ÂÅÑÖI ÍÀÖÛßÍÀËÜÍÀÉ ÀÊÀÄÝÌII ÍÀÂÓÊ ÁÅËÀÐÓÑI  2 2005

ÑÅÐÛß ÔIÇIÊÀ-ÌÀÒÝÌÀÒÛ×ÍÛÕ ÍÀÂÓÊ

ÓÄÊ 519.65

Ë. À. ßÍÎÂÈ×, Ì. Â. ÈÃÍÀÒÅÍÊÎ
ÎÁ ÎÄÍÎÌ ÊËÀÑÑÅ ÔÎÐÌÓË
ÎÏÅÐÀÒÎÐÍÎÃÎ ÈÍÒÅÐÏÎËÈÐÎÂÀÍÈß ÝÐÌÈÒÀ-ÁÈÐÊÃÎÔÀ
 ÏÐÎÑÒÐÀÍÑÒÂÅ ÄÈÔÔÅÐÅÍÖÈÐÓÅÌÛÕ ÔÓÍÊÖÈÉ
Èíñòèòóò ìàòåìàòèêè ÍÀÍ Áåëàðóñè,
Áåëîðóññêèé ãîñóäàðñòâåííûé óíèâåðñèòåò
(Ïîñòóïèëà â ðåäàêöèþ 01.11.2004)

Ââåäåíèå. Ïðè ïîñòðîåíèè èíòåðïîëÿöèîííûõ ôîðìóë äëÿ îïåðàòîðîâ, çàäàííûõ íà

ôóíêöèîíàëüíûõ ïðîñòðàíñòâàõ, ìîãóò èñïîëüçîâàòüñÿ ôóíäàìåíòàëüíûå èíòåðïîëÿöèîí-
íûå ìíîãî÷ëåíû, ñîîòâåòñòâóþùèå ðàçëè÷íûì ïîñòàíîâêàì çàäà÷ èíòåðïîëÿöèè ñêàëÿðíûõ
ôóíêöèé. Íà îñíîâå òàêîãî ïîäõîäà áûë ïîëó÷åí ðÿä ôîðìóë îïåðàòîðíîãî èíòåðïîëèðîâà-
íèÿ ðàçíûõ âèäîâ [13]. Äàííàÿ ñòàòüÿ ïîñâÿùåíà äàëüíåéøåìó ðàçâèòèþ ýòîãî íàïðàâëåíèÿ.
Ðàññìîòðèì èíòåðïîëÿöèîííóþ çàäà÷ó Ýðìèòà-Áèðêãîôà â îáîáùåííîì âàðèàíòå. Ïîä
îáîáùåííûì îïåðàòîðíûì èíòåðïîëèðîâàíèåì áóäåì ïîíèìàòü èíòåðïîëèðîâàíèå îïåðàòî-
ðîâ, ïðè êîòîðîì èìååò ìåñòî ñîâïàäåíèå â óçëàõ íåêîòîðûõ îïåðàòîðíî-äèôôåðåíöèàëüíûõ
âûðàæåíèé. Ïðèâåäåì àíàëîã ýòîé çàäà÷è äëÿ ñëó÷àÿ ñêàëÿðíûõ ôóíêöèé.
Ïóñòü íà ÷èñëîâîì ìíîæåñòâå D çàäàíû ÷åáûøåâñêàÿ ñèñòåìà íåïðåðûâíî äèôôåðåíöè-
ðóåìûõ íåîáõîäèìîå ÷èñëî ðàç íà T ⊆ R ôóíêöèé {ϕk (t)}N k=0 è ñîîòâåòñòâóþùèå ìíîãî÷ëåíû
âèäà
N
X
PN (t) = ck ϕk (t), (1)
k=0
ãäå ck  êîìïëåêñíûå èëè äåéñòâèòåëüíûå ÷èñëà (k = 0, 1, . . . , N ; N = 0, 1, 2, . . .).
Îáîçíà÷èì ÷åðåç I = {εij }m,n
i,j=0 ìàòðèöó ðàçìåðíîñòè (m+1)×(n+1), ýëåìåíòû εij êîòîðîé
0 èëè 1; Nm,n = {(i, j) : εij = 1}  ìíîæåñòâî ïàð ÷èñåë i è j, êîòîðûå îïðåäåëÿþò èíäåêñû
íåíóëåâûõ ýëåìåíòîâ ýòîé ìàòðèöû; Mm,n = Nm,n \Nm,0 .
Èíòåðïîëÿöèîííàÿ çàäà÷à Ýðìèòà-Áèðêãîôà äëÿ ôóíêöèè f (t) (t ∈ T ) ñîñòîèò â ïîñòðî-
åíèè ìíîãî÷ëåíà Bm,n (t) ≡ Bm,n (f ; t) âèäà (1), óäîâëåòâîðÿþùåãî óñëîâèÿì
Dj Bm,n (ti ) = Dj f (ti ) (i, j) ∈ Nm,n , (2)
ãäå ti (i = 0, 1, ..., m)  ðàçëè÷íûå òî÷êè èç T, à Dj (j = 0, 1, ..., n)  íåêîòîðûå äèôôåðåí-
öèàëüíûå èëè äðóãîãî âèäà îïåðàòîðû.  ÷àñòíîñòè, â êà÷åñòâå Dj ìîãóò áûòü âûáðàíû
X j
ëèíåéíûå äèôôåðåíöèàëüíûå îïåðàòîðû âèäà Dj f (t) = aνj f (ν) (t), ãäå aνj  çàäàííûå
ν=0
÷èñëà, à D0 f (t) = f (t).
Çàìåòèì, ÷òî äàæå â ñëó÷àå àëãåáðàè÷åñêîãî èíòåðïîëèðîâàíèÿ ñêàëÿðíûõ ôóíêöèé çà-
äà÷à Ýðìèòà-Áèðêãîôà íå âñåãäà ðàçðåøèìà [4]. Ïîýòîìó ïðåäïîëîæèì, ÷òî óêàçàííûé èí-
òåðïîëÿöèîííûé ìíîãî÷ëåí Bm,n (f ; t) ñóùåñòâóåò è çàïèñàí â âèäå
X (m)
Bm,n (f ; t) = Hij (t)Dj f (ti ). (3)
(i,j)∈ Nm,n

