Fourth Semester B.

E Degree Examination
(Common to CS and IS)
Model Question Paper I

06CS43 Analysis and Design of Algorithms

Note: Answer any FIVE Full questions, selecting at least TWO Questions from each
PART

Time: 3 Hours Maximum marks : 100

PART -A
1. a. With the help of a flowchart, explain the various stages of algorithm design
process. (08 marks)
b. Explain any three fundamental problem types. (06 marks)
c. Let A be the adjacency matrix of an undirected graph. Explain what properties of the
matrix indicate that
i. The graph is complete
ii. The graph has a loop
iii. The graph has an isolated vertex (06 marks)

2. a. Explain the worst-case , best-case and average case efficiencies of an algorithm

with help of an example. (08 marks)
b. Explain the general plan for analyzing the efficiency of a recursive algorithm.
(08 marks)
c. Solve the following recurrence relations.
i. x(n) = x(n-1) + 5 for n >1 , x(1)=0
ii. x(n) = 3x(n-1) for n > 1, x(1) =4 (04 marks)

3. a. What is brute-force method? Write a brute-force string matching algorithm.

Analyze its complexity. (08 marks)
b. Write the quick sort algorithm. Analyze its efficiency. Apply the algorithm to sort the
list { 4, 1, 6, 3, 9, 2, 7, 5}. (12 marks)

4. a. Explain how the Divide-and-Conquer strategy is used to multiply large integers.

Apply the same to compute 2101 * 1130. (10 marks)
b. Explain the Johnson Trotter algorithm for generating permutations.
Generate the permutations for the given set {1, 2, 3, 4} by
i. Bottom-up minimal change algorithm
ii. The Johnson Trotter algorithm
iii. The lexicographic order algorithm (10 marks)

PART -B
5. a. Explain Transform-and-Conquer technique. What are the major variations of this
technique. (06 marks)
b. Explain the different rotations of AVL tree. Construct an AVL tree for the input
sequence 3,6,5,1,2,4 (10 marks)
c. Construct a 2-3 tree for the data of 5 (b) above. (04 marks)

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 6. a. Explain the different types of hashing. For the input 30,20,56,75,31,19 and hash
function h(K) = 2K mod 11 , construct the open hash table. (08 marks)
b. What are memory functions? Explain how they are used to solve the knapsack
problem . Solve the instance of the knapsack problem below. Capacity W= 5
Item Weight Value
1 2 $12
2 1 $10
3 3 $20
4 2 $15
(12 marks)
7. a. i. Construct a Huffman code for the following data
Character A B C D -
Probability 0.4 0.1 0.2 0.15 0.15
ii. Encode the text ABACABAD using the code of (i) above.
iii. Decode the text whose encoding is 10001011100101 with the code of (i) above.
(10 marks)
b. What are decision trees? Explain the concept of decision trees for sorting algorithms.
(10 marks)

8. a. Distinguish between P, NP and NP-complete problems. Give examples for each

category. (10 marks)
b. Apply backtracking to solve the following instance of the subset sum problem
S={5,1,4,3} and d=11. (10 marks)

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 Fourth Semester B.E Degree Examination
(Common to CS and IS)
Model Question Paper II

06CS43 Analysis and Design of Algorithms

Note: Answer any FIVE Full questions, selecting at least TWO Questions from each
PART

Time: 3 Hours Maximum marks : 100

PART -A

1. a) Explain the notion of algorithm and its important characteristics with the
help of an algorithm. (06 Marks)
b) Write an algorithm to check whether the given number is an Armstrong
number or not.(Ex: 13+53+33=153) (06 Marks)
c) Briefly explain the following terms- (08 Marks)
i) Dictionary ii) Stable algorithm
iii) ADT iv) First child next sibling representation of trees
2. a) Explain the various asymptotic notations with examples. (08 Marks)
b) Use the informal definitions of O, O, ? to determine whether
the following assertions are true or false. (06 Marks)
i) n(n+1)/2 € O(n3) ii)n(n+1)/2 € O(n2)
iii) n(n+1)/2 € ? (n3) iv) n(n+1)/2€ O (n)
c) Discuss the algorithm for element uniqueness problem for its
efficiency. (06 Marks)
3. a) Explain selection sort algorithm and its efficiency. (08 Marks)
b) Discuss the merge sort algorithm with recursive tree and discuss its
efficiency. Apply the same algorithm to sort the list {4,6,1,3,9,5,2,7}.
(12 Marks)
4. a) Briefly explain Strassen’s matrix multiplication. Obtain its (12 Marks)
complexity. Apply the algorithm to multiply the given 2 matrices.

1 2 5 6
3 4 X 7 8

b) Differentiate between DFS and BFS tree traversals. Explain, with an example,
how DFS algorithm can be used to obtain the topological sorting
(08 Marks)
PART -B

5. a) Write and explain the Heap sort algorithm using top-down approach.
Using this algorithm, sort the elements {M,O,R,N,I,N,G} in alphabetical
order. (10 Marks)
b) Explain the Boyer-Moore algorithm for string matching with
an example. (10 Marks)

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6 a) Construct the open hash table and closed hash table for the input:
30,20,56,75,31,19 using the hash function h(k)=k mod 11. (08 Marks)
b) State all-pairs shortest path algorithm. Using it, solve the (12 Marks)
following:

0 2 8 1 8
6 0 3 2 8
8 8 0 4 8
8 8 2 0 3
3 8 8 8 0

7. a) What is Greedy technique? Explain how the different steps of this

technique are taken care in generating a minimum spanning tree
through a sequence of expanding sub trees. Apply this algorithm
to the following graph: (10 Marks)

1
b c
a a

6
5 3 4

a 6 d 2 e
a a a

b) Explain the concept of Decision tree for searching the sorted

array. (10 Marks)
8. a) Distinguish between P,NP and NP complete problems. Give examples
for each category. (10 Marks)
b) Solve the following instance of Assignment problem using
Branch-Bound technique (10 Mraks)

Job1 Job2 Job3 Job4

9 2 7 8
6 4 3 7
5 8 1 8
7 6 9 4

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