4-29

(a) The final pressure is equal to the initial pressure, which is determined from
mp g 2
(12 kg )(9 .81 m/s ) 1 kN
P2 =P 1=P atm + 2 =88 kPa+
πD /4 (
π (0. 25 m) /4 1000 kg .m/s 2
2 )=90 . 4 kPa

(b) The specific volume and enthalpy of R-134a at the initial state of 90.4 kPa and -10C
and at the final state of 90.4 kPa and 15C are (from EES)
v1 = 0.2302 m3/kg h1 = 247.76 kJ/kg
3
v 2 = 0.2544 m /kg h2 = 268.16 kJ/kg
The initial and the final volumes and the volume change are
V 1 =mv1 =(0 . 85 kg)(0 . 2302 m 3 /kg)=0 . 1957 m3
V 2 =mv2 =(0. 85 kg )(0. 2544 m 3 /kg)=0. 2162 m3
ΔV =0 . 2162−0 .1957=0 . 0205 m 3
(c) The total enthalpy change is determined from
ΔH =m(h2 −h1 )=(0 .85 kg )(268. 16−247 .76 ) kJ/kg=17 . 4 kJ/kg

4-33

V1 = V/m = 1.595/ 10 Kg = 0.1595 m3 / Kg

P (sat at -26.4 C) = 100 KPa
P2 = 100 KPa, T2 = 100 C
So from the tables V2 = 0.30138 m3/Kg
Final Volume V2= mV2= 10 * 0.30138 = 3.0138 m3

4-50

(a) T = Tsat @800 kPa = 170.41 C

(b) The total mass in this case can easily be determined by adding the mass of each phase,
mf = Vf / vf =0.1 m3/ 0.001115 m3/kg = 89.704 kg
mg = Vg/ vg = 0.9 m3/ 0.24035 m3/kg = 3.745 kg
m t = m f + m g = 89.704 + 3.745 = 93.45 kg

(c) At the final state water is superheated vapor, and its specific volume is

P2 = 800 kPa, T2 = 350 C

So V2 = 0.35442 m /kg

(Table A-6)

Then,

V 2 = mt v 2 = (93.45 kg)(0.35442 m 3 /kg) = 33.12 m 3

4-60

(a)
Tsat@3.5 MPa = 242.6°C (Table A-5)
Then, the initial temperature becomes
T1 = 242.6+5 =247.6°C
Also,
P1= 3.5 MPa , T1= 247.6 C
So, h1 = 2821 kJ/kg (Table A-6)
(b)
The properties of steam when the piston first hits the stops are
P2 = P1 = 3.5 MPa
X2 = 0
So, h2 = 1049.7 kJ/kg and V2 = 0.001235 m3/Kg (Table A-5)
Then, the enthalpy change of steam becomes
h2-h1 = 1049.7 - 2821.1 = -1771 kJ/kg
(c)
At the final state
V3 = V2 = 0.001235 m3/Kg , T3 = 200 C
So, P3 = 1555 kPa , x3= 0.0006 (Table A-4 or EES)

The cylinder contains saturated liquid-vapor mixture with a small mass of vapor at the
final state.