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SUMMARY - Leukemia is a heterogeneous group of hematological malignancies, resulting from the total or partial transformation of
blastic cells. Several criteria, including cell morphology, cytochemistry, immunophenotyping, and the detection of genetic alterations
are the basis for the classification of such hematological diseases. Immunophenotyping, performed with flow cytometry, is extremely
useful for staging, diagnosis, classification, prognosis, and disease monitoring. However, cytogenetic and molecular analyses provide
more precise diagnosis. Cytogenetics and molecular analyses describe the chromosomic changes in leukemic cells, and are useful for
the correlation with diagnosis, classification, staging, prognostic and disease monitoring. The two methods do not exclude each other,
but they can be used together in order to favor the clinical diagnosis as well as the patient that will surely receive a more suitable and
efficient treatment.
KEYWORDS - leukemia, diagnostic, immunophenotyping, flow cytometry, cytogenetic.
quanto que nas leucemias linfóides crônicas, a classifi- t(11;14)(p15;q11) LMO1-TCRD LLA-T ...
cação é baseada nas características morfológicas e imuno- t(11 ;14)(p13 ;q11) LMO2-TCRD LLA-T ...
t(11;14)(p34;q11) TAL1-TCRD LLA-T ...
fenotípicas, sendo a análise citogenética auxiliar na dife-
t(10;14) (q24; q11) HOX11-TCRD LLA-T ...
renciação entre a linhagem comprometida, ou seja T ou B, t(8;21)AML1/ETO LMA (FAB M2) FAVOR ÁVEL
além de colaborar para avaliação prognóstica.22 t(15;17) PML/RARa LMA (FAB M3) FAVO RÁVEL
Várias técnicas têm sido empregadas na avaliação genética Inv16CBFb/SMMHC LMA (FAB M4) FAVOR ÁVEL
das leucemias, incluindo a citogenética convencional, a cito- 11q23 LMA (FABM4/M5) INTERMEDIÁRIO