎऩ䆒䅵ব䞣੠໮䆒䅵ব䞣DŽ
3˅㑺ᴳᴵӊ(Constraints)
জ⿄Ў⢊ᗕব䞣(State Variable)DŽ೼ᇏᡒ᳔Ӭ࣪䆒䅵䯂乬ⱘৠᯊˈ䆒䅵㗙ᕔᕔফࠄ䆌໮
䆒䅵ᴵӊⱘ䰤ࠊˈབᯊ䯈ǃぎ䯈ǃᴤ᭭ǃ៤ᴀㄝㄝDŽ✊㗠᳔Ӭ䆒䅵⬅䖭ѯ㑺ᴳᴵӊ䰤ࠊৢˈ
ḍᴀ᮴⊩ᡒࠄ᳔Ӭ㾷ˈབᴤ᭭ⱘ‫ޣ‬ᇥϢᑨ࡯ⱘ䰡Ԣᕔᕔ᮴⊩ৠᯊ⒵䎇ˈ䖭ѯ㑺ᴳᴵӊজ⿄
Ў⢊ᗕব䞣ˈЎ䆒䅵ব䞣ⱘϔ⾡DŽ㢹᳔Ӭ࣪䆒䅵䯂乬Ёࡴܹ䖭ḋⱘ㑺ᴳᴵӊˈ߭䆹䯂乬ব
៤㑺ᴳᴵӊ᳔Ӭ࣪䆒䅵䯂乬ˈϔ㠀㑺ᴳᴵӊজߚЎㄝᓣ㑺ᴳᴵӊ੠ϡㄝᓣ㑺ᴳᴵӊDŽ
᳔Ӭ᭄࣪ᄺ῵ൟᓎゟৢˈ᥹ϟᴹⱘᎹ԰߭ᖙ乏߽⫼᭄ؐߚᵤᮍ⊩∖㾷Ϟ䗄῵ൟⱘ᳔Ӭ
㾷DŽ✊㗠῵ൟᓎゟৢϡϔᅮ㛑∖ߎ᳔Ӭ㾷ˈ៪∖ߎⱘ᳔Ӭ㾷ḍᴀϡৃ㸠DŽ᳔Ӭ᭄࣪ᄺ῵ൟ
᳔Ӭ㾷ⱘϡᄬ೼᳝ϸϾॳ಴˖῵ൟⱘ䰤ࠊϡ㡃៪≵᳝ফࠄ䰤ࠊDŽ঺໪ᇍѢ᳔Ӭ࣪῵ൟ᠔∖
ߎⱘ᳔Ӭ㾷ᰃ৺ড়⧚៪ৃ㸠ˈৃ⬅ऩ䇗ᗻߚᵤᴹẔ偠DŽ

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11.3 ANSYSӬ࣪䆒䅵⌕⿟

⬅Ѣ⦄ҷ䅵ㅫᴎ੠䕃ӊᎹ⿟ⱘ䖯ℹˈᏆϡ‫ݡ‬Փ⫼ϡᮁ䗁ҷᇱ䆩ⱘӴ㒳䆒䅵ᮍ⊩DŽ಴ℸˈ
䳔㽕‫ࡽ׳‬䅵ㅫᴎᴹ໻໻ഄ㓽ⷁѻકᓔথᯊ䯈DŽ೼Փ⫼䅵ㅫᴎᅠ៤᳔Ӭ࣪䆒䅵ⱘ䖛⿟Ёˈ䆒
䅵㗙া䳔㽕ᦤߎ䆒䅵ॳൟᑊᅮН䆒䅵དⳂᷛǃ᳔Ӭ࣪খ᭄᥻ࠊৢˈ᭄ؐߚᵤⱘᎹ԰ܼ߭䚼
Ѹ⬅䅵ㅫᴎএᅠ៤ˈ䆒䅵㗙া䳔㽕䆘Ԅᠻ㸠㒧ᵰⱘৃ㸠੠ড়⧚Ϣ৺DŽ಴ℸˈ᳔Ӭ࣪䆒䅵㒭
䆒䅵㗙ᦤկњϔ༫㋏㒳ⱘᗱ㓈῵ᓣ੠ᅲ⦄᠟↉ˈᴹणࡽ䆒䅵㗙‫ࠄخ‬᳔ᖿ᳔དⱘ䆒䅵DŽ
ϟ䴶ҟ㒡ANSYS᳔Ӭ࣪䆒䅵ⱘ5Ͼ෎ᴀℹ偸DŽ
1˅䆒䅵ব䞣߱ྟ࣪
Ӭ࣪䆒䅵ব䞣ⱘ߱ྟؐᖙ乏೼䖯ܹࠡ㕂໘⧚ࠡህᣛᅮˈҹ䙓‫ܡ‬䆒䅵ব䞣‫⃵ݡ‬㹿߱ྟ࣪DŽ
2˅ᅮН䯂乬
ࠡ໘⧚ⱘЏ㽕Ꮉ԰ᰃᅮН᳔Ӭ࣪ߚᵤⱘ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟˈ䖭Ͼℹ偸੠Ӵ㒳ߚᵤℹ偸ⱘᎹ԰
≵᳝ҔМᏂ߿DŽ
3˅ᠻ㸠㄀ϔ⃵㒧ᵘߚᵤ
᳔Ӭ࣪䆒䅵∖㾷䰊↉੠Ӵ㒳ⱘANSYS∖㾷≵᳝Ꮒ߿ˈЏ㽕Ꮉ԰ᰃ∖ᕫᑨ࡯ǃᑨব੠ব
ᔶ䞣ㄝ᭄᥂DŽ
4˅ᦤপ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
ৢ໘⧚䗮ᐌ⫼ᴹᦤপ᠔䳔ⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ˄བ˖ᑨ࡯ǃᑨব˅ˈ䖭Ͼ䰊↉Џ㽕ᬊ䲚੠ᄬ‫ټ‬
Ⳃᷛߑ᭄੠㑺ᴳᴵӊؐDŽ
5˅䆒ᅮⳂᷛߑ᭄ঞ㑺ᴳᴵӊ੠ᠻ㸠᳔Ӭ࣪ⱘ䗁ҷ⃵᭄
᳔ৢⱘℹ偸ᰃ᳔Ӭ࣪∖㾷䖛⿟ˈЏ㽕Ꮉ԰ᰃ᥻ࠊ᳔Ӭ࣪䆒䅵ⱘ∖㾷⿟ᑣˈབ䆒䅵ব䞣
੠㑺ᴳᴵӊϞϟ䰤ⱘ䰤ࠊˈҹঞⳂᷛߑ᭄੠ᬊᬯ‫ⱘ߭ޚ‬ᅮНDŽ

11.4 ব៾䴶 㞖ṕⱘ໪ᔶᔶ⢊Ӭ࣪
䭓ᑺl=254mmˈ៾䴶ᆑᑺb=25.4mmˈ催ᑺব࣪ⱘব៾䴶 㞖ṕ೼㞾⬅ッⱘ䲚Ё࡯‫ي‬
M=50.844Ngm԰⫼ϟ˄བ೒11.1᠔⼎˅থ⫳ᑇ䴶ᔃ᳆DŽᏆⶹᴤ᭭ᔍᗻ῵䞣E=68952MPaˈ
⊞ᵒ↨­=0.3DŽҹ䆹ṕⱘᭈԧԧ⿃ЎⳂᷛߑ᭄ˈֱᣕ㞾⬅ッ໘៾䴶催ᑺt=7.62mmϡবˈ⫼
Ѡ㓈㒧ᵘ೎ԧऩ‫ܗ‬PLANE42䖯㸠៾䴶ব࣪㾘ᕟⱘ᳔Ӭ࣪䆒䅵DŽ㑺ᴳᴵӊ᳝˖᳔໻ᑨ࡯³ max
İ207MPaˈ᳔໻ᣴᑺ¥ maxİ12.7mmDŽ

೒11.1 ব៾䴶 㞖ṕ໪ᔶᔶ⢊Ӭ࣪῵ൟ

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1ˊ⧚䆎㾷

䖭Ͼ䯂乬ⱘ⧚䆎ߚᵤখ㾕᭛⤂[21]DŽ

2ˊ῵ൟߚᵤ

⬅Ѣ῵ൟϞϟ޴ԩᇍ⿄ˈৃҹপЁ䴶ҹϞ䚼ߚ԰Ў䅵ㅫ῵ൟ˄བ೒11.2᠔⼎˅DŽᇚ䲚
Ё࡯‫ي‬50.844Ngm䕀࣪ЎⳌ䎱7.62mmⱘϸϾ䲚Ё࡯ˈ࡯ⱘ໻ᇣㄝѢ6672.45NDŽᑇഛࠄऩԡ
८ᑺϞؐЎ6672.45/25.4=262.7NˈབᵰՓ⫼ϡᏺখ᭄ⱘPLANE42ˈ㸼⼎Փ⫼ऩԡ८ᑺऩ‫ܗ‬
Ϟⱘ㥋䕑DŽ䖭䞠Ўњ䅵ㅫᮍ֓ˈՓ⫼খ᭄OPT(3)=3ᅮНՓ⫼ᏺ८ᑺⱘᑇ䴶ᑨ࡯ऩ‫ˈܗ‬ᑊ⫼
ᅲᐌ᭄ᅮНੑҸᅮНњऩ‫ܗ‬८ᑺ25.4mm.DŽ

೒11.2 ব៾䴶 㞖ṕ໪ᔶᔶ⢊Ӭ࣪1/2῵ൟ

 㞖ṕⱘ໪䕂ᒧ㒓Ϟⱘ݇䬂⚍⫼3⃵ḋᴵ᳆㒓䖲᥹DŽ⬅Ѣ῵ൟϞϟডᇍ⿄ᗻˈ᠔ҹা䳔
㽕䅵ㅫ‫݋‬᳝ডᇍ⿄䖍⬠ⱘϔञ῵ൟेৃDŽԚᰃⳂᷛߑ᭄Ёⱘऩ‫ܗ‬ᘏԧ⿃䳔㽕ᇍᔧࠡऩ‫ܗ‬ᘏ
ԧ⿃ⱘؐЬҹ2DŽᥦᑣৢⱘ᳔໻ᣴᑺ੠ᥦᑣৢⱘ᳔໻㄀1Џᑨ࡯˄S1˅㹿ᅮНЎ⢊ᗕব䞣DŽ
䆹䯂乬ৃҹҢⳌৠⱘӬ࣪䆒䅵ᮍḜᓔྟˈߚ߿⫼ᄤ῵ൟ䖥Ԑᮍ⊩੠ϔ䰊ᮍ⊩∖㾷ˈᑊ
ᅮНњ3Ͼ޴ԩ⢊ᗕব䞣ˈҹֱ䆕ᄤ῵ൟЁҢᎺࠄেⱘ䫹ᑺব࣪DŽԚᰃЎњ䇈ᯢϔ䰊ᮍ⊩Ӭ
࣪ㅫ⊩ⱘ᳝ᬜᗻˈ䖭ѯ䰘ࡴⱘ⢊ᗕব䞣ᑊ≵᳝೼ϔ䰊ᮍ⊩ЁՓ⫼DŽ

3ˊ∖㾷䖛⿟

ϟ䴶㒭ߎЏ㽕ℹ偸DŽ
(1) Շ࿌෻ю੦໸Շ࿌ۤௐࠓԅ‫܁‬ё༝SCRATCHd
Ā*CREATE,SCRATCHāᅮНᅠ៤῵ൟᅮН੠∖㾷ⱘᅣ⿟ᑣSCRATCHDŽ⫼㸼䖒ᓣ
ĀTK16=6.35āˈĀTK27=6.35āˈ“TK38=6.35ā੠ĀTK49=6.35ā䆒㕂৘Ͼ៾䴶催ᑺⱘ߱ྟ
ؐ6.35mmDŽ
(2)ၽ஍҉स੦ࣖᄯēಁᄢ‫ד‬๥फ໸cӦ၍फ໸ۤϫॸϵ೴d
⫼Ā/PREP7āࡴ䕑ࠡ໘⧚῵ഫৢˈ⫼ߚᵤ㉏ൟᅮНੑҸĀANTYPE,STATICāᅮНߚ
ᵤ㉏ൟЎ䴭࡯ߚᵤDŽ⫼ऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟᅮНੑҸ“ET,1,PLANE42,,,3āᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬ᰃᏺ८ᑺⱘѠ
㓈㒧ᵘ೎ԧऩ‫ܗ‬PLANE42ˈᑊ⫼ᅲᐌ᭄ੑҸĀR,1,25.4āᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬८ᑺ25.4mmDŽ
⫼ᴤ᭭খ᭄ᅮНੑҸĀMP,EX,1,68952āᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EX=68.952 GPaˈ
⫼ĀMP,NUXY,1,0.3āᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨NUXY=0.3DŽ
(3) Շ࿌‫ߏڑ‬Ԥd

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ᣝ✻೒11.2೒Ёⱘ݇䬂⚍Ꮧ㕂ˈ⫼݇䬂⚍ᅮНੑҸĀK,1ā೼തᷛॳ⚍(0,0)ᅮН㄀1Ͼ
݇䬂⚍ˈ⫼“ K,5,254ā೼തᷛ(254mm,0)ԡ㕂ᅮН㄀5Ͼ݇䬂⚍DŽ⫼฿‫݇ܙ‬䬂⚍ੑҸĀKFILLā
೼1ো݇䬂⚍੠5ো݇䬂⚍П䯈฿‫⫳ܙ‬៤2,3,4ো݇䬂⚍DŽ
⫼ĀK,6,,TK16ā೼(0,TK16)ԡ㕂ᅮН㄀6Ͼ݇䬂⚍ˈ⫼“ K,7,63.5,TK27ā೼(63.5mm,TK27)
ԡ㕂ᅮН㄀7Ͼ݇䬂⚍ˈ⫼“ K,8,127,TK38ā೼(127mm,TK38)ԡ㕂ᅮН㄀8Ͼ݇䬂⚍ ˈ⫼
“ K,9,190.5,TK49 ā ೼ (190.5mm,TK49) ԡ 㕂 ᅮ Н ㄀ 9 Ͼ ݇ 䬂 ⚍ ˈ ⫼ “ K,10,254, 3.81 ā ೼
(254mm,3.81mm)ԡ㕂ᅮН㄀10Ͼ݇䬂⚍DŽ ⫼໮Н㒓ੑҸ“SPLINE,6,7,8,9,10ā 䖛݇䬂⚍6,7,8,9
੠10ᅮН3⃵ḋᴵ᳆㒓DŽ
⫼ĀL,1,6ā䖛݇䬂⚍1੠6ᅮНⳈ㒓ˈ⫼“*REPEAT,5,1,1ā䞡໡ᠻ㸠ࠡ䴶ᅮНⳈ㒓ⱘੑ
Ҹˈ↣⃵㡖⚍㓪ো๲ࡴ1DŽ㒣䖛Ϟ䴶ᓎ῵⿟ᑣᕫࠄབ೒11.3᠔⼎ⱘব៾䴶 㞖ṕⱘ໪䕂ᒧDŽ

೒11.3 ⫼݇䬂⚍ˈ໮Н㒓ᅮНⱘব៾䴶 㞖ṕ໪䕂ᒧ

⫼ 䗝 ᢽ 㒓 ੑ Ҹ Ā LSEL,S,LINE,,5,9 ā 䗝 ᢽ 5 ো 㒓 ࠄ 9 ো 㒓 П 䯈 ⱘ ᠔ ᳝ 㒓 ˈ ⫼
ĀLESIZE,ALL,,,1ā䆒㕂Ϟ䴶䗝Ёⱘ㒓೼ߦߚऩ‫ܗ‬ᯊˈߦߚЎ1↉DŽ⫼ĀLSEL,ALLā䗝ᢽ᠔
᳝ⱘ㒓DŽ
⫼ᅮН䴶ੑҸ“ A,1,2,7,6ā䖛݇䬂⚍1,2,7,6ᅮН䴶ˈ⫼“*REPEAT,4,1,1,1,1ā䞡໡ᠻ㸠ࠡ
䴶ᅮН䴶ⱘੑҸˈ↣⃵㡖⚍㓪ো๲ࡴ1DŽ⫼“ESIZE,,4ā䆒㕂೼ߦߚऩ‫ܗ‬ᯊˈߦߚЎ4↉ˈ⫼
ߦߚ䴶ऩ‫ܗ‬ੑҸ“AMESH,ALLāᇚ᠔᳝ⱘ䴶ߦߚЎ䴶ऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ
(4) 䗝ᢽ䖍⬠㡖⚍ˈᮑࡴԡ⿏㑺ᴳDŽ
⫼䗝ᢽ㡖⚍ੑҸĀNSEL,S,LOC,Yā䗝ᢽY=0ԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍ˈ⫼“DSYM,SYMM,XāᇍY=0
ⱘ㡖⚍ᮑࡴ݇ѢX(YZᑇ䴶)ⱘᇍ⿄ԡ⿏ᴵӊDŽ
⫼“NSEL,S,LOC,Xā䗝ᢽX=0ԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍ˈ⫼“DSYM,ASYM,YāᇍY=0ⱘ㡖⚍ᮑࡴ݇
ѢY(XZᑇ䴶)ⱘᇍ⿄ԡ⿏ᴵӊDŽ
⫼“NSEL,ALLā䗝ᢽ᠔᳝ⱘ㡖⚍DŽ⫼݇䬂⚍Ϟᮑࡴ䲚Ё࡯ⱘੑҸ“FK,10,FX,6672.45ā
೼10ো݇䬂⚍Ϟᮑࡴ⊓ⴔXᮍ৥ⱘ6672.45Nⱘ࡯ˈҹ㒘៤䲚Ё࡯‫ي‬DŽ᳔ৢ⫼“DK,1,ALL,0ā

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ԡ⿏㑺ᴳ1ো݇䬂⚍ⱘ᠔᳝㞾⬅ᑺDŽᮑࡴԡ⿏㑺ᴳ੠㡖⚍㥋䕑ৢⱘ1/2῵ൟব៤བ೒11.4᠔⼎
ⱘḋᄤDŽ

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೒11.4 䴶ऩ‫ˈߚߦܗ‬ᏺ᳝㑺ᴳ੠㥋䕑ⱘব៾䴶 㞖ṕ1/2᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟ

(5) ၽௐࠓ੦ࣖௐࠓd
(6) ၽ‫҉܊‬स੦ࣖມವ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ڴ‬d
⫼Ā/POST1ā䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫৢˈ⫼ĀSET,LASTā䇏᳔ܹৢϔϾ㥋䕑ℹⱘ䅵ㅫ
㒧ᵰDŽ⫼ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬㸼ੑҸĀETABLE,VOLU,VOLUā⫼ऩ‫ܗ‬ԧ⿃ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬㸼VOLUDŽ⫼߫
㸼ᰒ⼎㡖⚍㒧ᵰੑҸĀPRNSOL,S,PRINā߫㸼ᰒ⼎Џᑨ࡯DŽ⫼ĀNSORT,S,1āᇍऩ‫ܗ‬㸼ᣝ
㄀1Џᑨ࡯ᥦᑣDŽ⫼“NSEL,S,LOC,X,0,228.6ā䗝ᢽX=0ࠄX=228.6mm㣗ೈ‫ⱘݙ‬㡖⚍ˈ⫼ᦤপ
㒧ᵰੑҸ“*GET,STRS,SORT,,MAXāᦤপऩ‫ܗ‬㸼ᥦᑣৢⱘ᳔໻ؐˈे᳔໻ᢝᑨ࡯DŽП᠔ҹ
䗝ᢽϡࣙᣀ㞾⬅ッ㡖⚍ⱘ㡖⚍㣗ೈˈᰃᛇ䙓ᓔ㞾⬅ッ䲚Ё࡯ԡ㕂ⱘᑨ࡯䲚Ёᕅડˈҹֱ䆕
ᦤপߎⱘ᳔໻ᑨ࡯ᰃṕ‫ⱘݙ‬᳔໻ᑨ࡯DŽ
⫼ĀNSEL,ALLā䗝ᢽ᠔᳝㡖⚍DŽ⫼∛ᘏऩ‫ܗ‬㸼ੑҸĀSSUMā䅵ㅫᑊᰒ⼎ऩ‫ܗ‬㸼∛ᘏ
㒧ᵰˈࣙᣀԧ⿃DŽ⫼Ā*GET, TVOL,SSUM,,ITEM,VOLUāᇚ∛ᘏৢⱘᘏԧ⿃ֱᄬࠄব䞣
TVOLDŽ⫼㸼䖒ᓣĀTVOL=TVOL*2āᇚԧ⿃Ьҹ2ᤶㅫ៤ᘏԧ⿃DŽ
⫼ĀNSEL,S,LOC,X,253,255ā䗝ᢽX=253mmࠄX=255mm㣗ೈ‫ⱘݙ‬㡖⚍ˈे㞾⬅ッ㡖
⚍DŽ⫼߫㸼ᰒ⼎㡖⚍㒧ᵰੑҸĀPRNSOL,U,Yā߫㸼ᰒ⼎㡖⚍ԡ⿏UYؐˈ⫼ĀNSORT,U,Y,,1ā
ᇍ 㡖 ⚍ 䅵 ㅫ 㒧 ᵰ UY ᥦ ᑣ ˈ ⫼ Ā PRNSOL,U,Yā ߫ 㸼 ᰒ ⼎ 㡖 ⚍ ԡ ⿏ UY ؐ DŽ ⫼
“*GET,DEFL,SORT,,MAX ā ᦤ প ᥦ ᑣ ৢ ⱘ 㡖 ⚍ ԡ ⿏ 㒧 ᵰ ˈ ֱ ᄬ ࠄ ব 䞣 DEFL DŽ ⫼
“DEFL=ABS(DEFL) ᇚッ䚼ⱘ᳔໻ᣴᑺؐপ㒱ᇍؐৢˈᄬܹDEFLDŽ䖭ḋህᦤপࠄњ᳔໻ᣴ
ᑺؐDŽ䖭ѯᇍᑨؐ䛑ᰃ߱ྟӬ࣪ᮍḜⱘؐˈ೒11.5᠔⼎ህᰃ⫼ĀSTATUSāੑҸᰒ⼎ߎⱘ䖭
3
ѯব䞣ⱘؐDŽ೒Ёᰒ⼎᳔໻ᑨ࡯175MPaˈ᳔໻ᣴᑺ5.615mmˈᘏԧ⿃3105mm DŽ䖭ѯব䞣
ؐ੠᳔ӬᮍḜᇮ᳝䆌໮Ꮒ䎱DŽ
(7) Շ࿌ᅱൟέ२d
⫼ĀDIF1=TK16TK27āˈĀDIF2=TK27TK38ā੠“DIF3=TK38TK49āᅮНֱ䆕ϔ
ᅮ䫹ᑺⱘ⢊ᗕব䞣DEF1ˈDEF2੠DEF3DŽ

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೒11.5 ব៾䴶 㞖ṕ߱ྟ䆒䅵ᮍḜⱘখ᭄ؐ

᳔ৢ⫼“*ENDāੑҸ㒧ᴳᅣ⿟ᑣSCRATCHⱘᅮНDŽ䖭ḋህᅠ៤њᇍᭈϾ῵ൟ䖯㸠খ᭄
࣪ᓎ῵ˈᑊᦤপⳌ݇䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰⱘᅣ⿟ᑣDŽ
(8) ࠩదည‫ܤ‬ಁ‫ޙ‬੦ࣖēಁᄢંγ‫ۆ‬೴ۤည‫ܤ‬έ२d
⫼ᠻ㸠ᅣ⿟ᑣੑҸĀ*USE,SCRATCHāᠻ㸠ᅣ⿟ᑣSCRATCHˈᓎゟߚᵤ῵ൟˈᑊᇍ
߱ྟӬ࣪ᮍḜ䖯㸠ߚᵤDŽ
⫼Ā/OPTā䖯ܹӬ࣪䆒䅵῵ഫৢˈ ⫼ĀOPANL,SCRATCHāᣛᅮӬ࣪ᕾ⦃᭛ӊSCRATCHDŽ
⫼ĀOPVAR,TVOL,OBJ,,,0.25āᅮНⳂᷛߑ᭄Ўᘏԧ⿃TVOLˈ‫ܕ‬䆌‫أ‬Ꮒ0.25mm^3DŽ
⫼ĀOPVAR,STRS,SV,,207āᅮНᑨ࡯⢊ᗕব䞣ҢSTRS=0ࠄ207MPaব࣪DŽ⫼ĀOPVAR,DEFL,
SV,,12.7āᅮНᣴᑺ⢊ᗕব䞣ҢDEFL=0ࠄ12.7mmব࣪DŽ⫼“OPVAR,DIF1,SV,0,2.54āˈ
“OPVAR, DIF2,SV,0,2.54ā੠“OPVAR,DIF3,SV,0,2.54āᅮН䫹ᑺ⢊ᗕব䞣DIF1ˈDIF2੠DIF3
೼0ࠄ2.54mm㣗ೈ‫ݙ‬ব࣪DŽ
⫼ “OPVAR,TK16,DV, 3.81,6.86,0.0254 ā ˈ “OPVAR,TK27,DV, 3.81,6.86,0.0254 ā ˈ
“OPVAR, TK38, DV, 3.81,6.86,0.0254ā੠“OPVAR,TK49,DV, 3.81,6.86,0.0254āᅮН䆒䅵ব
䞣TK16ˈTK27ˈTK38੠TK49೼3.81mmࠄ6.86mm㣗ೈ‫ݙ‬ব࣪ˈ‫ܕ‬䆌‫أ‬Ꮒ0.0254mmDŽ
⫼“OPSAVE,INITIAL,OPTāֱᄬ߱ྟ䆒䅵ᮍḜࠄ᭛ӊINITIAL.OPTDŽ⫼䆒㕂Ӭ࣪䆒䅵
ᮍ⊩ੑҸ“OPTYPE,SUBP āᣛᅮՓ⫼ᄤ῵ൟ䖥ԐӬ࣪䆒䅵ᮍ⊩ˈ⫼“OPSUBP,30āᣛᅮ᳔໻
Ӭ࣪䆒䅵ᕾ⦃⃵᭄Ў30DŽ
(9) ဈᆐ੦໸࠭ഛည‫ܤ‬ಁ‫ֺ֥ࢗޙ‬ಳည‫ܤ‬ಁ‫ޙ‬ԅ‫ޙ‬സd
⫼ੑҸĀOPEXEāᓔྟӬ࣪䆒䅵䅵ㅫDŽ
⫼㸼䖒ᓣ“VR1=TVOLāᇚԧ⿃TVOLֱᄬࠄব䞣VR1ˈ⫼ĀVR2=DEFLāᇚᣴᑺDEFL
ֱ ᄬ ࠄ ব 䞣 VR2 ˈ ⫼ “ VR3=STRS ā ᇚ ᑨ ࡯ STRS ֱ ᄬ ࠄ ব 䞣 VR3 DŽ ⫼ ֱ ᄬ খ ᭄ ੑ Ҹ
“PARSAV,,RSET1āᇚ᠔᳝খ᭄ব䞣ֱᄬࠄ᭛ӊ EX11.3.RSET1DŽ⫼ᰒ⼎Ӭ࣪খ᭄ੑҸ
ĀOPLIST,ALL,,1āᰒ⼎Ӭ࣪䆒䅵䲚䞠ⱘখ᭄DŽ
⫼ᣛᅮതᷛ䕈ᷛ䆚“/AXLAB,Y,VOLUME (TVOL)āᅮНᇚⳂᷛߑ᭄䕈Y䕈Ϟⱘ᭛ᄫᷛ
䆚ˈ⫼“PLVAROPT, TVOLāੑҸ೒ᔶᰒ⼎Ⳃᷛߑ᭄䱣ⴔ䗁ҷ⃵᭄ব࣪ⱘᬊᬯᚙ‫˄މ‬བ೒
11.6᠔⼎˅DŽ೒Ёᰒ⼎䱣ⴔ䗁ҷ⃵᭄๲ࡴˈ೼߱ྟӬ࣪ᮍḜ䰘䖥ˈⳂᷛߑ᭄ϟ䰡ᵕᖿDŽ䱣
ৢˈϟ䰡䗤⏤㓧᜶ˈ೼໻㑺12⃵ᕾ⦃䅵ㅫৢˈӬ࣪㾷䍟Ѣ〇ᅮDŽ

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 ㄀ゴ᳔Ӭ࣪䆒䅵

೒11.6 ⫼ᄤ῵ൟᮍ⊩Ӭ࣪䆒䅵ব៾䴶 㞖ṕⱘⳂᷛߑ᭄ᬊᬯᚙ‫މ‬

ℸᯊˈ⫼ĀSTATUS,PARMāᰒ⼎ֱᄬ೼‫ݙ‬ᄬব䞣ⱘ᳔㒜Ӭ࣪ᮍḜⱘؐ˄བ೒11.7᠔
⼎˅DŽ㒣䖛⫼ᄤ῵ൟӬ࣪䆒䅵ৢˈ᳔໻ᑨ࡯STRS䖒ࠄ205.2MPa˄ᑨ࡯㑺ᴳؐЎ207MPa˅ˈ
᳔໻ᣴᑺDEFL䖒 ࠄ12.62mm˄ᣴᑺ㑺ᴳؐЎ12.7mm˅DŽℸᯊऩԡ८ᑺ῵ൟⱘᘏԧ⿃
3 3
TVOL=2341.45mm ˄᳔ӬؐЎ2323mm ˅DŽ

೒11.7 ⫼ᄤ῵ൟᮍ⊩ᕫࠄ᳔Ӭ࣪ᮍḜᯊ,৘খ᭄ⱘপؐᚙ‫މ‬

(10) ಁᄢྡྷࠈֺ֥ࠩ໻ည‫ܤ‬ಁ‫ޙ‬ԅϵ೴d
⫼䇏ܹӬ࣪䆒䅵ᮍḜੑҸĀOPRESU,INITIAL,OPTāҢ᭛ӊINITIAL.OPTЁ䞡ᮄ䇏ܹ
߱ྟ䆒䅵ᮍḜDŽ⫼ĀOPVAR,DIF1,DELāˈĀOPVAR,DIF2,DELā੠ĀOPVAR,DIF3,DELā
Ўϔ䰊ᮍ⊩ߴ䰸ֱ䆕䫹ᑺⱘ㑺ᴳDIF1ˈDEF2੠DEF3DŽ
⫼ĀOPTYPE,FIRSTāᣛᅮՓ⫼ϔ䰊Ӭ࣪ᮍ⊩ˈᑊ⫼ĀOPFRST,30āᣛᅮ᳔໻ᕾ⦃⃵
᭄Ў30DŽ

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 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

(11) ဈྡྷࠈֺ֥ᄓ໻ည‫ܤ‬ಁ‫ޙ‬d
⫼ĀOPEXEāੑҸᠻ㸠Ӭ࣪䆒䅵䅵ㅫDŽ⫼㸼䖒ᓣ“ VR4=TVOLāᇚԧ⿃TVOLֱᄬࠄব
䞣VR4ˈ⫼“ VR5=DEFLāᇚᣴᑺDEFLֱᄬࠄব䞣VR5ˈ⫼“ VR6=STRSāᇚᑨ࡯STRSֱᄬ
ࠄব䞣VR6DŽ
⫼“OPLIST,ALL,,1āᰒ⼎䆒䅵䲚Ёⱘখ᭄DŽ⫼ᣛᅮതᷛ䕈ᷛ䆚“/AXLAB,Y,VOLUME
(TVOL)āᅮНᇚⳂᷛߑ᭄䕈Y䕈Ϟⱘ᭛ᄫᷛ䆚DŽ⫼“PLVAROPT,TVOLā೒ᔶᰒ⼎Ⳃᷛߑ᭄
ᬊᬯᚙ‫˄މ‬བ೒11.8᠔⼎˅DŽ೒Ёᰒ⼎໻㑺㒣䖛17Ͼᕾ⦃䅵ㅫৢˈӬ࣪㾷䍟Ѣ〇ᅮDŽ

೒11.8 ⫼ϔ䰊ᮍ⊩Ӭ࣪䆒䅵ব៾䴶 㞖ṕⱘⳂᷛߑ᭄ᬊᬯᚙ‫މ‬
ℸᯊˈ⫼ĀSTATUS,PARMāᰒ⼎ֱᄬ೼‫ݙ‬ᄬব䞣ⱘ᳔㒜Ӭ࣪ᮍḜⱘؐ˄བ೒11.9᠔⼎˅DŽ
㒣䖛⫼ϔ䰊ᮍ⊩Ӭ࣪䆒䅵ৢˈ᳔໻ᑨ࡯STRS䖒ࠄ206.85MPa˄ᑨ࡯㑺ᴳؐЎ207MPa˅ˈ᳔
໻ ᣴ ᑺ DEFL䖒ࠄ 12.675mm ˄ᣴ ᑺ 㑺 ᴳ ؐ Ў 12.7mm ˅ DŽℸ ᯊ ऩ ԡ ८ ᑺ ῵ ൟ ⱘ ᘏ ԧ ⿃
3 3
TVOL=2328.1mm ˄᳔ӬؐЎ2323mm ˅DŽ

೒11.9 ⫼ᄤ῵ൟᮍ⊩ᕫࠄ᳔Ӭ࣪ᮍḜᯊ,৘খ᭄ⱘপؐᚙ‫މ‬

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 ㄀ゴ᳔Ӭ࣪䆒䅵

(12) Շ࿌೴ᆦέ२ēߜࠒ‫ͬڴ‬ӉӾუ໔೴ᆦέ२d

4ˊANSYS⿟ᑣ
! (1) ᅮНᅠ៤῵ൟᅮН੠∖㾷ⱘᅣ⿟ᑣSCRATCH **************
*CREATE,SCRATCH ! ᅮНᅠ៤῵ൟᅮН੠∖㾷ⱘᅣ⿟ᑣSCRATCH
TK16=6.35 ! 䆒㕂Ӭ࣪䆒䅵ব䞣ⱘ߱ྟؐ:1,6⚍ⱘ催ᑺTK16=6.35mm
TK27=6.35 ! 2,7⚍ⱘ催ᑺTK27=6.35mm
TK38=6.35 ! 3,8⚍ⱘ催ᑺTK38=6.35mm
TK49=6.35 ! 4,9⚍ⱘ催ᑺTK49=6.35mm
! (2)೼ࠡ໘⧚῵ഫЁ,䆒㕂ߚᵤ㉏ൟǃऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟ੠ᴤ᭭খ᭄
/PREP7 ! ࡴ䕑ࠡ໘⧚῵ഫ
SMRT,OFF ! ݇䯁ᱎ㛑࣪㔥Ḑࡳ㛑
/TITLE,EX11.1, SHAPE OPTIMIZATION OF A CANTILEVER BEAM
/COM, REF. B. PRASAD AND R.T.HAFTKA
/COM, OPT. STRUCT. DESIGN WITH PLATE FINITE ELEMENTS
/COM, ASCE JOURNAL OF THE STRUCT. DIVISION
/COM, VOL. 105 (ST11) 1979 PP2367-2382
ANTYPE,STATIC ! ᅮНߚᵤ㉏ൟЎ䴭࡯ߚᵤ
ET,1,PLANE42 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬ᰃऩԡ८ᑺⱘѠ㓈㒧ᵘ೎ԧऩ‫ܗ‬PLANE42
!R,1,25.4 ! ऩ‫ܗ‬८ᑺ25.4mm
MP,EX,1,68952 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EX=68.952 GPa
MP,NUXY,1,0.3 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨NUXY=0.3
! (3) ᅮН݇䬂⚍
K,1 ! ೼തᷛॳ⚍(0,0)ᅮН㄀1Ͼ݇䬂⚍
K,5,254 ! ೼തᷛ(254mm,0)ԡ㕂ᅮН㄀5Ͼ݇䬂⚍
KFILL ! ೼1ো݇䬂⚍੠5ো݇䬂⚍П䯈฿‫⫳ܙ‬៤2,3,4ো݇䬂⚍
K,6,,TK16 ! ⫼䆒䅵ব䞣TK16,೼(0,TK16)ԡ㕂ᅮН㄀6Ͼ݇䬂⚍
K,7,63.5,TK27 ! ೼(63.5mm,TK27)ԡ㕂ᅮН㄀7Ͼ݇䬂⚍
K,8,127,TK38 ! ೼(127mm,TK38)ԡ㕂ᅮН㄀8Ͼ݇䬂⚍
K,9,190.5,TK49 ! ೼(190.5mm,TK49)ԡ㕂ᅮН㄀9Ͼ݇䬂⚍
K,10,254,3.81 ! ೼(254mm,3.81mm)ԡ㕂ᅮН㄀10Ͼ݇䬂⚍
SPLINE,6,7,8,9,10 ! 䖛݇䬂⚍6,7,8,9੠10ᅮН3⃵ḋᴵ᳆㒓
L,1,6 ! 䖛݇䬂⚍1੠6ᅮНⳈ㒓
*REPEAT,5,1,1 ! 䞡໡ᠻ㸠ࠡ䴶ᅮНⳈ㒓ⱘੑҸ,↣⃵㡖⚍㓪ো๲ࡴ1
LSEL,S,LINE,,5,9 ! 䗝ᢽ5ো㒓ࠄ9ো㒓П䯈ⱘ᠔᳝㒓
LESIZE,ALL,,,1 ! 䆒㕂Ϟ䴶䗝Ёⱘ㒓೼ߦߚऩ‫ܗ‬ᯊ,ߦߚЎ1↉
LSEL,ALL ! 䗝ᢽ᠔᳝ⱘ㒓
A,1,2,7,6 ! 䖛݇䬂⚍1,2,7,6ᅮН䴶
*REPEAT,4,1,1,1,1 ! 䞡໡ᠻ㸠ࠡ䴶ᅮН䴶ⱘੑҸ,↣⃵㡖⚍㓪ো๲ࡴ1
ESIZE,,4 ! 䆒㕂೼ߦߚऩ‫ܗ‬ᯊ,ߦߚЎ4↉
AMESH,ALL ! ᇚ᠔᳝ⱘ䴶ߦߚЎ䴶ऩ‫ܗ‬
! (4) 䗝ᢽ䖍⬠㡖⚍,ᮑࡴԡ⿏㑺ᴳ
NSEL,S,LOC,Y ! 䗝ᢽY=0ԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍

442
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

DSYM,SYMM,X ! ᇍY=0ⱘ㡖⚍ᮑࡴ݇ѢX(YZᑇ䴶)ⱘᇍ⿄ԡ⿏ᴵӊ
NSEL,S,LOC,X ! 䗝ᢽX=0ԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍
DSYM,ASYM,Y ! ᇍY=0ⱘ㡖⚍ᮑࡴ݇ѢY(XZᑇ䴶)ⱘᇍ⿄ԡ⿏ᴵӊ
NSEL,ALL ! 䗝ᢽ᠔᳝ⱘ㡖⚍
FK,10,FX,262.7 ! ೼10ো݇䬂⚍Ϟᮑࡴऩԡ८ᑺ⊓ⴔXᮍ৥ⱘ262.7Nⱘ࡯,㒘៤䲚Ё࡯‫ي‬
DK,1,ALL,0 ! ԡ⿏㑺ᴳ1ো݇䬂⚍ⱘ᠔᳝㞾⬅ᑺ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎࠡ໘⧚῵ഫ
! (5) ೼∖㾷῵ഫ∖㾷
/SOLU ! 䖯ܹ∖㾷῵ഫ
SOLVE ! ᓔྟ∖㾷
FINISH ! 䗔ߎ∖㾷῵ഫ
! (6) ೼ৢ໘⧚῵ഫᰒ⼎䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
/POST1 ! 䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
SET,LAST ! 䇏᳔ܹৢϔϾ㥋䕑ℹⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
ETABLE,VOLU,VOLU ! ⫼ऩ‫ܗ‬ԧ⿃ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬㸼VOLU
PRNSOL,S,PRIN ! ߫㸼ᰒ⼎Џᑨ࡯
NSORT,S,1 ! ᇍऩ‫ܗ‬㸼ᣝ㄀1Џᑨ࡯ᥦᑣ
NSEL,S,LOC,X,0,228.6 ! 䗝ᢽX=0ࠄX=228.6mm㣗ೈ‫ⱘݙ‬㡖⚍
*GET,STRS,SORT,,MAX ! ᦤপऩ‫ܗ‬㸼ᥦᑣৢⱘ᳔໻ؐ,े᳔໻ᢝᑨ࡯
NSEL,ALL ! 䗝ᢽ᠔᳝㡖⚍
SSUM ! 䅵ㅫᑊᰒ⼎ऩ‫ܗ‬㸼∛ᘏ㒧ᵰ,ԧ⿃
*GET,TVOL,SSUM,,ITEM,VOLU ! ᇚ∛ᘏৢⱘᘏԧ⿃ֱᄬࠄব䞣TVOL
TVOL=TVOL*2 ! ᇚԧ⿃Ьҹ2ᤶㅫ៤ᘏԧ⿃
NSEL,S,LOC,X,253,255 ! 䗝ᢽX=253mmࠄX=255mm㣗ೈ‫ⱘݙ‬㡖⚍,े㞾⬅ッッ⚍
PRNSOL,U,Y ! ߫㸼ᰒ⼎㡖⚍ԡ⿏UYؐ
NSORT,U,Y,,1 ! ᇍ㡖⚍䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰUYᥦᑣ
PRNSOL,U,Y ! ߫㸼ᰒ⼎㡖⚍ԡ⿏UYؐ
*GET,DEFL,SORT,,MAX ! ᦤপᥦᑣৢⱘ㡖⚍ԡ⿏㒧ᵰ,ֱᄬࠄব䞣DEFL
*STATUS,PARM ! ᰒ⼎‫ݙ‬ᄬব䞣ⱘؐ
DEFL=ABS(DEFL) ! ᇚッ䚼ⱘ᳔໻ᣴᑺؐপ㒱ᇍؐৢ,ᄬܹDEFL
! (7) ᅮН⢊ᗕব䞣
/COM DEFINE STATE VARIABLES TO ENSURE CONSISTENT TAPER
DIF1=TK16-TK27 ! ᅮНֱ䆕ϔᅮ䫹ᑺⱘ⢊ᗕব䞣DEF1
DIF2=TK27-TK38 ! ᅮНֱ䆕ϔᅮ䫹ᑺⱘ⢊ᗕব䞣DEF2
DIF3=TK38-TK49 ! ᅮНֱ䆕ϔᅮ䫹ᑺⱘ⢊ᗕব䞣DEF3
FINISH ! 䗔ߎৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
*END ! ᅣ⿟ᑣᅮН㒧ᴳ*****************
! (8) 䖯ܹӬ࣪䆒䅵῵ഫ,䆒㕂Ⳃᷛߑ᭄੠Ӭ࣪ব䞣
FINISH ! 䗔ߎҹࠡ῵ഫ
/CLEAR, NOSTART ! ⏙䰸᭄᥂,ϡࡴ䕑߱ྟ࣪᭛ӊ
/FILENAME,EX11.1 ! ᅮНᎹ⿟᭛ӊৡ⿄
*USE,SCRATCH ! ᠻ㸠ᅣ⿟ᑣSCRATCH
/OPT ! 䖯ܹӬ࣪䆒䅵῵ഫ
OPANL,SCRATCH ! ᣛᅮӬ࣪ᕾ⦃᭛ӊSCRATCH

443
 ㄀ゴ᳔Ӭ࣪䆒䅵

OPVAR,TVOL,OBJ,,,0.25 ! ᅮНⳂᷛߑ᭄Ўᘏԧ⿃TVOL,‫ܕ‬䆌ᆍᏂ0.25 mm^3

OPVAR,STRS,SV,,207 ! ᅮНᑨ࡯⢊ᗕব䞣STRS=0ࠄ207 MPa
OPVAR,DEFL,SV,,12.7 ! ᅮНᣴᑺ⢊ᗕব䞣DEFL=0ࠄ12.7 mm
OPVAR,DIF1,SV,0,2.54 ! ᅮН䫹ᑺ⢊ᗕব䞣DIF1=0ࠄ2.54 mm
OPVAR,DIF2,SV,0,2.54 ! ᅮН䫹ᑺ⢊ᗕব䞣DIF2=0ࠄ2.54 mm
OPVAR,DIF3,SV,0,2.54 ! ᅮН䫹ᑺ⢊ᗕব䞣DIF3=0ࠄ2.54 mm
OPVAR,TK16,DV,3.81,6.86,0.0254 ! ᅮН䆒䅵ব䞣TK16=3.81mmࠄ6.86mm,ᆍᏂ0.0254 mm
OPVAR,TK27,DV,3.81,6.86,0.0254 ! ᅮН䆒䅵ব䞣TK27=3.81mmࠄ6.86mm,ᆍᏂ0.0254 mm
OPVAR,TK38,DV,3.81,6.86,0.0254 ! ᅮН䆒䅵ব䞣TK38=3.81mmࠄ6.86mm,ᆍᏂ0.0254 mm
OPVAR,TK49,DV,3.81,6.86,0.0254 ! ᅮН䆒䅵ব䞣TK49=3.81mmࠄ6.86mm,ᆍᏂ0.0254 mm
OPSAVE,INITIAL,OPT ! ֱᄬ߱ྟ䆒䅵ᮍḜࠄ᭛ӊINITIAL.OPT
OPTYPE,SUBP ! Փ⫼ᄤ῵ൟ䖥ԐӬ࣪䆒䅵ᮍ⊩
OPSUBP,30 ! ᳔໻Ӭ࣪䆒䅵30Ͼᕾ⦃
! (9) ⫼ᄤ῵ൟ䖥ԐӬ࣪䆒䅵ᮍ⊩ᓔྟӬ࣪䆒䅵ⱘ䅵ㅫ
OPEXE ! ⫼ᄤ῵ൟ䖥ԐӬ࣪䆒䅵ᮍ⊩ᓔྟӬ࣪䆒䅵
VR1=TVOL ! ᇚԧ⿃TVOLֱᄬࠄব䞣VR1
VR2=DEFL ! ᇚᣴᑺDEFLֱᄬࠄব䞣VR2
VR3=STRS ! ᇚᑨ࡯STRSֱᄬࠄব䞣VR3
PARSAV,,RSET1 ! ᇚ᠔᳝খ᭄ব䞣ֱᄬࠄ᭛ӊEX11.3.RSET1
OPLIST,ALL,,1 ! ᰒ⼎䆒䅵䲚Ёⱘখ᭄
/TITLE,EX11.3, SHAPE OPTIMIZATION OF A CANTILEVER BEAM (SubP Method)
/AXLAB,Y,VOLUME (TVOL) ! ᇚⳂᷛߑ᭄䆒㕂ЎY䕈
PLVAROPT,TVOL ! ೒ᔶᰒ⼎Ⳃᷛߑ᭄ᬊᬯᚙ‫މ‬
STATUS,PARM ! ᰒ⼎‫ݙ‬ᄬব䞣ⱘؐ
! (10) 䆒㕂ϔ䰊ᮍ⊩䖯㸠Ӭ࣪䆒䅵ⱘখ᭄
OPRESU,INITIAL,OPT ! 䞡ᮄ䇏ܹ߱ྟ䆒䅵ᮍḜ
OPVAR,DIF1,DEL ! Ўϔ䰊ᮍ⊩ߴ䰸ֱ䆕䫹ᑺⱘ㑺ᴳDEF1
OPVAR,DIF2,DEL ! Ўϔ䰊ᮍ⊩ߴ䰸ֱ䆕䫹ᑺⱘ㑺ᴳDEF2
OPVAR,DIF3,DEL ! Ўϔ䰊ᮍ⊩ߴ䰸ֱ䆕䫹ᑺⱘ㑺ᴳDEF3
OPTYPE,FIRST ! ᣛᅮՓ⫼ϔ䰊ᮍ⊩
OPFRST,20 ! ᳔໻ᕾ⦃⃵᭄20
! (11) ⫼ϔ䰊ᮍ⊩ᠻ㸠Ӭ࣪䆒䅵
OPEXE ! ᠻ㸠Ӭ࣪䆒䅵
VR4=TVOL ! ᇚԧ⿃TVOLֱᄬࠄব䞣VR4
VR5=DEFL ! ᇚᣴᑺDEFLֱᄬࠄব䞣VR5
VR6=STRS ! ᇚᑨ࡯STRSֱᄬࠄব䞣VR6
OPLIST,ALL,,1 ! ᰒ⼎䆒䅵䲚Ёⱘখ᭄
/TITLE,EX11.3, SHAPE OPTIMIZATION OF A CANTILEVER BEAM (1st Method)
/AXLAB,Y,VOLUME (TVOL) ! ᇚⳂᷛߑ᭄䆒㕂ЎY䕈
PLVAROPT,TVOL ! ೒ᔶᰒ⼎Ⳃᷛߑ᭄ᬊᬯᚙ‫މ‬
STATUS,PARM ! ᰒ⼎‫ݙ‬ᄬব䞣ⱘؐ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎӬ࣪䆒䅵῵ഫ
! (12) ᅮН᭄㒘ব䞣,ᇚ㒧ᵰֱᄬࠄ䖭ѯ᭄㒘ব䞣
*DIM,LABEL1,CHAR,3 ! ᅮН1*3ᄫヺൟ᭄㒘LABEL1

444
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

*DIM,LABEL2,CHAR,3 ! ᅮН1*3᭄ؐൟ᭄㒘LABEL2
*DIM,VALUE1,,3,3 ! ᅮН3*3ᄫヺൟ᭄㒘VALUE1
*DIM,VALUE2,,3,3 ! ᅮН3*3᭄ؐൟ᭄㒘VALUE2
LABEL1(1) = 'TVOL ','DEFL ','STRS ' ! 㒭᭄㒘LABEL1ⱘ㄀1߫䌟ؐ
LABEL2(1) = 'TVOL ','DEFL ','STRS ' ! 㒭᭄㒘LABEL2ⱘ㄀1߫䌟ؐ
*VFILL,VALUE1(1,1),DATA,2323,12.7,207 ! 㒭᭄㒘VALUE1ⱘ㄀1߫䌟⧚䆎ؐԧ⿃2323mm^3,
ᣴᑺ12.7mm,᳔໻ᑨ࡯207MPa
*VFILL,VALUE1(1,2),DATA,VR1,VR2,VR3 ! 㒭᭄㒘VALUE1ⱘ㄀2߫䌟䅵ㅫؐ
*VFILL,VALUE1(1,3),DATA,(VR1/2323),(VR2/12.7),(VR3/207) ! ↨ؐ
*VFILL,VALUE2(1,1),DATA,2323,12.7,207 ! 㒭᭄㒘VALUE2ⱘ㄀1߫䌟⧚䆎ؐ
*VFILL,VALUE2(1,2),DATA,VR4,VR5,VR6 ! 㒭᭄㒘VALUE2ⱘ㄀2߫䌟䅵ㅫؐ
*VFILL,VALUE2(1,3),DATA,(VR4/2323),(VR5/12.7),(VR6/207) ! ↨ؐ
/OUT,EX11_1,out ! ᇚ䕧ߎ‫ݙ‬ᆍ䞡ᅮ৥ࠄ᭛ӊEX11_1.OUT
/COM
/COM,------------------- EX11.1 RESULTS COMPARISON ---------------------
/COM,
/COM, | TARGET | ANSYS | RATIO
/COM,
/COM, SUBPROBLEM APPROX. METHOD
/COM,
*VWRITE,LABEL1(1),VALUE1(1,1),VALUE1(1,2),VALUE1(1,3)
(1X,A8,' ',F10.2,' ',F10.2,' ',1F5.3)
/COM,
/COM, FIRST ORDER METHOD
/COM.
*VWRITE,LABEL2(1),VALUE2(1,1),VALUE2(1,2),VALUE2(1,3)
(1X,A8,' ',F10.2,' ',F10.2,' ',1F5.3)
/COM,----------------------------------------------------------------
/OUT ! 㒧ᴳ䕧ߎ䞡ᅮ৥
/DELETE,INITIAL,OPT
/DELETE,SCRATCH
*LIST,EX11_1,out ! ߫㸼ᰒ⼎᭛ӊEX11_1.OUTⱘ‫ݙ‬ᆍ

5ˊ㒧ᵰ䅼䆎

䗮䖛ҹϞ⿟ᑣ⫼ϸ⾡ᮍ⊩ˈ䅵ㅫњব៾䴶 㞖ṕⱘ໪ᔶᔶ⢊Ӭ࣪䯂乬ˈ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰঞ݊
Ϣ⧚䆎㾷ⱘ↨䕗㾕㸼11.1DŽϸ㗙ⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ䛑੠⧚䆎㾷ᕜ᥹䖥ˈϔ䰊ᮍ⊩㊒ᑺ᳈དˈԚ䅵
ㅫᯊ䯈↨ᄤ῵ൟᮍ⊩䭓DŽᄤ῵ൟ䖥Ԑᮍ⊩䅵ㅫњ14⃵ᕾ⦃䖒ࠄњᬊᬯ㽕∖DŽϔ䰊ᮍ⊩䅵ㅫ
њ21⃵ᕾ⦃ᠡ䖒ࠄњᬊᬯ㽕∖ˈϨ↣Ͼᕾ⦃ⱘ㗫ᯊг↨ᄤ῵ൟᮍ⊩䭓DŽ
㸼11.1 ⫼ᄤ῵ൟᮍ⊩੠ϔ䰊ᮍ⊩䅵ㅫব៾䴶 㞖ṕⱘ໪ᔶᔶ⢊Ӭ࣪
ˆ
ᄤ῵ൟ䖥Ԑᮍ⊩ ⧚ 䆎 ؐ ANSYS ↨ ؐ
ԧ⿃TVOL˄mm3˅ 2323 2341.45 1.008
᳔໻ᣴᑺDEFL˄mm˅ 12.7 12.62 0.994

445
 ㄀ゴ᳔Ӭ࣪䆒䅵

˄㓁˅
ˆ
ᄤ῵ൟ䖥Ԑᮍ⊩ ⧚ 䆎 ؐ ANSYS ↨ ؐ
᳔໻ᑨ࡯STRS˄MPa˅ 207 205.20 0.991
ˆ
ϔ䰊ᮍ⊩ ⧚䆎ؐ ANSYS[3] ↨ؐ
3
ԧ⿃TVOL˄mm ˅ 2323 2328.07 1.002
᳔໻ᣴᑺDEFL˄mm˅ 12.7 12.68 0.998
᳔໻ᑨ࡯STRS˄MPa˅ 207 206.85 0.999
ˆ ⧚䆎㾷ᰃ෎Ѣ⿃ߚᮍ⊩ᕫࠄⱘDŽ

11.5 ᑇ䴶߮ᶊⱘӬ࣪䆒䅵

བ೒11.10᠔⼎䮼ᓣ߮ᶊˈ೼䲚Ё࡯F=4000N⫼ϟˈa=2.5mˈᔍᗻ῵䞣E=10GPaˈ᠔᳝
῾៾䴶ֱᣕ催ᆑ↨Ў2ⱘⶽᔶ៾䴶ˈ䆩߽⫼2㓈ṕऩ‫ܗ‬BEAM3ҹ㒧ᵘᘏԧ⿃ЎⳂᷛߑ᭄ˈҹ
ṕⱘ៾䴶ሎᇌЎӬ࣪ব䞣ᇍ䆹㒧ᵘⱘ᳔Ӭ࣪䆒䅵ˈᔎᑺ㑺ᴳᴵӊপ৘Ͼᴚӊⱘ᳔໻ᔃⶽ㑺
ᴳᮍ⿟ˈᔃ᳆ᑨ࡯ϡ䍙䖛䆒䅵‫ܕ‬䆌⫼ᑨ࡯[³]=9.9MPaDŽ

1ˊ⧚䆎ߚᵤ

䆹῵ൟᎺেᇍ⿄ˈপᎺ䴶ϔञ῵ൟ䖯㸠ⷨお˄བ೒11.11᠔⼎˅ᔧ៾䴶催ᆑ↨Ў2ˈ催
3 4 2 3
ᑺЎ d i ᯊˈᡫᔃ᳆ᛃᗻⶽЎIz=bh /12=di /24ˈᡫᔃ៾䴶῵䞣Ў˖Wz=bh /6=di /12ˈ߭ᔃⶽ㑺
ᴳᮍ⿟Ў˖
M max 12M max
³max= = 3
İ9.9h106 N/m2
Wz di

೒11.10 ᑇ䴶߮ᶊⱘӬ࣪䆒䅵῵ൟ⼎ᛣ೒ ೒11.11 ½᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟ㡖⚍Ꮧ㕂੠䖍⬠ᴵӊ

⬅ℸৃҹ㒭ߎᔃⶽ㑺ᴳᮍ⿟Ў˖
3
825000di Mmaxı0
2 4
៾䴶䴶⿃੠ᛃᗻⶽ԰ЎӬ࣪䆒䅵ব䞣ⱘখ᭄㸼䖒ᓣ䕧ܹˈेA i =di /2, Iz =di /24DŽՓ⫼ϔ
㠀῵ൟˈ㒭⢊ᗕব䞣䆒㕂2000ⱘϞ䰤DŽৠḋഄˈӬ࣪䆒䅵ব䞣㒭ᅮҢ0.05mࠄ0.5mⱘব࣪㣗
ೈDŽ෎Ѣখ㗗᭛⤂ؐ㒭ߎⱘ߱ྟ䆒䅵ᮍḜᰃϡৃ㸠ⱘDŽϟ䴶㒭ߎЏ㽕ℹ偸੠䇈ᯢDŽ
(1) Շ࿌෻юߙ੦ۤௐࠓٟટԅ‫܁‬ё༝SCRATCHd
“*CREATE,SCRATCHāᅮНᅣ⿟ᑣSCRATCHˈ䆹⿟ᑣᅠ៤ᓎ῵੠∖㾷ࡳ㛑DŽℹ偸˄1˅
ࠄℹ偸˄6˅ᰃ䆹⿟ᑣЏ㽕‫ݙ‬ᆍDŽ

446
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

佪‫⫼ܜ‬খ᭄㸼䖒ᓣĀD1=0.1ā੠ĀD2=0.1āᅮНৢ㓁Փ⫼ⱘ⬠䴶ব䞣খ᭄D1=0.1m੠
D2=0.1 mDŽ
(2) ಁᄢγඕc‫ד‬๥फ໸cӦ၍फ໸ۤϫॸϵ೴d
⫼ߚᵤ㉏ൟᅮНੑҸĀANTYPE,STATICāᅮНߚᵤ㉏ൟЎ䴭࡯ߚᵤDŽ⫼ऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟᅮ
НੑҸ“ET,1,BEAM3āᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬ᰃѠ㓈㒧ᵘṕऩ‫ܗ‬BEAM3DŽ
⫼খ᭄㸼䖒ᓣ“ K=825000.0āˈ“D1CB=D1**3ā੠“D2CB=D2**3āᅮНৢ㓁Փ⫼ⱘ
খ᭄DŽ
⫼ᅲᐌ᭄ੑҸ“R,1,(D1**2)/2,D1*(D1CB/24),D1āᅮН㄀1㉏ᅲᐌ᭄ˈ⫼ĀR,2, (D2**2)/2,
D2*(D2CB/24),D2āᅮН㄀2㉏ᅲᐌ᭄DŽ
⫼ᴤ᭭খ᭄ᅮНੑҸ“MP,EX,1,1E10āᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EX=10 GPaˈ⫼“ MP,
NUXY,1,0.3āᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨NUXY=0.3DŽ
(3) Շ࿌ࠋԤۤӦ၍d
ᣝ✻೒11.11Ёⱘ㡖⚍੠ऩ‫ܗ‬Ꮧ㕂DŽ⫼ᅮН㡖⚍ੑҸĀN,1ā೼തᷛॳ⚍(0,0)ᅮН㄀1Ͼ
㡖⚍ˈ⫼“N,2,,2.5ā೼തᷛ(0,2.5m)ᅮН㄀2Ͼ㡖⚍ˈ⫼ĀN,3,2.165,3.75ā೼തᷛ(2.165m,3.75m)
ᅮН㄀3Ͼ㡖⚍DŽ
⫼“REAL,1āߛᤶЎ㄀1㉏ᅲᐌ᭄ˈ⫼ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬ੑҸĀE,1,2ā䖛1ো㡖⚍੠2ো㡖⚍ᅮН
ऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ⫼ĀREAL,2āߛᤶЎ㄀2㉏ᅲᐌ᭄ˈ⫼“E,2,3ā䖛2ো㡖⚍੠3ো㡖⚍ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ
(4) Շ࿌สྭၟ೯ۤ۠ၻd
⫼ԡ⿏㑺ᴳੑҸĀD,1,ALL,0āᅠܼ೎ᅮ1ো㡖⚍DŽ⫼㡖⚍࡯ᅮНੑҸĀF,3,FY, 2000ā
㒭3ো㡖⚍ᮑࡴϔञ䲚Ё࡯㥋䕑2000NDŽ
⫼䗝ᢽ㡖⚍ੑҸ“NSEL,S,LOC,X,2.1,2.2ā䗝ᢽX=2.1mࠄ2.2m㣗ೈ‫ⱘݙ‬㡖⚍ˈे3ো㡖
⚍DŽ⫼ᮑࡴᇍ⿄ԡ⿏㑺ᴳੑҸĀDSYM,SYMM,Xā㒭᠔᳝䗝ᢽ䲚Ёⱘ㡖⚍ᮑࡴ݇ѢX(YZ
ᑇ䴶)ᇍ⿄ԡ⿏ᴵӊDŽ㒣䖛䖭ѯᓎ῵ੑҸৢˈᓎདњབ೒11.12᠔⼎ⱘϔ㠀᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟDŽ

೒11.12 ⫼㡖⚍੠ऩ‫ܗ‬ᅮНⱘ1/2᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟ੠㑺ᴳ

447
 ㄀ゴ᳔Ӭ࣪䆒䅵

(5) ၽௐࠓ੦ࣖௐࠓd
(6) ၽ‫҉܊‬स੦ࣖඹ‫ڶ‬Ӧ၍ζඔ௜ࠒ‫܊ڴ‬,ͬӉӾέ२d
⫼Ā/POST1ā䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫৢˈ⫼ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬㸼ੑҸĀETABLE,VOLU,VOLUā
ҹऩ‫ܗ‬ԧ⿃Ў‫ݙ‬ᆍᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬㸼VOLUDŽ
ĀETABLE,MI,SMISC,6ā㸼⼎⫼Iッⱘᔃⶽ”SMISC,6”
ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬㸼MIˈ“ETABLE,MJ,SMISC,12ā㸼⼎⫼Jッⱘᔃⶽ”SMISC,12”ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬㸼MJDŽ
⫼ᦤপ㒧ᵰੑҸ“*GET,M11,ELEM,1,ETAB,MIāˈ“*GET,M21,ELEM,1,ETAB,MJāˈ
“*GET,M12,ELEM,2,ETAB,MIā੠“*GET,M22,ELEM,2,ETAB,MJ āҢऩ‫ܗ‬㸼MI੠MJЁᦤ
প1োऩ‫ܗ‬੠2োऩ‫ⱘܗ‬ϸッᔃⶽˈߚ߿ᄬܹব䞣M11ˈM21ˈM12੠M22DŽ
⫼ 㸼 䖒 ᓣ“ LIM1=D1CB*Kāˈ ĀLIM2=D2CB*Kā 䆒 㕂 ᳔ ໻ ᔃ ⶽ Ϟ 䰤DŽ ⫼㸼䖒ᓣ
“M11L=LIM1(ABS(M11))āˈ“M21L=LIM1(ABS(M21))āˈ“M12L=LIM2(ABS(M12))ā
੠“M22L=LIM2(ABS(M22))ā䆒㕂䎱⾏᳔໻ᔃⶽϞ䰤ⱘᏂDŽ
⫼㒳䅵ੑҸ“SSUMā㒳䅵ऩ‫ܗ‬㸼‫ݙ‬ᆍⱘᘏ੠DŽ⫼ᦤপ㒧ᵰੑҸĀ*GET,TVOL,SSUM,,
ITEM, VOLUāᦤপᔧࠡ㒧ᵘⱘԧ⿃ˈ⫼㸼䖒ᓣĀTVOL=TVOL*2āᇚԧ⿃Ьҹ2ᤶㅫ៤ᘏ
ԧ⿃DŽ
“*ENDāੑҸ㸼⼎ᅣ⿟ᑣᅮН㒧ᴳDŽ
(7) ࠩదည‫ܤ‬ಁ‫ޙ‬੦ࣖ,ಁᄢંγ‫ۆ‬೴ۤည‫ܤ‬έ२d
⫼Ā*USE,SCRATCHāᠻ㸠ᅣ⿟ᑣSCRATCHˈᅠ៤ᇍ߱ྟᮍḜⱘᓎ῵੠∖㾷DŽ
⫼Ā/OPTā䖯ܹӬ࣪䆒䅵῵ഫৢˈ⫼ᅮНӬ࣪ব䞣ੑҸ“ OPANL,SCRATCHāᅮНӬ
࣪䆒䅵᭛ӊSCRATCHˈ䆹᭛ӊᅠ៤ᇍ৘ϾᮍḜⱘ᳝䰤‫ߚܗ‬ᵤˈⳌᔧѢϔϾᅠ៤ᇍϡৠখ᭄
࣪῵ൟ䖯㸠ᑨ࡯ߚᵤⱘᄤ⿟ᑣDŽ⫼ĀOPVAR,D1,DV, 0.05,0.5ā੠“OPVAR,D2,DV, 0.05,0.5ā
ᅮН䆒䅵ব䞣D1੠D2Ң0.05mࠄ0.5mব࣪DŽ
⫼“OPVAR,M11L,SV,0,2000āˈ“OPVAR,M21L,SV,0,2000āˈ“OPVAR,M12L,SV,0,2000ā
੠“OPVAR,M22L,SV,0,2000ā
ᅮНᔃⶽ⢊ᗕব䞣M11LˈM21LˈM12L੠M22LҢ0ࠄ2000 N·m
ⱘব࣪㣗ೈDŽ
⫼“OPVAR,TVOL,OBJ,,,0.00001āᅮНⳂᷛߑ᭄Ўԧ⿃TVOLˈ‫ܕ‬䆌ԧ⿃‫أ‬Ꮒ0.00001
3
m DŽ⫼ Ӭ ࣪ ᮍ ⊩ 䆒 㕂 ੑ Ҹ“OPTYPE,SUBP āᣛ ᅮ Փ ⫼ ᄤ ῵ ൟ 䖥 Ԑ Ӭ ࣪ 䆒 䅵 ᮍ ⊩ˈ⫼
“OPSUBP,15ā䆒㕂᳔໻Ӭ࣪䆒䅵15⃵ᕾ⦃DŽ⫼“ OPPRNT,ONāᰒ⼎Ӭ࣪䖛⿟Ёⱘ䆺㒚ᚙ‫މ‬DŽ
(8) ࢗಳည‫ܤ‬ಁ‫ޙ‬d
⫼ĀOPEXEāੑҸᓔྟ⫼ᄤ῵ൟ䖥ԐӬ࣪䆒䅵ᮍ⊩䖯㸠Ӭ࣪䆒䅵ⱘ䅵ㅫDŽ೼Ӭ࣪䅵ㅫ
㒧ᴳৢˈĀOPLIST,ALL,,1āੑҸᰒ⼎䆒䅵䲚Ё࡯ⱘখ᭄DŽ
⫼“/AXLAB,Y,VOLUME (TVOL)ā䆒㕂Y䕈Ϟⱘ᭛ᄫ‫ݙ‬ᆍˈ⫼ĀPLVAROPT,TVOLā
ҹⳂᷛߑ᭄ԧ⿃TVOLЎ಴ব䞣ˈᰒ⼎ԧ⿃䱣ⴔ঴ҷ⃵᭄ⱘᬊᬯ䖛⿟DŽ೒11.13Ёᰒ⼎ˈҢ
㄀7⃵ᓔྟˈӬ࣪ᮍḜ䍟Ѣ〇ᅮDŽ
⫼Ā*STATUS,PARMāৃҹⳟࠄֱᄬ೼‫ݙ‬ᄬব䞣Ёⱘ᳔ӬᮍḜⱘ৘Ͼখ᭄ؐ˄བ೒11.14
᠔⼎˅DŽ
(9) Շ࿌೴ᆦέ२,ߜࠒ‫ͬڴ‬ӉӾუ໔೴ᆦέ२d

448
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

೒11.13 ᑇ䴶䩶ᶊⱘӬ࣪䆒䅵ᬊᬯ䖛⿟

೒11.14 ᑇ䴶߮ᶊⱘ᳔ӬᮍḜЁⱘখ᭄ؐ

2ˊANSYS⿟ᑣ
! (1) 䆒㕂ব䞣ǃᷛ乬ǃߚᵤ㉏ൟǃऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟ੠ᴤ᭭খ᭄
*CREATE,SCRATCH ! ᅮНᅣ⿟ᑣSCRATCH,䆹⿟ᑣᅠ៤ᓎ῵੠∖㾷ࡳ㛑
D1=0.1 ! ᅮНৢ㓁Փ⫼ⱘব䞣খ᭄D1=0.1 m
D2=0.1 ! ᅮНৢ㓁Փ⫼ⱘব䞣খ᭄D2=0.1 m
! (2) 䆒㕂ᷛ乬ǃߚᵤ㉏ൟǃऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟ੠ᴤ᭭খ᭄
/PREP7 ! ࡴ䕑ࠡ໘⧚῵ഫ
/TITLE, EX11.2, OPTIMIZATION OF A FRAME STRUCTURE

449
 ㄀ゴ᳔Ӭ࣪䆒䅵

/COM REF. TOPPING AND ROBINSON, ENG.COMPUT., 1984, VOL.1, PP. 252-262
ANTYPE,STATIC ! ᅮНߚᵤ㉏ൟЎ䴭࡯ߚᵤ
ET,1,BEAM3 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬ᰃѠ㓈㒧ᵘṕऩ‫ܗ‬BEAM3
C*** SET THE REAL CONSTANTS USING PARAMETRIC EXPRESSIONS
K=825000.0 ! ᅮНৢ㓁Փ⫼ⱘখ᭄
D1CB=D1**3
D2CB=D2**3
R,1,(D1**2)/2,D1*(D1CB/24),D1 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᅲᐌ᭄
R,2,(D2**2)/2,D2*(D2CB/24),D2 ! ᅮН㄀2㉏ᅲᐌ᭄
MP,EX,1,1E10 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EX=10 GPa
MP,NUXY,1,0.3 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨NUXY=0.3
! (3) ᅮН㡖⚍੠ऩ‫ܗ‬
N,1 ! ೼തᷛॳ⚍(0,0)ᅮН㄀1Ͼ㡖⚍
N,2,,2.5 ! ೼തᷛ(0,2.5m)ᅮН㄀2Ͼ㡖⚍
N,3,2.165,3.75 ! ೼തᷛ(2.165m,3.75m)ᅮН㄀3Ͼ㡖⚍
REAL,1 ! ߛᤶЎ㄀1㉏ᅲᐌ᭄
E,1,2 ! 䖛1ো㡖⚍੠2ো㡖⚍ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬
REAL,2 ! ߛᤶЎ㄀2㉏ᅲᐌ᭄
E,2,3 ! 䖛2ো㡖⚍੠3ো㡖⚍ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬
! (4) ᅮНԡ⿏㑺ᴳ੠㥋䕑
D,1,ALL,0 ! ᅠܼ೎ᅮ1ো㡖⚍
F,3,FY,-2000 ! 㒭3ো㡖⚍ᮑࡴϔञ䲚Ё࡯㥋䕑2000N
NSEL,S,LOC,X,2.1,2.2 ! 䗝ᢽX=2.1mࠄ2.2m㣗ೈ‫ⱘݙ‬㡖⚍,े3ো㡖⚍
DSYM,SYMM,X ! 㒭᠔᳝䗝ᢽ䲚Ёⱘ㡖⚍ᮑࡴ݇ѢX(YZᑇ䴶)ᇍ⿄ԡ⿏ᴵӊ
NSEL,ALL ! 䗝ᢽ᠔᳝㡖⚍
DLIST,ALL ! ߫㸼ᰒ⼎ԡ⿏㑺ᴳ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎҹࠡ῵ഫ
! (5) ೼∖㾷῵ഫ∖㾷
/SOLU ! 䖯ܹ∖㾷῵ഫ
SOLVE ! ᓔྟ∖㾷
FINISH ! 䗔ߎ∖㾷῵ഫ
! (6) ೼ৢ໘⧚῵ഫ䗮䖛ऩ‫ܗ‬㸼ᦤপ㒧ᵰৢ,ֱᄬࠄব䞣
/POST1 ! 䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
ETABLE,VOLU,VOLU ! ⫼ऩ‫ܗ‬ԧ⿃ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬㸼VOLU
ETABLE,MI,SMISC,6 ! ⫼Iッⱘᔃⶽ”SMISC,6”ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬㸼MI
ETABLE,MJ,SMISC,12 ! ⫼Jッⱘᔃⶽ”SMISC,12”ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬㸼MJ
*GET,M11,ELEM,1,ETAB,MI ! Ңऩ‫ܗ‬㸼MIЁᦤপ1োऩ‫ⱘܗ‬Iッⱘᔃⶽ,ᄬܹব䞣M11
*GET,M21,ELEM,1,ETAB,MJ ! Ңऩ‫ܗ‬㸼MJЁᦤপ1োऩ‫ⱘܗ‬Jッⱘᔃⶽ,ᄬܹব䞣M21
*GET,M12,ELEM,2,ETAB,MI ! Ңऩ‫ܗ‬㸼MIЁᦤপ2োऩ‫ⱘܗ‬Iッⱘᔃⶽ,ᄬܹব䞣M12
*GET,M22,ELEM,2,ETAB,MJ ! Ңऩ‫ܗ‬㸼MJЁᦤপ2োऩ‫ⱘܗ‬Jッⱘᔃⶽ,ᄬܹব䞣M22
*STATUS,Parm ! ߫㸼ᰒ⼎‫ݙ‬ᄬব䞣ⱘؐ
LIM1=D1CB*K ! ᳔໻ᔃⶽϞ䰤
LIM2=D2CB*K ! ᳔໻ᔃⶽϞ䰤
M11L=LIM1-(ABS(M11)) ! 䎱⾏᳔໻ᔃⶽϞ䰤ⱘᏂ

450
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

M21L=LIM1-(ABS(M21))
M12L=LIM2-(ABS(M12))
M22L=LIM2-(ABS(M22))
SSUM ! 㒳䅵ऩ‫ܗ‬㸼‫ݙ‬ᆍ
*GET,TVOL,SSUM,,ITEM,VOLU ! ᦤপᔧࠡ㒧ᵘⱘԧ⿃
TVOL=TVOL*2 ! ᇚԧ⿃Ьҹ2ᤶㅫ៤ᘏԧ⿃
FINISH ! 䗔ߎৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
*END ! ᅣ⿟ᑣᅮН㒧ᴳ
! (7) 䖯ܹӬ࣪䆒䅵῵ഫ,䆒㕂Ⳃᷛߑ᭄੠Ӭ࣪ব䞣
FINISH ! 䗔ߎҹࠡ῵ഫ
/CLEAR, NOSTART ! ⏙䰸᭄᥂,ϡࡴ䕑߱ྟ࣪᭛ӊ
/FILENAME,EX11.4 ! ᅮНᎹ⿟᭛ӊৡ⿄
*USE,SCRATCH ! ᠻ㸠ᅣ⿟ᑣSCRATCH,ᅠ៤ᓎ῵੠∖㾷
/OPT ! 䖯ܹӬ࣪䆒䅵῵ഫ
OPANL,SCRATCH ! ᅮНӬ࣪䆒䅵᭛ӊSCRATCH
OPVAR,D1,DV,0.05,0.5 ! ᅮН䆒䅵ব䞣D1=0.05mࠄ0.5m
OPVAR,D2,DV,0.05,0.5 ! ᅮН䆒䅵ব䞣D2=0.05mࠄ0.5m
OPVAR,M11L,SV,0,2000 ! ᅮНᔃⶽ⢊ᗕব䞣M11L=0ࠄ2000 N·m
OPVAR,M21L,SV,0,2000 ! ᅮНᔃⶽ⢊ᗕব䞣M21L=0ࠄ2000 N·m
OPVAR,M12L,SV,0,2000 ! ᅮНᔃⶽ⢊ᗕব䞣M12L=0ࠄ2000 N·m
OPVAR,M22L,SV,0,2000 ! ᅮНᔃⶽ⢊ᗕব䞣M22L=0ࠄ2000 N·m
OPVAR,TVOL,OBJ,,,0.00001 ! ᅮНⳂᷛߑ᭄,‫ܕ‬䆌‫أ‬Ꮒ0.00001 m^3
OPTYPE,SUBP ! Փ⫼ᄤ῵ൟ䖥ԐӬ࣪䆒䅵ᮍ⊩
OPSUBP,15 ! ᳔໻Ӭ࣪䆒䅵15Ͼᕾ⦃
OPPRNT,ON ! ᰒ⼎Ӭ࣪䖛⿟Ёⱘ䆺㒚ᚙ‫މ‬
! (8) ᓔྟӬ࣪䆒䅵
OPEXE ! ⫼ᄤ῵ൟ䖥ԐӬ࣪䆒䅵ᮍ⊩ᓔྟӬ࣪䆒䅵
OPLIST,ALL,,1 ! ᰒ⼎䆒䅵䲚Ёⱘখ᭄
/TITLE, EX11.2, OPTIMIZATION OF A FRAME STRUCTURE(SubP Method)
/AXLAB,Y,VOLUME (TVOL) ! ᇚⳂᷛߑ᭄䆒㕂ЎY䕈
PLVAROPT,TVOL ! ᰒ⼎ԧ⿃ᬊᬯ䖛⿟
*STATUS,PARM ! ᰒ⼎ֱᄬ೼‫ݙ‬ᄬব䞣Ёⱘ᳔ӬᮍḜ
! (9) ᅮН᭄㒘ব䞣,ᇚ㒧ᵰֱᄬࠄ䖭ѯ᭄㒘ব䞣
*DIM,LABEL,CHAR,3,2 ! ᅮН3*2ᄫヺൟ᭄㒘LABEL
*DIM,VALUE,,3,3 ! ᅮН3*3᭄ؐൟ᭄㒘VALUE
LABEL(1,1) = 'VOL ','DIS(1) ','DIS(2) ' ! 㒭᭄㒘LABELⱘ㄀1߫䌟ؐ
LABEL(1,2) = 'CUB m','m','m' ! 㒭᭄㒘LABELⱘ㄀2߫䌟ؐ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,1),DATA,0.0764,0.118,0.129 ! 㒭᭄㒘VALUEⱘ㄀1߫䌟⧚䆎ؐ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,2),DATA,TVOL,D1,D2 ! 㒭᭄㒘VALUEⱘ㄀2߫䌟䅵ㅫؐ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,3),DATA,(TVOL/0.0764),(D1/0.118),(D2/0.129) ! ↨ؐ
/COM
/OUT,EX11_2,out ! ᇚ䕧ߎ‫ݙ‬ᆍ䞡ᅮ৥ࠄ᭛ӊEX11_2.OUT
/COM,------------------- EX11.2 RESULTS COMPARISON -------------
/COM,

451
 ㄀ゴ᳔Ӭ࣪䆒䅵

/COM, | TARGET | ANSYS | RATIO

/COM,
*VWRITE,LABEL(1,1),LABEL(1,2),VALUE(1,1),VALUE(1,2),VALUE(1,3)
(1X,A8,A8,' ',F10.4,' ',F10.4,' ',1F7.3)
/COM,----------------------------------------------------------
/OUT ! 㒧ᴳ䕧ߎ䞡ᅮ৥
FINISH ! 䗔ߎӬ࣪䆒䅵῵ഫ
*LIST,EX11_2,out ! ߫㸼ᰒ⼎᭛ӊEX11_2.OUTⱘ‫ݙ‬ᆍ

3ˊ㒧ᵰ䅼䆎

߽⫼Ϟ䴶⿟ᑣ䅵ㅫ14⃵ৢˈӬ࣪䆒䅵ؐᬊᬯˈᕫࠄབ㸼11.2᠔⼎ⱘ㒧ᵰDŽϢ㊒⹂ؐⳌ
↨ˈ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬㒧ᵰਏড়ᕫ䴲ᐌདDŽ
㸼11.2 ᑇ䴶䩶ᶊⱘӬ࣪䆒䅵䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰঞ݊Ϣ⧚䆎㾷↨䕗
䅵 ㅫ 㒧 ᵰ ㊒ ⹂ ؐ ANSYS ↨ ؐ
3
ᘏԧ⿃TVOL˄m ˅ 0.0764 0.0763 0.999
ゟ᷅៾䴶催ᑺd1, m 0.118 0.1178 0.998
᭰ṕ៾䴶催ᑺd2, m 0.129 0.1290 1.000

452
 ㄀1ゴ ㅔऩᢝय़ᴚ㒧ᵘ

せ』ᅱषᲮ঻᫜㷱ߊ႕

12.1 ಯ䖍ㅔᬃᮍᔶሖড়ᵓ೼ഛᏗ໪䕑԰⫼ϟⱘবᔶ
䖍䭓a=10mˈऩሖ८ᑺt=25mmˈ4ሖᘏ८ᑺh=100mmⱘ4䖍ㅔᬃሖড়ᵓˈϸϾℷѸᮍ৥
ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣ߚ߿ЎE=25MPaˈE y=E z =1MPaˈЏ⊞ᵒ↨­yz=0.25ˈ­xy=­xz=0.01ˈ­yz=0.25ˈ
࠾ߛᔍᗻ῵䞣Gxy=Gxz=0.5MPaˈGyz=0.2MPaˈ৘ሖⱘ䫎䆒݇㋏Ў݇ѢЁ䴶ᇍ⿄䫎䆒ˈ೼ഛ
Ꮧⱘ㥋䕑p0 =1MPa԰⫼ϟѻ⫳ᔃ᳆ˈ䆩߽⫼8㡖⚍ሖড়໇ऩ‫ܗ‬SHELL99ˈϝ㓈8㡖⚍ሖড়೎
ԧऩ‫ܗ‬SOLID46੠ϝ㓈20㡖⚍ሖড়೎ԧऩ‫ܗ‬SOLID191⹂ᅮЁᖗ䚼ԡⱘᣴᑺDŽ

m m

mm

mm
m

೒12.1 ಯ䖍ㅔᬃᮍᔶሖড়ᵓ䅵ㅫ῵ൟ⼎ᛣ೒ ೒12.2 1/4῵ൟ੠৘ሖ䫎䆒ᮍ৥⼎ᛣ೒

1ˊANSYSߚᵤ

⬅Ѣ䆹㒧ᵘ೼޴ԩˈᴤ᭭Ꮧ㕂ˈ㥋䕑੠䖍⬠ᴵӊϞ䛑ᰃ݇ѢϸϾതᷛ䕈ᇍ⿄ⱘˈ᠔ҹ
ৃҹᓎゟ1/4῵ൟDŽ䖭䞠Փ⫼ϸ⾡ऩ‫ܗ‬SHELL99੠SOLID46ߚ߿ߚᵤᅗDŽ⊼ᛣ䖭䞠Џ⊶ᵒ↨
Ⳉ᥹⫼PRXY䕧ܹˈEZ˄ᰒᓣ䕧ܹ˅‫؛‬䆒ؐЎEYDŽϟ䴶㒭ߎᅠ៤ߚᵤⱘЏ㽕ℹ偸੠䇈ᯢDŽ
(1) ಁᄢٝё༪ົc‫ד‬๥फ໸cӦ၍फ໸ۤϫॸϵ೴d
⫼Ā/PREP7āࡴ䕑ࠡ໘⧚῵ഫৢˈ⫼ĀSMRT,OFFā݇䯁ᱎ㛑࣪㔥Ḑࡳ㛑DŽ⫼ߚᵤ㉏
ൟ ᅮ Н ੑ ҸĀ ANTYPE,STATICā ᅮ Н ߚ ᵤ ㉏ ൟ Ў 䴭 ࡯ ߚ ᵤDŽ ⫼ ऩ ‫ ㉏ ܗ‬ൟ ᅮ Н ੑ Ҹ
ĀET,1,SHELL99,,,,,,,1āᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬ᰃ8㡖⚍ሖড়໇ऩ‫ܗ‬SHELL99DŽᑊ⫼ᅲᐌ᭄ᅮНੑҸ
ĀR,1,4,1ā⫼ᅲᐌ᭄ᅮН4ሖˈᇍ⿄䫎䆒DŽ‫⫼ݡ‬ĀRMOREāᅮНЁ䯈䚼ߚᅲᐌ᭄ˈ㱑✊䖭ѯ
ᅲᐌ᭄ϡ䳔㽕ˈ ԚᰃЎњৢ䴶ᅲᐌ᭄ⱘぎԡ㕂ˈ䖭ϔহੑҸᰃᖙ䳔ⱘDŽ᳔ৢ⫼
ĀRMORE,1,0,.025,1,90,.025āᅮН㄀1ሖ੠㄀2ሖᣝ✻(0/90/90/0)Ϟϟᇍ⿄䫎䆒DŽ
⫼ᴤ᭭খ᭄ᅮНੑҸĀMP,EX,1,25E6āᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘXᮍ৥ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EX=25 MPaˈ
⫼ĀMP,EY,1,1E6āᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘYᮍ৥ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EY=1 MPaˈ⫼ĀMP,EZ,1,1E6āᅮ
Н㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘZᮍ৥ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EZ=1 MPaDŽ⫼ĀMP,GXY,1,5E5āᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘXYᮍ
৥ⱘ࠾ߛᔍᗻ῵䞣GXY=5E5 Paˈ⫼ĀMP,GYZ,1,2E5āᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘYZᮍ৥ⱘ࠾ߛᔍ

453
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

ᗻ῵䞣GYZ=2E5 Paˈ⫼ĀMP,GXZ,1,5E5 āᅮН㄀ 1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘXZᮍ৥ⱘ࠾ߛᔍᗻ῵䞣

GXZ=5E5 PaDŽ⫼ĀMP,PRXY,1,0.01āᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘXYᮍ৥ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨PRXY=0.01ˈ⫼
ĀMP,PRYZ,1,0.25āᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘYZᮍ৥ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨PRYZ=0.25ˈ⫼ĀMP,PRXZ,1,0.01ā
ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘXZᮍ৥ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨PRXZ=0.01DŽ䖭䞠ⱘᴤ᭭খ᭄ᮍ৥咬䅸ᣝ✻ऩ‫ⱘܗ‬ሔ䚼
തᷛ㋏ᮍ৥DŽ
(2) Շ࿌‫ߏڑ‬Ԥcੋēωߜੋ‫דܣ‬юੋӦ၍d
⫼݇䬂⚍ᅮНੑҸĀK,1ā೼തᷛॳ⚍(0,0)ᅮНԡѢᮍᵓЁᖗԡ㕂ⱘ㄀1Ͼ݇䬂⚍ˈ⫼
ĀK,2,5ā೼തᷛ(5m,0)ᅮН㄀2Ͼ݇䬂⚍ˈ⫼ĀK,3,5,5ā೼തᷛ(5m,5m)ᅮН㄀3Ͼ݇䬂⚍ˈ
⫼ĀK,4,,5ā೼തᷛ(0,5m)ᅮН㄀4Ͼ݇䬂⚍DŽ
⫼ᅮН䴶ੑҸĀA,1,2,3,4ā䖛㡖⚍1,2,3੠4ᅮН1/4ᵓ䴶DŽ⫼ऩ‫ܗ‬ሎᇌᅮНੑҸĀESIZE,,3ā
䆒㕂೼ऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬ᯊߚЎ3↉DŽ⫼ऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬ੑҸĀAMESH,1āᇚ1ো䴶ߦߚЎ䴶ऩ‫ˈܗ‬ᕫࠄབ
೒12.3᠔⼎ⱘऩ‫ܗ‬Ꮧ㕂DŽ↣Ͼऩ‫ܗ‬᳝8Ͼ㡖⚍ˈԚ೒Ёাᰒ⼎њ㾦⚍Ϟⱘ㡖⚍㓪োˈ↣ᴵ䖍
ϞЁ⚍ԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍㓪ো≵᳝ᰒ⼎DŽ

೒12.3 䗮䖛݇䬂⚍ˈ㒓੠䴶ੑҸⱘᓎ῵ⱘ1/4ሖড়ᵓ῵ൟ

(3) ༪႔Ψ࠘ԤēಠަสྭΨ࠘ඨߑd
⫼䗝ᢽ㡖⚍ੑҸĀNSEL,S,LOC,X,0ā䗝ᢽX=0ԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍ˈ⫼ᮑࡴᇍ⿄ԡ⿏㑺ᴳੑҸ
Ā DSYM,SYMM,X ā ᇍ X=0 ⱘ 㡖 ⚍ ᮑ ࡴ ݇ Ѣ X(YZ ᑇ 䴶 ) ⱘ ᇍ ⿄ ԡ ⿏ ᴵ ӊ DŽ ⫼
ĀNSEL,S,LOC,Y,0ā䗝ᢽY=0ԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍ˈ⫼ĀDSYM,SYMM,YāᇍY=0ⱘ㡖⚍ᮑࡴ݇Ѣ
Y(XZ ᑇ 䴶 ) ⱘ ᇍ ⿄ ԡ ⿏ ᴵ ӊ DŽ ⫼ Ā NSEL,S,LOC,X,5ā 䗝 ᢽ X=5m ԡ 㕂 ⱘ 㡖 ⚍ ˈ ⫼
Ā D,ALL,UZ,,,,,UY ā ᇍ X=5m ԡ 㕂 ⱘ ᠔ ᳝ 㡖 ⚍ ᮑ ࡴ UZ=0 ˈ UY=0 ⱘ ԡ ⿏ 㑺 ᴳ DŽ ⫼
ĀNSEL,S,LOC,Y,5ā䗝ᢽY=5mԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍ˈ⫼ĀD,ALL,UZ,,,,,UXāᇍY=5mԡ㕂ⱘ᠔᳝㡖
⚍ᮑࡴUZ=0ˈUX=0ⱘԡ⿏㑺ᴳDŽ᳔ৢ⫼ĀNSEL,ALLā䗝ᢽ᠔᳝㡖⚍DŽ
⫼ᅮН㸼䴶࡯ੑҸĀSFE,ALL,2,PRES,,1āᇍ᠔᳝ऩ‫ܗ‬ᮑࡴ⊓ⴔ2ো䴶ᮍ৥ⱘय़࡯㥋䕑1
MPaDŽ㒣䖛䖭ѯԡ⿏㑺ᴳ੠㥋䕑ᅮНৢⱘ῵ൟব៤њབ೒12.4᠔⼎ⱘḋᄤDŽᎺջ䖍੠ᑩ䚼䖍

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 ㄀ゴሖড়ᵓ੠ᮁ㺖࡯ᄺ

Ϟⱘঠㆁ༈㸼⼎䕀㾦ㄝѢ0ⱘᇍ⿄ԡ㕂㑺ᴳˈऩϾᇣϝ㾦ヺো㸼⼎㒓ԡ⿏೎ᅮDŽ↣Ͼऩ‫ܗ‬㸼
䴶Ϟⱘ㑶㡆ᮍḚ㸼⼎ऩ‫ܗ‬㸼䴶Ϟⱘय़࡯㥋䕑DŽ⫼䕧ߎ䗝乍䆒㕂ੑҸĀOUTPR,,1ā䆒㕂া䕧
ߎ㄀1Ͼ㥋䕑ℹⱘ෎ᴀ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰDŽ

೒12.4 ᮑࡴԡ⿏㑺ᴳ੠㥋䕑ৢⱘ1/4ሖড়ᵓ῵ൟ

(4) ࠩదௐࠓ੦ࣖ‫܊‬ௐࠓd
(5) ၽ‫҉܊‬स੦ࣖມವ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ڴ‬d
⫼Ā/POST1ā䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫৢˈ⫼䗝ᢽ㡖⚍ੑҸĀNSEL,S,LOC,Xā䗝ᢽX=0
ԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍ˈ⫼ĀNSEL,R,LOC,Yā㒻㓁䗝ᢽY=0ԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍ˈ䖭ḋህ䗝ЁњX=0ˈϨY=0
ⱘ㡖⚍DŽ⫼߫㸼ᰒ⼎㡖⚍㒧ᵰੑҸĀPRNSOL,U,Zā߫㸼ᰒ⼎Ёᖗ⚍ⱘᣴᑺUZ˄བ೒12.5
᠔ ⼎ ˅ DŽ ೒ Ё ᰒ ⼎ Ё ᖗ 1 ো 㡖 ⚍ ᳔ ໻ ᣴ ᑺ Ў 0.07055m DŽ ⫼ ᦤ প 㒧 ᵰ ੑ Ҹ
Ā*GET,DEF99,NODE,1,U,Zāᦤপ1ো㡖⚍ⱘZᮍ৥ᣴᑺˈᄬܹব䞣DEF99DŽ

೒12.5 ߽⫼8㡖⚍ሖড়໇ऩ‫ܗ‬SHELL99䅵ㅫⱘሖড়ᵓЁᖗᣴᑺ

(6) Շ࿌೴ᆦ,ߜ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ͬڴ‬ӉӾუ໔೴ᆦd

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 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

(7) ‫؟‬ဈ8ࠋԤЊ‫څۦ‬඘Ӧ၍SOLID46ᄷ໭‫ޙ‬സd
⫼ĀET,1,SOLID46,,,,,,,1āᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬ᰃϝ㓈8㡖⚍ሖড়೎ԧऩ‫ܗ‬SOLID46DŽՓ⫼੠
㄀1ℹⳌৠⱘᅲᐌ᭄ᅮНˈᴤ᭭খ᭄ᅮНੑҸˈᅠ៤ᇍᅲᐌ᭄੠ᴤ᭭খ᭄ⱘᅮНDŽ
(8) Շ࿌‫ߏڑ‬Ԥcੋēωߜੋ‫דܣ‬юੋӦ၍d
⫼ᅮН݇䬂⚍ੑҸĀK,1ā೼തᷛॳ⚍(0,0)ᅮНԡѢᮍᵓЁᖗԡ㕂ⱘ㄀1Ͼ݇䬂⚍ˈ⫼
ĀK,2,5ā೼തᷛ(5m,0)ᅮН㄀2Ͼ݇䬂⚍ˈ⫼ĀK,3,5,5ā೼തᷛ(5m,5m)ᅮН㄀3Ͼ݇䬂⚍ˈ
⫼ĀK,4,,5ā೼തᷛ(0,5m)ᅮН㄀4Ͼ݇䬂⚍DŽ⫼⫳៤݇䬂⚍ੑҸĀKGEN,2,1,4,1,,,0.1āᕾ⦃
2⃵ˈᣝ1ো݇䬂⚍ࠄ4ো݇䬂⚍ⱘ῵ᓣˈZതᷛ๲ࡴ0.1mˈ⫳៤݊ԭ݇䬂⚍DŽ
⫼ᅮН㒓ੑҸĀL,1,5ā䖛݇䬂⚍1੠5ᅮНⳈ㒓ˈ⫼ᕾ⦃ੑҸĀ*REPEAT,4,1,1āᕾ⦃4
⃵䞡໡ᠻ㸠ࠡ䴶ੑҸˈ↣⃵㡖⚍ো๲ࡴ1DŽ
⫼㒓ऩ‫ܗ‬ሎᇌᅮНੑҸĀLESIZE,ALL,,,1ā䆒㕂Ꮖ㒣ᅮНⱘ㒓೼ऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬ᯊߚЎ1↉DŽ
⫼ᅮНԧⱘੑҸĀV,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8ā䖛㡖⚍1,2,3,4,5,6,7੠8ᅮНԧDŽ⫼ऩ‫ܗ‬ሎᇌᅮНੑҸ
ĀESIZE,,6āᇍ1/4῵ൟߦߚऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬Ў6X6DŽ᳔ৢ⫼ߦߚԧऩ‫ܗ‬ੑҸĀVMESH,1āᇍ1োԧ
ᠻ㸠ԧऩ‫ˈߚߦܗ‬ᕫࠄབ೒12.6᠔⼎ⱘᅲԧᵓ῵ൟˈ೒Ёⱘ㓪োᰃऩ‫ܗ‬㾦⚍໘ⱘ㡖⚍㓪োˈ
↣Ͼऩ‫݅ܗ‬᳝8Ͼ㡖⚍DŽ

೒12.6 䗮䖛݇䬂⚍ǃ㒓੠ԧੑҸᓎゟⱘᅲԧ1/4ሖড়ᵓ῵ൟ

(9) ༪႔Ψ࠘ԤēಠަสྭΨ࠘ඨߑd
⫼䗝ᢽ㡖⚍ੑҸĀNSEL,S,LOC,X,0ā䗝ᢽX=0ԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍ˈ⫼ĀDSYM,SYMM,Xāᇍ
X=0ⱘ㡖⚍ᮑࡴ݇ѢX(YZᑇ䴶)ⱘᇍ⿄ⱘԡ⿏ᴵӊDŽ⫼ĀNSEL,S,LOC,Y,0ā䗝ᢽY=0ԡ㕂ⱘ
㡖⚍ˈ⫼ĀDSYM,SYMM,Yāᇍ Y=0ⱘ㡖⚍ᮑࡴ݇Ѣ Y(XZᑇ䴶) ⱘᇍ⿄ԡ⿏ᴵӊDŽ⫼
ĀNSEL,S,LOC,X,5ā䗝ᢽX=5mԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍ˈ⫼ĀD,ALL,UZ,,,,,UYāᇍX=5mԡ㕂ⱘ᠔᳝㡖
⚍ᮑࡴ UZ=0ˈ UY=0ⱘ ԡ ⿏ 㑺 ᴳDŽ⫼ ĀNSEL,S,LOC,Y,5ā 䗝ᢽ Y=5m ԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍ˈ⫼
ĀD,ALL,UZ,,,,,UXāᇍY=5mԡ㕂ⱘ᠔᳝㡖⚍ᮑࡴUZ=0ˈUX=0ⱘԡ⿏㑺ᴳDŽ⫼ĀNSEL,ALLā
䗝ᢽ᠔᳝㡖⚍DŽ
⫼ᅮН㸼䴶㥋䕑ੑҸĀSFE,ALL,6,PRES,,1āᇍ᠔᳝ऩ‫ܗ‬ᮑࡴ⊓ⴔ6ো䴶ᮍ৥ⱘय़࡯㥋

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䕑1MPaDŽ ᮑࡴԡ⿏㑺ᴳ੠㥋䕑ৢⱘ῵ൟব៤བ೒12.7᠔⼎ⱘḋᄤ DŽ⫼䕧ߎ䆒㕂ੑҸ

ĀOUTPR,,1ā䆒㕂া䕧ߎ㄀1Ͼ㥋䕑ℹⱘ෎ᴀ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰDŽ

೒12.7 ᮑࡴԡ⿏㑺ᴳ੠㥋䕑ৢⱘᅲԧ1/4ሖড়ᵓ῵ൟ

(10) ࠩదௐࠓ੦ࣖ‫܊‬ௐࠓd
(11) ၽ‫҉܊‬स੦ࣖມವ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ڴ‬d
⫼Ā/POST1ā䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫৢˈ⫼䗝ᢽ㡖⚍ੑҸĀNSEL,S,LOC,Xā䗝ᢽX=0
ԡ 㕂 ⱘ 㡖 ⚍ˈ⫼ ĀNSEL,R,LOC,Yā 㒻㓁䗝ᢽ Y=0ԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍ DŽ⫼ᰒ⼎㡖⚍㒧ᵰੑҸ
ĀPRNSOL,U,Zā߫㸼ᰒ⼎Ёᖗ⚍ⱘᣴᑺUZ˄བ೒12.8᠔⼎˅ˈ1ো㡖⚍੠51ো㡖⚍ԡѢᵓ
ⱘϞϟ㸼䴶ˈᣴᑺⳌㄝDŽ⫼Ā*GET,DEF46,NODE,1,U,Zāᦤপ1ো㡖⚍ⱘZᮍ৥ᣴᑺˈᄬܹ
ব䞣DEF46DŽ

೒12.8 ߽⫼ϝ㓈8㡖⚍ሖড়೎ԧऩ‫ܗ‬SOLID46䅵ㅫⱘሖড়ᵓЁᖗᣴᑺ

(12) Շ࿌೴ᆦ,ߜ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ͬڴ‬ӉӾუ໔೴ᆦd
(13) ‫؟‬ဈ8ࠋԤЊ‫څۦ‬඘Ӧ၍SOLID191ᄷ໭‫ޙ‬സd
⫼ऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟᅮНੑҸĀET,1,SOLID191,,,,,,,1āᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬ᰃϝ㓈20㡖⚍ሖড়೎ԧऩ

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 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

