DIABETES MELLITUS

 Diabetes is the third leading cause of

death after heart disease and cancer!
What is diabetes?

 group of metabolic diseases

characterized by high blood
sugar (glucose) levels..
Insulin
 Hormone produced by beta cells of
the pancreas
 Lowers the blood glucose level
 The absence or insufficient production
of insulin couses hyperglycemia
What is the impact of
diabetes?
 blindness
 kidney failure
 nerve damage
 atherosclerosis
 strokes
 coronary heart disease
 and other large blood vessel diseases..
What causes diabetes?

 insufficient production of insulin

 production of defective insulin
 inability of cells to use insulin properly
and efficiently
Glucose
 simple sugar found in
food
 essential nutrient that
provides energy
 is broken down in the
small intestine
 the abundant utilized
glucose is excreted in
the urine
What are the different
types of diabetes?
 Two major types of diabetes
 1) type 1 (IDDM)
 2) type 2 (NIDDM)
Insulin dependent diabetes
mellitus (IDDM)
 patient with type 1 diabetes must rely
on insulin medication for survival
 the beta cells are attacked by the
misdirected immune system
 type 1 diabetes tends to occur in young
usually before 30 years of age
 latent autoimmune diabetes in adults
(LADA)
Non-insulin dependent
diabetes mellitus (NIDDM)
 NIDDM, or adult onset diabetes
mellitus (AODM).
 patients can still produce insulin, but
do so relatively inadequately for their
body's needs
 occurs mostly in individuals over 30
years
Gestational diabetes
 diabetes can occur
temporarily during
pregnancy
 usually resolves once
the baby is born
 25%-50% of women
with gestational
diabetes will eventually
develop type 2
diabetes later in life
What are diabetes
symptoms?
 dehydration
 weight loss
 fatigue, nausea and
vomiting
 inflammation of the
bladder, skin and
vaginal areas
 blurred vision
 lethargy
 coma
Risks factors
Thank you for your
attention!

Veselina Dineva