iran Formal Vern Forms Informal Wert Forms Neutral Wer Forms PresenFutueTense = I EF PresenFutueTense — ~U ® « CETTE PastTense A+EUR PastTense nA 9 vA TaDe Progressive Tense TE +0RF Progressive Tense ME+OS ® - Rees Negative Present/Future 1 +A, Negative Present/Future =A +L Berger ree NegatvePastTense I +eACLIE Negative PastTense D— Musuhaveto., | ATRUELH RL | Command Form STE + tes Inorderto HU + fee Wantto trees Wantto THR While sensi oT aK Don't want to. A+k ened 42> ens lado inadvance “TE Bo eons <> cons Tado too much “+483 Causatveform any FEF Gaustiefom wana es Jodo andsoon etre So gS Ui k FEES Seem twa = 6 o> sees ye ses COMBINATION VERB “+ VERB Bo cseey Boxes STRINGING PHRASES PriRase 2 Conjugating Verbs ‘Hiragana UVERE ~ RUVERE) FS ~ <2) ( UNERTR/TARNNGS HD MAKE Ki IE SD se A fen. L AT = TE TA VE TDCetmouces iene 1 Cole 355 oc on » iat U ce -2 2-3 Al a et elm at oO Ut ime © ae 5 2 i 3 be O le 0 ce $-—-EE EE U KU GU SU ZU TSU ZU NU FU BU PU MU YU RUN Te kee ue Te ee C AUWFEETCCANR AD TA RAK Lt TA eh a T E KE GE SE ZE TE DE NE HE BE PE ME RE exceprions > {0991 in TE/TA-form becomes W2°C/isore BLICTELEOREECL ESR > The A-form ending for vetbs ending in is 22 © KO GO $0 ZO TO DO NO HO BO PO MO YO RO WO. vu-veres U9 (to need), i894 (to enter), L% (to know), © (to cut) ITWATLOOe LE AVES) 4A (to go home), <2 (to side), +2 (to kick) ney yn om > 7 2 DR? 3 Forms of 7 % (tone) Caution! ‘R-a oATe eee ARF YVVFFEUE EKER 2 resent «i OM | SON 1 kt isin jm yl NF aE BL Phot resent Tense a 2 § =n Be haan Tn, em AP FA Negative PresentTense CikBURIEA, Cex @ TSU SHE Ly FRET FRNA “8B GB Neguveraatine — iRBURWATLIE | Urnbok@ yy, Sy E KP GE SE ZE TE DE NE HE BE Negative Probable = tigwUTLss—auenurss «= = 7 A FI AVY REP RRRE BOT {A 5 very mascline and rec. n most cases, is beter tose @L9. © KO GO 80 ZO TO DO NO HO BO PO MO YO RO WO Diente moana, age to wih a6 75 wh aT Agjectives = RA EAR tA TE LADIECTIVES NAADETIVES . 7 Hook Ge ck t@e bk eon gee feo gage “det AM2B SM km@t etm: ERE wmme g hE seven cheer O K fe i ay ME Sec com quay feacoonertiy = elle AO RM Be Be eo Wecc fastand. Rae cheerfland HF Ro 7 ie Jia ae GH ERB OT —waAStast —Dsyrcnasincenin owl abeces sows ge tnd tenant ett nein ee BPG ntti @ iano SEE ee Grong ian CoE) Fe i Fe mm Oe earns tee Sista ieee heey ne kn te Gres wont oe = OM EO Be H&B Me we 3a fon Meldeces wey afmet cs it ee, RR BY BR Re ew Sit acouea od esNacetecee e's) RL Ruy eet Ase ‘on ‘A Poentayeude © :Usage note) "Noble". form that can be changed na 2 noun with 9. © Loy Vincent& Iba an aumento ard aap A i ® ° shes KaKcerclemers, eoepvatn. gh shes (Deed oss i abaeven ent. WA-Tonic Marker + Marks the top ofa sentence. rset + Contrast one option or thing from others + Used when stating factual infarmation, Iterecosowe GA- Subject Marker + Marks the subject ofa er. sna + Separates alls out one option or thing from thes + Used whentelating a chamf evens. + Used when describing specithings with adjectives, + Marks objects of potential form