‫ܗ‬SOLID191DŽ⫼੠㄀˄1˅ℹⳌৠⱘᅲᐌ᭄ᅮНੑҸ੠ᴤ᭭খ᭄ᅮНੑҸᅠ៤ᇍᅲᐌ᭄੠
ᴤ᭭খ᭄ⱘᅮНDŽ
(14) Շ࿌͐Ψԅ‫ߏڑ‬Ԥd
⫼੠ℹ偸˄8˅Ⳍৠⱘ݇䬂⚍ǃ㒓੠ԧᅮНੑҸˈᅠ៤ᇍᵓⱘᅲԧ῵ൟᅮНৢˈ䗮䖛ԧ
ऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬ੑҸVMESHˈߦߚ៤ԧऩ‫˄ܗ‬བ೒12.9᠔⼎˅ˈ⬅Ѣ䖭䞠Փ⫼ⱘᰃ20㡖⚍ⱘϝ㓈
ሖড়೎ԧऩ‫ˈܗ‬᠔⼎ЎⳌৠⱘऩ‫ܗ‬໻ᇣ੠ऩ‫ܗ‬Ͼ᭄ˈԚᰃ㡖⚍㓪ো↨೒12.6ⱘ㡖⚍㽕໻DŽ

೒12.9 䗮䖛݇䬂⚍ǃ㒓੠ԧੑҸᓎゟⱘᅲԧ1/4ሖড়ᵓ῵ൟ

(15) ༪႔Ψ࠘Ԥ,ಠަสྭΨ࠘ඨߑd
⫼੠ℹ偸˄9˅Ⳍৠⱘ䗝ᢽ㡖⚍ˈᮑࡴᇍ⿄ԡ⿏㑺ᴳ੠ϔ㠀ԡ⿏㑺ᴳੑҸৢˈ೼6ো䴶
ᮑࡴ㸼䴶࡯㥋䕑ˈ῵ൟব៤བ೒12.10᠔⼎ⱘḋᄤDŽ

೒12.10 ᮑࡴԡ⿏㑺ᴳ੠㥋䕑ৢⱘᅲԧ1/4ሖড়ᵓ῵ൟ

(16) ၽௐࠓ੦ࣖௐࠓd

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 ㄀ゴሖড়ᵓ੠ᮁ㺖࡯ᄺ

(17) ၽ‫҉܊‬स੦ࣖມವ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ڴ‬d
⫼Ā/POST1ā䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫৢˈ⫼ĀNSEL,S,LOC,Xā䗝ᢽX=0ԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍ˈ⫼
ĀNSEL,R,LOC,Yā㒻㓁䗝ᢽY=0ԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍DŽ⫼ĀPRNSOL,U,Zā߫㸼ᰒ⼎Ёᖗ⚍ⱘᣴᑺ
UZ˄བ೒12.10᠔⼎˅ˈ೒Ёᰒ⼎ᵓЁᖗⱘᣴᑺЎ0.0683mDŽ䖭䞠ߎ⦄ⱘ3Ͼ㡖⚍䛑ᰃ˄0ˈ0˅
ԡ㕂ⱘϞ㸼䴶ˈЁ䴶੠ϟ㸼䴶ԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍DŽ⫼Ā*GET,DEF191,NODE,1,U,Zāᦤপ1ো㡖⚍
ⱘZᮍ৥ᣴᑺˈᄬܹব䞣DEF191DŽ

೒12.11 ߽⫼ϝ㓈20㡖⚍ሖড়೎ԧऩ‫ܗ‬SOLID191䅵ㅫⱘሖড়ᵓЁᖗᣴᑺ

(18) Շ࿌೴ᆦ,ߜ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ͬڴ‬ӉӾუ໔೴ᆦd
(19) Ҷ೴࡬࣏ᄯ‫؏݋‬೴࡬,೛ѻӾำߑd

2ˊANSYS⿟ᑣ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎҹࠡ῵ഫ
/CLEAR, NOSTART ! ⏙䰸᭄᥂,ϡࡴ䕑߱ྟ࣪᭛ӊ
! (1) 䆒㕂Ꮉ⿟䗝乍ǃߚᵤ㉏ൟǃऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟ੠ᴤ᭭খ᭄
/FILENAME,EX12.1 ! ᅮНᎹ⿟᭛ӊৡ⿄
/PREP7 ! ࡴ䕑ࠡ໘⧚῵ഫ
SMRT,OFF ! ݇䯁ᱎ㛑࣪㔥Ḑࡳ㛑
/TITLE, EX12.1, SIMPLY SUPPORTED LAMINATED PLATE UNDER PRESSURE(SHELL99)
C*** EXACT SOLUTIONS OF MODERATELY THICK LAMINATED SHELLS,
C*** J.N. REDDY, JNL. OF ENGR. MECHANICS, VOL 110, NO.5, MAY'84.
ANTYPE,STATIC ! ᅮНߚᵤ㉏ൟЎ䴭࡯ߚᵤ
ET,1,SHELL99,,,,,,,1 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬ᰃ8㡖⚍ሖড়໇ऩ‫ܗ‬SHELL99
R,1,4,1 ! ⫼ᅲᐌ᭄ᅮН4ሖ,ᇍ⿄䫎䆒
RMORE ! ⫼ᅲᐌ᭄ᅮН
RMORE,1,0,.025,1,90,.025 ! ㄀1ሖ੠㄀2ሖᣝ✻ (0/90/90/0) 䫎䆒
MP,EX,1,25E6 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘXᮍ৥ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EX=25 MPa
MP,EY,1,1E6 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘYᮍ৥ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EY=1 MPa
MP,EZ,1,1E6 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘZᮍ৥ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EZ=1 MPa
MP,GXY,1,5E5 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘXYᮍ৥ⱘ࠾ߛᔍᗻ῵䞣GXY=5E5 Pa

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MP,GYZ,1,2E5 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘYZᮍ৥ⱘ࠾ߛᔍᗻ῵䞣GYZ=2E5 Pa
MP,GXZ,1,5E5 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘXZᮍ৥ⱘ࠾ߛᔍᗻ῵䞣GXZ=5E5 Pa
MP,PRXY,1,0.01 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘXYᮍ৥ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨PRXY=0.01
MP,PRYZ,1,0.25 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘYZᮍ৥ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨PRYZ=0.25
MP,PRXZ,1,0.01 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘXZᮍ৥ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨PRXZ=0.01
! (2) ᅮН݇䬂⚍ǃ䴶,ᑊᇚ䴶ߦߚ៤䴶ऩ‫ܗ‬
K,1 ! ೼തᷛॳ⚍(0,0)ᅮНԡѢᮍᵓЁᖗԡ㕂ⱘ㄀1Ͼ݇䬂⚍
K,2,5 ! ೼തᷛ(5m,0)ᅮН㄀2Ͼ݇䬂⚍
K,3,5,5 ! ೼തᷛ(5m,5m)ᅮН㄀3Ͼ݇䬂⚍
K,4,,5 ! ೼തᷛ(0,5m)ᅮН㄀4Ͼ݇䬂⚍
A,1,2,3,4 ! 䖛㡖⚍1,2,3੠4ᅮН1/4ᵓ䴶
ESIZE,,6 ! ऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬ᯊߚЎ3↉
/PNUM,NODE,1 ! ᠧᓔ㡖⚍㓪োᰒ⼎
AMESH,1 ! ᇚ1ো䴶ߦߚЎ䴶ऩ‫ܗ‬
! (3) 䗝ᢽ䖍⬠⚍,ᮑࡴԡ⿏䖍⬠ᴵӊ
NSEL,S,LOC,X,0 ! 䗝ᢽX=0ԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍
DSYM,SYMM,X ! ᇍX=0ⱘ㡖⚍ᮑࡴ݇ѢX(YZᑇ䴶)ⱘᇍ⿄ԡ⿏ᴵӊ
NSEL,S,LOC,Y,0 ! 䗝ᢽY=0ԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍
DSYM,SYMM,Y ! ᇍY=0ⱘ㡖⚍ᮑࡴ݇ѢY(XZᑇ䴶)ⱘᇍ⿄ԡ⿏ᴵӊ
NSEL,S,LOC,X,5 ! 䗝ᢽX=5mԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍
D,ALL,UZ,,,,,UY ! ᇍX=5mԡ㕂ⱘ᠔᳝㡖⚍ᮑࡴUZ=0,UY=0ⱘԡ⿏㑺ᴳ
NSEL,S,LOC,Y,5 ! 䗝ᢽY=5mԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍
D,ALL,UZ,,,,,UX ! ᇍY=5mԡ㕂ⱘ᠔᳝㡖⚍ᮑࡴUZ=0,UX=0ⱘԡ⿏㑺ᴳ
NSEL,ALL ! 䗝ᢽ᠔᳝㡖⚍
SFE,ALL,2,PRES,,1 ! ᇍ᠔᳝ऩ‫ܗ‬ᮑࡴ⊓ⴔ2ো䴶ᮍ৥ⱘय़࡯㥋䕑1 MPa
OUTPR,,1 ! 䆒㕂া䕧ߎ㄀1Ͼ㥋䕑ℹⱘ෎ᴀ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎࠡ໘⧚῵ഫ
! (4) ೼∖㾷῵ഫ∖㾷
/SOLU ! 䖯ܹ∖㾷῵ഫ
SOLVE ! ᓔྟ∖㾷
FINISH ! 䗔ߎ∖㾷῵ഫ
! (5) ೼ৢ໘⧚῵ഫᰒ⼎䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
/POST1 ! 䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
NSEL,S,LOC,X ! 䗝ᢽX=0ԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍
NSEL,R,LOC,Y ! 㒻㓁䗝ᢽY=0ԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍
PRNSOL,U,Z ! ߫㸼ᰒ⼎Ёᖗ⚍ⱘᣴᑺUZ
*GET,DEF99,NODE,1,U,Z ! ᦤপ1ো㡖⚍ⱘZᮍ৥ᣴᑺ,ᄬܹব䞣DEF99
! (6) ᅮН᭄㒘,ᇚ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰֱᄬࠄ䖭ѯ᭄㒘
*DIM,LABEL_1,CHAR,1,2 ! ᅮН1*2ᄫヺൟ᭄㒘LABEL_1
*DIM,VALUE_1,,1,3 ! ᅮН1*3᭄ؐൟ᭄㒘VALUE_1
LABEL_1(1,1) = 'DEF,m (S' ! 㒭᭄㒘LABEL_1ⱘ㄀1߫䌟ؐ
LABEL_1(1,2) = 'ELL99) ' ! 㒭᭄㒘LABEL_1ⱘ㄀2߫䌟ؐ
*VFILL,VALUE_1(1,1),DATA,0.0683 ! 㒭᭄㒘VALUE_1ⱘ㄀1߫䌟⧚䆎ؐ68.3mm
*VFILL,VALUE_1(1,2),DATA,ABS(DEF99) ! 㒭᭄㒘VALUE_1ⱘ㄀2߫䌟䅵ㅫؐ

460
 ㄀ゴሖড়ᵓ੠ᮁ㺖࡯ᄺ

*VFILL,VALUE_1(1,3),DATA,ABS(DEF99/0.0683) ! 㒭᭄㒘VALUE_1ⱘ㄀3߫䌟↨ؐ
SAVE,INF1 ! ֱᄬ᭄᥂ࠄ᭄᥂ᑧINF1
FINISH ! 䗔ߎৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
! (7) ᬍ⫼8㡖⚍ሖড়೎ԧऩ‫ܗ‬SOLID46䞡ᮄ䅵ㅫ
/CLEAR, NOSTART ! ⏙䰸᭄᥂ˈϡࡴ䕑߱ྟ࣪᭛ӊ
/FILENAME,EX12.1B ! ᅮНᎹ⿟᭛ӊৡ⿄
/PREP7 ! ࡴ䕑ࠡ໘⧚῵ഫ
SMRT,OFF ! ݇䯁ᱎ㛑࣪㔥Ḑࡳ㛑
/TITLE, EX12.1B, SIMPLY SUPPORTED LAMINATED PLATE UNDER PRESSURE(SOLID46)
C*** EXACT SOLUTIONS OF MODERATELY THICK LAMINATED SHELLS,
C*** J.N. REDDY, JNL. OF ENGR. MECHANICS, VOL 110, NO.5, MAY'84.
ANTYPE,STATIC ! ᅮНߚᵤ㉏ൟЎ䴭࡯ߚᵤ
ET,1,SOLID46,,,,,,,1 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬ᰃ8㡖⚍ሖড়೎ԧऩ‫ܗ‬SOLID46
R,1,4,1 ! ⫼ᅲᐌ᭄ᅮН4ሖ,ᇍ⿄䫎䆒
RMORE ! ⫼ᅲᐌ᭄ᅮН
RMORE,1,0,.025,1,90,.025 ! ㄀1ሖ੠㄀2ሖᣝ✻ (0/90/90/0) 䫎䆒
MP,EX,1,25E6 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘXᮍ৥ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EX=25 MPa
MP,EY,1,1E6 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘYᮍ৥ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EY=1 MPa
MP,EZ,1,1E6 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘZᮍ৥ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EZ=1 MPa
MP,GXY,1,5E5 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘXYᮍ৥ⱘ࠾ߛᔍᗻ῵䞣GXY=5E5 Pa
MP,GYZ,1,2E5 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘYZᮍ৥ⱘ࠾ߛᔍᗻ῵䞣GYZ=2E5 Pa
MP,GXZ,1,5E5 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘXZᮍ৥ⱘ࠾ߛᔍᗻ῵䞣GXZ=5E5 Pa
MP,PRXY,1,0.25 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘXYᮍ৥ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨PRXY=0.25
MP,PRYZ,1,0.25 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘYZᮍ৥ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨PRYZ=0.25
MP,PRXZ,1,0.01 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘXZᮍ৥ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨PRXZ=0.01
! (8) ᅮН݇䬂⚍ǃ䴶,ᑊᇚ䴶ߦߚ៤䴶ऩ‫ܗ‬
K,1 ! ೼തᷛॳ⚍(0,0)ᅮНԡѢᮍᵓЁᖗԡ㕂ⱘ㄀1Ͼ݇䬂⚍
K,2,5 ! ೼തᷛ(5m,0)ᅮН㄀2Ͼ݇䬂⚍
K,3,5,5 ! ೼തᷛ(5m,5m)ᅮН㄀3Ͼ݇䬂⚍
K,4,,5 ! ೼തᷛ(0,5m)ᅮН㄀4Ͼ݇䬂⚍
KGEN,2,1,4,1,,,0.1 ! ᕾ⦃2⃵,ᣝ1ো݇䬂⚍ࠄ4ো݇䬂⚍ⱘ῵ᓣ,Zതᷛ๲ࡴ0.1m,⫳៤݊ԭ
݇䬂⚍
L,1,5 ! 䖛݇䬂⚍1੠5ᅮНⳈ㒓
*REPEAT,4,1,1 ! ᕾ⦃4⃵䞡໡ᠻ㸠ࠡ䴶ੑҸ,↣⃵㡖⚍ো๲ࡴ1
LESIZE,ALL,,,1 ! 䆒㕂Ꮖ㒣ᅮНⱘ㒓೼ऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬ᯊߚЎ1↉
/PNUM,NODE,1 ! ᠧᓔ㡖⚍㓪োᰒ⼎
/View,1,1,1,1 ! ߛᤶࠄㄝ䕈⌟㾚⚍ᮍ৥
V,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8 ! 䖛㡖⚍1,2,3,4,5,6,7੠8ᅮНԧ
ESIZE,,6 ! ᇍ1/4῵ൟߦߚऩ‫ܗ‬ᰃߦߚЎ6X6
VMESH,1 ! ᇍ1োԧᠻ㸠ԧऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬
! (9) 䗝ᢽ䖍⬠⚍,ᮑࡴԡ⿏䖍⬠ᴵӊ
NSEL,S,LOC,X,0 ! 䗝ᢽX=0ԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍
DSYM,SYMM,X ! ᇍX=0ⱘ㡖⚍ᮑࡴ݇ѢX(YZᑇ䴶)ⱘᇍ⿄ԡ⿏ᴵӊ
NSEL,S,LOC,Y,0 ! 䗝ᢽY=0ԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍
DSYM,SYMM,Y ! ᇍY=0ⱘ㡖⚍ᮑࡴ݇ѢY(XZᑇ䴶)ⱘᇍ⿄ԡ⿏ᴵӊ

461
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

NSEL,S,LOC,X,5 ! 䗝ᢽX=5mԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍
D,ALL,UZ,,,,,UY ! ᇍX=5mԡ㕂ⱘ᠔᳝㡖⚍ᮑࡴUZ=0,UY=0ⱘԡ⿏㑺ᴳ
NSEL,S,LOC,Y,5 ! 䗝ᢽY=5mԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍
D,ALL,UZ,,,,,UX ! ᇍY=5mԡ㕂ⱘ᠔᳝㡖⚍ᮑࡴUZ=0,UX=0ⱘԡ⿏㑺ᴳ
NSEL,ALL ! 䗝ᢽ᠔᳝㡖⚍
SFE,ALL,6,PRES,,1 ! ᇍ᠔᳝ऩ‫ܗ‬ᮑࡴ⊓ⴔ6ো䴶ᮍ৥ⱘय़࡯㥋䕑1 MPa
OUTPR,,1 ! 䆒㕂া䕧ߎ㄀1Ͼ㥋䕑ℹⱘ෎ᴀ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎࠡ໘⧚῵ഫ
! (10) ೼∖㾷῵ഫ∖㾷
/SOLU ! 䖯ܹ∖㾷῵ഫ
SOLVE ! ᓔྟ∖㾷
FINISH ! 䗔ߎ∖㾷῵ഫ
! (11) ೼ৢ໘⧚῵ഫᰒ⼎䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
/POST1 ! 䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
NSEL,S,LOC,X ! 䗝ᢽX=0ԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍
NSEL,R,LOC,Y ! 㒻㓁䗝ᢽY=0ԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍
PRNSOL,U,Z ! ߫㸼ᰒ⼎Ёᖗ⚍ⱘᣴᑺUZ
*GET,DEF46,NODE,1,U,Z ! ᦤপ1ো㡖⚍ⱘZᮍ৥ᣴᑺ,ᄬܹব䞣DEF46
! (12) ᅮН᭄㒘,ᇚ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰֱᄬࠄ䖭ѯ᭄㒘
*DIM,LABEL_2,CHAR,1,2 ! ᅮН1*2ᄫヺൟ᭄㒘LABEL_2
*DIM,VALUE_2,,1,3 ! ᅮН1*3᭄ؐൟ᭄㒘VALUE_2
LABEL_2(1,1) = 'DEF,m (S' ! 㒭᭄㒘LABEL_2ⱘ㄀1߫䌟ؐ
LABEL_2(1,2) = 'OLID46) ' ! 㒭᭄㒘LABEL_2ⱘ㄀2߫䌟ؐ
*VFILL,VALUE_2(1,1),DATA,0.0683 ! 㒭᭄㒘VALUEⱘ㄀1߫䌟⧚䆎ؐ68.3mm
*VFILL,VALUE_2(1,2),DATA,ABS(DEF46) ! 㒭᭄㒘VALUE_2ⱘ㄀2߫䌟䅵ㅫؐ
*VFILL,VALUE_2(1,3),DATA,ABS(DEF46/0.0683) ! 㒭᭄㒘VALUE_2ⱘ㄀3߫䌟↨ؐ
SAVE,INF2 ! ֱᄬ᭄᥂ࠄ᭄᥂ᑧINF2
FINISH ! 䗔ߎৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
! (13) ᬍ⫼8㡖⚍ሖড়೎ԧऩ‫ܗ‬SOLID191䞡ᮄ䅵ㅫ
/CLEAR, NOSTART ! ⏙䰸᭄᥂ˈϡࡴ䕑߱ྟ࣪᭛ӊ
/FILENAME,EX12.1C ! ᅮНᎹ⿟᭛ӊৡ⿄
/PREP7 ! ࡴ䕑ࠡ໘⧚῵ഫ
SMRT,OFF ! ݇䯁ᱎ㛑࣪㔥Ḑࡳ㛑
/TITLE, EX12.1C, SIMPLY SUPPORTED LAMINATED PLATE UNDER PRESSURE(SOLID191)
C*** EXACT SOLUTIONS OF MODERATELY THICK LAMINATED SHELLS,
C*** J.N. REDDY, JNL. OF ENGR. MECHANICS, VOL 110, NO.5, MAY'84.
ANTYPE,STATIC ! ᅮНߚᵤ㉏ൟЎ䴭࡯ߚᵤ
ET,1,SOLID191,,,,,,,1 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬ᰃ8㡖⚍ሖড়೎ԧऩ‫ܗ‬SOLID191
R,1,4,1 ! ⫼ᅲᐌ᭄ᅮН4ሖ,ᇍ⿄䫎䆒
RMORE ! ⫼ᅲᐌ᭄ᅮН
RMORE,1,0,0.25,1,90,0.25 ! ㄀1ሖ੠㄀2ሖᣝ✻ (0/90/90/0) 䫎䆒
MP,EX,1,25E6 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘXᮍ৥ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EX=25 MPa
MP,EY,1,1E6 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘYᮍ৥ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EY=1 MPa
MP,EZ,1,1E6 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘZᮍ৥ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EZ=1 MPa
MP,GXY,1,5E5 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘXYᮍ৥ⱘ࠾ߛᔍᗻ῵䞣GXY=5E5 Pa

462
 ㄀ゴሖড়ᵓ੠ᮁ㺖࡯ᄺ

MP,GYZ,1,2E5 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘYZᮍ৥ⱘ࠾ߛᔍᗻ῵䞣GYZ=2E5 Pa
MP,GXZ,1,5E5 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘXZᮍ৥ⱘ࠾ߛᔍᗻ῵䞣GXZ=5E5 Pa
MP,PRXY,1,0.25 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘXYᮍ৥ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨PRXY=0.25
MP,PRYZ,1,0.25 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘYZᮍ৥ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨PRYZ=0.25
MP,PRXZ,1,0.01 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘXZᮍ৥ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨PRXZ=0.01
! (14) ᅮНᵓ䖍ⱘ݇䬂⚍
K,1 ! ೼തᷛॳ⚍(0,0)ᅮНԡѢᮍᵓЁᖗԡ㕂ⱘ㄀1Ͼ݇䬂⚍
K,2,5 ! ೼തᷛ(5m,0)ᅮН㄀2Ͼ݇䬂⚍
K,3,5,5 ! ೼തᷛ(5m,5m)ᅮН㄀3Ͼ݇䬂⚍
K,4,,5 ! ೼തᷛ(0,5m)ᅮН㄀4Ͼ݇䬂⚍
KGEN,2,1,4,1,,,0.1 ! ᕾ⦃2⃵,ᣝ1ো݇䬂⚍ࠄ4ো݇䬂⚍ⱘ῵ᓣ,Zതᷛ๲ࡴ0.1m,⫳៤݇䬂⚍
L,1,5 ! 䖛݇䬂⚍1੠5ᅮНⳈ㒓
*REPEAT,4,1,1 ! ᕾ⦃4⃵䞡໡ᠻ㸠ࠡ䴶ੑҸ,↣⃵㡖⚍ো๲ࡴ1
LESIZE,ALL,,,1 ! 䆒㕂Ꮖ㒣ᅮНⱘ㒓೼ऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬ᯊߚЎ1↉
/PNUM,NODE,1 ! ᠧᓔ㡖⚍㓪োᰒ⼎
/View,1,1,1,1 ! ߛᤶࠄㄝ䕈⌟㾚⚍ᮍ৥
V,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8 ! 䖛㡖⚍1,2,3,4,5,6,7੠8ᅮНԧ
ESIZE,,6 ! ᇍ1/4῵ൟߦߚऩ‫ܗ‬ᰃߦߚЎ6X6
VMESH,1 ! ᇍ1োԧᠻ㸠ԧऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬
! (15) 䗝ᢽ䖍⬠⚍,ᮑࡴԡ⿏䖍⬠ᴵӊ
NSEL,S,LOC,X,0 ! 䗝ᢽX=0ԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍
DSYM,SYMM,X ! ᇍX=0ⱘ㡖⚍ᮑࡴ݇ѢX(YZᑇ䴶)ⱘᇍ⿄ԡ⿏ᴵӊ
NSEL,S,LOC,Y,0 ! 䗝ᢽY=0ԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍
DSYM,SYMM,Y ! ᇍY=0ⱘ㡖⚍ᮑࡴ݇ѢY(XZᑇ䴶)ⱘᇍ⿄ԡ⿏ᴵӊ
NSEL,S,LOC,X,5 ! 䗝ᢽX=5mԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍
D,ALL,UZ,,,,,UY ! ᇍX=5mԡ㕂ⱘ᠔᳝㡖⚍ᮑࡴUZ=0,UY=0ⱘԡ⿏㑺ᴳ
NSEL,S,LOC,Y,5 ! 䗝ᢽY=5mԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍
D,ALL,UZ,,,,,UX ! ᇍY=5mԡ㕂ⱘ᠔᳝㡖⚍ᮑࡴUZ=0,UX=0ⱘԡ⿏㑺ᴳ
NSEL,ALL ! 䗝ᢽ᠔᳝㡖⚍
SFE,ALL,6,PRES,,1 ! ᇍ᠔᳝ऩ‫ܗ‬ᮑࡴ⊓ⴔ6ো䴶ᮍ৥ⱘय़࡯㥋䕑1 MPa
OUTPR,,1 ! 䆒㕂া䕧ߎ㄀1Ͼ㥋䕑ℹⱘ෎ᴀ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎࠡ໘⧚῵ഫ
! (16) ೼∖㾷῵ഫ∖㾷
/SOLU ! 䖯ܹ∖㾷῵ഫ
SOLVE ! ᓔྟ∖㾷
FINISH ! 䗔ߎ∖㾷῵ഫ
! (17) ೼ৢ໘⧚῵ഫᰒ⼎䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
/POST1 ! 䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
NSEL,S,LOC,X ! 䗝ᢽX=0ԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍
NSEL,R,LOC,Y ! 㒻㓁䗝ᢽY=0ԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍
PRNSOL,U,Z ! ߫㸼ᰒ⼎Ёᖗ⚍ⱘᣴᑺUZ
*GET,DEF191,NODE,1,U,Z ! ᦤপ1ো㡖⚍ⱘZᮍ৥ᣴᑺ,ᄬܹব䞣DEF191
! (18) ᅮН᭄㒘,ᇚ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰֱᄬࠄ䖭ѯ᭄㒘
*DIM,LABEL_2,CHAR,1,2 ! ᅮН1*2ᄫヺൟ᭄㒘LABEL_2
*DIM,VALUE_2,,1,3 ! ᅮН1*3᭄ؐൟ᭄㒘VALUE_2

463
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

LABEL_2(1,1) = 'DEF,m (S' ! 㒭᭄㒘LABEL_2ⱘ㄀1߫䌟ؐ

LABEL_2(1,2) = 'OLID191) ' ! 㒭᭄㒘LABEL_2ⱘ㄀2߫䌟ؐ
*VFILL,VALUE_2(1,1),DATA,0.0683 ! 㒭᭄㒘VALUEⱘ㄀1߫䌟⧚䆎ؐ68.3mm
*VFILL,VALUE_2(1,2),DATA,ABS(DEF191) ! 㒭᭄㒘VALUE_2ⱘ㄀2߫䌟䅵ㅫؐ
*VFILL,VALUE_2(1,3),DATA,ABS(DEF191/0.0683) ! 㒭᭄㒘VALUE_2ⱘ㄀3߫䌟↨ؐ
SAVE,INF3 ! ֱᄬ᭄᥂ࠄ᭄᥂ᑧINF3
! (19) Ң᭄᥂ᑧЁᘶ໡᭄᥂,䕧ߎࠄ᭛ӊ
RESUME,INF1 ! Ң᭄᥂ᑧINF1Ёᘶ໡᭄᥂
/COM
/OUT,EX12_1,out ! ᣛᅮ䕧ߎ᭛ӊЎEX12_1.out
/COM,------------------- EX12.1 RESULTS COMPARISON --------------
/COM,
/COM, | TARGET | ANSYS | RATIO
/COM,
*VWRITE,LABEL_1(1,1),LABEL_1(1,2),VALUE_1(1,1),VALUE_1(1,2),VALUE_1(1,3)
(1X,A8,A8,' ',F10.4,' ',F10.4,' ',1F5.3)
/NOPR
RESUME,INF2 ! Ң᭄᥂ᑧINF2Ёᘶ໡᭄᥂
/GOPR
/NOPR
/COM.
*VWRITE,LABEL_2(1,1),LABEL_2(1,2),VALUE_2(1,1),VALUE_2(1,2),VALUE_2(1,3)
(1X,A8,A8,' ',F10.4,' ',F10.4,' ',1F5.3)
RESUME, INF3 ! Ң᭄᥂ᑧINF3Ёᘶ໡᭄᥂
/GOPR
*VWRITE,LABEL_2(1,1),LABEL_2(1,2),VALUE_2(1,1),VALUE_2(1,2),VALUE_2(1,3)
(1X,A8,A8,' ',F10.4,' ',F10.4,' ',1F5.3)
/COM,----------------------------------------------------------
/OUT ! ݇䯁䞡ᅮ৥᭛ӊ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎҹࠡ῵ഫ
*LIST,EX12_1,out ! ᰒ⼎䕧ߎ᭛ӊEX12_1.outⱘ‫ݙ‬ᆍ

3ˊ㒧ᵰ䅼䆎

߽⫼Ϟ䴶⿟ᑣˈ䞛⫼Ⳍৠⱘऩ‫ܗ‬໻ᇣˈߚ߿⫼3⾡ऩ‫ܗ‬䅵ㅫᕫࠄሖড়ᵓЁᖗᣴᑺؐ˄བ
㸼12.1᠔⼎˅DŽ㸼Ё᭄᥂ᰒ⼎ˈ3Ͼ㒧ᵰ䛑੠⧚䆎ؐᕜ᥹䖥DŽԚᰃˈ20㡖⚍ⱘऩ‫ܗ‬SOLID191
㊒ᑺ᳔དˈ8㡖⚍ሖড়໇ऩ‫ܗ‬SHELL99㊒ᑺ᳔ᏂDŽ
㸼12.1 ϡৠऩ‫ܗ‬䅵ㅫⱘ೼ഛᏗ㥋䕑԰⫼ϟಯ䖍ㅔᬃሖড়ᵓⱘЁᖗᣴᑺ
ϡৠⱘऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟ ㊒ ⹂ ؐ ANSYS ↨ ؐ
SHELL99ऩ‫ܗ‬䅵ㅫᣴᑺ˄m˅ 0.0683 0.0699 1.024
SOLID46ऩ‫ܗ‬䅵ㅫᣴᑺ˄m˅ 0.0683 0.0676 0.990
SOLID191ऩ‫ܗ‬䅵ㅫᣴᑺ˄m˅ 0.0683 0.0683 1.000

464
 ㄀ゴሖড়ᵓ੠ᮁ㺖࡯ᄺ

12.2 ഛᏗᢝ࡯԰⫼ϟ৿㺖㒍ᵓⱘᑨ࡯ᔎᑺ಴ᄤ䅵ㅫ

८ᑺЎt=6.35mmˈᆑᑺЎ2b=245mmˈ৿᳝䭓ᑺЎ2a=50.8mmⱘЁᖗこ䗣㺖㒍ⱘᑇᵓˈ
೼ഛࣔᢝᑨ࡯³0 =3890Pa԰⫼ϟˈᔍᗻ῵䞣E=207GPaˈ⊞ᵒ↨­=0.3ˈ䆩ߚ߿⫼㓈೎ԧऩ
‫ܗ‬SOLID95ˈϝ㓈೎ԧऩ‫ܗ‬SOLID45੠Ѡ㓈ᑇ䴶ᑨবऩ‫ܗ‬PLANE82⹂ᅮ೼䆹ᢝ࡯԰⫼ϟˈ
㺖㒍ᇪッⱘᑨ࡯ᔎᑺ಴ᄤKl DŽ
Y
s o =3890Pa

2a =50.8mm

Z t=6.35mm

2b =254mm

s o =3890Pa

೒12.12 ഛᏗᢝ࡯԰⫼ϟ৿㺖㒍ᵓ䅵ㅫ῵ൟ

佪‫ܜ‬Փ⫼3-D೎ԧऩ‫ܗ‬SOLID95੠3-D೎ԧऩ‫ܗ‬SOLID45∖㾷ˈ᳔ৢ⫼2-Dᑇ䴶ᑨবऩ‫ܗ‬
PLANE82∖㾷DŽ⬅Ѣᇍ⿄ᗻˈৃҹাՓ⫼1/4῵ൟ(བ೒12.13-೒12.14᠔⼎)DŽᅣ⿟ᑣFRACT
ৃҹᇚѠ㓈SOLID45῵ൟ䗮䖛⏏ࡴ1/4ԡ㕂ⱘЁ䯈㡖⚍䕀࣪៤SOLID95㺖㒍ᇪッऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ

೒12.13 SOLID95੠SOLID45ऩ‫ܗ‬1/4ϝ㓈῵ൟ ೒12.14 PLANE82ऩ‫ⱘܗ‬1/4᳝䰤‫ܗ‬Ѡ㓈῵ൟ

೼བ೒12.13᠔⼎ⱘϝ㓈ߚᵤЁˈৃҹ䗮䖛䆒㕂᠔᳝㡖⚍ⱘZᮍ৥㞾⬅ᑺUZ㹿㑺ᴳᴹᅲ
⦄ᑇ䴶ᑨবᴵӊDŽ೼ᬒ໻ⱘϝ㓈῵ൟ೒Ёˈাᰒ⼎ৢ㸼䴶Ϟⱘ㡖⚍㓪োDŽ↨䕗ㅔऩⱘབ೒
12.14᠔⼎ⱘѠ㓈PLANE82῵ൟৃҹⳈ᥹Փ⫼㞾ࡼ㔥Ḑߦߚ⿟ᑣᴹ㦋ᕫ㔥ḐDŽᏺ᳝㡖⚍༛ᓖ
ᗻⱘ2D㺖㒍ᇪッऩ‫ৃܗ‬ҹ⫼KSCONੑҸᴹ⫳៤DŽ
೼ৢ໘⧚῵ഫPOST1Ёˈ㺖㒍ⱘᑨ࡯ᔎᑺ಴ᄤ˄KI˅ৃҹ⫼ԡ⿏ᦦؐ˄KCALCੑҸ˅
ᮍ⊩੠J⿃ߚᮍ⊩ᴹ䅵ㅫDŽᑊϨ೼䕧ܹ᭛ӊЁ᳝ϔϾ䅵ㅫJ⿃ߚⱘ⫼᠋㞾ᅮНᅣ⿟ᑣJIN1ˈ

465
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

ᅗЏ㽕ࣙᣀ䅵ㅫJ⿃ߚ᠔䳔㽕ⱘ䏃ᕘ᪡԰DŽϔ㠀೼Փ⫼ᯊˈ䆹⫼᠋ᅣ⿟ᑣᑨ䆹೼ᔧࠡⳂᔩЁˈ
ϡ䳔㽕↣⃵䞡ᮄ⫳៤DŽ

1ˊߚᵤ䖛⿟

(1) Շ࿌ಓюॺี޵ժӦ၍ԅ‫܁‬ё༝d
ᅮНᇚѠ㓈SOLID45῵ൟ䗮䖛⏏ࡴ1/4ԡ㕂ⱘЁ䯈㡖⚍䕀࣪៤SOLID95㺖㒍ᇪッऩ‫ܗ‬
ⱘᅣ⿟ᑣDŽ⫼Ā*CREATE,FRACT,MACāᅮНᅣ⿟ᑣFRACT.MAC DŽ⫼Ā*ENDā㒧ᴳᅣ
⿟ᑣFRACT.MACᅮНDŽ
(2) ၽ஍҉स੦ࣖಁᄢٝё༪ົc‫ד‬๥फ໸cӦ၍फ໸ۤϫॸϵ೴d
⫼ऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟᅮНੑҸĀET,1,SOLID45āᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬ᰃϝ㓈೎ԧऩ‫ܗ‬SOLID45ˈ⫼
ĀET,2,SOLID45āᅮН㄀2㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬ᰃSOLID45(⫼Ѣ㺖㒍ᇪッ਼ೈ)ˈ⫼ĀET,3,SOLID95āᅮ
Н㄀3㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬ᰃSOLID95(⫼ᅣ⿟ᑣFRACT⫳៤ⱘ㺖㒍ᇪッ਼ೈ)DŽ
⫼ᴤ᭭খ᭄ᅮНੑҸĀMP,EX,1,207E3āᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EX=207 MPaˈ⫼
ĀMP,NUXY,1,0.3āᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨NUXY=0.3DŽ
(3) ၽᅘᆵγຂຏՇ࿌ࠋԤd
⫼ĀCSYS,1āੑҸᇚതᷛ㋏ߛᤶࠄ᷅䴶തᷛ㋏ˈ⫼ᅮН㡖⚍ੑҸĀN,1ā೼തᷛॳ⚍(0,0)
ᅮН㄀1ো㡖⚍ˈ⫼㡖⚍⫳៤ੑҸĀNGEN,9,20,1āᕾ⦃9⃵ˈ↣⃵㡖⚍ো๲䞣20ˈᣝ㡖⚍1
ⱘԡ㕂ϡবˈ⫳៤㡖⚍DŽ⫼ĀN,11,20.32ā೼തᷛॳ⚍(20.32mm,0)ᅮН㄀11ো㡖⚍ˈ⫼
Ā N,171,20.32,180 ā೼ ത ᷛ ॳ ⚍(20.32mm,180 ᑺ) ᅮН㄀ 171 ো 㡖 ⚍DŽ ⫼ 㡖 ⚍ ฿ ‫ ܙ‬ੑ Ҹ
ĀFILL,11,171,7,31,20ā೼11ࠄ171㡖⚍䯈฿‫ܙ‬7Ͼ㡖⚍ˈҢ31ো㡖⚍ᓔྟˈ㡖⚍ো๲䞣Ў20ˈ
ᕫࠄ㺖㒍ᇪッ䰘䖥ऎඳ㡖⚍Ꮧ㕂˄བ೒12.15᠔⼎˅㒧ᵰDŽ

೒12.15 ৿㺖㒍ᵓ1/4῵ൟ㺖㒍ᇪッ䰘䖥ऎඳ㡖⚍Ꮧ㕂

⫼തᷛ㋏ᅮНੑҸ ĀCSYS,0āᇚതᷛ㋏ߛᤶࠄⳈ㾦തᷛ㋏ৢˈ⫼㡖⚍฿‫ܙ‬ੑҸ
ĀFILL,1,11,9,2,1,9,20,3ā೼1ো㡖⚍ࠄ11ো㡖⚍П䯈฿‫ܙ‬9Ͼ㡖⚍ˈҢ2ো㡖⚍ᓔྟˈ๲䞣1DŽ
ᇚ䆹฿‫ܙ‬᪡԰‫ݡ‬ᕾ⦃9⃵ˈ↣⃵᠔᳝㡖⚍ো๲䞣Ў20ˈ㡖⚍П䯈ⱘ䯈䱨↨՟Ў3DŽ䖭ḋⱘϸ

466
 ㄀ゴሖড়ᵓ੠ᮁ㺖࡯ᄺ

䞡ᕾ⦃฿‫ˈܙ‬ᕫࠄབ೒12.16᠔⼎ⱘ㡖⚍Ꮧ㕂ˈ‫ݙ‬ሖᕾ⦃ᕫࠄञᕘᮍ৥ⱘ฿‫ˈܙ‬໪ሖᕾ⦃೼
ϡৠ⦃৥㾦ᑺϞᅲᮑ฿‫ܙ‬᪡԰DŽ

೒12.16 ߽⫼ঠ䞡ᕾ⦃฿‫ܙ‬㺖㒍ᇪッऎඳⱘ㡖⚍

⫼ĀN,15,101.6ā೼തᷛ(101.6mm,0) ᅮН㄀15ো㡖⚍ˈ⫼ĀN,75,101.6,127ā೼തᷛ
(101.6mm,127mm)ᅮН㄀75ো㡖⚍DŽ⫼ĀFILL,15,75,2,35,20ā೼15োࠄ75ো㡖⚍П䯈฿‫ܙ‬2
Ͼ㡖⚍ˈҢ35ো㡖⚍ᓔྟˈ㡖⚍ো๲䞣20DŽ
⫼ĀN,155,25.4,127ā೼തᷛ(25.4mm,127mm)ᅮН㄀75ো㡖⚍ˈ ⫼ĀFILL,75,155,3, 95,20ā
೼75োࠄ155োП䯈฿‫ܙ‬3Ͼ㡖⚍ˈҢ95ো㡖⚍ᓔྟˈ๲䞣20DŽ⫼ĀN,172,25.4ā೼തᷛ
(25.4mm,0)ᅮН㄀172ো㡖⚍ˈ⫼ĀFILL,155,172,5,177,1,,,0.15ā೼155োࠄ172ো㡖⚍П
䯈฿‫ܙ‬5Ͼ㡖⚍ˈҢ177ো㡖⚍ᓔྟˈ㡖⚍ো๲䞣1ˈ㡖⚍П䯈ⱘ䯈䱨↨՟Ў0.15DŽ㒣䖛䖭
ϔℹ偸ⱘ㡖⚍ᅮН੠฿‫ܙ‬᪡԰ˈᕫࠄབ೒12.17᠔⼎ⱘ໪ೈ㡖⚍DŽ

೒12.17 1/4ᵓ䖍໪ೈ䕂ᒧ㒓Ϟⱘ㡖⚍Ꮧ㕂

467
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

ĀFILL,11,15,3,,,7,20,3ā೼11োࠄ15ো㡖⚍П䯈฿‫ܙ‬3Ͼ㡖⚍ˈᕾ⦃ᠻ㸠䆹฿‫ܙ‬᪡԰7⃵ˈ
↣⃵㡖⚍ো๲䞣20ˈ㡖⚍П䯈ⱘ䯈䱨↨՟Ў3DŽ䖭гᰃϔϾϸ䞡ᕾ⦃฿‫ܙ‬᪡԰ˈ⫳៤བ೒
12.18᠔⼎ⱘ໪ೈ㡖⚍੠‫ݙ‬ሖ㡖⚍П䯈ⱘᬒᇘ⢊㡖⚍Ꮧ㕂DŽ

೒12.18 ߽⫼ঠ䞡ᕾ⦃฿‫⫳ܙ‬៤䖍໪ೈ䕂ᒧऎඳ㡖⚍

ĀNGEN,2,200,1,177,,,,6.35āᕾ⦃2⃵ˈ↣⃵㡖⚍ো๲䞣200ˈᇚ1ࠄ177ো㡖⚍ˈZത
ᷛ๲䞣6.35mmˈ⫳៤X੠YതᷛⳌৠˈZതᷛⳌᏂ6.35mmⱘ㡖⚍DŽ䖭Ͼ᪡԰⫳៤ⱘ㡖⚍Ͼ
᳔᭄໮ˈҢࠡ䴶ⳟˈᅗӀᰃ䞡ড়ⱘ˄བ೒12.19᠔⼎˅DŽ

೒12.19 ߽⫼ᑇ⿏Zതᷛⱘࡲ⊩ᕫࠄᭈϾ1/4ᵓ῵ൟ঺ϔջⱘ㡖⚍

(4) Շ࿌Ӧ၍ॕࠄd
Ўњ֓Ѣ㾖ᆳऩ‫⫳ܗ‬៤䖛⿟ˈ⫼㾚⚍ᅮНੑҸĀ/View,1,1,1,1āᇚにষ1ⱘ㾚⚍ߛᤶࠄ

468
 ㄀ゴሖড়ᵓ੠ᮁ㺖࡯ᄺ

ㄝ䕈⌟㾚⚍ˈᑊ⫼Ā/PNUM,NODE,1āᠧᓔ㡖⚍㓪োᰒ⼎DŽ
⫼ऩ‫ܗ‬ᅮНੑҸĀE,2,22,1,1,202,222,201,201ā䖛ᣛᅮ㡖⚍ᅮНऩ‫⫼ˈܗ‬ऩ‫⫳ܗ‬៤ੑҸ
ĀEGEN,8,20,1āᣝࠡ1Ͼऩ‫ⱘܗ‬㡖⚍䖲᥹ḋᓣˈᕾ⦃8⃵⫳៤7Ͼऩ‫⃵↣ˈܗ‬ऩ‫ⱘܗ‬㡖⚍ো
๲䞣20⫳៤ೈ㒩೼㺖㒍ᇪッⱘऩ‫˄ܗ‬བ೒12.20᠔⼎˅DŽࠡ䴶ᅮН䖛ԡѢ1ো㡖⚍ⱘ8Ͼ䞡ড়
ⱘ㡖⚍ህᰃЎњᮍ֓䖭ϔ㒘ऩ‫ⱘܗ‬ᅮН㗠䆒㕂ⱘDŽ

೒12.20 ೈ㒩㺖㒍ᇪッⱘ㄀ϔ೜ऩ‫ܗ‬

⫼ĀE,2,3,23,22,202,203,223,222ā䖛ᣛᅮ㡖⚍ᅮНऩ‫⫼ˈܗ‬ĀEGEN,8,20,1āᣝࠡ1
Ͼऩ‫ⱘܗ‬㡖⚍䖲᥹ḋᓣˈᕾ⦃8⃵⫳៤7Ͼऩ‫⃵↣ˈܗ‬ऩ‫ⱘܗ‬㡖⚍ো๲䞣20DŽ䖭ϾੑҸ⫳៤
њೈ㒩߮ᠡⱘ8Ͼऩ‫ⱘܗ‬໪ೈ೚⦃Ϟⱘऩ‫˄ܗ‬བ೒12.21᠔⼎˅DŽ

೒12.21 ೈ㒩㺖㒍ᇪッⱘ㄀Ѡ೜ऩ‫ܗ‬

469
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

ĀEGEN,9,1,8āᣝࠡ8Ͼऩ‫ⱘܗ‬㡖⚍䖲᥹ḋᓣˈᕾ⦃9⃵⫳៤64Ͼऩ‫⃵↣ˈܗ‬ऩ‫ⱘܗ‬㡖
⚍ো๲䞣1DŽ䖭ϔহੑҸ⫳៤ೈ㒩೼ࠡ䴶⫳៤ⱘ䙷ϔ㒘ऩ‫ܗ‬໪ೈ˄བ೒12.22᠔⼎˅DŽ

೒12.22 ೈ㒩㺖㒍ᇪッⱘৢ䴶8೜ऩ‫ܗ‬

ĀEGEN,5,1,73,78āᣝ73ࠄ78োऩ‫ⱘܗ‬㡖⚍䖲᥹ḋᓣˈᕾ⦃5⃵⫳៤24Ͼऩ‫⃵↣ˈܗ‬ऩ
‫ⱘܗ‬㡖⚍ো๲䞣Ў1˄བ೒12.23᠔⼎˅DŽ

೒12.23 䖰⾏㺖㒍ᇪッⱘᵓϞⱘऩ‫ܗ‬Ꮧ㕂

⫼ĀE,171,151,173,172,371,351,373,372āˈ
ĀE,151,131,174,173,351,331,374,373ā੠ĀE,131,
132, 175,174,331,332,375,374ā䖛ᣛᅮ㡖⚍ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ⫼ĀEGEN,3,1,1āᣝࠡ1Ͼऩ‫ⱘܗ‬
㡖⚍䖲᥹ḋᓣˈᕾ⦃3⃵⫳៤2Ͼऩ‫⃵↣ˈܗ‬ऩ‫ⱘܗ‬㡖⚍ো๲䞣Ў1DŽ⫼ĀE,134,135,155,177,
334,335, 355,377ā䖛ᣛᅮ㡖⚍ᅮНऩ‫ˈܗ‬ᕫࠄབ೒12.24᠔⼎ⱘ᳔໪ջᎺ䴶ϔ߫ऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ

470
 ㄀ゴሖড়ᵓ੠ᮁ㺖࡯ᄺ

೒12.24 ৿㺖㒍ᵓ1/4῵ൟᭈԧऩ‫ܗ‬Ꮧ㕂

⫼ĀTYPE,2āᬍবऩ‫ܗ‬Ў㄀2㉏ऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟDŽ⫼ĀEMODIF,1āᇚऩ‫ܗ‬Ң㄀1⾡㉏ൟᬍব
Ў㄀2⾡㉏ൟˈ⫼Ā*REPEAT,8,1ā䞡໡ᠻ㸠8⃵ᬍবऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟⱘ᪡԰ˈᇚऩ‫ܗ‬1ࠄऩ‫ܗ‬8ᬍ
বЎ㄀2⾡ऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟDŽ᳔ৢ⫼ĀNUMMRG,NODEāড়ᑊ䞡ড়㡖⚍ˈ䖭ḋህৃҹᇚതᷛॳ⚍
ⱘ⚍ড়ᑊЎϔϾ㡖⚍DŽ
(5) Շ࿌สྭၟ೯d
⫼ĀNSEL,S,LOC,X,0ā੠ĀNSEL,R,LOC,Y,0āੑҸ䗝ᢽX=0ˈY=0ⱘ㡖⚍DŽ⫼ĀCM,
CRACKTIP, NODEāᅮНࣙ৿㺖㒍ᇪッ㡖⚍ⱘ㡖⚍㒘ӊCRACKTIPDŽ
⫼ĀFRACT,2āᠻ㸠䕀ᤶ㺖㒍ᇪッऩ‫ⱘܗ‬ᅣ⿟ᑣˈ㉏ൟ2ᰃSOLID45ऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ⫼䕧ߎ䆒㕂
ੑҸĀOUTPR,VENG,ALLāֱᄬᑨব㛑ˈҹ֓Ѣ䅵ㅫJ⿃ߚDŽ
⫼㡖⚍䗝ᢽੑҸĀNSEL,S,LOC,X,25.4ā䗝ᢽX=25.4mmԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍ˈ⫼ĀDSYM,
SYMM, XāᇍX = 25.4mmⱘ㡖⚍ᮑࡴ݇ѢX˄YZᑇ䴶˅ⱘᇍ⿄ԡ⿏ᴵӊDŽ
⫼ĀNSEL,S,LOC,X,0,101.6ā䗝ᢽX=101.6mmԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍ˈ⫼ĀNSEL,R,LOC,Y,0ā㒻
㓁䗝ᢽY=0ԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍DŽ⫼ĀDSYM,SYMM,YāᇍX=101.6mmˈY=0ԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍ᮑࡴ݇ѢY
˄XZᑇ䴶˅ⱘᇍ⿄ԡ⿏ᴵӊDŽ
⫼ĀNSEL,ALLā䗝ᢽ᠔᳝㡖⚍DŽ⫼ԡ⿏㑺ᴳੑҸĀD,ALL,UZāԡ⿏㑺ᴳ᠔᳝㡖⚍ⱘ
Zᮍ৥㞾⬅ᑺUZˈҹᅲ⦄ᑇ䴶ᑨব⢊ᗕDŽ
⫼ĀNSEL,S,LOC,Y, 127ā䗝ᢽY=127mmⱘԡ㕂ഛࣔᢝᑨ࡯㡖⚍ˈ⫼㸼䴶㥋䕑ᅮНੑ
ҸĀSF,ALL,PRES,0.0038902ā೼㹿䗝Ёⱘ㡖⚍Ϟᮑࡴഛࣔᢝᑨ࡯3890.2 PaDŽℸᯊⱘ᳝䰤
‫ܗ‬῵ൟব៤བ೒12.25᠔⼎ⱘḋᄤDŽ೼Ꮊջᇍ⿄៾䴶Ϟ᳝Ꮊেᇍ⿄ⱘԡ⿏㑺ᴳˈᑩ䚼៾ᓔⱘ
៾䴶Ϟ᳝Ϟϟᇍ⿄ⱘԡ⿏㑺ᴳDŽ᠔᳝㡖⚍ⱘZ৥ԡ⿏䛑㹿೎ᅮˈϞ㸼䴶᳝㸼䴶ᢝᑨ࡯԰⫼DŽ
(6) ၽௐࠓ੦ࣖࢗಳௐࠓd
(7) ၽ‫҉܊‬स੦ࣖᄯēՇ࿌াࡅ‫ޙ܊‬സ࿫ॏஜէ࿙ᆐd
⫼Ā/POST1ā䖯ܹৢ໘⧚῵ഫৢˈ⫼ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬㸼ੑҸĀETABLE,SENE,SENEā⫼ऩ‫ܗ‬
ᑨব㛑ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬㸼SENEˈ⫼ĀETABLE,VOLU,VOLUā⫼ऩ‫ܗ‬ԧ⿃ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬㸼SENEDŽ

471
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

೒12.25 ৿㺖㒍ᵓ1/4῵ൟϞⱘԡ⿏㑺ᴳ੠㥋䕑

ੑ Ҹ Ā PATH,KI1,3,,48 ā ⫼ 3 Ͼ 㡖 ⚍ ᅮ Н 䏃 ᕘ KI1 ˈ ᭈ Ͼ 䏃 ᕘ ݅ ߦ ߚ Ў 48 ↉ DŽ ⫼
ĀPPATH,1,1āᅮН䏃ᕘϞⱘ㄀1Ͼ㡖⚍˖1ো㡖⚍˗⫼ĀPPATH,2,406āᅮН䏃ᕘϞⱘ㄀2Ͼ
㡖⚍˖406ো㡖⚍˗⫼ĀPPATH,3,162āᅮН䏃ᕘϞⱘ㄀3Ͼ㡖⚍˖162ো㡖⚍DŽ
⫼ĀKCALC,,,1āੑҸ䅵ㅫ‫݋‬᳝ᇍ⿄䖍⬠ⱘϔ㠀῵ൟⱘᑨ࡯ᔎᑺ಴ᄤKIˈ㋏㒳ᦤ⼎䅵
ㅫ 㒧 ᵰ བ ೒ 12.26 ᠔ ⼎ ˈ 䅵 ㅫ 㒭 ߎ ⱘ ᑨ ࡯ ᔎ ᑺ ಴ ᄤ 㒧 ᵰ ᰃ 0.0369 DŽ ⫼ Ā *GET,KI1,
KCALC, ,K,1āᦤপᑨ࡯ᔎᑺ಴ᄤ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰˈֱᄬࠄব䞣KI1DŽ

೒12.26 ഛᏗᢝ࡯԰⫼ϟ৿㺖㒍ᵓ䅵ㅫ῵ൟ

(8) Շ࿌෻юJ‫ޙדݲ‬സԅ‫܁‬ё༝JIN1d
⫼Ā*CREATE,JIN1āᅮНᅣ⿟ᑣˈĀ*ENDā㸼⼎ᅣ⿟ᑣᅮН㒧ᴳDŽ
(9) ၽ‫҉܊‬स੦ࣖဈJ‫דݲ‬௲Շ࿫ॏஜէ࿙ᆐKId
㸼䖒ᓣĀ CON1=207E3/(1(0.3*0.3))āᰃҢJ ⿃ߚࠄᑨ࡯ᔎᑺ಴ᄤ KI ⱘ䕀ᤶ݇㋏DŽ
Ā*ULIB,JIN1āੑҸᰃᇚᅣ⿟ᑣ᭛ӊJIN1ᣛᅮЎ⫼᠋᭛ӊDŽĀ*USE,STINFC,4,45,125,164ā

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 ㄀ゴሖড়ᵓ੠ᮁ㺖࡯ᄺ

ੑҸ䗮䖛Փ⫼᭄᥂ഫSTINFCˈ㒭ᅮ䏃ᕘϞⱘ㡖⚍DŽ㸼䖒ᓣĀKI2=SQRT(CON1*JINT)āҢJ
⿃ߚؐ䅵ㅫᑨ࡯ᔎᑺ಴ᄤKIDŽੑҸĀ*STATUS,KI1ā੠Ā*STATUS,KI2āߚ߿ᰒ⼎ᑨ࡯ᔎ
ᑺ಴ᄤⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰKI1੠KI2˄བ೒12.27-೒12.28᠔⼎˅DŽ೒Ёᰒ⼎KI1=0.0369ˈKI2=0.0363DŽ

೒12.27 ഛᏗᢝ࡯԰⫼ϟ৿㺖㒍ᵓ䅵ㅫ῵ൟ

೒12.28 ഛᏗᢝ࡯԰⫼ϟ৿㺖㒍ᵓ䅵ㅫ῵ൟ

(10) Շ࿌೴ᆦēߜࠒ‫ͬڴ‬ӉӾუ໔೴ᆦd
(11) ‫؟‬ဈPLANE82Ӧ၍ᄷ໭‫ޙ‬സd
⫼ऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟᅮНੑҸĀET,1,PLANE82,,,2āᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬ᰃѠ㓈೎ԧऩ‫ܗ‬PLANE82
ⱘᑇ䴶ᑨব㉏ൟDŽ
(12) Շ࿌‫ߏڑ‬Ԥۤຬēճыสྭඨߑ‫דܣੋߜ܊‬นੋӦ၍d
䗮䖛ᇍ䖍㓬݇䬂⚍ǃ㒓ⱘᅮН੠Ⳍᑨⱘऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬ሎᇌᅮНˈԡ⿏㑺ᴳㄝDŽ᳔㒜䗮䖛䴶
ऩ‫ܗ‬㔥ḐߦߚੑҸAmeshᕫࠄབ೒12.29᠔⼎ⱘऩ‫ܗ‬㔥ḐDŽ

೒12.29 ߽⫼㞾⬅㔥Ḑᕫࠄ৿㺖㒍ᵓ1/4᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟ

473
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

(13) ࠩదௐࠓ੦ࣖௐࠓd
(14) ၽ‫҉܊‬स੦ࣖມವ‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ڴ‬d
೼ৢ໘⧚῵ഫЁˈ߽⫼੠ℹ偸˄7˅㉏Ԑⱘᮍ⊩ˈᕫࠄ⫼KCALੑҸ䅵ㅫߎⱘᑨ࡯ᔎᑺ
಴ᄤ˄བ೒12.30᠔⼎˅DŽ೒Ёᰒ⼎ˈ⫼Ѡ㓈PLANE82ऩ‫ܗ‬䅵ㅫߎKI1=0.0368DŽ

೒12.30 ഛᏗᢝ࡯԰⫼ϟ৿㺖㒍ᵓ䅵ㅫ῵ൟ

(15) ဎJ‫דݲ‬௲Շ࿫ॏஜէ࿙ᆐKId
⫼ĀCSYS,1āߛᤶࠄ᷅തᷛ㋏ৢˈ⫼㡖⚍䗝ᢽੑҸᦤপࠄ㺖㒍䰘䖥ⱘ㡖⚍㓪োNOD4ˈ
NOD5ˈNOD6੠NOD7DŽ᳔ ৢ ⫼Ā*USE,STINFC,NOD4,NOD5,NOD6,NOD7ā⫼᭄᥂ഫ
STINFCᑊᣛᅮ䏃ᕘϞⱘ㡖⚍DŽ߽⫼੠ℹ偸˄9˅Ⳍৠⱘᮍ⊩ˈᕫࠄ⫼Ā*STATUS,KI1”੠
Ā*STATUS,KI2āᰒ⼎ⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰKI1੠KI2˄བ೒12.31-೒12.32᠔⼎˅DŽ೒Ёᰒ⼎⫼Ѡ㓈
PLANE82ऩ‫ܗ‬䅵ㅫⱘᑨ࡯ᔎᑺ಴ᄤKI1=0.0368ˈKI2=0.0367DŽ

೒12.31 ഛᏗᢝ࡯԰⫼ϟ৿㺖㒍ᵓ䅵ㅫ῵ൟ

೒12.32 ഛᏗᢝ࡯԰⫼ϟ৿㺖㒍ᵓ䅵ㅫ῵ൟ

(16) Շ࿌೴ᆦēߜࠒ‫ͬڴ‬ӉӾუ໔೴ᆦd

474
 ㄀ゴሖড়ᵓ੠ᮁ㺖࡯ᄺ

(17) Ҷ೴࡬࣏ำߑᄯ‫ޙ؏݋‬സࠒ‫܊ڴ‬,ߜୣ೛ѻӾࠒ‫ڴ‬ำߑEX12_2d

2ˊANSYS⿟ᑣ
! (1) ᅮНᇚѠ㓈SOLID45῵ൟ䗮䖛⏏ࡴ1/4ԡ㕂ⱘЁ䯈㡖⚍䕀࣪៤SOLID95㺖㒍ᇪッऩ‫ⱘܗ‬ᅣ⿟ᑣ
*CREATE,FRACT,MAC
! MACRO TO CREATE 3D SOLID95 CRACK TIP ELEMENTS FROM 3D SOLID45 ELEMENTS
! MAKE A COMPONENT CONTAINING THE CRACK TIP NODES (CRACKTIP)
! THE CRACK TIP IS BETWEEN NODES K AND O
! SET ELEMENT TYPE TO POINT TO SOLID95
! SET ARG1 TO N (THE TYPE OF THE ELEMENTS AROUND THE CRACK TIP)
/NOPR ! ݇䯁ᦤ⼎ড作
NSEL,ALL ! 䗝ᢽ᠔᳝㡖⚍
*GET,N,NODE,,NUM,MAX ! ᦤপ᳔໻ⱘ㡖⚍ো,ᄬܹব䞣N
CMSEL,S,CRACKTIP ! 䗝ᢽ㺖㒍ᇪッ㡖⚍
ESLN ! 䗝ᢽϢ㡖⚍Ⳍ䖲᥹ⱘऩ‫ܗ‬
*GET,ELMAX,ELEM,,NUM,MAX ! ᦤপ᳔໻ⱘऩ‫ܗ‬ো,ᄬܹব䞣ELMAX
*DO,IEL,1,ELMAX ! ᇍ᠔᳝ऩ‫ܗ‬ᕾ⦃
ELMI=IEL ! ᇚᕾ⦃ব䞣IEL䌟ؐ㒭ELMI
*IF,ELMI,LE,0,EXIT ! བᵰ≵᳝ऩ‫(ܗ‬ELMI<=0)ᯊ,䗔ߎᕾ⦃
*GET,ELTYPE,ELEM,ELMI,ATTR,TYPE ! ᦤপऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟ
*IF,ELTYPE,NE,ARG1,CYCLE ! Ẕᶹ䗝Ёⱘऩ‫ܗ‬
N3 = NELEM(ELMI,3) ! ᦤপ㡖⚍3 (K)
*IF,NSEL(N3),LE,0,CYCLE ! བᵰᅗᏆ㒣㹿䗝Ё
N7 = NELEM(ELMI,7) ! ᦤপ㡖⚍7 (L)
*IF,NSEL(N7),LE,0,CYCLE ! བᵰᅗᏆ㒣㹿䗝Ё
N1 = NELEM(ELMI,1) ! ᦤপ㡖⚍1 (I)
N2 = NELEM(ELMI,2) ! ᦤপ㡖⚍2 (J)
N5 = NELEM(ELMI,5) ! ᦤপ㡖⚍5 (M)
N6 = NELEM(ELMI,6) ! ᦤপ㡖⚍6 (N)
X3 = 0.75*NX(N3) ! 䗝ᢽ೼N3ⱘ3/4ԡ㕂
Y3 = 0.75*NY(N3)
Z3 = 0.75*NZ(N3)
X = 0.25*NX(N2) + X3 ! 1/4ԡ㕂(㡖⚍ (R))
Y = 0.25*NY(N2) + Y3
Z = 0.25*NZ(N2) + Z3
N = N + 1 ! ㌃ࡴࠄϟϔϾ㡖⚍
N10 = N
N,N10,X,Y,Z ! Ё⚍ԡ㕂
X = 0.25*NX(N1) + X3
Y = 0.25*NY(N1) + Y3
Z = 0.25*NZ(N1) + Z3
N = N + 1
N12= N

475
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

N,N12,X,Y,Z
X7 = 0.75*NX(N7)
Y7 = 0.75*NY(N7)
Z7 = 0.75*NZ(N7)
X = 0.25*NX(N6) + X7
Y = 0.25*NY(N6) + Y7
Z = 0.25*NZ(N6) + Z7
N = N + 1
N14 = N
N,N14,X,Y,Z
X = 0.25*NX(N5) + X7
Y = 0.25*NY(N5) + Y7
Z = 0.25*NZ(N5) + Z7
N = N + 1
N16 = N
N,N16,X,Y,Z
N4=N3
N8=N7
NSEL,ALL ! 䗝ᢽ᠔᳝㡖⚍
TYPE,3 ! ߛᤶЎ3োऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟ
EN,ELMI,N1,N2,N3,N4,N5,N6,N7,N8 ! 䞡ᮄᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬
EMORE,0,N10,0,N12,0,N14,0,N16
EMORE,
*ENDDO ! 㒧ᴳᇍऩ‫ⱘܗ‬ᕾ⦃
CMSEL,U,CRACKTIP ! প⍜䗝ᢽ㺖㒍ᇪッ㡖⚍
NUMMRG,NODE ! ড়ᑊЁ䯈㡖⚍
NSEL,ALL ! 䗝ᢽ᠔᳝㡖⚍
ESEL,ALL ! 䗝ᢽ᠔᳝ऩ‫ܗ‬
/GOPR ! ᠧᓔᦤ⼎ড作
*END ! ᅣ⿟ᑣFRACT.MACᅮН㒧ᴳ
! (2) ೼ࠡ໘⧚῵ഫ䆒㕂Ꮉ⿟䗝乍ǃߚᵤ㉏ൟǃऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟ੠ᴤ᭭খ᭄
FINISH ! 䗔ߎҹࠡ῵ഫ
/CLEAR,NOSTART ! ೼ᓔྟ∖㾷ࠡ,⏙䰸᭄᥂,ϡࡴ䕑߱ྟ࣪᭛ӊ!
/FILENAME,EX12.2
/PREP7 ! ࡴ䕑ࠡ໘⧚῵ഫ
SMRT,OFF ! ݇䯁ᱎ㛑࣪㔥Ḑࡳ㛑
/TITLE, EX12.2, STRESS INTENSITY - CRACK IN FINITE WIDTH PLATE(SOLID95)
C*** BROWN AND SRAWLEY, ASTM SPECIAL TECHNICAL PUBLICATION NO. 410.
/COM, ****** CRACK IN 3-DIMENSIONS USING SOLID45 AND SOLID95
ANTYPE,STATIC ! ᅮНߚᵤ㉏ൟЎ䴭࡯ߚᵤ
ET,1,SOLID45 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬ᰃϝ㓈೎ԧऩ‫ܗ‬SOLID45
ET,2,SOLID45 ! ᅮН㄀2㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬ᰃSOLID45(⫼Ѣ㺖㒍ᇪッ਼ೈ)
ET,3,SOLID95 ! ᅮН㄀3㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬ᰃSOLID95(⫼ᅣ⿟ᑣFRACT⫳៤ⱘ㺖㒍ᇪッ਼ೈ)
MP,EX,1,207E3 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EX=207 MPa

476
 ㄀ゴሖড়ᵓ੠ᮁ㺖࡯ᄺ

MP,NUXY,1,0.3 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨NUXY=0.3
! (3) ೼᷅തᷛ㋏ϟᅮН㡖⚍
CSYS,1 ! ᇚതᷛ㋏ߛᤶࠄ᷅䴶തᷛ㋏
N,1 ! ೼തᷛॳ⚍(0,0)ᅮН㄀1ো㡖⚍
NGEN,9,20,1 ! ᕾ⦃9⃵,↣⃵㡖⚍ো๲䞣20,ᣝ㡖⚍1ⱘԡ㕂ϡব,⫳៤㡖⚍
N,11,20.32 ! ೼തᷛॳ⚍(20.32mm,0)ᅮН㄀11ো㡖⚍
N,171,20.32,180 ! ೼തᷛॳ⚍(20.32mm,180ᑺ)ᅮН㄀171ো㡖⚍
FILL,11,171,7,31,20 ! ೼11ࠄ171㡖⚍䯈฿‫ܙ‬7Ͼ㡖⚍,Ң31ো㡖⚍ᓔྟ,๲䞣Ў20
CSYS,0 ! ᇚതᷛ㋏ߛᤶࠄⳈ㾦തᷛ㋏
FILL,1,11,9,2,1,9,20,3 ! ೼1ো㡖⚍ࠄ11ো㡖⚍П䯈฿‫ܙ‬9Ͼ㡖⚍,Ң2ো㡖⚍ᓔྟ,๲䞣Ў1.
ᇚ䆹฿‫ܙ‬᪡԰‫ݡ‬ᕾ⦃9⃵,↣⃵᠔᳝㡖⚍ো๲䞣Ў20,㡖⚍П䯈ⱘ䯈䱨↨՟Ў3
N,15,101.6 ! ೼തᷛ(101.6mm,0)ᅮН㄀15ো㡖⚍
N,75,101.6,127 ! ೼തᷛ(101.6mm,127mm)ᅮН㄀75ো㡖⚍
FILL,15,75,2,35,20 ! ೼15োࠄ75ো㡖⚍П䯈฿‫ܙ‬2Ͼ㡖⚍,Ң35ো㡖⚍ᓔྟ,㡖⚍ো๲䞣Ў20
N,155,-25.4,127 ! ೼തᷛ(-25.4mm,127mm)ᅮН㄀75ো㡖⚍
FILL,75,155,3,95,20 ! ೼75োࠄ155োП䯈฿‫ܙ‬3Ͼ㡖⚍,Ң95ো㡖⚍ᓔྟ,๲䞣Ў20
N,172,-25.4 ! ೼തᷛ(-25.4mm,0)ᅮН㄀172ো㡖⚍
FILL,155,172,5,177,-1,,,0.15 ! ೼155োࠄ172ো㡖⚍П䯈฿‫ܙ‬5Ͼ㡖⚍,Ң177ো㡖⚍ᓔ
ྟ,㡖⚍ো๲䞣Ў-1,㡖⚍П䯈ⱘ䯈䱨↨՟Ў0.15
FILL,11,15,3,,,7,20,3 ! ೼11োࠄ15ো㡖⚍П䯈฿‫ܙ‬3Ͼ㡖⚍,ᕾ⦃ᠻ㸠䆹฿‫ܙ‬᪡԰7
⃵,↣⃵㡖⚍ো๲䞣Ў20,㡖⚍П䯈ⱘ䯈䱨↨՟Ў3
NGEN,2,200,1,177,,,,6.35 ! ᕾ⦃2⃵,↣⃵㡖⚍ো๲䞣Ў200,ᇚҢ1ࠄ177ো㡖⚍,Zത
ᷛ๲䞣Ў6.35mm
! (4) ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬䖲᥹
/View,1,1,1,1 ! ㄝ䕈⌟㾚⚍
/PNUM,NODE,1 ! ᠧᓔ㡖⚍㓪োᰒ⼎
E,2,22,1,1,202,222,201,201 ! 䖛ᣛᅮ㡖⚍ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬
EGEN,8,20,-1 ! ᣝࠡ1Ͼऩ‫ⱘܗ‬㡖⚍䖲᥹ḋᓣ,ᕾ⦃8⃵⫳៤7Ͼऩ‫ܗ‬,↣⃵ऩ‫ⱘܗ‬㡖⚍ো๲䞣Ў20
E,2,3,23,22,202,203,223,222 ! 䖛ᣛᅮ㡖⚍ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬
EGEN,8,20,-1 ! ᣝࠡ1Ͼऩ‫ⱘܗ‬㡖⚍䖲᥹ḋᓣ,ᕾ⦃8⃵⫳៤7Ͼऩ‫ܗ‬,↣⃵ऩ‫ⱘܗ‬㡖⚍ো๲䞣Ў20
EGEN,9,1,-8 ! ᣝࠡ8Ͼऩ‫ⱘܗ‬㡖⚍䖲᥹ḋᓣ,ᕾ⦃9⃵⫳៤64Ͼऩ‫ܗ‬,↣⃵ऩ‫ⱘܗ‬㡖⚍ো๲䞣Ў1
EGEN,5,1,73,78 ! ᣝ73ࠄ78োऩ‫ⱘܗ‬㡖⚍䖲᥹ḋᓣ,ᕾ⦃5⃵⫳៤24Ͼऩ‫ܗ‬,↣⃵ऩ‫ⱘܗ‬㡖⚍ো๲
䞣Ў1
E,171,151,173,172,371,351,373,372 ! 䖛ᣛᅮ㡖⚍ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬
E,151,131,174,173,351,331,374,373 ! 䖛ᣛᅮ㡖⚍ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬
E,131,132,175,174,331,332,375,374 ! 䖛ᣛᅮ㡖⚍ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬
EGEN,3,1,-1 ! ᣝࠡ1Ͼऩ‫ⱘܗ‬㡖⚍䖲᥹ḋᓣ,ᕾ⦃3⃵⫳៤2Ͼऩ‫ܗ‬,↣⃵ऩ‫ⱘܗ‬㡖⚍ো๲䞣Ў1
E,134,135,155,177,334,335,355,377 ! 䖛ᣛᅮ㡖⚍ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬
TYPE,2 ! ᬍবЎ㄀2㉏ऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟ
EMODIF,1 ! ᇚऩ‫ܗ‬Ң㄀1⾡㉏ൟᬍবЎ㄀2⾡㉏ൟ
*REPEAT,8,1 ! 䞡໡ᠻ㸠8⃵ᬍবऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟⱘ᪡԰,ᇚऩ‫ܗ‬1ࠄऩ‫ܗ‬8䆹বЎ㄀2⾡ऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟ
NUMMRG,NODE ! ড়ᑊ䞡ড়㡖⚍
! (5) ᅮНԡ⿏㑺ᴳ
NSEL,S,LOC,X,0 ! 䗝ᢽX=0ⱘ㡖⚍

477
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

NSEL,R,LOC,Y,0 ! 㒻㓁䗝ᢽY=0ⱘ㡖⚍
CM,CRACKTIP,NODE ! ᅮНࣙ৿㺖㒍ᇪッ㡖⚍ⱘ㡖⚍㒘ӊCRACKTIP
/NERR,0 ! ݇䯁䫭䇃੠䄺ਞᦤ⼎,Џ㽕ᰃЎњ݇䯁Ё䯈㡖⚍ⱘ䄺ਞֵᙃ
FRACT,2 ! ᠻ㸠䕀ᤶ㺖㒍ᇪッऩ‫ⱘܗ‬ᅣ⿟ᑣ, ㉏ൟ2ᰃSOLID45ऩ‫ܗ‬
/NERR,DEFA ! ᠧᓔ䫭䇃੠䄺ਞᦤ⼎
/OUTPUT !
OUTPR,,ALL ! ֱᄬ᠔᳝㥋䕑ℹⱘ㒧ᵰ
OUTPR,VENG,ALL ! ֱᄬᑨব㛑,ҹ֓Ѣ䅵ㅫJ⿃ߚ
NSEL,S,LOC,X,-25.4 ! 䗝ᢽX=-25.4mmԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍
DSYM,SYMM,X ! ᇍX = -25.4mmⱘ㡖⚍ᮑࡴ݇ѢX˄YZᑇ䴶˅ⱘᇍ⿄ԡ⿏ᴵӊ
NSEL,S,LOC,X,0,101.6 ! 䗝ᢽX=101.6mmԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍
NSEL,R,LOC,Y,0 ! 㒻㓁䗝ᢽY=0ԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍
DSYM,SYMM,Y ! ᇍX=101.6mm,Y˙0ԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍ᮑࡴ݇ѢY˄XZᑇ䴶˅ⱘᇍ⿄ԡ⿏ᴵӊ
NSEL,ALL ! 䗝ᢽ᠔᳝㡖⚍
D,ALL,UZ ! ԡ⿏㑺ᴳ᠔᳝㡖⚍ⱘZᮍ৥㞾⬅ᑺUZ,ҹᅲ⦄ᑇ䴶ᑨব⢊ᗕ
NSEL,S,LOC,Y,127 ! 䗝ᢽY=127mmⱘԡ㕂ഛࣔᢝᑨ࡯㡖⚍
SF,ALL,PRES,-0.0038902 ! ᮑࡴഛࣔᢝᑨ࡯3890.2 Pa
NSEL,ALL ! 䗝ᢽ᠔᳝㡖⚍
ESEL,ALL ! 䗝ᢽ᠔᳝ऩ‫ܗ‬
/VIEW,1,0,0,1 ! 䗝ᢽࠡ㾚೒
EPLOT ! ೒ᔶᰒ⼎ऩ‫ܗ‬Ꮧ㕂
FINISH ! 䗔ߎࠡ໘⧚῵ഫ
! (6) ೼∖㾷῵ഫᓔྟ∖㾷
/OUTPUT,SCRATCH ! ᇚ䕧ߎ‫ݙ‬ᆍ䞡ᮄᅮ৥ࠄ᭛ӊSCRATCH
/SOLU ! 䖯ܹ∖㾷῵ഫ
SOLVE ! ᓔྟ∖㾷
FINISH ! 䗔ߎ∖㾷῵ഫ
/OUTPUT ! ݇䯁䞡ᮄᅮ৥᭛ӊ
! (7) ೼ৢ໘⧚῵ഫЁ,ᅮН䏃ᕘৢ䅵ㅫᑨ࡯ᔎᑺ಴ᄤ
/POST1 ! 䖯ܹৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
ETABLE,SENE,SENE ! ⫼ऩ‫ܗ‬ᑨব㛑ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬㸼SENE
ETABLE,VOLU,VOLU ! ⫼ऩ‫ܗ‬ԧ⿃ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬㸼SENE
C*** IN POST1 DETERMINE KI (STRESS INTENSITY FACTOR) USING KCALC ! **
PATH,KI1,3,,48 ! ⫼3Ͼ㡖⚍ᅮН䏃ᕘKI1,ᭈϾ䏃ᕘ݅ߦߚЎ48↉
PPATH,1,1 ! ᅮН䏃ᕘϞⱘ㄀1Ͼ㡖⚍:1ো㡖⚍
PPATH,2,406 ! ᅮН䏃ᕘϞⱘ㄀2Ͼ㡖⚍:406ো㡖⚍
PPATH,3,162 ! ᅮН䏃ᕘϞⱘ㄀3Ͼ㡖⚍:162ো㡖⚍
KCALC,,,1 ! 䅵ㅫ‫݋‬᳝ᇍ⿄䖍⬠ⱘϔ㠀῵ൟⱘᑨ࡯ᔎᑺ಴ᄤKI
*GET,KI1,KCALC,,K,1 ! ᦤপᑨ࡯ᔎᑺ಴ᄤ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ,ֱᄬࠄব䞣KI1
! (8) ᅮНᅠ៤J⿃ߚ䅵ㅫⱘᅣ⿟ᑣJIN1
! *********************************************************************
! ************************** J-INTEGRAL USER FILE ******************
! *******************************************************************
! ***NOTE:- IN GENERAL USAGE, THE USER FILE WOULD BE AVAILABLE IN THE

478
 ㄀ゴሖড়ᵓ੠ᮁ㺖࡯ᄺ

! LOCAL DIRECTORY RATHER THAN BEING CREATED IN THE INPUT

! *******************************************************************
*CREATE,JIN1
STINFC ! ᅮН᭄᥂ഫৡ⿄
SEXP,W,SENE,VOLU,1,-1 ! 䅵ㅫᑨব㛑ᆚᑺ
PATH,JINT,4,50,48 ! ⫼4Ͼ㡖⚍ᅮН䏃ᕘJINT,ৃҹᇚ50㒘᭄᥂᯴ᇘࠄ䏃ᕘϞ,↣Ͼ㡖⚍
П䯈,ߦߚЎ48↉
PPATH,1,ARG1 ! ⫼㡖⚍খ᭄ARG1ᅮН䏃ᕘ
PPATH,2,ARG2 ! ⫼㡖⚍খ᭄ARG2ᅮН䏃ᕘ
PPATH,3,ARG3 ! ⫼㡖⚍খ᭄ARG3ᅮН䏃ᕘ
PPATH,4,ARG4 ! ⫼㡖⚍খ᭄ARG4ᅮН䏃ᕘ
PDEF,W,ETAB,W ! ᇚᑨব㛑ᆚᑺᦦؐࠄ䏃ᕘϞ
PCALC,INTG,J,W,YG ! ݇ѢᭈԧതᷛY⿃ߚ㛑䞣
*GET,JA,PATH,,LAST,J ! ᦤপJ⿃ߚЁⱘ㄀1乍ⱘ᳔㒜ؐ
PDEF,CLEAR ! ⏙䰸ॳ᳝ⱘ䏃ᕘব䞣
PVECT,NORM,NX,NY,NZ ! ᅮН䏃ᕘϞ⊩㒓ⱘऩԡ༅䞣
PDEF,INTR,SX,SX ! ᇚᑨ࡯SX᯴ᇘࠄ䏃ᕘϞ
PDEF,INTR,SY,SY ! ᇚᑨ࡯SY᯴ᇘࠄ䏃ᕘϞ
PDEF,INTR,SXY,SXY ! ᇚᑨ࡯SXY᯴ᇘࠄ䏃ᕘϞ
PCALC,MULT,TX,SX,NX ! 䅵ㅫ TX
PCALC,MULT,C1,SXY,NY ! ݊ЁTX = SX*NX + SXY*NY
PCALC,ADD,TX,TX,C1
PCALC,MULT,TY,SXY,NX ! 䅵ㅫTY
PCALC,MULT,C1,SY,NY ! ݊ЁTY = SXY*NX + SY*NY
PCALC,ADD,TY,TY,C1
*GET,DX,PATH,,LAST,S ! ᦤপ䏃ᕘϞⱘℹ䭓Ў1%ⱘ䏃ᕘᘏ䭓ᑺ
DX=DX/100
PCALC,ADD,XG,XG,,,,-DX/2 ! ᇚ䏃ᕘҢ X 䕀ᤶЎ X-DX/2 (ᭈԧ X ᮍ৥)
PDEF,INTR,UX1,UX ! ᅮНX-DXᮍ৥ⱘUX
PDEF,INTR,UY1,UY ! ᅮНX-DXⱘUY
PCALC,ADD,XG,XG,,,,DX ! ᇚ䏃ᕘҢ X-DX/2 䕀ᤶЎ X+DX/2
PDEF,INTR,UX2,UX ! ᅮНX+DXᮍ৥ⱘUX
PDEF,INTR,UY2,UY ! ᅮНX+DXᮍ৥ⱘUY
PCALC,ADD,XG,XG,,,,-DX/2 ! ᇚ䏃ᕘ䕀ᤶಲॳᴹⱘԡ㕂
C=(1/DX)
PCALC,ADD,C1,UX2,UX1,C,-C ! 䅵ㅫᇐ᭄DUX/DX
PCALC,ADD,C2,UY2,UY1,C,-C ! 䅵ㅫᇐ᭄DUY/DX
PCALC,MULT,C1,TX,C1 ! ᅮН㹿⿃ߑ᭄Ў
PCALC,MULT,C2,TY,C2 ! = TX*DUX/DX + TY*DUY/DX
PCALC,ADD,C1,C1,C2
PCALC,INTG,J,C1,S ! ᔶ៤㄀2乍⿃ߚ(݇Ѣ䏃ᕘ䭓ᑺS)
*GET,JB,PATH,,LAST,J ! ᦤপJ⿃ߚЁⱘ㄀2乍ⱘ᳔㒜ؐ
JINT=2*(JA-JB) ! ᇚϸ乍Ⳍࡴ,ᑊЬҹ2ҹᕫࠄᭈϾ῵ൟⱘؐ
PDEF,CLEAR ! ⏙䰸䏃ᕘব䞣

479
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

*END ! ᅣ⿟ᑣᅮН㒧ᴳ
! (9) ೼ৢ໘⧚῵ഫ⫼J⿃ߚ⹂ᅮᑨ࡯ᔎᑺ಴ᄤKI
C**************** IN POST1 DETERMINE KI FROM J -INTEGRAL ! ***********************
CON1=207E3/(1-(0.3*0.3)) ! ҢJ⿃ߚࠄᑨ࡯ᔎᑺ಴ᄤKIⱘ䕀ᤶ݇㋏
*ULIB,JIN1 ! ᇚ᭛ӊJIN1ᣛᅮЎ⫼᠋᭛ӊ
*USE,STINFC,4,45,125,164 ! Փ⫼᭄᥂ഫSTINFC,ᑊ㒭ᅮ䏃ᕘϞⱘ㡖⚍
KI2=SQRT(CON1*JINT) ! ҢJ⿃ߚؐ䅵ㅫᑨ࡯ᔎᑺ಴ᄤKI
*STATUS,KI1 ! ᰒ⼎䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰKI1
*STATUS,KI2 ! ᰒ⼎䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰKI2
! (10) ᅮН᭄㒘,ᇚ㒧ᵰֱᄬࠄ䖭ѯ᭄㒘
*DIM,LABEL,CHAR,2,2 ! ᅮН2*2ⱘᄫヺൟ᭄㒘LABEL
*DIM,VALUE,,2,3 ! ᅮН2*3ⱘ᭄ؐൟ᭄㒘VALUE
LABEL(1,1) = 'BY DISP ','BY J-' ! 㒭᭄㒘LABELⱘ㄀1߫䌟ؐ
LABEL(1,2) = 'EXTRP ','INT' ! 㒭᭄㒘LABELⱘ㄀2߫䌟ؐ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,1),DATA,0.03561,0.03561 ! 㒭᭄㒘VALUEⱘ㄀1߫䌟⧚䆎ؐ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,2),DATA,KI1,KI2 ! 㒭᭄㒘VALUEⱘ㄀2߫䌟䅵ㅫؐ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,3),DATA,ABS(KI1/0.03561),ABS(KI2/0.03561) ! 㒭VALUE㄀3߫䌟↨ؐ
SAVE,TABLE_1 ! ֱᄬ᭄᥂ࠄ᭄᥂ᑧTABLE_1
FINISH ! 䗔ߎৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
! (11) ᬍ⫼PLANE82ऩ‫ܗ‬䞡ᮄ䅵ㅫ
/CLEAR, NOSTART ! ೼ᓔྟ㄀2䚼ߚ∖㾷ࠡ,⏙䰸᭄᥂,ϡࡴ䕑߱ྟ࣪᭛ӊ!
/FILENAME,EX12.2B
/PREP7 ! ࡴ䕑ࠡ໘⧚῵ഫ
SMRT,OFF ! ݇䯁ᱎ㛑࣪㔥Ḑࡳ㛑
/TITLE, EX12.2B, FRACTURE MECHANIC - CRACK IN A FINITE WIDTH PLATE(PLANE82)
/COM, ****** CRACK IN 2-DIMENSIONS USING 2-D PLANE82 ******
ET,1,PLANE82,,,2 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬ᰃѠ㓈೎ԧऩ‫ܗ‬PLANE82(ᑇ䴶ᑨব)
MP,EX,1,207E3 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EX=207 MPa
MP,NUXY,1,0.3 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨PRXY=0.3
! (12) ᅮН݇䬂⚍੠㒓ǃᇍ⿄ԡ⿏ᴵӊৢᇚ䴶ߦߚЎ䴶ऩ‫ܗ‬
K,1 ! ೼തᷛॳ⚍(0,0)ᅮН㄀1ো݇䬂⚍
K,2,101.5 ! ೼തᷛ(101.5mm,0)ᅮН㄀2ো㡖⚍
K,3,101.6,127 ! ೼തᷛ(101.5mm,127mm)ᅮН㄀3ো㡖⚍
K,4,-25.4,127 ! ೼തᷛ(25.4mm,127mm)ᅮН㄀4ো㡖⚍
K,5,-25.4 ! ೼തᷛ(-25.4mm,0)ᅮН㄀5ো㡖⚍
L,1,2 ! 䖛㡖⚍1,2ᅮНⳈ㒓
L,2,3 ! 䖛㡖⚍2,3ᅮНⳈ㒓
LESIZE,2,,,4 ! ᣛᅮ2ো㒓ߦߚऩ‫ߚܗ‬Ў4↉
L,3,4 ! 䖛㡖⚍1,2ᅮНⳈ㒓
LESIZE,3,,,4 ! ᣛᅮ3ো㒓ߦߚऩ‫ߚܗ‬Ў4↉
L,4,5, ! 䖛㡖⚍1,2ᅮНⳈ㒓
LESIZE,4,,,6,.2 ! ᣛᅮ4ো㒓ߦߚऩ‫ߚܗ‬Ў6↉,䯈䱨↨՟Ў0.2
L,5,1 ! 䖛㡖⚍1,2ᅮНⳈ㒓
ESIZE,,5 ! ᣛᅮऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬ᯊߚЎ4↉

480
 ㄀ゴሖড়ᵓ੠ᮁ㺖࡯ᄺ

KSCON,1,3.81,1,8 ! ᅮН㺖㒍ᇪッԡѢ1ো㡖⚍,ञᕘЎ3.81mm,⦃৥ߦߚЎ8ӑ
AL,1,2,3,4,5 ! 䖛㒓1,2,3,4੠5ᅮН䴶
DL,1,1,SYMM ! ᅮН1ো䴶Ϟⱘ1ো㒓ᇍ⿄ԡ⿏ᴵӊ
DL,4,1,SYMM ! ᅮН1ো䴶Ϟⱘ4ো㒓ᇍ⿄ԡ⿏ᴵӊ
SFL,3,PRES,-0.0038902 ! ᅮН3ো㒓Ϟⱘय़࡯㥋䕑3890.2 Pa
AMESH,1 ! ᇍ1ো䴶ᠻ㸠ऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬᪡԰
OUTPR,ALL ! 䕧ߎ᠔᳝㒧ᵰ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎࠡ໘⧚῵ഫ
! (13) 䖯ܹ∖㾷῵ഫ∖㾷
/OUTPUT,SCRATCH ! 䕧ߎ‫ݙ‬ᆍ䞡ᅮ৥ࠄ᭛ӊSCRATCG
/SOLU ! 䖯ܹ∖㾷῵ഫ
SOLVE ! ᓔྟ∖㾷
FINISH ! 䗔ߎ∖㾷῵ഫ
/OUTPUT ! ݇䯁䞡ᅮ৥
! (14) ೼ৢ໘⧚῵ഫᰒ⼎䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
/POST1 ! 䖯ܹৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
ETABLE,SENE,SENE ! ⫼ऩ‫ܗ‬ᑨব㛑ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬㸼SENE
ETABLE,VOLU,VOLU ! ⫼ऩ‫ܗ‬ԧ⿃ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬㸼SENE
C*** IN POST1 DETERMINE KI (STRESS INTENSITY FACTOR) USING KCALC ! **
NSEL,S,LOC,Y,0 ! 䗝ᢽY=0ⱘ㡖⚍
NSEL,R,LOC,X,0 ! 㒻㓁䗝ᢽX=0ⱘ㡖⚍
*GET,NOD1,NODE,,NUM,MIN ! ᦤপ᳔ᇣ㡖⚍ো,ᄬܹব䞣NOD1
NSEL,A,LOC,Y ! 䗝ᢽY=0ⱘ㡖⚍
NSEL,R,LOC,X,-0.127,-3.683 ! 㒻㓁䗝ᢽX=-0.127mmࠄ-3.683mmП䯈ⱘ㡖⚍
*GET,NOD2,NODE,,NUM,MIN ! ᦤপ䖭Ͼ㣗ೈ‫ⱘݙ‬᳔ᇣ㡖⚍ো,ᄬܹব䞣NOD2
NSEL,A,LOC,Y ! 䗝ᢽY=0ⱘ㡖⚍
NSEL,R,LOC,X,-3.683,-3.937 ! 㒻㓁䗝ᢽX=-3.683mmࠄ-3.937mmП䯈ⱘ㡖⚍
*GET,NOD3,NODE,,NUM,MIN ! ᦤপ䖭Ͼ㣗ೈ‫ⱘݙ‬᳔ᇣ㡖⚍ো,ᄬܹব䞣NOD3
NSEL,ALL ! 䗝ᢽ᠔᳝㡖⚍
PATH,KI2,3,,48 ! ⫼3Ͼ㡖⚍ᅮН䏃ᕘKI2,ᭈϾ䏃ᕘߦߚЎ48↉
PPATH,1,NOD1 ! ᅮН䏃ᕘϞⱘ㄀1Ͼ㡖⚍:NOD1
PPATH,2,NOD2 ! ᅮН䏃ᕘϞⱘ㄀2Ͼ㡖⚍:NOD2
PPATH,3,NOD3 ! ᅮН䏃ᕘϞⱘ㄀3Ͼ㡖⚍:NOD3
KCALC,,,1 ! 䅵ㅫ‫݋‬᳝ᇍ⿄䖍⬠ⱘϔ㠀῵ൟⱘᑨ࡯ᔎᑺ಴ᄤKI
*GET,KI1,KCALC,,K,1 ! ᦤপᑨ࡯ᔎᑺ಴ᄤ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ,ֱᄬࠄব䞣KI1
! (15) ⬅J⿃ߚ⹂ᅮᑨ࡯ᔎᑺ಴ᄤKI
C**************** IN POST1 DETERMINE KI FROM J -INTEGRAL ! ***********************
CSYS,1 ! ߛᤶࠄ᷅തᷛ㋏
NSEL,S,LOC,X,12.7,20.32 ! 䗝ᢽX=12.7mmࠄ20.32mmП䯈ⱘ㡖⚍
NSEL,R,LOC,Y,-1,1 ! 㒻㓁䗝ᢽY=-1ᑺࠄ1ᑺП䯈ⱘ㡖⚍
*GET,NOD4,NODE,,NUM,MAX ! ᦤপ䖭Ͼ㣗ೈ‫ⱘݙ‬᳔໻㡖⚍ো,ᄬܹব䞣NOD4
NSEL,S,LOC,X,12.7,20.32 ! 䗝ᢽX=12.7mmࠄ20.32mmП䯈ⱘ㡖⚍
NSEL,R,LOC,Y,35,55 ! 㒻㓁䗝ᢽY=35ᑺࠄ55ᑺП䯈ⱘ㡖⚍
*GET,NOD5,NODE,,NUM,MAX ! ᦤপ䖭Ͼ㣗ೈ‫ⱘݙ‬᳔໻㡖⚍ো,ᄬܹব䞣NOD5

481
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

NSEL,S,LOC,X,12.7,20.32 ! 䗝ᢽX=12.7mmࠄ20.32mmП䯈ⱘ㡖⚍
NSEL,R,LOC,Y,120,145 ! 㒻㓁䗝ᢽY=120ᑺࠄ145ᑺП䯈ⱘ㡖⚍
*GET,NOD6,NODE,,NUM,MAX ! ᦤপ䖭Ͼ㣗ೈ‫ⱘݙ‬᳔໻㡖⚍ো,ᄬܹব䞣NOD6
NSEL,S,LOC,X,12.7,20.32 ! 䗝ᢽX=12.7mmࠄ20.32mmП䯈ⱘ㡖⚍
NSEL,R,LOC,Y,179,181 ! 㒻㓁䗝ᢽY=179ᑺࠄ181ᑺП䯈ⱘ㡖⚍
*GET,NOD7,NODE,,NUM,MIN ! ᦤপ䖭Ͼ㣗ೈ‫ⱘݙ‬᳔ᇣ㡖⚍ো,ᄬܹব䞣NOD7
NSEL,ALL ! 䗝ᢽ᠔᳝㡖⚍
CSYS,0 ! ߛᤶࠄᭈԧⳈ㾦തᷛ㋏
*USE,STINFC,NOD4,NOD5,NOD6,NOD7 ! ⫼᭄᥂ഫSTINFCᑊᣛᅮ䏃ᕘϞⱘ㡖⚍
CON1=207E3/(1-(0.3*0.3)) ! ҢJ⿃ߚࠄᑨ࡯ᔎᑺ಴ᄤKIⱘ䕀ᤶ݇㋏
KI2=SQRT(CON1*JINT) ! ҢJ⿃ߚؐ䅵ㅫᑨ࡯ᔎᑺ಴ᄤKI
*STATUS,KI1 ! ᰒ⼎䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰKI1
*STATUS,KI2 ! ᰒ⼎䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰKI2
! (16) ᅮН᭄㒘,ᇚ㒧ᵰֱᄬࠄ䖭ѯ᭄㒘
*DIM,LABEL,CHAR,2,2 ! ᅮН2*2ⱘᄫヺൟ᭄㒘LABEL
*DIM,VALUE,,2,3 ! ᅮН2*3ⱘ᭄ؐൟ᭄㒘VALUE
LABEL(1,1) = 'BY DISP ','BY J-' ! 㒭᭄㒘LABELⱘ㄀1߫䌟ؐ
LABEL(1,2) = 'EXTRP ','INT' ! 㒭᭄㒘LABELⱘ㄀2߫䌟ؐ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,1),DATA,0.03561,0.03561 ! 㒭᭄㒘VALUEⱘ㄀1߫䌟⧚䆎ؐ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,2),DATA,KI1,KI2 ! 㒭᭄㒘VALUEⱘ㄀2߫䌟䅵ㅫؐ
*VFILL,VALUE(1,3),DATA,ABS(KI1/0.03561),ABS(KI2/0.03561) ! 㒭VALUE㄀3߫䌟↨ؐ
SAVE,TABLE_2 ! ֱᄬ᭄᥂ࠄ᭄᥂ᑧTABLE_2
! (17) Ң᭄᥂ᑧ᭛ӊЁᘶ໡䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰৢ,ᇚ݊䕧ߎࠄ㒧ᵰ᭛ӊEX12_2
RESUME,TABLE_1 ! Ң᭄᥂ᑧ᭛ӊTABLE_1Ёᘶ໡᭄᥂
/COM
/OUT,EX12_2,out ! ᇚ䕧ߎ‫ݙ‬ᆍ䞡ᅮ৥ࠄ᭛ӊEX12_2
/COM,------------------- EX12.2 RESULTS COMPARISON --------------
/COM,
/COM, | TARGET | ANSYS | RATIO
/COM,
/COM,USING SOLID95 AND SOLID45 (3-D ANALYSIS)
*VWRITE,LABEL(1,1),LABEL(1,2),VALUE(1,1),VALUE(1,2),VALUE(1,3)
(1X,A8,A8,' ',F10.5,' ',F10.5,' ',1F5.3)
/NOPR
RESUME,TABLE_2 ! Ң᭄᥂ᑧ᭛ӊTABLE_2Ёᘶ໡᭄᥂
/GOPR
/COM,
/COM,USING PLANE82 (2-D ANALYSIS)
*VWRITE,LABEL(1,1),LABEL(1,2),VALUE(1,1),VALUE(1,2),VALUE(1,3)
(1X,A8,A8,' ',F10.5,' ',F10.5,' ',1F5.3)
/COM,-----------------------------------------------------------
/OUT
FINISH ! 䗔ߎҹࠡ῵ഫ
*LIST,EX12_2,out ! ߫㸼ᰒ⼎᭛ӊEX12_2ⱘ‫ݙ‬ᆍ

482
 ㄀ゴሖড়ᵓ੠ᮁ㺖࡯ᄺ

3ˊ㒧ᵰ䅼䆎

߽⫼Ϟ䴶⿟ᑣ䅵ㅫᕫࠄབ㸼12.2᠔⼎ⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰˈ੠⧚䆎㒧ᵰⳌ↨ˈ䛑᳝䕗໻ⱘ‫أ‬ᏂDŽ
䇈ᯢ߽⫼ᐌ㾘ऩ‫ܗ‬䖯㸠ᮁ㺖খ䞣ⱘ䅵ㅫˈ䳔㽕᳈໻ⱘ䅵ㅫ䞣ᠡৃҹ㦋ᕫ䕗Ў⒵ᛣⱘ㒧ᵰ
㊒ᑺDŽ
 3/2
ᣝ✻ᑨ࡯ᔎᑺ಴ᄤⱘऩԡNgm ˈখ㗗᭛⤂Ёⱘ㊒⹂ؐᑨ䆹Ў˖
1.0249/bgin 3/2 =1126 Ngm 3/2=0.03561 Ngmm 3/2
-3/2
㸼12.2 ⫼ϡৠⱘѠ㓈ऩ‫ܗ‬੠ϝ㓈ऩ‫ܗ‬䅵ㅫ৿㺖㒍ᵓⱘ㺖ᇪᑨ࡯ᔎᑺ಴ᄤKI (Ngmm )
⫼SOLID95੠ SOLID45 (3-D ߚᵤ)䅵ㅫ ㊒ ⹂ ؐ ANSYSؐ ↨ ؐ
⫼ԡ⿏ᦦؐᮍ⊩KCALCੑҸ䅵ㅫ໘ⱘ KI1 0.0356 0.0369 1.037
⫼J⿃ߚᮍ⊩䅵ㅫߎⱘKI2 0.0356 0.0363 1.020
⫼PLANE82 (2-D ߚᵤ)䅵ㅫ ㊒⹂ؐ ANSYSؐ ↨ؐ
⫼ԡ⿏ᦦؐᮍ⊩KCALCੑҸ䅵ㅫߎⱘ KI1 0.0356 0.0368 1.034
⫼J⿃ߚᮍ⊩䅵ㅫߎⱘKI2 0.0356 0.0367 1.031

