p


Ô 
 

Where;
A = first number
n = number of terms
D = difference

Generalizing Arithmetic Sequences

a , (a+d) , (a +2d) , (a + 3d) .... And so the last
term must be (a+ (n-1) d)

If we pair up all the terms in the sequence we

can easily find the sum of all the terms. Eg with
the sequence 1, 2, 3 ...+ ...+ 10
1+9 8+2 7+3 4+6 and 5

r


 
  
rair up; a + (a+(n-1)d) = 2a + (n-1)d 2nd rair; (a+2d) + (a+(n-2)d = 2a + (n-1) d
They all equal 2a + (n-1)d! So we simply have to times this by the number of pairs we have which is n/2. So we have come to
n/2 (2a +(n-1)d
 ë   
Differentiation is finding the GRADIENT of a tangent at the point on the curves

Finding the equation of the tangent;

Find the equation to the tangent of the curve
y=3x^2 + 2 at x =1

1) Differenciate the equation of curve

2) Substitute X =1 into the Differention to find the
gradient of the tangent
3) Substitute X = 1 into the original equation of the
curve to find a Y value
4) rlug all the values into y-y1 = M (x-x1)
Handy Tip for
Where M is the gradient
remembering;
In ë
 
we ë   
the power



  
 

 
In 
 
we 
  the
We use the same method However;
power
Once we have differenciated and found the gradient we then take the

   
of the gradient.
 _   
_   



 

   

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mFor example integrating (f)· 2x + 4

Gives us y = x^2 + 4x + c (the general
solution)

mIf we are told that our curve passes through

the point (1,9)

mThen f(1) = 9 and so we substitute 1 in;

1 ^2 + 4(1) + C = 9
Handy Tip for
remembering; mTherefore C must equal 4 and so the equation
In ë
 
we ë    of our curve is
the power
In 
 
we 
  the
Y = x^ 2 + 4x + 4 (the particular solution)
power
 p
 r  

When you see intersecting lines think

of Simultaneous equations!

mIf two lines are parallel they

have the same gradient.
mA perpendicular line has a
negative reciprocal of the
gradient.
 ‰
 
r

moves the graph 
moves the graph 

moves the graph to the  
) moves the graph to the 

stretches the graph in the y axis by the  
stretches the graph in the x axis by a