1
 (m)
Çäåñü Hij (t) (i = 0, 1, ..., m; j = 0, 1, ..., n)  ìíîãî÷ëåíû êëàññà (1), äëÿ êîòîðûõ âûïîëíÿ-
(m)
þòñÿ óñëîâèÿ Dν Hij (tk ) = δik δνj , ãäå δij  ñèìâîë Êðîíåêåðà. Êðîìå òîãî, áóäåì ïîëàãàòü,
÷òî åñëè â êà÷åñòâå àðãóìåíòà t ôóíêöèé ϕk (t) è f (t) è óçëîâ èíòåðïîëèðîâàíèÿ tk âçÿòü
ñîîòâåòñòâåííî ýëåìåíòû x ≡ x(t) è xk ≡ xk (t) (t ∈ T ) ïðîñòðàíñòâà X (ïðè÷åì òàêèå, ÷òî
çíà÷åíèÿ ôóíêöèé x(t), xk (t) ïðèíàäëåæàò D), òî ôîðìóëû âèäà (3) ñóùåñòâóþò è äëÿ íèõ
âûïîëíÿþòñÿ óñëîâèÿ (2).
Ïóñòü, äàëåå, X = X(T )  çàäàííîå ïðîñòðàíñòâî ãëàäêèõ íà T ôóíêöèé, íà êîòîðîì
îïðåäåëåí îïåðàòîð F : X → Y (Y  òàêæå íåêîòîðîå ôóíêöèîíàëüíîå ïðîñòðàíñòâî), äëÿ
êîòîðîãî ν−ûå äèôôåðåíöèàëû Ãàòî δ ν F [x; h1 , h2 , ..., hν ] ñîäåðæàò ïðîèçâåäåíèå ôóíêöèé
h1 (t), h2 (t), ..., hν (t) (hi (t) ∈ X).
Ðàññìîòðèì ñëåäóþùèå îïåðàòîðíî-äèôôåðåíöèàëüíûå âûðàæåíèÿ âèäà
j
X
D̃j F (x) ≡ D̃j F [x; h1 , h2 , ..., hj ] = aνj δ ν F [x; h1 h2 ...hj ], (4)
ν=1