483
 ㄀1ゴ ㅔऩᢝय़ᴚ㒧ᵘ

㄀㆛Ꮉ⿟ᑨ⫼㆛

せ』⩗$3'/Ⴭ⣟⾩䬣㒀ย㐂Ჳࣱ᪟ࡅ
ᐩὐ

13.1 K㋏߫⧗䴶㔥໇㒧ᵘ⡍⚍੠ᓎ῵

䖥ᑈᴹ䱣ⴔ໻䎼ᑺぎ䯈㒧ᵘⱘ䖙䗳থሩˈ݊ᑨ⫼㣗ೈ᮹Ⲟᠽ໻DŽぎ䯈㔥ᶊ੠㔥໇㒧ᵘ
‫݋‬᳝ফ࡯ᗻ㛑ড়⧚ˈᡓ䞡㒧ᵘϢᬃᩥԧ㋏ড়ϔˈᴤ᭭ᕫࠄ᳈ড়⧚ⱘ߽⫼ⱘӬ⚍ˈҢ㗠ᑓ⊯
ᑨ⫼Ѣԧ㚆ǃ⇥⫼੠໻ЁൟᎹϮᓎㄥЁˈ⡍߿ᰃ㔥໇㒧ᵘ‫݋‬᳝ᕜᔎⱘ⌏࡯੠᳈ᑓⱘᑨ⫼㣗
ೈDŽ೼໻䎼ᑺᓎㄥ㒧ᵘЁˈぎ䯈㔥໇ҹ݊⫼䩶䞣ᇥˈ䞡䞣䕏ˈ㒧ᵘড়⧚ˈ䗴ൟӬ㕢ˈ࡯ᄺ
ᗻ㛑དˈϨ⦄എᮑᎹᅝ㺙ᮍ֓ㄝ⡍⚍៤Ў໻䎼ᑺᓎㄥ㒧ᵘЁ‫݋‬᳝ᑓ䯨ⱘথሩࠡ᱃ⱘ㒧ᵘᔶ
ᓣПϔDŽ
䱣ⴔ䅵ㅫᴎᡔᴃⱘথሩˈ䅵ㅫᴎ䕙ࡽ䆒䅵Ꮖᑨ⫼ࠄぎ䯈㒧ᵘⱘӬ࣪䆒䅵Ёˈ೼Ӭ࣪䅵
ㅫ᮹Ⲟᅠ୘ⱘৠᯊˈ⬅Ѣ㔥໇㒧ᵘ೒ᔶ໡ᴖˈᴚӊঞ㡖⚍᭄䞣Ꮌ໻ˈ೼ᑨ⫼䅵ㅫᴎߚᵤ੠
ⷨお㔥໇㒧ᵘⱘ⡍ᗻᯊˈ䳔㽕䖯㸠໻䞣ⱘ᭄᥂ࠡ໘⧚Ꮉ԰DŽ䩜ᇍ໻䞣ぎ䯈㡖⚍ⱘԡ㕂੠ᴚ
ӊ䖲᥹ֵᙃˈ㞾ࡼ⫳៤ᦣ䗄㒧ᵘ㡖⚍ԡ㕂੠ऩ‫ܗ‬䖲᥹ֵᙃˈ㞾ࡼ⫳៤ᦣ䗄㒧ᵘ䖍⬠ᴵӊ੠
㥋䕑ֵᙃˈᇚ䆒䅵ҎਬҢ䖭ѯ⧤⹢ⱘ᭄᥂໘⧚Ё㾷㜅ߎᴹˈՓҪӀ᳝᳈໮ᯊ䯈໘⧚㔥໇㒧
ᵰⱘ䅵ㅫ੠䆒䅵ᮍḜׂᬍᎹ԰DŽ
ᴀゴ䗮䖛ᇍᎹ⿟Ёᐌ㾕ⱘK㋏߫⧗䴶㔥໇ˈ߽⫼ANSYS㞾ᏺⱘ㓪⿟䇁㿔APDL੠UIDLˈ
೼ANSYSᑇৄϞᅠ៤㔥໇㒧ᵘⱘখ᭄࣪ᖿ䗳ᓎ῵㋏㒳DŽᅲ⦄њK㋏߫㔥໇ⱘᖿ䗳খ᭄࣪ᓎ
῵ˈ䆒䅵Ҏਬ䗮䖛޴Ͼㅔऩⱘ᭄᥂᥻ࠊখ᭄ˈⳈ᥹⫳៤⧗䴶㔥໇῵ൟˈ೼ANSYS⦃๗ϟ䖯
㸠῵ൟⱘ䖯ϔℹ໘⧚੠∖㾷ߚᵤDŽ

13.1.1 K㋏߫⧗䴶㔥໇ⱘ⡍⚍
K㋏߫⧗䴶㔥໇⬅n˄n=6ˈ8ˈ12……˅ḍ䗮䭓ⱘᕘ৥ᴚ‫ܜ‬ᡞ⧗䴶ߚЎnϾᇍ⿄᠛ᔶऎ
ඳˈ⬅㒀৥ᴚ㋏੠᭰৥ᴚ㋏ᇚℸ᳆䴶ߦߚЎ໻ᇣࣔ⿄ⱘϝ㾦ᔶ㔥ḐDŽ‫݋‬᳝䕈ᇍ⿄ᗻདǃৠ
㒀ᑺⱘ㒀৥ᴚ੠᭰ᴚⱘ䭓ᑺⳌㄝˈ㔥Ḑ㉏ൟᇥǃ㾘ᕟᯢᰒǃ㔥Ḑ໻ᇣ䕗ഛࣔˈᴚӊ།㾦ড়
⧚ǃࠊ԰ᮍ֓ǃফ࡯ഛࣔㄝ㒧ᵘ⡍ᕕ੠Ӭ⚍ˈ䗖ড়໻ǃЁ䎼ᑺⱘき乊ᓎ䆒DŽ
⬅ѢK㋏߫⧗໇ⱘ㡖⚍ԡѢϔϾ⧗䴶ϞˈϨᴚӊ⬅᳔催⚍˄乊⚍˅ਜᬒᇘᔶⱘᴚӊϢ
⦃৥ᴚӊ䖲᥹㗠៤ˈ㡖⚍ԡ㕂ߚᏗ੠ᴚӊ䖲᥹ߚᏗ‫݋‬᳝ᕜᔎⱘ㾘ᕟᗻDŽ䰸њԡѢ乊䚼Ёᖗ
ⱘ㡖⚍໪ˈ݊Ҫ㡖⚍ձ⃵⦃৥ഛࣔߚᏗDŽ⫼⧗䴶തᷛ㸼⼎䖭ѯ㡖⚍ⱘⳌᇍԡ㕂ᯊˈ⫼ᅗӀ

484
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

ᇍᑨⱘ⦃৥੠ᕘ৥ϸϾㄝ㾦ᑺⱘ䯈䎱DŽᴚӊᏗ㕂ᔶᓣ⊓⦃৥ᕾ⦃ᇍ⿄DŽ↣Ͼᇍ⿄ऎ‫ˈݙ‬໪
೜㡖⚍᭄↨‫ݙ‬೜㡖⚍᭄໮ϔϾˈ⦃৥ᴚӊձ⃵Ⳍ䖲᥹ˈᕘ৥ᴚӊ⬅৘Ͼ‫ݙ‬ջ㡖⚍৥໪ջ㡖
⚍䕤ᇘⳌ䖲᥹DŽ
བ೒13.1᠔⼎ᰃK6㔥໇乊ሖሔ䚼ˈ乊⚍㓪োᰃ1ˈ݅6Ͼᕾ⦃ᇍ⿄ऎDŽ㄀1೜݅6Ͼ㡖⚍ˈ
㄀2೜বЎ6+6=12Ͼˈձ⃵㉏᥼ˈ㄀i೜᳝݅6+6hiϾ㡖⚍DŽ೼৘Ͼᕾ⦃ᇍ⿄ऎ‫ˈݙ‬ᴚӊҢ‫ݙ‬
೜㡖⚍ᓩ৥໪೜㡖⚍DŽ

13.1.2 ޴ԩᦣ䗄
᥻ࠊϔϾ⧗䴶㔥໇ⱘЏ㽕޴ԩখ᭄᳝˖⧗䴶ⱘ᳆⥛ञᕘRˈ䎼ᑺbDŽᏗ㕂খ᭄᳝˖ᴚӊ
Ꮧ㕂⊓⦃৥ᕾ⦃ᇍ⿄ߚᏗⱘᇍ⿄ऎඳϾ᭄Knǃ㡖⚍೜᭄NDŽᇍѢ↣ϔϾ㡖⚍៥Ӏ佪‫⹂ܜ‬ᅮ
њབ೒13.1Ёⱘ㓪ⷕ㾘߭ˈ᥹ϟᴹህৃҹ߽⫼᥻ࠊখ᭄⹂ᅮᅗӀⱘԡ㕂DŽ佪‫ˈܜ‬ḍ᥂䎼ᑺ
੠᳆⥛ञᕘ⹂ᅮ᳔໪೜㡖⚍᠔ᇍᑨⱘ⧗തᷛ㾦ᑺ¹0 ˄བ೒13.2᠔⼎˅DŽḍ᥂ㅔऩⱘ޴ԩ݇
㋏ˈৃҹᕫࠄ˖
⎛ b ⎞
¹0 = arctan ⎜ ⎟ (13.1)
⎜ 4R 2 − b 2 ⎟
⎝ ⎠

೒13.1 K6㔥໇㒧ᵘᏗ㕂⼎ᛣ೒ ೒13.2 ⧗໇㒧ᵘ޴ԩሎᇌ⼎ᛣ೒

13.1.3 ᴚӊ䖲᥹݇㋏
ḍ᥂৘Ͼߚऎⱘ⡍⚍ˈᴚӊᅮНгᰃ⬅ϸ䞡ᕾ⦃ᴹᅠ៤DŽᇍ↣ϔ೜ⱘ↣Ͼऎˈ佪‫ܜ‬ᇍ
⦃৥ᴚӊ㓪োˈ✊ৢᇍᕘ৥ᴚ㓪োDŽ

13.2 খ᭄࣪䆒䅵䇁㿔APDLҟ㒡
ANSYSখ᭄䆒䅵䇁㿔APDLЎ⫼᠋ᦤկњᅠ៤ᓎゟ῵ൟˈᮑࡴ㑺ᴳ੠㥋䕑ˈ∖㾷ҹঞ
ৢ໘⧚ⱘϔ㠀ੑҸП໪ˈৠᯊ䖬ᦤկњᇍ䖭ѯੑҸⱘᕾ⦃߸ᮁㄝ⌕⿟᥻ࠊࡳ㛑DŽAPDLЁⱘ

485
 ㄀ゴ⫼$3'/ᅲ⦄ぎ䯈㔥໇㒧ᵘখ᭄࣪ᓎ῵

খ᭄‫ܕ‬䆌䕧᭄ܹᄺ㸼䖒ᓣˈՓ⫼᠋ᅲ䰙Ϟᇍӏԩ䆒䅵៪ߚᵤሲᗻ᳝᥻ࠊᴗˈ՟བሎᇌˈᴤ
᭭ˈ䕑㥋ˈ㑺ᴳԡ㕂੠㔥ḐᆚᑺㄝDŽAPDLᠽሩњӴ㒳᳝䰤‫ߚܗ‬ᵤ㣗ೈП໪ⱘ㛑࡯ˈᑊᠽ‫ܙ‬
њ᳈催㑻䖤ㅫࣙᣀ♉ᬣᑺߚᵤˈ䳊ӊᑧখ᭄࣪ᓎ῵ˈ䆒䅵ׂᬍঞ䆒䅵Ӭ࣪ㄝㄝࡳ㛑ˈ䖭ѯ
ࡳ㛑䆌໮䛑ᰃ⫼APDL䇁㿔㓪ࠊⱘᅣ⿟ᑣᴹᅠ៤ⱘDŽAPDLⱘЏ㽕ࡳ㛑ৃḍ᥂䳔㽕ऩ⣀៪ৠ
ᯊՓ⫼DŽ

13.2.1 খ᭄੠㸼䖒ᓣ
APDL‫ܕ‬䆌⫼᠋䗮䖛ᣛᅮ៪⿟ᑣ䅵ㅫ㒭ব䞣˄খ᭄˅䌟ؐˈ೼ANSYS䖤㸠Ёⱘӏϔᯊ
ࠏ䛑㛑ᅮНখ᭄DŽ঺໪ˈৃᇚখ᭄ֱᄬ೼ϔϾ᭛ӊЁկҹৢⱘANSYS䖤㸠䖛⿟៪݊Ҫ䖤㸠
੠᡹ਞՓ⫼DŽখ᭄ᗻ㛑ᦤկњᇍ⿟ᑣ䖯㸠᥻ࠊ੠ㅔ᭄࣪᥂䕧ܹⱘ᳝ᬜᮍ⊩DŽ
খ᭄ৃҹᅮН៤ᐌ᭄ؐˈгৃҹ⫼খ᭄㸼䖒ᓣⱘᔧࠡؐᅮНˈ⫮㟇ৃҹᰃϔϾᄫヺІDŽ
՟བ˖⫼᠋ৃҹ⫼ੑҸPI=3.14159ᅮНখ᭄PIˈ䖭Ͼখ᭄ϔᮺᅮНৢˈӏԩੑҸⱘখ᭄ඳЁ
㢹Փ⫼PIˈᴀ⿟ᑣህӮ⫼3.14159᳓ҷDŽ
খ᭄ⱘৡ⿄ᖙ乏ᰃҹᄫ↡ᠧ༈ˈৃҹࣙ৿᭄ᄫ੠ϟߦ㒓ヺোˈԚ䭓ᑺϡ㛑䍙䖛8ϾᄫヺDŽ
ᑨ䙓‫ܡ‬Փ⫼ANSYSⱘᷛ䆄ヺো៪ੑҸ԰Ўব䞣ৡ⿄DŽ
ᅮНখ᭄ⱘখ᭄㸼䖒ᓣৃҹࣙᣀ‫݌‬ൟⱘㅫᴃ䖤ㅫ੠FORTRANߑ᭄ˈ՟བ˖⫼᠋ৃҹ
䗮䖛䅵ㅫϸϾሎᇌⱘᑇᮍḍ㦋ᕫ᠔䳔῵ൟⱘሎᇌˈབᵰ䖭ϸϾሎᇌᏆᅮН៤খ᭄X੠Yˈ⫼
᠋ৃҹ䕧ܹੑҸ˖
LENGTH=SQRT˄X**2+Y**2˅ (13.2)
ҹৢˈ᮴䆎೼⿟ᑣҔМഄᮍߎ⦄LENGTHˈ䛑ᇚ⫼Ϟ䴶᠔㸼⼎ⱘؐҷ᳓DŽ

13.2.2 ANSYSЁⱘ෎ᴀᣛҸ
԰Ўϔ⾡ᅣ䇁㿔ˈAPLDLⱘ໻䛑᭄ᣛҸ䛑ᰃANSYSⱘ῵ൟ᪡԰੠∖㾷ㄝੑҸDŽ᠔ҹ㽕
Փ⫼དANSYS ⱘѠ⃵ᓔথˈ佪‫ܜ‬ᑨ䆹❳ᙝདANSYS ⱘੑҸ㸠ੑҸDŽϟ䴶㒭ߎ᳔ᐌ⫼ⱘ
ANSYSੑҸ˖
(1) ĀFINISHāˉˉ䗔ߎҹࠡⱘ໘⧚῵ഫDŽ
(2) Ā/CLEAR,READāˉˉ⏙䰸‫ݙ‬ᄬЁⱘ᠔᭄᳝᥂DŽĀREADā䗝乍㸼⼎ᰃ৺䇏ܹ߱
ྟ࣪᭛ӊDŽ㔎ⳕ乍ĀSTARTā㸼⼎䇏ܹSTARTXX.ANS᭛ӊDŽĀNOSTARTā㸼⼎ϡ⫼䇏ܹ
STARTXX.ANS᭛ӊDŽ 䖭䞠ⱘ ĀXXā 㸼⼎ANSYSⱘ⠜ᴀোˈབANSYS5.7ህᰃĀ57āˈ
ANSYS7.0
ህᰃĀ70āDŽ
(3) Ā/PREP7āˉˉ䖯ܹࠡ໘⧚῵ഫDŽ
(4) ĀN, NODE, X, Y, Z, THXY, THYZ, THZXāˉˉᅮН㡖⚍ԡ㕂DŽNODEЎ㡖⚍ⱘ㓪
োDŽXˈYˈZߚ߿Ў㡖⚍ⱘതᷛ˄X,Y,Z˅ˈ݊ԭ3Ͼখ᭄㸼⼎㡖⚍ሔ䚼തᷛ㋏ⱘᮍ৥DŽ
(5) ĀE, I, J, K, L, M, N, O, Pāˉˉ䗮䖛㡖⚍ⱘ䖲᥹ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬DŽIЎ㄀1Ͼ㡖⚍ⱘ㓪োDŽ
J, K, L, M, N, O, Pߚ߿Ў㄀2Ͼ㡖⚍ࠄ㄀8Ͼ㡖⚍ⱘ㓪োDŽᇍѢᴚӊऩ‫ܗ‬া䳔㽕2Ͼ㡖⚍DŽ
(6) Ā/PNUM,LABEL,KEYāˉˉ᥻ࠊ೒Ёᅲԧⱘ㓪ো੠买㡆ᰃ৺ᰒ⼎DŽLABEL=

486
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

ĀNODEā㸼⼎㡖⚍㓪োˈLABEL=ĀELEMā㸼⼎ऩ‫ܗ‬㓪োˈ঺໪䖬᳝KPˈLINEˈAREAˈ
VOLUMEㄝㄝ䗝乍DŽKEY=0ϡᰒ⼎㓪োDŽKEY=1ᰒ⼎㓪োDŽ
(7) ĀNPLOT,KNUMāˉˉ೒ᔶᰒ⼎㡖⚍ԡ㕂DŽKNUM=0ᯊϡᰒ⼎㡖⚍㓪োˈKEY=1
ᯊᰒ⼎㡖⚍㓪োDŽ
(8) ĀET, ITYPE, ENAME, KOP1, KOP2, KOP3, KOP4, KOP5, KOP6, INOPRāˉˉᅮ
Нऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟDŽITYPEऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟোⷕˈབ㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬ITYPEؐЎ1˗㄀2㉏Ўऩ‫ܗ‬ITYPEؐЎ2DŽ
ENAMEЎऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟৡ⿄៪㗙㓪োˈ݊ԭ䗝乍ᰃऩ‫ⱘܗ‬খ᭄䗝乍DŽ
(9) ĀR, NSET, R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6āˉˉ⫼ᴹᅮН㄀NSET㉏ऩ‫ⱘܗ‬ᅲᐌ᭄DŽ䗮ᐌ
ᣛᴚӊⱘ៾䴶⿃ˈṕⱘᡫᔃ޴ԩখ᭄ˈ໇ԧ८ᑺㄝখ᭄DŽᇍᴚӊऩ‫ܗ‬LINKˈা䳔㽕ᅮН៾
䴶䴶⿃DŽ
(10) ĀMP, LAB, MAT, C0, C1, C2, C3, C4āˉˉᰃ⫼ᴹᅮН㄀LAB㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘখ᭄MAT
ⱘؐDŽ
(11) ĀF, NODE, LAB, VALUE, VALUE2, NEND, NINCāˉˉ೼㡖⚍NODEϞࡴ㥋䕑DŽ
LABᰃ䕑㥋㉏ൟৡ⿄˄䲚Ё࡯㥋䕑⫼F㸼⼎ˈय़࡯㥋䕑⫼PRESS㸼⼎˅DŽVALUE㸼⼎㥋䕑
ؐⱘ໻ᇣDŽ
(12) ĀD, NODE, LAB, VALUE, VALUE2, NEND, NINC, Lab2, Lab3, Lab4, Lab5, Lab6ā
ˉˉ㒭NODE㡖⚍ᮑࡴ㞾⬅ᑺ㑺ᴳDŽLABᰃ㞾⬅ᑺ㉏ൟˈབUXˈUYˈROTXㄝDŽབᵰ䖭Ͼ
㡖⚍ⱘ᠔᳝㞾⬅ᑺ䛑㹿㑺ᴳˈৃҹ⫼ĀALLāҷᣛ᠔᳝㞾⬅ᑺDŽ
(13) Ā/SOLUāˉˉ䖯ܹ∖㾷῵ഫDŽ
(14) ĀSOLVEāˉˉᓔྟ∖㾷DŽ
(15) Ā/POST1āˉˉ䖯ܹৢ໘⧚῵ഫDŽ
(16) ĀPLDISP,KUNDāˉˉ⫼ᴹᰒ⼎㒧ᵘⱘবᔶDŽKUND˙0㸼⼎াᰒ⼎বᔶৢⱘ㒧
ᵘᔶ⢊DŽKUND˙2㸼⼎ৠᯊᰒ⼎বᔶࠡ㒧ᵘⱘᔶ⢊DŽ

13.2.3 ߚᬃ੠ᕾ⦃
㽕ᛇ♉⌏ഄ᪡㒉ANSYSⱘੑҸ㸠ੑҸˈ⿟ᑣ⌕⿟᥻ࠊⱘℷ⹂Փ⫼ᰃ䴲ᐌ䞡㽕ⱘDŽ੠݊
Ҫ催㑻䇁㿔ϔḋˈ⌕⿟᥻ࠊЏ㽕ࣙᣀ˖ߚᬃ߸ᮁ੠ᕾ⦃DŽ

1ˈߚᬃ߸ᮁ

೼⿟ᑣ⌕⿟᥻ࠊЁ䳔㽕ϔϾ԰‫އ‬ᅮ⫼ⱘḚᶊˈߚᬃ੠ᕾ⦃ᗻৃҹᅠ៤ᇍੑҸⱘㄯ䗝੠
ᇍϔϾੑҸ੠ϔ↉ҷⷕⱘ䞡໡ᠻ㸠DŽᕾ⦃Փ⫼᠋䙓‫ܡ‬њ‫ݫ‬䭓ⱘੑҸ䞡໡ˈ㗠ߚᬃЎ⫼᠋ᦤ
կњ᥻ࠊ⿟ᑣܼሔ੠ᣛᇐ⿟ᑣᅠ៤ߚᵤⱘ㛑࡯DŽ
᳔ᐌ㾕ⱘߚᬃ㒧ᵘЎIF then else㒧ᵘDŽᅗՓ⫼*IFˈ*ELSEˈ*Else IF੠*ENDIFDŽIFੑ
Ҹᰃᴵӊ䕀⿏䇁হˈᔧ⒵䎇㒭ᅮⱘᴵӊᯊˈ䆹ੑҸ䕀ࠄ⿟ᑣⱘϟϔ㸠ᠻ㸠DŽELSE䇁হᣛ⼎
⿟ᑣḍ᥂⦄㸠ⱘᴵӊএᠻ㸠޴Ͼࡼ԰ЁⱘϔϾˈIFੑҸৃҹࣙ৿⫼᠋ᣛᅮⱘ៪ANSYS䅵ㅫ
ߎⱘখ᭄԰Ў߸ᮁᴵӊDŽϟ՟ⱘ⼎ᛣབ೒13.3DŽ

487
 ㄀ゴ⫼$3'/ᅲ⦄ぎ䯈㔥໇㒧ᵘখ᭄࣪ᓎ῵

೒13.3 ᴵӊ䇁হᠻ㸠⼎ᛣ೒

! ՟˖߸ᮁ䎱⾏
*IF,A,EQ,1,THEN
Block1
üü
üü
*ELSEIF,A,EQ,0
! Block2
üü
üü
*ELSEIF,A,EQ,-1
Block3
üü
üü
*ELSE
Block4
üü
üü
*ENDIF
CONTINUE

ߚᬃੑҸ㛑ᓩᇐ⿟ᑣḍ᥂ᅲ䰙῵ൟ៪ߚᵤ԰‫އ‬ᅮˈ䆹ੑҸ‫ܕ‬䆌ᏺখ᭄ˈϨ‫ܕ‬䆌䚼ߚ䕧
ܹؐ䱣䅵ㅫߎⱘᶤѯؐᬍবDŽ

2ˊᕾ⦃

ᕾ⦃䗮䖛‫݌‬ൟⱘDOᕾ⦃ᣛҸᅲ⦄ˈ䖭ϾᣛҸᣛ⼎⿟ᑣ䞡໡ϔІੑҸˈᕾ⦃ⱘ⃵᭄⬅䅵

488
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

఼᭄៪݊Ҫᕾ⦃ⱘ᥻ࠊ఼ᴹ᥻ࠊˈ᥻ࠊ఼ᅠܼḍ᥂㒭ᅮᴵӊⱘ⢊ᗕ‫އ‬ᅮ⿟ᑣᰃ㒻㓁ᕾ⦃䖬
ᰃ䗔ߎᕾ⦃DŽ՟བ˖

*DO,I,1,5 ! I Ң1ࠄ5
üü
üü
*ENDDO

䖭Ͼᕾ⦃⿟ᑣ㸼⼎ᕾ⦃ᠻ㸠Ё䯈ⱘҷⷕ5⃵ˈᕾ⦃ব䞣ᰃIˈ೼ᕾ⦃ԧ‫ৃݙ‬ҹՓ⫼ᕾ⦃
ব䞣I䖯㸠䌟ؐ੠䖤ㅫDŽ

13.3 ⫼᠋⬠䴶䆒䅵䇁㿔UIDLҟ㒡
ANSYSᦤկњㅔऩⱘ⫼᠋⬠䴶䆒䅵ࡳ㛑ˈৃҹ䆒䅵ߎㅔऩⱘ৘㉏ֵᙃᦤ⼎ˈऩ㸠᭄᥂
䕧ܹᇍ䆱Ḛˈ໮㸠᭄᥂䕧ܹᇍ䆱ḚㄝDŽϟ䴶㒭ߎ⫼Ѣ䕧ܹⱘऩ㸠੠໮㸠᭄᥂䕧ܹᇍ䆱Ḛ䆒
䅵ᣛҸDŽ

13.3.1 ऩ㸠খ᭄䕧ܹ
*ASKੑҸᦤ⼎⫼᠋⹂ᅮϔϾऩ⣀ⱘখ᭄DŽੑҸḐᓣབϟ˖

*ASK,Par,Qurery,DVAL

Par㸼⼎䕧ܹⱘখ᭄ব䞣ˈ⫼ᴹ‫ټ‬ᄬ⫼᠋䕧ܹⱘখ᭄ؐDŽQureryᰃᇍPar䖯㸠ᦤ⼎ⱘֵᙃˈ
ेᇍ㽕∖⫼᠋䕧ܹখ᭄ⱘ䇈ᯢDŽDVALᰃ㽕∖⫼᠋䕧ܹখ᭄ⱘ߱ྟؐ៪咬䅸ؐDŽ՟བϟ䴶
䇁হᅠ៤ᇍऩϾখ᭄aⱘ䕧ܹⱘऩখ᭄ᇍ䆱Ḛⱘ⫳៤˖

*ask,a,'width of the structure',20

Փ⫼Ϟ䗄ᣛҸˈ⫼᠋ᇚӮⳟࠄབ೒13.4᠔⼎ⱘᇍ䆱ḚDŽ

೒13.4 ⫼*ASKੑҸ⫳៤ⱘऩখ᭄䕧ܹᇍ䆱Ḛにষ

13.3.2 ໮㸠খ᭄䕧ܹ
MUTIPROᣛҸᵘᓎњϔϾㅔऩǃ໡ড়ⱘेᯊડᑨ໮㸠䕧᭄ܹ᥂ᇍ䆱Ḛˈᅗ᳔໮ࣙᣀ10
Ͼ䕧ܹડᑨখ᭄DŽ䖭ϾᣛҸ‫ܕ‬䆌⫼᠋⫼ϔ㒘UIDLੑҸⱘ*CSETᣛҸЎ↣Ͼ䕧ܹখ᭄߯ᓎ੠
咬䅸ؐϔḋⱘ䕧ܹᦤ⼎DŽ՟བϟ䴶ᰃᅠ៤ᇍϸϾখ᭄a੠b䖯ܹ䕧ܹⱘᇍ䆱Ḛ⿟ᑣ˖

489
 ㄀ゴ⫼$3'/ᅲ⦄ぎ䯈㔥໇㒧ᵘখ᭄࣪ᓎ῵

multipro,'start',2
*cset,1,3,a,'beam width',20
*cset,4,6,b,'height',10
*cset,61,62,'The MYOFSET macro offsets the',' selected nodes along each'
*cset,63,64,'of the three axes. Fill in the ',' fields accordingly.'
multipro,'end'

⫼᠋ᇚӮⳟࠄབ೒13.5᠔⼎ⱘ໮㸠খ᭄䕧ܹᇍ䆱ḚDŽ

೒13.5 ⫼*MULTIPROੑҸ⫳៤ⱘ໮㸠᭄᥂䕧ܹにষ

13.4 㔥໇ᓎ῵⿟ᑣ䆒䅵

13.4.1 ῵ൟᓎゟⱘℹ偸
(1) ᦤপ῵ൟ᭄᥂ˈ⹂ᅮ㔥໇᥻ࠊখ᭄˖᳆⥛ञᕘRˈ䎼ᑺSpanˈϾ᭄Knˈ೜᭄Nx˗
(2) ᅮН㔥໇乊䚼Ёᖗ㡖⚍ⱘԡ㕂തᷛˈे1ো㡖⚍ⱘതᷛЎ(0ˈ0ˈR) ˗
(3) 䇗⫼⫳៤㡖⚍ⱘᄤ⿟ᑣ(ḍ᥂㔥໇ⱘ᥻ࠊᮍ⿟1ǃ2ǃ3㓪‫⫳ )ݭ‬៤㡖⚍ԡ㕂˗
(4) ᅮНऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟˈ⫼DOᕾ⦃੠EᣛҸᅲ⦄㡖⚍1ࠄ㡖⚍KnП䯈ⱘᴚӊ䖲᥹˗
(5) ⫼DOᕾ⦃੠EᣛҸᅲ⦄1ሖࠄNxሖⱘ⦃৥ᴚӊ䖲᥹˗
(6) ⫼DOᕾ⦃੠IF then elseߚᬃঞEᣛҸᅲ⦄ᕘ৥ᴚӊⱘ䖲᥹ˈҢ㗠ᅲ⦄ᭈϾ῵ൟⱘ
ᓎゟDŽ

13.4.2 㡖⚍തᷛ䅵ㅫ
⧗䴶㔥໇ᓎ῵ᰃҹぎ䯈തᷛ㋏ⱘZ䕈Ўᇍ⿄䕈ˈҹതᷛ㋏ॳ⚍Ў⧗ᖗˈ䆒⧗໇Ϟ᳝ϔ⚍
ЎMˈ೼䅵ㅫM⚍ⱘതᷛᯊˈ䗝⫼⧗䴶തᷛ˄R,γi , β j ˅㸼⼎DŽབ೒13.6᠔⼎䆒ॳ⚍OࠄM⚍
ⱘ䭓ᑺЎRˈRгᰃ⧗䴶ञᕘˈM⚍೼ᑇ䴶XOYϞⱘᡩᕅ⚍ЎPˈ䆒OP䭓ᑺЎrˈ߭ᵘ៤ϸϾ
Ⳉ㾦ϝ㾦ᔶOPM੠PNOˈḍ᥂ϝ㾦޴ԩ݇㋏ᕫࠄˈ೼ϝ㾦ᔶONPЁ᳝˖
x = r cos β j (13.3)
y = r sin β j (13.4)

490
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

೒13.6 㔥໇㒧ᵘЁՓ⫼ⱘതᷛ㋏

೼ϝ㾦ᔶOPMЁ᳝˖
r = R sin ϕi (13.5)
⬅ҹϞ݇㋏ᕫࠄ⧗䴶തᷛ䅵ㅫˈ㡖⚍തᷛ݀ᓣབϟ:
xi = R sin( ϕi )cos( β j )
yi = R sin( ϕi )sin(β j ) (0İβj <360) (13.6)
z i = R cos( ϕi )
݊Ёβj ЎҹZ䕈Ўᇍ⿄䕈ˈOMЎ↡㒓ⱘ㒣ᑺԡ㕂തᷛDŽ
ᇍѢ㄀i೜ⱘ㡖⚍ᴹ䇈ˈ㾦ᑺϕi ؐЎ˖
φ i =φ0 i/N (0İφ i İφ 0 ) (13.7)
঺ϔϾᮍ৥ⱘ㾦ᑺβ j Ң0ࠄ360 ⱘ㒀ᑺԡ㕂തᷛˈᣝ✻↣Ͼߚऎ᠔ᇍᑨⱘ㾦ᑺ3600 /Kn
0

੠᠔೼ⱘ೜᭄ᴹ⹂ᅮDŽᭈϾ䅵ㅫ䖛⿟ᣝ✻Ң乊䚼ࠄᑩ䚼ⱘ㒀ᑺതᷛ೜᭄ i Ң1ࠄNˈ j Ң1ࠄ

6*(i+1)ᣝ㒣ᑺԡ㕂ᮍ৥ϸ䞡ᕾ⦃ˈ‫ܜ‬ㅫߎ↣Ͼ㡖⚍᠔ᇍᑨⱘϸϾ㾦ᑺˈ‫ݡ‬ᣝ(1.6)ᓣ䅵ㅫߎ
㡖⚍ⱘԡ㕂തᷛDŽ
ҹϞᰃᔧ៥Ӏⶹ䘧њ㾦ᑺϕi ੠βj ৢⱘ䅵ㅫᮍ⊩DŽϟ䴶䅼䆎ϕi ੠βj ⱘ‫݋‬ԧㅫ⊩ˈঞ݊೼⧗
䴶㔥໇ЁᅗӀᰃ⬅ҔМᴹ‫އ‬ᅮ੠ᗢḋߚᏗⱘDŽ䗝ᢽϔϾ⧗໇ˈབ೒13.7᠔⼎㾖ᆳᅗⱘ῾៾
䴶ˈ䆒䖭Ͼ⧗໇ⱘϕj Ў೎ᅮؐˈ䆄Ўϕ0 ˈ⧗໇ⱘ㡖⚍ᘏ೜᭄ЎNxˈ‫݋‬ԧ೜᭄⫼i㸼⼎DŽ㗠ϕi
াϢ㡖⚍‫݋‬ԧ೜᭄᳝݇DŽৠϔ㡖⚍೜Ϟⱘϕi ؐⳌৠˈ䆒៥Ӏ᠔‫໇⧗ⱘخ‬৘㡖⚍೜᭄ᰃㄝ䭓
ߚᏗⱘˈेৠϔᕘ৥ᓻϞⳌৠᓻ䭓᠔ᇍᑨⱘ།㾦ؐⳌㄝDŽᬙϕ0 ⱘ䅵ㅫЎ˖
5
ञᕘ

䎼ᑺE
L

೒13.7 ⧗䴶㔥໇㒧ᵘሎᇌ⼎ᛣ೒

491
 ㄀ゴ⫼$3'/ᅲ⦄ぎ䯈㔥໇㒧ᵘখ᭄࣪ᓎ῵

b /2
ϕ0 = arctan( ) (13.8)
R2 − b 2 / 4
೼⿟ᑣЁˈ៥Ӏ⫼Span㸼⼎䎼ᑺbˈ݊ЁPi㸼⼎೚਼⥛ˈR㸼⼎ञᕘˈj㸼⼎⦃৥㒣ᑺԡ
㕂ˈDpha㸼⼎ ϕ 0 /Nxˈᕫࠄ㒀ᑺᮍ৥ⱘ ϕi ⫼ihDpha㸼⼎DŽ
βj 㸼⼎ᑇ䴶OPMϢᑇ䴶XOZ䴶།㾦ⱘ㒣ᑺԡ㕂ؐˈҹതᷛে᠟㋏Ўᷛ‫ˈޚ‬໻ᇣ೼0ࠄ3600
П䯈DŽ಴Ў㄀n+1೜ⱘ㡖⚍Ͼ᭄ᘏ↨㄀n೜ⱘ㡖⚍Ͼ᭄໮ϔ‫ˈס‬Ϩ೼㒀ᑺ೜Ϟ⚍ᰃഛࣔߚᏗ
ⱘˈ᠔ҹ↣೜ᇍᑨ㄀ѠϾ㡖⚍ⱘβj ؐᰃϞϔ೜᠔ᇍᑨⱘ㄀ѠϾ㡖⚍ⱘβj ؐⱘϔञDŽ㢹㡖⚍೼
䆹㒀ᑺ೜ⱘ⃵ᑣЎiˈ㡖⚍㒣ᑺ೜⃵ᑣЎjˈ㡖⚍ᘏ೜᭄ЎNxˈᴚӊᏗ㕂⊓⦃৥ᕾ⦃ᇍ⿄ߚᏗ
ⱘϾ᭄ЎKnˈ߭βj ⱘؐЎ˖
βj =(j-1)/ih2±/Kn (1.9)
‫݋‬ԧ㸼⦄೼⿟ᑣЁˈ±⫼PI㸼⼎ˈ㾦ᑺ ϕi ੠βj 䛑⫼ᓻᑺ㸼⼎DŽ೒1.8Ўᠻ㸠㡖⚍䅵ㅫ⿟
ᑣৢⱘ㡖⚍Ꮧ㕂೒DŽ

13.4.3 ऩ‫ܗ‬䖲᥹
Ҩ㒚㾖ᆳ㔥໇ⱘ㒧ᵘᔶᓣˈথ⦄㽕ᇚ৘Ͼᴚӊℷ⹂᮴䇃ⱘ䖲᥹ᰃ↨䕗ೄ䲒ⱘDŽ᠔ҹ೼⫼
⿟ᑣᅲ⦄ⱘ䖛⿟Ёᖙ乏⊼ᛣ㡖⚍䖲᥹ⱘ䰊↉ᗻˈᑨ䆹ߚℹ⬅ㅔऩࠄ໡ᴖ䗤ϔ䖯㸠DŽ佪‫ܜ‬䖲᥹
⬅乊⚍ߎথࠄ㄀ϔϾ㒀ᑺ೜৘㡖⚍᠔ᇍᑨⱘᴚӊˈ✊ৢ‫ݡ‬䖲᥹㄀ϔ㒀ᑺ೜ࠄ᳔ৢϔϾ㒀ᑺ೜
৘㡖⚍П䯈ⱘᇍᑨᴚӊˈ೼䖲᥹ৠϔ㒀ᑺ೜Ϟ㡖⚍ᴚӊᯊ䳔⊼ᛣˈা㛑ᰃⳌ䚏㡖⚍П䯈䖯㸠
ᴚӊ䖲᥹ˈ䴲Ⳍ䚏㡖⚍ϡ㛑䖯㸠䖲᥹DŽ᳔ৢ‫ݡ‬䅼䆎Ϟϔ㒀ᑺ೜Ϣϟϔ㒀ᑺ೜П䯈ⱘᴚӊ䖲᥹DŽ
䖯㸠㔥໇ऩ‫ܗ‬䖲᥹Пࠡˈ‫⫼ܜ‬ऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟᅮНੑҸETᅮНऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟЎϝ㓈ᴚऩ‫ܗ‬Link8ˈ
‫⫼ݡ‬ऩ‫ܗ‬ᅮНੑҸEঞᕾ⦃䇁হǃᴵӊ䇁হ䖯㸠ऩ‫ܗ‬䖲᥹ⱘᅮНDŽ
ď1Đॕࠄԛྡྷ௡ࡅ຿‫ߑئ‬d
㄀ϔℹ㞾乊⚍1ࠄ㄀ϔ㒀ᑺ೜Ϟ৘㡖⚍䖯㸠䖲᥹DŽ㾖ᆳ݊㒧ᵘᔶᓣⶹˈ䍋ྟ䖲᥹⚍ϡবˈ
ྟ㒜Ў1ˈা᳔᳝㒜䖲᥹⚍ᰃ೼䍋ྟ⚍ⱘ෎⸔Ϟ䗤⏤䗦๲ˈ䆒KnЎᴚӊᏗ㕂⊓⦃৥ᕾ⦃ᇍ⿄
ߚᏗⱘᘏϾ᭄ˈiЎ‫݋‬ԧϾ᭄DŽབ೒13.9᠔⼎Ў䖲᥹㄀ϔ೜ᕘ৥ᴚӊৢѻ⫳ⱘ㄀ϔ೜ᕘ৥ᴚӊ
䖲᥹೒DŽ

೒13.8 㡖⚍Ꮧ㕂೒ ೒13.9 㡖⚍1ࠄKnП䯈ⱘᕘ৥ᴚӊ䖲᥹

492
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

ď2Đॕࠄ‫ܬ‬຿‫ߑئ‬d
㄀2ℹ㗗ᆳ㒀ᑺ೜Ϟⱘ㡖⚍㓪োˈࠡjhKn1ϾᴚӊП䯈ഛЎ䗦๲݇㋏ˈ㄀jhKnϾ㡖⚍
Ϣ䆹೜Ϟⱘ㄀ϔϾ㡖⚍П䯈জᰃ঺ϔ⾡݇㋏ˈ಴ℸᖙ乏ߚϸ⾡ᚙ‫މ‬䅼䆎DŽ‫݋‬ԧ⿟ᑣЁ⫼ϸ
䞡ᕾ⦃ᅲ⦄DŽབ೒13.10᠔⼎Ў䖲᥹⦃৥ᴚӊᔶ៤ⱘ⦃৥ᴚӊ䖲᥹೒DŽ
ď3Đ‫ד‬௕༶‫ܬ‬ēॕࠄّْ௕ઝԅ‫ߑئ‬d
㄀3ℹ䖯㸠㒀ᑺ೜Ϣ㒀ᑺ೜П䯈ⱘᴚӊ䖲᥹ˈ‫خ‬ᅠ䖭ϔℹህৃᔶ៤㔥໇ऩ‫ܼⱘܗ‬䚼䖲
᥹DŽjҢ1ࠄNx1ˈВϾ՟ᄤˈ㢹೜᭄Ў9ˈҢ㄀1೜ࠄ㄀9೜᳝݅8ϾЁ䯈䖲᥹↉ˈᬙj᳔໻প
ࠄNx1DŽ䖭ḋ㒀ᑺ೜Ϟⱘ↣Ͼ㡖⚍ˈ䛑Ϣϟϔ㒀ᑺ೜Ϟᅗᕘ৥᠔ᇍᑨⱘ㡖⚍੠ᕘ৥㡖⚍ⱘ
ϟϔ㡖⚍䖲᥹DŽབ೒13.11᠔⼎Ўᠻ㸠ℹ偸(3)ৢ᠔ᔶ៤ⱘ৘Ͼऎ‫ⱘݙ‬᭰৥ᴚӊ䖲᥹೒ˈे䆹
㋏߫㔥໇ⱘ῵ൟ೒DŽ

೒13.10 ⦃৥ᴚӊ䖲᥹೒ ೒13.11 ߚऎ䖲᥹ᕘ৥ᴚӊ

བ೒13.8㟇೒13.11᠔⼎ⱘ4Ͼ೒ᔶᰃ߽⫼ᴀゴㅫ⊩ᅲ⦄ϔϾK㋏߫㔥໇ᓎ῵䖛⿟ˈ↣Ͼ
ᓎ῵ℹ偸᠔ѻ⫳ⱘ೒ᔶঞ᳔㒜ⱘ῵ൟ೒DŽ䖭ϾK㋏߫⧗䴶㔥໇ˈ݊䎼ᑺЎ20000˄mm˅ˈ
᳆⥛ञᕘЎ20000˄mm˅ˈᕾ⦃ᇍ⿄ऎⱘϾ᭄Ў8ˈ೜᭄Ў4DŽ

13.4.4 ব䞣䇈ᯢ
⧗䴶ञᕘ˄Sphere radius˅ R ߱ྟؐ R=20000
䎼ᑺ˄Span<2R˅ Span ߱ྟؐ Span=20000
⦃৥ᕾ⦃ᇍ⿄᭄˄Cycle Number˅ Kn ߱ྟؐ Kn=8
㡖⚍೜᭄˄Node circle number˅ Nx ߱ྟؐ Nx=4

13.4.5 㡖⚍തᷛ䅵ㅫ݀ᓣ
⬅R੠Span⹂ᅮ᳔໪೜㡖⚍᠔ᇍᑨⱘ⧗䴶തᷛ㾦ᑺDphaDŽ
DPha=Atn(Span/2/Sqrt(R*R-Span*Span/4))/Nx (13.12)

493
 ㄀ゴ⫼$3'/ᅲ⦄ぎ䯈㔥໇㒧ᵘখ᭄࣪ᓎ῵

ᅮН1ো㡖⚍ⱘതᷛЎ˄0ˈ0ˈR˅DŽ
⬅݀ᓣ˖
x=R*sin(i*DPha)*cos((j-1)/i*2*Pi/Kn) ˄i=1ˈ…ˈKn*j˅ (13.13)
y=R*sin(i*DPha)*sin((j-1)/i*2*Pi/Kn) ˄j=1ˈ…ˈNx ˅ (13.14)
z=R*cos(i*DPha) (13.15)
⫳៤㡖⚍തᷛDŽ
⬅ᣛҸn,1+Kn*(i-1)*i/2+j,x,y,z ⹂ᅮ㡖⚍ⱘതᷛԡ㕂ঞ㓪োDŽ

13.4.6 ЏḚ೒䇈ᯢ

ᓔ ྟ

䕧ܹ᥻ࠊখ᭄

⫳៤㡖⚍

ᅮНऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟ

ᔶ៤㡖⚍ 1 ࠄ㡖⚍ Kn П䯈ᴚӊ䖲᥹

ᔶ៤ 1 ሖࠄ Nx ሖ⦃৥ᴚӊ䖲᥹

ᔶ៤ᕘ৥ᴚӊ䖲᥹

ᅮНᴤ᭭খ᭄

ᓩܹ䕑㥋੠㑺ᴳᴵӊ

ᰒ⼎㒧ᵘবᔶঞ‫࡯ݙ‬ᚙ‫މ‬

㒧 ᴳ

೒13.12 ⿟ᑣЏḚ೒

13.4.7 ऩ‫ܗ‬䖲᥹݇㋏ᅮН
(1) Շ࿌ԛ1फӦ၍फ໸นసป‫ߑئ‬Ӧ၍Link8d
(2) Շ࿌ࠋԤ1ӾࠋԤKnᄍ޷ԅӦ၍ॕࠄd
⫼ऩ‫ܗ‬ᅮНੑҸĀE,1,1+Iāˈ(i=1ˈ…ˈKn)ᔶ៤㡖⚍1ࠄ㡖⚍KnП䯈ⱘऩ‫ܗ‬䖲᥹DŽ
(3) Շ࿌ಓю1ЊӾNxЊԅ‫ܬ‬຿Ӧ၍ॕࠄd
⬅ᣛҸ˖ ĀE,1+Kn*(j1)*j/2+i,1+Kn*(j1)*j/2+i+1āˈ ˄i=1ˈ…ˈKn*j-1˅
ĀE,1+Kn*(j1)*j/2+1,1+Kn*(j1)*j/2+Kn*jāˈ ˄j=1ˈ…ˈNx˅
⫳៤1ሖࠄNxሖⱘ⦃৥ऩ‫ܗ‬䖲᥹DŽϞ䴶㄀1Ͼㅫᓣᰃℷ৥㡖⚍ད䖲᥹ⱘᴚӊˈ㄀2Ͼㅫ

494
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

ᓣᰃ㄀1Ͼ㡖⚍੠᳔ৢϔϾ㡖⚍П䯈ⱘ䖲ᴚDŽ
(4) ‫ד‬௕ಓюໜ຿‫ߑئ‬Ӧ၍d
䖭䞠䞛⫼3ሖᕾ⦃ˈ㄀1ሖᰃҢ‫ݙ‬೜㄀2೜ᓔྟࠄ᳔໪೜Nxⱘᕾ⦃DŽ㄀2ሖᰃᇍ৘Ͼᇍ⿄
ऎKnᕾ⦃ˈ㄀3ሖᰃ೼৘Ͼऎ‫ݙ‬ᇍ৘Ͼℷ৥᭰৥ᴚˈ੠䋳৥᭰৥ᴚᕾ⦃DŽ䖭䞠䳔㽕߽⫼IF
ߚᬃᣛҸ߸ᮁᰃ৺ᰃ᳔ৢϔϾऎ੠ᰃ৺ᰃ᳔ৢϔḍᴚDŽᏆ⹂ᅮ⫼ાϔϾ㡖⚍োⳌ䖲ˈ䆺㒚
䖲᥹ᚙ‫މ‬㾕⿟ᑣЁⱘ䇈ᯢDŽ
(5) Շ࿌‫ੋࠉߑئ‬໿ᄩۤϫॸඋ໿d
ḍ᥂⫼᠋ⱘ䕧ܹˈ⹂ᅮᴚӊⱘ῾៾䴶䴶⿃DŽҹঞᴤ᭭খ᭄DŽ䖭䞠Ўњ⿟ᑣㅔऩ䍋㾕ˈ
া䆒㕂њϔ⾡៾䴶㉏ൟDŽᅲ䰙Ϟˈ‫݋‬ԧᎹ⿟Ё䳔㽕ᕜ໮ⱘ៾䴶㉏ൟˈҹֱ䆕৘Ͼᴚӊⱘᴤ
᭭ᔎᑺ㹿‫⫼߽ߚܙ‬DŽ‫݋‬ԧ៾䴶㉏ൟⱘ⹂ᅮ䳔㽕ᇍᭈϾ䆒䅵ᮍḜ᳝ϔϾ‫ⱘߚܙ‬њ㾷ৢ⹂ᅮDŽ
(6) ၻ۠ۤၟ೯d
㑺ᴳ㔥໇᳔໪೜ⱘ᠔᳝㡖⚍ᮑࡴ೎ᅮ㑺ᴳDŽ݊ԭ≵᳝㑺ᴳⱘ㡖⚍ᮑࡴオ৥㡖⚍㥋䕑DŽ
(7) ༪႔ဈ‫ܜ‬ԅ೛ѻྑௐd
⿟ᑣⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰЏ㽕ࣙᣀ㡖⚍ԡ⿏ⱘؐ੠‫݋‬ԧ㒧ᵘⱘবᔶᔶ⢊DŽ䖭䞠ⱘ䆒䅵ᰃ䗮䖛ᇍ
䆱Ḛ䅽⫼᠋䗝ᢽ᠔ᳳᳯⱘ㒧ᵰDŽ䗮䖛䕧ܹ1䗮ⶹ㋏㒳䳔㽕߫㸼䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰˈ៪㗙೒ᔶᰒ⼎বᔶ
೒DŽ䕧ܹ0㸼⼎ϡ䳔㽕ᰒ⼎㒧ᵰDŽ

13.4.8 ⑤⿟ᑣ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎҹࠡⱘ໘⧚῵ഫ
/Clear ! ⏙䰸‫ݙ‬ᄬЁⱘ᠔᭄᳝᥂
/Prep7 ! 䖯ܹࠡ໘⧚῵ഫPREP7
!(1) ᅮН෎ᴀ޴ԩখ᭄! ߱ྟ࣪䆒䅵ব䞣খ᭄
R=20000 ! 㒭ᅮ咬䅸ञᕘؐ20㉇
Kn=8 ! 咬䅸㔥໇㉏ൟK8
Pi=3.14159 ! ೚਼⥛ؐ
Span=R*1.5 ! 咬䅸䎼ᑺ1.5‫ⱘס‬ञᕘ
Nx=6 ! 咬䅸⦃৥೜᭄6೜
!(2) ⫼᠋⬠䴶䆒䅵,䕧ܹ෎ᴀ޴ԩখ᭄
multipro,'start',4
*cset,1,3,R,'Curvature Radius R= (mm)',20000
*cset,4,6,Kn,'Cymmytric Area Number =',8
*cset,7,9,Span,'Span <= 2R Span=(mm)',30000
*cset,10,12,Nx,'Node Circle Number Nx =',6
*cset,61,62,'Please input geometry parameters of the shell.'
multipro,'end'
!(3) 䅵ㅫ㡖⚍തᷛԡ㕂,ᑊᅮН㡖⚍
DPha=Atn(Span/2/Sqrt(R*R-Span*Span/4))/Nx
N,1,0,R,0 ! ᅮН1ো㡖⚍ⱘԡ㕂തᷛЎ˄0,R,0˅
*do,i,1,Nx ! ञᕘᮍ৥ⱘ㡖⚍ᕾ⦃

495
 ㄀ゴ⫼$3'/ᅲ⦄ぎ䯈㔥໇㒧ᵘখ᭄࣪ᓎ῵

*do,j,1,Kn*i ! ⦃৥ⱘ㡖⚍ᕾ⦃
x=R*sin(i*DPha)*cos((j-1)/i*2*Pi/Kn)
y=R*cos(i*DPha)
z=R*sin(i*DPha)*sin((j-1)/i*2*Pi/Kn)
N,1+Kn*(i-1)*i/2+j,x,y,z ! ձ⃵䅵ㅫᑊᅮН㡖⚍ⱘ㓪ো੠ԡ㕂
*enddo
*enddo
/Pnum,node,1 ! ᷛ⊼㡖⚍ⱘোⷕ
Nplot ! ೒Ёϡᰒ⼎㡖⚍োⷕ
!(4) ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬䖲᥹
ET,1,Link8 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟЎϝ㓈ᴚऩ‫ܗ‬Link8
*DO,i,1,Kn ! ᇍ৘ᇍ⿄ऎᕾ⦃
E,1,1+i ! ᅮНЁᖗ໘ᕘ৥ᴚऩ‫ܗ‬
*ENDDO
! ⦃৥ⱘऩ‫ܗ‬䖲᥹
*DO,j,1,Nx ! Ң䞠৥໪ᇍ೜᭄ᕾ⦃
*DO,i,1,Kn*j-1 ! ᇍᭈϾϔ೜Ϟⱘᴚᕾ⦃
E,1+Kn*(j-1)*j/2+i,1+Kn*(j-1)*j/2+i+1
*ENDDO
E,1+Kn*(j-1)*j/2+1,1+Kn*(j-1)*j/2+Kn*j !㄀1Ͼ㡖⚍੠᳔ৢϔϾ㡖⚍ⱘ䖲ᴚ
*ENDDO
! ᕘ৥ⱘऩ‫ܗ‬䖲᥹
*Do,j,1,Nx-1 ! Ң䞠೜㄀2೜ᓔྟ৥᳔໪೜ᕾ⦃
*Do,k,1,Kn ! ᇍ৘Ͼᇍ⿄ऎᕾ⦃
*Do,i,1,j+1 ! ᇍ↣Ͼᇍ⿄ऎ‫ⱘݙ‬ᴚᕾ⦃
*If,i,eq,j+1,then ! ߸ᮁᰃ৺ᰃᔧࠡᇍ⿄ऎ‫ⱘݙ‬᳔ৢϔḍᴚ
*If,k,eq,Kn,Then ! ߸ᮁᰃ৺ᰃ᳔ৢϔϾᇍ⿄ऎ
E,1+Kn*(j-1)*j/2+1,1+Kn*(j+1)*j/2+(k-1)*(j+1)+i ! ㄀1Ͼ㡖⚍੠᳔ৢϔ
Ͼ㡖⚍ⱘ䖲ᴚ
*else
E,1+Kn*(j-1)*j/2+(k-1)*j+i,1+Kn*(j+1)*j/2+(k-1)*(j+1)+I !ϔ㠀ऎ‫ⱘݙ‬
᳔ৢϔḍ䖲ᴚ
*Endif
*Else
E,1+Kn*(j-1)*j/2+(k-1)*j+i,1+Kn*(j+1)*j/2+(k-1)*(j+1)+I ! ϔ㠀ℷ৥䖲ᴚ
*EndIf
*Enddo
*Do,i,1,j
E,1+Kn*(j-1)*j/2+(k-1)*j+i,1+Kn*(j+1)*j/2+(k-1)*(j+1)+i+1 ! ϔ㠀䋳৥䖲ᴚ
*Enddo
*Enddo
*Enddo

496
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

!(5) ᅮНᴚӊ៾䴶ᗻ䋼੠ᴤ᭭⡍ᗻ
multipro,'start',3
*cset,1,3,SA,'Section Area (mm^2), SA =',10
*cset,4,6,Elas,'Elasticity (GPa), Elas =',210
*cset,7,9,Passion,'Passion Ratio, Passion =',0.3
*cset,61,62,'Input Section & Material Property:'
multipro,'end'
Elas=Elas*1000
R,1,SA ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫៾ⱘܗ‬䴶⿃
MP,EX,1, Elas*1E9 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EX
MP,PRXY,1,passion ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨PRXY
!(6) ᅮН䖍⬠㑺ᴳ੠㡖⚍䕑㥋
multipro,'start',1
*cset,1,3,P,'Loads˄N˅',200
*cset,61,62,'Please input loads value:'
multipro,'end'
*Do,i,1,1+Kn*(Nx-1)*Nx/2+Kn*Nx
*If,i,lt,1+Kn*(Nx-1)*Nx/2+1,then ! 䴲䖍⬠㡖⚍
F,i,fy,-P ! 㒭Ё䯈㡖⚍ᅮН৥ϟⱘ㡖⚍䕑㥋
*Else
D,i,all,0 ! 㒭᳔໪ሖ㡖⚍ᅮН䖍⬠㑺ᴳ
*Endif
*Enddo
FINISH
!(7) 䖯ܹ∖㾷῵ഫ∖㾷
/Solu
Solve ! ᓔྟ䴭࡯ߚᵤⱘ∖㾷
FINISH
!(8) 䖯ܹৢ໘⧚῵ഫPOST1,䕧ߎ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
/Post1
multipro,'start',1
*cset,1,3,Disp1,'Print Diplacement Yes(1)/No(0)?',1 ! 䗝ᢽ䕧ߎԡ⿏ؐ
*cset,4,6,Disp2,'Plot Deformation Yes(1)/No(0)?',1 ! 䗝ᢽ䕧ߎবᔶ೒
*cset,61,62,'Result Display Mode Option:'
multipro,'end'
*If,Disp1,eq,1,then ! ߫㸼ᰒ⼎㒧⚍ԡ⿏ؐ
Pldisp
*Endif
*If,Disp2,eq,1,then ! ೒ᔶᰒ⼎বᔶ೒
Pldisp,2
*Endif
FINISH ! 䗔ߎৢ໘⧚῵ഫ

497
 ㄀ゴ⫼$3'/ᅲ⦄ぎ䯈㔥໇㒧ᵘখ᭄࣪ᓎ῵

13.5 ⿟ᑣՓ⫼䇈ᯢ

13.5.1 ࡴ䕑⿟ᑣ
䖤㸠ANSYS䕃ӊৢˈऩߏǏFileǐ -> ǏRead Input fromǐˈᇚӮᔍߎϔϾࡴ䕑᭛ӊᇍ
䆱Ḛ˄བ೒13.13᠔⼎˅ˈ䇏ܹ1234.TXT᭛ӊৢˈখ᭄࣪ᓎ῵⿟ᑣᓔྟ䖤㸠ˈ⫼᠋ᣝ✻৘Ͼ
にষⱘᦤ⼎䕧ܹ৘乍খ᭄ˈৃҹᅠ៤Ңᓎ῵ࠄ㥋䕑㑺ᴳᅮНˈৢ໘⧚ⱘ᥻ࠊখ᭄ˈᑊϨ೼
⿟ᑣ᥻ࠊϟᅠ៤ᇍ⧗䴶㔥໇ⱘ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬䴭࡯ߚᵤDŽ

೒13.13 ࡴ䕑᭛ӊ⬠䴶

13.5.2 ⬠䴶䇈ᯢ
(1) ೛ద‫·ݮ‬ϵ೴d
䖤㸠䆹᭛ӊৢˈ⫼᠋Ӯⳟࠄᦤ⼎⫼᠋䕧ܹ᥻ࠊখ᭄ⱘᇍ䆱Ḛ˄བ೒13.14᠔⼎˅ˈ

೒13.14 䕧ܹ᥻ࠊ੠޴ԩখ᭄⬠䴶

498
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

⫼᠋䳔䕧ܹ᳆⥛ञᕘRǃ䎼ᑺSpanǃϾ᭄Knǃ೜᭄NxDŽ咬䅸ؐߚ߿ЎR=20000ˈKn=6ˈ
Span=20000ˈNx=4DŽ
⫼᠋䕧ܹ᥻ࠊখ᭄⹂ᅮৢˈᣝĀOKāᣝ䪂ˈᓎ῵⿟ᑣᓔྟᠻ㸠ˈ⫼᠋ᇚӮⳟࠄ⫳៤ᣛ
ᅮখ᭄ⱘ⧗䴶㔥໇῵ൟDŽ

೒13.15 䕧ܹऩ‫ܗ‬ሲᗻ੠ᴤ᭭খ᭄⬠䴶

ď2Đ೛దӦ၍ϵ೴d
䱣ৢ㋏㒳䖯ܹࡴ䕑੠∖㾷῵ഫˈ⫼᠋Ӯⳟࠄᦤ⼎⫼᠋䕧ܹᴤ᭭⡍ᗻⱘᇍ䆱Ḛ˄བ೒
13.15᠔⼎˅DŽ⫼᠋䳔䕧ܹᴚӊⱘ៾䴶⿃SAǃᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣Elasǃ⊞ᵒ↨Passsionˈ咬䅸
2
ؐߚ߿ЎSA=1000(mm )ˈElas=210ˈPassion=0.3DŽ
ď3Đ೛ద۠ၻϵ೴d
⫼᠋䕧ܹᴤ᭭⡍ᗻ⹂ᅮৢˈᇚӮⳟࠄབϟⱘᇍ䆱Ḛにষ˄བ೒13.16᠔⼎˅ˈ䖭䞠⫼᠋
ৃҹ䕧ܹ䕑㥋Pˈे㡖⚍࡯ˈ咬䅸ؐЎP=200NDŽ
ᣝĀOKāᣝ䪂ˈᓎ῵⿟ᑣᓔྟᮑࡴ㡖⚍࡯ˈᑊᇚ㔥໇਼䖍ⱘ᠔᳝㡖⚍೎ᅮˈ᳔ৢᠻ㸠
䴭࡯ߚᵤⱘ䅵ㅫˈ⫼᠋ⳟࠄANSYS㋏㒳ᦤ⼎ĀThe solution is done!ā㸼ᯢ䅵ㅫ㒧ᴳDŽ

೒13.16 䕧ܹ䕑㥋⬠䴶

ď4Đ‫҉܊‬स༪ົϵ೴d
䱣ৢ⿟ᑣ䖯ܹৢ໘⧚῵ഫˈ⫼᠋ᇚӮⳟࠄབ೒13.17᠔⼎ⱘᇍ䆱Ḛˈ䆶䯂⫼᠋ᰃ৺䕧ߎ
ԡ⿏ǃᰃ৺䕧ߎবᔶ೒DŽ䗝ᢽ1Ў䕧ߎˈ0Ўϡ䕧ߎDŽ

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೒13.17 䗝ᢽ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰⱘ䕧ߎᮍᓣ⬠䴶

13.5.3 ⊼ᛣџ乍
೼⫼᠋䕧ܹ᥻ࠊখ᭄ᯊ䳔⊼ᛣҹϟџ乍˖
(1) ൎပԅϵ೴Ρ༖ಾჾჼ೴d
(2) ࣔէSpanΡ༖໌ဟ‫ݧ‬რԉဟ2Ϳԅௗ৑͖ࡅRd
(3) Kn ྡྷ͎௜3Ӿ8ᄍ޷ԅఉ࿉ྡྷّ೴d
(4) Disp1௜1ನē೛ѻสྭē௜0ನϢ೛ѻสྭd
(5) Disp2௜1ನ೛ѻέ໹෍ē௜0ನϢ೛ѻέ໹෍d

13.6 ᑨ⫼В՟

13.6.1 ෎ᴀখ᭄
ď1Đࣅᄥϵ೴d
᳆⥛ञᕘR=20000˄mm˅ˈ䎼ᑺSpan=30000˄mm˅ˈϾ᭄Kn=8ˈ೜᭄Nx=6DŽ
ď2Đϫॸϵ೴d
ᴚӊ៾䴶⿃SA=100˄ mm2 ˅ˈᔍᗻ῵䞣Elas=210˄GPa˅ˈ⊞ᵒ↨Passion=0.3DŽ
˄3˅㡖⚍䕑㥋DŽ
৘Ͼ㡖⚍Ϟⱘ㡖⚍㥋䕑পؐˈP=200˄N˅DŽ

13.6.2 䕧᭄ܹ᥂ᑊ⫳៤῵ൟ
೼䖤㸠䆹⿟ᑣৢˈḍ᥂ᇍ䆱Ḛⱘ⫼᠋ᦤ⼎ˈ䕧ܹ᥻ࠊখ᭄˄R ǃSpanǃKnǃNx˅ৢˈ
ᕫࠄབ೒13.18᠔⼎ⱘ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟDŽ

೒13.18 ೼ANSYS⦃๗ϟ⫳៤ⱘK8㔥໇῵ൟ೒

500
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

13.6.3 䕧ܹऩ‫ܗ‬খ᭄੠㥋䕑ৢᓔྟ䅵ㅫ
⫳៤῵ൟৢˈ㋏㒳䖯ܹབ೒13.15᠔⼎ⱘᦤ⼎Ḛˈ⫼᠋ৃҹ೼䖭ϾḚЁ䕧ܹᴚӊⱘ῾៾
䴶䴶⿃੠ᴤ᭭খ᭄(SAǃElasǃPassion)DŽ䱣ৢ㋏㒳᳝ᦤ⼎䕧ܹ㡖⚍䕑㥋˄P˅ˈߎ⦄ԡ⿏㑺
ᴳ੠㥋䕑ᇍ䆱Ḛ˄བ೒13.16᠔⼎˅ˈ䕧ܹ㡖⚍㥋䕑ৢˈ῵ൟᰒ⼎ᮑࡴ㡖⚍࡯੠਼䖍㡖⚍ⱘ
ԡ⿏㑺ᴳᚙ‫˄މ‬བ೒13.19᠔⼎˅ˈ᳔ৢ㋏㒳ᓔྟ䅵ㅫ㡖⚍ԡ⿏DŽ

೒13.19 ⧗䴶㔥໇೼ᮑࡴԡ⿏㑺ᴳ੠㥋䕑ৢⱘ῵ൟ

13.6.4 䗝ᢽ㒧ᵰ䕧ߎᮍᓣ
㋏㒳䅵ㅫ㒧ᴳৢˈ㋏㒳ᦤ⼎བ೒13.17᠔⼎ⱘᇍ䆱Ḛˈ⫼᠋ৃҹ䗝ᢽ߫ߎ㡖⚍䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰˈ
៪㗙㒬ࠊবᔶ೒DŽ೼䗝ᢽ䕧ߎবᔶ೒ৢˈ㋏㒳Ӯ㒭ߎབ೒13.20᠔⼎ⱘবᔶ೒DŽ

೒13.20 ⧗䴶㔥໇೼ফ࡯ৢⱘবᔶ೒

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せ』ඃᐾ䊦䛼ᱩ䲈ߗߊܵᲿ

14.1 ศᓣ䍋䞡ᴎ෎ᴀὖᗉ
ศᓣ䍋䞡ᴎᰃϔ⾡ᑓ⊯ᑨ⫼ѢᓎㄥᮑᎹ੠ᎹϮ䍋䞡ⱘᴎẄˈᅗϔ㠀ߚЎࡼ㞖ᓣবᐙ੠
∈ᑇ㞖ᇣ䔺বᐙϸ໻㉏DŽᣝ✻ಲ䕀ᮍᓣߚЎϞᮟᓣ੠ϟᮟᓣϸ⾡DŽ੠݊Ҫ䍋䞡ᴎⳌ↨ˈศ
ᓣ䍋䞡ᴎ‫݋‬᳝ϔϾᕜ催ⱘオⳈศ䑿ˈ೼ศ䑿ⱘϞ䚼ᅝ㺙᳝䍋䞡㞖ᶊˈ䍋䞡㞖ᶊৃҹᇍศᴎ
ⱘಲ䕀䚼ߚ԰360ᑺಲ䕀DŽ
ศᓣ䍋䞡ᴎϔ㠀᳝3䚼ߚ㒘៤˖䞥ሲ㒧ᵘ䚼ߚˈᎹ԰ᴎᵘ䚼ߚ੠偅ࡼ᥻ࠊ㋏㒳䚼ߚDŽ㗠
㒧ᵘⱘᔎᑺ䆒䅵Џ㽕ᰃ⹂ֱ䞥ሲ㒧ᵘ䚼ߚ೼Ꮉ԰䖛⿟Ё⒵䎇ᔎᑺᴵӊDŽศᓣ䍋䞡ᴎⱘ䞥ሲ
㒧ᵘ䚼ߚজߚЎ˖ศ䑿ˈศ乊ˈ䍋䞡㞖ᶊˈᑇ㸵㞖ᶊˈಲ䕀ᬃᡓᶊˈᑩᶊ੠ৄ䔺ᶊㄝЏ㽕
䚼ӊ㒘៤DŽᇍѢ⡍⅞ⱘศᓣ䍋䞡ᴎˈ⬅Ѣᵘ䗴ϞⱘᏂᓖˈ䚼ӊг᳝᠔๲‫ޣ‬DŽ
Ԛᰃ᠔᳝ศᴎ䛑‫݋‬᳝ϔϾᕜ催ⱘศ䑿੠ϔϾᕜ䭓ⱘศ㞖ˈҹᦤկ䕗催ⱘᮑᎹ催ᑺ੠㣗
ೈDŽ಴㗠ศ䑿੠ศ㞖ⱘড়⧚䆒䅵ᰃศᴎ䆒䅵ⱘ݇䬂ˈ㗠䖭ϸ䚼ߚⱘᴚӊ᭄Ⳃгᕜ໮ˈ಴ℸ
ᇍ䖭ϸ䚼ߚᴚӊ䖯㸠᳝䰤‫ߚܗ‬ᵤᯊ᳝ᖙ㽕ᦤկⳌᑨⱘࠡ໘⧚ࡳ㛑ҹㅔ࣪䖭ѯᴚӊⱘ᭄᥂
䕧ܹDŽ

14.2 ศᓣ䍋䞡ᴎᢧᠥ῵ൟ

ศᓣ䍋䞡ᴎЏ㽕⬅オⳈศ䑿ˈ∈ᑇศ㞖ˈศ乊੠ᑇ㸵㞖㒘៤˄བ೒14.1᠔⼎˅DŽ೼㒧
ᵘⱘ࡯ᄺߚᵤЁˈЏ㽕ߚᵤศ䑿ˈศ㞖੠ศ乊ⱘᴚӊফ࡯DŽศ䑿ᴚӊ੠ศ㞖ᴚӊऴศᴎᴚ
ӊ᭄ⳂⱘЏ㽕䚼ߚDŽᦤ催ศᴎ᳝䰤‫ߚܗ‬ᵤ᭄᥂ࠡ໘⧚ⱘ݇䬂ᰃབԩᇚศ䑿ˈศ㞖ⱘ᭄᥂ㅔ
࣪DŽ㗠ศ䑿੠ศ㞖ⱘᴚӊᏗ㕂↨䕗㉏ԐˈᑊϨ⬅䆌໮ᢧᠥᔶ⢊Ⳍৠⱘᴚӊ㒘៤DŽ䖭ℷད㒭
䖭ϔ䚼ߚⱘ㒧⚍㞾ࡼ໘⧚੠ऩ‫ܗ‬㞾ࡼ໘⧚ᦤկњᮍ֓DŽ

೒14.1 ศᓣ䍋䞡ᴎ㒧ᵘ䚼ӊ⼎ᛣ೒

ศ䑿ϔ㠀᳝䆌໮Ͼᷛ‫ޚ‬㡖㒘៤ˈ↣ϔϾᷛ‫ޚ‬㡖‫݋‬᳝Ⳍৠⱘᢧᠥᔶ⢊ˈ޴ԩሎᇌ੠៾䴶
㉏ൟ˄བ೒14.2᠔⼎˅ˈ᠔ҹศ䑿ⱘᷛ‫ޚ‬㡖া䳔㽕ᅮНϔ⃵ˈҹৢⱘ৘㡖ศ䑿ৃҹ䗮䖛ᑇ

502
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

⿏㡖⚍㓪োৢᕫࠄDŽৠḋศ㞖䚼ߚⱘ޴Ͼ㡖೼޴ԩᢧᠥᔶᓣϞⳌԐˈ޴ԩሎᇌⳌৠˈাᰃ
៾䴶ⱘ޴ԩখ᭄ϡৠ˄བ೒14.3᠔⼎˅DŽ

೒14.2 ศ䑿ᷛ‫ޚ‬㡖⼎ᛣ೒ ೒14.3 ศ㞖㒧ᵘ⼎ᛣ೒

ศ乊˄བ೒14.4᠔⼎˅੠ᑇ㸵㞖˄བ೒14.5᠔⼎˅ⱘ㒧⚍᭄Ⳃ੠ऩ‫ܗ‬᭄Ⳃ੠ศ䑿ศ㞖Ⳍ
↨䕗ᇥˈ㗠Ϩᔶ⢊㾘ᕟᗻ䕗Ꮒˈϡᅰ㞾ࡼ໘⧚DŽᇍѢศ䑿ˈศ㞖ˈศ乊੠ᑇ㸵㞖ⱘ䖲᥹໘
㒧ᵘ↨䕗໡ᴖˈ಴ℸ೼ศᴎᭈԧⱘ᳝䰤‫ߚܗ‬ᵤЁˈ䆹䚼ߚⱘ㒚㡖ϔὖ⬹এˈ䖭޴䚼ߚⱘ䖲
᥹ᇚ㒧⚍Ⳉ᥹Ꮧ㕂೼ϔ䍋ेৃ˄བ೒14.6᠔⼎˅DŽศ㞖੠ᑇ㸵㞖ⱘ ㋶䗝⫼ᴚӊऩ‫ܗ‬䖲᥹ˈ
䆹䚼ߚⱘᴚӊᡫᢝय़߮ᑺ㽕෎ᴀ੠䩶ϱ㓇߮ᑺϔ㟈ेৃDŽ

೒14.4 ศ乊㒧ᵘ⼎ᛣ೒ ೒14.5 ᑇ㸵㞖㒧ᵘ⼎ᛣ೒

503
 ㄀ゴศᓣ䍋䞡ᴎ䴭ࡼ࡯ߚᵤ

೒14.6 ศ䑿ˈศ乊ˈศ㞖੠ᑇ㸵㞖ⱘ䖲᥹㒚䚼೒

14.3 ศᴎ῵ൟফ࡯ߚᵤ

೼㒧ᵘⱘ࡯ᄺߚᵤЁˈศ䑿ˈศ㞖ᰃߚᵤⱘ䞡⚍䚼ߚDŽศ䑿জ⬅オ৥ⱘゟ᷅੠᭰৥㝍
ᴚᵘ៤ˈゟ᷅Џ㽕ᡓᢙオ৥ⱘ㥋䕑ˈ㝍ᴚ߭Џ㽕䜡ড়ゟ᷅ফ࡯ˈᅗЏ㽕೼ศ䑿ᡓফᡁ䕀ᯊ
থ᣹԰⫼˄བ೒14.7᠔⼎˅DŽ

೒14.7 ศᴎ৘Ͼ䚼ӊⱘফ࡯⡍ᕕ䇈ᯢ

504
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14.3.1 䚼ӊফ࡯⡍ᕕߚᵤ
ศ䑿೼オ৥⬅䆌໮Ͼᷛ‫ޚ‬㡖㒘៤˄བ೒14.2᠔⼎˅DŽศ㞖гᰃ⬅∈ᑇᮍ৥Ϟϔѯᷛ‫ޚ‬
㡖੠ϔ䚼ߚ䴲ᷛ‫ޚ‬㡖㒘៤ˈศ㞖ϔ㠀⬅3ḍⳈᴚ㒘៤ˈ乊䚼ϔḍ೚ᔶ៾䴶ᴚˈᑩ䚼⬅ϸḍぎ
ᖗⶽᔶ៾䴶ᴚ㒘៤ˈЁ䯈䖬᳝ϔѯ㝍ᴚ䖲᥹ˈ䖭ѯ㝍ᴚ໮Ў೚ᔶ៾䴶˄བ೒14.4᠔⼎˅DŽ
᭰ᢝ㋶᳝ᯊ᳝ϔḍˈ᳝ᯊ᳝ϸḍˈᅗӀЏ㽕Ңศ㞖Ё䯈䖲᥹ࠄศ乊ⱘ乊䚼DŽᑇ㸵㞖ϔ㠀⬅
ϸḍᴚҢ䜡䞡䖲᥹ࠄศ乊ˈศ乊߭ϔ㠀Ⳉ᥹䖲᥹೼ศ䑿乊䚼˄བ೒14.6᠔⼎˅DŽ

14.3.2 ៾䴶খ᭄ᅮН
῵ൟᮍ֓ˈ᠔᳝ᴚӊ䛑≵᳝㗗㰥ᵘӊⱘᅲ䰙៾䴶ᔶ⢊ˈাᰃᣝ✻៾䴶޴ԩখ᭄ᅮНᅲ
ᐌ᭄ⱘᮍᓣ䕧ܹᴚӊⱘ៾䴶޴ԩখ᭄DŽг᳝঺໪ϔ⾡ᮍ⊩ᴹ䕧ܹᴚӊⱘ៾䴶޴ԩখ᭄ˈᑊ
೼ऩ‫ⱘܗ‬⡍ᕕᰒ⼎Ёˈᰒ⼎ऩ‫ⱘܗ‬ᅲ䰙៾䴶ᔶ⢊ˈ䖭ህᰃぎ䯈ṕऩ‫ܗ‬Beam144ˈᅗৃҹ䗮
䖛Section៾䴶খ᭄ᅮНᴹ⹂ᅮ৘Ͼऩ‫៾ⱘܗ‬䴶ᔶ⢊੠ሎᇌˈℸᯊⱘऩ‫ܗ‬೼ᰒ⼎ᯊৃҹЎᅲ
䰙ⱘ៾䴶ᔶ⢊DŽᴀ⿟ᑣЎњᮍ֓䍋㾕ˈ≵᳝Փ⫼䖭Ͼࡳ㛑ˈҙҙ䗮䖛ऩ‫ܗ‬ᅲᐌ᭄ⱘᅮНᴹ
ᅮН៾䴶޴ԩখ᭄DŽ
ď1Đ൓ಆෳोᅘē൓Τ౨ຟ‫ئ‬ē൓Մໜᄆъರဈᄐࡅ200mmēΣ‫܈‬15mmԅࣂ໯ၕ‫ئ‬d
Շ࿌นԛ3फಬШ೴d
ď2Đ൓ΤຏຟઝЇ‫ئ‬ēۤ൓ΤЇੋؔ‫ئ‬ဈᄐࡅ60mmēΣ‫܈‬4mmԅࣂ໯ၕ‫ئ‬dՇ࿌นԛ
4फಬШ೴d
ď3Đ൓ಆઝഃ଼‫ئ‬ēໜᄆъರဈᄐࡅ100mmēΣ‫܈‬5mmԅࣂ໯ၕ‫ئ‬dՇ࿌นԛ5फಬ
Ш೴d
ď4Đ൓Մෳोᅘဈᄐࡅ250mmēΣ‫܈‬15mmԅࣂ໯ၕ‫ئ‬dՇ࿌นԛ6फಬШ೴d
ď5Đ൓Τຏຟෳ‫ئ‬ē‫އ‬ഃ଼۸ॣဈࣚ80mmē‫غ‬է200mmēΣ‫܈‬8mmԅࣂ໯ࡧ໹ࠉੋ
‫ئ‬dՇ࿌นԛ7फಬШ೴d
ď6Đໜࣸൌဈᄐࡅ50mmԅಬ໯ၕ‫ئ‬dՇ࿌นԛ8फಬШ೴d

14.3.3 㞾䞡㥋䕑੠䜡䞡
Ўњᑇ㸵䍋䞡ᴎⱘ䍋৞⠽䞡䞣ˈ೼ᑇ㸵㞖ԡ㕂Ꮧ㕂њ䜡⬉ǃࡼ࡯䚼ߚҹঞᑇ㸵䞡䚼ߚDŽ
Ўњߚᵤᮍ֓ˈ䖭䞠䗮䖛ᇚᑇ㸵㞖ⱘ៾䴶⿃ࡴ໻ˈՓ݊ᇍᭈϾศᴎⱘ䜡䞡Ϣॳ᳝䞡䞣Ⳍㄝ
ⱘᮍ⊩ˈㅔ࣪њᇍ䖭ϔ䚼ߚ䆒໛䞡䞣ⱘ䕧ܹDŽ

14.3.4 䗝⫼ড়䗖ⱘߚᵤ῵ൟDŽ
㱑✊ศᴎⱘ໻໮᭄ᴚӊЏ㽕ᡓ䕑䕈৥࡯ˈԚ೼ᅲ䰙ᡓ䕑ᯊӮߎ⦄݊Ҫ‫ˈ࡯ݙ‬བᔃⶽˈ
ᡁⶽ੠࠾࡯ˈҹঞ〇ᅮᗻDŽЎℸศᴎᴚӊ៾䴶໮Ўぎᖗ೚ᔶ៾䴶ˈ䖬᳝ぎᖗⶽᔶ˄Џ㽕⫼
Ѣศ㞖ⱘϟᓺᴚ˅੠݊Ҫϔѯൟ䩶DŽЎњ‫⹂ޚ‬䅵ㅫߎ৘⾡‫࡯ݙ‬ᇍศᴎᴚӊᑨ࡯ⱘᕅડˈศ

505
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ᴎ᳝䰤‫ߚܗ‬ᵤ㋏㒳ⱘऩ‫ܗ‬῵ൟ䗝⫼㗗㰥ᢝय़ˈᔃ᳆੠ᡁ䕀߮ᑺⱘぎ䯈ṕऩ‫ܗ‬DŽᅗ᠔ᡓফⱘ
㥋䕑ৃҹᰃߚᏗ೼ぎ䯈ⱘ䲚Ё࡯ˈߚᏗ࡯DŽ

14.3.5 ೎ᅮศ䑿ᑩ䚼ⱘ4Ͼ㡖⚍
䗮䖛ԡ⿏㑺ᴳDੑҸˈ೎ᅮᑩ䚼ⱘ4Ͼ㡖⚍ˈे1ˈ2ˈ3੠4ো㡖⚍ⱘ᠔᳝㞾⬅ᑺDŽ

14.4 ศᴎᓎ῵⿟ᑣ䆒䅵

ᴚӊⱘ៾䴶㉏ൟϔ㠀ᰃ䞛⫼ൟ䩶ˈぎᖗⶽᔶ੠ぎᖗ೚ᔶˈЎℸ೼ᅮНᴚӊ៾䴶޴ԩᗻ
䋼῵ൟᯊˈᑨ䆹䅵ㅫߎ៾䴶খ᭄ˈབAˈIxˈIyˈHˈBㄝˈৠᯊ䖬ᑨ䆹᳝ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EDŽ
ศ䑿੠ศ㞖ⱘ⡍ᕕখ᭄ࣙᣀ㒘៤ศ䑿੠ศ㞖ⱘ㒧⚍ֵᙃ੠ऩ‫ֵܗ‬ᙃˈ㒧⚍ֵᙃ᳝㒧⚍
ⷕ㓪ো੠㒧⚍ⷕതᷛؐDŽऩ‫ֵܗ‬ᙃࣙᣀऩ‫ⱘܗ‬㓪োˈ䆹ऩ‫ܗ‬ϸッⱘ㒧⚍ⷕˈ䆹ऩ‫ⱘܗ‬3োЏ
ᛃᗻ䕈ᮍԡˈҹঞ䆹ᴚӊⱘ៾䴶㉏ൟ㓪োDŽ

14.4.1 ศ䑿㡖⚍䅵ㅫ੠ऩ‫ܗ‬䖲᥹
⬅Ѣศ䑿⬅䆌໮Ͼᷛ‫ޚ‬㡖㒘៤ˈ↣Ͼᷛ‫ޚ‬㡖⬅ゟ᷅੠㝍ᴚᵘ៤ˈ↣Ͼᷛ‫ޚ‬㡖П䯈ⱘ䖲
᥹г䳔㽕䆒㕂Ў㒧⚍ˈे↣Ͼᷛ‫ޚ‬㡖ⱘゟ᷅ッ䚼г䆒㕂Ў㒧⚍DŽ
ศ䑿ᷛ‫ޚ‬㡖Ϟⱘ໪䚼4ḍᴚ䞛⫼㄀3㉏ᅲᐌ᭄ᅮНⱘ៾䴶㉏ൟ˄Ⳉᕘ200mmˈຕ८15mm
ⱘぎᖗ೚ᴚ˅DŽ∈ᑇᴚ੠᭰㝍ᴚ䞛⫼㄀5㉏ᅲᐌ᭄˄Ⳉᕘ60mmˈຕ८4mmⱘぎᖗ೚ᴚ˅DŽ
೒14.8㒭ߎⱘᰃศ䑿Ϟⱘ㄀ϔϾᷛ‫ޚ‬㡖ⱘ㡖⚍ԡ㕂੠ऩ‫ܗ‬䖲᥹ᚙ‫ˈމ‬೼Ⳍ䚏ϸϾᷛ‫ޚ‬
㡖П䯈᳝ϔϾЁ䯈㡖⚍˄བ೒14.8Ёⱘ21ˈ22ˈ23੠24˅ˈ䖲᥹Ⳍ䚏ⱘϸϾᷛ‫ޚ‬㡖DŽ݊ԭ
৘Ͼᷛ‫ޚ‬㡖ⱘᏗ㕂ᔶᓣ੠䖭ϔ㡖ᅠܼⳌৠˈҙҙᰃ㡖⚍ⱘതᷛԡ㕂ᑇ⿏ϔϾᷛ‫ޚ‬㡖催ᑺDŽ
䖭Ͼศᴎ݅⬅10Ͼབ೒14.2᠔⼎ⱘᷛ‫ޚ‬㡖㒘៤DŽ

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 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

೒14.8 ศ䑿ᷛ‫ޚ‬㡖ⱘ㡖⚍ԡ㕂੠ऩ‫ܗ‬䖲᥹

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 ㄀ゴศᓣ䍋䞡ᴎ䴭ࡼ࡯ߚᵤ

14.4.2 ศ乊ᓎ῵
೼ศ䑿ⱘϞ䴶ˈ䖲᥹ⱘᰃศ乊˄བ೒14.9᠔⼎˅DŽศ乊ⱘ乊䚼᳝䖲᥹ศ㞖੠ᑇ㸵㞖ⱘ
䩶ᢝᴚDŽศ㞖೼ศᴎぎ䕑៪㗙᳝৞䞡ᯊˈᡓফ䚼ߚ䩶ᢝᴚⱘᢝ࡯DŽ೒14.9㒭ߎⱘᰃศ乊ⱘ
㡖⚍Ꮧ㕂੠ऩ‫ܗ‬䖲᥹ᚙ‫ˈމ‬ᅗⱘϟ䴶੠㄀10Ͼᷛ‫ޚ‬㡖ⱘ㡖⚍Ⳍ䖲DŽᅗⱘ㄀ϔሖ㡖⚍໘ˈϔ
ջ䖲᥹ⴔศ㞖ˈ঺ϔջ䖲᥹ⴔᑇ㸵㞖˄བ೒14.15᠔⼎˅

೒14.9 ศ乊㡖⚍Ꮧ㕂੠ऩ‫ܗ‬䖲᥹

ศ乊໪ೈⱘᴚӊ៾䴶⿃䕗໻ˈҹᦤկ䎇໳ⱘᔎᑺ੠߮ᑺDŽศ乊໪䚼4ḍᴚ䞛⫼㄀6㉏ᅲ
ᐌ᭄ᅮНⱘ៾䴶㉏ൟ˄Ⳉᕘ250mmˈຕ८15mmⱘぎᖗ೚ᴚ˅DŽ᭰㝍ᴚ䞛⫼㄀3㉏ᅲᐌ᭄˄Ⳉ
ᕘ200mmˈຕ८15mmⱘぎᖗ೚ᴚ˅DŽ

14.4.3 ศ㞖ᓎ῵
ศ㞖ⱘᢧᠥ㒧ᵘ↨䕗ㅔऩˈϞᓺᴚˈϟᓺᴚ੠㝍ᴚⱘ᠔᳝㡖⚍ⱘ৘㞾YതᷛⳌৠDŽ䖭
ḋህ໻໻ഄᮍ֓њᇍ䖭ѯ㡖⚍തᷛⱘ䅵ㅫDŽৠᯊ೼䖲᥹ᮍᓣϞˈ䖭ѯᴚজ‫݋‬᳝ᕜᔎⱘⳌԐ
ᗻDŽ㱑✊೼ᅲ䰙ⱘศ෎䆒䅵Ёˈศ㞖ϞⱘϞᓺᴚˈϟᓺᴚ੠㝍ᴚⱘ៾䴶䴶⿃ᑊϡᰃⳌৠⱘˈ
䖭䞠Ўњᮍ֓ˈ৘㉏ᴚা䗝পњϔ⾡៾䴶ᔶᓣDŽ᠔ҹ೼䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰЁˈ⡍߿ᰃศ㞖ⱘ᭰ᢝ㋶
ԡ㕂ⱘ催ᑨ࡯ऎඳˈ೼䆒䅵ЁӮ䗮䖛ሔ䚼㸹ᔎ᥾ᮑᴹ䰡Ԣ䖭ϔ䚼ߚⱘ催ᑨ࡯DŽ
བ೒14.10᠔⼎ᰃศ㞖ⱘ㄀1ᓔྟ↉ˈᅗⱘেッ㡖⚍168੠169੠ศ乊ⱘ㄀1ሖϞⱘ䖭ϸϾ
㡖⚍Ⳍ䖲DŽབ೒14.11᠔⼎ᰃ㄀2↉੠㄀3↉ศ㞖ᷛ‫ޚ‬㡖DŽᭈϾศ㞖ⱘϟᓺᴚ䞛⫼㄀7㉏ᅲᐌ
᭄˄ᆑ80mmˈ催ᑺ200mmˈຕ८8mmⱘぎᖗⶽᔶ៾䴶˅ˈϟᓺⱘ‫ݙ‬䚼㝍ᴚ੠ջ䴶㝍ᴚ䞛
⫼㄀4㉏ᅲᐌ᭄˄Ⳉᕘ60mmˈຕ८4mmⱘぎᖗ೚ᴚ˅ˈϞᓺᴚ䞛⫼Ⳉᕘ200mmˈຕ८15mm
ⱘぎᖗ೚ᴚ˄㄀3㉏ᅲᐌ᭄˅DŽ

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 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

೒14.10 ศ㞖㡖⚍Ꮧ㕂੠ऩ‫ܗ‬䖲᥹˄䍋ྟ↉˅ ೒14.11 ศ㞖㄀2↉੠㄀3↉ᷛ‫ޚ‬㡖㡖⚍੠ऩ‫ܗ‬Ꮧ㕂

བ೒14.12᠔⼎ᰃ㄀4↉ศ㞖ᷛ‫ޚ‬㡖੠㄀5↉ศ㞖ᷛ‫ޚ‬㡖ⱘᓔྟ䚼ߚDŽ
བ೒14.13᠔⼎ᰃ㄀5↉ศ㞖ᷛ‫ޚ‬㡖੠㄀6↉ศ㞖ᷛ‫ޚ‬㡖ⱘᓔྟ䚼ߚDŽ

೒14.12 ศ㞖㄀4↉੠㄀5↉ᷛ‫ޚ‬㡖㡖⚍੠ऩ‫ܗ‬Ꮧ㕂 ೒14.13 ศ㞖㄀5↉੠㄀6↉ᷛ‫ޚ‬㡖㡖⚍੠ऩ‫ܗ‬

བ೒14.13᠔⼎ᰃ㄀6↉ศ㞖ᷛ‫ޚ‬㡖੠᳔ৢϔ↉ศ㞖DŽ䖭Ͼศ㞖ⱘᘏ݅↉᭄Ў7↉DŽ
ศ㞖ⱘ⡍ᕕখ᭄˖ศ㞖ⱘ㒧⚍੠ऩ‫ⷕܗ‬DŽ㒧⚍ⷕֵᙃᑨ䆹᳝㒧⚍ⷕ㓪ো੠㒧⚍ⷕതᷛ
ؐDŽऩ‫ֵܗ‬ᙃࣙᣀऩ‫ⱘܗ‬㓪োˈ䆹ऩ‫ܗ‬ϸッⱘ㒧⚍ⷕˈ䆹ऩ‫ⱘܗ‬3োЏᛃᗻ䕈ᮍԡˈҹঞ䆹
ᴚӊⱘ៾䴶㉏ൟ㓪োDŽ

14.4.4 ᑇ㸵㞖੠᭰ᢝ㋶ᓎ῵
ᑇ㸵㞖ⱘ㒧ᵘሑৃ㛑ഄㅔ࣪Ўབ೒14.15᠔⼎ⱘㅔऩ㒧ᵘDŽᴀᴹ೼ᑇ㸵㞖Ϟ䖬᳝䆌໮䰘
ࡴⱘৃҹㅔ࣪Ў䲚Ё䋼䞣ⱘ䚼ӊˈ䖭䞠ⱘㅔ࣪াᰃᇚ݊Џ㽕䋼䞣ㄝᬜDŽЎњ੠ॳ᳝ⱘ㒧ᵘ
䋼䞣෎ᴀㄝᬜˈ䖭䞠ⱘᑇ㸵㞖ⱘ៾䴶ሎᇌᬒ໻њ䆌໮‫ס‬DŽᑇ㸵㞖䚼ߚⱘ߮ᗻṕ䞛⫼催ᑺ
600mmˈᆑᑺ300mmˈ८ᑺ15mmⱘⶽᔶ៾䴶˄㄀9㉏ᅲᐌ᭄˅DŽ᭰ᢝ㋶⫼Ⳉᕘ50mmⱘᅲ

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ᖗ೚ᴚ˄㄀8㉏ᅲᐌ᭄˅DŽ
ศ䑿ˈศ乊ˈศ㞖੠ᑇ㸵㞖ⱘ䖲᥹བ೒14.15᠔⼎DŽ

೒14.14 ㄀6↉ศ㞖੠᳔ৢϔ↉ศ㞖㡖⚍੠ऩ‫ܗ‬ ೒14.15 ᑇ㸵㞖ⱘ㡖⚍Ꮧ㕂੠ऩ‫ܗ‬䖲᥹

14.5 ศᴎ䴭࡯ߚᵤ
ᔧ䕧ܹ䖭ѯᓎ῵ੑҸৢˈህᕫࠄњᭈϾศᴎ῵ൟDŽ೼䅵ㅫ㞾䞡԰⫼ϟⱘবᔶ੠‫࡯ݙ‬ᯊˈ
䳔㽕ᣛᅮ䞡࡯ࡴ䗳ᑺⱘؐDŽ⬅Ѣศ䑿ⱘᮍ৥೼Y䕈ᮍ৥ˈ㞾䞡䅵ㅫা䳔㽕ᅮН೼䞡࡯԰⫼
ᮍ৥ⱘ䞡࡯ࡴ䗳ᑺेৃDŽ䗮ᐌˈ䞡࡯ࡴ䗳ᑺⱘℷ䋳ؐ㑺ᅮᰃ⊓ⴔYᮍ৥ⱘؐЎℷˈ᠔ҹ䖭
䞠ⱘ䞡࡯ࡴ䗳ᑺᅮН⫼ĀAcel,0,9800,0āᴹᅠ៤DŽ
ᔧϡᣛᅮ݊Ҫӏԩ㥋䕑ᴵӊᯊˈ䅵ㅫ໘ⱘবᔶᰃぎ䕑Ꮉ‫މ‬DŽℸᯊศ㞖ⱘবᔶ੠‫࡯ݙ‬Џ
㽕ᰃ⬅Ѣ䜡䞡ᓩ䍋ⱘDŽ
೼᳝৞䞡ⱘᚙ‫މ‬ϟˈ᳔ᵕッᚙ‫މ‬ᰃ৞䞡೼䎱⾏ศ䑿᳔䖰ⱘԡ㕂ˈे೼ศ㞖ⱘッ䚼DŽ䖭
䞠ⱘ পᕫ᳔໻৞䞡Ў1000kgˈ䗮䖛ϸϾ䲚Ё࡯ᮑࡴ೼ϸϾ㡖⚍Ϟ˄326੠327ো㡖⚍˅DŽ
䴭࡯ߚᵤ㒧ᵰЏ㽕ᰃ৘Ͼᴚӊⱘ䕈৥࡯ˈᔃⶽ੠࠾࡯ߚᏗˈҹঞᅗӀড়៤ৢⱘ᳔໻ᢝ
ᑨ࡯੠᳔ᇣय़ᑨ࡯DŽϟ䴶㒭ߎⱘᰃᅠ៤䴭࡯ߚᵤⱘЏ㽕ℹ偸DŽ
(1) Շ࿌ԛ1ّ൓ಆγᅹࠋ౨ԅࠋԤd
߽⫼㡖⚍ᅮНੑҸĀNāৃҹᅠ៤ᇍᣛᅮ㡖⚍ⱘԡ㕂ᅮНDŽ⬅Ѣ↣Ͼᷛ‫ޚ‬㡖Ϟⱘ㡖⚍
ԡ㕂㾘ᕟᗻ䴲ᐌᔎˈ᠔ҹϟ䴶ⱘ˄2˅ࠄ˄10˅ℹߚ߿ᅮНњ㄀2Ͼศ䑿ᷛ‫ޚ‬㡖ϔⳈࠄ㄀10
Ͼศ䑿ᷛ‫ޚ‬㡖Ϟⱘ㡖⚍DŽ
(2) Շ࿌ԛ3ّ൓ಆγᅹࠋ౨ԅࠋԤd
(3) Շ࿌ԛ4ّ൓ಆγᅹࠋ౨ԅࠋԤd
(4) Շ࿌ԛ5ّ൓ಆγᅹࠋ౨ԅࠋԤd
(5) Շ࿌ԛ6ّ൓ಆγᅹࠋ౨ԅࠋԤd
(6) Շ࿌ԛ7ّ൓ಆγᅹࠋ౨ԅࠋԤd
(7) Շ࿌ԛ8ّ൓ಆγᅹࠋ౨ԅࠋԤd
(8) Շ࿌ԛ9ّ൓ಆγᅹࠋ౨ԅࠋԤd
(9) Շ࿌ԛ10ّ൓ಆγᅹࠋ౨ԅࠋԤd

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 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

(10) ൓ՄࠋԤd
⬅Ѣศ乊ⱘ㡖⚍෎ᴀ≵᳝ҔМ㾘ᕟৃ㿔ˈাᰃ㽕∖↣ḍᴚӊϞⱘ⚍ԡѢϔᴵⳈ㒓ϞDŽ
಴ℸ↣Ͼ㡖⚍ⱘ∈ᑇԡ㕂䅵ㅫ↨䕗໡ᴖDŽ
(11) ࢗಳՇ࿌൓ΤࠋԤd
ศ㞖㡖⚍ⱘ催ᑺതᷛY᳝ϸ⾡ؐˈϔ⾡ᰃ೼ศ㞖ⱘϟᓺᴚԡ㕂ˈ঺ϔ⾡ᰃ೼Ϟᓺᴚԡ
㕂ˈᑊϨϟᓺᴚⱘXതᷛᇍ⿄DŽЎњ֓Ѣߚ↉䅵ㅫ৘↉ⱘ㡖⚍ԡ㕂ˈ㄀˄13˅ℹࠄ㄀˄18˅
ℹߚ߿ᅮНњ㄀2↉ࠄ㄀7↉ศ㞖Ϟⱘ㡖⚍DŽ
(12) Շ࿌ԛ2խ൓ΤࠋԤd
(13) Շ࿌ԛ3խ൓ΤࠋԤd
(14) Շ࿌ԛ4խ൓ΤࠋԤd
(15) Շ࿌ԛ5խ൓ΤࠋԤd
(16) Շ࿌ԛ6խ൓ΤࠋԤd
(17) Շ࿌ԛ7խ(ᆫ‫)ࠋྡྷ܊‬൓ΤࠋԤd
(18) Շ࿌଼۹ᄷสᄢԅࠋԤd
ᑇ㸵㞖Ϟⱘ㡖⚍䅵ㅫ䴲ᐌㅔऩˈህᰃᣝ✻ॳᴹ῵ൟЁⱘᑇ㸵㞖䭓ᑺˈ೼ッ䚼Ꮧ㕂ϔϾ
ⶽᔶḚϞⱘ㡖⚍ˈ㸼⼎䜡䞡DŽ㒣䖛䖭ѯੑҸৢᕫࠄབ೒14.16᠔⼎ⱘ㡖⚍Ꮧ㕂ˈ䖭Ͼ೒ᰃ䗮
䖛ੑҸĀ/View,1,1,1,1ā䆒㕂ㄝ䕈⌟㾚⚍ৢˈ㾖ᆳࠄⱘ㡖⚍Ꮧ㕂DŽ

