Close-up view of commutator

and brush assembly

Basic Generator Action

Generation of DC Voltage
Basic Motor Action
d’Arsonval Meter Movement
Magnetic Force on an Electric
Charge
Applied Technology
 Magnetically operated switch

Security Sensors
Security Sensors
Magnetic Tachometer
Magnetic Recording Devices
Speakers
Relays
Schematic Symbol for Relays
 Pull-in Current
◦ The amount of current through the relay’s coil to produce a
strong magnetic field that is strong enough to move the
armature and change the switch contacts
 Drop-out Current
◦ The amount of current in the coil that the force of the spring
returns the relay to its de-energized state
 Pick-up Voltage
◦ The amount of voltage in the coil that the force of the spring
returns the relay to its de-energized state
 Drop-out Voltage
◦ The amount of voltage in the coil that the force of the spring
returns the relay to its de-energized state

Relay Specification
Solenoids
Magnetic Shielding