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S&UWV<XBY8V2Z\[^]`_<XBY¨_2X
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bkdzef]rZghnV<U¡S)dQZ8etX&_<hn_lo<p‘>_<X¾dU4dXkZ0d8,kuvu##<q”<”y&<\—t<,>\x<x2”f
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129<?r‰w-{2wf,)uvu#vµ<—\y”˜s,#G}C-3+\x<x2”f
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G€C~\x<x<µt

z|’
 Normalized Antenna Gain + 40 dB
90
40
120 60 120 degree antenna

30 90 degree antenna

60 degree antenna
150 20 30

10

180 0

210 330

240 300

“ GZRVL:hx] z ‹f PVW4GZPQwxGyuMèsPQw6wv]ohxd?+©uhewvK4]Ob {,t k ’{>t kPVM4W z²Q{,t W4Gyhx]^iŠwxGyuMPQ}PQMwx]^M:M:P4[

270

1.5

γ=3
γ=4
γ=5
1

0.5

−0.5

−1

−1.5

“ GyRL:h6]  ‹OJTu .V]^hxPVR]YPVhx]^P×,u +„PâcPVd6]YdwjPQw6GZuMíioup s:h6Gyd6GyM:RÃwxK:hx]o] z|V{ W:]^Rh6]^]èW4Gyhx]oiowxGyuMP•}

−1.5 −1 −0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5

PVMTwv]oM:MPVdok;PÐn+GZW4]ŠH¾cm]gPQp wvhG˜Hdx]oiowvuVhei^]Š}y}MA©N  ` J E k:nUK4]^hx]?d6uV}˜GZWÜ}˜GZM:]od+hx]os:hx]odx]^MTw K:*›s‰uVwxK:]owH

GyigPQ}d6]^iowxuh i^uMTwvuVL:hxdokM:uM!HdxuV}˜GZWO}yGyM:]od1PQMPQ}6*›w6GZi^PQ}dx]oiowvuVh iouMTwvuL4hxd^kmPVM4W ” Gyd+wvK:]bsP•wvKè}Zud6d
]Š”!smuM:]oMw^[

V{
 1.5

γ=3
γ=4
γ=5
1

0.5

−0.5

−1

−1.5

“ GyRL:h6] Ž ‹ J/u .V]^hvPQR]×PVhx]^P>,u +‡P>cPVdx]ïdwjPQw6GZuM ioup s:h6Gyd6GyM:RíwvK:h6]^L] b { W4]^Rh6]^]âW4Gyhx]oiowxGyuMP•}

−1.5 −1 −0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5

PVMTwv]oM:MPVdok–PrMPVhxh6u|neH¾cm]gPVp wvhG˜Hdx]^iŠwvuh\io]o}˜}DAŒl1 ` J E kÁnUK:]^h6]ÜdxuV}˜GZW }˜GZM4]^d\hx]os:hx]odx]oMw7K:*›s‰u•H

wvK4]owxGyigP•}Ád6]^iŠwvuh1i^uMTwvuVL:hxdok‰M:uVM!H¾d6uV}yGyWY}˜GyM:]^d„PVMPQ}6*wxGyigPQ}dx]oiowxuh„iouMTwvuL:h6d^k‰PVM:W ” GZd wvK:]ðsPQwxK
}yudxdU]Š”!smuM:]oMw^[

0.8
A
0.6

0.4

0.2

0 B
−0.2 O
−0.4

−0.6

−0.8

−1
−1 −0.8 −0.6 −0.4 −0.2 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1

“ GyRL:h6]  ‹JTu .V]^hxPVR]ePQhx]gP+,u +:P+cPVdx]–d6wvPQwxGyuMði^up s:hGZdGZM4R1wvK4hx]^

] b { W:]oRhx]o](W4Gyhx]oiow6GZuM:PQ}!PVMTwv]^M›H
MPVdokTP1M:PVhxh6u²neHc‰]^PVp 1LPVW!Hdx]^iŠwvuhÆi^]o}˜}°A¬l„?mbJ E k•nUK:]ohx]ed6uV}˜GZW€}˜GZM4]^dØh6]^s:h6]^dx]oMTwK*›smuVwvK4]owxGyigP•}
dx]oiowxuhUi^uMTwvuVL:hxdokmM4uM!H¾d6uV}˜GZWè}yGyM:]od1PQMPQ}6*›w6GZi^PQ}dx]oiowvuVh iouMTwvuL4hxd^[

!z
 4 4 4
5 5 5
6 6 6
7 7 7 7
8 8 8 8
9 9 9 9
1 1 1
2 2 2
3 3 3
4 4 4
5 4
5 5 5
6 6 6
7 6
8 7 7
9 8 8
9 9
1 1 1 1
2 2 2 2
3 3 3 3
4 4 4
5 5 5
6 6 6
7 7 7 7
8 8 8 8
9 9 9 9
1 1 1
2 2 2
3 3 3
4 4 4 4
5 5 5 5
6 6 6 6
7 7 7
8 8 8
9 9 9
1 1 1
2 1
3 2 2 2
3 3 3