೒14.16 ศᴎ῵ൟϞⱘ㡖⚍Ꮧ㕂

(19) Շ࿌Ӧ၍फ໸ۤϫॸϵ೴d
೼ᅮНᅠ᠔᳝㡖⚍ৢˈህৃҹ䗮䖛ऩ‫ܗ‬ᅮНੑҸᅮН৘Ͼᴚӊऩ‫ⱘܗ‬䖲᥹ᚙ‫މ‬DŽ佪‫ܜ‬
⫼ऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟᅮНੑҸĀET, 1, BEAM4āᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬ᰃϝ㓈ṕऩ‫ܗ‬BEAM4DŽ䱣ৢ⫼ᴤ᭭
খ ᭄ ᅮ Н ੑ Ҹ Ā MP,EX,1,210E3 ā ᅮ Н ㄀ 1 ㉏ ᴤ ᭭ ⱘ ᔍ ᗻ ῵ 䞣 EX=210GPa DŽ ⫼
ĀMP,PRXY,1,0.3āᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨PRXY=0.3DŽ಴Ў䳔㽕䅵ㅫ㞾䞡԰⫼ϟⱘবᔶ੠
‫ˈ࡯ݙ‬ҹঞ῵ᗕߚᵤˈᖙ乏⫼ᴤ᭭খ᭄ᅮНੑҸĀMP,DENS,1,7800e12āᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭
3
ⱘᆚᑺDENS=7800 kg/m DŽ

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 ㄀ゴศᓣ䍋䞡ᴎ䴭ࡼ࡯ߚᵤ

⫼䅵ㅫศᴎ೼⊓ⴔYᮍ৥ⱘ䞡࡯԰⫼ϟⱘবᔶ੠‫ˈ࡯ݙ‬䳔㽕⫼ࡴ䗳ᑺᅮНੑҸ
2
ĀAcel,0,9800,0āᅮН⊓ⴔYᮍ৥ⱘ䞡࡯ࡴ䗳ᑺ9.8 m/s DŽ
᥹ϟᴹህ⫼ᅲᐌ᭄ᅮНੑҸĀR, 3, 4536, 2104e4, 2104e4, 200, 200, 0āᅮН⫼Ѣศ䑿໪
ゟ᷅ˈศ㞖Ϟᓺᴚˈศ乊᭰ᬃᩥⱘ៾䴶Ⳉᕘ200mmˈຕ८15mmⱘぎᖗ೚ᴚЎ㄀3㉏ᅲᐌ᭄ˈ
䖭䞠ⱘ៾䴶খ᭄ߚ߿ᰃ῾៾䴶䴶⿃ˈϸϾᮍ৥ⱘᡫᔃ᳆ᛃᗻⶽ੠ϸϾᮍ৥ⱘ៾䴶催ᑺDŽ
⫼ĀR, 4, 364, 1534, 1534, 60, 60, 0āᅮН㄀4㉏ᅲᐌ᭄ˈ⫼Ѣศ㞖ϟᓺ‫ݙ‬ᴚˈջ䴶ᴚˈ
Ⳉᕘ60mmˈຕ८4mmⱘぎᖗ೚ᴚDŽ⫼ĀR, 5, 766, 910540, 910540, 100, 100, 0āᅮН㄀5㉏
ᅲᐌ᭄ˈ⫼Ѣศ䑿‫ݙ‬ゟ᷅ˈ᭰ᬃᩥⱘⳈᕘЎ100mmˈຕ८5mmⱘぎᖗ೚ᴚDŽ⫼ĀR, 6, 5713,
4204e4, 4204e4, 250, 250āᅮН㄀6㉏ᅲᐌ᭄Ў⫼Ѣศ乊໪ゟ᷅ⱘⳈᕘЎ250mmˈຕ८15mm
ⱘぎᖗ೚ᴚDŽ
⫼ĀR, 7, 2176, 1087e4, 1087e4, 80, 200āᅮН㄀7㉏ᅲᐌ᭄ˈ⫼Ѣศ㞖ϟᓺ໪ᴚⱘᆑᑺ
80mmˈ催ᑺ200mmˈຕ८8mmⱘぎᖗⶽᔶ៾䴶DŽ⫼ĀR, 8, 1964, 306796, 306796, 50, 50ā
ᅮН㄀8㉏ᅲᐌ᭄Ў⫼Ѣ᭰ᢝ㋶ⱘⳈᕘЎ50mmⱘᅲᖗ೚ᴚDŽ
⫼ĀR, 9, 4656*6, 1.233e9, 1.233e9, 300, 600āᅮН㄀9㉏ᅲᐌ᭄ˈ⫼Ѣᑇ㸵㞖䚼ߚⱘ߮
ᗻṕˈ៾䴶催ᑺ600mmˈᆑᑺ300mmˈຕ८15mmⱘぎᖗⶽᔶ៾䴶DŽ
(20) Շ࿌ԘϦԛ1ّ൓ಆγᅹࠋԅෳࣟ‫ߑئ‬d
⫼ᅲᐌ᭄㉏ൟߛᤶੑҸĀReal, 3āᇚᔧࠡᅲᐌ᭄㉏ൟߛᤶЎ㄀3㉏ᅲᐌ᭄ˈेศ䑿໪ゟ
᷅ⱘⳈᕘ200mmˈຕ८15mmⱘぎᖗ೚ᴚDŽ✊ৢᅮНⱘऩ‫ܗ‬ህҹ䖭Ͼᅲᐌ᭄԰Ўᅗⱘ៾䴶DŽ
ҹϟⱘऩ‫ܗ‬䛑ᰃ䗮䖛ĀE,1,5ā䖛1ˈ5㡖⚍ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬ㄝㄝ䖭ḋⱘऩ‫ܗ‬ᅮНੑҸᴹᅠ៤ᇍ
৘Ͼऩ‫ⱘܗ‬ᅮНDŽℹ偸˄21˅ࠄ˄39˅ᰃᅮН10Ͼศ䑿ᷛ‫ޚ‬㡖ⱘੑҸDŽ
(21) Շ࿌ԘϦԛ1ّ൓ಆγᅹࠋԅໜࣸ‫ئ‬d
(22) Շ࿌ԘϦԛ2ّ൓ಆγᅹࠋԅෳࣟ‫ߑئ‬d
(23) Շ࿌ԘϦԛ2ّ൓ಆγᅹࠋԅໜࣸ‫ئ‬d
(24) Շ࿌ԘϦԛ3ّ൓ಆγᅹࠋԅෳࣟ‫ߑئ‬d
(25) Շ࿌ԘϦԛ3ّ൓ಆγᅹࠋԅໜࣸ‫ئ‬d
(26) Շ࿌ԘϦԛ4ّ൓ಆγᅹࠋԅෳࣟ‫ߑئ‬d
(27) Շ࿌ԘϦԛ4ّ൓ಆγᅹࠋԅໜࣸ‫ئ‬d
(28) Շ࿌ԘϦԛ5ّ൓ಆγᅹࠋԅෳࣟ‫ߑئ‬d
(29) Շ࿌ԘϦԛ5ّ൓ಆγᅹࠋԅໜࣸ‫ئ‬d
(30) Շ࿌ԘϦԛ6ّ൓ಆγᅹࠋԅෳࣟ‫ߑئ‬d
(31) Շ࿌ԘϦԛ6ّ൓ಆγᅹࠋԅໜࣸ‫ئ‬d
(32) Շ࿌ԘϦԛ7ّ൓ಆγᅹࠋԅෳࣟ‫ߑئ‬d
(33) Շ࿌ԘϦԛ7ّ൓ಆγᅹࠋԅໜࣸ‫ئ‬d
(34) Շ࿌ԘϦԛ8ّ൓ಆγᅹࠋԅෳࣟ‫ߑئ‬d
(35) Շ࿌ԘϦԛ8ّ൓ಆγᅹࠋԅໜࣸ‫ئ‬d
(36) Շ࿌ԘϦԛ9ّ൓ಆγᅹࠋԅෳࣟ‫ߑئ‬d
(37) Շ࿌ԘϦԛ9ّ൓ಆγᅹࠋԅໜࣸ‫ئ‬d
(38) Շ࿌ԘϦԛ10ّ൓ಆγᅹࠋԅෳࣟ‫ߑئ‬d
(39) Շ࿌ԘϦԛ10ّ൓ಆγᅹࠋԅໜࣸ‫ئ‬d

512
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

(40) ൓Մᄯ޷ؔ‫ئ‬d
Ң䖭Ͼℹ偸ᓔྟᅮНศ乊ⱘᴚӊऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ佪‫ܜ‬ᅮНⱘᰃศ乊Ё䯈㝍ᴚˈ䱣ৢᅮНⱘᰃศ
乊໪ջⱘ4ḍᴚDŽ
(41) ൓ՄෳЇങᄻ‫ئ‬d
(42) ࢗಳՇ࿌ԛ1խ൓Τ‫ߑئ‬d
Ң䖭ϔℹ偸ᓔྟᅮНศ㞖Ϟⱘऩ‫ˈܗ‬Ўњ֓Ѣᇍ✻৘Ͼऩ‫ⱘܗ‬ᅮНˈᣝ✻↣Ͼศ㞖㡖
੠݊Ёⱘϡৠⱘᴚӊ㉏ൟᴹᅮНⱘDŽ
(43) ൓Τۤ൓ಆອॕԅ०ّ‫ئ‬d
(44) Շ࿌ԛ2խ൓Τۤԛ1խԅॕࠄϦ‫ד‬d
(45) Շ࿌ԛ2խ൓Τd
(46) Շ࿌ԛ3խ൓Τۤԛ2խԅॕࠄխd
(47) Շ࿌ԛ3խ൓Τd
(48) Շ࿌ԛ4խ൓Τۤԛ3խԅॕࠄխd
(49) Շ࿌ԛ4խ൓Τd
(50) Շ࿌ԛ5խ൓Τۤԛ4խԅॕࠄխd
(51) Շ࿌ԛ5խ൓Τd
(52) Շ࿌ԛ6խ൓Τۤԛ5խԅॕࠄխd
(53) Շ࿌ԛ6խ൓Τd
(54) Շ࿌ԛ7խ൓Τۤԛ6խԅॕࠄխd
(55) Շ࿌ԛ7խďᆫ‫ྡྷ܊‬խĐ൓Τd
(56) Շ࿌ໜࣸൌd
ၽՇ࿌෻юໜࣸൌ‫܊‬ēຏྡྷϤࢗಳՇ࿌଼۹Τēᆫ‫܊‬ၼՇ࿌଼۹Τ౨ԅໜࣸൌd
(57) Շ࿌଼۹ΤϦ‫ד‬d
(58) Շ࿌଼۹ΤϦ‫ד‬ԅໜࣸൌd࠼‫ڶ‬უ໔ߙ੦੡গ‫܊‬ԄӾఢ෍14.17ൎವԅ൓‫ݯ‬ပຫ၍
੦໸d
(ಠަԘϦสྭၟ೯d
ᅮНᅠ៤ᭈϾ῵ൟˈህ㽕‫ޚ‬໛∖㾷њDŽ೼∖㾷Пࠡˈ䳔㽕ᅮН㒧ᵘⱘԡ⿏㑺ᴳ੠㥋䕑
ᴵӊDŽᇍѢศᴎⱘԡ⿏㑺ᴳˈা䳔㽕ᇚᑩ䚼ⱘ4Ͼ㡖⚍೎ᅮDŽᇍѢ᳝৞䞡㥋䕑԰⫼ᚙ‫ˈމ‬䳔
㽕⫼㡖⚍࡯ᅮНੑҸĀF,326,fy,5000ā੠ĀF,327,fy,5000ā೼326੠327㡖⚍Ϟᮑࡴ䲚Ё
࡯㥋䕑DŽ
㒣䖛䖭ѯᓎ῵ੑҸᑊᮑࡴᑩ䚼ԡ⿏㑺ᴳ੠ศ㞖ッ䚼䲚Ё࡯ৢⱘศᴎ῵ൟབ೒14.17᠔
⼎DŽศ䑿ᑩ䚼ⱘㆁ༈㸼⼎೎ᅮ㒓ԡ⿏੠㾦ԡ⿏ⱘ㑺ᴳˈ⬅ϔϾ৥Ϟⱘ㑶㡆ㆁ༈㸼⼎ˈ԰⫼
೼ᭈϾ㒧ᵘϞⱘ䞡࡯ࡴ䗳ᑺᮍ৥DŽᎺջศ㞖ッ䚼ⱘϸϾ㑶㡆ㆁ༈㸼⼎ϸϾ䲚Ё࡯DŽ
(60) ࠩదௐࠓ੦ࣖௐࠓd
⫼Ā/soluāੑҸ䖯ܹ∖㾷῵ഫˈ⫼ĀsolveāੑҸᓔྟ∖㾷DŽ
(61) ࠩద‫҉܊‬स੦ࣖມವࠒ‫ڴ‬d
⫼Ā/post1āੑҸ䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫৢˈ⫼೒ᔶᰒ⼎বᔶ೒ੑҸĀpldisp,2āᰒ⼎বᔶ
ৢⱘศᴎ῵ൟDŽศᴎぎ䕑ᯊⱘবᔶ೒˄བ೒14.18᠔⼎˅DŽศᴎ᳝ศ㞖ッ䚼᳔໻৞䞡ᯊⱘব
ᔶ೒˄བ೒14.19᠔⼎˅DŽ

513
 ㄀ゴศᓣ䍋䞡ᴎ䴭ࡼ࡯ߚᵤ

೒14.17 ᮑࡴᑩ䚼ԡ⿏㑺ᴳ੠ศ㞖ッ䚼䲚Ё࡯ৢⱘศᴎ῵ൟ

೒14.18 ぎ䕑ᚙ‫މ‬ϟⱘศᴎবᔶ೒

೒14.19 ೼ศ㞖ッ䚼᳔᳝໻৞䞡ⱘศᴎবᔶ೒

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 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

ЎњᦤপศᴎϞ৘Ͼᴚӊⱘ‫࡯ݙ‬໻ᇣˈ䳔㽕䗮䖛ऩ‫ܗ‬㸼ੑҸᅮН䳔㽕໘⧚ⱘऩ‫ܗ‬㒧ᵰDŽ
佪‫⫼ܜ‬ĀEtable, LS1,ls,1ā⫼䍋ྟッⱘ䕈৥ᑨ࡯SDIRᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬㸼LS1DŽĀEtable,LS2,ls,2ā
⫼䍋ྟッⱘ+Yϔջᔃ᳆ᑨ࡯SBYT ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬㸼LS2DŽĀEtable,LS3,ls,3ā⫼䍋ྟッⱘYϔջ
ᔃ᳆ᑨ࡯SBYBᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬㸼LS3DŽĀEtable,LS4,ls,4ā⫼䍋ྟッⱘ+Zϔջᔃ᳆ᑨ࡯SBZTᅮН
ऩ‫ܗ‬㸼LS4DŽĀEtable,LS5,ls,5ā⫼䍋ྟッⱘZϔջᔃ᳆ᑨ࡯SBZBᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬㸼LS5DŽ
Ўњ֓Ѣᦤপ↣Ͼऩ‫ⱘܗ‬䞡䞣ˈᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬㸼ੑҸĀEtable,V,Voluā⫼ऩ‫ܗ‬ԧ⿃ᅮНऩ
‫ܗ‬㸼VDŽ᳔ৢⱘĀEtable,smax,NMISC,1ā⫼䍋ྟッⱘ᳔໻ᢝᑨ࡯ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬㸼smaxDŽĀEtable,
smin, NMISC,2ā⫼䍋ྟッⱘ᳔໻य़ᑨ࡯ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬㸼sminDŽ
⫼೒ᔶᰒ⼎ऩ‫ܗ‬㸼ੑҸĀPletab,LS1āᕫࠄབ೒14.20᠔⼎ⱘऩ‫ܗ‬ᢝᑨ࡯ߚᏗˈҢ೒Ё
ৃҹⳟߎˈ᳔໻ᢝᑨ࡯੠᳔໻य़ᑨ࡯ഛߎ⦄೼ศ㞖Ё䚼ⱘ᭰ᢝ㋶ⱘ䖲᥹⚍䰘䖥ˈ䇈ᯢ೼䖭
Ͼऎඳᑨ࡯๲ࡴᴚӊⱘ῾៾䴶䴶⿃DŽ

೒14.20 ศᴎ῵ൟЁऩ‫ܗ‬ᢝᑨ࡯䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰⱘ೒ᔶᰒ⼎

⫼߫㸼ᰒ⼎ऩ‫ݙܗ‬ᆍⱘੑҸĀpretab,LS1,LS2,LS3,LS4,LS5,smax,smināᰒ⼎ऩ‫ܗ‬㸼LS1ˈ
LS2ˈLS3ˈLS4ˈLS5ˈsmax੠sminⱘ‫ݙ‬ᆍDŽᕫࠄབ೒14.21੠೒14.22᠔⼎ⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰˈ೒
14.21ᰃࠡ䴶10Ͼऩ‫ⱘܗ‬䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰˈ೒14.22ᰃৢ䴶޴Ͼऩ‫ⱘܗ‬㒧ᵰ੠৘乍㒧ᵰⱘ᳔໻ؐ੠᳔
ᇣؐҹঞߎ⦄䖭ѯᵕؐⱘऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ

೒14.21 ศᴎ῵ൟЁ䚼ߚऩ‫ܗ‬ᑨ࡯䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ

515
 ㄀ゴศᓣ䍋䞡ᴎ䴭ࡼ࡯ߚᵤ

Ң᳔໻ؐ੠᳔ᇣؐⱘߚᏗᚙ‫˄މ‬བ೒14.22᠔⼎˅ৃҹⳟߎˈ᳔໻ᢝᑨ࡯੠᳔໻य़ᑨ࡯
ߚ߿ㄝѢ54.88MPa੠58.71MPaˈߎ⦄೼ศ㞖੠᭰ᢝ㋶ⱘ䖲᥹ԡ㕂䰘䖥DŽሔ䚼ⱘ᳔໻ᢝᑨ
࡯䖒ࠄ150.90MPaˈߎ⦄೼ศ㞖ッ䚼ⱘ819ো㝍ᴚϞˈ᳔໻य़࡯Ў152.81MPaˈߎ⦄೼ศ㞖
ᓔྟ↉ⱘࠡ䴶ϸϾ᭰ᴚϞDŽ

೒14.22 ศᴎ῵ൟЁऩ‫ܗ‬ᑨ࡯㒧ᵰⱘ᳔໻ؐ੠᳔ᇣؐ

ᇍѢぎ䕑ᚙ‫ⱘމ‬ᑨ࡯ߚᵤˈৃҹᇚϸϾ䲚Ё࡯ߴএˈᣝ✻ࠡ䴶ⱘߚᵤℹ偸ेৃᅠ៤DŽ

14.6 ศᴎ῵ᗕߚᵤ

῵ᗕߚᵤা䳔㽕ᣛᅮߚᵤ㉏ൟᰃ῵ᗕߚᵤˈ✊ৢᅮН䳔㽕ⱘ῵ᗕ䰊᭄੠ⶽ䰉⡍ᕕؐ∖
㾷ᮍ⊩ˈህৃҹᓔྟ῵ᗕߚᵤⱘ∖㾷њDŽ䆺㒚ҷⷕ㾕⿟ᑣЁⱘ㄀˄65˅ℹDŽ㒣䖛῵ᗕߚᵤ
ৢˈᕫࠄབ㸼14.1᠔⼎ⱘ乥⥛䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰDŽ

㸼14.1 ศᓣ䍋䞡ᴎ῵ᗕߚᵤⱘ乥⥛䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
乥 ⥛ 䰊 ᭄ 乥 ⥛ 㒧 ᵰ
1 0.25392
2 0.57813
3 0.64187
4 1.6392
5 1.9569

᠔᳝ⱘᤃൟৃҹ⫼ PLDISP㾖ᆳˈ៪㗙⫼ANMODEੑҸࠊ԰៤ࡼ⬏ᰒ⼎ᤃࡼ῵ᗕDŽ
AnmodeੑҸⱘৢ䴶ৃҹᅮН᠔Փ⫼ⱘⱘᏻ᭄੠↣ᏻП䯈ⱘ䯈䱨ᯊ䯈DŽ↨བĀANMODE,8,
0.2ā㸼⼎䯈䱨0.2⾦䩳ˈ⫳៤8ᏻ೒‫ڣ‬ᴹᦣ䗄ᤃൟDŽ
৘䰊ᤃൟⱘߛᤶৃҹ⫼ĀSET,FirstāˈĀSet,NextāˈĀSet,Prevā੠ĀSet,Lastāㄝੑ
Ҹˈгৃҹ⫼ĀSET,1,1ā˄ᣛᅮ㄀1䰊῵ᗕ˅ˈĀSet,1,2ā˄ᣛᅮ㄀2䰊˅ㄝੑҸDŽ䆺㒚⿟

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 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

ᑣ㾕㄀˄66˅ℹDŽ㒣䖛䖭ѯৢ໘⧚⿟ᑣˈᕫࠄབ೒14.23ࠄ೒14.27᠔⼎ⱘᤃൟDŽ
⫼ĀSet,Firstāৃҹ㦋ᕫ㄀1䰊ศᴎ㒩ศ䑿೼∈ᑇ䴶‫ݙ‬ᡁ䕀ᤃࡼⱘ῵ᗕ˄བ೒14.23᠔⼎˅DŽ
ᤃࡼ乥⥛Ў0.2539Hzˈ䇈ᯢᅗ೼㒩ศ䑿ⱘ߮ᑺ‫أ‬ᇣDŽ

೒14.23 ศᴎ㞾⬅ᤃࡼⱘ㄀1䰊ᤃൟ

⫼ĀSet,1,2āৃҹ㦋ᕫ㄀2䰊ศᴎ㒩೎ᅮ⚍೼ࠡৢᔃ᳆ᤃࡼⱘ῵ᗕ˄བ೒14.24᠔⼎˅ˈ
ᤃࡼ乥⥛Ў0.578HzDŽ

೒14.24 ศᴎ㞾⬅ᤃࡼⱘ㄀2䰊ᤃൟ

517
 ㄀ゴศᓣ䍋䞡ᴎ䴭ࡼ࡯ߚᵤ

⫼ĀSet,1,3āৃҹ㦋ᕫ㄀3䰊ศᴎ㒩೎ᅮ⚍Ꮊেᨚࡼⱘᤃࡼ῵ᗕ˄བ೒14.25᠔⼎˅DŽᤃ
ࡼ乥⥛Ў0.642HzDŽ

೒14.25 ศᴎ㞾⬅ᤃࡼⱘ㄀3䰊ᤃൟ

⫼ĀSet,1,4āৃҹ㦋ᕫ㄀4䰊ศ㞖੠ᑇ㸵㞖㒩ศ䑿ࠡৢᔃ᳆ᤃࡼⱘ῵ᗕ
˄བ೒14.26᠔⼎˅DŽ
ᤃࡼ乥⥛Ў1.639HzDŽ

೒14.26 ศᴎ㞾⬅ᤃࡼⱘ㄀4䰊ᤃൟ

⫼ĀSet,Lastāৃҹ㦋ᕫ᳔ৢϔ䰊㄀5䰊ศ㞖੠ᑇ㸵㞖೼∈ᑇ䴶‫ݙ‬ᔃⶽᤃࡼⱘ῵ᗕ˄བ
೒14.27᠔⼎˅DŽᤃࡼ乥⥛Ў1.957HzDŽ

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 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

೒14.27 ศᴎ㞾⬅ᤃࡼⱘ㄀5䰊ᤃൟ

14.7 ศᴎ䴭ࡼ࡯ߚᵤ⿟ᑣ
FINISH
/CLEAR
/TITLE, QTZ25 TOWER CRANE
/FILENAME, QTZ25
/PREP7
!(1) ᅮН㄀1Ͼศ䑿ᷛ‫ޚ‬㡖Ϟⱘ㡖⚍
N, 1, 650, 0, -650 $ N, 2, 650, 0, 650 $ N, 3, -650, 0, 650
N, 4, -650, 0, -650 $ N, 5, 650, 100, -650 $ N, 6, 650, 100, 650
N, 7, -650, 100, 650 $ N, 8, -650, 100, -650 $ N, 9, 650, 1200, -650
N, 10, 650, 1200, 650 $ N, 11, -650, 1200, 650 $ N, 12, -650,
1200, -650
N, 13, 650, 2300, -650 $ N, 14, 650, 2300, 650
N, 15, -650, 2300, 650 $ N, 16, -650, 2300, -650
N, 17, 650, 2400, -650 $ N, 18, 650, 2400, 650
N, 19, -650, 2400, 650 $ N, 20, -650, 2400, -650
!(2) ᅮН㄀2Ͼศ䑿ᷛ‫ޚ‬㡖Ϟⱘ㡖⚍
N, 21, 650, 2500, -650 $ N, 22, 650, 2500, 650
N, 23, -650, 2500, 650 $ N, 24, -650, 2500, -650
N, 25, 650, 3600, -650 $ N, 26, 650, 3600, 650
N, 27, -650, 3600, 650 $ N, 28, -650, 3600, -650
N, 29, 650, 4700, -650 $ N, 30, 650, 4700, 650
N, 31, -650, 4700, 650 $ N, 32, -650, 4700, -650
N, 33, 650, 4800, -650 $ N, 34, 650, 4800, 650

519
 ㄀ゴศᓣ䍋䞡ᴎ䴭ࡼ࡯ߚᵤ

N, 35, -650, 4800, 650 $ N, 36, -650, 4800, -650

!(3) ᅮН㄀3Ͼศ䑿ᷛ‫ޚ‬㡖Ϟⱘ㡖⚍
N, 37, 650, 4900, -650 $ N, 38, 650, 4900, 650
N, 39, -650, 4900, 650 $ N, 40, -650, 4900, -650
N, 41, 650, 6000, -650 $ N, 42, 650, 6000, 650
N, 43, -650, 6000, 650 $ N, 44, -650, 6000, -650
N, 45, 650, 7100, -650 $ N, 46, 650, 7100, 650
N, 47, -650, 7100, 650 $ N, 48, -650, 7100, -650
N, 49, 650, 7200, -650 $ N, 50, 650, 7200, 650
N, 51, -650, 7200, 650 $ N, 52, -650, 7200, -650
!(4) ᅮН㄀4Ͼศ䑿ᷛ‫ޚ‬㡖Ϟⱘ㡖⚍
N, 53, 650, 7300, -650 $ N, 54, 650, 7300, 650
N, 55, -650, 7300, 650 $ N, 56, -650, 7300, -650
N, 57, 650, 8400, -650 $ N, 58, 650, 8400, 650
N, 59, -650, 8400, 650 $ N, 60, -650, 8400, -650
N, 61, 650, 9500, -650 $ N, 62, 650, 9500, 650
N, 63, -650, 9500, 650 $ N, 64, -650, 9500, -650
N, 65, 650, 9600, -650 $ N, 66, 650, 9600, 650
N, 67, -650, 9600, 650 $ N, 68, -650, 9600, -650
!(5) ᅮН㄀5Ͼศ䑿ᷛ‫ޚ‬㡖Ϟⱘ㡖⚍
N, 69, 650, 9700, -650 $ N, 70, 650, 9700, 650
N, 71, -650, 9700, 650 $ N, 72, -650, 9700, -650
N, 73, 650, 10800, -650 $ N, 74, 650, 10800, 650
N, 75, -650, 10800, 650 $ N, 76, -650, 10800, -650
N, 77, 650, 11900, -650 $ N, 78, 650, 11900, 650
N, 79, -650, 11900, 650 $ N, 80, -650, 11900, -650
N, 81, 650, 12000, -650 $ N, 82, 650, 12000, 650
N, 83, -650, 12000, 650 $ N, 84, -650, 12000, -650
!(6) ᅮН㄀6Ͼศ䑿ᷛ‫ޚ‬㡖Ϟⱘ㡖⚍
N, 85, 650, 12100, -650 $ N, 86, 650, 12100, 650
N, 87, -650, 12100, 650 $ N, 88, -650, 12100, -650
N, 89, 650, 13200, -650 $ N, 90, 650, 13200, 650
N, 91, -650, 13200, 650 $ N, 92, -650, 13200, -650
N, 93, 650, 14300, -650 $ N, 94, 650, 14300, 650
N, 95, -650, 14300, 650 $ N, 96, -650, 14300, -650
N, 97, 650, 14400, -650 $ N, 98, 650, 14400, 650
N, 99, -650, 14400, 650 $ N, 100, -650, 14400, -650
!(7) ᅮН㄀7Ͼศ䑿ᷛ‫ޚ‬㡖Ϟⱘ㡖⚍
N, 101, 650, 14500, -650 $ N, 102, 650, 14500, 650
N, 103, -650, 14500, 650 $ N, 104, -650, 14500, -650
N, 105, 650, 15600, -650 $ N, 106, 650, 15600, 650
N, 107, -650, 15600, 650 $ N, 108, -650, 15600, -650
N, 109, 650, 16700, -650 $ N, 110, 650, 16700, 650
N, 111, -650, 16700, 650 $ N, 112, -650, 16700, -650

520
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

N, 113, 650, 16800, -650 $ N, 114, 650, 16800, 650

N, 115, -650, 16800, 650 $ N, 116, -650, 16800, -650
!(8) ᅮН㄀8Ͼศ䑿ᷛ‫ޚ‬㡖Ϟⱘ㡖⚍
N, 117, 650, 16900, -650 $ N, 118, 650, 16900, 650
N, 119, -650, 16900, 650 $ N, 120, -650, 16900, -650
N, 121, 650, 18000, -650 $ N, 122, 650, 18000, 650
N, 123, -650, 18000, 650 $ N, 124, -650, 18000, -650
N, 125, 650, 19100, -650 $ N, 126, 650, 19100, 650
N, 127, -650, 19100, 650 $ N, 128, -650, 19100, -650
N, 129, 650, 19200, -650 $ N, 130, 650, 19200, 650
N, 131, -650, 19200, 650 $ N, 132, -650, 19200, -650
!(9) ᅮН㄀9Ͼศ䑿ᷛ‫ޚ‬㡖Ϟⱘ㡖⚍
N, 133, 650, 19300, -650 $ N, 134, 650, 19300, 650
N, 135, -650, 19300, 650 $ N, 136, -650, 19300, -650
N, 137, 650, 20400, -650 $ N, 138, 650, 20400, 650
N, 139, -650, 20400, 650 $ N, 140, -650, 20400, -650
N, 141, 650, 21500, -650 $ N, 142, 650, 21500, 650
N, 143, -650, 21500, 650 $ N, 144, -650, 21500, -650
N, 145, 650, 21600, -650 $ N, 146, 650, 21600, 650
N, 147, -650, 21600, 650 $ N, 148, -650, 21600, -650
!(10) ᅮН㄀10Ͼศ䑿ᷛ‫ޚ‬㡖Ϟⱘ㡖⚍
N, 149, 650, 21700, -650 $ N, 150, 650, 21700, 650
N, 151, -650, 21700, 650 $ N, 152, -650, 21700, -650
N, 153, 650, 22800, -650 $ N, 154, 650, 22800, 650
N, 155, -650, 22800, 650 $ N, 156, -650, 22800, -650
N, 157, 650, 23900, -650 $ N, 158, 650, 23900, 650
N, 159, -650, 23900, 650 $ N, 160, -650, 23900, -650
N, 161, 650, 24000, -650 $ N, 162, 650, 24000, 650
N, 163, -650, 24000, 650 $ N, 164, -650, 24000, -650
!(11) ศ乊㡖⚍
N, 165, 0, 25000, -500 $ N, 166, 0, 25000, 500
N, 167, 500, 25000, -500 $ N, 168, 500, 25000, 500
N, 169, -500, 25000, 500 $ N, 170, -500, 25000, -500
N, 171, 450, 25868.67, -450 $ N, 172, 450, 25911.67, 450
N, 173, -450, 25911.67, 450 $ N, 174, -450, 25868.67, -450
N, 175, 400, 26737.33, -400 $ N, 176, 400, 26823.33, 400
N, 177, -400, 26823.33, 400 $ N, 178, -400, 26737.33, -400
N, 179, 350, 27606, -350 $ N, 180, 350, 27735, 350
N, 181, -350, 27735, 350 $ N, 182, -350, 27606, -350
N, 183, 300, 28474.67, -300 $ N, 184, 300, 28646.67, 300
N, 185, -300, 28646.67, 300 $ N, 186, -300, 28474.67, -300
N, 187, 250, 29343.33, -250 $ N, 188, 250, 29558.33, 250
N, 189, -250, 29558.33, 250 $ N, 190, -250, 29343.33, -250
N, 191, 200, 30212, -200 $ N, 192, 200, 30470, 200

521
 ㄀ゴศᓣ䍋䞡ᴎ䴭ࡼ࡯ߚᵤ

N, 193, -200, 30470, 200 $ N, 194, -200, 30212, -200

!(12) ᓔྟᅮНศ㞖㡖⚍
N, 195, -500, 25000, 600 $ N, 196, 500, 25000, 600
N, 197, -500, 25000, 1415 $ N, 198, 500, 25000, 1415
N, 199, 0, 26000, 1893 $ N, 200, -500, 25000, 2370
N, 201, 500, 25000, 2370 $ N, 202, 0, 26000, 2848
N, 203, -500, 25000, 3032.5 $ N, 204, 500, 25000, 3032.5
N, 205, 0, 26000, 3248 $ N, 206, -500, 25000, 3577.5
N, 207, 500, 25000, 3577.5 $ N, 208, 0, 26000, 4055
N, 209, -500, 25000, 4532.5 $ N, 210, 500, 25000, 4532.5
N, 211, 0, 26000, 5010 $ N, 212, -500, 25000, 5487.5
N, 213, 500, 25000, 5487.5 $ N, 214, 0, 26000, 5487.5
!(13) ᅮН㄀2↉ศ㞖㡖⚍
N, 215, -500, 25000, 5600 $ N, 216, 500, 25000, 5600
N, 217, 0, 26000, 5712.5 $ N, 218, -500, 25000, 5712.5
N, 219, 500, 25000, 5712.5 $ N, 220, 0, 26000, 6190
N, 221, -500, 25000, 6667.5 $ N, 222, 500, 25000, 6667.5
N, 223, 0, 26000, 7145 $ N, 224, -500, 25000, 7622.5
N, 225, 500, 25000, 7622.5 $ N, 226, 0, 26000, 8100
N, 227, -500, 25000, 8577.5 $ N, 228, 500, 25000, 8577.5
N, 229, 0, 26000, 9055 $ N, 230, -500, 25000, 9532.5
N, 231, 500, 25000, 9532.5 $ N, 232, 0, 26000, 10010
N, 233, -500, 25000, 10487.5 $ N, 234, 500, 25000, 10487.5
N, 235, 0, 26000, 10487.5
!(14) ᅮН㄀3↉ศ㞖㡖⚍
N, 236, -500, 25000, 10600 $ N, 237, 500, 25000, 10600
N, 238, 0, 26000, 10712.5 $ N, 239, -500, 25000, 10712.5
N, 240, 500, 25000, 10712.5 $ N, 241, 0, 26000, 11190
N, 242, -500, 25000, 11667.5 $ N, 243, 500, 25000, 11667.5
N, 244, 0, 26000, 12145 $ N, 245, -500, 25000, 12622.5
N, 246, 500, 25000, 12622.5 $ N, 247, 0, 26000, 13100
N, 248, -500, 25000, 13577.5 $ N, 249, 500, 25000, 13577.5
N, 250, 0, 26000, 14055 $ N, 251, -500, 25000, 14532.5
N, 252, 500, 25000, 14532.5 $ N, 253, 0, 26000, 15010
N, 254, -500, 25000, 15487.5 $ N, 255, 500, 25000, 15487.5
N, 256, 0, 26000, 15487.5 $ N, 257, -500, 25000, 15600
!(15) ᅮН㄀4↉ศ㞖㡖⚍
N, 258, 500, 25000, 15600 $ N, 259, 0, 26000, 15712.5
N, 260, -500, 25000, 15712.5 $ N, 261, 500, 25000, 15712.5
N, 262, 0, 26000, 16190 ! 䖲᥹᭰ᢝ㋶ⱘ㡖⚍
N, 263, -500, 25000, 16667.5 $ N, 264, 500, 25000, 16667.5
N, 265, 0, 26000, 17145 $ N, 266, -500, 25000, 17622.5
N, 267, 500, 25000, 17622.5 $ N, 268, 0, 26000, 18100
N, 269, -500, 25000, 18577.5 $ N, 270, 500, 25000, 18577.5

522
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

N, 271, 0, 26000, 19055 $ N, 272, -500, 25000, 19532.5

N, 273, 500, 25000, 19532.5 $ N, 274, 0, 26000, 20010
N, 275, -500, 25000, 20487.5 $ N, 276, 500, 25000, 20487.5
N, 277, 0, 26000, 20487.5
!(16) ᅮН㄀5↉ศ㞖㡖⚍
N, 278, -500, 25000, 20600 $ N, 279, 500, 25000, 20600
N, 280, 0, 26000, 20712.5 $ N, 281, -500, 25000, 20712.5
N, 282, 500, 25000, 20712.5 $ N, 283, 0, 26000, 21190
N, 284, -500, 25000, 21667.5 $ N, 285, 500, 25000, 21667.5
N, 286, 0, 26000, 22145 $ N, 287, -500, 25000, 22622.5
N, 288, 500, 25000, 22622.5 $ N, 289, 0, 26000, 23100
N, 290, -500, 25000, 23577.5 $ N, 291, 500, 25000, 23577.5
N, 292, 0, 26000, 24055 $ N, 293, -500, 25000, 24532.5
N, 294, 500, 25000, 24532.5 $ N, 295, 0, 26000, 25010
N, 296, -500, 25000, 25487.5 $ N, 297, 500, 25000, 25487.5
N, 298, 0, 26000, 25487.5
!(17) ᅮН㄀6↉ศ㞖㡖⚍
N, 299, -500, 25000, 25600 $ N, 300, 500, 25000, 25600
N, 301, 0, 26000, 25712.5 $ N, 302, -500, 25000, 25712.5
N, 303, 500, 25000, 25712.5 $ N, 304, 0, 26000, 26190
N, 305, -500, 25000, 26667.5 $ N, 306, 500, 25000, 26667.5
N, 307, 0, 26000, 27145 $ N, 308, -500, 25000, 27622.5
N, 309, 500, 25000, 27622.5 $ N, 310, 0, 26000, 28100
N, 311, -500, 25000, 28577.5 $ N, 312, 500, 25000, 28577.5
N, 313, 0, 26000, 29055 $ N, 314, -500, 25000, 29532.5
N, 315, 500, 25000, 29532.5 $ N, 316, 0, 26000, 30010
N, 317, -500, 25000, 30487.5 $ N, 318, 500, 25000, 30487.5
N, 319, 0, 26000, 30487.5
!(18) ᅮН㄀7↉(᳔ৢϔ㡖)ศ㞖㡖⚍
N, 320, -500, 25000, 30600 $ N, 321, 500, 25000, 30600
N, 322, 0, 26000, 30670 $ N, 323, -500, 25000, 30670
N, 324, 500, 25000, 30670 $ N, 325, 0, 26000, 31625
N, 326, -500, 25000, 31625 $ N, 327, 500, 25000, 31625
N, 328, -500, 25000, 32580 $ N, 329, 500, 25000, 32580
!(19) ᅮНᑇ㸵䞡ԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍
N, 330, 500, 23000, -10500 $ N, 331, -500, 25000, -8500
N, 332, 500, 25000, -8500 $ N, 333, -500, 25000, -10500
N, 334, 500, 25000, -10500 $ N, 335, -500, 23000, -8500
N, 336, 500, 23000, -8500 $ N, 337, -500, 23000, -10500
/View,1,1,1,1
NPLOT
!
!(20) ᅮНऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟ੠ᴤ᭭খ᭄
!

523
 ㄀ゴศᓣ䍋䞡ᴎ䴭ࡼ࡯ߚᵤ

ET, 1, BEAM4 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬ᰃϝ㓈ṕऩ‫ܗ‬BEAM4

MP,EX,1,210E3 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EX=210GPa
MP,PRXY,1,0.3 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨PRXY=0.3
MP,DENS,1,7800e-12 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᆚᑺDENS=7800 kg/m^3
!MP,EX,2,450E3 ! ᅮН㄀2㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EX=210 GPa
!MP,PRXY,2,0.3 ! ᅮН㄀2㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EX=210 GPa
!MP,DENS,2,7800e-12 ! ᅮН㄀2㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᆚᑺDENS=7800 kg/m^3
Acel,0,9800,0 ! ᅮН⊓ⴔ-Yᮍ৥ⱘ䞡࡯ࡴ䗳ᑺ9.8 m/s^2
R, 3, 4536, 2104e4, 2104e4, 200, 200 ! ศ䑿໪ゟ᷅ˈศ㞖Ϟᓺᴚˈศ乊᭰ᬃᩥ 200@15
R, 4, 364, 1534, 1534, 60, 60 ! ศ㞖ϟᓺ‫ݙ‬ᴚˈջ䴶ᴚ 60@4
R, 5, 766, 910540, 910540, 100, 100, 0 ! ศ䑿‫ݙ‬ゟ᷅ˈ᭰ᬃᩥ 100@5
R, 6, 5713, 4204e4, 4204e4, 250, 250 ! ศ乊໪ゟ᷅ 250@15
R, 7, 2176, 1087e4, 1087e4, 80, 200 ! ศ㞖ϟᓺ໪ᴚ 80*200@8
R, 8, 1964, 3067960, 3067960, 50, 50 ! ᭰ᢝ㋶ 50@25
R, 9, 4656*6, 1.233e9, 1.233e9, 300, 600 ! ᑇ㸵㞖䚼ߚⱘ߮ᗻṕ 600*300@15
!(21) ᅮНᑩ䚼㄀1Ͼศ䑿ᷛ‫ޚ‬㡖ⱘ໪Ḛᴚӊ
Real, 3 ! ศ䑿໪ゟ᷅ 200@15
E, 1, 5 $ E, 2, 6 $ E, 3, 7
E, 4, 8 $ E, 5, 9 $ E, 6, 10
E, 7, 11 $ E, 8, 12 $ E, 9, 13
E, 10, 14 $ E, 11, 15 $ E, 12, 16
E, 13, 17 $ E, 14, 18 $ E, 15, 19
E, 16, 20
!(22) ᅮНᑩ䚼㄀1Ͼศ䑿ᷛ‫ޚ‬㡖ⱘ᭰ᢝᴚ
Real, 5 ! ศ䑿∈ᑇᴚˈ᭰ᬃᩥ 100@5
E, 5, 6 $ E, 9, 10 $ E, 13, 14
E, 6, 7 $ E, 10, 11 $ E, 14, 15
E, 7, 8 $ E, 11, 12 $ E, 15, 16
E, 5, 8 $ E, 9, 12 $ E, 13, 16
E, 5, 10 $ E, 10, 13 $ E, 6, 11
E, 11, 14 $ E, 7, 12 $ E, 12, 15
E, 8, 9 $ E, 9, 16 $ E, 9, 11
E, 13, 15
!(23) ᅮНᑩ䚼㄀2Ͼศ䑿ᷛ‫ޚ‬㡖ⱘ໪Ḛᴚӊ
Real, 3 ! ศ䑿໪ゟ᷅ 200@15
E, 17, 21 $ E, 18, 22 $ E, 19, 23
E, 20, 24 $ E, 21, 25 $ E, 22, 26
E, 23, 27 $ E, 24, 28 $ E, 25, 29
E, 26, 30 $ E, 27, 31 $ E, 28, 32
E, 29, 33 $ E, 30, 34 $ E, 31, 35
E, 32, 36
!(24) ᅮНᑩ䚼㄀2Ͼศ䑿ᷛ‫ޚ‬㡖ⱘ᭰ᢝᴚ
Real, 5 ! ศ䑿∈ᑇᴚˈ᭰ᬃᩥ 100@5
E, 21, 22 $ E, 25, 26 $ E, 29, 30

524
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

E, 22, 23 $ E, 26, 27 $ E, 30, 31

E, 23, 24 $ E, 27, 28 $ E, 31, 32
E, 21, 24 $ E, 25, 28 $ E, 29, 32
E, 21, 26 $ E, 26, 29 $ E, 22, 27
E, 27, 30 $ E, 23, 28 $ E, 28, 31
E, 24, 25 $ E, 25, 32 $ E, 25, 27
E, 29, 31
!(25) ᅮНᑩ䚼㄀3Ͼศ䑿ᷛ‫ޚ‬㡖ⱘ໪Ḛᴚӊ
Real, 3 ! ศ䑿໪ゟ᷅ 200@15
E, 33, 37 $ E, 34, 38 $ E, 35, 39
E, 36, 40 $ E, 37, 41 $ E, 38, 42
E, 39, 43 $ E, 40, 44 $ E, 41, 45
E, 42, 46 $ E, 43, 47 $ E, 44, 48
E, 45, 49 $ E, 46, 50 $ E, 47, 51
E, 48, 52
!(26) ᅮНᑩ䚼㄀3Ͼศ䑿ᷛ‫ޚ‬㡖ⱘ᭰ᢝᴚ
Real, 5 ! ศ䑿∈ᑇᴚˈ᭰ᬃᩥ 100@5
E, 37, 38 $ E, 41, 42 $ E, 45, 46
E, 38, 39 $ E, 42, 43 $ E, 46, 47
E, 39, 40 $ E, 43, 44 $ E, 47, 48
E, 37, 40 $ E, 41, 44 $ E, 45, 48
E, 37, 42 $ E, 42, 45 $ E, 38, 43
E, 43, 46 $ E, 39, 44 $ E, 44, 47
E, 40, 41 $ E, 41, 48 $ E, 41, 43
E, 45, 47
!(27) ᅮНᑩ䚼㄀4Ͼศ䑿ᷛ‫ޚ‬㡖ⱘ໪Ḛᴚӊ
Real, 3 ! ศ䑿໪ゟ᷅ 200@15
E, 49, 53 $ E, 50, 54 $ E, 51, 55
E, 52, 56 $ E, 53, 57 $ E, 54, 58
E, 55, 59 $ E, 56, 60 $ E, 57, 61
E, 58, 62 $ E, 59, 63 $ E, 60, 64
E, 61, 65 $ E, 62, 66 $ E, 63, 67
E, 64, 68
!(28) ᅮНᑩ䚼㄀4Ͼศ䑿ᷛ‫ޚ‬㡖ⱘ᭰ᢝᴚ
Real, 5 ! ศ䑿∈ᑇᴚˈ᭰ᬃᩥ 100@5
E, 53, 54 $ E, 57, 58 $ E, 61, 62
E, 54, 55 $ E, 58, 59 $ E, 62, 63
E, 55, 56 $ E, 59, 60 $ E, 63, 64
E, 53, 56 $ E, 57, 60 $ E, 61, 64
E, 53, 58 $ E, 58, 61 $ E, 54, 59
E, 59, 62 $ E, 55, 60 $ E, 60, 63
E, 56, 57 $ E, 57, 64 $ E, 57, 59
E, 61, 63
!(29) ᅮНᑩ䚼㄀5Ͼศ䑿ᷛ‫ޚ‬㡖ⱘ໪Ḛᴚӊ

525
 ㄀ゴศᓣ䍋䞡ᴎ䴭ࡼ࡯ߚᵤ

Real, 3 ! ศ䑿໪ゟ᷅ 200@15

E, 65, 69 $ E, 66, 70 $ E, 67, 71
E, 68, 72 $ E, 69, 73 $ E, 70, 74
E, 71, 75 $ E, 72, 76 $ E, 73, 77
E, 74, 78 $ E, 75, 79 $ E, 76, 80
E, 77, 81 $ E, 78, 82 $ E, 79, 83
E, 80, 84
!(30) ᅮНᑩ䚼㄀5Ͼศ䑿ᷛ‫ޚ‬㡖ⱘ᭰ᢝᴚ
Real, 5 ! ศ䑿∈ᑇᴚˈ᭰ᬃᩥ 100@5
E, 69, 70 $ E, 73, 74 $ E, 77, 78
E, 70, 71 $ E, 74, 75 $ E, 78, 79
E, 71, 72 $ E, 75, 76 $ E, 79, 80
E, 69, 72 $ E, 73, 76 $ E, 77, 80
E, 69, 74 $ E, 74, 77 $ E, 70, 75
E, 75, 78 $ E, 71, 76 $ E, 76, 79
E, 72, 73 $ E, 73, 80 $ E, 73, 75
E, 77, 79
!(31) ᅮНᑩ䚼㄀6Ͼศ䑿ᷛ‫ޚ‬㡖ⱘ໪Ḛᴚӊ
Real, 3 ! ศ䑿໪ゟ᷅ 200@15
E, 81, 85 $ E, 82, 86 $ E, 83, 87
E, 84, 88 $ E, 85, 89 $ E, 86, 90
E, 87, 91 $ E, 88, 92 $ E, 89, 93
E, 90, 94 $ E, 91, 95 $ E, 92, 96
E, 93, 97 $ E, 94, 98 $ E, 95, 99
E, 96, 100
!(32) ᅮНᑩ䚼㄀6Ͼศ䑿ᷛ‫ޚ‬㡖ⱘ᭰ᢝᴚ
Real, 5 ! ศ䑿∈ᑇᴚˈ᭰ᬃᩥ 100@5
E, 85, 86 $ E, 89, 90 $ E, 93, 94
E, 86, 87 $ E, 90, 91 $ E, 94, 95
E, 87, 88 $ E, 91, 92 $ E, 95, 96
E, 85, 88 $ E, 89, 92 $ E, 93, 96
E, 85, 90 $ E, 90, 93 $ E, 86, 91
E, 91, 94 $ E, 87, 92 $ E, 92, 95
E, 88, 89 $ E, 89, 96 $ E, 89, 91
E, 93, 95
!(33) ᅮНᑩ䚼㄀7Ͼศ䑿ᷛ‫ޚ‬㡖ⱘ໪Ḛᴚӊ
Real, 3 ! ศ䑿໪ゟ᷅ 200@15
E, 97, 101 $ E, 98, 102 $ E, 99, 103
E, 100, 104 $ E, 101, 105 $ E, 102, 106
E, 103, 107 $ E, 104, 108 $ E, 105, 109
E, 106, 110 $ E, 107, 111 $ E, 108, 112
E, 109, 113 $ E, 110, 114 $ E, 111, 115
E, 112, 116
!(34) ᅮНᑩ䚼㄀7Ͼศ䑿ᷛ‫ޚ‬㡖ⱘ᭰ᢝᴚ

526
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

Real, 5 ! ศ䑿∈ᑇᴚˈ᭰ᬃᩥ 100@5

E, 101, 102 $ E, 105, 106 $ E, 109, 110
E, 102, 103 $ E, 106, 107 $ E, 110, 111
E, 103, 104 $ E, 107, 108 $ E, 111, 112
E, 101, 104 $ E, 105, 108 $ E, 109, 112
E, 101, 106 $ E, 106, 109 $ E, 102, 107
E, 107, 110 $ E, 103, 108 $ E, 108, 111
E, 104, 105 $ E, 105, 112 $ E, 105, 107
E, 109, 111
!(35) ᅮНᑩ䚼㄀8Ͼศ䑿ᷛ‫ޚ‬㡖ⱘ໪Ḛᴚӊ
Real, 3 ! ศ䑿໪ゟ᷅ 200@15
E, 113, 117 $ E, 114, 118 $ E, 115, 119
E, 116, 120 $ E, 117, 121 $ E, 118, 122
E, 119, 123 $ E, 120, 124 $ E, 121, 125
E, 122, 126 $ E, 123, 127 $ E, 124, 128
E, 125, 129 $ E, 126, 130 $ E, 127, 131
E, 128, 132
!(36) ᅮНᑩ䚼㄀8Ͼศ䑿ᷛ‫ޚ‬㡖ⱘ᭰ᢝᴚ
Real, 5 ! ศ䑿∈ᑇᴚˈ᭰ᬃᩥ 100@5
E, 117, 118 $ E, 121, 122 $ E, 125, 126
E, 118, 119 $ E, 122, 123 $ E, 126, 127
E, 119, 120 $ E, 123, 124 $ E, 127, 128
E, 117, 120 $ E, 121, 124 $ E, 125, 128
E, 117, 122 $ E, 122, 125 $ E, 118, 123
E, 123, 126 $ E, 119, 124 $ E, 124, 127
E, 120, 121 $ E, 121, 128 $ E, 121, 123
E, 125, 127
!(37) ᅮНᑩ䚼㄀9Ͼศ䑿ᷛ‫ޚ‬㡖ⱘ໪Ḛᴚӊ
Real, 3 ! ศ䑿໪ゟ᷅ 200@15
E, 129, 133 $ E, 130, 134 $ E, 131, 135
E, 132, 136 $ E, 133, 137 $ E, 134, 138
E, 135, 139 $ E, 136, 140 $ E, 137, 141
E, 138, 142 $ E, 139, 143 $ E, 140, 144
E, 141, 145 $ E, 142, 146 $ E, 143, 147
E, 144, 148
!(38) ᅮНᑩ䚼㄀9Ͼศ䑿ᷛ‫ޚ‬㡖ⱘ᭰ᢝᴚ
Real, 5 ! ศ䑿∈ᑇᴚˈ᭰ᬃᩥ 100@5
E, 133, 134 $ E, 137, 138 $ E, 141, 142
E, 134, 135 $ E, 138, 139 $ E, 142, 143
E, 135, 136 $ E, 139, 140 $ E, 143, 144
E, 133, 136 $ E, 137, 140 $ E, 141, 144
E, 133, 138 $ E, 138, 141 $ E, 134, 139
E, 139, 142 $ E, 135, 140 $ E, 140, 143
E, 136, 137 $ E, 137, 144 $ E, 137, 139

527
 ㄀ゴศᓣ䍋䞡ᴎ䴭ࡼ࡯ߚᵤ

E, 141, 143
!(39) ᅮНᑩ䚼㄀10Ͼศ䑿ᷛ‫ޚ‬㡖ⱘ໪Ḛᴚӊ
Real, 3 ! ศ䑿໪ゟ᷅ 200@15
E, 145, 149 $ E, 146, 150 $ E, 147, 151
E, 148, 152 $ E, 149, 153 $ E, 150, 154
E, 151, 155 $ E, 152, 156 $ E, 153, 157
E, 154, 158 $ E, 155, 159 $ E, 156, 160
E, 157, 161 $ E, 158, 162 $ E, 159, 163
E, 160, 164
!(40) ᅮНᑩ䚼㄀10Ͼศ䑿ᷛ‫ޚ‬㡖ⱘ᭰ᢝᴚ
Real, 5 ! ศ䑿∈ᑇᴚˈ᭰ᬃᩥ 100@5
E, 149, 150 $ E, 153, 154 $ E, 157, 158
E, 150, 151 $ E, 154, 155 $ E, 158, 159
E, 151, 152 $ E, 155, 156 $ E, 159, 160
E, 149, 152 $ E, 153, 156 $ E, 157, 160
E, 149, 154 $ E, 154, 157 $ E, 150, 155
E, 155, 158 $ E, 151, 156 $ E, 156, 159
E, 152, 153 $ E, 153, 160 $ E, 153, 155
E, 157, 159
! ศ䑿ऩ‫ܗ‬ᅮН㒧ᴳ
!(41) ศ乊Ё䯈㝍ᴚ
Real, 3 ! ศ乊‫ݙ‬䚼᭰ᬃᩥ 200@15
E, 165, 170 $ E, 165, 167 $ E, 166, 169
E, 166, 168 $ E, 165, 174 $ E, 165, 171
E, 166, 173 $ E, 166, 172 $ E, 167, 168
E, 171, 172 $ E, 175, 176 $ E, 179, 180
E, 183, 184 $ E, 187, 188 $ E, 169, 170
E, 173, 174 $ E, 177, 178 $ E, 181, 182
E, 185, 186 $ E, 189, 190 $ E, 193, 194
E, 171, 174 $ E, 175, 178 $ E, 179, 182
E, 183, 186 $ E, 187, 190 $ E, 191, 194
E, 172, 173 $ E, 176, 177 $ E, 180, 181
E, 184, 185 $ E, 188, 189 $ E, 192, 193
E, 168, 171 $ E, 171, 176 $ E, 176, 179
E, 179, 184 $ E, 184, 187 $ E, 187, 192
E, 169, 174 $ E, 174, 177 $ E, 177, 182
E, 182, 185 $ E, 185, 190 $ E, 190, 193
E, 174, 175 $ E, 175, 182 $ E, 182, 183
E, 183, 190 $ E, 190, 191 $ E, 173, 176
E, 176, 181 $ E, 181, 184 $ E, 184, 189
E, 189, 192
!(42) ศ乊໪ջಯ਼ᴚ
Real, 6 ! ศ乊໪ゟ᷅ 250@15
E, 167, 171 $ E, 171, 175 $ E, 175, 179

528
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

E, 179, 183 $ E, 183, 187 $ E, 187, 191

E, 168, 172 $ E, 172, 176 $ E, 176, 180
E, 180, 184 $ E, 184, 188 $ E, 188, 192
E, 169, 173 $ E, 173, 177 $ E, 177, 181
E, 181, 185 $ E, 185, 189 $ E, 189, 193
E, 170, 174 $ E, 174, 178 $ E, 178, 182
E, 182, 186 $ E, 186, 190 $ E, 190, 194
E, 191, 192
E, 161, 167 ! ศ乊੠ศ䑿Ⳍ䖲᥹ⱘ4ḍᴚ
E, 162, 168 $ E, 163, 169 $ E, 164, 170
!(43) ᓔྟᅮН㄀1↉ศ㞖ᴚӊ
Real, 4 ! ㄀1↉ศ㞖ᴚӊᑩ䚼Ё䯈ᴚ˖60@4
E, 195, 196 $ E, 197, 198 $ E, 200, 201
E, 203, 204 $ E, 206, 207 $ E, 209, 210
E, 212, 213 $ E, 198, 200 $ E, 201, 203
E, 207, 209 $ E, 210, 212
Real, 3 ! ศ㞖Ϟᓺᴚ˖200@15
E, 199, 202 $ E, 202, 205 $ E, 205, 208
E, 208, 211 $ E, 211, 214
Real, 4 ! ㄀1↉ศ㞖ᴚӊջ䴶㝍ᴚ˖60@4
E, 195, 199 $ E, 197, 199 $ E, 199, 200
E, 200, 202 $ E, 202, 203 $ E, 203, 205
E, 205, 206 $ E, 206, 208 $ E, 208, 209
E, 209, 211 $ E, 211, 212 $ E, 196, 199
E, 198, 199 $ E, 199, 201 $ E, 201, 202
E, 202, 204 $ E, 204, 205 $ E, 205, 207
E, 207, 208 $ E, 208, 210 $ E, 210, 211
E, 211, 213 $ E, 214, 213 $ E, 214, 212
Real, 7 ! ศ㞖ϟᮟᴚ໪ջⶽᔶ៾䴶ṕ˖80*200@8
E, 196, 198 ! ࠡ䴶ᑩ䚼ⶽᔶṕ
E, 198, 201 $ E, 201, 204 $ E, 204, 207
E, 207, 210 $ E, 210, 213
E, 195, 197 ! ৢ䴶ᑩ䚼ⶽᔶṕ
E, 197, 200 $ E, 200, 203 $ E, 203, 206
E, 206, 209 $ E, 209, 212 $ E, 212, 215
E, 213, 216
!(44) ศ㞖੠ศ䑿Ⳍ䖲ⱘϸϾᴚ
Real, 6 ! 250@15
E, 169, 195 ! ศ㞖ᑩ䚼੠ศ䑿䖲᥹໘ⱘϸḍᴚӊ
E, 168, 196
!(45) ᅮН㄀2↉ศ㞖੠㄀1↉ⱘ䖲᥹䚼ߚ
Real, 3 ! ศ㞖Ϟᓺᴚ200@15
E, 214, 217 ! Ϟ䴶ϸḍ䖲᥹ᴚ
E, 217, 220

529
 ㄀ゴศᓣ䍋䞡ᴎ䴭ࡼ࡯ߚᵤ

Real, 7 ! ศ㞖ϟᓺ໪ᴚ 80*200@8

E, 215, 218 ! ϟ䴶ϸḍ䖲᥹ᴚ
E, 216, 219
!(46) ᅮН㄀2↉ศ㞖
Real, 3 ! ศ㞖Ϟᓺᴚ 200@15
E, 220, 223 ! 5ḍϞᓺᴚ
E, 223, 226 $ E, 226, 229 $ E, 229, 232
E, 232, 235
Real, 7 ! ศ㞖ϟᓺ໪ᴚ 80*200@8
E, 218, 221 ! ৢ䴶ᑩ䚼῾ṕ
E, 221, 224 $ E, 224, 227 $ E, 227, 230
E, 230, 233 $ E, 233, 236
E, 219, 222 ! ৢ䴶ᑩ䚼῾ṕ
E, 222, 225 $ E, 225, 228 $ E, 228, 231
E, 231, 234 $ E, 234, 237
Real, 4 ! ㄀2↉ศ㞖ᴚӊջ䴶㝍ᴚ˖60@4
E, 217, 218 ! ৢ䴶ᴚ
E, 218, 220 $ E, 220, 221 $ E, 221, 223
E, 223, 224 $ E, 224, 226 $ E, 226, 227
E, 227, 229 $ E, 229, 230 $ E, 230, 232
E, 232, 233 $ E, 235, 233
Real, 4 ! ㄀2↉ศ㞖ᑩ䚼㝍ᴚ˖60@4
E, 218, 219 ! ᑩ䚼㝍ᴚ
E, 219, 221 $ E, 221, 222 $ E, 222, 224
E, 224, 225 $ E, 225, 227 $ E, 227, 228
E, 228, 230 $ E, 230, 231 $ E, 231, 233
E, 233, 234
E, 217, 219 ! ࠡ䴶㝍ᴚ
E, 219, 220 $ E, 220, 222 $ E, 222, 223
E, 223, 225 $ E, 225, 226 $ E, 226, 228
E, 228, 229 $ E, 229, 231 $ E, 231, 232
E, 232, 234 $ E, 235, 234
!(47) ᅮН㄀3↉ศ㞖੠㄀2↉ⱘ䖲᥹↉
Real, 3 ! ศ㞖Ϟᓺᴚ 200@15
E, 235, 238 ! ੠㄀3↉Ⳍ䖲᥹ⱘᴚ
E, 238, 241
Real, 7 ! ศ㞖ϟᓺ໪ᴚ 80*200@8
E, 236, 239
E, 237, 240
!(48) ᅮН㄀3↉ศ㞖
Real, 3 ! ศ㞖Ϟᓺᴚ 200@15
E, 241, 244 ! Ϟᓺᴚ
E, 244, 247 $ E, 247, 250 $ E, 250, 253
E, 253, 256

530
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

Real, 7 ! ศ㞖ϟᓺ໪ᴚ 80*200@8

E, 239, 242 ! ৢ䴶੠ࠡ䴶ᑩ䚼῾ṕ
E, 242, 245 $ E, 245, 248 $ E, 248, 251
E, 251, 254 $ E, 254, 257 $ E, 240, 243
E, 243, 246 $ E, 246, 249 $ E, 249, 252
E, 252, 255 $ E, 255, 258
Real, 4 ! ศ㞖ϟᓺջ䴶ᴚ 60@4
E, 238, 239 ! ৢ䴶ջ䴶ᴚӊ
E, 239, 241 $ E, 241, 242 $ E, 242, 244
E, 244, 245 $ E, 245, 247 $ E, 247, 248
E, 248, 250 $ E, 250, 251 $ E, 251, 253
E, 253, 254 $ E, 256, 254
Real, 4 ! ศ㞖ϟᓺ㝍ᴚ 60@4
E, 239, 240 ! ᑩ䚼㝍ᴚ
E, 240, 242 $ E, 242, 243 $ E, 243, 245
E, 245, 246 $ E, 246, 248 $ E, 248, 249
E, 249, 251 $ E, 251, 252 $ E, 252, 254
E, 254, 255 $ E, 255, 254
Real, 4 ! ศ㞖ջ䴶㝍ᴚ 60@4
E, 238, 240 ! ࠡ䴶ջ䴶㝍ᴚ
E, 240, 241 $ E, 241, 243 $ E, 243, 244
E, 244, 246 $ E, 246, 247 $ E, 247, 249
E, 249, 250 $ E, 250, 252 $ E, 252, 253
E, 253, 255 $ E, 256, 255
!(49) ᅮН㄀4↉ศ㞖੠㄀3↉ⱘ䖲᥹↉
Real, 3 ! ศ㞖Ϟᓺᴚ 200@15
E, 256, 259 ! Ϟ䴶䖲᥹ᴚ
Real, 7 ! ศ㞖ϟᓺ໪ᴚ 80*200@8
E, 257, 260 ! ϟ䴶䖲᥹ᴚ
E, 258, 261
!(50) ᅮН㄀4↉ศ㞖
Real, 3 ! ศ㞖Ϟᓺᴚ 200@15
E, 259, 262 ! ㄀4↉Ϟᓺᴚ
E, 262, 265 $ E, 265, 268 $ E, 268, 271
E, 271, 274 $ E, 274, 277
Real, 7 ! ศ㞖ϟᓺ໪ᴚ 80*200@8
E, 260, 263 ! ϸ߫ᑩ䚼῾ṕᴚ
E, 263, 266 $ E, 266, 269 $ E, 269, 272
E, 272, 275 $ E, 275, 278 $ E, 261, 264
E, 264, 267 $ E, 267, 270 $ E, 270, 273
E, 273, 276 $ E, 276, 279
Real, 4 ! ศ㞖ϟᓺջ䴶㝍ᴚ 60@4
E, 259, 260 ! ৢ䴶ջ䴶㝍ᴚ
E, 260, 262 $ E, 262, 263 $ E, 263, 265

531
 ㄀ゴศᓣ䍋䞡ᴎ䴭ࡼ࡯ߚᵤ

E, 265, 266 $ E, 266, 268 $ E, 268, 269

E, 269, 271 $ E, 271, 272 $ E, 272, 274
E, 274, 275 $ E, 277, 275
E, 260, 261 ! ᑩ䚼㝍ᴚ
E, 261, 263 $ E, 263, 264 $ E, 264, 266
E, 266, 267 $ E, 267, 269 $ E, 269, 270
E, 270, 272 $ E, 272, 273 $ E, 273, 275
E, 275, 276
E, 259, 261 ! ࠡ䴶㝍ᴚ
E, 261, 262 $ E, 262, 264 $ E, 264, 265
E, 265, 267 $ E, 267, 268 $ E, 268, 270
E, 270, 271 $ E, 271, 273 $ E, 273, 274
E, 274, 276 $ E, 277, 276
!(51) ᅮН㄀5↉ศ㞖੠㄀4↉ⱘ䖲᥹↉
Real, 3 ! ศ㞖Ϟᓺᴚ 200@15
E, 277, 280 ! Ϟ䴶䖲᥹ᴚ
Real, 7 ! ศ㞖ϟᓺ໪ᴚ 80*200@8
E, 278, 281 ! ᑩ䚼䖲᥹ᴚ
E, 279, 282
!(52) ᅮН㄀5↉ศ㞖
Real, 3 ! ศ㞖Ϟᓺᴚ 200@15
E, 280, 283 ! Ϟᓺᴚ
E, 283, 286 $ E, 286, 289 $ E, 289, 292
E, 292, 295 $ E, 295, 298
Real, 7 ! ศ㞖ϟᓺ໪ᴚ 80*200@8
E, 281, 284 ! ϸ߫ϟᓺᴚ῾ṕ
E, 284, 287 $ E, 287, 290 $ E, 290, 293
E, 293, 296 $ E, 296, 299 $ E, 282, 285
E, 285, 288 $ E, 288, 291 $ E, 291, 294
E, 294, 297 $ E, 297, 300
Real, 4 ! ศ㞖ϟᓺջ䴶㝍ᴚ 60@4
E, 280, 281 ! ৢ䴶ջ䴶㝍ᴚ
E, 281, 283 $ E, 283, 284 $ E, 284, 286
E, 286, 287 $ E, 287, 289 $ E, 289, 290
E, 290, 292 $ E, 292, 293 $ E, 293, 295
E, 295, 296 $ E, 298, 296
E, 281, 282 ! ᑩ䚼㝍ᴚ
E, 282, 284 $ E, 284, 285 $ E, 285, 287
E, 287, 288 $ E, 288, 290 $ E, 290, 291
E, 291, 293 $ E, 293, 294 $ E, 294, 296
E, 296, 297
E, 280, 282 ! ࠡ䴶ջ䴶㝍ᴚ
E, 282, 283 $ E, 283, 285 $ E, 285, 286
E, 286, 288 $ E, 288, 289 $ E, 289, 291

532
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

E, 291, 292 $ E, 292, 294 $ E, 294, 295

E, 295, 297 $ E, 298, 297
!(53) ᅮН㄀6↉ศ㞖੠㄀5↉ⱘ䖲᥹↉
Real, 3 ! ศ㞖Ϟᓺᴚˈศ乊᭰ᬃᩥ200@15
E, 298, 301 ! Ϟ䴶䖲᥹ᴚ
Real, 7 ! ศ㞖ϟᓺ໪ᴚ 80*200@8
E, 299, 302 ! ϟ䴶䖲᥹ᴚ
E, 300, 303
!(54) ᅮН㄀6↉ศ㞖
Real, 3 ! ศ㞖Ϟᓺᴚ 200@15
E, 301, 304 ! ศ㞖Ϟᓺᴚ
E, 304, 307 $ E, 307, 310 $ E, 310, 313
E, 313, 316 $ E, 316, 319
Real, 7 ! ศ㞖ϟᓺ໪ᴚ 80*200@8
E, 302, 305 ! ৢ䴶ᑩ䚼῾ṕ
E, 305, 308 $ E, 308, 311 $ E, 311, 314
E, 314, 317 $ E, 317, 320
E, 303, 306 ! ࠡ䴶ᑩ䚼῾ṕ
E, 306, 309 $ E, 309, 312 $ E, 312, 315
E, 315, 318 $ E, 318, 321
Real, 4 ! ศ㞖ϟᓺ‫ݙ‬ᴚˈջ䴶ᴚ 60@4
E, 301, 302 ! ৢ䴶ջ䴶㝍ᴚ
E, 302, 304 $ E, 304, 305 $ E, 305, 307
E, 307, 308 $ E, 308, 310 $ E, 310, 311
E, 311, 313 $ E, 313, 314 $ E, 314, 316
E, 316, 317 $ E, 317, 319
E, 302, 303 ! ᑩ䚼㝍ᴚ
E, 303, 305 $ E, 305, 306 $ E, 306, 308
E, 308, 309 $ E, 309, 311 $ E, 311, 312
E, 312, 314 $ E, 314, 315 $ E, 315, 317
E, 317, 318
E, 301, 303 ! ࠡ䴶ջ㝍ᴚ
E, 303, 304 $ E, 304, 306 $ E, 306, 307
E, 307, 309 $ E, 309, 310 $ E, 310, 312
E, 312, 313 $ E, 313, 315 $ E, 315, 316
E, 316, 318 $ E, 319, 318
!(55) ᅮН㄀7↉ศ㞖੠㄀6↉ⱘ䖲᥹↉
Real, 3 ! ศ㞖Ϟᓺᴚ 200@15
E, 319, 322 ! 䖲᥹ᴚ
Real, 7 ! ศ㞖ϟᓺ໪ᴚ 80*200@8
E, 320, 323
E, 321, 324
!(56) ᅮН㄀7↉˄᳔ৢϔ↉˅ศ㞖
Real, 4 ! ศ㞖ϟᓺ‫ݙ‬ᴚˈջ䴶ᴚ 60@4

533
 ㄀ゴศᓣ䍋䞡ᴎ䴭ࡼ࡯ߚᵤ

E, 322, 323 ! ৢ䴶ջ㝍ᴚ

E, 322, 326 $ E, 325, 326 $ E, 325, 328
Real, 7 ! ศ㞖ϟᓺ໪ᴚ 80*200@8
E, 323, 326 ! ᑩ䚼ϸջⱘ῾ṕ
E, 326, 328 $ E, 324, 327 $ E, 327, 329
Real, 4 ! ศ㞖ϟᓺ‫ݙ‬ᴚˈջ䴶ᴚ 60@4
E, 323, 324 ! ᑩ䚼㝍ᴚ
E, 324, 326 $ E, 326, 327 $ E, 327, 328
E, 328, 329
E, 322, 324 ! ࠡ䴶㝍ᴚ
E, 322, 327 $ E, 325, 327 $ E, 325, 329
Real, 3 ! ศ㞖Ϟᓺᴚ 200@15
E, 322, 325 ! ᳔ৢϔ↉Ϟᓺᴚ
!(57) ᅮН᭰ᢝ㋶
Real, 8 ! ᭰ᢝ㋶ 40@20
E, 193, 262 ! ศ㞖Ϟⱘ᭰ᢝ㋶˄2ḍ˅
E, 192, 262
!(58) ᅮНᑇ㸵㞖䚼ߚ
Real, 9 ! ᑇ㸵㞖䚼ߚⱘ߮ᗻṕ 300*100@12
E, 170, 331 ! ৢᑇ㸵㞖Ϟⱘ῾ṕ
E, 167, 332 $ E, 331, 333 $ E, 332, 334
E, 335, 337 ! ᔶ៤ᑇ㸵䞡ⱘᴚӊ
E, 330, 336 $ E, 331, 335 $ E, 332, 336
E, 333, 337 $ E, 330, 334 $ E, 331, 332
E, 335, 336 $ E, 330, 337 $ E, 333, 334
!(59) ᅮНᑇ㸵㞖䚼ߚⱘ᭰ᢝ㋶
Real, 8 ! ᭰ᢝ㋶ 40@20
E, 194, 333 ! ᑇ㸵㞖Ϟⱘϸḍ᭰ᢝ㋶
E, 191, 334
!(60) ᮑࡴᑩ䚼ԡ⿏㑺ᴳ੠䲚Ё࡯㥋䕑
D,1,all,0 $ D,2,all,0
D,3,all,0 $ D,4,all,0
FINISH ! 䗔ߎࠡ໘⧚῵ഫ
!(61) 䖯ܹ∖㾷῵ഫ∖㾷ぎ䕑ᚙ‫މ‬
/solu ! 䖯ܹ∖㾷῵ഫ
solve ! 䖯㸠ぎ䕑ᚙ‫ⱘމ‬䴭࡯ߚᵤ∖㾷
FINISH ! 䗔ߎ∖㾷῵ഫ
!(62) 䖯ܹৢ໘⧚῵ഫᰒ⼎㒧ᵰ
/post1 ! 䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
Pldisp,2 ! ೒ᔶᰒ⼎ぎ䕑বᔶᚙ‫މ‬
FINISH ! 䗔ߎৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
!(63) 䖯ܹ∖㾷῵ഫᅮНศ㞖ッ䚼⒵䕑ᚙ‫ˈމ‬ᑊ䖯ܹ∖㾷
/SOLU ! 䖯ܹ∖㾷῵ഫ
F,326,fy,-5000 ! 500kg৞䞡

534
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

F,327,fy,-5000 ! 500kg৞䞡
Solve ! 䖯㸠⒵䕑ᚙ‫ⱘމ‬䴭࡯ߚᵤ∖㾷
FINISH ! 䗔ߎ∖㾷῵ഫ
!(64) 䖯ܹৢ໘⧚῵ഫᰒ⼎㒧ᵰ
/post1 ! 䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
pldisp,2 ! ೒ᔶᰒ⼎বᔶᚙ‫މ‬
Etable,LS1,ls,1 ! 䍋ྟッⱘ䕈৥ᑨ࡯SDIR
Etable,LS2,ls,2 ! 䍋ྟッⱘˇYϔջᔃ᳆ᑨ࡯SBYT
Etable,LS3,ls,3 ! 䍋ྟッⱘˉYϔջᔃ᳆ᑨ࡯SBYB
Etable,LS4,ls,4 ! 䍋ྟッⱘˇZϔջᔃ᳆ᑨ࡯SBZT
Etable,LS5,ls,5 ! 䍋ྟッⱘˉZϔջᔃ᳆ᑨ࡯SBZB
Etable,V,Volu ! ⫼ऩ‫ܗ‬ԧ⿃ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬㸼V
Etable,smax,NMISC,1 ! 䍋ྟッⱘ᳔໻ᢝᑨ࡯
Etable,smin,NMISC,2 ! 䍋ྟッⱘ᳔໻य़ᑨ࡯
pretab,LS1,LS2,LS3,LS4,LS5,smax,smin ! ߫㸼ᰒ⼎ᣛᅮऩ‫ܗ‬㸼ⱘ‫ݙ‬ᆍ
FINISH ! 䗔ߎৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
!(65) 䖯ܹ∖㾷῵ഫᓔྟ῵ᗕߚᵤ
/SOLU ! ೼ℸ䖯ܹ∖㾷῵ഫ
ANTYPE,2 ! ⬇ᯢߚᵤ㉏ൟЎ῵ᗕߚᵤ
MXPAND,5, , ,0 ! ᣛᅮ᳔໻῵ᗕሩᓔ᭄5䰊
MODOPT,LANB,5,0,0, ,OFF ! ⫼ߚഫLanczosᮍ⊩∖㾷ⶽ䰉⡍ᕕؐ䯂乬
SOLVE ! ᓔྟ⡍ᕕؐ∖㾷
FINISH ! 䗔ߎ∖㾷῵ഫ
!(66) ೼ৢ໘⧚῵ഫᰒ⼎῵ᗕߚᵤ㒧ᵰ
/POST1 ! 䖯ܹৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
SET,LIST ! ߫㸼ᰒ⼎乥⥛䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
SET,First ! 䇏ܹ㄀1䰊῵ᗕ
PLDISP,2 ! ೒ᔶᰒ⼎῵ᗕ
ANMODE,8,0.2 ! ⫼8ᏻ↣ᏻ䯈䱨0.2⾦⫳៤ࡼ⬏
SET,1,2 ! 䇏ܹ㄀2䰊῵ᗕ
PLDISP,2 ! ೒ᔶᰒ⼎῵ᗕ
ANMODE,12,0.1 ! ⫼12ᏻ↣ᏻ䯈䱨0.1⾦⫳៤ࡼ⬏
SET,1,3 ! 䇏ܹ㄀3䰊῵ᗕ
PLDISP,2 ! ೒ᔶᰒ⼎῵ᗕ
ANMODE,12,0.1 ! ⫼12ᏻ↣ᏻ䯈䱨0.1⾦⫳៤ࡼ⬏
SET,1,4 ! 䇏ܹ㄀4䰊῵ᗕ
PLDISP,2 ! ೒ᔶᰒ⼎῵ᗕ
ANMODE,12,0.1 ! ⫼12ᏻ↣ᏻ䯈䱨0.1⾦⫳៤ࡼ⬏
SET,Last ! 䇏᳔ܹৢϔ䰊῵ᗕ
PLDISP,2 ! ೒ᔶᰒ⼎῵ᗕ
ANMODE,12,0.1 ! ⫼12ᏻ↣ᏻ䯈䱨0.1⾦⫳៤ࡼ⬏

535
 ㄀1ゴ ㅔऩᢝय़ᴚ㒧ᵘ

せ』䪮ᴠᒑ๘♥⅃㑿౗‫ࢺڴ‬ҋ⩗̺⮳
䲈ߊܵᲿ

15.1 ὖ‫މ‬

བ೒15.1᠔⼎ˈЏԧ໪Ⳉᕘd=406mmˈຕ८t=18mmˈᘏ䭓ᑺ6000mmⱘ䭓೚᷅ᔶ⎆࣪
໽✊⇨䌂䖤㔤ˈ೼ഛࣔߚᏗⱘ䆒䅵‫ݙ‬य़p=23MPa԰⫼ϟDŽᏆⶹᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣E=206GPaˈ
⊞ᵒ↨°=0.3ˈ䆩߽⫼䕈ᇍ⿄䫹໇ऩ‫ܗ‬SHELL51ˈ⹂ᅮ䆹ᆍ఼‫ݙ‬Ё䴶Ϟⱘ᳔໻㭘㝰ᑨ࡯੠
໪㸼䴶ⱘ᳔໻ᔃ᳆ᑨ࡯ˈҹঞড়៤ৢⱘ᳔໻ড়៤ᑨ࡯ⱘؐঞ݊থ⫳ⱘ䚼ԡDŽ
Ўњッ䚼ⱘሔ䚼๲ᔎˈッ䚼䚼ԡⱘຕ८೼䖛⏵ԡ㕂໘⬅ㄦԧⱘ18mm䗤⏤๲ࡴࠄњ
23mmDŽッ䚼䚼ԡⱘ䆺㒚ሎᇌབ೒15.2᠔⼎DŽ

೒15.1 䭓᷅ᔶᆍ఼೼‫ݙ‬य़԰⫼ϟⱘ῵ൟ⼎ᛣ೒ ೒15.2 ㄦԧЏԧ῾ᮁ䴶⼎ᛣ೒

ᇚതᷛॳ⚍䆒㕂೼ッ䚼Џԧञ⧗ⱘЁᖗˈ৥েᅮНЎX䕈ˈ৥ϞЎY䕈˄བ೒15.3᠔⼎˅DŽ
Ңࠪ䴶‫ݙ‬ջⱘⳌ݇㒓催ᑺ݇㋏ˈৃҹ᥼ㅫߎ⾏Ϟッᄨষ75mmԡ㕂ⱘ催ᑺDŽㅫ⊩བϟ˖
‫ݙ‬ջञᕘ63mm‫צ‬೚ⱘ೚ᖗ∈ᑇXതᷛЎ˖44.5+63=107.5 mmDŽҢതᷛॳ⚍ࠄ䖭Ͼ‫צ‬೚
೚ᖗⱘ䖲㒓䭓ᑺᑨ䆹ㄝѢϸϾञᕘП੠˖185+63=248 mmDŽ
‫צ‬೚ⱘ೚ᖗオ৥催ᑺYതᷛЎ˖sqrt(248^2107.5^2)=223.5 mmDŽ
᠔ҹ᳔㒜ᕫࠄˈッ䚼ⱘᅲ䰙催ᑺؐЎ˖h1=223.5+75=298.5 mmDŽ
೒15.3Ё㒭ߎњᓎゟ῵ൟ᠔㽕⫼ࠄⱘ෎ᴀሎᇌ੠ԡ㕂খ᭄੠݇䬂⚍ⱘᏗ㕂DŽ

15.2 ᓎゟ῵ൟ

‫ټ‬㔤ⱘЏԧᕜ䭓ˈ೼䅵ㅫЁৃҹ៾ߎҢッ䚼ㅫ䍋1000mmⱘϔ䚼ߚेৃˈ݊ԭ䚼ߚⱘᑨ
࡯ߚᏗ੠៾ᓔ䚼ԡⱘᑨ࡯ߚᏗⳌৠDŽ៾ߎⱘッ䚼䅵ㅫ῵ൟབ೒15.3᠔⼎DŽ

536
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

೒15.3 ッ䚼㒚㡖ሎᇌ⼎ᛣ೒ҹঞ໇ԧऩ‫ܗ‬Ϟ݇䬂⚍੠㒓ⱘᏗ㕂

䆹䯂乬ߚ߿⫼3⾡ऩ‫ܗ‬԰њᇍ↨䅵ㅫˈЏ㽕ᰃⳌѦॄ䆕ᕐℸⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰDŽৠᯊгᇚЏԧ
䚼ԡⱘᑨ࡯ߚᏗ੠੠⧚䆎㒧ᵰ԰њ↨䕗ˈҹℸ䆕ᯢᭈԧ䅵ㅫ䖛⿟ⱘ‫⹂ޚ‬᮴䇃DŽ
(1) นॴάဟ‫ד‬शͪ੧࿫ॏۤ෵ௗ࿫ॏē೎ຕರဈॴᅀճыࢴ඘Ӧ၍SHELL51ē௜ࢴ
඘ᄯੋน੦໸ԅࣅᄥѤӊēࠩ໻ॴᅀճы੦໸ԅࡁॏ‫ד‬๥dࢩৎॴઝགۤժϦ‫෈ן‬ԅࣸॏ
ᆴဈēժϦ‫ۤ෈ן‬ӺၕϦ‫ד‬ԅ‫܈‬էဈ23mmēୣဥဈ18mmΣ‫܈‬dॆဈࢴӦ၍ԅۚ҉ၽဟࢶ
ྻඔ௜ӾӦ၍ԅͪ੧ॏۤ෵ࡧēྻ‫ރ‬უ०ົઝॏൎճ࿫ԅᄯੋͪ੧ॏۤઝෳζੋԅ෵ௗ
࿫ॏd
(2) ഻‫܊‬ēဈ଼ੋӦ၍Plane82ԅᅀճыٟટࠩ໻ॴ‫ޙ‬സdಬ඘ᅀճыࢶྻ‫ݦ‬ԄΑࠀᅹ
௲ԅ࿫ॏ‫ד‬ϣd
(3) ᆫ‫܊‬ēဈ20ࠋԤԅసปಬ඘Ӧ၍Solid95Ӧ၍ēߙोॴ1/4సป੦໸ēࠩ໻ॴອ࿫ԅ
‫ד‬๥dྻҮࣿճΑ‫ד‬๥஍ੋ०ᄵ‫ד‬๥ֺ̣ԅჾ௲໿d

15.3 ߽⫼䕈ᇍ⿄໇ऩ‫ܗ‬SHELL51䅵ㅫ

15.3.1 ऩ‫ܗ‬෎ᴀᗻ䋼੠㑺ᅮ
䕈ᇍ⿄ऩ‫ܗ‬SHELL51ৃҹ㒭ߎऩ‫ܗ‬Ϟ৘Ͼ㡖⚍໘ⱘ㭘㝰࡯ˈᔃⶽˈҹঞⳌᑨⱘᑨ࡯ؐDŽ
㸼15.1Ё㒭ߎњϔ䚼ߚ‫࡯ݙ‬੠ᑨ࡯䕧ߎᅮНDŽ㸼15.2Ё㒭ߎњϔ䚼ߚᑨ࡯䕧ߎ䞛⫼ⱘᇍ✻㓪
োDŽ೒15.4᠔⼎ᰃ䆹ऩ‫ⱘܗ‬䕧ߎᑨ࡯⼎ᛣ೒DŽ೒15.4Ꮊջⱘ೒ᰃࠪ䴶Ϟⱘ໇ԧ៾䴶Ϟⱘᑨ࡯
SMˈᅗߚЎϞ㸼䴶TOPˈЁ䴶MID੠ᑩ䴶BOTDŽᦤপϡৠ㸼䴶ⱘᑨ࡯䳔㽕䞛⫼㸼15.2Ёⱘ
㓪ো㑺ᅮDŽ

537
 ㄀ゴ䭓᷅ᔶ໽✊⇨㔤೼‫ݙ‬य़԰⫼ϟⱘ䴭࡯ߚᵤ

㸼15.1 SHELL51ऩ‫ܗ‬䕧ߎᅮН
ৡ ⿄ ᅮ Н
T(X, Z, XZ) ऩ‫ܗ‬തᷛ㋏ⱘX੠Zᮍ৥ⱘ㭘㝰࡯, XZᮍ৥ⱘ࠾࡯
M(X, Z, XZ) ᔃⶽMX੠MZ,ᡁⶽM XZ
MFOR(X, Y, Z) ↣Ͼ㡖⚍೼ऩ‫ܗ‬തᷛ㋏ϟⱘ㭘㝰࡯
MMOMZ ↣Ͼ㡖⚍೼ऩ‫ܗ‬തᷛ㋏ϟⱘ㭘㝰ᔃⶽ
S(M, THK, H, MH) ᑨ࡯ (ᄤज㒓ᮍ৥, ⊓८ᑺᮍ৥, ⦃৥, ᄤज㒓ᮍ৥-⦃৥)
S(1, 2, 3) Џᑨ࡯
SEQV ㄝᬜᑨ࡯

㸼15.2 SHELL51䕧ߎ乍Ⳃ㓪োᇍ✻㸼
ৡ ⿄ ᴵ Ⳃ Ϟ 㸼 䴶 Ё 䴶 ϟ 㸼 䴶
SM LS 1 5 9
SH LS 3 7 11
S1 NMISC 1 6 11
S2 NMISC 2 7 12
S3 NMISC 3 8 13
SEQV NMISC 5 10 15
TX SMISC 13 -- --
TZ SMISC 14 -- --
TXZ SMISC 15 -- --
MX SMISC 16 -- --
MZ SMISC 17 -- --
MXZ SMISC 18 -- --

೒15.4 䕈ᇍ⿄໇ԧऩ‫ܗ‬SHELL51ⱘሔ䚼തᷛ㋏ᅮН੠ᑨ࡯䕧ߎᅮН

೒15.4Ꮊջᰃ໇ԧऩ‫ܗ‬ሔ䚼തᷛ㋏ⱘᮍ৥㑺ᅮDŽেջᰃ䕈ᇍ⿄⦃৥ⱘᑨ࡯䕧ߎ乍SHⱘ
㑺ᅮ⼎ᛣ೒DŽՓ⫼ᯊⱘ㓪োᣝ㸼15.2ЁপؐDŽ㸼15.2Ё䖬㒭ߎњ݊Ҫϔѯᑨ࡯ⱘ㑺ᅮৡ⿄ˈ
↨བᐌ⫼ⱘЏᑨ࡯S1ˈS2੠S3ˈMisesㄝᬜᑨ࡯SEQVㄝㄝDŽ
ᇍѢ䕈ᇍ⿄໇ԧऩ‫ˈܗ‬䗮ᐌՓ⫼᳔໮ⱘᰃ㭘㝰࡯TX੠TZˈᅗӀᓩ䍋໇ԧЁ䴶Ϟⱘᑨ࡯
SM੠SHˈᇍᑨѢ໇ԧЁⱘϔ⃵ᑨ࡯DŽᔃⶽMX੠MYߚ߿ᓩ䍋ᔃ᳆ᑨ࡯ˈᓩ䍋ⱘᔃ᳆ᑨ࡯

538
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

ߚ߿ᇍᑨѢ໇ԧϞϟ㸼䴶ⱘᔃ᳆ᑨ࡯ˈ䗮ᐌ೼䕧ߎ乍SM੠SHⱘϞϟ㸼䴶ᑨ࡯ᰃ㭘㝰ᑨ࡯
੠ᔃ᳆ᑨ࡯ⱘড়៤ᑨ࡯DŽ೼Փ⫼ᯊˈ䳔㽕䗮䖛ϢЁ䴶ᑨ࡯ⱘᏂؐᴹᤶㅫߎᔃ᳆ᑨ࡯ˈेѠ
⃵ᑨ࡯DŽ

15.3.2 ∖㾷䖛⿟
(1) Շ࿌‫·ݮ‬ϵ೴d
ᇚᇕ༈ⱘ催ᑺതᷛ298.5 mmֱᄬࠄব䞣h1ˈᇚᇕ༈ⱘ‫ݙ‬ञᕘ44.5 mmֱᄬࠄব䞣b1DŽᇚ
ᇕ༈ⱘ‫ݙ‬ञᕘࡴϞᇕ༈ຕ८23ˈᕫࠄᇕ༈໪ञᕘb2DŽᇕ༈‫ݙ‬ञᕘ੠໪ञᕘⱘϔञᰃᇕ༈ⱘ
Ё䴶ञᕘˈᄬܹব䞣b12DŽ
প㔤ԧ‫ݙ‬ञᕘr1=185mmˈ໪ञᕘr2=203mmˈ߭㔤ԧⱘЁ䴶ञᕘЎr12=r1/2+r2/2DŽ
(2) Շ࿌ࢴ඘ᄯੋ౨ԅ‫ߏڑ‬Ԥd
⫼Ā/Prep7ā䖯ܹࠡ໘⧚῵ഫৢˈ⫼ᅮН݇䬂⚍ੑҸĀk,1,b12,h1āᅮНᇕ༈Ё䴶ⱘ䍋
ྟ⚍DŽ⫼Āk,2,b12,sqrt(r12*r12b12*b12)āᇕ༈Ё䴶੠ッ䚼㔤ԧञ⧗ⱘѸ⚍ˈ䖭䞠ⱘオ৥ത
߽ᷛ⫼੠ᇕ༈Ё䴶ൖ㒓੠ञ⧗ⱘⳌѸ݇㋏DŽ
⫼Āk,3,r12,0āᅮН㔤ԧञ⧗੠㔤ԧЏԧⱘѸ⚍ˈ⫼Āk,4,r12,1000+h1āᅮН㔤ԧЏ
ԧ៾ᮁ⚍ˈ䖭䞠ⱘ1000mmᰃᣛᭈϾ῵ൟⱘᘏ催ᑺ៾পњ1㉇ˈ݊ᅲ᳈䭓ⱘ催ᑺгϡӮᯢᰒ
ᕅડ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰDŽ᳔ৢ⫼Āk,5,0,0ā೼തᷛॳ⚍ᅮН5ো݇䬂⚍DŽ
(3) Շ࿌ࢴ඘ᄯੋԅຬd
⫼ᅮН㒓ੑҸ
ĀL,1,2āᅮНᇕ༈Ё䴶ⱘⳈ㒓ˈ
⫼ĀL,3,4ā
ᅮН㔤ԧЏԧЁ㒓DŽ ⫼ĀLarc,3,2,5,
r12āᅮН㔤ԧッ䚼ⱘञ⧗ࠪ䴶೚ᓻ㒓DŽ⫼㒓‫צ‬೚ੑҸĀLFILLT,1,3,63/2+40/2, ,ā԰ᇕ༈Ё
㒓˄1ো㒓˅੠㔤ԧञ⧗ࠪ䴶೚ᓻ㒓˄3ো㒓˅П䯈ञᕘĀ63/2+40/2āⱘ‫צ‬೚㒓DŽ
⫼೼㒓Ϟᮑࡴय़࡯㥋䕑ੑҸ ĀSFL,1,PRES,23ā೼1ো㒓
˄ᇕ༈Ё㒓˅Ϟᮑࡴ‫ݙ‬य़23MPaˈ
⫼ĀSFL,4,PRES,23ā೼4ো㒓˄‫צ‬೚㒓˅Ϟᮑࡴ‫ݙ‬य़23MPaDŽ⫼ĀSFL,3,PRES,23ā೼3
ো㒓˄㔤ԧञ⧗ࠪ䴶೚ᓻ㒓˅ᮑࡴ‫ݙ‬य़23MPaˈ⫼ĀSFL,2,PRES,23ā೼2ো㒓˄㔤ԧЏ
ԧЁ㒓˅ᮑࡴ‫ݙ‬य़23MPaDŽ
㒣䖛䖭ѯੑҸৢˈᕫࠄབ೒15.5᠔⼎ⱘ䅵ㅫ῵ൟDŽ
(4) Շ࿌Ӧ၍फ໸cϫॸϵ೴ۤಬШ೴d
⫼ߚᵤ㉏ൟᅮНੑҸĀANTYPE,STATICāᅮНߚᵤ㉏ൟЎ䴭࡯ߚᵤDŽ⫼ऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟᅮ
НੑҸĀET,1,SHELL51āᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬Ў䕈ᇍ⿄໇ԧऩ‫ܗ‬SHELL51DŽ
⫼ᴤ᭭খ᭄ᅮНੑҸĀMP,EX,1,206E3 āᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣Ў206GPaˈ⫼
ĀMP,NUXY,1, 0.3āᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨NUXY=0.3DŽ
(5) Շ࿌ಬШ೴ēߜ‫ڗ‬඘ᄯੋຬ୉‫ד‬นຬӦ၍d
⫼ᅲᐌ᭄ĀR,1,18āᅮН㄀1㉏ᅲᐌ᭄ˈЏ㔤ԧⱘຕ८18mmDŽ⫼㒓ऩ‫ܗ‬ሎᇌᅮНੑҸ
ĀLesize, all,10āᅮН᠔᳝ⱘ㒓ऩ‫ߚࠪܗ‬ሎᇌЎ10mmDŽ⫼㒓ऩ‫ߚࠪܗ‬ੑҸĀLmesh,2āᇚ㔤
ԧ᠔೼䚼ߚࠪߚЎ㒓ऩ‫⫼ˈܗ‬ĀLmesh,3āᇚ㔤ԧञ⧗᠔೼䚼ߚࠪߚЎ㒓ऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ
⫼ᅲᐌ᭄ᅮНੑҸĀR,2,23āᅮН㄀2㉏ᅲᐌ᭄ˈᇕ༈ⱘࡴ८䚼ߚ23mmDŽ⫼ߛᤶᅲᐌ
᭄ੑҸĀReal,2āᇚᅲᐌ᭄㉏ൟߛᤶЎ㄀2োᅲᐌ᭄DŽߛᤶᅲᐌ᭄ҹৢˈᮄᓎゟⱘऩ‫ܗ‬ᇚ䞛
⫼ᮄⱘᅲᐌ᭄DŽ⫼ĀLmesh,1āᇚᇕ༈䚼ߚࠪߚЎ㒓ऩ‫⫼ˈܗ‬ĀLmesh,4āᇚᇕ༈Ϣञ⧗ⱘ

539
 ㄀ゴ䭓᷅ᔶ໽✊⇨㔤೼‫ݙ‬य़԰⫼ϟⱘ䴭࡯ߚᵤ

‫צ‬೚䚼ߚࠪߚЎ㒓ऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ

೒15.5 ߽⫼݇䬂⚍੠㒓ᓎゟⱘ䕈ᇍ⿄໇ԧऩ‫ܗ‬᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟ

(6) ඔ௜ᄗՇสᄢԅࠋԤēಠަสྭၟ೯ēժϦ‫ࣸ෈ן‬ॏۤ‫ڗ‬඘ઝགd
⫼ĀBottNode=Node(r12,1000+h1,0)āੑҸᦤপᑩ䚼ԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍㓪োˈੑৡЎBottNodeDŽ
⫼ĀTopNode=Node(b12,h1,0)āᦤপᇕ༈ᓔྟԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍㓪োˈੑৡЎTopNodeDŽ⫼ᮑࡴԡ
⿏㑺ᴳੑҸĀD,BottNode,UY,,,,,UZ,ROTZā೼ᑩ䚼៾ᓔԡ㕂ᮑࡴা‫ܕ‬䆌Xᮍ৥ԡ㕂ⱘ㑺ᴳDŽ
⫼ᮑࡴ㡖⚍࡯ⱘੑҸĀF,TopNode,FY, 143086ā೼ッ䚼ᇕ༈ԡ㕂ᮑࡴᢝ࡯ᇕ༈⬅Ѣ‫ݙ‬य़
ᓩ䍋ⱘᘏড়࡯143086NDŽᇍѢANSYS7.0ҹৢⱘ䕈ᇍ⿄ߚᵤˈ㒉৥㡖⚍࡯䛑ᰃᣛᅮ໇ԧ⦃৥
ϔ਼៾䴶Ϟⱘড়࡯DŽ
㒣䖛䖭ѯੑҸৢˈ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟব៤བ೒15.6᠔⼎ⱘḋᄤDŽ

೒15.6 ᮑࡴᇕ༈ッ䚼ঞ䞡࡯੠ᑩ䚼ԡ⿏㑺ᴳৢⱘ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟ

(7) ၽௐࠓ੦ࣖᄯēಁᄢ೛ѻ༪ົ‫܊‬ௐࠓd

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⫼Ā/SOLUāࡴ䕑∖㾷῵ഫৢˈ⫼䕧ߎ㒧ᵰ䗝乍ᅮНੑҸĀOUTPR,ALL,1ā䕧ߎ㄀1
㥋䕑ℹⱘ᠔᳝䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰDŽ⫼∖㾷ੑҸĀSOLVEāᓔྟ∖㾷DŽ
(8) ၽ‫҉܊‬स੦ࣖՇ࿌Ӧ၍ζēඔ௜Ӧ၍࿫ॏd
೼ৢ໘⧚῵ഫЁˈ߽⫼೒ᔶᰒ⼎বᔶ೒ੑҸᕫࠄབ೒15.7᠔⼎ⱘবᔶ೒DŽҢ೒Ёⳟߎˈ
ㄦԧϟ䚼বᔶ䍟৥ѢഛࣔবᔶDŽ