ãäå δ ν F [x; h1 h2 ...hj ]  äèôôåðåíöèàë Ãàòî ν−ãî ïîðÿäêà îïåðàòîðà F â òî÷êå x ïî íà-
ïðàâëåíèÿì h1 , h2 , ..., hν−1 , à ν−îå íàïðàâëåíèå ÿâëÿåòñÿ ïðîèçâåäåíèåì âèäà hν hν+1 ...hj
(hν = hν (t) ∈ X). Äàëåå ñ÷èòàåì, ÷òî D̃0 F (x) = F (x).  ÷àñòíîñòè, ïðè aνj = δνj áóäåì
èìåòü D̃j F (x) = δ j F [x; h1 h2 ...hj ].
Åñëè F (x) = f (x(t)), ãäå f (u)  ÷èñëîâàÿ ôóíêöèÿ, èìåþùàÿ ïðîèçâîäíóþ ïîðÿäêà j â
òî÷êå u = x(t), òîãäà ñïðàâåäëèâî ðàâåíñòâî D̃j F (x) = Dj f (x) h1 (t)h2 (t)...hj (t).
×åðåç D̃j F [x; h] àíàëîãè÷íî, êàê è äëÿ ñëó÷àÿ äèôôåðåíöèàëîâ Ãàòî, áóäåì îáîçíà÷àòü
îïåðàòîð âèäà (4), êîãäà hν (t) ≡ 1 äëÿ ν = 1, 2, ..., j − 1, à j−îå íàïðàâëåíèå hj (t) ≡ h(t).
Áóäåì ðàññìàòðèâàòü òàêæå îïåðàòîðíûå ìíîãî÷ëåíû Pµ,ν : X → Y âèäà

N Z
X dν
PN (x) = ak (ν; s, t) ϕk (x(t))dt (ν = 0, 1, 2, ...), (5)
dtν
k=0 T

ãäå ak (ν; s, t)  ôèêñèðîâàííûå ôóíêöèè (s ∈ R, t ∈ T ). Ïðåäïîëàãàåòñÿ, ÷òî èíòåãðàëû, âõî-

äÿùèå â ôîðìóëó (5), ñóùåñòâóþò, à íåîáõîäèìûå â äàëüíåéøåì ïðåîáðàçîâàíèÿ äîïóñòèìû.
Ðàíåå áûëî óñòàíîâëåíî [3], ÷òî îïåðàòîðíûé ìíîãî÷ëåí

Bm,n (x) = F (xp )+

X Z1 X
(m) (m)
+ δF [xp + τ (xi − xp ); Hi0 (x)(xi − xp )]dτ + D̃j F [xi ; Hij (x)], (6)
(i,0)∈Nm,0 0 (i,j)∈Mm,n

ãäå xp  ôèêñèðîâàííûé óçåë, ñîîòâåòñòâóþùèé íåíóëåâîìó ýëåìåíòó εp0 ìàòðèöû I, óäî-

âëåòâîðÿåò èíòåðïîëÿöèîííûì óñëîâèÿì

Bm,n (xi ) = F (xi ) (i, 0) ∈ Nm,0 ; D̃j Bm,n (xi ) = D̃j F (xi ) (i, j) ∈ Mm,n . (7)

(Êîãäà ìíîæåñòâî Nm,0 ïóñòîå, òî ïåðâûå äâà ñëàãàåìûå â (6) è ïåðâàÿ ãðóïïà ðàâåíñòâ â
(7) îòñóòñòâóþò). X (m)
Åñëè èìååò ìåñòî òîæäåñòâî σm (t) ≡ 1, ãäå σm (t) = Hi0 (x(t)), è ôîðìóëà (3)
(i,0)∈Nm,0
òî÷íà äëÿ îáîáùåííûõ ìíîãî÷ëåíîâ (1) ïðè ëþáûõ ðàçëè÷íûõ óçëàõ ti (i = 0, 1, ..., m), òî
èíòåðïîëÿöèîííàÿ ôîðìóëà (6) áóäåò òî÷íà äëÿ îïåðàòîðíûõ ìíîãî÷ëåíîâ âèäà (5). Ïîëó÷èì
íåñêîëüêî äðóãîé âàðèàíò ôîðìóëû (6).

