MODERN WORLD

CHAPTER 10
Late Eighteenth and Nineteenth Centuries

Three revolutions :
1. Industrial revolution (Britain -1760)
2. American Revolution (1775)
3. French Revolution ( 1789)

 The Enlightenment or Age of reason –

shift to more rational and scientific
approach to religious, political, social,
and economic issue.
Neoclassicism & Romanticism
Neoclassicism

Refers to the classical revival in European art,

architecture, decorative & visual arts, literature
and interior design that lasted from the mid-
eighteenth to the early nineteenth century. This
period gave rebirth to the art of ancient Rome
and Greece and the Renaissance as an
opposition to the ostentatious Baroque and
Rococo art that preceded the movement.
Characteristics:
-brought back and depicted Roman history
-formal composition
-the use of diagonals shows the apex of
emotion/moment (versus a regular moment)
-local color
-overall lighting
-classic geo-structure
-completed canvas
Jacques-Louis David, is a painter that led
the way to revolutions in both art and
politics. Believing that arts should serve a
political purpose in a time of social and
government reform.
Jacques-Louis David
Oath of the Horatii-1784
Angelica Kauffmann – was a Swiss-
Austrian
Neoclassical painter and trained by her
father. Her work Cornelia, Pointing To Her
Children as Treasure was painted a year
after
David’s Oath of the Horatii.
Angelica Kauffmann
Cornelia, Pointing To Her Children as
Treasure
Romanticism, 1800s-1810s
The word romanticism comes from romance. This
new wave of emotional expression motivated the most
creative artists in Europe from about 1825-1850.
Romanticism was a complex artistic, literary, and
intellectual movement that originated in the second
half of the 18th century in Europe and gain strength in
reaction to the industrial revolution.

If Neoclassicism refers to a specific style,

Romanticism refers to an attitude that inspired a
number of style. imagination and emotion are more
valuable.
Characteristics:
-shows the height of action
-emotional extremes
-celebrated nature as out of control
-dramatic compositions
-heightened sensation (life and death
moments)
Francisco Goya
THE THIRD OF MAY.1808
John Constable
THE HAY WAIN 1821

Early 19th century english painting was dominated by an interest

in landscape.