೒15.7 䕈ᇍ⿄໇ԧऩ‫ܗ‬೼ᇕ༈ঞ䞡࡯੠‫ݙ‬य़԰⫼ϟⱘবᔶ

⫼໇ԧऩ‫ⱘܗ‬㒉৥㭘㝰ᑨ࡯㓪োĀLS,1āˈĀLS,5ā੠ĀLS,9āᅮНϞ㸼䴶ˈЁ䴶੠
ϟ㸼䴶ⱘ㒉৥㭘㝰ᑨ࡯ऩ‫ܗ‬㸼SY_TOPˈSY_MID੠SY_BOTDŽ⫼⦃৥㭘㝰ᑨ࡯㓪োĀLS,3āˈ
ĀLS,7ā੠ĀLS,11āᅮНϞ㸼䴶ˈЁ䴶੠ϟ㸼䴶ⱘ⦃৥㭘㝰ᑨ࡯ऩ‫ܗ‬㸼SZ_TOPˈSZ_MID
੠SZ_BOTDŽ᳝њϞЁϟ㸼䴶ⱘᑨ࡯ऩ‫ܗ‬㸼ˈህৃҹᦤপ㭘㝰ᑨ࡯੠ᔃⶽᑨ࡯њDŽ
߽⫼߫㸼ᰒ⼎ऩ‫ܗ‬㸼‫ݙ‬ᆍⱘੑҸĀpretab, SY_TOP, SY_MID, SY_BOT, SZ_TOP,
SZ_MID, SZ_BOTāᕫࠄབ೒15.8᠔⼎ⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰˈ೒Ёᰒ⼎ⱘᰃࠡ䴶10Ͼऩ‫ⱘܗ‬㒧ᵰDŽ

೒15.8 ϞЁϟ㸼䴶ⱘ㒉৥㭘㝰ᑨ࡯੠⦃৥㭘㝰ᑨ࡯䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ

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 ㄀ゴ䭓᷅ᔶ໽✊⇨㔤೼‫ݙ‬य़԰⫼ϟⱘ䴭࡯ߚᵤ

ԚᰃЎњ䖯ϔℹ㦋ᕫऩ‫ˈ࡯ݙⱘܗ‬䖬ৃҹ䗮䖛ϟ䴶ऩ‫ܗ‬㸼ⱘᅮН㦋ᕫ㭘㝰࡯੠㭘㝰
ᔃⶽDŽ
⫼㒉৥㭘㝰࡯㓪োĀSMISC,13ā੠⦃৥㭘㝰࡯㓪োĀSMISC,14āᅮН㒉৥੠⦃৥㭘㝰
࡯ऩ‫ܗ‬㸼TX_TOPˈ੠TZ_TOPˈᇚ㭘㝰࡯䰸ҹຕ८ৃҹᕫࠄ㭘㝰ᑨ࡯DŽ
⫼㒉৥㭘㝰ᔃⶽ㓪োĀSMISC,16ā੠⦃৥㭘㝰ᔃⶽ㓪োĀSMISC,17āᅮН㒉৥੠⦃৥
ᔃⶽऩ‫ܗ‬㸼MX_TOP੠MZ_TOPDŽᇚᔃⶽ䰸ҹຕ८ⱘᑇᮍˈ‫ݡ‬Ьҹ6ˈৃҹ㦋ᕫ㒉৥ᔃ᳆ᑨ
࡯BENDSY੠⦃৥ᔃ᳆ᑨ࡯BENDSZDŽ
߽⫼߫㸼ᰒ⼎ऩ‫ܗ‬㸼‫ݙ‬ᆍⱘੑҸĀpretab, TX_TOP, TZ_TOP, MX_TOP, MZ_TOP,
BENDSY, BENDSZāᕫࠄབ೒15.9᠔⼎ⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰˈ೒Ёᰒ⼎ⱘᰃࠡ䴶10Ͼऩ‫ⱘܗ‬㒧ᵰDŽ

೒15.9 ໇ԧ䴶‫ⱘݙ‬㒉৥੠⦃৥㭘㝰࡯੠ᔃⶽҹঞᔃ᳆ᑨ࡯

15.3.3 ⑤⿟ᑣ
Finish
/Clear
!(1)ᅮН෎ᴀখ᭄
h1=298.5 ! ᇕ༈ⱘ催ᑺതᷛ298.5 mm
b1=44.5 ! ᇕ༈ⱘ‫ݙ‬ञᕘ44.5 mm
b2=b1+23 ! ᇕ༈ⱘ໪ञᕘ44.5+23mm८ᑺ
b12=b1/2+b2/2 ! ᇕ༈Ё䴶ⱘञᕘ
r1=185 ! 㔤ԧ‫ݙ‬ञᕘ185mm
r2=203 ! 㔤ԧ໪ञᕘ203mm
r12=r1/2+r2/2 ! 㔤ԧЁ䴶ञᕘ
!(2)ᅮН໇ԧЁ䴶Ϟⱘ݇䬂⚍
/Prep7 ! 䖯ܹࠡ໘⧚῵ഫ
/Title, Long Cyclinder Pressure Vessel for CNG
k,1,b12,h1 ! ᇕ༈Ё䴶ⱘ䍋ྟ⚍

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 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

k,2,b12,sqrt(r12*r12-b12*b12) ! ᇕ༈Ё䴶੠ッ䚼㔤ԧञ⧗ⱘѸ⚍
k,3,r12,0 ! 㔤ԧञ⧗੠㔤ԧЏԧⱘѸ⚍
k,4,r12,-1000+h1 ! 㔤ԧЏԧ៾ᮁ⚍
k,5,0,0 ! തᷛॳ⚍
!(3)ᅮН໇ԧЁ䴶ⱘ㒓
L,1,2 ! ᇕ༈Ё䴶
L,3,4 ! 㔤ԧЏԧ
Larc,3,2,5,r12 ! 㔤ԧッ䚼ⱘञ⧗
LFILLT,1,3,63/2+40/2,, ! 㔤ԧञ⧗੠ᇕ༈Ё䴶ⱘ‫צ‬೚㒓
SFL,1,PRES,-23 ! ‫ݙ‬य़23 MPa
SFL,4,PRES,-23 ! ‫ݙ‬य़23 MPa
SFL,3,PRES,23 ! ‫ݙ‬य़23 MPa
SFL,2,PRES,-23 ! ‫ݙ‬य़23 MPa
!(4)ᅮНऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟǃᴤ᭭খ᭄੠ᅲᐌ᭄
ANTYPE,STATIC ! ᅮНߚᵤ㉏ൟЎ䴭࡯ߚᵤ
ET,1,SHELL51 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬Ў䕈ᇍ⿄໇ԧऩ‫ܗ‬SHELL51
!KEYOPT,1,4,1
MP,EX,1,206E3 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣Ў206 GPa
MP,NUXY,1,0.3 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨NUXY=0.3
!(5)ᅮНᅲᐌ᭄ˈᇚ㔤ԧЁ䴶㒓ࠪߚЎ㒓ऩ‫ܗ‬
R,1,18 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᅲᐌ᭄ˈЏ㔤ԧⱘຕ८18mm
Lesize,all,10 ! ᅮН㒓ऩ‫ߚࠪܗ‬ሎᇌЎ10mm
Lmesh,2 ! ᇚ㔤ԧ᠔೼䚼ߚࠪߚЎ㒓ऩ‫ܗ‬
Lmesh,3 ! ᇚ㔤ԧ᠔೼䚼ߚࠪߚЎ㒓ऩ‫ܗ‬
R,2,23 ! ᅮН㄀2㉏ᅲᐌ᭄ˈᇕ༈ⱘࡴ८䚼ߚ23mm
Real,2 ! ᇚᅲᐌ᭄㉏ൟߛᤶЎ㄀2োᅲᐌ᭄
Lmesh,1 ! ᇚᇕ༈䚼ߚࠪߚЎ㒓ऩ‫ܗ‬
Lmesh,4 ! ᇚᇕ༈Ϣञ⧗ⱘ‫צ‬೚䚼ߚࠪߚЎ㒓ऩ‫ܗ‬
!(6)ᦤপᣛᅮԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍ˈᮑࡴッ䚼ᇕ༈ᢝ࡯੠㔤ԧ‫ݙ‬य़
BottNode=Node(r12,-1000+h1,0) ! ᦤপᑩ䚼ԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍㓪োˈੑৡЎBottNode
TopNode=Node(b12,h1,0) ! ᦤপᇕ༈ᓔྟԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍㓪োˈੑৡЎTopNode
D,BottNode,UY,,,,,UZ,ROTZ ! ೼ᑩ䚼៾ᓔԡ㕂ᮑࡴা‫ܕ‬䆌Xᮍ৥ԡ㕂ⱘ㑺ᴳ
F,TopNode,FY, 143086 ! ッ䚼ᇕ༈ᢝ࡯ᘏড়࡯143086N
FINISH ! 䗔ߎࠡ໘⧚῵ഫPREP7
!(7)೼∖㾷῵ഫЁˈ䆒㕂䕧ߎ䗝乍ৢ∖㾷
/SOLU ! ࡴ䕑∖㾷῵ഫ
OUTPR,ALL,1 ! 䕧ߎ㄀1㥋䕑ℹⱘ᠔᳝䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
SOLVE ! ᓔྟ∖㾷
FINISH ! 䗔ߎ∖㾷῵ഫSOLUTION
!(8)೼ৢ໘⧚῵ഫᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬㸼ˈᦤপऩ‫ܗ‬ᑨ࡯
/POST1 ! 䖯ܹϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
PLDISP,2 ! ೒ᔶᰒ⼎䕈ᇍ⿄㒧ᵘবᔶᚙ‫މ‬

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 ㄀ゴ䭓᷅ᔶ໽✊⇨㔤೼‫ݙ‬य़԰⫼ϟⱘ䴭࡯ߚᵤ

ETABLE,SY_TOP,LS,1 ! ҹϞ㸼䴶ⱘ㒉৥㭘㝰ᑨ࡯Ў‫ݙ‬ᆍᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬㸼SY_TOP
ETABLE,SY_MID,LS,5 ! ҹЁ䴶ⱘ㒉৥㭘㝰ᑨ࡯Ў‫ݙ‬ᆍᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬㸼SY_MID
ETABLE,SY_BOT,LS,9 ! ҹϟ㸼䴶ⱘ㒉৥㭘㝰ᑨ࡯Ў‫ݙ‬ᆍᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬㸼SY_BOT
ETABLE,SZ_TOP,LS,3 ! ҹϞ㸼䴶ⱘ⦃৥㭘㝰ᑨ࡯Ў‫ݙ‬ᆍᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬㸼SZ_TOP
ETABLE,SZ_MID,LS,7 ! ҹЁ䴶ⱘ⦃৥㭘㝰ᑨ࡯Ў‫ݙ‬ᆍᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬㸼SZ_MID
ETABLE,SZ_BOT,LS,11 ! ҹϟ㸼䴶ⱘ⦃৥㭘㝰ᑨ࡯Ў‫ݙ‬ᆍᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬㸼SZ_BOT
ETABLE,TX_TOP,SMISC,13 ! ҹ㒉৥㭘㝰࡯Ў‫ݙ‬ᆍᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬㸼TX_TOP
ETABLE,TZ_TOP,SMISC,14 ! ҹ⦃৥㭘㝰ᑨ࡯Ў‫ݙ‬ᆍᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬㸼TZ_TOP
ETABLE,MX_TOP,SMISC,16 ! ҹ㒉৥㭘㝰ᔃⶽЎ‫ݙ‬ᆍᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬㸼MX_TOP
ETABLE,MZ_TOP,SMISC,17 ! ҹ⦃৥㭘㝰ᔃⶽЎ‫ݙ‬ᆍᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬㸼MZ_TOP
SADD,BendSY,SY_TOP,SY_BOT,0.5,-0.5, , ! ᇚϞϟ㸼䴶㒉৥㭘㝰ᑨ࡯԰Ꮒҹᦤপ㒉৥ᔃ
᳆ᑨ࡯
SADD,bendSZ,SZ_TOP,SZ_BOT,0.5,-0.5, , ! ᇚϞϟ㸼䴶⦃৥㭘㝰ᑨ࡯԰Ꮒҹᦤপ⦃৥ᔃ
᳆ᑨ࡯
pretab, SY_TOP, SY_MID, SY_BOT, SZ_TOP, SZ_MID, SZ_BOT ! ߫㸼ᰒ⼎ऩ‫ܗ‬㸼㒧ᵰ
pretab, TX_TOP, TZ_TOP, MX_TOP, MZ_TOP, BENDSY, BENDSZ ! ߫㸼ᰒ⼎ऩ‫ܗ‬㸼㒧ᵰҹঞ
ऩ‫ⱘܗ‬㒉৥ᔃ᳆ᑨ࡯੠⦃৥ᔃ᳆ᑨ࡯

15.3.4 䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
߽⫼Ϟ䴶⿟ᑣˈ䅵ㅫᕫࠄབ㸼15.3᠔⼎ⱘᑨ࡯㒧ᵰDŽ㸼Ё߫ߎⱘᰃࠡ䴶6Ͼऩ‫ܗ‬੠᳔ৢ
3Ͼऩ‫ⱘܗ‬㒧ᵰˈ݊Ёࣙᣀ໇ԧऩ‫ܗ‬Ϟ㸼䴶ˈЁ䴶੠ϟ㸼䴶ⱘ㒉৥੠⦃৥ᑨ࡯䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ˄ऩ
ԡMPa˅DŽSY_TOPᰃϞ㸼䴶㒉৥ᑨ࡯ˈSY_MIDᰃЁ䴶㒉৥ᑨ࡯ˈSY_BOTᰃϟ㸼䴶㒉৥
ᑨ࡯DŽSZ_TOPᰃϞ㸼䴶⦃৥ᑨ࡯ˈSZ_MIDᰃЁ䴶⦃৥ᑨ࡯ˈSZ_BOTᰃϟ㸼䴶⦃৥ᑨ࡯DŽ
㸼15.3 ໇ԧϞЁϟ㸼䴶ⱘ㒉৥੠⦃৥ᑨ࡯
ऩ ‫ ܗ‬ো SY_TOP SY_MID SY_BOT SZ_TOP SZ_MID SZ_BOT
1 132.79 116.83 100.86 207.62 199.38 191.14
2 148.92 116.57 84.226 226.24 213.09 199.93
3 157.40 116.44 75.481 241.18 225.45 209.71
4 160.27 116.39 72.519 252.62 236.01 219.40
5 159.28 116.41 73.540 260.93 244.62 228.31
6 155.85 116.46 77.076 266.58 251.32 236.05
… … … … … … …
105 68.793 41.905 15.017 159.12 165.72 172.32
106 107.05 54.525 2.0040 173.75 171.05 168.36
107 126.82 66.590 6.3627 179.23 169.43 159.64

㸼15.4㒭ߎњ䖭ѯऩ‫ܗ‬䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰЁⱘ᳔ᇣؐ੠᳔໻ؐDŽЁ䴶㒉৥㭘㝰ᑨ࡯᳔໻ؐ
117.71MPaߎ⦄೼74োऩ‫ˈܗ‬ড়៤ⱘ‫ݙ‬㸼䴶᳔໻ᑨ࡯160.27MPaߎ⦄೼4োऩ‫ˈܗ‬ড়៤ⱘ໪
㸼䴶᳔໻ᑨ࡯176.19MPaߎ⦄೼93োऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ

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 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

㸼15.4 ໇ԧϞЁϟ㸼䴶ⱘ㒉৥੠⦃৥ᑨ࡯᳔໻ؐঞ݊᠔೼ऩ‫ܗ‬
㒉৥੠⦃৥ᑨ࡯ऩ‫ܗ‬㸼 SY_TOP SY_MID SY_BOT SZ_TOP SZ_MID SZ_BOT
᠔೼ऩ‫ܗ‬ 101 94 106 98 97 96
᳔ᇣؐ 23.177 17.930 2.0040 60.259 60.707 59.665
᠔೼ऩ‫ܗ‬ 4 74 93 9 12 14
᳔໻ؐ 160.27 117.71 176.19 272.56 263.71 257.46

Ё 䴶 ⦃ ৥ 㭘 㝰 ᑨ ࡯ ᳔ ໻ ؐ 263.71MPa ߎ⦄೼ 12 ো ऩ ‫ˈ ܗ‬ড় ៤ ⱘ ໪ 㸼 䴶 ᳔ ໻ ᑨ ࡯

257.46MPaߎ⦄೼14োऩ‫ˈܗ‬ড়៤ⱘ‫ݙ‬㸼䴶᳔໻ᑨ࡯272.56MPaߎ⦄೼9োऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ
㸼15.5㒭ߎњࠡ䴶6Ͼऩ‫ܗ‬੠᳔ৢ3Ͼऩ‫ⱘܗ‬೼ऩ‫ܗ‬ᆑᑺϞⱘ㒉৥㭘㝰࡯TX_TOP੠⦃
৥㭘㝰࡯TZ_TOPˈऩ‫ܗ‬ᆑᑺϞ㒉৥ᔃⶽMX_TOP੠⦃৥ᔃⶽMZ_TOPˈҹঞᔃⶽᓩ䍋ⱘ㒉
৥ᔃ᳆ᑨ࡯BENDSY੠⦃৥ᔃ᳆ᑨ࡯BENDSZDŽ݊Ёⱘᔃ᳆ᑨ࡯ᰃ⬅㄀3߫੠㄀4߫ⱘᔃⶽ
䅵ㅫᕫࠄⱘDŽ
㸼15.5 ໇ԧ䴶‫ⱘݙ‬㒉৥੠⦃৥㭘㝰࡯੠ᔃⶽҹঞᔃ᳆ᑨ࡯
ऩ ‫ܗ‬ TX_TOP TZ_TOP MX_TOP MZ_TOP BENDSY BENDSZ
1 2102.9 3588.9 862.26 444.98 15.968 8.2403
2 2098.3 3835.6 1746.7 710.31 32.346 13.154
3 2095.9 4058.0 2211.7 849.82 40.958 15.737
4 2095.1 4248.2 2369.2 897.07 43.875 16.612
5 2095.4 4403.2 2314.9 880.78 42.869 16.311
6 2096.3 4523.7 2126.9 824.37 39.387 15.266
… … … … … … …
105 963.82 3811.6 2370.7 581.77 26.888 -6.5985
106 1254.1 3934.2 4630.6 237.70 52.521 2.6960
107 1531.6 3897.0 5310.0 863.37 60.227 9.7925

㸼15.6Ё㒭ߎњ㸼15.5Ё৘乍䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰⱘ᳔ᇣؐ੠᳔໻ؐˈঞ݊ߎ⦄䖭ѯᵕؐⱘऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ
Ң䖭ѯ᭄᥂ৃҹⳟߎ ˈ᳔໻㒉৥㭘㝰࡯2118.8N/mߎ⦄೼74োऩ‫ ˈܗ‬᳔໻⦃৥㭘㝰࡯
4746.8N/mߎ⦄೼12োऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ᳔໻㒉৥ᔃⶽ5310N·m/mߎ⦄೼107োऩ‫˄ܗ‬ᓩ䍋ⱘᔃ᳆ᑨ࡯
Ў 60.227MPa ˅ ˈ ᳔ ᇣ 㒉 ৥ ᔃ ⶽ 4373.6N·m/m ߎ ⦄ ೼ 93 ো ऩ ‫ ˄ ܗ‬ᓩ 䍋 ⱘ ᔃ ᳆ ᑨ ࡯ Ў
80.993MPa˅DŽ᳔໻⦃৥ᔃⶽ897.07N·m/mߎ⦄೼4োऩ‫ˈܗ‬᳔ᇣ⦃৥ᔃⶽ1343.4N·m/mߎ
⦄೼93োऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ
㸼15.6 ໇ԧ䴶‫ⱘݙ‬㒉৥੠⦃৥㭘㝰࡯੠ᔃⶽҹঞᔃ᳆ᑨ࡯ᑨ࡯᳔໻ؐঞ݊᠔೼ऩ‫ܗ‬

㒧ᵰऩ‫ܗ‬㸼ৡ⿄ TX_TOP TZ_TOP MX_TOP MZ_TOP BENDSY BENDSZ

᠔೼ऩ‫ܗ‬ 94 97 93 93 93 93
᳔ᇣؐ 412.39 1396.3 4373.6 1343.4 80.993 24.878
᠔೼ऩ‫ܗ‬ 74 12 107 4 107 4
᳔໻ؐ 2118.8 4746.8 5310.0 897.07 60.227 16.612

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15.3.5 ㄦԧ䚼ߚ⧚䆎㾷
ᣝ✻ᴤ᭭࡯ᄺᮍ⊩ˈৃҹ䖥Ԑഄᕫࠄㄦԧ䚼ߚⱘ㭘㝰ᑨ࡯DŽ㒧ᵘ䅵ㅫⱘ޴ԩሎᇌᣝЁ
䴶ሎᇌপؐ˖
ᇕ༈ञᕘ˖44.5+11.5=56mmˈຕ८23mmDŽ
ㄦԧञᕘ˖185+9=194mmˈຕ८18mmDŽ
(1) ㄦԧ䚼ԡⱘ㒉৥ᑨ࡯DŽ
ᇕ༈Ϟⱘᘏᢝ࡯ᣝᅲ䰙ⱘᡩᕅ䴶⿃পؐˈे˖
2
F 1 =´h89 /4h23=143086N
‫ݙ‬य़೼ञ⧗੠‫צ‬೚䚼ԡⱘᡩᕅ䴶⿃Ϟⱘᘏᢝ࡯˖
2 2
F 2 =´h(194 56 )h23=2492854N
ᘏড়࡯ѻ⫳ⱘㄦԧ㒉৥ᑨ࡯Ў˖
F + F2 143086 + 2492854
³y = 1 = =120.138MPa
A 3. 14159 × 194 × 18
(2) ස඘Ϧส‫ܬ‬຿࿫ॏd
pD 23 ×194 × 2
¶z = = =247.89MPa
2t 2 × 18
↨䕗Ϟ䴶ⱘ⧚䆎㾷੠᭄ؐ㾷ˈ೼ㄦԧЁⱘ᭄ؐ㾷ᰃ˖ㄦԧ㒉৥ᑨ࡯117MPaˈㄦԧ⦃৥
ᑨ࡯259.30MPaDŽП᠔ҹѻ⫳䖭ḋⱘ‫أ‬Ꮒᰃ಴Ў೼᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟЁˈ 㥋䕑া㛑ᮑࡴ೼ऩ‫ܗ‬㸼䴶DŽ
⿟ᑣЁⱘ㥋䕑䰸њञ⧗ҹ໪䛑ᮑࡴ೼໇ԧⱘ໪㸼䴶DŽгህᰃ䇈ˈ‫ݙ‬य़೼ञ⧗‫ݙ‬ջ੠‫צ‬೚䚼
ԡⱘᡩᕅ䴶⿃Ϟⱘᘏᢝ࡯ᑨ䆹ᡬㅫⳌᑨⱘᡩᕅ䴶⿃DŽ
ᇍѢㄦԧ䚼ߚⱘ⦃৥ᑨ࡯ˈᣝ໪㸼䴶᳝䋳य़࡯䅵ㅫˈय़࡯ⱘᡩᕅ䴶⿃ᑨ䆹ЎA=1h203ˈ
ফ䕑⦃৥ᑨ࡯៾䴶ؐЎ36ˈ᠔ҹ᳔㒜ⱘ⦃৥ᑨ࡯ᑨ䆹Ў˖
2 × 203 × 23
¶z = =259.4MPa
36
䖭ᯊⱘ㒧ᵰህ੠᳝䰤‫ܗ‬㾷ㄨ䴲ᐌ᥹䖥њDŽ

15.3.6 㒧ᵰ䅼䆎
ҢҹϞⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰৃҹⳟߎˈㄦԧЁⱘ㭘㝰ᑨ࡯ᰃЏ㽕ᑨ࡯DŽ䰸೼ᇕ༈䚼ԡⱘ‫צ‬೚ԡ
㕂໪ջ᳝䕗催ⱘᑨ࡯໪ˈ݊ԭԡ㕂ᑨ࡯䕗ԢDŽᭈϾ㒧ᵘⱘ᳔໻ᑨ࡯ߎ⦄೼ㄦԧ੠ञ⧗ⳌѸ
ԡ㕂䰘䖥DŽ
೒15.10㒭ߎⱘᰃЁ䴶Ϟ㒉৥ᑨ࡯ߚᏗ೒ˈ᳔ᇣᑨ࡯17.93MPaߎ⦄೼ᇕ༈ԡ㕂˄⫼MN
ᷛ䆚˅ˈ᳔໻㒉৥ᑨ࡯117.71MPaߎ⦄೼ञ⧗䴴䖥ㄦԧԡ㕂˄⫼MXᷛ䆚˅ˈㄦԧ䚼ԡⱘ㒉
৥ᑨ࡯໻䛑ᰃ೼110MPaᎺেDŽ
೒15.11㒭ߎⱘᰃЁ䴶Ϟ⦃৥ᑨ࡯ߚᏗ೒ˈ᳔ᇣᑨ࡯60.707MPaߎ⦄೼ᇕ༈ԡ㕂˄⫼MN
ᷛ䆚˅ˈ᳔໻⦃৥ᑨ࡯263.711MPaߎ⦄೼ㄦԧ䴴䖥ञ⧗ԡ㕂˄⫼MXᷛ䆚˅ˈㄦԧ䚼ԡⱘ
⦃৥ᑨ࡯໻䛑ᰃ೼250MPaᎺেDŽ

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೒15.10 Ё䴶Ϟ㒉৥ᑨ࡯ⱘߚᏗ೒

೒15.11 Ё䴶Ϟ⦃৥ᑨ࡯ߚᏗ೒

೒15.12㒭ߎⱘᰃ㒉৥ᔃ᳆ᑨ࡯ߚᏗ೒ˈ᳔ᇣ㒉৥ᔃ᳆ᑨ࡯80.993MPaߎ⦄‫צ‬೚Ϣञ⧗
Ⳍ᥹ԡ㕂˄⫼MNᷛ䆚˅ˈ᳔໻㒉৥ᔃ᳆ᑨ࡯60.227MPaгߎ⦄೼‫צ‬೚Ϣञ⧗Ⳍ᥹ԡ㕂˄⫼
MXᷛ䆚˅ˈ䖭ৃ㛑ᰃ⬅Ѣ‫צ‬೚䚼ߚ८ᑺ23mmˈ㗠ञ⧗ⱘ८ᑺা᳝18mmⱘ८ᑺব࣪᠔㟈DŽ
ㄦԧ䚼ԡⱘ㒉৥ᔃ᳆ᑨ࡯䛑ᕜᇣDŽ

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೒15.12 㒉৥ᔃ᳆ᑨ࡯ߚᏗ೒

೒15.13㒭ߎⱘᰃ⦃৥ᔃ᳆ᑨ࡯ߚᏗ೒ˈ᳔ᇣ⦃৥ᔃ᳆ᑨ࡯24.878MPaߎ⦄‫צ‬೚Ϣञ⧗
Ⳍ᥹ԡ㕂˄⫼MNᷛ䆚˅ˈ᳔໻⦃৥ᔃ᳆ᑨ࡯16.612MPaߎ⦄೼ञ⧗Ϟ䴴䖥ㄦԧԡ㕂˄⫼MX
ᷛ䆚˅DŽㄦԧ䚼ԡⱘ㒉৥ᔃ᳆ᑨ࡯䛑ᕜᇣDŽ

೒15.13 ⦃৥ᔃ᳆ᑨ࡯ߚᏗ೒

೒15.14㒭ߎⱘᰃ‫ݙ‬㸼䴶㒉৥ᑨ࡯ߚᏗDŽ

548
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೒15.14 ‫ݙ‬㸼䴶㒉৥ᑨ࡯ߚᏗ೒

೒15.15㒭ߎⱘᰃ໪㸼䴶㒉৥ᑨ࡯ߚᏗDŽ

೒15.15 ໪㸼䴶㒉৥ᑨ࡯ߚᏗ೒

೒15.16㒭ߎⱘᰃ‫ݙ‬㸼䴶⦃৥ᑨ࡯ߚᏗDŽ
೒15.17㒭ߎⱘᰃ໪㸼䴶㒉৥ᑨ࡯ߚᏗDŽ

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 ㄀ゴ䭓᷅ᔶ໽✊⇨㔤೼‫ݙ‬य़԰⫼ϟⱘ䴭࡯ߚᵤ

೒15.16 ‫ݙ‬㸼䴶⦃৥ᑨ࡯ߚᏗ೒

೒15.17 ໪㸼䴶㒉৥ᑨ࡯ߚᏗ೒

15.4 ߽⫼8㡖⚍2Dᅲԧऩ‫ܗ‬PLANE82ऩ‫ܗ‬䅵ㅫ
ࠡ䴶߽⫼䕈ᇍ⿄ऩ‫ܗ‬SHELL51䖯㸠њ䴭࡯䅵ㅫˈᕫࠄњᆍ఼೼‫ݙ‬य़੠ッ䚼ᇕ༈ᢝ࡯԰
⫼ϟⱘᑨ࡯ߚᏗˈᑊϨߚ⾏ߎњЁ䴶㭘㝰ᑨ࡯੠ᔃ᳆ᑨ࡯㒧ᵰDŽԚᰃ໇ԧऩ‫ܗ‬᳝ϔϾ㔎⚍ˈ
ህᰃ೼䅵ㅫ㥋䕑ᯊˈᣝ㒧ᵘⱘЁ䴶䅵ㅫˈຕ८া೼ᑨ࡯䅵ㅫᓣЁ䍋԰⫼ˈ᠔ҹᑨ࡯䅵ㅫ㒧

550
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

ᵰˈϔ㠀ᰃ‫أ‬໻ⱘ˄㥋䕑ᣝ‫ݙ‬य़ᮑࡴ˅ˈ៪㗙‫أ‬ᇣ˄㥋䕑ᣝ໪य़ᮑࡴ˅DŽ
‫צ‬೚䚼ԡⱘ८ᑺব࣪䖲㓁䖛⏵ˈ೼໇ԧऩ‫ܗ‬῵ൟЁ≵᳝䅵ܹຕ८䖲㓁ব࣪ⱘᕅડˈৠ
ᯊЁ䴶ⱘᓎ῵ԡ㕂੠ᅲ䰙㒧ᵘⱘЁ䴶⬹᳝‫أ‬ᏂDŽ
Ўњ偠䆕ࠡ䴶䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰⱘℷ⹂ᗻ੠८ᑺ䖛⏵ऎඳ䰘䖥ⱘᑨ࡯ߚᏗˈϟ䴶䞛⫼ᑇ䴶ᅲԧ
ऩ‫ܗ‬PLANE82ˈ߽⫼݊䕈ᇍ⿄ߚᵤࡳ㛑ˈ䖯㸠䅵ㅫDŽ

15.4.1 ᓎゟ῵ൟ
ᣝ✻䕈ᇍ⿄῵ൟˈা䳔㽕ᣝ✻೒15.18Ёⱘ㒚䚼ሎᇌ੠݇䬂⚍ǃ㒓ⱘᏗ㕂ˈ߽⫼ANSYS
Ё㞾ϟ㗠Ϟⱘᓎ῵ᮍᓣˈᓎゟ㒧ᵘⱘࠪ䴶ऎඳDŽ䱣ৢ೼ᇕ༈ッ䚼ᮑࡴᢝ࡯ˈ‫ݙ‬䚼䖍㒓Ϟᮑ
ࡴ‫ݙ‬य़㥋䕑23MPaˈᑩ䚼៾ᮁԡ㕂ᮑࡴϞϟᇍ⿄ԡ⿏䖍⬠ᴵӊDŽ䗮䖛∖㾷ৃҹᕫࠄࠪ䴶೒
Ёⱘ৘⚍ⱘ䴶‫ݙ‬ᑨ࡯ߚᏗ੠⦃৥ᑨ࡯ߚᏗDŽ

೒15.18 ッ䚼㒚㡖ሎᇌ⼎ᛣ೒ҹঞᅲԧᓎ῵݇䬂⚍੠㒓ⱘᏗ㕂

ᇕ༈ッ䚼ᮑࡴ೼∈ᑇ㒓Ϟⱘᢝᑨ࡯ᑨ䆹Ў˖
F p 89 2 / 4 × 23
³1 = 1 = =17.68MPa
A p (135 2 − 89 2 ) / 4
䆹㥋䕑ৃҹⳈ᥹԰Ў㒓Ϟⱘय़࡯㥋䕑ᮑࡴ೼∈ᑇ㒓ϞDŽ

15.4.2 䅵ㅫ䖛⿟
ϟ䴶㒭ߎ⫼䕈ᇍ⿄ᅲԧऩ‫ܗ‬PLANE82ⱘ∖㾷䖛⿟˖

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(1) Շ࿌‫·ݮ‬ϵ೴d
ᅮНᇕ༈ⱘ催ᑺതᷛЎh1=298.5mmˈᇕ༈ⱘ‫ݙ‬ञᕘb1=44.5mmˈᇕ༈ⱘ໪ञᕘЎ
b2=44.5+23mmˈ㔤ԧ‫ݙ‬ञᕘЎr1=185mmˈ㔤ԧ໪ञᕘЎr2=203mmDŽ
(2) Շ࿌୉ੋ௕့Ψ࠘౨ԅ‫ߏڑ‬Ԥd
ᅮНᷛ乬Ā/Title, Long Cyclinder Pressure Vessel for CNG with PLANE82.āDŽ
⫼Ā/Prep7ā䖯ܹࠡ໘⧚῵ഫৢˈ⫼ᅮН݇䬂⚍ੑҸĀk,1,b1,h1āᅮНᇕ༈䍋ྟッ‫ݙ‬ջ
ⱘ⚍DŽ⫼Āk,2,b2,h1āᅮНᇕ༈䍋ྟッ໪ջⱘ⚍ˈ⫼Āk,3,b1,sqrt(r1*r1b1*b1)āᅮНᇕ༈
‫ݙ‬ջࠪ䴶㒓੠㔤ԧञ⧗‫ࠪݙ‬䴶㒓ⱘѸ⚍ˈ⫼Āk,4,b2,sqrt(r2*r2b2*b2)āᅮНᇕ༈໪ջࠪ䴶
㒓੠㔤ԧञ⧗໪ࠪ䴶㒓ⱘѸ⚍DŽ
⫼Āk,5,r1,0āᅮН㔤ԧञ⧗੠㔤ԧЏԧⱘ‫ݙ‬ջѸ⚍ˈ⫼Āk,6,r2,0āᅮН㔤ԧञ⧗੠㔤
ԧЏԧⱘ໪ջѸ⚍ˈ⫼Āk,7,0,0āᅮНതᷛॳ⚍DŽ
⫼Āk,8,r1,1000+h1āᅮН㔤ԧЏԧ៾ᮁ‫ݙ‬ջ⚍ˈ⫼Āk,9,r2,1000+h1āᅮН㔤ԧЏ
ԧ៾ᮁ໪ջ⚍ˈ⫼ĀK,10,0,h1āᅮНᇕ༈䍋ྟッᇍ⿄㒓Ϟⱘ⚍DŽ
㒣䖛䖭ѯᓎゟ݇䬂⚍ⱘੑҸৢˈᕫࠄབ೒15.19᠔⼎ⱘ݇䬂⚍Ꮧ㕂DŽ

೒15.19 䕈ᇍ⿄ᅲԧऩ‫ࠪܗ‬䴶Ϟⱘ݇䬂⚍Ꮧ㕂

(3) Շ࿌ถюࠒ‫ٲ‬୉ੋ௕့ԅຬēωՇ࿌୉ੋd
⫼ᅮН㒓ⱘੑҸ“L,1,2ā䖛݇䬂⚍1੠2ᅮНᇕ༈䍋ྟッ∈ᑇ㒓ˈ⫼“L,1,3āᅮНᇕ༈‫ݙ‬
ջオⳈ㒓ˈ⫼“ L,2,4āᅮНᇕ༈໪ջオⳈ㒓DŽ⫼“ L,5,8āᅮН㔤ԧЏԧ‫ݙ‬ջ㒓ˈ⫼“ L,8,9ā
ᅮН㔤ԧЏԧ៾ᮁԡ㕂∈ᑇ㒓ˈ⫼“L,6,9āᅮН㔤ԧЏԧ໪ջ㒓DŽ
⫼ᅮН೚ᓻ㒓ੑҸ“Larc,5,3,7,r1ā䖛5োˈ3ো݇䬂⚍ˈҹ7ো݇䬂⚍Ў೚ᖗˈr1Ўञᕘ
‫خ‬ञ⧗‫ݙ‬೚ᓻ㒓DŽ⫼“ Larc,6,4,7,r2ā䖛6োˈ4ো݇䬂⚍ˈҹ7ো݇䬂⚍Ў೚ᖗˈr2Ўञᕘ‫خ‬
ञ⧗໪೚ᓻ㒓DŽ⫼㒓‫צ‬೚ੑҸ“LFILLT,2,7,63,,ā䖛2োˈ7ো㒓ˈҹञᕘ63mm‫خ‬ञ⧗‫ݙ‬ջԡ
㕂ⱘ‫צ‬೚DŽ⫼“LFILLT,3,8,40,,ā䖛3োˈ8ো㒓ˈҹञᕘ40mm‫خ‬ञ⧗໪ջԡ㕂ⱘ‫צ‬೚DŽ

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㒣䖛䖭ѯੑҸৢᕫࠄབ೒15.20᠔⼎ⱘ㒓DŽ

೒15.20 䕈ᇍ⿄ᅲԧऩ‫ࠪܗ‬䴶Ϟⱘ㒓ⱘᏗ㕂

⫼ᅮН䴶ⱘੑҸĀAL,allāᇚ᠔᳝㒓ೈ៤ⱘऎඳᅮНЎϔϾ䴶˄བ೒15.21᠔⼎˅DŽ

೒15.21 ᇚ䖍⬠㒓䖲᥹ೈ៤䕈ᇍ⿄ᅲԧऩ‫ࠪܗ‬䴶

(4) Շ࿌Ӧ၍फ໸cϫॸϵ೴ۤಬШ೴d
⫼ Ā ANTYPE,STATIC” ᅮ Н ߚ ᵤ ㉏ ൟ Ў 䴭 ࡯ ߚ ᵤ DŽ ⫼ ऩ ‫ ㉏ ܗ‬ൟ ᅮ Н ੑ Ҹ
ĀET,1,PLANE82”ᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬ᰃ8㡖⚍Ѡ㓈ᅲԧऩ‫⫼(ܗ‬䕈ᇍ⿄䗝乍)DŽ⫼ĀKEYOPT,1,3,1ā
ᅮНऩ‫ⱘܗ‬㄀3Ͼৃ䗝乍ˈᠧᓔ䕈ᇍ⿄䗝乍DŽ
⫼ᅮНᴤ᭭খ᭄ੑҸ“MP,EX,1,207E3 āᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣EX=207GPaˈ⫼
ĀMP,NUXY,1, 0.3āᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨NUXY=0.3DŽ

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(5) Շ࿌สྭၟ೯ۤ۠ၻd
⫼㒓Ϟԡ⿏㑺ᴳੑҸĀDL,5,,SYMMā㒭5ো㒓ᅮНᇍ⿄ԡ⿏ᴵӊDŽ
⫼㒓Ϟय़࡯㥋䕑ᅮНੑҸ ĀSFL,2,PRES,23,,,,ā㒭ࠪ䴶㒓ⱘ‫ݙ‬ջ㒓2ᮑࡴ‫ݙ‬य़㥋䕑
23MPaˈ⫼“SFL,4,PRES,23,,,,ā㒭ࠪ䴶㒓ⱘ‫ݙ‬ջ㒓4ᮑࡴ‫ݙ‬य़㥋䕑23MPaˈ⫼“SFL,7,PRES,
23,,,,ā㒭ࠪ䴶㒓ⱘ‫ݙ‬ջ㒓7ᮑࡴ‫ݙ‬य़㥋䕑23MPaˈ⫼“SFL,9,PRES,23,,,,ā㒭ࠪ䴶㒓ⱘ‫ݙ‬ջ㒓
9ᮑࡴ‫ݙ‬य़㥋䕑23MPaDŽ
⫼ĀSFL,1,PRES,17.681,ā㒭ッ䚼ᇕ༈∈ᑇ㒓ᮑࡴᇕ༈Ӵ䗦䖛ᴹⱘ17.681MPaDŽᮑࡴ
㥋䕑ৢⱘ䅵ㅫ῵ൟབ೒15.22᠔⼎DŽ

೒15.22 䕈ᇍ⿄ᅲԧऩ‫ࠪܗ‬䴶Ϟ‫ݙ‬य़㥋䕑੠ᇕ༈ッ䚼䲚Ё࡯

⫼ऩ‫ܗ‬ሎᇌᅮНੑҸĀEsize,5ā
ᣛᅮऩ‫ܗ‬ሎᇌ໻ᇣЎ5mmˈ⫼䴶ऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬ੑҸĀAmesh,1ā
ᇚ㔤ԧࠪ䴶1ো䴶ࠪߚЎ䴶ऩ‫ܗ‬DŽߦߚ៤ⱘ䴶ऩ‫ܗ‬೼ᇕ༈䰘䖥ⱘᏗ㕂བ೒15.23᠔⼎DŽ

೒15.23 䕈ᇍ⿄ᅲԧऩ‫ࠪܗ‬䴶Ϟᇕ༈䰘䖥ⱘऩ‫ܗ‬Ꮧ㕂

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(6) ࠩదௐࠓ੦ࣖௐࠓd
⫼Ā/SOLUā䖯ܹ∖㾷῵ഫৢˈ⫼ĀSolveāᓔྟ∖㾷DŽ
(7) ࠩద‫҉܊‬स੦ࣖ҉स‫ޙ‬സࠒ‫ڴ‬d
⫼Ā/POST1ā䖯ܹৢ໘⧚῵ഫˈ⫼ĀPldisp,2āᰒ⼎বᔶ೒ˈᕫࠄབ೒15.24᠔⼎ⱘব
ᔶ೒DŽ⏅㡆ऎඳᰃবᔶৢⱘࠪ䴶ԡ㕂DŽ

೒15.24 䕈ᇍ⿄ᅲԧऩ‫ܗ‬বᔶ೒

⫼ᰒ⼎㒧⚍㒧ᵰੑҸ“Plnsol,s,1āᰒ⼎᳔໻ᢝᑨ࡯ߚᏗˈབ೒15.25᠔⼎DŽ

೒15.25 䕈ᇍ⿄ᅲԧऩ‫ࠪܗ‬䴶Ϟ᳔໻ᢝᑨ࡯ߚᏗ

⫼ĀPlnsol,s,2āᰒ⼎᳔໻ᢝᑨ࡯ߚᏗˈབ೒15.26᠔⼎DŽ

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೒15.26 䕈ᇍ⿄ᅲԧऩ‫ࠪܗ‬䴶Ϟ㄀2Џᑨ࡯ߚᏗ

⫼ĀPlnsol,s,3āᰒ⼎᳔໻य़ᑨ࡯ߚᏗˈབ೒15.27᠔⼎DŽ

೒15.27 䕈ᇍ⿄ᅲԧऩ‫ࠪܗ‬䴶Ϟ᳔໻य़ᑨ࡯ߚᏗ

⫼ĀPlnsol,s,EQVāᰒ⼎Misesᑨ࡯ߚᏗˈབ೒15.28᠔⼎DŽ
Ўњ᳈Ҩ㒚ഄ㾖ᆳᇕ༈䰘䖥ⱘᑨ࡯ߚᏗˈ೒15.29ˈ೒15.30੠೒15.31ߚ߿㒭ߎњ㄀1Џ
ᑨ࡯ˈ㄀2Џᑨ࡯੠㄀3Џᑨ࡯೼ᇕ༈䰘䖥ⱘߚᏗᚙ‫މ‬DŽ

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೒15.28 䕈ᇍ⿄ᅲԧऩ‫ࠪܗ‬䴶Ϟ᳔໻ᢝᑨ࡯ߚᏗ

೒15.29 䕈ᇍ⿄ᅲԧऩ‫ࠪܗ‬䴶Ϟᇕ༈䰘䖥ⱘ᳔໻ᢝᑨ࡯ߚᏗ

೒15.30 䕈ᇍ⿄ᅲԧऩ‫ࠪܗ‬䴶Ϟᇕ༈䰘䖥㄀2Џᑨ࡯ߚᏗ

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೒15.31 䕈ᇍ⿄ᅲԧऩ‫ࠪܗ‬䴶Ϟᇕ༈䰘䖥ⱘ᳔໻य़ᑨ࡯ߚᏗ

15.4.3 䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰঞ䅼䆎
߽⫼ϟ䴶⿟ᑣˈৃҹ䅵ㅫᕫࠄবᔶ੠৘乍ᑨ࡯ߚᏗ˄བ೒15.25-೒15.31᠔⼎˅DŽҢ䖭
ѯᑨ࡯ߚᏗ೒ৃҹⳟߎˈ᳔໻ᢝᑨ࡯ߎ⦄೼ㄦԧϞˈ㗠Ϩ೼ㄦԧⱘ⦃৥DŽ䖭ϔ⚍ৃҹ⫼
ĀPLNSOL,S,Zāᰒ⼎ⱘ㒧ᵰᕫࠄ䆕ᅲˈབ೒15.32᠔⼎ᰃ⦃৥ᑨ࡯೼ࠪ䴶೒ϞⱘߚᏗDŽ

೒15.32 䕈ᇍ⿄ᅲԧऩ‫ࠪܗ‬䴶Ϟ⦃৥ᑨ࡯ߚᏗ

Ң᳔໻ᢝᑨ࡯೒˄བ೒15.25᠔⼎˅੠⦃৥ᑨ࡯ߚᏗ೒˄བ೒15.32᠔⼎˅Ёৃҹⳟߎˈ
⦃৥ᑨ࡯ᰃᭈϾ㒧ᵘⱘ᳔໻ᑨ࡯DŽ ೼ㄦԧ᥹䖥ञ⧗ԡ㕂পࠄ᳔催ⱘᢝᑨ࡯ؐЎ251.205MPaDŽ

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᳔ᇣⱘ⦃৥ᑨ࡯26.593MPaߎ⦄೼ᇕ༈ԡ㕂˄བ೒15.32᠔⼎˅DŽ
㄀2Џᑨ࡯೼ᭈϾ㒧ᵘЁˈ⊓ⴔ㒉৥ˈ䰸ᇕ༈䚼ԡ䕗ᇣ໪ˈ↨䕗ഛࣔ˄བ೒15.26᠔⼎˅ˈ
໻㑺া᳝⦃৥ᑨ࡯ⱘϔञDŽ䳔㽕⊼ᛣⱘᰃˈ೼ᇕ༈ϟ䴶ⱘ‫צ‬೚ԡ㕂ߎ⦄њ᳔催ⱘ㄀2Џᑨ࡯ˈ
Ϩዄؐ䖒ࠄ200MPaDŽ䖭Ͼ催ᑨ࡯ⱘߎ⦄Џ㽕ᰃ⦃৥ᔃ᳆䗴៤ⱘሔ䚼ᔃ᳆ᑨ࡯ˈ಴Ў೼䖭Ͼ
᳔催ᑨ࡯ⱘ঺ϔջߎ⦄᳔ᇣⱘᑨ࡯˄བ೒15.30᠔⼎˅DŽ
㄀3Џᑨ࡯Џ㽕ߎ⦄೼⊓ⴔ㒧ᵘⱘຕ८ᮍ৥ˈ‫ݙ‬ջᰃ⬅Ѣ23MPaⱘ‫ݙ‬य़ᓩ䍋ᕜᇣⱘय़ᑨ
࡯ˈ໪ջ㸼䴶ⱘय़ᑨ࡯ㄝѢ0DŽ

15.4.4 ⑤⿟ᑣ
Finish
/Clear
!(1)ᅮН෎ᴀখ᭄
h1=298.5 ! ᇕ༈ⱘ催ᑺതᷛ298.5 mm
b1=44.5 ! ᇕ༈ⱘ‫ݙ‬ञᕘ44.5 mm
b2=b1+23 ! ᇕ༈ⱘ໪ञᕘ44.5+23mm८ᑺ
r1=185 ! 㔤ԧ‫ݙ‬ञᕘ185mm
r2=203 ! 㔤ԧ໪ञᕘ203mm
!(2)ᅮНࠪ䴶ऎඳ䖍⬠Ϟⱘ݇䬂⚍
/Title, Long Cyclinder Pressure Vessel for CNG with PLANE82.
/Prep7 ! 䖯ܹࠡ໘⧚῵ഫ
k,1,b1,h1 ! ᇕ༈䍋ྟッ‫ݙ‬ջⱘ⚍
k,2,b2,h1 ! ᇕ༈䍋ྟッ໪ջⱘ⚍
k,3,b1,sqrt(r1*r1-b1*b1) ! ᇕ༈‫ݙ‬ջࠪ䴶㒓੠㔤ԧञ⧗‫ࠪݙ‬䴶㒓ⱘѸ⚍
k,4,b2,sqrt(r2*r2-b2*b2) ! ᇕ༈໪ջࠪ䴶㒓੠㔤ԧञ⧗໪ࠪ䴶㒓ⱘѸ⚍
k,5,r1,0 ! 㔤ԧञ⧗੠㔤ԧЏԧⱘ‫ݙ‬ջѸ⚍
k,6,r2,0 ! 㔤ԧञ⧗੠㔤ԧЏԧⱘ໪ջѸ⚍
k,7,0,0 ! തᷛॳ⚍
k,8,r1,-1000+h1 ! 㔤ԧЏԧ៾ᮁ‫ݙ‬ջ⚍
k,9,r2,-1000+h1 ! 㔤ԧЏԧ៾ᮁ໪ջ⚍
K,10,0,h1 ! ᇕ༈䍋ྟッᇍ⿄㒓Ϟⱘ⚍
!(3)ᅮНೈ៤㒧ᵘࠪ䴶ऎඳⱘ㒓ˈᑊᅮНࠪ䴶
L,1,2 ! ᇕ༈䍋ྟッ∈ᑇ㒓
L,1,3 ! ᇕ༈‫ݙ‬ջオⳈ㒓
L,2,4 ! ᇕ༈໪ջオⳈ㒓
L,5,8 ! 㔤ԧЏԧ‫ݙ‬ջ㒓
L,8,9 ! 㔤ԧЏԧ៾ᮁԡ㕂∈ᑇ㒓
L,6,9 ! 㔤ԧЏԧ໪ջ㒓
Larc,5,3,7,r1 ! 䖛5োˈ3ো݇䬂⚍ˈҹ7ো݇䬂⚍Ў೚ᖗˈr1Ўञᕘ‫خ‬ञ⧗‫ݙ‬೚ᓻ㒓
Larc,6,4,7,r2 ! 䖛6োˈ4ো݇䬂⚍ˈҹ7ো݇䬂⚍Ў೚ᖗˈr2Ўञᕘ‫خ‬ञ⧗໪೚ᓻ㒓
LFILLT,2,7,63, , ! 䖛2োˈ7ো㒓ˈҹञᕘ63mm‫خ‬ञ⧗‫ݙ‬ջԡ㕂ⱘ‫צ‬೚
LFILLT,3,8,40, , ! 䖛3োˈ8ো㒓ˈҹञᕘ40mm‫خ‬ञ⧗໪ջԡ㕂ⱘ‫צ‬೚
AL,all ! ᇚ᠔᳝㒓ೈ៤ⱘऎඳᅮНЎϔϾ䴶

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!(4)ᅮНऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟǃᴤ᭭খ᭄੠ᅲᐌ᭄
ANTYPE,STATIC ! ᅮНߚᵤ㉏ൟЎ䴭࡯ߚᵤ
ET,1,PLANE82 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬ᰃ8㡖⚍Ѡ㓈ᅲԧऩ‫⫼(ܗ‬䕈ᇍ⿄䗝乍)
KEYOPT,1,3,1 ! ᅮНऩ‫ⱘܗ‬㄀3Ͼৃ䗝乍ˈᠧᓔ䕈ᇍ⿄䗝乍
MP,EX,1,207E3 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣Ў207 GPa
MP,NUXY,1,0.3 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨NUXY=0.3
!(5)ᅮНԡ⿏㑺ᴳ੠㥋䕑
DL,5,,SYMM ! 㒭5ো㒓ᅮНᇍ⿄ԡ⿏ᴵӊ
SFL,2,PRES,23, , , , ! 㒭ࠪ䴶㒓ⱘ‫ݙ‬ջ㒓2ᮑࡴ‫ݙ‬य़㥋䕑23MPa
SFL,4,PRES,23, , , , ! 㒭ࠪ䴶㒓ⱘ‫ݙ‬ջ㒓4ᮑࡴ‫ݙ‬य़㥋䕑23MPa
SFL,7,PRES,23, , , , ! 㒭ࠪ䴶㒓ⱘ‫ݙ‬ջ㒓7ᮑࡴ‫ݙ‬य़㥋䕑23MPa
SFL,9,PRES,23, , , , ! 㒭ࠪ䴶㒓ⱘ‫ݙ‬ջ㒓9ᮑࡴ‫ݙ‬य़㥋䕑23MPa
SFL,1,PRES,-17.681, ! 㒭ッ䚼ᇕ༈∈ᑇ㒓ᮑࡴᇕ༈Ӵ䗦䖛ᴹⱘ-17.681MPa
Esize,5 ! ᣛᅮऩ‫ܗ‬ሎᇌ໻ᇣЎ5mm
Amesh,1 ! ᇚ㔤ԧࠪ䴶1ো䴶ࠪߚЎ䴶ऩ‫ܗ‬
FINISH ! 䗔ߎࠡ໘⧚῵ഫ
!(6)䖯ܹ∖㾷῵ഫ∖㾷
/SOLU ! 䖯ܹ∖㾷῵ഫ
Solve ! ᓔྟ∖㾷
FINISH ! 䗔ߎ∖㾷῵ഫ
!(7)䖯ܹৢ໘⧚῵ഫ໘⧚䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
/POST1 ! 䖯ܹৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
Pldisp,2 ! ᰒ⼎বᔶ೒
Plnsol,s,1 ! ᰒ⼎᳔໻ᢝᑨ࡯ߚᏗ
Plnsol,s,2 ! ᰒ⼎㄀2Џᑨ࡯ߚᏗ
Plnsol,s,3 ! ᰒ⼎᳔໻य़ᑨ࡯ߚᏗ
Plnsol,s,EQV ! ᰒ⼎᳔໻Misesᑨ࡯ߚᏗ
Plnsol,s,Z ! ᰒ⼎⦃৥ᑨ࡯ߚᏗ

15.5 ⫼20㡖⚍3Dᅲԧऩ‫ܗ‬solid95䅵ㅫ1/4῵ൟ

15.5.1 ᓎゟ1/4ϝ㓈῵ൟ
ӓ✻੠ࠡ䴶ᓎゟѠ㓈ࠪ䴶Ⳍৠⱘℹ偸ᓎゟདಲ䕀ࠪ䴶ˈ⫼䴶ಲ䕀⫳៤ԧੑҸĀVrotateā
ಲ䕀90ᑺˈ⫳៤1ˋ4ϝ㓈῵ൟ˄བ೒15.33᠔⼎˅DŽ䱣ৢˈ߽⫼ϝ㓈ᅲԧ῵ൟߚᵤᮍ⊩ˈ೼
ϝ㓈῵ൟϞᮑࡴᇍ⿄ԡ⿏㑺ᴳˈ‫ݙ‬य़㥋䕑੠ᇕ༈ԡ㕂ⱘᢝ࡯㥋䕑ৢˈ∖㾷ৃҹᕫࠄ৘Ͼᑨ
࡯ߚ䞣ⱘߚᏗDŽ
ԡ⿏㑺ᴳᮑࡴ೼⊓ⴔ㒉৥៾ᓔⱘᇍ⿄៾䴶Ϟˈৠᯊᑩ䚼៾ᓔԡ㕂гᮑࡴᇍ⿄ԡ⿏ᴵӊDŽ
೼ᇕ༈Ϟ㸼䴶ᮑࡴഛࣔⱘ㸼䴶ᢝᑨ࡯㥋䕑ˈ㥋䕑໻ᇣᣝࠡ䴶ⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰপ17.68MPaDŽ‫ݙ‬य़
㥋䕑23MPaᮑࡴ೼῵ൟⱘ4Ͼ‫ݙ‬㸼䴶ϞDŽ
ऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬䗮䖛ᣛᅮ4ᴵ⊓ⴔ८ᑺᮍ৥ⱘ㒓ߚЎ4↉ˈ߽⫼SWEEP㔥ḐߦߚੑҸˈ⫳៤८

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ᑺᮍ৥4ሖˈ㸼䴶໻ᇣЎ20mmⱘऩ‫ܗ‬㔥ḐDŽ

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೒15.33 䭓᷅ᔶ⎆࣪໽✊⇨䌂䖤㔤ⱘ1/4ϝ㓈῵ൟ

㒣䖛䅵ㅫߚᵤˈৃҹᕫࠄ㡖⚍੠ऩ‫ܗ‬໘ⱘᑨ࡯ߚᏗˈ‫⹂ޚ‬䆘Ӌ㸼䴶ᑨ࡯੠‫ݙ‬䚼ᑨ࡯ⱘ
ব࣪㾘ᕟˈԚᰃ᮴⊩ߚ⾏㭘㝰ᑨ࡯੠ᔃ᳆ᑨ࡯DŽ

15.5.2 䅵ㅫℹ偸
(1) Շ࿌‫·ݮ‬ϵ೴d
߽⫼੠ࠡϔ㡖ⳌৠⱘੑҸᅮНᓎ῵᠔䳔㽕ⱘ෎ᴀ޴ԩখ᭄DŽ
(2) Շ࿌୉ੋ௕့Ψ࠘౨ԅ‫ߏڑ‬Ԥd
߽⫼੠ࠡϔ㡖ⳌৠⱘੑҸᅮНࠪ䴶ऎඳ䖍⬠Ϟⱘ݇䬂⚍DŽ
(3) Շ࿌ถюࠒ‫ٲ‬୉ੋ௕့ԅຬēՇ࿌୉ੋ‫ݍ܊‬ᅧ90էಓю1/4੦໸d
Փ⫼੠ࠡ䴶ϔ㡖ⳌৠⱘੑҸᓎゟࠪ䴶ऎඳⱘ䖍⬠㒓DŽ᳔ৢ⫼⫳៤䴶ੑҸĀAL,allāᇚ᠔
᳝㒓ೈ៤ⱘऎඳᅮНЎϔϾ䴶DŽ⫼㾚⚍ᅮНੑҸĀ/View,1,1,1,1āᇚ㾚⚍ߛᤶࠄㄝ䕈⌟ᮍ৥DŽ
⫼ಲ䕀⫳៤ԧⱘੑҸĀVrotat, 1,,,,,,10,7,90āᇚࠪ䴶೒㒩ᇍ⿄䕈ಲ䕀90ᑺˈ⫳៤1/4ᅲԧ῵ൟ
˄བ೒15.33᠔⼎˅DŽ
(4) Շ࿌Ӧ၍फ໸cϫॸϵ೴ۤಬШ೴d
⫼ߚᵤ㉏ൟᅮНੑҸĀANTYPE,STATICāᅮНߚᵤ㉏ൟЎ䴭࡯ߚᵤDŽ⫼ऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟᅮ
НੑҸĀEt,1,Solid95āᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬ᰃ3D೎ԧ20㡖⚍ᅲԧऩ‫ܗ‬Solid95DŽ
⫼ᴤ᭭খ᭄ᅮНੑҸĀMP,EX,1,207E3 āᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣Ў207GPaˈ⫼
ĀMP,NUXY,1,0.3āᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨NUXY=0.3DŽ
(5) Շ࿌ࠉࢗสᄢԅճыสྭၟ೯ۤ۠ၻd
⫼ԡ⿏㑺ᴳ䴶ⱘੑҸĀDA,7,SYMMāᅮН7ো䴶Ϟⱘᇍ⿄ԡ⿏㑺ᴳDŽ⫼ĀDA,12,SYMMā
ᅮН12ো䴶Ϟⱘᇍ⿄ԡ⿏㑺ᴳˈ⫼ĀDA,1,SYMMāᅮН1ো䴶Ϟⱘᇍ⿄ԡ⿏㑺ᴳDŽ
⫼ ᮑ ࡴ 㸼 䴶 य़ ࡯ ੑ Ҹ Ā SFA, 8,1,PRES,23 ā ᅮ Н 8 ো 䴶 ‫ ݙ‬य़ 㥋 䕑 23MPa ˈ ⫼
ĀSFA, 9,1,PRES,23āᅮН9ো䴶‫ݙ‬य़㥋䕑23MPaˈ⫼ĀSFA, 10,1,PRES,23āᅮН10ো䴶‫ݙ‬य़
㥋䕑23MPaˈ⫼ĀSFA, 11,1,PRES,23āᅮН11ো䴶‫ݙ‬य़㥋䕑23MPaDŽ⫼ĀSFA,2,1,PRES,17.68ā

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 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

ᅮНᇕ༈2ো䴶‫ݙ‬य़㥋䕑17.68MPaDŽᮑࡴԡ⿏㑺ᴳ੠㥋䕑ৢⱘ䅵ㅫ῵ൟব៤བ೒15.34᠔⼎
ⱘḋᄤDŽ

೒15.34 ᮑࡴԡ⿏㑺ᴳ੠㥋䕑ৢⱘ1/4ϝ㓈῵ൟ

⫼㒓ऩ‫ܗ‬䭓ᑺᅮНੑҸĀLesize,1,,,4,,,,,1āᣛᅮ4ᴵ⊓ⴔ८ᑺᮍ৥ⱘ∈ᑇ㒓ˈ೼ऩ‫ߦܗ‬
ߚᯊߚЎ4↉ˈ݊ԭⱘ3ᴵ∈ᑇ㒓ⱘ㓪োߚ߿ᰃ5োˈ11ো੠16ো㒓DŽ
‫⫼ݡ‬ऩ‫ܗ‬໻ᇣᅮНੑҸĀESIZE,20,0,āᣛᅮऩ‫ܗ‬ሎᇌ໻ᇣЎ20mmˈ⫼Ѣ䴶㸼䴶㔥Ḑࠪ
ߚᯊՓ⫼DŽ⫼ĀMSHAPE,1,3Dā䗝乍ੑҸᣛᅮՓ⫼ϝ㓈ऩ‫ܗ‬㔥ḐDŽ
⫼ᠿᦣㅫ⊩⫳៤ԧऩ‫ܗ‬㔥ḐੑҸĀVSWEEP,1āᇚ1োԧࠪߚЎԧऩ‫ܗ‬DŽᕫࠄབ೒15.35
᠔⼎ⱘ㔥ḐᏗ㕂DŽབ೒15.36᠔⼎ᰃᇕ༈䰘䖥ⱘ㔥ḐᏗ㕂DŽ

೒15.35 1/4ϝ㓈῵ൟⱘऩ‫ܗ‬Ꮧ㕂

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 ㄀ゴ䭓᷅ᔶ໽✊⇨㔤೼‫ݙ‬य़԰⫼ϟⱘ䴭࡯ߚᵤ

೒15.36 ᇕ༈䰘䖥ⱘऩ‫ܗ‬Ꮧ㕂

(6) ࠩదௐࠓ੦ࣖௐࠓd
⫼Ā/soluā䖯ܹ∖㾷῵ഫৢˈ⫼ĀSolveāᓔྟ∖㾷DŽ
(7) ࠩద‫҉܊‬स੦ࣖ҉सࠒ‫ڴ‬d
⫼Ā/POST1ā䖯ܹৢ໘⧚῵ഫৢˈ⫼೒㒓ᰒ⼎㒧⚍㒧ᵰੑҸĀPlnsol,S,1āᰒ⼎᳔໻ᢝ
ᑨ࡯ߚᏗˈᕫࠄབ೒15.37੠೒15.38᠔⼎ⱘ᳔໻ᢝᑨ࡯ߚᏗ೒DŽ

೒15.37 䭓᷅ᔶ⎆࣪໽✊⇨䌂䖤㔤ⱘ1/4ϝ㓈῵ൟ᳔໻ᢝᑨ࡯ߚᏗ˄໪ջ˅

⫼ĀPlnsol,S,2āᰒ⼎㄀2Џᑨ࡯ߚᏗˈᕫࠄབ೒15.39੠೒15.40᠔⼎ⱘ㄀2Џᑨ࡯ߚᏗ೒DŽ

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 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

೒15.38 䭓᷅ᔶ⎆࣪໽✊⇨䌂䖤㔤ⱘ1/4ϝ㓈῵ൟ᳔໻ᢝᑨ࡯ߚᏗ˄‫ݙ‬ջ˅

೒15.39 䭓᷅ᔶ⎆࣪໽✊⇨䌂䖤㔤ⱘ1/4ϝ㓈῵ൟ㄀2Џᑨ࡯ߚᏗ˄໪ջ˅

೒15.40 䭓᷅ᔶ⎆࣪໽✊⇨䌂䖤㔤ⱘ1/4ϝ㓈῵ൟ㄀2Џᑨ࡯ߚᏗ˄‫ݙ‬ջ˅

565
 ㄀ゴ䭓᷅ᔶ໽✊⇨㔤೼‫ݙ‬य़԰⫼ϟⱘ䴭࡯ߚᵤ

⫼ĀPlnsol,S,3āᰒ⼎᳔໻य़ᑨ࡯ߚᏗˈᕫࠄབ೒15.41੠೒15.42᠔⼎ⱘ᳔໻य़ᑨ࡯ߚ
Ꮧ೒DŽ

೒15.41 䭓᷅ᔶ⎆࣪໽✊⇨䌂䖤㔤ⱘ1/4ϝ㓈῵ൟ᳔໻य़ᑨ࡯ߚᏗ˄໪ջ˅

೒15.42 䭓᷅ᔶ⎆࣪໽✊⇨䌂䖤㔤ⱘ1/4ϝ㓈῵ൟ᳔໻य़ᑨ࡯ߚᏗ˄‫ݙ‬ջ˅

⫼ĀPlnsol,S,EQVāᰒ⼎Misesᑨ࡯ߚᏗˈᕫࠄབ೒15.43੠೒15.44᠔⼎ⱘMisesᑨ࡯ߚ
Ꮧ೒DŽ
⫼ĀPlnsol,S,Zāᰒ⼎⦃৥ᑨ࡯ߚᏗˈᕫࠄབ೒15.45੠15.46᠔⼎ⱘ᳔໻ᢝᑨ࡯ߚᏗ೒DŽ

566
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೒15.43 䭓᷅ᔶ⎆࣪໽✊⇨䌂䖤㔤ⱘ1/4ϝ㓈῵ൟMisesᑨ࡯ߚᏗ˄໪ջ˅

೒15.44 䭓᷅ᔶ⎆࣪໽✊⇨䌂䖤㔤ⱘ1/4ϝ㓈῵ൟ᳔໻ᢝᑨ࡯ߚᏗ˄‫ݙ‬ջ˅

೒15.45 䭓᷅ᔶ⎆࣪໽✊⇨䌂䖤㔤ⱘ1/4ϝ㓈῵ൟ᳔໻ᢝᑨ࡯ߚᏗ˄໪ջ˅

567
 ㄀ゴ䭓᷅ᔶ໽✊⇨㔤೼‫ݙ‬य़԰⫼ϟⱘ䴭࡯ߚᵤ

೒15.46 䭓᷅ᔶ⎆࣪໽✊⇨䌂䖤㔤ⱘ1/4ϝ㓈῵ൟ᳔໻ᢝᑨ࡯ߚᏗ˄‫ݙ‬ջ˅

15.5.3 䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰߚᵤ
Փ⫼ϟ䴶ᦤկⱘ䅵ㅫ⿟ᑣৃҹᕫࠄᆍ఼ⱘᑨ࡯ߚᏗ೒བ೒15.31ࠄ೒15.46᠔⼎ˈҢ䖭ѯ
೒Ёৃҹ‫⹂ޚ‬ഄ⹂ᅮ᳔໻ᑨ࡯ⱘؐ੠ߎ⦄ⱘԡ㕂ˈ䖭ѯ᳔໻ؐᰒ⼎Ѣ㸼15.7DŽ

㸼15.7 ¼ϝ㓈῵ൟᑨ࡯䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ
ᑨ ࡯ 乍 Ⳃ ᳔໻ؐ˄Mpa˅ ᳔ᇣؐ˄Mpa˅
᳔໻ᢝᑨ࡯S1 26.587 252.142
㄀2Џᑨ࡯s2 19 183.022
᳔໻य़ᑨ࡯s3 31 3.894
Misesᑨ࡯seqv 26.003 238.962
⦃৥ᑨ࡯sz 24.133 252.142

ҢЁৃҹⳟࠄˈ᳔໻ᢝᑨ࡯252.142MpaᇍᑨѢ⦃৥ᑨ࡯DŽ㄀2Џᑨ࡯᳔໻ؐ183.022Mpa
ᑨ䆹ߎ⦄೼㒉৥ᮍ৥DŽ᳔໻ⱘ⦃৥ᑨ࡯252.142Mpaˈг䆕ᅲњ᳔໻ᢝᑨ࡯ህᰃ᳔໻⦃৥
ᑨ࡯DŽ
Ўњ偠䆕ᭈϾ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰⱘℷ⹂ᗻˈ៥Ӏৃҹ䗮䖛ऩ‫ܗ‬䗝ᢽࡳ㛑ˈা䗝ᢽㄦԧऩ‫ˈܗ‬ᰒ
⼎ㄦԧ䚼ߚⱘ᳔໻ᑨ࡯ˈ㄀2Џᑨ࡯ˈ㒉৥ᑨ࡯੠⦃৥ᑨ࡯ᰃ৺੠⧚䆎㾷ϔ㟈DŽ
བ೒15.47᠔⼎ᰃㄦԧⱘ᳔໻ᢝᑨ࡯ߚᏗDŽㄦԧ‫ݙ‬ຕ᳔໻ᢝᑨ࡯ؐЎ250.133Mpaˈㄦԧ
໪ຕ᳔໻ᢝᑨ࡯ؐЎ225.89MpaDŽ
བ೒15.48 ᠔⼎ᰃㄦԧⱘ㄀ 2Џᑨ࡯ߚᏗDŽㄦԧϞ៾䴶⬅Ѣッ䚼ᕅડ ˈՓㄦԧ‫ݙ‬ຕ᳔
໻ᑨ࡯Ў114.08Mpaˈ⬹催Ѣ໪ຕ111.502MpaDŽㄦԧᑩ䚼ⱘᑨ࡯ऎඳഛࣔˈ໻㟈೼113Mpa
䰘䖥DŽ

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 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

೒15.47 䭓᷅ᔶ⎆࣪໽✊⇨䌂䖤㔤ⱘ1/4ϝ㓈῵ൟⱘㄦԧⱘ᳔໻ᢝᑨ࡯

೒15.48 䭓᷅ᔶ⎆࣪໽✊⇨䌂䖤㔤ⱘ1/4ϝ㓈῵ൟㄦԧⱘ㄀2Џᑨ࡯

བ೒15.49᠔⼎ᰃㄦԧⱘ᳔໻य़ᑨ࡯ߚᏗDŽ೒Ёᰒ⼎ㄦԧ‫ݙ‬ຕ᳔໻य़ᑨ࡯ㄝѢ‫ݙ‬य़㥋䕑
23Mpaˈㄦԧ໪ຕ᥹䖥0DŽ

569
 ㄀ゴ䭓᷅ᔶ໽✊⇨㔤೼‫ݙ‬य़԰⫼ϟⱘ䴭࡯ߚᵤ

೒15.49 䭓᷅ᔶ⎆࣪໽✊⇨䌂䖤㔤ⱘ1/4ϝ㓈῵ൟㄦԧⱘ᳔໻य़ᑨ࡯

བ೒15.50᠔⼎ᰃㄦԧⱘ㒉৥ᑨ࡯ߚᏗDŽᅗ੠ࠡ䴶ⱘ㄀2Џᑨ࡯ߚᏗ෎ᴀϔ㟈ˈ䇈ᯢ㄀2
Џᑨ࡯ⱘߚᏗ෎ᴀህᰃ㒉৥ᑨ࡯ߚᏗDŽ

೒15.50 䭓᷅ᔶ⎆࣪໽✊⇨䌂䖤㔤ⱘ1/4ϝ㓈῵ൟ㒉৥ᑨ࡯ߚᏗ

བ೒15.51᠔⼎ᰃㄦԧXᮍ৥ᑨ࡯DŽᰒ⼎ߎ᳔໻ⱘXᮍ৥ᢝᑨ࡯Ϣࠡ䴶ⱘ᳔໻ᢝᑨ࡯ؐ
Ⳍㄝˈ䇈ᯢ᳔໻ᢝᑨ࡯ህᰃ⦃৥ᑨ࡯DŽ

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 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

೒15.51 䭓᷅ᔶ⎆࣪໽✊⇨䌂䖤㔤ⱘ1/4ϝ㓈῵ൟXᮍ৥ᑨ࡯ߚᏗ

15.5.4 Ϣᔍᗻ࡯ᄺ㾷ㄨⱘᇍ↨
ᇍѢㄦԧ䚼ߚⱘᑨ࡯䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰⱘℷ⹂ᗻˈৃҹ䖥ԐഄՓ⫼ࠡ䴶ᴤ᭭࡯ᄺⱘ㾷ㄨᴹ䆘߸DŽ
гৃҹ⫼ᔍᗻ࡯ᄺЁˈ८ຕㄦⱘ㊒⹂㾷ㄨᴹ߸ᮁ݊䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰⱘ㊒⹂ᑺDŽ
佪‫ˈܜ‬ᣝ✻ᴤ᭭࡯ᄺᮍ⊩ˈৃҹ䖥Ԑഄᕫࠄㄦԧ䚼ߚⱘ㒉৥㭘㝰ᑨ࡯DŽ
㒧ᵘ䅵ㅫⱘ޴ԩሎᇌᣝᅲ䰙ሎᇌপؐDŽ
ᇕ༈‫ݙ‬ञᕘ˖44.5mmˈຕ८˖23mmˈ໪ञᕘ˖67.5mm.DŽ
ㄦԧ‫ݙ‬ञᕘ˖185mmˈຕ८18mmˈ໪ञᕘ˖203mmDŽ
(1) ဈϫॸॏ༰ֺ֥‫ޙ‬സස඘Ϧสԅᆚ຿࿫ॏd
ᇕ༈Ϟⱘᘏᢝ࡯ᣝᅲ䰙ⱘᡩᕅ䴶⿃পؐˈे˖
2
F 1 =´h89 /4h23=143086N
‫ݙ‬य़೼ञ⧗੠‫צ‬೚䚼ԡⱘᡩᕅ䴶⿃Ϟⱘᘏᢝ࡯˖
F 2 =´h(1852 44.52)h23=2329897N
ᘏড়࡯ѻ⫳ⱘㄦԧ㒉৥ᑨ࡯Ў˖
F + F2 143086 + 2492854
¶y= 1 = =120.138MPa
A 3. 14159 × 194 × 18
(2) ဈӰ໿ॏ༰ֺ֥‫ޙ‬സස඘Ϧส‫ܬ‬຿ઝෳЇԅ࿫ॏd
ḍ᥂ᔍᗻ࡯ᄺЁ८ຕㄦⱘ㊒⹂㾷˖
b2 / r 2 +1
σθ = 2 2
b / a −1
ᇍѢ䖭䞠ⱘㄦԧ䚼ߚˈb=203ˈa=185DŽԚr=a=185mmᯊˈᕫࠄ‫ݙ‬ջⱘ⦃৥ᑨ࡯Ў˖
b2 / r 2 + 1 203 2 / 185 2 + 1
³© r=185mm = 2 2 q= × 23 =248.42Mpa ˄‫ݙ‬ջ˅
b /a −1 203 2 / 185 2 − 1

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 ㄀ゴ䭓᷅ᔶ໽✊⇨㔤೼‫ݙ‬य़԰⫼ϟⱘ䴭࡯ߚᵤ

b2 / r 2 + 1 203 2 / 185 2 + 1
¶¬ r = 203mm
= q= × 23 =225.42Mpa ˄໪ջ˅
b 2 / a2 − 1 203 2 / 185 2 − 1
Ң೒15.49Ёⱘ⦃৥ᑨ࡯ߚᏗৃҹⳟߎˈ‫ݙ‬ջ⦃৥ᑨ࡯䅵ㅫؐЎ250.133MPaˈ੠⧚䆎ؐ
248.42 MPaⳌᏂ0.7%DŽ໪ջ⦃৥ᑨ࡯䅵ㅫؐЎ225.89MPaˈ੠⧚䆎ؐ225.42ⳌᏂ0.21%DŽᑨ
䆹䇈䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ੠⧚䆎ؐਏড়ᕫ䴲ᐌདDŽ
⬅ℸৃҹ᥼ᮁᭈϾ῵ൟⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ‫݋‬᳝䴲ᐌ催ⱘ䅵ㅫ㊒ᑺDŽ

15.5.5 䅵ㅫ⿟ᑣ
Finish
/Clear
!(1)ᅮН෎ᴀখ᭄
h1=298.5 ! ᇕ༈ⱘ催ᑺതᷛ298.5 mm
b1=44.5 ! ᇕ༈ⱘ‫ݙ‬ञᕘ44.5 mm
b2=b1+23 ! ᇕ༈ⱘ໪ञᕘ44.5+23mm८ᑺ
r1=185 ! 㔤ԧ‫ݙ‬ञᕘ185mm
r2=203 ! 㔤ԧ໪ञᕘ203mm
!(2)ᅮНࠪ䴶ऎඳ䖍⬠Ϟⱘ݇䬂⚍
/Title, Long Cyclinder Pressure Vessel for CNG with SOLID95.
/Filename, EX3
/Prep7 ! 䖯ܹࠡ໘⧚῵ഫ
k,1,b1,h1 ! ᇕ༈䍋ྟッ‫ݙ‬ջⱘ⚍
k,2,b2,h1 ! ᇕ༈䍋ྟッ໪ջⱘ⚍
k,3,b1,sqrt(r1*r1-b1*b1) ! ᇕ༈‫ݙ‬ջࠪ䴶㒓੠㔤ԧञ⧗‫ࠪݙ‬䴶㒓ⱘѸ⚍
k,4,b2,sqrt(r2*r2-b2*b2) ! ᇕ༈໪ջࠪ䴶㒓੠㔤ԧञ⧗໪ࠪ䴶㒓ⱘѸ⚍
k,5,r1,0 ! 㔤ԧञ⧗੠㔤ԧЏԧⱘ‫ݙ‬ջѸ⚍
k,6,r2,0 ! 㔤ԧञ⧗੠㔤ԧЏԧⱘ໪ջѸ⚍
k,7,0,0 ! തᷛॳ⚍
k,8,r1,-1000+h1 ! 㔤ԧЏԧ៾ᮁ‫ݙ‬ջ⚍
k,9,r2,-1000+h1 ! 㔤ԧЏԧ៾ᮁ໪ջ⚍
K,10,0,h1 ! ᇕ༈䍋ྟッᇍ⿄㒓Ϟⱘ⚍
!(3)ᅮНೈ៤㒧ᵘࠪ䴶ऎඳⱘ㒓ˈᅮНࠪ䴶ৢಲ䕀90ᑺ⫳៤1/4῵ൟ
L,1,2 ! ᇕ༈䍋ྟッ∈ᑇ㒓
L,1,3 ! ᇕ༈‫ݙ‬ջオⳈ㒓
L,2,4 ! ᇕ༈໪ջオⳈ㒓
L,5,8 ! 㔤ԧЏԧ‫ݙ‬ջ㒓
L,8,9 ! 㔤ԧЏԧ៾ᮁԡ㕂∈ᑇ㒓
L,6,9 ! 㔤ԧЏԧ໪ջ㒓
Larc,5,3,7,r1 ! 䖛5োˈ3ো݇䬂⚍ˈҹ7ো݇䬂⚍Ў೚ᖗˈr1Ўञᕘ‫خ‬ञ⧗‫ݙ‬೚ᓻ㒓
Larc,6,4,7,r2 ! 䖛6োˈ4ো݇䬂⚍ˈҹ7ো݇䬂⚍Ў೚ᖗˈr2Ўञᕘ‫خ‬ञ⧗໪೚ᓻ㒓
LFILLT,2,7,63, , ! 䖛2োˈ7ো㒓ˈҹञᕘ63mm‫خ‬ञ⧗‫ݙ‬ջԡ㕂ⱘ‫צ‬೚
LFILLT,3,8,40, , ! 䖛3োˈ8ো㒓ˈҹञᕘ40mm‫خ‬ञ⧗໪ջԡ㕂ⱘ‫צ‬೚
AL,all ! ᇚ᠔᳝㒓ೈ៤ⱘऎඳᅮНЎϔϾ䴶

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 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

/View,1,1,1,1 ! ᇚ㾚⚍ߛᤶࠄㄝ䕈⌟ᮍ৥
Vrotat,1,,,,,,10,7,90 ! ᇚࠪ䴶೒㒩ᇍ⿄䕈ಲ䕀90ᑺˈ⫳៤1/4ᅲԧ῵ൟ
!(4)ᅮНऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟǃᴤ᭭খ᭄੠ᅲᐌ᭄
ANTYPE,STATIC ! ᅮНߚᵤ㉏ൟЎ䴭࡯ߚᵤ
Et,1,Solid95 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ऩ‫ܗ‬ᰃ3D೎ԧ20㡖⚍ᅲԧऩ‫ܗ‬Solid95
MP,EX,1,207E3 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘᔍᗻ῵䞣Ў207 GPa
MP,NUXY,1,0.3 ! ᅮН㄀1㉏ᴤ᭭ⱘ⊞ᵒ↨NUXY=0.3
!(5)ᅮН៾ᓔԡ㕂ⱘᇍ⿄ԡ⿏㑺ᴳ੠㥋䕑
DA, 7,SYMM ! ᅮН7ো䴶Ϟⱘᇍ⿄ԡ⿏㑺ᴳ
DA, 12,SYMM ! ᅮН12ো䴶Ϟⱘᇍ⿄ԡ⿏㑺ᴳ
DA, 1,SYMM ! ᅮН1ো䴶Ϟⱘᇍ⿄ԡ⿏㑺ᴳ
SFA,8,1,PRES,23 ! ᅮН8ো䴶‫ݙ‬य़㥋䕑23MPa
SFA,9,1,PRES,23 ! ᅮН9ো䴶‫ݙ‬य़㥋䕑23MPa
SFA,10,1,PRES,23 ! ᅮН10ো䴶‫ݙ‬य़㥋䕑23MPa
SFA,11,1,PRES,23 ! ᅮН11ো䴶‫ݙ‬य़㥋䕑23MPa
SFA,2,1,PRES,-17.68 ! ᅮНᇕ༈2ো䴶‫ݙ‬य़㥋䕑17.68MPa
Lesize,1,,,4,,,,,1 ! ᣛᅮ4ᴵ⊓ⴔ८ᑺᮍ৥ⱘ∈ᑇ㒓ˈ೼ऩ‫ߚߦܗ‬ᯊߚЎ4↉
Lesize,5,,,4,,,,,1
Lesize,11,,,4,,,,,1
Lesize,16,,,4,,,,,1
ESIZE,20,0, ! ᣛᅮऩ‫ܗ‬ሎᇌ໻ᇣ20mm
MSHAPE,1,3D ! ϝ㓈㔥Ḑ
VSWEEP,1 ! ᇚԧࠪߚЎԧऩ‫ܗ‬
FINISH ! 䗔ߎࠡ໘⧚῵ഫ
!(6)䖯ܹ∖㾷῵ഫ∖㾷
/solu ! 䖯ܹ∖㾷῵ഫ
Solve ! ᓔྟ∖㾷
FINISH ! 䗔ߎࠡ໘⧚῵ഫ
!(7)䖯ܹৢ໘⧚῵ഫ໘⧚㒧ᵰ
/POST1 ! 䖯ܹৢ໘⧚῵ഫ
Plnsol,S,1 ! ᰒ⼎᳔໻ᢝᑨ࡯ߚᏗ
Plnsol,S,2 ! ᰒ⼎㄀2Џᑨ࡯ߚᏗ
Plnsol,S,3 ! ᰒ⼎᳔໻य़ᑨ࡯ߚᏗ
Plnsol,S,EQV ! ᰒ⼎Misesᑨ࡯ߚᏗ
Plnsol,S,Z ! ᰒ⼎⦃৥ᑨ࡯ߚᏗ

573
 ㄀1ゴ ㅔऩᢝय़ᴚ㒧ᵘ

䭳ᒄ፧⩗㐂Ჳࢄ‫ࣱٲ‬㔲
1. 䖯⿟˄SESSION˅ੑҸ

䖭ѯੑҸᦤկᇍANSYS䅵ㅫ䖯⿟ⱘϔ㠀᥻ࠊDŽ
㸼1. 䖤㸠᥻ࠊ
䖭ѯ䖯⿟˄SESSION˅ੑҸ᥻ࠊANSYS䅵ㅫ䖯⿟ⱘϔѯᘏԧ⡍ᕕˈࣙᣀᎹ⿟ৡ⿄ˈ⫼
᠋೒ᔶ⬠䴶˄GUI˅亢Ḑ੠᭛ӊ䕧ߎ䆒㕂ㄝDŽ
/BATCH˖䆒㕂⿟ᑣЎᡍ໘⧚˄batch˅῵ᓣDŽ
/CONFIG˖ᬍবANSYS䜡㕂খ᭄DŽ
/CWD˖ᬍবᔧࠡᎹ԰ⳂᔩDŽ
/EOF˖䗔ߎ䕧ܹ᭛ӊⱘ䇏᪡԰DŽ
/EXIT˖‫ذ‬ℶ䖤㸠ᑊᇚ᥻ࠊᴗѸಲ㋏㒳DŽ
/FILNAME˖ᬍবᎹ⿟᭛ӊৡ⿄
HELP˖ҹ೒ᔶᮍᓣᰒ⼎ANSYSੑҸ੠ऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟⱘᐂࡽֵᙃDŽ
/INPUT ˖ᇚ䕧ܹߛᤶࠄੑҸ㸠᭛ӊ䕧ܹDŽ
KEYW˖䆒㕂⫼ѢGUIⱘϞϟ᭛䖛Ⓒ݇䬂䆡DŽ
MEMM˖‫ܕ‬䆌ᔧࠡ䖯⿟ֱ⬭ߚ䜡‫ݙ‬ᄬDŽ
/MENU˖▔⌏⫼᠋೒ᔶ⬠䴶(GUI˅DŽ
/MSTART˖᥻ࠊ߱ྟGUI⬠䴶‫ܗ‬㋴DŽ
/NERR˖䰤ࠊ䄺ਞ⃵᭄੠䫭䇃ֵᙃᰒ⼎DŽ
/OUTPUT ˖ᇚ᭛ᴀ䕧ߎ‫ݙ‬ᆍ䞡ᅮ৥ࠄ᭛ӊ៪㗙ሣᐩDŽ
/STATUS˖߫ߎ䖤㸠乍Ⳃⱘ⢊ᗕDŽ
/SYP˖㒭᪡԰㋏㒳Ӵ䗦ੑҸІ੠খ᭄DŽ
/SYS˖㒭᪡԰㋏㒳Ӵ䗦ੑҸІDŽ
/UI˖▔⌏ᣛᅮⱘGUIᇍ䆱ḚDŽ
/UIS˖᥻ࠊGUI亢ḐDŽ
㸼2. 䖯ܹ੠䗔ߎ໘⧚῵ഫ
䖭ѯ䖯⿟˄SESSION˅ੑҸ⫼Ѣ䖯ܹ੠䗔ߎϡৠⱘ⿟ᑣ໘⧚῵ഫDŽ
/AUX2˖䖯ܹѠ䖯ࠊ᭛ӊ໘⧚῵ഫDŽ
/AUX3˖䖯ܹ㒧ᵰ᭛ӊ㓪䕥໘⧚῵ഫDŽ
/AUX12˖䖯ܹ䕤ᇘⶽ䰉⫳៤໘⧚῵ഫDŽ
/AUX15˖䖯ܹIGES᭛ӊ䕀ᤶ໘⧚῵ഫDŽ
FINISH˖Ң໘⧚῵ഫЁ䗔ߎDŽ
/OPT˖䖯᳔ܹӬ࣪䆒䅵῵ഫDŽ
/POST1˖䖯ܹϔ㠀㒧ᵰৢ໘⧚῵ഫDŽ
/POST26˖䖯ܹᯊ䯈ग़⿟㒧ᵰৢ໘⧚῵ഫDŽ

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 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

/PREP7˖䖯ܹᓎゟ῵ൟࠡ໘⧚῵ഫDŽ
/QUIT˖䗔ߎ໘⧚῵ഫDŽ
/RUNST˖䖯ܹ䖤㸠㒳䅵໘⧚῵ഫDŽ
/SOLU˖䖯ܹ∖㾷໘⧚῵ഫDŽ
㸼3. ᭛ӊ᪡԰
䖭ѯ䖯⿟˄SESSION˅ੑҸ⫼Ѣ᭛ӊ᪡԰ˈ↨བߴ䰸᭛ӊˈᣋ䋱᭛ӊ੠߫ߎ᭛ӊㄝ
᪡԰DŽ
/ASSIGN˖㒭ANSYS᭛ӊϔϾৡ⿄DŽ
/CLOG˖ᇚ䖯⿟᮹ᖫ᭛ӊᣋ䋱ࠄϔϾ᭛ӊDŽ
/COPY˖ᣋ䋱᭛ӊDŽ
/DELETE˖ߴ䰸᭛ӊDŽ
/FDELE˖೼Փ⫼ৢߴ䰸Ѡ䖯ࠊ᭛ӊDŽ
/FTYPE˖ᇚ໪䚼៪㗙‫ݙ‬䚼㉏ൟ䌟ؐ㒭ϔϾѠ䖯ࠊ᭛ӊDŽ
LGWRITE˖ᇚ᭄᥂ᑧੑҸ᮹ᖫ‫ܹݭ‬᭛ӊDŽ
*LIST˖ᰒ⼎໪䚼᭛ӊˈ㓪ⷕ᭛ӊ‫ݙ‬ᆍDŽ
/RENAME˖䞡ੑৡ᭛ӊDŽ
㸼4. ߫㸼ᰒ⼎᥻ࠊ
䖭ѯ䖯⿟˄SESSION˅ੑҸ⫼Ѣ᥻ࠊ߫㸼ᰒ⼎੠ᠧॄ⿟ᑣ䕧ߎDŽ
C***˖೼䕧ߎ‫ݙ‬ᆍЁᬒ㕂ϔ㸠⊼䞞DŽ
/COM˖೼䕧ߎ‫ݙ‬ᆍЁᬒ㕂ϔ㸠⊼䞞DŽ
/GO˖䞡ᮄ▔⌏ࠡ䴶㹿ᡥࠊⱘᠧॄ䕧ߎDŽ
/GOLIST˖䞡ᮄ▔⌏ࠡ䴶㹿ᡥࠊⱘ䕧᭄ܹ᥂DŽ
/GOPR˖䞡ᮄ▔⌏㹿ᡥࠊⱘᠧॄ䕧ߎDŽ
/NOLIST˖ᡥࠊ䕧᭄ܹ᥂ড作DŽ
/NOPR˖ᡥࠊᠽሩⱘᏺ⊼䞞ⱘ䕧᭄ܹ᥂ড作DŽ

2. ᭄᥂ᑧ˄DATABASE˅ੑҸ
䖭ѯੑҸ⫼Ѣ᪡԰᭄᥂ᑧϔѯᘏԧֵᙃDŽ
㸼5. 䆒㕂
䖭ѯ᭄᥂ᑧ˄DATABASE˅ੑҸ⫼Ѣ߱ྟ᭄࣪᥂ᑧˈᇚ᭄᥂ᑧֱᄬࠄϔϾ᭛ӊˈ៪㗙
⫼ᷛ乬੠㋏㒳ЁՓ⫼ⱘऩԡ䖯㸠ᷛ⊼DŽ
/CLEAR˖⏙䰸᭄᥂ᑧЁⱘ᠔᭄᳝᥂DŽ
RESUME˖Ң᭄᥂ᑧ᭛ӊЁ䞡ᮄ䇏᭄ܹ᥂DŽ
SAVE˖ֱᄬ᠔᭄᳝᥂ֵᙃࠄ᭄᥂ᑧDŽ
/SMBC˖᥻ࠊᅲԧ῵ൟˈ䖍⬠ᴵӊ੠ᷛ乬ⱘᰒ⼎DŽ
STAT ˖ᰒ⼎᭄᥂ᑧ䆒㕂ⱘ⢊ᗕDŽ
/STITLE˖ᅮНᄤᷛ乬DŽ
/TITLE˖ᅮНЏᷛ乬DŽ
UNDO˖‫ܕ‬䆌⫼᠋ׂᬍ៪㗙ֱᄬ㞾ҢRESUME៪㗙SAVEПৢⱘੑҸDŽ

575
 䰘ᔩ

/UNITS˖⫼Փ⫼ⱘऩԡᷛ⊼᭄᥂ᑧDŽ
㸼6. 䗝ᢽ
䖭ѯDATABASEੑҸ⫼ѢЎৢ㓁᪡԰䗝ᢽ᭄᥂ᑧᅲԧDŽ
ALLSEL˖䗝ᢽ᠔᳝ᅲԧDŽ
ASLL˖䗝ᢽࣙ৿Ꮖ䗝㒓ⱘ䴶DŽ
ASEL˖䗝ᢽ䴶԰ЎϔϾᄤ䲚DŽ
ASLV˖䗝ᢽࣙ৿Ꮖ䗝ԧⱘ䴶DŽ
ESEL˖䗝ᢽऩ‫ܗ‬䴶԰ЎϔϾᄤ䲚DŽ
ESLA˖䗝ᢽࣙ৿Ꮖ䗝䴶ⱘऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ
ESLL˖䗝ᢽࣙ৿Ꮖ䗝㒓ⱘ䴶ऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ
ESLN˖䗝ᢽࣙ৿Ꮖ䗝㡖⚍ⱘऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ
ESLV˖䗝ᢽࣙ৿Ꮖ䗝ԧⱘऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ
KSEL˖䗝ᢽ݇䬂⚍៪㗙⹀⚍˄hard points˅԰ЎϔϾᄤ䲚DŽ
KSLL˖䗝ᢽϢᏆ䗝㒓Ⳍ䖲ⱘ݇䬂⚍DŽ
KSLN˖䗝ᢽϢᏆ䗝㡖⚍Ⳍ䖲ⱘ݇䬂⚍DŽ
LSEL˖䗝ᢽ㒓԰ЎϔϾᄤ䲚DŽ
LSLA˖䗝ᢽࣙ৿Ꮖ䗝䴶ⱘ㒓DŽ
LSLK˖䗝ᢽࣙ৿Ꮖ䗝݇䬂⚍ⱘ㒓DŽ
NSEL˖䗝ᢽ㡖⚍԰ЎϔϾᄤ䲚DŽ
NSLA˖䗝ᢽϢᏆ䗝䴶Ⳍ䖲ⱘ㡖⚍DŽ
NSLE˖䗝ᢽϢᏆ䗝ऩ‫Ⳍܗ‬䖲ⱘ㡖⚍DŽ
NSLK˖䗝ᢽϢᏆ䗝݇䬂⚍Ⳍ䖲ⱘ㡖⚍DŽ
NSLL˖䗝ᢽϢᏆ䗝㒓Ⳍ䖲ⱘ㡖⚍DŽ
NSLV˖䗝ᢽϢᏆ䗝ԧⳌ䖲ⱘ㡖⚍DŽ
PARTSEL˖೼ᰒᓣࡼᗕߚᵤЁ䗝ᢽϔϾᄤ䲚DŽ
VSEL˖䗝ᢽԧ԰ЎϔϾᄤ䲚DŽ
VSLA˖䗝ᢽࣙ৿Ꮖ䗝䴶ⱘԧDŽ
㸼7. 䚼ӊ˄Components˅
䖭ѯDATABASEੑҸ‫ܕ‬䆌ᇚ㹿䗝ᢽⱘᅲԧੑৡЎϔϾ䚼ӊՓৢ㓁ⱘ䗝ᢽ᳈ᆍᯧDŽ
CM˖ᇚ޴ԩԧ㒘ড়៤ϔϾ䚼ӊDŽ
CMDELE˖ߴ䰸ϔϾ䚼ӊˈ៪㗙䚼ӊ㒘ড়ԧᅮНDŽ
CMEDIT˖㓪䕥䚼ӊᅮНDŽ
CMGRP˖ᇚ䚼ӊ㒘ড়៤䚼ӊ㒘ড়ԧDŽ
CMLIST˖߫ߎࣙ৿೼䚼ӊ៪㗙㒘ড়ԧЁⱘᅲԧᇍ䈵DŽ
CMPLOT˖㒬ࠊࣙ৿೼䚼ӊ៪㗙㒘ড়ԧЁⱘᅲԧᇍ䈵DŽ
CMSEL˖䗝ᢽ䚼ӊ੠㒘ড়ԧ԰ЎϔϾᄤ䲚DŽ
㸼8. Ꮉ԰䴶˄WorkPlane˅
䖭ѯDATABASEੑҸᠧᓔˈ⿏ࡼˈᮟ䕀੠ׂᬍᎹ԰䴶ˈᎹ԰䴶Џ㽕⫼Ѣᣒপ᪡԰DŽ
KWPAVE˖⿏ࡼᎹ԰䴶ॳ⚍ࠄ݇䬂⚍ⱘᑇഛԡ㕂໘DŽ

576
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

KWPLAN˖䖛3Ͼ݇䬂⚍ᅮНᎹ԰䴶DŽ
LWPLAN˖ҹᶤϔᴵ㒓Ў⊩㒓ᅮНᎹ԰䴶DŽ
NWPAVE˖⿏ࡼᎹ԰䴶ॳ⚍ࠄ㡖⚍ⱘᑇഛԡ㕂DŽ
NWPLAN˖䖛3Ͼ㡖⚍ᅮНᎹ԰䴶DŽ
WPAVE˖⿏ࡼᎹ԰䴶ॳ⚍ࠄᣛᅮ⚍ⱘᑇഛԡ㕂DŽ
WPCSYS˖ᣝ✻ᶤϾതᷛ㋏ᅮНᎹ԰䴶ԡ㕂DŽ
WPLANE˖ᅮНᎹ԰䴶ᴹᮍ֓ᣒপ᪡԰DŽ
WPOFFS˖‫⿏أ‬Ꮉ԰䴶DŽ
WPROTA˖ᮟ䕀Ꮉ԰䴶DŽ
WPSTYL˖᥻ࠊᎹ԰䴶ⱘᰒ⼎੠ᰒ⼎亢ḐDŽ
㸼9. തᷛ㋏
䖭ѯDATABASEੑҸᅮН੠᪡㒉തᷛ㋏DŽ
CLOCAL˖ⳌᇍѢᔧࠡ▔⌏ⱘതᷛ㋏ᅮНሔ䚼തᷛ㋏DŽ
CS˖⫼3Ͼ㡖⚍ԡ㕂ᅮНሔ䚼തᷛ㋏DŽ
CSCIR˖ᅮԡ䴲ワवᇨሔ䚼തᷛ㋏ⱘॳ⚍DŽ
CSDELE˖ߴ䰸ሔ䚼തᷛ㋏DŽ
CSKP˖䖛3Ͼ݇䬂⚍ԡ㕂ᅮНሔ䚼തᷛ㋏DŽ
CSLIST˖߫ߎതᷛ㋏DŽ
CSWPLA˖೼Ꮉ԰䴶ॳ⚍໘ᅮНሔ䚼തᷛ㋏DŽ
CSYS˖▔⌏ҹࠡᅮН䖛ⱘതᷛ㋏DŽ
LOCAL˖⫼ԡ㕂੠ᮍԡᅮНሔ䚼തᷛ㋏DŽ
㸼10. ᣒপ˄Picking˅
೼ᠻ㸠ᣒপ᪡԰ᯊˈ䖭ѯDATABASEੑҸӮ⬅GUI⫳៤DŽ
FITEM˖೼ᣒপ᪡԰(GUI˅ᯊˈ䆚߿㹿䗝Ёⱘᇍ䈵DŽ
FLST˖೼ᣒপ᪡԰(GUI˅ᯊˈᣛᅮ᠔䳔㽕ⱘ᭄᥂DŽ