2
 Ôîðìóëû, ñîäåðæàùèå äèôôåðåíöèàëû è èíòåãðàëû Ñòèëòüåñà
( èíòåðïî-
1, τ ≥ t;
ëèðóåìîãî îïåðàòîðà. Ââåäåì ÷èñëîâóþ ôóíêöèþ χ(τ, t) âèäà χ(τ, t) = ãäå
0, τ < t,
0 < τ < 1, à χ(0, t) ≡ 0 è χ(1, t) ≡ 1.
Ò å î ð å ì à. Îïåðàòîðíûé ìíîãî÷ëåí

Bm,n (x) = F (xp )+

X Z1 X
(m) (m)
+ Hi0 [x(τ )]dτ F [xp (·) + χ(τ, ·)(xi (·) − xp (·))] + D̃j F [xi ; Hij (x)], (8)
(i,0)∈Nm,0 0 (i,j)∈Mm,n

ãäå xp  ôèêñèðîâàííûé óçåë, ñîîòâåòñòâóþùèé íåíóëåâîìó ýëåìåíòó εp0 ìàòðèöû I, óäî-

âëåòâîðÿåò èíòåðïîëÿöèîííûì óñëîâèÿì (7). Åñëè èìååò ìåñòî òîæäåñòâî σm (t) ≡ 1
è ôîðìóëà (3) òî÷íà äëÿ îáîáùåííûõ ìíîãî÷ëåíîâ (1) ïðè ëþáûõ ðàçëè÷íûõ óçëàõ ti (i =
0, 1, ..., m), òîãäà èíòåðïîëÿöèîííàÿ ôîðìóëà (8) áóäåò èíâàðèàíòíà îòíîñèòåëüíî îïåðà-
òîðíûõ ìíîãî÷ëåíîâ âèäà (5) â ñëó÷àå ν = 0 è T = [0, 1].
(m)
Ä î ê à ç à ò å ë ü ñ ò â î. Òàê êàê ïðè x = xq ñïðàâåäëèâû ðàâåíñòâà D̃0 Hi0 (xq ) = δiq äëÿ
Z1
(m)
(i, 0) ∈ Nm,0 , D̃0 Hij (xq ) = 0 äëÿ (i, j) ∈ Mm,n , òî Bm,n (xq ) = F (xp ) + dτ F [xp (·) +
0
χ(τ, ·)(xq (·) − xp (·))] = F (xq ).
Îïåðàòîðû D̃j F (x), çàäàâàåìûå ôîðìóëîé (4), ïðèìåíèòåëüíî ê Bm,n (x) â òî÷êå x = xk
j
X
ïðè j ≥ 1, (k, j) ∈ Mm,n , èìåþò âèä D̃j Bm,n (xk ) = aνj δ ν Bm,n [xk ; h1 h2 ...hj ], à òàê êàê
ν=1
(m) (m) (m)
= Dν Hij (xk ) h1 (t)h2 (t)...hν (t) è Dν Hij (xk ) = δik δνj , òî
D̃ν Hij (xk ) èç âñåõ ñëàãàåìûõ â
(m)
(8),ñîäåðæàùèõ âûðàæåíèÿ Hij (x), îñòàíóòñÿ òîëüêî òå, äëÿ êîòîðûõ k = i è ν = j. Îòñþäà
è ñëåäóåò âòîðàÿ ãðóïïà ðàâåíñòâ â (7).
Z1
Ïóñòü îïåðàòîð F (x) èìååò âèä F (x) = a(s, t)ϕk [x(t)]dt, ãäå a(s, t)  íåêîòîðàÿ çàäàí-
0
íàÿ ôóíêöèÿ (k = 0, 1, . . . , N ; s ∈ R). Òîãäà, èñïîëüçóÿ îïåðàòîðû (4), ïîëó÷èì, ÷òî

j
X Z1
dν
D̃j F (x) = aνj a(s, t) ϕk (x(t)) h1 (t)h2 (t)...hj (t)dt,
dxν
ν=1 0

à
h i Xj Z1
(m) dν (m)
D̃j F xi ; Hij (x) = aνj a(s, t) ν ϕk (xi (t)) Hij (x(t))dt.
dx
ν=1 0

Äëÿ ñëàãàåìîãî, ñîîòâåòñòâóþùåãî èíäåêñó (i, 0) ïåðâîé ñóììû â (8), è ýòîãî êëàññà îïå-
ðàòîðîâ ñ ó÷åòîì ñâîéñòâ ôóíêöèè χ(τ, t) áóäåò âûïîëíÿòüñÿ ðàâåíñòâî

Z1
(m)
Hi0 [x(τ )]dτ F [xp (·) + χ(τ, ·)(xi (·) − xp (·))] =
0
 τ 
Z1 Z Z1 
(m)
= Hi0 (x(τ ))dτ a(s, t)ϕk (xi (t))dt + a(s, t)ϕk (xp (t))dt dτ =
 
