We know that farther we go from a higher object, lesser the angle we need to shoot the object.

So, for
minimum angle, fish must be at the maximum possible distance from where moth can be shot at 4 m s -
1
. So for projectile motion, fish must be at distance from where water reaches its maximum height
when it hits the moth.

The max height, H = 80 cm or 0.8 m

Initial speed of shooting water, v = 4 m s-1
We need to figure out angle in terms of H and v.
The horizontal motion takes place with the velocity v CosThis velocity is constant throughout the
flight because gravity acts only vertically. If x be the horizontal distance covered in time t, then

x = (v cost or t = x / v cos   

Let y be the vertical distance covered in time t,
y(t) = v sint + ½ ayt2
= v sint - ½ gt2 …* ay = -g]
 = v sin(x / v cos- ½ g (x / v cos …*From (1)+
= x tan - gx2 / 2v2 cos    …(2)

Velocity at maximum height = 0

Let time taken to reach maximum height = t1
0 = v singt1 …* v = u + at+
gt1 = v sin
t1 = v sing

So, when t = t1 , y(t) = H

H = (v sin) t1 - ½ gt12 …*from (2)+
H = v sin * v sin/g - ½ g (v sin/g)2
H = v2 sin2/ g - v2 sin2/ 2g
 H = v2 sin2/ 2g
   sin= √(2gh / v2)
 = sin-1 (√2gh / v2)
 = sin-1 (√2*9.8*0.8 / 4*4)
   = 81.87o
So, 81.87o is the minimum angle at which archer fish can shoot the moth with water at speed of 4 m s-1.
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