3. ೒ᔶ˄GRAPHICS˅ੑҸ
䖭ѯੑҸ⫼Ѣ᥻ࠊANSYS⿟ᑣⱘ೒ᔶᰒ⼎DŽ

577
 䰘ᔩ

㸼11. 䆒㕂
䖭ѯ೒ᔶ˄GRAPHICS˅ੑҸ⫼Ѣϔ㠀೒ᔶ᥻ࠊˈ↨བにষ䆒㕂ˈ买㡆䆒㕂ˈ䖭ѯ䆒
㕂ⱘֱᄬㄝDŽ
/CMAP˖ᬍবᏆ᳝ⱘ៪㗙ᓎゟϔϾᮄⱘ买㡆᯴ᇘ㸼DŽ
/COLOR˖㒭ϡৠⱘᇍ䈵ᣛᅮ买㡆᯴ᇘDŽ
/DEVICE˖᥻ࠊ೒ᔶ䆒໛䗝乍DŽ
DSYS˖㒭޴ԩԧ੠㒬೒▔⌏ϔϾᰒ⼎തᷛ㋏DŽ
/DV3D˖䆒㕂3-D䆒໛䗝乍DŽ
/ERASE˖ᣛᅮ೼ᰒ⼎Пࠡˈ‫ܜ‬᪺䰸ሣᐩDŽ
ERASE˖ゟे᪺䰸ሣᐩDŽ
/GCMD˖᥻ࠊऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟ៪㗙⫼GPLOTੑҸᠻ㸠೒ᔶᰒ⼎DŽ
/GCOLUMN˖‫ܕ‬䆌⫼᠋㒭ᣛᅮ᳆㒓⏏ࡴϔϾᷛ⊼DŽ
/GFILE˖ᣛᅮ㓧‫ކ‬೒ᔶ᭛ӊⱘ‫ڣ‬㋴ߚ䕼⥛DŽ
GPLOT˖᥻ࠊϔ㠀㒬೒DŽ
/GRAPHICS˖ᅮН⫼Ѣऩ‫ܗ‬㒬೒ⱘ೒ᔶᰒ⼎㉏ൟDŽ
/GRESUME˖䆒㕂೒ᔶЎ᭛ӊЁⱘ䆒㕂ؐDŽ
/GSAVE˖ᇚ೒ᔶ䆒㕂ֱᄬࠄ᭛ӊˈկᇚᴹՓ⫼DŽ
/GTYPE˖᥻ࠊGPLOTੑҸᰒ⼎ⱘᅲԧDŽ
HPGL˖ᣛᅮ৘⾡HP䗝乍DŽ
/IMAGE˖‫ܕ‬䆌೒ᔶ᭄᥂㹿ᤩᤝ੠ֱᄬDŽ
IMMED˖‫ܕ‬䆌῵ൟ೼⫳៤ᯊゟेᰒ⼎DŽ
JPEG˖ᦤկJPEG᭛ӊ䕧ߎ㒭ANSYSᰒ⼎DŽ
/MREP˖‫ܕ‬䆌೼䞡㒬៪㗙ᬒ໻᪡԰ᯊ䞡ᮄথߎ೒ᔶੑҸᅣ᭛ӊDŽ
/NOERASE˖䰏ℶᰒ⼎П䯈ⱘሣᐩ᪺䰸DŽ
/PCOPY˖㞾ࡼ⫳៤⹀ᣋ䋱(Ϣ䆒໛Ⳍ݇˅DŽ
PNGR˖䆒㕂PNGR೒ᔶ䕧ߎⱘ᭛ӊ䗝乍ˈ㒭ANSYSᰒ⼎DŽ
PSCR˖ᣛᅮ৘⾡PostScript䗝乍DŽ
/PSTATUS˖ᰒ⼎ᘏԧ៪㗙にষᰒ⼎ⱘ䆒㕂ؐDŽ
/REPLOT˖Ўњᮍ֓ˈ㞾ࡼথߎϞϔϾᰒ⼎ੑҸDŽ
/RESET˖ᇚᰒ⼎䆒㕂ؐᘶ໡ࠄ߱ྟ咬䅸ؐDŽ
/SEG˖‫ܕ‬䆌ᇚ೒ᔶ᭄᥂ࡴ䕑ࠄሔ䚼ᰒ⼎‫ݙ‬ᄬDŽ
/SHOW˖ᣛᅮᰒ⼎䆒໛੠݊Ҫ೒ᔶᰒ⼎খ᭄DŽ
TIFF˖ᦤկTIFF᭛ӊḐᓣⱘ೒ᔶ䕧ߎˈ㒭ANSYSᰒ⼎DŽ
/WINDOW˖ᅮНሣᐩϞ೒ᔶにষⱘ໻ᇣDŽ
㸼12. 㾚೒˄Views˅
䖭ѯ೒ᔶ˄GRAPHICS˅ੑҸ⫼Ѣ᥻ࠊ῵ൟᰒ⼎ⱘ㾚೒DŽ
/ANGLE˖ೈ㒩തᷛ䕈ᮟ䕀ᰒ⼎೒ᔶDŽ
/AUTO˖ᇚ⛺⚍੠㾖ᆳ䎱⾏䞡㕂ࠄ㞾ࡼ䅵ㅫؐˈҹ᳔Շ↨՟ᰒ⼎೒ᔶDŽ
/DIST˖ᣛᅮ㾖ᆳ䎱⾏੠㾚೒ⱘᬒ໻‫ס‬᭄DŽ

578
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

/FOCUS˖ᣛᅮ⛺⚍ԡ㕂˄にষЁᖗԡ㕂˅DŽ
/USER˖ᇚ/FOCUS੠/DIST䞡㕂ࠄ⫼᠋䆒㕂ؐDŽ
/VCONE˖ᅮН䗣㾚೒ᰒ⼎ⱘ㾚㾝䫹ᑺⱘ㾦ᑺDŽ
/VIEW˖ᅮНᰒ⼎ⱘ㾖ᆳᮍ৥ˈ㾚⚍DŽ
/VUP˖ᣛᅮᭈԧワवᇨതᷛ㋏Ўখ㗗ᮍԡDŽ
/XFRM˖᥻ࠊ䋼ᖗ៪ࡼᗕᮟ䕀㾖ᆳⱘ䕈DŽ
/ZOOM˖ᬒ໻ᰒ⼎にষⱘऎඳDŽ
㸼13. 㓽ᬒ
䖭ѯ೒ᔶ˄GRAPHICS˅ੑҸ⫼Ѣ㓽ᬒ৘Ͼ䚼ߚᰒ⼎ऎඳDŽ
/DSCALE˖䆒㕂ԡ⿏ᰒ⼎ⱘᬒ໻㋏᭄DŽ
/ICLWID˖㓽ᬒ೚ᔶ೒ᷛ㒓ᆑDŽ
/ICSCALE˖㓽ᬒऩ‫ܗ‬೒ᷛ໻ᇣDŽ
/RATIO˖ᡁ᳆޴ԩ೒ᔶᇍ䈵DŽ
/SHRINK˖Ў๲ᔎᰒ⼎ᬜᵰˈᬊ㓽ऩ‫ˈܗ‬㒓ˈ䴶੠ԧDŽ
/SSCALE˖䆒㕂㡆ᑺ೒ᰒ⼎ⱘㄝ催㒓ᬒ໻㋏᭄DŽ
/TXTRE˖㒭䗝Ёⱘᇍ䈵ᑨ⫼᳝㒎㒛㒍䏃ⱘ亢ḐDŽ
/VSCALE˖㓽ᬒᰒ⼎ⶶ䞣ⱘ䭓ᑺDŽ
㸼14. ᰒ⼎亢Ḑ
䖭ѯ೒ᔶ˄GRAPHICS˅ੑҸ⫼Ѣᬍব῵ൟᰒ⼎ᮍᓣDŽ
/CPLANE˖ᣛᅮ៾䴶੠ࠪ䴶ᰒ⼎ⱘࠪߛᑇ䴶DŽ
/CTYPE˖ᣛᅮㄝ催㒓ᰒ⼎㉏ൟDŽ
/EDGE˖াᰒ⼎ᇍ䈵ⱘĀ䖍㓬āDŽ
/ESHAPE˖ᣝ✻ᅲᐌ᭄⹂ᅮⱘᔶ⢊ᰒ⼎ऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ
/FACET˖ᣛᅮᔶ៤ᅲԧ῵ൟᰒ⼎ⱘ໮䴶ԧⱘ䴶᭄DŽ
/GLINE˖ᣛᅮऩ‫ܗ‬䕂ᒧ㒓亢ḐDŽ
/GMARKER˖ᣛᅮ᳆㒓ᷛ䆄亢ḐDŽ
/LIGHT ˖ᣛᅮᰒ⼎にষⱘ‫⑤ܝ‬ᮍ৥DŽ
/NORMAL˖‫ܕ‬䆌Ң乊䚼៪㗙ᑩ䚼ᰒ⼎䴶ऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ
/SHADE˖ᅮНՓ⫼㓧‫ⱘކ‬㸼䴶䰈ᕅ㉏ൟDŽ
/TRLCY˖ᣛᅮञ䗣ᯢᴤ᭭ⱘ䗣‫ܝ‬ᑺDŽ
/TYPE˖ᅮНᰒ⼎㉏ൟDŽ
㸼15. ᷛㅒ
䖭ѯ೒ᔶ˄GRAPHICS˅ੑҸ⫼Ѣ⏏ࡴᰒ⼎ⱘ⊼䞞੠ヺোDŽ
/CFORMAT ˖᥻ࠊࣙ৿Ꮰ㜞ᄫ↡ⱘᄫヺІⱘখ᭄ˈ䚼ӊ੠㒘ড়ԧঞ㸼Ḑㄝⱘ೒ᔶᰒ⼎DŽ
/CLABEL˖ᣛᅮㄝ催㒓ᷛ⊼DŽ
/CONTOUR˖೼ᑨ࡯ᰒ⼎೒Ϟᣛᅮഛࣔⱘㄝ催㒓ؐDŽ
/CVAL˖೼ᑨ࡯ᰒ⼎೒Ϟᣛᅮ䴲ഛࣔⱘㄝ催㒓ؐDŽ
/GFORMAT ˖ᣛᅮ᭄ᄫⱘ೒ᔶᰒ⼎ḐᓣDŽ
/NUMBER˖ᣛᅮᰃ৺ᰒ⼎᭄ᄫˈ买㡆ˈ៪㗙ϸ㗙䛑ᰒ⼎DŽ

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/PBC˖೼ᰒ⼎೒Ϟᰒ⼎䖍⬠ᴵӊヺো੠ؐDŽ
/PBF˖೼ㄝ催㒓ⱘᰒ⼎೒Ϟᰒ⼎ԧ⿃࡯㥋䕑DŽ
PGSELE˖㒭ᏺPGR㾖ᆳ఼ⱘ೒ᔶᰒ⼎ˈ䗝ᢽϔϾऩ‫ܗ‬ᄤ䲚DŽ
/PICE˖೼ऩ‫ܗ‬ㄝ催㒓ᰒ⼎೒Ϟᰒ⼎߱ྟᴵӊDŽ
/PLOPTS˖೼䱣ৢᰒ⼎೒Ϟˈᰒ⼎೒ᔶ䗝乍DŽ
/PNUM˖᥻ࠊᰒ⼎೒Ϟⱘᅲԧ㓪ো੠买㡆DŽ
/PSF˖೼῵ൟᰒ⼎೒Ϟˈᰒ⼎㸼䴶㥋䕑ヺোDŽ
/PSYMB˖೼ᰒ⼎೒Ϟᰒ⼎৘⾡ヺোDŽ
/TRIAD˖೼ᰒ⼎೒Ϟᰒ⼎ᭈԧതᷛXYZⱘതᷛ䕈ᷛᖫDŽ
㸼16. ೒ᔶ
䖭ѯ೒ᔶ˄GRAPHICS˅ੑҸ⫼Ѣ᥻ࠊ᳆㒓೒ⱘᰒ⼎ᮍᓣDŽ
/AXLAB˖೼ᰒ⼎೒Ϟ⏏ࡴX੠Y䕈ᷛᖫDŽ
/GRID˖೼ᰒ⼎೒Ϟˈ䗝ᢽ㔥Ḑ㉏ൟᰃ৺ᠧᓔDŽ
/GROPT˖䆒㕂৘⾡᳆㒓೒䗝乍DŽ
/GRTYP˖䗝ᢽ೼ᰒ⼎೒ϞⱘऩϾ៪㗙໮ϾY䕈DŽ
/GTHK˖䆒㕂೒ᔶ㒓ᆑDŽ
/XRANGE˖ᣛᅮ㒓ᗻ๲ࡴⱘ῾തᷛ(X˅ࠏᑺ㣗ೈDŽ
/YRANGE˖ᣛᅮ㒓ᗻ๲ࡴⱘ㒉തᷛ(Y˅ࠏᑺ㣗ೈDŽ
㸼17. ᷛ⊼
䖭ѯ೒ᔶ˄GRAPHICS˅ੑҸ⫼Ѣᷛ⊼೒ᔶᰒ⼎Ϟⱘ⊼䞞੠ヺোDŽ
/AN3D˖ᣛᅮ3Dᷛ⊼ࡳ㛑DŽ
/ANNOT˖▔⌏೒ᔶᰒ⼎(GUI˅Ёⱘ⊼䞞ࡳ㛑DŽ
/ANUM˖ᣛᅮᷛ⊼㓪োˈ㉏ൟ੠⛁⚍(GUI˅DŽ
/LARC˖ᓎゟᷛ⊼೚ᓻ(GUI˅DŽ
/LINE˖ᓎゟᷛ⊼㒓(GUI˅DŽ
/LSPEC˖ᣛᅮᷛ⊼㒓ሲᗻ(GUI˅DŽ
/LSYMBOL˖ᓎゟᷛ⊼ヺো(GUI˅DŽ
/PCIRCLE˖ᓎゟᷛ⊼೚(GUI˅DŽ
/PMORE˖ᓎゟᷛ⊼໮䖍ᔶ(GUI˅DŽ
/POLYGON˖ᓎゟᷛ⊼໮䖍ᔶ(GUI˅DŽ
/PSPEC˖ᅮНᷛ⊼໮䖍ᔶሲᗻ(GUI˅DŽ
/PWEDGE˖ᓎゟᷛ⊼ἨൟḚ(GUI˅DŽ
/TLABEL˖ᓎゟᷛ⊼᭛ᴀ(GUI˅DŽ
/TSPEC˖ᅮНᷛ⊼᭛ᴀሲᗻ(GUI˅DŽ

4. খ᭄࣪䆒䅵䇁㿔˄APDL˅ੑҸ
䖭ѯੑҸᵘ䗴䍋њANSYSⱘখ᭄࣪䆒䅵䇁㿔APDL˄Parametric Design Language˅DŽ
㸼18. খ᭄ᅮН
䖭ѯAPDLੑҸ⫼ѢᅮНখ᭄੠ᅗӀⱘؐDŽ

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*AFUN˖ᣛᅮখ᭄㸼䖒ᓣЁ㾦ᑺߑ᭄ⱘऩԡDŽ
*ASK˖ᦤ⼎⫼᠋䕧ܹϔϾখ᭄ؐDŽ
*DEL˖ߴ䰸ϔϾখ᭄(GUI˅DŽ
*DIM˖ᅮНϔϾ᭄㒘খ᭄੠ᅗⱘ㓈᭄DŽ
*GET˖ᶹ䆶ϔϾؐᑊᇚֱ݊ᄬࠄϔϾব䞣DŽ
/INQUIRE˖ᇚ㋏㒳ֵᙃֱᄬࠄϔϾখ᭄DŽ
PARRES˖Ң᭛ӊЁ䇏ܹখ᭄DŽ
PARSAV˖ᇚখ᭄‫ܹݭ‬᭛ӊDŽ
*SET˖㒭⫼᠋ੑҸⱘখ᭄䌟ؐDŽ
*STATUS˖߫ߎᔧࠡখ᭄੠㓽‫ݭ‬DŽ
*TREAD˖Ң໪䚼᭛ӊЁ䇏᭄ܹ᥂ˈᑊֱᄬࠄ᭄㒘খ᭄DŽ
*VFILL˖฿‫ܙ‬᭄㒘খ᭄DŽ
*VGET˖ᶹ䆶ؐˈᑊᄬ᭄ܹ㒘খ᭄DŽ
*VREAD˖䇏ߎ᭄᥂ˈᑊ⫳៤ϔϾ᭄㒘খ᭄ⶶ䞣៪㗙ⶽ䰉DŽ
㸼19. ᅣ˄Macro˅᭛ӊ
䖭ѯAPDLੑҸ⫼Ѣᓎゟ੠ᠻ㸠ᅣੑҸDŽ
*CFCLOS˖݇䯁ĀੑҸā᭛ӊDŽ
*CFOPEN˖ᠧᓔϔϾĀੑҸā᭛ӊDŽ
*CFWRITE˖ᇚANSYSੑҸ(៪㗙㉏ൟⱘᄫヺІ˅‫ࠄܹݭ‬ϔϾĀੑҸā᭛ӊDŽ
*CREATE˖ᠧᓔ˄ᓎゟ˅ϔϾᅣ᭛ӊDŽ
*END˖݇䯁ᅣ᭛ӊDŽ
*MSG˖߽⫼ANSYSⱘֵᙃ䕧ߎにষ䕧ߎᦤ⼎ֵᙃDŽ
/PMACRO˖ᣛᅮ㽕‫ܹݭ‬䖯⿟᮹ᖫ᭛ӊⱘᅣⱘ‫ݙ‬ᆍDŽ
/PSEARCH˖ᣛᅮᶹᡒĀ᳾ⶹੑҸāⱘᅣ᭛ӊⱘⳂᔩ䏃ᕘDŽ
/TEE˖೼ᠻ㸠䆹ੑҸⱘৠᯊˈᇚੑҸ‫ࠄܹݭ‬ᣛᅮ᭛ӊDŽ
*ULIB˖䆚߿ϔϾᅣᑧ᭛ӊDŽ
*USE˖ᠻ㸠ϔϾᅣ᭛ӊDŽ
㸼20. 㓽‫ݭ‬
䖭ѯAPDLੑҸ⫼ѢᅮН↨䕗䭓ⱘੑҸⱘ㓽‫ˈݭ‬ҹᓎゟ⫼᠋㞾ᅮНੑҸDŽ
*ABBR˖ᅮНϔϾ㓽‫ݭ‬DŽ
ABBRES˖ҢϔϾ㓪ⷕ᭛ӊЁ䇏ܹ㓽‫ݭ‬DŽ
ABBSAV˖ᇚᔧࠡⱘ㓽‫ֱݭ‬ᄬࠄϔϾ㓪ⷕ᭛ӊDŽ
/UCMD˖㒭⫼᠋㞾ᅮНੑҸ䍋ϔϾৡᄫDŽ
㸼21. ᭄㒘খ᭄
䖭ѯAPDLੑҸ⫼Ѣ᪡԰খ᭄᭄㒘˄↨བⶶ䞣੠ⶽ䰉˅DŽ
*MFOURI˖䅵ㅫϔϾٙ⇣㑻᭄ⱘ㋏᭄ˈ៪㗙∖ؐDŽ
*MFUN˖ᣋ䋱៪㗙䕀㕂ϔϾ᭄㒘খ᭄ⶽ䰉DŽ
*MOPE˖ᇍ᭄㒘খ᭄ⶽ䰉ᠻ㸠ⶽ䰉᪡԰DŽ
*MWRITE˖ᇚⶽ䰉ᣝ✻Ḑᓣ⃵ᑣֱᄬࠄϔϾ᭛ӊDŽ

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*TOPER˖᪡԰㸼Ḑখ᭄DŽ
*VABS˖㒭᭄㒘খ᭄ᑨ⫼㒱ᇍؐߑ᭄DŽ
*VCOL˖ᣛᅮ೼ⶽ䰉᪡԰Ёⱘ߫ⱘ㓈᭄DŽ
*VCUM˖‫ܕ‬䆌᭄㒘খ᭄㒧ᵰ੠Ꮖ᳝㒧ᵰⳌࡴDŽ
*VEDIT˖‫ܕ‬䆌᭄ؐൟ᭄㒘খ᭄೼೒ᔶЁ㹿㓪䕥੠ׂᬍDŽ
*VFACT˖㒭᭄㒘খ᭄ᑨ⫼ϔϾᷛ䞣ЬᄤDŽ
*VFUN˖㒭᭄㒘খ᭄ⱘϔϾ‫ܗ‬㋴ᠻ㸠ߑ᭄᪡԰DŽ
*VITRP˖ᇍϔϾ㸼ᦦؐᴹᔶ៤᭄㒘খ᭄DŽ
*VLEN˖ᣛᅮ᭄㒘খ᭄᪡԰ᯊⱘ㸠᭄DŽ
*VMASK˖ᣛᅮᇚϔϾ᭄㒘খ᭄԰Ўⶶ䞣ᴹ໘⧚DŽ
*VOPER˖᪡԰ϸ㒘᭄㒘খ᭄DŽ
*VPLOT˖ᇍ᭄㒘খ᭄ⱘϸ߫˄ⶶ䞣˅㒬೒DŽ
*VPUT ˖ᇚ᭄㒘খ᭄ؐ䞡ᮄ㺙䕑ࠄANSYS᭄᥂ᑧDŽ
*VSCFUN˖⹂ᅮ᭄㒘খ᭄ⱘሲᗻDŽ
*VSTAT ˖߫ߎ᭄㒘খ᭄ⱘ䇈ᯢֵᙃDŽ
*VWRITE˖ᣝḐᓣᑣ߫ᇚ᭄᥂‫ࠄߎݭ‬ϔϾ᭛ӊDŽ
㸼22. ⿟ᑣ⌕⿟᥻ࠊ
䖭ѯAPDLੑҸ⫼Ѣ᥻ࠊ݊ҪੑҸ㹿ᠻ㸠ⱘ⃵ᑣDŽ
*CYCLE˖ੑҸdo-loopᕾ⦃Ёⱘ䖨ಲੑҸDŽ
*DO˖ᅮНdo-loopᕾ⦃ԧⱘᓔྟDŽ
*ELSE˖߸ᮁ䇁হif-then-elseⱘЁ䯈ߚᬃ⚍DŽ
*ELSEIF˖ߚ䱨ϔϾЁ䯈ⱘif-then-elseഫDŽ
*ENDDO˖㒧ᴳϔϾdo-loopᕾ⦃ˈᑊᓔྟᕾ⦃᪡԰DŽ
*ENDIF˖㒧ᴳϔϾif-then-else䇁হDŽ
*EXIT˖䗔ߎdo-loopᕾ⦃DŽ
*GO˖೼㽕䇏ܹⱘ᭛ӊЁѻ⫳ϔϾᣛᅮⱘ䕧ܹ㸠DŽ
*IF˖ᴵӊੑҸDŽ
*REPEAT ˖䞡໡ࠡ䴶ⱘੑҸDŽ
/WAIT˖೼䇏ܹϟϔϾੑҸПࠡˈѻ⫳ϔϾ᱖‫ذ‬DŽ

5. ࠡ໘⧚˄PREP7˅ੑҸ
䖭ѯੑҸ⫼Ѣᓎゟ੠䆒㕂῵ൟ᪡԰DŽ
㸼23. ᭄᥂ᑧ
䖭ѯPREP7ੑҸ⫼Ѣ䇏প῵ൟ᭄᥂ࠄ᭄᥂ᑧˈ߫ߎ᭄᥂ᑧ‫ݙ‬ᆍˈ᥻ࠊ᭄᥂ᑧЁⱘᅲԧ
ⱘ㓪োDŽ
AFLIST˖߫ߎᔧ᭄ࠡ᥂ᑧЁⱘ᭄᥂DŽ
CDREAD˖ᇚϔϾᅲԧ῵ൟ᭛ӊ੠᭄᥂ֵᙃ䇏ܹࠄ᭄᥂ᑧDŽ
CDWRITE˖ᇚ޴ԩ੠㥋䕑᭄᥂ᑧֵᙃ䕧ߎࠄϔϾ᭛ӊDŽ
CHECK˖Ẕᶹᔧ᭄ࠡ᥂ᑧЁ᭄᥂ⱘᅠᭈᗻDŽ

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 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

CNCHECK˖߫ߎ᥹㾺ᇍⱘ߱ྟ⢊ᗕDŽ
FC˖ᦤկ༅ᬜ‫ֵ߭ޚ‬ᙃ੠▔⌏ϔϾ⏽ᑺⳌ݇ⱘᑨ࡯੠ᑨবᵕ䰤ⱘ䕧᭄ܹ᥂㸼DŽ
FCCHECK˖Ẕᶹ᠔᳝ᴤ᭭ⱘᑨব੠ᑨ࡯䕧ܹ‫߭ޚ‬DŽ
FCDELE˖ߴ䰸ࠡ䴶Ꮖ㒣ᅮНⱘᴤ᭭ⱘ༅ᬜ‫߭ޚ‬᭄᥂DŽ
FCLIST˖߫ߎᏆ㒣䕧ܹⱘ༅ᬜ‫߭ޚ‬DŽ
IGESOUT ˖ᣝIGES 5.1Ḑᓣˈᇚᅲԧ῵ൟ᭄᥂‫ࠄߎݭ‬᭛ӊDŽ
NOOFFSET˖䗮䖛‫⿏أ‬ᣛᅮ᭄᥂乍ˈ䰏ℶCDREADੑҸⱘᠻ㸠DŽ
NUMCMP˖य़㓽Ꮖ㒣ᅮНᴵⳂⱘ㓪োDŽ
NUMMRG˖ড়ᑊ䞡ড়⚍៪㗙Ꮖ㒣ᅮНⱘㄝᬜ᭄᥂DŽ
NUMOFF˖㒭Ꮖ㒣ᅮНⱘᇍ䈵๲ࡴϔϾ‫⿏أ‬䞣DŽ
NUMSTR˖㒭㞾ࡼ㓪োⱘᇍ䈵ˈᣛᅮ䍋ྟোⷕDŽ
/PREP7˖䖯ܹᓎゟ῵ൟࠡ໘⧚఼DŽ
㸼24. ऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟ
䖭ѯPREP7ੑҸᅮН῵ൟЁ㽕Փ⫼ⱘऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟDŽ
DOF˖㒭ᔧࠡ㞾⬅ᑺ๲ࡴ㞾⬅ᑺDŽ
ET˖Ңऩ‫ܗ‬ᑧЁᅮНऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟDŽ
ETCHG˖ᬍবऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟЎᅗӀⳌᑨⱘ㉏ൟDŽ
ETDELE˖ߴ䰸ऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟDŽ
ETLIST˖߫ߎᏆ㒣ᅮНⱘऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟDŽ
KEYOPT˖䆒㕂ऩ‫ܗ‬䗝乍DŽ
NSVR˖ᅮН⫼᠋㓪⿟ऩ‫ܗ‬䗝乍ⱘব䞣Ͼ᭄DŽ
㸼25. ᅲᐌ᭄
䖭ѯPREP7ੑҸᅮН῵ൟᅲᐌ᭄DŽ
R˖ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬ᅲᐌ᭄DŽ
RDELE˖ߴ䰸ᅲᐌ᭄DŽ
RLIST˖߫ߎᅲᐌ᭄DŽ
RMODIF˖ׂᬍᅲᐌ᭄DŽ
RMORE˖๲ࡴᅲᐌ᭄DŽ
㸼26. ᴤ᭭
䖭ѯPREP7ੑҸ⫼ѢᅮН㒓ᗻᴤ᭭ሲᗻDŽ
*EVAL˖ᇍ䍙ᔍᗻᐌ᭄∖ؐDŽ
*MOONEY˖Ңᅲ偠᭄᥂Ёˈ䅵ㅫMooney-Rivlin䍙ᔍᗻᐌ᭄DŽ
MP˖ᅮН㒓ᗻᴤ᭭ሲᗻDŽ
MPAMOD˖ׂᬍ⛁㝼㚔ⱘ⏽ᑺⳌ݇ⱘ㋏᭄DŽ
MPCHG˖ᬍবऩ‫ܗ‬ᴤ᭭Ͼ᭄DŽ
MPCOPY˖߽⫼ᴤ᭭খ㗗োˈᣋ䋱ᴤ᭭῵ൟ᭄᥂DŽ
MPDATA˖ᅮНϢ⏽ᑺ㸼Ⳍ㘨㋏ⱘሲᗻ᭄᥂DŽ
MPDELE˖ߴ䰸㒓ᗻᴤ᭭ሲᗻDŽ
MPDRES˖ᇚᏆ᳝ⱘᴤ᭄᭭᥂੠⏽ᑺ㸼㘨㋏䍋ᴹDŽ

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/MPLIB˖䆒㕂咬䅸ⱘᴤ᭭ᑧ䇏‫ݭ‬䏃ᕘDŽ
MPLIST˖߫ߎ㒓ᗻᴤ᭭ሲᗻDŽ
MPPLOT˖㒬ࠊ㒓ᗻᴤ᭭ሲᗻ䱣ⴔ⏽ᑺব࣪ⱘ᳆㒓DŽ
MPREAD˖Ңࣙ৿ᴤ᭭ሲᗻⱘ᭛ӊ䇏ܹᴤ᭄᭭᥂DŽ
MPTEMP˖㒭ᴤ᭭ሲᗻᅮНϔϾ⏽ᑺ㸼DŽ
MPTGEN˖䗮䖛⫳៤᪡԰㒭⏽ᑺ㸼๲ࡴϔϾ⏽ᑺؐDŽ
MPTRES˖䞡ᮄ䇏ܹࠡ䴶Ꮖ㒣ᅮНⱘ⏽ᑺ㸼DŽ
MPWRITE˖ᇚ᭄᥂ᑧЁⱘ㒓ᗻᴤ᭭ሲᗻֱᄬࠄϔϾ᭛ӊ˄བᵰLib 䗝乍≵᳝ᣛᅮ˅ˈ
៪㗙ᇚ᭄᥂ᑧЁⱘ㒓ᗻ੠䴲㒓ᗻᴤ᭭ሲᗻ˄བᵰᣛᅮњLib䗝乍˅䛑ֱᄬࠄ᭛ӊDŽ
TBFT˖ᇍᴤ᭄᭭᥂ᠻ㸠᳆㒓ᢳড়᪡԰DŽ
UIMP˖ᅮНᴤ᭭ሲᗻ(GUI˅DŽ
㸼27. ᭄᥂㸼˄DataTable˅
䖭ѯPREP7ੑҸᓎゟ੠ׂᬍ᭄᥂㸼ˈ↨བᅮН䴲㒓ᗻᴤ᭭DŽ
TB˖▔⌏ϔϾ᭄᥂㸼DŽ
TBCOPY˖ᇚϔ⾡ᴤ᭭ⱘ᭄᥂㸼ᣋ䋱ࠄ঺ϔ⾡ᴤ᭭DŽ
TBDATA˖㒭᭄᥂㸼ᅮН᭄᥂DŽ
TBDELE˖ߴ䰸ࠡ䴶Ꮖ㒣ᅮНⱘ᭄᥂㸼DŽ
TBLIST˖߫ߎ᭄᥂㸼DŽ
TBMODIF˖ׂᬍ᭄᥂㸼Ёⱘ᭄᥂(GUI˅DŽ
TBPLOT˖೒ᔶᰒ⼎᭄᥂㸼DŽ
TBPT˖೼ᑨ࡯-ᑨব៪㗙B-H᳆㒓ϞˈᅮНϔϾ⚍DŽ
TBTEMP˖㒭᭄᥂㸼ᅮНϔϾ⏽ᑺDŽ

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㸼28. ෎ᴀԧ㋴˄Primitives˅
䖭ѯPREP7ੑҸ⫼Ѣᓎゟ῵ൟⱘ෎ᴀԧ㋴DŽ
BLC4˖䗮䖛ᣛᅮ㾦⚍ˈᓎゟϔϾⶽᔶऎඳ៪㗙ᮍഫԧDŽ
BLC5˖⫼Ёᖗ⚍੠㾦⚍ˈᓎゟϔϾⶽᔶऎඳ៪㗙ᮍഫԧDŽ
BLOCK˖೼Ꮉ԰䴶തᷛ㋏ˈᓎゟϔϾᮍഫԧDŽ
CON4˖೼Ꮉ԰䴶ⱘӏᛣԡ㕂ˈᓎゟ೚䫹ԧDŽ
CONE˖೼Ꮉ԰䴶ॳ⚍໘ˈᓎゟ೚䫹ԧDŽ
CYL4˖೼Ꮉ԰䴶ⱘӏᛣԡ㕂ˈᓎゟ᷅䴶៪㗙೚᷅ԧDŽ
CYL5˖⫼ϸϾッ⚍ˈᓎゟ᷅䴶៪㗙೚᷅ԧDŽ
CYLIND˖೼Ꮉ԰䴶ॳ⚍໘ˈᓎゟ೚᷅ԧDŽ
PCIRC˖೼Ꮉ԰䴶ॳ⚍໘ˈᓎゟ᷅䴶DŽ
POLY˖෎ѢᎹ԰䴶തᷛ䕈ˈᓎゟ໮䴶ԧ䴶DŽ
PRI2˖⫼乊⚍ᓎゟ໮䴶ԧ䴶៪㗙ễ᷅ԧ(GUI˅DŽ
PRISM˖෎ѢᎹ԰䴶തᷛ䕈ˈᓎゟễ᷅ԧDŽ
PTXY˖ᅮНതᷛ䕈ˈ⫼Ѣᵘᓎ໮䖍ᔶ៪㗙ễ᷅ԧDŽ
RECTNG˖೼Ꮉ԰䴶ⱘӏᛣԡ㕂ˈᓎゟϔϾⶽᔶऎඳDŽ
RPOLY˖೼Ꮉ԰䴶ॳ⚍໘ˈᓎゟϔϾ㾘߭ⱘ໮䖍ᔶ䴶DŽ
RPR4˖೼Ꮉ԰䴶ⱘӏᛣԡ㕂ˈᓎゟ㾘߭ⱘ໮䖍ᔶ䴶៪㗙ễ᷅ԧDŽ
RPRISM˖೼Ꮉ԰䴶ॳ⚍໘ˈᓎゟϔϾ㾘߭ⱘễ᷅ԧDŽ
SPH4˖೼Ꮉ԰䴶ⱘӏᛣԡ㕂ˈᓎゟ⧗ԧDŽ
SPH5˖߽⫼ⳈᕘⱘϸϾッ⚍ˈᓎゟ⧗ԧDŽ
SPHERE˖೼Ꮉ԰䴶ॳ⚍໘ˈᓎゟ⧗ԧDŽ
TORUS˖ᓎゟॳ⦃ԧDŽ
㸼29. ݇䬂⚍˄Keypoints˅
䖭ѯPREP7ੑҸ⫼Ѣᓎゟˈׂᬍˈ߫ߎ݇䬂⚍ㄝ᪡԰DŽ
GSUM˖䅵ㅫ੠ᠧॄ޴ԩֵᙃDŽ
K˖ᅮН݇䬂⚍DŽ
KBETW˖೼Ꮖ㒣ᄬ೼ⱘϸϾ݇䬂⚍П䯈ˈᓎゟϔϾ݇䬂⚍DŽ
KCENTER˖೼Ꮖ㒣ᅮНⱘ3Ͼԡ㕂ⱘ೚ᓻЁᖗˈᓎゟ݇䬂⚍DŽ
KDELE˖ߴ䰸≵᳝ᠻ㸠㔥Ḑߦߚⱘ݇䬂⚍DŽ
KDIST˖䅵ㅫᑊᰒ⼎ϸϾ݇䬂⚍П䯈ⱘ䎱⾏DŽ
KFILL˖೼ϸϾ݇䬂⚍П䯈ˈ฿‫⫳ܙ‬៤݇䬂⚍DŽ
KGEN˖⫼ϔ⾡݇䬂⚍῵ᓣˈ⫳៤݇䬂⚍DŽ
KL˖೼Ꮖ᳝ⱘ㒓Ϟⱘᣛᅮԡ㕂ˈ⫳៤݇䬂⚍DŽ
KLIST˖߫ߎᏆ㒣ᅮНⱘ݇䬂⚍៪㗙 hard pointsDŽ
KMODIF˖ׂᬍᏆ᳝ⱘ݇䬂⚍DŽ
KMOVE˖䅵ㅫˈᑊᇚ݇䬂⚍⿏ࡼࠄѸ⚍ԡ㕂DŽ
KNODE˖೼Ꮖ᳝ⱘ㡖⚍ԡ㕂ˈᅮН݇䬂⚍DŽ
KPLOT˖೒ᔶᰒ⼎㹿䗝Ёⱘ݇䬂⚍DŽ

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KPSCALE˖Ң݇䬂⚍῵ᓣЁˈ⫳៤ᣝ↨՟ⱘϔ㋏߫(ᏺ㔥Ḑⱘ˅݇䬂⚍DŽ
KSCALE˖ᣝ✻㒭ᅮⱘ݇䬂⚍῵ᓣˈ⫳៤ᣝ↨՟ⱘϔ㋏߫݇䬂⚍DŽ
KSUM˖䅵ㅫˈᑊᠧॄ㹿䗝Ёⱘ݇䬂⚍ⱘ޴ԩ㒳䅵ֵᙃDŽ
KSYMM˖ᇍ⿄⫳៤ϔ㋏߫݇䬂⚍DŽ
KTRAN˖ᇚ݇䬂⚍῵ᓣˈӴ䕧ࠄ঺ϔϾതᷛ㋏DŽ
SOUR CE˖ᇍ᳾ᅮНⱘ㡖⚍៪㗙݇䬂⚍ˈᅮН咬䅸ⱘԡ㕂DŽ
㸼30. ⹀⚍˄Hard Points˅
䖭ѯPREP7ੑҸ⫼Ѣᓎゟˈׂᬍˈ߫ߎ⹀⚍ㄝ᪡԰DŽ
HPTCREATE˖ᅮН⹀⚍DŽ
HPTDELETE˖ߴ䰸䗝Ёⱘ⹀⚍DŽ
㸼31. 㒓˄Lines˅
䖭ѯPREP7ੑҸ⫼Ѣᓎゟˈׂᬍˈ߫ߎ㒓ㄝ᪡԰DŽ
BSPLIN˖䖛ϔ㒘݇䬂⚍ˈ⫳៤໮Н㒓˄SPLINE˅DŽ
CIRCLE˖ᅮН೚DŽ
GSUM˖䅵ㅫˈᑊᠧॄ޴ԩֵᙃDŽ
L˖೼ϸϾ݇䬂⚍П䯈ˈᅮН㒓DŽ
L2ANG˖⫳៤ϢϸϾᏆ᳝ⱘ㒓៤ϔᅮ།㾦ⱘ㒓DŽ
L2TAN˖⫳៤Ϣϸᴵ㒓Ⳍߛⱘ㒓DŽ
LANG˖⫳៤੠ϔᴵ㒓៤ϔᅮ㾦ᑺⱘⳈ㒓DŽ
LARC˖ᅮН೚ᓻDŽ
LAREA˖೼ϔϾ䴶ϞⱘϸϾ݇䬂⚍П䯈ˈ⫳៤᳔ⷁ㒓DŽ
LCOMB˖ᇚ䴲ᐌ᥹䖥ⱘ㒓ড়ᑊЎϔᴵ㒓DŽ
LDELE˖ߴ䰸≵᳝㔥Ḑߦߚⱘ㒓DŽ
LDIV˖ᇚϔᴵ㒓ߚ䱨៤ϸᴵ៪㗙᳈໮ᴵ㒓DŽ
LDRAG˖ᇚϔϾ݇䬂⚍⊓ⴔ䏃ᕘᠿᦣˈ⫳៤㒓DŽ
LEXTND˖⊓ⴔ᭰⥛ᮍ৥ˈᓊԌᶤᴵ㒓DŽ
LFILLT˖೼ϸᴵⳌѸ㒓ⱘѸ⚍䰘䖥ˈ⫳៤‫צ‬೚㒓DŽ
LGEN˖ᣝ✻Ꮖ᳝㒓ⱘ῵ᓣˈ⫳៤঺ϔѯ㒓DŽ
LLIST˖߫ߎᏆ㒣ᅮНⱘ㒓DŽ
LPLOT˖೒ᔶᰒ⼎㹿䗝Ёⱘ㒓DŽ
LREVERSE˖乴‫צ‬ϔᴵ㒓ⱘ⊩㒓ᮍ৥ˈϡ⫼ㅵ䖲᥹ᚙ‫៪މ‬㗙㔥Ḑߦߚ⢊ᗕDŽ
LROTAT ˖ᇚ݇䬂⚍㒩ᶤϔᴵ䕈ᮟ䕀ˈ⫳៤೚ᓻ㒓DŽ
LSSCALE˖ᣝ✻㒓ⱘ῵ᓣˈ⫳៤៤↨՟ⱘϔ㋏߫㒓DŽ
LSTR˖ϡ㗗㰥ᔧࠡ▔⌏ⱘതᷛ㋏ˈᅮНⳈ㒓DŽ
LSUM˖䅵ㅫᑊᰒ⼎㹿䗝Ёⱘ㒓ⱘ޴ԩ㒳䅵ֵᙃDŽ
LSYMM˖߽⫼Ꮖ᳝㒓ⱘ῵ᓣˈᇍ⿄⫳៤㒓DŽ
LTAN˖೼Ꮖ᳝ⱘ㒓ⱘッ⚍ˈ⫳៤Ϣॳ᳝㒓ⳌߛⱘⳈ㒓DŽ
LTRAN˖ᇚ㒓ⱘ῵ᓣӴ䗦ࠄ঺ϔϾതᷛ㋏DŽ
SPLINE˖䖛ϔ㋏߫݇䬂⚍ˈ⫳៤ߚ↉ⱘ໮Н㒓DŽ

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SSLN˖䗝ᢽᑊᰒ⼎῵ൟЁⱘᇣ㒓↉DŽ
㸼32. 䴶˄Area˅
䖭ѯPREP7ੑҸ⫼Ѣᓎゟˈׂᬍˈ߫ߎ䴶ㄝ᪡԰DŽ
A˖䗮䖛䖲᥹݇䬂⚍ˈᅮН䴶DŽ
AATT˖ᇚऩ‫ܗ‬ሲᗻ੠䗝Ёⱘˈ᳾ߦߚ㔥Ḑⱘ䴶㘨㋏䍋ᴹDŽ
ADELE˖ߴ䰸᳾ߦߚ㔥Ḑⱘ䴶DŽ
ADGL˖߫ߎখ᭄䗔࣪ⱘ䴶Ϟⱘ݇䬂⚍DŽ
ADRAG˖䗮䖛ᇚϔᴵ㒓⊓ⴔ䏃ᕘᢪࡼˈ⫳៤ᠿᦣ䴶DŽ
AFILLT˖೼ϸϾⳌѸ䴶ⱘ৥㾦ԡ㕂⫳៤‫צ‬೚᳆䴶DŽ
AGEN˖ᣝᏆ᳝䴶ⱘ῵ᓣˈ⫳៤঺ϔѯ䴶DŽ
AL˖⫼ࠡ䴶Ꮖ㒣ᅮНⱘ㒓ˈೈ㒩⫳៤䴶DŽ
ALIST˖߫ߎᏆ㒣ᅮНⱘ䴶DŽ
ANORM˖䞡ᮄᅮН䴶ⱘ⊩㒓ᮍ৥DŽ
AOFFST˖䗮䖛‫⿏أ‬ϔϾ㒭ᅮⱘ䴶ˈ⫳៤䴶DŽ
APLOT˖೒ᔶᰒ⼎䗝Ёⱘ䴶DŽ
AREVERSE˖乴‫צ‬ϔϾ䴶ⱘ⊩㒓ᮍ৥ˈϡㅵ݊䖲᥹ᚙ‫މ‬੠㔥Ḑߦߚ⢊ᗕDŽ
AROTAT ˖ᇚ㒓ೈ㒩ϔᴵ䕈ಲ䕀ˈ⫳៤᷅䴶DŽ
ARSCALE˖ᇚϔϾ䴶㓽ᬒˈ⫳៤ϔ㋏߫៤↨՟ⱘ䴶DŽ
ARSYM˖ᇚϔϾ䴶ᣝ✻ᇍ⿄໡ࠊᮍ⊩ˈ⫳៤䴶DŽ
ASKIN˖䗮䖛ϔᴵ㒓ᇚϔϾ䴶䗮䖛Āᢻā᪡԰ˈ⫳៤ϔϾ䴶DŽ
ASUB˖⫼Ꮖ㒣ᄬ೼䴶ⱘᔶ⢊ˈ⫳៤ϔϾ䴶DŽ
ASUM˖䅵ㅫᑊᠧॄ㹿䗝Ёⱘ䴶ⱘ޴ԩ㒳䅵ֵᙃDŽ
ATRAN˖ᇚ䴶ⱘ῵ᓣӴ䗦㒭঺ϔϾതᷛ㋏DŽ
GSUM˖䅵ㅫᑊᠧॄ޴ԩᅲԧDŽ
SPLOT˖೒ᔶᰒ⼎㹿䗝Ёⱘ䴶੠ᅗӀϟ䴶ⱘᇣ䴶DŽ
㸼33. ԧ˄Volume˅
䖭ѯPREP7ੑҸ⫼Ѣᓎゟˈׂᬍˈ߫ߎԧㄝ᪡԰DŽ
EXTOPT˖䆒㕂Ң䴶ऩ‫⫳ܗ‬៤ԧऩ‫ⱘܗ‬ᢝԌ᪡԰ⱘⳌ݇᥻ࠊ䗝乍DŽ
GSUM˖䅵ㅫᑊᠧॄ޴ԩᅲԧֵᙃDŽ
V˖䗮䖛݇䬂⚍ᅮНԧDŽ
VA˖⫼䴶ೈ៤ԧⱘᮍ⊩⫳៤ԧDŽ
VDELE˖ߴ䰸᳾ߦߚ㔥ḐⱘԧDŽ
VDGL˖߫ߎখ᭄䗔࣪ⱘԧϞⱘ݇䬂⚍DŽ
VDRAG˖䗮䖛ᇚ䴶⊓ⴔϔϾ䏃ᕘᢪࡼⱘᮍ⊩ˈ⫳៤ԧDŽ
VEXT˖䗮䖛ᢝԌϔϾ䴶⫳៤ԧDŽ
VGEN˖ᣝϔϾԧ῵ᓣ⫳៤঺ϔϾԧDŽ
VLIST˖߫ߎᏆ㒣ᅮНⱘԧDŽ
VLSCALE˖ᣝϔϾԧ῵ᓣ⫳៤៤↨՟ⱘԧDŽ
VOFFST˖‫⿏أ‬㒭ᅮ䴶ˈ‫⫳⿏أ‬៤ԧDŽ

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VPLOT˖೒ᔶᰒ⼎㹿䗝ЁⱘԧDŽ
VROTAT ˖䗮䖛ᇚ䴶㒩ϔϾ䕈ಲ䕀ˈ⫳៤᷅ԧDŽ
VSUM˖䅵ㅫᑊᠧॄ㹿䗝Ёⱘԧⱘ޴ԩ㒳䅵ֵᙃDŽ
VSYMM˖䗮䖛ԧ῵ᓣⱘᇍ⿄໡ࠊˈ⫳៤ԧDŽ
VTRAN˖ᇚԧⱘ῵ᓣӴ䗦㒭঺ϔϾതᷛ㋏DŽ
㸼34. Ꮧᇨ᪡԰˄Booleans˅
䖭ѯPREP7ੑҸ⫼Ѣᇍᅲԧ῵ൟᇍ䈵ⱘᏗᇨ᪡԰DŽ
AADD˖ᇚ໮Ͼ䴶Ⳍࡴˈ㒘៤ϔϾ䴶DŽ
AGLUE˖䗮䖛Ā㉬㒧ā᪡԰⫳៤ᮄⱘ䴶DŽ
AINA˖⹂ᅮ໮Ͼ䴶ⱘѸ(Intersection˅DŽ
AINP˖⹂ᅮϸϾ䴶ⱘѸ(Intersection˅DŽ
AINV˖⹂ᅮϔϾ䴶੠ϔϾԧⱘѸ(Intersection˅DŽ
AOVLAP˖঴ড়˄Overlap˅䴶DŽ
APTN˖ߚऎ㒘ড়˄Partitions˅䴶DŽ
ASBA˖䴶Ⳍ‫ޣ‬DŽ
ASBL˖Ң䴶Ё‫ޣ‬এ㒓DŽ
ASBV˖ҢԧЁ‫ޣ‬এ䴶DŽ
ASBW˖⫼Ꮉ԰䴶៾ᓔ䴶˄‫ޣ‬এᎹ԰䴶˅DŽ
BOPTN˖ᣛᅮᏗᇨ᪡԰䗝乍DŽ
BTOL˖ᣛᅮᏗᇨ᪡԰ⱘᆍᏂDŽ
LCSL˖೼㒓ⱘѸ⚍ԡ㕂໘៾ᓔ㒓DŽ
LGLUE˖䗮䖛Ā㉬ড়ā᪡԰⫳៤㒓DŽ
LINA˖⹂ᅮ㒓੠䴶ⱘѸ(Intersection˅DŽ
LINL˖⹂ᅮ໮ᴵ㒓ⱘ݀݅ⳌѸ(Intersection˅䚼ߚDŽ
LINP˖⹂ᅮϸᴵ㒓ⱘ݀݅ⳌѸ䚼ߚDŽ
LINV˖⹂ᅮ㒓੠ԧⱘ݀݅ⳌѸ䚼ߚDŽ
LOVLAP˖঴ড়˄Overlap˅㒓DŽ
LPTN˖ߚऎ㒘ড়˄Partitions˅㒓DŽ
LSBA˖Ң㒓Ϟ‫ޣ‬এ䴶˄៾ᓔ㒓˅DŽ
LSBL˖Ң㒓Ϟ‫ޣ‬এ㒓DŽ
LSBV˖Ң㒓Ϟ‫ޣ‬এԧDŽ
LSBW˖Ң㒓Ϟ‫ޣ‬এᎹ԰䴶˄៾ᓔ㒓˅DŽ
VADD˖ԧⳌࡴˈ㒘៤ϔϾԧDŽ
VGLUE˖䗮䖛Ā㉬ড়ā⫳៤ᮄԧDŽ
VINP˖⹂ᅮϸϾԧⱘѸDŽ
VINV˖⹂ᅮԧⱘѸDŽ
VOVLAP˖঴ড়˄Overlaps˅ԧDŽ
VPTN˖ߚऎ㒘ড়˄Partitions˅ԧDŽ
VSBA˖ҢԧЁ‫ޣ‬এ䴶DŽ

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VSBV˖ҢԧЁ‫ޣ‬এԧDŽ
VSBW˖ҢԧЁ‫ޣ‬এᎹ԰䴶˄⫼Ꮉ԰䴶៾ᓔԧ˅DŽ
㸼35. ߦߚऩ‫ܗ‬㔥Ḑ˄Meshing˅
䖭ѯPREP7ੑҸ⫼Ѣᇚᅲԧ῵ൟ㔥ḐߦߚЎԧऩ‫ˈܗ‬বЎ㡖⚍੠ऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ
ACCAT ˖ᇚ໮Ͼ䴶䖲᥹䍋ᴹˈ‫ޚ‬໛ߦߚ᯴ᇘ㔥ḐDŽ
ACLEAR˖ߴ䰸Ϣ㹿䗝Ёⱘ䴶Ⳍ䖲᥹ⱘ㡖⚍੠䴶ऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ
AESIZE˖ᣛᅮ䴶ऩ‫ⱘߚߦܗ‬ऩ‫ܗ‬ሎᇌDŽ
AMAP˖ᣝ✻ᣛᅮ䴶ⱘ㾦⚍ˈ⫳៤2-D᯴ᇘ㔥ḐDŽ
AMESH˖೼䴶‫⫳ݙ‬៤㡖⚍੠䴶ऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ
AREFINE˖೼ᣛᅮ䴶਼ೈˈࡴᆚ㔥ḐDŽ
CHKMSH˖Ẕᶹࠡ䴶㔥Ḑߦߚⱘ䴶੠ԧDŽ
CLRMSHLN˖⏙䰸㔥ḐDŽ
CPCYC˖㗺ড়ᕾ⦃ᇍ⿄῵ൟⱘϸϾջ䴶ˈՓ㥋䕑೼↣Ͼջ䴶ϞⳌৠDŽ
DESIZE˖᥻ࠊ咬䅸ⱘऩ‫ܗ‬ሎᇌDŽ
EORIENT˖ᅮԡ೎ԧऩ‫⊩ⱘܗ‬㒓DŽ
EREFINE˖೼ᣛᅮऩ‫ܗ‬䰘䖥ࡴᆚ㔥ḐDŽ
ESIZE˖ᣛᅮ咬䅸㒓ⱘࠪߚ↉᭄DŽ
ESYS˖䆒㕂ऩ‫ܗ‬തᷛ㋏ሲᗻᣛ䩜DŽ
FVMESH˖⬅ߚ⾏໪䚼䴶ऩ‫(ܗ‬ᇣ䴶˅ᮍ⊩ˈ⫳៤㡖⚍੠ಯ䴶ԧऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ
GSGDATA˖㒭ϔ㠀ⱘᑇ䴶ᑨ࡯ऩ‫ܗ‬䗝乍ˈᣛᅮখ㗗⚍੠޴ԩ㑸㓈ᮍ৥DŽ
IMES H˖⊓ⴔ㒓៪㗙䴶ˈ⫳៤㡖⚍੠‫ݙ‬䚼ऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ
KATT˖ᇚሲᗻϢ䗝Ёⱘˈ᳾ߦߚ㔥Ḑⱘ݇䬂⚍㘨㋏䍋ᴹDŽ
KCLEAR˖ߴ䰸Ϣ݇䬂⚍Ⳍ䖲᥹ⱘ㡖⚍੠⚍ऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ
KESIZE˖ᣛᅮ䎱⾏݇䬂⚍᳔䖥ⱘऩ‫ⱘܗ‬䖍䭓DŽ
KMESH˖೼݇䬂⚍䰘䖥ˈ⫳៤㡖⚍੠⚍ऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ
KREFINE˖೼ᣛᅮⱘ݇䬂⚍਼ೈˈࡴᆚ㔥ḐDŽ
KSCON˖ᣛᅮᡁ᳆˄skewed˅䴶㔥Ḑ䰘䖥ⱘ݇䬂⚍DŽ
LATT˖ᇚሲᗻϢ䗝Ёⱘˈ᳾ߦߚ㔥Ḑⱘ㒓㘨㋏䍋ᴹDŽ
LCCAT ˖ᇚ໮ᴵ㒓䖲᥹៤ϔᴵ㒓ˈ⫼Ѣ᯴ᇘ㔥ḐDŽ
LCLEAR˖ߴ䰸Ϣ䗝Ё㒓Ⳍ䖲᥹ⱘ㡖⚍੠㒓ऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ
LESIZE˖ᣛᅮ᳾ߦߚ㔥Ḑⱘ㒓ⱘߦߚḐ᭄੠䯈䱨↨՟DŽ
LMESH˖⊓ⴔ㒓⫳៤㡖⚍੠㒓ऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ
LREFINE˖೼ᣛᅮ㒓ⱘ਼ೈˈࡴᆚ㔥ḐDŽ
MAT˖䆒㕂ऩ‫ܗ‬ᴤ᭭ሲᗻᣛ䩜DŽ
MCHECK˖Ẕᶹ㔥Ḑ䖲᥹DŽ
MODMSH˖᥻ࠊᅲԧ῵ൟ੠᳝䰤‫˄ܗ‬FE˅῵ൟП䯈ⱘ݇㋏DŽ
MOPT˖ᣛᅮऩ‫ܗ‬㔥Ḑߦߚ䗝乍DŽ
MSHAPE˖ᇍѢᬃᣕ໮⾡ᔶ⢊ⱘऩ‫ˈܗ‬ᣛᅮ㔥Ḑߦߚⱘऩ‫ܗ‬ᔶ⢊DŽ
MSHCOPY˖೼ヺড়㡖⚍ऩ‫ܗ‬῵ᓣⱘϸϾϡৠⱘ㒓㒘˄2-D˅៪㗙䴶㒘˄3-D˅Ёˈㅔ

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࣪㔥Ḑ⫳៤DŽ
MSHKEY˖ᣛᅮ೼ऩ‫ܗ‬㔥Ḑߦߚᯊˈᰃ৺Փ⫼㔥Ḑߦߚ៪㗙᯴ᇘ㔥ḐDŽ
MSHMID˖ᣛᅮऩ‫ⱘܗ‬Ё䯈㡖⚍DŽ
MSHPATTERN˖ᣛᅮ⫼Ѣ᯴ᇘϝ㾦ᔶ㔥Ḑⱘ῵ᓣDŽ
NREFINE˖೼ᣛᅮ㡖⚍ԡ㕂ࡴᆚ㔥ḐDŽ
PSMESH˖ᇚॳᴹ䖲㓁ⱘṕˈ໇ԧˈᑇ䴶ऩ‫៪ܗ‬㗙ᅲԧऩ‫ܗ‬㒘ߚࡆ៤ϸϾϡ䖲᥹ⱘऩ
‫ܗ‬㒘ˈ✊ৢ⫼乘ᑨ࡯ऩ‫ܗ‬PRETS179䖲᥹DŽ
REAL˖䆒㕂ऩ‫ܗ‬ᅲᐌ᭄ሲᗻᣛ䩜DŽ
RTHICK˖ᇍ໇ԧऩ‫ˈܗ‬ᅮН೼㡖⚍ԡ㕂ⱘ८ᑺDŽ
SHPP˖᥻ࠊऩ‫ܗ‬ᔶ⢊ẔᶹDŽ
SMRTSIZE˖㒭㞾ࡼ˄ᱎ㛑ⱘ˅ऩ‫ܗ‬ሎᇌˈᣛᅮ㔥Ḑߦߚখ᭄DŽ
TCHG˖ᇚ20-㡖⚍ⱘಯ䴶ԧऩ‫ܗ‬䗔࣪ЎᅗӀⱘ10-㡖⚍䴲䗔࣪ऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ
TIMP˖ᬍ୘≵᳝੠ԧⳌ䖲ⱘಯ䴶ԧऩ‫ⱘܗ‬䋼䞣DŽ
TYPE˖䆒㕂ऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟሲᗻᣛ䩜DŽ
VATT˖㒭䗝Ёⱘˈ᳾ߦߚ㔥Ḑⱘԧ䌟ऩ‫ܗ‬ሲᗻDŽ
VCLEAR˖ߴ䰸Ϣ䗝ЁⱘԧⳌ䖲ⱘ㡖⚍੠ԧऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ
VIMP˖ᬍ୘Ϣ㹿䗝ЁⱘԧⳌ䖲ⱘಯ䴶ԧऩ‫ⱘܗ‬䋼䞣DŽ
VMESH˖ᇍԧ⫳៤㡖⚍੠ԧऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ
VSWEEP˖ᇍ᳾ߦߚ㔥Ḑⱘԧˈ⫼ҢⳌ䚏䴶ᠿ䖛ԧᮍ⊩฿‫⫳ܙ‬៤㔥ḐDŽ
㸼36. 㡖⚍˄Node˅
䖭ѯPREP7ੑҸ⫼Ѣᓎゟˈׂᬍˈ߫ߎ㡖⚍ㄝ᪡԰DŽ
CENTER˖೼2Ͼ៪㗙3Ͼ㡖⚍ⱘ᳆⥛Ёᖗԡ㕂ˈᅮН㡖⚍DŽ
FILL˖೼ϸϾ㡖⚍П䯈ˈ฿‫⫳ܙ‬៤㡖⚍DŽ
MOVE˖䅵ㅫᑊ⿏ࡼ㡖⚍ࠄѸ⚍ԡ㕂DŽ
N˖ᅮН㡖⚍DŽ
NANG˖⫼ᮍ৥ԭᓺᮟ䕀㡖⚍ⱘതᷛ㋏DŽ
NDELE˖ߴ䰸㡖⚍DŽ
NDIST˖䅵ㅫᑊᰒ⼎ϸϾ㡖⚍П䯈ⱘ䎱⾏DŽ
NGEN˖⫼Ꮖ᳝ⱘ㡖⚍῵ᓣˈ⫳៤঺໪ϔѯ㡖⚍DŽ
NKPT˖೼݇䬂⚍ԡ㕂ˈᅮН㡖⚍DŽ
NLIST˖߫ߎ㡖⚍DŽ
NMODIF˖ׂᬍᏆ᳝ⱘ㡖⚍DŽ
NPLOT˖೒ᔶᰒ⼎㡖⚍DŽ
NREAD˖Ң᭛ӊЁ䇏ܹ㡖⚍DŽ
NROTAT ˖ᇚ㡖⚍ⱘതᷛ㋏ᮟ䕀ࠄ⌏ࡼതᷛ㋏DŽ
NRRANG˖ᣛᅮ㽕Ң㡖⚍᭛ӊЁ䇏ܹ㡖⚍ⱘ㓪ো㣗ೈDŽ
NSCALE˖ᣝ✻㡖⚍῵ᓣˈ⫳៤៤↨՟ⱘϔ㋏߫㡖⚍DŽ
NSMOOTH˖೼㹿䗝Ёⱘऩ‫ܗ‬Ё䯈ˈ‫ܝ‬⒥㡖⚍DŽ

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 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

NSYM˖⫳៤ϔ㒘ᇍ⿄ԡ㕂ⱘ㡖⚍DŽ
NWRITE˖ᇚ㡖⚍ֵᙃ‫ࠄܹݭ‬᭛ӊDŽ
QUAD˖Ң3Ͼ㡖⚍Ϟˈ⫳៤㡖⚍ⱘѠ⃵᳆㒓DŽ
SOURCE˖㒭᳾ᅮНⱘ㡖⚍៪㗙݇䬂⚍ˈᅮН咬䅸ԡ㕂DŽ
TRANSFER˖ᇚ㡖⚍ⱘ῵ᓣӴ䗦㒭঺ϔϾതᷛ㋏DŽ
㸼37. ऩ‫˄ܗ‬Element˅
䖭ѯPREP7ੑҸ⫼Ѣᓎゟˈׂᬍˈ߫ߎऩ‫ܗ‬ㄝ᪡԰DŽ
E˖䗮䖛㡖⚍䖲᥹ˈᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ
EDELE˖Ң῵ൟЁߴ䰸䗝Ёⱘऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ
EGEN˖ᣝᏆ᳝ⱘऩ‫ܗ‬῵ᓣˈ⫳៤ऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ
EINTF˖೼䞡ড়㡖⚍П䯈ˈᅮНϸ㡖⚍ऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ
ELIST˖߫ߎऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ
EMID˖๲ࡴ៪㗙⿏এЁ䯈㡖⚍DŽ
EMODIF˖ׂᬍࠡ䴶Ꮖ㒣ᅮНⱘऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ
EMORE˖㒭߮ᠡᅮНⱘऩ‫ܗ‬๲ࡴ᳈໮㡖⚍DŽ
EMTGEN˖⫳៤ϔ㒘TRANS126ऩ‫ܗ‬
EN˖⫼ऩ‫ܗ‬㓪ো੠㡖⚍䖲᥹ˈᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ
ENGEN˖ᣝᏆ᳝ऩ‫ܗ‬῵ᓣˈ⫳៤ऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ
ENORM˖䞡ᮄᅮԡ໇ऩ‫⊩ܗ‬㒓DŽ
ENSYM˖䗮䖛ᇍ⿄໡ࠊˈ⫳៤ऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ
EORIENT˖䞡ᮄᅮԡᅲԧऩ‫⊩ܗ‬㒓DŽ
EPLOT˖ᰒ⼎ऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ
EREAD˖ҢϔϾ᭛ӊЁ䇏ܹऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ
ERRANG˖ᣛᅮ㽕Ң᭛ӊ䇏ܹⱘऩ‫ⱘܗ‬㣗ೈDŽ
ESURF˖೼Ꮖ᳝ऩ‫ⱘܗ‬㞾⬅㸼䴶Ϟˈ⫳៤ऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ
ESYM˖ᣝ✻ϔϾ῵ᓣˈ⫼ᇍ⿄໡ࠊᮍ⊩ˈ⫳៤ऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ
ESYS˖䆒㕂ऩ‫ܗ‬തᷛ㋏ሲᗻᣛ䩜DŽ
EWRITE˖ᇚऩ‫ֵܗ‬ᙃֱᄬࠄ᭛ӊDŽ
GCGEN˖⫳៤2-D៪㗙3-D᥹㾺ऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ
LAYLIST˖ᇍሖড়ऩ‫ߎ߫ˈܗ‬ᅲᐌ᭄੠ᴤ᭭ሲᗻDŽ
LAYPLOT˖ᇍሖড়ऩ‫ˈܗ‬೒ᔶᰒ⼎঴ሖᏗ㕂⃵ᑣDŽ
MAT˖䆒㕂ऩ‫ܗ‬ᴤ᭭ሲᗻᣛ䩜DŽ
REAL˖䆒㕂ऩ‫ܗ‬ᅲᐌ᭄ሲᗻᣛ䩜DŽ
TSHAP˖㒭Ⳃᷛߚ⠛ऩ‫ˈܗ‬ᅮНㅔऩⱘ2-D੠3-D޴ԩ㸼䴶DŽ
TYPE˖䆒㕂ऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟሲᗻᣛ䩜DŽ
UPGEOM˖Ңࠡ䴶ߚᵤЁ๲ࡴԡ⿏ˈᑊᇚ޴ԩֵᙃ᳈ᮄࠄবᔶ䆒㕂ЁDŽ
㸼38. 䍙˄Super˅ऩ‫ܗ‬
䖭ѯPREP7ੑҸ⫼Ѣᓎゟ੠ׂᬍ䍙ऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ

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SE˖ᅮНϔϾ䍙ऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ
SEDLIST˖߫ߎ䍙ऩ‫ⱘܗ‬㞾⬅ᑺ㾷ㄨ
SELIST˖߫ߎ䍙ऩ‫ⶽܗ‬䰉᭛ӊⱘ‫ݙ‬ᆍDŽ
SESYMM˖ᇍϔϾ䍙ऩ‫ܗ‬ᠻ㸠ᇍ⿄᪡԰DŽ
SETRAN˖ᣝ✻Ꮖ᳝ⱘ䍙ऩ‫ܗ‬῵ᓣᓎゟϔϾ䍙ऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ
㸼39. ㅵ䘧˄Piping˅
䖭ѯPREP7ੑҸ⫼Ѣᓎゟㅵ䘧㋏㒳῵ൟDŽ
BELLOW˖ᅮНㅵ䘧ЁⱘbellowDŽ
BEND˖ᅮНㅵ䘧ЁⱘᔃㅵDŽ
BRANCH˖ᅮНㅵ䘧ߚᬃⱘᓔྟ⚍DŽ
FLANGE˖ᅮНㅵ䘧Ϟⱘ⊩݄DŽ
MITER˖ᅮНㅵ䘧Ϟⱘ᭰᥹ᔃㅵDŽ
PCORRO˖ᣛᅮㅵ䘧Ϟⱘ໪㜤㱔㺩䞣DŽ
PDRAG˖ᅮНㅵ䘧໪䚼ⱘ⌕ԧᢪ᳇㥋䕑DŽ
PFLUID˖ᅮНㅵ䘧Ёⱘ⌕ԧᆚᑺDŽ
PGAP˖ᅮНㅵ䘧Ϟⱘᔍㇻˉ䯈䱭㑺ᴳDŽ
PINSUL˖ᅮН໪㒱㓬ᐌ᭄DŽ
POPT˖䗝ᢽㅵ䘧ߚᵤᷛ‫ޚ‬DŽ
PPRES˖ᅮНㅵ䘧Ϟⱘ‫ݙ‬य़DŽ
PSPEC˖ᅮНㅵ䘧ᴤ᭭੠ሎᇌDŽ
PSPRNG˖ᅮНㅵ䘧Ϟⱘᔍㇻ㑺ᴳDŽ
PTEMP˖ᅮНㅵ䘧Ϟⱘㅵຕ⏽ᑺDŽ
PUNIT˖䗝ᢽㅵ䘧῵ൟЁⱘऩԡDŽ
REDUCE˖ᅮНㅵ䘧Ϟⱘ‫ޣ‬य़఼DŽ
RUN˖ᅮНㅵ㒓DŽ
TEE˖ᅮНㅵ䘧Ϟⱘϝ䗮᥹༈DŽ
VALVE˖ᅮНㅵ䘧Ϟⱘ䯔䮼DŽ

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㸼41. 㗺ড়˄Coupled˅㞾⬅ᑺ
䖭ѯPREP7ੑҸ⫼ѢᅮНˈׂᬍˈ߫ߎ㗺ড়㞾⬅ᑺㄝ᪡԰DŽ
CP˖ᅮН(៪㗙ׂᬍ˅ϔ㒘㗺ড়㞾⬅ᑺDŽ
CPDELE˖ߴ䰸㗺ড়㞾⬅ᑺDŽ
CPINTF˖೼೒ᔶ⬠䴶ϞˈᅮН㗺ড়㞾⬅ᑺDŽ
CPLGEN˖ҢᏆ᳝ⱘᶤϔϾ㗺ড়㞾⬅ᑺЁˈ⫳៤㗺ড়㡖⚍DŽ
CPLIST˖߫ߎ㗺ড়㞾⬅ᑺDŽ
CPNGEN˖ᅮНˈׂᬍˈ៪㗙⏏ࡴϔ㒘㗺ড়㞾⬅ᑺDŽ
CPSGEN˖ҢᏆ᳝ⱘ㗺ড়㞾⬅ᑺЁˈ⫳៤㗺ড়㡖⚍DŽ
㸼42. 㑺ᴳᮍ⿟
䖭ѯPREP7ੑҸ⫼ѢᅮНˈׂᬍˈ߫ߎ㑺ᴳᮍ⿟ㄝ᪡԰DŽ
CE˖ᅮНⳌ݇㞾⬅ᑺⱘ㑺ᴳᮍ⿟DŽ
CECYC˖㒭ᕾ⦃ᇍ⿄ߚᵤˈ⫳៤㑺ᴳᮍ⿟DŽ
CEDELE˖ߴ䰸㑺ᴳᮍ⿟DŽ
CEINTF˖೼೒ᔶ⬠䴶Ϟˈ⫳៤㑺ᴳᮍ⿟DŽ
CELIST˖߫ߎ㑺ᴳᮍ⿟DŽ
CERIG˖ᅮНϔϾ߮ᗻऎඳDŽ
CESGEN˖ҢᏆ᳝㒘ˈ⫳៤ϔ㒘㑺ᴳᮍ⿟DŽ
RBE3˖ᇚЏ㡖⚍Ϟⱘ࡯੠࡯ⶽߚ䜡ࠄҢሲ㡖⚍ˈ㗗㰥Ңሲ㡖⚍ⱘ޴ԩԡ㕂੠ᴗ䞡DŽ
㸼43. ऩ‫ܗ‬ᥦᑣ˄Reordering˅
䖭ѯPREP7ੑҸ⫼Ѣᥦᑣ῵ൟⱘ⊶ࠡᆑᑺDŽ
NOORDER˖䞡ᮄᓎゟॳ᳝ऩ‫ⱘܗ‬ᥦᑣDŽ
WAVES˖߱ྟ࣪ᥦᑣDŽ
WERASE˖⏙䰸᠔᳝ᥦᑣ߫㸼DŽ
WFRONT˖Ԅ䅵⊶ࠡ㒳䅵ؐDŽ
WMID˖㒭WAVESੑҸˈᣛᅮᥦᑣ䗝乍DŽ
WMORE˖㒭ᓔྟⱘ⊶ࠡ߫㸼ˈ๲ࡴ᳈໮㡖⚍DŽ
WSORT˖ᣝ✻䲚ড়ᥦᑣ㒧ᵰˈ߱ྟ࣪ऩ‫ܗ‬ᥦᑣDŽ
WSTART˖ᅮН䍋ྟⱘ⊶ࠡ߫㸼DŽ
㸼52. ⡍⅞ࡳ㛑
䖭ѯPREP7ੑҸ⫼Ѣ⡍⅞ࡳ㛑ⱘ᪡԰DŽ
/CYCEXPAND˖䗮䖛ᇚ೒ᔶ䚼ߚሩᓔ៪㗙360ᑺሩᓔˈ偠䆕ᕾ⦃ᇍ⿄῵ൟDŽ
CYCLIC˖ᣛᅮᕾ⦃ᇍ⿄ߚᵤDŽ
CYCOPT˖ᇍᕾ⦃ᇍ⿄ߚᵤᣛᅮ∖㾷䗝乍DŽ
EMSYM˖ᇍ⬉⺕⑤ᣛᅮ೚ᔶᇍ⿄⬉⺕⑤DŽ
PERBC2D˖ᇍѢ2-Dᑇ䴶⺕എߚᵤˈ⫳៤਼ᳳᗻ㑺ᴳDŽ
PHYSICS˖‫ˈߎݭ‬䇏ܹˈ៪㗙߫ߎ᠔᳝ऩ‫ֵܗ‬ᙃDŽ
㸼53. ⢊ᗕ
䖭ѯPREP7ੑҸ⫼Ѣ੠STAT ੑҸ㒘ড়Փ⫼DŽ

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AREAS˖ᣛᅮ” Areas”˄䴶˅԰Ў䱣ৢⱘ⢊ᗕЏԧDŽ
BOOL˖ᣛᅮ” Booleans”˄Ꮧᇨ᪡԰˅԰Ў䱣ৢⱘ⢊ᗕЏԧDŽ
CEQN˖ᣛᅮ”Constraint Equation”˄ 㑺ᴳᮍ⿟˅԰Ў䱣ৢⱘ⢊ᗕЏԧDŽ
COUPLE˖ᣛᅮ”Node coupling”˄㗺ড়㡖⚍˅԰Ў䱣ৢⱘ⢊ᗕЏԧDŽ
DIGIT˖ᣛᅮ”Node digitizing”˄㡖⚍᭄ᄫ࣪˅԰Ў䱣ৢⱘ⢊ᗕЏԧDŽ
ELEM˖ᣛᅮ”Element”˄ऩ‫˅ܗ‬԰Ў䱣ৢⱘ⢊ᗕЏԧDŽ
ETYPE˖ᣛᅮ”Element types”˄ऩ‫㉏ܗ‬ൟ˅԰Ў䱣ৢⱘ⢊ᗕЏԧDŽ
FATIGUE˖ᣛᅮ”Fatigue data status”˄⮆ࢇ᭄᥂⢊ᗕ˅԰Ў䱣ৢⱘ⢊ᗕЏԧDŽ
FEBODY˖ᣛᅮ” Body loads on Element”˄ऩ‫ܗ‬Ϟⱘԧ㥋䕑˅԰Ў䱣ৢⱘ⢊ᗕЏԧDŽ
FECONS˖ᣛᅮ”constraints on nodes”˄㡖⚍Ϟⱘ㑺ᴳ˅԰Ў䱣ৢⱘ⢊ᗕЏԧDŽ
FEFOR˖ᣛᅮ”Forces on nodes”˄㡖⚍࡯˅԰Ў䱣ৢⱘ⢊ᗕЏԧDŽ
FESURF˖ᣛᅮ”Surface forces on element”˄ऩ‫ܗ‬Ϟⱘ㸼䴶࡯˅԰Ў䱣ৢⱘ⢊ᗕЏԧDŽ
FLOTRAN˖ᣛᅮ”FLOTRAN data settings”˄FLOTRAN᭄᥂䆒㕂˅԰Ў䱣ৢⱘ⢊ᗕ
ЏԧDŽ
GEOMETRY˖ᣛᅮ”Geometry”˄޴ԩ˅԰Ў䱣ৢⱘ⢊ᗕЏԧDŽ
KEYPTS˖ᣛᅮ” Keypoints”˄݇䬂⚍˅԰Ў䱣ৢⱘ⢊ᗕЏԧDŽ
LINE˖ᣛᅮ”Lines”˄㒓˅԰Ў䱣ৢⱘ⢊ᗕЏԧDŽ
MATER˖ᣛᅮ”Material property”˄ᴤ᭭ሲᗻ˅԰Ў䱣ৢⱘ⢊ᗕЏԧDŽ
MESHING˖ᣛᅮ” Meshing”˄㔥Ḑߦߚ˅԰Ў䱣ৢⱘ⢊ᗕЏԧDŽ
NODES˖ᣛᅮ”Nodes”˄㡖⚍˅԰Ў䱣ৢⱘ⢊ᗕЏԧDŽ
PIPE˖ᣛᅮ”Pipe modeling”˄ㅵ䘧῵ൟ˅԰Ў䱣ৢⱘ⢊ᗕЏԧDŽ
PMETH˖ᣛᅮ”p-Method”˄㞾䗖ᑨᮍ⊩˅԰Ў䱣ৢⱘ⢊ᗕЏԧDŽ
PRIM˖ᣛᅮ”Solid model primitives”˄ᅲԧ῵ൟԧ㋴˅԰Ў䱣ৢⱘ⢊ᗕЏԧDŽ
RCON˖ᣛᅮ”Real constant”˄ᅲᐌ᭄˅԰Ў䱣ৢⱘ⢊ᗕЏԧDŽ
REORDER˖ᣛᅮ”Model reordering”˄῵ൟᥦᑣ˅԰Ў䱣ৢⱘ⢊ᗕЏԧDŽ
SELM˖ᣛᅮ”Hyper Element”˄䍙ऩ‫˅ܗ‬԰Ў䱣ৢⱘ⢊ᗕЏԧDŽ
TBLE˖ᣛᅮ”Data table property”˄᭄᥂㸼ሲᗻ˅԰Ў䱣ৢⱘ⢊ᗕЏԧDŽ
VOLUMES˖ᣛᅮ” Volumes”˄ԧ˅԰Ў䱣ৢⱘ⢊ᗕЏԧDŽ
㸼54. ᰒᓣ˄Explicit˅ࡼᗕߚᵤ
䖭ѯPREP7ੑҸ⫼ѢᰒᓣࡼᗕߚᵤDŽ
EDASMP˖ᓎゟᰒᓣࡼᗕߚᵤ῵ൟⱘ㒘ড়ԧDŽ
EDBOUND˖㒭⒥ࡼ៪㗙ᕾ⦃ᇍ⿄䯂乬ˈᅮН䖍⬠ᑇ䴶DŽ
EDBX˖ᓎゟ᥹㾺ᅮНЁⱘഫԧDŽ
EDCGEN˖㒭ᰒᓣࡼᗕߚᵤˈᣛᅮ᥹㾺খ᭄DŽ
EDCLIST˖߫ߎᰒᓣࡼᗕߚᵤЁⱘ᠔᳝᥹㾺䴶䇈ᯢDŽ
EDCMORE˖೼ᰒᓣࡼᗕߚᵤЁˈᇍ㒭ᅮⱘ᥹㾺ᅮНˈᣛᅮ䰘ࡴⱘ᥹㾺খ᭄DŽ
EDCNSTR˖㒭ᰒᓣࡼᗕߚᵤˈᅮН৘⾡㑺ᴳ㉏ൟDŽ
EDCONTACT˖㒭ᰒᓣࡼᗕߚᵤˈᣛᅮ᥹㾺㸼䴶᥻ࠊDŽ
EDCRB˖೼ᰒᓣࡼᗕߚᵤЁˈᇚϸϾ߮ԧ㑺ᴳЎϔϾԧDŽ

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EDCURVE˖㒭ᰒᓣࡼᗕߚᵤˈᣛᅮ᭄᥂᳆㒓DŽ
EDDBL˖䆒㕂ϔϾ៪㗙໮Ͼ䍋԰⫼ⱘLS-DYNA⠜ᴀোDŽ
EDDC˖೼ᰒᓣࡼᗕߚᵤЁˈߴ䰸៪㗙㾷䰸ˋᘶ໡᥹㾺ᇍ䈵䇈ᯢDŽ
EDIPART˖೼ᰒᓣࡼᗕߚᵤЁˈᅮН߮ԧⱘ䕀ࡼᛃ䞣DŽ
EDLCS˖㒭ࡼᗕߚᵤ䯂乬ᅮНሔ䚼തᷛ㋏DŽ
EDMP˖㒭ᰒᓣࡼᗕߚᵤᅮНᴤ᭭ሲᗻDŽ
EDNB˖㒭ᰒᓣࡼᗕߚᵤˈᅮНϔϾ䴲ডᔍⱘ䖍⬠DŽ
EDNDTSD˖㒭ᰒᓣࡼᗕߚᵤˈ‫ܕ‬䆌‫ܝ‬⒥ాໄ᭄᥂੠ᦤկ᭄᥂೒ᔶDŽ
EDNROT˖೼ᰒᓣࡼᗕߚᵤЁˈਃ⫼ᮟ䕀ৢⱘതᷛ㡖⚍㑺ᴳDŽ
EDPART˖㒭ᰒᓣࡼᗕߚᵤ䜡㕂䳊ӊDŽ
EDPC˖䗝ᢽ੠ᰒ⼎ᰒᓣࡼᗕ᥹㾺䴶DŽ
EDSP˖೼ᰒᓣࡼᗕߚᵤЁˈ㒭᥹㾺䴶ᣛᅮᇣⱘこ䗣ẔᶹDŽ
㸼55. CAD῵ൟׂ໡
䖭ѯPREP7ੑҸ⫼ѢIGES੠ᅲԧ῵ൟ䕧ܹDŽ
ALPFILL˖೼Ꮖ᳝ⱘ2-D䴶Ёᕾ⦃฿‫⫼˄ܙ‬ѢҢCAD᭛ӊЁ䕧ܹⱘ῵ൟ˅DŽ
ARCOLLAPSE˖ᇚᣛᅮ䴶䗔࣪ࠄᣛᅮⱘ㒓↉˄⫼ѢҢCAD᭛ӊЁ䕧ܹⱘ῵ൟ˅DŽ
ARDETACH˖Ң䚏䖥ⱘ޴ԩԧЁߚ⾏䴶˄⫼ѢҢCAD᭛ӊЁ䕧ܹⱘ῵ൟ˅DŽ
ARFILL˖෎Ѣϔ㒘䖲᥹ⱘ㒓ᓎゟϔϾ䴶˄⫼ѢҢCAD᭛ӊЁ䕧ܹⱘ῵ൟ˅DŽ
ARMERGE˖ড়ᑊϸϾ៪㗙໮Ͼ䖲᥹ⱘ䴶˄⫼ѢҢCAD᭛ӊЁ䕧ܹⱘ῵ൟ˅DŽ
ARSPLIT˖೼ϸϾ݇䬂⚍П䯈ߚ⾏ϔϾ䴶˄⫼ѢҢCAD᭛ӊЁ䕧ܹⱘ῵ൟ˅DŽ
GAPFINISH˖䗔ߎCAD䕧ܹ῵ൟⱘᢧᠥׂᬍ䖛⿟DŽ
GAPLIST˖߫ߎ῵ൟЁ᠔᳝ⱘ䖲᥹ⱘ៪㗙ϡ䖲᥹ⱘ㒓˄⫼ѢҢCAD᭛ӊЁ䕧ܹⱘ
῵ൟ˅DŽ
GAPMERGE˖ড়ᑊⳌ䚏ⱘϡ䖲᥹ⱘ㒓˄⫼ѢҢCAD᭛ӊЁ䕧ܹⱘ῵ൟ˅DŽ
GAPOPT˖㒭CAD䕧ׂܹᬍੑҸˈ䆒㕂খ᭄䗝乍DŽ
GAPPLOT˖㒬೒᠔᳝ⱘ䖲᥹ⱘ៪㗙ϡ䖲᥹ⱘ㒓˄⫼ѢҢCAD᭛ӊЁ䕧ܹⱘ῵ൟ˅DŽ
LNCOLLAPSE˖ᇚ㒓↉䗔࣪ࠄ݇䬂⚍˄⫼ѢҢCAD᭛ӊЁ䕧ܹⱘ῵ൟ˅DŽ
LNDETACH˖Ң䚏䖥ⱘ޴ԩԧϞߚ⾏ߎ㒓˄⫼ѢҢCAD᭛ӊЁ䕧ܹⱘ῵ൟ˅DŽ
LNFILL˖೼ϸϾ݇䬂⚍П䯈ˈᓎゟϔᴵⳈ㒓˄⫼ѢҢCAD᭛ӊЁ䕧ܹⱘ῵ൟ˅DŽ
LNMERGE˖ড়ᑊϸᴵ៪㗙໮ᴵⳌ䖲᥹ⱘ㒓↉˄⫼ѢҢCAD᭛ӊЁ䕧ܹⱘ῵ൟ˅DŽ
LNSPLIT˖ᇚϔᴵ㒓↉ߚ⾏៤ϸᴵ㒓↉˄⫼ѢҢCAD᭛ӊЁ䕧ܹⱘ῵ൟ˅DŽ
SARPLOT˖೒ᔶᰒ⼎ᇣѢᣛᅮሎᇌⱘ䴶˄⫼ѢҢCAD᭛ӊЁ䕧ܹⱘ῵ൟ˅DŽ
SLPPLOT˖ᰒ⼎ᇣѢᣛᅮሎᇌⱘ㒓↉˄⫼ѢҢCAD᭛ӊЁ䕧ܹⱘ῵ൟ˅DŽ
SLSPLOT˖ᰒ⼎ᇣѢᣛᅮሎᇌⱘ㒓↉˄⫼ѢҢCAD᭛ӊЁ䕧ܹⱘ῵ൟ˅DŽ
VCVFILL˖฿‫ܙ‬ԧЁⱘぎ⋲˄⫼ѢҢCAD᭛ӊЁ䕧ܹⱘ῵ൟ˅DŽ
㸼56. ῾៾䴶
䖭ѯPREP7ੑҸㅵ⧚῾៾䴶DŽ
PRSSOL˖ᠧॄBEAM188੠BEAM189៾䴶㒧ᵰDŽ
SDELETE˖ҢANSYS᭄᥂ᑧЁˈߴ䰸῾៾䴶ᅮНDŽ

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SECDATA˖ᦣ䗄ṕ៾䴶ⱘ޴ԩᔶ⢊DŽ
/SECLIB˖㒭SECREADੑҸˈ䆒㕂咬䅸ⱘ៾䴶ᑧ䏃ᕘDŽ
SECNUM˖䆒㕂ऩ‫៾ܗ‬䴶ሲᗻᣛ䩜DŽ
SECOFFSET˖ᅮНṕ῾៾䴶ⱘ៾䴶‫⿏أ‬䞣DŽ
SECPLOT˖㒬ࠊṕ៾䴶ⱘ޴ԩᔶ⢊DŽ
SECREAD˖䇏ܹϔϾ⫼᠋㞾ᅮНⱘṕ៾䴶ᑧ៪㗙⫼᠋㞾ᅮНṕ៾䴶㔥ḐDŽ
SECTYPE˖ᇚ៾䴶㉏ൟֵᙃϢ៾䴶ID㓪ো㘨㋏䍋ᴹDŽ
SECWRITE˖ᓎゟϔϾࣙ৿⫼᠋㔥Ḑ៾䴶ֵᙃⱘASCII᭛ӊDŽ
SLIST˖∛ᘏᔧࠡ᠔᳝Ꮖ㒣ᅮНⱘ៾䴶ⱘ៾䴶ሲᗻֵᙃDŽ
㸼57. Morphing
䖭ѯPREP7ੑҸ⫼Ѣ䇗ᭈ䴲㒧ᵘऎඳⱘ᳝䰤ऩ‫ܗ‬㔥Ḑˈҹ੠㒧ᵘऎඳⱘবᔶⳌϔ㟈DŽ
DAMORPH˖೼䗝Ёⱘ䴶Ϟ⿏ࡼ㡖⚍ˈҹֱᣕ੠㒧ᵘԡ⿏ⱘϔ㟈ᗻDŽ
DEMORPH˖೼䗝Ёⱘऩ‫ܗ‬Ϟ⿏ࡼ㡖⚍ˈҹֱᣕ੠㒧ᵘԡ⿏ⱘϔ㟈ᗻDŽ
DVMORPH˖೼䗝ЁⱘԧϞ⿏ࡼ㡖⚍ˈҹֱᣕ੠㒧ᵘԡ⿏ⱘϔ㟈ᗻDŽ
㸼58. Trefftzඳ
䖭ѯPREP7ੑҸ⫼Ѣ೼Trefftzᮍ⊩Ёᓎ῵ᓔᬒऎඳDŽ
TZAMESH˖ᇍϔϾԧⱘ䴶䖯㸠㔥ḐߦߚˈҹᓎゟTrefftz㡖⚍DŽ
TZDELE˖ߴ䰸Trefftz 䍙ऩ‫ˈܗ‬ᇚ㑺ᴳᮍ⿟੠᠔᳝ᬃᣕⱘTrefftz᭛ӊ㘨㋏䍋ᴹDŽ
TZEGEN˖⫳៤ϔϾTrefftzඳⱘᄤ㒧ᵘᑊᅮНϔϾTrefftz䍙ऩ‫⫼ˈܗ‬Ѣ䴭⬉ߚᵤDŽ

6. ∖㾷˄SOLUTION˅ੑҸ
䖭ѯੑҸ⫼Ѣ㥋䕑੠∖㾷῵ൟDŽ
㸼61. ߚᵤ䗝乍
䖭ѯ∖㾷˄SOLUTION˅ੑҸ⫼Ѣ䆒㕂ϔ㠀ߚᵤ䗝乍DŽ
ADAMS˖ᠻ㸠∖㾷ᑊᇚবᔶԧֵᙃֱᄬࠄ῵ᗕ᭛ӊDŽ
ADAPT˖㞾䗖ᑨ㔥Ḑ੠∖㾷ϔϾ῵ൟDŽ
ANTYPE˖ᣛᅮߚᵤ㉏ൟ੠ਃࡼ⢊ᗕDŽ
BCS䗝乍˖㒭䆒⿔⭣ⶽ䰉∖㾷఼䆒㕂‫ݙ‬ᄬ䗝乍DŽ
CHECK˖Ẕᶹᔧ᭄ࠡ᥂ᑧ乍ⳂⱘᅠᭈᗻDŽ
CMATRIX˖ᠻ㸠䴭⬉എ∖㾷ˈᑊ䅵ㅫ໮Ͼᇐԧ㞾Ꮕ੠ⳌѦⱘ⬉ᆍDŽ
CNCHECK˖߫ߎ᥹㾺ᇍⱘ߱ྟ⢊ᗕDŽ
CUTCONTROL˖೼䴲㒓ᗻ∖㾷ᯊˈ᥻ࠊᯊ䯈Ꮧ䭓DŽ
CYCOPT˖㒭ᕾ⦃ᇍ⿄ߚᵤˈᣛᅮण䇗㋶ᓩ∖㾷DŽ
EMATWRITE˖ᔎࠊᇚऩ‫ⶽܗ‬䰉‫ࠄܹݭ‬᭛ӊDŽ
EQSLV˖ᣛᅮᮍ⿟∖㾷఼㉏ൟDŽ
ERESX˖ᣛᅮ⿃ߚ⚍㒧ᵰⱘᦦؐDŽ
ESCHECK˖ᇍ䗝Ёⱘऩ‫ܗ‬㒘ᠻ㸠ऩ‫ܗ‬ᔶ⢊ẔᶹDŽ
ESSOLV˖ᠻ㸠䴭⬉ˉ㒧ᵘ㗺ড়ߚᵤDŽ
EXPASS˖ᣛᅮߚᵤⱘሩᓔ乍DŽ

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FSRS˖㒭⌕ԧˉ㒧ᵘ㗺ড়ߚᵤˈᣛᅮᯊ䯈៪㗙㥋䕑ℹ⃵᭄DŽ
FSSOLV˖ᠻ㸠〇ᗕⱘ⌕ԧˉ㒧ᵘ㗺ড়ߚᵤDŽ
HFEIGOPT˖ᣛᅮ催乥⬉⺕῵ᗕߚᵤ䗝乍DŽ
HFSCAT ˖ᣛᅮ催乥ᬷᇘߚᵤDŽ
HFPCSWP˖䅵ㅫ೼ᶤϾ乥⥛㣗ೈ‫ⱘݙ‬Ӵ䕧㒓៪㗙⊶ᇐⱘӴ᪁ᐌ᭄DŽ
HFSWEEP˖೼催乥⬉⺕⊶ߚᵤЁˈᠻ㸠䇤⊶ડᑨߚᵤDŽ
LMATRIX˖䅵ㅫ᳝N೜㋏㒳ⱘᖂߚᛳᑨ㋏᭄ⶽ䰉੠ᶤϔ೜㒓೜ⱘᘏ䗮䞣DŽ
LUMPM˖ᣛᅮ䲚Ё䋼䞣ⶽ䰉ⱘ䅵ㅫ݀ᓣDŽ
MONITOR˖೼䴲㒓ᗻ∖㾷ⲥ᥻᭛ӊЁˈ᥻ࠊ3Ͼব䞣ऎඳⱘ‫ݙ‬ᆍDŽ
MSAVE˖㒭PCG∖㾷఼䆒㕂㡖㑺‫ݙ‬ᄬࡳ㛑DŽ
OPNCONTROL˖㒭㞾ࡼᯊ䯈ℹ䭓䯈䱨ˈ䆒㕂‫އ‬ㄪখ᭄DŽ
PRECISION˖㒭∖㾷఼˄ⳂࠡাᇍPCG∖㾷఼᳝ᬜ˅ˈᣛᅮᴎ఼㊒ᑺDŽ
PSOLVE˖ᠻ㸠䚼ߚ∖㾷ⱘᣛ᣹⿟ᑣDŽ
RATE˖ᣛᅮᰃ৺೼㥋䕑ℹ∖㾷ЁՓ⫼㷩ব⥛ᬜᵰDŽ
SEEXP˖㒭ᄤ㒧ᵘሩᓔpassˈᣛᅮ䗝乍DŽ
SEOPT˖ᣛᅮᄤ㒧ᵘߚᵤ䗝乍DŽ
SOLCONTROL˖ᣛᅮᰃ৺Փ⫼Ӭ࣪ⱘ䴲㒓ᗻ∖㾷咬䅸ؐ੠ᶤѯ๲ᔎⱘ‫ݙ‬䚼∖㾷ㅫ⊩DŽ
/SOLU˖䖯ܹ∖㾷໘⧚῵ഫDŽ
SOLVE˖ᓔྟ∖㾷DŽ
SPSWP˖೼乥⥛㣗ೈ䅵ㅫS-parametersᑊᇚֱ݊ᄬࠄ᭛ӊDŽ
TOFFST˖ᣛᅮҢ㒱ᇍ䳊ᑺⱘ⏽ᑺ‫⿏أ‬䞣DŽ
㸼62. 㞾䗖ᑨᮍ⊩˄p-Method˅䗝乍
䖭ѯ∖㾷˄SOLUTION˅ੑҸ⫼ѢᅮН㞾䗖ᑨߚᵤᮍ⊩ⱘ䗝乍DŽ
PCONV˖䆒㕂㞾䗖ᑨ∖㾷ⱘᬊᬯؐDŽ
PEXCLUDE˖೼p-levelᠽᆍᯊˈᣛᅮ㽕ᥦ䰸ⱘऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ
PINCLUDE˖೼p-levelᠽᆍᯊˈᣛᅮ㽕ࣙᣀⱘऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ
/PMETH˖೼GUI⬠䴶ˈ▔⌏㞾䗖ᑨᮍ⊩∖㾷䗝乍DŽ
PMOPTS˖㒭㞾䗖ᑨ∖㾷ᮍ⊩ᅮНⱒߚᆍᏂDŽ
PPRANGE˖㒭㞾䗖ᑨ∖㾷ᮍ⊩ˈᣛᅮp-levelؐⱘ㣗ೈDŽ
㸼63. 䴲㒓ᗻ䗝乍
䖭ѯ∖㾷˄SOLUTION˅ੑҸ⫼ѢᅮНᇍ䴲㒓ᗻߚᵤⱘ䗝乍DŽ
ARCLEN˖▔⌏ᓻ䭓ᮍ⊩DŽ
ARCTRM˖᥻ࠊᓻ䭓∖㾷ᰃ৺㒜ℶDŽ
BUCOPT˖ᣛᅮሜ᳆ߚᵤ䗝乍DŽ
CNVTOL˖䆒㕂䴲㒓ᗻߚᵤⱘᬊᬯؐDŽ
CRPLIM˖㒭㞾ࡼᯊ䯈ℹ䭓ᣛᅮ㷩ব‫߭ޚ‬DŽ
/GST˖ᠧᓔ៪㗙݇೒ᔶ∖㾷䎳䏾GST˄Graphical Solution Tracking˅DŽ
LNSRCH˖▔⌏⫼Ѣ⠯乓ᢝ᱂Ể˄Newton-Raphson˅∖㾷ᮍ⊩ⱘ᧰㋶㒓DŽ
MXPAND˖ᣛᅮ῵ᗕ៪㗙ሜ᳆ߚᵤЁ㽕ሩᓔⱘ῵ᗕϾ᭄DŽ

597
 䰘ᔩ

NCNV˖䆒㕂‫ذ‬ℶߚᵤⱘ⛁䬂DŽ
NEQIT˖೼䴲㒓ᗻߚᵤЁˈᣛᅮ᳔໻ᑇ㸵ᕾ⦃঴ҷ⃵᭄DŽ
NLGEOM˖೼䴭ᗕ៪㗙ܼⶀᗕߚᵤЁˈࣙᣀ໻বᔶᬜᵰDŽ
NROPT˖೼䴭ᗕ៪㗙ܼⶀᗕߚᵤЁˈᣛᅮ⠯乓ˉᢝ᱂Ể˄Newton-Raphson˅䗝乍DŽ
NRRES˖ᇍᣛᅮᑇ㸵ᕾ⦃⃵᭄ˈᇚ⠯乓ˉᢝ᱂Ểⱘ⅟ԭֵᙃֱᄬࠄ᭛ӊDŽ
PRED˖▔⌏䴲㒓ᗻߚᵤⱘ乘᡹఼DŽ
PSTRES˖ᣛᅮᰃ৺㗗㰥乘ᑨ࡯ᬜᵰDŽ
SSTIF˖೼䴲㒓ᗻߚᵤЁˈ▔⌏ᑨ࡯ᔎᑺᬜᵰDŽ
SUBOPT˖ᣛᅮᄤぎ䯈ᕾ⦃⡍ᕕؐᦤপⱘ䗝乍DŽ
㸼64. ࡼᗕ䗝乍
䖭ѯ∖㾷˄SOLUTION˅ੑҸ⫼ѢᅮНࡼᗕߚᵤⱘ䗝乍DŽ
ALPHAD˖ᅮН⫼Ѣ䰏ሐⱘ䋼䞣ⶽ䰉ЬᄤDŽ
BETAD˖ᅮН⫼Ѣ䰏ሐⱘ߮ᑺⶽ䰉ЬᄤDŽ
DMPRAT ˖䆒㕂ᐌ᭄䰏ሐ↨DŽ
HARFRQ˖ᅮН䇤Ⳍᑨߚᵤⱘ乥⥛㣗ೈDŽ
HREXP˖ᣛᅮ䇤⊶ߚᵤሩᓔpassⱘⳌԡ㾦DŽ
HROPT˖ᣛᅮ䇤⊶ߚᵤ䗝乍DŽ
HROUT ˖ᣛᅮ䇤⊶ߚᵤ䕧ߎ䗝乍DŽ
LVSCALE˖㓽ᬒᤃൟ঴ࡴߚᵤⱘ㥋䕑ⶶ䞣DŽ
MDAMP˖ᅮН䰏ሐ↨Ў῵ᗕⱘߑ᭄DŽ
MODOPT˖ᣛᅮ῵ᗕߚᵤ䗝乍DŽ
MXPAND˖ᣛᅮ῵ᗕ៪㗙ሜ᳆ߚᵤЁ㽕ሩᓔⱘ῵ᗕϾ᭄DŽ
RIGID˖ᣛᅮ῵ൟЁⱘᏆⶹⱘ߮ԧ῵ൟ˄བᵰ᳝ⱘ䆱˅DŽ
SUBOPT˖ᣛᅮᄤぎ䯈ᕾ⦃⡍ᕕؐᦤপⱘ䗝乍DŽ
TIMINT˖ᠧᓔⶀᗕᬜᵰᓔ݇DŽ
TINTP˖ᅮНⶀᗕ⿃ߚখ᭄DŽ
TRNOPT˖ᣛᅮⶀᗕߚᵤ䗝乍DŽ
㸼65. 䈅˄Spectrum˅ߚᵤ䗝乍
䖭ѯ∖㾷˄SOLUTION˅ੑҸ⫼ѢᅮН䈅ߚᵤⱘ䗝乍DŽ
ADDAM˖㒭㠍ԧ㒧ᵘⱘ▔⊶䰏࡯ߚᵤˈᣛᅮࡴ䗳ᑺ䈅ⱘ䅵ㅫᐌ᭄DŽ
COVAL˖ᅮНPSDԭ䈅ؐDŽ
CQC˖ᣛᅮᅠܼѠ⃵῵ᗕ㒘ড়ᮍ⊩DŽ
DSUM˖ᣛᅮϸ⃵∖੠ⱘ῵ᗕ㒘ড়ᮍ⊩DŽ
FREQ˖㒭SV – FREQ㸼ˈᅮН乥⥛⚍DŽ
GRP˖ᣛᅮ៤㒘῵ᗕ㒘ড়ᮍ⊩DŽ
NRLSUM˖ᣛᅮ⍋‫ⷨݯ‬おᅲ偠ᅸ(NRL˅∖੠ⱘ῵ᗕ㒘ড়ᮍ⊩DŽ
PFACT䅵ㅫPSD៪㗙໮⚍ডᑨ䈅㸼ⱘখϢ㋏᭄DŽ
PSDCOM˖ᣛᅮࡳ⥛䈅ᆚᑺ ῵ᗕ㒘ড়ᮍ⊩DŽ
PSDFRQ˖㒭PSDⱘ䕧ܹ䈅ˉ乥⥛㸼੠໮⚍䈅ߚᵤˈᅮН乥⥛⚍DŽ