0 0 τ

3
 Z1
(m)
= a(s, t)Hi0 (x(τ )) {ϕk (xi (τ )) − ϕk (xp (τ ))} dτ.
0
Îòñþäà ñëåäóåò
Z1 X
© (m)
Bm,n (x) = a(s, t) ϕk (xp (t)) + Hi0 (x(t))[ϕk (xi (t)) − ϕk (xp (t))]+
0 (i,0)∈Nm,0
X (m) ª
+ Hij (x(t))Dj ϕk (xi ) dt.
(i,j)∈Mm,n
X (m)
Ó÷èòûâàÿ òîæäåñòâî Hij (x(t))Dj ϕk (xi ) ≡ ϕk (x(t)) (k = 0, 1, ..., N ), ïîëó÷èì
(i,j)∈Nm,n

Z1 X Z1
(m)
Bm,n (x) = a(s, t) Hij (x(t))Dj ϕk (xi )dt = a(s, t)ϕk (x(t))dt ≡ F (x).
0 (i,j)∈Nm,n 0

Òàêèì îáðàçîì, èíòåðïîëÿöèîííàÿ ôîðìóëà (8) èíâàðèàíòíà îòíîñèòåëüíî îïåðàòîðíûõ

ìíîãî÷ëåíîâ PN (x) êëàññà (5) â ñëó÷àå T = [0, 1] è ν = 0.
Ôîðìóëû ëàãðàíæåâà è ýðìèòîâà òèïà, àíàëîãè÷íûå ôîðìóëàì (6), (8), ïîëó÷åíû ñîîò-
âåòñòâåííî â ðàáîòàõ [5] è [6].
Ôîðìóëû Ýðìèòà-Áèðêãîôà äëÿ êîíêðåòíûõ ÷åáûøåâñêèõ ñèñòåì. Ðàññìîò-
ðèì èíòåðïîëÿöèîííûå ôîðìóëû, âêëþ÷àþùèå çíà÷åíèå îïåðàòîðà òîëüêî â îäíîì óçëå,
à çíà÷åíèÿ äèôôåðåíöèàëüíî-îïåðàòîðíîãî âûðàæåíèé îò èíòåðïîëèðóåìîãî îïåðàòîðà â
äðóãèõ óçëàõ, îòëè÷íûõ îò íåãî.
Åñëè ìíîæåñòâî Nm,0 = {(0, 0)}, òîãäà âòîðîå ñëàãàåìîå â ïðàâîé ÷àñòè ôîðìóë (6) è (8)
áóäåò îòñóòñòâîâàòü è ñîîòâåòñòâóþùèå èíòåðïîëÿöèîííûå ìíîãî÷ëåíû çàïèøóòñÿ êàê
X (m)
Bm,n (x) = F (xp ) + D̃j F [xi ; Hij (x)]. (9)
(i,j)∈Mm,n

1. Ïóñòü I  êâàäðàòíàÿ äèàãîíàëüíàÿ ìàòðèöà ðàçìåðíîñòè (m + 1) × (m + 1), ñîîòâåò-

ñòâóþùàÿ èíòåðïîëÿöèîííîé çàäà÷å Àáåëÿ-Ãîí÷àðîâà: ìíîæåñòâî Nm,0 ñîñòîèò èç íóëåâîé
ïàðû (0, 0), à ìíîæåñòâî Mm,m  èç ýëåìåíòîâ (k, k), k = 1, 2, ..., m.  êà÷åñòâå îïåðàòîðîâ
Dj âûáåðåì îïåðàòîðû äèôôåðåíöèðîâàíèÿ: Dj ϕ(t) = ϕ(j) (t), j = 0, 1, ..., m. Èçâåñòåí ïðî-
ñòîé ÿâíûé âèä [7] àëãåáðàè÷åñêèõ ìíîãî÷ëåíîâ Pk (t), äëÿ êîòîðûõ âûïîëíÿþòñÿ óñëîâèÿ
(j)
Pk (tj ) = δkj . Èíòåðïîëÿöèîííàÿ ôîðìóëà (9) â ýòîì ñëó÷àå ïðèìåò âèä
m
X
Bm,m (x) = F (x0 ) + D̃j F [xk ; Pk (x)], (10)
k=1

ãäå D̃j F (x) = δ j F [x; h1 h2 ...hj ], j = 1, 2, ..., m.

Îïåðàòîðíûé ìíîãî÷ëåí Bm,m (x), çàäàííûé ôîðìóëîé (10), óäîâëåòâîðÿåò èíòåðïîëÿöè-
îííûì óñëîâèÿì

Bm,m (x0 ) = F (x0 ), δ k Bm,m [xk ; h1 h2 ...hk ] = δ k F [x1 ; h1 h2 ...hk ], k = 1, 2, ..., m.