verbs) + Connects clauses with ameaning of"bu”o despite” Aig DELSTOER, RatshakneLoTORR, cane panes le aatahaste many. tbo WAvs. A (Detaled Artie -htp/nihonshock com/waga 0- Object Marker + Marks the object ofa verb. + With verbs ofmoton, shows where the mation ocus. e58ex CEKacbelany, Tot in they Tetaabot ing NI-The “Aiming” Particle + Math anindrect bjt eo + Matks destination direction or specie place fran action, + Matksspectfipoint in time osm 17210) @ + Mats period of time that something repeats, swe + Mats direct objects for: 2 tobecomel, 5 tomeed, 2 one) pons ‘TO- The “Binding” Particle + Marks a person that an ation i done wth + Links nouns to create acomplete“and group. © + Marks quoted speech or complete ideas. + Shows 3 atu, predictable if-then relationship betwen clauses + Marks onomatapaei words, ss nicsine) EUBLEMADLELR, | ERREABEDLOET, lies cme “dik caper sy. ceceeaey twipeatnvhipes DE-The “Enabling” Particle + Marks place area, or length oftme inside which something occur. + Marks a methodtoo ar condition/stte for an action, + Marks a material or substance, composition PAEREASLE. | © say Dame tar MO. Even/Aiso Marker + Used with ther articles toad a meaning of'also/oo" “even” tsuage repos, an eng. bat tls a abe pide) + Turns interogative words (2c, eh, U2, etc) int every~/all~ words. esky eit gare i, Hels esha = Mak toc quto Gabe! A) | erect Pp Incorteee90ip © We) ern bess ng pe du) rs eel neering LA (et an Fel 85 rnd be amounts orcad ir iy LI Shale fk <5 (SO BEreennsloh. NIHON) + Marks ties ameant or extentesomeing + Used with C3 (another potent verbs) to means ~ as posible" Plasemreitas quis youn, stoner + Matsan extent or amount thatthe spake thinks smalls + Anaysuseditha egatve ve om, “havent ee thowsndyen, + Matsa degre or een ofsomething. + Marsan approximate length fine ‘ars te greater element ina negative comparion. Kasiuiar cats. eshecosROSUELIE, tafe tsa ingest ys eae pa Murs te eser ementin a postive compan rom ~"(whencsng pater) AOSEREDEEIEPOTH, Water fern ks peso suggestion. Tus interogate worst ny wors 1 Uiegarannejestionanevenso/tthoweve” WORE THbLTCER, Pleseat mearene amet oomethg? + Matisan approximate arregtable epee, amour cr ength fine. + Gals be pronounced CU yma sang at me, oo an ge. + Meansony tothe xs ofthethings” + Ganke pronounced 229) 9 foremphas, Boe SLTRRKROLERUOET, “hatdssorhs angel in Uheadaboatt fara fend ‘herveting fam | tac 5 ec, ‘ars starting pic ortime ‘ars source ofnfermation, + Marsan ending place ore + When flowed by, rmeansoybelar™ Phase wite tbe ep byenerow, |RAMMATICAL WORDS / PATTERNS at pectin lester ete addon ae ries Santen bit tay estate ot ond, Iida poner FTES eo Kerang piFCIRLLY Mott ~ ES Cenpation aude uroesoyo El UIE thenore ‘ii jt eeu, DYOLAVELY —Poubity ee cipt ies iheecifi aie SESE se Geyieca® imi give Ireceive Yougive tome Informal 17S $53 KS Humble elas Ufete< , SEES! ero, > eset _O she peter tine tatters afte namber ramet naling rte: (© +2 gop lsat, any rane seme © Lloyd Vincent