“ GyRL:hx] ‘ ‹ _ N  ` JEd-*›d6wx]^p n+G˜wvKOhx]oL:dx]D+¼PViowxuh9Yjf Ž [

4 4 4
6 5 6 5 6 5
7 7 7 7
9 8 9 8 9 8 9 8
1 1 1
3 2 3 2 3 2
4 4 4 4
6 5 6 5 6 5 6 5
7 7 7
9 8 9 8 9 8
1 1 1 1
3 2 3 2 3 2 3 2
4 4 4
6 5 6 5 6 5
7 7 7 7
9 8 9 8 9 8 9 8
1 1 1
3 2 3 2 3 2
4 4 4 4
6 5 6 5 6 5 6 5
7 7 7
9 8 9 8 9 8
1 1 1 1
3 2 3 2 3 2 3 2

“ GZRL4hx]Fb4‹ _ MYl„ ` JEd-*›d6wx]^p n+G˜wvKOhx]oL:dx]D+¼PViowxuh Ylf Ž [


 4 òò 6òóòó óòóò óòóò óòóò 4 þþ 6þÿþÿ ÿþÿþ þÿþÿ ÿþÿþ 4

5 òò òóòó óòóò óòóò óòóò 5 þþ þÿþÿ ÿþÿþ þÿþÿ ÿþÿþ












6 







þ þÿ ÿþ 1þÿ ÿþ 3
    

    

ò òó óò 1óò óò 3
    














5  

1
    

    












3
 

1


2
ëêëê êëêë ëêëê ëêëê
ëêëê êëêë ëêëê ëêëê
3
4 ô õô õô õô õô
2 2 2
ôô 6 õôõô õôõô õôõô õôõô
4 4

ëêëê êëêë ëêëê 1 ëêëê 5 ô õô õô õô 1 õô

6

6

ô õô õô õô õô 3

5

1 1
2 3 3

íìíì íìíì íìíì íìíì íìíì ÷6ö÷ö ÷ö÷ö ÷ö÷ö ÷ö÷ö

2 2 2
4
ìííì ìííì ìííì ìííì ìííì
4
÷ö÷ö ÷ö÷ö ÷ö÷ö ÷ö÷ö
4  








6
    
   

íì íì íì íì1 íì 3 ÷ö ÷ö ÷ö1 ÷ö 3
   

5
 










5 6
5
   

    

   

 







1


 








3
3
ïîïî ïîïî ïîïî ïîïî
2 2
4 ø ùø ùø ùø ùø
2 2
ø 6 ùø ùø ùø ùø
4
ïîïî ïîïî ïîïî ïîïî 5 øø ùøùø ùøùø ùøùø ùøùø
4  








6
   
   

ïî ïî 1ïî ïî 3
6
ø ùø ùø ùø 1 ùø 3
    
   

   
   

5 










5
 










1
    

   

   

1
   

3
    

   

   

   

2 3
ñðñð ñðñð ñðñð ñðñð 4 ûú ûú ûú ûú
2 2 2
6ûú ûú ûú ûú
4
ðññð ðññð ðññð ðññð 5 ûúûú ûúûú ûúûú ûúûú
6
4
6
   
   

    
   

ñð ñð ñð 1 ñð 3 ûú ûú ûú 1 ûú 3
   

   

    
   

5  






















5 1
   

   

1
    

   

   
   

    

4 ü ýü ýü ýü ýü
   

2 3 3
éèéè éèéè éèéè éèéè üü 6 ýüýü ýüýü ýüýü ýüýü
2 2 2

éèéè éèéè éèéè éèéè

4
5 ü ýü ýü ýü ýü
4

üü ýüýü ýüýü ýüýü1 ýüýü

   
   
   
   

6 6
éè éè 1éè éè 3
   
   
   
   

5 










5









 
 
1 1
   
 
   
 

   
   
   
   

3 3 3
2 2 2
2

“ GyRL:hx] … ‹ _ N  ` JEd-*›d6wx]^p n+G˜wvKOhx]oL:dx]D+¼PViowxuh9Yjf  [

4 4 4
5 6 5 6 5 6
1 1 1 1
2 3 2 3 2 3 2 3
4 4 4
5 6 5 6 5 6
1 1 1 1
2 3 2 3 2 3 2 3
4 4 4
5 6 5 6 5 6
1 1 1 1
2 3 2 3 2 3 2 3
4 4 4
5 6 5 6 5 6
1 1 1 1
2 3 2 3 2 3 2 3
4 4 4
5 6 5 6 5 6
1 1 1 1
2 3 2 3 2 3 2 3
4 4 4
5 6 5 6 5 6
1 1 1 1
2 3 2 3 2 3 2 3

