How to read Signs? Swaras in Saptak : a) w/Natural iL b) =ta/Flat 4 c) dta/Sharp 4 ga =x/Total Swaras : ; | ; aig ar (BT) t ‘Tea TAS (AT) ‘an aa (at) Lower Octave Middle Octave Higher Octaveva. orga feet Grace note / Ue Presentation of 7 multiple notes ing? 7 — ower octave oe Flat note / Resting time / Sharp note! Se a forte SN a NY 3 Rota gee 2 alo onl a Notes) ce aas alms s Sia a a ffs)am s A GF + —Words/me a x, Q ° <— Tal signs / arafera ' : : m wom - jm - - -|R mw wla t wm fF «—Notes/m fR % s fajm gs s s/%s ss ss ss) s ot fa @ +«—Words/uq 3 x ie 2 +— Tal signs / mrefere ie | Khali | ereft wis/ fre Khand / Vibhag Continuation of previous / * Slide / ts - It is generally understood as glide from one note to the other. * Grace note / sure - When note has some linking with preceding or succeeding note; it is known as kan swar. * - Kan swar is never fully pronaunced. Tam 7 ae a waa:We Hea Cet ate ditatet — ATT 16 1 2 How to read Signs?( For Taal ) 3 aT fa fi wa —x 5 6 7 gett areft at fa fa 5 at Ara Ute—_2 9 10 1 caret / a fi fF ureit +—0 13 14 15 3 tae a fa ci 13 ATT +3 — Wet Hoh & ater wt ster Hea FI — Fea St recht arch ate z | 4 7 |__tas — fret ate & fret‘ _L’ fare ater 2, at wa em oer F ators are | va. fardizHow to read Signs? Pt. Bhatkhande style of notation Here are some guidelines to sign conventions for reading these notations : Seven Shuddha Swar (Pure Notes indicated without any bars) : Sa, Re, Ga, Ma, Pa, Dha, Ni Four Komal Swar (Flat Notes indicated by a line below) : Re, Ga, Dha, Ni One Teevra Swar (Sharp Note indicated by a vertical Bar above) : Ma Saptak (Octave) is a complete set of notes from one base note (Sa) to the next. Madhya Saptak (Middle Octave) : The octave achieved by normal frequency of voice. These notes are indicated without any dots above or below. Sa, Re, Ga, Ma, Pa, Dha, Ni Mandra Saptak (Lower Octave) : The octave before Madhya Saptak. This has lower notes. These Notes are indicated by placing a dot beneath the corresponding note. Ni Dha Pa Ma Ga Re Taar Saptak (Higher Octave) : The octave after Madhya Saptak. This has higher notes. These Notes are indicated by placing a dot above the corresponding note. Sa, Re, Ga, Ma, Pa, Dha, Ni Matra (Beat) : Equally spaced strokes (pulsations), which are units of measuring a Taal (Cyclic Rhythm). “(A Dash) : Employed for lengthening a Note by one beat. Re-Ga- “S" Avagrah : It is used for lengthening the words of lyrics. Shya sss m Chandra (Half Moon) : All Notes inside the half moon are rendered in one Matra (Beat). Ga Pa "()" Note within Brackets : The Note within brackets is sung very fast to include notes after and before it, so that the notes blend and sound as one Note. The order for these Notes is one Note after the Note in brackets, the Note in brackets, the Note before and finally the Note in brackets. (Pa)- Dha Pa Ma Pa. Kan Swar (Grace Note) : A note is written in small font on top left corner of another note. This means the Note in small font needs to be touched enroute to the next note. In the following example, Ni is the Kan swar. Ni Pa Dha.Meend : Indicated by a reverse moon on top of the corresponding notes. This means the next note should be gradually reached rather than jumping on to it. In the following example, the route from Ga to Sa will comprise all the intermediate notes. — Ga Sa Taal (Cyclic Rhythm) : Taal can be defined as a cycle of beats (Matra). Taal typically has Khands (Columns) divided by bars. The start of a Khand may be either Taali (accentuated) or Khaali (non accentuated). Khand (Columns) : As explained above, a Taal is divided by using bars. Each interval between the bars is called a Khand. eg. | Dha Dhi Nal Dha ti Nal Sum (First Beat) : First beat of Taal is called Sum and is indicated by a cross below the corresponding beat. eg. Dha Dhi Na|Dha ti Na| x Khaali : The non accentuated start of a Khand is called a Khaali. Typically, only treble or Right tabla is played on Taali. It is indicated by placing a 0 below the corresponding beat. 0 Taali : Starting of an accentuated Khand is called a Taali. Typically, both Left and Right drums of Tabla are played to accentuate the Taali. Taali of Sum is taken as the first Taali and the following Taalis are numbered and indicated with numbers 2 onwards. e.g. Tal Rupak Tali - 4; 6 beat. Ti ti Na | Dhi_ Na | Dhi Nal 0 1 2 Notation : Please see below an example of Notation composed in Teentaal (16 beats). Ma Ga - Sa ko aa s ye 0 Sa Ni Dha Pa ba ra sa n 2 Pa Ni Sa Re de kho sa_ khi x Re Ma Pa - ba da ra s 3