Äëÿ ïîãðåøíîñòè rm (x) = F (x) − Bm,m (x), ãäå Bm,m (x)  èíòåðïîëÿöèîííûé ïîëèíîì
âèäà (10), èìååò ìåñòî ïðåäñòàâëåíèå

rm (x) = δ m+1 F [x; Pm+1 (x)]. (11)

4
 Çäåñü, êàê è ðàíüøå, δ m+1 F [x; h] îçíà÷àåò, ÷òî íàïðàâëåíèÿ hν (t) ≡ 1 äëÿ ν = 1, 2, ..., m,
à hm+1 (t) = Pm+1 (x(t)).
Ïðåäïîëîæèì, ÷òî X è Y  íîðìèðîâàííûå ïðîñòðàíñòâà. Åñëè äëÿ äèôôåðåíöèàëîâ
D̃j F [x; h] â òî÷êå x ∈ X âûïîëíÿþòñÿ íåðàâåíñòâà k D̃j F [x; h] k≤ c k h k (0 ≤ c < ∞). Òîãäà
äëÿ ïîãðåøíîñòè èíòåðïîëèðîâàíèÿ (11) ñïðàâåäëèâà îöåíêà

k rm (x) k≤ c k Pm+1 (x) k . (12)

Îäíà èç âîçíèêàþùèõ çäåñü ýêñòðåìàëüíûõ çàäà÷ ñîñòîèò â íàõîæäåíèè óçëîâ èíòåð-

ïîëÿöèè xk (t) (k = 0, 1, . . . , m), äëÿ êîòîðûõ íîðìà â îöåíêå ïîãðåøíîñòè (12) ïðèíèìàåò
íàèìåíüøåå çíà÷åíèå.
·2. Ïóñòü çàäàíû
¸ äâà óçëà èíòåðïîëèðîâàíèÿ x0 = x0 (t) è x1 = x1 (t), à òàêæå ìàòðèöà
1 0 0 0
I= .  ýòîì ñëó÷àå ìíîæåñòâî M1,3 = {(1, 2), (1, 3)}.
0 0 1 1
 êà÷åñòâå {ϕk (t)}2k=0 âûáåðåì ýêñïîíåíöèàëüíóþ ñèñòåìó ôóíêöèé âèäà {1, eλ1 x , eλ2 x }
(λ1 6= λ2 ) è ïîëîæèì D̃2 F (x) = δ 2 F [x, h1 h2 ], D̃3 F (x) = δ 3 F [x, h1 h2 h3 ]. Òîãäà ôîðìóëà (9)
ïðèìåò âèä
(1) (1)
B1,3 (x) = F (x0 ) + δ 2 F [x1 ; H12 (x)] + δ 3 F [x1 ; H13 (x)], (13)
ãäå
(1) (1)
H12 (x) = a1 λ2 + a2 λ1 − b1 λ2 eλ1 x − b2 λ1 eλ2 x , H13 (x) = −a1 − a2 + b1 eλ1 x + b2 eλ2 x ,

(−1)i−1
ai = bi eλi x0 , bi = , i = 1, 2.
λ2i (λ1 − λ2 )eλi x1
Îïåðàòîðíûé ìíîãî÷ëåí B1,3 (x), çàäàííûé ôîðìóëîé (13), óäîâëåòâîðÿåò èíòåðïîëÿöè-
îííûì óñëîâèÿì

B1,3 (x0 ) = F (x0 ), δ 2 B1,3 [x1 , h1 h2 ] = δ 2 F [x1 , h1 h2 ], δ 3 B1,3 [x1 , h1 h2 h3 ] = δ 3 F [x1 , h1 h2 h3 ].