598
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

PSDGRAPH˖೒ᔶᰒ⼎䕧ܹPSD᳆㒓DŽ
PSDRES˖೼PSDߚᵤЁˈ᥻ࠊ‫ࠄܹݭ‬㒧ᵰ᭛ӊⱘ∖㾷䕧ߎDŽ
PSDSPL˖೼PSDߚᵤЁˈᅮН䚼ߚⳌ݇▔ࢅDŽ
PSDUNIT˖ᅮНPSD㉏ൟ៪㗙໮⚍ডᑨ䈅DŽ
PSDVAL˖ᅮНPSD៪㗙໮⚍ডᑨ䈅DŽ
PSDWAV˖೼PSDߚᵤЁˈᅮНϔϾ⊶ࡼ▔ࢅDŽ
QDVAL˖ᅮНPSDಯᮍ䈅ؐDŽ
ROCK˖ᣛᅮᨚࡼডᑨ䈅DŽ
SED˖㒭ऩ⚍ডᑨ䈅ᅮН▔ࢅᮍ৥DŽ
SPOPT˖䗝ᢽ䈅㉏ൟ੠݊Ҫ䈅䗝乍DŽ
SRSS˖ᣛᅮᑇᮍ੠ⱘᑇᮍḍⱘ῵ᗕ㒘ড়ᮍ⊩DŽ
SV˖ᅮНϢ乥⥛⚍Ⳍ݇ⱘ䈅ؐDŽ
SVTYP˖ᅮНऩ⚍ডᑨ䈅ⱘ㉏ൟDŽ
VDDAM˖㒭㠍ԧ㒧ᵘⱘ▔⊶䰏࡯ߚᵤˈᣛᅮ䗳ᑺ䈅䅵ㅫᐌ᭄DŽ
㸼66. 㥋䕑ℹ˄Load Step˅䗝乍
䖭ѯ∖㾷˄SOLUTION˅ੑҸ⫼Ѣᇍऩ⣀ⱘ㥋䕑ℹᅮН䗝乍DŽ
AUTOTS˖ᣛᅮᰃ৺䗖⫼㞾ࡼᯊ䯈ℹ䭓៪㗙㥋䕑ℹDŽ
CECMOD˖ׂᬍ∖㾷䖛⿟Ёⱘ㑺ᴳᮍ⿟ⱘᐌ᭄乍㾷DŽ
DELTIM˖ᣛᅮ⫼Ѣᔧࠡ㥋䕑ℹⱘᯊ䯈ℹ䭓໻ᇣDŽ
EXPSOL˖ᣛᅮ⫼Ѣ䰡㓈ߚᵤⱘሩᓔ乍ⱘ㾷DŽ
HMAGSOLV˖ᣛᅮ2-D៪㗙䕈ᇍ⿄䇤⊶⺕എ∖㾷䗝乍ˈᑊᓔྟ∖㾷DŽ
KBC˖ᣛᅮ೼ϔϾ㥋䕑ℹЁՓ⫼䗤ℹࡴ䕑៪㗙䱣ᴎࡴ䕑DŽ
KUSE˖ᣛᅮᰃ৺䞡⫼ϝ㾦ᔶⶽ䰉DŽ
MAGOPT˖㒭3-D 䴭⺕എߚᵤᣛᅮ䗝乍DŽ
MAGSOLV˖ᣛᅮ⺕എ∖㾷䗝乍ˈᑊᓔྟ∖㾷DŽ
MODE˖㒭ᔧࠡ㥋䕑ℹᣛᅮ䇤⊶㥋䕑乍DŽ
NSUBST˖㒭ᔧࠡ㥋䕑ℹᣛᅮ㥋䕑ᄤℹ᭄DŽ
NUMEXP˖ᣛᅮ⫼Ѣ䰡㓈ߚᵤⱘሩᓔ乍ⱘ㾷DŽ
TIME˖㒭㥋䕑ℹ䆒㕂ᯊ䯈DŽ
TREF˖㒭⛁ᑨব䅵ㅫᅮНখ㗗⏽ᑺDŽ
TSRES˖ᅮНᬍবᯊ䯈Ꮧ䭓ㄪ⬹ⱘ݇䬂ᯊ䯈⚍᭄㒘DŽ
UPCOORD˖ᣝ✻ᔧࠡԡ⿏ˈׂᬍᔧࠡ㒘㡖⚍ⱘതᷛ㋏DŽ
USRCAL˖‫ܕ‬䆌⫼᠋⿟ᑣ㹿▔⌏៪㗙㹿⽕⫼DŽ
㸼67. ೎ԧ㑺ᴳ
䖭ѯ∖㾷˄SOLUTION˅ੑҸ⫼ѢᅮНᅲԧ῵ൟϞⱘ㑺ᴳDŽ
DA˖ᅮНᶤϾ䴶Ϟⱘᇍ⿄៪㗙ডᇍ⿄DOF㑺ᴳDŽ
DADELE˖ߴ䰸ᶤϾ䴶ϞⱘDOF㑺ᴳDŽ
DALIST˖߫ߎᶤϾ䴶ϞⱘDOF㑺ᴳDŽ

599
 䰘ᔩ

DK˖ᅮНᶤϾ݇䬂⚍ϞⱘDOF㑺ᴳDŽ
DKDELE˖ߴ䰸ᶤϾ݇䬂⚍ϞⱘDOF㑺ᴳDŽ
DKLIST˖߫ߎᶤϾ݇䬂⚍ϞⱘDOF㑺ᴳDŽ
DL˖ᅮНᶤϾ㒓Ϟⱘᇍ⿄៪㗙ডᇍ⿄ⱘDOF㑺ᴳDŽ
DLDELE˖ߴ䰸ᶤϾ㒓ϞⱘDOF㑺ᴳDŽ
DLLIST˖߫ߎᶤϾ㒓ϞⱘDOF㑺ᴳDŽ
DTRAN˖ᇚᅲԧ῵ൟϞⱘDOF㑺ᴳӴ䕧㒭᳝䰤ऩ‫ܗ‬῵ൟDŽ
㸼68. ೎ԧ࡯
䖭ѯ∖㾷˄SOLUTION˅ੑҸ⫼ѢᅮН݇䬂⚍Ϟⱘ࡯DŽ
FK˖ᅮН݇䬂⚍Ϟⱘ㥋䕑࡯DŽ
FKDELE˖ߴ䰸݇䬂⚍Ϟⱘ㥋䕑࡯DŽ
FKLIST˖߫ߎ݇䬂⚍Ϟⱘ࡯DŽ
FTRAN˖ᇚᅲԧ῵ൟϞⱘ࡯Ӵ䗦㒭᳝䰤ऩ‫ܗ‬῵ൟDŽ
㸼69. ೎ԧ㸼䴶㥋䕑
䖭ѯ∖㾷˄SOLUTION˅ੑҸ⫼ѢᅮНᅲԧ῵ൟϞⱘ㸼䴶࡯DŽ
SFA˖ᣛᅮ㹿䗝Ёⱘ䴶Ϟⱘ㸼䴶࡯DŽ
SFADELE˖ߴ䰸ᶤϾ䴶Ϟⱘ㸼䴶࡯DŽ
SFALIST˖߫ߎᣛᅮ䴶Ϟⱘ㸼䴶࡯DŽ
SFL˖ᣛᅮᶤϾ䴶ⱘ㒓Ϟⱘ㸼䴶࡯DŽ
SFLDELE˖Ң㒓Ϟߴ䰸㸼䴶࡯DŽ
SFLLIST˖߫ߎ㒓Ϟⱘ㸼䴶࡯DŽ
SFTRAN˖ᇚᅲԧ῵ൟϞⱘ㸼䴶࡯Ӵ䗦㒭᳝䰤ऩ‫ܗ‬῵ൟDŽ
㸼70. ೎ԧԧ⿃㥋䕑
䖭ѯ∖㾷˄SOLUTION˅ੑҸ⫼ѢᅮНᅲԧ῵ൟⱘԧ⿃㥋䕑DŽ
BFA˖ᅮНᶤϾ䴶Ϟⱘԧ⿃࡯㥋䕑DŽ
BFADELE˖ߴ䰸ᶤϾ䴶Ϟⱘԧ⿃㥋䕑࡯DŽ
BFALIST˖߫ߎᶤϾ䴶Ϟⱘԧ⿃㥋䕑࡯DŽ
BFK˖ᅮНᶤϾ݇䬂⚍Ϟⱘԧ⿃࡯㥋䕑DŽ
BFKDELE˖ߴ䰸ᶤϾ݇䬂⚍Ϟⱘԧ⿃㥋䕑࡯DŽ
BFKLIST˖߫ߎᶤϾ݇䬂⚍Ϟⱘԧ⿃㥋䕑࡯DŽ
BFL˖ᅮНᶤᴵ㒓Ϟⱘԧ⿃࡯㥋䕑DŽ
BFLDELE˖ߴ䰸ᶤᴵ㒓Ϟⱘԧ⿃㥋䕑࡯DŽ
BFLLIST˖߫ߎᶤᴵ㒓Ϟⱘԧ⿃㥋䕑࡯DŽ
BFTRAN˖ᇚᅲԧ῵ൟԧ⿃㥋䕑࡯Ӵ䗦㒭᳝䰤ऩ‫ܗ‬῵ൟDŽ
BFV˖ᅮНᶤϾԧϞⱘԧ⿃࡯㥋䕑DŽ
BFVDELE˖ߴ䰸ᶤϾԧϞⱘԧ⿃㥋䕑࡯DŽ
BFVLIST˖߫ߎᶤϾԧϞⱘԧ⿃㥋䕑࡯DŽ
㸼71. ᛃᗻ˄Inertia˅

600
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

䖭ѯ∖㾷˄SOLUTION˅ੑҸ⫼ѢᅮН῵ൟϞⱘᛃᗻ㥋䕑DŽ
ACEL˖ᣛᅮ㒧ᵘⱘ㒓ᗻࡴ䗳ᑺDŽ
CGLOC˖ᣛᅮࡴ䗳ᑺതᷛ㋏ⱘॳ⚍ԡ㕂DŽ
CGOMGA˖ᣛᅮᭈԧⱘᮟ䕀䗳ᑺDŽ
CMDOMEGA˖ᣛᅮऩ‫ܗ‬䚼ӊೈ㒩⫼᠋㞾ᅮН䕀ࡼ䕈ⱘ䕀ࡼࡴ䗳ᑺDŽ
CMOMEGA˖ᣛᅮऩ‫ܗ‬䚼ӊೈ㒩⫼᠋㞾ᅮН䕀ࡼ䕈ⱘ䕀ࡼ䗳ᑺDŽ
DCGOMG˖ᣛᅮതᷛ㋏ⱘ䕀ࡼࡴ䗳ᑺDŽ
DOMEGA˖ᣛᅮ㒧ᵘⱘ䕀ࡼࡴ䗳ᑺDŽ
IRLF˖ᣛᅮϡ䅵ㅫ䕀ࡼᛃ䞣ᕅડDŽ
OMEGA˖ᣛᅮ㒧ᵘⱘ䕀ࡼ䗳ᑺDŽ
㸼72. Miscellaneous Loads
䖭ѯ∖㾷˄SOLUTION˅ੑҸ⫼Ѣ䰘ࡴⱘ㥋䕑ᅮН੠᥻ࠊDŽ
BIOT˖䅵ㅫ↩༹ˉ㧼⪺⡍˄Biot-Savart˅⑤⺕എᔎᑺDŽ
FMAGBC˖㒭ऩ‫ܗ‬䚼ӊᮑࡴ࡯੠ᡁⶽ䖍⬠ᴵӊDŽ
HFPORT˖ᣛᅮᯊ䯈-䇤⊶ⱘᇐ৥⊶▔ࢅDŽ
IC˖ᣛᅮ㡖⚍Ϟⱘ߱ྟᴵӊDŽ
ICDELE˖ߴ䰸㡖⚍Ϟⱘ߱ྟᴵӊDŽ
ICE˖ᣛᅮऩ‫ܗ‬Ϟⱘ߱ྟᴵӊDŽ
ICEDELE˖ߴ䰸ऩ‫ܗ‬Ϟⱘ߱ྟᴵӊDŽ
ICELIST˖߫ߎऩ‫ܗ‬Ϟⱘ߱ྟᴵӊDŽ
ICLIST˖߫ߎ߱ྟᴵӊDŽ
ISFILE˖Ң᭛ӊЁ䇏ܹ߱ྟᑨ࡯⢊ᗕDŽ
MPCHG˖ᬍবऩ‫ⱘܗ‬ᴤ᭭㓪োሲᗻDŽ
OUTPR˖᥻ࠊ∖㾷ⱘᠧॄ䕧ߎ乍DŽ
OUTRES˖᥻ࠊ‫ܹݭ‬᭄᥂ᑧⱘ∖㾷᭄᥂DŽ
PGRAPH˖Փ㾖ᆳ῵ൟ᳈ᖿ䗳ⱘᣛᅮ೒ᔶ᭄᥂ᄬᬒԡ㕂DŽ
PGSAVE˖Ң㒧ᵰ᭄᥂ЁˈᓎゟPowerGraphics˄PGR˅᭛ӊDŽ
PGWRITE˖ᇚ䗝Ёⱘ∖㾷᭄᥂ֱᄬࠄPGR᭛ӊDŽ
PLWAVE˖೼ᭈԧワवᇨതᷛ㋏ˈᣛᅮ㞾⬅ぎ䯈ᯊ䯈-䇤⊶ܹᇘᑇ䴶⬉⺕⊶DŽ
RESCONTROL˖ᇍ໮ᏻ䞡ਃࡼˈ᥻ࠊ᭛ӊ‫ߎݭ‬DŽ
SBCLIST˖߫ߎᅲԧ῵ൟ䖍⬠ᴵӊDŽ
SBCTRAN˖ᇚᅲԧ῵ൟ㥋䕑੠䖍⬠ᴵӊӴ䕧㒭᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟDŽ
WSPRINGS˖೼ᔧࠡ䗝Ёⱘऩ‫ܗ‬䖍⬠ⱘ㡖⚍໘ᓎゟᔅᔍㇻDŽ
㸼73. 㥋䕑ℹ᪡԰
䖭ѯ∖㾷˄SOLUTION˅ੑҸ⫼Ѣ‫ߎݭ‬੠∖㾷໮Ͼ㥋䕑ℹDŽ
LSCLEAR˖Ң᭄᥂ᑧЁ⏙䰸㥋䕑੠㥋䕑ℹ䗝乍DŽ
LSDELE˖ߴ䰸㥋䕑ℹ᭛ӊDŽ
LSREAD˖ᇚ㥋䕑੠㥋䕑ℹ䗝乍᭄᥂ˈ䇏ܹࠄ᭄᥂ᑧDŽ

601
 䰘ᔩ

LSSOLVE˖䇏ܹ੠∖㾷໮Ͼ㥋䕑ℹDŽ
LSWRITE˖ᇚ㥋䕑੠㥋䕑ℹ䗝乍᭄᥂ˈֱᄬࠄ᭛ӊDŽ
㸼74. Џ㞾⬅ᑺ˄Main DOF˅
䖭ѯ∖㾷˄SOLUTION˅ੑҸ⫼ѢᅮНЏ㞾⬅ᑺDŽ
M˖㒭䍙ऩ‫⫳ܗ‬៤ߚᵤˈᅮНЏ㞾⬅ᑺDŽ
MDELE˖ߴ䰸Џ㞾⬅ᑺDŽ
MGEN˖Ңࠡ䴶Ꮖ㒣ᅮНⱘ᭄᥂ˈ⫳៤䰘ࡴⱘЏ㞾⬅ᑺ˄MDOF˅DŽ
MLIST˖߫ߎЏ㞾⬅ᑺDŽ
TOTAL˖ᣛᅮ㞾ࡼ⫳៤Џ㞾⬅ᑺ˄MDOF˅DŽ
㸼75. 䯈䱭˄Gap˅ᴵӊ
䖭ѯ∖㾷˄SOLUTION˅ੑҸ⫼ѢᅮНⶀᗕࡼᗕߚᵤⱘ䯈䱭DŽ
GP˖ᅮНⶀᗕߚᵤⱘ䯈䱭ᴵӊDŽ
GPDELE˖ߴ䰸䯈䱭ᴵӊDŽ
GPLIST˖߫ߎ䯈䱭ᴵӊDŽ
㸼76. ऩ‫⫳ⱘܗ‬੠⅏
䖭ѯ∖㾷˄SOLUTION˅ੑҸ⫼Ѣऩ‫⫳ⱘܗ‬੠⅏䗝乍DŽ
EALIVE˖ᘶ໡ऩ‫ࡳ⅏⫳ܗ‬㛑˄⫼Ѣ⫳੠⅏ࡳ㛑˅DŽ
EKILL˖㾷䰸ऩ‫ࡳ⅏⫳ܗ‬㛑˄⫼Ѣ⫳੠⅏ࡳ㛑˅DŽ
ESTIF˖ᣛᅮ㾷䰸ऩ‫ⶽⱘܗ‬䰉ЬᄤDŽ
㸼77. FE 㑺ᴳ
䖭ѯ∖㾷˄SOLUTION˅ੑҸ⫼ѢᅮН᳝䰤ऩ‫ܗ‬῵ൟϞⱘ㑺ᴳDŽ
D˖ᅮН㡖⚍ϞⱘDOF㑺ᴳDŽ
DCUM˖ᣛᅮ㹿⿃㌃ⱘDOF㑺ᴳؐDŽ
DDELE˖ߴ䰸㞾⬅ᑺ㑺ᴳDŽ
DLIST˖߫ߎDOF㑺ᴳDŽ
DSCALE˖㓽ᬒDOF㑺ᴳؐDŽ
DSYM˖ᣛᅮ㡖⚍Ϟⱘᇍ⿄៪㗙ডᇍ⿄DOF㑺ᴳDŽ
GSBDATA˖ᇍϔ㠀ᑇ䴶ᑨবऩ‫ܗ‬䗝乍ˈᣛᅮ㑺ᴳ៪㗙೼ッ⚍ᮑࡴ㥋䕑DŽ
GSLIST˖ᇍϔ㠀ᑇ䴶ᑨবᚙ‫ߎ߫ˈމ‬䕧᭄ܹ᥂៪㗙∖㾷DŽ
LDREAD˖Ң㒧ᵰ᭛ӊЁ䇏ܹ㒧ᵰˈᑊᇚ݊԰Ў㥋䕑DŽ
㸼78. FE ࡯
䖭ѯ∖㾷˄SOLUTION˅ੑҸ⫼ѢᅮН㡖⚍ⱘ㥋䕑 on the᳝䰤ऩ‫ܗ‬῵ൟDŽ
F˖ᣛᅮ㡖⚍Ϟⱘ㥋䕑࡯DŽ
FCUM˖ᣛᅮ㽕㌃䅵䅵ㅫⱘ㥋䕑࡯DŽ
FDELE˖ߴ䰸㡖⚍Ϟⱘ㥋䕑࡯DŽ
FLIST˖߫ߎ㡖⚍Ϟⱘ㥋䕑࡯DŽ
FSCALE˖㓽ᬒ᭄᥂ᑧЁⱘ㥋䕑ؐDŽ
㸼79. FE 㸼䴶㥋䕑
䖭ѯ∖㾷˄SOLUTION˅ੑҸ⫼ѢᅮН᳝䰤ऩ‫ܗ‬῵ൟⱘ㸼䴶࡯DŽ

602
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

SF˖ᣛᅮ㡖⚍Ϟⱘ㸼䴶࡯DŽ
SFBEAM˖ᣛᅮṕऩ‫ܗ‬Ϟⱘ㸼䴶࡯DŽ
SFCUM˖ᣛᅮ㽕㌃䅵䅵ㅫⱘ㸼䴶࡯DŽ
SFDELE˖ߴ䰸㸼䴶࡯DŽ
SFE˖ᣛᅮऩ‫ܗ‬Ϟⱘ㸼䴶࡯DŽ
SFEDELE˖ߴ䰸ऩ‫ܗ‬Ϟⱘ㸼䴶࡯DŽ
SFELIST˖߫ߎऩ‫ܗ‬Ϟⱘ㸼䴶࡯DŽ
SFFUN˖ᣛᅮব࣪ⱘ㸼䴶࡯DŽ
SFGRAD˖ᣛᅮ㸼䴶࡯ⱘব࣪ẃᑺ˄᭰⥛˅DŽ
SFLIST˖߫ߎ㸼䴶࡯DŽ
SFSCALE˖㓽ᬒऩ‫ܗ‬Ϟⱘ㸼䴶࡯DŽ
㸼80. FE ԧ㥋䕑
䖭ѯ∖㾷˄SOLUTION˅ੑҸ⫼ѢᅮН᳝䰤ऩ‫ܗ‬῵ൟϞⱘԧ⿃㥋䕑DŽ
BF˖ᅮН㡖⚍ⱘԧ⿃࡯㥋䕑DŽ
BFCUM˖ᣛᅮ㽕㌃䅵䅵ㅫⱘ㡖⚍ⱘԧ⿃㥋䕑࡯DŽ
BFDELE˖ߴ䰸㡖⚍ⱘԧ⿃࡯㥋䕑DŽ
BFE˖ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬ԧ⿃࡯㥋䕑DŽ
BFECUM˖ᣛᅮᰃ৺ᗑ⬹䱣ৢⱘऩ‫ܗ‬ԧ⿃࡯㥋䕑DŽ
BFEDELE˖ߴ䰸ऩ‫ܗ‬ԧ⿃࡯㥋䕑DŽ
BFELIST˖߫ߎऩ‫ܗ‬ԧ⿃࡯㥋䕑DŽ
BFESCAL˖㓽ᬒऩ‫ܗ‬ԧ⿃࡯㥋䕑DŽ
BFLIST˖߫ߎऩ‫ܗ‬Ϟⱘԧ⿃㥋䕑࡯DŽ
BFSCALE˖㓽ᬒऩ‫ܗ‬Ϟⱘԧ⿃㥋䕑࡯DŽ
BFUNIF˖㒭᠔᳝㡖⚍ᮑࡴഛࣔߚᏗⱘԧ⿃࡯㥋䕑DŽ
LDREAD˖Ң㒧ᵰ᭛ӊЁ䇏ܹ㒧ᵰˈᑊᇚ݊԰Ў㥋䕑DŽ
RIMPORT˖Ңᰒ⼎ࡼᗕᴹߚᵤ㒧ᵰЁ䕧ܹ߱ྟᑨ࡯DŽ
TUNIF˖㒭᠔᳝㡖⚍ᮑࡴഛࣔߚᏗⱘ⏽ᑺ㥋䕑DŽ
㸼81. ⢊ᗕ
䖭ѯ∖㾷˄SOLUTION˅ੑҸ⫼Ѣ੠STAT ੑҸϔ䍋Փ⫼DŽ
ATYPE˖ᣛᅮ”Analsys types”˄ߚᵤ㉏ൟ˅԰Ў䱣ৢⱘ⢊ᗕЏԧDŽ
BIOOPT˖ᣛᅮ” Biot-Savart option”˄Biot-Savart䗝乍˅԰Ў䱣ৢⱘ⢊ᗕЏԧDŽ
DEACT˖ᣛᅮ”Element birth and death”˄ऩ‫⫳ܗ‬੠⅏˅԰Ў䱣ৢⱘ⢊ᗕЏԧDŽ
DYNOPT˖ᣛᅮ”Dynamic analysis option”˄ࡼᗕߚᵤ䗝乍˅԰Ў䱣ৢⱘ⢊ᗕЏԧDŽ
GAP˖ᣛᅮ” Reduced gap condition”˄䰡㓈ⱘⶀᗕ䯈䱭ᴵӊ˅԰Ў䱣ৢⱘ⢊ᗕЏԧDŽ
GENOPT˖ᣛᅮ”General option”˄ϔ㠀䗝乍˅԰Ў䱣ৢⱘ⢊ᗕЏԧDŽ
INRTIA˖ᣛᅮ”Inertial load”˄ᛃᗻ㥋䕑˅԰Ў䱣ৢⱘ⢊ᗕЏԧDŽ
LSOPER˖ᣛᅮ”load step operation”˄㥋䕑ℹ᪡԰˅԰Ў䱣ৢⱘ⢊ᗕЏԧDŽ
MASTER˖ᣛᅮ” Master DOF”˄Џ㞾⬅ᑺ˅԰Ў䱣ৢⱘ⢊ᗕЏԧDŽ
NLOPT˖ᣛᅮ”Nonlinear analysis option”˄䴲㒓ᗻߚᵤ䗝乍˅԰Ў䱣ৢⱘ⢊ᗕЏԧDŽ

603
 䰘ᔩ

OUTOPT˖ᣛᅮ”Output option”԰Ў䱣ৢⱘ⢊ᗕЏԧDŽ
SMBODY˖ᣛᅮ” Body load on solid model”˄ᅲԧ῵ൟϞⱘԧ⿃㥋䕑˅԰Ў䱣ৢⱘ⢊ᗕ
ЏԧDŽ
SMCONS˖ᣛᅮ”Constraint on solid model”˄ᅲԧ῵ൟϞⱘ㑺ᴳ˅԰Ў䱣ৢⱘ⢊ᗕЏԧDŽ
SMFOR˖ᣛᅮ”Forces on the solid model”˄ᅲԧ῵ൟϞⱘ࡯˅԰Ў䱣ৢⱘ⢊ᗕЏԧDŽ
SMSURF˖ᣛᅮ”Surface on the solid model”˄ᅲԧ῵ൟϞⱘ㸼䴶࡯˅԰Ў䱣ৢⱘ⢊ᗕ
ЏԧDŽ
SOLUOPT˖ᣛᅮ”Solution option”˄∖㾷䗝乍˅԰Ў䱣ৢⱘ⢊ᗕЏԧDŽ
SPTOPT˖ᣛᅮ”Spectrum analysis option”˄䈅ߚᵤ䗝乍˅԰Ў䱣ৢⱘ⢊ᗕЏԧDŽ
㸼82. ᰒᓣࡼᗕߚᵤ
䖭ѯ∖㾷˄SOLUTION˅ੑҸ⫼ѢᰒᓣࡼᗕߚᵤDŽ
EDADAPT˖೼ᰒᓣࡼᗕߚᵤЁˈ▔⌏㞾䗖ᑨ㔥ḐߦߚDŽ
EDALE˖ᇚ㔥Ḑ‫ܝ‬⒥໘⧚៤Փ⫼ALEᎹᯊⱘᰒᓣࡼᗕऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ
EDBVIS˖㒭ᰒᓣࡼᗕߚᵤˈᣛᅮᘏԧԧ⿃㉬ᗻ㋏᭄DŽ
EDCADAPT˖㒭ᰒᓣࡼᗕߚᵤˈᣛᅮ㞾䗖ᑨ㔥Ḑ᥻ࠊDŽ
EDCPU˖㒭ᰒᓣࡼᗕߚᵤˈᣛᅮCPUᯊ䯈䰤ࠊDŽ
EDCSC˖ᣛᅮᰃ৺೼ᰒᓣࡼᗕߚᵤЁՓ⫼ᄤᕾ⦃DŽ
EDCTS˖㒭ᰒᓣࡼᗕߚᵤˈᣛᅮ䋼䞣㓽ᬒ↨՟੠䅵ㅫᯊ䯈ℹ䭓㓽ᬒ಴ᄤDŽ
EDDAMP˖㒭ᰒᓣࡼᗕߚᵤˈᅮН䋼䞣ᴗ䞡˄Alpha˅៪㗙߮ᑺᴗ䞡˄Beta˅䰏ሐDŽ
EDDRELAX˖▔⌏ᰒᓣߚᵤⱘ乘ࠊ޴ԩ៪㗙ࡼᗕᬒᵒⱘ߱ྟ࣪DŽ
EDDUMP˖㒭ᰒᓣࡼᗕ䞡ਃࡼ᭛ӊ(d3dump˅ˈᣛᅮ䕧ߎ乥⥛DŽ
EDENERGY˖㒭ᰒᓣࡼᗕߚᵤˈᣛᅮ㛑䞣㗫ᬷ᥻ࠊDŽ
EDFPLOT˖‫ܕ‬䆌㒬ࠊᰒᓣࡼᗕ࡯᳆㒓DŽ
EDGCALE˖ᅮНᰒᓣࡼᗕߚᵤⱘᘏԧALE᥻ࠊDŽ
EDHGLS˖ᣛᅮᰒᓣࡼᗕߚᵤⱘ≭ⓣ㋏᭄DŽ
EDHIST˖ᣛᅮᰒᓣࡼᗕߚᵤⱘᯊ䯈ग़⿟䕧ߎDŽ
EDHTIME˖ᣛᅮᰒᓣࡼᗕߚᵤⱘᯊ䯈ग़⿟䕧ߎ䯈䱨DŽ
EDINT˖㒭ᰒᓣ໇੠ṕ䕧ߎᣛᅮ⿃ߚ⚍⚍᭄DŽ
EDIS˖㒭ᰒᓣࡼᗕᅠܼ䞡ਃࡼߚᵤˈᣛᅮᑨ࡯߱ྟ࣪DŽ
EDLOAD˖ᣛᅮᰒᓣࡼᗕߚᵤⱘ㥋䕑DŽ
EDOPT˖ᣛᅮᰒᓣࡼᗕߚᵤⱘ䕧ߎ㉏ൟDŽ
EDOUT ˖ᣛᅮᰒᓣࡼᗕߚᵤⱘᯊ䯈ग़⿟䕧ߎ˄ASCIIḐᓣ˅DŽ
EDPL˖㒬ࠊᰒᓣࡼᗕߚᵤⱘᯊ䯈Ⳍ݇㥋䕑᳆㒓DŽ
EDPVEL˖㒭ᰒᓣࡼᗕߚᵤˈ㒭䳊ӊ៪㗙䳊ӊ㒘ড়ԧˈᑨ⫼߱ྟ䗳ᑺDŽ
EDRC˖㒭ᰒᓣࡼᗕߚᵤˈᣛᅮ߮ԧˋবᔶԧ᥻ࠊᓔ݇DŽ
EDRD˖㒭ᰒᓣࡼᗕߚᵤˈᇚ῵ൟҢবᔶԧ䕀ᤶЎ߮ԧˈ៪㗙Ң߮ԧ䕀ᤶЎবᔶԧDŽ
EDRI˖㒭ᰒᓣࡼᗕߚᵤˈᔧবᔶԧ䳊ӊ䕀ᤶЎ߮ԧৢˈᅮНᮄᓎ߮ԧⱘᛃᗻሲᗻDŽ
EDRST˖㒭ᰒᓣࡼᗕߚᵤˈᣛᅮ䕧ߎ䯈䱨DŽ
EDRUN˖㒭ᰒᓣࡼᗕߚᵤˈᣛᅮІ㸠៪㗙ᑊ㸠໘⧚఼DŽ

604
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EDSHELL˖㒭ᰒᓣࡼᗕߚᵤˈᣛᅮ໇ԧ䅵ㅫ᥻ࠊDŽ
EDSOLV˖ᣛᅮ”Explicit dynamic solution”˄ᰒᓣࡼᗕ∖㾷˅԰Ў䱣ৢⱘ⢊ᗕЏ乬DŽ
EDSTART˖㒭ᰒᓣࡼᗕߚᵤˈᣛᅮ⢊ᗕ˄ᮄⱘ៪㗙ᓔྟⱘ˅DŽ
EDTERM˖㒭ᰒᓣࡼᗕߚᵤˈᣛᅮ㒜ℶ‫߭ޚ‬DŽ
EDTP˖෎ѢᅗӀⱘᯊ䯈ℹ䭓ˈ㒬ࠊᰒᓣऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ
EDVEL˖㒭ᰒᓣࡼᗕߚᵤˈ㒭㡖⚍៪㗙㡖⚍䚼ӊᮑࡴ߱ྟ䗳ᑺ㡖⚍DŽ
EDWRITE˖ᇚᰒᓣࡼᗕ䕧ֱܹᄬࠄLS-DYNA䕧ܹ᭛ӊDŽ
REXPORT˖ᇚ䱤ᓣ䖤㸠㒧ᵰⱘԡ⿏䕧ߎࠄLS-DYNADŽ

7. ϔ㠀ৢ໘⧚˄POST1˅ੑҸ
䖭ѯੑҸ⫼Ѣ੠᭄᥂ᑧ໘⧚῵ഫϔ䍋ˈ䖯㸠㒧ᵰⱘৢ໘⧚DŽ
㸼87. 䆒㕂
䖭ѯPOST1ੑҸ⫼Ѣ೼ৢ໘῵ഫЁˈᇚ᭄᥂⏏ࡴࠄ᭄᥂ᑧDŽ
APPEND˖Ң㒧ᵰ᭛ӊЁ䇏᭄ܹ᥂ᑊ⏏ࡴࠄ᭄᥂ᑧDŽ
DETAB˖ׂᬍ᭄᥂ᑧЁⱘऩ‫ܗ‬㸼㒧ᵰDŽ
DNSOL˖ᅮН៪㗙ׂᬍ㡖⚍Ϟⱘ∖㾷㒧ᵰDŽ
FILE˖ᣛᅮᶹᡒ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰⱘ᭄᥂᭛ӊDŽ
HRCPLX˖䅵ㅫᑊᇚᣛᅮⳌԡ㾦ⱘᯊ䯈-䇤⊶∖㾷㒧ᵰֱᄬࠄ᭄᥂ᑧDŽ
PGRSET˖ᅮНҢPGR᭛ӊЁ䇏ܹⱘ᭄᥂䲚DŽ
/POST1˖䖯᭄ܹ᥂ᑧ㒧ᵰৢ໘⧚఼DŽ
RESET˖䞡㕂᠔᳝POST1៪㗙POST26߱ྟ咬䅸ؐDŽ
SET˖ᅮНҢ㒧ᵰ᭛ӊЁ䇏ܹⱘ᭄᥂DŽ
SUBSET˖䇏ܹ㹿䗝Ёⱘ῵ൟ䚼ߚⱘ㒧ᵰDŽ
㸼88. ᥻ࠊ
䖭ѯPOST1ੑҸ⫼Ѣ᥻ࠊ݊ҪੑҸᅠ៤ⱘ᭄᥂ⱘ䅵ㅫDŽ
AVPRIN˖ᣛᅮབԩ䅵ㅫЏؐ੠ⶶ䞣∛ᘏDŽ
AVRES˖ᣛᅮᔧ䍙㑻೒ᔶ˄PowerGraphics˅㹿▔⌏ᯊˈབԩᑇഛ㒧ᵰ᭄᥂DŽ
/EFACET˖ᣛᅮ೼䍙㑻೒ᔶ˄PowerGraphics˅ᰒ⼎Ёऩ‫ܗ‬䖍㓬ߦߚḐ᭄DŽ
ERNORM˖᥻ࠊ䇃ᏂԄ䅵䅵ㅫDŽ
FORCE˖䗝ᢽऩ‫ܗ‬䕧ߎⱘ㡖⚍࡯㉏ൟDŽ
INRES˖䆚߿Ң㒧ᵰ᭛ӊᦤপⱘ᭄᥂DŽ
LAYER˖ᣛᅮ㹿໘⧚᭄᥂ⱘऩ‫ܗ‬᠔೼ⱘሖDŽ
RSYS˖▔⌏ᠧॄ៪㒧ᵰᰒ⼎ⱘതᷛ㋏DŽ
SHELL˖䗝ᢽ໇ऩ‫៪ܗ‬㗙໇ሖ㒧ᵰ䕧ߎⱘ䆒㕂DŽ
㸼89. 㒧ᵰ
䖭ѯPOST1ੑҸ⫼Ѣ໘⧚䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰˈ㞾⬅ᑺ㒧ᵰˈ㡖⚍ⱘᑨ࡯ˈऩ‫ৃܗ‬ҹ∖੠ⱘ੠ϡ
ৃҹ∖੠ⱘᶤѯ᭄᥂DŽ
NSORT˖ᇍ㡖⚍ⱘ᭄᥂ᥦᑣDŽ
NUSORT˖ᘶ໡㡖⚍᭄᥂ⱘॳྟ⃵ᑣDŽ

605
 䰘ᔩ

PLCONV˖㒭p-method∖㾷ⱘᣛᅮ乍Ⳃˈ㒬ࠊᬊᬯ᳆㒓DŽ
PLDISP˖೒ᔶᰒ⼎বᔶৢⱘ㒧ᵘDŽ
PLESOL˖⫼ϡ䖲㓁ऩ‫ܗ‬ㄝ催㒓ˈ೒ᔶᰒ⼎∖㾷㒧ᵰDŽ
PLNSOL˖⫼䖲㓁ㄝ催㒓ˈ೒ᔶᰒ⼎㒧ᵰDŽ
PLSP˖೼XYതᷛ㋏Ёˈ೒ᔶᰒ⼎ᶤϾখ᭄ⱘব࣪ᚙ‫މ‬DŽ
PLVECT˖ҹⶶ䞣ᮍᓣˈ೒ᔶᰒ⼎㒧ᵰDŽ
PPLOT˖೒ᔶᰒ⼎ˈ↣Ͼऩ‫ܗ‬᳔ৢⱘp-levelؐDŽ
PRCONV˖߫ߎᬊᬯؐᇍp-levelⱘব࣪ᚙ‫މ‬DŽ
PRESOL˖ᠧॄऩ‫∖ⱘܗ‬㾷㒧ᵰDŽ
PRNLD˖ᠧॄ∛ᘏৢⱘऩ‫ܗ‬㡖⚍㥋䕑DŽ
PRNSOL˖ᠧॄ㡖⚍∖㾷㒧ᵰDŽ
PRRFOR˖੠FORCEੑҸϔ䍋Փ⫼ˈᠧॄ㹿㑺ᴳ㡖⚍ⱘড࡯∖㾷㒧ᵰDŽ
PRRSOL˖ᠧॄ㹿㑺ᴳ㡖⚍ড࡯∖㾷㒧ᵰDŽ
PRSSOL˖ᠧॄBEAM188੠BEAM189៾䴶㒧ᵰ
PRVECT˖⫼ⶶ䞣ؐ੠ᮍ৥ԭᓺˈᠧॄ㒧ᵰDŽ
SUMTYPE˖䆒㕂ϟ䴶㥋䕑Ꮉ‫މ‬᪡԰ⱘ∖੠㉏ൟDŽ
㸼90. ऩ‫ܗ‬㸼˄Element Table˅
䖭ѯPOST1ੑҸ⫼Ѣᇍऩ‫ܗ‬㸼䖯㸠᪡԰ˈऩ‫ܗ‬㸼Џ㽕⫼Ѣᇍऩ‫ⱘܗ‬䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ˄↨བᑇ
ഛᑨ࡯ˈ⛁⌕⥛ㄝㄝ˅䖯㸠ֱᄬ੠໘⧚DŽ
DESOL˖ᅮН៪㗙ׂᬍऩ‫ܗ‬㡖⚍Ϟⱘ∖㾷㒧ᵰDŽ
ESORT˖ᥦᑣऩ‫ܗ‬㸼DŽ
ETABLE˖Ўৢ㓁໘⧚ᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬㸼DŽ
EUSORT˖ᘶ໡ऩ‫ܗ‬㸼ⱘॳᴹ⃵ᑣDŽ
PLETAB˖ᰒ⼎ऩ‫ܗ‬㸼乍ⳂDŽ
PLLS˖⊓ⴔऩ‫ܗ‬ㄝ催㒓䴶ˈᰒ⼎ऩ‫ܗ‬㸼乍ⳂDŽ
PLVECT˖⫼ⶶ䞣೒ᰒ⼎㒧ᵰDŽ
PRETAB˖ᠧॄऩ‫ܗ‬㸼乍ⳂDŽ
PRVECT˖⫼ⶶ䞣ؐ੠ᮍ৥ԭᓺˈᠧॄ㒧ᵰDŽ
SABS˖ᣛᅮऩ‫ܗ‬㸼᪡԰ⱘ㒱ᇍؐDŽ
SADD˖ᇚϸϾᏆ᳝ⱘ乍ⳂⳌࡴˈᔶ៤ऩ‫ܗ‬㸼ⱘ঺ϔ乍DŽ
SALLOW˖ᅮНᅝܼ㋏᭄䅵ㅫⱘ䆌⫼ᑨ࡯㸼DŽ
SEXP˖䗮䖛পᐖ៪㗙Ь⿃ˈᔶ៤ऩ‫ܗ‬㸼乍ⳂDŽ
SFACT˖‫ܕ‬䆌ⱘᅝܼ㋏᭄៪㗙䅵ㅫߎⱘᅝܼ㺩䞣DŽ
SFCALC˖䅵ㅫᅝܼ㋏᭄៪㗙ᅝܼ㺩䞣DŽ
SMAX˖⫼ϸϾ݊Ҫ乍Ⳃⱘ᳔໻ؐˈᔶ៤ऩ‫ܗ‬㸼乍ⳂDŽ
SMIN˖⫼ϸϾ݊Ҫ乍Ⳃⱘ᳔ᇣؐˈᔶ៤ऩ‫ܗ‬㸼乍ⳂDŽ
SMULT˖⫼ϸϾ݊Ҫ乍ⳂⱘЬ⿃ˈᔶ៤ऩ‫ܗ‬㸼乍ⳂDŽ
SSUM˖䅵ㅫ੠ᠧॄऩ‫ܗ‬㸼乍Ⳃⱘ∖੠DŽ
TALLOW˖ᅮН⫼Ѣᅝܼ㋏᭄䅵ㅫⱘ⏽ᑺ㸼DŽ

606
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

VCROSS˖ҢϸϾⶶ䞣ⱘঝЬᔶ៤ऩ‫ܗ‬㸼乍ⳂDŽ
VDOT˖ҢϸϾⶶ䞣ⱘ⚍Ьˈᔶ៤ऩ‫ܗ‬㸼乍ⳂDŽ
㸼91. ߫㸼ᰒ⼎
䖭ѯPOST1ੑҸ⫼Ѣ᥻ࠊ㒧ᵰⱘᠧॄᰒ⼎DŽ
/FORMAT ˖ᣛᅮ᥻ࠊ᠔᳝㸼ḐⱘḐᓣDŽ
/HEADER˖䆒㕂义䴶੠㸼༈ᠧॄ᥻ࠊDŽ
IRLIST˖ᠧॄᛃᗻ∛ᘏ㸼DŽ
/PAGE˖ᅮНᠧॄ乍Ⳃ੠ሣᐩ义ሎᇌDŽ
PRERR˖ᠧॄSEPC੠TEPCDŽ
PRITER˖ᠧॄ∖㾷∛ᘏ᭄᥂DŽ
㸼92. ࡼ⬏˄Animation˅
䖭ѯPOST1ੑҸ⫼Ѣ⫼ࡼ⬏˄Animate˅ᰒ⼎㒧ᵰDŽ
ANCNTR˖⫳៤বᔶᔶ⢊ㄝ催㒓ⱘࡼ⬏ᑣ߫DŽ
ANCUT ˖⫳៤Q-slicesⱘࡼ⬏ᑣ߫DŽ
ANDATA˖⫳៤ᶤϾ㒧ᵰ᭄᥂㣗ೈ‫ⱘݙ‬ϔ㋏߫ㄝ催㒓ࡼ⬏DŽ
ANDSCL˖⫳៤বᔶᔶ⢊ⱘࡼ⬏ᑣ߫DŽ
ANCYC˖೼῵ᗕᕾ⦃ᇍ⿄ߚᵤЁˈᇚࡼ⬏䕀ᤶЎ೒ᔶ᭄᥂DŽ
ANDYNA˖⫳៤ᄤ㥋䕑ℹⱘㄝ催㒓ؐⱘࡼ⬏ᑣ߫DŽ
/ANFILE˖ֱᄬࡼ⬏ᑣ߫ࠄ᭛ӊ៪㗙Ң᭛ӊЁᘶ໡ࡼ⬏ᑣ߫DŽ
ANHARM˖⫳៤ᯊ䯈-䇤⊶䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰⱘᯊ䯈-ⶀᗕࡼ⬏ᑣ߫DŽ
ANIM˖ҹࡼ⬏ᔶᓣˈ೒ᔶᰒ⼎೒ᔶ᭄᥂DŽ
ANISOS˖⫳៤ㄝ䕈⌟೒ⱘࡼ⬏ᑣ߫DŽ
ANMODE˖⫳៤῵ᗕⱘࡼ⬏ᑣ߫DŽ
ANMRES˖೼ᰒᓣࡼᗕߚᵤЁˈᠻ㸠໮Ͼ㒧ᵰ᭛ӊⱘ㒧ᵰࡼ⬏DŽ
ANTIME˖⫳៤ᯊ䯈㣗ೈ‫ⱘݙ‬ϔ㋏߫ㄝ催㒓ࡼ⬏DŽ
㸼93. 䏃ᕘ˄Path˅᪡԰
䖭ѯPOST1ੑҸ⫼Ѣ䏃ᕘ˄Path˅᪡԰DŽ
PADELE˖ߴ䰸Ꮖ㒣ᅮНⱘ䏃ᕘDŽ
PAGET˖ᇚᔧࠡ䏃ᕘֵᙃֱᄬࠄ᭄㒘ব䞣DŽ
PAPUT ˖Ң᭄㒘ব䞣Ёᘶ໡䏃ᕘֵᙃDŽ
PARESU˖Ң᭛ӊЁˈᘶ໡ࠡ䴶ֱᄬ䖛ⱘ䏃ᕘDŽ
PASAVE˖ᇚ㹿䗝Ёⱘ䏃ᕘֱᄬࠄ໪䚼᭛ӊDŽ
PATH˖ᅮН䏃ᕘৡ⿄ˈᑊ㒭䆹䏃ᕘᓎゟখ᭄DŽ
PCALC˖᪡԰Ꮖ᳝ⱘ䏃ᕘ乍Ⳃˈᔶ៤঺໪ⱘ䏃ᕘDŽ
PCROSS˖䅵ㅫϸϾ䏃ᕘⶶ䞣⊓ᔧࠡ䏃ᕘⱘঝЬ⿃DŽ
PDEF˖ᇚᶤϾ乍ᦦؐࠄᶤᴵ䏃ᕘDŽ
PDOT˖䅵ㅫϸϾ䏃ᕘⶶ䞣⊓ᔧࠡ䏃ᕘⱘ⚍Ь⿃DŽ
PLPAGM˖೒ᔶᰒ⼎䏃ᕘ乍Ⳃ⊓ⴔ䏃ᕘⱘব࣪ᚙ‫މ‬DŽ
PLPATH˖೼೒ᔶϞˈ೒ᔶᰒ⼎䏃ᕘ乍Ⳃⱘব࣪DŽ

607
 䰘ᔩ

PLSECT˖೒ᔶᰒ⼎㭘㝰੠㭘㝰-ᔃ᳆㒓ᗻᑨ࡯DŽ
PMAP˖䗮䖛ᅮН䏃ᕘᦦؐ⚍ˈᓎゟ䏃ᕘ޴ԩⱘ᯴ᇘDŽ
PPATH˖䗮䖛ᣒপˈ៪㗙ᅮН㡖⚍ˈ៪㗙ᔧࠡᎹ԰䴶Ϟⱘԡ㕂ˈ៪㗙䕧ܹࠊᅮതᷛԡ
㕂ㄝᮍ⊩ˈᅮН䏃ᕘDŽ
PRANGE˖⹂ᅮ䏃ᕘ㣗ೈDŽ
PRPATH˖ᠧॄ䏃ᕘ乍Ⳃ⊓ⴔ޴ԩ䏃ᕘⱘব࣪ᚙ‫މ‬DŽ
PRSECT˖䅵ㅫᑊᠧॄ⊓ⴔ៾䴶䏃ᕘ㒓ᗻᑨ࡯ব࣪ᚙ‫މ‬DŽ
PSEL˖䗝ᢽϔᴵ䏃ᕘ៪㗙໮ᴵ䏃ᕘDŽ
PVECT˖ᇚϔ㒘乍Ⳃᦦؐࠄᶤᴵ䏃ᕘDŽ
㸼94. 㥋䕑Ꮉ‫˄މ‬Load Case˅䅵ㅫ
䖭ѯPOST1ੑҸ⫼Ѣ㒘ড়ϡৠⱘ㥋䕑ℹⱘ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰDŽ
LCABS˖㒭㥋䕑Ꮉ‫މ‬᪡԰ᣛᅮ㒱ᇍؐDŽ
LCASE˖ᇚ㥋䕑Ꮉ‫ֵމ‬ᙃ䇏ܹࠄ᭄᥂ᑧDŽ
LCDEF˖Ң㒧ᵰ᭛ӊЁϔ㒘㒧ᵰˈᓎゟ㥋䕑Ꮉ‫މ‬DŽ
LCFACT˖㒭㥋䕑Ꮉ‫މ‬᪡԰ˈᅮН㓽ᬒ㋏᭄DŽ
LC᭛ӊ˖ҢᏆ᳝ⱘ㥋䕑Ꮉ‫މ‬᭛ӊЁˈᓎゟ㥋䕑Ꮉ‫މ‬DŽ
LCOPER˖ᠻ㸠㥋䕑Ꮉ‫މ‬᪡԰DŽ
LCSEL˖䗝ᢽϔ㒘㥋䕑Ꮉ‫މ‬DŽ
LCSUM˖೼㥋䕑Ꮉ‫މ‬᪡԰Ёˈᣛᅮᰃ৺໘⧚ϡ㛑∖੠ⱘ乍ⳂDŽ
LCWRITE˖䗮䖛ᇚ㒧ᵰ‫ܹݭ‬㥋䕑Ꮉ‫މ‬᭛ӊˈᓎゟ㥋䕑Ꮉ‫މ‬DŽ
LCZERO˖ᇚ᭄᥂ᑧⳌᑨ䚼ߚⱘ㒧ᵰ⏙䳊DŽ
RAPPND˖ᇚ᭄᥂ᑧЁⱘ㒧ᵰ᭄᥂ˈ⏏ࡴࠄ㒧ᵰ᭛ӊDŽ
㸼96. ⮆ࢇ˄Fatigue˅ߚᵤ
䖭ѯPOST1ੑҸ⫼Ѣ⮆ࢇߚᵤDŽ
FE˖ᅮНϔ㒘⮆ࢇџӊখ᭄DŽ
FELIST˖߫ߎ⮆ࢇџӊখ᭄DŽ
FL˖ᅮНϔ㒘⮆ࢇԡ㕂খ᭄DŽ
FLLIST˖߫ߎ⮆ࢇԡ㕂খ᭄DŽ
FP˖ᅮН⮆ࢇS - N੠Sm - T 㸼DŽ
FPLIST˖߫ߎᄬ‫⫼ⱘټ‬Ѣ⮆ࢇ䆘Ԅⱘሲᗻ㸼DŽ
FS˖ᄬ‫ټ‬ᶤϔϾ㡖⚍Ϟⱘ⮆ࢇᑨ࡯៤ߚDŽ
FSDELE˖ߴ䰸ᶤϾ⮆ࢇԡ㕂ˈџӊˈ੠㥋䕑ⱘᑨ࡯ᴵӊDŽ
FSLIST˖߫ߎᄬ‫⫼ⱘټ‬Ѣ⮆ࢇ䆘Ԅⱘᑨ࡯DŽ
FSNODE˖䅵ㅫᑊᄬ‫ټ‬ᶤϾ㡖⚍ⱘ⮆ࢇߚᵤⱘᑨ࡯៤ߚDŽ
FSPLOT˖೒ᔶᰒ⼎ᶤϾ⮆ࢇԡ㕂੠џӊⱘ⮆ࢇᑨ࡯乍DŽ
FSSECT˖䅵ㅫᑊᄬ‫ټ‬ᘏⱘ㒓ᔶᑨ࡯៤ߚDŽ
FTCALC˖ᇍᶤϾ㡖⚍ԡ㕂ˈᠻ㸠⮆ࢇ䅵ㅫDŽ
FTSIZE˖ᅮН⮆ࢇ᭄᥂ᄬ‫ټ‬᭄㒘DŽ
FTWRITE˖ᇚ᠔᳝ᔧࠡᄬ‫ࢇ⮆ⱘټ‬᭄᥂ֱᄬࠄ᭛ӊDŽ

608
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㸼100. ⢊ᗕ
䖭ѯPOST1ੑҸ⫼Ѣ੠STAT ੑҸϔ䍋Փ⫼DŽ
CALC˖ᣛᅮ“Calculation settings”˄䅵ㅫ䆒㕂˅԰Ў䱣ৢⱘ⢊ᗕЏԧDŽ
DATADEF˖ᣛᅮ”Directly defined data status”˄Ⳉ᥹ᅮН᭄᥂⢊ᗕ˅԰Ў䱣ৢⱘ⢊ᗕ
ЏԧDŽ
DEFINE˖ᣛᅮ“᭄᥂ definition settings”˄ᅮН䆒㕂˅԰Ў䱣ৢⱘ⢊ᗕЏԧDŽ
DISPLAY˖ᣛᅮ“”Display settings”˄ᰒ⼎䆒㕂˅԰Ў䱣ৢⱘ⢊ᗕЏԧDŽ
LCCALC˖ᣛᅮ“Load case settings”˄㥋䕑Ꮉ‫މ‬䆒㕂˅԰Ў䱣ৢⱘ⢊ᗕЏԧDŽ
POINT˖ᣛᅮ“⚍ flow tracing settings”˄⌕ࡼ䔼䗍䆒㕂˅԰Ў䱣ৢⱘ⢊ᗕЏԧDŽ
PRINT˖ᣛᅮ“Print settings”˄ᠧॄ䆒㕂˅԰Ў䱣ৢⱘ⢊ᗕЏԧDŽ
SORT˖ᣛᅮ“Sort settings”˄ᥦᑣ䆒㕂˅԰Ў䱣ৢⱘ⢊ᗕЏԧDŽ
SPEC˖ᣛᅮ“Miscellaneous specifications”˄䰘ࡴ䇈ᯢ˅԰Ў䱣ৢⱘ⢊ᗕЏԧDŽ
㸼101. ༅ᬜ‫߭ޚ‬
䖭ѯPOST1ੑҸ⫼Ѣ੠༅ᬜ‫߭ޚ‬ϔ䍋Փ⫼DŽ
FC˖ᦤկ༅ᬜ‫ֵ߭ޚ‬ᙃˈ੠▔⌏䕧ܹ⏽ᑺⳌ݇ⱘᑨ࡯੠ᑨবᵕ䰤ⱘ᭄᥂㸼DŽ
FCCHECK˖Ẕᶹ᠔᳝ᴤ᭭ⱘᑨব੠ᑨ࡯䕧ܹ‫߭ޚ‬DŽ
FCDELE˖ߴ䰸ࠡ䴶Ꮖ㒣ᅮНⱘˈ㒭ᅮᴤ᭭ⱘ༅ᬜ‫߭ޚ‬᭄᥂DŽ
FCLIST˖߫ߎᏆ㒣䕧ܹⱘ༅ᬜ‫߭ޚ‬᭄᥂DŽ

8. 䖤㸠㒳䅵˄RUNSTATS˅ੑҸ
䖭ѯ䖤㸠㒳䅵˄run statistics˅ੑҸ⫼ѢԄ䅵䖤ㅫᯊ䯈੠᭛ӊ໻ᇣDŽ
㸼113. ਃࡼ䖤㸠㒳䅵῵ഫ
䖭ѯRUNSTATSੑҸ⫼ѢԄ䅵ANSYS⿟ᑣ䖤㸠ᯊ䯈੠᭛ӊ໻ᇣDŽ
RALL˖䅵ㅫ∖㾷఼ⱘ䅵ㅫᯊ䯈DŽ
RFILSZ˖Ԅ䅵᭛ӊ໻ᇣDŽ
RITER˖ᦤկ⫼Ѣ䖤ㅫᯊ䯈Ԅ䅵ⱘ䖤ㅫᕾ⦃⃵᭄DŽ
RMEMRY˖ᠧॄᔧࠡ῵ൟᇍ‫ݙ‬ᄬⱘ䳔㽕䞣DŽ
RSPEED˖ᦤկ⫼Ѣ䖤ㅫᯊ䯈Ԅ䅵ⱘ㋏㒳ᗻ㛑ֵᙃDŽ
RSTAT ˖ᠧॄ᳝䰤‫ܗ‬῵ൟⱘ㒳䅵ֵᙃDŽ
RTIMST˖ᠧॄ䖤㸠ᯊ䯈Ԅ䅵ؐDŽ
/RUNST˖䖯ܹ䖤㸠㒳䅵˄run statistics˅໘⧚῵ഫDŽ
RWFRNT˖⫳៤⊶ࠡ㒳䅵੠‫ݙ‬ᄬ䳔㽕䞣DŽ

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9. Ӭ࣪䆒䅵˄OPTIMIZATION˅ੑҸ
䖭ѯੑҸ⫼Ѣdesign Ӭ࣪ߚᵤDŽ
㸼114. ᘏԧ䇈ᯢ
䖭ѯӬ࣪䆒䅵˄OPTIMIZATION˅ੑҸ⫼Ѣ䆒㕂Ӭ࣪䆒䅵ব䞣DŽ
OPEQN˖᥻ࠊᄤ䯂乬䖥Ԑᮍ⊩ⱘ᳆㒓ᢳড়DŽ
OPFACT˖ᅮНᠻ㸠಴ᓣ∖ؐⱘ㉏ൟDŽ
OPFRST˖ᅮН㄀ϔ䰊Ӭ࣪ᮍ⊩ⱘ䇈ᯢDŽ
OPGRAD˖ᣛᅮẃᑺㅫ⊩ⱘ䆒䅵䲚DŽ
OPKEEP˖ᣛᅮᰃ৺ֱᄬ᳔Ӭⱘ㒧ᵰ੠᭄᥂ᑧ᭛ӊDŽ
OPLOOP ᣛᅮӬ࣪ᕾ⦃ⱘ᥻ࠊDŽ
OPPRNT˖▔⌏䆺㒚Ӭ࣪ⱘ∛ᘏֵᙃᠧॄࡳ㛑DŽ
OPRAND˖ᅮН䱣ᴎӬ࣪ⱘᕾ⦃⃵᭄DŽ
OPSUBP ˖㒭ᄤ䯂乬䖥Ԑᮍ⊩ˈᅮНᕾ⦃⃵᭄DŽ
OPSWEEP˖㒭ᠿᦣ⫳៤ᮍ⊩ˈᣛᅮখ㗗⚍੠∖ؐ⚍Ͼ᭄DŽ
/OPT˖䖯᳔ܹӬ࣪䆒䅵῵ഫDŽ
OPTYPE˖ᣛᅮ㽕Փ⫼ⱘӬ࣪ᮍ⊩DŽ
OPUSER˖ᅮН⫼᠋ᦤկⱘ໪䚼Ӭ࣪ㅫ⊩ⱘ䇈ᯢDŽ
OPVAR˖ᣛᅮ԰ЎӬ࣪ব䞣ⱘখ᭄DŽ
TOCOMP˖ᅮНᢧᠥӬ࣪ࡳ㛑ᰃऩⳂᷛ䖬ᰃ໮ⳂᷛDŽ
TODEF˖ᅮНখ᭄ᑊ߱ྟ࣪ᢧᠥӬ࣪DŽ
TOFREQ˖ᅮНᢧᠥӬ࣪ࡳ㛑ⱘऩϾ៪㗙ৡН乥⥛݀ᓣDŽ
TOTYPE˖ᣛᅮᢧᠥӬ࣪ⱘ∖㾷ᮍ⊩DŽ
TOVAR˖ᣛᅮᢧᠥӬ࣪䯂乬ⱘⳂᷛߑ᭄੠㑺ᴳDŽ
㸼115. ᪡԰
䖭ѯӬ࣪䆒䅵˄OPTIMIZATION˅ੑҸ⫼Ѣ᪡԰䆒䅵Ӭ࣪ব䞣DŽ
OPADD˖䗮䖛ⳌࡴϸϾ䲚ˈᔶ៤ϔ㋏߫Ӭ࣪খ᭄DŽ
OPCLR˖⏙䰸Ӭ᭄࣪᥂ᑧDŽ
OPDEL˖ߴ䰸Ӭ࣪䆒䅵䲚DŽ
OPMAKE˖Փ⫼Џࡼᷛ䞣খ᭄ؐˈᓎゟ䆒䅵䲚DŽ
OPSEL˖䗝ᢽᄤᑣ߫Ӭ࣪ᕾ⦃ⱘ䆒䅵䲚DŽ
㸼116. ᭛ӊ
䖭ѯӬ࣪䆒䅵˄OPTIMIZATION˅ੑҸ⫼Ѣ䆒䅵Ӭ࣪᭛ӊⱘ᪡԰DŽ
OPANL˖ᅮН⫼ѢӬ࣪ᕾ⦃䅵ㅫⱘߚᵤ᭛ӊDŽ
OPDATA˖ᣛᅮֱᄬӬ࣪䆒䅵᭄᥂ⱘ᭛ӊৡ⿄DŽ
OPRESU˖䇏ܹӬ᭄࣪᥂ࠄӬ᭄࣪᥂ᑧDŽ
OPSAVE˖‫ߎݭ‬Ӭ࣪䆒䅵᭄᥂ࠄ᭛ӊDŽ
㸼117. Run
䖭ѯӬ࣪䆒䅵˄OPTIMIZATION˅ੑҸᠻ㸠Ӭ࣪䆒䅵ߚᵤDŽ

610
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

OPEXE˖߱ྟ࣪Ӭ࣪ᕾ⦃DŽ
TOEXE˖ᠻ㸠ϔϾᢧᠥӬ࣪ᕾ⦃DŽ
TOLOOP˖ᠻ㸠޴ϾᢧᠥӬ࣪ᕾ⦃DŽ
㸼118. Display
䖭ѯӬ࣪䆒䅵˄OPTIMIZATION˅ੑҸ⫼Ѣҹ೒ᔶᮍᓣᰒ⼎Ӭ࣪㒧ᵰDŽ
OPLFA˖೒ᔶᰒ⼎಴ᓣ∖ؐⱘ㒧ᵰDŽ
OPLGR˖೒ᔶẃᑺ∖ؐⱘ㒧ᵰDŽ
OPLIST˖೒ᔶᰒ⼎䆒䅵䲚খ᭄DŽ
OPLSW˖೒ᔶᘏԧᠿᦣ⫳៤㒧ᵰDŽ
OPRFA˖ᠧॄ಴ᓣ∖ؐⱘ㒧ᵰDŽ
OPRGR˖ᠧॄẃᑺ∖ؐⱘ㒧ᵰDŽ
OPRSW˖ᠧॄᘏԧᠿᦣ⫳៤ⱘ㒧ᵰDŽ
PLVAROPT˖೼೒ᔶЁ೒ᔶᰒ⼎᳔໮कϾখ᭄ⱘব࣪ᚙ‫މ‬DŽ
PRVAROPT˖߫ߎ᳔໮कϾӬ࣪খ᭄DŽ
TOGRAPH˖㒬ࠊᢧᠥӬ࣪ⱘᕾ⦃∖㾷㒧ᵰDŽ
TOLIST˖߫ߎ᠔᳝ᔧࠡᏆ㒣ᅮНⱘᢧᠥӬ࣪ߑ᭄DŽ
TOPLOT˖㒬ࠊᔧࠡᢧᠥᆚᑺߚᏗ೒DŽ
TOPRINT˖㒬ࠊᕾ⦃∖㾷ᢧᠥӬ࣪ⱘग़৆DŽ
TOSTAT ˖೒ᔶᰒ⼎ᢧᠥӬ࣪ⱘ⢊ᗕ੠㒧ᵰֵᙃDŽ
XVAROPT˖ᣛᅮ԰ЎX-䕈ⱘখ᭄DŽ

10. ὖ⥛ߚᵤ˄PROBABILISTIC˅ੑҸ
䖭ѯੑҸ⫼Ѣὖ⥛䆒䅵ߚᵤPDS˄Probablistic Design Analysis˅DŽ
㸼120. ⹂ᅮᗻ῵ൟ
䖭ѯPDSੑҸ⫼ᴹ䇈ᯢ⹂ᅮᗻ῵ൟDŽ
PDANL˖ᅮН⫼Ѣὖ⥛ߚᵤᕾ⦃䅵ㅫⱘ᭛ӊDŽ
㸼121. ὖ⥛ߚᵤࠡ໘⧚
ϟ䴶PDSੑҸ⫼Ѣ䇈ᯢ੠ᰒ⼎ὖ⥛῵ൟDŽ
/PDS˖䖯ܹὖ⥛˄PROBABILISTIC˅䆒䅵㋏㒳DŽ
PDCORR˖ᣛᅮϸϾ䱣ᴎ䕧ܹব䞣П䯈ⱘⳌ݇㋏᭄DŽ
PDINQR˖ᘶ໡ϔϾখ᭄ᑊᇚ݊ᄬ‫ټ‬ЎϔϾ⫼᠋㞾ᅮНখ᭄DŽ
PDPLOT˖㒬ࠊᏆ㒣ᅮНⱘ䱣ᴎ䕧ܹব䞣ⱘߚᏗᆚᑺ᳆㒓DŽ
PDVAR˖ᣛᅮ໘⧚Ўὖ⥛䆒䅵ব䞣ⱘখ᭄DŽ
㸼122. ὖ⥛ߚᵤᮍ⊩
ϟ䴶ⱘPDSੑҸᰃὖ⥛ߚᵤᮍ⊩੠ᅗӀⱘ䗝乍DŽ
PDDOEL˖㒭ϔϾ⣀ゟ䱣ᴎ䕧ܹব䞣ᅮНᅲ偠∈ᑇDŽ
PDDMCS˖ᣛᅮ㩭⡍व㔫˄Monte Carlo˅ᮍ⊩ⱘ䗝乍DŽ
PDMETH˖ᣛᅮὖ⥛ߚᵤᮍ⊩DŽ
PDUSER˖ᣛᅮ⫼᠋㞾ᅮНⱘ䞛ḋᮍ⊩DŽ

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㸼123. ᠻ㸠ὖ⥛ߚᵤ
ϟ䴶ⱘPDSੑҸᠻ㸠ὖ⥛ߚᵤDŽ
PDEXE˖ᠻ㸠ὖ⥛ߚᵤDŽ
㸼124. ὖ⥛ߚᵤৢ໘⧚
ϟ䴶PDSੑҸ‫ܕ‬䆌ὖ⥛ৢ໘⧚⿟ᑣ੠ὖ⥛㒧ᵰⱘৃ㾚࣪DŽ
PDCDF˖㒬ࠊ㌃䅵ߚᏗߑ᭄DŽ
PDCMAT ˖ᠧॄⳌ݇㋏᭄ⶽ䰉DŽ
PDHIST˖㒬ࠊ乥⥛᷅⢊೒DŽ
PDPINV˖ᠧॄinversion of a probability㒧ᵰDŽ
PDPROB˖ᠧॄὖ⥛䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰDŽ
PDROPT˖ᣛᅮHTML᡹ਞ⫳៤఼ⱘ䗝乍DŽ
PDSCAT ˖㒬ࠊᬷᏗ೒DŽ
PDSENS˖㒬ࠊὖ⥛♉ᬣᑺDŽ
PDSHIS˖㒬ࠊ䞛ḋग़৆ؐDŽ
PDWRITE˖⫳៤ὖ⥛ߚᵤⱘHTML᡹ਞDŽ
㸼125. ὖ⥛ߚᵤ᭄᥂ᑧ
The following PDSੑҸᦤկᇍὖ⥛᭄᥂ᑧⱘ䇏প᪡԰DŽ
PDCLR˖⏙䰸ὖ⥛䆒䅵᭄᥂ᑧDŽ
PDRESU˖䇏ܹὖ⥛῵ൟ᭄᥂ᑊֱᄬࠄ᭄᥂ᑧDŽ
PDSAVE˖ᇚὖ⥛῵ൟ᭄᥂ֱᄬࠄ᭛ӊDŽ
㸼126. ડᑨ䴶˄Response Surface˅
ϟ䴶PDSੑҸ‫ܕ‬䆌∖ؐˈৃ㾚࣪੠ડᑨ䴶ⱘՓ⫼DŽ
RSFIT˖㒭∖㾷ⱘ䕧ߎখ᭄ᢳড়ડᑨ䴶DŽ
RSPLOT˖㒬ࠊડᑨ䴶DŽ
RSPRNT˖ᠧॄડᑨ䴶DŽ
RSSIMS˖ᠻ㸠㩭⡍व㔫˄MCS˅ડᑨ䴶DŽ

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 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

11. ᰒ⼎˄DISPLAY˅⿟ᑣੑҸ
䖭ѯੑҸ⫼Ѣᰒ⼎˄DISPLAY˅⿟ᑣDŽDISPLAY⿟ᑣᰃANSYS⿟ᑣⱘϔϾ䰘ࡴ⿟ᑣˈ
Џ㽕⫼ѢANSYS⿟ᑣ‫ݙ‬䚼ⱘ೒ᔶᰒ⼎DŽ
㸼128. 䆒㕂
䖭ѯDISPLAYੑҸ⫼Ѣ䆒㕂DISPLAY⿟ᑣDŽ
/CMAP˖ᬍবᏆ᳝ⱘ买㡆᯴ᇘ㸼ˈ៪㗙ᓎゟᮄⱘ买㡆᯴ᇘ㸼DŽ
/DEVDISP˖᥻ࠊ೒ᔶ䆒໛䗝乍DŽ
FILEDISP˖ᣛᅮࣙ৿೒ᔶ᭄᥂ⱘ᭛ӊDŽ
HELPDISP˖೒ᔶᰒ⼎᳝݇DISPLAYੑҸⱘᐂࡽֵᙃDŽ
NOCOLOR˖Ң೒ᔶᰒ⼎Ϟ⿏এ买㡆DŽ
/SEG˖‫ܕ‬䆌೒ᔶ᭄᥂㹿ᄬ‫ࠄټ‬ሔ䚼ⱘ㒜ッ‫ݙ‬ᄬDŽ
/SHOWDISP˖ᅮНᰒ⼎偅ࡼ⿟ᑣৡ⿄DŽ
TERM˖ᣛᅮ৘⾡㒜ッ䆒໛ⱘ偅ࡼ⿟ᑣ䗝乍DŽ
㸼130. ᠻ㸠ੑҸ
䖭ѯDISPLAYੑҸ⫼Ѣᠻ㸠㒬ࠊ੠䗔ߎ⿟ᑣDŽ
FINISH˖䗔ߎ໘⧚῵ഫDŽ
PLOT˖㒬೒ᰒ⼎DŽ
STAT ˖೒ᔶᰒ⼎᭄᥂ᑧ⢊ᗕ䆒㕂DŽ

613
 ㄀1ゴ ㅔऩᢝय़ᴚ㒧ᵘ

䭳ᒄ㐂ᲳܵᲿবГ䕎ᴔ
䰘ᔩ1㒭ߎᐌ⫼ⱘ㒧ᵘߚᵤऩ‫ⱘܗ‬খ㗗DŽϟ䴶ⱘϸϾ㑺ᅮߚ߿ᰃՓ⫼ऩ‫ܗ‬㒧ᵰ䕧ߎ㸼੠
ऩ‫ܗ‬ᴵⳂ੠ᑣ߫㓪ো䕧ߎ㸼ⱘՓ⫼䇈ᯢDŽϡৠⱘऩ‫ܗ‬᳝ϡৠⱘ䕧ߎ乍Ⳃˈ᠔ҹ䖭ѯ㑺ᅮᇍ
ϡৠⱘऩ‫⬹ܗ‬᳝ϡৠDŽ

ऩ‫ܗ‬㒧ᵰ䕧ߎ㸼Փ⫼㑺ᅮ˖

ৡ⿄߫㸼Ёᏺ᳝‫ݦ‬ো˄:˅ⱘᴵⳂৃҹ䗮䖛ᴵⳂৡ⿄Ⳉ᥹Փ⫼DŽO߫乍Ⳃ㸼⼎䆹ᴵⳂ೼
᭛ӊJobname.OUT 䞠DŽR߫乍Ⳃ㸼⼎䆹ᴵⳂ೼㒧ᵰ᭛ӊЁDŽϡㅵᰃO߫䖬ᰃR߫ˈY㸼⼎䆹ᴵ
Ⳃᘏᰃৃ⫼ⱘˈ᭄ᄫ߭ᇍᑨѢ㸼Ḑϟ䴶ⱘⳌᑨ㾷䞞ˈ᳝ᯊᰃৃ⫼ⱘˈ᳝ᯊᰃϡৃ⫼ⱘDŽ㗠a
㸼⼎䆹ᴵⳂϡৃ⫼DŽ

ऩ‫ⱘܗ‬ᴵⳂ੠ᑣ߫㓪ো䕧ߎ㸼Փ⫼ϟ䴶㑺ᅮ˖

ৡ⿄ -- ᅮН೼ऩ‫ܗ‬㒧ᵰ䕧ߎ㸼Ёⱘ䕧ߎ䞣ৡ⿄DŽ
ᴵⳂ-- 㒭ETABLEੑҸ乘‫ܜ‬ᅮНⱘᴵⳂDŽ
E -- ऩ‫ܗ‬᭄᥂ⱘ᭄ؐ៪㗙ᐌ᭄ⱘᴵⳂ㓪োDŽ
IˈJ -- ᇍᑨѢ㡖⚍I੠J᭄᥂ⱘᴵⳂ㓪োDŽ

1. 2-Dᴚऩ‫ܗ‬LINK1

1.1 ऩ‫ܗ‬䇈ᯢ
LINK1ৃҹ⫼Ѣ䆌໮Ꮉ⿟乚ඳˈԴৃҹᇚ݊ⳟ԰ᰃḕᶊˈ䖲ᴚ៪㗙ᔍㇻㄝᵘӊDŽѠ㓈
ᴚऩ‫ܗ‬ᰃᏺ᳝ϸϾ㡖⚍ˈ↣Ͼ㡖⚍᳝ϸϾ⊓ⴔx੠yᮍ৥ⱘᑇ⿏㡖⚍㞾⬅ᑺⱘᢝԌ-य़㓽ऩ
‫ˈܗ‬ህ‫ڣ‬㒧ᵘЁϸッ䫄ᬃⱘᴚˈা᳝ᢝԌ੠य़㓽বᔶˈ≵᳝ᔃ᳆੠ᡁ䕀বᔶDŽ

೒1.1 2-Dᴚऩ‫ܗ‬LINK1

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 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

1.2 䕧᭄ܹ᥂
2-Dᴚऩ‫ܗ‬LINK1ⱘᅮН䳔㽕䕧ܹ޴ԩᔶ⢊ˈ㡖⚍ԡ㕂੠ऩ‫ܗ‬തᷛ㋏DŽऩ‫ܗ‬ϔ㠀䗮䖛ϸ
ッ㡖⚍ˈ῾៾䴶䴶⿃ˈ߱ྟᑨব੠ᴤ᭭খ᭄ᴹᅮНDŽऩ‫ܗ‬x䕈⊓ⴔऩ‫ܗ‬䭓ᑺᮍ৥Ң㡖⚍Iᣛ
৥㡖⚍JDŽऩ‫ྟ߱ⱘܗ‬ᑨব˄ISTRN˅ᰃ䗮䖛/LᴹᅮНⱘˈ݊Ёⱘᰃऩ‫ܗ‬䭓ᑺⱘব࣪䞣ˈ
Lᰃऩ‫≵ܗ‬᳝বᔶᯊⱘ䭓ᑺ˄䗮䖛I੠J㡖⚍ԡ㕂ᴹ⹂ᅮ˅DŽ
㡖⚍੠ऩ‫ܗ‬㥋䕑䛑ሲѢऩ‫ܗ‬㥋䕑DŽԴгৃҹ䕧ܹ㡖⚍Ϟⱘ⏽ᑺ੠⛁⌕⥛԰Ўऩ‫ⱘܗ‬ԧ
㥋䕑DŽ㡖⚍Iⱘ⏽ᑺT(I)咬䅸ЎTUNIFDŽ㡖⚍Jⱘ⏽ᑺ咬䅸ЎT(I)DŽᇍѢ⛁⌕⥛ⱘᅮНгᣝ䖭
ḋⱘ㾘߭প咬䅸ؐDŽԴгৃҹ⫼LUMPMੑҸᦤկ䲚Ё䋼䞣ⶽ䰉ˈҹ⫼Ѣ⊶ⱘӴ᪁ߚᵤDŽ
ϟ䴶ⱘ䕧ܹᨬ㽕㒭ߎњऩ‫ܗ‬䕧ֵܹᙃⱘㅔ⬹䇈ᯢDŽ

1.3 LINK1ऩ‫ܗ‬䕧᭄ܹ᥂ᨬ㽕
ऩ‫ܗ‬ৡ⿄ LINK1
㡖⚍ I, J
㡖⚍㞾⬅ᑺ UX, UY
ᅲᐌ᭄ AREA, ISTRN
ᴤ᭭খ᭄ EX, ALPX, DENS, DAMP
㸼䴶㥋䕑 ᮴
ԧ㥋䕑 ⏽ᑺ -- T(I), T(J)˗⛁⌕䞣 -- FL(I), FL(J)
⡍⅞ࡳ㛑 ลᗻˈ㷩বˈ㝼㚔ˈᑨ࡯ᔎ࣪ˈ໻বᔶˈऩ‫⌏⅏ܗ‬

1.4 䕧ߎ᭄᥂
Ϣऩ‫ܗ‬㒧ᵰⳌ㘨㋏ⱘ㒧ᵰ䕧ߎЏ㽕᳝ϸ⾡ᔶᓣ˖
(1) ࠋԤสྭۤൎပࠋԤࠒ‫ڴ‬d
(2) Ӧ၍ࠒ‫ڴ‬೛ѻζᄯٓѻԅ‫ަؘ‬ԅӦ၍೛ѻd
ᑨ࡯䕧ߎ᳝޴ϾᴵⳂDŽ㒧ᵰ䕧ߎⱘϔ㠀䇈ᯢ೼㒧ᵰ䕧ߎ㸼Ё㒭ߎDŽ

೒1.2 Ѡ㓈ᴚऩ‫ܗ‬LINK1ⱘᑨ࡯䕧ߎ

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㸼1.1 LINK1ऩ‫ⱘܗ‬㒧ᵰ䕧ߎ
ৡ ⿄ ᅮ Н O R
EL ऩ‫ܗ‬ো Y Y
NODES ऩ‫ܗ‬㡖⚍㓪ো˄I੠J˅ Y Y
MAT ऩ‫ⱘܗ‬ᴤ᭭㓪ো Y Y
VOLU: ऩ‫ܗ‬ԧ⿃ - Y
XC, YC 㒧ᵰ䕧ߎԡ㕂 Y 2
TEMP I੠J㡖⚍ԡ㕂໘ⱘ⏽ᑺ Y Y
FLUEN I੠J㡖⚍໘ⱘ⛁⌕⥛ Y Y
MFORX ೼ऩ‫ܗ‬തᷛ㋏Ёⱘ㝰࡯Xᮍ৥ Y Y
SAXL ऩ‫ⱘܗ‬䕈৥ᑨ࡯ Y Y
EPELAXL ऩ‫ⱘܗ‬䕈৥ᔍᗻᑨব Y Y
EPTHAXL ऩ‫ⱘܗ‬䕈৥⛁ᑨব Y Y
EPINAXL ऩ‫ⱘܗ‬䕈৥߱ྟᑨব Y Y
SEPL Ңᑨ࡯-ᑨব᳆㒓ЁᕫࠄⱘㄝᬜMisesᑨ࡯ 1 1
SRAT ሜ᳡䴶Ϟϝ䕈ᑨ࡯Ϣᑨ࡯ⱘ↨ 1 1
EPEQ ㄝᬜลᗻᑨব 1 1
HPRES 䴭∈य़࡯ 1 1
EPPLAXL 䕈৥ลᗻᑨব 1 1
EPCRAXL 䕈৥㷩বᑨব 1 1
EPSWAXL 䕈৥㝼㚔ᑨব 1 1
1. ᔧऩ‫݋ܗ‬᳝ᴤ᭭䴲㒓ᗻᯊৃ⫼DŽ
2. ⫼*GETੑҸᦤপ䋼ᖗԡ㕂ⱘᴵⳂᯊৃ⫼DŽ

ϟ䴶㸼Ḑ1.2㒭ߎњ⫼ETABLEੑҸৃҹՓ⫼ⱘLink1ऩ‫ⱘܗ‬ᴵⳂ੠ᴵⳂ㓪োDŽ

㸼1.2 ETABLE੠ESOLੑҸⱘLINK1ऩ‫ⱘܗ‬ᴵⳂ੠ᑣ߫㓪ো
ৡ ⿄ ᴵ Ⳃ E I J
SAXL LS 1 - -
EPELAXL LEPEL 1 - -
EPTHAXL LEPTH 1 - -
EPSWAXL LEPTH 2 - -
EPINAXL LEPTH 3 - -
EPPLAXL LEPPL 1 - -
EPCRAXL LEPCR 1 - -
SEPL NLIN 1 - -
SRAT NLIN 2 - -
HPRES NLIN 3 - -
EPEQ NLIN 4 - -
MFORX SMISC 1 - -
FLUEN NMISC - 1 2
TEMP LBFE - 1 2

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 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

1.5 ‫؛‬ᅮ੠䰤ࠊ
ᴚऩ‫؛ܗ‬ᅮЎⳈᴚˈ೼ϸッফࠄ䕈৥࡯԰⫼ˈ৘⾡খ᭄⊓ⴔ䭓ᑺᮍ৥ഛࣔߚᏗDŽᴚⱘ
䭓ᑺᖙ乏໻Ѣ0ˈ᠔ҹ㡖⚍I੠Jϡ㛑䞡ড়DŽᴚऩ‫ܗ‬ᖙ乏ԡѢXYᑇ䴶Ϩ῾៾䴶䴶⿃ᑨ䆹໻Ѣ
0DŽ⏽ᑺ‫؛‬ᅮ⊓ⴔᴚ䭓ᮍ৥㒓ᗻব࣪DŽԡ⿏ߑ᭄㒭ߎⱘᴚӊ‫ݙ‬䚼ⱘᑨ࡯ᰃഛࣔߚᏗⱘDŽ߱ྟ
ᑨব೼䅵ㅫ߮ᑺⶽ䰉খϢ߮ᑺ㋏᭄ⱘ䅵ㅫDŽ

2. 3-Dᴚऩ‫ܗ‬LINK8

2.1 ऩ‫ܗ‬䇈ᯢ
LINK1ৃҹ⫼Ѣ䆌໮Ꮉ⿟乚ඳˈԴৃҹᇚ݊ⳟ԰ᰃḕᶊˈ ㋶ˈ䖲ᴚ៪㗙ᔍㇻㄝᵘӊDŽ
ϝ㓈ᴚऩ‫ܗ‬ᰃᏺ᳝ϸϾ㡖⚍ˈ↣Ͼ㡖⚍᳝3Ͼ⊓ⴔxˈy੠zᮍ৥ⱘᑇ⿏㡖⚍㞾⬅ᑺⱘᢝԌ-य़
㓽ऩ‫ˈܗ‬ህ‫ڣ‬㒧ᵘЁϸッ䫄ᬃⱘᴚˈা᳝ᢝԌ੠य़㓽বᔶˈ≵᳝ᔃ᳆੠ᡁ䕀বᔶDŽऩ‫ৃܗ‬
ҹЎลᗻˈ㷩বˈ㝼㚔ˈᑨ࡯ᔎ࣪੠໻বᔶᬜᑨDŽ

2.2 䕧᭄ܹ᥂
೒1.3㒭ߎњLINK8ऩ‫޴ⱘܗ‬ԩᔶ⢊ǃ㡖⚍ԡ㕂੠തᷛ㋏⼎ᛣ೒DŽ䆹ऩ‫⬅ܗ‬ϸϾ㡖⚍ǃ
῾៾䴶䴶⿃ǃ߱ྟᑨব੠ᴤ᭭খ᭄ᴹᅮНDŽऩ‫ܗ‬x䕈⊓ⴔऩ‫ܗ‬䭓ᑺᮍ৥Ң㡖⚍Iᣛ৥㡖⚍JDŽ
ऩ‫ྟ߱ⱘܗ‬ᑨব˄ISTRN˅ᰃ䗮䖛/LᴹᅮНⱘˈ݊Ёⱘᰃऩ‫ܗ‬䭓ᑺⱘব࣪䞣ˈLᰃऩ‫ܗ‬
≵᳝বᔶᯊⱘ䭓ᑺ˄䗮䖛I੠J㡖⚍ԡ㕂ᴹ⹂ᅮ˅DŽ

೒1.3 3-Dᴚऩ‫ܗ‬LINK8

ऩ‫ܗ‬Ϟⱘ㥋䕑䗮䖛㡖⚍㥋䕑੠ऩ‫ܗ‬㥋䕑DŽԴгৃҹ䕧ܹ㡖⚍Ϟⱘ⏽ᑺ੠⛁⌕⥛԰Ўऩ
‫ⱘܗ‬ԧ㥋䕑DŽ㡖⚍Iⱘ⏽ᑺT(I)咬䅸ЎTUNIFDŽ㡖⚍Jⱘ⏽ᑺ咬䅸ЎT(I)DŽᇍѢ⛁⌕⥛ⱘᅮН
гᣝ䖭ḋⱘ㾘߭প咬䅸ؐDŽ
ऩ‫ܗ‬䕧᭄ܹ᥂೼ऩ‫ܗ‬䕧᭄ܹ᥂ᨬ㽕Ё㒭ߎDŽ

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2.3 LINK8ऩ‫ܗ‬䕧᭄ܹ᥂ᨬ㽕
ऩ‫ܗ‬ৡ⿄ LINK8
㡖⚍ I, J
㡖⚍㞾⬅ᑺ UX, UY, UZ
ᅲᐌ᭄ AREA, ISTRN
ᴤ᭭খ᭄ EX, ALPX, DENS, DAMP
㸼䴶㥋䕑 ᮴
ԧ㥋䕑 ⏽ᑺ -- T(I), T(J)˗⛁⌕⥛ -- FL(I), FL(J)
⡍⅞ࡳ㛑 ลᗻˈ㷩বˈ㝼㚔ˈᑨ࡯ᔎ࣪ˈ໻বᔶˈऩ‫⌏⅏ܗ‬

2.4 䕧ߎ᭄᥂
Ϣऩ‫ܗ‬㒧ᵰⳌ㘨㋏ⱘ㒧ᵰ䕧ߎЏ㽕᳝ϸ⾡ᔶᓣ˖
(1) 㡖⚍ԡ⿏੠᠔᳝㡖⚍㒧ᵰDŽ
(2) ऩ‫ܗ‬㒧ᵰ䕧ߎ㸼Ё㒭ߎⱘ䰘ࡴⱘऩ‫ܗ‬䕧ߎDŽᑨ࡯䕧ߎ᳝޴ϾᴵⳂˈ㒧ᵰ䕧ߎⱘϔ
㠀䇈ᯢ೼㒧ᵰ䕧ߎ㸼Ё㒭ߎDŽབ೒1.4᠔⼎ᰃϔ䚼ߚ㒧ᵰⱘ೒⼎䇈ᯢDŽ

೒1.4 3-Dᴚऩ‫ܗ‬LINK8ⱘ㒧ᵰ䕧ߎ

㸼1.3 LINK8ऩ‫ܗ‬㒧ᵰⱘ䕧ߎ
ৡ ⿄ ᅮ Н O R
EL ऩ‫ܗ‬ো Y Y
NODES 㡖⚍ -- I, J Y Y
MAT ᴤ᭭㓪ো Y Y
VOLU: ԧ⿃ - Y
XC, YC, ZC 㒧ᵰ䕧ߎԡ㕂 Y 2
TEMP ⏽ᑺ T(I), T(J) Y Y
FLUEN ⛁⌕䞣 FL(I) FL(J) Y Y

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 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

˄㓁˅
ৡ ⿄ ᅮ Н O R
MFORX ೼ऩ‫ܗ‬തᷛ㋏Ёⱘ㝰࡯ Y Y
SAXL 䕈৥ᑨ࡯ Y Y
EPELAXL 䕈৥ᔍᗻᑨব Y Y
EPTHAXL 䕈৥⛁ᑨব Y Y
EPINAXL 䕈৥߱ྟᑨব Y Y
SEPL Ңᑨ࡯-ᑨব᳆㒓ЁᕫࠄⱘㄝᬜMisesᑨ࡯ 1 1
SRAT ሜ᳡䴶Ϟϝ䕈ᑨ࡯Ϣᑨ࡯ⱘ↨ 1 1
EPEQ ㄝᬜลᗻᑨব 1 1
HPRES 䴭∈य़࡯ 1 1
EPPLAXL 䕈৥ลᗻᑨব 1 1
EPCRAXL 䕈৥㷩বᑨব 1 1
EPSWAXL 䕈৥㝼㚔ᑨব 1 1
1. 䴲㒓ᗻ㾷ˈা᳝೼ऩ‫݋ܗ‬᳝ᴤ᭭䴲㒓ᗻᯊৃ⫼DŽ
2. ⫼*GETੑҸᦤপ䋼ᖗԡ㕂ⱘᴵⳂᯊৃ⫼DŽ

ϟ䴶㸼Ḑ1.4㒭ߎњ⫼ETABLEੑҸৃҹՓ⫼ⱘLink8ऩ‫ⱘܗ‬ᴵⳂ੠ᴵⳂ㓪োDŽ

㸼1.4 ETABLE੠ESOLੑҸৃҹՓ⫼ⱘLINK8ᴵⳂ੠ᑣ߫㓪ো
ৡ ⿄ ᴵ Ⳃ E I J
SAXL LS 1 - -
EPELAXL LEPEL 1 - -
EPTHAXL LEPTH 1 - -
EPSWAXL LEPTH 2 - -
EPINAXL LEPTH 3 - -
EPPLAXL LEPPL 1 - -
EPCRAXL LEPCR 1 - -
SEPL NLIN 1 - -
SRAT NLIN 2 - -
HPRES NLIN 3 - -
EPEQ NLIN 4 - -
MFORX SMISC 1 - -
FLUEN NMISC - 1 2
TEMP LBFE - 1 2

2.5 ‫؛‬ᅮ੠䰤ࠊ
ᴚऩ‫؛ܗ‬ᅮЎⳈᴚˈ೼ϸッফࠄ䕈৥࡯԰⫼ˈ৘⾡খ᭄⊓ⴔ䭓ᑺᮍ৥ഛࣔߚᏗDŽᴚⱘ
䭓ᑺᖙ乏໻Ѣ0ˈ᠔ҹ㡖⚍I੠Jϡ㛑䞡ড়DŽᴚऩ‫ܗ‬ᖙ乏ԡѢX-Yᑇ䴶Ϩ῾៾䴶䴶⿃ᑨ䆹໻Ѣ0DŽ

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⏽ᑺ‫؛‬ᅮ⊓ⴔᴚ䭓ᮍ৥㒓ᗻব࣪DŽԡ⿏ߑ᭄㒭ߎⱘᴚӊ‫ݙ‬䚼ⱘᑨ࡯ᰃഛࣔߚᏗⱘDŽ߱ྟᑨ
ব೼䅵ㅫ߮ᑺⶽ䰉খϢ߮ᑺ㋏᭄ⱘ䅵ㅫDŽ

3. 2-Dᔍᗻṕऩ‫ܗ‬BEAM3

3.1 ऩ‫ܗ‬䇈ᯢ
Ѡ㓈ṕऩ‫ܗ‬BEAM3ᰃৃҹᡓফᢝԌˈय़㓽੠ᔃ᳆㛑࡯ⱘऩ‫ܗ‬DŽऩ‫݋ܗ‬᳝ϸϾ㡖⚍ˈ↣
Ͼ㡖⚍᳝⊓ⴔx੠yᮍ৥ⱘᑇ⿏㞾⬅ᑺ੠㒩㡖⚍z䕈䕀ࡼⱘ䕀ࡼ㞾⬅ᑺDŽ

3.2 䕧᭄ܹ᥂
Ѡ㓈ṕऩ‫ܗ‬BEAM3‫݋‬᳝བ೒1.5᠔⼎ⱘ2-Dᔍᗻṕⱘ޴ԩᔶ⢊ˈ㡖⚍ԡ㕂੠തᷛ㋏DŽऩ
‫ܗ‬᳝ϸϾ㡖⚍㒘៤ˈࣙᣀ῾៾䴶䴶⿃ˈ䴶⿃ᛃᗻⶽˈ催ᑺ੠ᴤ᭭খ᭄ㄝሲᗻখ᭄DŽऩ‫ⱘܗ‬
߱ྟᑨব˄ISTRN˅ᰃ䗮䖛/LᴹᅮНⱘˈ݊Ёⱘᰃऩ‫ܗ‬䭓ᑺⱘব࣪䞣ˈLᰃऩ‫≵ܗ‬᳝ব
ᔶᯊⱘ䭓ᑺ˄䗮䖛I੠J㡖⚍ԡ㕂ᴹ⹂ᅮ˅DŽབᵰ䳔㽕໮Ͼ㥋䕑࡯ⱘ䅵ㅫˈ߱ྟᑨবা⫼Ѣ
䅵ㅫᑨ࡯߮ᑺⶽ䰉DŽ

೒1.5 2-Dᔍᗻṕऩ‫ܗ‬BEAM3

བᵰ⦃৥ᬜᑨৃҹᗑ⬹ⱘ䆱ˈ䆹ऩ‫ৃܗ‬ҹ䖯㸠䕈ᇍ⿄ߚᵤDŽᇍѢ䕈ᇍ⿄ߚᵤˈ䴶⿃੠
ᛃᗻⶽᖙ乏ᣝ360ᑺ䕧ܹDŽ࠾ߛবᔶᐌ᭄˄SHEARZ˅ᰃৃ䗝乍DŽгৃҹ䗮䖛ᣛᅮSHEARZ
ㄝѢ0ᴹᗑ⬹࠾ߛবᔶDŽ࠾ߛ῵䞣˄GXY˅া⫼Ѣ㗗㰥࠾ߛবᔶᯊՓ⫼DŽऩ‫ܗ‬䭓ᑺⱘ䰘ࡴ
䋼䞣ৃҹ⫼ADDMASؐᴹ䕧ܹDŽ
㡖⚍㥋䕑੠ऩ‫ܗ‬㥋䕑䛑ሲѢऩ‫ܗ‬㥋䕑DŽԴৃҹᣛᅮऩ‫ܗ‬㸼䴶ⱘ㸼䴶य़࡯㥋䕑ˈᮍ৥ᣝ
೒1.5Ёⱘᏺ೜᭄ᄫⱘᮍ৥DŽℷⱘᮍ৥य़࡯Ⳉ᥹԰⫼೼ऩ‫ܗ‬ϞDŽ∈ᑇय़࡯ᅮНЎ԰⫼೼ऩԡ
䭓ᑺϞⱘ࡯DŽッ⚍य़࡯ᅲ䰙ᰃᣝ࡯ᴹ䕧ܹDŽ
KEYOPT(10)‫ܕ‬䆌㒓ᔶব࣪ⱘ∈ᑇय़࡯DŽ

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KEYOPT(9)⫼Ѣᣛᅮ೼Ё䯈䕧ߎ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰˈԚᰃᔧᑨ࡯ᔎ࣪[SSTIF, ON]ᓔ݇ᠧᓔᯊᰃ
ϡ㛑Փ⫼ⱘDŽ
໮Ͼ㾦䗳ᑺ⫼[OMEGA] 䕧ܹDŽ݊Ҫ㾦䗳ᑺ੠㾦ࡴ䗳ᑺ⫼CGOMGAˈDOMEGA៪
DCGOMGੑҸ䕧ܹDŽ

3.3 BEAM3ऩ‫ܗ‬䕧᭄ܹ᥂ᨬ㽕
ऩ‫ܗ‬ৡ⿄ BEAM3
㡖⚍ I, J
㡖⚍㞾⬅ᑺ UX, UY, ROTZ
ᅲᐌ᭄ AREA, IZZ, HEIGHT, SHEARZ, ISTRN, ADDMAS
ᴤ᭭খ᭄ EX, ALPX, DENS, GXY, DAMP
㸼䴶㥋䕑 य़࡯ --㸼䴶1(I-J)˄-Y ⊩㒓ᮍ৥˅ˈ㸼䴶2(I-J)˄+X ߛ㒓ᮍ৥˅ˈ㸼䴶3(I)˄+X 䕈㒓
ᮍ৥˅ˈ㸼䴶4(J)˄-X 䕈㒓ᮍ৥˅ˈ೼Ⳍডᮍ৥ⱘ㥋䕑⫼䋳ؐ䕧ܹ
ԧ㥋䕑 ⏽ᑺ -- T1ˈT2ˈT3ˈT4
⡍⅞ࡳ㛑 ᑨ࡯ᔎ࣪ˈ໻বᔶˈऩ‫⌏⅏ܗ‬
KEYOPT(6) 0 – ϡ䕧ߎ㝰࡯੠࡯ⶽ˗1 – ೼ऩ‫ܗ‬തᷛ㋏䕧ߎ㝰࡯੠࡯ⶽ
KEYOPT(9) ᥻ࠊI੠J⚍Ё䯈ⱘ㡖⚍ⱘ㒧ᵰ䕧ߎ˗N --䕧ߎЁ䯈NϾԡ㕂˄N=0ˈ1ˈ3ˈ5ˈ7ˈ9˅
KEYOPT(10) ⫼ѢSFBEAMੑҸᣛᅮⱘ㒓ᗻ㸼䴶㥋䕑DŽ0 -- ऩԡ䭓ᑺ㥋䕑ⱘԡ㕂ᣝ䭓ᑺ‫⿏أ‬䞣ᅮН˗
1 -- ऩԡ䭓ᑺ㥋䕑ⱘԡ㕂ᣝ䭓ᑺ↨ؐ˄0.0ࠄ1.0˅‫⿏أ‬䞣ᴹᅮН
⊼˖SHEARZ੠IZZϔ䍋䍋԰⫼DŽབᵰSHEARZ=0ˈ߭ऩ‫ܗ‬Yᮍ৥ⱘ࠾ߛবᔶϡ䅵DŽ

3.4 䕧ߎ᭄᥂
Ϣऩ‫ܗ‬㒧ᵰⳌ㘨㋏ⱘ㒧ᵰ䕧ߎЏ㽕᳝ϸ⾡ᔶᓣ˖
(1) ࠋԤสྭۤൎပࠋԤࠒ‫ڴ‬d
(2) Ӧ၍ࠒ‫ڴ‬೛ѻζᄯٓѻԅ‫ަؘ‬ԅӦ၍೛ѻd࿫ॏ೛ѻပ‫ّދ‬ඨંēࠒ‫ڴ‬೛ѻԅྡྷ
͎ഊੜၽࠒ‫ڴ‬೛ѻζᄯٓѻd෍1.6ಾྡྷϦ‫ڴࠒד‬ԅ෍ವഊੜdࠋԤสྭͧ‫ॴۃ‬ൎပԅࠋԤ
ࠒ‫ڴ‬d

