Geothermal Energy &

Geothermal Power Plants

Introduction

 What does geothermal mean??

 What is geothermal energy??

 Usage
 Usage of geothermal energy in past.

 Usage in present scenario.

140000
120000
Current
100000
80000 Today's Technology
60000
Enhanced
40000 Technology
20000
0
8,000 72,492 138,131
Geothermal heat & earth’s surface
 Other method of generation

Electricity can be
generated even if no
source of hot water
 Two Wells are drilled.
 Rocks between the wells are
fractured.
 Cool water is pumped down
from first well.
 Hot water is pumped up from
second well.
Geothermal to Electrical

 Geothermal energy to electrical energy.

Types of Geo. Power plants

 Dry steam type power plant

 Flash power plant

 Binary power plant

 Dry Steam Type
“Dry” steam extracted from
natural reservoir
180-225 ºC
4-8 MPa
200+ km/hr (100+ mph)
Steam is used to drive a
turbo generator
Steam is condensed and
pumped back into the ground
Can achieve 1 kWh per 6.5
kg of steam
 Flash Type
Steam with water extracted
from ground
Pressure of mixture drops at
surface and more water
“flashes” to steam
Steam separated from water
Steam drives a turbine
Turbine drives an electric
generator
Generate between 5 to 100
MW
Use 6 to 9 tones of steam
per hour
 Binary Type

Low temps – 100 ºC and

150 ºC
Use heat to vaporize
organic liquid
E.g., iso-butane, iso-pentane
Use vapour to drive turbine
Causes vapour to condense
Recycle continuously
Typically 7 to 12 % efficient
0.1 – 40 MW units common
 Why Geothermal Power Plant??

 Clean

 Easy on the land.

 Cost Effective
Why Geothermal Power Plant??

 Reliable

 Flexible
 Other usage

 Non electric usage of

geothermal energy

-- Geothermal heat pump

-- Direct use
 Other aspects

 How much electricity from geothermal energy??

Future of Geothermal Energy

 Geothermal power generation growth is

continuing, but at a lower pace than in the
previous decade, while direct heat uses show
a strong increase compared to the past.
 The total world use of geothermal power is
giving a contribution both to energy saving
(around 26 million tons of oil per year) and to
CO2 emission reduction (80 million tons/year
if compared with equivalent oil-fuelled
production)
Conclusion

 Cleanliness

 Simple concept

 Widely available
Thank You!!