 
1 0 0 0
3.  ñëó÷àå òðåõ óçëîâ xk = xk (t) (k = 0, 1, 2) è ìàòðèöû I =  0 0 1 0  äëÿ
0 0 0 1
îïåðàòîðà
(2) (2)
B2,3 (x) = F (x0 ) + δ 2 F [x1 ; H12 (x)] + δ 3 F [x2 ; H23 (x)], (14)
ãäå
(2) (2)
H12 (x) = a2,2 λ2 − a1,2 λ1 − b2 λ2 eλ1 x + c2 λ1 eλ2 x , H23 (x) = a1,1 − a2,1 + b1 eλ1 x − c1 eλ2 x ,

eλ2 xi eλ1 xi
a1,i = ci eλ2 x0 , a2,i = bi eλ1 x0 , bi = 2 , ci = 2 , d = λ1 eλ1 x2 +λ2 x1 − λ2 eλ1 x1 +λ2 x2 , i = 1, 2,
λ1 d λ2 d
ñïðàâåäëèâû ðàâåíñòâà

B2,3 (x0 ) = F (x0 ), δ 2 B2,3 [x1 , h1 h2 ] = δ 2 F [x1 , h1 h2 ], δ 3 B2,3 [x2 , h1 h2 h3 ] = δ 3 F [x2 , h1 h2 h3 ].

Ôîðìóëû (13) è (14) ÿâëÿþòñÿ òî÷íûìè äëÿ îïåðàòîðîâ

Z Z
dν dν
F (x) = a0 (ν; s) + K1 (ν; s, t) ν eλ1 x(t) dt + K2 (ν; s, t) ν eλ2 x(t) dt,
dt dt
T T

ãäå a0 (ν; s), Ki (ν; s, t)  çàäàííûå ôóíêöèè (s ∈ Rm , t ∈ T ; i = 1, 2, ν = 0, 1, ...).

5
 4.  çàêëþ÷åíèå ïðèâåäåì åùå îäèí ïðèìåð [3] ôîðìóë òàêîãî âèäà. Ïóñòü u1 (s) è u2 (s)
 ïîëîæèòåëüíûå íåïðåðûâíûå íà R ôóíêöèè, ïðè ýòîì ïðåäïîëàãàåòñÿ, ÷òî ôóíêöèÿ u1 (s)
ÿâëÿåòñÿ íåïðåðûâíî äèôôåðåíöèðóåìîé íà ÷èñëîâîé îñè R, à
Zx Zx Zs
ϕ1 (x) = u1 (s)ds, ϕ2 (x) = u1 (s) u2 (τ )dτ ds,
x0 x0 x1

ãäå x0 = x0 (t), x1 = x1 (t), à òàêæå x2 = x2 (t)  óçëû èíòåðïîëèðîâàíèÿ; x = x(t) (t ∈ T ).

Ïîëîæèì
µ ¶0
2 1 1
D̃1 F [x; h] = δF [x; h], D̃2 F [x; h] = δ F [x; h] + δF [x; h],
u1 (x) u1 (x)
ãäå, êàê è ðàíüøå, â äèôôåðåíöèàëå âòîðîãî ïîðÿäêà ïåðâîå íàïðàâëåíèå ïîëàãàåì ðàâíûì
åäèíèöå, à âòîðîå  u−1 (x)h.
Äëÿ îïåðàòîðíîãî ìíîãî÷ëåíà
B2,2 (x) = F (x0 ) + D̃1 F [x1 ; ρ1 (x)] + D̃2 F [x2 ; ρ2 (x)], (15)
ϕ1 (x) ϕ2 (x)
ãäå ρ1 (x) = , ρ2 (x) = , âûïîëíÿþòñÿ èíòåðïîëÿöèîííûå óñëîâèÿ
u1 (x1 ) u2 (x2 )
B2,2 (x0 ) = F (x0 ), D̃1 B2,2 [x1 ; h1 ] = D̃1 F [x1 ; h1 ],
D̃2 B2,2 [x2 ; h2 ] = D̃2 F [x2 ; h2 ] (h1 , h2 ∈ X). (16)
Ïåðâûå äâà ñîîòíîøåíèÿ â (16) èìåþò ìåñòî â ñèëó ñïðàâåäëèâîñòè ðàâåíñòâ ρ1 (x0 ) =
ρ2 (x0 ) = 0, D̃1 ρ1 [x1 ; h] = h, D̃1 ρ2 [x1 ; h] = 0.  ðåçóëüòàòå íåñëîæíûõ âû÷èñëåíèé ïîëó÷èì,
÷òî D̃2 ρ1 [x2 ; h] = 0, à D̃2 ρ2 [x2 ; h] = h (h ∈ X).
Ðàññìîòðèì ÷àñòíûé ñëó÷àé ôîðìóëû (15). Ïóñòü ui (s) = eλi s (i = 1, 2), òîãäà, ïðîâåäÿ
íåîáõîäèìûå ïðåîáðàçîâàíèÿ, ïîëó÷èì
· ¸ " #
e λ1 x − e λ1 x 0 e(λ1 +λ2 )x − e(λ1 +λ2 )x0 eλ1 x − eλ1 x0
B2,2 (x) = F (x0 ) + D̃1 F x1 ; + D̃2 F x2 ; − .
λ1 eλ1 x1 λ2 (λ1 + λ2 )eλ2 x2 λ1 λ2 eλ2 (x2 −x1 )

