Data Dictionary

SAP’s Data Dictionary
Learning to use it effectively
FSS Technical Peer Group Meeting

Wednesday November 13, 2002
Carolyn Fuller
Introduction
 To know an application is to know its data
 Data dictionary holds key to performance
 Data dictionary tools reduce custom
programming
2
FSS Technical Peer Group Meeting 11/13/2002
Agenda
 The SAP Data Model

 Data Filtration
 SAP Indexes
 Building Custom Tables/Simple Apps
3
Vocabulary
 Relational Database
 Indexes
 Unique Index
 Primary Key
 Foreign Key (Check Table)
 One-to-Many Relationship
 Recursive Relationship
 Client Dependent
 View Cluster
4
KNA1
KUNNR
KNB1
The Data Model

BUKRS
KUNNR
BKPF BUKRS
BELNR
BSID BSAD
GJAHR BUKRS BUKRS
KUNNR.. KUNNR..
BUKRS
BSEG
BELNR
PRPS GJAHR
PSPNR BUZEI
ZSDBHEAD STUFE
FAKKZ
PRIME_CONTRACT
ZSDBLINE
PRIME_CONTRACT
MATERIAL
5
The SAP Data Model
 Transactional Data One-to-Many
– One header row to many line items
 Master Data One-to-Many
– One master to many company code masters
– One master to many transaction line items
 Recursive data
– One parent to many children & grandchildren
6
Report Example
Headers
Line Items
7
“One” Should be Driver
All the WBS
(billable and
non-billable)
Each WBS
looks up its parent
Billable WBS
Billable WBS finds

children,
grandchildren
8
Recursive Relationship
Billing Element
Billing Element
9
PRHI - WBS Edges
WBS Project UP DOWN LEFT RIGHT

6900000 6900000 6900054
6900027 6900000 6900000 6900028 6900037 xxxxxxx
6900028 6900000 6900027 6900040
6900029 6900000 6900028 6900030
6900030 6900000 6900028 6900040 6900029
6900037 6900000 6900000 6900038 6900054 6900027
6900038 6900000 6900037 6900039
6900039 6900000 6900038
6900040 6900000 6900028 6900030
6900054 6900000 6900000 6900055 6900037
6900055 6900000 6900054
10
Filtering Data Billing Example
Move filter to
beginning of
program
11
Filtering Data MM Example
Unfiltered
Filtered
12
SAP Indexes
 Primary Key
 Secondary Indexes
 Secondary Index Tables
 Foreign Key
13
Secondary Index Table Secondary Indexes
Primary Key &

Unique Index
Foreign Key
Client
Foreign Key’s
Check Table
14
BSID’s Secondary Indexes
Unique flag
BSID-1
Index for logical
database
15
Recursive Resolution Table
Foreign Keys
Check Tables
16
BKPF Primary & Foreign Keys
Primary Key with Table Fields
Foreign Key Primary Key
Foreign Key
17
COVP Useful Secondary Index
WBS 4579002
18
COVP Primary & Foreign Keys
Primary Key with Table Fields
Foreign Key Foreign Keys
Primary Key
19
Additional Useful Indexes
http://fuller.mit.edu/SAPDocs/indexes.htm
20
Building Custom Tables
 Create Header Table
 Create Line Item Table
 Create Maintainable Views for Header & Items
 SE54 - Extended Table Maintenance for Views
 Program & Activate Event User Exits
– Data validations
 SE54 - Create View Cluster
 SM34 - Maintain View Cluster
– SF8 View Cluster name is ZSDBLINE_VC
21
Create Header Table
Search help can be Custom field type
Client attached to Field or allows custom
Field type documentation
22
Custom Search Help
Defined in
Data type
Function Module Will display
contract # and
customer PO
Defined in
Search help
23
Custom Field Documentation
Defined in
Data type
24
Create Line Item Table
Foreign Key
Foreign Key’s
Check Table
25
Create Maintainable View
Not the default!
26
Maintenance
View Fields Attribute (MF)
Header fields - S
will be read only on
line items
27
Extended Table Maintenance
SE54 - Generated Objects
Maintainable View
Create an Include via SE38
29
Modify Function Pool
SAPLfunction_group
Uncomment
30
Modify Lfunction_groupFXX
SE80 - Function group
31
Events
SE54 -> Environment -> Events
Create View Cluster
SE54 -> Edit viewcluster
Object structure
34
Generated Field Dependences
Header - ZSDBHEAD_V
35
Generated Field Dependences
Header - ZSDBLINE_V
36
View Cluster - Line Items SM34
Header
Line Items
37
Summary
 Know your program “driver”
– Find the “One” in the application data model
 Filter the data early in the program
 Know the indexes available in an area
– If you can’t use the primary index there are
usually other indexes
 Use the SAP supplied tools when possible
38
Where to Get More Information
 BC430 ABAP Dictionary
– Tomorrow in Waltham (11/14 - 11/15)
– January 9 - 10, 2003 Waltham
 My personal favorite, the book
– Object-Oriented Systems Analysis - Modeling
the World of Data by Sally Shlaer & Stephen
Mello
 Available, used on www.amazon.com
39

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SAP’s Data Dictionary

Learning to use it effectively

FSS Technical Peer Group Meeting

 The SAP Data Model

The Data Model

Billable WBS finds

WBS Project UP DOWN LEFT RIGHT

Primary Key &

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