೒1.6 ᑇ䴶ṕऩ‫ܗ‬BEAM3ⱘᑨ࡯䕧ߎ

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㸼1.5 BEAM3ऩ‫ܗ‬㒧ᵰ䕧ߎ
ৡ ⿄ ᅮ Н O R
EL ऩ‫ܗ‬ো Y Y
NODES ऩ‫ܗ‬㡖⚍ -- IˈJ Y Y
MAT ऩ‫ܗ‬ᴤ᭭㓪ো Y Y
VOLU: ऩ‫ܗ‬ԧ⿃ N Y
XCˈYC 㒧ᵰ䕧ߎԡ㕂 Y 3
TEMP ⏽ᑺ T1ˈT2ˈT3ˈT4 Y Y
PRES 㡖⚍IˈJⱘय़࡯P1; OFFST1 at IˈJ;P2 at IˈJ; OFFST2 at IˈJ; P3 at I; P4 at J Y Y
SDIR 䕈৥ᑨ࡯ 1 1
SBYT ṕऩ‫ܗ‬+Yϔջⱘᔃ᳆ᑨ࡯ 1 1
SBYB ṕऩ‫ܗ‬Yϔջⱘᔃ᳆ᑨ࡯ 1 1
SMAX ᳔໻ᑨ࡯˄䕈৥ᑨ࡯ + ᔃ᳆ᑨ࡯˅ 1 1
SMIN ᳔ᇣᑨ࡯˄䕈৥ᑨ࡯ - ᔃ᳆ᑨ࡯˅ 1 1
EPELDIR ッ䚼ⱘ䕈৥ᔍᗻᑨব 1 1
EPELBYT ṕऩ‫ܗ‬+Yϔջⱘᔃ᳆ᔍᗻᑨব 1 1
EPELBYB ṕऩ‫ܗ‬Yϔջⱘᔃ᳆ᔍᗻᑨব 1 1
EPTHDIR ッ䚼ⱘ䕈৥⛁ᑨব 1 1
EPTHBYT ṕऩ‫ܗ‬+Yϔջⱘᔃ᳆⛁ᑨব 1 1
EPTHBYB ṕऩ‫ܗ‬Yϔջⱘᔃ᳆⛁ᑨব 1 1
EPINAXL ऩ‫ܗ‬Ёⱘ߱ྟᑨব 1 1
MFOR(X, Y) ೼ऩ‫ܗ‬തᷛ㋏X੠Yᮍ৥ⱘ㝰࡯ 2 Y
MMOMZ ೼ऩ‫ܗ‬തᷛ㋏Zᮍ৥㭘㝰ᔃⶽ 2 Y
1. ᴵⳂ೼㡖⚍IˈЁ䯈ԡ㕂˄㾕KEYOPT(9)˅੠㡖⚍J໘䞡໡DŽ
2. བᵰKEYOPT(6)=1DŽ
3. ⫼*GETᴵⳂৃҹ㦋ᕫ䋼ᖗԡ㕂ⱘ㒧ᵰDŽ

ϟ 㸼 ߫ ߎ њ ETABLE ੑ Ҹ ৃ ҹ Փ ⫼ ⱘ 䕧 ߎ 䞣 ᴵ Ⳃ 㓪 ো DŽ ᑊ Ϩ Փ ⫼ ϟ 䴶 䆄 ো
˄KEYOPT(9)=0˅˖

㸼1.6 ETABLE੠ESOLੑҸৃҹՓ⫼ⱘBEAM3˄KEYOPT(9)=0ᯊ˅ऩ‫ⱘܗ‬ᴵⳂ੠ᑣ߫ো
ৡ ⿄ ᴵ Ⳃ E I J
SDIR LS  1 4
SBYT LS  2 5
SBYB LS  3 6
EPELDIR LEPEL  1 4
EPELBYT LEPEL  2 5
EPELBYB LEPEL  3 6
EPTHDIR LEPTH  1 4
EPTHBYT LEPTH  2 5
EPTHBYB LEPTH  3 6

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 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

˄㓁˅
ৡ ⿄ ᴵ Ⳃ E I J
EPINAXL LEPTH  - -
SMAX NMISC  1 3
SMIN NMISC  2 4
MFORX SMISC  1 7
MFORY SMISC  2 8
MMOMZ SMISC  6 12
P1 SMISC  13 14
OFFST1 SMISC  15 16
P2 SMISC  17 18
OFFST2 SMISC  19 20
P3 SMISC  21 -
P4 SMISC  - 22

3.5 ‫؛‬ᅮ੠䰤ࠊ
ṕऩ‫ৃܗ‬ҹ‫݋‬᳝ӏԩᔶᓣⱘ῾៾䴶ᔶ⢊ˈা㽕῾៾䴶ⱘᛃᗻⶽৃҹ䅵ㅫˈህৃҹ⫼DŽ
Ԛᰃ೼ᑨ࡯䅵ㅫᯊˈᘏᰃ‫؛‬ᅮ䎱⾏Ёᗻ䕈᳔䖰ⱘϔञ៾䴶催ᑺ໘ᑨ࡯᳔໻ˈϨᭈϾ៾䴶Ϟ
ᑨ࡯Ϣ䆹⚍ࠄЁᗻ䕈ⱘ䎱⾏៤㒓ᗻ݇㋏DŽऩ‫ܗ‬催ᑺা⫼Ѣᔃ᳆ᑨ࡯੠⛁ᑨ࡯ⱘ䅵ㅫDŽ⛁ẃ
ᑺᘏᰃ‫؛‬ᅮ⊓ⴔ៾䴶催ᑺ੠ṕⱘ䭓ᑺ៤㒓ᗻߚᏗDŽṕऩ‫ܗ‬ᖙ乏ԡѢX-Yᑇ䴶Ϩ䭓ᑺ੠䴶⿃
ഛϡ㛑ㄝѢ0DŽབᵰ≵᳝Փ⫼໻বᔶᬜᑨˈ߭ᛃᗻⶽৃҹㄝѢ0DŽ

4. 3-Dᔍᗻṕऩ‫ܗ‬BEAM4

4.1 ऩ‫ܗ‬䇈ᯢ
BEAM4ऩ‫ܗ‬ᰃৃҹ㗗㰥ᢝԌˈय़㓽ˈᡁ䕀੠ᔃ᳆㛑࡯ⱘ㒓ऩ‫ܗ‬DŽऩ‫ܗ‬೼↣Ͼ㡖⚍‫݋‬᳝
6Ͼ㡖⚍㞾⬅ᑺ˖3Ͼ⊓ⴔxˈy੠zᮍ৥ᑇ⿏㞾⬅ᑺ੠㒩xˈy੠z䕈䕀ࡼ㞾⬅ᑺDŽৃҹࣙ৿ᑨ
࡯ᔎ࣪੠໻বᔶᬜᑨDŽ䫹ᔶ䴲ᇍ⿄ᔍᗻṕऩ‫ܗ‬ᰃBEAM44੠ϝ㓈ลᗻṕऩ‫ܗ‬ᰃBEAM24DŽ

4.2 䕧᭄ܹ᥂
BEAM4ऩ‫޴ⱘܗ‬ԩᔶ⢊ǃ㡖⚍ԡ㕂੠തᷛ㋏བ೒1.7᠔⼎DŽ䆹ऩ‫⬅ܗ‬2Ͼ㡖⚍៪㗙3Ͼ
㡖⚍ˈ῾៾䴶䴶⿃ˈϸϾЏ䕈ᮍ৥ⱘᛃᗻⶽ˄IZZ੠IYY˅ˈϸϾᮍ৥Ϟⱘ८ᑺ˄TKY੠TKZ˅ˈ
ϔϾЏ䕈ᮍԡ㾦˄¬˅ˈᡁ䕀ᛃᗻⶽ˄IXX˅੠ᴤ᭭খ᭄ᴹᅮНDŽབᵰᡁ䕀ᛃᗻⶽIXX≵᳝
ᣛᅮˈ៪㗙ㄝѢ0ˈ߭‫؛‬ᅮᅗㄝѢᵕᛃᗻⶽ˄IYY+IZZ˅DŽIXXᑨ䆹পℷؐϨ䗮ᐌᇣѢᵕᛃ
ᗻⶽDŽऩ‫ܗ‬ᡁ䕀߮ᑺӮ䱣ⴔIXXؐⱘ䰡Ԣ㗠䰡ԢDŽऩ‫ܗ‬䭓ᑺⱘ䰘ࡴ䋼䞣ৃҹ⫼ADDMASؐ
ᴹ䕧ܹDŽ

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ऩ‫ܗ‬x䕈Ң㡖⚍Iᣛ৥㡖⚍JDŽᇍѢϸϾ㡖⚍ᅮН䗝乍ˈ咬䅸˄¬=0e˅ⱘऩ‫ܗ‬y䕈ⱘᮍ
ԡᑇ㸠ѢᭈԧX-Yᑇ䴶DŽ䗮ᐌՓ⫼ⱘ޴⾡ऩ‫ܗ‬ᮍԡ⼎Ѣ೒1.7ЁDŽᇍѢऩ‫ܗ‬䕈㒓ᑇ㸠Ѣᭈԧ
തᷛ㋏ⱘZ䕈˄៪㗙ؒ᭰⥛ᇣѢ0.01ˁ˅ˈऩ‫ܗ‬y䕈ⱘᮍԡᑇ㸠Ѣᭈԧതᷛ㋏ⱘY䕈˄㾕೒1.7˅DŽ
ᇍѢ⫼᠋㞾Ꮕ䕧ܹऩ‫ܗ‬x䕈ⱘᮍԡˈՓ⫼¬㾦˄THETA˅៪㗙㄀3Ͼ㡖⚍䗝乍DŽབᵰϸϾখ
᭄䛑ᅮНњˈ߭㄀3Ͼ㡖⚍䗝乍Ӭ‫ܜ‬Փ⫼DŽབᵰՓ⫼њ㄀3Ͼ㡖⚍˄K˅ˈ߭ᅗৃҹᅮНϔ
Ͼᑇ䴶˄੠I੠Jϔ䍋˅ࣙ৿ऩ‫ܗ‬x੠z䕈˄㾕೒1.7˅DŽབᵰ䖭Ͼऩ‫⫼ܗ‬Ѣ໻বᔶߚᵤˈᑨ䆹
⊼ᛣ㄀3Ͼ㡖⚍˄K˅ˈ៪㗙㾦ᑺ˄THETA˅া⫼Ѣ⹂ᅮ߱ྟⱘऩ‫ܗ‬ᮍԡDŽ

೒1.7 3-Dᔍᗻṕऩ‫ܗ‬BEAM4

ऩ‫ྟ߱ⱘܗ‬ᑨব˄ISTRN˅ᰃ䗮䖛/LᴹᅮНⱘˈ݊Ёⱘᰃऩ‫ܗ‬䭓ᑺⱘব࣪䞣ˈLᰃ
ऩ‫≵ܗ‬᳝বᔶᯊⱘ䭓ᑺ˄䗮䖛I੠J㡖⚍ԡ㕂ᴹ⹂ᅮ˅DŽ
࠾ߛবᔶᐌ᭄˄SHEARZ੠SHEARY˅া䳔㽕೼㗗㰥࠾ߛবᔶᯊՓ⫼DŽㄝѢ0ⱘ࠾ߛᐌ
᭄㹿䅸Ўᰃ㽕ᗑ⬹Ⳍᑨᮍ৥ⱘ࠾ߛবᔶDŽ
KEYOPT(2)䗝乍⫼Ѣ▔⌏೼໻বᔶߚᵤ[NLGEOMˈON]Ёⱘϔ㟈ⱘߛ㒓߮ᑺⶽ䰉ࡳ㛑
˄े˖Џߛ㒓߮ᑺⶽ䰉੠ϔ㟈ᑨ࡯߮ᑺⶽ䰉ⱘⶽ䰉੠˅DŽ
ऩ‫ܗ‬㥋䕑ࣙᣀ㡖⚍㥋䕑੠ऩ‫ܗ‬㥋䕑DŽऩ‫ܗ‬㸼䴶ⱘ㸼䴶य़࡯㥋䕑ⱘᮍ৥ᣝ೒1.7Ёⱘᏺ೜
᭄ᄫⱘᮍ৥ᴹᅮНDŽℷय़࡯԰⫼೼ऩ‫ܗ‬ϞDŽ
∈ᑇय़࡯ᅮНЎ԰⫼೼ऩԡ䭓ᑺϞⱘ࡯DŽッ⚍य़࡯ᅲ䰙ᰃᣝ∈ᑇ࡯ᴹ䕧ܹDŽ
KEYOPT(10)‫ܕ‬䆌㒓ᔶব࣪ⱘ∈ᑇय़࡯DŽ
KEYOPT(9)⫼Ѣᣛᅮ೼Ё䯈䕧ߎ䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰˈԚᰃᔧᑨ࡯ᔎ࣪[SSTIF, ON]ᓔ݇ᠧᓔᯊᰃ
ϡ㛑Փ⫼ⱘDŽᑨ࡯ᔎ࣪⫼[SSTIFˈON]ᠧᓔDŽ
໮Ͼ㾦䗳ᑺ⫼[OMEGA] 䕧ܹDŽ݊Ҫ㾦䗳ᑺ੠㾦ࡴ䗳ᑺ⫼CGOMGAˈDOMEGA៪
DCGOMGੑҸ䕧ܹDŽ

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4.3 BEAM4ऩ‫ܗ‬䕧᭄ܹ᥂ᨬ㽕
ऩ‫ܗ‬ৡ⿄ BEAM4
㡖⚍ IˈJˈK˄ᅮԡ㡖⚍Kৃ䗝˅
㡖⚍㞾⬅ᑺ UXˈUYˈUZˈROTXˈROTYˈROTZ
ᅲᐌ᭄ AREAˈIZZˈIYYˈTKZˈTKYˈTHETAˈISTRNˈIXXˈSHEARZˈSHEARYˈ
SPINˈADDMAS
ᴤ᭭খ᭄ EXˈALPXˈDENSˈGXYˈDAMP
㸼䴶㥋䕑 य़࡯ –㸼䴶1(I-J)˄Z ⊩㒓ᮍ৥˅ˈ㸼䴶2(I-J)˄Y ⊩㒓ᮍ৥˅ˈ㸼䴶3(I-J)˄+X ߛ
㒓ᮍ৥˅ˈ㸼䴶4(I)˄+X 䕈㒓ᮍ৥˅ˈ㸼䴶5(J)˄X 䕈㒓ᮍ৥˅˄ᇍѢড৥ⱘ㥋
䕑⫼䋳ؐ䕧ܹ˅
ԧ㥋䕑 ⏽ᑺ -- T1ˈT2ˈT3ˈT4ˈT5ˈT6ˈT7ˈT8
⡍⅞ࡳ㛑 ᑨ࡯ᔎ࣪ˈ໻বᔶˈऩ‫⌏⅏ܗ‬
KEYOPT(2) 0 – ᔧᠧᓔ໻বᔶNLGEOM䗝乍ᯊˈাՓ⫼Џߛ㒓߮ᑺⶽ䰉DŽ˄ᑨ࡯ᔎ࣪ᬜᑨ⫼
Ѣ㒓ᗻሜ᳆ߚᵤ੠݊Ҫ㒓ᗻ乘ᑨ࡯ߚᵤᯊˈᑨ䆹ऩ⣀⫼ĀPSTRESˈONāᓔ݇ᠧᓔ
乘ᑨ࡯䗝乍˅
1 – ᔧNLGEOMᠧᓔᯊˈՓ⫼ϔ㟈ⱘߛ㒓߮ᑺⶽ䰉˄े˖Џߛ㒓߮ᑺⶽ䰉੠ϔ㟈
ᑨ࡯߮ᑺⶽ䰉ⱘⶽ䰉੠˅DŽ˄ᔧKEYOPT(2)=1㹿▔⌏ᯊĀSSTIFˈONāᇚ߿ᗑ⬹˅DŽ
2 – ᔧSOLCONTROLᠧᓔᯊˈ݇䯁ᐌ᭄ⱘߛ㒓߮ᑺⶽ䰉˄े˖Џߛ㒓߮ᑺⶽ䰉੠
ϔ㟈ᑨ࡯߮ᑺⶽ䰉ⱘⶽ䰉੠˅
KEYOPT(6) 0 – ϡᰒ⼎㝰࡯៪㗙࡯ⶽ
1 – ᰒ⼎೼ऩ‫ܗ‬തᷛ㋏Ёⱘ㝰࡯੠࡯ⶽ
KEYOPT(7) 0 – ϡ䅵ಲ䕀Ҿ䰏ሐⶽ䰉
1 – 㗗㰥ಲ䕀Ҿ䰏ሐⶽ䰉DŽᅲᐌ᭄SPINᖙ乏໻Ѣ0DŽIYYᖙ乏ㄝѢIZZDŽ
KEYOPT(9) ᥻ࠊI੠J⚍Ё䯈ⱘ㡖⚍ⱘ㒧ᵰ䕧ߎ
N --䕧ߎЁ䯈NϾԡ㕂˄N=0ˈ1ˈ3ˈ5ˈ7ˈ9˅
KEYOPT(10) ⫼ѢSFBEAMੑҸᣛᅮⱘ㒓ᗻ㸼䴶㥋䕑DŽ
0 -- ऩԡ䭓ᑺ㥋䕑ⱘԡ㕂ᣝ䭓ᑺ‫⿏أ‬䞣ᅮН
1 -- ऩԡ䭓ᑺ㥋䕑ⱘԡ㕂ᣝ䭓ᑺ↨ؐ˄0.0 to 1.0˅‫⿏أ‬䞣ᴹᅮН
⊼˖SHEARZ੠IZZϔ䍋Փ⫼DŽབᵰSHEARZ=0ˈ߭ऩ‫ܗ‬Yᮍ৥ⱘ࠾ߛবᔶϡ䅵DŽSHEARY੠IYYϔ䍋
Փ⫼DŽབᵰSHEARY=0ˈ߭ऩ‫ܗ‬Zᮍ৥ⱘ࠾ߛবᔶϡ䅵DŽ

4.4 䕧ߎ᭄᥂
Ϣऩ‫ܗ‬㒧ᵰⳌ㘨㋏ⱘ㒧ᵰ䕧ߎЏ㽕᳝ϸ⾡ᔶᓣ˖
(1) ࠋԤสྭۤൎပࠋԤࠒ‫ڴ‬d
(2) Ӧ၍ࠒ‫ڴ‬೛ѻζᄯٓѻԅ‫ަؘ‬ԅӦ၍೛ѻd
ᑨ࡯䕧ߎ᳝޴ϾᴵⳂDŽ㒧ᵰ䕧ߎⱘϔ㠀䇈ᯢ೼㒧ᵰ䕧ߎ㸼Ё㒭ߎDŽ
᳔໻ᑨ࡯ᣝ✻䕈࡯੠ᔃ᳆ᑨ࡯ⱘ໻ᇣⱘ঴ࡴؐDŽ᳔ᇣᑨ࡯ᰃ䕈৥ᑨ࡯੠ᔃ᳆ᑨ࡯ⱘؐ

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Ⳍ‫ޣ‬DŽ㒧ᵰ䕧ߎⱘϔ㠀䇈ᯢ೼㒧ᵰ䕧ߎ㸼Ё㒭ߎDŽ

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೒1.8 ぎ䯈ṕऩ‫ܗ‬BEAM4ⱘᑨ࡯䕧ߎ

㸼1.7 3-Dṕऩ‫ܗ‬BEAM4ⱘ㒧ᵰ䕧ߎ
ৡ ⿄ ᅮ Н O R
EL ऩ‫ܗ‬ো Y Y
NODES ऩ‫ܗ‬㡖⚍㓪ো˄I੠J˅ Y Y
MAT ऩ‫ܗ‬ᴤ᭭㓪ো Y Y
VOLU: ऩ‫ܗ‬ԧ⿃ - Y
XC, YC, ZC 㒧ᵰ䕧ߎԡ㕂 Y 3
TEMP ⿃ߚ⚍໘ⱘ⏽ᑺT1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8 Y Y
PRES 㡖⚍I,Jⱘय़࡯P1; OFFST1 at I,J; P2 at I,J; OFFST2 at I,J; P3 at I,J; Y Y
OFFST3 at I,J; P4 at I; P5 at J
SDIR 䕈৥ᑨ࡯ 1 1
SBYT ṕऩ‫ܗ‬+Yϔջⱘᔃ᳆ᑨ࡯ 1 1
SBYB ṕऩ‫ܗ‬Yϔջⱘᔃ᳆ᑨ࡯ 1 1
SBZT ṕऩ‫ܗ‬+Zϔջⱘᔃ᳆ᑨ࡯ 1 1
SBZB ṕऩ‫ܗ‬Zϔջⱘᔃ᳆ᑨ࡯ 1 1
SMAX ᳔໻ᑨ࡯˄䕈৥ᑨ࡯+ ᔃ᳆ᑨ࡯˅ 1 1
SMIN ᳔ᇣᑨ࡯˄䕈৥ᑨ࡯- ᔃ᳆ᑨ࡯˅ 1 1
EPELDIR ッ䚼ⱘ䕈৥ᔍᗻᑨব 1 1
EPELBYT ṕऩ‫ܗ‬+Yϔջⱘᔃ᳆ᔍᗻᑨব 1 1
EPELBYB ṕऩ‫ܗ‬Yϔջⱘᔃ᳆ᔍᗻᑨব 1 1
EPELBZT ṕऩ‫ܗ‬+Zϔջⱘᔃ᳆ᔍᗻᑨব 1 1
EPELBZB ṕऩ‫ܗ‬Zϔջⱘᔃ᳆ᔍᗻᑨব 1 1
EPTHDIR ッ䚼ⱘ䕈৥⛁ᑨব 1 1
EPTHBYT ṕऩ‫ܗ‬+Yϔջⱘᔃ᳆⛁ᑨব 1 1
EPTHBYB ṕऩ‫ܗ‬Yϔջⱘᔃ᳆⛁ᑨব 1 1
EPTHBZT ṕऩ‫ܗ‬+Zϔջⱘᔃ᳆⛁ᑨব 1 1
EPTHBZB ṕऩ‫ܗ‬Zϔջⱘᔃ᳆⛁ᑨব 1 1
EPINAXL ऩ‫ܗ‬Ёⱘ߱ྟᑨব 1 1

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˄㓁˅
ৡ ⿄ ᅮ Н O R
MFOR(X, Y, Z) ऩ‫ܗ‬തᷛ㋏X, Y, Zᮍ৥ⱘ㝰࡯ 2 Y
MMOM(X, Y, Z) ऩ‫ܗ‬തᷛ㋏X, Y, Z ᮍ৥ⱘ㝰࡯ⶽ 2 Y
1. ᴵⳂ೼㡖⚍I໘ˈЁ䯈ԡ㕂˄㾕KEYOPT(9)˅੠㡖⚍J໘䞡໡DŽ
2. བᵰKEYOPT(6)=1ᯊৃ⫼DŽ
3. ⫼*GETᴵⳂৃҹ㦋ᕫ䋼ᖗԡ㕂ⱘ㒧ᵰDŽ

ϟ 㸼 ߫ ߎ њ ETABLE ੑ Ҹ ৃ ҹ Փ ⫼ ⱘ 䕧 ߎ 䞣 ᴵ Ⳃ 㓪 ো DŽ ᑊ Ϩ Փ ⫼ ϟ 䴶 䆄 ো
˄KEYOPT(9)=0˅˖
㸼1.8 ⫼ѢETABLE੠ESOLੑҸⱘBEAM4˄KEYOPT(9)=0˅ⱘᴵⳂ੠ᑣ߫㓪ো

KEYOPT(9)=0
ৡ ⿄ ᴵ Ⳃ E I J
SDIR LS - 1 6
SBYT LS - 2 7
SBYB LS - 3 8
SBZT LS - 4 9
SBZB LS - 5 10
EPELDIR LEPEL - 1 6
EPELBYT LEPEL - 2 7
EPELBYB LEPEL - 3 8
EPELBZT LEPEL - 4 9
EPELBZB LEPEL - 5 10
SMAX NMISC - 1 3
SMIN NMISC - 2 4
EPTHDIR LEPTH - 1 6
EPTHBYT LEPTH - 2 7
EPTHBYB LEPTH - 3 8
EPTHBZT LEPTH - 4 9
EPTHBZB LEPTH - 5 10
EPINAXL LEPTH 11 - -
MFORX SMISC - 1 7
MFORY SMISC - 2 8
MFORZ SMISC - 3 9
MMOMX SMISC - 4 10
MMOMY SMISC - 5 11
MMOMZ SMISC - 6 12
P1 SMISC - 13 14
OFFST1 SMISC - 15 16
P2 SMISC - 17 18
OFFST2 SMISC - 19 20

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˄㓁˅
ৡ ⿄ ᴵ Ⳃ E I J
P3 SMISC - 21 22
OFFST3 SMISC - 23 24
P4 SMISC - 25 -
P5 SMISC - - 26

4.5 ‫؛‬ᅮ੠䰤ࠊ
ṕⱘ䭓ᑺ੠䴶⿃ϡ㛑ㄝѢ0DŽṕऩ‫ৃܗ‬ҹ‫݋‬᳝ӏԩᔶᓣⱘ῾៾䴶ᔶ⢊ˈা㽕῾៾䴶ⱘᛃ
ᗻⶽৃҹ䅵ㅫˈህৃҹ⫼DŽԚᰃ೼ᑨ࡯䅵ㅫᯊˈᘏᰃ‫؛‬ᅮ䎱⾏Ёᗻ䕈᳔䖰ⱘϔञ៾䴶催ᑺ
໘ᑨ࡯᳔໻ˈϨᭈϾ៾䴶Ϟᑨ࡯Ϣ䆹⚍ࠄЁᗻ䕈ⱘ䎱⾏៤㒓ᗻ݇㋏DŽ
ऩ‫ܗ‬८ᑺা⫼Ѣᔃ᳆ᑨ࡯੠⛁ᑨ࡯ⱘ䅵ㅫDŽ⛁ẃᑺᘏᰃ‫؛‬ᅮ⊓ⴔ៾䴶催ᑺ੠ṕⱘ䭓ᑺ
៤㒓ᗻߚᏗDŽབᵰԴ೼Փ⫼ϔ㟈ⱘߛ㒓߮ᑺⶽ䰉˄KEYOPT(2)=1˅ˈ㽕⹂䅸Փ⫼ᅲ䰙ⱘऩ
‫ܗ‬ᅲᐌ᭄DŽ

5. 2-D㒧ᵘ೎ԧऩ‫ܗ‬PLANE42

5.1 ऩ‫ܗ‬䇈ᯢ
PLANE42⫼ѢѠ㓈೎ԧ㒧ᵘ῵ൟDŽऩ‫ৃܗ‬ҹ⫼Ѣᑇ䴶ऩ‫˄ܗ‬ᑇ䴶ᑨ࡯៪㗙ᑇ䴶ᑨব˅ˈ
៪㗙䕈ᇍ⿄ऩ‫ܗ‬DŽऩ‫ܗ‬䗮䖛4Ͼ㡖⚍ᴹᅮНˈ↣Ͼ㡖⚍᳝2Ͼ⊓ⴔx੠yᮍ৥ⱘᑇ⿏㞾⬅ᑺDŽ
ऩ‫݋ܗ‬᳝ลᗻˈ㷩বˈ㝼㚔ˈᑨ࡯ᔎ࣪ˈ໻বᔶ੠໻ᑨব㛑࡯DŽ
᳝ϔϾ䗝乍ৃҹࣙ৿៪㗙ϡࣙ৿䰘ࡴⱘԡ⿏ᔶߑ᭄DŽ

೒1.9 2-D㒧ᵘ೎ԧऩ‫ܗ‬PLANE42

5.2 䕧᭄ܹ᥂
䆹ऩ‫޴ⱘܗ‬ԩᔶ⢊ˈ㡖⚍ԡ㕂੠തᷛ㋏⼎Ѣ೒1.9ЁDŽऩ‫ܗ‬䕧᭄ܹ᥂ࣙᣀ4Ͼ㡖⚍ˈϔ
Ͼ८ᑺ˄ᇍᑇ䴶ᑨ࡯䗝乍˅੠৘৥ৠᗻⱘᴤ᭭খ᭄DŽ৘৥ৠᗻᴤ᭭ᮍ৥ᇍᑨѢऩ‫ܗ‬തᷛ㋏

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ᮍ৥DŽ
ऩ‫ܗ‬㥋䕑ࣙᣀ㡖⚍㥋䕑੠ऩ‫ܗ‬㥋䕑DŽऩ‫ܗ‬㸼䴶ⱘ㸼䴶य़࡯㥋䕑ⱘᮍ৥ᣝ೒1.9Ёⱘᏺ೜
᭄ᄫⱘᮍ৥ᴹᅮНDŽℷय़࡯԰⫼೼ऩ‫ܗ‬ϞDŽ
བᵰ᳝㡖⚍࡯ˈᇍѢᑇ䴶ߚᵤᑨ䆹ᣝऩԡ८ᑺϞⱘ㥋䕑䕧ܹ˄KEYOPT(3)=3䰸໪˅ˈ
ᇍѢ䕈ᇍ⿄ߚᵤᑨ䆹ᣝ360ᑺϔ਼ⱘ㥋䕑䕧ܹDŽ
KEYOPT(2)⫼Ѣᣛᅮࣙᣀ៪ϡࣙᣀ䰘ࡴⱘԡ⿏ᔶߑ᭄DŽ
KEYOPT(5)੠KEYOPT(6)ᦤկϡৠⱘऩ‫ܗ‬䕧ߎ䗝乍DŽ
KEYOPT(9)=1⫼ѢҢ⫼᠋㞾ᅮНⱘᄤ⿟ᑣЁ䇏ߎབ߱ྟᑨ࡯᭄᥂DŽ

5.3 PLANE42ऩ‫ܗ‬䕧᭄ܹ᥂ᨬ㽕
ऩ‫ܗ‬ৡ⿄ PLANE42
㡖⚍ I, J, K, L
㡖⚍㞾⬅ᑺ UX, UY
ᅲᐌ᭄ བᵰKEYOPT(3)=0ˈ1៪2ˈ≵᳝ᅲᐌ᭄˗
བᵰKEYOPT(3)=3ˈᅲᐌ᭄ህᰃ८ᑺDŽ
ᴤ᭭খ᭄ EX, EY, EZ,(PRXY, PRYZ, PRXZ ៪㗙NUXY, NUYZ, NUXZ)ˈALPX, ALPY,ALPZ,
DENS, GXY, DAMP
㸼䴶㥋䕑 य़࡯s --㸼䴶1(J-I)ˈ㸼䴶2(K-J)ˈ㸼䴶3(L-K)ˈ㸼䴶4(I-L)
ԧ㥋䕑 ⏽ᑺ -- T(I)ˈT(J)ˈT(K)ˈT(L)˗⛁⌕䞣 -- FL(I)ˈFL(J)ˈFL(K)ˈFL(L)
⡍⅞ࡳ㛑 ลᗻˈ㷩বˈ㝼㚔ˈᑨ࡯ᔎ࣪ˈ໻বᔶˈ໻ᑨবˈऩ‫⌏⅏ܗ‬
KEYOPT(1) 0 -- ऩ‫ܗ‬തᷛ㋏ᑇ㸠Ѣᭈԧതᷛ㋏
1 -- ऩ‫ܗ‬തᷛ㋏ᣝऩ‫ܗ‬I-JϔջᴹᅮН
KEYOPT(2) 0 – ࣙᣀ䰘ࡴⱘԡ⿏ᔶߑ᭄
1 – ϡࣙᣀ䰘ࡴⱘԡ⿏ᔶߑ᭄
KEYOPT(3) 0 --ᑇ䴶ᑨ࡯
1 -- 䕈ᇍ⿄ⱘ
2 -- ᑇ䴶ᑨব˄Zᮍ৥ᑨব=0.0˅
3 -- ᳝८ᑺ䕧ܹⱘᑇ䴶ᑨ࡯䯂乬
KEYOPT(5) 0 – ෎ᴀऩ‫ܗ‬㾷
1 -- ೼᠔᳝⿃ߚ⚍Ϟ䞡໡෎ᴀ㾷
2 -- 㡖⚍ᑨ࡯㾷
KEYOPT(6) 0 – ෎ᴀऩ‫ܗ‬㾷
1 -- 㸼䴶I-Jⱘ㸼䴶㾷
2 -- 㸼䴶I-J੠K-Lⱘ㸼䴶㾷DŽ˄াᇍ㒓ᗻᴤ᳝᭭㸼䴶㾷˅
3 – ↣Ͼ⿃ߚ⚍ⱘ䴲㒓ᗻ㾷DŽ
4 -- ᳝䴲䳊य़࡯ⱘ㸼䴶㾷
KEYOPT(9) 0 -- ≵᳝ᦤկ߱ྟᑨ࡯ⱘ⫼᠋ᄤ⿟ᑣ˄咬䅸ᚙ‫˅މ‬
1 -- Ң⫼᠋ᄤ⿟ᑣЁ䇏ܹ߱ྟᑨ࡯᭄᥂

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5.4 䕧ߎ᭄᥂
Ϣऩ‫ܗ‬㒧ᵰⳌ㘨㋏ⱘ㒧ᵰ䕧ߎЏ㽕᳝ϸ⾡ᔶᓣ˖
(1) ࠋԤสྭۤൎပࠋԤࠒ‫ڴ‬d
(2) Ӧ၍ࠒ‫ڴ‬೛ѻζᄯٓѻԅ‫ަؘ‬ԅӦ၍೛ѻd
ᑨ࡯䕧ߎ᳝޴ϾᴵⳂˈϔ㠀䇈ᯢ೼㒧ᵰ䕧ߎ㸼Ё㒭ߎDŽ
ऩ‫ܗ‬ᑨ࡯ᮍ৥ᑇ㸠Ѣऩ‫ܗ‬തᷛ㋏DŽ㸼䴶ᑨ࡯೼᠔᳝㸼䴶Ϟ䛑ᰃৃҹՓ⫼ⱘDŽ↨བˈ㸼
䴶IJⱘ㸼䴶ᑨ࡯ᅮНЎᑇ㸠Ѣ៪㗙ൖⳈѢIJ㒓ˈᑊ⊓ⴔZ䕈ᮍ৥˄ᇍᑇ䴶ߚᵤ˅ˈ៪㗙⊓ⴔ
⦃৥˄ᇍ䕈ᇍ⿄ߚᵤ˅DŽ
ᇍѢKEYOPT(1)=0ᚙ‫ⱘމ‬ᑨ࡯ᮍ৥ˈབ೒1.10᠔⼎DŽ

೒1.10 ᑇ䴶ऩ‫ܗ‬PLANE42ⱘᑨ࡯䕧ߎ

㸼1.9 PLANE42ऩ‫ܗ‬㒧ᵰ䕧ߎ乍ᅮН

ৡ ⿄ ᅮ Н O R
ELa ऩ‫ܗ‬ো Y Y
NODES 㡖⚍ -- I, J, K, L Y Y
MAT ᴤ᭭㓪ো Y Y
THICK ᑇഛ८ᑺ Y Y
VOLU: ԧ⿃ Y Y
XC, YC 㒧ᵰ䕧ߎԡ㕂 Y 3
PRES य़࡯P1 at㡖⚍J,I; P2 at K,J; P3 at L,K; P4 at I,L Y Y
TEMP ⏽ᑺ T(I), T(J), T(K), T(L) Y Y
FLUEN ⛁⌕䞣 FL(I), FL(J), FL(K), FL(L) Y Y
S: X, Y, Z, XY ᑨ࡯(ᇍᑇ䴶ᑨ࡯ऩ‫ܗ‬SZ=0.0) Y Y
S: 1, 2, 3 Џᑨ࡯ Y -
S: INT ᑨ࡯ᔎᑺ Y -
S: EQV ㄝᬜMisesᑨ࡯ Y Y
EPEL: X, Y, Z, XY ᔍᗻᑨব Y Y
EPEL: 1, 2, 3 Џᔍᗻᑨব Y -
EPEL: EQV ㄝᬜᔍᗻᑨব[4] - Y

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˄㓁˅
ৡ ⿄ ᅮ Н O R
EPTH: X, Y, Z, XY ᑇഛ⛁ᑨব Y Y
EPTH: EQV ㄝᬜ⛁ᑨব[4] - Y
EPPL: X, Y, Z, XY ลᗻᑨব 1 1
EPPL: EQV ㄝᬜลᗻᑨব[4] - 1
EPCR: X, Y, Z, XY 㷩বᑨব 1 1
EPCR: EQV ㄝᬜ㷩বᑨব[4] - 1
EPSW: 㝼㚔ᑨব 1 1
NL: EPEQ ㄝᬜลᗻᑨব 1 1
NL: SRAT ሜ᳡䴶Ϟⱘ䗍ᑨ࡯੠ᑨ࡯П↨ 1 1
NL: SEPL ㄝᬜMisesᑨ࡯ onᑨ࡯-ᑨব᳆㒓 1 1
NL: HPRES 䴭∈य़࡯  1
FACE 㸼䴶label 2 2
EPEL(PAR,PER, Z) 㸼䴶ᔍᗻᑨব˄ᑇ㸠, ൖⳈ, Z៪㗙⦃৥) 2 2
TEMP 㸼䴶ᑇഛ⏽ᑺ 2 2
S(PAR,PER,Z) 㸼䴶ᑨ࡯˄ᑇ㸠, ൖⳈ, Z ៪㗙⦃৥˅ 2 2
SINT 㸼䴶ᑨ࡯ᔎᑺ 2 2
SEQV 㸼䴶ㄝᬜMisesᑨ࡯ 2 2
LOCI: X, Y, Z ⿃ߚ⚍ԡ㕂 - Y
1. ᔧऩ‫݋ܗ‬᳝䴲㒓ᗻᴤ᭭ᯊˈ᳝䴲㒓ᗻ㾷䕧ߎDŽ
2. 㸼䴶䕧ߎ˄བᵰKEYOPT(6)ᰃ1ˈ2៪㗙4˅DŽ
3. ⫼*GETᴵⳂৃҹ㦋ᕫ䋼ᖗԡ㕂ⱘ㒧ᵰDŽ

ㄝᬜᑨবᰃ⫼ㄝᬜ⊞ᵒ↨ᴹ䅵ㅫⱘ˖ᇍѢᔍᗻ੠⛁䯂乬ˈ䖭Ͼؐ⬅˄MP,PRXY˅䕧ܹ˗
ᇍѢลᗻ੠㷩বˈ䖭Ͼؐপ0.5DŽ

㸼1.10 ᑇ䴶ऩ‫ܗ‬PLANE42ⱘᴖ乍䕧ߎ
䇈 ᯢ ᴵⳂ䕧ߎৡ⿄ O R
䴲㒓ᗻ⿃ߚ⚍Ϟⱘ㾷 EPPL, EPEQ, SRAT, SEPL, HPRES, EPCR, EPSW 1 -
⿃ߚ⚍㾷 TEMP, SINT, SEQV, EPEL, S 2 -
㡖⚍ⱘᑨ࡯㾷 TEMP, S, SINT, SEQV 3 -
1. བᵰऩ‫ܗ‬ᰃ䴲㒓ᗻᴤ᭭ϨKEYOPT(6)=3ˈ㒧ᵰᇚ೼↣Ͼ⿃ߚ⚍Ϟ䕧ߎDŽ
2. བᵰKEYOPT(5)=1ˈ㒧ᵰᇚ೼↣Ͼ⿃ߚ⚍Ϟ䕧ߎDŽ
3. བᵰKEYOPT(5)=2ˈ㒧ᵰᇚ೼↣Ͼ㡖⚍Ϟ䕧ߎDŽ

⊼˖ᇍѢKEYOPT(1)=0ⱘ䕈ᇍ⿄㾷ˈXˈYˈZ੠XYᑨ࡯੠ᑨব㒧ᵰߚ߿ᇍᑨѢᕘ৥ˈ
䕈৥ˈ⦃৥੠䴶‫ߛ࠾ݙ‬ᑨ࡯੠ᑨবDŽ
ৃ⫼ѢETABLE੠ESOLੑҸⱘᴵⳂ੠ᴵⳂ㓪োབ㸼1.11᠔⼎DŽ
IˈJˈKˈL -- ᭄᥂ⱘᴵⳂ㓪োᇍᑨ೼㡖⚍IˈJˈKˈL৘⚍໘ⱘؐDŽ

632
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

㸼1.11 ⫼ѢETABLE੠ESOLੑҸⱘPLANE42ऩ‫ⱘܗ‬ᴵⳂ੠ᑣ߫㓪ো
ৡ ⿄ ᴵ Ⳃ E I J K L
P1 SMISC  2 1 - -
P2 SMISC  - 4 3 -
P3 SMISC  - - 6 5
P4 SMISC  7 - - 8
S:1 NMISC  1 6 11 16
S:2 NMISC  2 7 12 17
S:3 NMISC - 3 8 13 18
S:INT NMISC - 4 9 14 19
S:EQV NMISC - 5 10 15 20
FLUEN NMISC - 21 22 23 24
THICK NMISC 25 - - - -

5.5 ‫؛‬ᅮ੠䰤ࠊ
ऩ‫ܗ‬䴶⿃ᖙ乏䴲䳊DŽऩ‫ܗ‬ᖙ乏ԡѢX-Yᑇ䴶‫ˈݙ‬㗠ϨᇍѢ䕈ᇍ⿄ߚᵤˈY䕈ᖙ乏ᰃᇍ⿄
䕈DŽ䕈ᇍ⿄㒧ᵘᑨ䆹೼+XϔջᅮН῵ൟDŽ
ϝ㾦ᔶऩ‫ৃܗ‬ҹ⫼K੠L㡖⚍䞡ড়ᴹᅮНDŽ䖭ḋⱘऩ‫ܗ‬ᔶߑ᭄Ӯ㞾ࡼ䗔࣪Ўᐌ᭄ᑨবऩ
‫ܗ‬㒧ᵰDŽ㸼䴶ᑨ࡯㒧ᵰা᳝೼⒵䎇㸼ЁⱘⳌᑨᴵӊᯊᠡৃ⫼DŽ

6. 3-D㒧ᵘ೎ԧऩ‫ܗ‬SOLID45

6.1 ऩ‫ܗ‬䇈ᯢ
SOLID45ऩ‫⫼ܗ‬Ѣᵘ䗴ϝ㓈೎ԧ㒧ᵘDŽऩ‫ܗ‬䗮䖛8Ͼ㡖⚍ᴹᅮНˈ↣Ͼ㡖⚍᳝3Ͼ⊓ⴔxˈ
y੠zᮍ৥ᑇ⿏ⱘ㞾⬅ᑺDŽ
ऩ‫݋ܗ‬᳝ลᗻˈ㷩বˈ㝼㚔ˈᑨ࡯ᔎ࣪ˈ໻বᔶ੠໻ᑨব㛑࡯DŽ㉏Ԑⱘऩ‫ܗ‬᳝䗖⫼Ѣ
৘৥ᓖᗻᴤ᭭ⱘSOLID64ऩ‫ܗ‬DŽSOLID45ऩ‫ⱘܗ‬᳈催䰊ऩ‫ܗ‬ᰃSOLID95DŽ

6.2 䕧᭄ܹ᥂
৘Ͼऩ‫޴ⱘܗ‬ԩᔶ⢊ˈ㡖⚍ԡ㕂੠തᷛ㋏ᅮНབ೒1.11᠔⼎DŽऩ‫⬅ܗ‬8Ͼ㡖⚍੠৘৥ৠ
ᗻⱘᴤ᭭খ᭄ᴹᅮНDŽ৘৥ৠᗻᴤ᭭ᮍ৥ᇍᑨѢऩ‫ܗ‬തᷛ㋏ᮍ৥DŽ
ऩ‫ܗ‬㥋䕑ࣙᣀ㡖⚍㥋䕑੠ऩ‫ܗ‬㥋䕑DŽऩ‫ܗ‬㸼䴶ⱘ㸼䴶य़࡯㥋䕑ⱘᮍ৥ᣝ೒1.11Ёⱘᏺ
೜᭄ᄫⱘᮍ৥ᴹᅮНDŽℷय़࡯԰⫼೼ऩ‫ܗ‬ϞDŽ
KEYOPT(1)⫼Ѣᣛᅮࣙᣀ៪ϡࣙᣀ䰘ࡴⱘԡ⿏ᔶߑ᭄DŽKEYOPT(5)੠KEYOPT(6)ᦤկ
ϡৠⱘऩ‫ܗ‬䕧ߎ䗝乍DŽ

633
 䰘ᔩ

೒1.11 3-D㒧ᵘ೎ԧऩ‫ܗ‬SOLID45

6.3 SOLID45ऩ‫ܗ‬䕧᭄ܹ᥂ᨬ㽕
ऩ‫ܗ‬ৡ⿄ SOLID45
㡖⚍ IˈJˈKˈLˈM ˈNˈOˈP
㡖⚍㞾⬅ᑺ UXˈUYˈUZ
ᴤ᭭খ᭄ EXˈEY, EZ,˄PRXY, PRYZ, PRXZ or NUXY, NUYZ, NUXZ˅,ALPX, ALPY, ALPZ,
DENS, GXY, GYZ, GXZ, DAMP
㸼䴶㥋䕑 य़࡯s --㸼䴶1(J-I-L-K),㸼䴶2(I-J-N-M˅ˈ㸼䴶3(J-K-O-N˅ˈ㸼䴶4(K-L-P-O)ˈ㸼䴶
5(L-I-M -P)ˈ㸼䴶6(M-N-O-P)
ԧ㥋䕑 ⏽ᑺ -- T(I)ˈT(J)ˈT(K)ˈT(L)ˈT(M)ˈT(N)ˈT(O)ˈT(P)˗⛁⌕䞣 -- FL(I)ˈFL(J)ˈ
FL(K)ˈFL(L)ˈFL(M)ˈFL(N)ˈFL(O)ˈFL(P)
⡍⅞ࡳ㛑 ลᗻˈ㷩বˈ㝼㚔ˈᑨ࡯ᔎ࣪ˈ໻বᔶˈ໻ᑨবˈऩ‫⌏⅏ܗ‬
KEYOPT(1) 0 – ࣙᣀ䰘ࡴⱘԡ⿏ᔶߑ᭄
1 – ϡࣙᣀ䰘ࡴⱘԡ⿏ᔶߑ᭄
KEYOPT(2) 0 – ձ᥂KEYOPT(1)ᏺˈ៪㗙ϡᏺ䰘ࡴⱘԡ⿏ᔶߑ᭄ˈᠻ㸠ᅠܼ⿃ߚ
1 – ᏺⷖⓣ᥻ࠊⱘഛࣔ㓽‫ˈߚ⿃ޣ‬ϡᏺ䰘ࡴⱘԡ⿏ᔶߑ᭄˄KEYOPT(1)㞾ࡼ䆒㕂Ў1˅DŽ
KEYOPT(4) 0 -- ऩ‫ܗ‬തᷛ㋏ᑇ㸠Ѣᭈԧതᷛ㋏
1 -- ऩ‫ܗ‬തᷛ㋏⊓ऩ‫ܗ‬I-Jϔջ
KEYOPT(5) 0 ̢ ෎ᴀऩ‫ܗ‬㾷
1 ̢ ೼᠔᳝⿃ߚ⚍Ϟ䞡໡෎ᴀ㾷
2 ̢ 㡖⚍ᑨ࡯㾷
KEYOPT(6) 0 -- ෎ᴀऩ‫ܗ‬㾷
1 -- 䰘ᏺ㸼䴶I-J-N-M ⱘ㸼䴶㾷
2 -- 㸼䴶I-J-N-M ੠㸼䴶K-L-P-Oⱘ㸼䴶㾷˄㸼䴶㾷াᇍ㒓ᗻᴤ᭭ৃ⫼˅
3 -- 䰘ᏺ↣Ͼ⿃ߚ⚍ⱘ䴲㒓ᗻ㾷
4 -- 䴲䳊य़࡯㸼䴶ⱘ㸼䴶㾷
KEYOPT(9) 0 -- ≵᳝ᦤկ߱ྟᑨ࡯ⱘ⫼᠋ᄤ⿟ᑣ˄咬䅸ᚙ‫˅މ‬

634
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

1 -- Ң⫼᠋ᄤ⿟ᑣЁ䇏ܹ߱ྟᑨ࡯᭄᥂

635
 䰘ᔩ

6.4 䕧ߎ᭄᥂
Ϣऩ‫ܗ‬㒧ᵰⳌ㘨㋏ⱘ㒧ᵰ䕧ߎЏ㽕᳝ϸ⾡ᔶᓣ˖
(1) ࠋԤสྭۤൎပࠋԤࠒ‫ڴ‬d
(2) ࠒ‫ڴ‬೛ѻζᄯٓѻԅ‫ަؘ‬ԅӦ၍೛ѻd
ᑨ࡯䕧ߎ᳝޴ϾᴵⳂDŽ㒧ᵰ䕧ߎⱘϔ㠀䇈ᯢ೼㒧ᵰ䕧ߎ㸼Ё㒭ߎDŽ
ऩ‫ܗ‬ᑨ࡯ᮍ৥ᑇ㸠Ѣऩ‫ܗ‬തᷛ㋏DŽ㸼䴶ᑨ࡯䕧ߎᰃ೼㸼䴶തᷛ㋏Ϩৃҹ೼ӏԩ㸼䴶
˄KEYOPT(6)˅DŽ㸼䴶IJNM੠KLPOⱘതᷛ㋏བ೒1.12᠔⼎DŽ

೒1.12 ϝ㓈೎ԧऩ‫ܗ‬SOLID45ऩ‫ⱘܗ‬ᑨ࡯䕧ߎ

KEYOPT(4)=0ᯊⱘᑨ࡯ᮍ৥㾕೒1.12DŽ
㸼1.12 SOLID45ऩ‫ⱘܗ‬㒧ᵰ䕧ߎ
ৡ ⿄ ᅮ Н O R
EL ऩ‫ܗ‬ো Y Y
NODES 㡖⚍ -- IˈJ, K, L, M, N, O, P Y Y
MAT ᴤ᭭㓪ো Y Y
VOLU: ԧ⿃ Y Y
XC, YC, ZC 㒧ᵰ䕧ߎԡ㕂 Y 3
PRES 㡖⚍J, I, L, Kⱘय़࡯P1; I, J, N, M ⱘP2; J, K, O, NⱘP3; K, L, P,
Y Y
OⱘP4; L, I, M, PⱘP5; M, N, O, PⱘP6
TEMP ⏽ᑺ T(I), T(J), T(K), T(L), T(M), T(N), T(O), T(P) Y Y
FLUEN ⛁⌕䞣FL(I), FL(J), FL(K), FL(L), FL(M), FL(N), FL(O), FL(P) Y Y
S: X, Y, Z, XY, YZ, XZ ᑨ࡯ Y Y
S: 1, 2, 3 Џᑨ࡯ Y Y
S: INT ᑨ࡯ᔎᑺ Y Y
S: EQV ㄝᬜMisesᑨ࡯ Y Y

636
 ANSYSߚᵤᅲ՟ϢᎹ⿟ᑨ⫼

˄㓁˅
ৡ ⿄ ᅮ Н O R
EPEL: X, Y, Z, XY, YZ, XZ ᔍᗻᑨব Y Y
EPEL: 1, 2, 3 Џᔍᗻᑨব Y -
EPEL: EQV ㄝᬜᔍᗻᑨব[4] Y Y
EPTH: X, Y, Z, XY, YZ, XZ ᑇഛ⛁ᑨব 1 1
EPTH: EQV ㄝᬜ⛁ᑨব[4] 1 1
EPPL: X, Y, Z, XY, YZ, XZ ᑇഛลᗻᑨব 1 1
EPPL: EQV ㄝᬜลᗻᑨব[4] 1 1
EPCR: X, Y, Z, XY, YZ, XZ ᑇഛ㷩বᑨব 1 1
EPCR: EQV ㄝᬜ㷩বᑨব[4] 1 1
EPSW: ᑇഛ㝼㚔ᑨব 1 1
NL:EPEQ ᑇഛㄝᬜลᗻᑨব 1 1
NL:SRAT ሜ᳡㸼䴶Ϟⱘ䗍ᑨ࡯੠ᑨ࡯П↨ 1 1
NL:SEPL Ңᑨ࡯-ᑨব᳆㒓ᑇഛㄝᬜMisesᑨ࡯ 1 1
NL:HPRES 䴭∈य़࡯ 1
FACE 㸼䴶label 2 2
AREA 㸼䴶䴶⿃ 2 2
TEMP 㸼䴶ᑇഛ⏽ᑺ 2 2
EPEL 㸼䴶ᔍᗻᑨব˄X,Y,XY˅ 2 2
PRESS 㸼䴶य़࡯ 2 2
S(X, Y, XY) 㸼䴶ᑨ࡯˄X䕈ᑇ㸠ѢᅮН䆹㸼䴶ⱘࠡ䴶ϸϾ㒧⚍䖲㒓˅ 2 2
S(1, 2, 3) 㸼䴶Џᑨ࡯ 2 2
SINT 㸼䴶ᑨ࡯ᔎᑺ 2 2
SEQV 㸼䴶ㄝᬜMisesᑨ࡯ 2 2
LOCI: X, Y, Z ⿃ߚ⚍ԡ㕂 - Y
1. ᔧऩ‫݋ܗ‬᳝䴲㒓ᗻᴤ᭭ᯊˈ᳝䴲㒓ᗻ㾷䕧ߎDŽ
2. 㸼䴶䕧ߎ˄བᵰKEYOPT(6)ᰃ1ˈ2៪㗙4˅DŽ
3. ⫼*GETᴵⳂৃҹ㦋ᕫ䋼ᖗԡ㕂ⱘ㒧ᵰDŽ

ㄝᬜᑨবᰃ⫼ㄝᬜ⊞ᵒ↨ᴹ䅵ㅫⱘ˖ᇍѢᔍᗻ੠⛁䯂乬ˈ䖭Ͼؐ⬅˄MP,PRXY˅䕧ܹ˗
ᇍѢลᗻ੠㷩বˈ䖭Ͼؐপ0.5DŽ

㸼1.13 ϝ㓈೎ԧऩ‫ܗ‬SOLID45ⱘᴖ乍䕧ߎ
䇈 ᯢ 䕧ߎᴵⳂⱘৡ⿄ O R
䴲㒓ᗻ⿃ߚ⚍Ϟⱘ㾷 EPPL, EPEQ, SRAT, SEPL, HPRES, EPCR, EPSW 1 -
⿃ߚ⚍ᑨ࡯㾷 TEMP, S(X, Y, Z, XY, YZ, XZ), SINT, SEQV, EPEL 2 -
㡖⚍ᑨ࡯㾷 TEMP, S(X, Y, Z, XY, YZ, XZ), SINT, SEQV, EPEL 3 -
1. བᵰऩ‫݋ܗ‬᳝䴲㒓ᗻᴤ᭭੠KEYOPT(6)=3ˈ䕧ߎ೼8Ͼ⿃ߚ⚍ϞDŽ
2. བᵰKEYOPT(5)=1ˈ䕧ߎ೼↣Ͼ⿃ߚ⚍ϞDŽ
3. བᵰKEYOPT(5)=2ˈ䕧ߎ೼↣Ͼ㡖⚍ϞDŽ

637
 䰘ᔩ

ϟ䴶䆄ো⫼ѢETABLE੠ESOLੑҸⱘᴵⳂ੠ᴵⳂ㓪ো˖
IˈJˈ...ˈP -- ᇍᑨ೼㡖⚍IˈJˈ...ˈP৘⚍ⱘ᭄᥂ⱘᴵⳂ㓪ো

㸼1.14 ⫼ѢETABLE੠ESOLੑҸⱘSOLID45ऩ‫ܗ‬䕧ߎ乍ⱘᴵⳂ੠ᑣ߫㓪ো
ৡ ⿄ ᴵ Ⳃ I J K L M N O P
P1 SMISC 2 1 4 3 - - - -
P2 SMISC 5 6 - - 8 7 - -
P3 SMISC - 9 10 - - 12 11 -
P4 SMISC - - 13 14 - - 16 15
P5 SMISC 18 - - 17 19 - - 20
P6 SMISC - - - - 21 22 23 24
S:1 NMISC 1 6 11 16 21 26 31 36
S:2 NMISC 2 7 12 17 22 27 32 37
S:3 NMISC 3 8 13 18 23 28 33 38
S:INT NMISC 4 9 14 19 24 29 34 39
S:EQV NMISC 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40
FLUEN NMISC 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48

6.5 ‫؛‬ᅮ੠䰤ࠊ
ԧ⿃ㄝѢ0ⱘऩ‫ܗ‬ᰃϡ‫ܕ‬䆌ⱘDŽऩ‫ܗ‬Ϟⱘ㡖⚍㓪োৃҹᰃ೒Ёⱘ㓪োˈгৃҹᰃҢ䴶
IJKL੠MNOPѦᤶDŽৠᯊˈऩ‫ܗ‬гϡ‫ܕ‬䆌ᡁ᳆ˈҹ㟇Ѣᔶ៤њϸϾԧDŽ
᠔᳝ऩ‫ܗ‬ᖙ乏‫݋‬᳝8Ͼ㡖⚍DŽ䗮䖛ᇚK੠L䞡ড়ˈO੠P㡖⚍䞡ড়ˈৃҹᅮНߎễᔶऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ
ಯ䴶ԧऩ‫ܗ‬ᔧ✊гᰃৃҹ԰ߎⱘDŽ䖭ѯ䗔࣪ऩ‫ⱘܗ‬ᔶߑ᭄㞾✊Ӯ䗔࣪

7. 4㡖⚍ᔍᗻ໇ԧऩ‫ܗ‬SHELL63

7.1 ऩ‫ܗ‬䇈ᯢ
SHELL63‫݋‬᳝ᔃ᳆੠㭘㝰ϸ⾡㛑࡯ˈ᠔ҹৃҹᡓফ䴶‫ݙ‬㥋䕑੠῾৥㥋䕑DŽऩ‫↣ⱘܗ‬Ͼ
㡖⚍‫݋‬᳝6Ͼ㡖⚍㞾⬅ᑺ˖⊓ⴔxˈy੠zᮍ৥ᑇ⿏੠㒩xˈy੠z-axe䕀ࡼDŽৃҹࣙ৿ᑨ࡯ᔎ࣪
੠໻বᔶ㛑࡯DŽϔ㟈ⱘߛ㒓߮ᑺⶽ䰉䗝乍೼໻বᔶ˄᳝䰤䕀ࡼ˅ߚᵤᯊৃ⫼DŽ㉏Ԑⱘऩ‫ܗ‬
䖬᳝SHELL43੠SHELL181˄ลᗻࡳ㛑˅੠SHELL93˄Ё䯈㡖⚍˅DŽETCHG ੑҸৃҹᇚ
SHELL57੠SHELL157ऩ‫ܗ‬䕀ᤶЎSHELL63DŽ

7.2 䕧᭄ܹ᥂
೒1.13㒭ߎⱘᰃSHELL63ऩ‫޴ⱘܗ‬ԩᔶ⢊ˈ㡖⚍ԡ㕂੠തᷛ㋏DŽऩ‫⬅ܗ‬4Ͼ㡖⚍ˈ4Ͼ
८ᑺˈϔϾᔍᗻ෎⸔߮ᑺ੠৘৥ৠᗻᴤ᭭খ᭄ᵘ៤DŽ৘৥ৠᗻᴤ᭭ᮍ৥ᇍᑨѢऩ‫ܗ‬തᷛ㋏

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ᮍ৥DŽऩ‫ܗ‬തᷛ㋏ᅮԡབ೒1.13᠔⼎DŽऩ‫ܗ‬x䕈ৃҹ䕀ࡼϔϾ㾦ᑺTHETA˄ᣝ㾦ᑺ˅DŽ

೒1.13 ᔍᗻ໇ऩ‫ܗ‬SHELL63

८ᑺ‫؛‬ᅮ೼ᭈϾऩ‫ܗ‬Ϟ䖲㓁‫ܝ‬⒥ഄব࣪ˈৃҹ೼4Ͼ㡖⚍Ϟ䕧ܹ८ᑺؐDŽབᵰऩ‫ܗ‬ᰃㄝ
८ᑺⱘˈ߭া䳔㽕䕧ܹTK(I)DŽབᵰ८ᑺϡᰃᐌ᭄ˈ߭䳔㽕䕧ܹ4Ͼ८ᑺؐDŽ
ᔍᗻ෎⸔߮ᑺ˄EFS˅ᅮНЎՓ෎⸔ѻ⫳ऩԡ⊩৥ԡ⿏᠔䳔㽕ⱘय़࡯DŽབᵰEFSᇣѢ៪
ㄝѢ䳊ˈ߭ϡՓ⫼ᔍᗻ෎⸔ࡳ㛑DŽ
ᇍѢ䴲ഛࣔⱘ៪㗙ሖড়໇ԧ㒧ᵘˈ䳔㽕ᦤկ䖭ѯᅲᐌ᭄˖⫼ѢҢ䕧ܹ८ᑺ䅵ㅫ៾䴶޴
ԩখ᭄ⱘᔃ᳆ᛃᗻⶽⱘ↨ؐRMIDŽRMIⱘ咬䅸ؐᰃ1.0DŽCTOP੠CBOTᰃҢЁ䴶ࠄ䅵ㅫᑨ࡯
ⱘ㑸㓈Ϟ㸼䴶៪ϟ㸼䴶ⱘ䎱⾏DŽCTOP੠CBOT䛑ᖙ乏এℷؐˈᑊ‫؛‬ᅮЁ䴶೼Ϟϟ㸼䴶П䯈DŽ
བᵰ≵᳝䕧ܹؐˈᑨ࡯䅵ㅫᣝ៾䴶८ᑺؐ䅵ㅫDŽখ᭄ADMSUAᰃऩԡ䴶⿃ⱘ䰘ࡴ䋼䞣DŽ
ऩ‫ܗ‬㥋䕑ࣙᣀ㡖⚍㥋䕑੠ऩ‫ܗ‬㥋䕑DŽ԰⫼೼ऩ‫ܗ‬㸼䴶ⱘय़࡯԰Ў㸼䴶㥋䕑䕧ܹˈᑊᮍ
৥ᣝ೒1.13㾘ᅮDŽℷय़࡯԰⫼೼ऩ‫ܗ‬Ϟˈ䖍㓬य़࡯ᣝऩԡ䭓ᑺⱘ࡯ᴹ䕧ܹDŽ䴶‫ݙ‬य़࡯㥋䕑
ৃ ҹ ㄝ ᬜ Ў 䲚 Ё ऩ ‫ ܗ‬㥋 䕑 ᮑ ࡴ ೼ 㡖 ⚍ Ϟ ˄ KEYOPT(6)=0 ˅ ˈ ៪ 㗙 ߚ Ꮧ ೼ ऩ ‫ ܗ‬㸼 䴶
˄KEYOPT(6)=2˅DŽ
⏽ᑺৃҹ԰Ўऩ‫ܗ‬ԧ㥋䕑೼Ā㾦⚍āԡ㕂˄1-8˅䕧ܹ˄བ೒1.13᠔⼎˅DŽ㄀1Ͼ㾦⚍ⱘ
⏽ᑺT1咬䅸ЎTUNIFDŽབᵰ݊Ҫ⏽ᑺ≵᳝ᣛᅮˈ߭咬䅸ЎT1DŽབᵰা䕧ܹњT1੠T2ˈ߭T1
԰ЎT1ˈT2ˈT3੠T4ᴹՓ⫼ˈT2԰ЎT5ˈT6ˈT7੠T8ᴹՓ⫼DŽᇍѢ݊Ҫᔶᓣⱘ䕧ܹˈ≵
᳝ᣛᅮ⏽ᑺ䛑咬䅸ЎTUNIFDŽ
KEYOPT(1)⫼Ѣᗑ⬹㭘㝰߮ᑺ៪㗙ᔃ᳆߮ᑺDŽᔧᔃ᳆߮ᑺ㹿ᗑ⬹ᯊˈ㓽‫ⱘޣ‬䴶໪䋼䞣
ⶽ䰉ҡ✊ৃҹՓ⫼DŽ
KEYOPT(2)⫼Ѣ೼▔⌏໻বᔶߚᵤ[NLGEOMˈON]ᯊⱘϔ㟈ⱘߛ㒓߮ᑺⶽ䰉DŽ೼޴ԩ
䴲㒓ᗻߚᵤЁˈ↨བ䴲㒓ᗻሜ᳆ˈ៪㗙䖛ሜ᳆ˈ䗮䖛▔⌏䖭Ͼ䆒㕂ৃҹࡴ䗳䅵ㅫ䖛⿟ⱘᬊ
ᬯDŽԚᰃˈབᵰԴՓ⫼ऩ‫ܗ‬ᴹ߮ᗻ䖲᥹ˈ៪㗙ϔ㒘㗺ড়㡖⚍ᯊˈϡ㛑Փ⫼䖭Ͼ䗝乍DŽ
KEYOPT(3)‫ܕ‬䆌ࣙᣀ˄KEYOPT(3)=0 or 2˅៪ϡࣙᣀ˄KEYOPT(3)=1˅䰘ࡴⱘԡ⿏ᔶ
ߑ᭄DŽ⬅ℸৃҹ䗝ᢽՓ⫼ⱘ䴶‫ݙ‬䕀ࡼ߮ᑺ˖
KEYOPT(3)=0៪1▔⌏ᔍㇻᓣⱘ㒩ऩ‫ܗ‬z䕈䴶‫ݙ‬䕀ࡼ߮ᑺDŽ
KEYOPT(3)=2▔⌏⧚ᛇⱘ䴶‫ݙ‬䕀ࡼ߮ᑺDŽ
KEYOPT(7)‫ܕ‬䆌㓽‫ⱘޣ‬䋼䞣ⶽ䰉˄䕀ࡼ㡖⚍㞾⬅ᑺ乍ᇚ㹿ߴ䰸˅DŽ䗝乍೼⬅Ѣ䋼䞣㥋

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䕑ᓩ䍋ⱘᔃ᳆ᑨ࡯䅵ㅫЁ䴲ᐌ᳝⫼DŽ
KEYOPT(8)‫ܕ‬䆌㓽‫ޣ‬ᑨ࡯߮ᑺⶽ䰉˄䕀ࡼ㡖⚍㞾⬅ᑺ乍ᇚ㹿ߴ䰸˅DŽ䆹䗝乍೼ϔ㠀᳆
䴶໇ԧⱘ㒓ᗻሜ᳆䅵ㅫЁˈৃҹᬍ୘ሜ᳆ᵘൟˈᑊᕫࠄ᳈㊒⹂ⱘ㥋䕑㋏᭄DŽ

7.3 SHELL63ऩ‫ܗ‬䕧᭄ܹ᥂ᨬ㽕
ऩ‫ܗ‬ৡ⿄ SHELL63
㡖⚍ IˈJˈKˈL
㡖⚍㞾⬅ᑺ UXˈUYˈUZˈROTXˈROTYˈROTZ
ᅲᐌ᭄ TK(I), TK(J), TK(K), TK(L), EFS, THETA, RMI, CTOP,
CBOT,(ぎ),(ぎ),(ぎ),(ぎ),(ぎ),(ぎ),(ぎ),(ぎ),(ぎ), ADMSUA
ᴤ᭭খ᭄ EX, EY, EZ,˄PRXY, PRYZ, PRXZ ៪ NUXY, NUYZ, NUXZ˅, ALPX, ALPY, ALPZ,
DENS, GXY, DAMP
㸼䴶㥋䕑 य़࡯ --㸼䴶1(I-J-K-L)˄ᑩ䚼, +Z ᮍ৥˅ˈ㸼䴶2(I-J-K-L)˄乊䚼,Z ᮍ৥˅ˈ㸼䴶3(J-I)ˈ
㸼䴶4(K-J)ˈ㸼䴶5(L-K)੠㸼䴶6(I-L)
ԧ㥋䕑 ⏽ᑺ -- T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8
⡍⅞ࡳ㛑 ᑨ࡯ᔎ࣪ˈ໻বᔶˈऩ‫⌏⅏ܗ‬
KEYOPT(1) 0 – 㗗㰥ᔃ᳆੠㭘㝰߮ᑺ
1 – া㗗㰥㭘㝰߮ᑺ
2 -- া㗗㰥ᔃ᳆߮ᑺ
KEYOPT(2) 0 -- ᔧNLGEOMᠧᓔᯊˈাՓ⫼Џߛ㒓߮ᑺⶽ䰉DŽ˄ᑨ࡯ᔎ࣪ᬜᑨ⫼Ѣ㒓ᗻሜ᳆ߚᵤ
੠݊Ҫ㒓ᗻ乘ᑨ࡯ߚᵤᯊˈᑨ䆹ऩ⣀⫼ĀPSTRES,ONāᓔ݇ᠧᓔ乘ᑨ࡯䗝乍˅
1 – Փ⫼ϔ㟈ⱘߛ㒓߮ᑺⶽ䰉˄ेˈⶽ䰉ᰃ⬅Џߛ㒓߮ᑺⶽ䰉ࡴϔ㟈ᑨ࡯߮ᑺⶽ䰉㗠ᔶ
៤ⱘ˅ᔧNLGEOM ᰃᠧᓔⱘˈϨKEYOPT(1)=0DŽ˄ᔧKEYOPT(2)=1㹿▔⌏ᯊˈ䖭Ͼऩ
‫ⱘܗ‬SSTIF,ONᇚ㹿ᗑ⬹˅DŽ
2 – ⫼Ѣ݇䯁ϔ㟈ⱘߛ㒓߮ᑺⶽ䰉ˈᔧSOLCONTROL䆒㕂Ўᠧᓔᯊˈ᳝ᯊ᳝ᖙ㽕݇䯁
ϔ㟈ⱘߛ㒓߮ᑺⶽ䰉ˈབᵰऩ‫ܗ‬ᰃ⫼Ѣ῵ᢳᅲᐌ᭄ᕜ໻ⱘ߮ԧDŽKEYOPT(2)=2੠
KEYOPT(2)=0ᬜᵰⳌৠˈԚᰃˈKEYOPT(2)=0ᰃ⬅SOLCONTROL᥻ࠊⱘˈ㗠
KEYOPT(2)=2 ϢSOLCONTROL᮴݇DŽ
KEYOPT(3) 0 -- ࣙᣀ䰘ࡴⱘԡ⿏ᔶߑ᭄ˈՓ⫼ᔍㇻ-ᔶᓣⱘ䴶‫ݙ‬㒩ऩ‫ܗ‬z䕈ⱘ䕀ࡼ߮ᑺ˄⿟ᑣ㞾ࡼ
⏏ࡴϔϾᖂᇣ߮ᑺˈҹֱ䆕᭄ؐ䅵ㅫ〇ᅮˈབᵰKEYOPT(1)=0˅DŽ
1 – ϡࣙᣀ䰘ࡴⱘԡ⿏ᔶߑ᭄ˈՓ⫼ᔍㇻ-ᔶᓣⱘ䴶‫ݙ‬㒩ऩ‫ܗ‬z䕈ⱘ䕀ࡼ߮ᑺ˄⿟ᑣ㞾ࡼ
⏏ࡴϔϾᖂᇣ߮ᑺˈҹֱ䆕᭄ؐ䅵ㅫ〇ᅮˈབᵰKEYOPT(1)=0˅DŽ
2 – ࣙᣀ䰘ࡴⱘԡ⿏ᔶߑ᭄ˈᑊՓ⫼䴶‫ݙ‬㒩ऩ‫ܗ‬z䕈ⱘ䕀ࡼ߮ᑺDŽ
KEYOPT(5) 0 – ෎ᴀऩ‫ܗ‬䕧ߎ
2 -- 㡖⚍ᑨ࡯䕧ߎ
KEYOPT(6) 0 – ᡬ‫ⱘޣ‬य़࡯㥋䕑(བᵰKEYOPT(1)=1ˈ߭ᖙ乏⫼)
2 – ϔ㟈ⱘय़࡯㥋䕑
KEYOPT(7) 0 – ϔ㟈ⱘ䋼䞣ⶽ䰉
1 – ᡬ‫ⱘޣ‬䋼䞣ⶽ䰉
KEYOPT(8) 0 -- Ā᥹䖥āϔ㟈ⱘᑨ࡯߮ᑺⶽ䰉˄咬䅸˅

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1 – ᡬ‫ⱘޣ‬ᑨ࡯߮ᑺⶽ䰉
KEYOPT(9) 0 -- ≵᳝⫼᠋⿟ᑣᴹᅮНऩ‫ܗ‬തᷛ㋏
4 -- ऩ‫ܗ‬x䕈᳝⫼᠋⿟ᑣUSERANᣛᅮ

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7.4 䕧ߎ᭄᥂
Ϣऩ‫ܗ‬㒧ᵰⳌ㘨㋏ⱘ㒧ᵰ䕧ߎЏ㽕᳝ϸ⾡ᔶᓣ˖
(1) ࠋԤสྭۤൎပࠋԤࠒ‫ڴ‬d
(2) Ӧ၍ࠒ‫ڴ‬೛ѻζᄯٓѻԅ‫ަؘ‬ԅӦ၍೛ѻd
ᑨ࡯䕧ߎ೒՟೼೒1.14Ё㒭ߎˈ㒧ᵰ䕧ߎⱘϔ㠀䇈ᯢ೼㒧ᵰ䕧ߎ㸼1.15Ё㒭ߎDŽ
‫࡯ݙ‬੠ᑨ࡯䕧ߎ乍ϔ㠀ࣙᣀ˖x㸼䴶࡯ⶽ˄MX˅ˈy㸼䴶࡯ⶽ˄MY˅੠ᡁⶽ˄MXY˅DŽ
࡯ⶽᰃᣝऩ‫ܗ‬തᷛ㋏Ёऩԡ䭓ᑺϞ㒭ߎⱘDŽऩ‫ܗ‬ᑨ࡯ᮍ৥ᑇ㸠Ѣऩ‫ܗ‬തᷛ㋏DŽ

೒1.14 ໇ऩ‫ܗ‬SHELL63ⱘᑨ࡯䕧ߎ

བᵰ≵᳝ᣛᅮESYSˈxIJ=ऩ‫ܗ‬x䕈˗བᵰᣛᅮњESYSˈx=ऩ‫ܗ‬x䕈DŽ

㸼1.15 SHELL63ऩ‫ܗ‬㒧ᵰ䕧ߎ
ৡ ⿄ ᅮ Н O R
EL ऩ‫ܗ‬ো Y Y
NODES 㡖⚍ – I,J, K, L Y Y
MAT ᴤ᭭㓪ো Y Y
AREA 䴶⿃ Y Y
XC, YC, ZC 㒧ᵰ䕧ߎԡ㕂 Y 1
PRES 㡖⚍I, J, K, Lⱘय़࡯P1; I, J, K, Lⱘय़࡯P2; J, IⱘP3; K, Jⱘ
Y Y
P4; L, KⱘP5; I, LⱘP6
TEMP ⏽ᑺ T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8 Y Y
T(X, Y, XY) ऩ‫ܗ‬䴶‫ݙ‬X, Y੠XY ࡯s Y Y
M(X, Y, XY) ऩ‫ܗ‬X, Y੠XY࡯ⶽ Y Y
FOUND.PRESS ෎⸔य़࡯˄བᵰ䴲䳊˅ Y -
LOC Ϟ㸼䴶ˈЁ䴶៪ᑩ䴶 Y Y
S: X, Y, Z, XY 㭘㝰੠ᔃ᳆ᑨ࡯ⱘ㒘ড়ᑨ࡯ Y Y
S: 1, 2, 3 Џᑨ࡯ Y Y
S: INT ᑨ࡯ᔎᑺ Y Y
S: EQV ㄝᬜMisesᑨ࡯ Y Y

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˄㓁˅
ৡ ⿄ ᅮ Н O R
EPEL: X, Y, Z, XY ᑇഛᔍᗻᑨব Y Y
EPEL: EQV ㄝᬜᔍᗻᑨব[2] - Y
EPTH: X, Y, Z, XY ᑇഛ⛁ᑨব Y Y
EPTH: EQV ㄝᬜ⛁ᑨব[2] - Y
1. ⫼*GETੑҸৃҹᦤপ䋼ᖗԡ㕂ⱘؐDŽ

ㄝᬜᑨবՓ⫼ⱘᰃ᳝ᬜ⊞ᵒ↨˖ᔍᗻ੠⛁ߚᵤⱘؐ⫼˄MP,PRXY˅䕧ܹDŽ
㸼1.16 SHELL63ऩ‫݊ⱘܗ‬Ҫ䕧ߎ乍
䇈 ᯢ ᴵⳂ䕧ߎৡ⿄ O R
㡖⚍ᑨ࡯㾷 TEMP, S(X, Y, Z, XY), SINT, SEQV 1 -
1. ↣Ͼ㡖⚍䛑䕧ߎˈབᵰKEYOPT(5)=2ˈ߭೼৘Ͼԡ㕂ᕾ⦃DŽ

ϟ 㸼 ߫ ߎ њ ETABLE ੑ Ҹ ৃ ҹ Փ ⫼ ⱘ 䕧 ߎ 䞣 ᴵ Ⳃ 㓪 ো DŽ ᑊ Ϩ Փ ⫼ ϟ 䴶 䆄 ো
˄KEYOPT(9)=0˅˖
I,J,K,L -- ᭄᥂೼㡖⚍I,J,K,Lԡ㕂ⱘᴵⳂ㓪ো
㸼1.17 ⫼ѢETABLE੠ESOLੑҸⱘSHELL63ᴵⳂ੠ᑣ߫㓪ো
ৡ ⿄ ᴵ Ⳃ E I J K L
TX SMISC 1 - - - -
TY SMISC 2 - - - -
TXY SMISC 3 - - - -
MX SMISC 4 - - - -
MY SMISC 5 - - - -
MXY SMISC 6 - - - -
P1 SMISC - 9 10 11 12
P2 SMISC - 13 14 15 16
P3 SMISC - 18 17 - -
P4 SMISC - - 20 19 -
P5 SMISC - - - 22 21
P6 SMISC - 23 - - 24
Ϟ 㸼 䴶
S:1 NMISC - 1 6 11 16
S:2 NMISC - 2 7 12 17
S:3 NMISC - 3 8 13 18
S:INT NMISC - 4 9 14 19
S:EQV NMISC - 5 10 15 20
ᑩ 䴶
S:1 NMISC - 21 26 31 36

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˄㓁˅
ৡ ⿄ ᴵ Ⳃ E I J K L
S:2 NMISC - 22 27 32 37
S:3 NMISC - 23 28 33 38
S:INT NMISC - 24 29 34 39
S:EQV NMISC - 25 30 35 40

7.5 ‫؛‬ᅮ੠䰤ࠊ
ऩ‫ܗ‬䴶⿃ϡ‫ܕ‬䆌Ў䳊ˈ䖭೼ऩ‫ⱘܗ‬㡖⚍ো⃵ᑣϡᇍᯊӮথ⫳DŽऩ‫ܗ‬८ᑺㄝѢ䳊ˈ៪㗙
೼ऩ‫ⱘܗ‬ᶤϾ㡖⚍Ϟ८ᑺЎ䳊гᰃϡ‫ܕ‬䆌ⱘDŽ῾৥⛁ẃᑺব࣪ᘏᰃ‫؛‬ᅮ⊓ⴔ८ᑺᮍ৥ਜ㒓
ᗻߚᏗˈ೼ऩ‫ܗ‬㸼䴶Ϟ៤ঠ㒓ᗻߚᏗDŽ
⫼ϔ㒘ᑇ䴶໇ԧऩ‫ৃܗ‬ҹᕜདഄ῵ᢳ᳆䴶ऩ‫ˈܗ‬া㽕↣Ͼऩ‫ܗ‬П䯈ⱘ།㾦ᕜᇣˈϔ㠀
ᓎ䆂᳔໻།㾦ᇣѢ15ᑺDŽབᵰ䕧ܹᔍᗻ෎⸔߮ᑺˈ↣Ͼ㡖⚍ᇚ㦋ᕫ1/4ⱘ߮ᑺDŽ䖭Ͼ㭘໇ऩ
‫ܗ‬ϡ㗗㰥࠾ߛবᔶDŽ
ᇚ K੠ L 㡖 ⚍ 䆒 㕂 Ў ৠ ϔ Ͼ 㡖 ⚍ ৃ ҹ ᔶ ៤ ϝ 㾦 ᔶ ऩ ‫ܗ‬DŽ ᇍ Ѣ ໻ ব ᔶ ߚ ᵤˈ བ ᵰ
KEYOPT(1) =1˄া㗗㰥㭘㝰߮ᑺ˅ˈ߭ऩ‫ܗ‬ϡ㛑ᰃϝ㾦ᔶⱘDŽ
ᇍѢKEYOPT(1)=0៪2ˈᅮНऩ‫ⱘܗ‬4Ͼ㡖⚍ᑨ䆹ሑৃ㛑ഄ೼ϔϾᑇ䴶‫ৃˈݙ‬ҹ‫ܕ‬䆌᳝
ϔ⚍ᡁ᳆DŽᇍѢKEYOPT(1)=1ˈᡁ᳆䰤ࠊᰃ䴲ᐌϹḐⱘDŽ᮴䆎ાϔ⾡ᚙ‫ˈމ‬䖛ߚᡁ᳆ⱘऩ
‫㋏ܗ‬㒳Ӯ㒭ߎ䄺ਞ៪㗙䫭䇃ᦤ⼎DŽᇍѢऩ‫ܗ‬䖛ߚᡁ᳆ⱘ䄺ਞˈৃҹՓ⫼ϝ㾦ᔶऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ

8. ᔍㇻ-䰏ሐऩ‫ܗ‬COMBIN14

8.1 ऩ‫ܗ‬䇈ᯢ
COMBIN14‫݋‬᳝㒉৥៪ᡁ䕀ࡳ㛑ˈৃ⫼Ѣϔ㓈ˈѠ㓈៪㗙ϝ㓈ᚙ‫މ‬DŽ㒉৥ᔍㇻ-䰏ሐऩ
‫ܗ‬䗝乍ᰃϔϾऩ䕈ᢝԌ-य़㓽ऩ‫ˈܗ‬ᅗⱘϸッ᳝ϸϾ㡖⚍ˈ↣Ͼ㡖⚍ৃҹ‫݋‬᳔᳝໮3Ͼ㡖⚍
㞾⬅ᑺ˖೼㡖⚍ⱘxˈy੠zᮍ৥⿏ࡼDŽ≵᳝ᔃ᳆៪㗙ᡁ䕀DŽ
ᡁ䕀ᔍㇻ-䰏ሐऩ‫ܗ‬䗝乍ᰃϔϾᏺ᳝ϸϾ㡖⚍ⱘ㒃ᡁ䕀ऩ‫ܗ‬DŽ↣Ͼ㡖⚍ⱘ㡖⚍㞾⬅ᑺ˖
㒩㡖⚍xˈy੠z䕈ⱘ䕀ࡼDŽ≵᳝ᔃ᳆៪䕈৥㥋䕑DŽ
ᔍㇻ-䰏ሐऩ‫≵ܗ‬᳝䋼䞣DŽ䋼䞣ৃҹ⫼䋼䞣ऩ‫ܗ‬MASS21ᮑࡴDŽᔍㇻ៪䰏ሐࡳ㛑ৃҹ䗮
䖛䆒㕂ᴹߛᤶ݊⡍ᗻDŽ঺ϔϾᔍㇻ-䰏ሐऩ‫˄ܗ‬԰⫼ᮍ৥ৃҹ೼㡖⚍തᷛ㋏ᮍ৥˅ᰃ
COMBIN40DŽ
Ѡ㓈ऩ‫ܗ‬ᖙ乏ԡѢzതᷛㄝѢᐌ᭄ⱘᑇ䴶ϞDŽ

8.2 䕧᭄ܹ᥂
䖭Ͼऩ‫޴ⱘܗ‬ԩᔶ⢊ˈ㡖⚍ԡ㕂੠തᷛ㋏⼎ᛣ೒བ೒1.15᠔⼎DŽ䖭Ͼऩ‫ܗ‬᳝ϸϾ㡖⚍ˈ

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ϔϾᔍㇻᐌ᭄(k)੠䰏ሐ㋏᭄(c v )1 ੠(c v )2 ᵘ៤DŽ䰏ሐࡳ㛑ᇍѢ䴭࡯ߚᵤ੠᮴䰏ሐⱘ῵ᗕߚᵤ

᮴ᬜDŽ㒉৥ᔍㇻᐌ᭄ⱘऩԡᑨ䆹ᰃ࡯/䭓ᑺˈ䰏ሐ㋏᭄ⱘऩԡᑨ䆹ᰃ࡯*ᯊ䯈/䭓ᑺDŽᡁ䕀ᔍ
ㇻᐌ᭄੠䰏ሐ㋏᭄ⱘऩԡߚ߿ᰃĀ࡯*䭓ᑺ/ᓻᑺā੠Ā࡯*䭓ᑺ*ᯊ䯈/ᓻᑺāDŽᇍѢѠ㓈䕈
ᇍ⿄ߚᵤˈ䖭ѯؐᑨ䆹ᰃ360ᑺϔ਼ⱘؐDŽ

೒1.15 ᔍㇻ-䰏ሐऩ‫ܗ‬COMBIN14

ऩ‫ⱘܗ‬䰏ሐ䚼ߚ䗮䖛䰏ሐ㋏᭄㒭㒧ᵘᦤկ䰏ሐⶽ䰉 DŽ䰏ሐ࡯˄F˅៪ᡁⶽ(T)⫼ϟᓣ
䅵ㅫ˖
du dθ
Fx = − cV x ៪㗙 Tθ = −cV
dt dt
݊Ёc v ᰃ䰏ሐ㋏᭄ˈ⬅c v =(cv )1 +(cv )2 v㒭ߎDŽ
Vᰃࠡ䴶㥋䕑ᄤℹ䅵ㅫⱘ䗳ᑺDŽ㄀2Ͼ䰏ሐ㋏᭄(c v )2 ᰃ᳝ѯ⌕ԧ⦃๗Ёⱘ䴲㒓ᗻ䰏ሐ乍DŽ
བᵰ䕧ܹ(c v)2 ˄԰Ўᅲᐌ᭄CV2䕧ܹ˅ˈ߭KEYOPT(1)ᖙ乏䆒㕂Ў1DŽ
KEYOPT(2)=1ࠄ6⫼ѢᅮНϔ㓈ऩ‫ܗ‬ᯊՓ⫼DŽ⫼䖭ѯ䗝乍ˈऩ‫ܗ‬೼㡖⚍തᷛ㋏䅵ㅫDŽ
KEYOPT(2)=7੠8䗝乍‫ܕ‬䆌ऩ‫⫼ܗ‬Ѣ⛁ߚᵤ៪㗙य़࡯ߚᵤDŽ

8.3 COMBIN14ऩ‫ܗ‬䕧᭄ܹ᥂ᨬ㽕
ऩ‫ܗ‬ৡ⿄ COMBIN14
㡖⚍ IˈJ
㡖⚍㞾⬅ᑺ UX, UY, UZˈབᵰKEYOPT(3)=0
ROTX, ROTY, ROTZˈབᵰKEYOPT(3)=1
UX, UYˈབᵰKEYOPT(3)=2
ᅲᐌ᭄ KˈCV1ˈCV2
ᴤ᭭খ᭄ ᮴
㸼䴶㥋䕑 ᮴
ԧ㥋䕑 ᮴
⡍⅞ࡳ㛑 䴲㒓ᗻ˄བᵰCV2䴲䳊˅ˈᑨ࡯ᔎ࣪ˈ໻বᔶˈऩ‫⌏⅏ܗ‬
KEYOPT(1) 0 -- 㒓ᗻ㾷˄咬䅸˅
1 -- 䴲㒓ᗻ㾷˄བᵰCV2䴲䳊˅
KEYOPT(2) 0 – Փ⫼KEYOPT(3) 䗝乍
1 -- 1-D 㒉৥ᔍㇻ-䰏ሐऩ‫˄ܗ‬UX㞾⬅ᑺ˅

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2 -- 1-D 㒉৥ᔍㇻ-䰏ሐऩ‫˄ܗ‬UY㞾⬅ᑺ˅
3 -- 1-D 㒉৥ᔍㇻ-䰏ሐऩ‫˄ܗ‬UZ㞾⬅ᑺ˅
4 -- 1-Dᡁ䕀ᔍㇻ-䰏ሐऩ‫˄ܗ‬ROTX㞾⬅ᑺ˅
5 -- 1-Dᡁ䕀ᔍㇻ-䰏ሐऩ‫˄ܗ‬ROTY㞾⬅ᑺ˅
6 -- 1-Dᡁ䕀ᔍㇻ-䰏ሐऩ‫˄ܗ‬ROTZ㞾⬅ᑺ˅
7 --य़࡯㞾⬅ᑺऩ‫ܗ‬
8 -- ⏽ᑺ㞾⬅ᑺऩ‫ܗ‬
KEYOPT(3) 0 -- 3-D 㒉৥ᔍㇻ-䰏ሐऩ‫ܗ‬
1 -- 3-Dᡁ䕀ᔍㇻ-䰏ሐऩ‫ܗ‬
2 -- 2-D 㒉৥ᔍㇻ-䰏ሐऩ‫˄ܗ‬2-Dऩ‫ܗ‬ᖙ乏ԡѢX-Yᑇ䴶˅
⊼˖KEYOPT(2)㽚ⲪKEYOPT(3)

8.4 䕧ߎ᭄᥂
Ϣऩ‫ܗ‬㒧ᵰⳌ㘨㋏ⱘ㒧ᵰ䕧ߎЏ㽕᳝ϸ⾡ᔶᓣ˖
(1) ࠋԤสྭۤൎပࠋԤࠒ‫ڴ‬d
(2ĐӦ၍ࠒ‫ڴ‬೛ѻζᄯٓѻԅ‫ަؘ‬ԅӦ၍೛ѻd
ᑨ࡯䕧ߎ᳝޴ϾᴵⳂ˄೒1.16˅ˈ㒧ᵰ䕧ߎⱘϔ㠀䇈ᯢ೼㒧ᵰ䕧ߎ㸼Ё㒭ߎDŽ

೒1.16 COMBIN14ऩ‫ⱘܗ‬ᑨ࡯䕧ߎ

㸼1.18 COMBIN14ऩ‫ܗ‬㒧ᵰ䕧ߎ
ৡ ⿄ ᅮ Н O R
EL ऩ‫ܗ‬ো Y Y
NODES 㡖⚍ -- I, J Y Y
XC, YC, ZC 㒧ᵰ䕧ߎԡ㕂 Y 1
FORC, TORQ ᔍㇻ࡯៪࡯ⶽ Y Y
TENSION៪TWIST ᔍㇻᢝԌ៪ᔍㇻᡁ䕀˄ᕘ৥˅ Y Y
RATE ᔍㇻᐌ᭄ Y Y
VELOCITY 䗳ᑺ - Y
䰏ሐ࡯៪ᡁⶽ 䰏ሐ࡯៪࡯ⶽ˄Ў䳊ˈ䰸䴲ᰃ᳝䰏ሐⱘⶀᗕߚᵤ˅ Y Y
1. ⫼*GETᴵⳂৃҹ㦋ᕫ䋼ᖗԡ㕂ⱘ㒧ᵰDŽ

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㸼1.19 㒭ETABLE੠ESOLੑҸⱘCOMBIN14ᴵⳂ੠ᑣ߫㓪ো
ৡ ⿄ ᴵ Ⳃ E
FORC SMISC 1
ᢝ࡯ NMISC 1
VELOCITY NMISC 2
䰏ሐ࡯ NMISC 3

8.5 ‫؛‬ᅮ੠䰤ࠊ
བᵰKEYOPT(2)ㄝѢ0ˈᔍㇻ-䰏ሐऩ‫ⱘܗ‬䭓ᑺህϡ㛑ㄝѢ0DŽे㡖⚍I੠Jϡ㛑䞡ড়DŽ㒉
৥ᔍㇻऩ‫߮ܗ‬ᑺা೼䭓ᑺᮍ৥䍋԰⫼DŽᡁ䕀ᔍㇻऩ‫ܗ‬া೼㒩݊䕈㒓ⱘ䕀ࡼᮍ৥䍋԰⫼ˈህ
䈵ᡁ䕀ᴚϔḋDŽऩ‫ܗ‬া‫ܕ‬䆌ᔍㇻЁⱘഛࣔᑨ࡯DŽབᵰऩ‫⫼ܗ‬Ѣᑨ࡯ᔎ࣪៪㗙໻বᔶߚᵤˈ
߭KEYOPT(2)ᖙ乏Ў0DŽབᵰKEYOPT(3)=1˄ᡁ䕀˅⫼Ѣ໻বᔶˈതᷛ㋏гϡ᳈ᮄDŽ
䗮䖛䆒㕂k៪c v ㄝѢ0ৃҹߴᥝᔍㇻ៪䰏ሐࡳ㛑DŽབᵰ(c v)2 ϡㄝѢ0ˈ߭ऩ‫ܗ‬ᰃ䴲㒓ᗻⱘˈ
Ϩ䳔㽕ᕾ⦃∖㾷˄KEYOPT(1)=1˅DŽ
བᵰKEYOPT(2)໻Ѣ0ˈ߭ऩ‫ܗ‬া᳝ϔϾ㞾⬅ᑺDŽ䖭Ͼ㞾⬅ᑺᣛᅮ೼㡖⚍തᷛ㋏ЁˈϨ
੠ϸϾ㡖⚍ⳌৠDŽབᵰ㡖⚍തᷛ㋏П䯈᳝Ⳍᇍ䕀ࡼˈⳌৠ㞾⬅ᑺৃ㛑Ӯ᳝ϡৠⱘᮍ৥˄಴
㗠㒭ߎৃ㛑ϡৃᛇ䈵ⱘ㒧ᵰ˅DŽԚᰃˈऩ‫ܗ‬ᘏᰃ‫؛‬ᅮЎϔ㓈԰⫼DŽ㡖⚍I੠Jৃ㛑೼ぎ䯈Ё
ⱘӏԩԡ㕂˄гৃ㛑䞡ড়˅DŽᇍѢϡ䞡ড়ⱘ㡖⚍੠KEYOPT(2)=1ˈ2៪3ˈᇚϡ㗗㰥࡯ⶽ԰
⫼DŽгህᰃ䇈ˈབᵰ㡖⚍Ң԰⫼㒓Ϟ‫ৃⶽ࡯ˈ⿏أ‬㛑Ӯϡᑇ㸵DŽऩ‫ܗ‬ᅮНЎ㡖⚍JⳌᇍѢ㡖
⚍Iⱘℷ৥ԡ⿏ՓᔍㇻᢝԌDŽབᵰ೼㒭ᅮᴵӊϟˈ㡖⚍I੠JѸᤶˈ㡖⚍JⳌᇍѢ㡖⚍Iⱘℷ৥
ԡ⿏Փᔍㇻय़㓽DŽབᵰKEYOPT(2)ᰃ䳊ˈҹϞ䖭↉䅼䆎ϡ䗖⫼DŽ

9. 㒧ᵘ䲚Ё䋼䞣ऩ‫ܗ‬MASS21

9.1 ऩ‫ܗ‬䇈ᯢ
MASS21ᰃ‫݋‬᳝6Ͼ㡖⚍㞾⬅ᑺⱘ⚍ऩ‫ˈܗ‬6Ͼ㞾⬅ᑺߚ߿Ўxˈy੠zᮍ৥ᑇ㸠⿏ࡼ੠㒩
xˈy੠z䕈ⱘ䕀ࡼDŽ೼ϡৠⱘതᷛ䕈ᮍ৥ৃҹᅮНϡৠⱘ䋼䞣੠䕀ࡼᛃ䞣DŽ

9.2 䕧᭄ܹ᥂
2
䋼䞣ऩ‫ܗ‬᳝ϔϾ㡖⚍ᵘ៤ˈ䲚Ё䋼䞣‫ܗ‬㋴˄Force*Time /Length˅ᅮН೼ऩ‫ܗ‬തᷛ㋏ᮍ
2
৥ˈ䕀ࡼᛃ䞣˄Force*Length*Time ˅ᅮН೼㒩ऩ‫ܗ‬തᷛ㋏䕈ⱘᮍ৥DŽऩ‫ܗ‬തᷛ㋏ⱘ߱ྟത
ᷛ㋏ৃҹᑇ㸠Ѣᭈԧワवᇨതᷛ㋏ˈ៪㗙㡖⚍തᷛ㋏˄KEYOPT(2)˅DŽ೼໻বᔶߚᵤЁˈ
ऩ‫ܗ‬തᷛ㋏Ӯ䱣ⴔ㡖⚍തᷛ㋏䕀ࡼDŽ᳝ϔѯ䗝乍ৃҹᗑ⬹䕀ࡼᛃ䞣ˈՓऩ‫ܗ‬䰡ЎѠ㓈ऩ‫ܗ‬
˄KEYOPT(3)˅DŽབᵰऩ‫ܗ‬া䕧ܹњϔϾ䋼䞣ˈ߭‫؛‬ᅮ৘Ͼതᷛᮍ৥Ϟⱘ䋼䞣䛑প䖭ϾؐDŽ
䖭Ͼऩ‫ⱘܗ‬തᷛ㋏⼎ᛣ೒བ೒1.17᠔⼎DŽ

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೒1.17 䲚Ё䋼䞣ऩ‫ܗ‬MASS21

KEYOPT(1)=1ᅮН䋼䞣ᣝĀԧ⿃*ᆚᑺāⱘᔶᓣ䕧ܹˈ䖭ᯊ‫ܕ‬䆌⫼/ESHAPEੑҸᰒ⼎
䋼䞣ߚᏗDŽ

9.3 MASS21ऩ‫ܗ‬䕧᭄ܹ᥂ᨬ㽕
ऩ‫ܗ‬ৡ⿄ MASS21
㡖⚍ I
㡖⚍㞾⬅ᑺ UX, UY, UZ, ROTX, ROTY, ROTZˈབᵰKEYOPT(3)=0
UX, UY, UZˈབᵰKEYOPT(3)=2
UX, UY, ROTZˈབᵰKEYOPT(3)=3
UX, UYˈབᵰKEYOPT(3)=4˄㡖⚍㞾⬅ᑺԡѢ㡖⚍തᷛ㋏Ё˅
ᅲᐌ᭄ MASSX, MASSY, MASSZ, IXX, IYY, IZZˈབᵰKEYOPT(3)=0
MASSˈབᵰKEYOPT(3)=2
MASS, IZZˈབᵰKEYOPT(3)=3
MASSˈབᵰKEYOPT(3)=4˄䋼䞣੠䕀ࡼᛃ䞣ᮍ৥г೼ऩ‫ܗ‬തᷛ㋏ˈ㾕খ᭄KEYOPT(2)˅DŽ
ᴤ᭭খ᭄ DENS˄བᵰKEYOPT(1)=1˅
㸼䴶㥋䕑 ᮴
ԧ㥋䕑 ᮴
⡍⅞ࡳ㛑 ໻বᔶˈऩ‫⌏⅏ܗ‬DŽ
KEYOPT(1) 0 -- ᅲᐌ᭄ᰃ䋼䞣੠䕀ࡼᛃ䞣
1 -- ᅲᐌ᭄ᰃԧ⿃੠䕀ࡼᛃ䞣/ᆚᑺ˄ᆚᑺᖙ乏೼ᴤ᭭খ᭄Ё䕧ܹ˅
KEYOPT(2) 0 – 䍋ྟऩ‫ܗ‬തᷛ㋏ᑇ㸠Ѣᭈԧワवᇨതᷛ㋏
1 -- 䍋ྟऩ‫ܗ‬തᷛ㋏ᑇ㸠Ѣ㡖⚍തᷛ㋏
KEYOPT(3) 0 -- ᏺ䕀ࡼᛃ䞣ⱘ3-D䋼䞣
2 -- ϡᏺ䕀ࡼᛃ䞣ⱘ3-D䋼䞣
3 -- ᏺ䕀ࡼᛃ䞣ⱘ2-D䋼䞣
4 -- 2-D䋼䞣ϡᏺ䕀ࡼᛃ䞣ⱘ

9.4 䕧ߎ᭄᥂
㡖⚍ԡ⿏Ꮖ㒣ࣙ৿೼ᭈԧԡ⿏㒧ᵰЁˈ䆹ऩ‫≵ܗ‬᳝݊Ҫⱘ㒧ᵰ䕧ߎDŽ

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9.5 ‫؛‬ᅮ੠䰤ࠊ
2-Dऩ‫؛ܗ‬ᅮԡѢᭈԧワवᇨⱘZ=ᐌ᭄ⱘᑇ䴶DŽབᵰᣛᅮњKEYOPT(2)=1ˈऩ‫ܗ‬ᇚ೼
㡖⚍തᷛ㋏Ё᪡԰DŽ䋼䞣ऩ‫≵ܗ‬᳝䴭࡯ߚᵤ㾷ˈ䰸䴲ᣛᅮњࡴ䗳ᑺǃ䕀ࡼࡴ䗳ᑺDŽ៪㗙⫼
[IRLF]ੑҸ䗝ᢽњ䞞ᬒᛃᗻDŽབᵰ˄KEYOPT(3)=0˅ˈᷛ‫ⱘޚ‬䋼䞣ᨬ㽕䕧ߎᇚ෎ѢMASSXˈ
MASSY੠MASSZⱘᑇഛؐDŽ೼ᛃᗻ䞞ᬒߚᵤЁˈՓ⫼ᭈϾⶽ䰉DŽ

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