Ðàáîòà âûïîëíåíà ïðè ôèíàíñîâîé ïîääåðæêå Áåëîðóññêîãî ðåñïóáëèêàíñêîãî ôîíäà

ôóíäàìåíòàëüíûõ èññëåäîâàíèé (ïðîåêò  Ô04Ð-003).
Ëèòåðàòóðà
1. ß í î â è ÷ Ë. À., È ã í à ò å í ê î Ì. Â. // Äîêë. ÍÀÍ Áåëàðóñè. 1998. Ò. 42,  3. Ñ. 9  16.
2. Ì à ê à ð î â Â. Ë., Õ ë î á û ñ ò î â Â. Â., ß í î â è ÷ Ë. À. Èíòåðïîëèðîâàíèå îïåðàòîðîâ. Êèåâ, 2000.
3. ß í î â è ÷ Ë. À., Ä î ð î ø ê î Â. Â. // Âû÷èñëèòåëüíàÿ ìàòåìàòèêà è ìàòåìàòè÷åñêèå ïðîáëåìû ìå-
õàíèêè: Òð. Óêðàèíñê. ìàòåì. êîíãðåññà. Êèåâ, 2002. Ñ. 137  145.
4. Ò ó ð å ö ê è é À. Õ. Òåîðèÿ èíòåðïîëèðîâàíèÿ â çàäà÷àõ. Ìèíñê, 1968.
5. ß í î â è ÷ Ë. À., È ã í à ò å í ê î Ì. Â. // Òð. Èí-òà ìàòåìàòèêè ÍÀÍ Áåëàðóñè. Ìí., 2002. Ò. 11. Ñ. 157 
167.
6. È ã í à ò å í ê î Ì. Â., ß í î â è ÷ Ë. À. // Âåñöi ÍÀÍ Áåëàðóñi. Ñåð. ôiç.-ìàò. íàâóê. 2004.  1. Ñ. 5 
11.
7. Å â ã ð à ô î â Ì. À. Èíòåðïîëÿöèîííàÿ çàäà÷à Àáåëÿ-Ãîí÷àðîâà. Ìîñêâà, 1954.

L. A. YANOVICH, M. V. IGNATENKO
ABOUT ONE CLASS OF OPERATOR INTERPOLATION FORMULAS HERMITE-BIRKHOFF
IN THE SPACE OF DIFFERENTIABLE FUNCTIONS

Summary
The paper is devoted to the construction of Hermite-Birkho type interpolation formulae for operators based on
interpolation polynomials for numeral functions with respect to the Chebyshev system of functions. The obtained
formulae are exact for a special class of operator polynomials of corresponding degrees. The special cases are
considered.

6
ÓÄÊ 519.65

ß í î â è ÷ Ë. À., È ã í à ò å í ê î Ì. Â. Îá îäíîì êëàññå ôîðìóë îïåðàòîðíîãî èíòåðïîëèðîâàíèÿ Ýðìè-

òà-Áèðêãîôà â ïðîñòðàíñòâå äèôôåðåíöèðóåìûõ ôóíêöèé // Âåñöi ÍÀÍ Áåëàðóñi. Ñåð. ôiç.-ìàò.
íàâóê. 2005.  2. Ñ. 11  16.
Ïîñòðîåíû èíòåðïîëÿöèîííûå ôîðìóëû òèïà Ýðìèòà-Áèðêãîôà äëÿ îïåðàòîðîâ, îïðåäåëåííûõ íà
ìíîæåñòâå äèôôåðåíöèðóåìûõ ôóíêöèé. Ïîëó÷åííûå ôîðìóëû îñíîâàíû íà ôóíäàìåíòàëüíûõ èíòåðïîëÿ-
öèîííûõ ìíîãî÷ëåíàõ ñîîòâåòñòâóþùåãî âèäà îòíîñèòåëüíî ïðîèçâîëüíîé ÷åáûøåâñêîé ñèñòåìû äëÿ ÷èñëî-
âûõ ôóíêöèé. Ðàññìîòðåíû ÷àñòíûå ñëó÷àè.
Áèáëèîãð.  7 íàçâ.