“ GZRVL:hx] u ‹ _ M l1 ` J d;*!dwv]op n+G˜wvKOhx]oL:dx]D+¼PViŠwvuh9Ylf  [

VŽ
 1 2

5 6 4 3 5 6

2 1 8 7 2 1 8 7 2 1

3 4 6 5 3 4 6 5 3 4

1 2 7 8 1 2 7 8 1 2

4 3 5 6 4 3 5 6 4 3

2 1 8 7 2 1 8 7 2 1

3 4 6 5 3 4 6 5 3 4

7 8 1 2 7 8

4 3

“ GZRVL:hx] ’ ‹ _  Hdx]oiowvuVh io]o}˜}=}àP@*VuL4w„PVM:WÜGZMTwx]^h6}y]gP@.V]^WâijKPVM4M:]o}ÁPVd6d6GyRM:p ]^MTw n+GywxK‰Ylf  [

0
10


a: 3−sector cell with 120 deg antenna



b: 3−sector cell with 60 deg antenna

c: 4−sector cell with 90 deg antenna
!

d: 4−sector cell with 60 deg antenna

Prob (X < abscissa)

c
−1


a: WBTC
10 

d: NBQC


b: NBTC

−2
10
−90
 −86  −82  −78 −74  −70


Normalized Received Signal Power, X (dB)

“ GyRL:h6] z|{ ‹–J/u .]ohvPVR]ðsm]^-h +©uVhxp7PVM:io]ðioup sPVhGZd6uMYu>+ÁwxK:] Ž H¾d6]^iowxuh+i^]Š}y}yL4}ZPVh d-*›d6wx]^p PVM:WèwvK4]

 Hdx]^iŠwvuhi^]o}˜}yL4}àPQhed-*›d6wx]^pCn+GywxK Ž WÖ #c‰]^PVp‡n+GyW4wxKÜ]21LPQ}%wxusb {,t k ’{>t k:PQM:W z²V{>t GyMëwv]^h6p deu,+
wvK4]ðM4uhxp7PQ}˜GZ~o]^WYhx]^io]oG6.]oWrs‰u|n(]^h k4nUK4]^hx]OÕBf u W=® ” f  ®:hx]oL:dx]D+¼PViŠwvuh9Ylf  [

Q
 0
10 &

0
3−sector cell with 120 antennas (WBTC)
&

0
3−sector cell with 60 antennas (NBTC)
'

o
4−sector cell with 90 antennas
'

o
4−sector cell with 60 antennas (NBQC)

Prob(SIR < abscissa)

−1
10
%

3−sector cell

4−sector cell

−2
10
−10
"
−5 0
#
5
$
10 15 20 25
SIR (dB)

“ GyRL:h6] zz ‹@^q cf sm]^;h +©uhxp7PVM4i^]Üi^uVp7s:PVh6GydxuMíu,++wxK:] Ž Hdx]^iŠwvuhÐi^]o}˜}yL4}àPQh\d-*›d6wx]^p PVM4W>wvK:]  H

dx]oiowxuhÐio]o}˜}ZL4}ZPVh€d;*›d6wv]op n+G˜wvK"+©L!}y}–wvhxP>Q7it}yuTPVW>PQM:W Ž W: c‰]^PVp‡n+GyW4wxK ]21LPQ}(wvu4b { t k ’{ t k
PVM:W z²V{ t k:nUK:]ohx]OՄf u W=® ” f  ®hx]oL:dx]D+¼PViowxuh9Ylf  [

30
NBQC, N = 2
NBTC, N = 3
25 NBTC, N = 2
*

WBTC, N = 2

20
90 percentile SIR

15

10

0
0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0
channel utilization, ρc

“ GZRL4hx] z² ‹]^h-+©uVhxp7PVM:io]‡u,+ ’{ sm]^hxio]^MTwxG˜}y]€q^cf.V]^h6dxL:d1ijKPVM:M:]Š}L4wxG˜}yGy~gP•wxGyuM%k ô õ [

‘
 130
NBQC, N = 2, S = 4
120
NBTC, N = 3, S = 3
110 NBTC, N = 2, S = 3
*

100 WBTC, N = 2, S = 3

90

Cell Capacity (Erlang) 80

70
+

60

50

40

30

20

10

0
11 13
&

15 17 19
90 percentile SIR requirement (dB)

“ GZRL4hx] z|Ž ‹–J]Š}y}i^PVsPViŠGyw*8.V]^h6dxL:dq^cf hx]1›L!GZh6]^p ]^MTw=+©uVh9YF‘Äf Ž{{ [

130

120

110
Capacity Improvement Percentage

100

90
NBQC (N=2) over WBTC, (N=2)
80 NBQC (N=2) over NBTC, (N=2)
70 NBQC (N=2) over NBTC, (N=3)
,

60

50

40

30

20

10

0 & '

11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19
90 percentile SIR requirement (dB)

“ GyRL:h6] zg ‹JePQsPVioG˜w*ëGyp s:hx/u .]op ^] MTw„u>+l„?mbJ#n+GywxKOh6]^L:d6]w+¼PViowxuh?Ylf  u/.V]^hewvK4]bl„ ` J

n+G˜wvKBYjf Ž kl„ ` J n+GywxK‰Ylf  kPVM:WèN  ` J n+G˜wvKBYlf  [

b