Outline how the sex chromosomes determine gender by

referring to the inheritance of X and Y chromosomes in

humans

State that some genes are present on the X chromosome and

absent from the shorter Y chromosome in humans

Define Sex-Linkage

Sex linkage is the association of a characteristic with gender, because

the gene controlling the chromosome is located on a sex chromosome.

State two example of sex-linkage

Color blindness and hemophilia- both these conditions are produced by

a recessive sex-linked allele on the X chromosome.

State that a human female can be homozygous or

heterozygous with respect to sex-linkage genes.

Explain that female carriers are heterozygous for X-linked

recessive alleles