
























     








  He 



   


 A
X A 4
Y  42 He
Z Z 2


 
 U

 234
 U  90 Th  42 He






 











  226
88 Ra           
    
        
         222
 86 Rn .     
226 A 4
88 Ra  ZX  2 He
        226 222
 42 He
          88Ra  86Rn


                
226 222
 Ra       Rn 
88 86
     
 42 He 
           
    
         
       

   
     



 
 146 C   
14
7N ,  






1
0n  11p  e   í e 


     
 


 146 C 
 

14
6C  147 N  e   í e
 






226
Ra 
88


 

   
14
  6 C. 

222
Rn 
86
 
  222

86 Rn 

  
 









222 222
86 Rn  86 Rn   


 


 




 








• 
• 

•  


 




   



 


 
 

 


  










 
 



  
t 
    
      
 



 
 






 

 

     

  
 
 


N0 1
 N 0 e ë T1/ 2 Þ  e ë T1/ 2
2 2



ln 2 0,693
Ô½   
ë ë


 

 




 126C        
        
       
 
        
        
         
  
         
         
        



                  
         
        

        ÄÍ / Ät 3,7 10 4 s  1
         N    9 1
 1,25 1012 
ë 29,5 10 s
     
 
 
         
        
   


 146 C 
 146 C


 146 C 
 126 C  
  
 


14
6 C  126 C     



 146 C  126 C 
 146 C .


14
6C




   







 








       

 

     

 

 


 14
 6 C      
14
    C             
6
       N 0,0386
   0,378 . 
N0 0,102

                   

 146 C    

ln( N 0 / N ) 0 ,971
14 t   8030 ÷ñüíéá
 6C       ë 1,21 10  4  ÷ñ 1
       0,693
        ë   1,21 104 ÷ñ 1
         5730÷ñ
 

 





   





4 14 17
2 He  7 N  8 O  11 H

   




  








  


2
Q   M A  M B  M   M   c 






    

 





 235
92 U 




 235
92 U

 
 
 
1 235 141 92 
0n  92 U  56 Ba  36 Kr  3 10 n






















 
 
 







 

    
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 

  


 




 


1
1H  11H  21H  e   í e
1
1H  21H  32 He  ã
1
1H  32He  4
2 He  e  í e






  

 



 11H 
 42 He , 


    




















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  









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



     
         
 
 

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
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
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
 


  
 

   


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


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

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





 
 
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
    


  





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
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

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



  









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
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
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




  





 



 









  


   








 






 
 
 

 






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