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4.

Proactiveness
“Process of anticipating and acting on future needs by
seeking new opportunities which may or may not be
related and strategically eliminating operations which
are in mature or declining phase”

• Example: Proactive communications


5. Risk Taking
• “Refers to a firm’s tendency to engage in high risk
projects and managerial preferences for bold versus
cautious actions.”
• Uncertainty refers to situations in which the
probability of a future outcome can not be
determined in advance.
• Risk refers to situations in which probability
distributions can be assigned to potential outcomes.
• Eg. Royal Dutch Shell.
Why is an Entrepreneurial Orientation
important?
• EO should be reflected in compensation system,
decision making, autonomy, innovativeness, risk-
taking behaviors, and general employee
behaviors.

• Importance of EO for:
– Entrepreneurs
– Employees
– Executives

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